<p>For many questions the answer seems to be found in "the standard". However, where do we find that? Preferably online.</p>

<p>Googling can sometimes feel futile, again especially for the C standards, since they are drowned in the flood of discussions on programming forums.</p>

<p>To get this started, since these are the ones I am searching for right now, where are there good online resources for:</p>

<ul>
<li>C89</li>
<li>C99</li>
<li>C11</li>
<li>C++98</li>
<li>C++03</li>
<li>C++11</li>
<li>C++14</li>
<li>C++17</li>
</ul>

[{'answer_id': 81687, 'author': 'Pieter', 'author_id': 5822, 'author_profile': 'https://Stackoverflow.com/users/5822', 'pm_score': 4, 'selected': False, 'text': '<p>ISO standards cost money, from a moderate amount (for a PDF version), to a bit more (for a book version).</p>\n\n<p>While they aren\'t finalised however, they can usually be found online, as drafts. Most of the times the final version doesn\'t differ significantly from the last draft, so while not perfect, they\'ll suit just fine.</p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href="http://www.justsoftwaresolutions.co.uk/cplusplus/new-cplusplus-draft-and-concurrency-papers.html" rel="noreferrer">C++ 0x draft</a></li>\n</ul>\n'}, {'answer_id': 81748, 'author': 'MSalters', 'author_id': 15416, 'author_profile': 'https://Stackoverflow.com/users/15416', 'pm_score': 2, 'selected': False, 'text': '<p>The ISO C and C++ standards are bloody expensive. On the other hand, the INCITS republishes them for a lot less. <a href="http://www.techstreet.com/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.techstreet.com/</a> seems to have the PDF for $30\n(search for INCITS/ISO/IEC 14882:2003).</p>\n\n<p>Hardcopy versions are available, too. Look for the British Standards Institute versions, published by Wiley.</p>\n'}, {'answer_id': 81986, 'author': 'James Hopkin', 'author_id': 11828, 'author_profile': 'https://Stackoverflow.com/users/11828', 'pm_score': 4, 'selected': False, 'text': '<p>You might find the <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2010/n3225.pdf" rel="noreferrer">draft international standard</a> for C++0x useful.</p>\n'}, {'answer_id': 83504, 'author': 'Anthony Williams', 'author_id': 5597, 'author_profile': 'https://Stackoverflow.com/users/5597', 'pm_score': 3, 'selected': False, 'text': '<p>The C99 and C++03 standards are available in book form from Wiley:</p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href="https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0470846747" rel="nofollow noreferrer" rel="nofollow noreferrer">C++ Standard on Amazon</a></li>\n<li><a href="https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0470845732" rel="nofollow noreferrer" rel="nofollow noreferrer">C Standard on Amazon</a></li>\n</ul>\n\n<p>Plus, as already mentioned, the working draft for future standards is often available from the committee websites:</p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">C++ committee website</a></li>\n<li><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">C committee website</a></li>\n</ul>\n\n<p>The C-201x draft is available as <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1336.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N1336</a>, and the C++0x draft as <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2010/n3225.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N3225</a>. </p>\n'}, {'answer_id': 83763, 'author': 'Michael Burr', 'author_id': 12711, 'author_profile': 'https://Stackoverflow.com/users/12711', 'pm_score': 10, 'selected': True, 'text': '<h3>PDF versions of the standard</h3>\n<p>As of <strike>1st September 2014</strike> March 2022, the best locations by price for the official C and C++ standards documents in PDF seem to be:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><p>C++20 – ISO/IEC 14882:2020: <a href="https://www.csagroup.org/store/product/CSA%20ISO%25100IEC%2014882%3A21/?format=PDF" rel="noreferrer">212 CAD (about $165 US) from csagroup.org</a></p>\n</li>\n<li><p>C++17 – ISO/IEC 14882:2017: <a href="https://www.standards.govt.nz/shop/isoiec-148822017/" rel="noreferrer">$90 NZD (about $65 US) from Standards New Zealand</a></p>\n</li>\n<li><p>C++14 – ISO/IEC 14882:2014: <a href="https://www.standards.govt.nz/shop/isoiec-148822014/" rel="noreferrer">$90 NZD (about $65 US) from Standards New Zealand</a></p>\n</li>\n<li><p>C++11 – ISO/IEC 14882-2011: <a href="https://webstore.ansi.org/Standards/INCITS/INCITSISOIEC148822012" rel="noreferrer">$60 from ansi.org</a> or <a href="https://www.techstreet.com/standards/incits-iso-iec-14882-2011-2012?product_id=1852925" rel="noreferrer">$60 from Techstreet</a></p>\n</li>\n<li><p>C++03 – INCITS/ISO/IEC 14882:2003: <a href="https://webstore.ansi.org/standards/incits/incitsisoiec148822003" rel="noreferrer">$30 from ansi.org</a></p>\n</li>\n<li><p>C++98 – ISO/IEC 14882:1998: <a href="https://www.standards.govt.nz/shop/asnzs-148821999/" rel="noreferrer">$95 NZD (about $65 US) from Standards New Zealand</a></p>\n</li>\n<li><p>C17/C18 – INCITS/ISO/IEC 9899:2018: <a href="https://webstore.ansi.org/Standards/INCITS/INCITSISOIEC989920182019" rel="noreferrer">$116 from INCITS/ANSI</a> / <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/abq/c17_updated_proposed_fdis.pdf" rel="noreferrer">N2176 / c17_updated_proposed_fdis.pdf draft from November 2017</a> (Link broken, see <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181230041359if_/http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/abq/c17_updated_proposed_fdis.pdf" rel="noreferrer">Wayback Machine N2176</a>)</p>\n</li>\n<li><p>C11 – ISO/IEC 9899:2011: <a href="https://webstore.ansi.org/Standards/INCITS/INCITSISOIEC989920112012" rel="noreferrer">$60 from ansi.org</a> / <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1570.pdf" rel="noreferrer">WG14 draft version N1570</a></p>\n</li>\n<li><p>C99 – INCITS/ISO/IEC 9899-1999(R2005): <a href="https://webstore.ansi.org/Standards/INCITS/INCITSISOIEC98991999R2005" rel="noreferrer">$60 from ansi.org</a> / <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1256.pdf" rel="noreferrer">WG14 draft version N1256</a></p>\n</li>\n<li><p>C90 – ISO/IEC 9899:1990: <a href="https://www.standards.govt.nz/shop/isoiec-98991990/" rel="noreferrer">$90 NZD (about $65 USD) from Standards New Zealand</a></p>\n</li>\n</ul>\n<h3>Non-PDF electronic versions of the standard</h3>\n<p><em><strong>Warning: most copies of standard drafts are published in PDF format, and errors may have been introduced if the text/HTML was transcribed or automatically generated from the PDF.</strong></em></p>\n<ul>\n<li>C89 – Draft version in ANSI text format: (<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161223125339/http://flash-gordon.me.uk/ansi.c.txt" rel="noreferrer">https://web.archive.org/web/20161223125339/http://flash-gordon.me.uk/ansi.c.txt</a>)</li>\n<li>C89 – Draft version as HTML document: (<a href="http://port70.net/%7Ensz/c/c89/c89-draft.html" rel="noreferrer">http://port70.net/~nsz/c/c89/c89-draft.html</a>)</li>\n<li>C90 TC1; ISO/IEC 9899 TCOR1, single-page HTML document: (<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/tc1.htm" rel="noreferrer">http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/tc1.htm</a>)</li>\n<li>C90 TC2; ISO/IEC 9899 TCOR2, single-page HTML document: (<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/tc2.htm" rel="noreferrer">http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/tc2.htm</a>)</li>\n<li>C99 – Draft version (N1256) as HTML document: (<a href="http://port70.net/%7Ensz/c/c99/n1256.html" rel="noreferrer">http://port70.net/~nsz/c/c99/n1256.html</a>)</li>\n<li>C11 – Draft version (N1570) as HTML document: (<a href="http://port70.net/%7Ensz/c/c11/n1570.html" rel="noreferrer">http://port70.net/~nsz/c/c11/n1570.html</a>)</li>\n<li>C++11 – Working draft (N3337) as plain text document: (<a href="http://port70.net/%7Ensz/c/c%2B%2B/c%2B%2B11_n3337.txt" rel="noreferrer">http://port70.net/~nsz/c/c%2B%2B/c%2B%2B11_n3337.txt</a>)</li>\n</ul>\n<p><em>(The site hosting the plain text version of the C++11 working draft also has some C++14 drafts in this format. But none of them are copies of the final working draft, N4140.)</em></p>\n<h3>Print versions of the standard</h3>\n<p>Print copies of the standards are available from national standards bodies and <a href="https://www.iso.org/home.html" rel="noreferrer">ISO</a> but are very expensive.</p>\n<p>If you want a hardcopy of the C90 standard for much less money than above, you may be able to find a cheap used copy of <a href="http://www.catb.org/jargon/html/B/bullschildt.html" rel="noreferrer">Herb Schildt</a>\'s book <a href="http://www.davros.org/c/schildt.html" rel="noreferrer"><em>The Annotated ANSI Standard</em></a> at <a href="https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0078819520" rel="noreferrer" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Amazon</a>, which contains the actual text of the standard (useful) and commentary on the standard (less useful - it contains several dangerous and misleading errors).</p>\n<p>The C99 and C++03 standards are available in book form from Wiley and the BSI (British Standards Institute):</p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href="https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0470846747" rel="noreferrer" rel="nofollow noreferrer">C++03 Standard</a> on Amazon</li>\n<li><a href="https://rads.stackoverflow.com/amzn/click/com/0470845732" rel="noreferrer" rel="nofollow noreferrer">C99 Standard</a> on Amazon</li>\n</ul>\n<h3>Standards committee draft versions (free)</h3>\n<p>The working drafts for future standards are often available from the committee websites:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/" rel="noreferrer">C++ committee website</a></li>\n<li><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/" rel="noreferrer">C committee website</a></li>\n</ul>\n<p>If you want to get drafts from the current or earlier C/C++ standards, there are some available for free on the internet:</p>\n<h3>For C:</h3>\n<ul>\n<li><p>ANSI X3.159-198 (C89):\nI cannot find a PDF of C89, but it is almost the same as C90. The only major differences are in the boilerplate and section numbering, although there are some slight textual differences</p>\n</li>\n<li><p>ISO/IEC 9899:1990 (C90):\n(Almost the same as ANSI X3.159-198 (C89) except for the frontmatter and section numbering. There is at least one textual difference in section 6.5.7 (previously 3.5.7), where <em>&quot;a list&quot;</em> became <em>&quot;a brace-enclosed list&quot;</em>. Note that the conversion between ANSI and ISO/IEC Standard is seen inside this document, the document refers to its name as &quot;ANSI/ISO: 9899/99&quot; although this isn\'t the right name of the later made standard of it, the right name is &quot;ISO/IEC 9899:1990&quot;)</p>\n</li>\n<li><p>TC1 for C90: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n423.pdf" rel="noreferrer">http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n423.pdf</a></p>\n</li>\n<li><p>There isn\'t a PDF link for TC2 on the <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/wg14_document_log.htm" rel="noreferrer">WG14 website</a>, sadly.</p>\n</li>\n<li><p>ISO/IEC 9899:1999 (C99 incorporating all three Technical Corrigenda):\n<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1256.pdf" rel="noreferrer">http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1256.pdf</a></p>\n</li>\n<li><p>An earlier version of C99 incorporating only TC1 and TC2:\n<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1124.pdf" rel="noreferrer">http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1124.pdf</a></p>\n</li>\n<li><p>Working draft for the original (i.e. pre-corrigenda) C99: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n843.htm" rel="noreferrer">http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n843.htm</a> (HTML) and <a href="http://www.dkuug.dk/JTC1/SC22/WG14/www/docs/n843.pdf" rel="noreferrer">http://www.dkuug.dk/JTC1/SC22/WG14/www/docs/n843.pdf</a> (PDF).\nNote that there were two later working drafts: N869 and N878, but they seem to have been removed from the WG14 website, so this is the latest one available.</p>\n</li>\n<li><p>List of changes between C89/C90 and C99: <a href="http://port70.net/%7Ensz/c/c89/c9x_changes.html" rel="noreferrer">http://port70.net/~nsz/c/c89/c9x_changes.html</a></p>\n</li>\n<li><p>TC1 for C99 (only the TC, not the standard incorporating it): <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/9899tc1/n32071.PDF" rel="noreferrer">http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/9899tc1/n32071.PDF</a></p>\n</li>\n<li><p>TC2 for C99 (only the TC, not the standard incorporating it): <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/9899-1999_cor_2-2004.pdf" rel="noreferrer">http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/9899-1999_cor_2-2004.pdf</a></p>\n</li>\n<li><p>ISO/IEC 9899:2011 (C11):\n<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1570.pdf" rel="noreferrer">http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1570.pdf</a></p>\n<p>For information on the differences between N1570 and the final, published version of C11, see <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8631228/latest-changes-in-c11/15737472#15737472">Latest changes in C11</a> and <a href="https://groups.google.com/g/comp.std.c/c/v5hsWOu5vSw" rel="noreferrer">https://groups.google.com/g/comp.std.c/c/v5hsWOu5vSw</a></p>\n</li>\n<li><p>ISO/IEC 9899:2011/Cor 1:2012 (C11\'s only technical corrigendum): This can be viewed at <a href="https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso-iec:9899:ed-3:v1:cor:1:v1:en" rel="noreferrer">https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:std:iso-iec:9899:ed-3:v1:cor:1:v1:en</a> but cannot be downloaded. It is the actual corrigendum, not a draft.</p>\n</li>\n<li><p>ISO/IEC 9899:2018 (C17/C18):\n<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181230041359if_/http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/abq/c17_updated_proposed_fdis.pdf" rel="noreferrer">https://web.archive.org/web/20181230041359if_/http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/abq/c17_updated_proposed_fdis.pdf</a> (N2176)</p>\n</li>\n<li><p>C2x work-in-progress - latest working draft as of 7th August 2022 (N3047):\n<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n3047.pdf" rel="noreferrer">http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n3047.pdf</a></p>\n</li>\n</ul>\n<h3>For C++:</h3>\n<ul>\n<li><p>ISO/IEC 14882:1998 (C++98):\n<a href="http://www.lirmm.fr/%7Educour/Doc-objets/ISO+IEC+14882-1998.pdf" rel="noreferrer">http://www.lirmm.fr/~ducour/Doc-objets/ISO+IEC+14882-1998.pdf</a></p>\n</li>\n<li><p>ISO/IEC 14882:2003 (C++03):\n<a href="https://cs.nyu.edu/courses/fall11/CSCI-GA.2110-003/documents/c++2003std.pdf" rel="noreferrer">https://cs.nyu.edu/courses/fall11/CSCI-GA.2110-003/documents/c++2003std.pdf</a></p>\n</li>\n<li><p>ISO/IEC 14882:2011 (C++11):\n<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2012/n3337.pdf" rel="noreferrer">http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2012/n3337.pdf</a></p>\n</li>\n<li><p>ISO/IEC 14882:2014 (C++14):\n<a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4140.pdf?raw=true" rel="noreferrer">https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4140.pdf?raw=true</a></p>\n</li>\n<li><p>ISO/IEC 14882:2017 (C++17):\n<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2017/n4659.pdf" rel="noreferrer">http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2017/n4659.pdf</a></p>\n</li>\n<li><p>ISO/IEC 14882:2020 (C++20): <a href="https://isocpp.org/files/papers/N4860.pdf" rel="noreferrer">https://isocpp.org/files/papers/N4860.pdf</a></p>\n</li>\n<li><p>ISO/IEC 14882:2023 (C++23 work-in-progress. Working draft dated March 17 2022): <a href="https://open-std.org/JTC1/SC22/WG21/docs/papers/2022/n4910.pdf" rel="noreferrer">https://open-std.org/JTC1/SC22/WG21/docs/papers/2022/n4910.pdf</a></p>\n</li>\n</ul>\n<p>Note that these documents are not the same as the standard, though the versions just prior to the meetings that decide on a standard are usually very close to what is in the final standard. The FCD (Final Committee Draft) versions are password protected; you need to be on the standards committee to get them.</p>\n<p>Even though the draft versions might be very close to the final ratified versions of the standards, some of this post\'s editors would strongly advise you to get a copy of the actual documents — especially if you\'re planning on quoting them as references. Of course, starving students should go ahead and use the drafts if strapped for cash.</p>\n<hr />\n<p>It appears that, if you are willing and able to wait a few months after ratification of a standard, to search for &quot;INCITS/ISO/IEC&quot; instead of &quot;ISO/IEC&quot; when looking for a standard is the key. By doing so, one of this post\'s editors was able to find the C11 and C++11 standards at reasonable prices. For example, if you search for &quot;INCITS/ISO/IEC 9899:2011&quot; instead of &quot;ISO/IEC 9899:2011&quot; on <a href="https://webstore.ansi.org" rel="noreferrer">webstore.ansi.org</a> you will find the reasonably priced PDF version.</p>\n<hr />\n<p>The site <a href="https://wg21.link/" rel="noreferrer">https://wg21.link/</a> provides short-URL links to the C++ current working draft and draft standards, and committee papers:</p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href="https://wg21.link/std11" rel="noreferrer">https://wg21.link/std11</a> - C++11</li>\n<li><a href="https://wg21.link/std14" rel="noreferrer">https://wg21.link/std14</a> - C++14</li>\n<li><a href="https://wg21.link/std17" rel="noreferrer">https://wg21.link/std17</a> - C++17</li>\n<li><a href="https://wg21.link/std20" rel="noreferrer">https://wg21.link/std20</a> - C++20</li>\n<li><a href="https://wg21.link/std" rel="noreferrer">https://wg21.link/std</a> - current working draft (as of May 2022 still points to the 2021 version)</li>\n</ul>\n<hr />\n<p>The current draft of the standard is maintained as LaTeX sources on <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft" rel="noreferrer">Github</a>. These sources can be converted to HTML using <a href="https://github.com/Eelis/cxxdraft-htmlgen" rel="noreferrer">cxxdraft-htmlgen</a>. The following sites maintain HTML pages so generated:</p>\n<ul>\n<li>Tim Song - <a href="https://timsong-cpp.github.io/cppwp/" rel="noreferrer">Current working draft</a> - <a href="https://timsong-cpp.github.io/cppwp/n3337/" rel="noreferrer">C++11</a> - <a href="https://timsong-cpp.github.io/cppwp/n4140/" rel="noreferrer">C++14</a> - <a href="https://timsong-cpp.github.io/cppwp/n4659/" rel="noreferrer">C++17</a> - <a href="https://timsong-cpp.github.io/cppwp/n4861/" rel="noreferrer">C++20</a></li>\n<li>Eelis - <a href="http://eel.is/c++draft/" rel="noreferrer">Current working draft</a></li>\n</ul>\n<p><a href="https://github.com/timsong-cpp/cppwp" rel="noreferrer">Tim Song</a> also maintains generated HTML and PDF versions of the Networking TS and Ranges TS.</p>\n<h3>POSIX extensions to the C standard</h3>\n<p>The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/POSIX" rel="noreferrer">POSIX</a> standard (IEEE 1003.1) requires a compliant operating system to include a C compiler. This compiler must in turn be compliant with the C standard, and must also support various extensions defined in the &quot;System Interfaces&quot; section of POSIX (such as the <code>off_t</code> data type, the <code>&lt;aio.h&gt;</code> header, the <code>clock_gettime()</code> function and the <code>_POSIX_C_SOURCE</code> macro.)</p>\n<p>So if you\'ve tried to look up a particular function, been informed &quot;This function is part of POSIX, not the C standard&quot;, and wondered why an operating system standard was mandating compiler features and language extensions... now you know!</p>\n<ul>\n<li><p>POSIX.1-2001: The System Interfaces section can be downloaded as a separate document from <a href="https://mirror.math.princeton.edu/pub/oldlinux/download/c951.pdf" rel="noreferrer">https://mirror.math.princeton.edu/pub/oldlinux/download/c951.pdf</a>. Section 1.7 states that the relevant version of the C standard is C99.</p>\n<p>The &quot;Shell and Utilities&quot; section (<a href="https://mirror.math.princeton.edu/pub/oldlinux/download/c952.pdf" rel="noreferrer">https://mirror.math.princeton.edu/pub/oldlinux/download/c952.pdf</a>) mandates not only that a C99-compliant compiler should exist, but that it should be invokable from the command line under the name &quot;c99&quot;. One way in which this can be implemented is to place a shell script called &quot;c99&quot; in /usr/bin, which calls gcc with the <code>-std=c99</code> option added to the list of command-line parameters, and blocks any competing standards from being specified.</p>\n<p>POSIX.1-2001 had two technical corrigenda, one dated 2002 and one dated 2004. I don\'t think they\'re incorporated into the documents as linked above. There\'s an online HTML version incorporating the corrigenda at <a href="https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/" rel="noreferrer">https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/</a> - but I should add that I\'ve had some trouble with the search box and so using Google to search the site is probably your best bet.</p>\n<p>There is a paywalled link to download the first corrigendum at <a href="https://standards.ieee.org/standard/1003_1-2001-Cor1-2002.html" rel="noreferrer">https://standards.ieee.org/standard/1003_1-2001-Cor1-2002.html</a>.</p>\n<p>There is also a paywalled link for the second at <a href="https://standards.ieee.org/standard/1003_1-2001-Cor2-2004.html" rel="noreferrer">https://standards.ieee.org/standard/1003_1-2001-Cor2-2004.html</a></p>\n</li>\n</ul>\n<ul>\n<li><p>There is a draft version of POSIX.1-2008 at <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/open/n4217.pdf" rel="noreferrer">http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/open/n4217.pdf</a>.</p>\n<p>POSIX.1-2008 also had two technical corrigenda, the latter of the two being dated 2016. There is an online HTML version of the standard incorporating the corrigenda at <a href="https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799.2016edition/" rel="noreferrer">https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799.2016edition/</a> - though, again, I have had situations where the site\'s own search box wasn\'t good for finding information.</p>\n</li>\n<li><p>There is an online HTML version of POSIX.1-2017 at <a href="https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/" rel="noreferrer">https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/</a> - though, again, I recommend using Google instead of that site\'s searchbox. According to the <a href="https://www.opengroup.org/austin/" rel="noreferrer">Open Group website</a> &quot;IEEE 1003.1-2017 ... is a revision to the 1003.1-2008 standard to rollup the standard including its two technical corrigenda (as-is)&quot;. <a href="https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/standards.7.html" rel="noreferrer">Linux manpages</a> describe it as &quot;technically identical&quot; to POSIX.1-2008 with Technical Corrigenda 1 and 2 applied. This is therefore not a major revision and does not change the value of the <code>_POSIX_C_SOURCE</code> macro.</p>\n</li>\n</ul>\n'}, {'answer_id': 84549, 'author': 'Community', 'author_id': -1, 'author_profile': 'https://Stackoverflow.com/users/-1', 'pm_score': 6, 'selected': False, 'text': '<p>C99 is <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1256.pdf" rel="noreferrer">available online</a>. Quoted from <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/standards.html#9899" rel="noreferrer">www.open-std.org</a>:</p>\n\n<blockquote>\n  <p>The lastest publically available version of the standard is the\n  combined C99 + TC1 + TC2 + TC3, <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1256.pdf" rel="noreferrer">WG14 N1256</a>, dated 2007-09-07. This is\n  a WG14 working paper, but it reflects the consolidated standard at the\n  time of issue.</p>\n</blockquote>\n'}, {'answer_id': 84613, 'author': 'Kris Kumler', 'author_id': 4281, 'author_profile': 'https://Stackoverflow.com/users/4281', 'pm_score': 2, 'selected': False, 'text': '<p>The actual standards documents may not be the most useful.  Most compilers do not fully implement the standards and may sometimes actually conflict.  So the compiler documentation that you would already have will be more useful.  Additionally, the documentation will contain platform-specific remarks and notes on any caveats.</p>\n'}, {'answer_id': 4653479, 'author': 'Martin York', 'author_id': 14065, 'author_profile': 'https://Stackoverflow.com/users/14065', 'pm_score': 9, 'selected': False, 'text': '<p>Online versions of the standard can be found:</p>\n<h3>Working Draft, Standard for Programming Language C++</h3>\n<p><em><strong>The following all draft versions of the standard</strong></em>:</p>\n<p>All the following are freely downloadable<br />\n2022-09-05: <a href="https://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2022/n4917.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4917</a><br />\n2022-03-17: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2022/n4910.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4910</a><br />\n2021-10-22: <a href="https://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2021/n4901.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4901</a><br />\n2021-06-18: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2021/n4892.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4892</a><br />\n2021-03-17: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2021/n4885.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4885</a><br />\n2020-12-15: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2020/n4878.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4878</a><br />\n2020-10-18: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2020/n4868.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4868</a><br />\n2020-04-08: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2020/n4861.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4861</a></p>\n<p><em><strong>This is the C++20 Standard:</strong></em><br />\nThis version requires Authentication<br />\n2020-04-08: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/prot/14882fdis/n4860.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4860</a></p>\n<p><em><strong>The following all draft versions of the standard</strong></em>:<br />\nAll the following are freely downloadable<br />\n(many of these can be found at this <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/tree/master/papers" rel="nofollow noreferrer">main GitHub link</a>)<br />\n2020-01-14: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2020/n4849.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4849</a><br />\n2019-11-27: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2019/n4842.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4842</a><br />\n2019-10-08: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2019/n4835.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4835</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4835.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2019-08-15: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2019/n4830.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4830</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers//n4830.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2019-06-17: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2019/n4820.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4820</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4820.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2019-03-15: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2019/n4810.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4810</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4810.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2019-01-21: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2019/n4800.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4800</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4800.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2018-11-26: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2018/n4791.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4791</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4791.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2018-10-08: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2018/n4778.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4778</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4778.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2018-07-07: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2018/n4762.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4762</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4762.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2018-05-07: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2018/n4750.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4750</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4750.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2018-04-02: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2018/n4741.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4741</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4741.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2018-02-12: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2018/n4727.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4727</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4727.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2017-11-27: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2017/n4713.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4713</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4713.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2017-10-16: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2017/n4700.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4700</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4700.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2017-07-30: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2017/n4687.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4687</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4687.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a></p>\n<p><em><strong>This is the old C++17 Standard:</strong></em><br />\nThis version requires Authentication<br />\n2017-03-21: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/prot/14882fdis/n4660.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4660</a></p>\n<p><em><strong>The following all draft versions of the standard</strong></em>:<br />\nAll the following are freely downloadable<br />\n2017-03-21: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2017/n4659.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4659</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4659.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2017-02-06: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2017/n4640.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4640</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4640.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2016-11-28: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2016/n4618.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4618</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4618.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2016-07-12: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2016/n4606.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4606</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4606.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2016-05-30: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2016/n4594.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4594</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4594.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2016-03-19: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2016/n4582.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4582</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4582.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2015-11-09: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2015/n4567.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4567</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4567.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2015-05-22: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2015/n4527.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4527</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4527.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2015-04-10: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2015/n4431.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4431</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4431.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2014-11-19: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2014/n4296.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4296</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4296.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a></p>\n<p><em><strong>This is the old C++14 standard</strong></em>:<br />\nThese version requires Authentication<br />\n2014-10-07: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/prot/14882fdis/n4140.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4140</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/n4140.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a> Essentially C++14 with minor errors and typos corrected<br />\n2014-09-02: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/prot/14882fdis/n4141.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N4141</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/tree/n4141" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a> Standard C++14<br />\n2014-03-02: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/prot/14882fdis/n3937.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N3937</a><br />\n2014-03-02: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/prot/14882fdis/n3936.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N3936</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/b7b8ed08ba4c111ad03e13e8524a1b746cb74ec6/papers/N3936.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a></p>\n<p><em><strong>The following all draft versions of the standard</strong></em>:<br />\nAll the following are freely downloadable<br />\n2013-10-13: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2013/n3797.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N3797</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/blob/master/papers/N3797.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a><br />\n2013-05-16: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2013/n3691.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N3691</a><br />\n2013-05-15: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2013/n3690.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N3690</a><br />\n2012-11-02: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2012/n3485.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N3485</a><br />\n2012-02-28: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2012/n3376.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N3376</a><br />\n2012-01-16: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2012/n3337.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N3337</a> <a href="https://github.com/cplusplus/draft/tree/n3337" rel="nofollow noreferrer">git</a> Essentially C++11 with minor errors and typos corrected</p>\n<p><em><strong>This is the old C++11 Standard</strong></em>:<br />\nThis version requires Authentication<br />\n2011-04-05: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/prot/14882fdis/n3291.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N3291</a></p>\n<p><em><strong>The following all draft versions of the standard</strong></em>:<br />\nAll the following are freely downloadable<br />\n2011-02-28: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2011/n3242.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N3242</a>  (differences from N3291 very minor)<br />\n2010-11-27: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2010/n3225.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N3225</a><br />\n2010-08-21: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2010/n3126.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N3126</a><br />\n2010-03-29: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2010/n3090.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N3090</a><br />\n2010-02-16: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2010/n3035.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N3035</a><br />\n2009-11-09: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2009/n3000.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N3000</a><br />\n2009-09-25: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2009/n2960.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N2960</a><br />\n2009-06-22: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2009/n2914.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N2914</a><br />\n2009-03-23: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2009/n2857.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N2857</a><br />\n2008-10-04: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2798.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N2798</a><br />\n2008-08-25: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2723.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N2723</a><br />\n2008-06-27: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2691.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N2691</a><br />\n2008-05-19: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2606.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N2606</a><br />\n2008-03-17: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2588.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N2588</a><br />\n2008-02-04: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2521.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N2521</a><br />\n2007-10-22: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2461.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N2461</a><br />\n2007-08-06: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2369.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N2369</a><br />\n2007-06-25: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2315.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N2315</a><br />\n2007-05-07: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2284.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N2284</a><br />\n2006-11-03: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2006/n2134.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N2134</a><br />\n2006-04-21: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2006/n2009.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N2009</a><br />\n2005-10-19: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2005/n1905.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N1905</a><br />\n2005-04-27: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2005/n1804.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N1804</a></p>\n<p><strong>This is the old C++03 Standard:</strong><br />\nAll the below versions require Authentication<br />\n2004-11-05: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/prot/14882fdis/n1733.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N1733</a><br />\n2004-07-16: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/prot/14882fdis/n1655.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N1655</a> Unofficial<br />\n2004-02-07: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/prot/14882fdis/n1577.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N1577</a> C++03 (Or Very Close)<br />\n2001-09-13: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2001/n1316" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N1316</a> Draft Expanded Technical Corrigendum<br />\n1997-00-00: N1117   Draft Expanded Technical Corrigendum</p>\n<p><em><strong>The following all draft versions of the standard</strong></em>:<br />\nAll the following are freely downloadable<br />\n1996-00-00: <a href="http://www.open-std.org/Jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/1996/N0836.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">N0836</a>  Draft Expanded Technical Corrigendum<br />\n1995-00-00: N0785 Working Paper for Draft Proposed International Standard for Information Systems - Programming Language C++</p>\n<h3>Other Interesting Papers:</h3>\n<p><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2022/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">2022</a> /\n<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2021/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">2021</a> /\n<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2020/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">2020</a> /\n<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2019/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">2019</a> /\n<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2018/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">2018</a> /\n<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2017/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">2017</a> /\n<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2016/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">2016</a> /\n<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2015/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">2015</a> /\n<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2014/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">2014</a> /\n<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2013/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">2013</a> /\n<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2012/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">2012</a> /\n<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2011/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">2011</a></p>\n'}, {'answer_id': 10464974, 'author': 'user1055604', 'author_id': 1055604, 'author_profile': 'https://Stackoverflow.com/users/1055604', 'pm_score': 5, 'selected': False, 'text': '<p><strong>Draft Links:</strong></p>\n<p>C++11 (+editorial fixes): N3337 <a href="https://timsong-cpp.github.io/cppwp/n3337/" rel="noreferrer">HTML</a>, <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2012/n3337.pdf" rel="noreferrer">PDF</a></p>\n<p>C++14 (+editorial fixes): N4140 <a href="https://timsong-cpp.github.io/cppwp/n4140/" rel="noreferrer">HTML</a>, <a href="https://timsong-cpp.github.io/cppwp/n4140/draft.pdf" rel="noreferrer">PDF</a></p>\n<p>C11 <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1570.pdf" rel="noreferrer">N1570</a> (<a href="http://www.iso-9899.info/n1570.html" rel="noreferrer">text</a>)</p>\n<p>C99 <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1256.pdf" rel="noreferrer">N1256</a></p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><a href="http://clc-wiki.net/wiki/c_standard#Drafts" rel="noreferrer">Drafts</a> of the Standard are circulated for comment prior to ratification and publication.</p>\n<p><a href="http://herbsutter.com/2010/03/03/where-can-you-get-the-iso-c-standard-and-what-does-open-standard-mean/" rel="noreferrer">Note</a> that a working draft is not the standard currently in force, and it is not exactly the published standard</p>\n</blockquote>\n'}, {'answer_id': 18282656, 'author': 'jxh', 'author_id': 315052, 'author_profile': 'https://Stackoverflow.com/users/315052', 'pm_score': 3, 'selected': False, 'text': '<p>The text of a <a href="http://www.bsb.me.uk/ansi-c/ansi-c-one-file" rel="nofollow noreferrer">draft of the ANSI C standard</a> (aka C.89) is available online. This was standardized by the ANSI committee prior to acceptance by the ISO C Standard (C.90), so the numbering of the sections differ (ANSI sections 2 through 4 correspond roughly to ISO sections 5 through 7), although the content is (supposed to be) largely identical. </p>\n'}, {'answer_id': 27359265, 'author': 'Community', 'author_id': -1, 'author_profile': 'https://Stackoverflow.com/users/-1', 'pm_score': 1, 'selected': False, 'text': '<p>Although not an actual standard, there is an amendment to ISO C (C89/90) called C94/95, or Normative Addendum 1. It was integrated into C99, although some compilers such as <a href="http://clang.llvm.org/docs/UsersManual.html" rel="nofollow">Clang</a> allow you to specifiy <code>-std=c94</code> on the command line. ISO/IEC 9899:1990/Amd 1:1995 can be purchased for a hefty price from <a href="http://infostore.saiglobal.com/store/Details.aspx?DocN=isoc000767513" rel="nofollow"><strong>SAI GLOBAL</strong></a> (PDF or hard copy).</p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href="http://clc-wiki.net/wiki/The_C_Standard" rel="nofollow">http://clc-wiki.net/wiki/The_C_Standard</a></li>\n</ul>\n\n<p>A summary of the document can be found <a href="http://www.lysator.liu.se/c/na1.html" rel="nofollow">here</a>.</p>\n\n<blockquote>\n  <p>When the (then draft) ANSI C Standard was being considered for\n  adoption of an International Standard in 1990, there were several\n  objections because it didn\'t address internationalization issues. \n  Because the Standard had already been several years in the making, it\n  was agreed that a few changes would be made to provide the basis (for\n  example, the functions in subclause 7.10.7 were added), and work would\n  be carried out separately to provide proper internationalization of\n  the Standard.  This work has culminated in Normative Addendum 1.</p>\n  \n  <p>Normative Addendum 1 embodies C\'s reaction to both the limitations and\n  promises of international character sets.  Digraphs and the \n  header were meant to improve the appearance of C programs written in\n  national variants of ISO 646 without, e.g., { or } characters.  On the\n  other end of the spectrum, the facilities connected to  and\n   extend the old Standard\'s barely adequate basis into a\n  complete and consistent set of utilities for handling wide characters\n  and multibyte strings.</p>\n  \n  <p>This document summarizes Normative Addendum 1.  It is intended to\n  quickly inform readers who are already familiar with the Standard; it\n  does not, and cannot, introduce the complex subject matter behind NA1,\n  nor can it replace the original document as a reference manual. \n  (Nevertheless, it tries to be as accurate as possible, and its author\n  would like to hear about any errors or omissions.)</p>\n</blockquote>\n\n<ul>\n<li><a href="http://www.lysator.liu.se/c/na1.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.lysator.liu.se/c/na1.html</a></li>\n</ul>\n'}]
['https://Stackoverflow.com/questions/81656', 'https://Stackoverflow.com', 'https://Stackoverflow.com/users/15514/']