anchor.diff:  
     In this guide, the application and its tests are based on the [setup instructions](setup.html "Setup").
     For a discussion of the unit testing setup files, [see below](#setup-files).
  +  
  +  本章中，该应用及其测试都是基于[环境设置步骤](setup.html "Setup")的。
  +  对单元测试的环境设置文件的讨论，[参见后面](#setup-files)。
   
   a#isolated-v-testing-utilities
   :marked
     ### Isolated unit tests vs. the Angular testing utilites
  +  
  +  ### 独立单元测试 vs. Angular测试工具集
   
     [Isolated unit tests](#isolated-unit-tests "Unit testing without the Angular testing utilities")
     examine an instance of a class all by itself without any dependence on Angular or any injected values.
  
positive.code: 
      [使用`NO\_ERRORS\_SCHEMA`进行 "浅组件测试" ](#shallow-component-test)
  
    <br><br>
    * [Test an attribute directive](#attribute-directive)
  
      [测试属性型指令](#attribute-directive)
  
    <br><br>
    * [Isolated unit tests](#isolated-unit-tests "Unit testing without the Angular testing utilities")
  
      [独立的单元测试](#isolated-unit-tests "不使用Angular测试工具集的单元测试方式")
  
  
      * [Services](#isolated-service-tests)
      
  
negative.code: 
      [测试带有外部模板的组件](#component-with-external-template)
  
      * [The first asynchronous _beforeEach_](#async-in-before-each)
  
        [第一处异步代码：_beforeEach_](#async-in-before-each)
  