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Actress and left-wing activist Jane Fonda poured praise on former San Francisco 49ers quarterback Colin Kaepernick Sunday night at the ACLU of Southern California’s annual Bill of Rights Dinner. ... Kaepernick became the face of what many football fans considered an anti-American demonstration when he began to take a knee during the playing of the National Anthem before the start of NFL games ... Fonda, of course, became the face of opposition to the Vietnam War in 1972 when she visit to North Vietnam at the height of the war, earning the nickname “Hanoi Jane” and infamously denounced American soldiers... ANALYSIS/OPINION: By Oliver North October 16, 2017 Richard Nixon kept his promises, Ken Burns did not When Richard Nixon was in the White House, I was in Vietnam and he was my commander in chief. When I was on Ronald Reagan’s National Security Council staff, I had the opportunity to brief former President Nixon on numerous occasions and came to admire his analysis of current events, insights on world affairs and compassion for our troops. His preparation for any meeting or discussion was exhaustive. His thirst for information was unquenchable and his tolerance for fools was nonexistent. Mr. Nixon’s... “An essay published in Newsweek, The Washington Spectator and at least one other website argues that a flag honoring U.S. troops who have been captured or gone missing is actually ‘racist’ and deserves to be treated with the same hostility as the Confederate flag. ‘You know that racist flag?’ writes Rick Perlstein. ‘The one that supposedly honors history but actually spreads a pernicious myth? And is useful only to venal right-wing politicians who wish to exploit hatred by calling it heritage? It’s past time to pull it down.’ No, Perlstein isn’t talking about the Confederate flag, but actually the POW/MIA... Jane Fonda said she hoped for an open dialogue with veterans after about 50 former military members and supporters protested the actress’s appearance Friday evening at the Weinberg Center for the Arts. “Whenever possible I try to sit down with vets and talk with them, because I understand and it makes me sad,” Fonda told a relatively full theater, responding to a submitted question. “It hurts me and it will to my grave that I made a huge, huge mistake that made a lot of people think I was against the soldiers.” In 1972 Fonda visited Hanoi, North Vietnam, where... A U.S. Justice Department document that says America can legally order the killing of its citizens if they are believed to be al-Qaida leaders uses the devastating and illegal bombing of Cambodia in the 1960s and ’70s to help make its case. American broadcaster NBC News first reported on the “white paper”—a summary of classified memos by the U.S. Justice Department’s Office of Legal Council—on Monday. The 16-page paper makes a legal case for the U.S. government’s highly controversial use of unmanned drones to kill suspected terrorists, including some U.S. citizens. In making its argument, the document brings up the... memory hole reminder The first documentary evidence that Vietnamese communists were directly steering John Kerry’s group Vietnam Veterans Against the War has been discovered in a U.S. archive, according to a researcher who spoke with WorldNetDaily. Read more at http://www.wnd.com/2004/10/27207/#615wufvA5oZXKuWK.99 N. Korea's participation in Vietnam War specified in new dossier By Lee Chi-dong WASHINGTON, Dec. 4 (Yonhap) -- North Korea dispatched dozens of pilots to the Vietnam War decades ago, with its communist ally short of specialists to operate MiG-17 and MiG-21 fighter jets in battles against the United States, according to a recently released dossier. "On 21 September 1966 an official North Korean request to be allowed to send a North Korean Air Force regiment to help defend North Vietnam against U.S air attacks was officially reviewed and approved by the Vietnamese Communist Party's Central Military Party Committee, chaired... It should be obvious to anyone familiar with the venomous UN speech just delivered by Palestinian Authority leader Mahmoud Abbas, calling for Palestinian statehood, that the so-called two state solution is dead. The idea of two states was first proposed to a delegation of PLO terrorists visiting North Vietnam in 1973 according to recently de-classified Soviet era documents. Abu Iyad, a member of that delegation visiting Hanoi, wrote in his memoir "Palestinian without a Motherland," that the North Vietnamese suggested that the PLO "stop talking about annihilating Israel and instead turn your terror war into a struggle for human rights…Then... When Hornets Growl The new, supersonic face of e-warfare. By D.C. Agle Air & Space Magazine, March 01, 2011 No soft underbelly here: The EA-18G Growler hauls missiles, fuel tanks, and electronic warfare pods. Ted Carlson/Fotodynamics Two hours north of Seattle, Washington, at the eastern end of the Strait of Juan de Fuca, the entrance to Puget Sound is guarded by a citadel dedicated to the aerial mastery and manipulation of one of the universe’s fundamental particles—the electron. The site, Naval Air Station Whidbey Island, was originally envisioned as little more than a waypoint for patrol aircraft scanning the Sound... "South Vietnam" ceased to exist in 1975 when the US Senate, led by Rep. Jackson Lee's Democratic Party, refused to provide aid and support to the government as tanks from North Vietnam rolled into Saigon. Sarah Palin has accused presidential candidate Barack Obama of "palling around" with terrorists - referring to his acquaintance with a former member of the Weather Underground. So who were the Weather Underground? Embroiled in an unpopular war in Vietnam, with many of the grievances of the civil-rights movement still unanswered, the US government was facing widespread protests in the late 1960s. Often those who rebelled were rich in idealism but unable or unwilling to take concrete action. On 8 October 1969, all that changed. A newly-formed group of left-wing extremists, dubbed the Weathermen, went on the rampage in a well-planned... Brainchild of the KGB As Ion Mihai Pacepa, onetime director of the Romanian espionage service (DIE), later explained, the PLO was conceived at a time when the KGB was creating “liberation front” organizations throughout the Third world. Others included the National Liberation Army of Bolivia, created in 1964 with help from Ernesto “Che” Guevara, and the National Liberation Army of Colombia, created in 1965 with help from Fidel Castro. But the PLO was the KGB’s most enduring achievement. In 1964, the first PLO Council, consisting of 422 Palestinian representatives handpicked by the KGB, approved the Soviet blueprint for a Palestinian... Vietnamese leader Nong Duc Manh was on his way home last Monday after a three-day visit to Cuba that featured a meeting with ailing President Fidel Castro and a joint oil-exploration agreement. Cuba was the final stop of his nine-day visit to Latin America, which also included Chile, Brazil and Venezuela. Beside visiting with Cuba’s interim president, Raul Castro, who took over after his brother had gastrointestinal surgery in late July of last year, Manh also met with Vice-President Ricardo Lage. But it was an unannounced two-hour meeting early Sunday with Fidel Castro, 80, at the hospital where he is... Globalization: Venezuela's Hugo Chavez is having a grand time cavorting around the world on his Axis Of Evil tour. But we notice he's disgusting as many countries as he's wooing. Vietnam is the most interesting. Chavez blew into Hanoi on Monday and right away began praising Vietnam's government in exactly the way it didn't want: by hailing communism. "Vietnam, with its valor, defeated imperialism not only on the battlefield, but also has maintained socialism in the ideological arena," the South American dictator intoned. Uh-huh. To Vietnam's officials, who've been trying diligently to integrate their nation into the world economy, that's... The Legacy of Tet By J.R.DunnDecember 20th, 2005 It was with Tet '68 that the American media first knew sin. Anyone seeking to understand the character of consistently negative media coverage of the Global War on Terror must understand Tet. The Tet offensive of February 1968 is widely regarded as one of the turning points of the Vietnam War – though not for the customary military reasons. Tet had its origins in the plans of North Vietnamese commander Vo Nguyen Giap, a competent general given to flights of overconfidence. Giap decided to throw all available assets, both PAVN (People's Army... Last week, John Walker Lindh petitioned the president to commute his 20-year sentence for fighting with the Taliban, imposed in 2002. It’s a shame that this pampered child of Marin County is sitting in a cell for something as trivial as treason. Under a plea bargain, Walker Lindh (AKA: Abdul Hamid, AKA: Sulayman Al-Lindh) pleaded guilty to supplying services to the Taliban regime and carrying explosives for Afghanistan’s former rulers.Which is like to saying that Benedict Arnold supplied services to George III. Johnny Jihad trained in an al-Qaeda camp – where he learned to fire an AK-47 and rubbed elbows... Lord, Keep our Troops forever in Your care Give them victory over the enemy... Grant them a safe and swift return... Bless those who mourn the lost. . FReepers from the Foxhole join in prayer for all those serving their country at this time. .................................................................. .................... ........................................... U.S. Military History, Current Events and Veterans Issues Where Duty, Honor and Countryare acknowledged, affirmed and commemorated. Our Mission: The FReeper Foxhole is dedicated to Veterans of our Nation's military forces and to others who are affected in their relationships with Veterans. In the FReeper Foxhole, Veterans or their family members should... An American Traitor: Guilty As Charged By Henry Mark Holzer and Erika HolzerFrontPageMagazine.com | June 10, 2005For three decades Jane Fonda obfuscated, distorted and lied about virtually everything connected with her wartime trip to North Vietnam: her motive, her acts, her intent, and her contribution to the Communists’ war effort. With the aid of clever handlers, she so successfully suppressed and spun her conduct in Hanoi that many Americans didn’t know what she had done there, and, more important, the legal significance. Three years ago, our book, “Aid and Comfort”: Jane Fonda in North Vietnam (McFarland & Co.), laid bare... MIDI - THE TWELFTH OF NEVER You're asking for forgiveness for things you've done But there's no way that you will be fooling anyone Your pictures with the commies are for all time There will be no forgiveness...Jane Fonda, you are slime Rot in hell...Fonda, rot in hell We don't believe phony words you try to sell We know that as an actress you cry on cue To get us to believe you, there's nothing you can do Your pictures with the commies are for all time There will be no forgiveness...Jane Fonda, you are slime There can be... | Mid | [
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Introduction {#s1} ============ Together, poor drinking water quality, sanitation, hygiene (WASH) and nutrition are leading risk factors for morbidity and mortality among children \<5 years.[@R1] Despite substantive progress spurred by the millennium development goals to reduce these poverty-related risks, millions of children are born each year into environmental conditions that hinder their ability to achieve their full potential. Repeated insults from infection and undernutrition in the first years of life are believed to have profound negative consequences on health, cognitive development and human capital that span the life course.[@R2; @R3; @R4] The WASH Benefits study includes cluster randomised trials in Bangladesh and Kenya to address three important research questions related to the early life impacts of WASH and nutritional interventions. The first question is whether WASH and nutritional interventions can prevent linear growth faltering in the first 2 years of life. The second is whether greater reductions in diarrhoea can be achieved by combining individual WASH interventions compared to delivering them in isolation. The third is whether the combined WASH and nutritional interventions jointly reduce diarrhoea or improve linear growth more than each component alone. Below, we briefly summarise the rationale for the conduct of randomised trials to address each of these areas of scientific uncertainty. Question 1: Can WASH and nutritional interventions prevent early life linear growth faltering? {#s1a} ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Children in low-income countries experience severe linear growth faltering in the first 18--24 months of life that is thought to be preventable, at least in part, by postnatal interventions.[@R5] [@R6] Interventions designed to improve nutrition among very young children measure length for age because it is a reliable, objective measure associated with subsequent child development at older ages.[@R7] During this early window, undernutrition and infection likely influence child development and human capital through additional pathways besides linear growth.[@R8; @R9; @R10] Unfortunately, measuring child development at very young ages is difficult[@R11] and documenting the full range of intervention impact thus requires longer term follow-up.[@R4] In the first years of life, intervention trials and observational studies have implicated poor diet and infectious diseases as likely causes for a large share of child undernutrition.[@R8] [@R12] [@R13] Interventions to promote breastfeeding, improve complementary feeding practices, or provide nutritional supplements can lead to small improvements in nutritional indicators and length for age,[@R14; @R15; @R16] particularly among children who are at highest risk for severe stunting.[@R17] [@R18] Nevertheless, effects of nutritional interventions on linear growth (upper bound of 95% CI +0.79 Z-scores)[@R19] fall far short of the median growth deficits observed in Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia, which are on the order of --2.0 Z-scores.[@R6] One hypothesis for the inability of nutritional interventions alone to prevent a large share of growth faltering by age 24 months is that symptomatic and asymptomatic infections are important contributors to undernutrition. Symptomatic infection is common during the first years of life in low-income countries: on average, children under 24 months suffer from three to four episodes of acute diarrhoea each year[@R20]; respiratory infections and other infectious diseases, such as malaria, are also common in many settings. Observational studies show that repeated episodes of diarrhoea or parasitic infection are associated with increased risk of stunting[@R8] [@R21; @R22; @R23; @R24; @R25; @R26; @R27] and subsequent cognitive deficits in childhood and later in life.[@R4] [@R28] [@R29] Possible mechanisms for enteric infections leading to growth faltering include reduced nutrient absorption through lower intestinal contact time during episodes of acute diarrhoea, greater nutrient losses from persistent diarrhoea (eg, zinc) or intestinal bleeding (eg, hookworm infection), reduced appetite, and diversion of energy and nutrients from growth to the immune system to fight the infection. In addition to symptomatic infection, a subclinical condition called environmental enteropathy (EE), also known as tropical enteropathy, may also contribute to early life growth faltering.[@R30; @R31; @R32] The aetiology of EE remains unknown, but the condition is generally characterised by a set of physiological changes to the small intestine\'s epithelial layer, which include villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, reduced absorptive capacity, increased permeability and inflammatory cell infiltration.[@R33] The causes are most likely related to repeated ingestion of pathogenic bacteria and an altered composition of the intestinal microbiota, which together lead to chronic enteric inflammation.[@R32] Children with EE are believed to have impaired growth through two mechanisms: (1) reduced nutrient absorption due to decreased surface area in the small (upper) intestine and (2) elevated intestinal permeability, which increases translocation of antigenic molecules that stimulate the immune system and divert energy from growth. The combined effect of these two processes may impair a child\'s ability to effectively utilise nutrients in the existing diet for growth and development. EE is thought to be highly prevalent in low-income countries[@R34] and develops early in life: by age 8 months, 95% of a birth cohort in the Gambia showed signs of EE and on average children in the cohort exhibited signs of EE during 75% of their first year of life.[@R31] Studies of Peace Corps volunteers and immigrant populations have demonstrated that intestinal malabsorption and permeability typically return to normal levels within 1--2 years after individuals move from highly contaminated environments to cleaner environments.[@R35] [@R36] Since community-based studies that measure intestinal structure through biopsies would be extremely difficult, investigators typically rely on biomarkers of intestinal permeability, inflammation and immune system stimulation as measures of subclinical EE.[@R31] [@R37] [@R38] It is possible that improved nutrition alone can reduce the negative effects of a limited number of episodes of infection on growth due to the improved ability of better-nourished children to fight off enteric infections and exhibit catch-up growth during the convalescent period.[@R21] [@R28] [@R39; @R40; @R41; @R42] Effective nutritional interventions may be able to prevent or shorten the duration of EE via several mechanisms, such as (1) strengthening epithelial barrier integrity and the immune response; (2) compensating for malabsorption, reallocation or losses of key nutrients during infection; (3) accelerating gut repair following infection; and (4) favouring the growth of beneficial gut microorganisms.[@R39] While it is possible that nutritional interventions alone may prevent or shorten the duration of EE, the limited evidence to date has been mixed,[@R33] with some evidence for improvements in gut function following vitamin A,[@R43] alanyl-glutamine supplementation[@R44] and zinc supplementation,[@R45] [@R46] but there is no evidence for gut function improvement in trials that delivered probiotics,[@R47] glutamine supplementation,[@R48] omega-3 fatty acids[@R49] or richly fortified complementary foods.[@R50] As noted above, in many studies nutritional interventions have been insufficient to completely prevent growth faltering in low-income populations and in the context of repeated or chronic infection, improved nutrition may only be able to mitigate---but not necessarily overcome---some of the effects of enteric infection on growth. If acute infections and subclinical EE contribute significantly to growth faltering, then interventions to reduce enteric infections during the first years of life would be expected to improve linear growth, perhaps independent of nutritional interventions. Unlike the large literature on child nutritional interventions, we are aware of only 10 studies that measure the effect of WASH interventions on child growth; a forthcoming systematic review[@R51] may perhaps identify more. Four studies have found no improvement in linear growth as a result of WASH interventions, despite demonstrating reductions in caregiver-reported diarrhoea in most cases.[@R9] [@R52; @R53; @R54; @R55; @R56] A small randomised trial that enrolled children \<12 months and delivered handwashing promotion in Kathmandu slums additionally found no improvements in EE biomarkers.[@R53] The authors hypothesised that handwashing alone was inadequate as sufficient protection from the slum environment to change intestinal physiology and suggested that more comprehensive environmental improvements may be necessary to reduce EE and improve growth. Six studies have found positive associations between improved WASH conditions and child growth. Multiple cross-sectional or case--control studies found that young children living in households with improved sanitation and water supply had better linear growth.[@R26] [@R57] [@R58] A prospective birth cohort study in periurban Peru found that children living in households with home water supply and sewerage connections were 1 cm taller by age 24 months compared with children in households without them, and the effects of water supply and sewerage conditions were not mediated entirely by reductions in diarrhoea.[@R59] A water quality intervention trial in rural Kenya found an average linear growth increase of 0.8 cm among children \<5 years old after 1 year of exposure.[@R60; @R61; @R62] A prospective cohort from rural Bangladesh enrolled in a pilot for this study found that children raised in households with improved sanitation, hygiene and water quality conditions had lower levels of parasite infection, better growth and improved EE biomarkers compared to children raised in households without such access.[@R63] A trial to assess the impact of rural sanitation on diarrhoea includes length for age as a secondary outcome but is still underway.[@R64] Taken together, the mixed evidence to date does not conclusively link improved WASH conditions with improved child growth and the field would benefit from additional efficacy studies. Question 2: Are combined WASH interventions more effective than single interventions? {#s1b} ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- In addition to quantifying the independent effects of WASH interventions, an important question is whether and how to combine sanitation, water quality and handwashing promotion interventions to cost-effectively achieve health gains. Many implementing groups have publicly embraced the notion that combining interventions to improve water quantity, water quality, sanitation, and hygiene results in added benefits. This claim is based, in part, on observational studies[@R26] [@R58] [@R65] [@R66] and theoretical modelling of pathogen transmission pathways.[@R67] [@R68] However, the limited available evidence from randomised trials does not support this approach. In the only randomised controlled trial specifically designed to evaluate combined interventions, the two interventions evaluated were point-of-use water treatment and handwashing promotion with soap; individually, each intervention reduced child diarrhoea (51% and 64% reduction), but there was no additional reduction in diarrhoea among children exposed to both interventions (55% reduction).[@R54] These findings are consistent with the results of a meta-analysis of published interventions to improve WASH, which found that combined interventions led to no greater reduction in diarrhoeal disease than single interventions.[@R69] For WASH programmes, single interventions are less expensive and easier to scale than combined interventions. By complicating communication and behaviour change, combined interventions can potentially diminish the overall effect achievable from a single intervention.[@R70] Understanding the marginal benefits of sanitation, water treatment and handwashing in the absence and presence of each of the other interventions will, therefore, be important for policy-makers (1) when deciding overall budgets for sanitation, water and handwashing; and (2) when weighing the trade-offs between allocating resources to an intense, expensive approach combining multiple interventions in a single site, or choosing the most cost-effective interventions and rolling them out at scale. This same reasoning applies to our third research question. Question 3: Are there larger effects on diarrhoea or linear growth from combining (A) nutritional interventions with (B) a combined water, sanitation and handwashing intervention compared to each component alone? {#s1c} -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- In the 1960s, Scrimshaw *et al*[@R71] proposed a theory that repeated infections interact with poor nutrition to cause a cycle of infection and malnutrition. Consistent with this earlier work, McDade[@R72] outlined a life history theory of immune function in which he posited that infants face a resource allocation trade-off between maintenance (fighting infection and physiological repair) and growth. During infection, the immune system diverts energy and nutrients away from growth; a developing infant prioritises survival and maintenance over growth. When resources are limited, the absolute level of energy or nutrients available to infants can be a major determinant of growth and physiological repair. An impaired gut in a child without access to sufficient energy or nutrients will further suffer from impaired healing, with subsequent decline in gut function and nutrient absorption for growth; thus begins a vicious cycle between infection and malnutrition.[@R71] [@R73] [@R74] The potential contribution of infection to malnutrition and mortality risk was recently illustrated in a dramatic 35% reduction in all-cause mortality among severely malnourished Malawian children after the provision of prophylactic antibiotics.[@R75] Dewey and Mayers[@R39] reviewed the evidence for the potential interaction between nutrition and infection on early child growth. The review identified just one study that suggested that infections could reduce the effectiveness of nutritional interventions and four trials that demonstrated that improved nutrition could limit the negative consequences of infection. The authors concluded that the potential interaction between nutrition and infection control should be a priority for research, which echoes earlier calls for additional research in this area.[@R33] [@R34] The only study to date that we are aware of that was explicitly designed to test for interaction between infection control and improved nutrition was the Narangwal Nutrition Project, conducted in Punjab, India, between 1968 and 1973.[@R10] [@R76; @R77; @R78] The 10-village study (2900 newborns) was a factorial trial that randomised villages to control, improved medical services, improved nutrition or their combination. The nutrition intervention included growth monitoring, food supplementation for children who were not growing well and nutrition education. The medical care intervention improved access to vaccines and morbidity surveillance for acute illness. Both nutritional and medical service villages also received prenatal care for pregnant mothers, which included iron and folic acid supplements as well as food supplements for mothers who were underweight. The study found that the medical services intervention improved height and weight compared to control, and that the nutritional services intervention improved height and weight even more. The study found no additional benefit in combining nutrition and medical services above the nutritional services alone with respect to height and weight. Although international guidelines for infant and young child-feeding practices published by UNICEF, WHO and the Alive and Thrive initiative all include handwashing recommendations,[@R79; @R80; @R81] the degree to which additional infection control measures could complement nutrition programmes remains an important knowledge gap. Objectives of the WASH Benefits study {#s1d} ------------------------------------- Given the likely long-term negative consequences of undernutrition and infection during a child\'s first years, the global development community would benefit from rigorous evidence about the effects of single and combined WASH and nutritional interventions on child illness and growth. As outlined above, there remains substantial uncertainty about which interventions or combination of interventions are most effective. The WASH Benefits study includes two highly comparable cluster randomised trials in rural Bangladesh and Kenya to help fill these knowledge gaps. The intervention trials include single and combined interventions in sanitation, water quality, handwashing and nutrition. Each intervention has been developed over multiple years of formative research. The two trials share the following scientific objectives, which will contribute evidence towards the identified evidence gaps. Primary scientific objectives Measure the impact of sanitation, water quality, handwashing and nutrition interventions on child diarrhoea and linear growth after 2 years of exposure.Determine whether there are larger reductions in child diarrhoea when providing a combined water, sanitation and handwashing intervention compared to each component alone.Determine whether there are larger effects on child diarrhoea and linear growth from combining (A) a comprehensive child nutrition intervention with (B) a combined water, sanitation and handwashing intervention compared to each component alone. Secondary scientific objectives Measure the impact of a child nutritional intervention and household environmental interventions on EE biomarkers, and more clearly elucidate this potential pathway between environmental interventions and child growth and development.Measure the impact of sanitation, water quality, handwashing and nutritional interventions on intestinal parasitic infection prevalence and intensity.Measure the association between parasitic infection and other measures of enteric health, including acute diarrhoea and EE biomarkers. To achieve these objectives, the studies will enroll pregnant women and their children born within approximately 6 months of the baseline survey. The study will measure linear growth and caregiver-reported diarrhoea, biological markers of EE, intestinal parasite infections and child development in the cohort over the first 24 months of exposure to the intervention. Methods and analysis {#s2} ==================== Overview of the design {#s2a} ---------------------- The Bangladesh trial is led by the International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B); the Kenya trial is led by Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA) and the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI). Both trials include six intervention arms and a double-sized control arm ([figure 1](#BMJOPEN2013003476F1){ref-type="fig"}). In Bangladesh, the unit of randomisation is a group of compounds visited by a single local promoter and separated by at least a 15 min walk. Bangladesh clusters consist of eight proximate household compounds that meet our eligibility criteria within a village. In Kenya, clusters consist of one or two adjoining administrative villages with at least six eligible pregnant women. The studies enrol pregnant women and their children who are born within approximately 6 months of the baseline survey. We will follow the closed cohort longitudinally and measure primary outcomes at 12 and 24 months after initiating the intervention. {#BMJOPEN2013003476F1} The design includes a large number of clusters per arm with a small number of children per cluster, which was motivated by three, inter-related considerations: (1) WASH interventions need to be delivered at the cluster level because the promotion activities are inherently community level, (2) there are potential interactions between adjacent households with respect to behaviour and infectious disease and we wish to maintain independent units for randomisation, and (3) at the time our study enrols a cluster and initiates an intervention, pregnant women are relatively scarce. The large study population spread over a wide geographic area means that we will measure intervention effects over heterogeneous environmental conditions.[@R82] The design is optimised to measure group-level differences in our primary outcomes. The infrequent measurements in WASH Benefits will mean that we will not characterise infectious outcomes (eg, diarrhoea and parasitic infections) well for individual children if the outcomes vary temporally within children.[@R83] Participant eligibility criteria, study setting and enrolment strategy {#s2b} ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ### Participant eligibility criteria {#s2b1} In both countries, the trials enrol pregnant women identified in community-based surveys who expect to deliver in the 6 months following enrolment based on date of last menstruation. The study will enrol all children born in study clusters in the 6 months following the baseline survey (some target children will be born after 6 months due to inaccuracies in gestational age using reported date of last menstruation). Our target sample size of pregnant women at enrolment is 5760 in Bangladesh and 8000 in Kenya. The Kenya cohort will be larger because we expect to find more variation in child length for age than in Bangladesh (sample size details below). Within study compounds, the study enrols all children \<36 months at baseline to measure diarrhoea outcomes over the study period; the study measures diarrhoea outcomes in a wider age group because older children are still at high risk for diarrhoeal disease.[@R20] In both countries, compounds consist of multiple households (typically 3--10 in Bangladesh and 1--4 in Kenya), usually comprising blood relatives, who share a common courtyard. Compounds are eligible to participate if (1) they have a pregnant woman and (2) the woman plans to stay in the village for the next 12 months. The study excludes households who do not own their home to help mitigate attrition during follow-up. The Kenya trial excludes villages that have chlorine dispensers at water sources installed by programmes separate from the present study. In Bangladesh, the study excludes households who report high iron in their drinking water most of the year because pilot studies showed it was difficult to maintain the appropriate chlorine residual for continued disinfection in high-iron water. In cases in which the respondent is unsure about iron content, field staff check the water\'s chlorine demand using Aquatabs and a digital Hach Pocket Colorimeter II; if residual chlorine is below 0.2 mg/L after 30 min staff exclude the household. Within a study compound, the studies enrol pregnant women and children from the following age groups *Children in utero at enrolment (target children)*: all children born to enrolled mothers within approximately 6 months of the baseline survey.*Children 18--27 * *months old at enrolment (specimen collection)*: older children living in the compound and aged 18--27 months at enrolment will be eligible for stool and blood specimen collection. This age window reflects the age window of the target children at the final study measurement and serves as a baseline measure for the study population.*Children aged \<36 months at enrolment (diarrhoea)*: All children aged \<36 months living in the compound are eligible for caregiver-reported diarrhoea measurement.*Additional children born into study compounds after 6 months:* We will enrol children born into study compounds who are too young to meet our enrolment criteria (group 1, above), deliver interventions to them according to randomised assignment and measure anthropometry and diarrhoea at follow-up surveys. These additional enrolees will not be included in the primary analysis because very young children may not be exposed to intervention for sufficient amount of time to expect to see impact on our primary outcomes (particularly length for age). However, the additional young children will provide information (in exploratory analyses) about the effect of established interventions on very young infants. Field staff discuss the prospect for participation in the study with adults in each compound, including the mother/caregiver of the target infants. After providing time for discussion among the compound residents, a member of the field team seeks formal informed consent from pregnant women. ### Bangladesh setting and enrolment {#s2b2} The Bangladesh trial is located in Gazipur, Mymensingh and Tangail districts. These three districts are located in the floodplain of central Bangladesh where the majority of the rural population is engaged in agriculture. The majority of the population uses shallow tubewells for drinking water, which are known to be frequently contaminated with faecal indicator bacteria.[@R84] Enrolment commenced in June 2012. The study has enrolled compounds in communities that meet the following criteria. Located in a rural area.Drinking water with low levels of iron (\<1 mg/L on average) and arsenic (\<50µg/L on average) as documented in the collaborative assessments by the Government of Bangladesh and the British Geological Survey. Water chemistry eligibility criteria were used because pilot studies indicated that when iron or arsenic levels were high the chlorine demand for household water treatment was unpredictable.The Government of Bangladesh, international non-government organisations working in Bangladesh and local government authorities report that no major water, sanitation or focused nutrition programmes are currently operating or planned in the area in the next 2 years.Not located in haor areas (areas completely submerged during the monsoon season). Each study cluster includes a group of compounds with eight eligible pregnant women. The compounds within a cluster are located sufficiently closely together so that a single promoter can reach each of the participating compounds by walking. If the compounds were too dispersed for a promoter to reach all of them on foot, they will then not be enrolled in the study. More than one cluster could be enrolled in a single village but clusters within the same village need to be separated from each other by a minimum of 15 min walking distance. ### Kenya setting and enrolment {#s2b3} The Kenya trial is located in rural areas of 10 districts in Bungoma, Kakamega and Vihiga counties in the western part of the country. The region is populated mainly by subsistence farmers. Unimproved latrine coverage is high (at least 85%) and our pilot study in the region estimated that among children \<27 months old, 11% had diarrhoea in the preceding 2 days. Very few (\<5%) households have piped water and the majority of households report obtaining drinking water from sources, such as protected springs, where chlorination has previously been shown to be effective.[@R85] Enrolment commenced in November 2012. The study region contains over 2000 villages, from which study villages were selected to form clusters using the following criteria: Located in a rural area (defined as villages with \<25% residents living in rental houses, \<2 gas/petrol stations and \<10 shops);Not enrolled in ongoing WASH or nutrition programmes;Majority (\>80%) of households do not have access to piped water into the home;At least six eligible pregnant women in the cluster at baseline. Description of the interventions {#s2c} -------------------------------- ### Overview of the intervention approach and assumptions {#s2c1} The WASH Benefits study has focused on identifying and testing water, sanitation, handwashing and nutritional interventions that have strong potential to reduce infection and malnutrition during the first years of life. WASH Benefits is designed to measure intervention effects under conditions of high uptake in our target populations since our central hypotheses have not been tested rigorously in randomised studies. The enabling technologies and behavioural intervention packages were developed in the target populations over a 2-year period before the start of the trials. Details of the behaviour change theoretical frameworks and methods used in each country will be published in separate, forthcoming articles. Local promoters who are residents of the study villages deliver the interventions at the cluster level; each promoter completes at least 5 days of training and also attends refresher courses periodically throughout the study period. Promoters visit and counsel study compounds weekly in the early phase of intervention, with visits declining in frequency over time; we anticipate visits as infrequent as one per month after 1 year of intervention. The environmental interventions in this study focus on modifying the compound environment to reduce infant exposure to enteric pathogens. The interventions focus on compound-level modifications because we assume that the dominant transmission pathways for the infants in our study will be within the compound. Since we expect on average 8--10 household-compounds with eligible children per study cluster, we expect to intervene in a small fraction of each community. While point-of-use water quality, hygiene and nutrition interventions operate at a household level, some sanitation interventions may require wider coverage in a neighbourhood, community or other larger environment in order to effectively mitigate personal exposure. However, cost and logistical limitations prevented us from extending implementation beyond the compound. Furthermore, a pilot study suggested that the compound was a relevant unit of intervention for modifying infant exposure to environmental conditions.[@R63] ### Control {#s2c2} It is possible that the simple act of regular visits by intervention promoters could lead to improvements in the primary outcomes through unknown channels that are independent of WASH or nutrition interventions. The WASH Benefits team discussed this possibility extensively in the year preceding the trials and the teams agreed to pursue slightly different strategies in the two countries. The Bangladesh team concluded that their intervention behaviour change model is so tightly integrated into the enabling technology components that the effect of a visit is inseparable from the WASH and nutrition interventions themselves; moreover, it is fairly common for mothers in the study area to be visited by community promoters associated with other programmes. The control arm in Bangladesh will be a 'passive' control, meaning there is no promotion or intervention activity during the study. The Kenya team was more concerned about the possibility of the promotion visits leading to changes in behaviours not related to WASH or nutrition that could nonetheless affect the primary outcomes since promoter visits are atypical in the Kenyan study area. For this reason, the Kenya team decided to include promoters in their control arm and to add a simple activity across all arms of the study: monthly measurement of mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) or measuring the pregnant woman\'s belly circumference prior to the birth. The key assumption for the Kenya design is that whatever non-WASH-related or nutrition-related behaviour changes occur in the intervention arms will also occur in the control arm. The Kenya control arm promoters do not promote any WASH, or nutrition messages, and strictly engage in measuring child MUAC and mother belly circumference. In all arms, children \>6 months old with MUAC \<115 mm are classified as severely malnourished and are referred to treatment (details mentioned below in Referral guidelines). ### Water quality {#s2c3} The Bangladesh study delivers a 10 L, insulated water storage vessel and a free supply of chlorine tablets (Aquatabs brand, sodium dichloroisocyanurate) to enrolled households to improve the microbiological quality of their drinking water.[@R86] The Kenya study installs chlorine dispensers within the cluster boundary at public water sources used by study participants. All community members will be able to use the dispensers. After filling their water collection container (typically a 20 L plastic jerry can) at the source, users can place the container under the dispenser and turn a knob to release 3 mL of 1.25% sodium hypochlorite, an amount designed to yield 2 mL/L of free chlorine residual after 30 min for 20 L of water.[@R87] The Kenya study also includes community level promotion of dispenser use and all households in the study compound receive bottles of sodium hypochlorite (6 months' supply) to facilitate householders' water treatment during periods when they rely on rainwater harvesting (common during the rainy season) or if they use a water source in which a dispenser has not been installed. In both countries, the behaviour change strategies target the consistent provision of treated water to all children living in the household. ### Sanitation {#s2c4} Both the Bangladesh and Kenya studies include three enabling technologies in the compound-level sanitation intervention with the goals of reducing children\'s exposure to faeces in the household environment and increasing latrine use: (1) a locally developed sani-scoop dedicated to the removal of child and animal faeces from the compound,[@R88] (2) plastic child potties for children aged 6 months and older until they use the latrine and (3) a new or upgraded latrine for each household in the compound. In Bangladesh, latrines are upgraded to a dual pit latrine with a water seal and super structure. In Kenya, plastic latrine slabs that include a tightly fitting hole-cover are installed to improve existing latrines that have a mud or wood floor. Simple pit latrines (unlined pits with an earthen superstructure and the plastic slab) are constructed in the compounds of study participants who do not have access to a latrine. The behaviour change strategies in both countries target the use of the latrine for defaecation and the safe disposal of faeces by all households in the compound to prevent contact by young children. ### Handwashing {#s2c5} Both country studies install two handwashing stations for enrolled households: one near the latrine and one near the cooking area. In Bangladesh, handwashing stations include a locally made bucket with a tap fitting (40 L near the latrine and 16 L near the cooking area), a stool, a bowl and a bottle to dispense soapy water. In Kenya, handwashing stations are constructed from locally available materials and include a dual tippy-tap design with independent pedals attached to two 5 L jerry cans of clean water and soapy water.[@R89] In both countries the studies provide soap to families free of charge to replenish the handwashing stations. The behaviour change strategies of the intervention target handwashing with soapy water messaging at two critical times for caregivers: after defaecation/cleaning the child\'s anus and before food preparation.[@R90] Promoters frame the concept of handwashing as a nurturing behaviour facilitated by the ease and convenience of a nearby handwashing station.[@R91] ### Combined water+sanitation+handwashing {#s2c6} In both countries, the combined water+sanitation+handwashing (WSH) intervention integrates all intervention components from the water quality, sanitation and handwashing arms. Intervention promoters sequence the interventions so that they are not introduced at the same time. In Bangladesh, the interventions are delivered sequentially in the following order: sanitation, handwashing and water treatment, with a minimum of 21 days between each start date. In Kenya, all intervention technologies aside from latrine construction are provided at the same time but the behaviour change counselling is rolled out in the following sequence approximately spaced around 2 weeks apart: handwashing and basic water treatment, sanitation, in-depth water treatment. The provision of latrines can range from one to several weeks after the start of work in a cluster in Kenya. The behaviour change strategy emphasises the interconnected aspect of WASH and the need to practice all behaviours in order to benefit from them. ### Nutrition {#s2c7} In both countries, the nutrition intervention strategy targets age-appropriate behaviours (pregnancy to 24 months) including use of lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNSs; aged 6--24 months). The behaviour change counselling is modelled after the Guiding Principles for Complementary Feeding of the Breastfed Child,[@R80] the UNICEF Program Guide for Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices[@R81] and the Alive and Thrive initiative.[@R79] Target behaviours include (1) practice exclusive breastfeeding from birth to 6 months of age and introduce complementary foods at 6 months of age while continuing to breastfeed; (2) continue breast feeding as you did before receiving study-provided nutritional supplements; (3) provide your child micronutrient-rich foods, such as meat, fish, eggs, and vitamin A rich fruits and vegetables (adapted to locally available food examples); and (4) feed your child complementary foods at least 2--3 times per day when 6--8 months old and 3--4 times per day when 9--24 months old. When target children are between 6 and 24 months old, intervention promoters will deliver monthly supplies of LNS. The LNS used in the study is a next generation version of Nutributter.[@R92] Online supplementary appendix 1 includes the specific LNS formulation. LNS is administered daily using 10 g sachets that can be mixed into pre-prepared meals (eg, porridge) or consumed directly from the sachet; a child eats two sachets per day. LNS is intended to supplement---and not replace---breastfeeding and locally available complementary foods, by providing 118 kcal/day and including a broad suite of essential fatty acids and micronutrients at dosages appropriate for children in this age group.[@R92] It has an 18-month shelf life, does not spoil at high temperatures and costs as little as US\$0.08/day. Reported adherence has been 88% of days in controlled trials,[@R14] in part due to the ease of incorporating it into existing feeding routines. Breastfeeding is highly prevalent in both populations based on pilot studies and so we have focused on supplements that would not replace this essential source of nutrition.[@R93] [@R94] In Kenya, the trial will provide LNS to older, age-eligible siblings (6--24 months) living in study households to prevent potential sharing of LNS with older siblings. The Bangladesh trial will deliver LNS only to target children because older, age-eligible siblings are rare in the study population. ### Nutrition+combined WSH {#s2c8} In both countries, the nutrition+combined WSH arm will include the interventions delivered in the nutrition and combined WSH arms. The nutrition intervention is delivered in parallel with the WSH interventions according to the stage of pregnancy and age of the target child. ### Intervention monitoring {#s2c9} Given the importance of good uptake (also called take-up or compliance) for the success of the trial, it is essential for the team to have early and frequent feedback on intervention uptake. If an intervention has poor uptake, the team then needs to consider modifying or redoubling implementation efforts in that arm. To preserve external validity, each country team will document any adaptive changes used to modify the intervention. Investigators will be blinded to outcomes from the trial, so any adaptation to intervention will be based solely on information about intervention implementation and uptake. Both country teams have in place a detailed implementation monitoring system. One of the outputs from the monitoring system is a summary of whether the implementation has achieved a limited set of critical benchmarks (see online supplementary appendix 2); benchmarks are intended to flag serious problems in implementation. If any of the uptake measures falls below its critical benchmark, then a qualitative team will review the monitoring and process documentation in the low-performing area, visit the site of the low uptake, meet with intervention promoters, supervisors and study participants and troubleshoot the cause of the low uptake. Because the interventions have each been piloted and the pilots achieved these benchmarks of uptake, we expect that uptake below the benchmark will indicate a problem where the intervention was not implemented as planned, and the investigation will identify what additional training or other support is required to achieve high intervention uptake. Additional principles that we will follow with respect to adapting the interventions include: If we identify easily fixable problems in an intervention that we expect will improve uptake, then we will make the change uniformly in the study population.If we identify a problem in an intervention arm and devise a solution, the solution must be implemented in all clusters assigned to that intervention to ensure that we do not differentially modify the intervention on a subsample of the population.Since WASH Benefits is an efficacy trial, we will replace broken hardware in our study population.We will maintain a detailed record of the timing and scope of any changes to the interventions (if any). Outcomes {#s2d} -------- ### Primary outcomes {#s2d1} Primary outcomes include length-for-age Z-scores (LAZ) measured 24 months after intervention initiation in target children and diarrhoea prevalence in compound children \<36 months old at enrolment. Child age will be determined using birthdates verified when possible using vaccination cards. Following standard protocols for anthropometric outcomes measurement,[@R95] [@R96] pairs of trained anthropometrists will measure recumbent length (accurate to 0.1 cm) and weight without clothing (accurate to 0.1 kg) in triplicate. The median of the three measurements will be used in the analysis.[@R97] We will measure diarrhoea at baseline among children \<36 months old and again 12 and 24 months after intervention initiation using a definition of ≥3 loose or watery stools in 24 h or ≥1 stool with blood based on caregiver-reported symptoms[@R98]; we will use a 7-day recall period unless we find differential recall errors by the randomised group, in which case we will use a 2-day recall period.[@R99] [@R100] ### Secondary outcomes {#s2d2} Secondary outcomes include two additional measures of linear growth, child development measures and measures of EE. We will calculate differences between groups in LAZ at the 12-month measurement and stunting prevalence (LAZ\<--2) at the 24-month measurement. At the 24-month visit, we will measure child development in communication, gross motor and personal/social domains using the Extended Ages and Stages Questionnaire[@R11] [@R101]; the instrument has been adapted to each study population, relies on caregiver\'s report and has been used in many low-income countries.[@R102] We will compare groups for each domain independently and overall by summing scores across domains. In a subsample of up to 1500 children across four arms of each trial, we will measure EE biomarkers at 3, 12 and 24 months following intervention initiation ([figure 2](#BMJOPEN2013003476F2){ref-type="fig"}); assays planned include: urinary lactulose-to-mannitol ratio,[@R103] faecal myeloperoxidase,[@R104] faecal α-1-antitrypsin,[@R105] faecal neopterin[@R106] and plasma total IgG.[@R37] {#BMJOPEN2013003476F2} ### Additional outcomes {#s2d3} The study will collect stool specimens from seven target children per cluster at the 24-month visit and from an older child living in the compound ([figure 3](#BMJOPEN2013003476F3){ref-type="fig"}), and will test specimens for soil-transmitted helminths (*Ascaris lumbricoides*, *Trichuris trichiura*, hookworm) using the Kato-Katz method[@R107] and protozoans (*Giardia lamblia*, *Cryptosporidium parvum*, *Entamoeba histolytica*) using PCR methods (Bangladesh) and commercial ELISA kits (Kenya). Online supplementary appendix 3 includes a full list of tertiary outcomes. In a subsample of households in which the study measures EE biomarkers, we will also measure markers of environmental faecal contamination to help trace the causal path between the interventions and outcomes. Environmental contamination measures will include enumeration of faecal indicator bacteria (*Escherichia coli*) in household-stored drinking water, on child toy balls and child hand rinses. In addition, the study will collect quantitative measures of fly density at the latrine and the food preparation area. {#BMJOPEN2013003476F3} Referral guidelines {#s2e} ------------------- The study will refer participants for treatment at appropriate local government healthcare providers if we observe any of the three following outcomes: soy or nut allergies related to LNS, acute malnutrition and intestinal parasite infection (described below). ### Soy or nut allergies related to LNS {#s2e1} In the LNS arms, intervention promoters will recommend that caregivers stop using LNS and notify one of the study staff immediately should their child have any adverse reactions shortly after ingesting the supplement (such as vomiting, stomach pain, rash and breathing problems with wheezing). In the event of an adverse reaction, study staff will assess the child\'s condition and, if necessary, provide transport to the closest medical facility for treatment. ### Acute malnutrition {#s2e2} In the anthropometry and enteropathy assessment survey, children who are found to be acutely malnourished based on WHO/UNICEF criteria (severely wasted \[weight for length Z-score \<−3\] and/or bipedal oedema) will be referred to the appropriate existing treatment programmes in each country. In Kenya, where promoters measure MUAC each month for all target children, children \>6 months with MUAC \<115 mm will be considered severely malnourished and will be referred to treatment. ### Intestinal parasites {#s2e3} All children who provide a stool specimen in the 24-month survey will be offered deworming medication, which is consistent with national standards in both countries. Randomisation and blinding {#s2f} -------------------------- The trials will randomly allocate clusters to each intervention arm of the study in equal proportion along with a double-sized control arm. The randomisation is pair-matched by geography, with adjacent clusters randomised in blocks. The rationale for using geography to match the randomisation is that it is logistically feasible; it may add efficiency to our effect estimation if geography is strongly correlated with our outcomes and it will help ensure that the different arms are balanced with respect to characteristics and events that are spatially clustered. In Bangladesh, the trial will randomise groups of eight geographically proximate clusters to one of the six intervention arms or the double-sized control arm with allocation probabilities of 2/8 for control and 1/8 for each intervention arm. In Kenya, the randomisation is identical but includes nine proximate clusters in each block with allocation probabilities of 2/9 for active control, 1/9 for each intervention arm and 1/9 for a potential passive control (not yet funded). Clusters allocated to a passive control arm in Kenya will enable the study to measure the effect of regular visits to the study\'s active control arm, if any, pending future funding. The randomisation sequence generation and allocation for both trials will be conducted by the coordinating team at the University of California, Berkeley, using a random number generator in Stata V.12 (StataCorp, College Station, Texas, USA) with a reproducible seed. Owing to the nature of the interventions, participants are not blinded to their treatment assignment. Principal investigators and primary analysts for the trial will remain blinded to the randomised group assignments until the primary analysis is complete. Cluster-level assignments will be under control of each country\'s lead data manager in separate data files that are independent from the main datasets of the study. Access to the treatment assignment information (even if blinded), will be limited to the core analysis team in each country until the primary results are published. Sample size {#s2g} ----------- The sample size calculations were based on the two primary outcomes: LAZ and caregiver-reported diarrhoea. We calculated the minimum detectable effect for LAZ measured at 2 years using a standard equation[@R108] and for diarrhoea using a simulation-based approach to accommodate two levels of correlation in the outcome (within child and within cluster).[@R109] To inform our sample size calculations we used existing datasets from relevant populations. In Bangladesh, we used diarrhoea and anthropometric measurements from 982 children \<36 months, collected from 100 rural villages between 2007 and 2009.[@R110] In Kenya, we conducted the sample size calculations using diarrhoea data, collected from 1704 children in 95 control villages enrolled in a cluster-randomised trial of spring protection conducted in Western Province between 2005 and 2007[@R85]; we also conducted the sample size calculation with LAZ measurements from 310 children 4--30 months old in a pilot study in our study region. We selected final designs in each country to detect differences of +0.15 in LAZ and a relative risk of diarrhoea of 0.7 or smaller for a comparison of any intervention with the double-sized control arm. We chose the effect size for LAZ based on our team\'s expert opinion of the smallest effect that would be biologically meaningful and measurable given measurement error in field conditions (+0.15 Z equals 0.48 cm in a 24-month-old girl). We chose the effect size for diarrhoea based on earlier WASH efficacy studies.[@R111] The control arm is double sized because it will be used in multiple hypothesis tests and, given available information, a 2:1 allocation ratio is close to the optimal allocation that minimises the variance for the six tests planned under our first hypothesis, below.[@R112] [@R113] Online supplementary appendix 4 includes the detailed assumptions used in the calculations. Analysis plan {#s2h} ------------- ### General analysis approach {#s2h1} Each study team will develop its own analysis plan, but both teams will include in their analyses unadjusted means and SDs by randomised groups, along with unadjusted comparisons between groups for the primary hypotheses.[@R114] [@R115] We will also re-estimate our parameters of interest in adjusted analyses (details below). We will produce public replication files for our primary analyses in both countries. We will analyse participants according to their randomised assignment (intention to treat). ### Parameters of interest {#s2h2} This section discusses parameters of interest for the primary analyses. Let Y be an outcome of interest and let T index the randomised group assignment, where T∈ (C, W, S, H, WSH, N, NWSH). There are seven arms: C control; W water; S sanitation; H handwashing; WSH; N nutrition supplement; and NWSH nutrition plus combined WSH. Let Z be a set of indicators for matched blocks used in the randomisation. Finally, let ψ denote parameters of interest. In each comparison below, we define ψ as a difference between various randomised groups. For dichotomous outcomes like diarrhoea, this implies a risk difference. We will additionally report risk ratios for dichotomous outcomes as recommended by CONSORT.[@R114] H1: water, sanitation, handwashing, nutrition and their combination reduce child diarrhoea and improve linear growth. The mean outcomes in each active intervention arm will be compared to the mean outcomes in the control arm (6 comparisons per outcome). The null hypothesis is that there is no difference between intervention and control. The same control group (double sized) will be used in every comparison. The parameters of interest are the difference in means between the intervention groups and the control group. For t∈ (W, S, H, WSH, N, NWSH):H2: when delivered in combination, water, sanitation and handwashing interventions reduce child diarrhoea more than when delivered individually The combined arm (WSH) treatment effect for diarrhoea will be compared to individual WASH treatment effects to determine whether the combined effect is larger than the individual effects. The parameters of interest are the difference in means between the combined group and the individual intervention groups. For t∈ (W, S, H):Note that this parameter and associated test differs from a test for interaction (departure from additive effects). We expect this study to have limited power to detect interactions between interventions, but describe tests in online supplementary appendix 5. H3: combined nutrition and WASH interventions reduce diarrhoea and improve linear growth more than each component alone We will compare the combined nutrition + WASH arm (NWSH) treatment effects for growth to the nutrition arm (N) and the combined WASH arm (WSH). The null hypothesis is that the treatment effect in the combined arm is equal to the single arms, and the parameter of interest is the difference in means between groups. For t∈ (WSH, N):As with H2, this hypothesis is not a hypothesis of interaction or synergy. Rather, it is a test to determine whether one intervention is better than another (additive interaction would test whether the combined arm is greater than the sum of the independent intervention arms). If the interaction were of equal magnitude to the overall treatment effect, a roughly fourfold increase in the sample size would be required,[@R116] which would be logistically infeasible given the already large size of the trial. ### Testing and estimation {#s2h3} One strength of a randomised trial is that it allows investigators to draw inference non-parametrically, relying only on randomisation.[@R117] One approach to test for statistical significance is a permutation test based on randomly permuting randomised assignments in the data (following the original randomisation strategy, ie, permuting T within strata Z) and re-estimating a test statistic.[@R117; @R118; @R119; @R120; @R121] We plan to use a rank-based test statistic, which has been shown to have good power against alternatives,[@R122] and estimate it on unweighted cluster means.[@R118] [@R119] We will use one-sided tests because we would only expect the interventions to be beneficial.[@R123] Owing to the relatively small number of tests involved, we do not plan to adjust the p values for multiple testing.[@R124] The permutation test is a test for statistical independence with good power against alternatives but does not estimate a specific parameter of interest (and thus will not provide SEs and CIs for our parameters). Since the trials depart from an individually randomised design, we will bootstrap the dataset, resampling clusters in matched blocks with replacement and re-estimate our parameters of interest. Resampling matched blocks preserves the correlation structure in the data and retains any efficiency gains from the matched randomisation. Since we will have a large number of units to resample, the asymptotic assumptions will be reasonable, the bootstrap distribution will be smooth and percentile-based CIs will be accurate for all parameters of interest. We will examine the bootstrap estimate of the sampling distribution to confirm these assumptions. The SDs of the bootstrap distributions will provide estimates of SE. We will complement our unadjusted analyses with a second set of estimates that are conditional on baseline covariates to potentially increase the efficiency of our analysis and reduce bias from any chance imbalances in prognostic covariates despite randomisation.[@R125] It is straightforward to extend permutation tests to include covariate adjustment while still taking advantage of the exact distribution theory provided by randomised inference.[@R118] [@R120] For example, let Y~ijk~ be the outcome of interest for individual i in village j and randomisation stratum k; let T~jk~ be the randomised intervention indicator and X~ijk~ be a vector of adjustment covariates. Models are fit of the form: E\[Y~ijk~\|X~ijk~\]=m(X~ijk~), where m(.) is some function of the covariates X. For example, m(X~ijk~)=α~k~+β *× *X~ijk~+ɛ~ijk~ for a linear regression, but it could be a more sophisticated prediction function. The residuals are then calculated using predicted values of Y~ijk~ from the model: and the permutation test is conducted on the residuals. The test has nominal size for the null hypothesis even if the model m(.) is mis-specified and if the covariates are measured with error.[@R118] [@R120] There is no stochastic model for m(.), just a reduced algorithmic fit; the approach increases statistical efficiency because the residuals are less variable than the original outcomes, assuming the covariates are strongly associated with the outcome or heterogeneous within the strata.[@R118] Following CONSORT guidelines,[@R114] [@R115] we prespecify a repeatable, objective approach that we will use to identify adjustment covariates. We plan to consider the following covariates in adjusted models: Administrative union (Bangladesh) or location (Kenya);Field staff team member who recorded the measurement;Time between intervention delivery and measurement;Month of measurement, to account for seasonal variation;Household food insecurity;Child age;Child sex;Mother\'s age;Mother\'s height;Mother\'s education level and literacy;Number of children \<15 years in the household;Number of individuals living in the compound;Distance (in minutes) to the primary water source;Housing materials (floor, walls and roof) and household assets. We will use a repeatable data-adaptive algorithm to control for the covariates flexibly and semiparametrically that will be chosen before the analysis.[@R126] We will calculate adjusted p values using the permutation test described above based on predicted residuals from the algorithm. We will estimate SEs and CIs for our parameters of interest using the bootstrap described in the unadjusted analysis section. Online supplementary appendix 5 includes the details of additional, prespecified analyses, including tests of interactions between interventions, subgroup analyses and tests for between-cluster spillover effects. ### Differential attrition (loss to follow-up): detection and effect bounds calculation {#s2h4} The study will track enrolled participants carefully to help minimise attrition. We will compare attrition rates across randomised arms and also the characteristics of those lost to follow-up versus those that remain to determine whether attrition is random. If we find systematic attrition that is not balanced across arms, then we will conduct sensitivity analyses using 'worst case' imputation bounds for our effect estimates (proposed by Horowitz and Manski,[@R127] and summarised by Duflo *et al*,[@R108]) and we will also calculate bounds proposed by Lee.[@R128] If overall levels of attrition approach 20%, we will attempt to locate individuals who left the study area to measure outcomes at the 2-year measurement and include them in our analyses; if attrition is high we will also consider the use of semiparametric weighting using baseline characteristics.[@R129] ### Interim analyses and stopping rules {#s2h5} #### Interim analyses {#s2h5a} Except for monitoring uptake of the interventions described above, the WASH Benefits study team does not plan to conduct interim outcome analyses that include information about randomised assignment until all of the data from the 2-year measurement are collected.[@R125] [@R130] [@R131] #### Negative stopping rule {#s2h5b} There is always a risk that interventions will have unintended consequences. Although we would not conduct the trial if we anticipated such harm, the interventions are complex and there is always the chance for unanticipated outcomes. If one of the country\'s Data and Safety Monitoring Boards (DSMBs) were to find clear evidence of harm based on adverse events, then the study will halt the harmful intervention arm under international ethical guidelines for medical research.[@R132] #### Positive stopping rule {#s2h5c} Since this is an efficacy study designed to identify proof of principle, even if a marked early benefit is identified with one or more of the interventions, neither the study implementers nor the Governments of Bangladesh or Kenya will be in a position to immediately scale up effective interventions. Thus, the social benefit of early stoppage is limited. However, we will provide 1-year anthropometry measurements to each country\'s DSMB. If at the 1-year measurement, child length for age Z-score in any of the intervention arms is more than 2 SDs above the control arm we will look to the country\'s DSMB to decide on the appropriateness of continuing the trial. ### Additional analyses {#s2h6} WASH Benefits is a large study with many collaborators and the research will be able to answer scientific questions beyond those posed in this protocol. Indeed, the study team expects to conduct and publish analyses that extend beyond those specified in this protocol. For example, objective 5 of the study is to explore the association among multiple enteric infection measures collected in the study. Yet, many promising multiplex antigen assays for parasitic infection are still in development and so the study plans to archive samples for future analyses. Ethics and dissemination {#s3} ======================== Each trial is overseen by an independent DSMB, which review the study protocols and monitor severe adverse events. All study communities, compounds and caregivers provide informed consent. The data collected in the study will be publicly distributed along with metadata and critical documents (ie, protocols and questionnaires) following the publication of the primary results from the trials, which is expected to be within 24 months of the final data collection date. Supplementary Material ====================== ###### Author\'s manuscript The authors would like to thank Michael Kremer, Shaila Arman, Farzana Begum, Jade Benjamin-Chung, Colin Christensen, Ayse Ercumen, Fabian Esamai, Muhammad Faruqe Hussain, Kaniz Khatun-e-Jannat, Charles Mwandawiro, Md. Fosiul Alam Nizame, Carol Nekesa, Tadeo Muriuki, Victor Owino and Md. Mahbubur Rahman for additional substantive input to the study design, intervention development or study protocols. **Contributors:** BFA, CN, SPL, LU, CPS, SA, GC, AEH, AL, AJP and JMC drafted the protocol. KGD, TA, TC, HND, LCHF, RH, PK, EL, SMN, PKR, FT and PJW reviewed and provided critical input to the protocol. **Funding:** This study was funded by a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to the University of California, Berkeley, grant number OPPGD759. **Competing interests:** None. **Ethics approval:** University of California, Berkeley, Stanford University, the International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh, the Kenya Medical Research Institute and Innovations for Poverty Action. **Provenance and peer review:** Not commissioned; peer reviewed for ethical and funding approval prior to submission. **Data sharing statement:** The data collected in the study will be publicly distributed along with metadata and critical documents (ie, protocols and questionnaires) following the publication of the primary results from the trials, which is expected to be within 24 months of the final data collection date. | High | [
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Latvian Security Service of Parliament and State President Security Service of the Parliament and State President of the Republic of Latvia (, DD) was a separate unit of the National Armed Forces. It provided security to the Parliament and State President, guarded objects, institutions and persons of national importance. Beginning with January 1, 2009, the Security Service was merged into the Latvian Military Police which now carries out the duties of the Security Service . Mission The main mission of the Security Service was to: Provide security for the State President, his/her family members, the State President’s Chancellery and Residence; Provide security to Members of Parliament, the Presidium of the Parliament and its affiliated institutions (objects); Provide security to foreign officials and representatives of international organizations during their official visits to Latvia Cooperation The Security Service maintained close cooperation with the State Chancellery. While providing security to high-level officials in Latvia and abroad, the Security Service also coordinated its activities with the respective foreign security service. Security Service soldiers have demonstrated their excellent fitness in diverse NAF sports games, where they are frequently awarded first prize at individual and team sports. As of 2009, the Security Service no longer exists as a separate unit, having been merged with the Military Police. References External links Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Latvia Mission of Latvia to NATO Category:Protective security units | Mid | [
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2012-13 (Freshman)- Rowed in the Club Eight that finished second at Head of the Charles... Rowed in the 2V that beat Dartmouth. Before Yale: Rowed at King's College for five years and in the senior eight for two years… Named Best Senior Oarsman… Raced for the North Island U18 team against South Island in 2011, winning the eight and the coxed four… Selected for the Auckland U20 8+ in 2011… Captain of basketball team in high school. | High | [
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1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a slide rail for sliding a seat. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a driving unit for moving a seat 801 between the outside and inside of a cabin as shown in FIG. 5 has been known (for example, see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-001811). This driving unit is provided with a slide mechanism 811 on a rotation mechanism, and is configured so as to be capable of moving the seat 801 to the outside of the cabin after turning the seat 801 to the door side. The slide mechanism 811 comprises a pair of inner rails 821, 821 fixed to the rotation mechanism, a pair of center rails 822, 822 provided on the outside of both the inner rails 821, 821, and a pair of outer rails 823, 823 provided on the outside of the center rails 822, 822. The seat 801 is fixed to an outer bracket 824 that is provided on the outer rails 823, 823 in a bridge-like form. As shown in FIG. 6, in an outside face 831 of the inner rail 821, 821, a V-groove 832 having a V shape in cross section is formed, and the V-groove 832 houses steel balls 834, . . . held by a holding element 833. As shown in FIG. 7, in an inside face 835 of the center rail 822, which faces the outside face 831 of the inner rail 821, 821, a V-groove 832 is formed. Between the V-grooves 832, 832 in both the rails 821 and 822, the steel balls 834 are held so as to be movable. Also, V-grooves 832 are formed in the outside face 841 of the center rail 822 and in the inside face 842 of the outer rail 823 as well, and steel balls 834 held by a holding element 833 are held between both the V-grooves 832, 832 so as to be movable. Thereby, each of the rails 821 to 823 are configured so as to be capable of moving in the lengthwise direction and capable of sliding the seat 801 forward and backward by the operation of the driving unit, not shown. In such a slide rail, however, though a bracket 851 is fixed to the upper faces of the inner rails 821 with screws, there is provided no construction for keeping the distance between the facing inner rails 821, 821 in the tip end portion thereof. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, a load g on the seat 801 is applied to the center rail 822, a force f directed to the slantwise inside is applied to the inner rail 821 via the steel balls 834. Thereby, deflection t toward the inside is produced on the inner rail 821, so that the seat 801 supported on the outer rails 823 shifts transversely. | Low | [
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Directions from Downpatrick: For Clearsky Adventure Centre follow directions below. For Sea Safari at Strangford Pier continue past entrance of Castle Ward Estate and continue to Strangford Village. Head towards Strangford on the A25 then turn left at the crossroads where you will see a sign for ‘Castle Ward Estate’. Follow road through gates into the estate, passing the Castle Ward mansion house on your right and warden’s hut on your left. Continue along the road, following signs for the car park. When you reach the car park (on your left) continue straight along the one-way system, following signs for The Farmyard and Clearsky Adventure Centre. You will go down a hill in a sharp U shape. At the bottom, turn left and continue onto the two-way system until you reach the bottom of the hill and Farmyard/courtyard area. Turn left through arched opening into courtyard next to big clock tower. You have arrived! | Low | [
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Class { #name : #MicParserTest, #superclass : #MicBlockTest, #category : #'Microdown-Tests' } { #category : #tests } MicParserTest >> testEmpty [ | source root | source := ''. root := parser parse: source. self assert: root children size equals: 0. ] { #category : #tests } MicParserTest >> testEmptyOnMultipleLines [ | source root | source := ' '. root := parser parse: source. self assert: root children size equals: 0 ] { #category : #tests } MicParserTest >> testIsAListDash [ self assert: (parser isAList: '- one') ] { #category : #tests } MicParserTest >> testIsAListNumbered [ self assert: (parser isAList: '11. one') ] { #category : #tests } MicParserTest >> testIsAListPlus [ self assert: (parser isAList: '+ one') ] { #category : #tests } MicParserTest >> testIsAListStar [ self assert: (parser isAList: '* one') ] { #category : #tests } MicParserTest >> testIsAListStar2 [ self assert: (parser isAList: ' * one' trim) ] { #category : #tests } MicParserTest >> testOnceParsedCurrentShouldBeTheRootblock [ | source root | source := 'This is a paragraph on two lines'. root := parser parse: source. self assert: parser current == root ] { #category : #tests } MicParserTest >> testParsingLogic [ | source root textBody argument line code | "ready for code factory" textBody := 'my fancy code is really cool'. argument := 'ArgumentGoesHere'. source := (parser codeblockMarkup, argument, String cr, textBody, String cr, parser codeblockMarkup) readStream. line := source nextLine. "First we get the root block" root := parser parse: ''. self assert: parser current equals: root. self assert: (root canConsumeLine: line). code := parser handleLine: line. self assert: code parent equals: root. self assert: code equals: parser current. "now new line" parser handleLine: source nextLine. self deny: code isClosed. parser handleLine: source nextLine. self deny: code isClosed. self assert: code equals: parser current. parser handleLine: source nextLine. self assert: code isClosed. parser handleLine: 'another line'. self deny: code equals: parser current. ] | High | [
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Lohani, during his visit, inaugurated various passenger amenities like a self-ticketing zone, mobile charging station and a day-night 1098 Childline help desk at CSMT. (PTI) Calling the bullet train “extremely essential” for India, Railway Board chairman Ashwani Lohani today said that the public transporter looked at it as a project that would unleash technology-driven transportation in the country. The National High Speed Rail Corporation, a special purpose vehicle of the Railways and the state governments of Maharashtra and Gujarat, is implementing the Mumbai-Ahmedabad bullet train corridor with technical and financial assistance from Japan. The project has had its share of controversies with a section of people questioning the need for it and others agitating against its land acquisition process. “The advent of bullet train is extremely essential for out country as it will unleash technology-driven transportation,” Lohani said here today. “By running a bullet train, we wanted to commission a medium of rapid transport which can run at par with air travel as far as speed is concerned,” the CRB said. He added that the Mumbai-Ahmedabad high speed corridor has a deadline of December 2022 and said the Railways was hopeful of completing it by then. He was in Mumbai today to review various suburban projects and held deliberations with general managers of Western and Central Railways as well as officials of the Mumbai Rail Vikas Corporation. Among the projects discussed were capacity enhancement works under Mumbai Urban Transport Project, particularly the 5th and 6th lines between Thane and Diva as well as Kurla and Parel on Central Railway. Lohani told reporters that the ministry was working to ensure the completion of big-ticket projects like the CSMT-Panvel suburban corridor. He, however, parried questions on plans to convert CSMT, currently the headquarters of CR, into a museum. “All I can say is that the glory of this incredible building will be restored and preserved by us,” he said on the issue. D K Sharma, CR general manager, speaking on the closure of six clinics at its railway stations, said that the private operator had failed to adhere to terms and conditions set by the Railways. “We are going to review what else can be done or what course correction would be required to restart this facility,” Sharma said. These clinics, popularly called “one rupee clinics”, were shut at Kurla, Ghatkopar, Wadala, Govandi, Vashi and Mulund stations on June 14. Lohani, during his visit, inaugurated various passenger amenities like a self-ticketing zone, mobile charging station and a day-night 1098 Childline help desk at CSMT. | Mid | [
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/* * Copyright (c) 2013 Patrick Scheibe * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: * * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. * * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN * THE SOFTWARE. */ package de.halirutan.mathematica.codeinsight.formatter.settings; import com.intellij.lang.Language; import com.intellij.openapi.options.Configurable; import com.intellij.psi.codeStyle.CodeStyleSettings; import com.intellij.psi.codeStyle.CodeStyleSettingsProvider; import com.intellij.psi.codeStyle.CustomCodeStyleSettings; import de.halirutan.mathematica.lang.MathematicaLanguage; import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull; import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable; /** * @author patrick (11/1/13) */ public class MathematicaCodeStyleSettingsProvider extends CodeStyleSettingsProvider { @NotNull @Override public Configurable createSettingsPage(CodeStyleSettings settings, CodeStyleSettings originalSettings) { return new MathematicaCodeStyleConfigurable(settings, originalSettings); } @Nullable @Override public CustomCodeStyleSettings createCustomSettings(CodeStyleSettings settings) { return new MathematicaCodeStyleSettings(settings); } @Nullable @Override public Language getLanguage() { return MathematicaLanguage.INSTANCE; } } | Mid | [
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/* Scan Tailor - Interactive post-processing tool for scanned pages. Copyright (C) Joseph Artsimovich <[email protected]> This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */ #ifndef FILTERDATA_H_ #define FILTERDATA_H_ #include "imageproc/BinaryThreshold.h" #include "imageproc/GrayImage.h" #include "ImageTransformation.h" #include <QImage> class FilterData { // Member-wise copying is OK. public: FilterData(QImage const& image); FilterData(FilterData const& other, ImageTransformation const& xform); imageproc::BinaryThreshold bwThreshold() const { return m_bwThreshold; } ImageTransformation const& xform() const { return m_xform; } QImage const& origImage() const {return m_origImage;} imageproc::GrayImage const& grayImage() const {return m_grayImage;} private: QImage m_origImage; imageproc::GrayImage m_grayImage; ImageTransformation m_xform; imageproc::BinaryThreshold m_bwThreshold; }; #endif | High | [
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Q: Add a machine in an active directory domain in Windows 2008 - DNS issue I'm trying to add one of my machine to an Active Directory domain. 1) I added a record for my domain controller to the host file of the machine to translate its IP address 2) In the "Member of" field in the settings, I wrote the domain I wanna join. 3) I click on OK I get this error : The error was: "No records found for given DNS query. (error code 0x0000251D DNS_INFO_NO_RECORDS) The query was for the SRV record for _ldap._tcp.dc._msdcs.*** It seems that the domain name is still unaccessible, as if the host file didn't make a difference. The weird thing is that I can access the domain name from a browser on the machine. So I really don't know where the error comes from. Thank you for your help A: Active directory doesn’t function without DNS services supporting it. Using a HOSTS file is not going to work unless you add every single resource record necessary to support your domain. Because you have a DNS server configured if you have an Active Directory Domain, you should use it. | High | [
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A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains material which is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or the patent disclosure as it appears in the Patent and Trademark Office patent file or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever. This application includes a transmittal under 37 C.F.R. Sec. 1.52(e) of a Computer Program Listing Appendix. The Appendix comprises text files that are IBM-PC machine and Microsoft Windows Operating System compatible. The files include the following list of files. Object Description: File 1; Object ID: qog_subplannode.txt, created: May 6, 2003, 10:47 am, size 3.62 KB; Object Contents: Source Code. Object Description: File. 2; Object ID: qog_optgov.txt, created: May 6, 2003, 10:48 am, size 6.07 KB; Object Contents: Source Code. All of the material disclosed in the Computer Program Listing Appendix can be found at the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office archives and is hereby incorporated by reference into the present application. 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates generally to information processing environments and, more particularly, to a database management system (DBMS) having a methodology for distributing query optimization effort over large search spaces. 2. Description of the Background Art Computers are very powerful tools for storing and providing access to vast amounts of information. Computer databases are a common mechanism for storing information on computer systems while providing easy access to users. A typical database is an organized collection of related information stored as xe2x80x9crecordsxe2x80x9d having xe2x80x9cfieldsxe2x80x9d of information. As an example, a database of employees may have a record for each employee where each record contains fields designating specifics about the employee, such as name, home address, salary, and the like. Between the actual physical database itself (i.e., the data actually stored on a storage device) and the users of the system, a database management system or DBMS is typically provided as a software cushion or layer. In essence, the DBMS shields the database user from knowing or even caring about underlying hardware-level details. Typically, all requests from users for access to the data are processed by the DBMS. For example, information may be added or removed from data files, information may be retrieved from, or updated in, such files; and so forth, all without user knowledge of underlying system implementation. In this manner, the DBMS provides users with a conceptual view of the database that is removed from the hardware level. The general construction and operation of a database management system is known in the art. See e.g., Date, C., xe2x80x9cAn Introduction to Database Systems, Volume I and IIxe2x80x9d, Addison Wesley, 1990; the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference. DBMS systems have long since moved from a centralized mainframe environment to a decentralized or distributed environment. One or more PC xe2x80x9cclientxe2x80x9d systems, for instance, may be connected via a network to one or more server-based database systems (SQL database server). Commercial examples of these xe2x80x9cclient/serverxe2x80x9d systems include Powersoft (r) clients connected to one or more Sybase (r) SQL Anywhere (r) Studio (Adaptive Server (r) Anywhere) database servers. Both Powersoft and Sybase SQL Anywhere Studio (Adaptive Server Anywhere) are available from Sybase, Inc. of Dublin, Calif. In today""s computing environment, database technology can be found on virtually any device, from traditional mainframe computers to cellular phones. Sophisticated applications, whether human resources information systems or sales force automation systems, can xe2x80x9cpushxe2x80x9d much of their complexity into the database itself. Indeed, this represents one of the main benefits of database technology. The challenge, however, is to support these applications, and the complex queries they generate, on small computing devices. At the same time, users expect the productivity and reliability advantages of using a relational DBMS. One purpose of a database system is to answer decision support queries. A query may be defined as a logical expression over the data and the data relationships set forth in the database, and results in the identification of a subset of the database. Consider, for instance, the execution of a request for information from a relational DBMS. In operation, this request is typically issued by a client system as one or more Structured Query Language or xe2x80x9cSQLxe2x80x9d queries for retrieving particular data (e.g., a list of all employees earning $10,000 or more) from database tables on a server. In response to this request, the database system typically returns the names of those employees earning $10,000, where xe2x80x9cemployeesxe2x80x9d is a table defined to include information about employees of a particular organization. The syntax of SQL is well documented, see e.g., xe2x80x9cInformation Technologyxe2x80x94Database languagesxe2x80x94SQLxe2x80x9d, published by the American National Standards Institute as American National Standard ANSI/ISO/IEC 9075: 1992, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference. SQL queries express what results are requested but do not state how the results should be obtained. In other words, the query itself does not tell how the query should be evaluated by the DBMS. Rather, a component called the optimizer determines the xe2x80x9cplanxe2x80x9d or the best method of accessing the data to implement the SQL query. The query optimizer is responsible for transforming an SQL request into an access plan composed of specific implementations of the algebraic operator selection, projection, join, and so forth. The role of a query optimizer in a relational DBMS system is to find an adequate execution plan from a search space of many semantically equivalent alternatives. One component of this task is join enumeration. Since relational databases typically only provide physical operators that can join two tables at a time, an n-way join must be executed as a sequence of two-way joins, and there are many possible such sequences. The optimizer must enumerate some or all of these sequences and choose one based on estimates of their relative execution costs. In general, this problem is NP-complete. (See e.g., Ibaraki, T. et al xe2x80x9cOn the Optimal Nesting Order for Computing N-Relational Joinsxe2x80x9d, ACM Transactions on Database Systems, 9(3): 482-502, September 1984. See also e.g., Ono, K. et al xe2x80x9cMeasuring the Complexity of Join Enumeration in Query Optimizationxe2x80x9d, in Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases, pp. 314-325, Brisbane, Australia, August 1990, Morgan Kaufmann; and Steinbrunn, M. et al xe2x80x9cHeuristic and Randomized Optimization for the Join Ordering Problemxe2x80x9d, The VLDB Journal, 6(3): 191-208, August 1997.) An NP-complete problem is any one of a class of computational problems for which no efficient solution has been found. In practice, query optimizers restrict the sequences or plans that are considered so that an adequate plan can be found in a reasonable amount of time. Examples of such limitations include: restricting the search to left-deep trees where the inner operand of each join is a single table (see e.g., Cluet, S. et al xe2x80x9cOn the Complexity of Generating Optimal Left-deep Processing Trees with Cross Productsxe2x80x9d, in Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Database Theory (ICDT ""95), pp. 54-67, Prague, Czech Republic, January 1995, Springer-Verlag); requiring each join to have at least one equi-join predicate of the form (column1=column2); considering only a subset of the available physical join methods (e.g., only nested loop joins); considering only a subset of the possible table access methods (e.g., only index scans); and deferring Cartesian products as late in the plan as possible. (See e.g., Morishita, S. xe2x80x9cAvoiding Cartesian Products for Multiple Joinsxe2x80x9d, Journal of the ACM, 44(1): 57-85, January 1997. Also see e.g., Selinger, P. G. et al xe2x80x9cAccess Path Selection in a Relational Database Management Systemxe2x80x9d, in ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, pp. 23-34, Boston, Mass., May 1979.) Choosing a set of restrictions for a given query defines a search space of possible plans that may be considered by a search operation. Deciding how to restrict a search space for a particular query is not straightforward. On one hand, a larger space improves the possibility of finding a better plan. On the other, it also guarantees an increase in the cost of performing the search. If a query is to be optimized once and executed repeatedly, a longer optimization time may be justified. For interactive queries, however, one should optimize the total time spent on execution plus the time spent on the optimization process itself. A difficulty with choosing search space restrictions is that there is not always a direct, linear relationship between the size of the search space and the optimization time. This is the case because most search operations prune (i.e., do not consider) parts of the space that provably cannot contain an optimal plan. The amount of such pruning that is possible can vary considerably depending on the cost distribution of the plans in the space and the order in which plans are visited. Manual control of the parameters that restrict search space size may sometimes be useful. It is usually better, however, if a query optimizer makes such choices automatically. A technique where a series of (not necessarily disjoint) search spaces are defined and searched in sequence is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,301,317 by Lohman, G. M. et al entitled xe2x80x9cSystem for Adapting Query Optimization Effort to Expected Execution Timexe2x80x9d. In the system described by Lohman, when the search of one space is finished, the cost of searching the next space is estimated and compared to the estimated execution cost of the best plan that has been found. The overall search is halted if the estimated cost of searching the next space exceeds the expected benefit. It is difficult to predict the benefit, but a heuristic is to assume that it will be some fixed fraction (e.g., ten percent) of the estimated cost for the best plan that has been identified. It is also difficult to estimate the cost of searching a space. An upper bound can be obtained by multiplying the cost of enumerating a single plan by the total size of the space. However, this really is just an upper bound since, as noted above, the amount of pruning performed by a search operation may vary considerably. Overall, this technique can be seen as one possible way of automatically choosing search space parameters. However, an undesirable characteristic of this approach is that it may enumerate some plans twice if they appear in more than one search space. Another problem is that the decision to stop the search is only considered after each complete space is finished. For large join degrees, every one of these spaces may be very large. As such, the technique does not allow fine-grained control over how much total effort is spent upon enumeration. A join enumeration operation based on depth-first search of a space of left-deep trees is described by Bowman, I. T. and Paulley, G. N. in xe2x80x9cJoin Enumeration in a Memory Constrained Environmentxe2x80x9d, in Proceedings, Sixteenth IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering, pp. 645-654, San Diego, Calif., IEEE Computer Society Press, March 2000. This depth-first join enumeration search operation is also described in commonly-owned U.S. Pat. No. 6,516,310 titled xe2x80x9cSystem and Methodology for Join Enumeration in a Memory-Constrained Environmentxe2x80x9d, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, including any appendices or attachments thereof, for all purposes. One advantage of the approach described by Bowman and Paulley is that it uses very little memory relative to the widely used technique of dynamic programming. (See e.g., Selinger, P. G. et al xe2x80x9cAccess Path Selection in a Relational Database Management Systemxe2x80x9d, above; Kabra, N. et al xe2x80x9cOPT++: An object-oriented implementation for extensible database query optimizationxe2x80x9d, The VLDB Journal, 8 (1): 55-78, May 1999; Pellenkoft, A. xe2x80x9cProbabilistic and Transformation-based Query Optimizationxe2x80x9d, PhD thesis, Wiskunde en Informatica, CWI, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, November 1997; and Scheufele, W. et al xe2x80x9cEfficient Dynamic Programming Algorithms for Ordering Expensive Joins and Selectionsxe2x80x9d, in Advances in Database Technology-Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Extending Database Technology, pp. 201-215, Valencia, Spain, Springer-Verlag, March 1998.) Another advantage of the approach described by Bowman and Paulley is that complete plans are generated continuously during the search. This means that it is possible to interrupt the search at any time after the first plan is found and simply keep the best plan found at the time the search is halted. Therefore, fine-grained control over the amount of enumeration effort is possible. Early halting is a simple way of limiting the computational effort spent on join enumeration. However, a problem with simply stopping the search early is that the search effort is not very well distributed over the search space. If only a small fraction of the search space is visited, then most of the plans considered are typically very similar. An improved solution for limiting the computational effort spent on join enumeration is required that enables the search effort to be limited in a more effective way. The present invention provides a solution for these and other needs. In a database system, a method for optimization of a query is described. When a query is received which requests data from a database, a plurality of plans which can be used for obtaining data requested by the query are enumerated. A search tree is created based upon these plans, with nodes of the search tree representing segments of the plans. A limited number of nodes of the search tree are selected for evaluation to limit the effort spent on query optimization. A complete plan for execution of the query is generated by evaluating the selected nodes of the search tree and, if the evaluation determines that a given node is more favorable than comparable nodes previously evaluated, retaining the given node as part of the complete plan. | Mid | [
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Vitreous fluid of db/db mice exhibits alterations in angiogenic and metabolic factors consistent with early diabetic retinopathy. This study evaluated the postulate that the vitreous of diabetic db/db mice, a genetic model of type 2 diabetes that manifests hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, exhibits alterations in angiogenic and metabolic factors that reflect abnormalities in the retinal microvasculature participatory in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Vitreous obtained from db/db and age-matched nondiabetic db/m mice was analyzed by Western blot for pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), by immunoassay for type IV collagen, and by measurement of TBARs for lipid peroxide products. Compared to nondiabetic db/m controls, vitreous from db/db mice contained decreased PEDF and increased VEGF (VEGF:PEDF relative ratio 2.2 +/- 0.3 and 1.0 +/- 0.1 in db/db vs. db/m, respectively; p < 0.05), and elevated concentrations of lipid peroxide products (187 +/- 43 and 84 +/- 15 ng/ml in db/db vs. db/m, respectively; p < 0.05) and type IV collagen (5.2 +/- 0.7 and 3.1 +/- 0.4 nmol/ml in db/db vs. db/m, respectively; p < 0.05). These changes were observed at age 18-20 weeks, consistent with an early stage in the development of retinal microvascular pathology. The findings support the potential usefulness of vitreous from the db/db mouse as a model tissue for investigation of pathogenetic factors and assessment of therapeutic interventions in early diabetic retinopathy. | High | [
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Colombian economy and politics 1929–58 Since the year 1929 the Liberal Party period began. It lasted 16 years and had to fight the global economic crisis. Also during this period there was great controversy bipartisan, creating many internal conflicts. One of the major problems in the crisis was the dependency of Colombia in the U.S for the purchasing of coffee which was the backbone of its economy. The economic crisis in Colombia during the period of 1928 through 1933 was a devastating result of the previous years of prosperity based on high amounts of international loans and credits, high prices in the exporting coffee and a confident country that generated investment and cash flow. The same way that Colombia prospered thanks to the US, it went down parallel to it in their time of crisis. The New York stock market collapsed and the confidence within the country was low and protective, the investment stopped, as well as the loans and Colombia was directly affected by that situation. There was a constant decrease in the exporting potential product of Colombia; coffee, as well as a cut in the international loans and investment. Eventually the crisis in the U.S.A. generated within Colombia a cut in urban employment, diminished internal market and among other problematic social and economic situations. From the year 1933 to the year 1939 Colombia began to see a big change in the country's industries, leaving behind the problems of urbanization in the twenties. There was also a large agricultural development, therefore strengthening the development of the economy, and expansion of the agriculture and livestock. During this period, coffee exports were very high. Coffee farmers managed to expand their crops; with the help of politics they also tried promoting agriculture, with help of the “Consejo Nacional de Agricultura”. Economic Crisis One of the main reasons for the development of an economic crisis is when a world power country enters in the crisis, eventually all countries get affected. Basically a crisis leads a country to debt and economic stagnation. And it's ultimately influenced by all kinds of factors such as culture, climate, previous development, political order, and internal and external social conflicts. In other words, there is a great deal of ingredients mixture needed for an economic crisis to come across. First of all, to analyze what an economic crisis is, we need to know what the symptoms of a healthy economy are. There should be progressive increase in the sustainable growth in behalf of the government, the economy and society as a whole. Something crucial for the country is the trade balance, which should mediate the amount of imports with the exports. Also, the currency has to be revalued in order to have a controlled inflation within all the areas. The government also has to be very careful in the amount of money that runs among the pockets of the people, because that's what determines product prices and inflation. Unemployment rates also have to be no more than a digit to be considered a country with healthy economic symptoms in relation to all the population, not a few favored. Now knowing the symptoms of a healthy economy we can take into account what an economic crisis is and how does it become global. When problems are created in different bases, the economy turns to be fragile and that's when the economy crisis occurs. This is given to other things that make development stagnates. In these time period, exports fall, affecting the trade balance like a cycle. If a country's export is not enough, it will affect the rest of the countries including its imports. There comes a point where it fails to defend currency, and when that happens, its value falls and people only think about getting rid of it to buy other. There is also the big problem of excess in the credit banking system, creating a situation in which the bank is not paying people and increases poverty. The economic crisis is something that affects the whole world. There are clearly more developed countries and the impact is equally different. In conclusion, the crisis occurs, because panic is formed, and just then a country loses confidence. This may cause stagnation in production and investment, leading the country to a slow development. Because of the stagnation, unemployment grows increasing human poverty. Economic Crisis 1928-1933 From the period of 1922 to 1928 the two main factors that took over and increased Colombia's economy were the rise in external coffee prices (the main exportation product) and a huge increase in the international credits to the public and the bank system. An incredible amount of money was flowing within the country with prosperity yet to be paid. Therefore, the economic success wasn't internally based and sustained, divergently the economy was holding on the United States credits and investment. That was the mistake and that was the cause of the future crisis. 1928 was the year of a significant reduction in external credit; generating a constant decline in the domestic bank credits and a hold back of the stock markets of Bogota and Medellin. Throughout 1929 the international coffee prices continued declining abruptly in addition to the New York stock market, and eventually the first manifestations of urban unemployment boost generated an immediate internal market crisis. Deflection from that moment on till 1932 was the result of the international price reduction of Colombian exporting products. It was only until 1932 that the rise in gold production compensated the external dept as well as it created commercial balance, ultimately preventing the continuous loss in reserves. After Colombia was able to defend its currency, it was in search of a new economic politic. This was based on three pillars; the fiscal, monetary and costumes or external commerce. The problem was that a free trade was established and the lack of government intervention in the economy was induced. International imports weren't charged as much taxes supposedly to pay off the increase of life expenses, this didn't generate any type of positive results, and by 1931 a protectionist economy reestablished with the purpose of reanimating the public investment. Anyway, Colombia found itself within the countries that had to surrender to their exchange freedom and abandon the gold reserves with the purpose of devaluing their currency against gold and dollars. In the long run it was a reaction to the collapse of international reserves. Parallel to the causes of the economic crisis in Colombia, the presidents in charge of the time period (Abadia Mendez and Olaya Herrera) reduced hastily the public investment programs, causing a decline in the previous infrastructure privileged circumstances. This ultimately affected the public employment and finances. It was only until 1933 that the government gave a tremendous tip to its economic matters. It focused more in recuperating and reanimating the local product market, returned to the coffee exportation as a main economic sustains and finally it emphasized the improvements of the domestic credits. The 2 main sections that found themselves favored by the new economic measures were the agricultural and the industrial. Basically because the loads of people that moved to the cities in search of work, went back to the rural areas to work on agriculture which was productively being exported again. In addition the industrial sector was favored due to the substitution of importation products by Colombian goods. These were the actions that Colombia took in order to take control over the economy once again and recuperate after 5 years of crisis. Liberal Republic The Colombian government came from a long period of being conservative until the year 1930. This year in the elections, the liberal party started to take control. A period of social, political and economical controversy was about to begin. The growing economic crisis, and the way the conservative government was handling the country's problems made them lose many followers, therefore losing their next elections. The most noticeable and immediate change was the sudden deterioration of the public order in most of the country. Colombia also suffered a period of violence, not only with the internal conflicts but also conflicts with other countries. The violent issues and the global economic crisis was what were shouting for a new regimen. United States wasn't only providing investment; it was also producing internal violence. One example is how United Fruit Company could manipulate the government and reach what they wanted no matter the cost. It started when the company complains to the government that the workers were refusing to do their jobs because they were on strike. The government ordered the military to go to where they were and threaten the workers that if they don't work they would shoot. The workers refused to work and there was when the military killed approximately 3000. Another violence problem in Colombia during the liberal party period was how the guerrilla groups started to form. This was created because the liberals were protecting themselves from the conservatives; this was a bipartisan violent problem. One of the major problems Colombia had when the liberals took over the government was that they hadn't been in control almost half a century. Part of the problem was that the liberals still accused the conservatives for things that were already left in the past and weren't relevant in the present. This was a real big issue because many ideas and situations had already changed or disappeared with the conservative government. A fact worth mentioning, the loyalty of liberalism ideas weren't based in what each person believes but it was more an obligation that came from many years back, in other words, inherited hatred. Even though this problems did affect the relationship between this two parties, to make the transition easier the government included some conservative members in the cabinet. This would make the overall government ideas liberals, but would have also some conservative influences. The first liberal president during this period was Enrique Olaya Herrera. He took measures over how to handle the economic crisis, one of the measures he took was devaluing the currency to make the international exports more competitive and stimulate the industry. Something Olaya Herrera decided it was really important to get over the crisis was making even stronger the relation between Colombia and U.S.A so there was a chance that their vast resources would help resist the depression. Olaya also sustained the external debt, not letting it get out of control. He also gave importance to the workers and women. For the workers he made a law that the working day could not be more than eight hours and the legal right to organize unions. For the women Olaya gave them the legal rights to own their own properties. In the girls´ schools, he said that they could have high school; that before was forbidden. The second liberal government was led by the president Alfonso Lopez Pumarejo. Many situations in his presidency were influenced by the New Deal, and much idealism from Franklin D. Roosevelt. Most of the time he dedicated to solve the social bipartisan issues. Lopez called this “Revolucion en Marcha”, or revolution underway. Part of this process was helping the poor to participate in the system's benefit. This would also make the parties be more pacific and not use violence as a solution. One of the measures he took was making a new agrarian reform. This consisted in giving the peasants that were in non-legal land legal land so they could work on them. Lopez administration was recognized by being the protector of the working class. He created something very important that was the CTC or the Colombian Worker Confederation. Lopez also increased the public spending in public education and rural roads. He finished his presidency by making various changes in the constitution. He said that the started would have more power over economic issues, eliminated the article that said that public education had to be in agreement of the catholic religion; finally he eliminated the literacy requirements to vote. In conclusion, Lopez main contribution was making Colombia face for the first time its social issues. Economy 1930-1945 It was until 1930, that Colombia's political government was steady and managed to grow economically. Since the beginning of the century, new routes developed, especially those of coffee. The crop production was so good, that its consumption was larger each time, bringing money that was invested in new oil companies, and products consumption. In 1930, when the Liberal party was able to retake power, new reform started to come up and slowly the economy went down. The economy in Colombia around World War II was divided in two large periods: from 1930–1939, in which the country experienced not only an outstanding increase, but also a new social transformation. 1939-1945, the economy was stagnant, and at the same time the social transformation was not progressing at all. Although some countries around the world had trouble coming back from the crisis, Colombia was one of the few that had a swift and sustainable recovery, in order to develop its agricultural sector, coffee production and oil exploitations. If we look at the economy from 1933–1939, you will see a big duplication in the industrial production, growing by almost 11% annually; which no other country was able to accomplish. Although the increase was spectacular, we had to take into account what CEPAL organization was saying: “if we have a good growing rhythm, we need to think about the low initial level, which can cause future plans”. The very important fact pointed out by the organization was ignored by the investor, which kept on creating new textile, shoes, and expanding food companies. By 1939 all of these developed a huge increase in the domestic demand, and nearly 2,805 manufacture companies which led to having a low import demand. Using these as a method wasn't as good as expected, since other countries could see this as a closing trade action. Economy 1946-1958 Previous to 1946 there was a tremendous break down in the international and national economy due to World War II. Basically the income per capita was lower than normal and export and import activities were definitely more difficult than before. Colombia reacted with an “emergency economy” by intervening the coffee industry, by coordinating and controlling transportation, by organizing the external commerce and strengthening the regulation systems of importation. It was until 1946 that Colombia didn't focused in creating more reforms but in recuperating from the War and boost up the economy. The fastest increase in economic activity was during 1946 through 1953, were not only was the country changing its economic structure but also the international situation was healthier. Eventually the investment amplified noticeably as a result of the best conditions of external payments. The structure of the industry was diversifying due to the accelerating industry and the fast process of urbanization, which created a great internal demand in cooperation with the protectionist substitution of imports. Even though it was all the economic sectors that were increasing its production rates, the industry had the most representing statistics of development and modernization. In a period of eight years the industry duplicated its production, directly because a great amount of the rural population were moving to the cities and linking to the activities as well. By creating new companies en developing many factories the innovation was focused in the intermediary goods and from capital, creating directly the quickest absorption rates of jobs among the industry. This phenomenon was not only present in Colombia but also around the world were the most dynamic and increasing sector of the economy is the industry. It is clear that Colombia's economy is completely linked to the external financing plus the income from exportation products. Although the industry was the sector that had most representative lift up in Colombia during 1946 to 1958, the agriculture sector had a boost as well. A modernization in production was the key to the high productivity. But in order to reach these point three main factors were involved; the increasingly high demand of industrial raw material, the government stimulus and the available international resources. To protect the agricultural sector from the external competition from imported products, the government established high taxation as a result motivating the internal production. Another way the government generated a positive stimulus was by introducing machinery and proper equipment, fertilizers, insecticides, credit, and infrastructure investment, among others. As many industrial raw material crops were taking over the fertile and plain lands, the cattle were being displaced and eventually diminished the productivity. Despite the fact that Colombia demonstrates a healthier economy during 1946 through 1958, socially the country wasn't that well in the popular sections. Life conditions during this period are far from being considered good. More than half of the employed population lives barely above subsistence level as a result of the sudden increase of population in urban areas. The problem is that not all of the agricultural relocated individuals were properly absorbed by the main cities in Colombia (Bogota, Barranquilla, Cali and Medellin) and therefore found themselves in activities of very low productivity, unemployed or unemployed disguise. This time period is probably the beginning of an escalating amount of Colombian population that began at a greater scale with the nowadays cycle of unemployment. "A man of Principles" “A Man of Principle” is a great movie that represents the Violence in Colombia starting in the year 1948. During this time the liberals were in the power and the conservative followers were discriminated. This movie start with a man called Leon Maria; he is conservative and lives in a small town called Tulua. Leon Maria is not so well economically; he has a cheese store and worked at a library. Many people in the town were liberals and went around discriminating the conservative. The wealthiest, most powerful people there were liberals and had a lot of influence in the government and in other political issues. In the movie there is a turning point that is the death of Jorge Eliecer Gaitan, a very influential liberal leader that was killed by some conservative. When this happens the liberals decide to show how much they cared and started burning and destroying conservative symbols like the Catholic Church. This period of anger and violence was called ‘el bogotazo’. What Leon Maria does is that he has to protect in what he believes in and decides to get a conservative group to protect their church from the liberals. The next day Leon Maria was seen like a hero for his party, he stood up for what he believed no matter the cost. The conservatives now had the power, and the government sent money to the party and the party used the money to pay people to get rid of the liberals. Leon Maria receives a telegram informing him that he had an urgent meeting with the conservative leaders. In this reunion the conservatives tell Leon Maria that he was the man chosen to protect its party and they gave him guns and money to start right away. During the rest of the movie they show how Leon Maria kills, threaten, and torture liberals for them to leave their homes and go far away. This only lasts until the liberal party regains its power and Leon Maria is killed. Throughout the movie we can see how the political parties affect everyday life. It shows that the Violence in Colombia was mainly because bipartisan conflicts that weren't really because of beliefs but instead inheritance. The real power in the town wasn't only wealth but also the amount of influence they had on the government and also the amount of fear that they provoked in the community. The name given to Leon Maria was the condor. This was because the people that killed liberals for the conservative party were called ‘pajaros’ or birds. A condor is a very powerful and fearful bird and this is what Leon Maria represented around the country, someone more powerful than just a simple bird. Frente Nacional With the military board (junta military) in the year 1958, the two political parties: liberals and conservatives started the new era of peace and social development. Although everything was getting better, new problems started to come about, economically and socially. The liberals and conservatives were now sharing power equally, but it never came up to be a 50-50 percent equality throughout the country. The two-year period as president for each party, was named after: FRENTE NACIONAL, which ended up with the violence movement. From 1958 to 1970, the industrialization became a backup for the new exportation methods, meaning the new government was more focused in developing the new ideas to improve the economy. In this time period the government was also able to enter more complex areas of importation, creating changes in their new politics to increase their marketing development. A very big change also arises in the external national product, expanding and developing the modernized economy and reducing importations in a large percent. As we have seen throughout the class, the industrial sector ruled for a long time period leaving behind the agricultural sector. It wasn't until about 1955 that the government was starting to get focused on developing and growing this sector; in order to also create new urban jobs the violent movement had to be exterminated by the Frente Nacional. At the same time new opportunities for the peasant were given, meaning, the government was giving them the chance to work on the territorial lands and see how big a change it would make for the economy. After spending and investing so much money in this new method, the government was undecided whether to move on with this idea or abandon it. The big problem in this sector was, that peasants did not have enough money required to productively support the new economical development. It was also better to move on with new ideas, due to the requirements presidents Lleras Restrepo proposed: 1) devalue the currency again, 2) import release, 3) free foreign exchange market. References Category:Economic history of Colombia Category:Political history of Colombia | Mid | [
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Studies of the producer cell of interferon in human lymphocyte cultures. The producer cells of interferon were studied in human leucocyte cultures stimulated by a variety of stimulants, including phytohemagglutinin (PHA), pokeweed mitogen (PWM), Corynebacterium parvum (CP) and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV). When the cells were fractionated by the use of neuraminidase-treated sheep red blood cells (SRBC), the T cell population responded with interferon production to PHA and PWM but not to CP or HSV. However, the non-T population showed a vigorous response to the latter two stimuli. In contrast, nylon column eluate cells enriched for T cells responded well to CP and HSV with production of interferon. To resolve these contradictory data, we have used combinations of techniques. Nylon column eluate cells were further separated by SRBC and it was found that the nylon non-adherent rosetting cell did not produce interferon in response to HSV or CP whereas the nylon-nonadherent non-rosetting cell did. In additional experiments more elaborate techniques were used. Leucocytes were treated by plastic adherence and iron filings, passed over a nylon column and subsequently over an Ig-anti-Ig column, and then rosetted with SRBC. Again only the non-rosetting population produced interferon. In parallel experiments the capacity of the different cell populations to lyse three types of target cells in a chromium release assay as a test for "natural killer" (NK) cell activity was investigated. There was some correlation between interferon production and NK cell activity. Thus, our data indicate that interferon is produced by non-T, non-B cells, possibly by cells related to NK cells. | High | [
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Our September/October issue is at the printers and has been sent to digital subscribers! Here’s the p. 2 editors’ note: Cliffs, Seesaws, and Leaps The numbers are certainly scary. Key economic indicators in the current crisis—a second-quarter GDP decline at an annual rate of 30%, a drop in employee compensation at an annual rate of 20%, and a contraction in real personal consumption of nearly one quarter—are on the scale of the Great Depression. But as Alejandro Reuss shows in this issue’s cover story, even decreases on this scale could be managed without widespread hardship, if it weren’t for the staggering inequality in U.S. society and the refusal of ruling elites to take measures to help people who are struggling. As Reuss puts it: “Some people live, in effect, far away from the cliff’s edge, and can bear a decline in their incomes without too much difficulty. But many live dangerously close to the precipice—not just during crises but under the ‘normal’ conditions of U.S. capitalism.” There has been a massive government response, including spending in the trillions of dollars, but much of it has gone to bail out companies, and the stimulus payments and expansions of unemployment insurance—what’s kept the economy going—won’t likely continue, because employers don’t want them to. In this issue’s cover illustration, the U.S. working class teeters at—or over—the edge of the cliff, but the ruling class controls the seesaw. This issue’s two other features delve into the precariousness of U.S. workers in more detail. Journalist Julian Jacobs looks at the huge overhang of private debt that is likely to make the economic crisis worse, especially for low-income workers who are more likely to have high levels of household debt. And economist David McClough’s examination of “hero pay”—the way private employers are supposedly rewarding essential workers in the pandemic—shows how those wage increases, which are as temporary as the public pandemic aid, have to be understood in the context of employers’ power over workers. As long as workers’ income is linked to employment, and employers are able to keep government from providing alternatives, workers will remain on the edge. Reuss proposes solutions to workers’ economic subordination, as a way of de-linking income from employment, de-linking access to basic goods from income, and de-linking employment and wages from capitalist profits. The workers’ movement should demand job security guarantees, a guaranteed annual wage, direct government benefits (instead of routing them through employers), direct employment (e.g., through a federal job guarantee), and workers’ control of production (via worker-owned and -managed co-ops). All these demands have historical precedent, and many of them have been on the political agenda recently (and in the pages of Dollars & Sense). Such demands are anathema to capitalists and their politician and media allies, which is as it should be, since they threaten their power. The organizing and actions that would make it possible to achieve these demands are the subject of a future installment of Reuss’s ongoing series, “Coronavirus, Capitalism, and the Workers’ Movement.” But in this issue’s Active Culture, journalist Abdul Malik shows what it might take, in his account of the recent brief wildcat strike by NBA players and its spread to several other North American professional sports leagues. The strike was in direct response to the shooting of Jacob Blake in Kenosha, Wis., but it’s important to appreciate that this strike was not just symbolic: it built on years of organizing, from Colin Kaepernick to Black Lives Matter, and the spread of the strike to other leagues, including Major League Baseball, Major League Soccer, and the Women’s NBA, shows that this was about workers’ power. As Malik puts it: “… the fundamentals of what led to this moment—a problem, management’s inability to address this problem, difficult conversations on the shop floor, and a flashpoint that led to a total work stoppage—are repeatable in every workplace and in every sector.” This is the kind of organizing and action that could allow U.S. workers to leap from the edge of the cliff, and safely arrive on the other side of the chasm, where we can enjoy an economy that is beyond inequality and economic subordination. Also in this issue: John Miller on Joe Biden’s version of the Green New Deal, Steve Pressman’s review of Emmanuel Saez and Gabriel Zucman’s latest book, and more! | Mid | [
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The center sign appears untouched, and on the exits only the shields and "TO" appear to have been replaced. The lowest line on the Exit 85 assembly was ugly then (and seemed to be fixed with a more proper yellow bar until I guess it was determined to not really be one mile?) and is differently ugly now. It's a shame the lights are gone. The signs in the pic are non-reflective background button copy and the signs on GSV are reflective button copy put up in the 1980s. None of the three signs are the same. Old photo is phase II non Reflective. All the signage on that gantry on google maps now is phase III retroreflective button copy. Note that the phase II center sign has finishing strips on each side, the present sign does not and the border goes right to the left and right edges of the extruded panels. None of the three signs are the same. Old photo is phase II non Reflective. All the signage on that gantry on google maps now is phase III retroreflective button copy. Note that the phase II center sign has finishing strips on each side, the present sign does not and the border goes right to the left and right edges of the extruded panels. I'm still amazed and how short lived some of the non-reflective button copy signs were. These were up for only 10 years or so. Judging by reflective button copy sign dates (on the back) and known openings of other highways, I've gathered some of the non-reflective ones were only up for about 5-10 years. CT-8 comes to mind. A section in Beacon Falls opened up around 1980 and the reflective signs NB say 1989 on them. So the original NB signs were only up for about 9 years. (SB still has them, as seen in this pic, but not for long) The same with the NRBC signs on CT-40. If it opened up in 1976, the signage was replaced in 1990 or so. All that good non-reflective signage wasn't even up for 20 years. This one has escaped the rath: I forgot to mention that Route 184 has exit numbers too, also without new overhead signage. There are also new retroreflective traffic signals at the end of the divided highway, which I've seen a lot more of in this part of the state. (not a fan of span wire, but at least ConnDOT is finally moving into the 21st century). Speaking of Gold Star Bridge signage, I was browsing the website for the construction project and came across this image, from when the NB bridge was widened in 1974. It's the same sign that exists presently, which will be replaced soon. Any other BGS in the state that have lasted this long? Cool shot. I almost forgot that Bridge Street was used back then. The signs put up in the mid/late 1980s which still exist today say "Thames Street". Here's a shot I got last summer:95NB-GoldStar-1 by Jay Hogan, on Flickr I believe the 1 mile sign may have fallen off, vs being removed on purpose due to incorrect mileage. The same gantry has been in place the whole time - you can still see some of the wiring for the lights (the loop of wire on the right post in each picture. The signs on the Exit 85 offramp, which splits into ramps for Thames St and US 1/Downtown Groton is being changed as part of the current I-95 resigning contract. "Thames Street" will become "Groton Waterfront". I'd venture to guess that when the signs on the bridge itself are replaced, they'll say "US 1 North/Downtown Groton/Groton Waterfront". Not to be confused with Exit 87, which will become "Groton City". As far as what the SB signs on the bridge will say, this is from the contract plans, with no more pullthroughs: Interesting. So at some point between 1974 and today, Connecticut replaced BGSs that had white shields with BGSs that have less visible, outline button copy shields? Don't get me wrong, I love and will miss the outilne button copy shields, but it's clear why they are being phased out. The first of what I call "Phase III" signage (button copy, reflective backgrounds, outline US/state shields) was installed at some point during the mid 1980s. I remember a news story about the signs, being a partnership with the company 3-M. The signs on I-395 and on I-95 west of New Haven were installed in the 1985 timeframe. CT 2 and CT 9 got theres in the late 1980s. The state became blanketed with Phase III by 1990, with only I-84 east of East Hartford and I-95 from Madison east to New London escaping the cut. I-95 in Branford and Guilford held onto its original turnpike signage (all text, blue) until the early 90s when it became Phase III as well. On routes like CT 2, CT 8, and CT 9, they held onto their original signage for only about 10-15 years. Current signage on those routes is now over 30 years old, with no plans to replace signs on CT 2 or 9 in the near future. The funny thing is the outline shield were a step backwards. Vermont was using that style on their BGS’s in 1960, and other than California, whose shield have green backgrounds anyway, it suggests that CT’s shields should as well, but they don’t. I’m a fan of the older signage, and the new signage being installed. Take a ride on route 2 west late at night coming back from the casino, and half the signage is illegible because the reflectors have lost their reflectivity. I do remember seeing them on I-95 in 1985 coming back from NYC with my parents, and was wondering if they forgot to finish painting the shields. The most ridiculous signage has to be the route 15 shields on the HOV lane signs on I-84 West by the I-384 interchange. The 15 looks like it’s part of the sign. From alpsroads.net: Close inspection of the 15 shield reveals its a shield just slapped on. The only problem is that type of shield should be on a sign with a green background. Other shields on HOV signs in CT have a black border around them and are integrated into the sign itself. This particular sign was installed in the early 2000s when this "ramp" (actually, just a painted break in the HOV/main lane divider) was created. It dumps into the left lane of mainline westbound traffic in 1 mile, but is still 1 1/2 miles away from the actual exit from the 84 mainline. During the 2000s era, a lot of shields were slapped onto signs to replace those that were faded or worn out. That's why some have the state name... they were meant to be reassurance shields, but got slapped onto a BGS instead. There's a couple small ones about 1 1/2 miles west of this particular location. There's also some on I-91, mostly southbound, that replaced worn-out button copy I-shields. And on parts of I-95 in SE CT, there are button copy I-shields with the state name that was put on when the sign was created. There's one or two on the 15SB ramp to 91SB a few miles west of this spot as well. Speaking of transportation projects, I notice that district 1 has started blanketing the beginning and end of limited access highways’ guardrails with a red and green delineator, a la MAssachussetts. I first noticed these in district 2 a couple years back. Looks like their going to catch on statewide. And in conndot plow jockey fashion, several of them have already been twisted and bent around tolland from the last storm. I think of this as the Ryan Seacrest or Johnny Gilbert sign. It was still standing in 1980 (at least the one at the NY/CT line was) when my mom, stepdad, stepgrandmom and I went to Nova Scotia to visit relatives. When was it taken down? And was there one at the RI end as well? I think of this as the Ryan Seacrest or Johnny Gilbert sign. It was still standing in 1980 (at least the one at the NY/CT line was) when my mom, stepdad, stepgrandmom and I went to Nova Scotia to visit relatives. When was it taken down? And was there one at the RI end as well? I think of this as the Ryan Seacrest or Johnny Gilbert sign. It was still standing in 1980 (at least the one at the NY/CT line was) when my mom, stepdad, stepgrandmom and I went to Nova Scotia to visit relatives. When was it taken down? And was there one at the RI end as well? ixnay There was an identical sign at the RI end of the turnpike. I remember seeing a photo of it someplace online, but I can't remember where. What is the answer to the ultimate question of life, Connecticut, and everything? Logged "Officer, I'm always careful to drive the speed limit no matter where I am and that's what I was doin'." Said "No, you weren't," she said, "Yes, I was." He said, "Madam, I just clocked you at 22 MPH," and she said "That's the speed limit," he said "No ma'am, that's the route numbah!" - Gary Crocker Speaking of transportation projects, I notice that district 1 has started blanketing the beginning and end of limited access highways’ guardrails with a red and green delineator, a la MAssachussetts. I first noticed these in district 2 a couple years back. Looks like their going to catch on statewide. And in conndot plow jockey fashion, several of them have already been twisted and bent around tolland from the last storm. | Mid | [
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Memphis Police said they received a call at 1:11 near I-40 at North Watkins, where they found two shooting victims. One, an adult male, was taken to Regional One in critical condition. The teenager was taken in non-critical condition to Le Bonheur. Two males were taken into custody in connection with the shooting, police reported about three hours later. As of 4 p.m., fire and police crews were still on the scene near the Hollywood exit, surrounding a wrecked car on the shoulder. Part of the interstate is blocked and westbound traffic has slowed to a crawl. Interstate 40 blocked, Photo Courtesy: WREG Memphis. Police had reported the suspect fled in a black Dodge Charger. Several witnesses on social media reported seeing a Mazda SUV with a missing bumper driving suspiciously as traffic slowed down on the interstate. Police have not confirmed whether that vehicle was involved. Tuesday’s incident is the latest shooting to happen in I-40’s north loop around the city. Earlier this month, a teenager said his truck was shot up along the same stretch. Another shooting happened in August, and that followed three within two weeks in February. | Low | [
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--- author: name: Alex Fornuto email: [email protected] description: 'Squid Proxy/Cache is a versatile piece of software with a variety of uses. These guides detail several use cases for Squid on a Linode' keywords: ["networking", "sqiud", "proxy", "cache"] license: '[CC BY-ND 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0)' published: 2014-06-20 title: 'Squid Proxy/Cache' show_in_lists: true --- | Mid | [
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In the largest of the deal, insurance firm Allianz signed a renewal for its 70,000-square-foot offices in Fosun International’s tower, The New York Post reported. Allianz will move its offices to the 24th and 25th floors of the Financial District building in the second half of 2019, according to JLL’s John Wheeler, who brokered the deal for the landlord. Currently, it occupies the same amount of square footage on the 37th and 38th floors. Allianz first took space in the building in 2013, CoStar Group data shows. Aside from Allianz, community development nonprofit the Local Initiatives Support Corporation (LISC) signed a deal to move its national headquarters from 501 Seventh Avenue to 60,000 square feet in 28 Liberty Street, according to Wheeler. The nonprofit will take the majority of the 33rd floor and the entire 34th floor and plans to move in the middle of the year, Wheeler said. LISC currently has 56,160 square feet at 501 Seventh Avenue between West 37th and West 38th Streets, CoStar data indicates. JLL’s Riguardi, Wheeler, Konsker, Berman, Turkewitz and Akers handled the deal for the landlord while Newmark Knight Frank’s Lance Korman represented the tenant. A spokesman for NKF did not immediately respond to a request for comment. In the smallest deal, grocery delivery service HelloFreshtook 43,000 square feet for parts of the ninth floor and the entire 10th floor of the 60-story tower, Wheeler said. HelloFresh, which is based in Germany, will move its New York City offices from 40 West 25th Street between Avenue of the Americas and Fifth Avenue to 28 Liberty Street in the second quarter of this year, according to Wheeler. The company, which ships customers ingredients to cook their own meals, moved to 22,000 square feet in 40 West 25th Street in 2016, as Commercial Observer reported at the time. Lee & Associates NYC’s Dennis Someck and Justin Myers brokered the deal for HelloFresh while the JLL team represented the landlord. A spokeswoman for Lee & Associates declined to comment. Asking rent for the building range from the high $50s to the mid-$70s per square foot, Wheeler said. He would not provide the length of the leases, only saying they were all over 10 years. “The greatest thing about this collection of… leasing activity we have shows just how diverse a profile of tenants find 28 Liberty Street, and Lower Manhattan, to be a right choice for them,” he said. Fosun recently completed $150 million in upgrades to the building, which added 200,000 square feet of retail space on the ground and lower three floors, according to the Post. The publication also reported that Legends Hospitality—which runs the concession stands at Yankee Stadium—in partnership with LFH Holdings will open a 35,000-square-foot food and music venue on the ground floor at 28 Liberty. | Mid | [
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Miami-Dade Wins 2012 Broad Prize for Urban Education The 2012 Broad Prize for Urban Education has been awarded to Florida’s Miami-Dade County Public Schools. The prize, which is awarded yearly to an urban school district that shows consistent improvement in student achievement, comes with a purse of $550,000 to be used for college scholarships for high school seniors graduating in 2013. This is Miami-Dade’s first win, but the district has made the final round of consideration for the prize on five previous occasions. It is the fourth-largest school district in the country, and its schools serve nearly 350,000 students. Over 100,000 of those are high-schoolers. Miami-Dade faces challenges common to large urban districts, as its student body is 90% black or Hispanic, and over 74% of its students come from low-income families. The gains the district has made over the last several years have been nothing short of amazing. Between 2006 and 2009, high school graduation rates in Miami-Dade went up by more than 14%. The jump was accompanied by increase in college preparedness and an uptick in the number of students taking college entrance exams like the SAT and earning college credit via Advanced Placement courses. This consistent growth in student achievement is what set Miami-Dade apart from the 74 other districts eligible for the country’s largest education award, Eli Broad, founder of the Eli and Edythe Broad Foundation, which awards the $1 million prize, said in a statement today. “What is encouraging about Miami-Dade is its sustainable improvement over time,” Broad said. “Their gains are a testament to the hard-working teachers, administrators and parents who have embraced innovative new methods to modernize schools and ensure that students of all backgrounds get the support they need.” Ever since the administration of Governor Jeb Bush, Florida has been at the forefront of the education reform movement. Florida schools are eager to take advantage of every innovation in classroom instruction, particularly blended learning and digital education. This greater integration of technology into the classroom also allows state education officials to collect data on the progress made by every student and use that information both to guide the reform efforts and assess teacher quality. Miami-Dade was chosen from four finalists by a selection jury made up of leaders from the business, government, and public service communities, including former U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice and Mortimer Zuckerman, editor-in-chief of U.S. News & World Report. The other finalists—Corona-Norco Unified School District in California, the Palm Beach County School District in Florida, and the Houston Independent School District—will each receive $150,000 in college scholarships. | High | [
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Q: “Ils nous aideront tous”: is there an ambiguity? (the position of “tous” in a phrase) I have a question on grammar. I know that “il nous aideront tous” can mean “they will help us all”. (There are examples on the Internet). Can it mean “they all will help us”? Like in “ils le savent tous” (“they all know it”)… I searched both this site and Google by “the position of tous” and variations, but I didn't find anything on the subject… Thank you. A: There is an ambiguity, Ils vont tous nous aider means “they will all help us”, and it's the best way to say it. Tous nous aideront is acceptable but it's formal or poetic. Ils vont nous aider tous would mean “they will help us all”, but it's a really rare use (français classique). Ils nous aideront tous can mean “they all will help us” and “they will help us all”, but the second one is counter-intuitive. One particular use is without ambiguity: Ils nous aideront tous autant que nous sommes: “they will help us all, as many as we are.” The best way to avoid any ambiguity would be : Ils aident chacun d'entre nous. Chacun d'entre eux nous aide. And it works with any tense. | Mid | [
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There is a fine line between symbiosis (mutualism) and pathogenesis. Most, if not all, animals are colonized by bacteria, many of which-the organism's "normal flora"-are tolerated or even encouraged. To establish a symbiotic relationship with an animal, a prokaryotic organism must be able to recognize and respond to a specific environment, establish communication with the host, colonize the host tissue, evade defense mechanisms, persist and multiply. Each of these steps is mirrored in pathogenic interactions, whether primary or opportunistic-and even normal flora have pathogenic potential in the event of excessive multiplication or introduction into areas they do not ordinarily inhabit. Despite the ubiquity of bacterium-animal symbioses, little is known about the genetic and molecular details of these interactions. In addition to increasing basic understanding of these important prokaryote-eukaryote alliances, the study of symbiotic interactions is expected to improve understanding of how pathogenic organisms adopt, subvert, or bypass the mechanisms leading to symbiosis and why they provoke dissimilar responses from the eukaryotic cell. The symbiosis between the bioluminescent marine bacterium Vibrio fischeri and its host, the squid Euprymna scolopes, provides an excellent opportunity to study the biology of a bacterium which can form a long- term, mutualistic association with an animal host. The symbiosis has been well-characterized at the organismal level. We now propose to begin the detailed molecular characterization of the interactions between these organisms, including establishment of the symbiotic state, signalling between the two organisms and developmental changes occurring in both partners as the symbiosis progresses. The proposed research will investigate the requirements for V fischeri colonization of host tissue, using a straightforward screen for transposon-insertion mutants defective in the initial symbiotic events. Identification and characterization of the critical colonization genes will lay the foundation for understanding signal exchange between a prokaryote and a eukaryote during the establishment of a long-term association. | High | [
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A promising, environmentally safe method for inactivating fungal spores of Penicillium digitatum, a difficult-to-inactivate food spoilage microorganism, was developed using a high-density nonequilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma (NEAPP). The NEAPP employing Ar gas had a high electron density on the order of 10(15) cm(-3). The spores were successfully and rapidly inactivated using the NEAPP, with a decimal reduction time in spores (D value) of 1.7 min. The contributions of ozone and UV radiation on the inactivation of the spores were evaluated and concluded to be not dominant, which was fundamentally different from the conventional sterilizations. | High | [
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Sports 2016-12-10T00:44:00.000000Z • Liverpool manager upset by targeting of goalkeeper in 4-3 defeat• Bournemouth defender admitted team tactic in radio interviewJürgen Klopp has described Steve Cook’s admission that Loris Karius was targeted by Bournemouth as “one of the worst things I ever heard in my life” and said it had left hi... 2016-12-10T00:00:42.000000Z Paul Nicholls’ Bouvreuil should be capable of new career peaks this season and drier ground could see him do well at Cheltenham on Saturday“Not the pace to get involved” was the verdict when Bouvreuil (1.50) was a respectable fifth in the BetVictor Gold Cup at Cheltenham last month. On the face of i... 2016-12-09T22:57:08.000000Z Stuart Armstrong scored twice as Celtic moved 11 points clear at the top of the Ladbrokes Premiership with a comfortable 4-1 win over Partick Thistle at Firhill.The former Dundee United midfielder opened the scoring in the 39th minute to give an otherwise dull first half a notable end. Continue read... 2016-12-09T22:43:51.000000Z • Mancini has coached Santos, Grêmio, Botafogo and Vasco da Gama• Tragedy-hit club will need an entire squad for new season in JanuaryChapecoense, who lost most of their players and staff when 71 passengers and crew died in an air crash in Colombia, have appointed the experienced Vagner Mancini as c... 2016-12-09T22:38:00.000000Z • Manager admits he doubted his instincts about the Chilean• Wenger says Thierry Henry was reluctant to switch from wingsArsène Wenger says he has been waiting to convert Alexis Sánchez to a striker for two years. The Chilean has scored 11 Premier League goals this season since switching from the wi... 2016-12-09T22:30:41.000000Z • Midfielder’s return to form marked by controversial incidents• Return of injured players has led to team’s upturn, says managerMauricio Pochettino believes that naughtiness is a part of what makes Dele Alli so nice in front of goal. The Tottenham Hotspur manager has watched Alli put himself at the... 2016-12-09T22:30:41.000000Z Goalkeeper knows he has made mistakes since joining Manchester City but says he and Pep Guardiola will continue to play only one way for successWhen Claudio Bravo takes his seat it is not entirely easy for an interviewer to point out that English football has never really seen a goalkeeper like him ... 2016-12-09T22:30:00.000000Z • United have scored 19 in 14 Premier League games this season• ‘Goals make a huge difference so we need to score more,’ says MourinhoJosé Mourinho has demanded more goals from Manchester United, with the manager pointing to a lack of potency as a key factor in their faltering Premier League form.Un... 2016-12-09T22:29:41.000000Z • Koeman believes striker will score more if he gets better assistance• Ross Barkley urged to show qualities on training pitch after being droppedRonald Koeman believes Romelu Lukaku is adapting to Everton’s pressing game but needs more chances from open play to correct the team’s faltering run of f... 2016-12-09T22:29:41.000000Z Brazilian defender had two friends in the Colombian plane crash, one of whom died, but now has arrival of twin Rafael to look forward to at ChristmasFábio da Silva will be in reflective mood as he boards the planes transporting Middlesbrough to and from Southampton for Sunday’s Premier League fixtur... | Low | [
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Military Waltz "Military Waltz" is a World War I song composed by Frederic Knight Logan. This song was published in 1917 by F.J.A. Forster, in Chicago Illinois. The sheet music cover features three soldiers dancing with women in a ballroom. The sheet music can be found at the Pritzker Military Museum & Library. References Bibliography Parker, Bernard S. World War I Sheet Music 1. Jefferson: McFarland & Company, Inc., 2007. . Vogel, Frederick G. World War I Songs: A History and Dictionary of Popular American Patriotic Tunes, with Over 300 Complete Lyrics. Jefferson: McFarland & Company, Inc., 1995. . Category:1917 songs Category:Songs of World War I Category:Waltzes | Low | [
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To help personalise content, tailor your experience and help us improve our services, Paddy Power uses cookies. By navigating our site, you agree to allow us to use cookies, in accordance with our Cookie Policy and Privacy Policy. OK Londoners must have been questioning whether their Starbucks had been laced with something dodgy this morning after Russian President Vladimir Putin and USA leader Donald Trump were spotted riding bareback through the capital. That’s right folks, to mark the biggest week in the racing calendar we spent this morning horsing around in London, with prosthetic-Presidents Putin and Trump – and their faithful steed apparently named ‘Trotski’. But why? Well other than the simple fact we thought it would be hilarious to see the shirtless pair on horseback – there was good reason for their arrival. Thanks to the ‘Trump-factor’ we’ve seen a HUGE increase in political bets in the lead up to racing’s biggest week, with turnover on political markets expected to top £10m across the industry in 2017. But that figure is quite-literally ‘Trumped’ by the £800m that will be staked during this #CheltMental week. Understanding racegoers know their horses from their executive orders, to celebrate this week’s racing spectacle we’re now giving them the chance to bet on both. For the first time punters can get stuck into #CheltMental-Politics specials, including; Willie Mullins to be Top Trainer and Trump to serve a 2nd Term (7/2), Ruby Walsh to be Top Jockey and Trump to be impeached in 2017 (8/1), and Neon Wolf to win the Novices Hurdle and Sean Spicer to be sacked in 2017 (20/1). Commuters were left gobsmacked by the traffic-stopping stunt with Putin and Trump, who appeared in good spirits ahead of the horse racing industry’s biggest week. The powerful duo were spotted shirtless trotting through the capital, before holding hands outside Parliament, and sharing a kiss in front of Buckingham Palace. Asked for his thoughts on the matter spokesman Paddy Power said: “With political punting at an all-time high, Vlad and The Donald seemed more than happy to swap nukes for nags ahead of the festival. “We’ve seen a huge surge in political bets since Trump took office and with a big week of horseracing ahead it made perfect sense to offer punters the chance to bet on both.” After spotting our Putin and Trump one bemused Londoner commented: “We’re used to seeing some spectacles in London but I thought I needed a pair when spotting this. “It’s not every day that you bump into the two most powerful men on the planet – it certainly set my heart racing.” Fake news I hear you say? Well sort of. To pull the stunt off we teamed up with some Hollywood special effects artists, and after 6-hours and more make-up than the entire cast of TOWIE, we transformed actors Karl Greenwood and Doug Daveney into the controversial Presidents. Toffs, rowdy footballers, and now world leaders – racing really does attract all sorts! Our #CheltMental-Politics specials 7/2 Willie Mullins to be Top Trainer and Trump to serve a 2nd Term 8/1 Ruby Walsh to be Top Jockey and Trump to be impeached in 2017 10/1 Douvan to win Queen Mother Champion Chase and Trump to resign in 2017 20/1 Limini to win the Mares Hurdle and Kellyanne Conway to be sacked in 2017 20/1 Neon Wolf to win the Novices Hurdle and Sean Spicer to be sacked in 2017 40/1 Melon to win the Supreme Novices Hurdle and Trump to outlaw Gay Marriage 50/1 Un De Sceaux to win the Ryanair and Trump to admit he wears fake tan 80/1 Cantlow to win the Cross Country Chase and Trump to make Russia first state visit 100/1 Native River to win the Gold Cup and Putin to win the Nobel Peace Prize in 2017 100/1 Colin Tizzard to be Top Trainer and Mexico to pay for Trump’s wall 100/1 Altior to win the Arkle and Trump to open Are 51 to the public 150/1 Yanworth to win the Champion Hurdle and Trump to ban Russians from US entry 200/1 Cue Card to win the Gold Cup and Trump to paint the White House Gold | Low | [
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MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Outcome of adrenal sparing surgery in heritable pheochromocytoma. The management of hereditary pheochromocytoma has drastically evolved in the last 20 years. Bilateral pheochromocytoma does not increase mortality in MEN2 or von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) mutation carriers who are followed regularly, but these mutations induce major morbidities if total bilateral adrenalectomy is performed. Cortical sparing adrenal surgery may be proposed to avoid definitive adrenal insufficiency. The surgical goal is to leave sufficient cortical tissue to avoid glucocorticoid replacement therapy. This approach was achieved by the progressive experience of minimally invasive surgery via the transperitoneal or retroperitoneal route. Cortical sparing adrenal surgery exhibits <5% significant recurrence after 10 years of follow-up and normal glucocorticoid function in more than 50% of the cases. Therefore, cortical sparing adrenal surgery should be systematically considered in the management of all patients with MEN2 or VHL hereditary pheochromocytoma. Hereditary pheochromocytoma is a rare disease, and a randomized trial comparing cortical sparing vs classical adrenalectomy is probably not possible. This lack of data most likely explains why cortical sparing surgery has not been adopted in most expert centers that perform at least 20 procedures per year for the treatment of this disease. This review examined recent data to provide insight into the technique, its indications, and the results and subsequent follow-up in the management of patients with hereditary pheochromocytoma with a special emphasis on MEN2. | High | [
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.. _bluetooth-hci-pwr-ctrl-sample: Bluetooth: HCI Power Control ############################ Overview ******** This sample application demonstrates the dynamic Tx power control over the LL of the BLE controller via Zephyr HCI VS commands. The application implements a peripheral advertising with varying Tx power. The initial advertiser TX power for the first 5s of the application is the Kconfig set default TX power. Then, the TX power variation of the advertiser is a repeatedly descending staircase pattern ranging from -4 dB to -30 dB where the Tx power levels decrease every 5s. Upon sucessful connection, the connection RSSI strength is being monitored and the Tx power of the peripheral device is modulated per connection accordingly such that energy is being saved depending on how powerful the RSSI of the connection is. The peripheral implements a simple GATT profile exposing the HR service notifying connected centrals about a dummy HR each 2s. Requirements ************ * BlueZ running on the host, or * A board with BLE support * A central device & monitor (e.g. nRF Connect) to check the RSSI values obtained from the peripheral. Building and Running ******************** This sample can be found under :zephyr_file:`samples/bluetooth/hci_pwr_ctrl` in the Zephyr tree. See :ref:`bluetooth samples section <bluetooth-samples>` for details. | Mid | [
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Q: How do i prevent my CSS affecting external plugins? As an example I got a css class which applies to all labels within my website. label { font-size: 18px; } Now after i install a external JS plugin i find that the plugin itself is affected by my base css. <div> <div class="plugin" /> <label>Xyz</label> //Dynamic html inserted by plugin </div> The plugin has its own stylesheet so how can i prevent my base css style touching any elements within the plugin div? EDIT I must add that label was a very simple example. The actual layout is more complex with global styles touching various elements. A: Don't make your css too general, try to be as specific as possible when you want to style only some of your elements. If you can't select your elements without affecting the plugin's elements add a class to them. label{ /* too general, don't use this */ /* ... */ } body > div > form > label{ /* more specific, but maybe still affecting your plugin */ /* ... */ } label.noplugin{ /* use a class on non-plugin elements */ /* ... */ } div:not(.plugin) > label{ /* affecting only children of div which are NOT tagged with the plugin class */ /* ... */ } So in your case a better way to style your label would be <div> <div class="plugin"> <label>Xyz</label> //Dynamic html inserted by plugin </div> </div> CSS: *:not(.plugin) > label { font-size: 18px; } Please note that :not is unfortunately not supported by IE ≤8. | High | [
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In its partnership with Waterfront Toronto to build a city “from the internet up” near downtown Toronto, Alphabet subsidiary Sidewalk Labs has a lot of great ideas, but how they will look in a working city is still a major question. Transportation is among the urban systems that Sidewalk promises to remake in Quayside — the 12-acre (4.9-hectare) site on Toronto’s waterfront that the company has a role in co-planning — but instead of promoting efficient transit, priority is given to ride hailing and driverless cars. On page 133 of its Request for Proposal (RFP), Sidewalk lays out three scenarios for transportation mode share. One would be forgiven for thinking that the bar on the left represents Toronto’s current mode share, but that’s not the case. That’s the 2011 mode share of auto-dependent Ward 30, which contains much of the Eastern Waterfront where Sidewalk hopes to expand once it has proven itself in Quayside, and with 54 percent of all trips made by automobile and only 30 percent by transit, it does present a negative picture. But it would be misleading to think that represents the whole of Toronto. Left to right: 2011 mode share of Wards 30 and 28, followed by Sidewalk’s mode share goal (RFP, p. 133) The second bar is not the city either, but the more transit-reliant Ward 28, where Quayside is located, as of 2011. Sidewalk says that if “best practices” were followed, such as connecting Quayside to existing transit routes, the site would reflect the mode share of the rest of the ward. Finally, the third bar is what Quayside could achieve if Sidewalk is allowed to pursue its vision, and it’s here the company’s priorities become apparent. Transit use would only increase by a single percentage point, while automobile use would be reduced to 15 percent by a larger uptake of walking and cycling (35 percent) and the use of driverless vehicles, ride hailing, and car share services (10 percent). Without a deeper read, this chart makes it look like Sidewalk’s plan would be a major improvement on the current mobility patterns in the city, but the picture is more mixed. The numbers show that transit use has increased over the past decade, along with walking and cycling, and it would be reasonable to believe that the same applies to Ward 28, meaning the small transit increase predicted by Sidewalk may already be the area’s reality. Chart from Toronto Star. Data from Statistics Canada. In 2016, the national census found that 51 percent of trips in Toronto were made by automobile, 37 percent by transit, 8.6 percent on foot, and 4.6 percent on bike. It’s to be expected that residents of Quayside — it being so close to downtown — would be able to have a higher than average rates of walking and cycling, and Sidewalk’s plans in this area are very positive. The company wants to build retractable canopies that will extend when there is inclement weather and heat bike lanes to melt snow. However, the minimal improvement in the rate of transit use, paired with the large increase in shared automobility services is more concerning, and there are several aspects of Sidewalk’s plan which show how the company is trying to give priority to ride hailing and driverless vehicles, while potentially even hampering the efficiency of transit and the experience of walkers and cyclists. Given that Sidewalk’s sister-company Waymo is one of the leaders in the driverless vehicle space, and it states several times in the RFP that it wants to use those vehicles in Quayside, it is worrying that the company seems to be prioritizing its own technologies from which it will profit instead of transportation that can more efficiently move a greater number of people. Extending Transit to Quayside Let’s start with the positive. It’s important to remember that Quayside is a very small site, but Sidewalk hopes that its involvement will lead to a role in the planning of the larger 800-acre (325-hectare) Eastern Waterfront. Most of Sidewalk’s plans revolve not so much around Quayside, but that larger area, and sometimes even the City of Toronto as a whole. Sidewalk wants the City to add or extend several transit routes to Quayside so it has a good connection to other parts of the city and key infrastructure. The diagram on page 139 of the RFP illustrates these connections. Proposed transit expansions to Quayside (RFP, p. 139) Streetcar line 514 would be extended to Quayside, connecting it to the Yonge-University subway line and King Street, where a one-year pilot project is underway giving streetcars and pedestrians priority by restricting vehicles. The company also wants streetcar line 510 Spadina — which it incorrectly labels 501 — to be extended to Quayside for a direct connection to the University of Toronto, and a new streetcar added to connect Quayside to Union Station. Bus 65 would be extended to connect Quayside with Parliament Street and the Bloor-Danforth subway line, and two ferry services would be added to Jack Layton Terminal and Billy Bishop Airport. Aside from actual transit connections, Sidewalk also proposes working with the city to “apply transit-friendly technology and street management techniques,” referring to the streetlights it’s developing for Quayside which will use computer vision to detect vehicles, transit, cyclists, and pedestrians, making it easier to give priority to the latter three. This is just one example of how Sidewalk is trying to push its own technologies into the fabric of the city, not just in Quayside or the Eastern Waterfront. While its transit plans are not bad — even welcome — there are other changes directed toward promoting driverless vehicles that are worrying. Complicated Street Layout As part of its city “built from the internet up,” Sidewalk seeks to abandon the street grid system that has proven to be the best layout not only for transit services, but also for pedestrians and cyclists. Transportation consultant Jarrett Walker argues that cities with a grid pattern “have a huge structural advantage in evolving into a transit metropolis,” yet that’s exactly what Sidewalk wants to move away from. | Low | [
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Awards Season Feature Post Carol Keeping a tally of the (wins/nominations) for this year's awards season. Scroll down way below to see which Awards are being... Jan 13, 2012 Critics Choice Awards 2012 Well here we go, Critics Choice Awards were today and i was really excited to see the winners. The ceremony happened when i was asleep obviously, i really want to see it now but anyway. I am really glad for all the winners, not much shocks or anything but there were some few of them. The Artist was destined to win and so were the cast of The Help. I thought Shailene Woodley deserved the young actor/actress award and no one else. Feeling confident about Mr. Plummer's future with the Oscars. Congratulations to all the winners. Below is the full list: Best PictureThe Artist Best DirectorMichel Hazanavicius, The Artist Best ActorGeorge Clooney, The Descendants Best ActressViola Davis, The Help Best Supporting ActorChristopher Plummer, Beginners Best Supporting ActressOctavia Spencer, The Help Best Adapted ScreenplayMoneyball Best Original ScreenplayMidnight in Paris Best Art DirectionHugoBest CinematographyWar Horse Best Costume DesignThe Artist Best EditingThe Girl with the Dragon Tattoo Best MakeupHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows 2 Best ScoreThe Artist Best Song“Life’s A Happy Song,” The Muppets Best SoundHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows 2 Best Visual EffectsRise of the Planet of the Apes Best Animated FeatureRango Best Foreign Language FilmA Separation Best Documentary FeatureGeorge Harrison: …Material World Best Action MovieDrive Best ComedyBridesmaids Best Young Actor/ActressThomas Horn, Extremely Loud & Incredibly Close | Mid | [
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The present invention relates to a hydraulically controlled brake comprising at least one friction element, for example a pad where a disc brake is concerned, designed to be clamped against a rotating track under the thrust of a piston mounted to slide in a cylinder body, in response to a generation of pressure in a control chamber filled with hydraulic fluid and defined by the piston in the cylinder body. The invention relates more particularly to such a brake, in which the piston comprises a cup-shaped piece which has a cylindrical side wall engaged in the cylinder body and a bottom adjacent to the control chamber. The invention relates even more particularly to such a brake, in which means are provided to prevent an excessive rise in temperature of the hydraulic fluid and consist of a cylindrical core which is made of mechanically resistant and thermally insulating material and which is engaged in the cup. In general, the means for fitting the core into the cup make use of an effect which involves engaging the core into the cup by force, thus increasing the production cost. The subject of the present invention is a hydraulically controlled brake of the type mentioned above, in which the construction of the piston is particularly simple and convenient, at the same time with a reduced cost price and excellent effectiveness against the risks of excessive heat of the hydraulic fluid. | Mid | [
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Contents Overview The environment in which people live has a profound impact on their quality of life and wellbeing. In surveys the public have consistently identified local environmental factors as being one of the most important factors in their wellbeing. As a result English Local Authorities spent over £6 billion on environmental services in 2011. It is therefore important that the impacts on the local environment of any proposed policy, programme or project are understood and fully reflected in decision making. This page provides support on how such impacts can be reflected. The appropriate approach will depend upon the decision being made. These economic valuation tools provide a way to assess the scale of impact but may not be representative at a local level. Defra recommends using the tool to support: prioritising between different aspects of local environment. valuing small changes from relevant decisions. producing indicative estimates for larger changes. Economic valuation tools To enable the proportionate assessment marginal values have been estimated to convert changes in local environmental quality to monetary values. Table 1 below provides the marginal value placed on improvements in each aspect of the local environment. using a common ten point scale. This approach has been provided to better support prioritisation between factors based on a common number of levels. Table 1: Values of changes in local environmental quality (per person per month) Value of unit change Original scale 10 point scale Scale Value Litter 1 – 4 £9.88 £3.95 Trees 1 – 4 £5.83 £2.33 Dog Fouling 1 – 4 £4.73 £1.89 Chewing Gum 1 – 3 £7.23 £2.17 Fly-tipping 1 – 5 £7.42 £3.71 Quiet Areas 1 – 5 £2.74 £1.37 Odour 1 – 5 £3.82 £1.91 Graffiti 1 – 3 £1.87 £0.56 Light Pollution 1 – 5 £1.26 £0.63 Light Intrusion 1 – 4 £0.85 £0.34 The values presented above provide an indicative estimate of the value of the changes in the local environment. They do not comprehensively reflect the impacts and so where a decision is likely to have a substantial impact a more detailed assessment may be justified. | High | [
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Bot Libre now supports integrating with XML and JSON web services, HTML scraping, and access to Twitter, Facebook, Telegram, email, and other services. From our scripting languages Self, and AIML you can now access any web service that returns XML or JSON data. You can also scrape information from HTML web pages, and send emails, tweets, Facebook posts, Telegram posts, and more. Web Services A web service is an Internet service that provides information on the web. There are countless APIs available on the web that provide every type of service imaginable, such as Google Maps, Twitter, Twilio SMS, and eBay. There also many Internet directories to help you find and use web services such as ProgrammableWeb. Bot Libre provides web service support through its Self scripting language, and through the AIML scripting language. Bot Libre also provides a script library of common scripts to access many useful web services. XML Web Services XML is the parent markup language to HTML. XML defines a text based data format consisting of the data's attributes, elements, and text data. To call an XML webservice you use a web URL with either a GET request, or a POST request. Bot Libre supports both GET and POST request with Self, and supports GET requests with AIML. XML GET Example This example uses the GeoNames web service from GeoNames.org. Geonames can return place names and other geographic information, given a postal code, or other geographic information. You can access web services from Self using a Template object in a response, or from a script. The Http class is used calling the requestXML method and passing the URL, and an optional XPath expression that extract the desired data from the XML document. XPath is a standard navigation query syntax to access or extract data from an XML document. If an XPath is not given, the call will automatically convert the XML data to a Self object. You can access the object's data using the standard JavaScript dot notation. It is much more efficient to use an XPath, so the entire XML document does not need to be converted and persisted as a Self object. AIML Example You can access a web service from AIML using the SRAIX tag. SRAIX is an AIML tag used to call other services, or other bots. SRAIX has several attributes, the service must be set to XML to access an XML service, and the URL is given as the SRAIX body. An XPath expression must be provided to the call to extract the desired text data from the XML document. XML POST Example An XML POST request sends, and receives XML data. Many web services use POST requests so the application can provide data to the call. This example will actually call the Bot Libre web API using a POST request. This is somewhat unusual, as the bot is already on Bot Libre, but this lets one bot talk to another bot. Be careful doing this, as you do not want bots to get into loops or cycles. You can use this same pattern to call any other web service that takes and returns XML data, even call bots on other servers or APIs. Bot Libre also provides the sraix AIML tag and the request() Self API to allow bots to talk to other bots on Bot Libre or other services such as PandoraBots, and PersonalityForge. Self Example This example uses a Self state to forward a question to Brain Bot when the user says "ask Brain Bot". JSON Web Services JSON is the standard text base object format for JavaScript. JSON can be used to convert any JavaScript object to text, and included attributes, nested objects, and arrays. To call a JSON webservice you use a web URL with either a GET request, or a POST request. Bot Libre supports both GET and POST request with Self, and supports GET requests with AIML. JSON GET Example This example uses the GeoNames web service from GeoNames.org. Geonames can return place names and other geographic information, given a postal code, or other geographic information. You can apply the same pattern to access many other JSON web services. You can access web services from Self using a Template object in a response, or from a script. The Http class is used calling the requestJSON method and passing the URL, and an optional attribute that extract the desired data from the JSON document. AIML Example You can access a web service from AIML using the SRAIX tag. SRAIX is an AIML tag used to call other services, or other bots. SRAIX has several attributes, the service must be set to JSON to access a JSON service, and the URL is given as the SRAIX body. A object attribute must be provided to the call to extract the desired text data from the JSON document. Only basic JSON web services can be called with AIML, as AIML is texted based, not object based. Only direct attributes can be accessed. Since our GeoNames examples returns complex data, an AIML example is not possible. HTML Scraping HTML is the markup language used in all websites on the Internet. You can access data from an HTML page using the URL for the page, and an XPath expression to extract the data. Refer to the XML example for a description of XPath. Bot Libre supports HTML scraping with Self, and AIML. HTML Example You can access HTML data from Self using a Template object in a response, or from a script. The Http class is used calling the requestHTML method and passing the URL, and an XPath expression that extracts the desired data from the HTML document. AIML HTML Example You can access a web service from AIML using the SRAIX tag. SRAIX is an AIML tag used to call other services, or other bots. SRAIX has several attributes, the service must be set to HTML to access an XML service, and the URL is given as the SRAIX body. 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Q: how to set print title rows in excel sheet using POI? I'd like to set print title rows so header would be printed on the top of every page I'm using POI 2.5.1 A: First, don't use such an old version of POI. The latest stable version as of this writing is 3.9. To answer your actual question, you can use the setRepeatingRows method in the Sheet interface. (As of Apache POI 3.5, .xlsx is supported with the org.apache.poi.xssf.* packages. A common interface was developed in the org.apache.poi.ss.* packages, and almost everything "HSSF" has been extracted into common interfaces, e.g. HSSFSheet implements Sheet. Similarly, almost everything "XSSF" implements those same interfaces also.) In fact, the Busy Developer's Guide contains an example of its usage: // Set the rows to repeat from row 4 to 5 on the first sheet. sheet1.setRepeatingRows(CellRangeAddress.valueOf("4:5")); | High | [
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I've worked on a number of arduino projects that involve tracking balloons/planes/boats. So far I've always used a GSM modem to send data in the form of SMS messages. The catch is that above a few hundred feet, or out-of sight of the shore the modem stops working for obvious reasons. The solution seems to be to use a satellite modem. I've seen solutions in the past that are based on hardware-hacking of old satellite phones, but even this seems to involve expensive hardware, long contracts and expensive data rates. Just buying an iridium modem seems to be impossible, they only seem interested in selling large quantities at high prices with long contracts I've come across this recently.....http://rockblock.rock7mobile.com/This seems to tick most of boxes, the modem is about £160, the subscription is £8 a month and it's 12 pence for 50 characters. My questions are...Has anyone used this with an arduino? if so any problems?Is anyone aware of any similar or better options? I'm not involved with it, but I understand that the UK High Altitude Society have a free collaborative radio tracking solution which might conceivably work for you. Otherwise, the conventional solution seems to be some sort of ham radio based system. I'm not surprised that satellite phone based solutions are expensive - it needs specialist hardware and the price you quoted seems quite a lot cheaper than I remember from Inmarsat. I only provide help via the forum - please do not contact me for private consultancy. Hello WorldRockBLOCK can send and receive short messages from anywhere on Earth with a view of the sky.Compatible with Windows, Mac and Linux computers (including Raspberry PI™) and many other platforms with USB or serial ports. So far I've always used a GSM modem to send data in the form of SMS messages. GSM modem -> 2G technologies plan B. upgrade it to 4G Wimax, 30 to 40 megabit-per-second data rates, and 34 mb seem is the standard. Operating at the maximum range of 50 km (31 mi). to make 4G Wimax working with Arduino is easy. use Raspberry PI as shield connect with Wimax USB stick, and connect Raspberry PI via USB to Arduino. It works for me. I need to send data from an Arduino data logger to remote SQL server, from remote places with little or no GSM / GPRS signal. Has anyone done something like this, successfully? The monitoring will be done in Africa though. Just use a radio modem in 400 Mhz band UHF , with FSK or QFSK modulation or other, you do not get the high data rate like the modem but with a power amplifier of 6 to 10 W and a directive high gain antenna you cold receive the data with no problem from space. Of course you shod have a transceiver or the proper equipment, antenna, etc at the receiving side. See APRS ISS transmission from space for reference. Also there are radio repeater satellites for HAM radio use if you can send data threw thous. Up link in VHF and Down link in UHF and so on. | Mid | [
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<?php /* * This file is part of the Predis package. * * (c) Daniele Alessandri <[email protected]> * * For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE * file that was distributed with this source code. */ namespace Predis\Iterator; use PredisTestCase; use Predis\Client; /** * @group realm-iterators */ class MultiBulkResponseTupleTest extends PredisTestCase { /** * @group disconnected * @expectedException RuntimeException * @expectedExceptionMessage Cannot initialize a tuple iterator with an already initiated iterator */ public function testInitiatedMultiBulkIteratorsAreNotValid() { $connection = $this->getMock('Predis\Connection\SingleConnectionInterface'); $iterator = new MultiBulkResponseSimple($connection, 2); $iterator->next(); new MultiBulkResponseTuple($iterator); } /** * @group disconnected * @expectedException UnexpectedValueException * @expectedExceptionMessage Invalid reply size for a tuple iterator [3] */ public function testMultiBulkWithOddSizesAreInvalid() { $connection = $this->getMock('Predis\Connection\SingleConnectionInterface'); $iterator = new MultiBulkResponseSimple($connection, 3); new MultiBulkResponseTuple($iterator); } /** * @group connected */ public function testIterableMultibulk() { $client = $this->getClient(); $client->zadd('metavars', 1, 'foo', 2, 'hoge', 3, 'lol'); $this->assertInstanceOf('OuterIterator', $iterator = $client->zrange('metavars', 0, -1, 'withscores')->asTuple()); $this->assertInstanceOf('Predis\Iterator\MultiBulkResponseTuple', $iterator); $this->assertInstanceOf('Predis\Iterator\MultiBulkResponseSimple', $iterator->getInnerIterator()); $this->assertTrue($iterator->valid()); $this->assertSame(3, $iterator->count()); $this->assertSame(array('foo', '1'), $iterator->current()); $this->assertSame(1, $iterator->next()); $this->assertTrue($iterator->valid()); $this->assertSame(array('hoge', '2'), $iterator->current()); $this->assertSame(2, $iterator->next()); $this->assertTrue($iterator->valid()); $this->assertSame(array('lol', '3'), $iterator->current()); $this->assertSame(3, $iterator->next()); $this->assertFalse($iterator->valid()); $this->assertTrue($client->ping()); } /** * @group connected */ public function testGarbageCollectorDropsUnderlyingConnection() { $client = $this->getClient(); $client->zadd('metavars', 1, 'foo', 2, 'hoge', 3, 'lol'); $iterator = $client->zrange('metavars', 0, -1, 'withscores')->asTuple(); unset($iterator); $this->assertFalse($client->isConnected()); $this->assertTrue($client->ping()); } // ******************************************************************** // // ---- HELPER METHODS ------------------------------------------------ // // ******************************************************************** // /** * Returns a new client instance. * * @return Client */ protected function getClient() { $parameters = $this->getParametersArray(array( 'iterable_multibulk' => true, 'read_write_timeout' => 2, )); $client = $this->createClient($parameters); return $client; } } | Mid | [
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Perverserknight's Mother Load of Fun: ALL CONTRIBUTORS WELCOME! Add a female character (who's a mom, of course) of your choice from any anime, cartoon or other animation dressed like a movie character for 50+ votes; A Word of Caution - Anyone that tries to add less than 50 votes will NOT have their favorite milf included and your votes will be considered a gracious tip to the winning artist. Of course if no one casts any extra votes then this will simply be a two character scene: Toph and Katara (adult ver.) dressed like Trinity and Niobe (The Matrix) banged in the missionary and pretzel positions. All references will be provided as needed to the artist. Perverserknight's Mother Load of Fun: ALL CONTRIBUTORS WELCOME! Add a female character (who's a mom, of course) of your choice from any anime, cartoon or other animation dressed like a movie character for 50+ votes; A Word of Caution - Anyone that tries to add less than 50 votes will NOT have their favorite milf included and your votes will be considered a gracious tip to the winning artist. Of course if no one casts any extra votes then this will simply be a two character scene: Toph and Katara (adult ver.) dressed like Trinity and Niobe (The Matrix) banged in the missionary and pretzel positions. All references will be provided as needed to the artist. Suguha kirigaya riding kazuto kirigaya like on the first pic wearing the clothes on the other, in the location on the second and third pic. Her pants are ripped apart and her large breast are reaveled. [img id="7997128f0e75c6480dae00f8fb7c015d"] [img id="14fb4a6e9d73564b3488186e36d36a2d"] [img id="f2373173b2c68f6ed8f2c36358f02374"] Carnal Knowledge: With school back in session, these mature women decide to show their students something not shown in their textbooks; each lady is fucked by random guys w/ huge cocks exactly like in each reference provided: Tsunade (Naruto) in this Position - Image and Rinko Iori (Gundam Build Fighters) in this Position - Image Both Tsunade and Rinko are wearing sexy lipstick and business blazers with high heels similar to this - Image Merlin (Seven Deadly Sins) in this Position - Image dressed like this - Image and Suyin (Legend of Korra) in this position - Image (make it anal) dressed like this - Image All of the ladies are curvy w/ large assets out in full sight and their facial expressions are slutty, filled with ecstasy. Based on this work (), a version with completely naked characters -Lucy, Wendy, Sarda, Himawari Nami, Nico Robin have the shaved pussy. -Bulma, Chichi, Erza, Sakura, Tsunade, Hinata, Leafa have slightly hairy pussy (). -Tsunade has a hairy pussy than the others. -Chichi, Erza, Tsunade, Hinata, Nico Robin have breasts falling (Saggy:) -The breasts of Tsunade falls more than others. NB: The pussy of the girls are the same color as the hair of the characters. thank you of showing finished work, to see whether its modification to provide, before putting it on the site. thank you very much | Low | [
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Religion Census: Increase in Evangelicals, Mormons, Muslims; Decrease in Catholics, Mainline Protestants Religion Census: Increase in Evangelicals, Mormons, Muslims; Decrease in Catholics, Mainline Protestants Email Print Img No-img Menu Whatsapp Google Reddit Digg Stumbleupon Linkedin Comment A decennial census of U.S. religions in America was released Tuesday by the Association of Statisticians of American Religious Bodies (ASARB). The results show a dramatic increase in the number of Latter-day Saints, or Mormons, and Muslims, a modest increase in the number of evangelical Protestants, and a drop in the number of Catholics and mainline Protestants. Muslims saw the greatest growth rate among the five main religious groups studied. Their numbers increased by 66.7 percent in the 2010 census from a decade earlier. Latter-day Saints saw the next highest growth at 45.5 percent, followed by evangelical Protestants at only 1.7 percent. The number of Catholics decreased by five percent and the number of mainline Protestants decreased by 12.8 percent. Notably, when combined, nondenominational and independent churches are now the largest faith group, with over 12 million adherents, according to the report. Evangelical Protestants and Latter-day Saints saw their greatest growth in the nine most populated metropolitan areas. These areas each have over 5 million people. Evangelical Christians increased their numbers by 12.3 percent and Latter-day Saints increased their numbers by 66.9 percent in these areas. Muslims, by contrast, grew at a faster rate outside of the major metropolitan areas. The census also shows an increase in religious diversity in the United States. In the 2000 census, at least one non-Christian religious congregation was found in 21 percent of America's counties. In the 2010 census, that had risen to 31 percent, a nearly 50 percent increase. ASARB's U.S. Religion Census is the most thorough study of its kind. County-level data is collected for 236 different religious groups. The first census was taken in 1952, to be followed up in 1971, 1980, 1990, 2000 and, now, 2010. "With 236 participating bodies, the 2010 US Religion Census is the most comprehensive local-level analysis of U.S. religious adherents and attendance in more than 60 years," said Clifford Grammich, the chairman of the ASARB operations committee for the study, in a statement. "We are especially pleased to have increased participation for several independent and non-Christian bodies." At the study's website you can view graphical representations of the wealth of data the census provides. One can select their own denomination or religious group, for instance, and view a map of how its numbers have changed, by county, over the previous decade. Get The Christian Post newsletter in your inbox. The top 7 stories of the day, curated just for you! Delivery: Weekdays SEE VIDEO OF THE ONEMINUTEAPOLOGIST ASKING IF ALL RELIGIONS LEAD TO HEAVEN? READ: CHRISTIANITY AND ANGRY CRITICS | High | [
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The only suspect ever charged, Minneapolis activist and graduate student Scott Ryan DeMuth, has always maintained his innocence. Under a plea bargain in September, federal prosecutors dropped allegations that he played a role in the attack, and he instead pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor for helping in a 2006 break-in at a ferret farm in Minnesota. Barring a surprise development, that means nobody will be held criminally responsible for the raid in which masked men broke into Spence Laboratories, freed 400 rats and mice, dumped chemicals on data, damaged computers and equipment and publicized researchers' home addresses. The university estimated the damage at $500,000, not including the years of research lost. "While active investigation of the attack on the University of Iowa Laboratory has been completed, there are still ongoing investigations into other potential criminal activities that came to light during the course of the investigation," Weysan Dun, special agent in charge of the FBI's Omaha office, said in a statement Monday. DeMuth's lawyer, Michael Deutsch of Chicago, said the five-year statute of limitations on the attack has run out and the FBI "hasn't come up with anybody." The government could still theoretically bring charges against suspects by arguing a criminal conspiracy existed for years afterward, he said. UI psychology researchers whose work was destroyed still call the Nov. 14, 2004, attack an act of domestic terrorism. They said they are disappointed nobody will be held responsible, but praised the FBI's aggressive pursuit of the case. "While this wasn't the outcome we had hoped for ... the message was clearly sent that felony acts committed in the name of liberating animals are not going to be tolerated," UI Psychology Department Chairman Alan Christensen said. But Deutsch said the investigation into DeMuth, who was originally indicted on one count of conspiring to commit animal enterprise terrorism, was an overreach. DeMuth came under scrutiny after authorities investigating alleged criminal acts by protesters during the 2008 Republican National Convention in St. Paul, Minn., raided his home and seized his computer and a journal. In a 2005 entry, he wrote he was worried about federal scrutiny and that "it's been almost a year since Iowa" but did not elaborate. Authorities said DeMuth's height was similar to one of the masked intruders seen in a video released by the Animal Liberation Front, an extremist group that took responsibility for the attack. Deutsch said the journal entry was referring to a 2004 meeting of protesters in Des Moines, not the university attack, and he noted the identities of those in the video could not be ascertained because of their disguises. DeMuth contends his indictment was vindictive, coming after he refused to answer questions before a grand jury, and that he was targeted because his political views are anarchist. The charge also came days before the statute of limitations ran out. His former girlfriend, Carrie Feldman, was detained in connection with the investigation but released without being charged. "They made a desperate effort to haul Mr. DeMuth into it, but he wasn't involved in it in any way," Deutsch said. "It just seemed like they were desperate to hold somebody accountable. The statute was about to run out, and they falsely accused this young man of being involved. The FBI has put in a lot of resources to figure it out and hasn't come up with anybody." But UI psychology professor Amy Poremba, whose research was among that destroyed, scoffed at the notion that DeMuth was innocent. The 23-year-old faces prison time when he is sentenced in January for the April 2006 release of ferrets from Lakeside Ferrets Inc., a ferret breeder in Minnesota. "By pleading guilty to the ferret break-in, Demuth admits he is clearly connected to groups willing to break the law," Poremba said. "The FBI investigation was very useful in gaining information about the population involved in these terror activities." Dun said the case was a priority for the FBI, which collaborated with federal prosecutors, UI police and the Joint Terrorism Task Force. Hundreds of interviews were conducted, and investigators collected and analyzed extensive amounts of evidence, he said. An FBI affidavit last year spelled out the painstaking investigation, which concluded the overalls worn by suspects were bought in Cedar Rapids, and the Animal Liberation Front may have sent its message taking responsibility from a computer in UI's law library. Investigators raided the home of an activist in Salt Lake City in connection with the case, but that person, Peter Daniel Young, was never charged. Young, who has been convicted in a string of incidents in which he freed mink from fur farms, called the case "among the most egregious examples of prosecutorial overzealousness in the animal liberation movement's history" on his blog. He denied involvement in the Iowa attack, which he called one of the largest and most successful on a university research lab. "They were able to get in deep inside a laboratory that had some fairly sophisticated security," he said. "They were able to get animals out, smash the labs up and not be apprehended. That was very empowering for lots of activists." | Low | [
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Q: Python - Get webpage parsed source code I need to scrape data from a webpage that use javascript encryption to protect data, so if I visit the page from my browser and I look at the source code I'm not able to see the data, but if I do "Analyze element" in Mozilla or I download the page on my computer and then examine the source code, I see the needed data not encrypted. At the moment I'm using: import requests source = requests.get(url).text but I receive the unparsed source code I've also tried to use wget: import wget source = wget.download(url) but it downloads an "Access denied Cloudflare" page. How can I access the parsed source code in Python? A: If a page is rendered by JavaScript, you need to use a headless browser like PhantomJS to download it and access the document structure. A headless browser will run the JavaScript on the page and create the document by fetching external data, populating tables, etc., just like a real browser. Here is an example of a PhantomJS program downloading a page and getting the document title: var page = require('webpage').create(); page.open(url, function(status) { var title = page.evaluate(function() { return document.title; }); console.log('Page title is ' + title); phantom.exit(); }); | High | [
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<annotation> <folder>widerface</folder> <filename>15--Stock_Market_15_Stock_Market_Stock_Market_15_465.jpg</filename> <source> <database>wider face Database</database> <annotation>PASCAL VOC2007</annotation> <image>flickr</image> <flickrid>-1</flickrid> </source> <owner> <flickrid>yanyu</flickrid> <name>yanyu</name> </owner> <size> <width>1024</width> <height>775</height> <depth>3</depth> </size> <segmented>0</segmented> <object> <name>face</name> <pose>Unspecified</pose> <truncated>1</truncated> <difficult>0</difficult> <bndbox> <xmin>696</xmin> <ymin>185</ymin> <xmax>826</xmax> <ymax>352</ymax> </bndbox> <lm> <x1>710.143</x1> <y1>252.812</y1> <x2>760.5</x2> <y2>246.518</y2> <x3>713.29</x3> <y3>277.991</y3> <x4>713.29</x4> <y4>314.71</y4> <x5>747.911</x5> <y5>311.562</y5> <visible>0</visible> <blur>0.82</blur> </lm> <has_lm>1</has_lm> </object> <object> <name>face</name> <pose>Unspecified</pose> <truncated>1</truncated> <difficult>0</difficult> <bndbox> <xmin>265</xmin> <ymin>87</ymin> <xmax>313</xmax> <ymax>137</ymax> </bndbox> <lm> <x1>275.179</x1> <y1>107.821</y1> <x2>292.536</x2> <y2>106.857</y2> <x3>280.643</x3> <y3>116.821</y3> <x4>276.786</x4> <y4>127.107</y4> <x5>289.964</x5> <y5>126.786</y5> <visible>1</visible> <blur>0.53</blur> </lm> <has_lm>1</has_lm> </object> <object> <name>face</name> <pose>Unspecified</pose> <truncated>1</truncated> <difficult>0</difficult> <bndbox> <xmin>513</xmin> <ymin>112</ymin> <xmax>544</xmax> <ymax>160</ymax> </bndbox> <lm> <x1>533.571</x1> <y1>132.571</y1> <x2>536.911</x2> <y2>132.875</y2> <x3>539.643</x3> <y3>141.982</y3> <x4>534.786</x4> <y4>150.179</y4> <x5>538.429</x5> <y5>149.571</y5> <visible>1</visible> <blur>0.44</blur> </lm> <has_lm>1</has_lm> </object> <object> <name>face</name> <pose>Unspecified</pose> <truncated>1</truncated> <difficult>0</difficult> <bndbox> <xmin>737</xmin> <ymin>123</ymin> <xmax>762</xmax> <ymax>151</ymax> </bndbox> <lm> <x1>740.786</x1> <y1>135.464</y1> <x2>750.429</x2> <y2>135.464</y2> <x3>742.75</x3> <y3>142.429</y3> <x4>740.25</x4> <y4>147.071</y4> <x5>746.143</x5> <y5>146.893</y5> <visible>1</visible> <blur>0.28</blur> </lm> <has_lm>1</has_lm> </object> <object> <name>face</name> <pose>Unspecified</pose> <truncated>1</truncated> <difficult>0</difficult> <bndbox> <xmin>877</xmin> <ymin>80</ymin> <xmax>912</xmax> <ymax>126</ymax> </bndbox> <lm> <x1>903.723</x1> <y1>95.518</y1> <x2>906.67</x2> <y2>95.518</y2> <x3>910.795</x3> <y3>106.125</y3> <x4>902.545</x4> <y4>114.67</y4> <x5>904.018</x5> <y5>114.67</y5> <visible>1</visible> <blur>0.41</blur> </lm> <has_lm>1</has_lm> </object> </annotation> | Mid | [
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Bioxsine Pure and White Deo Roll On BIOXSINE PURE & WHITE Deo Roll-On creates an invisible protective barrier against the formation of odor and with its non-sticky, non-staining formula, it leaves no white residue and can be used safely by both men and women. BIOXSINE PURE & WHITE Deo Roll-On creates an invisible protective barrier against the formation of odor and with its non-sticky, non-staining formula, it leaves no white residue and can be used safely by both men and women. | Low | [
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IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE BRIAN I. CAMMILE, § § Petitioner Below— § No. 363, 2014 Appellant, § § V. § Court Below—Superior Court § of the State of Delaware, STATE OF DELAWARE, § in and for New Castle County § CA. No. N14M—05-148 Respondent Below— § Appellee. § Submitted: December 19, 2014 Decided: January 16, 2015 Before STRINE, Chief Justice, HOLLAND, and VALIHURA, Justices. O R D E R This 16th day of January 2015, upon consideration of the appellant’s opening brief and the State’s motion to affirm, it appears to the Court that: (l) The appellant, Brian Cammile, has filed this appeal from the Superior Court’s denial of his petition for a writ of mandamus. The State has filed a motion to affirm the Superior Court’s judgment on the ground that it is manifest on the face of Cammile’s opening brief that his appeal is without merit. We agree and affirm. (2) Cammile is an inmate in the custody of the Department of Correction. He pled guilty in 2006 to two counts of Burglary in the Second Degree and four additional charges. The Superior Court sentenced Cammile on each burglary conviction as a habitual offender under 11 Del. C. § 4214(a) to eight years at Level V incarceration, for a total mandatory sentence of sixteen years. In May 2014, Cammile filed a petition for a writ of mandamus requesting the Superior Court to compel the Department of Correction (DOC) to file a sentence modification motion on his behalf under 11 Del. C. § 4217 The Superior Court held that Cammile was not entitled to have the DOC file a motion on his behalf and denied his petition for a writ. This appeal followed. (3) The Superior Court may issue a writ of mandamus to a State officer, tribunal, board or agency to compel the performance of an official duty.1 Mandamus issues not as a matter of right but only in the exercise of sound judicial discretion.2 A writ of mandamus is appropriate only if the petitioner can establish a clear legal right to the performance of a nondiscretionary duty.3 (4) In this case, the Superior Court did not abuse its discretion in denying Cammile’s petition for a writ of mandamus. Cammile did not establish that the DOC had arbitrarily refilsed to perform a nondiscretionary duty owed to him. 1 10 Del. C. § 564 (2013). 2 Schagrin Gas Co. v. Evans, 418 A.2d 997, 998 (Del. 1980). 3 Semick v. Dep ’t of Corr. , 477 A.2d 707, 708 (Del. 1984). NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS ORDERED that the judgment of the Superior Court is AF FIRNIED. BY THE COURT: /s/ Randy J. Holland Justice | Mid | [
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Q: How can i add a next and previous button at the segmented Controller on a navigation bar in iphone application development? I am in great trouble....How can i set next and previous button/arrow at my segmented bar...if anyone need brief about my problem then please see this link...How can i add a next and previous button at the segmented Controller? i have attached an image to understand the problem...so anybody help me please.... NOTE THAT: In my current project it has more than 5 buttons to add at the segmented bar so when i will press next/previous arrow then segmented bar should be move from his place.If my question is not clear to you then please see my another link.... Thanks in Advance EDIT: UIBarButtonItem *previousBarButtonItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] //init]; initWithTitle:@"<" style:UIBarButtonItemStyleBordered target:self action:@selector(previousBarButtonAction:)]; self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem = previousBarButtonItem; [previousBarButtonItem release]; UIBarButtonItem *nextBarButtonItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] //init]; initWithTitle:@">" style:UIBarButtonItemStyleBordered target:self action:@selector(nextBarButtonAction:)]; self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = nextBarButtonItem; [nextBarButtonItem release]; //This Portion For UIToolbar topToolBar = [UIToolbar new]; topToolBar.barStyle = UIBarStyleDefault; [topToolBar sizeToFit]; topToolBar.frame = CGRectMake(50, 410, 280, 50); //Add buttons UIBarButtonItem *systemItem1 = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemAdd target:self action:@selector(pressButton1:)]; UIBarButtonItem *systemItem2 = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemAction target:self action:@selector(pressButton2:)]; UIBarButtonItem *systemItem3 = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemCamera target:self action:@selector(pressButton3:)]; //Use this to put space in between your toolbox buttons UIBarButtonItem *flexItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithBarButtonSystemItem:UIBarButtonSystemItemFlexibleSpace target:nil action:nil]; //Add buttons to the array NSArray *items = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: systemItem1, flexItem, systemItem2, flexItem, systemItem3, nil]; //release buttons [systemItem1 release]; [systemItem2 release]; [systemItem3 release]; [flexItem release]; //add array of buttons to toolbar [topToolBar setItems:items animated:NO]; self.navigationItem.titleView = topToolBar; this is my current coding position now i have 4 buttons in the uitoolbar but only 3 button can see so i want to move this toolbar when i will press next or previous button to see the others button whose are out of frame of uitoolbar?? EDIT: I able to scroll the navigation bar item using uiview animation but now my problem is when i press the next/prev button then it is moving from the current place according to the changing of the coordinate of the uitoolbar and moving over the pre/next baritem frame whose are not in the uitoolbar items. but it should be wothin a uiview and should change the coordinate within the uiview not out of the view...now tell me what can i do for this problem. A: Firstly in figure the NavigationBar you are seeing is actually UIToolBar. Unfortunately it is not possible to add anymore controls on the UINavigationBar. But you can achieve exactly same UI with UIToolBar where you can add any controls. So to achieve this use UIToolBar and not UINavigationBar. Also use UIBarButtonItem with custom title to achieve Next and Previous functionality. EDIT Here are few links for example of UIToolBar http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/43658/How-to-Make-a-Toolbar-with-UIToolbar http://osmorphis.blogspot.com/2009/05/multiple-buttons-on-navigation-bar.html http://atastypixel.com/blog/making-uitoolbar-and-uinavigationbars-background-totally-transparent/ But this all explains using codes. Instead using Interface Builder, it becomes too easy to use UIToolBar (if coding is not so important). | Mid | [
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Email Newsletters Fort Carson honors 2 killed in friendly fire By The Associated Press June 26, 2014 AP Photo/Courtesy of Parkview Christian Church,Scott Josephs Caption Pamela Toppen, the mother of U.S. Army Pvt. Aaron Toppen, holds an American flag at the graveside funeral service for her son at St. Johns Cemetery Tuesday June 24, 2014, in Mokina, Ill. The 19-year-old soldier from suburban Chicago who was killed in Afghanistan was laid to rest Tuesday after hundreds of mourners attended his funeral. Toppen was one of five American service members killed this month when a U.S. airstrike was called to help defend against a Taliban ambush. FORT CARSON, Colo. — Commanders and soldiers gathered at Fort Carson on Thursday to honor two soldiers who were killed in one of the deadliest friendly fire incidents in Afghanistan. The memorial service for Cpl. Justin Clouse and Pvc. Aaron Toppen, both members of the 4th Infantry Brigade Combat Team, included a 21-gun salute and bagpipes playing "Amazing Grace." They were killed with three other soldiers in an American airstrike on June 9. It was called in after their unit was ambushed by the Taliban. Clouse was 22 and from the tiny town of Sprague, Washington. He enlisted in the Army shortly after graduating from high school and was on his second tour in Afghanistan. Toppen was 19 and from Mokena, Illinois outside Chicago. He deployed in March after staying behind for his father's funeral. | Mid | [
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Intraoperative quantitative detection of CEA mRNA in the peritoneal lavage of gastric cancer patients with transcription reverse-transcription concerted (TRC) method. A comparative study with real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) for detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) mRNA in the peritoneal lavage of gastric cancer patients is now recognized as a useful method for the prediction of peritoneal recurrence after curative surgery. One problem with this method is that it is time-consuming and difficult to perform an intraoperative diagnosis, which is essential for intraperitoneal adjuvant chemotherapy. In order to overcome these problems, we introduced a transcription-reverse transcription concerted reaction (TRC), which is a non-PCR-based, isothermal mRNA amplification method, as an ultrarapid diagnostic method, and compared its diagnostic power with qRT-PCR for peritoneal washes from 112 gastric cancer patients. TRC measurement could be completed within 1.0-1.5 h and showed the same detection sensitivity ranging from 10(2) to 10(6) copies for standard CEA mRNA as qRT-PCR. The CEA mRNA copy number, as determined by TRC, was well correlated with the depth of tumor invasion (pT category), similar to the result obtained using qRT-PCR. With CEA mRNA copy numbers of 100 as a TRC cut-off value, the resultant sensitivity and specificity of TRC (85% and 100%, respectively) were higher than for cytology (62%, 100%) and comparable to qRT-PCR (92%, 100%). TRC has a diagnostic power almost equivalent to qRT-PCR but with the advantage of ultra-rapid detection. TRC would therefore be available for intraoperative sensitive diagnosis of occult tumor cells in the peritoneal cavity of gastric cancer patients. | High | [
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Q: listview in android activity I have a table as contents name. In content table there are 4 field : id,lable,des,typ. content table is used for poems data. id is filled by Integer and it's PrimaryKey. lable is label of poem. des is full description of poem . type is type of poem and it filled by "old" or "new". Now , I'm going to display lables as listview when typ is equal "old" then I want to click on its each node and starts a new activity . I hope in new opened activity display des of poem . (I can create a listview for a specific data and display them and start a new activity when I click on its node BUT I can't display des of poem in new activity) How can I do it ? A: One solution, you can search for the des with the id of the lable that was clicked before you start the second activity. The des you can easily forwarded to the second activity. Intent i=new Intent(context, Poem.class); i.putExtra("des", yourDes); context.startActivity(i); Second activity (in the onCreate method): Intent intent = getIntent(); String des = intent.getStringExtra("des"); more defenseve: Bundle extras = getIntent().getExtras(); String des; if (extras != null) { des = extras.getString("des"); } | Mid | [
0.641148325358851,
33.5,
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Q: How can I get a mapped value from a many-to-one related table via Power BI DirectQuery? I have 2 tables that share a Foreign Key. Power BI sees them as a Many (Table A) to One (Table B) relationship. All I'm trying to do is to get a value from Table B to show up as a column for Table A. When I look at the table via PowerQuery (using "Edit Query" in Power Bi Desktop) I can see Table B but every row just shows "Value" as it's value. If I click "Value" I get the details of the related object below the table so I know the relationship works. My struggle is that none of the methods I've seen via google results to get that value work for me. I've tried using LOOKUPVALUE and RELATED. RELATED(TableB[ColumnNameImTryingToRetrieve]) RELATED(TableB[IdColumn] For the RELATED function, every variation I try for the ColumnName parameter either results in the error message "The column 'TableB[NameIveGiven]' either doesn't exist or doesn't have a relationship to any table available in the current context." or the error message "Parameter is not the correct type". LOOKUPVALUE isn't even available as an option in the Intellisense options that come up so i can't try it. I've seen a lot of references about LOOKUPVALUE not being available in DirectQuery mode and that there used to be an option in DirectQuery options called "Allow unrestricted measures in DirectQuery mode" but that is no longer available. This supposedly would have allowed LOOKUPVALUE to work. Also, when I make most changes in PowerQuery when trying to add the new column I get the error message "This step results in a query that is not supported in DirectQuery mode". Is there any simple way to get the value I'm after in DirectQuery mode or should I switch to Import Mode? A: Okay, I got what I was after. I used "Merge Queries" in Power Query Editor to do a Left Join on the tables. Then I split the table column up that was created by the Join and left only the column I was after. Then in a third table, I was able to to do: RELATED(TableA[TableB.1.ColumnINeed]) | High | [
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32.75,
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Also see... Chapter 42 of the Texas Human Resources Code requires the Texas Department of Family & Protective Services (DFPS) to regulate child care and child-placing activities in Texas, to investigate alleged abuse/neglect in child-care facilities, and to create and enforce minimum standards. [learn more] Charged with this task, the Child Care Licensing division of DFPS develops rules for child-care in Texas. Once proposed, reviewed, and adopted, these rules become part of the Texas Administrative Code (Child Care Licensing Rules). Each set of Minimum Standards is based on a particular chapter of the Texas Administrative Code and the corresponding child-care operation permit type(s). The Minimum Standards are designed to mitigate risk for children in out-of-home care settings by outlining basic requirements to protect the health, safety, and well-being of children in care. Each of the Child Care Licensing Minimum Standards in Texas has been assigned a weight (High, Medium High, Medium, Medium Low, or Low) based on the risk that a violation of that standard presents to children. Weights are noted within the minimum standards documents in the left margin next to each standard or subsection. Only those standards that can be violated (marked as a deficiency) are weighted. For example, definitions are not weighted. Assigning weights to the Minimum Standards takes into account the relative importance of standard violations and helps facilitate a clear and common understanding of risk among providers, consumers, and Licensing staff. When child-care providers and Licensing staff have the same understanding regarding the risk associated with each standard deficiency, they can use this information as a guide in correcting deficiencies and setting priorities when making corrections. While weights reflect the risk to children if a rule is violated, the assigned weights do not change based on the scope or severity of the specific circumstances surrounding an actual deficiency. In addition to the weights of the standards, Licensing staff consider, assess, and document scope and severity factors when making Licensing decisions. Background Checks For the charts that specify whether a conviction permanently or temporarily bars a person from being present at an operation while children are in care, whether a person is eligible for a risk evaluation, and whether a person who is eligible may be present at the operation pending the outcome of the risk evaluation see the Criminal Convictions Charts page for more information. | High | [
0.7249357326478141,
35.25,
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An initial slope method for model structure: independent estimation of the elimination rate constant of a metabolite. A model structure-independent method for calculating the true elimination rate constant of a primary metabolite is presented. It does not require direct metabolite administration and uses data on drug and metabolite blood (plasma) concentrations after a bolus drug input. The method has been tested and compared with the moment method and the area function method using errorless and errant data simulated on the basis of one- and two-compartment models of the metabolite kinetics. In contrast to known methods the proposed method provided exact estimates of the elimination rate constant in the case of errorless data of both one- and two-compartment models. However the estimates are sensitive to random errors in the concentration data. | Mid | [
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using System; namespace Sample.Web.Models { public class ErrorViewModel { public string RequestId { get; set; } public bool ShowRequestId => !string.IsNullOrEmpty(RequestId); } } | Low | [
0.510504201680672,
30.375,
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Simple Webcomic Theme is a responsive theme that has been design to make starting a webcomic quick, easy and free. The SWC Theme provides a clean, highly customizable blog layout with extra care given to typography and usability. The example shows images from JL8 is written and drawn by Yale Stewart. Who is using it? Jake Parker - Skull Chaser Jerzy Drozd - Boulder and Fleet ...among many others! Overview Turn your Tumblr blog into a webcomic in just a few clicks. Fully customize your content's width, choosing from two layouts. Select from a wide range of header styles, with the option change your header’s height and upload a logo image. Easily add custom pages, links to your social media pages, and setup site-tracking and a commenting system. Features The SWC Theme allows you to upload your own images for the "First", "Last", "Next", "Previous", “Random” links. Every post includes easy share options. You can also navigate to the next page by clicking on the post image. The SWC Theme resizes gracefully regardless of the device it's viewed on. It's layout will adapt to any size browser, and looks great on tablets and smart phones. Link to 21 social media sites, and your personal website by simply inputting your username or URL. Note: For "Google Plus Username" to work you require a Google+ Custom URL - Getting Started with Google+ Custom URLs. The SWC Theme supports Disqus commenting systems. Simply paste your Disqus Shortname in the appropriate field. The SWC Theme comes with built-in support for Google Analytics as well as Clicky tracking. Simply paste your ID in the appropriate field. The SWC Theme supports additional pages. Simply create a new custom page in the customization panel, and a link will be displayed in your header's navigation. Want to start a group blog? No problem, the SWC Theme supports post authors as well as displaying all the group members in the aside. Be aware that your twitter feed, blogs you follow, and post you like will not show up on group blogs. Setup Converting your Tumblr blog to a webcomic can be achieved in just two simple steps: In the customization panel, you will need to turn on “Comic Pagination”. Go to Advance options and set post per page to 1. Note: You have to include the post URL of your first comic page in the theme field "First comic page URL" in order for the "First" button to appear. This ensures the comic pagination works correctly. Optional: To make your post image link to the next page, turn on "Clickable images". To include a random page link, turn on "Random button". To get a full breakdown of the options please check out: SWC Theme Options Theme support: [email protected] | Mid | [
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35.25,
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Q: Cannot append to textarea after clearing value I have a dropdown select that appends to a text area on change. I set a simple button to clear it out which works but afterwords I cannot re-append from the dropdown select. Fiddle: https://jsfiddle.net/kreza/noy5gqfL/6/ jquery snippet: $('#criteriaSelect').change(function () { $('#inputCriteria').append((this.value + ';' + '\n')); }); $('#clearTextArea').click(function () { $('#inputCriteria').val(''); }); What am I doing wrong? A: Try this method $('#inputCriteria').empty(); A: use like this $('#inputCriteria').val($('#inputCriteria').val()+$(this).val() + ';' + '\n'); don't use with append.to avoid the append event in input,textarea tag $('#criteriaSelect').change(function () {
$('#inputCriteria').val($('#inputCriteria').val()+$(this).val() + ';' + '\n');
});
$('#clearTextArea').click(function () {
$('#inputCriteria').val('');
}); <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.0/jquery.min.js"></script>
<select type="text" class="form-control" id="criteriaSelect">
<option disabled selected>Select One:</option>
<option value="AASHTO">AASHTO Roadside Design Guide</option>
<option value="RAMCAP">AWWA Risk and Resilience Management of Water and Wastewater Systems (RAMCAP)</option>
<option value="CDOT DDM">CDOT Drainage Design Manual</option>
<option value="CDOT MSS">CDOT M&S Standards</option>
<option value="CDOT SSRBD">CDOT Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction</option>
<option value="CHPHE DWTW">CHPHE Design Criteria for Domestic Wastewater Treatment Works</option>
<option value="CDPHE PWS">CDPHE Design Criteria for Potable Water Systems</option>
<option value="CWCB FSCM">CWCB Floodplain Stormwater and Criteria Manual</option>k
<option value="FHWA FIRBD">FHWA Framework for Improving Resilience of Bridge Design</option>
<option value="FHWA Highways">FHWA Highways in the River Environment- Floodplains, Extreme Events, Risk and Resilience</option>
<option value="FHWA CRBFHP">FHWA Standard Specs for Construction of Roads and Bridges on Federal Highway Projects</option>
<option value="UDFCD USD">UDFCD Urban Storm Drainage Criteria Manuals</option>
<option value="DSDM">Rules and Regulations for Dam Safety and Dam Construction</option>
<option value="Other">Other Manuals Used</option>
</select>
<label for="inputCriteria" class="control-label">Select from drop-down:</label>
<textarea class="form-control" rows="3" id="inputCriteria" style="resize: none;" disabled></textarea>
<button class="btn-danger col-sm-2" id="clearTextArea">Clear</button> | Low | [
0.527980535279805,
27.125,
24.25
] |
Working on a project to reverse-engineer Mail applications changes to keychain files. Using fs_usage I can see # of bytes written to keychain file, but I am unable to determine dynamically exactly what content is being changed | Low | [
0.503667481662591,
25.75,
25.375
] |
/* Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors. Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. */ package v1 import ( storagev1 "k8s.io/api/storage/v1" "k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/runtime/schema" ) // GroupName is the group name use in this package const GroupName = "storage.k8s.io" // SchemeGroupVersion is group version used to register these objects var SchemeGroupVersion = schema.GroupVersion{Group: GroupName, Version: "v1"} // Resource takes an unqualified resource and returns a Group qualified GroupResource func Resource(resource string) schema.GroupResource { return SchemeGroupVersion.WithResource(resource).GroupResource() } var ( localSchemeBuilder = &storagev1.SchemeBuilder AddToScheme = localSchemeBuilder.AddToScheme ) func init() { // We only register manually written functions here. The registration of the // generated functions takes place in the generated files. The separation // makes the code compile even when the generated files are missing. localSchemeBuilder.Register(addDefaultingFuncs) } | Mid | [
0.572597137014314,
35,
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Economic Indexes: Transportation Services Index Economic Indexes: Transportation Services Index Transportation Services Index (monthly data, seasonally adjusted) The Transportation Services Index (TSI) is a measure of the month-to-month changes in the output of services provided by the for-hire transportation industries. The index can be examined together with other economic indicators to produce a better understanding of the current and future course of the economy. Transportation Services Index Mar-05 Apr-05 Total Transportation Services Index (2000=100) 111.6 111.7 Freight Transportation Services Index (2000=100) 112.5 112.6 Passenger Transportation Services Index (2000=100) 109.2 109.3 NOTE: The index numbers for the latest three months are considered to be preliminary. BTS releases the preliminary number for the latest month and replaces the number for the oldest preliminary month with a revised number. All other revisions are held until an annual comprehensive revision of the TSI, which will be released as part of the following June TSI release. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Transportation Services Index data, available at http://www.bts.gov/, as of July 2005. | Mid | [
0.6342592592592591,
34.25,
19.75
] |
Walter Kempowski Walter Kempowski (April 29, 1929 – October 5, 2007) was a German writer. Kempowski was known for his series of novels called German Chronicle ("Deutsche Chronik") and the monumental Echolot ("Sonar"), a collage of autobiographical reports, letters and other documents by contemporary witnesses of the Second World War. Life Childhood (1929-39) Walter Kempowski was born in Rostock. His father, Karl Georg Kempowski, was a shipping company owner and his mother, Margarethe Kempowski, née Collasius, was the daughter of a Hamburg merchant. In 1935 Kempowski began attending St. Georg School; in 1939, he transferred to the local high school ("Realgymnasium"). During World War II (1939-45) As a teenager Kempowski, who was unathletic and had acquired a taste for American jazz and swing music through his older brother, chafed under compulsory service in the Hitler Youth, and was transferred into a penalty unit (Strafeinheit) of the organization. In early 1945 he was drafted into the Flakhelfer, the youth auxiliary of the Luftwaffe, serving in a special unit that performed courier functions. Kempowski's father, who had volunteered for military service at the beginning of the war, only to be turned away because of his membership in the Freemasons, was accepted for service in summer 1940, and died in combat on 26 April 1945. Works Walter Kempowski's first success as an author was the autobiographic novel Tadellöser und Wolf, in which he described his youth in Nazi Germany from the viewpoint of a well-off middle-class family. In several more books he completed the story of his family from the early 20th century into the late 1950s, when he was released from an East German prison in Bautzen where, accused of spying for the US military forces in West Germany, he had been incarcerated for eight years. In West Germany he became a teacher in Breddorf (as of 1960), in (as of 1965) and in Zeven (between 1975 and 1979). In 2005 he finished his enormous oeuvre Das Echolot, a collection and collage of documents by people of many kinds living in the circumstances of war. Das Echolot consists of thousands of personal documents, letters, newspaper reports, and unpublished autobiographies that had been collected by the author over a period of more than twenty years. The documents are now deposited in the archive of the Academy of Arts in Berlin. The last of the twelve volumes of Das Echolot has been translated into English by Shaun Whiteside under the title Swansong 1945: A Collective Diary from Hitler's Birthday to VE Day (Granta 2014). Kempowski died of intestinal cancer, aged 78, in Rotenburg in 2007. List of works Im Block. Ein Haftbericht. Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt, 1969. Tadellöser & Wolff. Ein bürgerlicher Roman. Munich: Hanser, 1971. Uns gehts ja noch gold. Roman einer Familie. Munich: Hanser, 1972. Haben Sie Hitler gesehen? Deutsche Antworten. Munich: Hanser, 1973 (=Did you ever see Hitler?: German answers, Michael Roloff (trl.) with a preface by Helen Wolff, postscript by Sebastian Haffner, New York: Avon Books, 1975. .) Der Hahn im Nacken. Mini-Geschichten. Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt, 1973. Immer so durchgemogelt. Erinnerungen an unsere Schulzeit. Munich: Hanser, 1974. Ein Kapitel für sich. Munich: Hanser, 1975. Alle unter einem Hut. Über 170 witzige und amüsante Alltagsminiminigeschichten. Bayreuth: Loewe, 1976. Wer will unter die Soldaten?, Munich: Hanser, 1976. Aus großer Zeit. Hamburg: Knaus, 1978 (=Days of greatness, Leila Vennewitz (trl.), London: Secker & Warburg, 1982. .) Haben Sie davon gewußt? Deutsche Antworten. Hamburg: Knaus, 1979. Unser Böckelmann. Hamburg: Knaus, 1979 Kempowskis einfache Fibel. Brunswick: Westermann, 1980. Schöne Aussicht. Hamburg: Knaus. 1981. Beethovens Fünfte. Moin Vaddr läbt. Radio plays. Hamburg: Knaus, 1982. Herrn Böckelmanns schönste Tafelgeschichten nach dem ABC geordnet. Hamburg: Knaus, 1983. Herzlich willkommen. Munich: Knaus, 1984. Haumiblau. 208 Pfenniggeschichten für Kinder. Munich: Bertelsmann, 1986. Hundstage. Munich: Knaus, 1988 (=Dog days, Norma S. Davis, Garold N. Davis, and Alan F. Keele (trls.), Columbia, SC: Camden House, c1991. .) Sirius. Eine Art Tagebuch. Munich: Knaus, 1990 Mark und Bein. Eine Episode. Munich: Knaus, 1991. Das Echolot. Ein kollektives Tagebuch Januar und Februar 1943. 4 vols. Munich: Knaus, 1993. Der arme König von Opplawur. Ein Märchen. Munich: Knaus, 1994. Der Krieg geht zu Ende. Chronik für Stimmen - Januar bis Mai 1945. Radio play. Stuttgart 1995. Weltschmerz. Kinderszenen fast zu ernst. Munich: Knaus, 1995. Bloomsday '97. Munich: Knaus, 1997. Heile Welt. Munich: Knaus, 1998. Die deutsche Chronik. 9 vols. Munich: Knaus, 1999. Das Echolot. Fuga furiosa. Ein kollektives Tagebuch Winter 1945. 4 vols. Munich: Knaus, 1999. Walter Kempowski liest »Tadellöser & Wolff«. Audio book. Georgsmarienhütte: CPO, 2001. Alkor. Tagebuch 1989. Munich: Knaus, 2001. Der rote Hahn. Dresden 1945. Munich: Knaus, 2001. Das Echolot. Barbarossa '41. Ein kollektives Tagebuch. Munich: Knaus, 2002. Walter Kempowski liest »Aus großer Zeit«. Audio book. Georgsmarienhütte: CPO, 2003. Letzte Grüße. Munich: Knaus, 2003. Das 1. Album. 1981-1986. Frankfurt a.M. 2004. Walter Kempowski liest »Schöne Aussicht«. Audio book. Georgsmarienhütte: CPO, 2004. Das Echolot. Abgesang 45. Ein kollektives Tagebuch (=Swansong, see below). Munich: Knaus, 2005 Culpa. Notizen zum Echolot. Munich: Knaus, 2005. Hamit. Tagebuch 1990. Munich: Knaus, 2006. Alles umsonst (=All for Nothing, see below). Munich: Knaus, 2006. Walter Kempowski/Uwe Johnson: Der Briefwechsel. Berlin: Transit, 2006. . Swansong 1945: A Collective Diary of the Last Days of the Third Reich. Shaun Whiteside (trl.), New York: W.W. Norton, 2015. . All for Nothing. Anthea Bell (trl.), London: Granta Books, 2015. . Homeland. Charlotte Collins (trl.), London: Granta Books, 2018. Filmography Tadellöser & Wolff, directed by (1975, TV film, based on the novel ) , directed by (1979, TV miniseries, based on the novel ) Herzlich willkommen, directed by Hark Bohm (1990, based on the novel Herzlich willkommen) References Further reading External links http://www.kempowski.de/, Walter Kempowski's web site. 2007 Interview with Kempowski at Sign and Sight. Category:1929 births Category:2007 deaths Category:People from Rostock Category:Writers from Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Category:University of Oldenburg faculty Category:Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany Category:Deaths from colorectal cancer Category:Deaths from cancer in Germany Category:University of Rostock faculty Category:German male novelists Category:20th-century German novelists Category:20th-century German male writers | High | [
0.6704871060171921,
29.25,
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Q: Meteor JS HTTP get profile pic with Facebook API v2.5 - server side I've tried with these Meteor HTTP.get methods in the server side: HTTP.get(`http://graph.facebook.com/${fbUserId}/picture?callback=?`, { headers: { 'content-type': 'application/json', } }, function(data){ console.log(data); // [Error: failed [400]] }); HTTP.get(`https://graph.facebook.com/${fbUserId}/picture`, { headers: { 'content-type': 'application/json', } }, function(data){ console.log(data); // null }); However, this works in the client side with jQuery: $.getJSON(`http://graph.facebook.com/${fbUserId}/picture?callback=?`, function(data){ console.log(data); // {url: 'http://img-url...'} }); Any ideas? UPDATE @Ethaan answer worked (with a few additions): function _fetchUserFacebookThumbnail(fbId){ return new Promise(function(resolve, reject){ HTTP.get(`https://graph.facebook.com/${fbId}/picture/?redirect=0&type=square`, function(error, data){ resolve(data['data']); }); }); } According to FB Developers docs, the ?redirect=0 query requests a JSON object instead of the image itself. A: You are getting null on the second one because there is not error, so that means the second example work, try with error, data instead of just error. Also if you only want to get the picuture you can just link to this. facebookPicture = "https://graph.facebook.com/" + userFacebookId + "/picture/?type=large"; btw, mexican developer over here head ups =p. | Low | [
0.516587677725118,
27.25,
25.5
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@using System.Activities.Expressions @using Kudu.Core.SourceControl @using Kudu.Web.Models @using Kudu.Web.Infrastructure @model ApplicationViewModel @{ ViewBag.Title = Model.Name; } @Html.Partial("_GitUrlTextbox", Model.GitUrl) <div class="well"> <div class="form-group"> <label class="control-label"><strong>Application URL</strong></label> <div> <a href="@Model.SiteUrl" target="_blank">@Model.SiteUrl</a> <p class="help-block">This is the link to your website.</p> </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label class="control-label"><strong>Service URL</strong></label> <div> <a href="@Model.ServiceUrl" target="_blank">@Model.ServiceUrl</a> <p class="help-block">This is the link to the kudu service.</p> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> //Note: Would be so nice with a proper frontend framework like, EmberJS, AngularJS or React! function removeBinding(binding, element) { if (confirm('Remove the following site binding: ' + binding)) { $(element).val(binding).closest('form').submit(); } } var BindingForm = (function () { //Note: Util function getFormField(form, field) { return $('#' + form + field); } function isDef(val) { return typeof val !== 'undefined'; } function propertyFn(formField) { return function(value) { if (isDef(value)) { getFormField(this.name, formField).val(value); return this; } return getFormField(this.name, formField).val(); } } function BindingForm(name) { this.name = name; } //[0].checked BindingForm.prototype.schema = propertyFn('SiteSchema'); BindingForm.prototype.port = propertyFn('SitePort'); BindingForm.prototype.hostName = propertyFn('SiteHost'); BindingForm.prototype.sniEnabled = function(value) { if (isDef(value)) { getFormField(this.name, 'SniEnabled')[0].checked = value; return this; } return getFormField(this.name, 'SniEnabled')[0].checked; } BindingForm.prototype.certificate = function (value) { if (isDef(value)) { getFormField(this.name, 'SiteCertificate').val(null); } return getFormField(this.name, 'SiteCertificate').children('option:selected').text(); } BindingForm.prototype.httpsFields = function () { var selector = '.' + this.name + 'HttpsFields'; return $(selector); } BindingForm.prototype.hostNameField = function() { return getFormField(this.name, 'SiteHost'); } return BindingForm; })(); function getForm(form) { return new BindingForm(form); } function schemaChanged(form) { form = getForm(form); if (form.schema() == 'Https://') { form.httpsFields().show(); form.port(443); } else { form.httpsFields().hide(); form.port(80); } } function httpsChanged(form) { form = getForm(form); //Note: We know the form is HTTPS here. var cert = form.certificate(); if (cert[0] === '*' || (supportsSni() && form.sniEnabled())) { form.hostNameField().prop('disabled', false); } else { form.hostName(""); form.hostNameField().prop('disabled', true); } } function supportsSni() { return @Model.SupportsSni.ToString().ToLower(); } </script> @helper AddBindingForm(string name, string action, string controller) { //Note: Lets mimic the entire IIS dialog instead so it is more familiar to IIS administrators. using (Html.BeginForm(action, controller, new { slug = Model.Name.GenerateSlug() }, FormMethod.Post)) { <label class="control-label"><strong>Add binding</strong></label> @Html.ValidationSummary() <div class="row"> <div class="span2"> <label class="control-label">Type:</label> @Html.DropDownList("siteSchema", Model.Schemas, new { onchange = "schemaChanged('" + name + "')", id = name + "SiteSchema", style = "width: 100%;", @class = "form-control" }) </div> <div class="span4"> <label class="control-label">IP address:</label> @Html.DropDownList("siteIp", Model.IpAddresses, new { style = "width: 100%", id = name + "SiteIp", @class = "form-control" }) </div> <div class="span2"> <label class="control-label">Port:</label> @Html.TextBox("sitePort", "80", new { style = "width: 50%", id = name + "SitePort", @class = "form-control" }) </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="span5"> <label>Host name:</label> @Html.TextBox("siteHost", "", new { placeholder = "example.org", style = "width: 100%", id = name + "SiteHost", @class = "form-control" }) </div> </div> if (Model.SupportsSni) { <div style="display: none;" class="row @(name + "HttpsFields")"> <div class="checkbox span5"> <label class="checkbox"> @Html.CheckBox("siteRequireSni", false, new { id = name + "SniEnabled", onchange = "httpsChanged('" + name + "')" }) Require Server Name Indication </label> </div> </div> } else { @Html.Hidden("siteRequireSni", false) } <div style="display: none;" class="row @(name + "HttpsFields")"> <div class="span5"> <label>SSL certificate:</label> @Html.DropDownList("siteCertificate", Model.Certificates, "Select certificate...", new { onchange = "httpsChanged('" + name + "')", style = "width: 100%", id = name + "SiteCertificate", @class = "form-control" }) </div> </div> <button id="add_sitebinding" type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Add binding</button> } } @if (Model.CustomHostNames) { <div class="well"> <div class="form-group"> <label class="control-label"><strong>Custom Application Site Bindings</strong></label> <p class="help-block"> Specify additional site bindings for the service site. Can be of the format 'hostname', 'hostname:port', 'example.org' or 'example.org:port'. </p> <p class="help-block"> Protocol is limited to http only and all bindings entered will be set to http. </p> @if (Model.SiteUrls.Any()) { <table id="custom-site-bindings" class="table"> <tr> <th>Protocol</th> <th>Hostname</th> <th>Port</th> <th></th> </tr> @foreach (string siteBinding in Model.SiteUrls.Skip(1)) { var uri = new Uri(siteBinding); <tr> <td>@uri.Scheme</td> <td><a href="@uri.AbsoluteUri">@uri.Host</a></td> <td>@uri.Port</td> <td class="actions"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-danger" onclick=" removeBinding('@siteBinding', '#removesitebinding') ">Remove</button> </td> </tr> } </table> using (Html.BeginForm("remove-custom-site-binding", "Application", new { slug = Model.Name.GenerateSlug() }, FormMethod.Post, new { id = "remove-site-binding-form" })) { @Html.Hidden("siteBinding", "", new { id = "removesitebinding" }) } } @AddBindingForm("app", "add-custom-site-binding", "Application") </div> </div> <div class="well"> <div class="form-group"> <label class="control-label"><strong>Custom Service Site Bindings</strong></label> <p class="help-block"> Specify additional site bindings for the service site. Can be of the format 'hostname', 'hostname:port', 'example.org' or 'example.org:port'. </p> <p class="help-block"> Protocol is limited to http only and all bindings entered will be set to http. </p> @if (Model.ServiceUrls.Any()) { <table id="custom-site-bindings" class="table"> <tr> <th>Protocol</th> <th>Hostname</th> <th>Port</th> <th></th> </tr> @foreach (string siteBinding in Model.ServiceUrls.Skip(1)) { var uri = new Uri(siteBinding); <tr> <td>@uri.Scheme</td> <td><a href="@uri.AbsoluteUri">@uri.Host</a></td> <td>@uri.Port</td> <td class="actions"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" onclick=" removeBinding('@siteBinding', '#removeservicebinding') ">Remove</button> </td> </tr> } </table> using (Html.BeginForm("remove-service-site-binding", "Application", new { slug = Model.Name.GenerateSlug() }, FormMethod.Post, new { id = "remove-site-binding-form" })) { @Html.Hidden("siteBinding", "", new { id = "removeservicebinding" }) } } @AddBindingForm("scm", "add-service-site-binding", "Application") </div> </div> } @using (Html.BeginForm("Delete", "Application", new { slug = Model.Name.GenerateSlug() })) { <input type="submit" class="btn btn-danger" name="name" value="Delete Application" /> } | Mid | [
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Total syntheses of (-)-methyl atis-16-en-19-oate, (-)-methyl kaur-16-en-19-oate, and (-)-methyl trachyloban-19-oate by a combination of palladium-catalyzed cycloalkenylation and homoallyl-homoallyl radical rearrangement. Asymmetric total syntheses of (-)-methyl atis-16-en-19-oate (1c), (-)-methyl kaur-16-en-19-oate (2c), and (-)-methyl trachyloban-19-oate (3c) have been achieved by employing a hybrid strategy of palladium-catalyzed cycloalkenylation and homoallyl-homoallyl radical rearrangement. The common synthetic intermediate 5 was prepared from 2-allylcyclohexanone (4) with 98% ee using d'Angelo's asymmetric Michael addition. A series of functional group modifications in 5 via palladium-catalyzed cycloalkenylation led to (+)-14, which had already been prepared by us as racemate. (-)-Methyl atis-16-ene-19-oate (1c) was generated via homoallyl-homoallyl radical rearrangement. On the other hand, Wolff-Kishner reduction of 18 followed by esterification yielded (-)-methyl kaur-16-en-19-oate (2c) together with (-)-methyl trachyloban-19-oate (3c). | High | [
0.6695778748180491,
28.75,
14.1875
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UFO Sighting Report - Canada August 10th 2008 : Southern Alberta Hi Mr. Vike, Love your site, keep up the diligent work. I would like to report a recent unidentified sighting here in Southern Alberta on August 10, 2008. It was around 9:00 p.m. in the evening. While outside, I noticed a huge white light in the sky coming out of the North over my house. I tried to identify it with my celestron skywatcher 12 x 60 binoculars as well as my digital camera, to no avail. The object appeared round and bright. After a couple of minutes I called my husband out. He took out our Skywatcher telescope. We observed a huge object moving silently and slowly. It appeared bright with what looked like a bar through the centre of it. It also appeared to be darker on the top than the bottom. The strange thing was, while my husband was watching the object, it exploded and became invisible to the naked eye. Had we not been viewing through the telescope it would have appeared like it vanished. We took turns watching the debris cloud swirl around in close movements that resembled a shiny school of fish swimming in unison spinning slowly around in the air. It was amazing. I am enclosing the pictures I took, unfortunately, they don't show much. There is one picture I took through the telescope lens with my camera showing the debris cloud somewhat. My husband wondered if it wasn't a weather balloon, but it seemed to me to be too large for that. I stress that it was huge and silent and bright. I was reading your site today about UFO sightings where you encouraged all to send in their sightings, regardless of when they occurred and thought I would report it anyway. It would be interesting to know what it was and if anyone else saw it. As I am writing this, I want to report another sighting I had for the record. When I was a child (12 or 13 perhaps), I saw an orange orb, resting on the ground across the street in a field from where i lived - we used to play soccer there. I have tried to pinpoint the date, but the closest I can come to that is it would have been 1978 or 79 and it was in the summer time. It was a huge orange orb, resting on the ground and it pulsated on and off. I did not tell anyone about it, though I don't know why. I was not afraid looking at it. My memories are standing at my window watching it. I don't remember going to the window or why I looked out, but It was incredible anyway. This sighting took place in Alberta as well, just in a small town outside of Edmonton. I have done research over the years to see if anything had been reported in that area for that timeframe but have found nothing. Anyway, that's my story. Take care Mr. Vike and have a beautiful day. P.S.: If you have any questions, please feel free to contact me at your convenience. Thank you to the witnesses for the report and for sending along their pictures. The pictures are copyright to the owner, meaning the folks who took the photos. | Mid | [
0.5762711864406781,
29.75,
21.875
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A clinico-epidemiological study of sickle cell anaemia in Saudi Arabia. Ninety-nine Saudi Arabian children aged between 3 months and 15 years attending the sickle cell anaemia (SCA) clinic were studied using a review of case notes and an interview at clinic visits. All the patients come from the southwest and west area of Saudi Arabia. Despite the lack of infant screening for SCA, 73 per cent were diagnosed before the age of 3 years, reflecting severe early symptoms of the disease. The serious complications of SCA were two times higher, the number of admissions were three times higher and the attack rate for pneumococcal meningitis was nine times higher in our study population than previously reported from the Eastern Province of the country. Hand-foot syndrome was the commonest complication affecting 58 per cent of the children. It has been stated previously that there is no need to give penicillin prophylaxis to SCA children in Saudi Arabia, based on the observations in the Eastern Province only. Our study shows that SCA in western and southwestern population of Saudi Arabia is as severe as is described in American blacks. Therefore, we recommend penicillin prophylaxis to be given to the SCA children in the southwest and west regions of the country. | High | [
0.6731234866828081,
34.75,
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Intentional replantation of an immature permanent lower incisor because of a refractory peri-apical lesion: case report and 5-year follow-up. We performed an intentional replantation of an immature lower incisor that had a refractory peri-apical lesion. The incisor was extracted and the peri-apical lesion was removed by curettage. The root canal of the tooth was then rapidly irrigated, and filled with a calcium hydroxide and iodoform paste (Vitapex(R)), after which the tooth was fixed with an arch wire splint. Five years later, no clinical or radiographic abnormalities were found, and the root apex was obturated by an apical bridge formation. A team of two dentists is essential to prevent a prolonged operation time, thus eliminating any of the causes of ankylosis. Furthermore, calcium hydroxide and iodoform paste, along with an arch wire splint retained with composite resin, led to good healing of the periodontal tissue after the intentional replantation. Our results indicate that intentional replantation is a useful method for an immature tooth with refractory peri-apical problems. | Mid | [
0.652068126520681,
33.5,
17.875
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Rorik of Dorestad Rorik (Roricus, Rorichus; Old Norse HrœrekR, c. 810 – c. 880) was a Danish Viking, who ruled over parts of Friesland between 841 and 873, conquering Dorestad and Utrecht in 850. Rorik swore allegiance to Louis the German in 873. He died at some point between 873 and 882. Since the 19th century, there have been attempts to identify him with Rurik, the founder of the Ruthenian royal dynasty. Family He had a brother named Harald. Harald Klak was probably their uncle, and Godfrid Haraldsson their cousin. The identity of his father remains uncertain. There are various interpretations of the primary sources on his family, particularly because names such as Harald are repeated in the texts with little effort to distinguish one holder of a name from another. But Harald Klak had at least three brothers. Anulo (d. 812), Ragnfrid (d. 814) and Hemming Halfdansson (d. 837). Any of them could be the father of the younger Harald and Rorik. Several writers have chosen Hemming for chronological reasons, estimating Rorik was born following the 810s. This remains a plausible theory, not an unquestionable conclusion. Early life Harald the younger had been exiled from Denmark and had raided Frisia for several years. He had entered an alliance with Lothair I who was involved in conflict against Louis the Pious, his father. Frisia was part of Louis' lands and the raids were meant to weaken him. By 841, Louis was dead and Lothair was able to grant Harald and Rorik several parts of Friesland. His goal at the time was to establish the military presence of his loyalists in Frisia, securing it against his siblings and political rivals Louis the German and Charles the Bald. The two Norsemen used islands as a main base of operations, the seat of Rorik being the island of Wieringen, while Harald operated from the island of Walcheren, and they also ruled Dorestad at this time. In the early 840s, Frisia seemed to attract fewer raids than in the previous decade. Viking raiders were turning their attention to West Francia and Anglo-Saxon England. In 843, Lothair, Louis and Charles signed the Treaty of Verdun, settling their territorial disputes. Lothair previously needed Rorik and Harald to defend Frisia from external threats. With the seeming elimination of such threats, the two Vikings may have outlived their usefulness to their overlord. In about 844, both "fell into disgrace". They were accused of treason and imprisoned. The chronicles of the time report doubt on the accusation. Rorik would later manage to escape. Harald probably died while a prisoner. According to an 850 entry of the Annales Fuldenses, "Hrørek the Norseman () held the vicus Dorestad as a benefice with his brother Haraldr in the time of the Emperor Louis the Pious. After the death of the emperor and his brother he was denounced as a traitor - falsely as it is said - to Lothair I, who had succeeded his father in the kingdom, and was captured and imprisoned. He escaped and became the faithful man of Louis the German. After he had stayed there for some years, living among the Saxons, who were neighbours of the Norsemen, he collected a not insubstantial force of Danes and began a career of piracy, devastating places near the northern coasts of Lothair's kingdom. And he came through the mouth of the river Rhine to Dorestad, seized and held it. Because the emperor Lothar was unable to drive him out without danger to his own men, Hrørek was received back into fealty on the advice of his counsellors and through mediators on condition that he would faithfully handle the taxes and other matters pertaining to the royal fisc, and would resist the piratical attacks of the Danes." The Annales Bertiniani also records the event: "Hrørek (), the nephew of Haraldr, who had recently defected from Lothar, raised whole armies of Norsemen with a vast number of ships and laid waste Frisia and the island of Betuwe and other places in that neighbourhood by sailing up the Rhine and the Waal. Lothar, since he could not crush him, received him into his allegiance and granted him Dorestad and other counties." The Annales Xantenses briefly report: "Hrørek the Norseman (), brother of the mentioned younger Haraldr, who was earlier dishonored by Lothar, fled, demanded Dorestad back, deceitfully inflicted much evil on the Christians." Ruler of Dorestad After Rorik, together with Godfrid Haraldsson, conquered Dorestad and Utrecht in 850, emperor Lothair I had to acknowledge him as ruler of most of Friesland. Dorestad had been one of the most prosperous ports in Northern Europe for quite some time. By accepting Rorik as one of his subjects, Lothair managed to keep the city as a part of his realm. His sovereignty was still recognized. For example, the coinage produced at the local mint would continue to bear the name of the Emperor. On the other hand, Dorestad was already in economic decline. Leaving it to its fate was not much of a risk for the welfare of his state. Bishop Hunger of Utrecht had to move to Deventer (to the east). Later on, together with Godfrid, Rorik went to Denmark to try and gain power during the Danish civil war of 854, but this wasn't a success. The Annales Bertiniani reports: "Lothar gave the whole of Frisia to his son Lothar, whereupon Hrørek and Gøtrik headed back to their native Denmark in the hope of gaining royal power. ... Hrørek and Gøtrik, on whom success had not smiled, remained based at Dorestad and held sway over most of Frisia.". Godfrid is not mentioned again and could have died not long of his return. The extent of Rorik's area of control at the time is uncertain. In "Carolingian Coinage and the Vikings" (2007), historian Simon Coupland made an educated guess based on primary sources. Rorik's recorded control over the city Gendt on the bank of the Waal River, suggests the river formed the southern border of the area. The Kennemerland is also mentioned as part of Rorik's area of control. Later negotiations with Louis the German would probably mean Rorik's area shared its eastern borders with East Francia. The western border is more obscure. Rorik and his brother controlled the islands of Zeeland in the 840s. There is no later mention of them in connection to Rorik; which could mean the ruler of Dorestad had never regained control over them. Expedition to Denmark According to an 857 entry in the Annales Fuldenses: "Hrørek the Norseman, who ruled in Dorestad, took a fleet to the Danish boundaries with the agreement of his lord King Lothar, and with the agreement of Hørekr, king of the Danes, he and his comrades occupied the part of the kingdom which lies between the sea and the Eider." Which means Rorik, with Lothair's encouragement, went to Denmark and forced King Horik II (Erik Barn) to recognize his rule over a significant area. The Eider River formerly marked the border between Denmark and the Carolingian Empire. Coupland estimates the region gained to have lain to the north or northeast of the river and to have stretched to Schlei, a narrow inlet of the Baltic Sea. Though not mentioned by the chronicler, Rorik may have taken control over Hedeby, a significant trade center of the area. The historian considers Hedeby would be a "valuable prize" for Rorik. He considers the motivation of Lothair to be to use the new port to increase trade between his realm of Lotharingia and the region of Scandinavia. However raids in Rorik's own territory are reported by the Annales Bertiniani: "Other Danes stormed the emporium called Dorestad and ravaged the whole island of Betuwe and other neighbouring districts." Coupland considers this indicates Lothair's plans had backfired. Left unguarded, Dorestad and its surrounding area were easy prey for other Scandinavian raiders. Even Utrecht was sacked this year. The Frankish chroniclers are silent on the subject but Rorik was presumably recalled in haste by Lothair to defend Frisia. His conquests across the Danish borders were apparently short-lived. They are next mentioned as administered by Danish monarchs in 873. Questions on loyalty An 863 entry of the Annales Bertiniani reports "In January Danes sailed up the Rhine towards Cologne, after sacking the emporium called Dorestad and also a fairly large villa at which the Frisians had taken refuge, and after slaying many Frisian traders and taking captive large numbers of people. Then they reached a certain island near the fort of Neuss. Lothar came up and attacked them with his men along one bank of the Rhine and the Saxons along the other and they encamped there until about the beginning of April. The Danes therefore followed the advice of Hrørek and withdrew by the same way they had come." The entry makes clear that another group of Danish raiders had attacked Dorestad before traveling upstream to Xanten. However a rumour soon circulated that Rorik had encouraged the raiders on their expedition. Coupland dismisses the idea that Rorik could have invited a raid on his own area. He suggests the rumour was based on his method of getting rid of the invaders. Rorik could have protected his own territory by convincing the Danes to travel further up the river, effectively letting them become other rulers' problems. Coupland notes it would not be a unique case in the 9th century. The Siege of Paris from 885 to 886 under Sigfred and Rollo had not ended with mutual annihilation. Charles the Fat had simply allowed Rollo to go and plunder Burgundy. The rumour of Rorik's apparent disloyalty induced Hincmar, Archbishop of Reims, to write two letters, one to Hunger and one to Rorik. Bishop Hunger was instructed to impose a suitable penance on Rorik if the rumour was found to be true. Hincmar also told Rorik not to shelter Baldwin I of Flanders, who had eloped with the king's daughter Judith. From these letters it becomes clear that Rorik had recently converted to Christianity and been baptized. Flodoard summarizes the content of the two letters, the first "To Bishop Hunger about the excommunication of Baldwin, who stole the widowed Judith, the daughter of the king, to become his wife, whereupon he was excommunicated by the bishop. He also admonishes Hunger, to persuade Hrørek the Norseman, who recently was converted to the Christian faith, not to receive or protect Baldwin. And also, if other Norsemen with his consent, as has been told, should have raided the kingdom after his conversion, he should be corrected with a proper punishment.", the other "To Hrørek the Norseman, who was converted to the Christian faith, so that he always might benefit [to do] the will of God and exercise his orders. As he had heard from many to do so, that nobody should persuade him acting against the Christians with advice or aid to benefit the heathens. Else it would not have been in his advantage that he had received the Christian baptism, as he himself or through others should have planned perverse or hostile affairs, and so on. As follows, it was made clear to him in an episcopal way how much danger was hidden in such a machination. He was also admonished not to receive Baldwin, who was excommunicated by the spirit of God, for which reason the holy canon was drawn up by means of episcopal authority, because he had stolen the daughter of the king to become his wife. And he should not allowed consolation nor refuge on his part whatsoever. So he and his men should not get involved in his sins and excommunication and get doomed themselves. But he should take care to present himself in a way, that he could benefit from the prayers of the saints." Coupland finds the contents of the letters particularly revealing. Rorik had apparently been granted control over Dorestad twice and well before his conversion to Christianity in the early 860s. Hincmar and Hunger having to convince Rorik not to give refuge to a declared enemy of Charles the Bald would mean Rorik enjoyed a "measure of political independence" from the various courts of the Carolingian dynasty at the time. Coupland notes that his contemporary Sedulius Scottus calls Rorik a King (Latin:Rex). Though noting that the reference has alternatively been interpreted to mean another contemporary ruler, Rhodri the Great of the Kingdom of Gwynedd. A hagiography of Adalbert of Egmond, written in the late 10th century, mentions a miracle of the saint in the time of "Roric the barbarian king" (Latin:Roricus barbarorum rex) Later rule In 867 there was a local revolt by the Cokingi and Rorik was driven out of Frisia. The Annales Bertiniani report that Lothair II "summoned up the host throughout his realm to the defense of the fatherland, as he explained, against the Norsemen, for he expected, that Hrørek, whom the local people, the new name for them is Cokings, had driven out of Frisia, would return bringing some Danes to help him." Coupland notes that the identity of the Cokingi is uncertain. Also uncertain is the nature of this loss of power by Rorik. Rorik could have lost control of only part of his realm or to have resumed control rather quickly. Because he is next mentioned in 870, still in Frisia. On 8 August 869, Lothair II died. Lotharingia was claimed by his uncles, Louis the German and Charles the Bald. In 870, the two came to an agreement with the Treaty of Meerssen which divided Lotharingia among them. The Annales Bertiniani report that Charles the Bald "went to the palace of Nijmegen to hold discussions with the Norseman Hrørek, whom he bound to himself by a treaty." Coupland considers the talks were between a ruler and a "leading local figure" of a newly annexed area. Charles secured his loyalty and recognition of his sovereignty, Rorik kept control of his region. The same type of agreement Lothair I and Lothair II had with him. Charles and Rorik seem to have restarted negotiations in 872, according to two separate entries of the Annales Bertiniani: "On 20 January he [Charles the Bald] left Compendio and went to the monastery of [name missing in surviving manuscripts] to hold talks with the Norsemen Hrørek and Hróðulfr." ... "In October he [Charles the Bald] came by boat down the Meuse to Maastricht and held talks with the Norsemen Hrørek and Hróðulfr who had come up the river to meet him. He gave a gracious reception to Hrørek who had proved loyal to him, but Hróðulfr he dismissed empty-handed, because he had been plotting acts of treachery and pitching his demands too high. Charles prepared his faithful men for defense against treacherous attacks of Hróðulfr. Then he rode back by way of Attigny to St. Medard's Abbey,where he [Charles] spent Christmas." The "Hróðulfr" of the text was Rudolf Haraldsson, a presumed nephew of Rorik. The Annales Xantenses mention him as "nepos" of Rorik which typically means "nephew". However like in the term "Cardinal-nephew" (); the term can also have the meaning of "relative" without specifying the relation. Coupland suggests the monastery mentioned was Moustier-sur-Sambre in the modern Namur province of Belgium, close to the former borders of Lotharingia. The reason and nature of these negotiations is obscure. In 873, Rorik swore allegiance to Louis, and that is the last that is heard of him. The Annales Xantenses report: "Likewise came to him [Louis] Hrørek, the gall of Christianity, nevertheless many hostages were put back in the ships and he became subject of the king and was bound by an oath to keep a firm loyalty." Coupland notes that Rorik held lands in both sides of the current border between the realms of Charles and Louis. Which would mean he owed loyalty to both of them. Leaving him in an "unenviable position". Death Rorik died before 882 when his lands were given to Sea-King Godfried. According to the Annales Bertiniani: "Charles, who had the title of emperor, marched against the Norsemen with a large army and advanced right up to their fortification. Once he got there, however, his courage failed him. Through the intervention of certain men, he managed to reach an agreement with Gøtrik and his men on the following terms: namely that Gøtrik would be baptized, and would then receive Frisia and the other regions that Hrørek had held." Dorestad was in economic decline throughout his reign, merchants migrating to cities less exposed to the constant fighting like Deventer and Tiel. Both of the latter were developing into "merchant towns" at the time. Coupland considers Rorik "the most powerful and influential of all the Danes drawn into the Carolingian milieu" of the 9th century. He notes how four Carolingian monarchs (Lothair I, Lothair II, Charles the Bald, Louis the German) accepted his presence in Frisia and his continued service as their vassal. Little criticism against him was recorded in the Frankish chronicles of his time. Even Hincmar did not outright accuse him and expected him to accept penance like a good Christian, which indicated the Franks had ceased thinking of him as a foreign element to their realm, regarding Rorik as one of their own. The historian also notes that there are only two recorded raids of his area in twenty-three known years of rule, a record of his effectiveness in defense in an era of turbulence. Rorik and Rurik Numerous scholars identified Rorik with Rurik, the founder of the Russian royal dynasty. The suggestion is based on the disappearance of Rorik from Frankish chronicles during the 860s, consistent with the appearance of Rurik in Novgorod in 862, but inconsistent with his remaining in power there until 879. The first identification to this effect was made by Hermann Hollmann in 1816. He stressed the importance of the locality of Rustringen, in Lower Saxony, as the possible origin of Rurik. In 1836, Friedrich Kruse also supported such a view. The hypothesis was revived strongly by N. T. Belyaev in 1929. Such an identification is not conclusive, and does not appear to have support from the majority of scholars. Yet there are a number of prominent Russian academics, such as Boris Rybakov, Dmitry Machinsky, and Igor Dubov, who have supported this identification to some extent. See also Scylding (dynasty) Rurik Dynasty Shum Gora Rikiwulf Godfrid, Duke of Frisia References Encyclopedia: Grote Winkler Prins Website about the Vikings in the Netherlands External links Chapter of "Carolingian Coinage and the Vikings" which covers the life of Rorik Category:810s births Category:880s deaths Category:9th-century Danish people Category:9th-century rulers in Europe Category:Converts to Christianity from pagan religions Category:Danish monarchs Category:People from Wijk bij Duurstede Category:Medieval Frisian rulers Category:Viking Age monarchs | Mid | [
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Victor joined Jul 26, 2007 Hi, my name is Victor, I'm 19 and I live in São Paulo - Brazil. I enjoy pc games, It's where I mostly spend my free time. I believe I am trustable, fun and, most important, friendly. I have lots of games, you may not believe (in fact not even I believed when my mother told me) but I started playing computer games when I was 2 years old, the first game I played was Doom Shareware (DEMO), believe or not I still play it. My favourite games are: Dungeon Keeper (hated 2 though, and cant wait for 3!) all Valve and Id Software games (never played Commander Keen though), Killing Floor, Roller Coaster Tycoon (1 and 2), Duke Nukem 3D (All Expansions), Age Of Empires (2 and The Conquerors), and many others. This game is also for the iOS so here i am writing a review from my iphone (: Graphics: awesome, though it lags a bit on my iPhone 4 Story: involving, interesting, genious though its a bit frustrating that changing your actions will end up mostly the same thing, for instance, if you save Doug, hell say the same things as if you saved Carly. Should come up with different endings, would make this game even more addicting, and should, at least, boost its lifetime, because we would play to see "what would have happened if i had chosen the other option?" Gameplay: stuck. Lets be honest here, everybody likes freedom. I would like to check more options instead of straight forward to my goal. For instance, when you can move in this game, theres an invisible wall to limit your movement, meaning that you cant explore the entire environment, because you have to follow a straigh line! Meaning this story is linear, confirming what i said before. I think we should get more options on the gameplay Bugs/glitches: the most annoying i found, was one that, if the cutscene ended, and just before the game allow you to move, you clicked something, it would be like youre holding your finger on the screen, meaning that you cant click that button unless you die, or exit the game. Had to restart Carly/Doug rescue scene 4 times because of this annoying glitch, because they died. Suggestions: different endings would just be more than enough. We should have more options when interacting with the environment. Ill take the car accident scene, where you kill the zombie cop, as an example. When you click the cop, the only option that comes up, is to take the keys, but what about like, "Kick", "Shake" (could be generalized options, like theyll always be there) "Give Item", "Talk To", "Look At" "Search"...that could change a lot in gameplay, story and everything. We could find more items to use in the environment, weapons, food, etc. We should be able to move the camera completely too. The first time i played this, there wasnt even skins for player models.. i think was doom fortress v0.08 or something like that... But it was already awesome... I spent hours playing this, with my friends and even with the guy who made this! He is awesome seriously, such a nice guy!! And funny thing is that he is brazilian! I was so surprised when i found that out! But long time i don't see him on skulltag... Might check out later. So let's go back to the reviews... Like i said, i played this long time ago, ive seen the updates and stuff... Loved when haroldoop gave spy the cloaking ability!! But by the time that was out, it was sooo overpowered hahahaha... I killed like everybody, seriously, you get 100% invisible so hard to see... Anyways... This mod is awesome, if you are a doom old timer like me, this is unmissible!! I would definately shake haroldoop hands, he did such awesome work... And before i forget: PLEASE MAN, DONT **** DOOM FORTRESS LIKE VALVE DID WITH TF2!!! NO - HATS AND NO TRADES PLEEEEASEEEEE!! 10/10 | Mid | [
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Q: How to read from hbase using spark The below code will read from the hbase, then convert it to json structure and the convert to schemaRDD , But the problem is that I am using List to store the json string then pass to javaRDD, for data of about 100 GB the master will be loaded with data in memory. What is the right way to load the data from hbase then perform manipulation,then convert to JavaRDD. package hbase_reader; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.Serializable; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import org.apache.spark.api.java.JavaPairRDD; import org.apache.spark.api.java.JavaRDD; import org.apache.spark.api.java.JavaSparkContext; import org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD; import org.apache.spark.sql.api.java.JavaSQLContext; import org.apache.spark.sql.api.java.JavaSchemaRDD; import org.apache.commons.cli.ParseException; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.KeyValue; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.ImmutableBytesWritable; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.mapreduce.TableInputFormat; import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes; import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text; import org.apache.spark.SparkConf; import scala.Function1; import scala.Tuple2; import scala.runtime.AbstractFunction1; import com.google.common.collect.Lists; public class hbase_reader { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ParseException { List<String> jars = Lists.newArrayList(""); SparkConf spconf = new SparkConf(); spconf.setMaster("local[2]"); spconf.setAppName("HBase"); //spconf.setSparkHome("/opt/human/opt/spark-0.9.0-hdp1"); spconf.setJars(jars.toArray(new String[jars.size()])); JavaSparkContext sc = new JavaSparkContext(spconf); //spconf.set("spark.executor.memory", "1g"); JavaSQLContext jsql = new JavaSQLContext(sc); HBaseConfiguration conf = new HBaseConfiguration(); String tableName = "HBase.CounData1_Raw_Min1"; HTable table = new HTable(conf,tableName); try { ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(new Scan()); List<String> jsonList = new ArrayList<String>(); String json = null; for(Result rowResult:scanner) { json = ""; String rowKey = Bytes.toString(rowResult.getRow()); for(byte[] s1:rowResult.getMap().keySet()) { String s1_str = Bytes.toString(s1); String jsonSame = ""; for(byte[] s2:rowResult.getMap().get(s1).keySet()) { String s2_str = Bytes.toString(s2); for(long s3:rowResult.getMap().get(s1).get(s2).keySet()) { String s3_str = new String(rowResult.getMap().get(s1).get(s2).get(s3)); jsonSame += "\""+s2_str+"\":"+s3_str+","; } } jsonSame = jsonSame.substring(0,jsonSame.length()-1); json += "\""+s1_str+"\""+":{"+jsonSame+"}"+","; } json = json.substring(0,json.length()-1); json = "{\"RowKey\":\""+rowKey+"\","+json+"}"; jsonList.add(json); } JavaRDD<String> jsonRDD = sc.parallelize(jsonList); JavaSchemaRDD schemaRDD = jsql.jsonRDD(jsonRDD); System.out.println(schemaRDD.take(2)); } finally { table.close(); } } } A: A Basic Example to Read the HBase data using Spark (Scala), You can also wrtie this in Java : import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.{HBaseAdmin, Result} import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.{ HBaseConfiguration, HTableDescriptor } import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.mapreduce.TableInputFormat import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.io.ImmutableBytesWritable import org.apache.spark._ object HBaseRead { def main(args: Array[String]) { val sparkConf = new SparkConf().setAppName("HBaseRead").setMaster("local[2]") val sc = new SparkContext(sparkConf) val conf = HBaseConfiguration.create() val tableName = "table1" System.setProperty("user.name", "hdfs") System.setProperty("HADOOP_USER_NAME", "hdfs") conf.set("hbase.master", "localhost:60000") conf.setInt("timeout", 120000) conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "localhost") conf.set("zookeeper.znode.parent", "/hbase-unsecure") conf.set(TableInputFormat.INPUT_TABLE, tableName) val admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf) if (!admin.isTableAvailable(tableName)) { val tableDesc = new HTableDescriptor(tableName) admin.createTable(tableDesc) } val hBaseRDD = sc.newAPIHadoopRDD(conf, classOf[TableInputFormat], classOf[ImmutableBytesWritable], classOf[Result]) println("Number of Records found : " + hBaseRDD.count()) sc.stop() } } UPDATED -2016 As of Spark 1.0.x+, Now you can use Spark-HBase Connector also : Maven Dependency to Include : <dependency> <groupId>it.nerdammer.bigdata</groupId> <artifactId>spark-hbase-connector_2.10</artifactId> <version>1.0.3</version> // Version can be changed as per your Spark version, I am using Spark 1.6.x </dependency> And find a below sample code for the same : import org.apache.spark._ import it.nerdammer.spark.hbase._ object HBaseRead extends App { val sparkConf = new SparkConf().setAppName("Spark-HBase").setMaster("local[4]") sparkConf.set("spark.hbase.host", "<YourHostnameOnly>") //e.g. 192.168.1.1 or localhost or your hostanme val sc = new SparkContext(sparkConf) // For Example If you have an HBase Table as 'Document' with ColumnFamily 'SMPL' and qualifier as 'DocID, Title' then: val docRdd = sc.hbaseTable[(Option[String], Option[String])]("Document") .select("DocID", "Title").inColumnFamily("SMPL") println("Number of Records found : " + docRdd .count()) } UPDATED - 2017 As of Spark 1.6.x+, Now you can use SHC Connector also (Hortonworks or HDP users) : Maven Dependency to Include : <dependency> <groupId>com.hortonworks</groupId> <artifactId>shc</artifactId> <version>1.0.0-2.0-s_2.11</version> // Version depends on the Spark version and is supported upto Spark 2.x </dependency> The Main advantage of using this connector is that it have flexibility in the Schema definition and doesn't need Hardcoded params just like in nerdammer/spark-hbase-connector. Also remember that it supports Spark 2.x so this connector is pretty much flexible and provides end-to-end support in Issues and PRs. Find the below repository path for the latest readme and samples : Hortonworks Spark HBase Connector You can also convert this RDD's to DataFrames and run SQL over it or You can map these Dataset or DataFrames to user defined Java Pojo's or Case classes. It works brilliant. Please comment below if you need anything else. A: I prefer to read from hbase and do the json manipulation all in spark. Spark provides JavaSparkContext.newAPIHadoopRDD function to read data from hadoop storage, including HBase. You will have to provide the HBase configuration, table name, and scan in the configuration parameter and table input format and it's key-value You can use table input format class and it's job parameter to provide the table name and scan configuration example: conf.set(TableInputFormat.INPUT_TABLE, "tablename"); JavaPairRDD<ImmutableBytesWritable, Result> data = jsc.newAPIHadoopRDD(conf, TableInputFormat.class,ImmutableBytesWritable.class, Result.class); then you can do the json manipulation in spark. Since spark can do recalculation when the memory is full, it will only load the data needed for the recalculation part (cmiiw) so you don't have to worry about the data size A: just to add a comment on how to add scan: TableInputFormat has the following attributes: SCAN_ROW_START SCAN_ROW_STOP conf.set(TableInputFormat.SCAN_ROW_START, "startrowkey"); conf.set(TableInputFormat.SCAN_ROW_STOP, "stoprowkey"); | Low | [
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Tag: movingtoaustin It’s no secret Texans love their barbecue. It’s also a verifiable truth that H-E-B is one of the mot beloved grocery stores in the state, and maybe even America. Put the two together, and you’ve got a winning formula. RICARDO B. BRAZZIELL/AMERICAN-STATESMAN That’s right, Texas. H-E-B is about to introduce drive-thru barbecue stands to certain stores starting in August, the San Antonio Express-News reports. Customers will be able to enjoy meals from True Texas BBQ, the grocery chain’s barbecue brand. The restaurant will also serve breakfast tacos, because of course it will. “Even if families don’t need to necessarily do a full shop, the True Texas BBQ will be a spot where families can go and dine together and enjoy what is arguably some of the best barbecue in Texas,” H-E-B spokesperson Dya Campos told the Express-News Wednesday. Sadly for Austinites, it looks like we’re still stuck waiting in line at Franklin. So far, the only store to feature the True Texas BBQ restaurant will be in San Antonio, as part of a new 118,000-square-foot H-E-B in the southwest corner of Loop 1604 and Bulverde Road. Sure, the Uvalde-born Matthew McConaughey is a Texan’s Texan with an obvious affinity for the Lone Star State … EXHIBIT A: Yes, that’s Matthew McConaughey back there cheering on a Longhorn touchdown during an October 1999 game. Photo by Sung Park / American-Statesman … but the Hollywood superstar could live anywhere he wants — and afford to bring plenty of Texas with him — why does he live in Austin? The answer is simple: Family. In an interview with ABC News film and TV critic Peter Travers, McConaughey said “my mother is there, the rest of my family is there, part of the reason for going back there was having kids.” McConaughey has lived here in Austin with his wife, Camila Alves, and their three children. His mom, Kay, lives in the Sun City retirement community near Georgetown. Matthew McConaughey and Camila Alves attend a party at the Highball before the Austin premiere of McConaughey’s movie “Gold” on Jan. 12, 2017. Contributed by Rick Kern Last week, McConaughey appeared on ABC’s “Good Morning America” to promote his new film, “Gold” — wearing, fittingly, a shirt emblazoned with Texas yellow roses … Personally, I’d rather take a whomping with a stout stick than spend much time looking back on 2016. But if you’re up for it, l’ll guide you through some of the Texas stuff we learned and loved in the last year … If you’ve ever woken up hungover in a tent in Terlingua, we talked about how that probably happened. When you crest that rise on that Farm-to-Market road at 75 mph and there’s a buzzard congregation gathered ’round the remains of something that was easier to recognize before it wandered into traffic … what are you going to do? What are the buzzards going to do? Today, the Austin360 cover story was a (long) list of things we love about Austin. We know there are millions to include, but we were limited by space so we stuck to 175. Did we miss yours? Let us know in the comments here or on the full story. Want a visual aid? We built a gallery of the 170 picks that could be depicted through photos. Here were the top picks from each staff member that participated: Arianna Auber: beer, wine and spirits writer: Sipping on any one of the 24 thoughtfully curated craft beers on tap at Hi Hat Public House. This little eastside bar, with always friendly service and a menu of gourmet comfort food, helped develop my love of beer and discover the welcoming community surrounding it here. Try Hi Hat on a Tuesday, when you can get two tacos and a pint for $10. (hihatpublichouse.com) Michael Barnes: people, places, culture and history writer: Walking anywhere in Austin. Doesn’t matter where. Mostly, however, in the central city, where, thanks to the Great Streets program, pedestrians are safe, shaded, comfortable and happy. (austintexas.gov/page/great-streets) Peter Blackstock: music writer: Weekly residencies at the Continental Cluband Continental Gallery. We tend to take them for granted, but faraway fans of established artists such as James McMurtry, Alejandro Escovedo, Dale Watson and Jon Dee Graham are rightly amazed to learn that Austinites can hear them play most every week at the anchor of SoCo. (continentalclub.com) Addie Broyles: food writer: With more than a dozen farmers markets taking place on just about every day of the week, it’s easy to find yourself sampling some of the most interesting locally produced food products Austin has to offer, from kimchi and kombucha to kolaches from a food truck and some of the best tamales in Central Texas. Sharon Chapman: entertainment editor: Yappy hours, off-leash parks, day cares, parades and more rescue groups than you can name: Dog cultureis alive and thriving in our pet-friendly city (this year even saw the first ever Austin Pittie Limits). My two wishes for my fellow Austin dog lovers: Everyone obey leash laws, and everyone pick up after their beloved four-legged pals. Nancy Flores: culture reporter: Standing on the top step of the St. Edward’s University Main Building, which is perched on a hill with panoramic views of the Austin downtown skyline. When I first moved to Austin from the small town of Eagle Pass to attend St. Edward’s, looking out at the impressive view meant a world of possibilities ahead. (stedwards.edu) Omar L. Gallaga: technology culture writer: The incredible collection of cabinets and pinball machines atPinballz Arcade make this North Austin institution a great place for a nerd party. With a castle-themed Pinballz Kingdom opening in Buda, South Central Texas is getting arcade love as well. (pinballzarcade.com) Joe Gross: culture writer: The fact that if you are a geek of any conceivable stripe, boy howdy, is this the town for you. Let’s start with comics. Our very best comics shop, Austin Books and Comics, opens at 9 a.m. on new comics Wednesdays. Pick up your titles, talk shop, then head to work or class. (austinbooks.com) Pamela LeBlanc: fitness and travel writer: Water skiing beneath the Pennybacker Bridge on Lake Austin as the sun comes up. (During the week, before work, when the water is glass.) Melissa Martinez: online content producer and entertainment blogger: Hanging out in the grass of the Capitol lawn enjoying a picnic, playing games and rolling down the hills. (tspb.state.tx.us) Matthew Odam: restaurant and travel writer: He may not have been born here or started his career here, but Willie Nelson put Austin on the map musically. He is the Godfather of Austin, embodying the city’s spirit. His natural ease and Zen nature beautifully represent that to which many Austinites aspire. Some of my earliest memories are of hearing his music and going to his fun run. (willienelson.com) Dale Roe: lifestyle writer: Watching a slow-moving Round Rock Expressbaseball game at the Dell Diamond while a cool breeze wafts through the third base side seats offers a welcome respite from the pressures of daily life. A cold beverage, delicious ballpark food, the crack of a bat and the roar of the crowd can make the rest of the world disappear for a few precious hours. Courtney Sebesta: online news and entertainment editor: Sailing a 30-foot sailboat on Lake Travis and spending long summer days swimming, grilling and watching the sun set with friends. Deborah Sengupta Stith: music writer: The city’s ethos is built on a spirit of individuality. I’ve walked around town with a shaved head and a giant nose ring and no one batted an eye. After growing up in a small town, I love being in a place where I feel free to follow my oddball muse wherever it might take me. Jeanne Claire van Ryzin: arts critic: Wandering in and around the 1916 Italianate mansion and lakeside gardens known as Laguna Gloria. (thecontemporaryaustin.org) Nicole Villalpando: family editor: The Thinkery, which opened last December, is finally the children’s museum Austin deserves. Get your tickets online in advance to guarantee entry and don’t forget to step across the street for one of the coolest playgrounds in Austin. (thinkeryaustin.com) Eric Webb: online content producer and culture blogger: Going where everybody knows your name at Cheer Up Charlie’s. Calling the über-chill LGBT haven a “scene” would sound contrived. But the truth is that there’s no better place to be young and breathing in Austin on any given night. Been sipping their kombucha cocktails since the bar was on East Sixth? Hankering East Side King trailer grub and live outdoor music (or a drag show)? Ready to get repulsively sweaty to a DJ set of exclusively Beyoncé songs? The pink and blue neon sign beckons. (cheerupcharlies.com) | Low | [
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Current misunderstandings in the management of ulcerative colitis. Past and ongoing therapeutic concepts for ulcerative colitis have only been moderately successful. A significant proportion of patients with ulcerative colitis will still have to undergo colectomy and overall half of the patients do not achieve sustained remission, leading to impairment of physical and mental health, social life, employment issues and sexual activity. Reluctance to treat patients early on with sufficiently potent drug regimens is obvious. Several popular misconceptions might have led to this situation. First, ulcerative colitis is still considered a more 'benign' disease than Crohn's disease. Furthermore, the general assumption is often that colectomy can 'cure' the disease. Mucosal healing as a therapeutic target has not been widely accepted. Finally, the use of antitumour necrosis factor antibodies in ulcerative colitis has been low because this treatment is considered to be less effective than in Crohn's disease. In the current review we try to disprove these misunderstandings by discussing relevant studies showing how harmful this disease can be and explaining why future studies targeting sustained suppression of inflammation could have an enormous impact on the natural course of the disease. Until these studies are available, we encourage physicians to intensify and maintain treatment until sustained remission and mucosal healing has been reached. | High | [
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The present invention relates generally to the field of marking devices, and more particularly to a device capable of applying a marking material to a substrate by introducing the marking material into a high-velocity propellant stream. Ink jet is currently a common printing technology. There are a variety of types of ink jet printing, including thermal ink jet (TIJ), piezo-electric ink jet, etc. In general, liquid ink droplets are ejected from an orifice located at a one terminus of a channel. In a TIJ printer, for example, a droplet is ejected by the explosive formation of a vapor bubble within an ink-bearing channel. The vapor bubble is formed by means of a heater, in the form of a resistor, located on one surface of the channel. We have identified several disadvantages with TIJ (and other ink jet) systems known in the art. For a 300 spot-per-inch (spi) TIJ system, the exit orifice from which an ink droplet is ejected is typically on the order of about 64 xcexcm in width, with a channel-to-channel spacing (pitch) of about 84 xcexcm, and for a 600 dpi system width is about 35 xcexcm and pitch of about 42 xcexcm. A limit on the size of the exit orifice is imposed by the viscosity of the fluid ink used by these systems. It is possible to lower the viscosity of the ink by diluting it in increasing amounts of liquid (e.g., water) with an aim to reducing the exit orifice width. However, the increased liquid content of the ink results in increased wicking, paper wrinkle, and slower drying time of the ejected ink droplet, which negatively affects resolution, image quality (e.g., minimum spot size, inter-color mixing, spot shape), etc. The effect of this orifice width limitation is to limit resolution of TIJ printing, for example to well below 900 spi, because spot size is a function of the width of the exit orifice, and resolution is a function of spot size. Another disadvantage of known ink jet technologies is the difficulty of producing greyscale printing. That is, it is very difficult for an ink jet system to produce varying size spots on a printed substrate. If one lowers the propulsive force (heat in a TIJ system) so as to eject less ink in an attempt to produce a smaller dot, or likewise increases the propulsive force to eject more ink and thereby to produce a larger dot, the trajectory of the ejected droplet is affected. This in turn renders precise dot placement difficult or impossible, and not only makes monochrome greyscale printing problematic, it makes multiple color greyscale ink jet printing impracticable. In addition, preferred greyscale printing is obtained not by varying the dot size, as is the case for TIJ, but by varying the dot density while keeping a constant dot size. Still another disadvantage of common ink jet systems is rate of marking obtained. Approximately 80% of the time required to print a spot is taken by waiting for the ink jet channel to refill with ink by capillary action. To a certain degree, a more dilute ink flows faster, but raises the problem of wicking, substrate wrinkle, drying time, etc. discussed above. One problem common to ejection printing systems is that the channels may become clogged. Systems such as TIJ which employ aqueous ink colorants are often sensitive to this problem, and routinely employ non-printing cycles for channel cleaning during operation. This is required since ink typically sits in an ejector waiting to be ejected during operation, and while sitting may begin to dry and lead to clogging. Other technologies which may be relevant as background to the present invention include electrostatic grids, electrostatic ejection (so-called tone jet), acoustic ink printing, and certain aerosol and atomizing systems such as dye sublimation. The present invention is a novel system for applying a marking material to a substrate, directly or indirectly, which overcomes the disadvantages referred to above, as well as others discussed further herein. In particular, the present invention is a system of the type including a propellant which travels through a channel, and a marking material which is controllably (i.e., modifiable in use) introduced, or metered, into the channel such that energy from the propellant propels the marking material to the substrate. The propellant is usually a dry gas which may continuously flow through the channel while the marking apparatus is in an operative configuration (i.e., in a power-on or similar state ready to mark). The system is referred to as xe2x80x9cballistic aerosol markingxe2x80x9d in the sense that marking is achieved by in essence launching a non-colloidal, solid or semi-solid particulate, or alternatively a liquid, marking material at a substrate. The shape of the channel may result in a collimated (or focused) flight of the propellant and marking material onto the substrate. In our system, the propellant may be introduced at a propellant port into the channel to form a propellant stream. A marking material may then be introduced into the propellant stream from one or more marking material inlet ports. The propellant may enter the channel at a high velocity. Alternatively, the propellant may be introduced into the channel at a high pressure, and the channel may include a constriction (e.g., de Laval or similar converging/diverging type nozzle) for converting the high pressure of the propellant to high velocity. In such a case, the propellant is introduced at a port located at a proximal end of the channel (defined as the converging region), and the marking material ports are provided near the distal end of the channel (at or further down-stream of a region defined as the diverging region), allowing for introduction of marking material into the propellant stream. In the case where multiple ports are provided, each port may provide for a different color (e.g., cyan, magenta, yellow, and black), pre-marking treatment material (such as a marking material adherent), post-marking treatment material (such as a substrate surface finish material, e.g., matte or gloss coating, etc.), marking material not otherwise visible to the unaided eye (e.g., magnetic particle-bearing material, ultra violet-fluorescent material, etc.) or other marking material to be applied to the substrate. The marking material is imparted with kinetic energy from the propellant stream, and ejected from the channel at an exit orifice located at the distal end of the channel in a direction toward a substrate. One or more such channels may be provided in a structure which, in one embodiment, is referred to herein as a print head. The width of the exit (or ejection) orifice of a channel is generally on the order of 250 xcexcm or smaller, preferably in the range of 100 xcexcm or smaller. Where more than one channel is provided, the pitch, or spacing from edge to edge (or center to center) between adjacent channels may also be on the order of 250 xcexcm or smaller, preferably in the range of 100 xcexcm or smaller. Alternatively, the channels may be staggered, allowing reduced edge-to-edge spacing. The exit orifice and/or some or all of each channel may have a circular, semicircular, oval, square, rectangular, triangular or other cross sectional shape when viewed along the direction of flow of the propellant stream (the channel""s longitudinal axis). The material to be applied to the substrate may be transported to a port by one or more of a wide variety of ways, including simple gravity feed, hydrodynamic, electrostatic, or ultrasonic transport, etc. The material may be metered out of the port into the propellant stream also by one of a wide variety of ways, including control of the transport mechanism, or a separate system such as pressure balancing, electrostatics, acoustic energy, ink jet, etc. The material to be applied to the substrate may be a solid or semi-solid particulate material such as a toner or variety of toners in different colors, a suspension of such a marking material in a carrier, a suspension of such a marking material in a carrier with a charge director, a phase change material, etc. One preferred embodiment employs a marking material which is particulate, solid or semi-solid, and dry or suspended in a liquid carrier. Such a marking material is referred to herein as a particulate marking material. This is to be distinguished from a liquid marking material, dissolved marking material, atomized marking material, or similar non-particulate material, which is generally referred to herein as a liquid marking material. However, the present invention is able to utilize such a liquid marking material in certain applications, as otherwise described herein. In addition, the ability to use a wide variety of marking materials (e.g., not limited to aqueous marking material) allows the present invention to mark on a wide variety of substrates. For example, the present invention allows direct marking on non-porous substrates such as polymers, plastics, metals, glass, treated and finished surfaces, etc. The reduction in wicking and elimination of drying time also provides improved printing to porous substrates such as paper, textiles, ceramics, etc. In addition, the present invention may be configured for indirect marking, for example marking to an intermediate transfer roller or belt, marking to a viscous binder film and nip transfer system, etc. The material to be deposited on a substrate may be subjected to post ejection modification, for example fusing or drying, overcoat, curing, etc. In the case of fusing, the kinetic energy of the material to be deposited may itself be sufficient to effectively either soften or melt (generically referred to herein as xe2x80x9cmeltxe2x80x9d) the marking material upon impact with the substrate and fuse it to the substrate. The substrate may be heated to enhance this process. Pressure rollers may be used to cold-fuse the marking material to the substrate. In-flight phase change (solid-liquid-solid) may alternatively be employed. A heated wire in the particle path is one way to accomplish the initial phase change. Alternatively, propellant temperature may accomplish this result. In one embodiment, a laser may be employed to heat and melt the particulate material in-flight to accomplish the initial phase change. The melting and fusing may also be electrostatically assisted (i.e., retaining the particulate material in a desired position to allow ample time for melting and fusing into a final desired position). The type of particulate may also dictate the post ejection modification. For example, UV curable materials may be cured by application of UV radiation, either in flight or when located on the material-bearing substrate. Since propellant may continuously flow through a channel, channel clogging from the build-up of material is reduced or eliminated (the propellant effectively continuously cleans the channel). In addition, a closure may be provided which isolates the channels from the environment when the system is not in use. Alternatively, the print head and substrate support (e.g., platen) may be brought into physical contact to effect a closure of the channel. Initial and terminal cleaning cycles may be designed into operation of the printing system to optimize the cleaning of the channel(s). Waste material cleaned from the system may be deposited in a cleaning station. However, it is also possible to engage the closure against an orifice to redirect the propellant stream through the port and into the reservoir to thereby flush out the port. Thus, the present invention and its various embodiments provide numerous advantages discussed above, as well as additional advantages which will be described in further detail below. | Mid | [
0.54054054054054,
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using System; namespace APIHTTPSDemo { public class WeatherForecast { public DateTime Date { get; set; } public int TemperatureC { get; set; } public int TemperatureF => 32 + (int)(TemperatureC / 0.5556); public string Summary { get; set; } } } | Mid | [
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1. Field of the Invention: The present invention relates to a method for drying coals, particularly coking coals, by using a heating medium for exchanging the sensible heat of a gas generated from coke ovens and using this heat medium containing the sensitive heat as a main heat source for the drying. 2. Description of Prior Arts: In coke ovens in which coking coals are distilled to produce cokes, the oven gas generating during the distillation in carburization chambers passes through ascension pipes to bend pipes communicating with dry mains and the gas is cooled in the bend pipes by a liquor spray with ammonia liquor, then the oven gas collected in the bend pipes is further cooled down to about ordinary temperatures by gas coolers. The gas generated from the coke ovens is usually at a temperature ranging from 600.degree. to 800.degree. C., but due to the lack of efficient means for recovering the heat contained in the oven gas, or due to a failure in finding appropriate applications for the recovered heat from the oven gas, no practical trials have been made for recovering the waste heat of the coke oven gas. Meanwhile, in coke ovens, combustion chambers provided adjacent the carbonization chambers and gaseous fuels are burnt therein for the purpose of distillation of coking coals, and only part of the waste gas generated by the combustion is recovered in heat regenerating chambers and the remainder is not utilized in the conventional arts. The present inventors have made extensive studies and experiments for recovering the sensible heat contained in coke oven gases from the point of energy savings and proposed a method as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 55-40736, according to which a heat-stable organic heat medium, such as alkyldiphenyl, having a high boiling point, high fluidity at low temperatures, and being usable as liquid under ordinary pressure is supplied through heat conductive pipes arranged in the inside wall of ascension pipes of coke ovens to recover the sensitive heat of coke oven gases and utilize this recovered heat for pre-heating the combustion gas for hot blast ovens. The method just mentioned above has been found to be very effective to recover the heat at a high recovery ratio. | Mid | [
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Q: What is the point of sending timeouts to a different queue and host in nservicebus? I notice the default config/recommendation of the timoutmanager is running it in its own host and pointing to its own queue. Is it simply for performance? A: The timeout manager can manage timeouts for many different nsb endpoint hence the need to run in a separate process. This will also give you fault tolerance for your timeouts | Mid | [
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Site Search Navigation Site Navigation Site Mobile Navigation Unmet Needs Continue to Pile Up By Paula Span December 9, 2014 4:48 pmDecember 9, 2014 4:48 pm “Unmet needs,” a term gerontologists use, refers to care or help you require but don’t get. If, when you’re elderly or disabled, you aren’t able to shop or cook, you lack the strength to go outside, you can’t keep track of your bank account or your medications — and no one assists you with those functions — you have unmet needs. Older people who move into assisted living and other forms of supportive housing are primarily seeking ways to reduce unmet needs. Occasionally, someone moves because he feels lonely or she is trying not to burden her children. But usually, people stay in their homes as long as they can until unmet needs pile up. What I have frequently wondered – and I’m sure lots of you have, too – is how often those supposed solutions actually provide enough services to merit their very high price tags. When someone is spending $3,500 a month for assisted living – the national median, according to Genworth’s annual survey – are there fewer activities the resident can’t manage? Does he or she have fewer unmet needs? The study uses data from the 2011 National Health and Aging Trends Study and pays particular attention to more than 4,000 Medicare beneficiaries over 65 who reported having difficulty with daily activities or received help with them, but did not live in nursing homes. The great majority (82 percent) still occupied “traditional community housing” (their own apartments, homes or condos), in line with national statistics. Almost 8 percent lived in retirement communities or senior housing complexes that didn’t offer much in the way of services. Another 4.6 percent were in independent living facilities, and 5.8 percent in assisted living. In interviews, “they were asked about things they had to go without in the past month, because they didn’t have the help they needed or it was too difficult to do those things on their own,” said the co-author Vicki Freedman, research professor at the University of Michigan’s Institute for Social Research. She and her co-author, Brenda Spillman, of the Urban Institute, measured what resulted: “having to stay in bed, not being able to leave their homes or buildings, going without eating, not being able to get cleaned up, a variety of consequences,” Dr. Freedman said. Both authors have investigated aging issues for years, yet “what surprised us was the sheer amount of unmet needs,” Dr. Freedman told me. The numbers are unsettling: Of those who had difficulty or received help, about 31 percent of those in traditional housing reported having unmet needs in the past month. But so did 37 percent of those in retirement or senior housing, who were significantly more likely than community residents to have gone without hot meals, to have been unable to do laundry or go shopping, to bathe or to go outdoors. In assisted living, where meals and laundry are typically among the services provided, the rates increased still further: 41.5 percent reported a consequence in the past month. The biggest problem? Residents were significantly more likely than community dwellers to be unable to get to a bathroom promptly. One in five assisted living residents reported being unable to use a toilet before soiling or wetting themselves. (The data showed no significant difference in unmet needs between community dwellers and those in independent living.) So on the face of it, this looks as though moving out of your house and into a retirement community or assisted living facility doesn’t do much for you: Unmet needs are actually more prevalent there. But that ignores the fact that the people living in these various places are different. The study collected information on age, health and physical and cognitive function and confirms what we might expect: “Assisted living facilities serve a clientele that’s older, more frail, more likely to have dementia,” Dr. Freedman said. When the researchers controlled for those variables, the differences in unmet needs pretty much evaporated. That is, people in senior housing and in assisted living didn’t report significantly more unmet needs or negative consequences, over all, than those living in their own homes. In fact, after those adjustments, people in assisted living were less likely than community dwellers to have negative consequences like not going outdoors, not moving around indoors, not getting dressed or managing medications. Which looks like a classic good news/bad news finding. On the one hand, seniors and families are getting something for that $3,500 a month and more (frequently way more) in assisted living: Even though they are older and more physically and cognitively impaired, they don’t have more unmet needs than younger, healthier seniors in their own homes. The bad news, though, is that unmet needs remain too high in all these settings. In their own homes, in senior housing and retirement communities, in assisted living, lots of people aren’t getting the help they manifestly need. Paula Span is the author of “When the Time Comes: Families With Aging Parents Share Their Struggles and Solutions.” Julianne Moore gives a wonderful performance in “Still Alice,” but the film skirts the truth about dementia.Read more… About Thanks to the marvels of medical science, our parents are living longer than ever before. Most will spend years dependent on others for the most basic needs. That burden falls to their baby boomer children. The New Old Age blog explored this unprecedented intergenerational challenge. Paula Span will continue to write New Old Age columns twice monthly at nytimes.com/health and the conversation will continue on Twitter (@paula_span) and Facebook. | Low | [
0.48,
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Graystone Company Announces Corporate Update Published 9:15 AM ET Thu, 11 April 2013 Globe Newswire Lima, Peru, April 11, 2013 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The Graystone Company (OTCQB: GYST) announced today that it uploaded 3 satellite photos of its mining properties Gorila and Graystone 2 to its Facebook page. One photo shows the boundaries of the two properties with the location of where the bulk sampling was conducted. The other 2 photos show the boundaries of the properties from approximately 100 miles and 20 miles above the Earth. The photos also show some of the local villages and the white lines indicate boundary markers in the area. The Company has previously been asked about photos of the surrounding area and decided to upload these 3 photos taken from Google Earth. About The Graystone Company. The Graystone Company, Inc. is a U.S.-based mining and exploration company focused on acquiring and developing gold and other mineral properties. The Company's strategy is to build value for shareholders by the identification, acquisition and exploration of early-stage properties that show significant potential for the discovery of gold. The Company sells gold and silver to retail buyers via www.graystonegold.com. Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements in this press release which are not purely historical are forward-looking statements and include any statements regarding beliefs, plans, expectations or intentions regarding the future. Actual results could differ from those projected in any forward-looking statements due to numerous factors. These forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this news release, and we assume no obligation to update the forward-looking statements, or to update the reasons why actual results could differ from those projected in the forward-looking statements. Although we believe that any beliefs, plans, expectations and intentions contained in this press release are reasonable, there can be no assurance that any such beliefs, plans, expectations or intentions will prove to be accurate. Investors should consult all of the information set forth herein and should also refer to the risk factors disclosure outlined in our annual report on Form 10-K for the most recent fiscal year, our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and other periodic reports filed from time-to-time with the Securities and Exchange Commission. | Low | [
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/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Copyright (c) Bentley Systems, Incorporated. All rights reserved. * See LICENSE.md in the project root for license terms and full copyright notice. *--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ import * as chai from "chai"; import { Config, Guid } from "@bentley/bentleyjs-core"; import { ContextType } from "@bentley/context-registry-client"; import { ChangeSetCreatedEvent, GetEventOperationType, GlobalEventSAS, GlobalEventSubscription, GlobalEventType, HardiModelDeleteEvent, HubIModel, IModelClient, IModelCreatedEvent, IModelHubGlobalEvent, NamedVersionCreatedEvent, SoftiModelDeleteEvent, } from "@bentley/imodelhub-client"; import { AccessToken, AuthorizedClientRequestContext } from "@bentley/itwin-client"; import { TestUserCredentials } from "@bentley/oidc-signin-tool"; import { RequestType, ResponseBuilder, ScopeType } from "../ResponseBuilder"; import { TestConfig } from "../TestConfig"; import * as utils from "./TestUtils"; chai.should(); function mockGetGlobalEvent(subscriptionId: string, eventBody: object, eventType?: string, timeout?: number, responseCode?: number, delay?: number) { if (!TestConfig.enableMocks) return; const headers = eventType ? { "content-type": eventType! } : {}; let query = subscriptionId + "/messages/head"; if (timeout) query += `?timeout=${timeout}`; const requestPath = utils.createRequestUrl(ScopeType.Global, "", "Subscriptions", query); ResponseBuilder.mockResponse(utils.IModelHubUrlMock.getUrl(), RequestType.Delete, requestPath, eventBody, 1, {}, headers, responseCode, delay); } function mockPeekLockGlobalEvent(subscriptionId: string, eventBody: object, eventType?: string, timeout?: number, responseCode: number = 201, delay?: number) { if (!TestConfig.enableMocks) return; const headerLocationQuery = subscriptionId + "/messages/2/7da9cfd5-40d5-4bb1-8d64-ec5a52e1c547"; const responseHeaderLocation = utils.IModelHubUrlMock.getUrl() + utils.createRequestUrl(ScopeType.Global, "", "Subscriptions", headerLocationQuery); const headers = eventType ? { "content-type": eventType!, "location": responseHeaderLocation, } : {}; let query = subscriptionId + "/messages/head"; if (timeout) query += `?timeout=${timeout}`; const requestPath = utils.createRequestUrl(ScopeType.Global, "", "Subscriptions", query); ResponseBuilder.mockResponse(utils.IModelHubUrlMock.getUrl(), RequestType.Post, requestPath, eventBody, 1, undefined, headers, responseCode, delay); } function mockDeleteLockedEvent(subscriptionId: string, responseCode: number = 200) { if (!TestConfig.enableMocks) return; const query = subscriptionId + "/messages/2/7da9cfd5-40d5-4bb1-8d64-ec5a52e1c547"; const requestPath = utils.createRequestUrl(ScopeType.Global, "", "Subscriptions", query); ResponseBuilder.mockResponse(utils.IModelHubUrlMock.getUrl(), RequestType.Delete, requestPath, undefined, 1, undefined, undefined, responseCode); } function mockCreateGlobalEventsSubscription(subscriptionId: string, eventTypes: GlobalEventType[]) { if (!TestConfig.enableMocks) return; const requestPath = utils.createRequestUrl(ScopeType.Global, "", "GlobalEventSubscription"); const requestResponse = ResponseBuilder.generatePostResponse<GlobalEventSubscription>( ResponseBuilder.generateObject<GlobalEventSubscription>(GlobalEventSubscription, new Map<string, any>([ ["wsgId", Guid.createValue()], ["eventTypes", eventTypes], ["subscriptionId", subscriptionId], ]))); const postBody = ResponseBuilder.generatePostBody<GlobalEventSubscription>( ResponseBuilder.generateObject<GlobalEventSubscription>(GlobalEventSubscription, new Map<string, any>([ ["eventTypes", eventTypes], ["subscriptionId", subscriptionId], ]))); ResponseBuilder.mockResponse(utils.IModelHubUrlMock.getUrl(), RequestType.Post, requestPath, requestResponse, 1, postBody); } function mockUpdateGlobalEventSubscription(wsgId: string, subscriptionId: string, eventTypes: GlobalEventType[]) { if (!TestConfig.enableMocks) return; const responseObject = ResponseBuilder.generateObject<GlobalEventSubscription>(GlobalEventSubscription, new Map<string, any>([ ["wsgId", wsgId], ["eventTypes", eventTypes], ["subscriptionId", subscriptionId], ])); const requestPath = utils.createRequestUrl(ScopeType.Global, "", "GlobalEventSubscription", wsgId); const requestResponse = ResponseBuilder.generatePostResponse<GlobalEventSubscription>(responseObject); const postBody = ResponseBuilder.generatePostBody<GlobalEventSubscription>(responseObject); ResponseBuilder.mockResponse(utils.IModelHubUrlMock.getUrl(), RequestType.Post, requestPath, requestResponse, 1, postBody); } function mockDeleteGlobalEventsSubscription(wsgId: string) { if (!TestConfig.enableMocks) return; const requestPath = utils.createRequestUrl(ScopeType.Global, "", "GlobalEventSubscription", wsgId); ResponseBuilder.mockResponse(utils.IModelHubUrlMock.getUrl(), RequestType.Delete, requestPath); } function mockGetGlobalEventSASToken() { if (!TestConfig.enableMocks) return; const requestPath = utils.createRequestUrl(ScopeType.Global, "", "GlobalEventSAS"); const responseObject = ResponseBuilder.generateObject<GlobalEventSAS>(GlobalEventSAS, new Map<string, any>([ ["sasToken", "12345"], ["baseAddress", `${utils.IModelHubUrlMock.getUrl()}/sv1.1/Repositories/Global--Global/GlobalScope`]])); const requestResponse = ResponseBuilder.generatePostResponse<GlobalEventSAS>(responseObject); const postBody = ResponseBuilder.generatePostBody<HubIModel>(ResponseBuilder.generateObject<GlobalEventSAS>(GlobalEventSAS)); ResponseBuilder.mockResponse(utils.IModelHubUrlMock.getUrl(), RequestType.Post, requestPath, requestResponse, 1, postBody); } describe("iModelHub GlobalEventHandler (#unit)", () => { let globalEventSubscription: GlobalEventSubscription; let globalEventSas: GlobalEventSAS; let projectId: string; const imodelName = "imodeljs-clients GlobalEvents test"; const imodelHubClient: IModelClient = utils.getDefaultClient(); let requestContext: AuthorizedClientRequestContext; let serviceAccountRequestContext: AuthorizedClientRequestContext; let serviceAccount1: TestUserCredentials; before(async () => { const accessToken: AccessToken = await utils.login(); requestContext = new AuthorizedClientRequestContext(accessToken); projectId = await utils.getProjectId(requestContext); serviceAccount1 = { email: Config.App.getString("imjs_test_serviceAccount1_user_name"), password: Config.App.getString("imjs_test_serviceAccount1_user_password"), }; const serviceAccountAccessToken = await utils.login(serviceAccount1); serviceAccountRequestContext = new AuthorizedClientRequestContext(serviceAccountAccessToken); await utils.deleteIModelByName(requestContext, projectId, imodelName); }); after(async () => { if (!TestConfig.enableMocks) return; await utils.deleteIModelByName(requestContext, projectId, imodelName); if (!TestConfig.enableMocks) { utils.getRequestBehaviorOptionsHandler().resetDefaultBehaviorOptions(); imodelHubClient.requestOptions.setCustomOptions(utils.getRequestBehaviorOptionsHandler().toCustomRequestOptions()); } }); afterEach(() => { ResponseBuilder.clearMocks(); }); it("should subscribe to Global Events", async () => { const eventTypesList: GlobalEventType[] = ["iModelCreatedEvent"]; const id = Guid.createValue(); mockCreateGlobalEventsSubscription(id, eventTypesList); globalEventSubscription = await imodelHubClient.globalEvents.subscriptions.create(serviceAccountRequestContext, id, eventTypesList); chai.assert(globalEventSubscription); chai.assert(globalEventSubscription.eventTypes); chai.expect(globalEventSubscription.eventTypes!).to.be.deep.equal(eventTypesList); }); it("should retrieve Global Event SAS token", async () => { mockGetGlobalEventSASToken(); globalEventSas = await imodelHubClient.globalEvents.getSASToken(serviceAccountRequestContext); }); it("should receive Global Event iModelCreatedEvent", async () => { await utils.createIModel(requestContext, imodelName, projectId); const eventBody = `{"EventTopic":"iModelHubGlobalEvents","FromEventSubscriptionId":"${Guid.createValue()}","ToEventSubscriptionId":"","ProjectId":"${projectId}","ContextId":"${projectId}","ContextTypeId":${ContextType.Project},"iModelId":"${Guid.createValue()}"}`; mockGetGlobalEvent(globalEventSubscription.wsgId, JSON.parse(eventBody), "iModelCreatedEvent"); const event = await imodelHubClient.globalEvents.getEvent(requestContext, globalEventSas.sasToken!, globalEventSas.baseAddress!, globalEventSubscription.wsgId); chai.expect(event).to.be.instanceof(IModelCreatedEvent); chai.assert(!!event!.iModelId); chai.expect(event!.contextId).to.be.eq(projectId); chai.expect(event!.contextTypeId).to.be.eq(ContextType.Project); }); it("should update Global Event subscription", async () => { const newEventTypesList: GlobalEventType[] = ["iModelCreatedEvent", "SoftiModelDeleteEvent", "HardiModelDeleteEvent", "ChangeSetCreatedEvent", "NamedVersionCreatedEvent"]; mockUpdateGlobalEventSubscription(globalEventSubscription.wsgId, globalEventSubscription.subscriptionId!, newEventTypesList); globalEventSubscription.eventTypes = newEventTypesList; globalEventSubscription = await imodelHubClient.globalEvents.subscriptions.update(serviceAccountRequestContext, globalEventSubscription); chai.assert(globalEventSubscription); chai.assert(globalEventSubscription.eventTypes); chai.expect(globalEventSubscription.eventTypes!).to.be.deep.equal(newEventTypesList); }); it("should receive Global Event through listener", async () => { if (TestConfig.enableMocks) { mockGetGlobalEventSASToken(); const requestResponse = JSON.parse(`{"EventTopic":"iModelHubGlobalEvents","FromEventSubscriptionId":"${Guid.createValue()}","ToEventSubscriptionId":"","ProjectId":"${Guid.createValue()}","iModelId":"${Guid.createValue()}"}`); mockGetGlobalEvent(globalEventSubscription.wsgId, requestResponse, "SoftiModelDeleteEvent", 60); mockGetGlobalEvent(globalEventSubscription.wsgId, {}, undefined, 60, 204, 2000); } let receivedEventsCount = 0; const deleteListener = imodelHubClient.globalEvents.createListener(requestContext, async () => { return utils.login(serviceAccount1); }, globalEventSubscription.wsgId, (receivedEvent: IModelHubGlobalEvent) => { if (receivedEvent instanceof SoftiModelDeleteEvent) receivedEventsCount++; }); await utils.deleteIModelByName(requestContext, projectId, imodelName); let timeoutCounter = 0; for (; timeoutCounter < 100; ++timeoutCounter) { if (receivedEventsCount === 1) break; await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, TestConfig.enableMocks ? 1 : 100)); } deleteListener(); chai.expect(timeoutCounter).to.be.lessThan(100); }); it("should receive Global Event with Peek-lock (#unit)", async () => { const eventBody = `{"EventTopic":"iModelHubGlobalEvents","FromEventSubscriptionId":"${Guid.createValue()}","ToEventSubscriptionId":"","ProjectId":"${projectId}","iModelId":"${Guid.createValue()}"}`; mockPeekLockGlobalEvent(globalEventSubscription.wsgId, JSON.parse(eventBody), "iModelCreatedEvent"); const lockedEvent = await imodelHubClient.globalEvents.getEvent(requestContext, globalEventSas.sasToken!, globalEventSas.baseAddress!, globalEventSubscription.wsgId, undefined, GetEventOperationType.Peek); mockDeleteLockedEvent(globalEventSubscription.wsgId); const deleted = await lockedEvent!.delete(requestContext); chai.expect(deleted); }); it("should receive Global Event SoftiModelDeleteEvent (#unit)", async () => { const eventBody = `{"EventTopic":"iModelHubGlobalEvents","FromEventSubscriptionId":"${Guid.createValue()}","ToEventSubscriptionId":"","ProjectId":"${Guid.createValue()}","iModelId":"${Guid.createValue()}"}`; mockGetGlobalEvent(globalEventSubscription.wsgId, JSON.parse(eventBody), "SoftiModelDeleteEvent"); const event = await imodelHubClient.globalEvents.getEvent(requestContext, globalEventSas.sasToken!, globalEventSas.baseAddress!, globalEventSubscription.wsgId); chai.expect(event).to.be.instanceof(SoftiModelDeleteEvent); chai.assert(!!event!.iModelId); }); it("should receive Global Event HardiModelDeleteEvent (#unit)", async () => { const eventBody = `{"EventTopic":"iModelHubGlobalEvents","FromEventSubscriptionId":"${Guid.createValue()}","ToEventSubscriptionId":"","ProjectId":"${Guid.createValue()}","iModelId":"${Guid.createValue()}"}`; mockGetGlobalEvent(globalEventSubscription.wsgId, JSON.parse(eventBody), "HardiModelDeleteEvent"); const event = await imodelHubClient.globalEvents.getEvent(requestContext, globalEventSas.sasToken!, globalEventSas.baseAddress!, globalEventSubscription.wsgId); chai.expect(event).to.be.instanceof(HardiModelDeleteEvent); chai.assert(!!event!.iModelId); }); it("should receive Global Event ChangeSetCreatedEvent (#unit)", async () => { const eventBody = `{"EventTopic":"iModelHubGlobalEvents","FromEventSubscriptionId":"${Guid.createValue()}","ToEventSubscriptionId":"","ProjectId":"${Guid.createValue()}","iModelId":"${Guid.createValue()}","BriefcaseId":2,"ChangeSetId":"369","ChangeSetIndex":"1"}`; mockGetGlobalEvent(globalEventSubscription.wsgId, JSON.parse(eventBody), "ChangeSetCreatedEvent"); const event = await imodelHubClient.globalEvents.getEvent(requestContext, globalEventSas.sasToken!, globalEventSas.baseAddress!, globalEventSubscription.wsgId); chai.expect(event).to.be.instanceof(ChangeSetCreatedEvent); chai.assert(!!event!.iModelId); }); it("should receive Global Event baseline NamedVersionCreatedEvent (#unit)", async () => { const eventBody = `{"EventTopic":"iModelHubGlobalEvents","FromEventSubscriptionId":"${Guid.createValue()}","ToEventSubscriptionId":"","ProjectId":"${Guid.createValue()}","iModelId":"${Guid.createValue()}","ChangeSetId":"","VersionId":"${Guid.createValue()}","VersionName":"357"}`; mockGetGlobalEvent(globalEventSubscription.wsgId, JSON.parse(eventBody), "NamedVersionCreatedEvent"); const event = await imodelHubClient.globalEvents.getEvent(requestContext, globalEventSas.sasToken!, globalEventSas.baseAddress!, globalEventSubscription.wsgId); chai.expect(event).to.be.instanceof(NamedVersionCreatedEvent); chai.assert(!!event!.iModelId); const typedEvent = event as NamedVersionCreatedEvent; chai.assert(!!typedEvent); chai.assert(!!typedEvent!.versionId); chai.expect(typedEvent.changeSetId).to.be.eq(""); }); it("should receive Global Event NamedVersionCreatedEvent (#unit)", async () => { const eventBody = `{"EventTopic":"iModelHubGlobalEvents","FromEventSubscriptionId":"${Guid.createValue()}","ToEventSubscriptionId":"","ProjectId":"${Guid.createValue()}","iModelId":"${Guid.createValue()}","ChangeSetId":"369","VersionId":"${Guid.createValue()}","VersionName":"357"}`; mockGetGlobalEvent(globalEventSubscription.wsgId, JSON.parse(eventBody), "NamedVersionCreatedEvent"); const event = await imodelHubClient.globalEvents.getEvent(requestContext, globalEventSas.sasToken!, globalEventSas.baseAddress!, globalEventSubscription.wsgId); chai.expect(event).to.be.instanceof(NamedVersionCreatedEvent); chai.assert(!!event!.iModelId); const typedEvent = event as NamedVersionCreatedEvent; chai.assert(!!typedEvent); chai.assert(!!typedEvent!.versionId); }); it("should delete Global Event subscription by InstanceId", async () => { mockDeleteGlobalEventsSubscription(globalEventSubscription.wsgId); await imodelHubClient.globalEvents.subscriptions.delete(serviceAccountRequestContext, globalEventSubscription.wsgId); }); it("should receive Global Event iModelCreatedEvent from Asset", async () => { const assetId = await utils.getAssetId(requestContext, undefined); await utils.createIModel(requestContext, imodelName, assetId); const eventBody = `{"EventTopic":"iModelHubGlobalEvents","FromEventSubscriptionId":"${Guid.createValue()}","ToEventSubscriptionId":"","ProjectId":"${assetId}","ContextId":"${assetId}","ContextTypeId":${ContextType.Asset},"iModelId":"${Guid.createValue()}"}`; mockGetGlobalEvent(globalEventSubscription.wsgId, JSON.parse(eventBody), "iModelCreatedEvent"); const event = await imodelHubClient.globalEvents.getEvent(requestContext, globalEventSas.sasToken!, globalEventSas.baseAddress!, globalEventSubscription.wsgId); chai.expect(event).to.be.instanceof(IModelCreatedEvent); chai.assert(!!event!.iModelId); chai.expect(event!.contextId).to.be.eq(assetId); chai.expect(event!.contextTypeId).to.be.eq(ContextType.Asset); }); }); | Mid | [
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24.25
] |
Q: Properly accessing observable value or passing a reference I'm kind of new to Angular and Typescript. I have a question regarding passing a reference into the subscribe function. So I have the code shown below... as you see I'm trying to assign user value from the observable, but it seems function doesn't see the reference. I've seen some other stackoverflow questions, but I don't know how to convert this to the pure arrow function nor how to get an instance of ProfileComponent to successufly asign the value. I'm sorry, I'm very new to this stuff so I'd be very happy if someone could explain to me how to properly do this kind of stuff. Is there any alternative to observable, for ex. if you only one to fetch one item from a GET method, isn't it useless to fetch it as an observable? Please Help. import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core'; import { UserService } from '../_services'; import { User } from '../_models'; import { userInfo } from 'os'; @Component({ selector: 'app-profile', templateUrl: './profile.component.html', styleUrls: ['./profile.component.css'] }) export class ProfileComponent implements OnInit { user: User; constructor(userService: UserService) { this.user = new User(); const obs$ = userService.getAll().subscribe({ next(val) { console.log('Current object: ', val, ' user ', this.user); this.user.userId = val[0].userId; this.user.username = val[0].username; }, error(msg) { console.log('Error Object: ', msg); } } ); /* this.user.userId = obs[0].id; this.user.username = obs[0].username; this.user.password = obs[0].password; */ } ngOnInit() { } } A: It looks like the context of this is being lost. Instead, try using arrow functions, like so: const obs$ = userService.getAll().subscribe((val) => { console.log('Current object: ', val, ' user ', this.user); this.user.userId = val[0].userId; this.user.username = val[0].username; }, (msg) => { console.log('Error Object: ', msg); }); This will ensure the context of this is retained | High | [
0.6730506155950751,
30.75,
14.9375
] |
/** * Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. * Licensed under the MIT License. See License.txt in the project root for * license information. * * Code generated by Microsoft (R) AutoRest Code Generator. */ package com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.implementation; import com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.models.CreatePersonGroupPersonsOptionalParameter; import com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.models.ListPersonGroupPersonsOptionalParameter; import com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.models.UpdatePersonGroupPersonsOptionalParameter; import com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.models.UpdateFaceOptionalParameter; import com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.models.AddPersonFaceFromUrlOptionalParameter; import com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.models.AddPersonFaceFromStreamOptionalParameter; import retrofit2.Retrofit; import com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.PersonGroupPersons; import com.google.common.base.Joiner; import com.google.common.reflect.TypeToken; import com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.models.APIErrorException; import com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.models.ImageUrl; import com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.models.NameAndUserDataContract; import com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.models.PersistedFace; import com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.models.Person; import com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.models.UpdatePersonFaceRequest; import com.microsoft.rest.CollectionFormat; import com.microsoft.rest.ServiceCallback; import com.microsoft.rest.ServiceFuture; import com.microsoft.rest.ServiceResponse; import com.microsoft.rest.Validator; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.List; import java.util.UUID; import okhttp3.MediaType; import okhttp3.RequestBody; import okhttp3.ResponseBody; import retrofit2.http.Body; import retrofit2.http.GET; import retrofit2.http.Header; import retrofit2.http.Headers; import retrofit2.http.HTTP; import retrofit2.http.PATCH; import retrofit2.http.Path; import retrofit2.http.POST; import retrofit2.http.Query; import retrofit2.Response; import rx.functions.Func1; import rx.Observable; /** * An instance of this class provides access to all the operations defined * in PersonGroupPersons. */ public class PersonGroupPersonsImpl implements PersonGroupPersons { /** The Retrofit service to perform REST calls. */ private PersonGroupPersonsService service; /** The service client containing this operation class. */ private FaceAPIImpl client; /** * Initializes an instance of PersonGroupPersonsImpl. * * @param retrofit the Retrofit instance built from a Retrofit Builder. * @param client the instance of the service client containing this operation class. */ public PersonGroupPersonsImpl(Retrofit retrofit, FaceAPIImpl client) { this.service = retrofit.create(PersonGroupPersonsService.class); this.client = client; } /** * The interface defining all the services for PersonGroupPersons to be * used by Retrofit to perform actually REST calls. */ interface PersonGroupPersonsService { @Headers({ "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8", "x-ms-logging-context: com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.PersonGroupPersons create" }) @POST("persongroups/{personGroupId}/persons") Observable<Response<ResponseBody>> create(@Path("personGroupId") String personGroupId, @Header("accept-language") String acceptLanguage, @Body NameAndUserDataContract bodyParameter, @Header("x-ms-parameterized-host") String parameterizedHost, @Header("User-Agent") String userAgent); @Headers({ "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8", "x-ms-logging-context: com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.PersonGroupPersons list" }) @GET("persongroups/{personGroupId}/persons") Observable<Response<ResponseBody>> list(@Path("personGroupId") String personGroupId, @Query("start") String start, @Query("top") Integer top, @Header("accept-language") String acceptLanguage, @Header("x-ms-parameterized-host") String parameterizedHost, @Header("User-Agent") String userAgent); @Headers({ "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8", "x-ms-logging-context: com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.PersonGroupPersons delete" }) @HTTP(path = "persongroups/{personGroupId}/persons/{personId}", method = "DELETE", hasBody = true) Observable<Response<ResponseBody>> delete(@Path("personGroupId") String personGroupId, @Path("personId") UUID personId, @Header("accept-language") String acceptLanguage, @Header("x-ms-parameterized-host") String parameterizedHost, @Header("User-Agent") String userAgent); @Headers({ "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8", "x-ms-logging-context: com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.PersonGroupPersons get" }) @GET("persongroups/{personGroupId}/persons/{personId}") Observable<Response<ResponseBody>> get(@Path("personGroupId") String personGroupId, @Path("personId") UUID personId, @Header("accept-language") String acceptLanguage, @Header("x-ms-parameterized-host") String parameterizedHost, @Header("User-Agent") String userAgent); @Headers({ "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8", "x-ms-logging-context: com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.PersonGroupPersons update" }) @PATCH("persongroups/{personGroupId}/persons/{personId}") Observable<Response<ResponseBody>> update(@Path("personGroupId") String personGroupId, @Path("personId") UUID personId, @Header("accept-language") String acceptLanguage, @Body NameAndUserDataContract bodyParameter, @Header("x-ms-parameterized-host") String parameterizedHost, @Header("User-Agent") String userAgent); @Headers({ "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8", "x-ms-logging-context: com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.PersonGroupPersons deleteFace" }) @HTTP(path = "persongroups/{personGroupId}/persons/{personId}/persistedFaces/{persistedFaceId}", method = "DELETE", hasBody = true) Observable<Response<ResponseBody>> deleteFace(@Path("personGroupId") String personGroupId, @Path("personId") UUID personId, @Path("persistedFaceId") UUID persistedFaceId, @Header("accept-language") String acceptLanguage, @Header("x-ms-parameterized-host") String parameterizedHost, @Header("User-Agent") String userAgent); @Headers({ "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8", "x-ms-logging-context: com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.PersonGroupPersons getFace" }) @GET("persongroups/{personGroupId}/persons/{personId}/persistedFaces/{persistedFaceId}") Observable<Response<ResponseBody>> getFace(@Path("personGroupId") String personGroupId, @Path("personId") UUID personId, @Path("persistedFaceId") UUID persistedFaceId, @Header("accept-language") String acceptLanguage, @Header("x-ms-parameterized-host") String parameterizedHost, @Header("User-Agent") String userAgent); @Headers({ "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8", "x-ms-logging-context: com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.PersonGroupPersons updateFace" }) @PATCH("persongroups/{personGroupId}/persons/{personId}/persistedFaces/{persistedFaceId}") Observable<Response<ResponseBody>> updateFace(@Path("personGroupId") String personGroupId, @Path("personId") UUID personId, @Path("persistedFaceId") UUID persistedFaceId, @Header("accept-language") String acceptLanguage, @Body UpdatePersonFaceRequest bodyParameter, @Header("x-ms-parameterized-host") String parameterizedHost, @Header("User-Agent") String userAgent); @Headers({ "Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8", "x-ms-logging-context: com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.PersonGroupPersons addPersonFaceFromUrl" }) @POST("persongroups/{personGroupId}/persons/{personId}/persistedFaces") Observable<Response<ResponseBody>> addPersonFaceFromUrl(@Path("personGroupId") String personGroupId, @Path("personId") UUID personId, @Query("userData") String userData, @Query("targetFace") String targetFace, @Header("accept-language") String acceptLanguage, @Body ImageUrl imageUrl, @Header("x-ms-parameterized-host") String parameterizedHost, @Header("User-Agent") String userAgent); @Headers({ "Content-Type: application/octet-stream", "x-ms-logging-context: com.microsoft.azure.cognitiveservices.vision.faceapi.PersonGroupPersons addPersonFaceFromStream" }) @POST("persongroups/{personGroupId}/persons/{personId}/persistedFaces") Observable<Response<ResponseBody>> addPersonFaceFromStream(@Path("personGroupId") String personGroupId, @Path("personId") UUID personId, @Query("userData") String userData, @Query("targetFace") String targetFace, @Body RequestBody image, @Header("accept-language") String acceptLanguage, @Header("x-ms-parameterized-host") String parameterizedHost, @Header("User-Agent") String userAgent); } /** * Create a new person in a specified person group. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param createOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @throws APIErrorException thrown if the request is rejected by server * @throws RuntimeException all other wrapped checked exceptions if the request fails to be sent * @return the Person object if successful. */ public Person create(String personGroupId, CreatePersonGroupPersonsOptionalParameter createOptionalParameter) { return createWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, createOptionalParameter).toBlocking().single().body(); } /** * Create a new person in a specified person group. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param createOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @param serviceCallback the async ServiceCallback to handle successful and failed responses. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the {@link ServiceFuture} object */ public ServiceFuture<Person> createAsync(String personGroupId, CreatePersonGroupPersonsOptionalParameter createOptionalParameter, final ServiceCallback<Person> serviceCallback) { return ServiceFuture.fromResponse(createWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, createOptionalParameter), serviceCallback); } /** * Create a new person in a specified person group. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param createOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the observable to the Person object */ public Observable<Person> createAsync(String personGroupId, CreatePersonGroupPersonsOptionalParameter createOptionalParameter) { return createWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, createOptionalParameter).map(new Func1<ServiceResponse<Person>, Person>() { @Override public Person call(ServiceResponse<Person> response) { return response.body(); } }); } /** * Create a new person in a specified person group. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param createOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the observable to the Person object */ public Observable<ServiceResponse<Person>> createWithServiceResponseAsync(String personGroupId, CreatePersonGroupPersonsOptionalParameter createOptionalParameter) { if (this.client.azureRegion() == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter this.client.azureRegion() is required and cannot be null."); } if (personGroupId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personGroupId is required and cannot be null."); } final String name = createOptionalParameter != null ? createOptionalParameter.name() : null; final String userData = createOptionalParameter != null ? createOptionalParameter.userData() : null; return createWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, name, userData); } /** * Create a new person in a specified person group. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param name User defined name, maximum length is 128. * @param userData User specified data. Length should not exceed 16KB. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the observable to the Person object */ public Observable<ServiceResponse<Person>> createWithServiceResponseAsync(String personGroupId, String name, String userData) { if (this.client.azureRegion() == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter this.client.azureRegion() is required and cannot be null."); } if (personGroupId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personGroupId is required and cannot be null."); } NameAndUserDataContract bodyParameter = new NameAndUserDataContract(); bodyParameter.withName(name); bodyParameter.withUserData(userData); String parameterizedHost = Joiner.on(", ").join("{AzureRegion}", this.client.azureRegion()); return service.create(personGroupId, this.client.acceptLanguage(), bodyParameter, parameterizedHost, this.client.userAgent()) .flatMap(new Func1<Response<ResponseBody>, Observable<ServiceResponse<Person>>>() { @Override public Observable<ServiceResponse<Person>> call(Response<ResponseBody> response) { try { ServiceResponse<Person> clientResponse = createDelegate(response); return Observable.just(clientResponse); } catch (Throwable t) { return Observable.error(t); } } }); } private ServiceResponse<Person> createDelegate(Response<ResponseBody> response) throws APIErrorException, IOException, IllegalArgumentException { return this.client.restClient().responseBuilderFactory().<Person, APIErrorException>newInstance(this.client.serializerAdapter()) .register(200, new TypeToken<Person>() { }.getType()) .registerError(APIErrorException.class) .build(response); } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsCreateParameters create() { return new PersonGroupPersonsCreateParameters(this); } /** * Internal class implementing PersonGroupPersonsCreateDefinition. */ class PersonGroupPersonsCreateParameters implements PersonGroupPersonsCreateDefinition { private PersonGroupPersonsImpl parent; private String personGroupId; private String name; private String userData; /** * Constructor. * @param parent the parent object. */ PersonGroupPersonsCreateParameters(PersonGroupPersonsImpl parent) { this.parent = parent; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsCreateParameters withPersonGroupId(String personGroupId) { this.personGroupId = personGroupId; return this; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsCreateParameters withName(String name) { this.name = name; return this; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsCreateParameters withUserData(String userData) { this.userData = userData; return this; } @Override public Person execute() { return createWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, name, userData).toBlocking().single().body(); } @Override public Observable<Person> executeAsync() { return createWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, name, userData).map(new Func1<ServiceResponse<Person>, Person>() { @Override public Person call(ServiceResponse<Person> response) { return response.body(); } }); } } /** * List all persons in a person group, and retrieve person information (including personId, name, userData and persistedFaceIds of registered faces of the person). * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param listOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @throws APIErrorException thrown if the request is rejected by server * @throws RuntimeException all other wrapped checked exceptions if the request fails to be sent * @return the List<Person> object if successful. */ public List<Person> list(String personGroupId, ListPersonGroupPersonsOptionalParameter listOptionalParameter) { return listWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, listOptionalParameter).toBlocking().single().body(); } /** * List all persons in a person group, and retrieve person information (including personId, name, userData and persistedFaceIds of registered faces of the person). * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param listOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @param serviceCallback the async ServiceCallback to handle successful and failed responses. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the {@link ServiceFuture} object */ public ServiceFuture<List<Person>> listAsync(String personGroupId, ListPersonGroupPersonsOptionalParameter listOptionalParameter, final ServiceCallback<List<Person>> serviceCallback) { return ServiceFuture.fromResponse(listWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, listOptionalParameter), serviceCallback); } /** * List all persons in a person group, and retrieve person information (including personId, name, userData and persistedFaceIds of registered faces of the person). * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param listOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the observable to the List<Person> object */ public Observable<List<Person>> listAsync(String personGroupId, ListPersonGroupPersonsOptionalParameter listOptionalParameter) { return listWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, listOptionalParameter).map(new Func1<ServiceResponse<List<Person>>, List<Person>>() { @Override public List<Person> call(ServiceResponse<List<Person>> response) { return response.body(); } }); } /** * List all persons in a person group, and retrieve person information (including personId, name, userData and persistedFaceIds of registered faces of the person). * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param listOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the observable to the List<Person> object */ public Observable<ServiceResponse<List<Person>>> listWithServiceResponseAsync(String personGroupId, ListPersonGroupPersonsOptionalParameter listOptionalParameter) { if (this.client.azureRegion() == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter this.client.azureRegion() is required and cannot be null."); } if (personGroupId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personGroupId is required and cannot be null."); } final String start = listOptionalParameter != null ? listOptionalParameter.start() : null; final Integer top = listOptionalParameter != null ? listOptionalParameter.top() : null; return listWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, start, top); } /** * List all persons in a person group, and retrieve person information (including personId, name, userData and persistedFaceIds of registered faces of the person). * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param start Starting person id to return (used to list a range of persons). * @param top Number of persons to return starting with the person id indicated by the 'start' parameter. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the observable to the List<Person> object */ public Observable<ServiceResponse<List<Person>>> listWithServiceResponseAsync(String personGroupId, String start, Integer top) { if (this.client.azureRegion() == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter this.client.azureRegion() is required and cannot be null."); } if (personGroupId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personGroupId is required and cannot be null."); } String parameterizedHost = Joiner.on(", ").join("{AzureRegion}", this.client.azureRegion()); return service.list(personGroupId, start, top, this.client.acceptLanguage(), parameterizedHost, this.client.userAgent()) .flatMap(new Func1<Response<ResponseBody>, Observable<ServiceResponse<List<Person>>>>() { @Override public Observable<ServiceResponse<List<Person>>> call(Response<ResponseBody> response) { try { ServiceResponse<List<Person>> clientResponse = listDelegate(response); return Observable.just(clientResponse); } catch (Throwable t) { return Observable.error(t); } } }); } private ServiceResponse<List<Person>> listDelegate(Response<ResponseBody> response) throws APIErrorException, IOException, IllegalArgumentException { return this.client.restClient().responseBuilderFactory().<List<Person>, APIErrorException>newInstance(this.client.serializerAdapter()) .register(200, new TypeToken<List<Person>>() { }.getType()) .registerError(APIErrorException.class) .build(response); } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsListParameters list() { return new PersonGroupPersonsListParameters(this); } /** * Internal class implementing PersonGroupPersonsListDefinition. */ class PersonGroupPersonsListParameters implements PersonGroupPersonsListDefinition { private PersonGroupPersonsImpl parent; private String personGroupId; private String start; private Integer top; /** * Constructor. * @param parent the parent object. */ PersonGroupPersonsListParameters(PersonGroupPersonsImpl parent) { this.parent = parent; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsListParameters withPersonGroupId(String personGroupId) { this.personGroupId = personGroupId; return this; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsListParameters withStart(String start) { this.start = start; return this; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsListParameters withTop(Integer top) { this.top = top; return this; } @Override public List<Person> execute() { return listWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, start, top).toBlocking().single().body(); } @Override public Observable<List<Person>> executeAsync() { return listWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, start, top).map(new Func1<ServiceResponse<List<Person>>, List<Person>>() { @Override public List<Person> call(ServiceResponse<List<Person>> response) { return response.body(); } }); } } /** * Delete an existing person from a person group. Persisted face images of the person will also be deleted. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @throws APIErrorException thrown if the request is rejected by server * @throws RuntimeException all other wrapped checked exceptions if the request fails to be sent */ public void delete(String personGroupId, UUID personId) { deleteWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId).toBlocking().single().body(); } /** * Delete an existing person from a person group. Persisted face images of the person will also be deleted. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param serviceCallback the async ServiceCallback to handle successful and failed responses. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the {@link ServiceFuture} object */ public ServiceFuture<Void> deleteAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, final ServiceCallback<Void> serviceCallback) { return ServiceFuture.fromResponse(deleteWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId), serviceCallback); } /** * Delete an existing person from a person group. Persisted face images of the person will also be deleted. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the {@link ServiceResponse} object if successful. */ public Observable<Void> deleteAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId) { return deleteWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId).map(new Func1<ServiceResponse<Void>, Void>() { @Override public Void call(ServiceResponse<Void> response) { return response.body(); } }); } /** * Delete an existing person from a person group. Persisted face images of the person will also be deleted. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the {@link ServiceResponse} object if successful. */ public Observable<ServiceResponse<Void>> deleteWithServiceResponseAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId) { if (this.client.azureRegion() == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter this.client.azureRegion() is required and cannot be null."); } if (personGroupId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personGroupId is required and cannot be null."); } if (personId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personId is required and cannot be null."); } String parameterizedHost = Joiner.on(", ").join("{AzureRegion}", this.client.azureRegion()); return service.delete(personGroupId, personId, this.client.acceptLanguage(), parameterizedHost, this.client.userAgent()) .flatMap(new Func1<Response<ResponseBody>, Observable<ServiceResponse<Void>>>() { @Override public Observable<ServiceResponse<Void>> call(Response<ResponseBody> response) { try { ServiceResponse<Void> clientResponse = deleteDelegate(response); return Observable.just(clientResponse); } catch (Throwable t) { return Observable.error(t); } } }); } private ServiceResponse<Void> deleteDelegate(Response<ResponseBody> response) throws APIErrorException, IOException, IllegalArgumentException { return this.client.restClient().responseBuilderFactory().<Void, APIErrorException>newInstance(this.client.serializerAdapter()) .register(200, new TypeToken<Void>() { }.getType()) .registerError(APIErrorException.class) .build(response); } /** * Retrieve a person's information, including registered persisted faces, name and userData. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @throws APIErrorException thrown if the request is rejected by server * @throws RuntimeException all other wrapped checked exceptions if the request fails to be sent * @return the Person object if successful. */ public Person get(String personGroupId, UUID personId) { return getWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId).toBlocking().single().body(); } /** * Retrieve a person's information, including registered persisted faces, name and userData. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param serviceCallback the async ServiceCallback to handle successful and failed responses. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the {@link ServiceFuture} object */ public ServiceFuture<Person> getAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, final ServiceCallback<Person> serviceCallback) { return ServiceFuture.fromResponse(getWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId), serviceCallback); } /** * Retrieve a person's information, including registered persisted faces, name and userData. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the observable to the Person object */ public Observable<Person> getAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId) { return getWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId).map(new Func1<ServiceResponse<Person>, Person>() { @Override public Person call(ServiceResponse<Person> response) { return response.body(); } }); } /** * Retrieve a person's information, including registered persisted faces, name and userData. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the observable to the Person object */ public Observable<ServiceResponse<Person>> getWithServiceResponseAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId) { if (this.client.azureRegion() == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter this.client.azureRegion() is required and cannot be null."); } if (personGroupId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personGroupId is required and cannot be null."); } if (personId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personId is required and cannot be null."); } String parameterizedHost = Joiner.on(", ").join("{AzureRegion}", this.client.azureRegion()); return service.get(personGroupId, personId, this.client.acceptLanguage(), parameterizedHost, this.client.userAgent()) .flatMap(new Func1<Response<ResponseBody>, Observable<ServiceResponse<Person>>>() { @Override public Observable<ServiceResponse<Person>> call(Response<ResponseBody> response) { try { ServiceResponse<Person> clientResponse = getDelegate(response); return Observable.just(clientResponse); } catch (Throwable t) { return Observable.error(t); } } }); } private ServiceResponse<Person> getDelegate(Response<ResponseBody> response) throws APIErrorException, IOException, IllegalArgumentException { return this.client.restClient().responseBuilderFactory().<Person, APIErrorException>newInstance(this.client.serializerAdapter()) .register(200, new TypeToken<Person>() { }.getType()) .registerError(APIErrorException.class) .build(response); } /** * Update name or userData of a person. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param updateOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @throws APIErrorException thrown if the request is rejected by server * @throws RuntimeException all other wrapped checked exceptions if the request fails to be sent */ public void update(String personGroupId, UUID personId, UpdatePersonGroupPersonsOptionalParameter updateOptionalParameter) { updateWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, updateOptionalParameter).toBlocking().single().body(); } /** * Update name or userData of a person. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param updateOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @param serviceCallback the async ServiceCallback to handle successful and failed responses. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the {@link ServiceFuture} object */ public ServiceFuture<Void> updateAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, UpdatePersonGroupPersonsOptionalParameter updateOptionalParameter, final ServiceCallback<Void> serviceCallback) { return ServiceFuture.fromResponse(updateWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, updateOptionalParameter), serviceCallback); } /** * Update name or userData of a person. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param updateOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the {@link ServiceResponse} object if successful. */ public Observable<Void> updateAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, UpdatePersonGroupPersonsOptionalParameter updateOptionalParameter) { return updateWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, updateOptionalParameter).map(new Func1<ServiceResponse<Void>, Void>() { @Override public Void call(ServiceResponse<Void> response) { return response.body(); } }); } /** * Update name or userData of a person. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param updateOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the {@link ServiceResponse} object if successful. */ public Observable<ServiceResponse<Void>> updateWithServiceResponseAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, UpdatePersonGroupPersonsOptionalParameter updateOptionalParameter) { if (this.client.azureRegion() == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter this.client.azureRegion() is required and cannot be null."); } if (personGroupId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personGroupId is required and cannot be null."); } if (personId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personId is required and cannot be null."); } final String name = updateOptionalParameter != null ? updateOptionalParameter.name() : null; final String userData = updateOptionalParameter != null ? updateOptionalParameter.userData() : null; return updateWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, name, userData); } /** * Update name or userData of a person. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param name User defined name, maximum length is 128. * @param userData User specified data. Length should not exceed 16KB. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the {@link ServiceResponse} object if successful. */ public Observable<ServiceResponse<Void>> updateWithServiceResponseAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, String name, String userData) { if (this.client.azureRegion() == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter this.client.azureRegion() is required and cannot be null."); } if (personGroupId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personGroupId is required and cannot be null."); } if (personId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personId is required and cannot be null."); } NameAndUserDataContract bodyParameter = new NameAndUserDataContract(); bodyParameter.withName(name); bodyParameter.withUserData(userData); String parameterizedHost = Joiner.on(", ").join("{AzureRegion}", this.client.azureRegion()); return service.update(personGroupId, personId, this.client.acceptLanguage(), bodyParameter, parameterizedHost, this.client.userAgent()) .flatMap(new Func1<Response<ResponseBody>, Observable<ServiceResponse<Void>>>() { @Override public Observable<ServiceResponse<Void>> call(Response<ResponseBody> response) { try { ServiceResponse<Void> clientResponse = updateDelegate(response); return Observable.just(clientResponse); } catch (Throwable t) { return Observable.error(t); } } }); } private ServiceResponse<Void> updateDelegate(Response<ResponseBody> response) throws APIErrorException, IOException, IllegalArgumentException { return this.client.restClient().responseBuilderFactory().<Void, APIErrorException>newInstance(this.client.serializerAdapter()) .register(200, new TypeToken<Void>() { }.getType()) .registerError(APIErrorException.class) .build(response); } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsUpdateParameters update() { return new PersonGroupPersonsUpdateParameters(this); } /** * Internal class implementing PersonGroupPersonsUpdateDefinition. */ class PersonGroupPersonsUpdateParameters implements PersonGroupPersonsUpdateDefinition { private PersonGroupPersonsImpl parent; private String personGroupId; private UUID personId; private String name; private String userData; /** * Constructor. * @param parent the parent object. */ PersonGroupPersonsUpdateParameters(PersonGroupPersonsImpl parent) { this.parent = parent; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsUpdateParameters withPersonGroupId(String personGroupId) { this.personGroupId = personGroupId; return this; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsUpdateParameters withPersonId(UUID personId) { this.personId = personId; return this; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsUpdateParameters withName(String name) { this.name = name; return this; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsUpdateParameters withUserData(String userData) { this.userData = userData; return this; } @Override public void execute() { updateWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, name, userData).toBlocking().single().body(); } @Override public Observable<Void> executeAsync() { return updateWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, name, userData).map(new Func1<ServiceResponse<Void>, Void>() { @Override public Void call(ServiceResponse<Void> response) { return response.body(); } }); } } /** * Delete a face from a person. Relative image for the persisted face will also be deleted. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param persistedFaceId Id referencing a particular persistedFaceId of an existing face. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @throws APIErrorException thrown if the request is rejected by server * @throws RuntimeException all other wrapped checked exceptions if the request fails to be sent */ public void deleteFace(String personGroupId, UUID personId, UUID persistedFaceId) { deleteFaceWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, persistedFaceId).toBlocking().single().body(); } /** * Delete a face from a person. Relative image for the persisted face will also be deleted. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param persistedFaceId Id referencing a particular persistedFaceId of an existing face. * @param serviceCallback the async ServiceCallback to handle successful and failed responses. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the {@link ServiceFuture} object */ public ServiceFuture<Void> deleteFaceAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, UUID persistedFaceId, final ServiceCallback<Void> serviceCallback) { return ServiceFuture.fromResponse(deleteFaceWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, persistedFaceId), serviceCallback); } /** * Delete a face from a person. Relative image for the persisted face will also be deleted. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param persistedFaceId Id referencing a particular persistedFaceId of an existing face. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the {@link ServiceResponse} object if successful. */ public Observable<Void> deleteFaceAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, UUID persistedFaceId) { return deleteFaceWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, persistedFaceId).map(new Func1<ServiceResponse<Void>, Void>() { @Override public Void call(ServiceResponse<Void> response) { return response.body(); } }); } /** * Delete a face from a person. Relative image for the persisted face will also be deleted. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param persistedFaceId Id referencing a particular persistedFaceId of an existing face. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the {@link ServiceResponse} object if successful. */ public Observable<ServiceResponse<Void>> deleteFaceWithServiceResponseAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, UUID persistedFaceId) { if (this.client.azureRegion() == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter this.client.azureRegion() is required and cannot be null."); } if (personGroupId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personGroupId is required and cannot be null."); } if (personId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personId is required and cannot be null."); } if (persistedFaceId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter persistedFaceId is required and cannot be null."); } String parameterizedHost = Joiner.on(", ").join("{AzureRegion}", this.client.azureRegion()); return service.deleteFace(personGroupId, personId, persistedFaceId, this.client.acceptLanguage(), parameterizedHost, this.client.userAgent()) .flatMap(new Func1<Response<ResponseBody>, Observable<ServiceResponse<Void>>>() { @Override public Observable<ServiceResponse<Void>> call(Response<ResponseBody> response) { try { ServiceResponse<Void> clientResponse = deleteFaceDelegate(response); return Observable.just(clientResponse); } catch (Throwable t) { return Observable.error(t); } } }); } private ServiceResponse<Void> deleteFaceDelegate(Response<ResponseBody> response) throws APIErrorException, IOException, IllegalArgumentException { return this.client.restClient().responseBuilderFactory().<Void, APIErrorException>newInstance(this.client.serializerAdapter()) .register(200, new TypeToken<Void>() { }.getType()) .registerError(APIErrorException.class) .build(response); } /** * Retrieve information about a persisted face (specified by persistedFaceId, personId and its belonging personGroupId). * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param persistedFaceId Id referencing a particular persistedFaceId of an existing face. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @throws APIErrorException thrown if the request is rejected by server * @throws RuntimeException all other wrapped checked exceptions if the request fails to be sent * @return the PersistedFace object if successful. */ public PersistedFace getFace(String personGroupId, UUID personId, UUID persistedFaceId) { return getFaceWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, persistedFaceId).toBlocking().single().body(); } /** * Retrieve information about a persisted face (specified by persistedFaceId, personId and its belonging personGroupId). * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param persistedFaceId Id referencing a particular persistedFaceId of an existing face. * @param serviceCallback the async ServiceCallback to handle successful and failed responses. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the {@link ServiceFuture} object */ public ServiceFuture<PersistedFace> getFaceAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, UUID persistedFaceId, final ServiceCallback<PersistedFace> serviceCallback) { return ServiceFuture.fromResponse(getFaceWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, persistedFaceId), serviceCallback); } /** * Retrieve information about a persisted face (specified by persistedFaceId, personId and its belonging personGroupId). * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param persistedFaceId Id referencing a particular persistedFaceId of an existing face. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the observable to the PersistedFace object */ public Observable<PersistedFace> getFaceAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, UUID persistedFaceId) { return getFaceWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, persistedFaceId).map(new Func1<ServiceResponse<PersistedFace>, PersistedFace>() { @Override public PersistedFace call(ServiceResponse<PersistedFace> response) { return response.body(); } }); } /** * Retrieve information about a persisted face (specified by persistedFaceId, personId and its belonging personGroupId). * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param persistedFaceId Id referencing a particular persistedFaceId of an existing face. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the observable to the PersistedFace object */ public Observable<ServiceResponse<PersistedFace>> getFaceWithServiceResponseAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, UUID persistedFaceId) { if (this.client.azureRegion() == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter this.client.azureRegion() is required and cannot be null."); } if (personGroupId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personGroupId is required and cannot be null."); } if (personId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personId is required and cannot be null."); } if (persistedFaceId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter persistedFaceId is required and cannot be null."); } String parameterizedHost = Joiner.on(", ").join("{AzureRegion}", this.client.azureRegion()); return service.getFace(personGroupId, personId, persistedFaceId, this.client.acceptLanguage(), parameterizedHost, this.client.userAgent()) .flatMap(new Func1<Response<ResponseBody>, Observable<ServiceResponse<PersistedFace>>>() { @Override public Observable<ServiceResponse<PersistedFace>> call(Response<ResponseBody> response) { try { ServiceResponse<PersistedFace> clientResponse = getFaceDelegate(response); return Observable.just(clientResponse); } catch (Throwable t) { return Observable.error(t); } } }); } private ServiceResponse<PersistedFace> getFaceDelegate(Response<ResponseBody> response) throws APIErrorException, IOException, IllegalArgumentException { return this.client.restClient().responseBuilderFactory().<PersistedFace, APIErrorException>newInstance(this.client.serializerAdapter()) .register(200, new TypeToken<PersistedFace>() { }.getType()) .registerError(APIErrorException.class) .build(response); } /** * Update a person persisted face's userData field. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param persistedFaceId Id referencing a particular persistedFaceId of an existing face. * @param updateFaceOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @throws APIErrorException thrown if the request is rejected by server * @throws RuntimeException all other wrapped checked exceptions if the request fails to be sent */ public void updateFace(String personGroupId, UUID personId, UUID persistedFaceId, UpdateFaceOptionalParameter updateFaceOptionalParameter) { updateFaceWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, persistedFaceId, updateFaceOptionalParameter).toBlocking().single().body(); } /** * Update a person persisted face's userData field. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param persistedFaceId Id referencing a particular persistedFaceId of an existing face. * @param updateFaceOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @param serviceCallback the async ServiceCallback to handle successful and failed responses. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the {@link ServiceFuture} object */ public ServiceFuture<Void> updateFaceAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, UUID persistedFaceId, UpdateFaceOptionalParameter updateFaceOptionalParameter, final ServiceCallback<Void> serviceCallback) { return ServiceFuture.fromResponse(updateFaceWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, persistedFaceId, updateFaceOptionalParameter), serviceCallback); } /** * Update a person persisted face's userData field. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param persistedFaceId Id referencing a particular persistedFaceId of an existing face. * @param updateFaceOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the {@link ServiceResponse} object if successful. */ public Observable<Void> updateFaceAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, UUID persistedFaceId, UpdateFaceOptionalParameter updateFaceOptionalParameter) { return updateFaceWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, persistedFaceId, updateFaceOptionalParameter).map(new Func1<ServiceResponse<Void>, Void>() { @Override public Void call(ServiceResponse<Void> response) { return response.body(); } }); } /** * Update a person persisted face's userData field. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param persistedFaceId Id referencing a particular persistedFaceId of an existing face. * @param updateFaceOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the {@link ServiceResponse} object if successful. */ public Observable<ServiceResponse<Void>> updateFaceWithServiceResponseAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, UUID persistedFaceId, UpdateFaceOptionalParameter updateFaceOptionalParameter) { if (this.client.azureRegion() == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter this.client.azureRegion() is required and cannot be null."); } if (personGroupId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personGroupId is required and cannot be null."); } if (personId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personId is required and cannot be null."); } if (persistedFaceId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter persistedFaceId is required and cannot be null."); } final String userData = updateFaceOptionalParameter != null ? updateFaceOptionalParameter.userData() : null; return updateFaceWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, persistedFaceId, userData); } /** * Update a person persisted face's userData field. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param persistedFaceId Id referencing a particular persistedFaceId of an existing face. * @param userData User-provided data attached to the face. The size limit is 1KB. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the {@link ServiceResponse} object if successful. */ public Observable<ServiceResponse<Void>> updateFaceWithServiceResponseAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, UUID persistedFaceId, String userData) { if (this.client.azureRegion() == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter this.client.azureRegion() is required and cannot be null."); } if (personGroupId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personGroupId is required and cannot be null."); } if (personId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personId is required and cannot be null."); } if (persistedFaceId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter persistedFaceId is required and cannot be null."); } UpdatePersonFaceRequest bodyParameter = new UpdatePersonFaceRequest(); bodyParameter.withUserData(userData); String parameterizedHost = Joiner.on(", ").join("{AzureRegion}", this.client.azureRegion()); return service.updateFace(personGroupId, personId, persistedFaceId, this.client.acceptLanguage(), bodyParameter, parameterizedHost, this.client.userAgent()) .flatMap(new Func1<Response<ResponseBody>, Observable<ServiceResponse<Void>>>() { @Override public Observable<ServiceResponse<Void>> call(Response<ResponseBody> response) { try { ServiceResponse<Void> clientResponse = updateFaceDelegate(response); return Observable.just(clientResponse); } catch (Throwable t) { return Observable.error(t); } } }); } private ServiceResponse<Void> updateFaceDelegate(Response<ResponseBody> response) throws APIErrorException, IOException, IllegalArgumentException { return this.client.restClient().responseBuilderFactory().<Void, APIErrorException>newInstance(this.client.serializerAdapter()) .register(200, new TypeToken<Void>() { }.getType()) .registerError(APIErrorException.class) .build(response); } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsUpdateFaceParameters updateFace() { return new PersonGroupPersonsUpdateFaceParameters(this); } /** * Internal class implementing PersonGroupPersonsUpdateFaceDefinition. */ class PersonGroupPersonsUpdateFaceParameters implements PersonGroupPersonsUpdateFaceDefinition { private PersonGroupPersonsImpl parent; private String personGroupId; private UUID personId; private UUID persistedFaceId; private String userData; /** * Constructor. * @param parent the parent object. */ PersonGroupPersonsUpdateFaceParameters(PersonGroupPersonsImpl parent) { this.parent = parent; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsUpdateFaceParameters withPersonGroupId(String personGroupId) { this.personGroupId = personGroupId; return this; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsUpdateFaceParameters withPersonId(UUID personId) { this.personId = personId; return this; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsUpdateFaceParameters withPersistedFaceId(UUID persistedFaceId) { this.persistedFaceId = persistedFaceId; return this; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsUpdateFaceParameters withUserData(String userData) { this.userData = userData; return this; } @Override public void execute() { updateFaceWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, persistedFaceId, userData).toBlocking().single().body(); } @Override public Observable<Void> executeAsync() { return updateFaceWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, persistedFaceId, userData).map(new Func1<ServiceResponse<Void>, Void>() { @Override public Void call(ServiceResponse<Void> response) { return response.body(); } }); } } /** * Add a representative face to a person for identification. The input face is specified as an image with a targetFace rectangle. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param url Publicly reachable URL of an image * @param addPersonFaceFromUrlOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @throws APIErrorException thrown if the request is rejected by server * @throws RuntimeException all other wrapped checked exceptions if the request fails to be sent * @return the PersistedFace object if successful. */ public PersistedFace addPersonFaceFromUrl(String personGroupId, UUID personId, String url, AddPersonFaceFromUrlOptionalParameter addPersonFaceFromUrlOptionalParameter) { return addPersonFaceFromUrlWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, url, addPersonFaceFromUrlOptionalParameter).toBlocking().single().body(); } /** * Add a representative face to a person for identification. The input face is specified as an image with a targetFace rectangle. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param url Publicly reachable URL of an image * @param addPersonFaceFromUrlOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @param serviceCallback the async ServiceCallback to handle successful and failed responses. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the {@link ServiceFuture} object */ public ServiceFuture<PersistedFace> addPersonFaceFromUrlAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, String url, AddPersonFaceFromUrlOptionalParameter addPersonFaceFromUrlOptionalParameter, final ServiceCallback<PersistedFace> serviceCallback) { return ServiceFuture.fromResponse(addPersonFaceFromUrlWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, url, addPersonFaceFromUrlOptionalParameter), serviceCallback); } /** * Add a representative face to a person for identification. The input face is specified as an image with a targetFace rectangle. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param url Publicly reachable URL of an image * @param addPersonFaceFromUrlOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the observable to the PersistedFace object */ public Observable<PersistedFace> addPersonFaceFromUrlAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, String url, AddPersonFaceFromUrlOptionalParameter addPersonFaceFromUrlOptionalParameter) { return addPersonFaceFromUrlWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, url, addPersonFaceFromUrlOptionalParameter).map(new Func1<ServiceResponse<PersistedFace>, PersistedFace>() { @Override public PersistedFace call(ServiceResponse<PersistedFace> response) { return response.body(); } }); } /** * Add a representative face to a person for identification. The input face is specified as an image with a targetFace rectangle. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param url Publicly reachable URL of an image * @param addPersonFaceFromUrlOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the observable to the PersistedFace object */ public Observable<ServiceResponse<PersistedFace>> addPersonFaceFromUrlWithServiceResponseAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, String url, AddPersonFaceFromUrlOptionalParameter addPersonFaceFromUrlOptionalParameter) { if (this.client.azureRegion() == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter this.client.azureRegion() is required and cannot be null."); } if (personGroupId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personGroupId is required and cannot be null."); } if (personId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personId is required and cannot be null."); } if (url == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter url is required and cannot be null."); } final String userData = addPersonFaceFromUrlOptionalParameter != null ? addPersonFaceFromUrlOptionalParameter.userData() : null; final List<Integer> targetFace = addPersonFaceFromUrlOptionalParameter != null ? addPersonFaceFromUrlOptionalParameter.targetFace() : null; return addPersonFaceFromUrlWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, url, userData, targetFace); } /** * Add a representative face to a person for identification. The input face is specified as an image with a targetFace rectangle. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param url Publicly reachable URL of an image * @param userData User-specified data about the face for any purpose. The maximum length is 1KB. * @param targetFace A face rectangle to specify the target face to be added to a person in the format of "targetFace=left,top,width,height". E.g. "targetFace=10,10,100,100". If there is more than one face in the image, targetFace is required to specify which face to add. No targetFace means there is only one face detected in the entire image. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the observable to the PersistedFace object */ public Observable<ServiceResponse<PersistedFace>> addPersonFaceFromUrlWithServiceResponseAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, String url, String userData, List<Integer> targetFace) { if (this.client.azureRegion() == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter this.client.azureRegion() is required and cannot be null."); } if (personGroupId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personGroupId is required and cannot be null."); } if (personId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personId is required and cannot be null."); } if (url == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter url is required and cannot be null."); } Validator.validate(targetFace); ImageUrl imageUrl = new ImageUrl(); imageUrl.withUrl(url); String parameterizedHost = Joiner.on(", ").join("{AzureRegion}", this.client.azureRegion()); String targetFaceConverted = this.client.serializerAdapter().serializeList(targetFace, CollectionFormat.CSV); return service.addPersonFaceFromUrl(personGroupId, personId, userData, targetFaceConverted, this.client.acceptLanguage(), imageUrl, parameterizedHost, this.client.userAgent()) .flatMap(new Func1<Response<ResponseBody>, Observable<ServiceResponse<PersistedFace>>>() { @Override public Observable<ServiceResponse<PersistedFace>> call(Response<ResponseBody> response) { try { ServiceResponse<PersistedFace> clientResponse = addPersonFaceFromUrlDelegate(response); return Observable.just(clientResponse); } catch (Throwable t) { return Observable.error(t); } } }); } private ServiceResponse<PersistedFace> addPersonFaceFromUrlDelegate(Response<ResponseBody> response) throws APIErrorException, IOException, IllegalArgumentException { return this.client.restClient().responseBuilderFactory().<PersistedFace, APIErrorException>newInstance(this.client.serializerAdapter()) .register(200, new TypeToken<PersistedFace>() { }.getType()) .registerError(APIErrorException.class) .build(response); } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromUrlParameters addPersonFaceFromUrl() { return new PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromUrlParameters(this); } /** * Internal class implementing PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromUrlDefinition. */ class PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromUrlParameters implements PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromUrlDefinition { private PersonGroupPersonsImpl parent; private String personGroupId; private UUID personId; private String url; private String userData; private List<Integer> targetFace; /** * Constructor. * @param parent the parent object. */ PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromUrlParameters(PersonGroupPersonsImpl parent) { this.parent = parent; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromUrlParameters withPersonGroupId(String personGroupId) { this.personGroupId = personGroupId; return this; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromUrlParameters withPersonId(UUID personId) { this.personId = personId; return this; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromUrlParameters withUrl(String url) { this.url = url; return this; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromUrlParameters withUserData(String userData) { this.userData = userData; return this; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromUrlParameters withTargetFace(List<Integer> targetFace) { this.targetFace = targetFace; return this; } @Override public PersistedFace execute() { return addPersonFaceFromUrlWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, url, userData, targetFace).toBlocking().single().body(); } @Override public Observable<PersistedFace> executeAsync() { return addPersonFaceFromUrlWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, url, userData, targetFace).map(new Func1<ServiceResponse<PersistedFace>, PersistedFace>() { @Override public PersistedFace call(ServiceResponse<PersistedFace> response) { return response.body(); } }); } } /** * Add a representative face to a person for identification. The input face is specified as an image with a targetFace rectangle. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param image An image stream. * @param addPersonFaceFromStreamOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @throws APIErrorException thrown if the request is rejected by server * @throws RuntimeException all other wrapped checked exceptions if the request fails to be sent * @return the PersistedFace object if successful. */ public PersistedFace addPersonFaceFromStream(String personGroupId, UUID personId, byte[] image, AddPersonFaceFromStreamOptionalParameter addPersonFaceFromStreamOptionalParameter) { return addPersonFaceFromStreamWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, image, addPersonFaceFromStreamOptionalParameter).toBlocking().single().body(); } /** * Add a representative face to a person for identification. The input face is specified as an image with a targetFace rectangle. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param image An image stream. * @param addPersonFaceFromStreamOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @param serviceCallback the async ServiceCallback to handle successful and failed responses. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the {@link ServiceFuture} object */ public ServiceFuture<PersistedFace> addPersonFaceFromStreamAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, byte[] image, AddPersonFaceFromStreamOptionalParameter addPersonFaceFromStreamOptionalParameter, final ServiceCallback<PersistedFace> serviceCallback) { return ServiceFuture.fromResponse(addPersonFaceFromStreamWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, image, addPersonFaceFromStreamOptionalParameter), serviceCallback); } /** * Add a representative face to a person for identification. The input face is specified as an image with a targetFace rectangle. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param image An image stream. * @param addPersonFaceFromStreamOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the observable to the PersistedFace object */ public Observable<PersistedFace> addPersonFaceFromStreamAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, byte[] image, AddPersonFaceFromStreamOptionalParameter addPersonFaceFromStreamOptionalParameter) { return addPersonFaceFromStreamWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, image, addPersonFaceFromStreamOptionalParameter).map(new Func1<ServiceResponse<PersistedFace>, PersistedFace>() { @Override public PersistedFace call(ServiceResponse<PersistedFace> response) { return response.body(); } }); } /** * Add a representative face to a person for identification. The input face is specified as an image with a targetFace rectangle. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param image An image stream. * @param addPersonFaceFromStreamOptionalParameter the object representing the optional parameters to be set before calling this API * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the observable to the PersistedFace object */ public Observable<ServiceResponse<PersistedFace>> addPersonFaceFromStreamWithServiceResponseAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, byte[] image, AddPersonFaceFromStreamOptionalParameter addPersonFaceFromStreamOptionalParameter) { if (this.client.azureRegion() == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter this.client.azureRegion() is required and cannot be null."); } if (personGroupId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personGroupId is required and cannot be null."); } if (personId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personId is required and cannot be null."); } if (image == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter image is required and cannot be null."); } final String userData = addPersonFaceFromStreamOptionalParameter != null ? addPersonFaceFromStreamOptionalParameter.userData() : null; final List<Integer> targetFace = addPersonFaceFromStreamOptionalParameter != null ? addPersonFaceFromStreamOptionalParameter.targetFace() : null; return addPersonFaceFromStreamWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, image, userData, targetFace); } /** * Add a representative face to a person for identification. The input face is specified as an image with a targetFace rectangle. * * @param personGroupId Id referencing a particular person group. * @param personId Id referencing a particular person. * @param image An image stream. * @param userData User-specified data about the face for any purpose. The maximum length is 1KB. * @param targetFace A face rectangle to specify the target face to be added to a person in the format of "targetFace=left,top,width,height". E.g. "targetFace=10,10,100,100". If there is more than one face in the image, targetFace is required to specify which face to add. No targetFace means there is only one face detected in the entire image. * @throws IllegalArgumentException thrown if parameters fail the validation * @return the observable to the PersistedFace object */ public Observable<ServiceResponse<PersistedFace>> addPersonFaceFromStreamWithServiceResponseAsync(String personGroupId, UUID personId, byte[] image, String userData, List<Integer> targetFace) { if (this.client.azureRegion() == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter this.client.azureRegion() is required and cannot be null."); } if (personGroupId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personGroupId is required and cannot be null."); } if (personId == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter personId is required and cannot be null."); } if (image == null) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter image is required and cannot be null."); } Validator.validate(targetFace); String parameterizedHost = Joiner.on(", ").join("{AzureRegion}", this.client.azureRegion()); String targetFaceConverted = this.client.serializerAdapter().serializeList(targetFace, CollectionFormat.CSV); RequestBody imageConverted = RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("application/octet-stream"), image); return service.addPersonFaceFromStream(personGroupId, personId, userData, targetFaceConverted, imageConverted, this.client.acceptLanguage(), parameterizedHost, this.client.userAgent()) .flatMap(new Func1<Response<ResponseBody>, Observable<ServiceResponse<PersistedFace>>>() { @Override public Observable<ServiceResponse<PersistedFace>> call(Response<ResponseBody> response) { try { ServiceResponse<PersistedFace> clientResponse = addPersonFaceFromStreamDelegate(response); return Observable.just(clientResponse); } catch (Throwable t) { return Observable.error(t); } } }); } private ServiceResponse<PersistedFace> addPersonFaceFromStreamDelegate(Response<ResponseBody> response) throws APIErrorException, IOException, IllegalArgumentException { return this.client.restClient().responseBuilderFactory().<PersistedFace, APIErrorException>newInstance(this.client.serializerAdapter()) .register(200, new TypeToken<PersistedFace>() { }.getType()) .registerError(APIErrorException.class) .build(response); } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromStreamParameters addPersonFaceFromStream() { return new PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromStreamParameters(this); } /** * Internal class implementing PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromStreamDefinition. */ class PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromStreamParameters implements PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromStreamDefinition { private PersonGroupPersonsImpl parent; private String personGroupId; private UUID personId; private byte[] image; private String userData; private List<Integer> targetFace; /** * Constructor. * @param parent the parent object. */ PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromStreamParameters(PersonGroupPersonsImpl parent) { this.parent = parent; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromStreamParameters withPersonGroupId(String personGroupId) { this.personGroupId = personGroupId; return this; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromStreamParameters withPersonId(UUID personId) { this.personId = personId; return this; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromStreamParameters withImage(byte[] image) { this.image = image; return this; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromStreamParameters withUserData(String userData) { this.userData = userData; return this; } @Override public PersonGroupPersonsAddPersonFaceFromStreamParameters withTargetFace(List<Integer> targetFace) { this.targetFace = targetFace; return this; } @Override public PersistedFace execute() { return addPersonFaceFromStreamWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, image, userData, targetFace).toBlocking().single().body(); } @Override public Observable<PersistedFace> executeAsync() { return addPersonFaceFromStreamWithServiceResponseAsync(personGroupId, personId, image, userData, targetFace).map(new Func1<ServiceResponse<PersistedFace>, PersistedFace>() { @Override public PersistedFace call(ServiceResponse<PersistedFace> response) { return response.body(); } }); } } } | Low | [
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Fodor's may use your email address to send you relevant information on site updates, account changes, and offers. For more information about your privacy and protection, please review our full Privacy Policy. Jeju Island Sights Jeongbang Waterfall Fodor's Review The seventy-two-feet-high Jeongbang Falls is the only waterfall in Asia that flows directly into the ocean. Though swimming is not recommended, visitors can wade out into the water; when the tide is low it's possible to get quite close to waterfall. On the rocks near the water is an excellent spot for a picnic lunch, or at the top of the cliffs where you can see another nearby waterfall (Sojeonbong) and take in surrounding views at the observatory. Be sure to wear durable, rubber-soled shoes as the rocks can be extremely slippery. Get here early to avoid the crowds. | Mid | [
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[Influence of radio and television sets on implanted cardiac pacemakers (author's transl)]. Investigations done on implanted pacemakers with a low threshold against extraneous signals and in-vitro tests under suitable conditions both showed that pacemaker wearers may go near television and accessories such as ultrsound distant control or flexless infrared ear phones without any danger. Radio and television sets are fitted to an increasing degree with electronic sensor switches which initiate various functions after a slight touch. This satisfies present regulations of German Electrical Engineers concerning permitted contact currents. However, pacemaker patients can cause impulse defects by use of sensor switches provided the contact current is less than 25 muA. Sensor technique will in the future be introduced for everyday use on a large scale. Therefore, pacemaker patients should be alerted to the possibilities of an influence, and industry should be made to reduce contact currents in sensors to values below 20 muA. | Mid | [
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Servicio Cántabro de Salud The Cantabrian Health Service is an autonomous public health organization which depends of the Government of Cantabria. It was created by the Law of Cantabria 10/2001 of December 28. It is part of the Spanish National Health System and is responsible, in Cantabria, for the public provision of the health service, both care and prevention and rehabilitation. In 2006, The Cantabria Health Service had 7,458 professionals in its workforce to provide healthcare through its network of primary care and specialized care. Functions Management of health benefits in the field of health promotion and protection, disease prevention, health care and rehabilitation in the territory of the Autonomous Community of Cantabria. Administration, management, control and inspection of the Institutions, centers and those health services that are under their dependence, organically and functionally. Management of the financial, material and human resources that are granted to perform the functions mentioned above. Adoption of preventive measures for the protection of health when there is or is reasonably suspected an imminent and extraordinary risk to health. The execution and, where appropriate, coordination of teaching and research programs. Structure The Cantabrian Health Service is structured territorially in four areas called Health Areas: Santander, Laredo, Torrelavega and Reinosa. Your organization is coordinated through the following subdirectories: Administrative Coordination Healthcare Economic Management and Infrastructures Human Resources Development and Quality Assisted Primary health care It is the first level of access of citizens to the Public Health System of Cantabria and among its characterizing elements are the offer of comprehensive health care through preventive, curative and rehabilitative care. It also includes health promotion, health education and environmental health surveillance. On October 18, 2010, the functional structure was created by creating the Laredo Primary Care Primary Management, which includes the former Specialized Care Management and the Primary Care Management Area II as well as the Primary Care Management that includes areas I, III and IV. Primary Care Services The primary care services in Cantabria are constituted in primary care districts, which are known as basic health areas, of which in 2008 there were a total of 37. In each of these zones are located health centers and clinics, Where primary health care is provided to the population. Cantabria has a total of 37 health centers and 122 offices. Specialized health care It provides the population with the technical and human resources necessary for appropriate diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation, which can not be solved at the primary care level. The Cantabrian Health Service manages the five public hospitals in Cantabria. Specialized care services Among the functions of the specialized attention are: Medical and surgical support to Primary Health Care through: Hospital Services Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital: it is located in Santander and is the reference center for all of Cantabria. Sierrallana Hospital: is located in Torrelavega and serves the central and western area of Cantabria. Comarcal Hospital of Laredo, it is located in the town of the same name and serves the eastern part of the region. Tres Mares Hospital: it is located in Reinosa and serves the south of Cantabria. Santa Cruz Hospital: it is located in Liencres, very close to Santander, and actually serves as a complementary hospital of Valdecilla in some services. Planning of the Specialized Attention in the Cantabrian Health Service, coordinating the actions of the Area Management and Addresses. Participation in teaching and research activities. Coordination with Primary Care through Specific Programs, continued training and establishment of joint protocols for certain pathologies or processes. See also Spanish National Health System Health in Spain Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital References Category:Public services of Spain Category:Medical and health organisations based in Spain Category:Organizations established in 2001 Category:2001 establishments in Spain Category:Government health agencies Category:Cantabria | High | [
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Eduardo Ferreira Eduardo Soares Ferreira (born October 8, 1983) is a Brazil-born naturalized Equatoguinean footballer who most recently played for Indian club NEROCA as a centre back. Club career After a stint with South African club Mamelodi Sundowns, Ferreira signed for Colombian second tier club America Cali in January 2012. He injured himself in a match against Atlético Bucaramanga in May. In July 2013, he returned to the South African top tier with newly promoted club Black Aces after a stint with Thai club Ratchaburi. In 2015, Ferreira signed for Iranian club Esteghlal Khuzestan from Brazilian club Macaé. In the only season he spent with the club, he won the Iran Professional League title with it. At the end of the season, he was told by the club that he was surplus to its requirements and he was free to leave the club in the summer. Subsequently, he moved to the Indian Super League and signed for Pune City for the 2016 season. In November, he scored his first goal for the club in a match against Atlético Kolkata. On 6 December 2016, after the end of the Super League, Ferreira joined I-League club Mohun Bagan. In the following October, he switched to city rivals East Bengal as a replacement for the injured Carlyle Mitchell. He scored his first goal on 28 November, in a 2–2 draw against Aizawl FC. In August 2018 he joined NEROCA FC . International career Ferreira was naturalized in 2013 and made his international debut for Equatorial Guinea on 16 November 2013 against Spain as an 81st-minute substitute for Viera Ellong. References External links Eduardo at Footballdatabase Category:1983 births Category:Brazilian footballers Category:Living people Category:Association football defenders Category:Ratchaburi Mitr Phol F.C. players Category:Brazilian expatriates in South Africa Category:Brazilian expatriates in India Category:Brazilian expatriates in Colombia Category:Associação Atlética Anapolina players Category:Ajax Cape Town F.C. players Category:Mamelodi Sundowns F.C. players Category:Clube de Regatas Brasil players Category:América de Cali footballers Category:Mpumalanga Black Aces F.C. players Category:Macaé Esporte Futebol Clube players Category:Esteghlal Khuzestan F.C. players Category:FC Pune City players Category:Mohun Bagan A.C. players Category:East Bengal F.C. players Category:NEROCA F.C. players Category:South African Premier Division players Category:Categoría Primera B players Category:Persian Gulf Pro League players Category:I-League players Category:Equatoguinean people of Brazilian descent Category:Equatoguinean expatriate footballers Category:Naturalized citizens of Equatorial Guinea Category:Equatoguinean footballers Category:Equatorial Guinea international footballers | Mid | [
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Tissue expander complications in the pediatric burn patient. Tissue expanders have become a useful adjuvant in pediatric burn reconstruction. We reviewed our experience with tissue expanders from June of 1984 to July of 1995. There were 403 expanders used in 301 patients. Complications relative to specific anatomic areas from July of 1987 to July of 1995 were compared with previously published data in the journal from June of 1984 to June of 1987. Complications were defined as absolute if they resulted in the loss of expanders or in additional surgery, or none of the preoperative plan was satisfied. The relative complications were defined as spotty alopecia, alopecia greater than 50 percent, or the operative plan was only partially satisfied, sometimes implying poor surgical judgment. The overall complication rate for the period June of 1984 to June of 1987 was 30 percent (37 complications in 122 expanders). In the July of 1987 to July of 1995 study, the complication rate was only 18 percent (51 complications in 281 expanders). This was a statistically significant decrease between the periods (p = 0.010). In the recent 8-year period, there was a decrease compared with the previous study in both the absolute and relative complications. The most common absolute complication in this period was infection (15 of 31, 48 percent) with 12 (39 percent) being early infection. With regard to the nine complications in the neck, face, ear, and supraclavicular area, two-thirds were related to leakage or exposure of the expanders, resulting from the tight anatomic area causing mechanical damage of the expanders as well as ischemia to the overlying skin. Early in the study, the lower extremities proved to involve difficult or unsatisfactory areas to expand, and lower extremity expansion was abandoned throughout the remainder of the study period. The overall decrease in absolute and relative complications is likely the result of increased operative experience as well as a developed protocol for the prevention of perioperative complications relating to infection and expansion in high-risk anatomic sites. | High | [
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Moyers Continues Rant Against ALEC on Taxpayers’ Dollar PBS Host Still Using Taxpayer-Funded Media to Fight Against ALEC By Mike Ciandella June 25, 2013 - 6:38am Bill Moyers may be a respected media veteran, but lately he has also become a veteran of using his taxpayer-supported show to bash groups he doesn’t like. And he does that while blatantly supporting groups he does like, particularly ones on his payroll. On June 21, show, “Moyers & Company” published a 56-minute follow-up documentary in a series of attacks against the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC). ALEC is a nonprofit forum where state legislators and private sector leaders can share ideas. The left has been targeting ALEC and its members for some time. In March 2012, a group of liberal organizations including the Schumann Center for Media and Democracy, the Center for Media and Democracy, the Center for American Progress, People for the American Way, United Republic, Common Cause and Color of Change, launched a campaign to pressure the corporations that funded ALEC to withdraw their support. Moyers heads the Schumann Center, which has given $1,360,000 to groups leading the attack on ALEC. That point was ignored in four stories written about ALEC on Moyers’ website in 2012, even though Moyers has been criticized for his connections in the past. Liberal billionaire George Soros also donated more than $12 million to those same organizations. The campaign against ALEC, dubbed “ALEC Exposed[1],” succeeded in pressuring several ALEC donors to pull funding from the group, including Kraft, McDonalds, PepsiCo and Coca-Cola. Moyers has continued to promote the work of other groups bashing ALEC, through both the “Moyers & Company” website, and his writing on liberal outlets like Alternet. This second installment in “The United States of ALEC[2]” repeated the same arguments brought up in the first[3], with some new interviews with liberal types thrown in. These included appearances by Chip Berlet of the liberal Political Research Associates (whom Moyers describes as an “activist” who “studies the right wing movement”), John Nichols of the liberal Soros-funded magazine The Nation and Lisa Graves of the Center for Media and Democracy(CMD), which Moyers’ Schumann Center funds. Nichols is also a major proponent of government-funded media. Moyers began the documentary by warning about what he saw as ALEC's agenda: “Privatizing America, one statehouse at a time.” “What's the purpose of privatizing education in the United States?” asked Julie Underwood, a dean at the University of Wisconsin. “Because there are some things in the United States, like courts, legislatures, public education, that really, really need to remain public. And that's the heart of what we are as a democracy.” Moyers and the other liberals featured in the film implied that ALEC can actually make laws, but this is not the case. “Through ALEC, you can change the whole country without ever going to Washington, without ever having to go through a congressional hearing, without ever having to lobby on Capitol Hill, without ever having to talk to a president,” Nichols said in the introduction to the documentary. Of course, this statement was misleading at best. Nothing that has come out of ALEC instantly became law. Rather, ALEC is a forum for legislators to talk to leaders from the corporate sector about new ideas, which are then submitted to be voted on in state governments. These bills then have to go through the exact same process as any other bill before they can become law. To Moyers’ credit he did begin the documentary by disclosing that the Center for Media and Democracy is funded by the Schumann Center. When the crusade against ALEC began, Moyers made no such concession.[4] On Oct. 4, 2012, billmoyers.com cited the work of the Schumann-funded Center for Media and Democracy, calling it a “progressive watchdog group,” but again neglected to disclose the connection between this group and Bill Moyers. Moyers has hosted “Moyers & Company,” which is distributed by American Public Media, since his return to the airwaves in January 2012. Moyers had tried a brief retirement beginning in 2010. As president of the Schumann Center, Moyers has funded four of the groups involved in the attack on ALEC: Center for American Progress: $1,100,000 Center for Media and Democracy: $250,000 since 2000 and $75,000 in the 90s People for the American Way: $10,000 The Schumann Center was also listed as a foundation donor in Common Cause’s 2011 annual report, although the amount of money given was unspecified. The same four organizations that received funds from Moyers have also received money from Soros’s Open Society Foundation since 2000, totaling, $13,538,491: Center for American Progress: $5,784,991 People for the American Way: $4,625,000 Common Cause: $2,528,500 Color of Change: $300,000 Center for Media and Democracy: $300,000 The American Legislative Exchange Council is a non-profit organization that promotes state-based policy initiatives. ALEC has been heavily criticized by the left for its politically conservative stance on many issues. Moyers, whom Common Cause called a “veteran journalist,” has been instrumental in both funding and publicizing the attacks against the conservative group ALEC. The Society of Professional Journalists’ Code of Ethics[7] expressly states that “journalists should avoid conflicts of interest, real or perceived,” and that they should “remain free of associations and activities that may compromise integrity or damage credibility,” and, furthermore, that journalists should “shun secondary employment, political involvement … if they compromise journalistic integrity.” Moyers is an outspoken liberal, and he has repeatedly used his show to promote liberal causes and criticize conservatives. He even went so far as to compare Occupiers to abolitionists and suffragettes. He has also called the National Rifle Association[8] “the enabler of death — paranoid, delusional and as venomous as a scorpion[9],” claiming that “[w]ith the weak-kneed acquiescence of our politicians, the National Rifle Association has turned the Second Amendment of the Constitution into a cruel and deadly hoax.” Moyers may have once been a journalism icon, but he’s not anymore. Now he’s an activist, with a taxpayer-funded platform to broadcast from. Federal employees and military personnel can donate to the Media Research Center through the Combined Federal Campaign or CFC. To donate to the MRC, use CFC #12489. Visit the CFC website for more information about giving opportunities in your workplace. | Low | [
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WIAA, Football Coaches Ponder Less Practice Hitting The WIAA and Wisconsin Football Coaches Association are closing in on enacting a plan that would limit player-on-player contact during practice, and the rules could be in place in time for the start of the upcoming season. Leadership from those groups and the WIAA sports medical advisory committee have come up with a proposal that will be discussed at the Board of Control meeting Thursday in Stevens Point. The Board can either put the measure in place for the 2014 season or send it through the formal committee process next winter, which would mean it could take effect no sooner than 2015. The proposal comes at a time when there is raised awareness about the dangers of head injuries and questions about the safety of the sport in general. It would provide guidelines for an issue that to this point has been decided on a coach-by-coach basis. “I think it’s really good,” WFCA executive director Dan Brunner said of the plan. “I think it’s going to get us ahead of the curve here before things get mandated at the national level.” Earlier this month Brunner, Lancaster coach John Hoch and Madison Edgewood coach Al Minnaert met with three members of ther medical advisory committee as well as WIAA executive director Dave Anderson and deputy director Wade Labecki, who are both former football coaches. Here is the plan they came up with: Week 1 of practice: Only Drill/Contact is allowed and it is unlimited. Bags is considered activity “against a bag, shield or pad to allow for a soft-contact surface, with or without the resistance of a teammate or coach standing behind the bag”. Wrap is considered drills run at full speed until contact, which is above the waist with players remaining on their feet. These activities are considered Competition/Full Contact, which are limited in the plan: Thud. This is the same as a wrap, but the tempo is competitive with no pre- determined winner and the players are not tackled to the ground. Live competition or full contact. These are drills or game situations that occur at game speed when full tackles are made at a competitive pace and players are taken to the ground. Labecki, via email, said the plan would be the strongest in the country if passed. The proposal comes at a time when other states are beginning to enact rules on football contact. “It was felt that we should be proactive for this fall,” Labecki said in the email. This latest proposal would work in conjunction with the acclimatization rules, which were passed in January. The acclimatization rules make the first day of full pads/contact the seventh day of the season rather than the fourth day as in previous years. Once the regular season starts, teams are allowed 2½ hours to practice per day with a recovery period. Acclimatization classifies preseason practices as either long or short. Short practices would last a maximum of three hours plus a 30-minute recovery period that would have to occur in a “cool environment” no later than two hours into the practice. Long practices would follow the “short practice model” for the first three-hour period. After that players would be required to have a three-hour break to recover and then teams could practice an additional 90 minutes, but the only equipment allowed would be helmets and mouth guard. Long practices cannot be held on consecutive days and the first long practice must be held the day after a short practice. This article was republished with permission from the author, Mark Stewart. The original article was published in the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Want To Contribute? So you want to contribute to the Sport Digest? We welcome submissions from the public and alumni alike. Below are links to the information you need to know. Feel free to submit a request for any additional information you may need. | High | [
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An employee working for Terros Health in Phoenix, AZ fell for a phishing scam and inadvertently disclosed login credentials to a scammer. The attacker accessed the employee’s email account, and potentially viewed protected health information (PHI) contained in the email account. Only one email account was accessed and no other systems were compromised. Terros Health discovered the phishing attack on April 12, 2018 and announced it to the media on June 8. Breach notification letters have now been sent by mail to all patients affected by the breach. Investigators found out that the phishing attack happened on or around November 16, 2017. The compromised email account contained the PHI of approximately 1,600 patients. 1,241 of the patients only had their names and birth dates exposed. The rest of the patients had their email address, address, medical record number, diagnoses and some other PHI exposed. The Social Security numbers of 142 patients were also contained in the compromised email and could have been viewed or obtained. Most of the patients impacted by the breach had received medical services at the clinic near 23rd Avenue/Dunlap Avenue. Terros Health has offered free credit monitoring and identity theft protection services for one year to patients whose Social Security numbers were compromised and has already improved security, policies and procedures to prevent further breaches of similar nature. The staff also underwent further security awareness training. | Mid | [
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Q: Is it true that the continuous image of a maximally connected set is maximally connected? Let $f: X \to Y$ be a continuous function between topological spaces. Denote for $x \in X, K(x)$ as the largest connected subset that contains $x$. Is it true that $f(K(x))$ is the largest connected set in $Y$ that contains $f(x)$? Using continuity it is straightforward to see that $f(K(x)) \subseteq K(f(x))$, and if we assume that $f$ is a homeomorphism the other inclusion can be done in the same way. Can we prove the other inclusion only using that $f$ is continuous (and not bijective and/or continuous)? A: Let $f : [0, 1) \cup [2, 3] \to [0, 2]$ $$f(x) = \begin{cases} x & \text{for } x \in [0, 1) \\ x-1 & \text{for } x \in [2, 3] \end{cases}$$ Then $f$ is a continuous bijection, but $f \big[ [2, 3] \big] = [1, 2] \subseteq [0, 2]$ is not maximally connected. | Mid | [
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--- # author: lework - name: configure | Setup nginx.conf. template: dest: "{{ openresty_conf_file_path }}" src: nginx.conf.j2 mode: 0644 owner: "{{ openresty_user }}" group: "{{ openresty_group }}" notify: Reload nginx. - name: configure | Setup default_server conf. template: dest: "{{ openresty_conf_d_path }}/00_default_server.conf" src: nginx_default_server_conf.j2 mode: 0644 owner: "{{ openresty_user }}" group: "{{ openresty_group }}" when: not openresty_upstreams and not openresty_proxys and not openresty_vhosts notify: Reload nginx. - name: configure | Setup up upstream conf. template: dest: "{{ openresty_conf_d_path }}/10_upstream.conf" src: nginx_upstream_conf.j2 mode: 0644 owner: "{{ openresty_user }}" group: "{{ openresty_group }}" when: openresty_upstreams and not openresty_stream notify: Reload nginx. - name: configure | Setup up vhosts conf. template: dest: "{{ openresty_conf_d_path }}/20_vhosts.conf" src: nginx_vhosts_conf.j2 mode: 0644 owner: "{{ openresty_user }}" group: "{{ openresty_group }}" when: openresty_vhosts and not openresty_stream notify: Reload nginx. - name: configure | Setup up stream conf. template: dest: "{{ openresty_conf_path }}/00_stream.conf" src: nginx_stream_conf.j2 mode: 0644 owner: "{{ openresty_user }}" group: "{{ openresty_group }}" when: openresty_stream notify: Reload nginx. - name: configure | Setup nginx.sh file. template: dest: "/etc/rc.d/init.d/openresty" mode: 0755 src: nginx.sh.j2 - name: configure | Add openresty services. shell: "chkconfig --add openresty && chkconfig openresty on" - name: configure | Ensure openresty is running for centos6. service: "name=openresty state=started enabled=yes" when: ansible_distribution == "CentOS" and ansible_distribution_major_version == "6" - name: configure | Ensure openresty is running for centos7. systemd: "name=openresty state=started enabled=yes" when: ansible_distribution == "CentOS" and ansible_distribution_major_version == "7" | Mid | [
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" April's tax deficit of $83 billion was the highest April deficit on record. America is now more bankrupt than ever. Income was $245.3 billion, 8% below the total recorded last April. Spending was $328.0 billion, up 14% year-over-year. " | Low | [
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FILE PHOTO: Migrant workers walk along a highway with their families as they return to their villages, during a 21-day nationwide lockdown to limit the spreading of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), in Ghaziabad, on the outskirts of New Delhi, March 27, 2020. REUTERS/Adnan Abidi NEW DELHI (Reuters) - Indian health workers caused outrage on Monday by spraying a group of migrants with disinfectant, amid fears that a large scale movement of people from cities to the countryside risked spreading the coronavirus. Footage showed a group of migrant workers sitting on a street in Bareilly, a district in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, as health officials in protective suits used hose pipes to douse them in disinfectant, prompting anger on social media. Nitish Kumar, the top government official in the district, said health workers had been ordered to disinfect buses being used by the local authorities but in their zeal had also turned their hoses on migrant workers. “I have asked for action to be taken against those responsible for this,” he said in a tweet. India imposed a nationwide lockdown on March 25, with thousands of laborers subsequently fleeing cities for their home villages after work - and public transport - vanished. India has registered more than a thousand cases of the new coronavirus, of whom 29 have died, the Health Ministry said on Monday. Health officials say India is weeks away from a surge in cases that could overwhelm its weak public health system. | Low | [
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Shabir Ibrahim Kaskar Sabir Ibrahim Kaskar (died 12 February 1981) was a notorious Indian criminal based in Mumbai. He was the elder brother of Dawood Ibrahim, the current gang leader of the D-Company. The rise of Sabir and Dawood in Mumbai's underworld and the sympathetic attitude of the Mumbai police towards them evoked the jealousy and resentment of from the Pathan gang that dominated South Mumbai area. Finally, the inter-gang rivalry grew to such an extent that the Pathan gang leader Samad Khan and his trusted cronies Amirzada and Alamzeb plotted to kill Sabir and Dawood. On 12 February 1981, they shot dead Sabir at a petrol pump in Prabhadevi in central Mumbai. The murder of Sabir was an important chapter in Mumbai's underworld as it unleashed a gruesome gang war between Dawood Ibrahim gang- D Company and the Pathan gang leading to a spate of shootouts. Amirzada Alamzeb and Samad were eliminated one by one by gangsters financed by Dawood and eventually the Pathan gang's dominance was replaced by the Dawood Ibrahim gang. Early life and entry into crime Sabir Ibrahim Kaskar, was the eldest son of Ibrahim Kaskar, a police constable in the CID department at Azad Maidan police station in Mumbai. He lived in Temkar mohalla in Dongri in South Mumbai. He was a Kokni Muslim and hailed from Mumka village in Ratnagiri district, Konkan region in the Indian state of Maharashtra in 1955. He belongs to the Konkani Muslim community. The family had eight children and was perennially impoverished. Sabir and his younger brother, Dawood were school dropouts and often spent their days wandering on the streets of Dongri and Bhendi Bazar. In those days, people in those areas lived in fear and awe of Karim Lala, the leader of the Pathan gang and Haji Mastan, the smuggler who enjoyed a cult following among the impoverished Muslim youths in south Mumbai including Sabir and Dawood. Soon Sabir and Dawood joined in the petty street crime of selling smuggled electronics goods and watches. They often cheated gullible travelers and got involved in street brawls. Sabir, Dawood, and their friends would hang out near Crawford Market in search of gullible travelers and offer them smuggled Rolex watches for a measly price compared to the actual cost. After the buyer paid them in cash, they would pretend to wrap the watch in a small paper or cloth and tell the buyer not to open it to avoid police suspicion. It would be a stone instead of the watch. They called this activity "Adla-Badli" (switch and bait). If the buyer found out that he had been cheated and accosted them, they would intimidate him with the help of burly Pathan hoodlums from the neighborhood. They also did odd jobs for Haji Mastan and Karim Lala gangs like collecting protection money ("hafta vasuli") from shopkeepers, offloading smuggled goods and transporting them from one place to another. Rivalry with the Pathan gang and death In December 1974, Dawood Ibrahim and his ragtag gang of friends robbed Rs. 4.75 Lakhs in cash from what they believed were 'angadiyas' (local courier men) carrying cash from rich Gujarati businessmen. Later they realized that the cash actually belonged to the Metropolitan Bank in Bombay. Dawood and Sabir became rich gangsters overnight but incurred the wrath of the Pathan gang leader- Samad Khan, the eccentric nephew of Karim Lala for daring to rob in his territory. When Emergency was declared in India between 1975 to 1977, most gangsters including Haji Mastan and Karim Lala were either jailed or went into hiding. Dawood and Sabir took advantage of the power vaccum and started managing the smuggling business of Haji Mastan on his behalf. By 1980, Dawood and Sabir had become as rich and influential as the Pathan gang. Moreover they enjoyed the symathy of certain factions within the Mumbai police who used them as a bulwark to curb the growing menace of the Pathan gang. Dawood and Sabir would tip-off the police on the illegal transactions of the Pathan gang. In return, the police would turn a blind eye towards their illegal activities. Tensions between the Pathan gang and Dawood-Sabir reached to such an extent that in 1981, Samad Khan decided to eliminate Sabir and Dawood to regain control of the underworld in South Mumbai. On 12 February 1981, Samad, Alamzeb and Amirzada chased Sabir's fiat car and finally gunned him down at a petrol pump opposite the Siddhi Vinayak temple in Prabhadevi. Contrary to popular rumours, gangster Manya Surve was not involved in Sabir's murder. Immediately after killing Sabir, the Pathan gangsters turned back into Temkar mohalla to kill Dawood. But he was saved by his alert bodyguard, Khalid Pehelwan. Dawood escaped and planned to take revenge for his brother's murder. He offered a big supari (contract for killing) to rival gang leaders- Bada Rajan and Rama Naik to kill Samad, Amirzada and Alamzeb. The first one to be eliminated was Amirzada who was shot dead in broad daylight in the Mumbai sessions court in September 1983 by David Pardeshi, a member from the Bada Rajan gang. Alamzeb was gunned down in Vadodara by the Gujarat police in an encounter, rumored to have been engineered by Dawood Ibrahim. After Alamzeb's death, Dawood evaded police arrest and escaped to Dubai. Finally, in October 1984, Samad Khan was shot dead outside his apartment in south Mumbai by members of the Rama Naik gang. In popular culture Manoj Bajpai's character Zubair Imtiaz Haksar in the film, Shootout at Wadala was based on Shabir Ibrahim Kaskar. Shootout at Wadala initially premiered the name as Shabir Ibrahim Kaskar on their promos, which later on changed to Zubair Imtiaz Haksar. References http://ibnlive.in.com/news/dongri-to-dubai-six-decades-of-the-mumbai-mafia-the-rise-of-dawood-ibrahim/267819-40-102.html External links SAW Original trailer includes Shabir name Category:Criminals from Mumbai Category:Indian Muslims Category:D-Company Category:1981 deaths | Low | [
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Grid Silk Scarf Grid Silk Scarf 55.00 Rachel's designs are composed from her drawings and photographs and digitally printed onto 100% Silk. The Geometric collection is inspired from structure, shape, pattern and form found within architecture and manmade forms. Each scarf measures 26cm width x 160cm length and is pin hemmed and labelled. Each scarf is individually wrapped in black tissue paper and packaged in a black A4 cardboard gift box. Dry Clean Only | Low | [
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When reading a published journal the reader always hopes to be privy to the inner life of the writer. Most often, though, writing is done to be read and so there will be a certain amount of shaping, self-censorship, even. In Father Alexander Schmemann’s Journals there is quite a lot of shaping, and it seems clear from the selection and manner of presentation of details that he expected the journals to be read by others who would not be familiar with his life. Indeed, the very first entry of these journals seems to be a ‘preface’ to the whole. "What is there to ‘explain’?" Fr Schmemann asks of his desire to begin these journals, and goes on to respond: The surprising combination in me of a deep and ever-growing revulsion at endless discussions and debates about religion, at superficial affirmations, pious emotionalism and certainly against pseudo-churchly interests, petty and trifling, and, at the same time, an ever-growing sense of reality … Always the same feeling of time filled with eternity, with full and sacred joy. I have the feeling that church is needed so that this experience of reality would exist. Where the church ceases to be a symbol, a sacrament, it becomes a horrible caricature of itself. (p 1) In addition to his own personal shaping for the eyes of others, these Journals are edited by Fr Alexander’s widow, Juliana Schmemann. Editing by someone so close to the writer raises the possibility that the text might be edited to protect the author’s memory, to present him at his best. It is also published by the press of St Vladimir’s Seminary, which, as the home and workplace for many years to Fr Alexander, would naturally also be interested in the author’s reputation. And so there are (at least) three layers between the reader and the inner life of the author. This having been said, the publication of the Journals by Matushka Schmemann and St Vladimir’s is an act of courage. There is no shying away from the darkness that often seems to have been strongly present in Fr Alexander. There is much that, in isolation, could be used against him by his detractors. In one place Fr Alexander is very honest about his prayer life, not ‘traditional’ by any means, and in many others is critical of monasticism, of bishops. He is most often critical of a certain type who play acts Orthodoxy, taking the Orthodox costume and a shallow maximalism above the substance of the life in Christ. There are many instances in the journals of what seems to be depression, sometimes almost despair, in regard to the situation of Christianity, the Orthodox Church in particular, and even more, the Orthodox situation in America. But O, how wondrous, how luminescent, is the joy, the light, the hope that shines against the dark background of these journals. It is this contrast, and it is a multi-toned contrast rather than simply black and white, that is the tonality of these journals. The source of false religion is the inability to rejoice, or, rather, the refusal of joy, whereas joy is absolutely essential because it is without any doubt the fruit of God’s presence. One cannot know that God exists and not rejoice. Only in relation to joy are the fear of God and humility correct, genuine, fruitful. Outside of joy they become demonic, the deepest distortion of religious experience … Somehow ‘religious’ people often look on joy with suspicion. The first, the main source of everything is ‘my soul rejoices in the Lord …’ The fear of sin does not save from sin. Joy in the Lord saves … Joy is the foundation of freedom, where we are called to stand. Where, how, when has this tonality of Christianity become distorted, dull — or, rather, where, how, why have Christians become deaf to joy? How, when and why, instead of freeing suffering people, did the Church come to sadistically intimidate and frighten them? (p. 129) The reader has the sense that joy was not easily come by for Fr Alexander, but a constant struggle, and when it appears it is always seen against the darker background, the forces that would rob Christianity of the one thing necessary, especially the forces present within the Church itself. This criticism of those forces, including its Orthodox manifestation, is repeated again and again in these pages. There is a wonderful set of entries from Holy Week in 1981: Monday, April 20. Lazarus Saturday and Palm Sunday services were especially joyful….the Epistle of all Epistles: "Rejoice … and again I say, Rejoice!" Truly the Kingdom of God is among us, within us. But why, except for a momentary joy, does all of it not have more effect? How much anger, mutual torture, offense. How much — without exaggeration — hidden violence. Tuesday, April 21 What has Christianity lost so that the world, nurtured by Christianity, has recoiled from it and started to pass judgement over the Christian faith? Christianity has lost joy — not natural joy, not joy-optimism, not joy from earthly happiness, but the Divine joy about which Christ told us that "no one will take your joy from you" (John 16:22). Only this joy knows that God’s love to man and to the world is not cruel; knows it because that love is part of the absolute happiness for which we are all created … The world is created by happiness and for happiness and everything in the world prophesies that happiness; everything calls to it, witnesses it by its very fragility. To the fallen world that has lost that happiness, but yearns for it and — in spite of everything — lives by it, Christianity has opened up and given back happiness; has fulfilled it in Christ as joy. And then dismissed it. So that the world began to hate Christianity (the Christian world) and went back to its earthly happiness. But having been poisoned by the incredible promise of an absolute happiness, the world started to build it, to progress toward it, to submit the present to this future happiness … … Some say, "How can one rejoice when millions are suffering? One must serve the world." Others say "How can one rejoice in a world lying in evil?" The do not understand that if for just one minute (that lasts secretly and hidden in the saints) the Church has overcome the world, the victory was won through Joy and Happiness. Holy Thursday, April 23, 1981 Christianity is beautiful. But precisely because it is wonderful, perfect, full, true, its acceptance is before anything else the acceptance of its beauty, i.e., its fullness, divine perfection; whereas in history, Christians themselves have fragmented Christianity, have started to perceive it and offer it to others "in parts" — quite often in parts not connected to the whole. Holy Saturday, April 25, 1981 I am writing before leaving for my most beloved of all loved services: the Baptismal, Paschal Liturgy of St Basil the Great, when "Life sleeps and Hades shudders …" I write just to say it again. It is the day of my conversion — not of unbelief to belief, not of "out of the Church" to "Church." No; an internal conversion of faith, within the Church, to what constitutes the treasure of the heart — in spite of my sins laziness, indifference, in spite of a continuous almost conscious falling away from that treasure, in spite of negligence, in the literal sense of the word. I don’t know how, I don’t know why — truly only by God’s mercy — but Holy Saturday remains the center, the light, sign, symbol, and gift of everything. "Christ — the new Pascha …" And to that Now Pascha, something in me says with joy and faith: "Amen." (pp. 289-293, passim) The note of joy is always present as in this series. Elsewhere he insists that joy is the only possible attitude of a Christian. And in almost every year there is a comment on the words of St Paul in the epistle for Palm Sunday: "Rejoice, and again I say, rejoice …" And what is the source of this unfailing joy? It is the eschatological dimension of Christ’s saving act, the Kingdom of God now present in the Church. It is the presence of the Kingdom, here and now; the ‘last things’ — judgement and coming in glory — present here and now. We stand with a foot in either world, this one and the Kingdom, and it is our duty to keep each foot planted in its own place. We do not escape by the liberal fantasy of a possible utopia nor by the reactionary otherworldly grasping on to a disembodied ascetic and romantic view of a church that never was. There are many examples of this presence of the Kingdom in this world in the Journals. In one entry Fr Alexander contends with the failures of his beloved Church, and then bursts into one of the many small epiphanies of his daily life: My perpetual conclusion: If theology, spirituality, etc. do not return to a genuine Christian eschatology (and I don’t see any signs of one) then we are fated not only to remain a ghetto, but to transform ourselves, the Church and all that is within it, into a spiritual ghetto. The return – and this is my other perpetual conclusion — starts from a genuine understanding of the Eucharist, the mystery of the Church the mystery of the New Creature, the mystery of the Kingdom of God. These are the Alpha and Omega of Christianity …. What is real? All that I mentioned earlier, or this moment: An empty house flooded with sunshine; trees in full bloom behind the window; far away little white clouds floating in the sky; the peace of my office; the silent presence — friendly, joyful — of the books on my shelf. (p 330) These small epiphanies are bright stars in deep night. Along with what often seem to be mini-essays on the many serious subjects dear to his heart — the liturgy, Solzhenitsyn, the émigré community, modern culture, Russian literature, and many others — there are the delights in the presence of his family, his wife Juliana especially; the liturgies and services of the Church year, especially the Vesperal Liturgy of Holy Saturday, the double feast of Lazarus and the Palms, the Annunciation, the Akathist to the Theotokos; his early life in Paris and teachers; summers in Labelle and each day’s bringing of the Divine presence in the natural world. There are many other aspects of Fr Alexander’s Journals that are of great beauty, joy and wonder. Music, literature, the love of teaching, the appreciation of positive response to his books, especially by those whose faith was strengthened by them, Scripture, the Eucharist. There are many others not so bright as well — the struggle to write, difficulty hearing confessions, disappointment with students. In this world we can only approach beauty. But when we do it is an approach to wonder, perfection, fullness. To read these Journals of Fr Alexander’s is to make such an approach, by virtue of seeing the fullness of a human life in ‘this world’, struggling to realize the presence of the Kingdom of God, and the connection of Christ’s church to it strong, vibrant, and meaningful. From Jacob's WellDiocese of New York and New Jersey Orthodox Church in America Spring-Summer 2000 | Mid | [
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Q: where_not_in code in CI models hello coders i am trying to code this mysql script in CODE IGNITER model but not getting the correct script how to code it into active record can u please help me SELECT bus_reg_number FROM t_bus_detail WHERE bus_reg_number NOT IN ( SELECT bus_reg_number FROM t_bus_alot ) MY MODEL public function get_bus_reg_number() { $this->db->select('bus_reg_number')->from('t_bus_detail'); $result=$this->db->where_not_in('bus_reg_number' NOT IN (SELECT 'bus_reg_number' FROM 't_bus_alot')'); $dropdown_bus_number = array(); foreach($result as $r) { $dropdown_bus_number[$r['bus_reg_number']] = $r['bus_reg_number']; } return $dropdown_bus_number; } A: $this->db->select('bus_reg_number'); $this->db->from('t_bus_detail'); $this->db->where('`bus_reg_number` NOT IN (SELECT `bus_reg_number` FROM `t_bus_alot`)', NULL, FALSE); Try this.. the null and false will say to CI not to escape your where query.. Edit : here is plain query: $query = $this->db->query("SELECT bus_reg_number FROM t_bus_detail WHERE bus_reg_number NOT IN (SELECT bus_reg_number FROM t_bus_alot)"); $dropdown_bus_number = array(); foreach ($query->result_array() as $row){ $dropdown_bus_number[$row['bus_reg_number']] = $row['bus_reg_number']; } | Low | [
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Q: Shouldn't Redux prevent re-rendering? I have a List component that displays multiple Item components. List gets its data from the Redux store. When the store is updated (because I deleted an item for example), all Items are re-rerendered. Why is that? I know I could use shouldComponentUpdate() to prevent a new rendering, but I thought Redux would do it internally. List.js import React, { PropTypes, Component } from 'react'; import { connect } from 'react-redux'; import Item from './Item'; class List extends Component { render() { const { items } = this.props; return ( <div> <h2>List</h2> {items.map((item, index) => <Item key={index} name={item.name} />)} </div> ); } } const mapStateToProps = state => ({ items: state.items }); export default connect( mapStateToProps )(List); Item.js import React, { PropTypes, Component } from 'react'; class Item extends Component { render() { console.log('Render', this.props.name); // The component is re-rendered even if the props didn't change return ( <div> {this.props.name} </div> ); } } Item.propTypes = { name: PropTypes.string }; export default Item; A: A little bit of prior art (as Dan Abramov likes to say): Redux is a state management tool. It provides a HOC (connect), but that HOC is not responsible for component management. Redux does not manage your component's lifecycle in anyway: it provides a means to efficiently store and query data your app needs. It's largely influenced by the Om, a Clojurescript bridge to React. In fact, stores in redux very much resemble the atom data type in Clojure. Now, getting into the meat of your problem -- even if your data is exactly the same, and even if you did use shouldComponentUpdate, your component is still going to re-render. The reason is that Array.prototype.map always produces a new object on the heap. As a result they're not referentially equal. Some code to demonstrate this concept: const myArr = [1, 2, 3] const myArrCopy = myArr.map((n) => n); myArr === myArrCopy // false But if we use shallowEqual, we get a different result: const myArr = [1, 2, 3] const myArrCopy = myArr.map((n) => n); React.addons.shallowCompare(myArr, myArrCopy); // true Why is that? That's because shallowCompare checks for value equality, comparing each value in the arrays. However, shallowEquals contains a potential pitfall for the uninitiated: const myObject = { foo: 'bar' }; const myObject2 = { foo: 'baar' }; React.addons.shallowCompare(myObject, myObject2); // true Our two objects aren't the same, but shallowCompare returns true because it only compares the keys of its arguments. If that's good enough for you, you can simply extend React.PureComponent, which implements shouldComponentUpdate for you, and uses shallowCompare to compute equality of props and state. Enter Immutable.js. This does away with the need for shallowCompare entirely. Consider the following: const myList = Immutable.List([1, 2, 3]); const myListCopy = myList.map((n) => n); myList.equals(myListCopy) // true Internally, Immutable shares data, and can very efficiently compare data structures for deep equality. That being said, Immutable comes with trade-offs: data structures become much more opaque and can be more difficult to debug. All in all, I hope this answers your question. JSBin here: https://jsbin.com/suhujalovi/edit?html,js,console | Mid | [
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Stephen Ord, History/Student Council, Snow Canyon Middle MAG I first met Mr. Ord a few weeks before school started, when I was late for the second student council meeting of the year. As student council advisor, he welcomed me in right away and had me take a seat anywhere I wanted in the room. I sat next to two of my best friends, Aubrey and Kayla, and I knew I was going to love student council. When I could not pay $70 for student council fees, Mr. Ord did not force me to leave or tell me I had to do it. He said he’d take care of it, and he did. Mr. Ord is full of energy and always has a smile on his face. I remember one time we turned on some music and Mr. Ord danced around for a few minutes. He also inspires creativity in his students. He is always letting us create, and by doing so, encourages us to become more artistic people. Mr. Ord loves history. He loves history so much that he bought bobble heads and PEZ dispensers of former (and the current) presidents to line up on his shelves. He has cardboard cutouts of both Zac Efron and a U.S. president in his room. He can get very passionate about the things he loves. There are times that I have walked by his classroom and heard him talking loudly about things like the Salem Witch Trials. I also know that I can turn to him if I ever have a problem with bullies. He frowns deeply on bullying, the only time you will ever see a frown on his face. He cares about his students. He makes sure that they feel safe in his classroom and in the school. Mr. Ord is going to shape students’ lives with his energetic teaching methods. He is most certainly one of the most amazing teachers at our school. Thank you Mr. Ord! Favorite Quote:Even though I walk through the darkest valley I will fear no evil. Psalm 23:4, For I know the plans I have for you declares the Lord. Plans to prosper you, not harm you plans to give you hope and a future. Jeremiah 29:11 Favorite Quote:Even though I walk through the darkest valley I will fear no evil. Psalm 23:4, For I know the plans I have for you declares the Lord. Plans to prosper you, not harm you plans to give you hope and a future. Jeremiah 29:11 Share this on Tell my friends Choose what to email Which of your works would you like to tell your friends about? (These links will automatically appear in your email.) Abstract Adults Animals Anime Fan art Kids Send your email To Add a personal note Delete this Send Us Site Feedback If you have a suggestion about this website or are experiencing a problem with it, or if you need to report abuse on the site, please let us know. We try to make TeenInk.com the best site it can be, and we take your feedback very seriously. Please note that while we value your input, we cannot respond to every message. Also, if you have a comment about a particular piece of work on this website, please go to the page where that work is displayed and post a comment on it. Thank you! | Mid | [
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This vehicle has just arrived to our Service Center! Don's Wholesale takes pride in our inventory. We invest, on average, $2,900 into each vehicle before it is considered Don's Wholesale certified and ownership ready! Once cleaned up and accessories added, we will be posting a ton more photos! Call an... This vehicle has just arrived to our Service Center! Don's Wholesale takes pride in our inventory. We invest, on average, $2,900 into each vehicle before it is considered Don's Wholesale certified and ownership ready! Once cleaned up and accessories added, we will be posting a ton more photos! Call an... | Mid | [
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[Unusual generalized granulomatosis. Two case reports (author's transl)]. Report about two cases of unusual generalized granulomatosis in males, with multiple lymphomas and involvement of internal organs and brain, leading soon to death. The diagnosis was malignant histiocytosis and disseminated eosinophilic granulomatosis. The malignant histiocytosis is differentiated from malignant fibroxantoma (malignant histiocytoma). The unusual cerebral features in the second case - diagnosed as disseminated eosinophilic granulomatosis - seem to show some relations to histiocytosis X. The problems in diagnosis of generalized granulomatosis are pointed out. | High | [
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