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It’s taken the actor 30 years to reach the A-list. But with his role as bad guy Orson Krennic, he’s about to go galactic. He talks about being awestruck by Darth Vader – and his lederhosen-wearing youth Rogue One director Gareth Edwards has a nice story about Ben Mendelsohn – who is playing Orson Krennic, chief bad guy in the forthcoming offshoot of the Star Wars franchise. On the day that Darth Vader walked on to the set, says Edwards: “We were just getting ready to shoot the scene, and Ben asked to confer. It probably looked like we were huddling over actor stuff – motivation, tone, whatever. We weren’t. In fact, Ben was like a 10-year-old kid, clenching his fists in total delight and saying [he puts on an Aussie accent]: ‘Mate, look! It’s Darth fucking Vader!’” Mendelsohn says: “It was like the seven-year-old me’s dream come true, 1977, Star Wars. From the ages of six to about 12, you’ll find that’s the peak age range where these movies go straight in – zoom!” He mimes a rocket flying into his face and blowing his kiddie-consciousness into a million pieces. “It hit me at an elemental level, and, for that kid I was then, I’m very glad. I often quip that there were many times in my life when I wish I’d been able to tell myself: ‘Don’t worry about it, one day you’ll be in a Star Wars movie.’ Alas, you can’t do it. And yet …” he chuckles, “here we are.” Mendelsohn’s face is his fortune. As we talk at the Lucasfilm production offices in Presidio Park overlooking San Francisco Bay, I marvel at its languid expressiveness, one moment lordly, unexpectedly noble in profile, the next slovenly, lizardly rangy, a sneer rolling along his lips. Few actors have his degree of iron control over their faces; no one says more facially by doing less. His vocal dexterity is also remarkable. His talk is effervescent and brutally blunt by turns, punctuated by sharp barks of laughter and a goodly sprinkling of “fucks”, as he ranges widely – here in a tone appropriate to a biker bar at closing time, here in one more suited to bone-dry academia – on esoteric themes that appeal to him in the moment. Talking with him is a journey and a joy. Facebook Twitter Pinterest Mendelsohn as Orson Krennic in Rogue One: A Star Wars Story. Photograph: Allstar/LucasFilm A dapper fellow, he shows up in a surprisingly elegant knee-length brown greatcoat, easily the liveliest person in this tightly controlled junket environment. He has the demeanour of some savage, untamed indie actor, more accustomed to eating at petrol stations and crapping in buckets on some austerely frigid location-shoot, suddenly let loose amid the spoils, swag and heaving craft-service tables of a mega-budget A-list crowdpleaser: the very definition of a loose cannon. Mendelsohn, now 47, has been a professional actor for nearly 30 years. But most people won’t have come across him until his blistering turn as the psychopathic elder brother in David Michôd’s Melbourne crime saga Animal Kingdom in 2010. Since then, he has given us a gallery of (mostly malevolent, usually funny, always complex) antiheroes and flat-out bad guys in movies as interesting and varied as Killing Them Softly, Starred Up, The Place Beyond the Pines, Black Sea and Slow West. On a parallel track, he has been slowly establishing himself in A-picture material, such as Ridley Scott’s Exodus: Gods and Kings, The Dark Knight Rises and Rogue One, and next year we’ll see him in his first Spielberg movie, Ready Player One, again as the main antagonist. By the time he struck it big – or medium-big – in the US, Mendelsohn had almost given up on succeeding outside Australia. He had seen actors his own age, then younger, then much younger, bypass him on the way to Los Angeles and stardom. His career had started out with the hit nostalgia drama The Year My Voice Broke, in 1987, when he was 17; a film that came at the tail-end of the original Australian new wave of the late 70s (directed by one of the original new-wave heavy hitters, John Duigan). Mendelsohn played the charismatic, irresponsible, rugby-playing bad boy who stole cars and got girls pregnant, in a swaggeringly confident performance that earned him work in Australia for years after, but nowhere else. Facebook Twitter Pinterest Mendelsohn as the psychopathic elder brother in the 2010 film Animal Kingdom. Photograph: Allstar/Maximum Films In the decades that followed, he worked prolifically across the archipelago of diverse Australian film scenes that had sprung up separately in Melbourne, South Australia and Sydney, and kept busy. He is thus one of the youngest actors of the mature new wave, and one of the oldest of the seemingly never-ending new wave of Australians passing through the Neighbours set (like every Australian actor from Russell Crowe and Guy Pearce to Margot Robbie a generation later) and on to greater glory in Hollywood. He was on Neighbours before anyone else, and they all beat him to Los Angeles. “I held the highest age-to-films ratio in Australia for a good few years. I really did do a lot of films, by Australian standards. Most of which didn’t travel. But I was also there for the start of Neighbours, with Kylie Minogue and Jason Donovan. I just predated it in my career by a couple of years. Kylie and I had done The Henderson Kids before that. I knew her from the time she was 15, and I heard her the first time she sang on stage, in a hall in Birregurra, doing a cover of The Rose by Bette Midler at the Hendersons wrap-party – it was actually a magical time.” But the siren call of Hollywood never dimmed. “Now it’s much more possible for people to do one thing or two things in Australia and then go straight over – the path to LA has become a lot quicker, but was harder 20 years ago. It was pretty easy to start feeling one had been passed over and forgotten about, and I wasn’t gonna take that on the chin. And I did do it, kept going back but, for a long time, nothing came of it. I found myself having to think: ‘Well, that’s that.’” He does pop up in odd places, if you are not aware of his past career. The night before I interviewed him, I caught him in a small but eye-catching role in the mountaineering thriller Vertical Limit, sobbing his eyes out in one scene, then being blown to bits 10 minutes later. And, if you watch carefully, you can spot him somewhere in Terrence Malick’s The New World. Patience, however, was his virtue. Mendelsohn had a peripatetic upbringing, living in many places, mostly in Europe and in the US. He believes that rootlessness helped him as an actor, giving him a certain latitude to decide which Ben he would be in this “next life”, whenever he moved house, school or country, and how to write his own “character”. “In this acting game,” he says, “there are a lot of army brats and people with moving-about childhoods. Moving around a lot and having to learn how to read what was coming up next, that thing of being able to read things and adjust accordingly, to find a way to make yourself fit in or feel a bit special, or different, is a lot like joining a new cast, really good practice.” Most of this was outside Australia, which inevitably made him start feeling differently about the meaning of the word “home”, with Australia soon becoming another foreign place. “I got back there for the first time when I was six, from living in Germany, and I had a thick German accent, and my mother had dressed us in these, almost semi-lederhosen, garish German, early-70s clothes. And it was a real shock. Australia was the real shock, it was where I learned to act, no doubt about it. And I returned to Australia twice at different crucial points in my schooling, and each time it was another kind of transformation.” Facebook Twitter Pinterest Mendelsohn, aged 17, in the 1987 film that started his career, The Year My Voice Broke. Photograph: Avenue/Everett/Rex/Shutterstock Mendelsohn arrived “home” just in time to witness the forcible removal from office in 1975 of modernising progressive prime minister Gough Whitlam by the governor general of Australia Sir John Kerr, the most scandalous usurpation of democracy in the nation’s history. “When I got back there were lots of “WE WANT GOUGH!” badges everywhere. I remember that badge on the fridge at home, and understanding that it was our sworn duty to hate Malcolm Fraser! [Whitlam’s unelected replacement] If it wasn’t for Gough, you just wouldn’t have an Australia as you recognise it now. It gets its lifeblood from that government and what it achieved. And the reaction to Blue Poles [the Jackson Pollock painting purchased by the Whitlam government at enormous cost, solely to spur a national cultural conversation], and I do remember the reaction to it, even though I was very young, was … I mean, they were absolutely derisive about it! Australia was very elemental in the 70s, very raw, still kind of philistine. The Australian way, it is brutal, absolutely brutal at the merest whiff of, I mean, any airs and graces, you are for it. It’s a kind of ferocious egalitarianism. That’s very big in your culture and in ours, but not in the US at all. And it didn’t really start to shed that until the 1990s.” (Mendelsohn obviously loves his home country, but I note that he lives in Los Angeles with his wife of four years, British writer Emma Forrest.) Funny thing: as good as he is, Mendelsohn doesn’t watch his own work. You should start, I tell him. Turns out you’re pretty good at this. “I think I might start again. It began when I was doing some TV thing somewhere, and I didn’t want to watch it. Afterwards, I thought: ‘Oh, I got away with that!’ And I really think it helped make me better as an actor. There is a certain sense to that. There’s always some tinkering that you could have done, you feel. You watch things and think about how you could have got louder or thought differently, but worrying about that just gets to be a huge pain in the arse. No, maybe I won’t start watching myself again!” When he was a kid, his acting heroes were John Wayne, Clint Eastwood, Al Pacino, Jeff Bridges (“the best, the most charismatic and beautiful, just a fantastic actor!”) and Jack Thompson. Since Animal Kingdom, Ben Mendelsohn has been proving over and over that he might well ascend into their company one day. • Rogue One: A Star Wars Story is released on 15 December | Mid | [
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Down-regulation of urinary AQP2 and unaffected response to hypertonic saline after 24 hours of fasting in humans. In rats, 24 hours of fasting impairs urinary concentrating ability by down-regulation of aquaporin-2 (AQP2). We tested the hypothesis that 24 hours of fasting in humans reduces the capability to form AQP2 and impairs the antidiuretic response to hypertonic saline infusion. In a crossover study of 14 healthy subjects, the effect of 24 hours of fasting was compared to a nonfasting control experiment on urinary excretion of AQP2 (u-AQP2), free water clearance (C(H(2)O)), plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP), urinary cyclic AMP (u-cAMP), and natriuretic peptides. The following response to 3% sodium infusion was measured using the same effect variables. U-AQP2, AVP, and u-cAMP were determined by radioimmunoassays. Fasting during 24 hours reduced u-AQP2 (14%), increased AVP (30%) despite a reduction in serum osmolality (P < 0.05), and depleted volume. C(H(2)O) and urine volume were not reduced, thus relatively increased after fasting. u-cAMP was not significantly different between the two procedures. Three percent saline resulted in the same relative increases in AVP, serum osmolality, u-AQP2, and u-cAMP and decreases in C(H(2)O) and urine volume independently of fasting. The reduced u-AQP2 and increased AVP after fasting were maintained during and after saline infusion. Twenty-four hours of fasting decreased u-AQP2 and reduced urine osmolality likely as a result of decreased sensitivity of collecting duct cells to AVP. Fasting-related insensitivity of collecting duct cells to AVP was restored by 3% saline infusion. Finally, after saline infusion, other factors such as the increased plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (p-ANP) levels could contribute to the u-AQP2 regulation. | Mid | [
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/** * Copyright 2002-2017 SCOOP Software GmbH * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package org.copperengine.regtest.test.persistent; import org.copperengine.core.AutoWire; import org.copperengine.core.Interrupt; import org.copperengine.core.WaitMode; import org.copperengine.core.persistent.PersistentWorkflow; import org.copperengine.regtest.test.MockAdapter; import org.copperengine.core.util.Backchannel; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; public class WaitNotifyPerfTestWorkflow extends PersistentWorkflow<String> { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WaitNotifyPerfTestWorkflow.class); private transient Backchannel backchannel; private transient MockAdapter mockAdapter; @AutoWire public void setBackchannel(Backchannel backchannel) { this.backchannel = backchannel; } @AutoWire public void setMockAdapter(MockAdapter mockAdapter) { this.mockAdapter = mockAdapter; } @Override public void main() throws Interrupt { logger.info("Starting...."); for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) { logger.info("Wait/notify..."); final String cid = getEngine().createUUID(); mockAdapter.foo("foo", cid, 0); final long startTS = System.currentTimeMillis(); wait(WaitMode.ALL, 1000, cid); final long et = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTS; System.out.println("Wait took " + et + " msec"); } logger.info("Finished!"); backchannel.notify(getId(), "Finished!"); } } | Mid | [
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Root Cause of Cancer and Viral Diseases Revealed Thousands of medicines and medical devices had been invented to combat many diseases worldwide. There are remarkable remedies and cure for bacterial diseases, however, treatment for those afflicted by viruses, cancer, and diseases of unknown cause, remain uncertain. No one has truly discovered the origin of viral and incurable diseases. In other words, medical scholars failed to define the origin of viruses so they cannot stipulate the definite cure for them. Many believe that the origin of cancer and incurable diseases is virus. They believe that viruses are responsible for the disease. But can they explain where these viruses come from? If a virus is composed of protein and nucleic acid, what kind of force or energy is working in a particular person that creates this virus? Look at the patients suffering from leukemia or cancer due to overexposure to radiations such as X-rays and nuclear radiation. They are victims of such radiation energy that creates cancer in the body. Therefore, like virus, it is evident that cancer is just a 'byproduct' of something else. Illnesses caused by overexposure to radiations are man-made side effects. However, a vast majority of cancer diseases and practically all viral diseases are definitely NOT man-made. Certain unknown energy like a radioactive property is penetrating the victims. Finding the Visible and the Invisible If we are to divide the world, there are only two parts that comprise them, the visible and the invisible. The invisible things are air, radio waves, sound, etc., yet we cannot deny their existence. We are somewhat made to believe things that can only be explained within the knowledge of scholars. Can you not believe that there are things existing beyond the knowledge of scholars? In fact, all the mysterious maladies that plague the world today and considered incurable by modern medical technology are caused by invisible force of energy wave. And truly, this mysterious wave was known thousands of years ago. How can we prove or analyze its presence scientifically? We'll be glad to answer it, IF you can explain how our spectacular brain system was created in the womb of our mothers. As you can see, there exist things that are beyond the knowledge of our science, and there are things that cannot be explained by science alone. Hereafter, we are going to term this mysterious force of energy wave as the "outside negative energy force" or just simply "negative energy", which disturbs the brain system, which is the producer of VIRUS or CANCER, the denominator, the one responsible for almost all kinds of world maladies, and which its origin has been unknown to scientists for centuries. The Outside Negative Energy Force This negative energy is just like an invisible beam of light. This force of energy wave is very similar to any bacteria and it is practically everywhere in the air, soil, and water. Some are harmful and some are not, but its uniqueness is to appear and disappear in a split second of time, as some known elementary particles do. The negative energy can be considered as a shortwave evil power broadcast traveling through the air into unsuspecting human minds, and our mind is the receiver. The negative energy carries elementary particles with it as dust carries radioactive properties. This negative energy was known thousands of years ago, but wisdom of Man and civilization buried it deep beneath science. Negative energy does not enter into the body. It attracts or surrounds the body. Our brain emits electrical wave, and its waveform depends on how we think or act. Our heartbeat also emits pulse wave, and its waveform depends on how we act or react. When we are healthy, our body is electrically at neutral, and our body or brain emits steady signal wave. However, whenever our brain wave collapses abnormally, like when we suffer from mental and physical fatigue due to stress or work, our body would be electrically unbalanced and our body would emit abnormal wave that attract negative energy. When elementary particle that has electrical value, carried by the negative energy, enters into our body, the electricity flowing in the body, as well as on the surface of the skin, will be discharged or charged causing self-reaction, like nuclear fission or electrolysis. This changes the cell's chemistry and produce toxins in the body. This toxin is the product of negative energy. The toxin, a byproduct of negative energy is called in medical science as VIRUS or CANCER. Thus, virus is not the cause of diseases but the negative energy. In other words, as the brain controls the functions of the organs and body systems through an intricate nervous system, any interference will result in malfunction and an ailment will follow. Disease can be caused by alien factors such as microbes, impure energy sources of food, water, air, and negative energy. Although our body has natural resistance or defense system against these foreign matters, it can malfunction when the disturbance is beyond control. How to Know the Presence of the Outside Negative Energy Junji Takano, the inventor of PYRO-ENERGEN electrostatic therapy machine, found a mysterious point when he was in a hospital. He discovered that most patients suffering from cancer or viral diseases have asymmetric finger length and palm and wrist creases. What happens is when negative energy attracts our body, depending on the polarity (positive or negative) force of energy wave, either the left or right side of our body expands to as long as 1 mm or even up to 10 mm. This shows why the fingers on the left hand can be longer than the right or vice versa, or the creases are asymmetric. Look at the little fingers of homosexual women, their right side little finger is longer than the other. Look at the little fingers of homosexual men, their left side little finger is longer than the other. Look at the little fingers of anyone who suffers from sickness believed to be caused by virus, cancer, or the unknown, generally either side of little finger is longer than the other. Look at the small fingers of a mother who has dwarf children, her right side little finger is longer than the other. Look at the small fingers of a childless father, generally his left or right side little finger is longer than the other. These are just simple techniques for you to analyze the presence of negative energy and sickness. Whenever the negative energy attracts our body, either side of our body expands. Note: Some perfectly healthy individual may still show asymmetric left and right hand finger lengths. On these cases, the asymmetry is caused genetically or environmentally or a combination of both. How to Eradicate the Negative Energy Force Do you remember that sometimes it needs water to pump more water; money begets more money. It needs another rust (oxide) to rustproof an iron. Positive and negative attract each other and same polarity repels each other. The theory may be similar to vaccine. Vaccine is prepared by obtaining modified toxins. The vaccine is introduced into the body to produce immunity. Thus, a negative energy can certainly repel negative energy. Thousands of medicines, drugs, ultra-modern medical machines and its medical technology, including wisdom of quack doctors, seem to be getting too far from real therapeutic value. So far, there is no medical technology existing today that is capable in eradicating this negative energy force. After years of research, Junji Takano was able to construct an electronic machine called PYRO-ENERGEN that can produce a wave that has a wavelength and frequency similar to the negative energy. The PYRO-ENERGEN machine has the power to repel or discharge the negative energy from the body. Once the cancer or virus-producing wave is discharged from your body, your health will be restored. Homosexuality, dwarfism, etc., are all caused by the negative energy force that reassembles molecules in the human body. Yes, homosexuality can be prevented. But in this case, PYRO-ENERGEN is effective only when used during early childhood or as early before homosexuality fully manifests. Strange Behavioral Pattern of the Negative Energy Force Explained Why do sickly babies cry and usually have fever that abnormally rises at night but would disappear during daytime? Why are there patients especially those suffering from asthma who suffers more often at night? These strange phenomena are all caused by the negative energy. The behavior of the negative energy field is similar to ionosphere in the sky, in a sense that the ionosphere undergoes dramatic changes in ionization from day to night. The ionosphere, as well as the negative energy, are both waves that are electrically charged atom molecules, and their activity will be greatly influenced by other waves present depending on the time of the day. The negative energy is especially active during nighttime due to a certain strong destructive wave from the sunlight during the daytime. This explains why many patients experience pain that gets worse at night. In fact, using the PYRO-ENERGEN machine at night even while sleeping can relieve night pain and help speeds up the treatment due to this phenomenon. The sunlight contains various waves unknown to modern science that make so many mysterious phenomena around us. Of Course, Prevention Is Better Than Cure! Since the time of this PYRO-ENERGEN invention, with the help of hundreds of friends who do research works in various professional fields, we have applied PYRO-ENERGEN therapy on thousands of patients in many different diseases, from a simple skin disease up to the most dreadful diseases, and from just a primary state up to the terminal stages. The results were extremely remarkable and amazing. Although PYRO-ENERGEN can eradicate the root cause of the most dreadful diseases, such as leprosy, cancer, tumor, leukemia, and Parkinson's disease, within a matter of days, while some cases could be within a matter of hours, it does not mean that all of these regardless of age and state can be cured completely. Achieving total eradication or recovery will depend on the harmonious condition of the patient's physical body and mental attitude. It is also worth noting that once the cancer or virus have destroyed or severely hindered your immune systems to the point where your body just cannot fight anymore, the healing time might take very long or you won't yield satisfactory results at all, even though the virus-producing wave will be removed. Sometimes, it is already too late. It is wise to prevent cancer and other dreadful diseases. We hear so much about the need for finding diseases early. It is true that the sooner you treat cancer and other diseases the better your chances of recovery. But prevention is still superior to all. With the use of PYRO-ENERGEN, you get the best of both worlds! | Mid | [
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Q: call application libjingle, user automatically removed from roster. why? Okay, Tried running the compiled "call" program in libjingle-0.6.14, on 2 laptops with ubuntu 11.10, When i log in from the first laptop, and logged in again (with different account) from the other lappy.. The user coming online is immediately removed from roster and im left with no one to call... Here is the Output.. <stream:stream from="gmail.com" id="1D65B8B570251398" version="1.0"xmlns:stream="http://etherx.jabber.org/streams" xmlns="jabber:client"> XmppLoginTask::Advance - LOGINSTATE_STREAMSTART_SENT RECV <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< : Tue Aug 21 18:37:51 2012 <stream:features> <mechanisms xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-sasl"> <mechanism> PLAIN </mechanism> <mechanism> X-GOOGLE-TOKEN </mechanism> <mechanism> X-OAUTH2 </mechanism> </mechanisms> </stream:features> XmppLoginTask::Advance - LOGINSTATE_STARTED_XMPP XmppLoginTask::Advance - LOGINSTATE_AUTH_INIT XmppLoginTask::Advance - LOGINSTATE_SASL_RUNNING SEND >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> : Tue Aug 21 18:37:51 2012 <auth xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-sasl" mechanism="PLAIN" auth:allow- non-google- login="true" auth:client-uses-full-bind-result="true" xmlns:auth="http://www.google.com/talk/protocol/auth"> ## TEXT REMOVED ## </auth> RECV <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< : Tue Aug 21 18:37:51 2012 <success xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-sasl"/> XmppLoginTask::Advance - LOGINSTATE_SASL_RUNNING XmppLoginTask::Advance - No error XmppLoginTask::Advance - LOGINSTATE_STREAMSTART_SENT SEND >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> : Tue Aug 21 18:37:51 2012 <stream:stream to="gmail.com" xml:lang="*" version="1.0" xmlns:stream="http://etherx.jabber.org/streams" xmlns="jabber:client"> RECV <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< : Tue Aug 21 18:37:51 2012 <stream:stream from="gmail.com" id="2B727FCA62E71E0F" version="1.0" xmlns:stream="http://etherx.jabber.org/streams" xmlns="jabber:client"> XmppLoginTask::Advance - LOGINSTATE_STREAMSTART_SENT RECV <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< : Tue Aug 21 18:37:51 2012 <stream:features> <bind xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-bind"/> <session xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-session"/> </stream:features> XmppLoginTask::Advance - LOGINSTATE_STARTED_XMPP XmppLoginTask::Advance - LOGINSTATE_BIND_INIT XmppLoginTask::Advance - LOGINSTATE_BIND_REQUESTED SEND >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> : Tue Aug 21 18:37:51 2012 <iq type="set" id="0"> <bind xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-bind"> <resource> call </resource> </bind> </iq> RECV <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< : Tue Aug 21 18:37:51 2012 <iq id="0" type="result"> <bind xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-bind"> <jid> [email protected]/call6183138F </jid> </bind> </iq> XmppLoginTask::Advance - LOGINSTATE_BIND_REQUESTED XmppLoginTask::Advance - LOGINSTATE_SESSION_REQUESTED SEND >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> : Tue Aug 21 18:37:51 2012 <iq type="set" id="1"> <session xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-session"/> </iq> RECV <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< : Tue Aug 21 18:37:51 2012 RECV <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< : Tue Aug 21 18:37:51 2012 <iq type="result" id="1"/> XmppLoginTask::Advance - LOGINSTATE_SESSION_REQUESTED logged in... Creating default VideoCapturer Enumerating V4L2 devices V4L2 device metadata found at /sys/class/video4linux/ Found V4L2 capture device /dev/video0 Trying /sys/class/video4linux/video0/name Name for video0 is HP Webcam Total V4L2 devices found : 1 Creating default VideoCapturer Enumerating V4L2 devices V4L2 device metadata found at /sys/class/video4linux/ Found V4L2 capture device /dev/video0 Trying /sys/class/video4linux/video0/name Name for video0 is HP Webcam Total V4L2 devices found : 1 Selected PulseAudio sound system Number of references: 1 <pre><code>Number of references: 0 Selected PulseAudio sound system Number of references: 1 Number of references: 0 Enumerating V4L2 devices V4L2 device metadata found at /sys/class/video4linux/ Found V4L2 capture device /dev/video0 Trying /sys/class/video4linux/video0/name Name for video0 is HP Webcam Total V4L2 devices found : 1 SEND >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> : Tue Aug 21 18:37:51 2012 <presence> <status/> <priority> 0 </priority> <c xmlns="http://jabber.org/protocol/caps" node="http://code.google.com/p/libjingle /call" ver="0.6" ext=" pmuc-v1"/> <x xmlns="jabber:x:delay" stamp="20120821T13:07:51"/> </presence> RECV <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<< : Tue Aug 21 18:37:52 2012 <presence from="[email protected]/callAB04C4D8" to="[email protected]/call6183138F"> <status/> <priority> 0 </priority> <c node="http://code.google.com/p/libjingle/call" ver="0.6" ext=" pmuc-v1" xmlns="http://jabber.org/protocol/caps"/> <x stamp="20120821T12:58:59" xmlns="jabber:x:delay"/> <x xmlns="vcard-temp:x:update"/> Removing from roster: [email protected]/callAB04C4D8 [email protected] is REMOVED from roster..automatically... what could be wrong here? A: It is likely that the arguments for calling the "call" example are incomplete. The example, without modification, that ships with the libjingle source does not capture video/audio from the computer's hardware. It will play rtp dump files that contain audio/video. The source files do come with sample rtp dump files that can be used to play audio/video to a browser client, or can be "transfered" to another "call" example client and saved locally to a rtcp dump file on the second client. The proper way to use the call example program is along the lines of (if on linux): ./call --videoinput ./test.rtpdump --voiceinput ./voice.rtpdump --videooutput ./vidoutput.rtpdump --voiceoutput ./voioutput.rtpdump There are a few issues on the libjingle Google code website that talk about this, I am struggling to find them at the moment. If I do, I will edit this post or add a comment with the links. | Low | [
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The 2015 crime drama Sicario was one of the best films of that year and earned extremely high praise, but it wasn’t exactly a movie that was screaming for a sequel. And yet, writer Taylor Sheridan—who also wrote Hell or High Water and wrote and directed this year’s Wind River—penned a script for a sequel called Soldado, and pretty quickly Josh Brolin and Benicio Del Toro assembled for the follow-up. Director Denis Villeneuve moved on to directing films like Arrival and Blade Runner 2049, but in his stead Stefano Sollima (Gomorrah) stepped in to direct. We still don’t know too much about Soldado, but when Collider’s own Steve Weintraub recently spoke with Brolin in anticipation of the release of Only the Brave, he asked the actor how Soldado turned out. Brolin was candid about his initial reaction, but he has high praise for the finished product: “You know what? That movie, honestly, I’ll just tell you really quick, when I first saw it I was like, ‘Okay, it’s a good movie and I think we need to trim some things. We need to do this, and this, and that to it.’ Everybody else had their notes and then when they saw the final cut it’s a really good movie. I’m really excited about it. I was actually surprised at how good it turned out.” Although Brolin is also quick to point out he initially wasn’t sure how Sicario would turn out either: “When I saw [Sicario], I said, ‘This is a really fucking good movie.’ When I finished the movie, I thought it was going to be OK. I had seen Denis’s movies. I knew he was a great director, but not everybody’s perfect and not everybody can put a good movie together no matter what their intentions are, but when I saw Sicario I didn’t know what happened. I was like, ‘I know we accomplished a good movie, but why don’t I remember this?’ I kind of felt the same way [with Soldado], and maybe that all stems from Taylor Sheridan’s writing and the fact that you can only fuck up his scripts to a certain extent, but it’s still going to be a good movie because maybe it does all start with the script. When you have an OK script you’re constantly manipulating it to make it sound decent, is one thing. When you have a great script and you’re just trying to do justice to it, maybe that’s something else, and I think that’s what we experienced with him.” In terms of how Soldado compares to Sicario, Brolin echoed earlier statements by Sheridan that we’re in for something even more hardened: | Mid | [
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Q: Balanced monoidal and homotopy symmetric It's probably a very simple question but I am not sure about the reference. In the definition of a balanced monoidal category we require that the braiding isomorphims $$c_{V, W}: V \otimes W \to W \otimes V$$ are not arbitrary but admit twisting isomorphisms $\theta_V: V \to V$ which, in a way, represent $c_{V, W} c_{W, V}$ as a coboundary. Does it mean that from the homotopy point of view, existence of a twisting makes the category symmetric monoidal in the sense of $\infty$-categories? A: No, a balanced monoidal structure is something different. One way to think about these things is in terms of the relevant operads. Braided monoidal means an algebra over the $E_2$ operad, while symmetric monoidal means an algebra over the $E_{\infty}$ operad. Balanced monoidal means an algebra over the framed $E_2$ operad; basically the difference between this operad and the ordinary $E_2$ operad is that you are allowed to rotate the disks. | Mid | [
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INVASION USA Satellites will help Mexicans sneak in Handheld navigation aids for illegals crossing border Illegal aliens crossing the U.S.-Mexico border will reportedly be given handheld satellite devices by Mexican authorities to help them survive their illicit journey. Migrants who get lost or sick during the four-day crossing will be able to activate the high-tech device to alert police on both sides of the border. “Our intention is to save lives,” Jaime Obregon, coordinator for the state commission for migrants in Puebla, the Mexican state behind the project, told the London Telegraph. “There are lots of people looking to cross and we are working with the U.S. authorities to make sure they do not die on the way.” It’s estimated between 20 and 30 illegals fall victim to scorching temperatures and insect bites while making the dangerous trip each year. Many end up wandering aimlessly in the desert after heat exhaustion triggers short-term memory loss. Ironically, the satellite tracking requires would-be illegals to register their intentions at the outset of their journey, despite the fact secrecy is a usual component for successful entry into the U.S. Still, Mexican officials expect some 200,000 devices will be handed out when the project is officially launched this year. According to Mexican authorities, up to 75,000 attempt to enter Arizona at Sasave Pass every month, of whom between 50,000 and 60,000 are caught by U.S. agents and sent back. Many pay up to $10,000 for human guides known as coyotes, who have a reputation of being merciless. “If you cannot keep up, they will abandon you,” said Obregon. “Alone, you have about 36 hours to live. It is in this period the satellite device makes a difference.” “We do not have any information about the Mexican government providing satellite trackers to people,” a spokesman for U.S. Customs and Border Protection said, “but we strongly discourage encouragement to people who are attempting to cross illegally into the U.S.” Aiding illegals in their entry to the U.S. has not been exclusive to Mexico or the summer months. | Mid | [
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Effect of motion smoothness on the flash-lag illusion. Two flash-lag experiments were performed in which the moving object was flashed in a succession of locations creating apparent motion and the inter-stimulus distance (ISD) between those locations was varied. In the first (n=10), the size of the flash-lag illusion was a declining non-linear function of the ISD and the largest reduction in its magnitude corresponded closely to the value where observers judged the continuity of optimal apparent motion to be lost. In the second (n=11) with large ISDs, we found the largest illusions when the flash initiated the movement, and no effect was observed when the flash terminated the movement. The data support motion position biasing or temporal integration accounts of the illusion with processing predominantly based on motion after the flash. | Mid | [
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1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a photo-sensor cell suitable for use as a photo-sensor for detecting rectilinear or angular position or displacement when a number of photo-sensor cells are integrated into a single chip. 2. Description of the Prior Art FIG. 1 shows a typical example of prior-art photo-sensor circuits, which comprises a light sensing element and a signal processing circuit integrated into a single chip, as disclosed in "SHARP TECHNICAL REPORT" No. 26, pages 127 to 130, June 1982. In FIG. 1, each photo-sensor circuit comprises a photodiode 1, an amplifier 2 connected to the photodiode 1, a Schmitt trigger circuit 3 triggered by an output signal of the amplifier 2 so as to provide a hysteresis, an output transistor 4 for amplifying an output signal of the Schmitt trigger circuit 3, a load resistor 5 connected to a collector of the output transistor 4, and a supply voltage stabilizer 6 for supplying a stabilized supply voltage to the photo-sensor circuit. Here, the Schmitt circuit outputs a high-voltage level output signal (e.g. "1") when an input signal voltage rises beyond a predetermined DC level (e.g. determined by an emitter resistor) and a low-voltage level output signal (e.g. "0") when the input signal voltage drops below the same DC level so as to provide hysteresis due to the presence of a turn-on voltage (e.g. base-emitter voltage) of a switching element(e.g. a transistor). Therefore, when weak light is allowed to be incident upon the reversely-biased photodiode 1, although a small optical current flows through the photodiode 1, the Schmitt trigger circuit 3 is not turned on. However, when a strong light is allowed to be incident upon the photodiode 1, since a relatively large optical current flows through the photodiode 1, the Schmitt trigger circuit 3 is turned on, so that it is possible to obtain an output signal of "0" in response to the intensity of light allowed to be incident upon the photodiode 1. In the prior-art photo-sensor circuit, since a digital output signal can be obtained by comparing the incident light intensity (transduced into an input voltage) with a reference voltage, it is possible to eliminate unstable operation due to noise, for instance. In the prior-art photo-sensor circuit, however, since the light current detecting section is made up of an amplifier and a Schmitt trigger circuit, when a number of circuits are integrated into a single chip, there exists a problem in that the number of elements is large and therefore the area occupied by the chip increases. In addition, since a detected incident light is compared with a reference voltage after having been transduced from light into electricity through the photodiode and the amplifier, there exist other problems in that when the reference voltage fluctuates due to temperature difference, in particular, the light sensitivity of the photo-sensor cell is unstable because of temperature dependency. The above-mentioned temperature-dependent unstability is serious, in particular when a number of series-connected photodiode and Schmitt circuits increases in a multichannel mode. | Mid | [
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Q: Currently Running Programs not showing in gnome fallback panel I have exactly the same problem with gnome fallback taskbar on ubuntu 12.04 as posted here, Currently running programs are not being displayed in taskbar but the solution mentioned there didn't work for me as when i do Alt+Right_click, nothing happens. I posted this separate question because i don't have enough reputation to post comments on questions. Can any one please help me with this without flag it as duplicate A: As you are using gnome fallback session follow below steps: 1)Alt+Rclick on top most panel select NewPanel 2)It will add one new panel at righ hand side of your screen now alt+right click on newly created panel on righ hand side and slect move and move it to bottom side. 3)Done. | Mid | [
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Raymond H. Brescia and Edward J. Ohanian, both of Albany Law School, have posted on SSRN their new paper, "The Politics of Procedure: An Empirical Analysis of Motion Practice in Civil Rights Litigation Under the New Plausibility Standard." Abstract: Is civil procedure political? In May of 2009, the Supreme Court issued its decision in Ashcroft v. Iqbal, which explicitly extended the “plausibility standard,” first articulated in Bell Atlantic v. Twombly two years earlier, to all civil pleadings. That standard requires that pleadings, in order to satisfy Rule 8(a) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, must state a plausible claim for relief. For many, these rulings represented a sea change in civil pleading standards. Where prior Supreme Court precedent had provided that a pleading should not be dismissed “unless it appears beyond doubt that the plaintiff can prove no set of facts in support of his claim,” the new standard requires that judges utilize their own “judicial experience and common sense” to determine whether claimants have set forth facts sufficient to “nudge their claims across the line from conceivable to plausible.” In the years since their issuance, this standard has provoked many questions. One such question, which lurks behind all otherwise neutral rules of procedure is the following: could this apparently neutral principle of procedure be subject to political manipulation? After Twombly, and again after Iqbal, many expressed fears that the new plausibility standard offered judges too much discretion; a judge could dismiss a case where a plaintiff’s claims did not comport with that judge’s experience and common sense. There was a particular fear that this discretion would have a disparate and adverse impact on civil rights cases: i.e., if members of the federal bench were predisposed to disfavor such claims, they might use these precedents to dismiss civil rights cases too readily. Several years have now passed since the Court issued these decisions, and the district courts have compiled a body of thousands of decisions citing these precedents. As a result, it is now possible to assess the impact of these decisions on practice in the lower courts, particularly their effect on civil rights cases. The study described here attempted to do just that by looking at outcomes and trends in motions challenging the specificity of the pleadings in over 500 employment and housing discrimination cases over a period of six years (including decisions issued both before and after Twombly and Iqbal). This research reviewed the outcomes in such cases based on a number of metrics, including, most importantly, the political affiliation of the president who appointed the judge issuing each decision reviewed. The study revealed a statistically significant relationship between the outcomes in civil rights cases and time period (i.e. pre-Twombly, post-Twombly but pre-Iqbal, and post-Iqbal) where the political affiliation of the president who appointed the judge reaching the decision in each case was Republican. For cases decided by judges appointed by Democrat-affiliated presidents, no such relationship was observed. This paper reports on the findings of this study and discusses their implications. | High | [
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Toutes les langues Human rights: Paraguay has failed to protect a 10-year old girl child who became pregnant after being raped, say UN experts Source: United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights GENEVA (11 May 2015) A group of United Nations human rights experts* today said that the Government of Paraguay has failed in its responsibility to act with due diligence in the case a 10-year old girl child, who has been refused access to treatments to save her life and preserve her health, including safe and therapeutic abortion in a timely manner. The girl child’s 23-week pregnancy, established about three weeks ago, is the result of repeated sexual abuse allegedly perpetrated by a close relative. Abortion law in Paraguay is restrictive and only authorises the termination of a pregnancy when the life of the woman or the girl is at serious risk. It does not provide any other exceptions, especially in cases of rape, incest or unviable foetus. “The Paraguayan authorities’ decision results in grave violations of the rights to life, to health, and to physical and mental integrity of the girl as well as her right to education, jeopardising her economic and social opportunities”, the experts warned. “Despite requests made by the girl’s mother and medical experts to terminate this pregnancy which puts the girl’s life at risk, the State has failed to take measures to protect the health as well as the physical and mental integrity and even the life of the 10-year old girl,” they said. “No proper interdisciplinary and independent expert assessment with the aim to insure the girl’s best interests was carried out before overturning life-saving treatments, including abortion.” According to the World Health Organisation, child pregnancies are extremely dangerous for the health of the pregnant girl and may lead to complications and death in some cases. The bodies of young girls are not fully developed to carry on with a pregnancy, the experts recalled. In Latin America, the risk of maternal death is four times higher among adolescents under 16 years old. 65% of cases of obstetric fistula occur in the pregnancies of adolescents, with serious consequences for their lives, resulting in severe health problems and social exclusion. Early pregnancies are also dangerous for the baby, with a mortality rate 50% higher. “We welcome the decision to establish last Friday a multidisciplinary panel of experts to assess the overall health of the girl and to give an opinion on the risks and recommendations to ensure her health. We call on the Paraguayan authorities to ensure that the panel of experts, recently authorised by a judge, promptly assess in an objective and integral manner the girl’s situation, taking into account her physical and psychological health and all options available to protect her human rights,” they said. The UN experts also urged the Government to respect the best interest of the girl child and duly fulfil its international obligations taking urgent measures to protect the life and health of this 10-year old girl, by guaranteeing her access to all necessary health care, as well as adequate reparation and rehabilitation measures. Although the girl’s mother had reported these sexual abuses in 2014, the UN experts “deplore the authorities’ unresponsiveness to take action to prevent the reoccurrence of such abuses and deeply regret that the State has failed in its responsibility to act with due diligence and protect the child.” Furthermore, the experts expressed concern that the mother is currently detained, on allegedly unfair grounds, and is separated from the child. It is crucial that the alleged rapist, who has just been arrested, be duly prosecuted. (*) The experts: Ms. Emna Aouij, Chair-Rapporteur of the Working Group on the issue of discrimination against women in law and in practice, Ms. Rashida Manjoo, Special Rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences; Mr. Dainius Pūras, Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health and Mr. Juan E. Méndez, Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. The United Nations human rights experts are part of what it is known as the Special Procedures of the Human Rights Council. Special Procedures, the largest body of independent experts in the UN Human Rights, is the general name of the independent fact-finding and monitoring mechanisms of the Human Rights Council that address either specific country situations or thematic issues in all parts of the world. Special Procedures’ experts work on a voluntary basis; they are not UN staff and do not receive a salary for their work. They are independent from any government or organization and serve in their individual capacity. | Mid | [
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Chrysostom (Muniz Freire) Archbishop Dom Chrysostom (Portuguese: Dom Chrisóstomo ['dõ kɾi'zɔstomu]), born Luiz Felipe Muniz Freire, is a Brazilian Orthodox bishop, titled Archbishop of Rio de Janeiro and Olinda-Recife under the Polish Orthodox Church. As a young member of a group of spiritual seekers, he found Orthodoxy through Metropolitan Dom Gabriel of Lisbon, who baptised him and other seekers into the on the Feast of Pentecost, 1986. On February 1987, he was ordained a priest into the Church of the Genuine Orthodox Christians of Greece, although the Lisbon Metropolis separated from this very jurisdiction on the same year, signing a union protocol with the Polish Orthodox Church two years later. In 1991, after a period in a monastery in Mafra and already ordained an Archimandrite, he was consecrated in Grabarka a residential bishop for Brazil. In the following year, Chrysostom was consecrated in the Diocese of Rio de Janeiro and Olinda-Recife the first Orthodox bishop native to his country. Between the years of 2000 and 2001, a canonical crisis elevated his Diocese to the archdiocesan status after splitting it from the Lisboner Archdiocese, but not from the Church of Poland. Archbishop Chrysostom's episcopal see lies in the Most Holy Virgin Mary Cathedral, in Copacabana, with Bishop Dom Ambrose (Cubas) of Recife, parishes in the states of Rio de Janeiro, Pernambuco and Paraíba and a monastery in João Pessoa under his omophorion. References Category:Brazilian Orthodox bishops Category:Bishops of the Polish Orthodox Church Category:20th-century births Category:21st-century Eastern Orthodox archbishops Category:Living people Category:Year of birth missing (living people) | High | [
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The Latest: FBI agent: Politics didn’t affect Clinton probe WASHINGTON (AP) — The Latest on a report by the Justice Department’s internal watchdog on the FBI’s handling of the Hillary Clinton email investigation. (all times local): 4:15 p.m. A lawyer for FBI agent Peter Strzok (struhk) says a watchdog’s report shows his politics did not affect an investigation of Hillary Clinton’s emails. Strzok has come under fire for text messages critical of Donald Trump during the 2016 presidential campaign. He left special counsel Robert Mueller’s investigation into Russian meddling in the election after the Justice Department’s inspector general discovered the problematic texts in mid-2017. On Thursday, a report by the inspector general revealed that Strzok had told an FBI lawyer “we’ll stop” Trump from becoming president. Strzok was also involved in the probe of Clinton’s handling of classified emails that roiled the election. Strzok’s lawyer, Aitan Goelman, says Thursday’s report reveals no evidence that the FBI agent’s political views affected the handling of the Clinton investigation. ___ 3:20 p.m. The White House says a report by the Justice Department’s watchdog on the FBI’s handling of the Hillary Clinton email investigation is reaffirming President Donald Trump’s “suspicions” about former FBI Director James Comey’s conduct. White House spokeswoman Sarah Huckabee Sanders says the inspector general’s report is also reaffirming Trump’s suspicions about the “political bias among some of the members of the FBI.” She is deferring additional comments to FBI Director Christopher Wray. The report says Comey was “insubordinate” in his conduct of the probe, but it didn’t find he was motivated by political bias. Sanders says Trump was briefed on the report’s findings earlier in the day. ___ 2:55 p.m. Former FBI Director James Comey says he disagrees with some of the conclusions of the Justice Department’s inspector general about his handling of the Hillary Clinton email investigation. But Comey says in a tweet that he respects the inspector general’s work and believes the conclusions are “reasonable.” He says “people of good faith” can see the “unprecedented situation differently.” Comey’s comments come in response to the public release of a report that is heavily critical of his decisions in the probe. The report says Comey was insubordinate and departed from established protocol numerous times. The report does find that Comey’s actions were not politically motivated to help either candidate. Comey also wrote an opinion piece in The New York Times responding to the report’s findings. __ 2:40 p.m. An FBI investigator who worked on probes into Hillary Clinton’s emails and into Russian interference in the 2016 election told an FBI lawyer “we’ll stop” Donald Trump from becoming president. The inflammatory texts between Peter Strzok and FBI lawyer Lisa Page are highlighted in the report by the Justice Department’s inspector general, which is critical of former FBI director James Comey’s handling of the investigations. According to the report, Page texted Strzok in August 2016: “(Trump’s) not ever going to become president, right? Right?!” Strzok responded: “No. No he won’t. We’ll stop it.” The report says the watchdog “did not find documentary or testimonial evidence” that political bias directly affected parts of the probe, it says Page and Strzok’s conduct “cast a cloud over the entire FBI investigation.” __ 2:05 p.m. The Justice Department has issued a stinging rebuke to the FBI for its handling of the Hillary Clinton email investigation. The report released Thursday calls former FBI Director James Comey “insubordinate” and says his actions were “extraordinary.” But the report, by the department’s watchdog, does not find evidence that Comey was motivated by political bias or preference in his decisions. The report criticized Comey for publicly announcing his recommendation against criminal charges for Clinton. It also faulted him for alerting Congress days before the 2016 election that the investigation was being reopened because of newly discovered emails. President Donald Trump has been eager for the report in hopes that it would vindicate his decision to fire Comey and undermine special counsel Robert Mueller’s investigation. __ 12:15 p.m. The Justice Department’s watchdog faults former FBI Director James Comey for breaking with established protocol in his handling of the Hillary Clinton email investigation. But it found that his decisions were not driven by political bias. The report also criticizes Comey for not keeping then-Attorney General Loretta Lynch and other Justice Department superiors properly informed about his handling of the investigation. That’s according to a person familiar with the report’s conclusions who spoke to The Associated Press on condition of anonymity. The person was not authorized to speak on the record because the report is not yet public. The report’s findings are set to be made public later Thursday. It represents the culmination of an 18-month review into one of the most consequential FBI investigations in recent history. __ Chad Day in Washington ___ 12:15 p.m. President Donald Trump was expected to receive a briefing at the White House on a report from the Justice Department’s internal watchdog on the FBI’s handling of the Hillary Clinton email investigation. Deputy Attorney General Rod Rosenstein was spotted entering the West Wing on Thursday. White House officials have not yet confirmed that Rosenstein will be conducting the briefing. The inspector general’s detailed report is set to be released later in the day. It will look at how the nonpartisan law enforcement agency became entangled in the 2016 presidential campaign. Trump is expected to use the report to renew his attack against two former top FBI officials — Director James Comey and his deputy, Andrew McCabe. ___ 11:55 a.m. President Donald Trump is bashing the special counsel investigation into Russian election meddling as a “pile of garbage” ahead of the release of a highly anticipated report looking into the Justice Department’s conduct during the 2016 election. Trump says in a pair of tweets that now that he’s back from his summit with North Korea, “the thought process must sadly go back to the Witch Hunt.” Trump is yet again insisting there was “No Collusion and No Obstruction of the fabricated No Crime” and is accusing Democrats of making up “a phony crime,” paying “a fortune to make the crime sound real,” and then “Collud(ing) to make this pile of garbage take on life in Fake News!” The report by the Justice Department’s internal watchdog is being released Thursday afternoon and is expected to criticize the FBI’s handling of the Hillary Clinton email investigation. ___ 11:35 a.m. Two Republican-led House committees say their own monthslong probe into the now-closed FBI investigation of Hillary Clinton’s emails has so far shown “questionable decision-making” by the agency. A document listing preliminary conclusions was obtained by The Associated Press ahead of a separate report from the Justice Department’s internal watchdog. That much-anticipated report is due to be released Thursday afternoon. It is expected to criticize the FBI’s handling of the investigation. Republicans on the House Judiciary and Oversight and Government Reform committees say they have “substantial questions about whether DOJ and FBI properly analyzed and interpreted the law surrounding mishandling of classified information.” They charge that the FBI did not follow legal precedent and treated the Clinton probe differently from other cases. The Republicans allege bias against Donald Trump in his campaign against Clinton. — Mary Clare Jalonick ___ 1 a.m. The Justice Department’s internal watchdog is releasing its much-anticipated report on the FBI’s handling of the Hillary Clinton email investigation. The report being issued Thursday afternoon is the culmination of an 18-month review of one of the most consequential FBI investigations in recent history. Its findings will revive debate about whether FBI actions affected the outcome of the 2016 presidential election and contributed to Clinton’s loss to Donald Trump. Trump’s supporters have eagerly awaited the report in hopes that it would skewer the judgment of James Comey, who was fired as FBI director last year. Among the actions scrutinized is Comey’s decision to publicly announce his recommendation against prosecuting Clinton, and his disclosure to Congress days before the election that the investigation was being revived because of newly discovered emails. | Mid | [
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Frontiers Strategies For Fermentation Medium 2018-11-04:13:51:12 Uploud: Ivoiregion ID: m5Y4YA4akycbiVYegyZU0QAAAA Size: 11.5KB Width: 150 Px Height: 118 Px Source: www.frontiersin.org Pastries can be offered to guests during birthday parties and other main occasions. These box are generally made more attractive and colorful for many of these get togethers. For wedding, area of the Pastry packaging package can be the same as that intended for the occasion. This will add more color and natural beauty to the environment. For transporting numerous pastries, these boxes could be customized with special inserts. This will help businesses to save cost of transportation as a large number of pastries can be transported at the same time in one pastry box. The heap also help to hold the pastries highly in place. It rest stops these desserts from colliding or falling, thereby minimizing wastage that the organization may well incur. Image Editor Ivoiregion - Frontiers strategies for fermentation medium. During the medium designing and optimization, there are various strategies available which are frequently used to improve the efficiency of the production medium figure 2 is a schematic representation of various techniques used in the medium optimization. Strategies for fermentation medium optimization: an in. Fermentation processes, where the precursor s of the specific products are not added in the medium, carbon and nitrogen sources present in the medium during their metabolism may initiate the biosynthesis of precursors that regulate the metabolism and influence the end product synthesis elibol,. Pdf strategies for fermentation medium optimization: an. Singh et al strategies for fermentation medium optimization doe is a series of experiments which are strategically planned and executed to obtain a larger amount of information about. Frontiers yeast monitoring of wine mixed or sequential. The best inoculation strategies between s cerevisiae and non saccharomyces strains were chosen to analyze, by real time quantitative pcr qpcr combined with the use of specific primers, the dynamics of inoculated populations throughout the fermentation process at the pilot scale using the malvar white grape variety. New content frontiers in microbiology 2017 jan 24. Frontiers in microbiology follow new on 2017 jan 24: editorial: bifidobacteria and their role in the human gut microbiota strategies for fermentation medium optimization: an in depth review v singh et al front microbiol 7, 2087 2017 jan 06 optimization of production medium is required to maximize the metabolite yield this can. Strategies for improving fermentation medium performance. Many techniques are available in the fermentation medium designer's toolbox borrowing, component swapping, biological mimicry, one at a time, statistical and mathematical techniques experimental design and optimization, artificial neural networks, fuzzy logic, genetic algorithms, continuous fermentation, pulsed batch and stoichiometric analysis. Strategies for improving fermentation medium performance. Fermentation medium performance m kennedy and d krouse 457 table 1 constraints and challenges that may operate during the process of designing an industrial medium. Sequential fermentation with selected immobilized non. The main fermentation parameters for non saccharomyces yeast in sequential fermentation trials with natural grape juice, with s cerevisiae ec1118 inoculated after 72 h of fermentation and without removing the beads. Strategies for improving fermentation medium. Strategies for fermentation medium optimization semantic scholar jan 6, 2017 taguchi design in order to overcome the problems associated with the pbd method, dr genichi taguchi developed a method which is. Media for industrial fermentation omicsgroup fermentaion. Media for industrial fermentation micro organisms used for fermentation process grow on or in growth medium which satisfies the nutritional needs of microbes complete analysis is needed to be done to establish the most favourable medium for the growth of the microbe used for fermentation. You can edit this Frontiers Strategies For Fermentation Medium image using this Ivoiregion Tool before save to your device Any content, trademarks, or other material that might be found on the Ivoiregion website that is not ivoiregion.net property remains the copyright of its respective owners. In no way does Ivoiregion claim ownership or responsibility for such items, and you should seek legal consent for any use of such materials from its owner.. | Low | [
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Embodiments of the present invention relate to circuits, and more particularly, to analog circuits for analog-to-digital converters. Flash (or parallel) analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are often employed in high speed communication devices in which it is desired to quickly convert an analog input voltage signal to a digital output voltage signal. FIG. 1 provides a high-level functional block diagram of a typical flash ADC. Differential voltage reference buffer 114 provides voltages VL2 and VL1 to resistor ladder network 106 at ports 116 and 118, respectively. Resistor ladder network 106 comprises 2nxe2x88x921 resistors 102. An analog input voltage signal is applied to analog input port 104, and 2nxe2x88x921 comparators 108 compare the latched analog input voltage to 2nxe2x88x921 voltages provided by resistor ladder network 106. The outputs of comparators 108 are provided to priority encoder 110, and priority encoder 110 encodes the outputs of comparators 108 into the digital output voltage on output port 112. The flash ADC of FIG. 1 is part of larger circuit 101, which may be, for example, a high speed communication device such as a Gigabit Ethernet PHY. Resistor ladder network 106 is often implemented as one or more metallization layers in a silicon process, and as a result it tends to have a relatively low resistance. Resistor ladder network 106 is often bypassed with a large amount of capacitance, typically MOS (Metal Oxide Semiconductor) devices, as indicated by capacitors 120. It is usually desirable for differential voltage reference buffer 114 to provide a low impedance voltage source at ports 116 and 118 to resistor ladder network 106, where the voltage is stable with good immunity to low and high frequency power supply variations, as well as other environmental parameters. FIG. 2 illustrates a functional diagram for differential voltage reference buffer 114 driving resistor ladder network 106. A reference voltage VREF2 is applied to the non-inverting input port of differential amplifier 202. Differential amplifier 202 and output stage 204 are configured to source a current I2 to port 116 and to provide reference voltage VREF2 at port 116. A reference voltage VREF1 is applied to the non-inverting input port of differential amplifier 206. Differential amplifier 206 and output stage 208 are configured to sink a current I1 from port 118 so as to provide reference voltage VRF1 at port 118. The average values Of I2 and I1 are substantially equal to each other, although the instantaneous values m ay not be equal due to capacitors 120. FIG. 3A provides a circuit diagram for an OPAMP (operational amplifier) comprising differential amplifier 202 and output stage 204, and FIG. 3B provides a circuit diagram for an OPAMP comprising differential amplifier 206 and output stage 208. In FIG. 3A, a bias current biases a current mirror comprising nMOSFETs (n-Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) 302, 306, and 308. nMOSFET 306 provides bias current to a differential amplifier comprising nMOSFET differential pairs 310 and 312, and pMOSFET pairs 314 and 316. The gates of nMOSFETs 310 and 312 are the inverting and non-inverting input ports, respectively. The output stage comprises pMOSFET 318, which is Miller compensated via capacitor 320. nMOSFET 308 biases pMOSFET 318. Similar statements apply to the circuit of FIG. 3B. Because of the relatively low resistance of resistor ladder network 106, a relatively large current is often needed to establish the correct voltage difference across resistor ladder network 106. As a result, the device sizes in output stages of differential voltage reference buffer 114 are often relatively large so as to handle the relatively large current through resistor ladder network 106. One consequence of this device size is that good PSSR (Power Supply Rejection Ratio) may be difficult to achieve. In particular, pMOSFETs tend to dominate the response from power supply variations compared to nMOSFETs because pMOSFETs are referenced to the supply voltage VDD and nMOSFETs are referenced to the ground (or substrate) voltage VSS. Furthermore, pMOSFETs in the signal path of an OPAMP may amplify power supply variations. In particular, pMOSFET 318 in the output stage of FIG. 3A may reduce the PSRR. However, improving the PSRR by employing external bypass capacitors may not be practical in a highly integrated environment such as a communication transceiver, e.g., a Gigabit Ethernet PHY. | Mid | [
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Q: Issues with deleting records and data reading using vb.net I'm very new to programming and I'm at the very end of my first vb.net programming assignment but I can't figure this last part out. The program is a small address book with database back-end, my problem occurs when I delete a contacts record. The data record being read is based off the contacts primary key, when I delete a contact record the next contact record moves up but every record below it doesn't read correctly. I have a feeling this occurs because my code only reads the primary keys in sequential order, but I'm not sure how to go about changing it to make it work correctly. Here's the code that relates to it reading the data when i select the record in a listview. Private Sub ListView1_SelectedIndexChanged_1(sender As Object, e As EventArgs) Handles ListView1.SelectedIndexChanged Dim command As MySqlCommand = Nothing Dim reader As MySqlDataReader Dim query As String = "SELECT * FROM contacts WHERE id= '" & ListView1.FocusedItem.Index + 1 & "'" Try connection.Open() command = New MySqlCommand(query, connection) reader = command.ExecuteReader While reader.Read txtFirstName.Text = reader.GetString("first_name") txtSurname.Text = reader.GetString("surname") txtHouseNo.Text = reader.GetString("house_number") txtStreet.Text = reader.GetString("street") txtSuburb.Text = reader.GetString("suburb") cboState.Text = reader.GetString("state") txtPhone.Text = reader.GetString("phone") txtMobile.Text = reader.GetString("mobile") txtWork.Text = reader.GetString("work") txtEmail.Text = reader.GetString("email") txtNotes.Text = reader.GetString("notes") txtid.Text = reader.GetString("id") End While Catch ex As MySqlException MessageBox.Show(ex.Message) Finally connection.Close() command.Dispose() End Try Call txtEnable() End Sub And here's how I load the contacts to the listview Private Sub loadcontacts() Dim command As MySqlCommand = Nothing Dim listquery As String = "SELECT * FROM contacts ORDER BY id" Dim reader As MySqlDataReader = Nothing Try If connection.State = ConnectionState.Closed Then connection.Open() End If command = New MySqlCommand(listquery, connection) reader = command.ExecuteReader() command.CommandText = listquery With ListView1 .Columns.Add("Name", 220, HorizontalAlignment.Left) End With ListView with the data While reader.Read Dim ls As New ListViewItem(reader.Item("first_name").ToString() & " " & reader.Item("surname").ToString) ListView1.Items.Add(ls) End While Catch ex As MySqlException Finally connection.Close() command.Dispose() End Try End Sub Thanks for any help. A: For anyone that has a similar problem I figured it out. Steve helped me get on the right track here so thank you. I added the ID (primary key) subitem like this: While reader.Read Dim ls As New ListViewItem(reader.Item("first_name").ToString() & " " & reader.Item("surname").ToString) ls.SubItems.Add(reader.Item("id").ToString) ListView1.Items.Add(ls) then in the listview focused item I made the query like this: Dim query As String = "SELECT * FROM contacts WHERE id = '" & ListView1.FocusedItem.SubItems(1).Text & "'" Now save, update, and delete work with primary key ID reading in the correct order. Thanks for the help and I hope this helps out someone in the future | High | [
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The Sounds of Pulsars A pulsar is a highly magnetised neutron star, with a radius of 10-15 km, having somewhat greater mass than the Sun which has a radius of approximately 1 million km. Radiation is beamed out along the magnetic poles and pulses of radiation are received as the beam crosses the Earth, in the same manner as the beam from a lighthouse causes flashes. Being enormous cosmic flywheels with a tick attached, they make some of the best clocks known to mankind. The sounds on this web page directly correspond to the radio-waves emitted by the brightest pulsars in the sky as received by some of the largest radio telescopes in the world. To listen to the pulses of a radio pulsar, click on the sound icons below. Click on the movie icons to see visualisations of the signals. When you listen to the sounds of pulsars, imagine these objects which are half a million Earth masses whizzing around! See here for a list of useful other resources of information. Some answers to common questions can be found below. Other pulsar sounds can be found on the webpage of the Dutch pulsar group. Pulsar recordings Pulsar name Audio recording Movie pulse train Movie pulse stack Rotation period Age Comments 0.714520 sec (or 1.40 Hz) ~5.5 million year old This is the brightest radio pulsar in the northern sky. Otherwise this pulsar is a typical, normal pulsar, rotating with a period of 0.714520 seconds, hence the star makes about one and a half turn in a second, giving it a locomotive kind of sound. You can hear and see that each pulse has a different structure, hence the beam of this cosmic lighthouse is constantly changing in shape. This recording has been made with the Lovell telescope in Jodrell Bank. 0.769006 sec (or 1.30 Hz) ~200,000 years old This pulsar has a similar rotation period as the pulsar above. A difference is that halfway through the recording much more of the pulses have become single-peaked rather than double-peaked. This is because of a so-called "mode-change". For this pulsar the properties of the lighthouse beam can be in two distinctly different states. This recording has been made with the Lovell telescope in Jodrell Bank. 0.358738 sec (or 2.79 Hz) ~900,000 years old This is the live data of pulsar B1933+16 used in "Sky At Night" which was broadcast on BBC 4 on March the 9th 2014 at 22:00. During the recording the telescope moves towards the pulsar and after six seconds the heartbeat-like pulsar signal is being received. This recording has been made with the Lovell telescope in Jodrell Bank. 0.197108 sec (or 5.07 Hz) ~500,000 years old This is an example of a more complex pulsar signal. This pulsar is oriented such that we can observe both opposite magnetic poles, resulting in a main and interpulse for each rotation. The pulsar rotates every 0.197 seconds, but every 0.1 seconds a pulse is observed. To complicate things further, the interpulses get weaker and stronger every 20 rotations or so, creating a nice beat as you can hear. This recording has been made with the Parkes radio telescope in Australia. Not available 0.089328 sec (or 11.2 Hz) ~10,000 years old This pulsar lies near the centre of the Vela supernova remnant, which is the debris of the explosion of a massive star about 10,000 years ago. The pulsar (a so-called neutron star) is the collapsed core of this star, rotating with a period of 89 milliseconds or about 11 times a second. This recording has been made with the Parkes radio telescope in Australia. Not available 0.033045 sec (or 30.3 Hz) Born in 1054 A.D. The Crab pulsar is the youngest known pulsar. It lies at the centre of the Crab Nebula, the supernova remnant of its birth explosion, which was witnessed by Europeans and Chinese in the year 1054 A.D. as a day-time light in the sky. The pulsar rotates about 30 times a second, however for most rotations no radio waves are detected. But every now and then a pulse is detectable which can be extremely strong and therefore called "giant pulses". Among weaker ones, the strongest giant pulse in this recording occurs close to the end. This recording has been made with the Lovell telescope in Jodrell Bank. Not available 0.005757 sec (or 173.7 Hz) Very old This is the brightest so-called milli-second pulsar known. This old pulsar has been spun up by the accretion of material from a binary companion star as it expands in its red giant phase. The accretion process results in orbital angular momentum of the companion star being converted to rotational angular momentum of the neutron star, which is now rotating about 174 times a second. It spins so fast that the signal sounds like an overactive bumble-bee. This recording has been made with the Parkes radio telescope in Australia. Some questions and answers What do I see in the movies? How are the sounds created? Why is the sampling rate not 44.1 kHz? Is there any need to correct for "dispersion"? I want to use these (or similar) sounds in an art project. Who should I contact? The signal (hence the audio) is the same in both types of movies. The first movie shows what is sometimes called the: it shows how the radio intensity recorded by the radio telescope (vertical axis) changes over time (horizontal axis). Pulses are visible at regular intervals corresponding to the beam of the pulsar sweeping over Earth for each rotation. The signal in the second movie is the same, but it is chopped into pieces with a length equal to the rotation period of the star (each containing one pulse). Instead of drawing these pieces next to each other, the pieces are drawn above each other. The audio you hear is that of the pulse indicated with the red horizontal line. The previous pulse you heard is the pulse below and the next pulse you will hear is above the red line. The time during a pulse (horizontal axis) is displayed in degrees, where 360 degrees correspond to a full rotation. To allow the structure of the pulses to be seen, the graph is zoomed in such that only part of the 360 degrees is visible.The radio waves we receive from pulsars are electromagnetic waves, so very similar to light, not sound. A radio telescope operates at some level similar to a radio: it records the radio waves and it can be used to make sound out of the recorded signals. Similar to radios, which can for instance use AM or FM, there are different ways in which this can be done. The sounds on this web page essentially use the intensity of the recorded radio waves as the amplitude of the produced audio waves. In some cases an audio filter was applied to somewhat suppress the white noise to better bring out the sound of the pulsar."CD quality" sound, which is sampled with 44.1 kHz, will not result in the clearest sound for a pulsar. The finer the sampling, the less signal there is in each sample. If you make the sampling rate too high, the noise (caused for instance by the thermal motion of electrons in the antenna of the radio telescope) will dominate over the very weak radio signal of the pulsar. As a consequence the signal will sound weaker or will even disappear in the white background noise. In many cases the true sampling time used in the pulsar recording is even lower than that of the audio file, because most software/hardware will refuse to play the audio file if the sampling rate is too small.Unlike a normal radio, a radio telescope will not tune in to a specific radio frequency. Using a wider bandwidth will mean that more signal can be collected, allowing the detection of weaker signals. Space is not a perfect vacuum, and therefore the propagation velocity (speed of light) of the radio waves will be different for different radio frequencies. This effect (called dispersion) means that the pulses from pulsars arrive at slightly different times depending on the frequency of the radio waves. In order to make use of a wide range of frequencies, a different frequency-dependent delay has been added to the recording of the pulsar signal to correct for this effect.Please contact Patrick Weltevrede (see contact list for his email address.) Some simulated pulsar sounds PSR B1937+21 is the second fastest known pulsar, rotating with a period of 0.00155780644887275 seconds, or about 642 times a second. The surface of this star is moving at about 1/7 of the velocity of light and illustrates the enormous gravitational forces which prevent it flying apart due to the immense centrifugal forces. The fastest-rotating pulsar is PSR J1748-2446ad, which rotates about 10% faster at 716 times a second. This pulsar is too weak to be used directly to make a pulsar sound. But with better future radio telescopes its sound will be like this. | Mid | [
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I think ECS should fix their bios issues before they start making high end mb's. Looks great but if it's that much a pain to oc what good is it.For less money you can get a better board from asus or gigabyte. | Low | [
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Fedora Blows Game, UNC freefalls to 1-5 Carolina's 1-5 start gives them a unique distinction. They were the only team in the FBS to overcome such a start and qualify for a bowl game. Obviously, that means they were also the only such team to win a bowl game. Colorado State and Kansas State got invited to a bowl after starting 2-4, while three other teams started 2-4 and were bowl-eligible but not invited (FAU, UTSA and Central Michigan). Every other bowl team was at least .500 at the midpoint of the season. Could a hater thread go any worse for the RR and BH crews...I was wondering why the ward at Dix was overflowing... — Posted by IronRam LOL no, no it could not go any worse...but poor kTard is bound and determined to keep it alive, even though the thread creator just wishes it would go away ROFL. It won't, best I can tell. — Posted by Carol1naClassy KatY is chapped awful and is in need of admitance to the "critically burnt" unit at UNC... — Posted by IronRam Her disastrous "Oh-Fer" season in football (ROFL) has left her angry, and flailing about, claiming internet victories where there are none, in threads she had nothing to do with LOL. Blewy abandoned this dead horse loooong ago...wisely....but kTard is bound and determined to keep it afloat Could a hater thread go any worse for the RR and BH crews...I was wondering why the ward at Dix was overflowing... — Posted by IronRam LOL no, no it could not go any worse...but poor kTard is bound and determined to keep it alive, even though the thread creator just wishes it would go away ROFL. It won't, best I can tell. — Posted by Carol1naClassy KatY is chapped awful and is in need of admitance to the "critically burnt" unit at UNC... — Posted by IronRam Her disastrous "Oh-Fer" season in football (ROFL) has left her angry, and flailing about, claiming internet victories where there are none, in threads she had nothing to do with LOL. Blewy abandoned this dead horse loooong ago...wisely....but kTard is bound and determined to keep it afloat For the hurt one ^^^ above, still trying in vain to save Blewy from this embarrassing thread: Fedora Gone by November!! Embarassing the ACC. State and Duke gonna roll the Holes LOL — Posted by BlueDevils00 ^^Very first post. kTard.^^ Sorry if you only read thread titles, but the rest of us here actually read the posts occasionally. smh. Even Blewy has abandoned this trainwreck of a thread...why are you so hot and bothered to defend it? smh. Reported. — Posted by Carol1naClassy Poor libertard. As stated by you on the last page: "Bump for the wrongness of the thread topic lOLOLOLlol" The topic of this thread was "Fedora Blows Game, kerliner freefalls to 1-5." You said the topic was wrong, even though it was factually correct. You get mad and try to weasel into the first post after I call you out so you don't look like the simpleton you are. Begone with you and reported 3 times for being mentally challenged. The poor boy. The topic of the thread was "Fedora blows game, kerliner freefalls to 1-5." Did that happen? Yes. Once again, you fail. — Posted by KT gave you coal for xmas So UNC fired Fedora "by November" as you and Blewy claimed they would? It's sooo cute that you're here, STILL trying in vain to save him from this embarrassment of this pitiful, pitiful thread lol. smh. Oh btw: The Flagship was 6-1 since he posted this hilarious thread. How'd state college do over that same time span? (Hence your obvious hurt and anger, poor thing.) #HEELBLOOD!!!!#STOMP!!!! — Posted by Carol1naClassy Deflect, deflect, deflect. That's all the boy seems to be able to do when proven wrong. Where in the thread TOPIC did it say Fedora would be fired by November? The poor boy. The topic of the thread was "Fedora blows game, kerliner freefalls to 1-5." Did that happen? Yes. Once again, you fail. — Posted by KT gave you coal for xmas So UNC fired Fedora "by November" as you and Blewy claimed they would? It's sooo cute that you're here, STILL trying in vain to save him from this embarrassment of this pitiful, pitiful thread lol. smh. Just look how happy and gleeful the dookie trolls were on October 18th when The Flagship fell to 1-5! LOL!!!! Now they are beside themselves with worry and angst over our "Bowl Trip Travel Plans" LLlOOOolLLlLOoLLLLOooLLLoL!!!! My my MY....how things have changed! Makes me grin is what it does! — Posted by DeanWins You mean the bowl game that you're not going to? LOL. — Posted by KT doesnt want to meet you ... while that bowl-lite the six & six Heels landed will be sparsely attended by few in baby blue, (why there will be more Charlotteans with freebies than any paying Heels from out of town), and of course the few Bearcat fans who care to show for the festivities. | Low | [
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College Hunks Hauling Junk College Hunks Hauling Junk and Moving is a North American junk removal and moving company with headquarters in Tampa, Florida. The company provides junk removal, local and long distance full service moving and office relocation services including in home donation pickup services for non-profit partner organizations. The company became operational in 2005 and began franchising in 2007. The company's services are available to both commercial and residential clients, with over 65% of the "junk" collected being donated to charities such as Goodwill Industries, recycled, reused or incinerated as fuel through the Covanta Energy Corporation. As of October 2019, College Hunks Hauling Junk and Moving had three company-owned locations and 124 franchised locations in the United States and Canada. History College Hunks Hauling Junk began operations in 2004 after co-founder Omar Soliman won $10,000 in the annual Leigh Rothschild Business Plan Contest. Upon graduating from the University of Miami, Soliman and partner Nick Friedman moved to Washington D.C. and expanded the company into a full-scale operation. In its first two years, the company hauled away more than 4,000 tons of junk, and as of 2010 was hauling away an average of 10,000 tons each year. In 2008, the company moved its headquarters to Tampa, Florida and began franchising. The organization expanded and appeared on the Inc magazine's 500 Fastest Growing Companies list in 2009. The company was ranked #30 on Entrepreneur Magazine's Top 50 New Franchise Rankings in 2009. In mass media In September 2008, Friedman and Soliman tried but failed to secure funding from investors for a new business concept called College Foxes Packing Boxes, a full-service packing and professional organizing company. The company attempted to gain an investment of 250k for 25% for the "foxes", on the ABC investment television show Shark Tank. The investors requested equity in the Hunks, and their offer on the Hunks was $1,000,000 for 10%. The show's investors ultimately rejected the offer, except for Robert Herjavec who offered 250K for 50% of the Foxes and 10% of the Hunks which was later rejected. Soliman and Friedman were contestants in the third-season premiere of Bravo TVs Millionaire Matchmaker hosted by Patti Stanger. Friedman and his girlfriend appeared on HGTV's House Hunters, in an episode aired on July 7, 2013. See also Nick Friedman Omar Soliman References Category:Companies based in Tampa, Florida Category:Franchises Category:Home improvement Category:Moving companies of the United States Category:Privately held companies based in Florida Category:Waste management companies of Canada Category:Waste management companies of the United States | Low | [
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Rangers, Royals bring winning feeling into four-game set Danny Duffy and the Kansas City Royals take on the TExas Rangers on Thursday. Photo by Aaron Josefczyk/UPI | License Photo The Texas Rangers are on an offensive roll and look to continue that recent prowess on Thursday as they open a four-game series against the Kansas City Royals at Globe Life Park in Arlington, Texas. Kansas City will send left-hander Danny Duffy (1-6, 6.88 ERA) to the mound for the series opener while the Rangers will counter with Austin Bibens-Dirkx (0-0, 0.00), who was called up from Triple-A Round Rock to make his season debut. Texas outbashed New York on Wednesday, beating the Yankees 12-10. Jurickson Profar's three-run double in the sixth was the go-ahead hit that allowed the Rangers to win for the second straight night and snap the Yankees' string of eight consecutive winning series. "I'm feeling a little like my old self -- I'm hitting the ball well and swinging the bat good," Profar said. "It's a long season and you have your ups and down. I found myself in a position to produce something good for the team, and I have to be able to take advantage of those situations." It was the first time the Rangers have won a game when their pitchers allowed at least 10 runs since a 13-11 victory over the Chicago White Sox on May 10, 2016. It was just their fifth such win since the start of the 2010 season. Rangers designated hitter Nomar Mazara hit his first home run in 12 games when he smashed one into the home bullpen in the fourth inning. Ronald Guzman soon followed with his third home run in three games as the Rangers erased the Yankees' 4-0 lead with a five-run inning. Both home runs came off New York starter CC Sabathia. For Mazara, it was his first home run since going deep twice against the Tigers on May 9. He had seven home runs in the first nine games of May, but none until he hit a two-run shot off Sabathia on Wednesday. The Royals finally won their first road series of 2018, finishing off a series against St. Louis on Wednesday afternoon with a 5-2 victory in 10 innings. And because it was against their I-70 rivals to the east in St. Louis, it was even more significant for Kansas City. "It's always important (to win this series)," Royals left fielder Alex Gordon said. "We take this series a little more (importantly) just because of the rivalry and the crowd, and the energy. It's always a tough place to play. Nice to come away with two wins." Salvador Perez, who made his first start at first base since 2013, homered early for the Royals in Wednesday's win, and Whit Merrifield tied the game with a sacrifice fly in the sixth. Drew Butera's two-run single in the 10th off Cardinals closer Bud Norris proved to be the game-winner. Duffy allowed five runs in four innings in his most recent outing against the Yankees on Saturday. He is 1-2 with a 3.25 ERA in his career against Texas. Bibens-Dirkx has made eight starts in Triple-A, going 2-3 with a 3.72 ERA in 38 2/3 innings. He struck out 32 and walked eight. | Mid | [
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Exclusive Distributor and Service Center for Gas Detection Equipment by Riken Keiki Contact Us +30 210 4623700 [email protected] [email protected] Deliver Quality Established in 1979 Services Riken Keiki Gas Detectors technical support ZMS is the authorised service station of Riken Keiki Japan and RKI Instruments USA in Greece, providing inspection, calibration, repair, monitoring and certification of their instruments in our scientific workshop. As our safety department has a Marine chemist in the team, we also do calibration and repairs of other brand instruments and provide certificates. MMC Gauging units technical support providing inspection, calibration, repair and certification in our MMC workshop. Our firms is an official representative of MMC (Europe), for sales and we are authorised service station providing inspection, calibration, repair and certification in our MMC workshop of both restricted and gastight gauging units. For our repairs we use only original MMC spare parts Products Simultaneously readout of up to 6 different gases Wide variety of field proven gas sensor available PPM/LEL hydrocarbon detection Low flow pump shut off and alarm Methane elimination switch for environmental use 30 hours of continuous operatin The Alco-Sensor FST (ASFST) provides precise, accurate, repeatable results on direct breath sample testing. The instrument is also designed to offer a simple passive testing procedure for quick screening of a large number of subjects and the capability of measuring the headspace over a solution to identify alcohol in a suspected open container. While the Alco-Sensor FST is designed to withstand field use in a policing environment, it is also designed to offer intuitive, simple operating procedures and have sample collection requirements that minimize risk to the operator. Unique Features: The Alco-Sensor FST was designed with operator safety in mind. Unlike other instruments available in the market, the symmetric design and rear facing display of the ASFST allows an operator to remain in control of the subject, view the instrument display, monitor the surrounding environment and divert the subject’s breath so that they are not directly in the breath stream during the sample collection process. The Alco-Sensor FST also offers advantages in low light operations such as a backlit LCD display, an illuminated mouthpiece guide, a “lever and snap” mouthpiece insertion and optional multi-color backlit display messaging to warn of important test conditions. The Butterworth Type K automated tank cleaning machine provides 360° impact indexed coverage for cleaning tank interiors. The Butterworth Type K is the world’s most successful design in terms of durability and reliance with thousands of machines in service worldwide. In Application The K machine’s primary construction material is bronze alloys and employs an integrated turbine drive. The Type K Machine has the ability to clean tanks up to a capacity of 10,000,000 gallons (38,000 m3) or higher when multiple machines are used. Operational The Butterworth Type K machine uses stream impingement technology to create a pattern matrix similar to a ball of twine (see cleaning pattern simulation below). A complete pattern is established when 63 axial revolutions of the body have been completed. During the process of this pattern development, 2 cycles are established with each cycle increasing the density of the pattern matrix. User Benefits High durability; workhorse of the industry Elimination of confined space entry High jet-stream impact Reduced cleaning times Reduced effluent generation Reduced energy costs | Mid | [
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Transition metal-catalyzed addition reactions of arylboronic acids with alkyl 2-formylbenzoates: efficient access to chiral 3-substituted phthalides. Transition metal-catalyzed addition of arylboronic acids to 2-formylbenzoates afforded 3-substituted phthalides. By using SPINOL-based phosphites as ligands, a Rh(I)-catalyzed asymmetric version of such an addition reaction was achieved. | High | [
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Middleman talk confuses dealers International arms majors taking part in the DefExpo are somewhat confused about the role of middlemen in billion-dollar defence deals with “clashing views” emanating from the Ministry of Defence. Barely two days after Defence Minister A.K. Antony emphasised that “there is no question of middlemen in defence deals”, his deputy has proposed a national debate on the role of arms agents. Rao Inderjit Singh, minister of state for defence production, said on Monday: “The government policy does not allow middlemen. But they may be there in disguise and there could be some gray areas. There should be a national debate on whether we should register arms agents.” Singh had made a similar proposal a few weeks ago, in his “personal capacity”, underscoring the need to promote transparency in the acquisition process. Asked if opinion in the defence ministry was divided over the role of middlemen, he said his views conformed with Antony’s and there was no disagreement. The fresh call for a national debate on the role of arms agents comes on the heels of two multi-billion dollar defence deals being scrapped by the government after years of trials and negotiations. One was on the 400-155mm towed artillery guns and the other was for 197 light helicopters for the army. Military expenditure over the next five years will be upwards of $30 billion. Antony has always maintained that no middlemen would be allowed in defence deals and arms companies could face severe action if complaints of kickbacks were found to be true. The government has appointed three independent monitors to vet all major defence contracts valued over Rs 100 crore. | Mid | [
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Christian conservative Franklin Graham has thanked the Trump administration for banning flying the rainbow flag at U.S. embassies and diplomatic missions. The rainbow flag is a symbol of the LGBT social movement and is widely displayed during Pride month. (Related: Despite rejected requests from Trump admin, some US embassies fly rainbow flag.) Graham, son of the late televangelist Billy Graham and a supporter of President Donald Trump, said in a Facebook post that the rainbow flag offended Christians. “I want to thank President Donald J. Trump and Secretary of State Mike Pompeo for making the decision not to fly the gay flag over our embassies during June in recognition of gay pride month. That is the right decision,” Graham said. “The only flag that should fly over our embassies is the flag of the United States of America. The gay pride flag is offensive to Christians and millions of people of other faiths, not only in this country but around the world. The U.S. flag represents our nation – everyone – regardless of race, religion, or sexual orientation,” he said. | Low | [
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WO09 Corey Fuller WR Virginia Tech Grade 4.43 SEC 12 REPS 31.5 INCH 120.0 INCH Overview Corey Fuller is the brother of current Hokie Kyle Fuller and former Hokie and NFL player Vincent Fuller. In high school, Corey lettered two seasons in football as the quarterback for Leonard Hart at Woodlawn High, but was much more heralded as a track star. Fuller was a Nike indoor track All-American as a senior, after he helped his team win first team all-state indoor and outdoor track honors as a senior. Fuller originally enrolled at the University of Kansas for two years and was a member of the Jayhawks’ track and field team, where he competed as a sprinter, triple jumper and long jumper. In 2010, he transferred to Virginia Tech, and didn’t play the entire season. The following year, he only had two catches for 19 yards, after playing only 57 snaps on the year. In his final year, Fuller emerged as a much bigger threat. He played in all 13 games, and logged eight starts. He caught 43 passes for 815 yards and six touchdowns. Analysis Strengths Fuller is quite fast and can run away from defensive backs. Explosive out of his cuts, which aids him in getting separation. Fluid hips and good flexibility, which allows him to make smooth transitions up the field. Impressive in changing directions, can make people miss. Weaknesses Doesn't explode off the line, and takes a few strides to get up to full speed. Still raw in his technique, deliberate in his routes. Needs to do a better job of being more physical in his routes with his hands, and needs to prove he can handle the press. Also needs to prove he can track the football and come away with the contested catch. Lacks pop as a blocker, will get pushed backwards. NFL Comparison Tiquan Underwood Bottom Line While still raw to the game from an overall technique perspective, Fuller is a gifted athlete. He's very fast, has good flexibility, and is explosive out of his cuts, which makes him a weapon as a receiver. He'll need to improve his blocking and clean up his game at the next level, but his athletic ability will likely get him selected in the middle to late rounds of the draft. | Mid | [
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Dentures When you’re facing tooth loss, it’s very stressful. What’s even more troubling is the pain, loss in appetite and general withdrawal millions of people go through before finding help and relief. Dr. Villar wants you to know something very important: You will get your smile, speech and appetite back! What Are Implant-Supported Dentures? An implant-supported denture is a type of overdenture that is anchored by and attached to implants. A regular denture rests on the gums and is not supported by implants. Dr. Villar will suggest an implant-supported denture when you don’t have teeth in the jaw but have enough bone in the jaw to support implants. Implant-supported dentures restore your bite and functionally while looking like your natural teeth. Also, they are made from materials that are easy to clean and maintain. The implant-supported dentures Dr. Villar provides: Look natural Perform well Last longer Fit your mouth Fit your face Myths and Facts About Dentures All dentures are made to look alike Dr. Villar completely understands the old standard where everyone had the same one-size-fits-all-dentures. It’s simply not that way anymore. Dr. Villar crafts the dentures to the patient’s face, bite and all of the subtle factors that make a person unique. After he designs your dentures, no one will be able to tell! New implant-supported dentures are painful Dentures are painful when they are ill fitted, not kept updated or clean. Dr. Villar takes time with the patient to get the fit right. You will come in for regular check-ups to make sure that your new implant-supported dentures are functioning properly. Dentures will slip and embarrass me Again, this is about fit. Ill-fitting dentures may slip. Dr. Villar designs your dentures for comfort and fit and makes adjustments to optimize comfort. People are always surprised and happy after getting their implant-support dentures. Technology has given me a chance to use my skill to transform their smile and the way they think about dentures. — Alexander Villar DDS The best way to know if implant-supported dentures are right for you is to schedule a consultation with Dr. Villar and talk about your issues and your options. We look forward to getting your functionality and beautiful smile back. Add’l Links Accreditation About Dr. Villar Alexander Villar DDS provides handcrafted, minimally invasive dentistry. People travel from all over the San Fernando Valley, the surrounding Los Angeles area and the country to his Santa Clarita office for his exceptional skill and precision. Dr. Villar is known for Orthodontics, Sleep Apnea treatment and exquisite cosmetic dentistry. | Mid | [
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Attention:24v 6A the battery is not include, because the limit of shipping way, but you can buy a battery at your local market.( charger*1pc ) Product display Product Parameter : Name: Surf Booster Product number:YD0058 Performance Speed: normal bottom speed is 5.5 km / h Normal water speed 4.5 km / hour Use time: 24V6A battery working time is 30-40 minutes Maximum diving depth: 20 meters Maximum thrust: 12 kg Output to weight ratio: 2:1 Net weight: about 8.5 kg Gross weight: about 11 kg Product size: 615*367*312mm Note: This product needs to be used with 24v battery, please buy it locally, thank you Operating Instructions: 1. Hold the handle with both hands after launching. 2. Use two elbow joints to press the tail (fully immersed in water) to make it slightly lower than the nose (1/3 of the water surface). 3. Put the tail on your chest and press it with your swim ring. 4. Press the start switch propeller to open the right hand. 5. Slowly relax both arms and press the tail to avoid floating out of the water. 6. The machine is slowly moving backwards while the machine is running. 7, the machine is running normally in the water and the people are completely in a straight line. 8. The right hand releases the start switch and the machine stops running. It is strictly forbidden to wrap the rope into the blade. Customer Satisfaction: If you choose "seller\'s shipping method"(368.42usd), we will help you to arrange the shipment by sea and delivery to your nearest seaport! If shipping by sea, after arriving destination seaport, the buyer need to pay the destination port charges (such as terminal handling charges, documents charges, storage charges, ect), tax to do the customs clearance and pick up the goods. If you choose DHL / ARAMEX/ FEDEX,TNT ,UPS, ECT, we will help you to arrange the shipment by international express and directly delivery to your address(DOOR TO DOOR SERVICE)! 1)In order to protect your items and avoid any damage from the shipping process, When you receive the package, Buyers should inspect package / goods carefully before signing receipt of goods. If there is any damages, please contact your local ARAMEX / DHL / Fedex to ask the complaints and claims OR please contact with us within 24 hours.Then take the photos for the damaged machine and package, immediately send the message to us, we will assist you to fix the problems. 2)if you have any problem about product or shipping, Please give us the opportunity to resolve any problem. We understand the concerns and frustrations you might have, and will do our endeavor to resolve the issues. 3)And your feedback is extremely important to our store, If you are satisfied with our product and our server ,after you confirm this order, Please leave us a positive feedback and 5 stars, we also will give you "PERFECT 5 STARS", When you rate the shipping time part please take international transit into consideration. Your recognition will make us more confident to develop business and serve you better. | Mid | [
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THEMA: what bulkemail service do you recommend? Our company are going to try out limesurvey. I am the one responsible for setting everything up and making sure it all goes as planned! The survey should go out tomorrow and I am a little bit nervous now I have set up an account with elasticemail to distribute the survey via smtp. Does anybody here have experience of them? Right now my testsurvey gets stuck as junk with hotmail :-/ I have tried to get in touch with elasticemail support but havn't gotten any feedback yet. So as a backupplan, can you recommend any good smtp service provider that's not very expensive? We have 8000 verified emailadresses that we are sending out to. Take care /Adam Der Administrator hat öffentliche Schreibrechte deaktiviert. JavaScript is currently disabled.Please enable it for a better experience of Jumi. | Mid | [
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Q: EF Core - unincluding binrary fields I have an EF Core model that has a binary field class SomeModel { string Id; string otherProperty; byte[] blob; }; Usually, when I query the DB, I want to return a list of this Model - and then, on subsequent calls, query just a single entity, but return the blob. I can't see a way in either data or code first to prevent EF Core paying the cost of retrieving the blob field always. I really want to be able to say something like: var list = await Context.SomeModels.ToListAsync(); // later var item = await Context.SomeModels .Where(m=>m.Id==someId) .Include(m=>m.blob) .FirstOrDefaultAsync(); I think I might have to put the blobs into a 2nd table so I can force a optional join. A: The only way you could get a separate loading is to move the data to a separate entity with one-to-one relationship. It doesn't need to be a separate table though. Although the most natural choice looks to be owned entity, since owned entities are always loaded with the owners, it has to be a regular entity, but configured with table splitting - in simple words, share the same table with the principal entity. Applying it to your sample: Model: public class SomeModel { public string Id { get; set; } public string OtherProperty { get; set; } public SomeModelBlob Blob { get; set; } }; public class SomeModelBlob { public string Id { get; set; } public byte[] Data { get; set; } } Configuration: modelBuilder.Entity<SomeModelBlob>(builder => { builder.HasOne<SomeModel>().WithOne(e => e.Blob) .HasForeignKey<SomeModelBlob>(e => e.Id); builder.Property(e => e.Data).HasColumnName("Blob"); builder.ToTable(modelBuilder.Entity<SomeModel>().Metadata.Relational().TableName); }); Usage: Code: var test = context.Set<SomeModel>().ToList(); SQL: SELECT [s].[Id], [s].[OtherProperty] FROM [SomeModel] AS [s] Code: var test = context.Set<SomeModel>().Include(e => e.Blob).ToList(); SQL: SELECT [e].[Id], [e].[OtherProperty], [e].[Id], [e].[Blob] FROM [SomeModel] AS [e] (the second e.Id in the select looks strange, but I guess we can live with that) | Mid | [
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{ "name": "BBBFontAjust", "version": "5.0", "summary": "字体适配", "description": "TODO: Add long description of the pod here.", "homepage": "http://git.lgh81.com:3000/RRK/BBB.git", "authors": { "rainsoft": "[email protected]" }, "source": { "git": "http://git.lgh81.com:3000/RRK/BBB.git", "tag": "5.0" }, "platforms": { "ios": "9.0" }, "source_files": "BBBFontAjust/Classes/*.{h,m}", "subspecs": [ { "name": "FileTool", "source_files": "BBBFontAjust/Classes/FileTool/*" } ] } | Mid | [
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/* * Modifications copyright (C) 2017, Baidu.com, Inc. * * Licensed to Elasticsearch under one or more contributor * license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with * this work for additional information regarding copyright * ownership. Elasticsearch licenses this file to you under * the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may * not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, * software distributed under the License is distributed on an * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY * KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the * specific language governing permissions and limitations * under the License. */ package org.elasticsearch.action.admin.indices.mapping.put; import org.elasticsearch.action.support.IndicesOptions; import org.elasticsearch.action.support.master.AcknowledgedRequestBuilder; import org.elasticsearch.client.ElasticsearchClient; import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentBuilder; import java.util.Map; /** * Builder for a put mapping request */ public class PutMappingRequestBuilder extends AcknowledgedRequestBuilder<PutMappingRequest, PutMappingResponse, PutMappingRequestBuilder> { public PutMappingRequestBuilder(ElasticsearchClient client, PutMappingAction action) { super(client, action, new PutMappingRequest()); } public PutMappingRequestBuilder setIndices(String... indices) { request.indices(indices); return this; } /** * Specifies what type of requested indices to ignore and wildcard indices expressions. * <p> * For example indices that don't exist. */ public PutMappingRequestBuilder setIndicesOptions(IndicesOptions options) { request.indicesOptions(options); return this; } /** * The type of the mappings. */ public PutMappingRequestBuilder setType(String type) { request.type(type); return this; } /** * The mapping source definition. */ public PutMappingRequestBuilder setSource(XContentBuilder mappingBuilder) { request.source(mappingBuilder); return this; } /** * The mapping source definition. */ public PutMappingRequestBuilder setSource(Map mappingSource) { request.source(mappingSource); return this; } /** * The mapping source definition. */ public PutMappingRequestBuilder setSource(String mappingSource) { request.source(mappingSource); return this; } /** * A specialized simplified mapping source method, takes the form of simple properties definition: * ("field1", "type=string,store=true"). */ public PutMappingRequestBuilder setSource(Object... source) { request.source(source); return this; } /** True if all fields that span multiple types should be updated, false otherwise */ public PutMappingRequestBuilder setUpdateAllTypes(boolean updateAllTypes) { request.updateAllTypes(updateAllTypes); return this; } /** if need reindex **/ public PutMappingRequestBuilder setReindex(boolean reindex) { request.reindex(reindex); return this; } } | Mid | [
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This is a term we hear in the hiking community a lot but I think it applies at home or on a bus (as in our case). When I first started hiking the Appalachian Trail I had at least five pounds of extra stuff that I thought I needed. As time went on I slowly got rid of extra pieces of equipment with each town stop. I can remember somewhere around the five hundred mile mark being at the laundromat washing our stinky hiker clothes and going through the stuff in my backpack. Hikers around me were laughing at some of the extra stuff I had carried up steep mountains for five hundred miles and never once used! At that point I knew they were right and ditched anything that I hadn’t needed so far along the way. It seems to be the same with our everyday life too. How much extra stuff do you own? When we first moved on the bus we both downsized quite a bit. I thought we had done well and only kept what we needed. But as time went on I was continuously getting rid of stuff we just hadn’t used yet. Taking all of our stuff out of the bus to move the furniture around has been the equivalent of that laundromat visit at five hundred miles on the trail. I can’t believe all of the extra stuff we have carted across the country! I bet our gas mileage would have been better it I had ditched it 3500km ago! I guess it is a process. Right now as I prepare for a Pacific Crest Trail hike gear choices are on my mind a lot. I know that I won’t be starting out with five pounds of extra gear but I bet that even after hiking as much as I have there will be a few extra unneeded items that start with me. Why? Why do you think that is? When I talk to friends about this hike, they ask questions that sound crazy to me. “Do you have a gun?” “What weapons will you carry?” “Aren’t you taking more clothes than that?” From their perspective, they wouldn’t feel safe without a gun or a weapon or extra clothing. They would be willing to carry extra because it would make them feel safe. I did the same when I started the Appalachian Trail. The question is, what are my fears now? What am I choosing to put in my pack that is just based on fear and not a necessity? What is in my bus right now that is based on fear and not reality? The reality is that we as humans need very little to survive. Access to clean water, food (and not as much food as you think), a very basic shelter and a way to keep warm. Not much more than that. There are hikers who have sub five pound packs and hike crazy, long distances. There are vagabonds/ nomads who live their lives with what they can easily carry. | Mid | [
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Q: how to test if website search is working fine using selenium script I have to create one selenium script for testing if website search is working fine or not. On searching any content, results are displayed. But on UI no tags are displayed which i can capture for validation. Please suggest an approach for validating if search results are correctly displayed. A: You can take the entire search results in a List, iterate through each element in the list and validate whether it is correct or not depending on the initial few starting characters[words] of the word[sentence] | Mid | [
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This article originally appeared on VICE Asia. When 60-year-old surfer Nick Minogue was attacked by a shark off the coast of New Zealand on Saturday morning, he responded with the kind of frank assertiveness that one can only hope to achieve in times of extreme distress: by telling the animal to “fuck off” and punching it in the eye. Minogue, an Auckland local, was surfing at Pauanui Beach on north island's east coast when, at about 11:30AM, a specimen that is thought to have been a three-metre long great white sunk its teeth into the front of his board, the NZ Herald reports. "I was quite a long way out, there was quite a solid swell running, I was just paddling along and got hit on the side of my elbow and forearm," said Minogue. "By the time I realised what was going on, its teeth were definitely latched on to the front section of the board." In the midst of the fracas, Minogue remembered an oft-cited piece of advice regarding self-defence in the event of a shark attack: namely, that sharks hate it when you hit them in the nose or the eye. "So I actually shouted at it 'fuck off!' and went to punch it in the eye and missed,” he recalled. “Then I pulled my fist back and shouted 'fuck off!' again and got it right smack-bang in the eye. "In between the two punches it crunched down a bit more on the board and then disengaged its teeth, got its jaws off, and then I got brushed by the dorsal fin and the tail fin and swam off." Minogue paddled back into shore with blood dripping out of the sleeve of his wetsuit, and said he was "definitely bumped by something" on his way back in. He later discovered that two teeth had put holes in his wetsuit, one of them puncturing the skin of his arm. “Thankfully it wasn't too deep,” he said. "I've still got an arm and fingers, it could have been a lot worse.” Clinton Duffy, a marine scientist at the Department of Conservation, said "the photograph of the bite to the board is consistent with a fairly small white shark, aka white pointer, great white", according to the NZ Herald, while shark scientist Riley Elliott also noted that Minogue’s description of the animal matched that of a great white. "It was a grey shark with a white bottom, probably a great white,” Minogue said. “It was a big head and jaw. I kind of sat up in shock and decided to hit it. That was the only thing to do." | Mid | [
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1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to liquid metering devices for use in metering the flow of viscous fluids and is more particularly concerned with devices for metering the flow of ink being fed under pressure from a storage vessel to a printing press. 2. Description of the Prior Art Fluid flow meters are well-known in the art and have been widely used to measure flow of liquids such as water, oil, fuels, hydraulic fluids and the like. Such meters include glass tube variable area meters, turbine meters, ultrasonic meters, coriolis effect meters and the like. However, such meters are generally unsatisfactory for use in metering the flow of relatively viscous materials such as printing inks which generally have viscosities in the range of about 100 to 200 poise. Main U.S. Pat. 4,042,149 describes a liquid pump and metering system for use with hot asphalt, a relatively viscous material which is difficult to handle. The system employs a first positive displacement pump which is responsible for pumping fluid within the system and a second positive displacement pump through which the fluid is pumped in a direction which is the reverse of that in which the second pump would normally operate. The second pump acts as a metering device the rate of rotation of the rotatable portion of the pump being a measure of liquid flow therethrough. The rate of rotation in question is sensed by a device mounted on the exterior of the pump shaft and signals generated by the device are processed by electronic means to determine rate of fluid flow. Krygeris U.S. Pat. 3,835,777 discloses a method of controlling ink supply to a printing press by employing sensors to monitor the density of ink being deposited on the material being printed. Signals generated by the sensors are compared with signals representing upper and lower limits of range of the desired density and control signals are derived to correct any deviation from the desired range. Rodvelt U.S. Pat. 4,524,692 teaches controlling the amount of ink transferred to the ink train in a printing press. The system includes a fountain roller in contact with the ink supply and a ductor roller which can be moved between the ink train and fountain roller. The control mechanism involves sensing the interval of rotational movement of the fountain roller when in contact with the ductor roller as a measure of the amount of ink transferred to the ink train. Fluid metering systems not specifically directed to use with viscous fluids such as ink but employing various types of sensing devices for detecting flow rates are disclosed in U.S. Pats. 4,520,677; 3,780,579; 3,906,198; 4,120,032; and 4,413,264. It has now been found that the amount of relatively viscous fluids being supplied to a system, such as ink passing through feed lines such as those connecting a source of ink to a printing press, can be determined accurately and conveniently using a method and apparatus which will be described hereinbelow. | Mid | [
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Angiogenesis. The formation of new blood vessels, angiogenesis, is a complex process which is central to normal development and homeostasis. However, uncontrolled angiogenesis plays a critical role in both inflammatory and neoplastic disorders. Our understanding of angiogenesis has expanded greatly over the past two decades due to the development of in vivo and in vitro models to study this important process. A variety of cytokines and growth factors have been shown to induce new blood vessel formation in vivo, and in vitro studies have been able to define whether agents have direct or indirect effects upon vascular endothelial cells. Our improved understanding of the mechanisms which regulate angiogenesis has now created important opportunities for the development of new therapies for the treatment of inflammatory and neoplastic skin disease. | High | [
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Ravichandran Ashwin was unbeaten on 57 for India on second day in Mohali. (Source: AP) Half-centuries by Virat Kohli, Cheteshwar Pujara and Ravichandran Ashwin kept India on course for a first innings lead after England made a spirited comeback on day two of the third Test on Sunday. Advertising Having bowled out England for 283 earlier in the morning, India looked in charge at 148-2 at tea before Adil Rashid’s double strike jolted the hosts who lost three wickets in 19 balls to slump to 156-5. Ashwin enhanced his new-found batting reputation with an unbeaten 57 while all-rounder Ravindra Jadeja was batting on 31 at stumps with India trailing by 12 runs. Paceman Mohammed Shami claimed the last two English wickets earlier in the morning as the tourists added 15 runs to their overnight score before being dismissed for 283. Advertising Murali Vijay walked out with Parthiv Patel, his third opening partner of the series, to lead India’s reply and it turned out to be an eventful yet brief stay for the right-hander. Vijay survived an obstructing-the-field appeal, was dropped by Jos Buttler and the batsman eventually walked off, nicking a harmless Ben Stokes delivery even though umpire Chris Gaffaney did not spot the nick. Rashid, in his next over, trapped the scoreless Ajinkya Rahane leg-before with a googly and Karun Nair’s Test debut was soured after his almighty mix-up with Kohli. Buttler was outstanding at backward point, diving to stop the ball and then throwing down the stumps to send back Nair for four. Kohli showed tremendous restraint for major part of his knock, especially as England attacked him with a heavily-packed off-side, but he eventually fell to a soft dismissal, edging Stokes behind the wicket. Kohli’s 62 included nine boundaries. Advertising Ashwin hit eight boundaries in his unbeaten knock, having raised 67 runs with Jadeja for the seventh wicket. | Mid | [
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Morning Rundown: Penalty kill 'deteriorating' LOS ANGELES -- It was one of the few things that was working this season under Randy Carlyle but now it even has become a problem area with Bruce Boudreau now behind the Ducks' bench. The Ducks had improved their penalty killing to a point where they were pushing for top-five status in the NHL but it has fallen off sharply in the transition to Boudreau and his system. They're still at 82.5 percent in terms of conversion rate but they've allowed teams to score 10 power-play goals in 32 chances since Boudreau's debut against Philadelphia. Taking a more serious tone ahead of Thursday night's game against the Kings at Staples Center, Boudreau said he still in the process who his best penalty killers are and then noted the absence of center Saku Koivu. Koivu will miss his sixth consecutive game because of a strained groin muscle. "With Koivu out, it's been a big problem," Boudreau said. "Because he takes faceoffs. I think the biggest thing, if I'm looking at it, is wnning the faceoff. Because you win the first faceoff, it kills 25 to 30 seconds. It allows things to settle down. The second thing is I've noticed is when we do get control of the puck, we're not clearing it. "That's a killer. When you're on the ice for 30 seconds and you're 20 seconds in your zone and you're running around and then you do get possession and you don't clear it, then you're in your own zone for another 20 seocnds. That's when bad things happen to you. Those are the two things we have to correct." The Ducks' propensity to take ill-timed penalties have also hurt, most notably in their last game against Dallas where Corey Perry and Toni Lydman both went to the box to give the Stars consecutive two-man advantages and extended power-play time that they were able to convert twice on in a 5-3 win. "When you're tired in life, you make mistakes," he said. "If you're out at work for 14 hours, that's when you make mistakes. It's everybody. You've got to be able to get fresh legs on. And that's why you'd like to get four changes in the penalty kill. You'd like for guys not to be on for any longer than 30 seconds. "But when you start staying on 45 and 50 seconds, you're going to make mistakes. [On the power play] when you're going on offense, you don't seem to get tired. But when you're defending, it's a lot more tiring." Bad penalties and the inability to get the puck down the ice consistently ultimately lead to exhausted players that are stuck on the ice, who are further exposed when opponents can take their time and set up shop in the offensive end. "It can wear on you a little bit," Ducks winger Andrew Gordon said. "You want those clears. The longer they have possession, the more confidence they're building with every tick of the clock. Often times, you see a team gets hemmed in for minute, minute and a half and there's a goal at the end of it. Because the four guys are getting so tired." Gordon also noted the other key parts of a successful kill that the Ducks need to do better -- eliminating second-chance opportunities and not allowing teams to gain the blue line and setting up. But one big key is winning faceoffs and Boudreau hopes that Koivu can return for next Thursday's home game against Vancouver. "Right now with the faceoffs, it's a little more difficult when you're best faceoff man isn't here and you're second guy that was your second-best statistically [Maxime Macenauer] is sent to the minors," he said. -- In addition to Emerson Etem and John Gibson playing for the U.S. and Devante Smith-Pelly being one of the leaders for Canada, the Ducks have three other prospects that will compete for Sweden in next week's World Junior Championships. Right wing Rickard Rakell, the Ducks' first-round pick in 2011, center William Karlsson and left wing Max Friberg will all play for Tre Kronor. Rakell is in his second Ontario Hockey League season and leads the Plymouth Whalers with 17 goals. Karlsson and Friberg are playing in their homeland this season. -- Here are the expected line combinations and defense pairings for the Ducks against the Kings: User Agreement Keep it civil and stay on topic. No profanity, vulgarity, racial slurs or personal attacks. People who harass others or joke about tragedies will be blocked. By posting your comment, you agree to allow Orange County Register Communications, Inc. the right to republish your name and comment in additional Register publications without any notification or payment. | Mid | [
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Q: Degree of closure of $\mathbb{Q}_p$ In order to prove that algebraic closure of $\mathbb{Q}_p$ is infinite, I took the polynomial $x^n-p$ with $n>1$ over $\mathbb{Q}_p$ to show that this eqaution has no solution for infinite cases to get the result but I want to make one part of the proof precise. It's clear that $x^2-p$ has no solution in the field so we adjoin $\sqrt{p}$ to get $\mathbb{Q}_p(\sqrt{p})$. For higher powers of $n$, clearly $p^{1/n}$ is not contained in $\mathbb{Q}_p$ but how do we show that $p^{1/n}$ is not contained in the extensions with smaller $n$? For instance how do we show that $\sqrt[3]{p}\notin \mathbb{Q}_p(\sqrt{p})$? Addendum: Reading Prof. Conrad's comment is helpful for the discussion. A: The $p$-adic valuation extends uniquely to any finite extension of $\mathbf Q_p$. Remark that $v_p(p^{1/n})=1/n$, so $v_p(\mathbf Q_p(p^{1/n})^\times) = 1/n\cdot\mathbf Z$. In particular, the field $\mathbf Q_p(p^{1/n})$ cannot be embedded in $\mathbf Q_p(p^{1/m})$ unless $n|m$. If you just want to show that $\overline{\mathbf Q_p}$ is not finite over $\mathbf Q_p$, then Keenan's method is the easiest. But there's a funny way to hit this simple statement very hard with the theory of real closed fields. According to a theorem, if $F$ is a non-algebraically closed field whose algebraic closure $\overline{F}$ is finite over $F$, then $F$ is elementarily equivalent to the real numbers. Since $x^2-p$ splits over $\mathbf R$ but not over $\mathbf Q_p$, it follows that $\overline{\mathbf Q_p}/\mathbf Q_p$ is an infinite extension! A: I assume you mean that you want to show the algebraic closure is of infinite degree over $\mathbf{Q}_p$. It's then enough to show that $\mathbf{Q}_p$ admits finite extensions of arbitrary degree (if an algebraic closure of $\mathbf{Q}_p$ has finite degree $n$, note that it contains a finite extension of degree larger than $n$, a contradiction). For this it's enough to observe that $x^n-p$ is irreducible over $\mathbf{Q}_p$ for all $n\geq 1$ by Eisenstein's criterion ($p$ is prime in the UFD $\mathbf{Z}_p$). | Mid | [
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Q: How to handle 3rd party JARs and remote repository in Maven POM? I'm using a Maven dependency that requires setting up a remote repository. In the same project, I'm using a custom built JAR and trying to add it as a dependency as well. The problem is that I get errors saying that Maven cannot find my custom JAR in the remote repository. In my POM I have multiple dependencies, including my custom built dependency and the dependency requiring the remote repository (confluent). I have tried putting my custom dependency first in the POM and that did not help. I tried removing the repository from the POM and I don't get the error about my custom built dependency, but I get an error for the remote one. I'm running the code in a Maven Docker container. I've tried running the Docker container with a Bash shell and without the Maven commands, then manually ran the Maven commands inside the container, and manually checked the ~/.m2/repository and confirmed that my custom built JAR is in there. Ran an interactive Maven container: docker run -it --rm --name ProcessedObsGen -v "$(pwd)":/usr/src/mymaven \ -w /usr/src/mymaven maven:3.3-jdk-8 /bin/bash Inside the Docker container: mvn clean install:install-file \ -Dfile=/usr/src/mymaven/libs/daas-utilities-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar \ -DgroupId=atlas -DartifactId=daas-utilities -Dversion=0.0.1-SNAPSHOT -Dpackaging=jar mvn exec:java -Dexec.mainClass="atlas.processed_obs_generator.App" ls ~/.m2/repository pom.xml <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>atlas</groupId> <artifactId>processed-obs-generator</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>processed-obs-generator</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId> <artifactId>kafka-clients</artifactId> <version>0.10.2.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.avro</groupId> <artifactId>avro</artifactId> <version>1.9.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>1.7.25</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>atlas.daas-utilities</groupId> <artifactId>daas-utilities</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.confluent</groupId> <artifactId>kafka-avro-serializer</artifactId> <version>5.0.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <repositories> <repository> <id>confluent</id> <url>https://packages.confluent.io/maven/</url> </repository> </repositories> </project> I run the code as a Docker container with the command: docker run -it --rm --name ProcessedObsGen -v "$(pwd)":/usr/src/mymaven \ -w /usr/src/mymaven maven:3.3-jdk-8 mvn clean install:install-file \ -Dfile=/usr/src/mymaven/libs/daas-utilities-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar \ -DgroupId=atlas -DartifactId=daas-utilities -Dversion=0.0.1-SNAPSHOT -Dpackaging=jar; \ mvn exec:java -Dexec.mainClass="atlas.processed_obs_generator.App" I get the error: Failed to execute goal on project processed-obs-generator: Could not resolve dependencies for project atlas:processed-obs-generator:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT: Could not find artifact atlas.daas-utilities:daas-utilities:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT in confluent (https://packages.confluent.io/maven/) I've also tried downloading the confluent jar, putting it in the same location that I'm putting my custom jar, installing it the same way, and removing the remote repository from my pom. Then I get errors with the confluent classes I'm using saying ClassNotFoundException. A: I was able to solve it. I rebuilt my utilities jar with dependencies included. Please see Including dependencies in a jar with Maven. I kept my pom pretty much the same, although I removed some dependencies not being used. <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>atlas</groupId> <artifactId>daas-utilities</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.confluent</groupId> <artifactId>kafka-avro-serializer</artifactId> <version>5.0.0</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <repositories> <repository> <id>confluent</id> <url>https://packages.confluent.io/maven/</url> </repository> </repositories> I placed my custom built jar in ${project.basedir}/libs. I adjusted the maven commands in my docker run command to include my jar with dependencies. I also figured out that the mvn install:install-file ... is only installing the jar and is not (as I assumed) also installing your project. So, I added another mvn clean install command at the end before I executed it. docker run -it --rm --name ProcessedObsGen -v "$(pwd)":/usr/src/mymaven -w /usr/src/mymaven maven:3.3-jdk-8 mvn clean install:install-file -Dfile=/usr/src/mymaven/libs/daas-utilities-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT-jar-with-dependencies.jar -DgroupId=atlas -DartifactId=daas-utilities -Dversion=0.0.1-SNAPSHOT -Dpackaging=jar; mvn clean install; mvn exec:java -Dexec.mainClass="atlas.processed_obs_generator.App" | Mid | [
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Electrical connectors of the type having a C-shaped body member having converging channels and a complementary wedge member have been known conventionally for many years and are disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 1,801,277; 4,415,222; 4,606,264; 5,006,081; and 5,145,420; all of which are herein incorporated by reference. Basically, for these wedge type connectors, two uninsulated conductors are electrically and mechanically connected by being pressed into and against interior curved surfaces or channels provided in a C-shaped body member. The pressing is provided by a wedge being driven longitudinally into the C-shaped body member between the conductors. These known wedge connectors have been successfully used in the power utility industry for large diameter cable where the C-shaped body members are massive enough to exert a resilient, compressive force against the cables trapped in the channels of the C-shaped body members by the wedge. It is desirable to provide a wedge type connector which can provide the same compressive forces against the wire and the wedge, but using a lesser amount of material than the prior art wedge type connectors. | Mid | [
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Doctor Who: A Nightmare in Silver – Review (7.5/10) Like Journey to the Centre of the TARDIS, this episode was burdened with perhaps an unfair level of expectation for two reasons. Firstly, the return of the Cybermen. But more importantly than that, the fact that Neil Gaiman was writing the episode. Of course it didn’t do anything to numb my excitement that Coraline, Neverwhere, and Anansi Boys are some of my all time favorite reads. Factor in that Gaiman also wrote series 6’s sublime The Doctors Wife (probably the best episode of New Who) and watching the episode was more a case of “how shit you’re not” rather than “how good are you?”. So get the most boring and unfair part out of the way before I review the episode on its own merits: Yes, I was expecting a lot more from Gaiman. Unfair, I know, but there it is. Moving on… The main draw of the episode for me was the upgraded Cybermen. I was never a fan of the stompy Cybus variety, they looked too much like plain old robots and never really hammered home the point that Cybermen are supposed to be us. These new chaps are much more muscular and humanlike. A welcome new look after the misfire that were the rainbow Daleks. The fan boy in me also adores the facial resemblance to the Tomb of the Cybermen model. But besides a new look, it was the fact that they were a real threat again which delighted me. In my opinion the Cybermen haven’t been taken seriously since the Daleks laid a smack down on them all the way back in Doomsday. Here are a race that can move at super speed, sneak up on you, turn their heads exorcist style and upgrade to overcome any weakness. I’d be interested to see the Daleks take on these Cybermen. Sadly, the scariest thing about the episode were the child actors though. The girl in particular was such an infuriating little shit that I found it a struggle to care about her at all. Not good when they’re meant to be in peril. Thankfully, they didn’t take up too much screen time, or this episode could have been a hell of a lot worse. Matt Smith nailed his internal struggle with the Cyber Planner (sadly not the most threatening name going). It’s always good to see a slightly darker side to Eleven, although I do think it could have been a little darker. Ah well, any internal battle which has a brief slideshow of all 11 Doctors does me just fine. Warwick Davis was great, more of him please. The other soldiers were forgettable and ever so slightly annoying though it was cool to see Clara take charge of the situation. The way she knew it wasn’t the Doctor because he’d never admit how he felt was a nice moment too. Overall, the Cybermen are scary again. If nothing else this episode achieved that, so that’s cool. It was a fun enough romp but I doubt it’ll stay in the memory for as long as something like… I dunno… The Doctor’s Wife? (sorry). As a closing remark, I would just like to point out that the fantastic Jason Watkins was wasted as the eccentric park manager. He could have been a fantastic Master, or in my ideal world, The Doctor. Go ahead and watch him again with that in mind. I dare you to tell me I’m wrong. | Mid | [
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Antibodies against human neutrophil LECAM-1 (LAM-1/Leu-8/DREG-56 antigen) and endothelial cell ELAM-1 inhibit a common CD18-independent adhesion pathway in vitro. Neutrophil adhesion to interleukin-1 (IL-1)-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) involves the CD18 family of leukocyte integrins (lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 [LFA-1], Mac-1, and p150,95) and LECAM-1 (DREG-56/LEU-8/LAM-1 antigen) on neutrophils and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 (ELAM-1) on the endothelium. In this study, we compare CD18-independent adhesion pathways mediated by neutrophil LECAM-1 and endothelial ELAM-1 and find that these two pathways overlap in a variety of assays: (1) anti-LECAM-1 and anti-ELAM-1 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) inhibit neutrophil binding to HUVEC, and the inhibitory effect is not additive; (2) anti-LECAM-1 MoAb, like anti-ELAM-1 MoAb, inhibits neutrophil binding to HUVEC stimulated for 3 hours with IL-1, but not to HUVEC stimulated for 8 hours, by which time ELAM-1 expression is downregulated; (3) anti-ELAM-1 MoAb has no effect on transendothelial migration, a CD18-dependent, LECAM-1-independent neutrophil function. Interestingly, anti-ELAM MoAb has a reduced but significant inhibitory effect on the adhesion of activated neutrophils that have shed their cell-surface LECAM-1. We also show that neutrophil binding to ELAM-1-transfected L cells is inhibited not only by anti-ELAM-1 but also by anti-LECAM-1 MoAb. These results suggest that LECAM-1 and ELAM-1 can operate in the same adhesion pathway, possibly as a receptor-counterreceptor pair. LECAM-1 and ELAM-1 are likely to interact with other ligands as well, perhaps through carbohydrate determinants that modify more than one glycoprotein. | Mid | [
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Büttner krijgt aanbieding uit Eredivisie: ‘Gaat over een meerjarig contract’ Vitesse is achter de schermen druk bezig om Alexander Büttner deze maand terug naar Arnhem te halen. Volgens de Gelderlander heeft de Eredivisionist zondag een contractvoorstel neergelegd bij de 27-jarige linksback, die zich er nog over moet beraden met zaakwaarnemer Aleksandar Bursac. Het nieuws wordt bevestigd door de belangenbehartiger zelf. "We hebben over de sportieve en financiële kant gesproken", legt Bursac uit aan de regionale krant. "Nu ligt er een concreet voorstel. Dit gaat over een meerjarig contract. Boven alles wil Alexander gaan voetballen. Vitesse voelt vertrouwd aan en de Eredivisie is een mooie etalage." Het aflopende contract van Büttner bij Dynamo Moskou is ontbonden, waardoor de vleugelverdediger transfervrij kan overstappen. Eerder deze week temperde algemeen directeur Joost de Wit de verwachtingen nog: hij stelde dat er slechts eenmaal contact was geweest met het kamp-Büttner. Intussen lijkt de interesse dus uiterst concreet. Tussen 2007 en 2012 speelde de linkspoot reeds in GelreDome, waarna hij vertrok naar Manchester United. | Mid | [
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Randomized trial of stent placed above and across the sphincter of Oddi in malignant bile duct obstruction. Placement of stents above an intact sphincter of Oddi might prevent migration of bacteria and deposition of organic material into the stent. In patients with malignant obstructive jaundice prolongation of function time of the stent would be expected if it is placed above the sphincter of Oddi. Thirty-four patients were randomized to stent placement either above (n = 17) or across (n = 17) the sphincter of Oddi. Straight 10F gauge Teflon stents were used. The patients were evaluated clinically and biochemically at monthly intervals during follow-up. The median stent function time (i.e., the time from insertion of the stent until stent replacement, patient death, or study termination) were 110 days (25th to 75th percentiles, 61 to 320 days) for stents placed above the sphincter of Oddi and 126 days (25th to 75th percentiles, 89 to 175 days) for stents placed across the sphincter of Oddi (nonsignificant [NS]). Stent replacement rates were 58.8% (10 of 17) in patients with stents placed above the sphincter and 29.4% (5 of 17) in patients with stents placed across the sphincter (NS). Significantly more patients in the former group experienced stent migration (9 vs. 2, p = 0.026). The median time from stent insertion until replacement of the stents placed above and across the sphincter of Oddi were 82 days (25th to 75th percentiles, 31 to 185 days) and 89 days (25th to 75th percentiles, 13 to 150 days), respectively (NS). No significant difference in overall stent performance between the two groups was found, although more stents placed above the sphincter of Oddi migrated. The time until dysfunction of the stent might be increased if migration of stents placed inside the common bile duct could be avoided. | Mid | [
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100% WWS Part 1: Jacobson’s New Study Displaces 99.7% Fossil Energy With Massive Savings December 20th, 2019 by Michael Barnard A small handful of years ago, Mark Z. Jacobson, Mark A. Delucchi and the team in Stanford released a study showing the electrical generation mix for 139 countries worldwide using wind, water, and solar (WWS), along with a few hangers-on. The usual suspects were up in arms immediately, as nuclear and carbon capture and sequestration were noticeably absent from the mix. 21 of them wrote a critique and fireworks ensued. Well, expect more fireworks. Jacobson and team have just released a new study covering 143 countries representing 99.7% of fossil fuel CO2 emissions. It’s an update and maintains the mix of technologies, omitting nuclear and CCS. Expect more pushback from people who don’t accept the empirical realities related to those technologies. My assessment of various aspects of the report will be broken down into three chunks of roughly equal size around specific subsets of the topic. The first covers the economics. The second covers interesting edge elements of storage and transmission, highlighting the inherently conservative approach the study takes in its projections. The third covers a couple of elements of the ongoing PR war over our necessary transformation away from fossil fuels and the inevitable dominance of renewables. This study comes out after the UN IPCC 1.5 degree Celsius reports, and along with the GND, that means it reflects 2030 targets more explicitly, with at least 80% WWS by that point. Fossil fuel lobbyists continue to appear in droves at climate conferences globally, spreading delays. Certainly COP25 ended poorly, in large part due to their ongoing efforts to create uncertainty and doubt where there is none. The approach I’ll take is to pull out specific quotes from the report and tear them apart a bit, providing context and what additional insights and color I’m able to. All quotes, unless otherwise stated, are from the newly published study. “WWS reduces end-use energy by 57.1%, aggregate private energy costs from $17.7 to $6.8 26 trillion/yr (61%), and aggregate social (private plus health plus climate) costs from $76.1 to $6.8 trillion/yr (91%) at a present value capital cost of ~$73 trillion. […] 38.3 percentage points are due to the efficiency of using WWS electricity over combustion; 12.1 percentage points are due to eliminating energy in the mining, transporting, and refining of fossil fuels; and 6.6 percentage points are due to end-use energy efficiency improvements and reduced energy use beyond those in BAU.” This pulls together text from early in the report with text from later. Let’s start with the end-use energy reduction portion of this and one of CleanTechnica’s favorite diagrams, possibly the most repeated image that isn’t a Tesla, LLNL’s energy flows. The important point that this graphic makes is that we throw away a lot of energy as we pull primary energy into our energy ecosystem, convert it to secondary forms of energy and then either use the entirety of the energy in energy services (lower right box) or rejected energy (upper right box). The majority of the rejected energy is from waste heat from combustion. Jacobson’s methodology is simply to eliminate the waste heat, limit the inefficiencies to the much smaller ones associated with renewable energy generation of electricity, transmission and use. He and his team have a transparent calculation for what total demand will be in 2050 based on this, and it’s much, much smaller than current total energy for our economies world wide. The second point is that of course this will cost a lot less, 61% less for private energy generation and distribution annually. Renewable electricity is really cheap, which means that people and companies motivated by maximizing revenue and profits don’t necessarily like it, part of our systemic challenge in addressing climate change. His team’s calculation is that we’ll spend about $11 trillion less on energy every year due to this transition, and when we start talking trillions of dollars, we are actually talking about real money. Some countries such as Iceland, which have already done all the heavy lifting and which are showing us the way forward, have very little more that they need to spend. Massive countries with a lot of legacy fossil fuel generation still in place, such as the United States and China, will have to spend more, but also have massively larger economies to pay for it. The social costs point is critical to understand for policy and politics. The comparison to make is between the black line at the top and the green line at the bottom of this chart, the total social costs by country under the business as usual and wind, water, solar model. This makes visual the 91% reduction in uncosted negative externalities. As does the IMF with its subsidy calculations, Jacobson and team tie in costing of negative externalities, which are much higher than most people realize. The IMF US calculations for the implicit annual subsidy of fossil fuels by not pricing negative externalities was more money than the US annual defense budget, $649 billion. Jacobson et al., calculate a reduction in negative externalities — not elimination — by about $69 trillion a year. For context, global GDP is about $85 trillion annually. We are consuming human lives and the environment at a rate almost equal to the total acknowledged economy due to the use of fossil fuels. The last point is that the transition over 30 years would cost money, of course, $73 trillion. And $73 trillion over 30 years is about $2.4 trillion per year, a long way under the savings on private energy alone and a drop in the bucket compared to the $76.1 trillion annual negative externalities. I’ve done less sophisticated calculations to cross-verify this a few times in the past decade, and the scale of the numbers are correct. “Air heating and cooling will be performed with ground-, air-, or water-source electric heat pumps. Hot water will be generated with heat pumps, in some cases with an electric resistance element for low temperatures, and with solar hot water heaters. Cook stoves will be electric induction. Clothes dryers will all be electric. […] Electric arc furnaces, induction furnaces, dielectric heaters, and resistance heaters will provide high temperatures for industrial processes.” The last point is into the electrification of everything. I’ve gone deep on residential, commercial and industrial provision of heating and cooling this year as well. In addition to assessing energy demands and options for a 100,000 square foot carbon neutral greenhouse in the Canadian Prairies and working out ground-sourced heat pump requirements, I’ve assessed residential savings with heat pumps compared to carbon-priced natural gas furnaces. I’m engaged with a team launching a data-first commercial building heat pump deployment organization in North America. I’ve also looked at industrial heat requirements for concrete and more recently the Solvay Process and mining emissions for the two primary sources of sodium carbonate, a massive global industrial feedstock, as well as poking at steel manufacturing. All necessary heat of every quality is easily achieved from electricity and the technologies it enables. The challenge here is that for industrial scale heat, it’s more expensive than burning very cheap coal or natural gas. Carbon pricing will increase the cost of this rapidly, and as electricity will be much cheaper, it’s likely that the operation cost curves will start converging rapidly in a WWS world with even minimal costs on carbon. Once again, Jacobson and his team have done an excellent job showing that a 100% renewables, very low carbon electrical supply of all energy needs is easily achievable. Appreciate CleanTechnica’s originality? Consider becoming a CleanTechnica member, supporter, or ambassador — or a patron on Patreon. Sign up for our free daily newsletter or weekly newsletter to never miss a story. Have a tip for CleanTechnica, want to advertise, or want to suggest a guest for our CleanTech Talk podcast? Contact us here. Latest Cleantech Talk Episode | Mid | [
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Package: firefox-3.6.7-1.fc13 Architecture: i686 OS Release: Fedora release 13 (Goddard) How to reproduce ----- 1. Tried to play quakelive on quakelive.com 2. Started a game 3. Firefox crashed just as the game was starting | Low | [
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wet n wild MegaSlicks Lip Gloss Description Add shine, color, and moisturizing luster to lips with this amazing ultra-glossy formula. This high-shine formula will leave a long-lasting sheen on your lips. Can be worn alone or over lipstick to boost shine. PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS "I like them ! Hahahahaha I like them a lot ! I'm not a huge lip gloss wearer but I do wear them. And I've been buying them since I was in high school . The colors are so pretty and the shiny pearl ones and gorgeous " in 59 reviews "I really like wet n wild lip gloss. They have a nice smell to them and they're pretty long lasting. " in 22 reviews Wet n wild in my opinion is a brand people really underestimate! I am a huge fan of their lip sticks/glosses. They have always delivered on what my exceptions for lip sticks should be, which are: application, formula & longevity. They apply super smooth & I’m not constantly reapplying it through out the day. Because come on girls? Who has time to be constantly checking their lips to make sure the product is still there? Overall I love em! This product is not discontinued. I literally bought it from walmart yesterday. I love the color and the shine. It makes my lips look full. It was only a dollar something and went on nicely over my pink lipstick and it pairs nicely with my foundation. I love it. ❤😍 I don't know how I've never tried this before! I seriously only picked a tube up because my local drugstrore had a BOGO deal on Wet N Wild, but I am so glad I did! It's so comfortable for one. Seriously such a comfortable product to wear. It's not goopy, or thick. I have a berry color that's opaque but not in your face. The gloss has a light shine...muted but not boring... And it has a really decent wear time! I did not expect that at all. Because I consider myself a lip gloss connoisseur, I truly believe I can highlight where this gloss goes right and wrong. Price point? Perfect; especially when I’ve realized I left my ride or die gloss at home and need a quick backup from Walmart. Comfort? Wet n Wild has literally mastered the art of gloss not being too sticky, without making it too oily or runny either. But the downfall comes to the packaging. The stopper leaves no room for the applicator to be fully coated with product, so I find myself constantly packing on the gloss to get the look I want or having to reapply throughout the day. If they were to change the packaging to a tube, this truly could be a banger! WARNING: For the love of God, please don’t make the mistake I did and remove the stopper because it only causes for a mess. I love this lip gloss!!!! The glitter in it is insane! It’s like when you were a kid and got a sparkly lipgloss from Claire’s or something but half the price of kiddie make up! Of course since it is a gloss, it’s VERY glossy, I assume to assure glitter on your lips in one application. I don’t recommend this lip gloss on a day you have your hair down if it can hit your lips. But other than that I really enjoy the sparkle I get from this gloss. This wet n wild lipgloss is a beautiful shade of wine red. The color looks very pretty and very glossy. The staying power is normal and as expected for a lip gloss. What I didn't like is how it would run off of my lips a little while wearing it. It is harder to wipe off of the face. Most lip glosses you can just wipe the run off easily but not this one. Got the job done. Not my favorite its not not my type at allive used it a few times its a backup if one gets lost that I love ok packaging ok and goodoooooogood priceok and good ok and good ok sajejdndjsjdjdyes I mean no lolhabababahaabahbafree srupff m This product, let me tell you is the most wonderful lipgloss that will leave your lips soft and moisturized. The world will fall in love with this gloss and the color is a lovely pink that will add a little tint to your lips I really like this lip gloss. Now, just a disclaimer: most lip gloss formulas aren't meant to be long- wearing. That being said, this gloss wears well and smells so good (it reminds me of candy). I have used the shear shades as well as the more pigmented shades. I have to say, both varieties I've tried are nice. The shear shades add high shine without being sticky. The more opaque shades are pretty good but I wouldn't use a vast amount of product during application. Just a few swipes will do just fine. Otherwise the opaque shades display visual bleeding outside the lip line. Overall, the price is good, they look and feel wonderful. Wet n Wild has such good lip glosses and they're so affordable they're about a dollar 99 for each lip gloss I love this one it's super pigmented and it has beautiful gloss has a huge range of lip glosses from just sheer to really shimmery or two who don't like Shimmer and it's a very good brand for lip glosses wet n wild MegaSlicks Lip Gloss By WET N WILD Product Details Add shine, color, and moisturizing luster to lips with this amazing ultra-glossy formula. This high-shine formula will leave a long-lasting sheen on your lips. Can be worn alone or over lipstick to boost shine. | Low | [
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This invention relates to a disposable diaper for absorption and containment of excretion, and more particularly, to a disposable diaper having a three-dimensional section for receiving feces. Japanese Patent Application Disclosure No. 1993-305109 describes a disposable diaper in which a topsheet intended to come in contact with the wearer""s skin is formed in its central zone with an opening shaped to be relatively long as viewed in its longitudinal direction. The opening is provided along its peripheral edge with an elastic element adapted to be elastic in the longitudinal direction. Japanese Patent Application Disclosure No. 1996-322878 describes a disposable diaper in which a liquid-absorbent core is divided in a crotch region in longitudinally front and rear sections spaced from each other by a desired distance. In the space left between these two sections, a topsheet and a backsheet are jointed to each other and a pair of flaps extend transversely to cover the space. The diaper described in the Japanese Patent Application Disclosure No. 1993-305109 intends to ensure that excretion discharged on the diaper reliably flows into the opening. However, such intention can not necessarily be achieved when the excretion is in the form of loose passage because, even if discharged onto the crotch region or the rear waist region of the diaper, such loose passage may spread over the topsheet into the front waist region and soil the urinogenital organs. The diaper described in the Japanese Patent Application Disclosure No. 1996-322878 intends to prevent loose passage from flowing into the front waist region. However, it is impossible for this known diaper to confine such loose passage in the vicinity of the spot onto which the loose passage has been discharged. As a result, the loose passage may spread over the topsheet in the crotch and rear waist regions. An object of this invention is provide a disposable diaper that is designed so that body wastes discharged thereon is reliably prevented not only from flowing into the front waist region but also from flowing and/or spreading in the crotch and rear waist regions. According to this invention, there is provided a disposable diaper having a front waist region, a rear waist region and a crotch region therebetween, the diaper comprising: a liquid-permeable topsheet, a liquid-impermeable backsheet and a liquid-absorbent core therebetween; a pair of elasticized gasket cuffs longitudinally extending outward from transversely opposite side edges of the core; a pair of elasticized barrier cuffs longitudinally extending adjacent the gasket cuffs on an upper surface of the diaper; and a feces receiving section extending at least partially across the crotch and the rear waist regions between the barrier cuffs, wherein the feces receiving section is defined by a pair of elasticized first barrier flaps transversely opposed to and spaced from each other and extending longitudinally of the diaper and a pair of elasticized second barrier flaps longitudinally opposed to and spaced each other and extending transversely between the first barrier flaps and connecting to the first barrier flaps. | Low | [
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Q: Как сделать скролл не страницы, а модального окна? Заказчик жалуется что у него модальное окно выглядит вот так делаю окно модалки вот для этого сайта №1 есть почти такой же сайт в нем заказчик говорит что у него мдальное окно выглядит нормально №2 в общем я решил переделать скролл(как сделано в сайте№2) чтобы при открывании модалки у body появлялось overflow-y: hidden -отключался скролл а у модального окна он появлялся свой скролл overflow-y: auto, как сделано в сайте №2. но не работает почему-то $(function(){ function showModal(id){ $(document.body).addClass('modal_hidden'); $(id).addClass('modal_active'); console.log(id); } function hideModals(){ $(document.body).removeClass('modal_hidden'); $('.modal').removeClass('modal_active'); } $(".button_modal").on('click', function(e){ console.log(e); showModal('#modal'); }); $(document).on('click', function(e){ if (!( ($(e.target).parents('.modal-block').length) || ($(e.target).hasClass('modal-block')) || ($(e.target).hasClass('button_modal'))) ) { hideModals(); } }); }); мне кажется проблема связана с тем что modal_active-hidden всегда находится на body, хотя должен появляться только при нажатии на модальное окно .modal position: fixed display: none left: 0 top: 0 width: 100% height: 100% background-color: rgba(#000, 0.7) +reg z-index: 2 overflow-x: hidden overflow-y: auto &_active display: flex flex-direction: column &-hidden overflow-y: hidden A: Могу предложить такой вариант body.overflow {
overflow-y: hidden;
}
.modal_wrap {
position: fixed;
top: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
left: 0;
z-index: 1000;
overflow-x: auto;
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.modal {
position: relative;
width: 300px;
z-index: 1001;
margin: 30px auto;
background: #000;
} <body class="overflow">
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text<br>Some text<br>Some text<br>Some text<br>Some text<br>
<div class="modal_wrap">
<div class="modal"><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
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Anne Davies (British journalist) Anne Christina Davies (born 15 March 1958) is a British television presenter and newsreader, currently presenting BBC East Midlands Today, alongside Dominic Heale. Television and radio Davies began work for BBC Current Affairs, working behind the scenes on Question Time, Panorama and The Money Programme. She moved to BBC Radio Leicester and BBC Radio Derby. Then, after training for a year on the ITN News Trainee Scheme, Anne became the regular newsreader for Central News East based in Nottingham. In 1993, she fronted the ITV Daytime Programme Look Good Feel Great with Diana Moran, the environmental series Earthdwellers Guide, and produced and presented fashion shows for the ITV network entitled Off The Peg. Anne then moved to GMTV, presenting the first breakfast programme with Eamonn Holmes. By April she was presenting Sunday Best with Mike Morris. She left this show by January 1994. Between 1994 and 1998 she read the news for the News Hour, presented her own Cookery strand and the GMTV House, provided cover for Lorraine Kelly, and fronted Sunday Review. Outside television Davies has written numerous articles for national magazines including Woman's Weekly, My Weekly and Babycare & Pregnancy. In 1999 and 1991, she appeared at the Drury Lane Theatre in two special celebrity pantomimes for the Duchess of York's charity. She is the voice of the on-board bus announcements for Trent Barton's Indigo service. She recorded her voice for the service in 2008. References External links Anne Davies TV East Midlands Today TV Ark Profile, indicating birth in March 1958, checkcompany.co.uk Category:1958 births Category:Living people Category:People educated at Guildford High School Category:People from Sutton, London Category:BBC newsreaders and journalists Category:ITV regional newsreaders and journalists Category:GMTV presenters and reporters Category:People from Countesthorpe | High | [
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As a lens for current bifocal eyeglasses, a progressive lens is widely known. The progressive lens is also referred to as “no-line bifocal lens”, where a far-vision region for looking at something in the distance, a near-vision region for looking at something near (presbyopia part), and an intermediate region are disposed in one lens. The intermediate region is a region in which, from diopter power (hereafter referred to as eyeglass degree) of the far-vision region to the eyeglass degree of the near-vision region, the eyeglass degree is progressively changed. For example, refractive power is changed by a method disclosed in Patent Document 1. Patent Document 1: JP-A-09-159976 In these progressive lenses, the eyeglass degree changes in a non-step manner from the far to the near, thereby providing an advantage in that any distance can be focussed with one lens. Also, since there is no boundary in the outer appearance, a so-called sense of agedness is absent, so that it is excellent in fashion property. | High | [
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Maryland Route 146 Maryland Route 146 (MD 146) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland. The state highway runs from MD 45 in Towson north to MD 23 near Jarrettsville. MD 146 connects Towson with Loch Raven Reservoir, an impoundment of Gunpowder Falls. The state highway also serves the northern Baltimore County community of Jacksonville and Jarrettsville in western Harford County. MD 146 was constructed as two different state highways on either side of Loch Raven Reservoir. The section of the state highway in Towson was built in the 1910s and the portion through Jacksonville to Jarrettsville was constructed in the late 1920s and early 1930s. The gap in MD 146 through Loch Raven Reservoir was filled in two steps of maintenance swaps in the early 1960s and late 1970s. Route description MD 146 begins at the Towson Roundabout, a five-leg, racetrack-shaped roundabout in the center of Towson. The roundabout also features MD 45 (York Road), which heads south toward Baltimore and northwest toward Lutherville, and Joppa Road, a county-maintained highway that runs west toward Brooklandville and east toward Parkville. MD 146 heads northeast as Dulaney Valley Road, a four-lane divided boulevard that passes along the west side of the Towson Town Center shopping mall and the campus of Goucher College. The state highway meets Interstate 695 (Baltimore Beltway) at a partial cloverleaf interchange. The ramp from the westbound Beltway to MD 146 connects via Hampton Lane, which heads east past Towson United Methodist Church toward Hampton National Historic Site. North of the Beltway, MD 146 is a five-lane road with a center left-turn lane that passes between the suburbs of Hampton to the east and Lutherville to the west. MD 146 reduces to two lanes just north of Seminary Road and its traversal of Long Quarter Branch, which flows into Loch Raven Reservoir. The state highway passes between Timonium to the west and the reservoir parkland on the east. North of Timonium Road, MD 146 fully enters Loch Raven Reservoir Park. At Old Bosley Road, the state highway curves east and crosses the reservoir. Just east of the bridge, Dulaney Valley Road continues east while MD 146 veers north as Jarrettsville Pike. The state highway passes by the historic home Eagle's Nest as it leaves the reservoir valley. MD 146 intersects Sunnybrook Road and Merrymans Mill Road in the hamlet of Sunnybrook before passing through Jacksonville, a community also known as Phoenix that is centered at the highway's intersection with MD 145. MD 145 heads east as Sweet Air Road toward Baldwin and west as Paper Mill Road toward Cockeysville. North of Jacksonville, MD 146 crosses Little Gunpowder Falls into Harford County. The state highway passes through the communities of Hess and Taylor, where the highway passes the Ladew Topiary Gardens and meets the northern end of MD 152 (Fallston Road). MD 146 reaches its northern terminus at its intersection with MD 23 (Norrisville Road) in the hamlet of Madonna west of Jarrettsville. The roadway continues north as county-maintained Madonna Road. MD 146 is a part of the National Highway System as a principal arterial from MD 45 in Towson to MD 145 in Jacksonville. History MD 146's predecessor highways included a pair of turnpikes. The Dulaney's Valley and Towsontown Turnpike connected the Baltimore and Yorktown Turnpike at Towson with Meredith's Ford, a shallow spot in Gunpowder Falls before Loch Raven Reservoir was formed. A pair of turnpikes began east of the ford: the Dulaney's Valley and Sweet Air Turnpike east to the community of Knoebel at what is now the intersection of Dulaney Valley Road and Manor Road, and the Jarrettsville Turnpike north from the ford through Jacksonville to Little Gunpowder Falls. The first section of modern MD 146 was constructed as a wide macadam road from York Road north in 1915. This road was resurfaced in concrete and extended to the southern edge of the Loch Raven Reservoir reservation just north of Seminary Road by 1921. The first portion of MD 146 north of Loch Raven Reservoir was a concrete road from the northern edge of the Loch Raven Reservoir reservation to MD 145 in Jacksonville built in 1928. The state highway was extended north to Little Gunpowder Falls in 1929. The Harford County section of MD 146 was started in 1930 and completed in 1932. An additional section of the state highway was built on Madonna Road from the junction with MD 23 north to Nelson Mill Road in 1939. MD 146 was truncated at MD 23 when the Madonna Road segment was transferred to county maintenance in 1955. The section of the state highway south of Loch Raven Reservoir was originally designated MD 144 but became a disjoint segment of MD 146 by 1940. MD 144 was later reused for bypassed sections of U.S. Route 40 between Cumberland and Baltimore. The southern segment of MD 146 was widened to in 1946. MD 146 from the center of Towson to the Baltimore Beltway was expanded to a divided highway concurrent with the construction of the highway's cloverleaf interchange with the Beltway between 1955 and 1958. The portions of Dulaney Valley Road and Jarrettsville Pike through the Loch Raven Reservoir reservation were originally maintained by the Baltimore City Department of Transportation since the reservoir is owned by the city of Baltimore. These sections were transferred to state maintenance in two steps. MD 146 was extended north from near Seminary Road to just west of the bridge over the reservoir in 1963. The bridge and the highway to the northern edge of the reservoir reservation were transferred to state maintenance in 1979, closing the gap between the two sections of MD 146. Junction list Auxiliary route MD 146A is the designation for the section of Dulaney Valley Road immediately east of the road's intersection with MD 146, which is just east of MD 146's bridge over Loch Raven Reservoir. Dulaney Valley Road continues east as a road maintained by the Baltimore City Department of Transportation, which maintains most roads within the park reservation surrounding the reservoir. This section of Dulaney Valley Road was transferred from city to state maintenance in 2009. See also References External links MDRoads: MD 146 146 Maryland Route 146 Maryland Route 146 | Mid | [
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Spring Racing Carnival The Spring Racing Carnival is the name of an Australian Thoroughbred horse racing series held annually in Melbourne during October and November. The Carnival and its status in the wider community Although racing in Australia is held every day except Good Friday and Christmas Day, the Group One races in Melbourne are held almost exclusively throughout the carnival, which is traditionally placed between the football and cricket seasons. During the winter (where football is dominant), and summer (where cricket is dominant), racing takes a 'back seat' position in relation to the cricket or football in terms of media coverage and attendances. However, in spring and autumn, the mass media turns its attention to the racing. There is also an Autumn Racing Carnival, a time where Group One races are also held. Attendance Sweeps The carnival, and particularly the Melbourne Cup attracts the interest of many people otherwise uninterested in horse racing, and special forms of very low-stake gambling are often used for this event. One common form for groups such as office staff is the "sweep", where each participant adds a small fee to a "pot" and draws the name of a horse like a raffle. Prize money is distributed to the person who draws the winning horse (occasionally smaller prizes are awarded to placegetters and the last-placing horse). A more complex and high-stakes form of the sweep is the "Calcutta", often held as a fundraising event for community organisations, which begins as in the sweep (though usually with a much higher initial stake), but which allows ticket holders to trade their tickets through an auction system. Special guests For the fashion part of the Spring Racing Carnival many special judges have come to the races. 2003: Paris Hilton 2004: Carson Kressley 2005: Eva Longoria 2006: Andrea Bowen 2007: Carson Kressley Carnival race meetings The Spring Racing Carnival is made up of meetings held by the metropolitan clubs, where Group One races take place, and also at Geelong and Bendigo. With numerous group races during August and September at metropolitan tracks Flemington, Caulfield and Moonee Valley, the Spring Racing Carnival officially starts on the Group 1 Turnbull Stakes Day at Flemington, one week after the AFL Grand Final. The Spring Racing Carnival officially ends on the final day of the Sandown Carnival, Eclipse Stakes day. Caulfield Carnival The Melbourne Racing Club holds three race meetings at Caulfield Racecourse, each with major Group one races. The Caulfield Guineas, Caulfield Thousand Guineas and Caulfield Stakes is held on the Saturday three weeks before the Victoria Derby. Other group races are held on this day. The Ladies Day Vase and Blue Sapphire Stakes are held on the Wednesday following the Saturday Caulfield Guineas. The Caulfield Cup is held on the Saturday on the weekend following the Guineas meeting. Geelong Carnival The Geelong Racing Club hosts its Group 3 Geelong Cup on the Wednesday between the Caulfield Cup and Cox Plate. The meeting also has a couple of Listed races, The 3YO Geelong Classic and The Rosemont Stud Stakes. The day is a public holiday in Geelong's metropolitan area. Moonee Valley Carnival The Moonee Valley Racing Club holds a two-day carnival. The Manikato Stakes is held on the Friday night following the Caulfield Cup. The club's highlight is the Weight for Age Cox Plate race held on the next day with a host of other Group races including the Moonee Valley Gold Cup. Bendigo Carnival The Bendigo Jockey Club hosts its Group 3 Bendigo Cup on the Wednesday between the Cox Plate and the VRC Derby Day. Melbourne Cup Carnival The Victoria Racing Club's meetings attract the most attention from the media and the wider community. The Victoria Derby is held on the Saturday before the Melbourne Cup. It is a set-weights race for three-year-old horses. There are also other major races held on this day as well, making it the biggest day in racing. The Melbourne Cup handicap race is held on the first Tuesday in November, and is a public holiday in Victoria, but the Cup is witnessed by those all around Australia as well as internationally. The VRC Oaks race is held on the Thursday following the Cup. It is a three-year-old fillies race, and traditionally it has been known as 'ladies' day'. The VRC Stakes day is held on the Saturday following the Oaks, and traditionally it has been known as 'family day'. Sandown Carnival The Melbourne Racing Club holds the last official meeting of the Spring Racing Carnival at Sandown Racecourse. This day includes the Group 2 Sandown Classic and the Group 3 Eclipse Stakes and occurs in mid November. References Notes Bibliography External links VRC Homepage (Official) RVL Spring Racing Carnival (Official) Category:Horse racing in Australia Category:Horse racing meetings Category:Sport in Melbourne Category:Carnivals in Australia Category:Equestrian festivals Category:Spring (season) events in Australia | Mid | [
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Turkish Grand Prix (disambiguation) Turkish Grand Prix can refer to: Turkish Grand Prix, a Formula One motor race Turkish motorcycle Grand Prix | Low | [
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Alkanolamine sweetening units are used for the removal of H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2 from natural gases, enhanced oil recovery gases, refinery hydrodesulfurizer recycle gases, FCCU and Coker gas plant tail gases, LPG streams, and Claus sulfur recovery tail gases. The alkanolamines commonly used are ethanolamine, diethanolamine, methyl diethanolamine, diisopropanol amine, and triethanol amine. These compounds are weak bases in water solution. When solutions of alkanolamines are contacted in packed, sieve plate, bubble cap, or valve tray columns with streams containing H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2, the H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2 dissolve into the alkanolamine solution. The following chemical reactions then take place: ##EQU1## The solution of water, unreacted alkanolamine, and alkanolamine salts are subjected to steam stripping to decompose the alkanolamine salts and remove H S and CO.sub.2 from the alkanolamine. The H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2 removed from the alkanolamine can then be processed by Claus sulfur recovery, incineration, fertilizer manufacture, or other means. H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2 are not the only gases in the above referred to streams which form weak acids when dissolved in water. Other such acid gases, as they are commonly called, that may appear in gas streams treated with alkanolamine include SO.sub.2, COS, or HCN. These gases also undergo the same reactions as H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2 to form alkanolamine salts. These salts, though, cannot be removed by steam stripping as are H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2 salts. Thus, they remain and accumulate in the system. Another problem is presented if oxygen gets into the alkanolamine system. Oxidation of acid gas conjugate base anions leads to the formation of other alkanolamine salts, most commonly salts of thiosulfate (S.sub.2 O.sub.3.sup.-2), sulfate (SO.sub.4.sup.-2), thiocyanate (SCN.). Other inorganic acid anions, such as, chloride (Cl.sup.-) may also be present. These salts also cannot be regenerated by steam stripping. Alkanolamine salts which cannot be heat regenerated, called heat stable salts, reduce the effectiveness of alkanolamine treating. The alkanolamine is protonated and cannot react with either H.sub.2 S or CO.sub.2 which dissolve into the solution. Also, accumulated alkanolamine salts are known to cause corrosion in carbon steel equipment which is normally used in amine systems. The salts are also known to cause foaming problems which further decreases treating capacity. The normal procedure used to deprotonate the alkanolamine, so it can react with H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2, is to add an alkali metal hydroxide, such as NaOH, to the amine solution. The deprotonated alkanolamine then can be returned to H.sub.2 S and CO.sub.2 removal service. However, the sodium salts of the anions of the heat stable salts are also heat stable, are difficult to remove and thus accumulate in the alkanolamine solution, with attendant corrosion and foaming problems. In one process, the alkanolamine solution containing heat stable alkali metal salts is contacted with a basic anion exchange resin to remove the heat stable anions from the solution and thereafter the solution is contacted with an acidic cation exchange resin whereby alkali metal ions are removed from the solution. Anions of any heat stable alkanolamine salts are also removed by the basic anion exchange resin. Removing the heat stable salts in this manner reduces foaming losses. corrosion and maximizes the alkanolamine concentration. The basic anion exchange resin used in the described process is regenerated by flushing with water to remove free alkanolamines, followed by elution with dilute sodium hydroxide to displace heat stable salt anions with hydroxide ions and a second water wash to remove residual sodium hydroxide and sodium slats. The acidic cation exchange resin is regenerated by flushing with water to remove free alkanolamine, followed by elution with dilute hydrogen chloride to displace sodium cations with hydrogen ions. A second water wash is then used to remove residual hydrogen chloride and sodium chlorides. In the described process alkanolamine in the alknaolamine solution is protonated by hydrogen at the ionic sites on the acidic cation resin and becomes attached to these sites as alkanolamine cations. When the cation resin is regenerated with the dilute HCl solution, both alkali metal cation and such alkanolamine are displaced from the resin, with hydrogen ions taking their place. The alkanolamine in the regenerant stream cannot be returned to the alkanolamine circulating system for reuse because the alkali metal and chloride ions in the regenerant would recontaminate the system. The resultant loss of alkanolamine is unacceptable both economically and environmentally. | Mid | [
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Looking back: Ten films show the best from 'Mormon Cinema' This is an archived article that was published on sltrib.com in 2012, and information in the article may be outdated. It is provided only for personal research purposes and may not be reprinted. Hollywood has never taken to Mormons the way it has with members of many other faiths. Sure, there was "Brigham Young," the epic 1940 Western starring Tyrone Power and Linda Darnell as Mormon pioneers and Dean Jagger as the title character. But depictions like that were few and far between. It took LDS filmmakers to get the ball rolling around the turn of the 21st century, with a wave of independently produced movies made by and for Mormons. These filmmakers usually had miniscule budgets, and it showed in far too many cheap-looking and horribly acted movies. But some titles showed talent at work. Here's a sampling of 10 good ones: "God's Army" (2000) • The modern wave of "Mormon Cinema" started with this missionary drama, written and directed by Richard Dutcher who starred as a driven LDS missionary showing a new missionary (Matthew A. Brown) the proselytizing ropes. Though Dutcher has since left the LDS Church, his passion for the faith then was evident in every frame. "The Other Side of Heaven" (2001) • Gerald Molen, Steven Spielberg's longtime producer, was the driving force behind this drama, based on the memoir of LDS general authority John H. Groberg (played by Christopher Gorham), recounting his experiences as a young missionary in Tonga. The movie boasts beautiful tropical settings and the even more beautiful Anne Hathaway ("The Dark Knight Rises") in an early role as Groberg's girl back home. "Out of Step" (2002) • This hidden little gem tells of a young dancer (Alison Akin Clark) trying to make it in New York while also being courted by a nerdy fellow Mormon (Michael Buster) and a hunky non-Mormon (Jeremy Elliott). A solid directorial debut from Ryan Little ("Saints and Soldiers"). "The Best Two Years" (2003) • Writer-director Scott S. Anderson recalled his own experiences as a Mormon missionary in Holland. The comedy centers on a disillusioned missionary (K.C. Clyde), in the dumps when his girlfriend is stolen by his former mission companion, but whose faith is restored, thanks to an overeager new partner (Kirby Heyborne). "Saints and Soldiers" (2003) • Director Ryan Little scores with this moving World War II drama, capturing not only the horrors of combat but also the spiritual soul-searching that men of faith make in time of war. (Fun fact: Jared and Jerusha Hess, the creators of "Napoleon Dynamite," worked as camera loaders.) "Pride & Prejudice" (2003) • Jane Austen transfers to Brigham Young University, with five college roommates looking for the right match all except for studious Elizabeth Bennet (Kam Haskin), who takes an instant dislike to businessman Will Darcy (Orlando Seale). Director Andrew Black proves Austen's work is a perennial that will bloom wherever it's planted. "The Work and the Glory" (2004) • Car tycoon and Utah Jazz owner Larry H. Miller bankrolled director Sterling Van Wagenen's lush adaptation of Gerald N. Lund's historical novels, tracing the early days of the LDS Church. Lovers of irony will note the casting of Brenda Strong, the beyond-the-grave narrator of "Desperate Housewives," as one of Joseph Smith's earliest followers. "New York Doll" (2005) • What ever became of Arthur "Killer" Kane, bass player for the seminal glam-rock band The New York Dolls? After years of alcoholism, he found new life as a convert to the LDS Church, as chronicled in Greg Whiteley's engrossing documentary. "Piccadilly Cowboy" (2007) • A Montana Mormon (Jaelan Petrie) gets a job in London, where he falls for a girl (Kate Foster-Barnes) but must find a potential spouse for her older sister (Sophie Shaw). Writer-director Trent Ford's comedy is charming, and the LDS message is applied gently. "The Errand of Angels" (2008) • Director Christian Vuissa looks at the missionary experience from the sisters' side, as a perky young woman (Erin Chambers) begins her LDS mission in Austria. Chambers' warm performance elevates the story. | Low | [
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--- abstract: 'Starting from a Langevin formulation of a thermally perturbed nonlinear elastic model of the ferroelectric smectic-C$^*$ (SmC${*}$) liquid crystals in the presence of an electric field, this article characterizes the hitherto unexplored dynamical phase transition from a thermo-electrically forced ferroelectric SmC${}^{*}$ phase to a chiral nematic liquid crystalline phase and vice versa. [[The theoretical analysis is based on a combination of dynamic renormalization (DRG) and numerical simulation of the emergent model.]{}]{} While the DRG architecture predicts a generic transition to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class at dynamic equilibrium, in agreement with recent experiments, the numerical simulations of the model show simultaneous existence of two phases, one a “subdiffusive” (SD) phase characterized by a dynamical exponent value of 1, and the other a KPZ phase, characterized by a dynamical exponent value of 1.5. The SD phase flows over to the KPZ phase with increased external forcing, offering a new universality paradigm, hitherto unexplored in the context of ferroelectric liquid crystals.' author: - Amit K Chattopadhyay - 'Prabir K. Mukherjee' title: Novel Universality Classes in Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals --- Introduction {#introduction .unnumbered} ============ Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation [@kpz; @barabasi; @halpinhealy; @krug] has long been proposed as a paradigmatic model characterizing the statistical properties of a growing interface. While the model itself is a pure theorist’s delight, in that it offers both weak and strong coupling regimes with transitions in between, a field theoretic paradise of sorts, from an experimental perspective, the model has often been looked down upon apart from rare conjectures and interpolations [@myllys1; @myllys2]. On the other hand, researches on smectic-A to SmC$^*$ (SmA-SmC$^*$) phase transitions have been going on over the past few decades. Now there is also an increasing interest in the chiral nematic (N$^*$) to SmC$^*$ (N$^*$-SmC$^*$) phase transitions, both because of their inherent challenge [@hiller] as also due to the application potentials [@kumar]. These studies have generally relied on deterministic free energy based descriptions and follow-up estimations without much importance ascribed to the inherent thermal or boundary fluctuations surrounding the samples concerned. When such thermally forced stochastic perturbations are considered, the liquid crystalline phases may indeed transgress their conventional regimes and cross over to hitherto unexplored (“hidden”) regimes, as recently shown in [@Chattopadhyay2015]. I [[The present work studies the impact of stochastic fluctuations in modifying the spatiotemporal properties of cholesteric liquid crystals in the presence of a random magnetic field. Our results show that stochastic fluctuations drive the system to a Kosterlitz-Thouless transition point, through a second-order phase transition, thereby converging to a Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality class. For weaker ramping forces, the system converges to a non-KPZ fixed point.]{}]{} Such mapping to established universality classes is unlikely to be restricted to only one or two specific cases, which is why there has been an upsurge in interest in stochastic modeling from the perspective of analyzing some dynamical propagation fronts and related crossovers and/or phase transitions in liquid crystalline systems [@Chattopadhyay2015; @sano1; @sano; @wang1; @wang2; @geng]. Such phase transitions range from geometric phases [@sergei] to isotropic-nematic-columnar phases [@caroline; @felix]. Nematic liquid crystal turbulence has been shown to exhibit a clear Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ)-class behavior [@sano1; @sano]. Takeuchi and Sano [@sano1; @sano] experimentally studied the scale-invariant fluctuations of growing interfaces in nematic liquid-crystal turbulence. They observed that the interfaces exhibit self-affine roughening characterized by both spatial and temporal scaling laws of the KPZ theory in 1+1 dimensions. Golubovic and Wang [@wang1; @wang2] found a theoretical relationship between the fluctuations of smectic-A to fluctuations KPZ dynamical model. They observed that the KPZ model in 2+1 dimensions maps into a elastic critical point of 3D Smectic-A with broken inversion symmetry (ferroelectric smectic-A). Here we report on what we believe to be the first theoretical study of the dynamical evolution patterns of ferroelectric smectic-C$^*$ (SmC$^*$) liquid crystals in an electric field, using firstly the language of dynamic renormalization group (DRG), which we later complement with numerical simulation of the propounded stochastic model. [[Both analytical (DRG based) and numerical (simulation) results predict a chiral nematic (N$^*$) to SmC$^*$ phase transition.]{}]{} In the experimentally viable low frequency limit, our dynamical model predicts the onset of a Kosterlitz-Thouless transition. At large enough spatiotemporal scales, the inherent nonlinearity drives the system to a Kardar-Parisi-Zhang fixed point, theoretically represented by appropriate self-affine scaling. The Theoretical Model {#theoretical_model .unnumbered} ===================== The inner fabric of our proposed model relies on the nonlinear elastic model of SmC$^*$ liquid crystal in the presence of an electric field. [[The SmC$^*$ phase has a helical structure where the director field tilts from the layer normal by $\theta$ and rotates along normal direction. An electric polarization appears in the plane parallel with the layer and makes a right angle along the director field and in the result it rotates along the layer normal. By applying the electric field in a direction parallel to the layer, the helical structure is unwound due to a coupling between the electric field and the polarization. We assume all elastic constants equal, define a two dimensional director in the plane of the layers. So the the director $\bf n$ is defined as: $n_x=\sin\theta\cos\phi(z)$, $n_y=\sin\theta\sin\phi(z)$. $n_z=\cos\theta$. $\phi(z)$ is the azimuthal angle between $\bf n$ and y axis and is thus z dependent. $\theta$ is the tilt angle between the layer normal and the director $\bf n$ and does not vary with z. Here layer normal is assumed to be in the z direction.]{}]{} In what follows, we first define a Frank free energy, as shown in Eq. (\[free1\]) below. This is then followed by a Langevin formulation, starting from this free energy, to model the time dynamics of this system. We shall restrict our interest to a one dimensional dynamical problem in space. The Frank Free Energy {#the-frank-free-energy .unnumbered} --------------------- Based on the Cladis-Saarloos formalism [@cladis], the free energy of the SmC$^*$ phase in an applied electric field ${\bf E}=E(0,1,0)$ can be written as $$g=\int\left[\frac {K\theta^2}{2}\left(\frac {d \phi}{dz}+q_0\right)^2 -\frac {\epsilon_a\theta^2}{8\pi}E^2\sin^2\phi-P\theta E\cos\phi\right]dz, \label{free1}$$ where $K$ is the twist elastic constant, $q_0$ the wave vector corresponding to $E=0$ ($q_0=2\pi/\lambda_0)$. $\epsilon_a$ is the liquid crystal dielectric anisotropy. $P$ is the polarization. We assume polarization $P$ rotates about the z axis and the electric field is applied in the y direction. The above free energy (\[free1\]) was extensively studied by Cladis and Saarloos [@cladis] to discuss the various the forms of front propagation of the SmC$^*$ state. The functional integral shown in Eq. (\[free1\]) above can be approximately solved in certain cases using a saddle point approximation method but this will not work in the non-asymptotic regime, the focal point of our interest [@modanese2006]. The Langevin Model {#the-langevin-model .unnumbered} ------------------ The free energy defined in Eq. (\[free1\]) can be used to arrive at the stochastic Langevin description, as presented in Risken [@Risken]. The time dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL)-type model can then be specified by the following Langevin dynamics $$M\frac {\partial \phi(z,t)}{\partial t}=-\frac {\delta g}{\delta \phi} + F_0 +\eta(z,t), \label{lang1}$$ where $\eta(z,t)$ is a stochastic white noise represented by $<\eta(z,t)\: \eta(z',t')> = D_0 \:\delta(z-z') \delta(t-t')$ and $<\eta(z,t)>=0$, in which the curly brackets “$< >$” represent ensemble average over all noise realizations and $D_0$ is the noise strength, a constant, while $\frac{\delta g}{\delta \phi}$ is the functional derivative of $g$ with respect to variable $\phi$. [[$F_0$ is a constant “overdamped force” that pumps a steady energy into the system. Such a term is related to the existence of a kinetic roughening in the model that can only be counter- balanced by a negative damping term $F_0$.]{}]{} Eq. (\[lang1\]) can then be rewritten as\ $$M\frac {\partial \phi}{\partial t}=\frac {\epsilon_a\theta^2E^2}{8\pi}\sin2\phi -P\theta E \sin\phi+K \theta^2\frac {\partial^2 \phi}{\partial z^2} +F_0+\eta(z,t). \label{lang2}$$ The above Eq. (\[lang2\]) represents a quintessential sine-Gordon model [@nozieres] whose low frequency spatiotemporal scaling properties have been studied previously by Chattopadhyay [@akc], an approach that was later implemented in analyzing a class of liquid crystals by Chattopadhyay and Mukherjee [@Chattopadhyay2015]. We will now calculate the renormalization group (RG) flows for the dynamical nonlinear model presented in Eq. (\[lang2\]) above. In order to achieve a scale independent formulation of the aforementioned dynamics, in the following, we rescale the starting model variable on a periodic lattice using the transformation $h=\frac{a}{2\pi}\phi$, which then leads to the following representation: $$\eta\frac {\partial h}{\partial t}=\gamma \frac {\partial^2h}{\partial z^2}-\frac {2\pi V_1} {a}\sin\left(\frac {2\pi h}{a}\right)+\frac {2\pi V_2}{a}\sin\left(\frac {4\pi h}{a}\right)+F+N(z,t). \label{lang5}$$ Here the rescaled parameters are given by $\eta=\frac {M}{K}$, $\gamma=\theta^2$, $\frac {2\pi V_1}{a}=\frac {P\theta Ea}{2\pi K}$, $\frac {2\pi V_2}{a}=\frac {\epsilon_a\theta^2E^2a}{16\pi^2 K}$, $F=\frac{F_0a}{2\pi K}$ and the rescaled noise $N(z,t)=\frac {a\eta^{\prime}(z,t)} {2\pi K}$. The model above is a generalized extension of the classic noisy sine-Gordon model that can be studied using the method previously used by Chattopadhyay [@akc] and later contextualized for liquid crystals in [@Chattopadhyay2015], in which the second moment of the noise-noise correlation in the $k$-space can be given by $$<N(k,t) N(k',t') = 2D f\left(\dfrac{\pi k}{\Lambda}\right)\:\delta(k+k')\:\delta(t-t'), \label{noiseeq}$$ where $f(1-x)=\theta(x)$, a Heaviside step function, $\Lambda \propto \frac{\pi}{a}$, and the rescaled noise strength $D=D_0\frac{a^2}{4\pi^2 K^2}$ is defined through the fluctuation-dissipation theorem [@Derrida2007] as $D \propto \eta T$, where $T$ is the “non-equilibrium temperature” [@Jarzynski2011] . Results {#results .unnumbered} ======= Eq. (\[lang5\]) defines a stochastically evolving structure which we solve independently using two well established architectures - first, using the Dynamic Renormalization Group (DRG) approach and second, a thorough numerical solution of the [[same stochastic model using appropriate discretization]{}]{} that simultaneously offers a complementary strand to the DRG method while also probing regimes that go beyond the perturbative mechanism accorded under the DRG auspice. [[Note that ours being a stochastically perturbed 1+1 dimensional model, it is open to phase transition possibilities.]{}]{} The Dynamic Renormalization Group Analysis {#DRG .unnumbered} ------------------------------------------ The model presented in Eqs. (\[lang5\]-\[noiseeq\]) is the d=1+1 dimensional version of the Nozieres-Gallet [@nozieres] or Rost-Spohn model [@rost] for the special case of $\lambda=0$. In the following analysis, we will employ the same dynamic renormalization group (DRG) prescription as in [@rost]. Our effective dynamical equation for the description is the following: $$\eta\frac {\partial h}{\partial t}=\gamma \frac {\partial^2h}{\partial z^2}-\frac {2\pi V_1} {a}\sin\left(\frac {2\pi h}{a}\right)+\frac {2\pi V_2}{a}\sin\left(\frac {4\pi h}{a}\right)+F+\frac{\lambda}{2} {\bigg( \dfrac{\partial h}{\partial z} \bigg)}^2 + N(z,t), \label{DRGeqn}$$ where the KPZ nonlinearity $\dfrac{\lambda}{2}{\bigg( \dfrac{\partial h}{\partial z} \bigg)}^2$ has been added in advance, in recognition of the same term appearing after the renormalization, as studied in [@rost; @Chattopadhyay2015]. All other terms bear the same meaning as in Eq. (\[lang5\]) before. The fast frequency components are integrated over the momentum shell $\Lambda e^{-\Delta l}<|k|<\Lambda$ i.e. $\Lambda (1-\Delta l)$ for $<|k|<\Lambda$, in the limit of infinitesimally small $\Delta l$. We assume both $V_1$ and $V_2$ are perturbative constants. Within this momentum shell, the variables are renormalized as follows: $k\rightarrow k^{\prime}= (1+\Delta l)k$, $z\rightarrow z^{\prime}=(1-\Delta l)z$, $h\rightarrow h^{\prime}=h$, $t\rightarrow t^{\prime}=(1-2 \Delta l)t$, $\eta\rightarrow \eta^{\prime}=\eta$, $\gamma\rightarrow \gamma^{\prime}=\gamma$, $V_1\rightarrow V_1^{\prime}=(1+2 \Delta l)V_1$, $V_2\rightarrow V_2^{\prime}=(1+2 \Delta l)V_2$, $F\rightarrow F^{\prime}=(1+2 \Delta l)F$ and $\lambda \to \lambda'=\lambda$. First we discuss the perturbative dynamics. In this case Eq. (\[DRGeqn\]) can be rewritten as $$\eta\frac {\partial h}{\partial t}=\gamma \frac{\partial^2 h}{\partial z^2}+\Psi(h)+N, \label{lang6}$$ where $\Psi(h)=-\frac {2\pi V_1}{a}\sin[\frac {2\pi}{a}(h+\frac{Ft}{\eta})] +\frac {2\pi V_2}{a}\sin[\frac {4\pi}{a}(h+\frac{Ft}{\eta})] + \frac{\lambda}{2} {\big( \frac{\partial h}{\partial z} \big)}^2$. Using perturbation expansions for the dynamic variables $X_i=h, N$, we can write $N=\bar{N}+\delta N$, where the quantity $\bar{N}$ is defined within the momentum range $|k|<(1-\Delta l)\Lambda$, with $\delta N$ defined inside the annular ring $(1-\Delta l)\Lambda<|k|<\Lambda$, to get $$\begin{aligned} \eta\frac {\partial \bar{h}}{\partial t}&=&\gamma \frac{\partial^2 \bar{h}}{\partial z^2}+\bar{\Psi}(\bar{h},\delta h)+\bar{N},\nonumber \\ &&\eta\frac {\partial \delta h}{\partial t}=\gamma \frac{\partial^2 \delta h}{\partial z^2}+\delta \Psi(\bar{h},\delta h)+\delta N, \label{lang7}\end{aligned}$$ where $\bar{\Psi}=<\Psi>_{\delta N}$, averaging defined over all noise perturbations. $\bar{\Psi}$ and $\delta {\Psi}$ can be expressed as $$\begin{aligned} \bar{\Psi}&=&-\frac {2\pi V_1}{a}\sin \bigg[\frac {2\pi}{a}(\bar{h}+\frac{F t}{\eta})\bigg] \left(1-\frac {2\pi^2}{a^2}<\delta h^2>_{\delta N}\right) +\frac {2\pi V_2}{a}\sin \bigg[\frac {4\pi}{a}(\bar{h}+\frac{F t}{\eta})\bigg] \left(1-\frac {8\pi^2}{a^2}<\delta h^2>_{\delta N}\right) \nonumber \\ &+& \frac{\lambda}{2}{\bigg(\frac{\partial {\bar h}}{\partial z}\bigg)}^2 + \frac{\lambda}{2}<{\bigg(\frac{\partial {\delta h}}{\partial z}\bigg)}^2>_{\delta N} \nonumber \\ &&\delta {\Psi}=\bigg\{-\frac {4\pi^2 V_1}{a^2}\cos \bigg[\frac {2\pi}{a}(\bar{h}+\frac{F t}{\eta})\bigg]+\frac {8\pi^2 V_2}{a^2} \cos\bigg[\frac {4\pi}{a}\left(\bar{h}\frac{F t}{\eta}\right)\bigg] \bigg\} \delta h + \lambda \bigg(\dfrac{\partial \bar h}{\partial z}\bigg) .\bigg(\dfrac{\partial \delta h}{\partial z}\bigg). \label{npsi1}\end{aligned}$$ Expanding $\delta h=\delta h^{(0)}+\delta h^{(1)}+....$ perturbatively, [[in the Fourier transformed $k$-space,]{}]{} we get [[ $$\delta h^{(0)}(z,t) =\int^t_{-\infty}dt^{\prime}\int dz^{\prime}\: G_0(z-z^{\prime}, t-t^{\prime})\:\delta N(z^{\prime},t^{\prime}) \label{expand1}$$ and $$\begin{aligned} \delta h^{(1)}(z,t)&=&\int^t_{-\infty}dt^{\prime}\int dz^{\prime}\: G_0(z-z^{\prime}, t-t^{\prime})\times\bigg[-\frac {4\pi^2 V_1}{a^2}\cos\bigg(\frac {2\pi}{a}(\bar{h} (z^{\prime},t^{\prime})+\frac{Ft^{\prime}}{\eta}\bigg) \nonumber \\ &+&\frac {8\pi^2 V_2}{a^2} \cos\bigg(\frac {4\pi}{a}(\bar{h}(z^{\prime},t^{\prime})+\frac{Ft^{\prime}}{\eta}\bigg)\bigg]\: \delta h^{(0)} + \lambda \bigg(\frac{\partial \bar h(z',t')}{\partial z'}\bigg) \bigg(\frac{\partial \delta h^{(0)}(z',t')}{\partial z'}\bigg), \label{expand2}\end{aligned}$$ where $G_0(x,t)=\frac {1}{2\pi \gamma t}e^{-\frac {\eta x^2}{2\gamma t}}$ is the Green’s function. For the initial condition $h(z,t=-\infty)=0$, we get $$<{(\delta h)}^2(z,t)>=<{(\delta h^{(0)})}^2>+2<\delta h^{(0)}(z,t)\: \delta h^{(1)}(z,t)> \label{expand3}$$ and $$<(\partial_z \delta h)^2(z,t)> = <(\partial_z \delta h^{(0)})^2>+2<\partial_z \delta h^{(0)}\: \partial_z \delta h^{(1)}>. \label{expand4}$$ Using Eqs. (\[expand1\]-\[expand4\]), we can now write]{}]{} $$\delta h_k(t)=\frac {1}{\eta}e^{-\frac {\gamma}{\eta} k^2 t}\int_{-\infty}^tdt^{\prime} \delta N_k(t^{\prime})e^{\frac {\gamma}{\eta} k^2 t^{\prime}} \label{lang9}$$ The corresponding correlation functions are given by $$\bigg \langle \delta h^{(0)}(z,t)\:\delta h^{(0)}(z^{\prime},t^{\prime}) \bigg\rangle=\frac {D} {\gamma\eta}e^{i\Lambda (z-z^{\prime})}\:e^{-\frac {\gamma}{\eta}\Lambda^2 |t-t^{\prime}|} \Delta l\:\:\text{and} \label{corre3}$$ $$\bigg \langle \bigg(\frac{\partial \delta h^{(0)}(z,t)}{\partial z}\bigg)\:\bigg(\frac{\partial \delta h^{(0)}(z^{\prime},t^{\prime})}{\partial z'}\bigg) \bigg \rangle=-\frac {D} {\gamma \eta}\Lambda^2e^{i\Lambda (z-z^{\prime})}\:e^{-\frac {\gamma}{\eta}\Lambda^2 |t-t^{\prime}|}\Delta l {\bf \:\:}, \label{corre4}$$ where $D=\frac {a^2}{4\pi^2K^2}\eta T$. Dynamic Renormalization Group Flow Equations {#dynamic-renormalization-group-flow-equations .unnumbered} -------------------------------------------- The Dynamic Renormalization Group (DRG) flow equations, correct up to the first order, can be shown to be as follows: $$dV_1^{(l)}=-\frac {2\pi^2}{a^2}<\delta h^{(0)2}(z,t)>=-\frac {\eta T}{2\gamma \eta K^2}\Delta l, \label{first1}$$ $$dV_2^{(l)}=-\frac {8\pi^2}{a^2}<\delta h^{(0)2}(z,t)>=-\frac {2\eta T}{\gamma \eta K^2}\Delta l, \label{first2}$$ $$dF^{(l)}=\dfrac{\lambda}{2}<{\bigg( \frac{\partial \delta h^{(0)}}{\partial z}\bigg)}^2>_{\delta N}=\dfrac{\lambda T}{2\pi \gamma} \Lambda^2 \Delta l. \label{first3}$$ We now obtain the first order dynamic renormalization group (DRG) flows for $V$ and $F$. ![Variation of the DRG flow integral $A^{(\eta)}_{\mu}(n;\kappa)$ with renormalized force $\kappa$ for $\mu=1$. The discontinuity observed between $0.25<\kappa<0.5$ is a signature of the phase transition to the KPZ phase. \[fig\_mu1cosAgamma\]](Fig1.pdf){height="10.0cm" width="12.0cm"} ![Variation of the DRG flow integral $A^{(\gamma)}_{\mu}(n;\kappa)$ with renormalized force $\kappa$ for $\mu=1$. The discontinuity observed between $0.25<\kappa<0.5$ is a signature of the phase transition to the KPZ phase. \[fig\_mu1cosAeta\]](Fig2.pdf){height="10.0cm" width="12.0cm"} ![Variation of the DRG flow integral $A^{(\kappa)}_{\mu}(n;\kappa)$ with renormalized force $\kappa$ for $\mu=1$. The discontinuity observed between $0.25<\kappa<0.5$ is a signature of the phase transition to the KPZ phase. \[fig\_mu1cosAkappa\]](Fig3.pdf){height="10.0cm" width="12.0cm"} ![Variation of the DRG flow integral $A^{(\lambda)}_{\mu}(n;\kappa)$ with renormalized force $\kappa$ for $\mu=1$. The discontinuity observed between $0.25<\kappa<0.5$ is a signature of the phase transition to the KPZ phase. \[fig\_mu1cosAlambda\]](Fig4.pdf){height="10.0cm" width="12.0cm"} In order to calculate the DRG flows for $\gamma$, $\eta$ and $D$, we need to evaluate the second ordered corrections terms $<\delta h^{(0)}\delta h^{(1)}>$ and [[$<\partial \delta h^{(0)}\partial \delta h^{(1)}>$]{}]{}. Starting from the free energy representation $\Psi$ is Eq. (9), these two-point correlation functions, accurate up to second-order in perturbation, are presented below: $$\begin{aligned} \bigg \langle \delta h^{(0)}(z,t)\delta h^{(1)}(z,t) \bigg \rangle &=&-\frac {4\pi^2V_1}{a^2}\int_{-\infty}^tdt^{\prime} \int dz^{\prime} \cos\bigg[\frac {2\pi}{a}(\bar{h}+\frac {Ft^{\prime}}{\eta})\bigg] G_0(z-z^{\prime},t-t^{\prime}) \nonumber \\ &&\times \big \langle \delta h^{(0)}(z,t)\delta h^{(0)}(z^{\prime},t^{\prime}) \big \rangle \nonumber \\ &&+\frac {8\pi^2V_2}{a^2}\int_{-\infty}^tdt^{\prime} \int dz^{\prime} \cos\bigg[\frac {4\pi}{a}(\bar{h}+\frac {Ft^{\prime}}{\eta})\bigg] G_0(z-z^{\prime},t-t^{\prime}) \nonumber \\ &&\times \big \langle \delta h^{(0)}(z,t)\delta h^{(0)}(z^{\prime},t^{\prime}) \big \rangle, \label{ncorre1}\end{aligned}$$ and $$\begin{aligned} && {{\bigg \langle \bigg(\frac{\partial \delta h^{(0)}(z,t)}{\partial z}\bigg) \bigg( \frac{\partial \delta h^{(1)}(z',t')}{\partial z'}\bigg) \bigg \rangle}}= {{\frac {\eta}{2\gamma}\int_{-\infty}^tdt^{\prime} \displaystyle \int dz^{\prime} \:G_0(z-z^{\prime},t-t^{\prime}) -\left(\frac {z^{\prime}-z}{t-t^{\prime}}\right)}} \nonumber \\ &\times& \bigg\{-\frac {4\pi^2V_1}{a^2}\cos\bigg[\frac {2\pi}{a}\bigg(\bar{h}(z^{\prime},t^{\prime})+\frac {Ft^{\prime}} {\eta}\bigg)\bigg] +\frac {8\pi^2V_2}{a^2}\cos\bigg[\frac {4\pi}{a}\bigg(\bar{h}(z^{\prime},t^{\prime})+\frac {Ft^{\prime}}{\eta}\bigg)\bigg]\bigg\} \times \bigg \langle \bigg(\frac{\partial \delta h^{(0)}(z,t)}{\partial z}\bigg) \:\bigg(\frac{\partial \delta h^{(0)}( z^{\prime},t^{\prime})}{\partial z'}\bigg)\bigg \rangle_{\delta N} \nonumber \\ &+& \frac{\eta \lambda}{\gamma}\int_{-\infty}^tdt' \int dz' \bigg(-\frac{z'-z}{t-t'}\bigg) \frac{\partial h(z',t')}{\partial z} G_0(z-z',t-t') \bigg \langle \bigg(\frac{\partial \delta h^{(0)}(z,t)}{\partial z}\bigg) \bigg(\frac{\partial \delta h^{(0)}(z',t')}{\partial z'}\bigg)\bigg \rangle _{\delta N}. \label{ncorre2}\end{aligned}$$ The representation in Eqs. (\[ncorre1\], \[ncorre2\]) provide the detailed form of the (second-order) perturbed sine-Gordon Hamiltonian: $$\begin{aligned} \Psi_{SG}&\approx &-\frac {8\pi^3V_1^2T}{\gamma^2a^5}\left(\frac{a^2}{4\pi^2K^2}\right) \Delta l\int_{-\infty}^t\frac {dt^{\prime}} {t-t^{\prime}}\int dz^{\prime}e^{i\Lambda|z-z^{\prime}|} \times e^{-[\frac {\gamma}{2\eta}\frac {(z-z^{\prime})^2}{(t-t^{\prime})}-\frac{\gamma} {\eta}\Lambda^2(t-t^{\prime}) -\frac {2\pi^2}{a^2}{<{[\bar{h}(z,t)-\bar{h} (z^{\prime},t^{\prime})]}^2>}_{\delta N}]} \nonumber \\ &\times &\bigg[\frac {2\pi}{a}\bigg(\frac {\partial }{\partial t}\bar{h}(z,t)(t-t^{\prime})- \frac 12 \frac{\partial^2 \bar{h}(z,t)}{\partial z^2}{(z-z^{\prime})}^2\bigg) \nonumber \\ &\times &\cos\bigg(\frac {2\pi}{a}\frac {F}{\eta}(t-t^{\prime})\bigg)+\bigg(1-\frac {2\pi^2}{a^2}{\bigg( \frac{\partial \bar{h}(z,t)}{\partial z}\bigg)}^2{(z-z^{\prime})}^2\bigg) \times \sin\bigg(\frac {2\pi}{a}\frac {F}{\eta}(t-t^{\prime})\bigg)\bigg] \nonumber \\ &&-\frac {64\pi^3V_2^2T}{\gamma^2a^5}\bigg(\frac{a^2}{4\pi^2K^2}\bigg)\xi \Delta l\int_{-\infty}^t\frac {dt^{\prime}} {t-t^{\prime}}\int dz^{\prime}e^{i\Lambda|z-z^{\prime}|} \times e^{-[\frac {\gamma}{2\eta}\frac {(z-z^{\prime})^2}{(t-t^{\prime})}-\frac{\gamma} {\eta}\Lambda^2(t-t^{\prime}) -\frac {8\pi^2}{a^2}{<{[\bar{h}(z,t)-\bar{h} (z^{\prime},t^{\prime})]}^2>}_{\delta N}]} \nonumber \\ &\times &\bigg[\frac {4\pi}{a}\bigg(\frac {\partial }{\partial t}\bar{h}(z,t)(t-t^{\prime})- \frac 12 \frac{\partial^2 \bar{h}(z,t)}{\partial z^2} {(z-z^{\prime})}^2\bigg) \nonumber \\ &\times &\cos\bigg(\frac {4\pi}{a}\frac {F}{\eta}(t-t^{\prime})\bigg)+\bigg(1-\frac {8\pi^2}{a^2}{\bigg( \frac{\partial \bar{h}(z,t)}{\partial z}\bigg)}^2 {(z-z^{\prime})}^2\bigg) \times \sin\bigg(\frac {4\pi}{a}\frac {F}{\eta}(t-t^{\prime})\bigg)\bigg] . \label{npsi5}\end{aligned}$$ The terms in Eq. (\[npsi5\]) that are respectively proportional to $\frac {\partial \bar{h}}{\partial t}$, $\partial_i\partial_j\bar{h}$ and $(\partial_i\bar{h})^2$ are the renormalized contributions for $\eta$, $\gamma$ and a new KPZ nonlinearity term $\lambda$ that automatically gets created from a sine-Gordon potential. This drives the dynamics to the KPZ fixed point with the constant term above renormalizing the ramping force $F$. Combining information from Eqs. (\[ncorre1\], \[ncorre2\], \[npsi5\]), the DRG flow equations can be outlined as follows: $$\frac {dU_1}{dl}=(2-n)U_1, \label{flow1}$$ $$\frac {dU_2}{dl}=(2-4n)U_2, \label{flow2}$$ $$\frac {d\gamma}{dl}=\frac {8\pi^4}{\gamma a^4}n A_1^{(\gamma)}(n;\kappa)U_1^2 +\frac {64\pi^4}{\gamma a^4}n A_2^{(\gamma)}(n;\kappa)U_2^2, \label{flow4}$$ $$\frac {d\eta}{dl}=\frac{32\pi^4}{\gamma a^4}\frac{\eta}{\gamma} nA_1^{(\eta)} (n;\kappa)U_1^2+\frac{256\pi^4}{\gamma a^4}\frac{\eta}{\gamma} nA_2^{(\eta)} (n;\kappa)U_2^2 \label{flow5}$$ $$\frac {d\lambda}{dl}=\frac {32\pi^5}{\gamma a^5}nA_1^{(\lambda)}(n;\kappa)U_1^2 +\frac {256\pi^5}{\gamma a^5}nA_2^{(\lambda)}(n;\kappa)U_2^2, \label{flow6}$$ $$\frac {dD}{dl}=\frac{32\pi^4}{\gamma a^4}\frac{D}{\gamma} nA_1^{(\eta)} (n;\kappa)U_1^2+\frac{256\pi^4}{\gamma a^4}\frac{D}{\gamma} nA_2^{(\eta)} (n;\kappa)U_2^2 + \frac{1}{4\pi}\frac{D^2 \lambda^2}{\gamma^3} \label{flow7}$$ $$\frac {d K}{dl}=2K-\frac {8\pi^3}{\gamma a^3}nA_1^{(K)}(n;\kappa)U_1^2 -\frac {64\pi^3}{\gamma a^3}nA_2^{(K)}(n;\kappa)U_2^2 + \frac{D}{2\pi \eta \gamma}\lambda, \label{flow8}$$ where $U_\mu=V_\mu/\Lambda^2$ ($\mu$ = 1,2), $K=F/\Lambda^2$, $\bar{\rho}=\Lambda \rho$, $x= \frac {\gamma(t-t^{\prime})}{\eta \rho^2}$, $D=\frac {a^2}{4\pi^2K^2}\eta T$, $n=\frac{2\pi D}{\gamma a^2}(\frac {a^2}{4\pi^2K^2})$ and $\kappa=\frac {2\pi K}{a\gamma}$. The functional forms of the DRG flow integrals $A^{(\gamma)}(n;\kappa)$, $A^{(\eta)}(n;\kappa)$, $A^{(\lambda)}(n;\kappa)$ and $A^{(K)}(n;\kappa)$ are defined as follows: $$\begin{aligned} A^{(\gamma)}_{\mu}(n;\kappa) &=& \displaystyle \int_0^{\infty}\frac {dx}{x}\int_0^{\infty}d\bar{\rho}\: \bar{\rho}^2e^{i\bar{\rho}}\cos\left(\frac {2\pi \mu}{a}\frac {Kx\bar{\rho}^2}{\gamma}\right)\:e^{-f_{\mu}}, \\ A^{(\eta)}_{\mu}(n;\kappa) &=& \frac{x}{\bar{\rho}^2}A^{(\gamma)}_\mu(n;\kappa), \\ A^{(\lambda)}_\mu (n;\kappa) &=& \displaystyle \int_0^{\infty}\frac {dx}{x}\int_0^{\infty}d\bar{\rho}\: \bar{\rho}^2e^{i\bar{\rho}}\sin\left(\frac {2\pi \mu}{a}\frac {Kx\bar{\rho}^2}{\gamma}\right)\:e^{-f{\mu}}, \\ A^{(K)}_\mu (n;\kappa) &=& \frac{1}{\bar{\rho}^2}A^{(\lambda)}_\mu (n;\kappa), \end{aligned}$$ where the components can be estimated from the following identities $$\begin{aligned} f_1 &=& \frac {1}{2x}+x\bar{\rho}^2+\frac {2\pi D}{\gamma a^2}\chi(\bar{\rho},x), \nonumber\\ f_2 &=& \frac {1}{2x}+x\bar{\rho}^2+\frac {8\pi D}{\gamma a^2}\chi(\bar{\rho},x), \nonumber\\ \chi(|z-z'|,|t-t'|) &=& \frac {\pi\gamma}{\eta T} <[\bar{h}(z,t)-\bar{h}(z^{\prime},t^{\prime})]^2>_{\bar{N}}, \nonumber\\ <[\bar{h}(z,t)-\bar{h}(z^{\prime},t^{\prime})]^2>_{\bar{N}} &=& \frac{\eta T}{\pi \gamma}\displaystyle \int_0^1dk\big[\sqrt{2(1-\cos{k|z-z'|})}\big]\:e^{-\frac{\gamma}{\eta}k^2(t-t')},\end{aligned}$$ where $\mu=1,2$. The KPZ fixed point relates to the generation of the renormalized term $(\vec{\nabla}h)^2$ as a result of the dynamical evolution of the model. Here $n=\frac {D}{2\pi\gamma K^2}$; for $n>2$, both $U_1$ and $U_2$ decay to zero while for $\frac 12<n<2$, only $U_2$ decays to zero while $U_1$ keeps growing. The case for $n=2$ is most interesting in that it leads to a strong coupling fixed point where the $U_1$ flow diverges, an attribute that gets subsequently reflected in the phase evolution of all relevant quantities like $\gamma$, $\eta$, $D$, $K$ and the renormalized parameter $\lambda$. This indicates a phase transition from the $N^{*}$ phase to the SmC$^{*}$ phase. Unlike in the N$^{*}$ phase, for each set of $\gamma$, $\eta$, $\lambda$, $D$ and $K$ flows, there is a push-pull mechanism in action. For $\frac 12<n<2$, we predict that the system will be in the N$^*$ phase while in the other regions they will flow in the SmC$^*$ phase. This observation supports the expermental observations [@patel86; @biradar96; @biradar00] of the N$^{*}$-SmC$^{*}$ phase transition. Figures 1-4 highlight these phase transitions from the $N^{*}$ phase to the SmC$^{*}$ phase, focusing on the convergence properties of the flow integrals. The double discontinuities at the points $\kappa=0.25$ and $\kappa\sim 0.56$ indicate these phase transition points. Numerical solution {#numerical-solution .unnumbered} ================== In order to analyze the detailed temperature dependence of the model, an allusion to the fact that the noise strength $D_0$ could be related to the Brownian mobility and hence is proportional to $k_B T$, where $k_B$ is the Boltzmann’s constant and $T$ is the [[“effective non-equilibrium temperature” [@Jarzynski2011; @Bustamente2005; @Seifert2012; @Derrida2007]]{}]{} of the system (discussed earlier), we resorted to numerical simulation. For the actual numerical integration of our 1+1 dimensional model, we used the “forward Euler” discretization scheme with $\Delta t={10}^{-4}$ and $\Delta x=1$. The Laplacian term in Eq. (\[lang5\]) was discretized within the iterative nearest-neighbor representation, followed on by next-nearest-neighbor, etc. through a recursion loop. In order to ensure dynamic stationarity, the system was dynamically evolved through ${10}^5$ time steps. Diffusion constant $\gamma=1$ and lattice spacing $a=1$ were the only fixed parameter values chosen (without any loss of generality). In order to ensure the parameter independence of the fixed points, thereby confirming existence of proper universality classes, we ran simulations over all possible combinations of the following parameter values: $\dfrac{V_1}{V_2}=0.1,\:1,\:10$, $\eta=1,10$, $F=1,\:10,:100$, low noise strength $D=0.1,\:0.5,\:1$. Plots are shown only for a few specific choice of these parameter values but the choices as such are arbitrary, since both qualitative and quantitative predictions of the exponent values could be confirmed to remain independent of the choice of parameters. As expected, for even larger values of the noise strength, as also for overly large choices of $\eta$, the results trivially converged to the Brownian model or to the “flat, non-rough” stationary limit respectively. Also, we avoided combinations of parameter values (tested through simple dimensional scaling of terms) for which the diffusion, sine-Gordon and noise terms were not sufficiently competitive, as the prediction from the model relies on this competition. For individual asymptotes, e.g. $\gamma>>V_1,\:V_2$, or the reverse, the results converged to known fixed points. In order to clarify the finite sized dependence of this model, lattice sizes of 1000, 10,000 and 100,000 points were used. From our results, we can now safely claim that the universality classes themselves are unaffected by finite sized corrections. The simulation results provide a deeper insight into the dynamical phase transition, the full range of which has hitherto remained elusive to even most updated experimental attempts [@patel86; @biradar96; @biradar00]. The scaling regimes depicted in Figures 5 and 6 represent the fixed points defining the corresponding universality classes. The solid line shows a convergence to the value $\alpha\sim0.5,\:\beta\sim1/3$ while the dotted line scales as $\alpha\sim1/3,\:\beta\sim1/3$. It may be noted that the results shown are block ensemble averages over ${10}^4$ time realizations in each case, and as such are most accurate. Each data point shown is actually a representation of this time/ergodic sampling. KPZ phase confirmation {#kpz-phase-confirmation .unnumbered} ---------------------- Essentially, we are calculating two two-point correlation functions, the spatial correlation function $C_x=<{[h(x+z,t)-h(z,t)]}^2>$ and the temporal correlation function $C_t=<{[h(z,t+\tau)-h(z,\tau)]}^2>$. The universality class as such can be confirmed from their respective scaling exponents, the “roughness exponent” $\alpha$, the “growth exponent” $\beta$ and the “dynamic exponent” $\gamma$. As is well known [@barabasi; @krug], due to self-affine scaling, such systems can be uniquely expressed by any two of these exponents. e.g. $\alpha$ and $z$, where $\beta=\dfrac{\alpha}{z}$. For large forcing, that is for reasonably large values of $F>1$, the trajectories converge to a KPZ fixed point characterized by $\alpha\sim0.5$ and $z\sim1.5$ [@kpz; @barabasi]. We may add that $F=1$ is not a special parameter value though. This result confirms the experimental finding of [@sano1; @sano]; the term $F_0$ in our model corresponds to the steady external voltage that was applied to the thin nematic liquid crystal layer in these references. A conventional strategy employed in some previous works [@nozieres; @rost] while not availed in others [@akc] is the incorporation of the KPZ term in the dynamic renormalization structure right from the onset. For the purpose of this manuscript, it is believed to be an incorrect strategy in view of the fact that the later numerical simulation shows the evidence of non-KPZ phases as well. If a KPZ term is added in the starting model itself, this would trivialise the importance of the KPZ convergence for large values of the external forcing. ![ Spatial correlation function $C_x$ plotted against the spatial separation $x$ in the loglog scale for $V_1=1, \:V_2=1, \:\eta=1$, respectively for $F=1,\:10,\:20$, as shown in the plots. The results show a remarkable phase transition from the “subdiffusive” phase defined by $\alpha \sim 0.33,\:\beta \sim 0.33$ to a KPZ [@kpz] phase defined by $\alpha\sim 0.5,\:\beta\sim 0.33$. As the ramping force $F$ increases from a relatively low ($F=1$) to high values ($F=10,\:20$), the system crosses over from a subdiffusive universality class to a KPZ universality class. \[fig\_Fig5\]](Fig5.pdf){height="10.0cm" width="12.0cm"} ![ Temporal correlation function $C_t$ plotted against time difference $t$ in the loglog scale for $V_1=1, \:V_2=1, \:\eta=1$, respectively for $F=1,\:10,\:20$, as shown in the plots. All gradients converge to the fixed value $\beta \sim 0.33$. The growth exponent is clearly unaffected by the ramping force $F$. \[fig\_Fig6\]](Fig6.pdf){height="10.0cm" width="12.0cm"} The “Hidden” phase: Subdiffusive to KPZ {#the-hidden-phase-subdiffusive-to-kpz .unnumbered} --------------------------------------- In a remarkable finding, as $F$ decreases from a high value $F\ge 10$ to a relatively lower value e.g. $F=1$ and below, the system dynamically converges to a “subdiffusive” (SD) universality class characterized by ($\alpha\sim0.33,\:\beta\sim0.33,\:z\sim1$). As $F$ is again ramped higher, the trajectories cross over to a KPZ fixed point [@kpz] characterized by ($\alpha\sim0.5,\:\beta\sim0.33,\:z\sim1.5$). Figures 5 and 6 highlight these scaling features and confirms the crossover from the SD to the KPZ phase, and vice versa. The emergence of an SD phase can be understood from the previously estimated RG flows which define two [[“jump” transition points]{}]{} at $n=\dfrac{D \Lambda^2}{2\pi \gamma F^2}=\dfrac 12$ and $n=\dfrac{D \Lambda^2}{2\pi \gamma F^2}=2$ respectively, as corroborated by the discontinuities at the corresponding points in all the flow integral plots shown in Figs. (1-4). As $F$ increases, $n\to\frac 12$ which identifies the KPZ phase in the phase integral plots while with decreasing $F$, the $n\to2$ fixed point is approached. Fig. 5 above clearly shows how the roughness exponent $\alpha$ (defined in [@kpz]) changes from a smoother SD phase, identified by $\alpha\sim 0.33$ to a coarser KPZ phase, characterized by $\alpha\sim 0.5$, thereby leading to a dynamic exponent value of $z \sim 1.5$ in the KPZ phase. [[These results could be compared with the preroughening-roughening transitions previously noted in [@nijs1989; @park1993].]{}]{} Fig. 5 confirms the values of the “roughness exponent” [@kpz] over a range of $F$ values. The KPZ-growth exponent value remains unchanged for both SD and KPZ dynamics, as is shown in Fig. 6. The crossover from the SD phase to the KPZ phase has concurrently appeared over this entire parametric range. A crucial feature of this report concerns the prediction of this “hidden phase” and its subsequent transition to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) phase, as previously reported in experiments [@sano1; @sano]. We believe that in this ground breaking experimental study, the SD phase remained elusive due to an inappropriate choice of parameters, attributed to a lack of mechanism to choose parameters over such a wide parameter space. Our model study now presents a structure to arrive at this parameter set whereby such a “hidden” SD phase could be experimentally verified, that at the present, seems to be characterized only by a KPZ dynamics. We have checked the veracity of this prediction for other values of ($V_1,\:V_2$), within the range $1<V_i<10$ ($i$=1, 2). [[ From the perspective of quantum spin chains [@nijs1989] as also in roughening transition, similar multi-phase properties have previously been reported [@park1993], in which the transition from the $n=1/2$ to the $n=2$ phase respectively represented a half-integral spin to an integral spin conformation transition, or a pre-roughening to a roughening transition (or a cross-over). These studies also highlight the importance of possible long-ranged phase correlations, and hence spatially controlled transitions [@akc1999], that could be studied in the present context as well.]{}]{} Conclusions {#conclusions .unnumbered} =========== Using a complementary combination of analytical (dynamic renormalization group) and numerical techniques, we explore the nonequilibrium scaling features of a stochastically perturbed smectic-C${}^{*}$ liquid crystal that on the one hand confirms known experimental results (prediction of a KPZ phase), while paradigmatically, unearths a “hidden” phase (subdiffusive phase) that has eluded experimentalists thus far. The prediction of the KPZ universality class from our model, in 1+1 dimensions, validates a recent experimental work by Takeuchi and Sano [@sano] where they studied the scale-invariant fluctuations of growing interfaces in nematic liquid crystal turbulence. As a perturbed phase, the N$^*$ and SmC$^*$ phases too are expected to behave identically. From a general perspective, for experiments involving more than one spatial dimension, the remit of this model could be easily extended as in [@akc]. Even for such high-dimensional phases, our model predicts the emergence of a KPZ universality class. Figures 1-4 affirm the transition to the KPZ fixed points noted in these experiments. A remarkable feature of our numerical analysis is the identification of a hitherto unexplored subdiffusive “smoother” phase characterized by critical exponent values ($\alpha=\frac 13,\:\beta=\frac 13,z=\frac{\alpha}{\beta}=1$). We find that this phase flows over to a KPZ phase with vamped up external forcing ($F$) but otherwise remains dynamically preserved. In other words, this is not a transient feature of this model analysis and should be observable from experiments. We have provided a range of parameter values whereby such a phase could be traced. Here, we have studied the impact of stochastic fluctuations in modifying the spatiotemporal properties of ferroelectric SmC$^*$ liquid crystals in the presence of an electric field. Our model predicts a first order N$^*$-SmC$^*$ phase transition, and thereby offers the first theoretical ramification of the experimental observations of a KPZ phase as in [@sano1; @sano], with others [@patel86; @biradar96; @biradar00] following suit. Our approach extends the remit of the experimental finding of the emergence of a KPZ universality class, showing that other universality classes could also appear, while identifying parameter regimes to look for the same. The implication of finite sized impurities and their contribution in related (likely non-universal) dynamical regimes are likely to enthuse a new generation of material science research, routed in liquid crystals. Appendix 1: Second-ordered perturbed correlation functions {#appendix-1-second-ordered-perturbed-correlation-functions .unnumbered} ========================================================== The two-point correlation functions, up to second-order in perturbation, starting from the free energy representation $\Psi$ is Eq. (9), are presented below: $$\begin{aligned} <\delta h^{(0)}(z,t)\delta h^{(1)(z,t)}>&=&-\frac {4\pi^2V_1}{a^2}\int_{-\infty}^tdt^{\prime} \int dz^{\prime} \cos\bigg[\frac {2\pi}{a}(\bar{h}+\frac {Ft^{\prime}}{\eta})\bigg] G_0(z-z^{\prime},t-t^{\prime}) \nonumber \\ &&\times<\delta h^{(0)}(z,t)\delta h^{(0)}(z^{\prime},t^{\prime})> \nonumber \\ &&+\frac {8\pi^2V_2}{a^2}\int_{-\infty}^tdt^{\prime} \int dz^{\prime} \cos\bigg[\frac {4\pi}{a}(\bar{h}+\frac {Ft^{\prime}}{\eta})\bigg] G_0(z-z^{\prime},t-t^{\prime}) \nonumber \\ &&\times<\delta h^{(0)}(z,t)\delta h^{(0)}(z^{\prime},t^{\prime}),\:\:\text{and} \label{ncorre1}\end{aligned}$$ $$\begin{aligned} <\partial_i \delta h^{(0)}(z,t)\partial_i \delta h^{(1)}(z,t)>&=& \frac {\eta}{2\gamma}\int_{-\infty}^tdt^{\prime} \displaystyle \int dz^{\prime} \:G_0(z-z^{\prime},t-t^{\prime})\displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^{2} -\left(\frac {z_i^{\prime}-z_i}{t-t^{\prime}}\right) \nonumber \\ &\times& \bigg[-\frac {4\pi^2V_1}{a^2}\cos\bigg[\frac {2\pi}{a}\bigg(\bar{h}(z^{\prime},t^{\prime})+\frac {Ft^{\prime}} {\eta}\bigg)\bigg] +\frac {8\pi^2V_2}{a^2}\cos\bigg[\frac {4\pi}{a}\bigg(\bar{h}(z^{\prime},t^{\prime})+\frac {Ft^{\prime}}{\eta}\bigg)\bigg] \nonumber \\ &\times& <\partial_i \delta h^{(0)}(z,t)\:\partial_i \delta h^{(0)}( z^{\prime},t^{\prime})>. \label{ncorre2}\end{aligned}$$ The forms shown in Eqs. (\[ncorre1\], \[ncorre2\]) then provide the detailed form of the (second-order) perturbed free energy function: $$\begin{aligned} \Psi_{SG}&\approx &-\frac {8\pi^3V_1^2T}{\gamma^2a^5}(\frac{a^2}{4\pi^2K^2}) \Delta l\int_{-\infty}^t\frac {dt^{\prime}} {t-t^{\prime}}\int dz^{\prime}e^{i\Lambda|z-z^{\prime}|} \times e^{-[\frac {\gamma}{2\eta}\frac {(z-z^{\prime})^2}{(t-t^{\prime})}-\frac{\gamma} {\eta}\Lambda^2(t-t^{\prime}) -\frac {2\pi^2}{a^2}{<(\bar{h}(z,t)-\bar{h} (z^{\prime},t^{\prime})^2>}_{\delta N}]} \nonumber \\ &\times &\bigg[\frac {2\pi}{a}\bigg(\frac {\partial }{\partial t}\bar{h}(z,t)(t-t^{\prime})- \frac 12 \partial_i\partial_j\bar{h}(z,t)(z_i-z_i^{\prime})(z_j-z_j^{\prime})\bigg) \nonumber \\ &\times &\cos\bigg(\frac {2\pi}{a}\frac {F}{\eta}(t-t^{\prime})\bigg)+\bigg(1-\frac {2\pi^2}{a^2}[ \partial_i \bar{h}(z,t)]^2(z_i-z_i^{\prime})^2\bigg) \times \sin\bigg(\frac {2\pi}{a}\frac {F}{\eta}(t-t^{\prime})\bigg)\bigg] \nonumber \\ &&-\frac {64\pi^3V_2^2T}{\gamma^2a^5}\bigg(\frac{a^2}{4\pi^2K^2}\bigg)\xi \Delta l\int_{-\infty}^t\frac {dt^{\prime}} {t-t^{\prime}}\int dz^{\prime}e^{i\Lambda|z-z^{\prime}|} \times e^{-[\frac {\gamma}{2\eta}\frac {(z-z^{\prime})^2}{(t-t^{\prime})}-\frac{\gamma} {\eta}\Lambda^2(t-t^{\prime}) -\frac {8\pi^2}{a^2}{<(\bar{h}(z,t)-\bar{h} (z^{\prime},t^{\prime})^2>}_{\delta N}]} \nonumber \\ &\times &\bigg[\frac {4\pi}{a}\bigg(\frac {\partial }{\partial t}\bar{h}(z,t)(t-t^{\prime})- \frac 12 \partial_i\partial_j\bar{h}(z,t)(z_i-z_i^{\prime})(z_j-z_j^{\prime})\bigg) \nonumber \\ &\times &\cos\bigg(\frac {4\pi}{a}\frac {F}{\eta}(t-t^{\prime})\bigg)+\bigg(1-\frac {8\pi^2}{a^2}[ \partial_i \bar{h}(z,t)]^2(z_i-z_i^{\prime})^2\bigg) \times \sin\bigg(\frac {4\pi}{a}\frac {F}{\eta}(t-t^{\prime})\bigg)\bigg] . \label{npsi5}\end{aligned}$$ [99]{} Kardar, M., Parisi, G. and Zhang, S. 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[*Dielectric behavior at the smectic-C$^*$ - chiral-nematic phase transition of a ferroelectric liquid crystal*]{}. Phys. Rev. E [**53**]{}, 641 (1996). Kumar, S. [*Liquid Crystals: Experimental Studies of Physical Properties and Phase Transitions*]{}. (Cambridge University Press (2011). Chattopadhyay, A. K. and Mukherjee, P. K. [*Dynamics of cholesteric liquid crystals in the presence of random magnetic fields*]{}. Europhys. Lett. [**112**]{}, 60002 (2015). Takeuchi, K. A. and Sano, M. [*Universal fluctuations of growing interfaces: Evidence in turbulent liquid crystals*]{}. Phys. Rev. Lett. [**104**]{}, 230601 (2010). Takeuchi, K. A. and Sano, M. [*Evidence for geometry-dependent universal fluctuations of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang interfaces in liquid-crystal turbulence*]{}. J. Stat. Phys. [**147**]{}, 853 (2012). Golubovic, L. and Wang, Z. G. [*Anharmonic Elasticity of Smectics A and Kardar-Parisi-Zhang Model*]{}. Phys. Rev. Lett. [**69**]{}, 2535 (1992). Golubovic, L. and Wang, Zhen-Gang [*Kardar-Parisi-Zhang model and anomalous elasticity of two and three dimensional smectic-A liquid crystals*]{}. Phys. Rev. E [**49**]{}, 2567 (1994). Geng, Y. et al. [*High-fidelity spherical cholesteric liquid crystal Bragg reflectors generating unclonable patterns for secure authentication*]{}. Scientific Rep. [**6**]{}, 26840 (2016). Slussarenko, S. et al. [*Guiding light via geometric phases*]{}. Nature Phtonics (2016); doi: 10.1038/nphoton.2016.138. Pujolle-Robic, C. and Noirez, L. [*Observation of shear-induced nematic-isotropic transition in side-chain liquid crystal polymers*]{}. Nature [**409**]{}, 167 (2000). van der Kooij, F. M., Kassapidou, K. and Lekkerkerker, H. N. W. [*Liquid crystal phase transitions in suspensions of polydisperse plate-like particles*]{}. Nature [**406**]{}, 868 (2000). Cladis, P. E. and van Saarloos, W. in : Solitons in Liquid Crystals (edited by Lam, and Prost, J. ), p. 110, (Springer-Verlog, New York, 1992). Modanese, G., [*The vacuum state of quantum gravity contains large virtual masses*]{}, Classical and Quantum Gravity [**24**]{}(8), 1899 (2007). Risken, H. [*The Fokker-Planck Equation: Methods of Solution and Applications*]{}. (Springer 2013). Nozieres, P. and Gallet, F. [*The roughening transition of crystal surfaces. I. static and dynamic renormalization theory, crystal shape and facet growth*]{}. J. Phys. (Paris) [**48**]{}, 353 (1987). Chattopadhyay, A. K. [*The role of pinning and instability in a class of non-equilibrium growth models*]{}. Eur. Phys. J. B [**29**]{}, 567 (2002). Derrida, B. [*Non-equilibrium steady states: Fluctuations and large deviations of the density and of the current.*]{} J. Stat. Mech. 2007, P07023 (2007). Jarzynski, C. [*Equalities and inequalities: Irreversibility and the second law of thermodynamics at the nanoscale.*]{} Ann. Rev. Cond. Mat. Phys. [**2**]{}, 329-351 (2011); [*ibid*]{}. [*Diverse phenomena*]{}. Nature Phys. [**11**]{}, 105-107 (2015). Hohenberg, P. C. and Halperin, B. I. [*Theory of dynamic critical phenomena*]{}. Rev. Mod. Phys. [**49**]{}, 435 (1977). Amit, D. J., Goldschmidt, Y. Y. and Grinstein, S. [*Renormalisation group analysis of the phase transition in the 2D Coulomb gas, Sine-Gordon theory and XY-model*]{}. J. Phys. A [**13**]{}, 585 (1980). Rost, M. and Spohn, H. [*Renormalization of the driven sine-Gordon equation in 2+1 dimensions*]{}. Phys. Rev. E [**49**]{}, 3709 [1994]{}. Patel, J. S. and Goodby, J. W. [*Alignment of liquid crystals which exhibit cholesteric to smectic C$^*$ phase transitions*]{}. J. Appl. Phys. [**59**]{}, 2355 (1986). Biradar, A. M. et al. [*Switching dynamics of first order phase transition FLCs on a polymer rubbed surface*]{}. Liq. Cryst. [**20**]{}, 641 (1996). Biradar, A. M. et al. [*A sub-hertz frequency dielectric relaxation process in a ferroelectric liquid crystal material*]{}. Liq. Cryst. [**27**]{}, 225 (2000). Bustamente, C., Liphardt, J. and Ritort, F. [*The nonequilibrium thermodynamics of small systems.*]{} Phys. Today [**58**]{}, 43-48 (2005); Seifert, U. [*Stochastic thermodynamics, fluctuation theorems and molecular machines.*]{} Rep. Prog. Phys. 75, 126001 (2012). den Nijs M. and Rommelse, K., [*Preroughening transitions in crystal surfaces and valence-bond phases in quantum spin chain*]{}, Phys. Rev. B Cond. Mat. [**40**]{}(7), 4709 (1989). Park, K. and Kahng, B., [*Dynamics of the preroughening transition*]{}, J. Phys. A: Math. and Gen. [**26**]{} (12), 2895 (1993). Chattopadhyay, A. K., [*Nonlocal Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation with spatially correlated noise*]{}, Phys. Rev. E [**60**]{}(1), 293 (1999). Author contributions statement {#author-contributions-statement .unnumbered} ============================== [[Both authors, Amit K Chattopadhyay and Prabir K. Mukherjee, have equally contributed to this article. ]{}]{} Ethical Approval and Informed Consent {#ethical-approval-and-informed-consent .unnumbered} ===================================== All (numerical) data (none involving live or biological samples) were collected in full compliance to requirements set by the Aston University Ethics Committee (https://www.ethics.aston.ac.uk/) and as per Human Resource Development, India. Additional Information {#additional-information .unnumbered} ====================== [**Figure 1**]{}: Brief Title Sentence: DRG flow integral: $A^{(\eta)}_{\mu=1}(n;\kappa)$ versus $\kappa$;\ Variation of the DRG flow integral $A^{(\eta)}_{\mu}(n;\kappa)$ with renormalized force $\kappa$ for $\mu=1$. The discontinuity observed between $0.25<\kappa<0.5$ is a signature of the phase transition to the KPZ phase.\ [**Figure 2**]{}: Brief Title Sentence: DRG flow integral: $A^{(\gamma)}_{\mu=1}(n;\kappa)$ versus $\kappa$;\ Variation of the DRG flow integral $A^{(\gamma)}_{\mu}(n;\kappa)$ with renormalized force $\kappa$ for $\mu=1$. The discontinuity observed between $0.25<\kappa<0.5$ is a signature of the phase transition to the KPZ phase.\ [**Figure 3**]{}: Brief Title Sentence: DRG flow integral: $A^{(\kappa)}_{\mu=1}(n;\kappa)$ versus $\kappa$;\ Variation of the DRG flow integral $A^{(\kappa)}_{\mu}(n;\kappa)$ with renormalized force $\kappa$ for $\mu=1$. The discontinuity observed between $0.25<\kappa<0.5$ is a signature of the phase transition to the KPZ phase.\ [**Figure 4**]{}: Brief Title Sentence: DRG flow integral: $A^{(\lambda)}_{\mu=1}(n;\kappa)$ versus $\kappa$;\ Variation of the DRG flow integral $A^{(\lambda)}_{\mu}(n;\kappa)$ with renormalized force $\kappa$ for $\mu=1$. The discontinuity observed between $0.25<\kappa<0.5$ is a signature of the phase transition to the KPZ phase.\ [**Figure 5**]{}: Brief Title Sentence: Spatial correlation functions;\ Spatial correlation function $C_x$ plotted against the spatial separation $x$ in the loglog scale for $V_1=1, \:V_2=1, \:\eta=1$, respectively for $F=1,\:10,\:20$, as shown in the plots. The results show a remarkable phase transition from the “subdiffusive” phase defined by $\alpha \sim 0.33,\:\beta \sim 0.33$ to a KPZ [@kpz] phase defined by $\alpha\sim 0.5,\:\beta\sim 0.33$. As the ramping force $F$ increases from a relatively low ($F=1$) to high values ($F=10,\:20$), the system crosses over from a subdiffusive universality class to a KPZ universality class.\ [**Figure 6**]{}: Brief Title Sentence: Temporal correlation functions;\ Temporal correlation function $C_t$ plotted against time difference $t$ in the loglog scale for $V_1=1, \:V_2=1, \:\eta=1$, respectively for $F=1,\:10,\:20$, as shown in the plots. All gradients converge to the fixed value $\beta \sim 0.33$. The growth exponent is clearly unaffected by the ramping force $F$.\ **Competing Financial Interests** The authors declare no competing financial interests. | High | [
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Alexander Neckam Alexander Neckam(8 September 115731 March 1217) was an English scholar, teacher, theologian and abbot of Cirencester Abbey from 1213 until his death. Early life Born on 8 September 1157 in St Albans, Alexander shared his birthday with King Richard I. For this reason, his mother, Hodierna of St Albans, was hired by the royal household under Henry II to serve as a wet nurse for the future monarch. As a result, Alexander was raised as Richard's foster-brother in their early years. Works Speculum speculationum The Speculum speculationum (edited by Rodney M. Thomson, 1988) is Neckam's major surviving contribution to the science of theology. It is unfinished in its current form, but covers a fairly standard range of theological topics derived from Peter Lombard's Sentences and Augustine. Neckam is not regarded as an especially innovative or profound theologian, although he is notable for his early interest in the ideas of St. Anselm of Canterbury. His outlook in the Speculum, a work written very late in his life, probably in 1215, and perhaps drawing heavily on his teaching notes from the past decades, combines an interest in the Platonic writings of earlier 12th-century thinkers such as Thierry of Chartres and William of Conches, with an early appreciation of the newly translated writings of Aristotle and Avicenna. Neckam was a firm admirer of Aristotle as an authority in natural science as well as in the logical arts, one of the first Latin thinkers since antiquity to credit this aspect of the Stagirite's output. In the Speculum speculationum Alexander identifies one of his key purposes as combating the Cathar heresy, particularly its belief in dualism. He spends a large part of Book 1 on this, and thereafter passes on to focus on his other key purpose, the application of dialectic logic to the study of theology. De utensilibus and De naturis rerum Besides theology, Neckam was interested in the study of grammar and natural history, but his name is chiefly associated with nautical science. In his De utensilibus and De naturis rerum (both written at about 1190), Neckam has preserved to us the earliest European notices of the magnetized needle as a guide to seamen and the earliest European description of the compass. Outside China, these seem to be the earliest records. It was probably in Paris that Neckam heard how a ship, among its other stores, must have a needle placed above a magnet (the De utensilibus assumes a needle mounted on a pivot), which would revolve until it pointed north and thus guide sailors in murky weather or on starless nights. Neckam does not seem to think of this as a startling novelty: he merely records what had apparently become the regular practice of many seamen of the Catholic world. However, De naturis rerum itself was written as a preface to Neckam's commentary on the book of Ecclesiastes, itself a part of a wider programme of biblical commentary encompassing the Song of Solomon and the Psalms, representing the three branches of wisdom literature. It was not intended as an independent and free-standing encyclopedic work in its own right, and indeed it is mostly filled with fanciful moralising allegories rather than a detailed natural philosophy. See Thomas Wright's edition of Neckam's De naturis rerum and De laudibus divinae sapientiae in the Rolls Series (1863), and of the De utensilibus in his Volume of Vocabularies. Out of all Neckam's writings on natural history, the De naturis rerum, a sort of manual of the scientific knowledge of the 12th century, is by far the most important: the magnet passage referred to above is in Book 2, Chapter 98 (De vi attractiva), p. 183 of Wright's edition. The corresponding section in the De utensilibus is on p. 114 of the Volume of Vocabularies. Other works Neckam also displays a keen interest in contemporary medical science. In particular he draws many ideas from the philosophical writings of the Salernitan medical master Urso of Calabria, particularly De commixtionibus elementorum on humoral theory. Neckam also wrote Corrogationes Promethei, a scriptural commentary prefaced by a treatise on grammatical criticism; a translation of Aesop into Latin elegiacs (six fables from this version, as given in a Paris manuscript, are printed in Robert's Fables inedites); commentaries, on portions of Aristotle and Ovid's Metamorphoses, which remain unprinted, and on Martianus Capella, which has recently received an edition, and on other works. His version of Aesop's fables in elegiac verse, called Novus Aesopus, is a collection of 42 fables taken from the prose Romulus. He also composed a shorter Novus Avianus, taken from Avianus. A supplementary poem to De laudibus divinae sapientiae, called simply the Suppletio defectuum, covers further material on animals and the natural world, as well as cosmology, free will, astrology and the human soul. An edition of this and several of Neckam's minor poems, edited by P. Hochgurtel, was published as a part of the Brepols Corpus Christianorum Continuatio Medievalis series in 2008. It has been speculated (Spargo, Virgil the Necromancer, 1934) that Neckam might also have been unwittingly responsible for starting the late medieval legends about Virgil's alleged magical powers. In commenting on Virgil, Neckam used the phrase "Vergilius fecit culex" to describe the writing of one of Virgil's earlier poems, Culex ("The Gnat"). This may have been misinterpreted by later readers as "Virgil made a gnat" and formed the basis for the legend of Virgil's magic fly which killed all other flies it came across and thus preserved civic hygiene. See also History of geomagnetism Hodierna of St Albans, his mother Editions Notes Roger Bacon's reference to Neckam as a grammatical writer (in multis vera et utitia scripsit: sed ... inter auctores non potest numerari) may be found in Ebenezer Cobham Brewer's (Rolls Series) edition of Bacon's Opera inedita, p. 457. R. W. Hunt, Margaret Gibson, The Schools and the Cloister: The Life and Writings of Alexander Nequam (1157–1217) (1984) Thomas Wright, Biographia Britannica literaria, Anglo-Norman Period, pp. 449–459 (1846) (some points in this are modified in the 1863 edition of De naturis rerum) C. Raymond Beazley, Dawn of Modern Geography, iii. pp. 508–509. References External links ARLIMA biography and bibliography Catholic Encyclopedia entry for Alexander of Neckham (newadvent.org) Category:Augustinian canons Category:1157 births Category:1217 deaths Category:People from St Albans Category:People educated at St Albans School, Hertfordshire Category:English Christian theologians Category:Medieval Latin poets Category:Magneticians Category:12th-century English people Category:13th-century English people Category:12th-century Latin writers Category:13th-century Latin writers Category:12th-century English writers Category:13th-century English writers | High | [
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2'-C-branched ribonucleosides. 2. Synthesis of 2'-C-beta-trifluoromethyl pyrimidine ribonucleosides. [structure: see text]. The first synthesis of 2'-C-beta-trifluoromethyl pyrimidine ribonucleosides is described. 1,2,3,5-Tetra-O-benzoyl-2-C-beta-trifluoromethyl-alpha-D-ribofuranose (3) is prepared from 1,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-alpha-D-ribofuranose (1) in three steps and converted to 3,5-di-O-benzoyl-2-C-beta-trifluoromethyl-alpha-D-1-ribofuranosyl bromide (5). The 1-bromo derivative (5) is found to be a powerful reaction intermediate for the synthesis of ribonucleosides. The reaction of silylated pyrimidines with (5) in the presence of HgO/HgBr2 affords exclusively the beta-anomers (6-8). Deprotection of (6-8) with ammonia in methanol yields the 2'-C-beta-trifluoromethyl nucleosides (9-11). | High | [
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Windows and Windows ServerTestTaker on Windows is portable. This means that once you have installed TestTaker, you can copy the application folder (named TestTkr by default) to another computer, or to a server location. To install TestTaker: | Mid | [
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And (used to connect grammatically coordinate words, phrases, or clauses) along or together with; as well as; in addition to; besides; also; moreover: pens and pencils. added to; plus: 2 and 2 are 4. then: He read for an hour and went to bed. also, at the same time: to sleep and dream. then again; repeatedly: He coughed and coughed. (used to imply different qualities in things having the same name): There are bargains and bargains, so watch out. (used to introduce a sentence, implying continuation) also; then: And then it happened. [Informal.]to (used between two finite verbs): Try and do it. Call and see if she's home yet. (used to introduce a consequence or conditional result): He felt sick and decided to lie down for a while. Say one more word about it and I'll scream. but; on the contrary: He tried to run five miles and couldn't. They said they were about to leave and then stayed for two more hours. (used to connect alternatives): He felt that he was being forced to choose between his career and his family. (used to introduce a comment on the preceding clause): They don't like each other--and with good reason. [Archaic.]if: and you please.Cf. an2. and so forth, and the like; and others; et cetera: We discussed traveling, sightseeing, and so forth. and so on, and more things or others of a similar kind; and the like: It was a summer filled with parties, picnics, and so on. n. an added condition, stipulation, detail, or particular: He accepted the job, no ands or buts about it. conjunction (def. 5b). For for (fôr; unstressed fər),USA pronunciation prep. with the object or purpose of: to run for exercise. intended to belong to, or be used in connection with: equipment for the army; a closet for dishes. suiting the purposes or needs of: medicine for the aged. in order to obtain, gain, or acquire: a suit for alimony; to work for wages. (used to express a wish, as of something to be experienced or obtained): O, for a cold drink! sensitive or responsive to: an eye for beauty. desirous of: a longing for something; a taste for fancy clothes. in consideration or payment of; in return for: three for a dollar; to be thanked for one's efforts. appropriate or adapted to: a subject for speculation; clothes for winter. with regard or respect to: pressed for time; too warm for April. during the continuance of: for a long time. in favor of; on the side of: to be for honest government. in place of; instead of: a substitute for butter. in the interest of; on behalf of: to act for a client. in exchange for; as an offset to: blow for blow; money for goods. in punishment of: payment for the crime. in honor of: to give a dinner for a person. with the purpose of reaching: to start for London. contributive to: for the advantage of everybody. in order to save: to flee for one's life. in order to become: to train recruits for soldiers. in assignment or attribution to: an appointment for the afternoon; That's for you to decide. such as to allow of or to require: too many for separate mention. such as results in: his reason for going. as affecting the interests or circumstances of: bad for one's health. in proportion or with reference to: He is tall for his age. in the character of; as being: to know a thing for a fact. by reason of; because of: to shout for joy; a city famed for its beauty. in spite of: He's a decent guy for all that. to the extent or amount of: to walk for a mile. (used to introduce a subject in an infinitive phrase): It's time for me to go. (used to indicate the number of successes out of a specified number of attempts): The batter was 2 for 4 in the game. for it, See in (def. 21). conj. seeing that; since. because. Howdy , this post is about Lakes In Kentucky With Cabin Rentals #2 Lake Cumberland Cabin Rentals Come In All Sizes And Offer Something For Everyone.. This attachment is a image/jpeg and the resolution of this file is 4965 x 3305. This post's file size is only 3352 KB. Wether You desired to save It to Your PC, you can Click here. You could also see more images by clicking the photo below or read more at here: Lakes In Kentucky With Cabin Rentals. HPL is not proposed for a stand plus wall-coverings in the Lakes In Kentucky With Cabin Rentals. HPL character isn't water easy and resistant to peel the installment off in the edges are not nice. Select a content that is easy to clear as glass and ceramic supplies. If using tile- designed bits, choose the tile pieces aren't too little. Pieces which can be too modest cause the grout that's increasingly more. Note also the distance grout installment isn't too large. The utilization of high intensity helping to make the likelihood of damaged product be and to collide bigger. Select a material that may be improved such as surface that is solid and granite. If openings or cracks don't need-to substitute totally, because of the section that was ruined could be patched. In contrast to the metal content and mirrors. In the event the material is harmed in many aspect simply, has to be enhanced overall. Several pores let viruses or stain difficult to completely clean and live in. Solid-surface material superior in this Lakes In Kentucky With Cabin Rentals #2 Lake Cumberland Cabin Rentals Come In All Sizes And Offer Something For Everyone.. However marble and pebble may still be utilized throughout the cure completed periodically. Wall and table is in direct experience of food that can enter our anatomies. Use covering products that not include chemicals which can be harmful to the human body. | Low | [
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// // MZScriptingEnums.m // MetaZ // // Created by Brian Olsen on 01/11/12. // Copyright 2012 Maven-Group. All rights reserved. // #import "MZScriptingEnums.h" #import "MZScriptingAdditions.h" @implementation MZScriptingEnumerator @synthesize name; @synthesize code; @synthesize description; @synthesize objectValue; + (id)scriptingEnumeratorWithName:(NSString *)name code:(OSType)code description:(NSString *)description value:(id)value; { return [[[self alloc] initWithName:name code:code description:description value:value] autorelease]; } - (id)initWithName:(NSString *)aName code:(OSType)aCode description:(NSString *)aDescription value:(id)aValue; { self = [super init]; if(self) { name = [aName retain]; code = aCode; description = [aDescription retain]; objectValue = [aValue retain]; } return self; } - (void)dealloc { [name release]; [description release]; [objectValue release]; [super dealloc]; } - (NSAppleEventDescriptor *)scriptingAnyDescriptor; { return [NSAppleEventDescriptor descriptorWithEnumCode:code]; } @end @interface MZScriptingEnums () + (id)scriptingEnumsWithBundle:(NSBundle *)bundle; - (id)initWithBundle:(NSBundle *)bundle; - (void)load; @end @implementation MZScriptingEnums + (id)scriptingEnumsForMainBundle; { return [MZScriptingEnums scriptingEnumsForBundle:[NSBundle mainBundle]]; } static NSMutableDictionary *sharedScriptingEnums = nil; + (id)scriptingEnumsForBundle:(NSBundle *)bundle; { MZScriptingEnums * ret; @synchronized(self) { if(!sharedScriptingEnums) sharedScriptingEnums = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init]; ret = [sharedScriptingEnums objectForKey:[bundle bundleIdentifier]]; if(!ret) { ret = [MZScriptingEnums scriptingEnumsWithBundle:bundle]; [sharedScriptingEnums setObject:ret forKey:[bundle bundleIdentifier]]; [ret load]; } } return ret; } + (id)scriptingEnumsWithBundle:(NSBundle *)bundle; { return [[[self alloc] initWithBundle:bundle] autorelease]; } - (id)initWithBundle:(NSBundle *)aBundle; { self = [super init]; if(self) { bundle = [aBundle retain]; } return self; } - (void)dealloc { [bundle release]; [codeToEnumValue release]; [nameToEnum release]; [super dealloc]; } - (void)load { NSString* file = [bundle objectForInfoDictionaryKey:@"OSAScriptingDefinition"]; file = [NSString pathWithComponents:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:[bundle resourcePath], file, nil]]; NSURL* url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:file]; NSError* error = nil; NSMutableDictionary* codes = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary]; NSMutableDictionary* enums = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary]; NSXMLDocument* doc = [[NSXMLDocument alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:url options:0 error:&error]; NSArray* enumerations = [doc nodesForXPath:@"//enumeration" error:&error]; for(NSXMLElement* enumeration in enumerations) { NSString* enumerationName = [[enumeration attributeForName:@"name"] stringValue]; NSMutableDictionary* values = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary]; NSArray* enumerators = [enumeration nodesForXPath:@"enumerator" error:&error]; for(NSXMLElement* enumerator in enumerators) { NSString* name = [[enumerator attributeForName:@"name"] stringValue]; NSString* codeStr = [[enumerator attributeForName:@"code"] stringValue]; OSType code = ' '; const char* codeCStr = [codeStr cStringUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding]; NSUInteger l = [codeStr length]; if(l>0) { code = (((OSType)codeCStr[0]) << 24); if(l>1) code = code | (((OSType)codeCStr[1]) << 16); if(l>2) code = code | (((OSType)codeCStr[2]) << 8); if(l>3) code = code | ((OSType)codeCStr[3]); } NSString* description = [[enumerator attributeForName:@"description"] stringValue]; id objectValue = nil; NSXMLElement* cocoa = [[enumerator nodesForXPath:@"cocoa" error:&error] lastObject]; if(cocoa) { NSString* boolStr = [[cocoa attributeForName:@"boolean-value"] stringValue]; if(boolStr) { if([boolStr caseInsensitiveCompare:@"YES"] == NSOrderedSame) objectValue = [NSNumber numberWithBool:YES]; else objectValue = [NSNumber numberWithBool:NO]; } if(!objectValue) { NSString* strValue = [[cocoa attributeForName:@"string-value"] stringValue]; if(strValue) objectValue = strValue; } if(!objectValue) { NSString* strValue = [[cocoa attributeForName:@"integer-value"] stringValue]; if(strValue) objectValue = [NSNumber numberWithInteger:[strValue integerValue]]; } } if(!objectValue) objectValue = [NSValue valueWithFourCharCode:code]; MZScriptingEnumerator* actual = [MZScriptingEnumerator scriptingEnumeratorWithName:name code:code description:description value:objectValue]; [codes setObject:actual forKey:[NSValue valueWithFourCharCode:code]]; [values setObject:actual forKey:objectValue]; } [enums setObject:[NSDictionary dictionaryWithDictionary:values] forKey:enumerationName]; } [doc release]; codeToEnumValue = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithDictionary:codes]; nameToEnum = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithDictionary:enums]; } - (MZScriptingEnumerator *)enumValueWithCode:(OSType)code; { return [codeToEnumValue objectForKey:[NSValue valueWithFourCharCode:code]]; } - (MZScriptingEnumerator *)enumValueForEnum:(NSString *)name withValue:(id)value; { return [[nameToEnum objectForKey:name] objectForKey:value]; } - (NSArray *)valuesForEnum:(NSString *)name; { NSDictionary* theEnum = [nameToEnum objectForKey:name]; if(!theEnum) return nil; return [theEnum allValues]; } - (NSArray *)names; { return [nameToEnum allKeys]; } @end | Mid | [
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Q: Replace the Ajax.ActionLink by the same functionality with jQuery With asp.net mvc we can do an ajax call like this: @{ var ajaxOpts = new AjaxOptions { UpdateTargetId = "main-content", OnBegin = "fctTabLoading", OnComplete = "fctTabLoaded", InsertionMode = InsertionMode.Replace }; } @Ajax.ActionLink("my link text", "MyAction", "MyController", new { id = Model.RequestID }, ajaxOpts) Which produce the following html: <a data-ajax="true" data-ajax-begin="fctTabLoading" data-ajax-complete="fctTabLoaded" data-ajax-mode="replace" data-ajax-update="#main-content" href="/MyController/MyAction/19">my link text</a> Now I would like to execute the same ajax call but from jQuery and I don't know how to proceed! I would like something like: $.ajax({ type: "Post", url: myURL, begin: fctTabLoading, complete: fctTabLoaded, mode: "replace", update: "#main-content", cache: false, success: function () { alert('success'); } }); I know the above ajax script won't work because 'mode' and 'update' are not recognized. So I am blocked. It drives me crazy :( Why I cannot use the MVC ActionLink? Because I first need to show a jquery dialog to let the user confirm then only do the ajax call in order to refresh a specific div on my page. Any help is greatly appreciated. Thanks. A: You could start by replacing your Ajax link with a normal link: @Html.ActionLink( "my link text", // linkText "MyAction", // actionName "MyController", // controllerName new { id = Model.RequestID }, // routeValues new { id = "mylink" } // htmlAttributes ) which will produce the following markup: <a href="/MyController/MyAction/12345" id="mylink">my link text</a> and then in a separate js file unobtrusively AJAXify it: $(function() { $('#mylink').click(function() { $.ajax({ url: this.href, type: 'POST', beforeSend: fctTabLoading, // corresponds to your OnBegin callback complete: fctTabLoaded, // corresponds to your OnComplete callback success: function(result) { $('#main-content').html(result); } }); return false; }); }); | Mid | [
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I know it's hard to plan meet-ups, but does anyone want to do anything next weekend (Nov 5-6)? I'm coming from Detroit for VeganMania and will be by myself. I'm happy to just eat my way across town, but it's always more fun to eat with other vegans! Also, any suggestions for things to do that weekend? I've been to all the major attractions in Chicago, now I'm just looking for the random, non-publicized things to do. And TheAmazonProject, I wish the Feist show was Saturday, then I would definitely go. I just can't quite justify an extra night in a hotel AND a concert ticket. Lunch is awesome, after lunch I can do some shopping, which works out nice. I'm lazy, so if we did dinner I'd wait to go to the city just for dinner, and everything would be closed afterwards. So yes to lunch. _________________In addition to BB creams, we now have CC creams and even DD creams. Where's my ZZ cream? I need help growing a sweet beard.-amandabear I know it's hard to plan meet-ups, but does anyone want to do anything next weekend (Nov 5-6)? I'm coming from Detroit for VeganMania and will be by myself. I'm happy to just eat my way across town, but it's always more fun to eat with other vegans! Well, I'm definitely going to VeganMania, and I'll be by myself, so I'd love to meet up with some PPKers there! I'll be at VeganMania along with a small contingent of Milwaukeeans! I think we'll be getting there around 2, maybe 2:30 PM. Possible plans for dinner after the fest involve Native Foods, Handlebar, the Diner, or all of the above. While I closely resemble a garden variety hipster (mousy, pale, freckled, bucktoothed, black-frame bespectacled, Queen Bee shoulder bag, Psychopathic Records tattoo, etc.) so I doubt I'll stick out in the crowd, on the off-chance you see me, say hi! I do so love meeting and subsequently high-fiving my fellow twig and berry-eaters. Ah! I've been gone! Meetup this Sunday!? At Quesadilla? I'd like to go, but I have a rehearsal way up on Broadway until 2 (that *might* end early) and it would take me at least 15 minutes to get to Logan Square. So 2 or 2:30 would be good for me. P.S. Does anyone want to take Krav Maga classes with me? I'm thinking about taking classes here: http://kravmagaillinois.com/ It's in Highland Park, but it has the best reviews and most frequent classes (making it easier to make it to the classes). I contacted them for pricing info but that was only this morning, so I don't know that yet. (FYI, the price range is between $110 to $145 a month depending on what you go for. I believe they are both unlimited packages, but they have other classes besides Krav Maga, so maybe that's where it gets fuzzy. I finally got through on the phone, but didn't want to get too bothersome with having them explain, but there is a free trial if anyone would just like to do that with me!) | Low | [
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421 F.2d 475 70-1 USTC P 12,649 The CLEVELAND TRUST COMPANY and A. Dean Perry, Executors ofthe Estate of Helen Wade Greene, Deceased,Plaintiffs-Appellees,v.UNITED STATES of America, Defendant-Appellant.The CLEVELAND TRUST COMPANY and A. Dean Perry, Executors ofthe Estate of Helen Wade Greene, Deceased,Plaintiffs-Cross Appellants,v.UNITED STATES of America, Defendant-Cross Appellee. Nos. 19175, 19176. United States Court of Appeals Sixth Circuit. Jan. 23, 1970. Thomas V. Koykka, Cleveland, Ohio, for Cleveland Trust, etc., Carlton B. Schnell, Arter & Hadden, Cleveland, Ohio, on brief. Michael B. Arkin, Atty., Dept. of Justice, Washington, D.C., for United States, Richard M. Roberts, Acting Asst. Atty. Gen., Lee A. Jackson, Jona-than S. Cohen, Attys., Dept. of Justice, Washington, D.C., on brief, Bernard J. Stuplinski, U.S. Atty., Carl H. Miller, Asst. U.S. Atty., Cleveland, Ohio, of counsel. Before CELEBREZZE, PECK and McCREE, Circuit Judges. JOHN W. PECK, Circuit Judge. 1 These combined appeals arose out of an action for the refund of federal estate tax deficiencies of $565,980.20, assessed and collected by the Internal Revenue Service against the Estate of Helen Wade Greene. The deficiencies were based on the determination of the Internal Revenue Service (hereinafter usually 'IRS') that a transfer of property to an irrevocable trust by the decedent, Helen Wade Greene, some sixteen months prior to her death, was made in contemplation of death and thus includable in her gross estate. 2 The decedent, Helen Wade Greene, was a member of the wealthy and prominent Wade family of Cleveland, Ohio. On August 15, 1957, she transferred property having a value of $1,322,580.70 to an irrevocable trust which provided for payment of the income from the trust to the decedent's daughter, Helen Greene Perry, for life, with the remainder to be distributed to the decedent's grandchildren after Mrs. Perry's death. Approximately sixteen months after the transfer to the irrevocable trust, the decedent died. 3 The estate and the IRS initially attempted to use informal conference procedures to settle the dispute concerning whether the gift in trust was made in contemplation of death. For reasons more fully discussed below, the dispute was not thus settled at the administrative level; instead additional disputes outside the original contemplation of death issue arose out of the attempted settlement procedure. After that attempt disintegrated the estate paid the deficiency and filed a four-count suit for a refund. The last three counts, more fully discussed below, alleged that the estate was entitled to recover the deficiency independently of the merits of the contemplation of death issue because the IRS violated its own procedures in the course of the attempted settlement of the issue at the administrative level. The District Court granted the government's motion for summary judgment on the last three counts. The first count, concerning the merits of the contemplation of death issue, was tried to a jury. The first trial of the contemplation of death issue resulted in a mistrial when the jury failed to reach a verdict. In the second trial the District Court granted the estate's motion for a directed verdict at the close of all the evidence. 4 The government has perfected an appeal from the directed verdict in favor of the estate on the contemplation of death issue. The estate has perfected an appeal from the District Court's orders granting the government's motions for summary judgment on the last three counts of the refund suit, the estate's motion for an interlocutory appeal from these orders having been denied by this Court. (Misc. No. 347, January 11, 1967). I. Contemplation of Death Issue 5 We will deal first with the substantive issue of whether the transfer of property to the irrevocable trust on August 15, 1957, was in contemplation of death. Section 2035 of the Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. 2035) requires the inclusion in the gross estate of a decedent transfers made in contemplation of death, and creates a rebuttable presumption that transfers made within three years of a decedent's death were made in contemplation of death. Since the decedent died within three years of making the gift, the statutory presumption arose that the gift here was made in contemplation of death. 6 It should be noted at the outset that the government did not contend at trial that the decedent was fearful of imminent death at the time of making the gift. Therefore the gift was made in contemplation of death only if it was within the special statutory meaning of those words. Fortunately, the issue is not novel. The meaning of the words 'in contemplation of death' as used in 2035 and its predecessor statutes has long been settled by the case law. 7 A transfer may be 'in contemplation of death' within the meaning of the statute even though not induced by a fear of imminent death. Death is 'contemplated' within the meaning of the statutory presumption if the dominant motive for the transfer is the creation of a substitute for testamentary disposition designed to avoid the imposition of estate taxes. Allen v. Trust Company of Georgia, 326 U.S. 630, 66 S.Ct. 389, 90 L.Ed. 367 (1946); United States v. Wells, 283 U.S. 102, 51 S.Ct. 446, 75 L.Ed. 887 (1931); In re Kroger's Estate, 145 F.2d 901 (6th Cir. 1944). Clearly, where the dominant motive for the transfer is to escape estate taxes, the gift is made in contemplation of death. Cronin's Estate v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 164 F.2d 561 (6th Cir. 1947). Finally, it is well established that when a transfer is part of an overall testamentary plan, an intention to make the transfer a substitute for testamentary disposition and thereby avoid the imposition of estate taxes can be inferred. Purvin v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 96 F.2d 929, 120 A.L.R. 166 (7th Cir. 1938); Updike v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 88 F.2d 807 (8th Cir.), cert. denied, 301 U.S. 708, 57 S.Ct. 942, 81 L.Ed. 1362 (1937). 8 Applying these well established principles to the evidence adduced at the second trial, we hold that the District Court committed reversible error in directing a verdict for the estate. The estate, which had the burden of proof (McGrew's Estate v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 135 F.2d 158, 148 A.L.R. 1045 (6th Cir. 1943)), introduced evidence showing the Wade family's strong tradition of support of philan-thropic and charitable organizations. The estate also introduced evidence tending to show that the decedent made the transfer to the irrevocable trust to enable her daughter to carry on the family tradition of support for these organizations by putting the money at her ready disposal. The estate also showed that the transfer to the irrevocable trust was a relatively small percentage of the decedent's total estate. 9 The District Court apparently viewed this evidence as sufficient to overcome the statutory presumption in favor of the government, for in granting the estate's motion for a directed verdict the Court stated: 10 'There is a complete lack of any evidence here on the part of the Government to show that this was ever a gift in contemplation of death. And by contemplation of death we mean the impelling cause of this gift. There is no evidence here upholding the Government's theory that the impelling cause of this gift was the thought of death. There is no such evidence anywhere in this case. There is nothing before us to that effect anywhere. There was only a rebuttable presumption, which was completely rebutted.' 11 While we agree with the District Court that the estate introduced evidence from which the jury could reasonably infer that the gift was induced by life motives and that such evidence was sufficient to rebut the presumption in the government's favor, we disagree with the District Court's view that there was no evidence from which reasonable jurors could infer that the gift was made in contemplation of death. It is true that the government produced only two witnesses of its own (and their testimony related solely to the government's split gift theory discussed below), but it adduced evidence through cross-examination of the estate's witnesses. By this means, frequently the only one available to it in such situations, the government showed that the property with which the irrevocable trust was funded came from the corpus of a revocable trust of approximately nine million dollars, that the decedent revised the revocable trust and her will, which poured over almost all of her property to the revocable trust, simultaneously with the execution of the irrevocable trust in issue, and showed the similarity of the dispositive provisions of each instrument. The government also established through such cross-examination that the decedent had at least some familiarity with the tax laws, that the daughter did not need the trust income for her own support and that the decedent had previously established a separate $1.5 million charitable trust. The effect of all this evidence adduced by the government was to undermine the estate's theory that the gift was induced by a desire to enable the daughter to carry on the family tradition of support for charitable causes and to establish facts from which a jury could find that the gift was induced by a desire to create a substitute for testamentary disposition, thereby avoiding the imposition of estate taxes. 12 In reaching this result we particularly stress the lack of direct evidence of the motivation for the gift. The decedent failed to state to her attorney or to state in the trust instrument itself the reason for the creation of the trust. On one occasion when the decedent's daughter had asked for some money for a charitable cause, the decedent state 'sort of in a laughing manner' that she should give some money to her daughter to enable her to take care of the charities on her own. We do not find this statement, made some three to four months prior to the establishment of the trust, conclusive of the dominant motive for the gift. 13 If we were here reviewing a finding of fact by the court or a jury verdict that life motives were the dominant motives for the gift, we would affirm that finding. See e.g., Routzahn v. Brown, 95 F.2d 766 (6th Cir. 1938); Clark v. United States, 209 F.Supp. 895 (D.C.Colo.1962); Black v. United States, 68 F.Supp. 74 (N.D.Ohio 1946). Many of the facts now argued by the estate are relevant and sufficient under the cases to support a finding of fact that the gift was induced by life motives. However, in light of the lack of direct evidence of the motivation for the gift, the dominant motive had to be inferred from the basic facts, and while there was no dispute about the basic facts, conflicting inferences as to the dominant motive for the gift could be drawn from those facts. The resolution of those conflicting inferences should have been left to the jury. See e.g., Baker v. Texas & Pacific Railway Co., 359 U.S. 227, 229, 79 S.Ct. 664, 3 L.Ed.2d 756 (1959); Tennant v. Peoria & Pekin Union Railway Co., 321 U.S. 29, 35, 64 S.Ct. 409, 88 L.Ed. 520 (1944). We therefore hold that the District Court committed reversible error in granting the estate's motion for a directed verdict. II. Split Gift Theory 14 We turn next to the government's splitgift theory. Part of the direct testimony proffered by the government consisted of the values based on actuarial computations of the life estate to the decedent's daughter and of the remainder to the grandchildren. On the basis of this evidence the government contends that there were actually two gifts, the life income to the daughter and the remainder to the grandchildren. The government argues that the motive for each gift must be examined and that the estate failed to introduce any evidence at all of the motivation for the gift of the remainder interest to the grandchildren other than 'family reasons.' 15 The government admits that this multimotive split-gift theory has been tested in only two previous cases and upheld in only one of them. In Garrett's Estate v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 180 F.2d 955, 17 A.L.R.2d 780 (2d Cir. 1950), the Court held that a trust consisting of life insurance policies and securities, with direction to use the income from the securities to pay the premiums on the life insurance, constituted separate gifts with separate motives. The Court stressed, however, the unambiguous intention to make two separate gifts, one of the income from the securities (less the amounts used to pay the life insurance premiums), the other the life insurance policies themselves. The Court also found it clear that the donor did not intend the beneficiaries of the trust to have any interest in the insurance policies until after his death. Thus the Court had no difficulty finding separate motives for the obviously separate gifts contained in the same trust agreement. 16 However, in a case more factually similar to the case at bar, Studebaker v. United States, 195 F.Supp. 841 (N.D.Ind.1961), modified, 211 F.Supp. 263 (N.D.Ind.1962), the Court refused to apply the split-gift theory to a gift in trust providing for a life income to the settlor's daughter-in-law with a remainder over to the settlor's grandchildren. We agree with the Court in Studebaker, supra, that it is 'unrealistic' to apply the splitgift theory to the type of gift at issue here. It is not reasonable to assume that the decedent had one motive for the gift of the life income and another for the disposition of the corpus upon the termination of the life interest. We must conclude therefore that the decedent had only one, albeit ambiguous, motive for the entire gift in trust, and we hold that the District Court committed no error in refusing admission of the evidence proffered to support the split-gift theory. III. Procedural Errors 17 We turn next to the additional issues which arose as the result of the attempt to settle the contemplation of death issue at the administrative level. The estate contends that even if the District Court committed error in directing a verdict for it, the judgment below must be affirmed because the IRS failed to follow its own regulations and procedures in dealing with the case at the administrative level. 18 Upon the initial examination of the estate tax return the IRS determined that the transfer to the irrevocable trust was a gift in contemplation of death and that therefore the amount of that transfer was includable in the decedent's gross estate. However, following an informal conference, as provided for by Treasury Regulations, an informal conference agreement was reached between the IRS and the estate. The agreement provided for certain concessions by both sides. The IRS agreed not to raise the contemplation of death issue in return for the estate's agreement to the increased valuation of some securities held by it and payment of additional estate tax and interest in the sum of $86,089.24. Pursuant to this agreement the estate executed a Form 890-B, Waiver of Restrictions on Assessment and Collection of Deficiency and Acceptance of Overassessment. The executors and the beneficiaries of the estate also executed a 'collateral agreement' which established their cost basis for the securities held by the estate at the increased valuation. Finally, the executors paid the additional assessed tax and interest of $86,089.24. 19 Approximately three months thereafter, the IRS informed the estate that it had rejected the informal conference agreement. The IRS again asserted that the irrevocable trust was executed in contemplation of death and includable in the gross estate. There then followed a great deal of correspondence between the estate and various levels of the IRS, with the estate seeking an explanation of the 'clearly defined error' in the informal conference agreement for which the IRS exercised its power to reject the agreement. The most enlightening response came from the Commissioner of 20 '* * * I do believe that it was reasonable '* * * I do believe that it was reasonable for the review staff to find that, in your case, there was involved 'a clearly defined error having a substantial effect on the tax liability.' The legal presumption in favor of the Government, as provided by Section 2035 of the Code, was not adequately considered by the conferee, particularly in the light of the evidence indicating testamentary motive.' 21 The estate then paid the deficiency and filed this four-count suit for a refund. As previously indicated, the first count concerned the substantive issue of whether the gift was made in contemplation of death. The last three counts alleged respectively that the estate was entitled to recover the deficiency paid regardless of the determination on the contemplation of death issue because the IRS violated its own Revenue Procedures by failing to identify the 'clearly defined error' for which it rejected the informal conference agreement, because the IRS violated the Administrative Procedure Act by failing to give its reasons for rejecting the informal conference agreement, and because the IRS was estopped to deny the enforcibility of the informal conference agreement by its acceptance and retention of the additional tax and interest of $86,089.24. The District Court granted the government's motion for summary judgment on these last three counts prior to the trial on the contemplation of death issue, and the estate has perfected a cross-appeal. 22 We will deal with each of these issues separately: With respect to the first, the estate contends that the IRS was bound by its own procedures to limit its rejection of informal conference agreements to circumstances involving 'clearly defined error.' Rev.Proc. 60-24(5)(.04), 1960 Cum.Bull. 60-24. While recognizing that the informal conference agreement is not binding on the IRS by statute such as a closing agreement authorized by 7121 of the Internal Revenue Code or a compromise agreement authorized by 7122 of the Code (26 U.S.C. 7121, 7122), the estate contends that the failure to identify the 'clearly defined error' prevents the IRS from rejecting the agreement. In examining the estate's argument, we note first that there is no requirement in the Treasury Regulations establishing the informal conference procedures that the IRS must identify or explain the error upon which it rejects an informal conference agreement. The Regulations, after providing for review of the informal conference agreements by regional commissioners, states: 23 'In certain circumstances, such as where substantial errors are found or where there is evidence of fraud or collusion, the regional commissioner has authority to reopen the case.' Treas.Reg. 601.105(i). 24 Thus the estate's argument must stand or fall on the Revenue Procedure which provides: 25 'Occasionally, in cases where an agreement is reached at an informal conference, review of the case will disclose that the conferee's decision was based on a clearly defined error having a substantial effect on the tax liability. In such instances, if the change necessary to correct the error is adverse to the taxpayer, he will be offered another informal conference in the matter with the Conference Coordinator.' Rev.Proc. 60-24(5)(.04) 1960 Cum.Bull. 60-24. 26 Without reaching the question of whether the responses by the IRS to the estate's requests for identification of the 'clearly defined error' were in fact sufficient, we must hold that the IRS was not required by the Revenue Procedures to identify the error for which the informal conference agreement was rejected. It is clear that the above quoted Revenue Procedure is directory, not mandatory, and the IRS's alleged failure to sufficiently identify the error can not affect its right to assert a deficiency against the estate. See Geurkink v. United States, 354 F.2d 629 (7th Cir. 1965); Luhring v. Glotzbach, 304 F.2d 560 (4th Cir. 1962). Whatever deficiencies there may have been in the identification of the 'clearly defined error' for which the agreement was rejected, the IRS was not foreclosed from rejecting the agreement by its own Revenue Procedures. 27 We turn next to the estate's argument that the rejection of the informal conference agreement violated the Administrative Procedure Act, thereby entitling the estate to the return of the deficiency paid. The estate relies on that portion of the Administrative Procedure Act which requires: 28 'Prompt notice * * * of the denial in whole or in part of any written application, petition, or other request of any interested person made in connection with any agency proceeding. * * * Such notice shall be accompanied by a simple statement of procedural or other grounds.' 5 U.S.C. 1005(d) (1964 ed.). 29 The estate contends that the consideration and rejection of the informal conference agreement was an 'agency proceeding' for which the IRS was required to give a statement explaining the rejection. We again must disagree. Further examination of the Administrative Procedure Act makes it clear that the Act was not intended to apply to this type of case. The Act itself excepts from its application 'any matter subject to a subsequent trial of the law and the facts de novo in any court.' 5 U.S.C. 1004 (1964 ed.). The rejection of the informal conference agreement was in fact a determination of the estate's tax liability, a matter subject to trial de novo in either the Tax Court or in the District Court. We therefore hold that the rejection of the informal conference agreement by the IRS did not violate the Administrative Procedure Act. 30 The final issue raised by the estate is that the IRS is estopped from rejection of the informal conference agreement after having accepted the benefits of the agreement, the 'collateral agreement' whereby the estate and the beneficiaries agreed to a higher cost basis for certain securities held by the estate and the payment of $86,089.24 of additional estate tax and interest. 31 Without indulging in a protracted discussion of the few cases in which equitable estoppel has been applied against the government in tax cases, we hold there is no sufficient factual basis for imposing estoppel against the government in this case. The 'collateral agreement' referred to above was expressly stated to be contingent upon '* * * acceptance by or on behalf of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue of a proposed settlement of the estate tax liability of the Estate of Helen Wade Greene * * *.' In addition to this specific recognition that the informal conference agreement was subject to rejection by the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, the estate was informed by the IRS at the time of the rejection of the informal conference agreement that it was no longer bound by the 'collateral agreement' and that it was free to withdraw the 'collateral agreement.' The estate apparently did not choose to do so, but this decision not to withdraw the 'collateral agreement' cannot now be made the basis for a claim of estoppel against the government. With respect to the estate's payment and the government's acceptance and subsequent assessment of the additional estate tax and interest in the amount of $86,098.24, we find the following statement by the District Court pertinent: 32 'The record indicates that none of the Form 890-B agreed tax deficiency of $77,781.53 plus interest of $8,307.71 was assessed upon the basis that Helen Wade Greene on August 15, 1957 transferred her property to the newly created trust in contemplation of death. On the contrary, as executors' counsel stated in their letter of April 3, 1962 this deficiency was based upon a determination that the gift made for the benefit of the decedent's daughter referred to above was not made in contemplation of death * * * 'Hence it is concluded that any claim of estoppel, in any event, should be limited to the Form 890-B aggregate deficiency of $86,089.24. The payment of that sum on January 3, 1962, none of which is attributable to the additional tax later assessed, may not be asserted as proof of the claim of estoppel now made to support recovery of the additional tax payment.' 33 We therefore hold that the District Court correctly ruled that there was no basis on which to find the government estopped to repudiate the informal conference agreement, and we hold that the District Court correctly granted the government's motion for summary judgment on each of the last three counts of the refund suit. 34 IV. Evidence of Post-Gift Health of the Decedent 35 We will now deal briefly with the final issue presented in this appeal. The government contends that in the second trial of the contemplation of death issue, the District Court erroneously admitted into evidence, over the government's objection, evidence relating to the decedent's post-gift health and the sudden and unexpected nature of her death. The government concedes that the admission of the evidence would not be sufficient alone to warrant reversal of the directed verdict in favor of the estate, but it does assert that the evidence was irrelevant and highly prejudicial to it in light of the stipulation that the decedent was not fearful of imminent death at the time of making the gift and that the death was sudden and unexpected. 36 We agree that the admission of this evidence would not alone require a reversal of the directed verdict, but in light of the conflicting rulings on the admissibility of this evidence in the two jury trials and the probability of a third jury trial on the contemplation of death issue, we feel obligated to offer some guidelines. 37 In the trial of a contemplation of death issue the primary focus should be on the decedent's health and state of mind at and before the making of the gift to determine the motive for the gift. See United States v. Wells,283 U.S. 102, 51 S.Ct. 446, 75 L.Ed. 887 (1931); English v. United States,270 F.2d 876 (7th Cir. 1959). Absent a contention by the government that the decedent was actually fearful of an imminent death at the time of the transfer, evidence of post-gift conditions such as the health, state of mind or sudden nature of the decedent's death would not be relevant. See Cronin's Estate v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 164 F.2d 561 (6th Cir. 1947). We therefore conclude that the admission of the evidence of the decedent's post-gift health and the sudden nature of her death was erroneous, and that in a subsequent trial of this issue such evidence should be excluded. 38 The judgment of the District Court in 19,175 granting the estate's motion for a directed verdict is reversed and the cause is remanded for a new trial consistent with the foregoing. The orders of the District Court in No. 19,176 from which the estate perfected an appeal are affirmed. 39 CELEBREZZE, Circuit Judge (dissenting). 40 The majority reverses the District Court's finding that there was a 'complete lack of any evidence' favorable to the Government. I disagree. 41 The estate of the deceased marshaled strong evidence as to the motivation for the contested gift. The estate demonstrated that the deceased wished to supplement her daughter's income to enable her to continue the Wade family tradition of good works, United States v. Wells, 283 U.S. 102, 118-119, 51 S.Ct. 446, 75 L.Ed. 887 (1931); that the deceased engaged in a lifetime pattern of giving to her daughters and grandchildren; Routzahn v. Brown, 95 F.2d 766 (6th Cir. 1938), cert. denied 290 U.S. 641, 54 S.Ct. 60, 78 L.Ed. 557; that the gift was but a small fraction of her taxable estate and hence unlikely that she was motivated by tax considerations, Black v. United States, 68 F.Supp. 74, 78 (D.C.), aff'd. 164 F.2d 96 (6th Cir. 1947); that at the time of the making of the gift the deceased was in excellent health, Hull's Estate v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 325 F.2d 367, 368-370 (3d Cir. 1963); and that prior to the time of the gift the donee and her husband had solicited her mother's financial support in her charitable endeavors not-withstanding her own substantial funds, Gamble v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 33 B.T.A. 94, 95-97 (1935), aff'd. 101 F.2d 565 (6th Cir. 1939). No evidence was introduced to discredit this testimony. 42 The Government introduced no witnesses of its own to refute the compelling and credible evidence on behalf of the estate. In that a verdict must be directed where there can be but one reasonable conclusion, the estate is entitled to a directed verdict unless the Government raises some evidence upon its own behalf. As the United States Supreme Court has instructed in Brady v. Southern Rwy. Co., 320 U.S. 476, 480, 64 S.Ct. 232, 234, 88 L.Ed. 239 (1943): 43 'When the evidence is such that without weighing the credibility of the witnesses there can be but one reasonable conclusion as to the verdict, the court should determine the proceeding by non-suit, directed verdict or otherwise in accordance with applicable practice without submission to the jury, or by judgment notwithstanding the verdict. By such direction of the trial the result is saved from the mischance of speculation over legally unfounded claims.' 44 Each of the inferences made by the Government are unwarranted 'speculations' under the Brady standard: 45 The Government speculates as to what might have been the motive of the decedent with 'some familiarity with federal tax laws' when she made the gift, notwithstanding specific unrebutted evidence of a lifetime pattern of giving and specific life motivations. 46 The Government further speculates as to what the decedent might have 'said at the time of the execution' of the gift to her daughter, notwithstanding direct testimony that the decedent had indicated her intentions to make the gift months earlier and spoke of it on three different occasions prior to its actual execution. At those times, prior to execution, the decedent indicated her desire to afford her daughter the funds which would aid her in further substantial charitable endeavors. 47 The Government also speculates as to the 'simultaneous timing' of the formal execution of the will, revocable trust and challenged gifts. It does so notwithstanding unchallenged testimony that a re-execution of those instruments was necessitated at the time of the challenged gift, because Ohio law did not permit subsequent modifications to a pour-over trust. Ohio General Code 10504-4, 10504.47. See, Bolles v. Toledo Trust Co., 144 Ohio St. 195, 210, 58 N.E.2d 381, 157 A.L.R. 1164 (1944). In that both the will and the revocable trust required re-execution at the time of the gift, it was simply a matter of convenience to undertake all the formalities of execution and delivery at the same time. 48 Finally, the Government speculates as to the 'similarity in the dispositive pattern' of the aforementioned instruments. The record clearly shows that the effect of all the substantive changes in the instruments was to hasten the time and amounts of money to be received currently by the decedent's daughter. This effect is singularly in accord with the stated purpose of the challenged gift-- to further stimulate and encourage the decedent's daughter toward a lifetime of charitable endeavors, as was the decedent's family tradition. 49 The majority suggests that a verdict cannot be directed when the factual issue of 'contemplation of death' is involved. I disagree. The facts in this case clearly rebutted the statutory presumption and overwhelmed the speculative inferences offered by the Government. I would affirm. | Low | [
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Every March since 2014, the Islamic Society of Baltimore has organized a minor pilgrimage for as many as 60 of its congregants to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the holy city for Muslims and birthplace of the prophet Muhammad. This year, the trip was canceled amid fears that Donald Trump’s travel ban on certain Muslim-majority countries might bar re-entry even to those who call the United States their home. “With the community being comprised of a large number of immigrants, we felt it was important to put things on hold until we had more clarity,” said Saad Malik, a member of the Baltimore area mosque who helps facilitate the annual event. “It was better to be safe than sorry.” On the Friday before the second version of Trump’s travel ban was to take effect, congregants shuffled in and out of the three-story prayer space in suburban Baltimore. It seemed a distant memory to many that one year ago, at the height of a Republican primary season overrun by hostile rhetoric against Muslims, Barack Obama chose the community for his first visit to a US mosque as president. Although it took Obama until the last year of his presidency to finally mark the occasion, many who attended now look back upon the encounter almost wistfully. Dr Ed Tori, who serves on the Islamic Society of Baltimore’s leadership committee, recalled it as “an epic speech that really energized our local community”. In recent months, following Trump’s election, he has instead wondered what fate awaits the 3,000 who worship at the mosque and estimated three million Muslims in the US. “Could it get as bad as us wearing yellow Ms on our shirts and having to go to a camp? Yeah, it could get that bad,” he said. “But I hope that our legal system and the checks and balances and the surrounding community would prevent that.” Inside the Islamic Society of Baltimore, classrooms have emptied for the weekly service. A loudspeaker carries the sermon of an imam who encourages attendees to be the best version of themselves and give back to their communities. In February 2016, it was the president who offered such words of encouragement. In a speech that celebrated the everyday contributions of Muslims, Obama pointedly denounced election-year hyperbole that painted Muslims with a broad brush. “We can’t be bystanders to bigotry,” Obama said. “We have to reject a politics that seeks to manipulate prejudice or bias, and targets people because of religion. “Let me say as clearly as I can as president of the United States: you fit right here,” he added to the hundreds in attendance. “You’re right where you belong. You’re part of America too.” Although he did not refer to any candidate by name, Obama’s remarks came less than two months after then candidate Trump called for a “total and complete shutdown” of Muslims entering the United States. Few in the audience would have predicted then that Trump would win the Republican nomination, much less be elected president. “Sometimes it’s hard to believe that it happened, because the rhetoric became much more negative on the campaign trail,” said Danette Zaghari-Mask, an English teacher at the Islamic Society of Baltimore, of Obama’s visit. “It was an affirmation … recognizing aspects of our community that we’ve always known. “Now we have a president who has a very different tone, a very different message. As a parent it’s very concerning to me.” At the time of Obama’s remarks at the mosque, Trump dismissed its significance while hinting at debunked conspiracy theories that the president was himself a Muslim. “I don’t know, maybe he feels comfortable there,” Trump said in an interview with Fox News. “There are a lot of places he can go and he chose a mosque.” The travel ban against seven Muslim-majority countries was among Trump’s first acts as president and one his administration vigorously defended by serving up falsehoods about the vetting process for those seeking to immigrate into the country. While making the case for his policy in his first joint address to Congress earlier this month, Trump employed the phrase “radical Islam” against the guidance of his new national security adviser, HR McMaster. The president’s attitude has been amplified by his staff, who have made few efforts to recast or clarify his thinking, even as the ban was blocked by courts and his second, narrower ban faces new legal challenges. Sean Spicer, the White House press secretary, recently ducked a question about a report that found the number of anti-Muslim hate groups in America tripled last year. Rather than address the Southern Poverty Law Center’s findings, Spicer launched into a canned rebuke of “radical Islamic terrorism”. The approach stands in contrast not just to Obama, but also to Trump’s Republican predecessor. George W Bush, just days after the attacks on 11 September 2001, memorably went to a mosque in Washington in an attempt to quell backlash against Muslims in America. “The face of terror is not the true faith of Islam,” Bush said in his speech. “That’s not what Islam is all about. Islam is peace.” Since Trump took office, two mosques in Texas were burned to the ground while several people were killed in a shooting at a mosque in Quebec City. None were addressed by Trump directly – although Spicer offered his condolences for the Quebec attack before holding it up as a rationale for the administration’s travel ban on certain Muslim-majority countries, even though those targeted were Muslims. “When you talk about the policies being harmful, that’s one thing,” said Ahmed Mahmoud, a native of Maryland who attends prayer services at the Islamic Society of Baltimore. “But the discourse that they use to justify and facilitate the creation of [Trump’s] policies – that in and of itself has been harmful and you see that manifesting in the increase in hate crimes, targeting especially not just Muslims but anybody who shares the physical traits of Muslims.” For Zaghari-Mask, insecurities about the current political climate have meant tough conversations with her students about scapegoating and other moments in history when groups have been subject to discrimination based on religion or nationality. It has also meant protecting her 10-year-old daughter from alienation. Last week, Zaghari-Mask’s daughter was crying when she was picked up from school. She said one of her friends told her she “wasn’t allowed to be friends with people who wear those things on their heads”. “My daughter doesn’t wear a scarf, I do,” said Zaghari-Mask. “We’re really concerned about normalizing hatred and suspicion.” A January survey found that about half of Americans think at least some US Muslims are anti-American. The Islamic Society of Baltimore, like other mosques across the country, has enhanced its security since the election and also taken active steps to respond. Its school recently started a committee with a focus on how to combat Islamophobia and antisemitism. But there is also an outpouring of support that has stemmed from Trump’s election. Whereas mail was once equally divided between positive and negative messages, Tori noted, it’s now “off the charts positive”. There have been offers to go shopping for Muslim women who might be reluctant to go out in public. Tori’s daughter was even stopped on her way out of the mosque by someone who asked her how to wear a hijab (headscarf) “so that she could wear one in solidarity”. Some faith leaders have issued public invitations to Trump to visit a mosque as president and learn more about his Muslim constituents. The congregants at the Islamic Society of Baltimore have a simpler request. “We are a representation of American values when it comes to people who work hard, who practice their religious liberties, who come out and stand up for what this country believes in,” said Mahmoud. “That’s our community. Don’t count us out just because we’re Muslim.” | Mid | [
0.5724137931034481,
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Following is a statement from U.S. Secretary of Education Betsy DeVos: "It is unacceptable, shameful and counterproductive that the media and some members of Congress have spun up falsehoods and fully misrepresented the facts. "Make no mistake: we are focused every day on raising expectations and improving outcomes for infants and toddlers, children and youth with disabilities, and are committed to confronting and addressing anything that stands in the way of their success. "The President's budget reflects that commitment. It supports our nation's 7 million students with disabilities through a $13.2 billion request for IDEA funding, the same funding level appropriated by Congress. All of that money goes directly to states to ensure students with disabilities have the resources and supports they need. The budget also requests an additional $225.6 million for competitively awarded grants to support teacher preparation, research and technical assistance to support students with disabilities. "The Special Olympics is not a federal program. It's a private organization. I love its work, and I have personally supported its mission. Because of its important work, it is able to raise more than $100 million every year. There are dozens of worthy nonprofits that support students and adults with disabilities that don't get a dime of federal grant money. But given our current budget realities, the federal government cannot fund every worthy program, particularly ones that enjoy robust support from private donations." | Mid | [
0.639821029082774,
35.75,
20.125
]
|
// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <[email protected]>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.
using osu.Framework.Allocation;
using osu.Framework.Bindables;
using osu.Framework.Graphics;
using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
using osu.Framework.Graphics.Shapes;
using osu.Framework.Graphics.Sprites;
using osu.Game.Graphics;
using osu.Game.Graphics.Containers;
using osu.Game.Graphics.Sprites;
using osu.Game.Graphics.UserInterface;
using osuTK;
namespace osu.Game.Collections
{
public class ManageCollectionsDialog : OsuFocusedOverlayContainer
{
private const double enter_duration = 500;
private const double exit_duration = 200;
[Resolved(CanBeNull = true)]
private CollectionManager collectionManager { get; set; }
public ManageCollectionsDialog()
{
Anchor = Anchor.Centre;
Origin = Anchor.Centre;
RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both;
Size = new Vector2(0.5f, 0.8f);
Masking = true;
CornerRadius = 10;
}
[BackgroundDependencyLoader]
private void load(OsuColour colours)
{
Children = new Drawable[]
{
new Box
{
Colour = colours.GreySeafoamDark,
RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
},
new Container
{
RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
Child = new GridContainer
{
RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
RowDimensions = new[]
{
new Dimension(GridSizeMode.AutoSize),
},
Content = new[]
{
new Drawable[]
{
new Container
{
RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.X,
AutoSizeAxes = Axes.Y,
Children = new Drawable[]
{
new OsuSpriteText
{
Anchor = Anchor.Centre,
Origin = Anchor.Centre,
Text = "Manage collections",
Font = OsuFont.GetFont(size: 30),
Padding = new MarginPadding { Vertical = 10 },
},
new IconButton
{
Anchor = Anchor.CentreRight,
Origin = Anchor.CentreRight,
Icon = FontAwesome.Solid.Times,
Colour = colours.GreySeafoamDarker,
Scale = new Vector2(0.8f),
X = -10,
Action = () => State.Value = Visibility.Hidden
}
}
}
},
new Drawable[]
{
new Container
{
RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
Children = new Drawable[]
{
new Box
{
RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
Colour = colours.GreySeafoamDarker
},
new DrawableCollectionList
{
RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both,
Items = { BindTarget = collectionManager?.Collections ?? new BindableList<BeatmapCollection>() }
}
}
}
},
}
}
}
};
}
protected override void PopIn()
{
base.PopIn();
this.FadeIn(enter_duration, Easing.OutQuint);
this.ScaleTo(0.9f).Then().ScaleTo(1f, enter_duration, Easing.OutQuint);
}
protected override void PopOut()
{
base.PopOut();
this.FadeOut(exit_duration, Easing.OutQuint);
this.ScaleTo(0.9f, exit_duration);
// Ensure that textboxes commit
GetContainingInputManager()?.TriggerFocusContention(this);
}
}
}
| Low | [
0.476772616136919,
24.375,
26.75
]
|
211 B.R. 899 (1997) In re Scott A. HARTMAN and Tamara L. Hartman, Debtors. Bankruptcy No. 96-83249. United States Bankruptcy Court, C.D. Illinois. August 20, 1997. Gary T. Rafool, Peoria, IL, Chapter 7 Trustee. James S. Brannon, Peoria, IL, for debtors. OPINION WILLIAM V. ALTENBERGER, Chief Judge. Before the Court is the Chapter 7 Trustee's objection to the Debtors' claim of homestead exemption. *900 Prior to her marriage to Scott Hartman, Tamara Hartman purchased a home which she mortgaged. When she married Scott Hartman, he signed the mortgage note. From the time of their marriage, payments on the mortgage note were made from a joint checking account. For a time before and after their child was born, the sole source of the mortgage payments was the earnings of Scott Hartman. The terms of the mortgage note required that the mortgage debt be rewritten in November, 1997, and the Debtors planned to put title to the house in both their names at that time. On October 24, 1996, the Debtors filed a Chapter 7 petition in bankruptcy. Title to the home remained solely in Tamara Hartman's name. The Debtors each claimed a $7,500.00 homestead exemption. The Trustee objected to the homestead exemption claimed by Scott Hartman, asserting that only Tamara Hartman was entitled to claim a homestead exemption of $7,500.00. A hearing was held and the parties stipulated to the facts and submitted briefs. Both sides have cited Illinois bankruptcy court decisions in support of their positions. At issue in this case is the interpretation of the Illinois statute governing homestead exemptions, which provides, in relevant part: Every individual is entitled to an estate of homestead to the extent in value of $7,500 of his or her interest in a farm or lot of land and buildings thereon, a condominium, or personal property, owned or rightly possessed by lease or otherwise and occupied by him or her as a residence. . . . 735 ILCS 5/12-901. The statute has two requirements. Taken in reverse order, the first is that the property must be occupied by the party claiming the exemption. In the case before this Court, Mr. Hartman was doing so. The second is that the party claiming the exemption must either "own" or "rightly possess by lease or otherwise" the property. In the case before this Court, as Mr. Hartman has no title to the property he cannot be said to be an owner, nor was a lease involved. The issue is whether he otherwise rightly possessed the property, within the meaning of the statute, which would entitle him to claim an exemption. The Debtors rely principally upon Matter of Reuter, 56 B.R. 39 (Bkrtcy.N.D.Ill.1985). In that case, the bankruptcy court held that the spouse of a titled owner of the marital residence was also entitled to claim a homestead exemption. Reaching this conclusion, the bankruptcy court stated: Illinois courts have consistently interpreted the phrase, "owned or rightly possessed by lease or otherwise", to mean that the debtor had to possess title or some ownership interest in the property. Sterling Savings and Loan Association v. Schultz, 71 Ill.App.2d 94, 111-13, 218 N.E.2d 53, 62-63 (1966); DeMartini v. DeMartini, 385 Ill. 128, 136, 52 N.E.2d 138, 142 (1944). One must have some right in the property for a homestead exemption. See Rice v. United Mercantile Agencies, 395 Ill. 512, 515, 70 N.E.2d 618, 620 (1947). The Illinois Supreme Court has determined that the right in the property may be acquired through marriage by stating: [T]he title must be either in the owner of the homestead right, or in one who sustains or has sustained some special relation to such owner,. . . . The relations here alluded to are, of course, that of husband and wife and parent and child. With respect to the former, it is unimportant whether the title to the homestead premises is in the husband or in the wife. Whether in the one or the other, the holder of the title cannot wrongfully deprive the other of the enjoyment of the homestead premises. Rendleman v. Rendleman, 118 Ill. 257, 264, 8 N.E. 773, 776 (1886). The Illinois Homestead exemption provision (Ill.Rev.Stat. ch. 110, § 12-901), when read in conjunction with the Rights of Married Women Act (Ill.Rev.Stat. ch. 40, § 1016) and the Release of Homestead Act *901 (Ill.Rev.Stat. ch 30, § 26), provides a spouse the right to claim an exemption for the marital home without having legal title. The Rights of Married Women Act provides in pertinent part: Neither the husband nor wife can remove the other or their children from their homestead without the consent of the other, unless the owner of the property shall, in good faith, provide another homestead suitable to the condition in life of the family; . . . Ill.Rev.Stat. ch. 40, § 1016 (1984) (emphasis added). A spouse, by his or her marriage and residence in a homestead, acquires a right to occupy the homestead. The other spouse is unable to unilaterally alienate that right. Historical and Practice Notes to Ill.Ann.Stat. ch. 40, § 1016 (Smith-Hurd 1984). In addition, the Release of Homestead Act provides: No deed or other instrument shall be construed as releasing or waiving the right of homestead, unless the same shall contain a clause expressly releasing or waiving such right. And no release or waiver of the right of homestead by the husband or wife shall bind the other spouse unless such other spouse joins in such release or waiver. Ill.Rev. Stat. ch. 30, § 26 (1984). It is clear that for the duration of Mr. and Mrs. Reuter's marriage, Mrs. Reuter would be unable to sell the house without complying with the quoted provisions of the Rights of Married Women Act and the Release of Homestead Act. Therefore, Mr. Reuter has a homestead right in this marital residence without any title to the Property. The Illinois legislature's strict preservation of the homestead right as evidenced by the foregoing statutes buttresses the court's conclusion that the "otherwise" in the term "owned or rightly possessed by lease or otherwise" in the provision of the homestead exemption statute is Mr. Reuter's right to occupy the homestead by his marriage to Mrs. Reuter. Marriage grants additional privileges to Mr. Reuter. For the duration of their marriage, Mr. Reuter has a non-vested future interest in the residence. If Mrs. Reuter were to predecease him and die intestate while they were still married, he would have an interest in one half of her estate including the Property. See Ill.Rev. Stat. ch. 110½, § 2-1(a) (1984). If Mrs. Reuter died testate and Mr. Reuter renounced her will, he would again have an interest in one third of her estate, including the Property. See Ill.Rev.Stat. ch. 110½, § 2-8(a) (1984). This court's reading of the statute is consistent with the intent of the Illinois legislature to expand the Illinois exemptions. See In re Marriage of Logston, 103 Ill.2d 266, 280-81, 82 Ill.Dec. 633, 635, 638-39, 469 N.E.2d 167, 169, 172-75 (1984); Comment, Bankruptcy Exemptions: Whether Illinois' Use of the Federal "Opt-Out" Provisions is Constitutional, 1981 S.Ill.U.L.J.65, 69 (1981). The goal of the homestead exemption is to shelter the family and allow the debtor a chance to regain his footing. Dixon v. Moller, 42 Ill.App.3d 688, 691, 1 Ill.Dec. 411, 415, 356 N.E.2d 599, 603 (1976). The spirit of the Illinois Exemption statutes should not be frustrated because Harold Reuter does not have any title to the Property. See In re Farnik, 17 B.R. 856, 858 (Bkrtcy.N.D.Ill.1982). In In re Miller, 174 B.R. 279 (Bkrtcy.N.D.Ill. 1994), decided by the same bankruptcy judge, the court reaffirmed its earlier ruling in Reuter, limiting the special right to claim a homestead exemption in property, where one does not have a titled interest, to spouses. The Trustee relies upon a contrary result reached by fellow Central District of Illinois Bankruptcy Judge Lessen in In re Owen, 74 B.R. 697 (Bkrtcy.C.D.Ill.1987). Holding that the debtor was not entitled to a homestead exemption in the residence solely owned by his co-debtor wife, the court stated: The statute clearly establishes that homestead is an estate, and that the individual *902 entitled to the estate must either own the property to which the estate attaches, or rightly possess the property by lease or otherwise. Either ownership or possession through a lease gives an individual an estate in the property. Here, Roger Owen has no ownership interest or leasehold interest in the property to which the estate may attach. His sole claim to entitlement of a $7,500 homestead exemption is that he lived in the home with his wife, who was the sole titleholder. In Jones v. Kilfether, 12 Ill.App.2d 390, 139 N.E.2d 801 (1956), a husband who lived with his wife claimed a homestead right in premises owned by his wife and her brother as tenants in common, based upon his mere occupancy of the premises. The court held: [S]ince, under the rule heretofore enunciated, the right of homestead can have no separate existence independently of the title which constitutes one of its essential elements and from which it is inseparable, he has no right of homestead. . . . Id. at 396, 397, 139 N.E.2d 801. Similarly, in Sterling Savings & Loan Association v. Schultz, 71 Ill.App.2d 94, 218 N.E.2d 53 (1966) the court stated: The right of homestead being by our present statute enlarged into an estate, it follows that like all other estates, it can have no separate existence apart from the title on which it depends. We have held that the estate of homestead created by the statute is based upon the title of the householder, and can have no separate existence independently of the title, which constitutes one of its essential elements, and from which it is inseparable. Id. at 112, 218 N.E.2d 53, citing DeMartini v. DeMartini, 385 Ill. 128, 52 N.E.2d 138 (1944). Since Roger Owen had no title, he has no homestead under the Illinois exemption statute. The Debtors cite Willard v. Northwest National Bank of Chicago, 137 Ill.App.3d 255, 92 Ill.Dec. 92, 484 N.E.2d 823 (1985) for the proposition that an untitled spouse does have a homestead interest. In Willard, the husband, sole titleholder of the residence where he and his wife lived, conveyed his residence into a land trust and assigned his beneficial interest as security for a loan. His wife signed none of the documents involved. He defaulted on the loan and the property was sold. The court found that the wife did have a homestead "right", stating: While it is probably true that William is the "householder" to whom the estate runs (citations omitted) it does not follow that Pauline had no right. The Homestead Exemption benefits not just the householder, but the family, and affords the householder's spouse a veto-like power where alienation or encumbrance of the homestead are concerned. Id. 71 Ill.App.2d at 97, 218 N.E.2d 53. However, while the wife in Willard had a right to be protected where the husband conveyed his homestead without her consent, nothing in the case indicates she was entitled to receive a separate homestead exemption. Rather, the court states, "it appears that the conveyance into trust was ineffective to transfer the Willards' homestead interest. . . ." The language is singular, indicating only one homestead interest existed, based upon the husband's title. The wife merely has a right to keep the husband from conveying away both his property and his homestead interest without her consent. She has a right to the benefit of the exemption owned by the husband for the family's protection. The court found that the husband and wife might be entitled to a setoff for the amount of the exemption, or possibly a declaration that the sale was void. But, there is no indication there would be two separate $7,500 exemptions. Rather, the court's language leads to the conclusion there is only one interest, for the benefit of the family, that the titled spouse cannot convey without the other spouse's consent. For the foregoing reasons, the Court concludes that the number of exemptions *903 available is to be determined by the number of individuals in title who qualify for the homestead estate. . . . See also In re Donnelly, (unpublished Case No. 95 B 50476, Bkrtcy.N.D.Ill. September 13, 1996.) This Court begins its analysis of the issue by first noting that reliance upon early Illinois cases interpreting the homestead exemption must be circumspect. Prior to its amendment in 1982, the Illinois exemption statute provided a single exemption for "every householder having a family". Under the current provision, found in § 12-901 of the Code of Civil Procedure, both a husband and a wife are permitted to claim an exemption. 735 ILCS 5/12-901. However, other sections of the statute dealing with the homestead exemption were not amended and difficult questions of construction have arisen. In First National Bank of Moline v. Mohr, 162 Ill.App.3d 584, 114 Ill.Dec. 85, 515 N.E.2d 1356 (3d Dist.1987), an early case interpreting the 1982 amendment to § 12-901 of the Code of Civil Procedure, in holding that both titled husband and wife were entitled to a $7,500.00 homestead exemption, the court noted the inconsistencies in the act created by the amendment to § 12-901, and Justice Heiple, in a concurring opinion, stated: The statute provides that every individual is entitled to an estate of homestead of $7,500, in property, owned or rightly possessed by lease or otherwise. The effect of this statute is to permit an unlimited number of homestead estates in a single piece of property. Thus, a family unit consisting of a husband and wife with eight children could conceivably claim a $75,000 homestead in the residence occupied by the family. Moreover, no kinship appears to be required. A commune of hippies might claim the same right. Palatable or not, that is what the law allows. That the legislature fully considered the implications of their change in the law is doubtful. It is not, however, a function of the courts to rewrite the statute. It is a statute, however, which the legislature may want to reconsider and of which, in the meantime, creditors must beware. After careful consideration of the divergent and conflicting views expressed in Reuter and Owen, this Court has decided to follow Judge Lessen's decision in Owen. It is a fundamental tenet of the law of exemptions that the debtor must have an ownership interest in the property before an exemption may be claimed. In re Ferguson, 15 B.R. 439 (Bkrtcy.D.Colo.1981); In re Cunningham, 5 B.R. 709 (Bkrtcy.D.Mass.1980). A long line of Illinois cases has required that a debtor have title or some ownership interest in property in order to claim a homestead exemption. Owen, supra; In re Morris, 115 B.R. 626 (Bkrtcy.S.D.Ill.1990). Other courts deciding the issue under the federal exemption scheme have held that the key word is "interest" and that an interest in real property up to a specified amount implies a monetary interest more than just one spouse's right to reside with the other. Matter of Freund, 32 B.R. 622 (Bkrtcy.W.D.Wisc.1983). The court in Reuter strongly relies on Rendleman v. Rendleman, 118 Ill. 257, 264, 8 N.E. 773, 776 (1886). The difficulty with relying on Rendleman is that it is a case decided over 100 years ago interpreting a homestead statute which has subsequently been amended and the result is based on the right of dower in a deserted spouse, which right of dower has subsequently been abolished in the State of Illinois. Therefore, this Court does not interpret Rendleman as dictating a contrary result. Rendleman was decided under the predecessor statute which provided that a "householder" was entitled to claim the exemption. In that case, the husband secretly sold his home to his brother and headed west, deserting his wife. The husband later obtained a divorce on the ground of adultery and the wife was awarded $575.00 "in full of all claims, rights of dower, or otherwise in [all] property" of the husband. The husband's brother brought an action of ejectment against the wife. The wife asserted the defenses *904 of homestead and dower. The court affirmed the trial court's entry of judgment in the brother's favor. Addressing the issue of homestead, the court held that when the husband deserted the wife she became the head of the family and entitled to claim a right of homestead. In so holding, the court stated: This right of homestead is expressly declared by the legislature to be an estate in the lot of ground and buildings to which the right attaches. Like all other estates, it must be supported by a title. This title may be in fee, for life, or even for years, in the case of an extended term. In all cases the title must be either in the owner of the homestead right, or in one who sustains or has sustained some special relation to such owner, or in the asignee (sic) of one sustaining or having sustained such special relation to the owner. The relations here alluded to are, of course, that of husband and wife and parent and child. With respect to the former it is unimportant whether the title to the homestead premises is in the husband or in the wife. Whether in the one or the other, the holder of the title cannot wrongfully deprive the other of the enjoyment of the homestead premises. Thus it is expressly provided by the second section of the act relating to exemptions that, `in case the husband or wife shall desert his or her family, the exemption shall continue in favor of the one occupying the premises as a residence.' The court found the outcome of the case to be governed by a provision of the Dower Act, which it set forth as: If any husband or wife is divorced for the fault or misconduct of the other, except where the marriage was void from the beginning, he or she shall not thereby lose dower, nor the benefit of any such jointure; but, if such divorce shall be for his or her own fault or misconduct, such dower or jointure, and any estate granted by the laws of this state, in the real or personal estate of the other, shall be forfeited. 118 Ill. at 263, 8 N.E. at 775. The court concluded that the wife's homestead right, acquired by reason of the husband's desertion, was forfeited upon dissolution of the marriage on the grounds of her adultery. Thus, the non-owner wife in Rendleman was not given an independent right to claim a separate homestead exemption by reason of the marriage relationship, but rather succeeded to that right under the specific statutory homestead provision involving desertion that remains on the books today in § 12-902 of the Code of Civil Procedure. The court's comments, set forth above, and relied upon by the court in Reuter, are, in this Court's view, explanatory of the rights afforded to a deserted spouse or children rather than creating a separate, independent right of homestead in them. The court in Reuter also relies on the Rights of Married Women Act and the Release of Homestead Act to provide the basis for a nontitled spouse to claim an interest protected by the Homestead Act. The Rights of Married Women Act does not create an absolute right in a particular piece of property. A spouse can defeat a claim of homestead in an existing piece of property if another homestead is provided. As to the Release of Homestead Act, it does not create a right of homestead. It merely provides that if it exists, one spouse cannot release it for the other spouse. These statutory provisions are intended to limit the rights as between spouses and not to improve the rights of a nontitled spouse vis-a-vis third party creditors. While it is difficult to quarrel with the basic fairness of the result reached by the court in Reuter, that result was reached by improperly relying on outdated authority and misconstruing the effect of several state statutes. This Court's result is supported by action taken by the Illinois Legislature in 1994, apparently in response to Judge Heiple's concurring opinion in First National Bank of Moline v. Mohr, supra. In that year, § 12-901 of the Code of Civil Procedure was amended by adding the following sentence: *905 If 2 or more individuals own property that is exempt as a homestead, the value of the exemption of each individual may not exceed his or her proportionate share of $15,000 based upon percentage of ownership. The scant legislative history provides as follows: Hoffman: . . . In addition, [House Bill 282] has a provision which has been put forward by the Community Bankers Organization regarding homestead exemption and clarifying language, clarifying it that we have only 75 . . . or that . . . clarifying that there is a limit of $15,000 for the homestead exemption regardless of the number of owners within the house. That is a clarification made necessary because of a recent court decision. . . . Hoffman: "The provisions specifically provides that if two or more persons own property that is exempt as a homestead, the value of each personal exemption may not exceed his or her proportionate share of $15,000 based on the percentage of ownership. For instance, you and your wife own, with regard to the homestead exemption, own property, you would go in and sign up for $7,500 apiece. If you, your wife and your wife's sister lived with you and was ownership, you couldn't get $7,500 apiece. You would get $15,000 total. That's the intent of the original law but what has happened is, is there were some . . . there was a court case, a recent court case, that specifically said that they . . . that it was believed that the Legislature had to clear that provision up. So what it says, is that's $15,000 per household." Wennlund: "Does this in any way reduce the amount of the homestead exemption that has existed prior to this date?" Hoffman: "No, not at all." 88th Ill. Gen. Assem., House Proceedings (November 30, 1994). Both the amendment, adopted after all the cited judicial decisions, and the legislative history indicate ownership is a requirement to claim a homestead exemption. To hold to the contrary would lead to another interpretation problem with an absurd result. The 1994 valuation amendment added to § 12-901 of the Civil Code of Procedure is based on ownership. If two or more individuals have an ownership interest the amendment would apply. If only one has an ownership interest, it would not. There is nothing in the legislative history to indicate, nor can this Court think of any reason that, the Illinois legislature intended such a result. Therefore, notwithstanding the liberal construction to be given exemption laws, for the reasons stated, this Court holds that the Trustee's objection to the claim of homestead exemption by Scott Hartman must be sustained. This Opinion is to serve as Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law pursuant to Rule 7052 of the Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure. | Mid | [
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Q: Should reusable django apps use `zip_safe=False` in setup.py? I am unsure if reusable django apps should use zip_safe=False in setup.py. What does break if a django app does not specify this? A: EDIT The parameter zip_safe=False was important until Django 1.7.11, but since Django 1.8 it can be omitted. Django 1.7 has not been supported in mainstream since December 2015 and this parameter can be usually removed from applications setup now. It was used due to management/commands/*.py and also data files like html templates, without relying on autodetection by setuptools. The opposite zip_safe=True was a fatal problem with bdist_egg command because management commands were not found in compressed installations. The zip_safe autodetection by setuptools could be correct sometimes only by accident because the presence of management commands is not being recognized. A small change in your code can cause that your app will be compressed by some versions of installers. The parameter zip_safe has been removed even from Django setup.py and added again for safety in 2013. | Mid | [
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Kickapoo Township, Leavenworth County, Kansas Kickapoo Township is a township in Leavenworth County, Kansas, in the United States. History It was named after the Kickapoo people. References Category:Townships in Leavenworth County, Kansas | Mid | [
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Mineral sunscreens have proven effectiveness when it comes to sun protection. So when you use DERMA E sun care products you have the confidence that you are nurturing your skin with only the best ingredients. Our Sun Defense Mineral Oil-Free Sunscreens are perfect for everyday use because they are lightweight, non-greasy and formulated to care for your complexion while simultaneously protecting it from the elements with an SPF 30. In addition to zinc oxide, the sunscreens abound in antioxidants including Green Tea and Vitamin C, which brighten and condition the skin and help reduce the signs of aging caused by sun damage. This sunscreen comes in formulations for the face and the body for complete, head-to-toe sun protection. And because it’s even more important for infants, and their delicate skin, to stay out of the sun, DERMA E also offers Sun Defense Mineral Oil-Free Sunscreen for babies. If you spend a great deal of time outdoors, it’s important to reapply sunscreen for protection throughout the day. This is made easy with the Sun Defense Mineral Sunscreen Stick, which is ideal for on-the-go application. Or touch up your makeup and your sunscreen at the same time with the Sun Protection Mineral Powder SPF 30. This translucent powder creates a flawless finish on your skin and is like a veil of sun protection on your face. Refreshing your skin with the powder every 2 hours ensures lasting coverage all day long. | Mid | [
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Q: Can I play Destiny with a 2GB internal hard drive? Is it possible to buy Destiny on my Xbox 360 that only has a 2GB internal hard drive? I even bought a 2TB Seagate Xbox game drive, but it still says I need a hard drive. Am I just screwed and will never be able to play it with this Xbox? A: According to Bungie, with update 2.0.0, (which came out in 2015) you can install base destiny onto a USB drive. here is the info from the Bungie Help page: With the 2.0.0 update of Destiny, Xbox 360 players can now install the Destiny base game to a USB drive. The USB drive must have 10GB of free space or higher. When update 2.0.0 is released on September 8, 2015, Xbox 360 players who do not have sufficient free hard drive space will encounter an error after launching Destiny. This error reads, "You do not have sufficient storage space." To clear up additional hard drive space, the base game of Destiny can be moved to an external USB drive. Installing Destiny to an external USB drive Close the Destiny application Insert USB drive into console Navigate to "System Settings" Select "Hard Drive" Select "Games and Apps" Select "Destiny" Select "Destiny (Xbox 360 Game)" Select "Move" Select the "Memory Unit" with available space 10.Once the Move is complete, ensure your Hard Drive has over 10GB of free space available 11.Launch Destiny and the install should automatically prompt after logging in URL: https://www.bungie.net/en/Help/Article/13478 | High | [
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FOR PUBLICATION UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT RIVER CITY RANCHES #1 LTD., No. 03-73853 LEON SHEPARD, TAX MATTERS T.C. Nos. PARTNER, RIVER CITY RANCHES 787-91, 4876-94, #2 LTD., LEON SHEPARD, TAX 9550-94, 9552-94, MATTERS PARTNER, RIVER CITY 9554-94, 13595-94, RANCHES #3 LTD., LEON 13597-94, 13599-94, SHEPARD, TAX MATTERS 382-95, 383-95, 385-95, PARTNER, RIVER CITY RANCHES 386-95, 14718-95, 14719-95, 14720-95, #4 LTD., LEON SHEPARD, TAX 14722-95, 14724-95, MATTERS PARTNER, RIVER CITY 21461-95, 5196-96, RANCHES #5 LTD., LEON 5197-96, 5198-96, SHEPARD, TAX MATTERS 5238-96, 5239-96, PARTNER, RIVER CITY RANCHES 5240-96, 5241-96, #6 LTD., LEON SHEPARD, TAX 9779-96, 9780-96, MATTERS PARTNER, ET AL., 9781-96, 14038-96, Petitioners-Appellants, 21774-96, 3304-97, 3305-97, 3306-97, v. 3311-97, 3749-97, COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL 15747-98, 15748-98, REVENUE, 15749-98, 15750-98, 15751-98, 15752-98, Respondent-Appellee. 15753-98, 15754-98, 19106-98, 13250-99, 13251-99, 13256-99, 13257-99, 13258-99, 13259-99, 13260-99, 13261-99, 13262-99, 16557-99, 16563-99, 16568-99, 16570-99, 16572-99, 16574-99, 16578-99, 16581-99, 17125-99 OPINION 3669 3670 RIVER CITY RANCHES v. CIR Appeal from an Order of the United States Tax Court Argued and Submitted January 11, 2005—San Francisco, California Filed March 25, 2005 Before: Myron H. Bright,* A. Wallace Tashima, and Consuelo M. Callahan, Circuit Judges. Opinion by Judge Bright *The Honorable Myron H. Bright, United States Circuit Judge for the Eighth Circuit, sitting by designation. 3672 RIVER CITY RANCHES v. CIR COUNSEL Montgomery W. Cobb, Portland, Oregon, for the petitioners- appellants. Eileen J. O’Connor, Assistant Attorney General, Richard Far- ber, and Anthony T. Sheehan, Department of Justice, Appel- RIVER CITY RANCHES v. CIR 3673 late Section, Tax Division, Washington, D.C., for the respondent-appellee. OPINION BRIGHT, Circuit Judge: Introduction We review here an extensive opinion and judgment of the Tax Court1 relating to the tax returns of several affiliated sheep-breeding partnerships. We affirm in part, reverse in part, and remand for further proceedings. The federal Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) issued Final Partnership Adminis- trative Adjustments (“Adjustments”) to the tax returns of nine sheep-breeding partnerships for various past tax-years.2 The Adjustments resulted in increased tax liabilities for the indi- vidual partners, such that the partners would owe significant back-taxes, penalties, and interest if the Adjustments were valid. The appellant partnerships petitioned the Tax Court for readjustment of the partnership tax returns, and the court con- solidated the cases for trial. The partnerships claimed, first, that some of the Adjust- ments were invalid because the IRS filed them untimely, rely- ing on invalid extensions of the limitations periods that governed the Adjustments. The partnerships claimed, second, that insofar as the Adjustments were valid, the partnerships were entitled to certain theft-loss deductions on the adjusted 1 The United States Tax Court, Judge Howard A. Dawson, Jr., adopting the opinion of Special Trial Judge Stanley J. Goldberg. 2 The partnerships are River City Ranches #1 Ltd., River City Ranches #2 Ltd., River City Ranches #3 Ltd., River City Ranches #4 Ltd., River City Ranches #5 Ltd., River City Ranches #6 Ltd., River City Ranches #7 Ltd., Ovine Genetic Technology Syndicate 1987-1, and Ovine Genetic Technology 1990. 3674 RIVER CITY RANCHES v. CIR tax returns. The Tax Court denied the petitions entirely, hold- ing that the Adjustments were all valid and that the partner- ships were entitled to no theft-loss deductions. On the latter point, the Tax Court held that the asserted losses were not thefts from the partnerships and, in the alternative, even if they were, the partnerships could not claim the deductions for the years at issue. On appeal, the partnerships argue that the trial of the case was flawed on three procedural points: that the Tax Court improperly denied the partnerships discovery pertinent to the years for which theft-loss deductions could be claimed; that the court improperly denied discovery pertinent to the validity of the extensions of the limitations periods within which the Adjustments could be filed; and that the court improperly rejected a stipulation of fact as to the principal place of busi- ness of the partnerships. Further, on a substantive matter, the partnerships argue that the Tax Court erred in holding that the asserted theft-losses were not thefts from the partnerships but were only thefts from the individual partners. As to the final issue on appeal, the partnerships and the IRS agree that the Tax Court erred in holding that it does not have jurisdiction to make factual findings concerning the validity of impositions of additional interest on back-taxes owed by the individual partners, as a penalty under 26 U.S.C. § 6621(c) (repealed in 1989, but still applicable to tax years before then) for engaging in sham business transactions the sole purpose of which was to gain tax benefits. We rule as follows: (1.) We decide that the partnerships are not entitled to additional discovery pertinent to the years for which theft-loss deductions can be claimed. (2.) We affirm the Tax Court’s holding that none of the losses — if they are thefts from the partnerships — can be claimed for any of the tax-years at issue. (3.) We determine that the Tax Court did RIVER CITY RANCHES v. CIR 3675 not erroneously reject any stipulation of fact. (4.) We deter- mine that the partnerships are, however, entitled to limited additional discovery relevant to the validity of the extensions of the limitations periods. Finally (5.), we hold that the Tax Court does have jurisdiction to make findings concerning the imposition of penalty-interest under 26 U.S.C. § 6621(c). Because we affirm the Tax Court’s holding that the partner- ships cannot claim the asserted theft-losses in the years at issue in any event, we do not review or make any decision concerning the Tax Court’s decision that the asserted losses do not constitute thefts from the partnerships, but only from the partners. Accordingly, we vacate the judgment of the Tax Court in these cases and remand so that the partnerships will be given some limited additional discovery relating to the validity of Adjustments issued under the contested extensions of limita- tions periods. The Tax Court will reconsider the validity of those Adjustments after additional discovery is allowed. Also, we remand for the Tax Court to make findings as to penalty- interest. We sketch the underlying facts below, only as they bear on the discrete issues we review. Discussion The Tax Court’s Asserted Rejection of the Principal-Place-of- Business Stipulation The partnerships complain that the Tax Court rejected the parties’ stipulation that — as the partnerships characterize it in briefing — “the principal place of business of the partner- ships was in Oregon.” The partnerships urge reversal on this basis. Their contention, although not entirely clear, seems to be that in determining whether the asserted theft-losses were thefts from the partnerships, the Tax Court looked to the law 3676 RIVER CITY RANCHES v. CIR of the wrong state, because it erroneously rejected the stipula- tion. The IRS does not respond to appellants’ argument on this issue. The partnerships’ argument is meritless. In their briefs, the partnerships do not quote the stipulation at issue, which merely says that the principal place of business was in Oregon at the time the partnerships filed their petitions for readjust- ment. SER 24. The Tax Court did not reject this stipulation. The court’s statements concerning the principal place of busi- ness related to the time at which the asserted theft-losses occurred, not the time at which the petitions were filed. There was no stipulation as to the former time. Additionally, even had the asserted rejection of a stipula- tion been actual, the partnerships do not show, as they must, that it would have made any difference. See Cerrato v. San Francisco Cmty. Coll. Dist., 26 F.3d 968, 974 (9th Cir. 1994) (“The harmless error standard in civil cases is whether the . . . verdict is more probably than not untainted by the error.”). The partnerships do not show that any relevant law varied materially from Oregon to California or Nevada (the other rel- evant states). Furthermore, after commenting on the place of business of the partnerships, the Tax Court did in fact con- sider whether the losses in dispute constituted theft from the partnerships under Oregon law. We do not understand pre- cisely what the partnerships complain of on this issue. In any event, the Tax Court did not erroneously reject any stipula- tion. Discovery Pertinent to Theft-Loss Deductions [1] The partnerships argue that the Tax Court denied them a fair opportunity to litigate their claim that they are entitled to theft-loss deductions for the years at issue. The Internal Revenue Code provides that a theft-loss may be deducted only for the year in which it is discovered — not the year in which the loss occurs. 26 U.S.C. § 165(a). The partnerships RIVER CITY RANCHES v. CIR 3677 conceded at trial that they discovered the asserted theft-losses after the years in question. They argued to the Tax Court, however, that the IRS is equitably estopped from enforcing this provision of the law to exact money from them (or their individual partners, who pay the taxes). The partnerships argue that the court denied discovery of IRS files that they were entitled to and without which they could not make good their equitable estoppel defense. We review a denial of discovery for abuse of discretion. Shad v. Dean Witter Reynolds, Inc., 799 F.2d 525, 527 (9th Cir. 1986). We will hold an order denying discovery to be an abuse of discretion only “upon the clearest showing that denial of discovery results in actual and substantial prejudice to the complaining litigant.” Hallett v. Morgan, 296 F.3d 732, 751 (9th Cir. 2002). [2] The Supreme Court allows the possibility that equitable estoppel might be successfully asserted against the govern- ment — whether to get money from the government or as a defense to the government’s exaction of money. See Office of Personnel Mgmt. v. Richmond, 496 U.S. 414, 426 (1990); Heckler v. Cmty. Health Svcs. of Crawford County, Inc., 467 U.S. 51, 59-60 (1984). In general, the party claiming the estoppel must have relied on its adversary’s conduct “in such a manner as to change his position for the worse,” and that reliance must have been reasonable in that the party claiming the estoppel did not know nor should it have known that its adversary’s conduct was misleading. Id. at 59. The Court has made clear that estoppel will not lie against the government except upon a stronger showing than is required in the ordinary case. Id. at 59-60. [3] As the Tax Court noted, the Ninth Circuit has held, in a case involving a taxpayer’s attempt to recoup payments 3678 RIVER CITY RANCHES v. CIR made to the IRS, that equitable estoppel cannot lie against the government absent a showing of “affirmative conduct going beyond mere negligence.” Purcell v. United States, 1 F.3d 932, 939 (9th Cir. 1993). The Tax Court found that the IRS had engaged in no con- duct which the partnerships could reasonably have relied on to change their position for the worse. Even if the IRS did nothing to act as a watchdog for the individual partners, to warn them that Hoyt was swindling them and looting the part- nerships, and that their claimed tax benefits were invalid, this would not constitute the “affirmative conduct” on which the partnerships could “rely” that is necessary to invoke equitable estoppel against the government. The court found, however, that the IRS had, on numerous occasions, communicated to the partnerships and to the individual partners messages that called into question the validity of tax benefits the partner- ships claimed — the subsequent rejection of which, in the Adjustments, are at issue in these cases. The partnerships do not dispute the Tax Court’s specific findings as to actions taken by the IRS. The partnerships’ hope and argument as to discovery on this point must be, then, that there may be other, countervailing IRS actions, evi- dence of which may lie in IRS files. Such IRS actions help the partnerships only if the partnerships reasonably relied on the actions and thereby discovered the asserted theft-losses later than the years in question. In the ordinary case, if the IRS had taken actions on which the partnerships relied, the partnerships would of course know about those actions. They would not need to examine IRS files to learn of those actions in the first instance, as the part- nerships here wish to do. This case is unusual, but a brief sketch of the facts shows that the result is the same. Here, Walter J. Hoyt, III (Hoyt), ran the partnerships, which were among scores of partnerships Hoyt created as part RIVER CITY RANCHES v. CIR 3679 of a massive swindle extending from 1971 (involving cattle partnerships) and 1978 (involving sheep partnerships) to 1998 — defrauding his partners, receiving (as general or managing partner) their capital contributions to the partnerships and then stealing those contributions, and as Tax Matters Partner (“TMP”) claiming phony tax benefits for the partnerships, on which his partners relied for purposes of their individual tax returns. Hoyt did not keep ordinary business records for each of his many partnerships, but kept certain overall records. Hoyt was eventually caught, and is now serving an approxi- mately twenty-year prison sentence for fraud. The new TMPs for the partnerships, who are pursuing the present cases, thus did not inherit the records and continuous institutional knowl- edge that a partnership would ordinarily possess. The IRS, which had conducted a roughly twenty-year investigation of Hoyt’s operations, presumably has far greater knowledge of the partnerships’ matters than the current TMPs have. Because of Hoyt’s commingling of the records of his vari- ous partnerships, the IRS followed suit and maintained the bulk of its documents pertaining to all Hoyt entities in a single file, with only very limited portions of its records in files spe- cific to individual partnerships. The Tax Court granted the partnerships discovery only of the files specific to the individ- ual partnerships at issue here, so that the partnerships did not see the bulk of the IRS’s records. While the partnerships reasonably suppose that the IRS knows more about the partnerships than the partnerships themselves know, the discovery issue comes down to a nar- row question: If the IRS engaged in affirmative conduct that the partnerships reasonably relied on, and that caused the part- nerships to discover the asserted theft-losses later than they otherwise would have, would evidence of such conduct be unavailable to the partnerships now, without the discovery they were denied?3 3 The issue would be presented differently if the partnerships alleged specific conduct and sought discovery only to confirm or negate the spe- cifics they had knowledge of already. 3680 RIVER CITY RANCHES v. CIR [4] The managing partner of each of the partnerships, Hoyt, knew about the thefts at the time they occurred, because he was the thief. The partnerships could not have detrimentally relied, through Hoyt, on IRS actions to forestall discovery of the theft.4 If the other partners, outside of the partnership man- agement, relied on affirmative IRS actions that forestalled their discovery of Hoyt’s theft, then evidence of the actions would lie with the partners. The partnerships would thus not need the IRS’s central Hoyt files. The Tax Court thus did not abuse its discretion in denying discovery related to the part- nerships’ equitable-estoppel argument. [5] Because the year-of-discovery issue was properly liti- gated at trial, and because the partnerships admitted that they did not discover the asserted theft-losses during the years at issue, we affirm the Tax Court’s holding that the partnerships cannot take the deductions in the years at issue. Our holding here makes it unnecessary to review the Tax Court’s holding that the thefts at issue were not thefts from the partnerships, but only from the individual partners. Discovery Pertinent to the Validity of the Adjustments The IRS issued some of the Adjustments after the default limitations periods had expired. With regard to these Adjust- ments, however, Hoyt, acting for the partnerships, had extended the limitations periods. The partnerships argued before the Tax Court that these extensions are invalid, because Hoyt executed them while disabled by conflicts between his own interests and those of his partners. The part- nerships argue on appeal that they could not present this defense adequately without the denied discovery. [6] This Court has recognized that a TMP may lack capac- 4 We do not imply that knowledge of a partner who is defrauding the partnership is imputed to the partnership. See Cal. Corp. Code § 16102 (2005); Or. Rev. Stat. § 67.010(6). RIVER CITY RANCHES v. CIR 3681 ity to bind his partners and the partnership, where the TMP operates under a conflict of interest. See Phillips v. Commis- sioner, 272 F.3d 1172, 1175 (9th Cir. 2001) (“Trust law, gen- erally, invalidates the transaction of a trustee who is breaching his trust in a transaction in which the other party is aware of the breach.”). The Tax Court found that the partnerships did not present evidence sufficient to show that Hoyt executed the extensions under disabling conflicts of interest. The question here is whether the partnerships were entitled to discovery of the IRS’s central Hoyt files, to find out the facts concerning Hoyt’s interests in his dealings with the IRS, and what the IRS knew about Hoyt’s interests and his treatment of the part- ners’ interests. The partnerships argued to the Tax Court that conflicts arose not only because of past criminal investigations of Hoyt by the IRS, but also by Hoyt’s ongoing fraud and theft, com- mitted against his partners. The partnerships argued that Hoyt’s interests, specifically regarding tax issues, diverged from those of the partnerships. [7] The Tax Court analogized this case to the Phillips case, 272 F.3d 1172, in which this Court held that the mere exis- tence of past criminal investigations of a TMP does not prove a disabling conflict of interest. Here, the Tax Court empha- sized that, as in Phillips, Hoyt was not under active criminal investigation by the IRS when he signed any of the exten- sions. The comparison to Phillips is unilluminating, however, because in Phillips “[t]he facts were stipulated by the parties in skeletal form sufficient to provide, without much flesh, what was necessary to raise the single issue relied on by Phil- lips.” Id. at 1173. The lesson of Phillips is that the sole fact of past criminal investigations does not establish a disabling conflict of interest. But there is more to the partnerships’ assertion of a disabling conflict than past criminal investiga- tions, and the record before us in this case is not a bare skele- ton. 3682 RIVER CITY RANCHES v. CIR The record before us presents at least one apparent conflict which, if substantiated, might render the extensions Hoyt signed legally incompetent and void. To explain this apparent conflict, we turn again to some of the facts of record. Hoyt signed all but one of the extensions between February 1991 and March 1993. The IRS had been investigating Hoyt, though not always by its criminal investigation division, since about 1980. The IRS became convinced that Hoyt’s many partnerships were fraudulent tax shelters. This was difficult to prove, however, because of the nature of the operations. The Hoyt entities were ostensibly livestock-breeding enter- prises. The nine partnerships at issue in these cases were sheep-breeding, but the majority of Hoyt’s partnerships were cattle-breeding. While Hoyt’s long-running swindle was essentially a matter of taking money in exchange for cows and sheep that did not exist, the operations did have thousands of actual cows and sheep on actual ranches with actual breeding facilities run by well-known and highly respected breeders. The Hoyt ranches included twelve active ranches and half a million acres of land rented from the Federal Bureau of Land Management. It was not a simple matter, then, to prove that some of the livestock that appeared as figures on business papers had no corporeal substance on the ground. From about 1980 the IRS, convinced that the Hoyt partner- ships were shams, generally disallowed tax benefits claimed by the partnerships, leading to much litigation in the Tax Court. With many cows and sheep spread over many facili- ties, the IRS had difficulty proving that the partnerships were shams, and in 1989 the IRS suffered a major setback. The Tax Court, in Bales v. Commissioner, T.C. Memo. 1989-568, 58 T.C.M. (CCH) 431, found that the cattle partnerships were not shams. After Bales, the IRS determined to conduct a full headcount of the Hoyt livestock, to attempt to prove the fraud. A headcount could provide proof that Hoyt had been taking money for non-existent cows and sheep — for which Hoyt RIVER CITY RANCHES v. CIR 3683 presumably knew he was vulnerable to criminal prosecution. Hoyt did not cooperate with the headcount. His lack of coop- eration delayed the count, until finally a federal court order permitting the count was issued in the Fall of 1992. The IRS finished the headcount in the Spring of 1993. Hoyt signed the extensions between February 1991 and March 1993 — that is, in the period when the IRS was first seeking and then performing the headcount that would prove his crimes. [8] The extensions of the limitations periods within which the IRS could issue Adjustments may have been against the partners’ interests but in Hoyt’s interest. The sooner the IRS issued the Adjustments, the more difficult it would be for the IRS to defend them. Additionally, because the partners had in fact claimed tax benefits they were not entitled to, it was in their interest for the Adjustments to be issued sooner rather than later, even if the IRS could successfully defend the Adjustments. Delay would mean greater penalties and interest when eventually the back-taxes were levied. Finally, it was in the partners’ interest to receive the strong indication, which the Adjustments provided, that Hoyt was looting the partner- ships. The Tax Court noted that such measures by the IRS led some partners to withdraw from other partnerships and to challenge Hoyt’s management of them — by means that included a civil fraud suit. [9] Hoyt’s interests appear to have run in the opposite direction — toward delaying as long as possible any threat to the house of cards he had constructed and kept standing since 1971. The extensions he signed would, and did, forestall the issuance of Adjustments that would have contributed to ten- sions with his partners and threatened his management of the partnerships. Facing the threat of a potential and then an actual IRS headcount that would prove his crimes, Hoyt might well have found it in his interest to offer any concession to the IRS that did not harm him personally, in the hope that it 3684 RIVER CITY RANCHES v. CIR would put off the day of reckoning — perhaps forever, if his long run of luck held out. [10] Because the evidence in this unusual case lies largely with the IRS, the partnerships could not fairly and reasonably litigate their challenge to the extensions and the Adjustments executed pursuant to them without this discovery. The Tax Court thus abused its discretion in denying such discovery, and the partnerships suffered actual and substantial prejudice because of the denial. Accordingly, the Tax Court should per- mit further discovery limited to the question whether Hoyt executed the extensions while disabled by conflicts of inter- est. Jurisdiction of the Tax Court to Make Penalty-Interest Findings The parties asked the Tax Court to make factual findings concerning whether the partnerships’ transactions were designed merely to secure tax benefits, without any other sub- stantive economic purpose. The parties wanted the court to make these findings because they bear on whether the IRS can require the investor-partners to pay a higher interest rate on the back taxes for certain years. See 26 U.S.C. § 6621(c). The Tax Court held that it lacked jurisdiction to make such find- ings. The parties agree that the court erred in so concluding. Both the Tax Court’s interpretation of 26 U.S.C. § 6621(c) and its holding that it lacked subject-matter jurisdiction to make findings under that statute are legal conclusions review- able de novo. Suzy’s Zoo v. Commissioner, 273 F.3d 875, 878 (9th Cir. 2001); Crawford v. Commissioner, 266 F.3d 1120, 1123 (9th Cir. 2001). We agree with the parties that the Tax Court erred. Because the issue is somewhat involved, and the Tax Court considered the issue at length, we explain our reading of the relevant law. RIVER CITY RANCHES v. CIR 3685 The partnerships filed petitions with the Tax Court to read- just partnership tax items, following the IRS’s issuance of Adjustments. This petition procedure is governed by 26 U.S.C. § 6226. This section also sets the scope of review for the Tax Court reviewing the petition: (f) Scope of judicial review.—A court with which a petition is filed in accordance with this section shall have jurisdiction to determine all partnership items of the partnership for the partnership taxable year to which the notice of final partnership adminis- trative adjustment relates, the proper allocation of such items among the partners, and the applicability of any penalty, addition to tax, or additional amount which relates to an adjustment to a partnership item. The question, then, is what counts as a partnership item. The term is defined at 26 U.S.C. § 6231(a)(3): (3) Partnership item.—The term “partnership item” means, with respect to a partnership, any item required to be taken into account for the partner- ship’s taxable year under any provision of subtitle A to the extent regulations prescribed by the Secretary provide that, for purposes of this subtitle, such item is more appropriately determined at the partnership level than at the partner level. The Tax Court saw that the definition here is limited by the phrase “required to be taken into account . . . under . . . subti- tle A.” The character of the partnerships’ transactions does relate back to subtitle A, because it determines the individual part- ners’ personal income taxes — a subtitle A matter, see 26 U.S.C. § 1. A partnership’s tax items affect not the (non- existent) income tax of the partnerships, but the income tax of the partners. 26 U.S.C. § 6222 (subtitle F provision for admin- 3686 RIVER CITY RANCHES v. CIR istering subtitle A requirements). A partnership’s tax items, which determine the partners’ taxes, are litigated in partner- ship proceedings — not in the individual partners’ cases. 26 U.S.C. § 6221 (subtitle F provision for administering subtitle A requirements). [11] The nature of the partnerships’ transactions is a “part- nership item” then, because it is “required to be taken into account . . . under . . . [the income tax provisions of] subtitle A,” as affecting the income tax of the individual partners. As a “partnership item,” the character of the partnerships’ trans- actions is within the Tax Court’s scope of review. [12] The Tax Court erred in holding that it had no jurisdic- tion to make findings concerning the character of the partner- ships’ transactions, for purposes of the 26 U.S.C. § 6621 penalty-interest provisions. Accordingly, we remand for the court to make such findings. Conclusion For the reasons we have stated, we affirm the Tax Court’s holding that these partnerships cannot claim a theft-loss deduction in the years at issue. We vacate the judgment of the Tax Court as to all Adjust- ments issued pursuant to an extension of the limitations period, and remand for additional discovery on the question of whether Hoyt executed the extensions while disabled by conflicts between his own interests and those of his partners, and any necessary retrial following such discovery. As to Adjustments executed within the default limitations periods, our ruling does not disturb the Tax Court’s denial of the peti- tions for readjustment.5 5 The record before us does not clearly identify which Adjustments were filed within the default limitations periods and which were filed under the disputed extensions. The Tax Court will distinguish these two classes of adjustments on remand. RIVER CITY RANCHES v. CIR 3687 We reverse the judgment of the Tax Court that the court lacks jurisdiction in this partnership-level proceeding to make factual findings pertaining to the imposition of penalty- interest under 26 U.S.C. § 6621, and we remand for the Tax Court to make such findings. Each party shall bear its own costs on appeal. AFFIRMED in part, REVERSED in part, and REMANDED for further proceedings. | Low | [
0.5317796610169491,
31.375,
27.625
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The effect of fentanyl anesthesia and intrathecal naloxone on neurologic outcome following spinal cord injury in the rat. Whereas opiate receptor agonists have resulted in spinal cord damage; opiate receptor antagonists have demonstrated protection against spinal cord injury. Because opioids are used in clinical anesthesia, the effect of an opiate antagonist was evaluated on neurologic outcome in a rat model of spinal cord injury occurring during opioid anesthesia. One day prior to spinal cord injury, a catheter was inserted into the spinal subarachnoid space with the tip at T8. On the day of spinal cord injury a balloon tipped catheter was inserted in the epidural space with the tip at the thoracolumbar junction. Spinal cord injury was produced by balloon inflation during one of the following states: 1) group 1 (A/S), injury was produced in awake rats and saline was administered in the subarachnoid space immediately following injury; 2) group 2 (F/S), injury was produced during a fentanyl/nitrous oxide (N2O) anesthetic, and subarachnoid saline administered; and 3) group 3 (F/Nx), injury was produced during a fentanyl/N2O anesthetic, and subarachnoid naloxone (1 mg/kg) was administered immediately following injury. Dose-response curves describing the relationship between the duration of balloon inflation and the percentage of animals with a persistent neurologic deficit were constructed and compared for differences by use of a group t test. The duration of balloon inflation required to produce a neurologic deficit was greater in both the F/S and F/Nx groups than in the A/S group (P less than 0.05). There was no difference between the F/S and F/Nx groups. In summary, in rats receiving a fentanyl/N2O anesthetic, neurologic outcome was improved compared with the awake state.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | High | [
0.6633906633906631,
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)*6. -66*sqrt(13) + 11406 Simplify 4*((2*(sqrt(640)*1 - sqrt(640)) + (sqrt(640) - -2*sqrt(640)*-3))/(6*sqrt(14)/(sqrt(7)*3*-2)))**2. 32000 Simplify -5*(2*sqrt(2057) + 1) + (sqrt(68) + -2*sqrt(68)*-5)/((sqrt(16) - sqrt(144))/sqrt(4)). -231*sqrt(17)/2 - 5 Simplify (1 + (1 + sqrt(2448))*-4 + 2 - (sqrt(2448) - (sqrt(2448) - 1*sqrt(2448))*3)*2*-2)**2. 1 Simplify (-6*(5*(5*sqrt(22)/sqrt(11) + sqrt(2) + sqrt(2) + sqrt(242)*-1)*2 + 4))**2. -11520*sqrt(2) + 115776 Simplify 3 + (1*sqrt(2)*3 + sqrt(2) - (sqrt(98) + -3 + sqrt(98) + sqrt(98)))**2 - 5*(3*(sqrt(200) - 1*sqrt(200)))/sqrt(4). -102*sqrt(2) + 590 Simplify (-3*(-2 + 0 + sqrt(171))*-4 - (sqrt(171) + -2 + 2 + 3 + (-3 + sqrt(171) - sqrt(171))))**2. -1584*sqrt(19) + 21267 Simplify (((sqrt(70) + sqrt(70)*2)*5)/(sqrt(30)/(sqrt(12) - sqrt(3))))**2 + sqrt(168)/(sqrt(12)/sqrt(2))*5. 10*sqrt(7) + 1575 Simplify -6*((sqrt(11) - sqrt(44)*1)*-5 - (1 + ((-6*sqrt(11)*2)**2 - sqrt(11))))*-1. -9510 + 36*sqrt(11) Simplify sqrt(16)/sqrt(32) + 1 + -2 - 2*(sqrt(2) - sqrt(4)/sqrt(2))*-4*6. -1 + sqrt(2)/2 Simplify ((-3*(sqrt(228)*1 + sqrt(228)) - (sqrt(228)*2*1 - sqrt(228)))/(-3*sqrt(300) - sqrt(144)/(1*sqrt(12) + sqrt(12))) + -3 + -3)**2. -168*sqrt(19)/31 + 38320/961 Simplify (-2*sqrt(32) + -1)*-5 - ((-4*((-2*sqrt(128) - sqrt(128)) + sqrt(128) - sqrt(128)))**2 - (-5 + sqrt(128) + -2)). -18434 + 48*sqrt(2) Simplify -5*(sqrt(121)/((2*sqrt(99) + sqrt(99))/sqrt(9) + sqrt(11) + sqrt(11)))**2 + -4*(1 + sqrt(11)*-2 - -1*-1*sqrt(11)). -31/5 + 12*sqrt(11) Simplify (2 + 0 + (sqrt(125) + 0 - sqrt(5)) + sqrt(245)*2 + 3*((sqrt(125) - sqrt(125)*-1)*-6 + 1))**2. -1620*sqrt(5) + 131245 Simplify 2 + (((sqrt(104) + 2*sqrt(104) + sqrt(104))/sqrt(4)*-2)/(sqrt(4)/(-1*sqrt(18)/sqrt(9))) + -4)**2. -64*sqrt(13) + 850 Simplify (3*6*(sqrt(240) - (sqrt(240) + sqrt(240)*-3 + sqrt(240) + sqrt(240))))/((-2*sqrt(2450))/((sqrt(10) - (sqrt(10) - sqrt(10)*-2))*5)). 360*sqrt(3)/7 Simplify (-2*(sqrt(12) - sqrt(12)*-1 - sqrt(12))*3)/(sqrt(12)/(sqrt(2) + sqrt(6)/sqrt(3)) - 5*sqrt(24)). 12*sqrt(2)/19 Simplify -4 + (-5*(sqrt(170) + 1*sqrt(170)*6))/((sqrt(120)*3 - sqrt(120))/sqrt(3)). -35*sqrt(17)/4 - 4 Simplify -5*(-3 + (1*sqrt(112)*5 + 4 - 2*2*(sqrt(112) + 3 - sqrt(112))))**2. -14605 + 2200*sqrt(7) Simplify (3 + ((sqrt(243) + 1 + sqrt(243) - sqrt(243)) + -4)*2*-1*-2 + 2)**2. -504*sqrt(3) + 3937 Simplify ((3*2*sqrt(637) - ((sqrt(143) + (sqrt(143) - (sqrt(143) + (1*sqrt(143) + sqrt(143) - sqrt(143)))))*5)/sqrt(11)) + -5)*4 + 3. -17 + 168*sqrt(13) Simplify ((4 + 0 + 5 + 2*sqrt(192) - (4*(4*sqrt(192) + sqrt(192)) - ((sqrt(192) - (1 + sqrt(192))) + 4))) + 3)**2. -4320*sqrt(3) + 62433 Simplify ((0 + sqrt(7) + sqrt(7) + 2)**2 - -3*sqrt(112))*3 - ((sqrt(70)/(sqrt(50)/(sqrt(10)/sqrt(2))))**2 + 0 + sqrt(35)/(sqrt(5) - sqrt(80))). 89 + 181*sqrt(7)/3 Simplify (-5*(sqrt(180) + sqrt(180)*1 + sqrt(180))*-3 + -2*sqrt(25)/(sqrt(80) - (-2*sqrt(80) + sqrt(80)))*-1)**2. 5842805/16 Simplify (4*(sqrt(300) + -3 + sqrt(300) + -3) + ((sqrt(300) - (sqrt(300) + -1*sqrt(300))) + 2 - (-5 + sqrt(300)*-2)) + 5)**2 + -3. -2640*sqrt(3) + 36441 Simplify (sqrt(3000)*-2 + sqrt(3000) - (sqrt(240)*1 + sqrt(240))/sqrt(8))/((sqrt(24) - (sqrt(24) - (sqrt(24) + 1*sqrt(24)*-4)))/(2*sqrt(4)*-3)). -24*sqrt(5) Simplify ((sqrt(1694)*2)/(sqrt(7) + -6*(sqrt(7) + sqrt(28)/sqrt(4) + sqrt(7))) + -2*sqrt(242) + sqrt(98) + 3)**2. -1662*sqrt(2)/17 + 156059/289 Simplify -5 + -2*(-2*sqrt(448) + 1 + -4 - ((sqrt(448) - 3*-1*sqrt(448)) + -4 + sqrt(448) + 0))**2 + -4. -43915 + 224*sqrt(7) Simplify ((3*sqrt(117)*1 + -6*(sqrt(117) + 2*sqrt(117) - sqrt(117)))/(((sqrt(54) + sqrt(864))*-2)/sqrt(6)) + -2)*-3. -27*sqrt(13)/10 + 6 Simplify (sqrt(162)/sqrt(225))/(sqrt(9) + sqrt(27)/sqrt(3)*-3) + (sqrt(8) - -2*sqrt(16)/sqrt(2))/(sqrt(96)/sqrt(6)) + 3. 7*sqrt(2)/5 + 3 Simplify ((5*(sqrt(3800) + sqrt(3800)*2) - sqrt(3800))*-4)/(6*sqrt(40)/sqrt(5)*-6)*2. 140*sqrt(19)/9 Simplify 3 + (-3*(sqrt(228)*-4 + sqrt(228))*2)/(1*(sqrt(192) + sqrt(192) + -3*sqrt(192))). -9*sqrt(19)/2 + 3 Simplify -3*(-6*-3*sqrt(136)*5)/(sqrt(8)*2*5 + sqrt(8) + sqrt(8) + (sqrt(336)/sqrt(6))/sqrt(7)). -270*sqrt(17)/13 Simplify -2 + (-2*-1*sqrt(180) - (sqrt(405) - (((sqrt(405) + sqrt(405)*5)*-5 + sqrt(405) + sqrt(405) - sqrt(405)) + sqrt(405))**2)). 3*sqrt(5) + 317518 Simplify (-2*1*sqrt(2160) + (sqrt(2160)*-2 + sqrt(2160))*1 + sqrt(2160))/((5*(sqrt(180) - -1*sqrt(180)) - sqrt(180))*4). -sqrt(3)/9 Simplify -4*-3*(sqrt(125) + (0 + sqrt(125) + 2)**2) + ((2 + sqrt(125) + -4)**2 - (sqrt(125) + -1 + -4)**2). 330*sqrt(5) + 1527 Simplify (4*sqrt(1920)*-3*-4)/((sqrt(18) + sqrt(1458)*2 + sqrt(1458) - sqrt(18))/(sqrt(24)/sqrt(2))). 256*sqrt(5)/9 Simplify (((sqrt(180) + 1*sqrt(180))*-6)/((sqrt(72)/sqrt(2))/sqrt(6)))/((sqrt(24)*-2*5)/((sqrt(36)*-1)/sqrt(9))). -6*sqrt(5)/5 Simplify (sqrt(84)*2*-2)/(-5*sqrt(700)*2). 2*sqrt(3)/25 Simplify ((2 + 3 + sqrt(2) + sqrt(200) + (sqrt(200) - sqrt(200)*-3) - (-1*sqrt(648))/(2*sqrt(729) - sqrt(729))) + 3)**2. 2480*sqrt(2)/3 + 48626/9 Simplify (3 + -3 + sqrt(11) + 2 + -3 - (sqrt(176)*-5 - sqrt(55)/(sqrt(5)*1))**2)*-2. -2*sqrt(11) + 9704 Simplify ((sqrt(162) + -3)*5 + 4*(sqrt(162) + -2 + sqrt(162)) + (sqrt(162)*1*-2 - sqrt(162) - (sqrt(162) + sqrt(162)*1)*-2) + -4)**2. -6804*sqrt(2) + 32481 Simplify (-1*sqrt(104)*6*6)/(-1*(-6*sqrt(32)/sqrt(8))/sqrt(2)). -12*sqrt(13) Simplify (1 + 1 + sqrt(112) - (-1 + sqrt(112))*3 - (5*(sqrt(112) - (sqrt(112)*-2 + sqrt(112))) + 2))**2 + 3. -288*sqrt(7) + 16140 Simplify ((-4*sqrt(204)*-6)/sqrt(12))**2 + -3 - (5 + 0 + ((sqrt(187) - sqrt(187)*-2)/sqrt(11))**2). 9631 Simplify 6*(sqrt(135) - (sqrt(135) - -4*sqrt(135)*4))/(sqrt(3) + (sqrt(3) - (sqrt(75) + sqrt(3))*5) + (sqrt(3) - sqrt(30)/(-2*sqrt(10) + sqrt(10)))). 144*sqrt(5)/13 Simplify (3*sqrt(4356)*-1 - (6*2*sqrt(4356) - sqrt(4356) - sqrt(4356)))/((sqrt(1728)*-2*-3 - sqrt(1728)) + -3*(sqrt(1728) + -2*sqrt(1728) + sqrt(1728))). -143*sqrt(3)/60 Simplify ((-6*4*(sqrt(432) + sqrt(432)*1))/((sqrt(81) + (sqrt(81) - (sqrt(81) - (-2*sqrt(81) - sqrt(81)))*-3))*4)*4 + 5)**2. -320*sqrt(3)/7 + 4297/49 Simplify 2 + 3*(sqrt(55)/((sqrt(132) - (sqrt(132)*2 + sqrt(132)))/sqrt(12)) + (-2*sqrt(140))/sqrt(7)). -27*sqrt(5)/2 + 2 Simplify -4 + (1 + ((sqrt(1573)*-1*-1 - sqrt(1573)) + sqrt(52)/((sqrt(4) - sqrt(64))*-4))*-4)**2. -2*sqrt(13)/3 - 14/9 Simplify -2*(3 + ((-3 + sqrt(567) + 3)*4)**2*-6) + -4. 108854 Simplify 5*((1*sqrt(567)*-3 - (sqrt(567) + sqrt(567) + sqrt(567)*1*4))/(sqrt(27)/(1*sqrt(3)*2)))**2. 102060 Simplify (sqrt(68)*2*5 - ((sqrt(204) - sqrt(204)*2)*3 + sqrt(204))/sqrt(12))**2 + ((sqrt(136) + sqrt(136)*-3)*-6)/(sqrt(56)/sqrt(252)). 72*sqrt(17) + 8228 Simplify (3*1*sqrt(228) + 5*(sqrt(228)*1 - sqrt(228)))/(-6*(sqrt(48)*1)/sqrt(4))*6. -3*sqrt(19) Simplify -2*(-1 + (sqrt(75) - (3 + sqrt(75)))**2*5 + (1*sqrt(75))**2 + sqrt(75) + -5 + -3). -222 - 10*sqrt(3) Simplify (2*sqrt(70)*-2 - sqrt(70)*-2*5)/(sqrt(60)/(sqrt(150) + sqrt(150) + 5*sqrt(150))) + 1 + -3. -2 + 210*sqrt(7) Simplify ((sqrt(84) - (sqrt(84) - 1*sqrt(84)))*6)/(sqrt(120)/(sqrt(10)*1)) + 2 + (-1*sqrt(21)/(sqrt(9)/sqrt(3))*-1)**2. 9 + 6*sqrt(7) Simplify (sqrt(152) + 1*sqrt(152)*3)/(sqrt(8) + sqrt(16)/(sqrt(2) + sqrt(10)/sqrt(5))) + -1 + -6*(((sqrt(76)*-1 - sqrt(76) - sqrt(76))*2)/sqrt(4))**2. -4105 + 8*sqrt(19)/3 Simplify ((-3*-2*sqrt(171))**2 - (4 + sqrt(171) + 1)**2) + (4 + -1*sqrt(76) + -5)**2. -26*sqrt(19) + 6037 Simplify (-4 + (sqrt(399)/sqrt(63) + -5*sqrt(57)*-2)/(sqrt(18)/(3*sqrt(6))*-1))**2*3. 744*sqrt(19) + 54825 Simplify -4 + (5*(0 + sqrt(1216)*2)*-1*-5)**2. 3039996 Simplify (6*(sqrt(153) + 3*sqrt(153))*1*5 + 3*sqrt(153)*5 + -4*sqrt(153) + -3)**2. -2358*sqrt(17) + 2625642 Simplify (-1*sqrt(112)*4 - -6*((1*sqrt(112))**2 + sqrt(112))) + 3 + (-4 + sqrt(112) + 0)**2 + 1 + (sqrt(112) - (sqrt(112) - 1*sqrt(112)))**2 + sqrt(112) + -4. -20*sqrt(7) + 912 Simplify ((sqrt(1152) + -2*sqrt(1152))/((sqrt(16)/sqrt(2))/sqrt(4)))/((sqrt(75) - (sqrt(75) - (sqrt(75) + -1*sqrt(75)*-1)))*-6). 2*sqrt(3)/15 Simplify 5 + 2 + (sqrt(70) + sqrt(70)*-4 - sqrt(70))/sqrt(10) + (-1*sqrt(1008))**2 + -1. -4*sqrt(7) + 1014 Simplify (sqrt(72) + (sqrt(72) + -2)*6)*2 - (3 + sqrt(98) + sqrt(98) + -1 + (1 + sqrt(98))*4)**2. -3588 - 420*sqrt(2) Simplify ((sqrt(121) - sqrt(121)*-5*-4)*1*6)/(sqrt(33)/sqrt(3)*4 - (sqrt(396)*-3 + sqrt(39 | Low | [
0.5248041775456911,
25.125,
22.75
]
|
Purification and characterization of a 49-kDa chitinase from Streptomyces griseus HUT 6037. A 49-kDa chitinase (pI7.3) was purified to homogeneity from the culture supernatant of Streptomyces griseus HUT 6037 by ultrafiltration, DEAE-Sephadex A-50 and Sephadex G-100 column chromatographies, and chromatofocusing. The purified enzyme was stable up to 40 degrees C. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the enzyme was highly homologous to the N-terminal region of the fibronectin type III-like domain of S. olivaceoviridis chitinase 01 belonging to family 18 glycosyl hydrolases. The 49-kDa chitinase hydrolyzed partially N-acetylated chitosan more easily than colloidal chitin. The hydrolyzate of 54% deacetylated chitosan by the enzyme was separated by CM-Sephadex C-25 column chromatography. The structures of the oligosaccharides obtained were determined by MALDI-TOF MS analysis combined with exo-glycosidase digestion. In addition to GlcNAc, (GlcNAc)2, and (GlcNAc)3, hetero-chitooligosaccharides with GlcNAc at the reducing end were detected. Thus, the specificity of the enzyme for the hydrolysis of the beta-1,4-glycosidic linkages in partially N-acetylated chitosan was similar to that of the family 18 chitinases. | High | [
0.657276995305164,
35,
18.25
]
|
“Friendship with the unbelievers brings misery to Muslims, like the friendship some Muslim states have with the Zionist regime, exchanging kind words and establishing economic or political relations,” Khamenei writes on Twitter after attending the 35th International Quran Contest in Tehran. That the U.S. president shamelessly says, ‘without the U.S., heads of some Arab states cannot maintain themselves even for a week’, is a humiliation for Muslims. pic.twitter.com/2GtuQX3g7k “Muslims should stand firmly against the US and other domineering powers’ bullying,” he says, repeating comments he reportedly made to the contest’s participants and audience. “If they don’t observe that, they will be humiliated.” Responding to a comment made recently by US President Donald Trump, Khamenei said: “That the US president shamelessly says, ‘without the US, heads of some Arab states cannot maintain themselves even for a week,’ is a humiliation for Muslims.” Bank bandit given life in prison for murdering security guard The Lod District Court sentences Gabi Korsonsky, 35, to a life sentence plus an additional 18 years in prison for a series of high-profile bank robberies as well as the murder of a security guard during one of the thefts. He is also ordered to pay NIS 258,000 ($72,000) in damages to the family of his victim, Yaniv Engler. Korsonsky murdered Engler when the bank securty guard tried to stop him from entering and robbing a bank in Be’er Yaakov, near the central city of Lod, in 2011. Korsonsky was convicted in October 2017 of Engler’s murder, as well as 14 robberies, illegal firearm possession and use on multiple occasions, and opening fire in a residence. In their sentence, the judges wrote: “The defendant carried out a cruel murder, taking the life of a young man who tried to do his duty toward the customers and employees of the bank. As if that were not enough, after causing the senseless death of Yaniv Engler, the defendant calmly continued to carry out his plan, robbing the bank for sheer greed.” Iran orders providers to stop hosting Telegram App The report comes after a top Iranian lawmaker said last month the government would block Telegram for reasons of national security. Since then, many government affiliated users of the app have migrated to local alternatives. Telegram in the past said it rented nodes for its content delivery network, which allowed servers to provide fast content delivery in many regional countries, including Iran. Thursday’s report said the order will lead to slowness and delays. The app, with some 40 million users in Iran, was temporarily shut down during protests in early January. However, some 10 percent of users reached it through proxies and VPN services. Palestinian convicted of trying to bomb Jerusalem light rail In its ruling, the Jerusalem District Court said that 20-year-old Ali Abu Hassan “planned to carry out a mass a terror attack” which judges likened to a suicide attack. Ali Abu Hassan, a Palestinian student from Hebron who was arrested two weeks ago with explosives in his bag at a Jerusalem light station, is brought for a court hearing at the Jerusalem Magistrates Court on August 2, 2016. (Yonatan Sindel/Flash90) On July 15, Hassan entered Israel through a valley outside of the eastern Tsur Baher neighborhood, with the intention of carrying out an attack in the capital as a form of “revenge for visits by tourists and Israeli Jews to the Temple Mount,” police said in a statement at the time. He was armed with three pipe bombs he had linked together into one large explosive and had covered with nails and screws dipped in rat poison. In his bag there were also two knives and a cellphone. 16-year old settler questioned for ‘price tag’ attacks The Honenu legal aid organization says a 16-year-old boy was detained this morning in the northern West Bank and brought in for questioning over suspected involvement in a “price tag” attack earlier this month. He has since been released, they say. On Sunday, the Shin Bet security service released statistics showing far-right hate crimes against Palestinians have increased significantly since the beginning of 2018. Through the first four months of the current calendar year, the Shin Bet documented 13 anti-Arab attacks (not including incidents this week). That was in contrast with only eight such incidents in all of 2017. Police arrest a man from suburban St. Louis for allegedly toppling more than 100 headstones at a local Jewish cemetery more than a year ago. Alzado Harris, 34, was arrested after police matched DNA found in a jacket left at the scene of the February 2017 vandalism to Harris, who has a prior criminal history. After his arrest at his home, Harris confessed to the vandalism at the Chesed Shel Emeth Jewish cemetery, the St. Louis Dispatch reports. FOX2NEWS broadcasts footage of vandalized headstones at a St. Louis area Jewish cemetery. (Screenshot) Harris faces up to seven years in prison on the charge of one count of institutional vandalism. He is not charged with a bias or hate crime. “There is no evidence to indicate the incident was racially, ethnically or religiously motivated,” University City police say in a statement. According to the police statement, Harris said that “he acted alone, was angry over a personal matter and was under the influence of drugs when he committed the offense.” Macron says Trump ‘not very much eager’ to defend Iran deal French President Emmanuel Macron says that he has no “inside information” on whether US President Donald Trump will pull the United States out of the Iran nuclear deal but that it’s clear Trump “is not very much eager to defend it.” Macron’s remarks to French reporters Wednesday come at the end of a three-day trip to Washington, during which he urged Trump not to withdraw from the 2015 pact aimed at restricting Iran’s development of nuclear weapons. In this photo taken on April 24, 2018 US President Donald Trump and French President Emmanuel Macron hold a joint press conference at the White House in Washington, DC.(AFP PHOTO / Ludovic MARIN) Trump on Tuesday called the deal “ridiculous” but did not say whether he would withdraw the US by the May 12 deadline he has set. Macron points out that withdrawing the US from the deal is “a campaign commitment that (Trump) took a long time ago.” 7 youths critically hurt, others missing in Dead Sea flooding Seven youths from a premilitary academy are in critical condition and five others are reported missing after they were swept away in torrential floods in Nahal Tzafit, a riverbed in the southern Dead Sea area. Rivlin: ‘Thoughts and prayers’ with those caught in floods Responding to reports of missing students in a flash flood in the south of Israel, President Rivlin said that his “thoughts and prayers are with our brothers, children and loved ones currently facing danger.” “I call on all of you, please follow police and search and rescue instructions,” he says. Police: ‘We are preparing for a long night of rescue operations’ With darkness falling, police say that search and rescue efforts to find two missing students caught in flash floods in the south of Israel could continue well into the night. “We are doing all we can to find those still missing. Some have been rescued and some are still out there. We will keep going until we find them all,” police spokesperson Meirav Lapidot tells reporters at the scene. “We are preparing for a long night of search and rescue operations,” she says. Eight youths from a premilitary academy were in critical condition and two were missing after they were swept away in torrential floods during a hike in Nahal Tzafit, a riverbed in the southern Dead Sea area. Some 13 members of the group were found and retrieved by rescuers without harm. Two were lightly hurt. Conservative Party suspends council candidate for anti-Semitic tweet George Stoakley, a UK Conservative council candidate for Fen Ditton & Fulbourn in Cambridgeshire, has been suspended by the Conservative Party after reports emerged of anti-Semitic and other offensive historic tweets. In one tweet, which has now been deleted, Stoakley wrote, “Sweating like a Jew in an attic.” Conservative Friends of Israel president Lord Polak and executive director James Gurd say in a statement: “George Stoakley’s historic tweets are reprehensible and unequivocally antisemitic. There must be no place for such vile views in the Conservative Party or anywhere in our society, and we applaud the Conservative Party for taking such swift action in suspending him.” B’Tselem urges UN ‘to protect Palestinian lives’ in Gaza protests Left-wing Israeli rights group B’Tselem is urging the United Nations Security Council to protect Palestinians taking part in the demonstrations on the Gaza border. In an unusual move, the group’s executive director Hagai El-Ad writes to UN Secretary General António Guterres telling him that, “Preventing further loss of life is a responsibility that must be shouldered without delay.” Palestinian protestors during clashes with Israeli security forces on the Israel-Gazan border east of Khan Yunis, in the southern Gaza Strip April 20, 2018. (Abed Rahim Khatib/Flash90) Tens of thousands of Gazans have taken part in Friday protests along the border with Israel, supported by the Hamas terror group which rules the coastal enclave. Hamas leaders say the ultimate aim of the “March of Return” demonstrations is to see the removal of the border and the liberation of Palestine. Mattis: Trump Administration still weighing Iran nuke deal US Defense Secretary Jim Mattis says the administration is still considering whether the Iran nuclear deal can be improved enough to persuade President Donald Trump to remain in it. At a Senate Armed Services Committee hearing, Mattis was asked where the administration stands on the future of the 2015 agreement. Trump has called the deal “insane” and said he will decide by May 12 whether to withdraw from it. US President Donald Trump (L) and Defense Secretary James Mattis at a Cabinet meeting in the Cabinet Room of the White House on March 8, 2018. (AFP Photo/Mandel Ngan) Mattis in the past has said he believes the US should stick with the agreement. In his remarks Thursday, he did not express an opinion but said discussions with European allies about improving the agreement are still in progress. Iran’s president on Wednesday ruled out any changes or additions to the accord. Poll: Most US Jews believe in God, but don’t think God judges them The vast majority of American Jews believe in God, but not in the God of the Bible, according to a new study by the Pew Research Center. The survey shows that 89 percent of American Jews believe in God, compared to 99 percent of Christians, 72 percent of unaffiliated people, and 90 percent of Americans overall. But only 33 percent of Jews believe in a biblical God, compared to 80 percent of Christians. A majority of Jews believe in “some other higher power of spiritual force in the universe,” according to the study. Ten percent of Jews do not believe in God. There was a large margin of error for the Jewish sample of the survey: 12.9 percent, as 155 Jews were surveyed. Poland criticizes US claim that Polish law glorifies Nazism Poland’s government is criticizing the claim of a US congressman that a new Polish law glorifies Nazi collaborators and denies the Holocaust. The charge was made by Ro Khanna, a Democrat from California, one of two congressmen leading a bipartisan effort urging the US State Department to pressure Poland and Ukraine to combat state-sponsored anti-Semitism. “Our government should be concerned with the resurgence of anti-Semitism in Ukraine and Poland. Both countries recently passed laws glorifying Nazi collaborators and denying the Holocaust,” Khanna wrote Wednesday. In response, Andrzej Pawluszek, an adviser to Polish Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki, says that Khanna’s words were “irresponsible and shocking.” Poland’s deputy foreign minister Bartosz Cichocki, retort: “Sir, I would appreciate if you indicated a single law passed in my homeland Poland (recently or not), which glorifies Nazi collaborators and/or denies Holocaust.” In a separate post, he adds: “Equally, I would love to learn what exactly your government did to combat [the] Holocaust after being requested to do so by the Polish government-in-exile.” Polish nationalists protest against restitution of Jewish property Dozens of nationalists picket in front of the American embassy in Warsaw against the restitution of Jewish property. Wednesday’s protest was held under the slogan “Stop Jewish property claims” and is related to a new US law on restitution. The US House of Representatives on Tuesday unanimously passed a bill to support victims of the Holocaust and their families in the process of restitution and recovery of property. Under the measure, the State Department must report the progress of some European countries, including Poland, regarding the return of property unjustly confiscated during the war. Polish lawmaker Robert Winnicki, president of the National Movement, who led the demonstration, said the goal is to protest “against extortion of money and Polish national assets rebuilt after World War II by Polish people.” The group of teenagers caught in a flash flood earlier today, of which nine died and one is still missing, were high-school students who had enrolled in a pre-military academy, Dani Zamir, chairman of the Council of Pre-military Academies tells Channel 2 news. The students, 17- and 18-year-olds, were on a “bonding trip” ahead of the program which begins in September, according to a publicly available schedule of the institutions activities. Zamir says that the trip was not under the auspices of either the Education Ministry or the Defense Ministry. ‘We will die’: Student predicted flash flood a day before she was killed One of the nine teenagers killed in flash flood in the desert near the Dead Sea earlier today told a friend yesterday that she feared for her life in joining the hike that took place in an area known for treacherous weather conditions. Text messages from the girl, published by Hadashot news, reveal her predicting a tragedy and saying she thought the trip was a bad idea. “It makes no sense to go to a place where everything is floods,” she told her friend in a WhatsApp exchange ahead of the bonding hike organized by the Bnei Tzion pre-military academy in Tel Aviv. “We’ll die! I’m serious.” Her friend tried to reassure her, saying that she was sure they would be going to somewhere else that was safe, telling her not to exaggerate. ‘It was a very difficult sight,’ says paramedic who treated flash flood victims MDA paramedic Nir Yafit, who was on the scene when the IDF helicopters carrying the victims landed, says it was “a very difficult sight.” “We did an initial casualty assessment, the first causalities reached us were unconscious, without a pulse and not breathing, suffering injuries and showing signs of drowning.” “With the help of an IDF medical team we did a medical check and after a short time we declared them dead. It was a very hard feeling — we had hoped that we would be brought injured people that could be saved, but sadly, we were helpless. The casualties who reached us showed no signs of life and we could do nothing but declare them dead.” ‘Don’t worry, we are well-prepared… it will be fun and wet,’ organizers of flash flood hike told participants Organizers of the Bnei Tzion pre-military academy hike, in which nine teenagers died in a flash flood, told participants before setting off that they shouldn’t be worried about storm forecasts as they were “well prepared.” Revealed by Kan news, a WhatApp message sent to the participants of the “bonding trip” were told that the hike would be “fun and wet and an experience.” The participants had enrolled in the Bnei Tzion school and were set to begin the year-long program there in the coming months. The hike was organized by current students. In the message they were told to bring “a rain coat,” “a rain cover for your bags,” and “a change of dry clothes in case you need.” “Don’t worry,” the message read, “we are well-prepared for the hike and the academy has checked with the relevant authorities. It will be fun and wet and an experience!” All roads to Eilat closed amid heavy rains and flash floods The southern city of Eilat has been temporarily cut off from most of the rest of the country with the only two roads leading to it from central Israel closed due to heavy rains. Route 90, which leads from Metula on Israel’s northern border, via the Jordan valley, to Eilat, has been closed around the Dead Sea to the Arava Junction following a deadly flash flood in the area in which nine teenagers were killed. At the same time, police have also closed part of Route 40 from Mitzpe Ramon to Tzachor Juntion, due to dangerous conditions in the heavy rain. Rivlin: ‘How much sorrow is sweeping the nation this morning’ President Reuven Rivlin sends his condolences to the families of the 10 students killed yesterday in flash floods during a hike with a pre-military academy they were set to attend. “How much sorrow is sweeping the nation this morning,” says Rivlin on Friday. “We lost wonderful children, the best of our youth. Full of promises, full of expectations and [leaving us with] a broken heart.” Rivlin thanks the rescue crews, IDF, police and volunteers for helping find the missing students, who were killed when their group was hit by flash floods in Tzafit, a riverbed in the southern Dead Sea area. “From here I turn to the citizens of Israel and request: Please, go out to hike only after you checked you’re in a safe area. Don’t take unnecessary risks,” he says. By signing up, you agree to our terms You hereby accept The Times of Israel Terms of Use and Privacy Policy, and you agree to receive the latest news & offers from The Times of Israel and its partners or ad sponsors. The vast majority of American Jews believe in God, but not in the God of the Bible, according to a new study by the Pew Research Center. The survey shows that 89 percent of American Jews believe in God, compared to 99 percent of Christians, 72 percent of unaffiliated people, and 90 percent of Americans overall. But only 33 percent of Jews believe in a biblical God, compared to 80 percent of Christians. A majority of Jews believe in “some other higher power of spiritual force in the universe,” according to the study. Ten percent of Jews do not believe in God. There was a large margin of error for the Jewish sample of the survey: 12.9 percent, as 155 Jews were surveyed. | Low | [
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A retrospective analysis of perioperative complications during intracranial neuroendoscopic procedures: our institutional experience. Neuroendoscopic procedures are now being performed more frequently, and with advancement in technology, complications related to the procedure and equipments have also minimized or changed. We report our experience with 223 patients who underwent intracranial neuroendoscopic procedures. The rates of various perioperative complications, both surgical and anesthesia related, during intracranial neuroendoscopic surgeries were studied. Data collected included demographics, patient's medical history and any associated comorbid conditions, diagnosis, procedure performed, anesthetic management, intraoperative and postoperative complications and outcomes. Of the 223 patients studied, 119 were pediatric (age <14 years) and 104 were adults. Hypothermia (25.1%) and cardiovascular complications (such as tachycardia 18.8%, bradycardia 11.3%, hypertension 16.1%, and hypotension 16.6%) were the commonly observed complications during intraoperative period both in pediatric and adult patients. At the end of the procedure, delayed arousal was observed in 17 patients and 19 patients required postoperative ventilatory support. Postoperative frequent complications included: fever (34.1%), tachycardia (32.7%), nausea and vomiting (18.8%). Potentially fatal complications such as intraoperative hemorrhage, air embolism, etc. were rare. Most of the complications were transient and self-limiting. Although endoscopic procedures are considered minimally invasive, at times may lead to life-threatening complications and one should be aware of them. | High | [
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Oxygen supply records were fudged: Gorakhpur DM’s report A team of doctors checking a child admitted at the BRD Medical College GORAKHPUR: In a disclosure that is set to open a can of worms, the local administration has found that there was overwriting in the log book related to purchase and re-filling of oxygen cylinders at Baba Raghav Das hospital. The inquiry report submitted by the Gorakhpur district magistrate has held supplier Pushpa Sales responsible for stopping the supply of liquid oxygen and raised a question about the absence of the then principal Dr R K Mishra and head of anaesthesia department, Dr Satish Kumar, from the college on August 10. Dr Kumar was responsible for the maintenance of continuous flow of oxygen to the hospital wards. At least 30 kids died in 48 hours at BRD Medical College’s Nehru Hospital on August 10 and 11. Oxygen supply remained disrupted on August 10 evening, though the state government has said this was not the reason for the deaths. The report is mum on whether breakdown in oxygen supply was responsible for the deaths. According to the Gorakhpur DM’s report, Dr Kumar and chief pharmacist Gajanan Jaiswal wilfully did not maintain the record of purchase of oxygen cylinders. Dr Kumar never inspected the log book or signed it. "There are multiple instances of overwriting in the stock book of oxygen cylinder at the BRD hospital. Even the log book which is supposed to be maintained by Dr Satish Kumar never had any signature or thumb impressions," the report says, adding that anomalies in cylinders’ record logbook points to financial anomalies. | Mid | [
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Friday, December 21, 2012 I'm happy to announce the release of my new novella THE POSTHUMOUS MAN.The book is being published in both print and ebook by BEAT to a PULP, the fine press run by David Cranmer.Here's the scoop on the book: When Elliot Stilling killed himself, he thought his troubles were over. Then the ER doctors revived him. It’s infatuation at first sight when he meets his nurse, Felicia Vogan, a strange young woman with a weakness for sad sacks and losers. After she helps Elliot escape from the hospital, she takes him back to her place. He’s happy to go with her, even when she leads him straight to a gang planning a million dollar heist. Does Felicia just want Elliott to protect her from the outfit’s psychotic leader, Stan the Man? Or is Elliot being set up to take the hard fall? One thing’s for sure: if he’s going to survive this long night of deceit and murder, Elliot will have to finally face himself and his own dark past. Eddie Muller, president of the Film Noir Foundation and Shamus-award winning author of THE DISTANCE:In THE POSTHUMOUS MAN the existential and theological themes buried inside the best noir are pulled to the surface, hungry for air and clutching a last chance at redemption. Jake Hinkson crafts this bullet-fast novella with qualities emblematic of my favorite best crime fiction: empathy, gravity and brevity. Much appreciated and highly recommended. Scott Phillips, award winning author of THE ICE HARVEST and THE ADJUSTMENT:THE POSTHUMOUS MAN is every bit as crazily entertaining as Hinkson's hard-rocking debut, HELL ON CHURCH STREET, and it reads like a streamliner rocketing across the Bonneville Salt Flats. Wednesday, December 19, 2012 In 1948, the novelist Richard Wright teamed up with Argentinian director Pierre Chenal to film an adaptation of Wright's controversial bestseller NATIVE SON. The resulting film is one of the rare examples of classic-era "black noir". Upon its release,NATIVE SON was cut up by censors who were afraid of the racial and political message. For many years the original uncut version of the film was assumed to be lost. In recent years, however, a surviving print has been found and NATIVE SON is coming back to life. I got a chance to talk to one of the architects of this resurrection, scholar Edgardo Krebs. Sunday, December 16, 2012 In the 1940s, he was The Ladykiller. One of the great bastards in film noir, he specialized in terrorizing women. The source of his charisma is a transparent sleaziness topped off with a razor-thin veneer of charm (like Eddie Haskell grown up and turned abusive). He oozed his slimey charm arcoss a variety of films, but he set the standard in masterpieces like SCARLET STREET, CRISS CROSS, and TOO LATE FOR TEARS. Read more about the king of heels in my new piece on Duryea over at Criminal Element. Monday, December 10, 2012 Frank Lovejoy was so underrated in the fifties. He was just another character actor with a pleasant face and an authoritarian voice. Today he’s probably best known to noir fans as Humphrey Bogart’s long suffering cop buddy in Nicholas Ray’s In a Lonely Place and as one of the unsuspecting motorists taken hostage in Ida Lupino’s The Hitch-Hiker. His best role, however, was as Howard Tyler, the doomed getaway driver in Cy Endfield’s still largely unknown The Sound of Fury. Tyler is an ex-serviceman who has recently relocated his wife and young son to California following the war. Things are supposed to be good in the sun-kissed promised land, but they aren’t. Tyler can’t get a job, and his wife’s getting fed up. He takes off one afternoon, stops by a bowling alley for a beer, and meets a guy named Jerry Slocum (Lloyd Bridges). Slocum’s a slick, fast-talking hoodlum with a business proposition for a man who’s steady behind the steering wheel. At first, Tyler has some reservations about being a getaway driver, but Jerry spells it out: take your dignity and go home broke, or stop being a sucker and go home with some cash in your wallet. Tyler thinks about it and calls his wife to tell her he’s going to be late. By midnight, he’s waiting outside a gas station while Jerry’s inside pistol-whipping the attendant. The money flows. Tyler buys groceries. His wife is happy, and his kid wants a television set so they can watch westerns. All Tyler has to do is keep working the night shift with Jerry, but before long Jerry decides they need to upgrade from armed robbery to kidnapping. He picks the scion of a well-to-do family, and one night they nab the guy as he leaves his house. I won’t say more about the plot except to note that in film noir there are a million guys like Jerry Slocum. He’s got meanness and a lot of ideas for getting rich. Surveying the world around him, he just sees a bunch of suckers, so he spends his days drinking beer and bowling, and spends his nights drinking whiskey and chasing dames. He thinks he’s smart, but he’s not. In noir, when you climb into a car with a Jerry Slocum you are hitching a ride to nowhere. As Slocum, Lloyd Bridges is all vanity and violence. His preening is the perfect counterpoint to Frank Lovejoy’s sympathetic, believable portrayal as Tyler. Lovejoy has the ease of a natural onscreen everyman, but the last third of the film takes him places that are dark, frantic and surprising. It is a wonderful performance but a bittersweet reminder of how seldom Lovejoy was given challenging roles. (He seemed to have settled into television—with shows like his private eye series “Meet McGraw”—when he died suddenly of a heart attack in 1962.) Here, forming a duet with Bridges, he does the best work of his career. The rest of the cast is hit or miss. The acclaimed Broadway actress Katherine Locke plays a disturbed spinster named Hazel, and she and Lovejoy share some nice scenes together near the end of the film. But Kathleen Ryan is shrill and whiney as Tyler’s put-upon wife. She has one good scene late in the film reading a letter from her husband, but a stronger actress in this role could have given us more insight into the nature of Tyler’s tortured decision to be a criminal. Likewise, every time little Donald Smelick opens his mouth as Tyler’s cowboy-obsessed son, I wanted him to shut up—though, in his defense, with a few exceptions most kids in noirs are generally insufferable. The film was directed by Cy Endfield, a director who got his start as an apprentice in Orson Welles’ Mercury Productions at RKO. After Welles was driven out of RKO, Endfield wound up directing shorts for MGM, and finally got his shot at directing features at the Z-list studio Monogram. Heads started to turn for Endfield in 1950 when he made the independently produced The Underworld Story and The Sound of Fury —back to back films that were intelligent, uncompromising, and dealt with the themes of the press, mob violence, and human weakness. Unfortunately, soon after the release of The Sound of Fury, Endfield was named as a Communist sympathizer in the House on Un-American Activities Committee’s hearings on Communist subversives in Hollywood. He fled to England (where he eventually worked with fellow blacklistee Bridges), and he never retuned to work in Hollywood. It’s damn disgrace that someone of Endfield’s talent was driven out of his profession, of course, but he left behind two impressive American films. His work in The Underworld Story is strong, but his work in The Sound of Fury is superlative. It helps that he’s working from an intelligent script by novelist Jo Pagano, whose source novel The Condemned is a sharp and underrated piece of work in its own right. Pagano intended his book, and the film that followed it, as an indictment of lynch mobs and journalistic cravenness. In both the book and the film he reaches too far in this respect (in fact he and Endfield butted heads over sections of the script Endfield felt were too didactic), but the power of its narrative comes from the way it weaves these themes in with Howard’s choice and its terrible consequences. Together, Endfield and Pagano crafted a quintessential film noir. Saturday, December 8, 2012 Frank Lovejoy was the great unheralded Everyman of film noir. He had a gift that most actors would kill for--he was wholly believable as an ordinary man. At the same time, however, there is something boiling beneath the surface of this actor's best work. Monday, December 3, 2012 I have an essay on Tom Neal in the new issue of NOIRCITY. Neal, of course, is best known as the star of of the essential 1945 noirDETOUR. While the film has long been acknowledged as gritty masterpiece, Neal has never been given his due. I aim to fix that oversight. My essay looks at his early life, his career, his contribution to DETOUR, and the events surrounding his imprisonment in 1965 for lethally shooting his third wife. Neal's life was as dark as any noir, and no fan of the genre will want to miss it. This issue also contains my interview with scholar Edgardo Krebs about the making and rediscovery of the 1950 film version of Richard Wright's NATIVE SON. Steve Kronenberg writes about director Edgar G. Ulmer's plans to remake DETOUR in the 1960s, Eddie Muller writes about the silent film THE DOCKS OF NEW YORK, John McElwee writes about the long overlooked director Hugo Haas. And, as they say, there is much much more. Go check it out at the Film Noir Foundation. | Low | [
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<?php /* * This file is part of the Symfony package. * * (c) Fabien Potencier <[email protected]> * * For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE * file that was distributed with this source code. */ namespace Symfony\Component\Routing\Annotation; /** * Annotation class for @Route(). * * @Annotation * @Target({"CLASS", "METHOD"}) * * @author Fabien Potencier <[email protected]> */ class Route { private $path; private $name; private $requirements = []; private $options = []; private $defaults = []; private $host; private $methods = []; private $schemes = []; private $condition; /** * @param array $data An array of key/value parameters * * @throws \BadMethodCallException */ public function __construct(array $data) { if (isset($data['value'])) { $data['path'] = $data['value']; unset($data['value']); } foreach ($data as $key => $value) { $method = 'set'.str_replace('_', '', $key); if (!method_exists($this, $method)) { throw new \BadMethodCallException(sprintf('Unknown property "%s" on annotation "%s".', $key, static::class)); } $this->$method($value); } } public function setPath($path) { $this->path = $path; } public function getPath() { return $this->path; } public function setHost($pattern) { $this->host = $pattern; } public function getHost() { return $this->host; } public function setName($name) { $this->name = $name; } public function getName() { return $this->name; } public function setRequirements($requirements) { $this->requirements = $requirements; } public function getRequirements() { return $this->requirements; } public function setOptions($options) { $this->options = $options; } public function getOptions() { return $this->options; } public function setDefaults($defaults) { $this->defaults = $defaults; } public function getDefaults() { return $this->defaults; } public function setSchemes($schemes) { $this->schemes = \is_array($schemes) ? $schemes : [$schemes]; } public function getSchemes() { return $this->schemes; } public function setMethods($methods) { $this->methods = \is_array($methods) ? $methods : [$methods]; } public function getMethods() { return $this->methods; } public function setCondition($condition) { $this->condition = $condition; } public function getCondition() { return $this->condition; } } | Mid | [
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/* * JBoss, Home of Professional Open Source * * Copyright 2018 Red Hat, Inc. and/or its affiliates. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package org.jboss.as.test.integration.security.loginmodules; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.net.InetAddress; import java.security.KeyStore; import java.security.cert.X509Certificate; import java.util.Collections; import javax.security.auth.x500.X500Principal; import org.wildfly.security.x500.GeneralName; import org.wildfly.security.x500.cert.SelfSignedX509CertificateAndSigningKey; import org.wildfly.security.x500.cert.SubjectAlternativeNamesExtension; /** * Generates the ldaps.jks keystore needed for some of the LDAP tests * @author <a href="mailto:[email protected]">Justin Cook</a> */ public class GenerateLDAPSJKSStore { private static final char[] GENERATED_KEYSTORE_PASSWORD = "secret".toCharArray(); private static final String ALIAS = "localhost"; private static final String WORKING_DIRECTORY_LOCATION = GenerateLDAPSJKSStore.class.getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation().getPath() + "org/jboss/as/test/integration/security/loginmodules"; private static final File KEY_STORE_FILE = new File(WORKING_DIRECTORY_LOCATION, "ldaps.jks"); private static final String DN = "CN=localhost, OU=JBoss, O=Red Hat, C=US"; private static final String SHA_1_RSA = "SHA1withRSA"; private static KeyStore loadKeyStore() throws Exception { KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS"); ks.load(null, null); return ks; } private static SelfSignedX509CertificateAndSigningKey createSelfSigned() { return SelfSignedX509CertificateAndSigningKey.builder() .setDn(new X500Principal(DN)) .setKeyAlgorithmName("RSA") .setSignatureAlgorithmName(SHA_1_RSA) .addExtension(new SubjectAlternativeNamesExtension(false, Collections.singletonList( new GeneralName.IPAddress(InetAddress.getLoopbackAddress().getHostAddress())))) .setKeySize(1024) .build(); } private static KeyStore createKeyStore(SelfSignedX509CertificateAndSigningKey selfSignedX509CertificateAndSigningKey) throws Exception { KeyStore keyStore = loadKeyStore(); X509Certificate certificate = selfSignedX509CertificateAndSigningKey.getSelfSignedCertificate(); keyStore.setKeyEntry(ALIAS, selfSignedX509CertificateAndSigningKey.getSigningKey(), GENERATED_KEYSTORE_PASSWORD, new X509Certificate[]{certificate}); return keyStore; } private static void createTemporaryKeyStoreFile(KeyStore keyStore) throws Exception { try (FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(KEY_STORE_FILE)){ keyStore.store(fos, GENERATED_KEYSTORE_PASSWORD); } } private static void setUpKeyStores() throws Exception { File workingDir = new File(WORKING_DIRECTORY_LOCATION); if (workingDir.exists() == false) { workingDir.mkdirs(); } SelfSignedX509CertificateAndSigningKey selfSignedX509CertificateAndSigningKey = createSelfSigned(); KeyStore keyStore = createKeyStore(selfSignedX509CertificateAndSigningKey); createTemporaryKeyStoreFile(keyStore); } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { setUpKeyStores(); } } | Mid | [
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Can serum cytokine profile discriminate irritant-induced and allergen-induced symptoms? A cross-sectional study in workers mostly exposed to laboratory animals. In workers exposed mostly to laboratory animals (LA), symptoms may be due to irritants or allergens. Correct aetiological diagnosis is important for health surveillance. This study aims to test whether work-related (WR) allergen-induced symptoms are associated with a cytokine profile distinct from that due to irritants. In a cross-sectional study (n=114), WR respiratory and/or skin symptoms were assessed through a standardised clinical examination and sensitisation to rat and/or mouse allergen determined by serum immunoglobulin E. Serum cytokine concentrations were measured by multiplex assays. The predefined cytokine profiles 'sensitiser' (interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13, eotaxin-1) and 'irritation' (IL-8, IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-22) were considered positive, when ≥3 concentrations exceeded the 95th percentile of the asymptomatic non-sensitised group. Results were examined by hierarchical clustering analyses (HCA) and multiple linear regression. Explorative analyses were carried out for nine additional cytokines. Exposure to allergens and endotoxin was assessed in a subpopulation. The prevalence of the profile 'irritation' was comparable in 28 symptomatic non-sensitised workers and 71 asymptomatic non-sensitised workers. HCA showed that nearly all symptomatic non-sensitised workers were gathered in two subclusters, characterised by high IL-17A levels, but different IL-8 levels. Multiple linear regression identified drug consumption and current complaints as confounders. Sensitised subjects were too few (n=14) for testing the profile 'sensitiser'. In this unselected population of LA workers, the profile 'irritation' did not prove to be a valuable health surveillance tool. Low power precluded assessment of the profile 'sensitiser'. The increased IL-17A concentration may originate from irritative constituents of organic dust. | Low | [
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It is not too late to restore your marriage! Find out more about my marriage counseling services by contacting me, Marinel Weaver, LCSW Psychotherapy & Consultation, serving residents in the La Mesa, CA area. You do not have to live with your depression anymore! Instead, set up your first depression counseling session by calling me, Marinel Weaver, LCSW Psychotherapy & Consultation in La Mesa, CA, right away! Welcome to Marinel Weaver, LCSW Psycotherapy & Consultation If you are struggling with personal issues, such as marriage trouble, depression, grief, abuse, addiction, or any other personal problems, it is important you know there is help available. I,Marinel Weaver, LCSW Psychotherapy & Consultation, offer professional counseling and consultation services that will provide the support you need right now. I have more than 20 years’ experience counseling residents in the La Mesa, CA area. In addition to this vast experience, I have the expert knowledge needed to help you deal with any emotional issue you may be facing. I have created a safe environment in my office to help you relax while I help you work through your problems and return to a happier life. I have been specializing in couples therapy since 1994. I work with couples through all relationship levels, from couples who are preparing for marriage, to couples who have filed for divorce. I will work with you and your partner to help you identify and successfully address any issues that may be plaguing your relationship. I also offer compassionate depression counseling services designed to help you effectively deal with triggers that may be causing your depression. My supportive services will help you work through a range of issues, including abuse, trauma, addiction, dependency, grief, stress, and anxiety. In addition, I offer personal growth counseling that can help you remove the barriers in your life that may be preventing you from achieving the success you want and deserve. I am a qualified USANA Health Sciences distributor and have these specialty nutritional and personal care items in my office, available for you. I will be happy to discuss any of these products with you and help you determine which ones may be right for you. | Mid | [
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/*M/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // // IMPORTANT: READ BEFORE DOWNLOADING, COPYING, INSTALLING OR USING. // // By downloading, copying, installing or using the software you agree to this license. // If you do not agree to this license, do not download, install, // copy or use the software. // // // License Agreement // For Open Source Computer Vision Library // // Copyright (C) 2000-2008, Intel Corporation, all rights reserved. // Copyright (C) 2009-2011, Willow Garage Inc., all rights reserved. // Third party copyrights are property of their respective owners. // // Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, // are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: // // * Redistribution's of source code must retain the above copyright notice, // this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. // // * Redistribution's in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, // this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation // and/or other materials provided with the distribution. // // * The name of the copyright holders may not be used to endorse or promote products // derived from this software without specific prior written permission. // // This software is provided by the copyright holders and contributors "as is" and // any express or implied warranties, including, but not limited to, the implied // warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose are disclaimed. // In no event shall the Intel Corporation or contributors be liable for any direct, // indirect, incidental, special, exemplary, or consequential damages // (including, but not limited to, procurement of substitute goods or services; // loss of use, data, or profits; or business interruption) however caused // and on any theory of liability, whether in contract, strict liability, // or tort (including negligence or otherwise) arising in any way out of // the use of this software, even if advised of the possibility of such damage. // //M*/ #ifndef OPENCV_VIDEOSTAB_FRAME_SOURCE_HPP #define OPENCV_VIDEOSTAB_FRAME_SOURCE_HPP #include <vector> #include "opencv2/core.hpp" namespace cv { namespace videostab { //! @addtogroup videostab //! @{ class CV_EXPORTS IFrameSource { public: virtual ~IFrameSource() {} virtual void reset() = 0; virtual Mat nextFrame() = 0; }; class CV_EXPORTS NullFrameSource : public IFrameSource { public: virtual void reset() CV_OVERRIDE {} virtual Mat nextFrame() CV_OVERRIDE { return Mat(); } }; class CV_EXPORTS VideoFileSource : public IFrameSource { public: VideoFileSource(const String &path, bool volatileFrame = false); virtual void reset() CV_OVERRIDE; virtual Mat nextFrame() CV_OVERRIDE; int width(); int height(); int count(); double fps(); private: Ptr<IFrameSource> impl; }; //! @} } // namespace videostab } // namespace cv #endif | Low | [
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Q: PHPExcel exception error "cell cordinate can not be zero-length string" trying simple example to generate a xls file I'm trying to generate a xls template in my web application and for that, I'm using PHPExcel. I use a personalized framework (PHPFW) and also ZendFramework. I'm trying to do my first test using the example: 01simple-download.xls. But when the file is downloaded and I open it using Excel mac 2008, I have the following error message: Now, I'm using the following example code in my controller to generate the xls file to download: public function bulkUploadTemplateExcel($ctx) { /** Error reporting */ error_reporting(E_ALL); ini_set('display_errors', TRUE); ini_set('display_startup_errors', TRUE); date_default_timezone_set('Europe/London'); if (PHP_SAPI == 'cli') die('This example should only be run from a Web Browser'); // Create new PHPExcel object $objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel(); // Set document properties $objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCreator("Maarten Balliauw") ->setLastModifiedBy("Maarten Balliauw") ->setTitle("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document") ->setSubject("Office 2007 XLSX Test Document") ->setDescription("Test document for Office 2007 XLSX, generated using PHP classes.") ->setKeywords("office 2007 openxml php") ->setCategory("Test result file"); // Add some data $objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0) ->setCellValue('A1', 'Hello') ->setCellValue('B2', 'world!') ->setCellValue('C1', 'Hello') ->setCellValue('D2', 'world!'); // Miscellaneous glyphs, UTF-8 $objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0) ->setCellValue('A4', 'Miscellaneous glyphs') ->setCellValue('A5', 'éàèùâêîôûëïüÿäöüç'); // Rename worksheet $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setTitle('Simple'); // Set active sheet index to the first sheet, so Excel opens this as the first sheet $objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0); // Redirect output to a client’s web browser (Excel5) header('Content-Type: application/vnd.ms-excel'); header('Content-Disposition: attachment;filename="01simple.xls"'); header('Cache-Control: max-age=0'); $objWriter = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($objPHPExcel, 'Excel5'); $objWriter->save('php://output'); exit; } Do you have any idea of what am I possibly doing wrong? PS: as in the example, I'm doing the require_once 'application/classes/lib/PHPExcel.php'; in my view (in phpfw, the controller calls a view that calls a template). A: As @Mark Baker said, this problem was happening just because of the version I was using. I'd recommend all users who have the same problem to check if the version ur using is the latest version u can find in github. Thanks again, @Mark Baker! Now it works well! | High | [
0.6633416458852861,
33.25,
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|
Effect of green tea on pharmacokinetics of 5-fluorouracil in rats and pharmacodynamics in human cell lines in vitro. Tea drinking is widely practiced in the world and has recently increased among cancer patients. However, the effects of concurrent consumption of tea on the bioavailability and the net therapeutic potential of co-administered chemical drugs are not clear. In this study, the effects of green tea on the pharmacokinetics of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in rats and the pharmacodynamics in human cell lines in vitro were studied. The pharmacokinetic experiment indicated that there was an approximately 151% increase in the maximum plasma concentration (C(max)) and an approximately 425% increase in the area under the plasma concentration curve (AUC) of 5-FU in the green tea-treated group compared with the control group. Green tea consumption increased the plasma concentration of 5-FU. In addition, the pharmacodynamics experiment showed that at the moderate dose level (equivalent to <6 cups daily in human), neither fresh green tea extract nor (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) showed significant additive effects on the cytotoxicity of 5-FU in human cell lines. The results showed that it is crucial to perform therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) when the cancer patients have a habit of drinking green tea. | Mid | [
0.65482233502538,
32.25,
17
]
|
//------------------------------------------------------------------------ // parcv3-fstat.S //------------------------------------------------------------------------ #include "parc-macros.h" TEST_PARC_BEGIN //---------------------------------------------------------------- // Basic test //---------------------------------------------------------------- li $v0, 9 li $a0, 1 la $a1, tdata0 li $a2, 0 syscall la $t0, tdata0 lw $t1, 0($t0) la $t0, tdata1 lw $t1, 0($t0) la $t0, tdata2 lw $t1, 0($t0) la $t0, tdata3 lw $t1, 0($t0) la $t0, tdata4 lw $t1, 0($t0) la $t0, tdata5 lw $t1, 0($t0) la $t0, tdata6 lw $t1, 0($t0) la $t0, tdata7 lw $t1, 0($t0) la $t0, tdata8 lw $t1, 0($t0) la $t0, tdata9 lw $t1, 0($t0) la $t0, tdata10 lw $t1, 0($t0) la $t0, tdata11 lw $t1, 0($t0) la $t0, tdata12 lw $t1, 0($t0) la $t0, tdata13 lw $t1, 0($t0) la $t0, tdata14 lw $t1, 0($t0) la $t0, tdata15 lw $t1, 0($t0) li $v0, 1 syscall TEST_PARC_END //---------------------------------------------------------------- // Test data //---------------------------------------------------------------- .data .align 4 tdata0: .word 0x00000000 tdata1: .word 0x00000000 tdata2: .word 0x00000000 tdata3: .word 0x00000000 tdata4: .word 0x00000000 tdata5: .word 0x00000000 tdata6: .word 0x00000000 tdata7: .word 0x00000000 tdata8: .word 0x00000000 tdata9: .word 0x00000000 tdata10: .word 0x00000000 tdata11: .word 0x00000000 tdata12: .word 0x00000000 tdata13: .word 0x00000000 tdata14: .word 0x00000000 tdata15: .word 0x00000000 | Low | [
0.525096525096525,
34,
30.75
]
|
Details Time Out says Mimi Lien’s set for the revival of David Henry Hwang’s 1981 The Dance and the Railroad sums up the situation nicely. The Pershing Square Signature Center’s smallest theater, the Griffin, already features Gehry-designed cubist cladding; Lien extends these jumbled plywood planes onto the stage, where they become a stylized Sierra Nevada—as well as a metaphor for the embracing Signature mission. Anywhere else, this elegant two-hander wouldn’t get a hearing, since its tidy rewards do not outstrip its compact size. But this production sets off the small jewel perfectly, so we can consider its frequently affecting facets in proportion and comfort. Dance imagines two 19th-century Chinese railroad workers caught in a duet of art and labor: indomitable Lone (Wu), who defies exhaustion to train nightly for the Chinese opera, and Ma (Iskandar), the puppyish newcomer who knows just enough to be amazed at Lone’s skill. During the doomed, weeklong Central Pacific Railroad strike of 1867, Ma badgers Lone into taking him on, first as a student and then as an almost-friend. In this, his second play, Hwang didn’t always balance his fable structure with thematic complexity, and the easy dichotomy of art versus money feels like youthful writing. But a graceful, extended climax (sensitively directed by May Adrales), in which the men collaborate on an “opera” of Ma’s terrible journey to the West, deepens the piece immeasurably. For a short while, Hwang creates the sense that an epic—tragic and globe-spanning—has been folded infinitely small, and we have stumbled across it, curled up and hidden inside a short story.—Helen Shaw | Mid | [
0.6466809421841541,
37.75,
20.625
]
|
Microsoft RSS Blog 7/17/2020 6 minutes to read In this article All about RSS and feed technology at Microsoft and across the community On the IE blog, Eric Lawrence presented the User-Agent string for the beta version of Internet... Author: RSS Date: 02/27/2008 A couple weeks ago, Chris Jones (VP on the Windows Live team) announced the new Windows Live suite.... Author: RSS Date: 09/18/2007 You’ve probably seen the postings in the past on this blog about the Simple Sharing Extensions (SSE)... Author: RSS Date: 07/28/2007 One of the great things about RSS is that it's being used all over the world in countless ways.... Author: RSS Date: 06/05/2007 Sam Ruby pointed out HTTP 410 GONE support in feed readers or rather the lack thereof. He links to... Author: RSS Date: 04/27/2007 We've received some reports of users noticing that their feeds subscription stop updating after... Author: RSS Date: 01/08/2007 It's always fun when a story hits the blogosphere while you're stuck on a plane. :) This will be... Author: RSS Date: 12/23/2006 A while ago I posted details about the RSS Platform Download Engine. That post focused on... Author: RSS Date: 12/06/2006 As noted pretty much everywhere on the web, Windows Vista launched (for businesses) last week.... Author: RSS Date: 12/04/2006 It's been a hectic week. Between getting thrown in a fountain (that's my boss, Group Program Manager... Author: RSS Date: 10/21/2006 The folks at Attensa make a slick RSS aggregator that integrates with Outlook and provides a River... Author: RSS Date: 10/10/2006 One question we get asked occasionally is: How do I back up my feed list? Well, it turns out that... Author: RSS Date: 10/08/2006 What better way to spend a Friday afternoon (Redmond time, at least), than by filling out a quick 8... Author: RSS Date: 09/22/2006 Have you wanted to use the Windows RSS Platform from C++? Unlike managed code or script there is no... Author: RSS Date: 09/22/2006 Greetings, I am one of the developers on the RSS team, and to complement Sean’s and Walter’s recent... Author: RSS Date: 09/20/2006 Earlier this year at Mix06, Greg Reinacker and I did a talk on the RSS platform, during which he... Author: RSS Date: 09/19/2006 Shortly after the SPI Dynamics presentation that sparked a renewed discussion on feed security in... Author: RSS Date: 09/08/2006 In case you're one of the 12 people who read our blog and don't also read the IE blog, I thought I... Author: RSS Date: 08/24/2006 I think it's only appropriate to congratulate the Windows Live Writer team on the release of their... Author: RSS Date: 08/13/2006 You might have read the c|net article "Blog feeds may carry security risk" which summarizes the... Author: RSS Date: 08/07/2006 MSDN TV that is. At the end of June MSDN TV published my episode on RSS in IE7 and the RSS Platform.... Author: RSS Date: 08/01/2006 Jane talked about reading feeds with ease in IE7 Beta 3. I want highlight what is new in the Windows... Author: RSS Date: 07/28/2006 IE7 Beta 3 is here! We’ve snuck in some goodies in the feed reading user experience based on your... Author: RSS Date: 06/29/2006 We’ve been getting a few questions on how to use RSS Platform events in VB.NET. The problem faced by... Author: RSS Date: 06/08/2006 Last month, I reviewed the chapter about the Windows RSS Platform in Dave Johnson’s upcoming book... Author: RSS Date: 05/05/2006 All Mix06 talks have been made available on video for anyone to watch at http://sessions.mix06.com/... Author: RSS Date: 05/05/2006 We've received inquiries regarding the user-agent string that the Windows RSS Platform uses when... Author: RSS Date: 04/28/2006 IE7 Beta 2 is now available for general download! Read Dean’s post to the IE blog for more details,... Author: RSS Date: 04/25/2006 Not too long ago I gave a talk titled "Using the RSS Platform on Windows: Syndication Goes... Author: RSS Date: 04/14/2006 I, for one, am very excited to have Niall Kennedy join the Windows Live team and drive the... Author: RSS Date: 04/12/2006 I wanted to take a couple of minutes to describe how the RSS Platform's download engine works. The... Author: RSS Date: 04/08/2006 We’ve updated the Publisher’s Guide (http://blogs.msdn.com/rssteam/articles/PublishersGuide.aspx)... Author: RSS Date: 03/30/2006 Hey! This is Arvind. I am a Software Design Engineer in Test in the RSS Team working on among other... Author: RSS Date: 03/29/2006 Last summer, at Gnomedex 5.0, we announced the Simple List Extensions (SLE), which allow RSS and... Author: RSS Date: 03/28/2006 Bryan Starbuck from the Windows Live development team blogged about the RSS feed support in Mail... Author: RSS Date: 03/06/2006 John and I have been working on a sample application using the Windows RSS Platform. It's a screen... Author: RSS Date: 02/27/2006 A quick plug for Mix06 - it's coming up fast (Mar 20-22), so get registered quickly. In case you... Author: RSS Date: 02/24/2006 About once or twice a day, we get an email from someone asking why it is that IE 7 isn't detecting... Author: RSS Date: 02/10/2006 Here's a wiki for you to report any problematic feed discovery and rendering issues:... Author: RSS Date: 02/09/2006 We just shipped the Windows RSS Platform with the IE7 Beta 2 Preview and questions about the RSS... Author: RSS Date: 02/08/2006 As I discussed earlier, the Windows RSS platform (common feed list, synchronization engine and feed... Author: RSS Date: 02/04/2006 The feed reading experience in IE7 is meant to be lightweight and simple. We display the accumulated... Author: RSS Date: 02/02/2006 Hi, I'm Jane. Everyone I know spends their free time browsing the internet… whether it’s catching up... Author: RSS Date: 02/02/2006 Hello, Walter from the land of IE Program Managers here. You might have seen or read about the RSS... Author: RSS Date: 02/01/2006 SSE Update I’d like to thank the community for providing valuable feedback on the SSE spec through... Author: RSS Date: 01/25/2006 Congrats to Robert and Shel on the launch of their book, "Naked Conversations." A couple of us from... Author: RSS Date: 01/22/2006 Next> | Mid | [
0.5703883495145631,
29.375,
22.125
]
|
The hepatoprotective effect of the probiotic Clostridium butyricum against carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver damage in mice. Previous studies have revealed that the probiotic Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) can attenuate cirrhosis in chronic non-alcoholic liver disease. However, the effects of C. butyricum on acute liver injury (ALI) remain unclear. Therefore, the present study aims to examine the hepatoprotective effects and the underlying mechanisms employed by C. butyricum in a carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced ALI murine model. Here, we evaluated the survival rate and the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), anti-oxidants, cytokines and the gut microbiota to elucidate the potential mechanisms by which C. butyricum is hepatoprotective. Our results show that five days of prophylactic C. butyricum treatment significantly reduced mortality by 40% and decreased the CCl4-induced levels of ALT and AST in the serum of these mice. Additionally, prophylactic treatment with C. butyricum increased the activity of both superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and substantially reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, which were deteriorated in the untreated ALI mice compared to normal control mice. Furthermore, C. butyricum up-regulated the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) content. CCl4-induced mice also exhibited considerable increases of phosphorylation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). However, the inflammatory responses of the liver induced by CCl4 were significantly alleviated by C. butyricum pretreatment. Additionally, we found that interleukin-10 (IL-10), an anti-inflammatory mediator, was increased in the C. butyricum-pretreated group. Microbiota analysis in these mice revealed crosstalk between the gut microbial metabolites and ALI. The intestinal flora was changed by CCl4 administration and was shifted by the probiotic C. butyricum toward more beneficial bacteria, particularly the Clostridia orders, which are the known producers of the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative metabolite butyrate. In conclusion, we found that the intestinal flora changes after the intraperitoneal injection of CCl4. We also offer novel insights into the mechanism by which probiotic C. butyricum pretreatment alleviates the CCl4-induced inflammation and oxidative stress of the liver via the modulation of NRF2, NF-κB p65, IL-10 and the intestinal microbiota in mice. | High | [
0.66824644549763,
35.25,
17.5
]
|
Harry Eckler Harry Eckler (15 October 1916 – 25 May 2011) was a former ball player. From the 1940s -1950s he was considered to be the finest hardball and fastpitch softball first baseman in Canada. He played first base on fastball teams that represented Canada in 4 world Tournaments. He was elected into the Canadian Baseball softball Hall of Fame in 1991. He was also the owner of the Mercury Night club with Joe Krol and Sam Luftspring the most popular night club of the 1950s. Harry and his wife Shirley won many Trophies in Latin American Dancing. References Category:1916 births Category:2011 deaths Category:Canadian softball players Category:Nightclub owners | High | [
0.685796269727403,
29.875,
13.6875
]
|
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