[Python 3] 5-line defaultdict, simple, no hardcoding
```\ndef maximumPopulation(self, logs: List[List[int]]) -> int:\n        d = collections.defaultdict(int)\n    \n        # Count the live population for each ye
```\ndef maximumPopulation(self, logs: List[List[int]]) -> int:\n        d = collections.defaultdict(int)\n    \n        # Count the live population for each year in the dict\n        for y_b, y_d in logs:\n            for y in range(y_b, y_d):\n                d[y] += 1\n                \n        # return the earliest maxinum population year\n        return max(d.items(), key=lambda x: (x[1], -x[0]))[0]
['Python', 'Python3']