PYTHON | VERY DETAILED UNION FIND
\nclass Solution:\n    def smallestEquivalentString(self, s1: str, s2: str, baseStr: str) -> str:\n        # Create a list of numbers from 0 to 25.\n        # T
```\nclass Solution:\n    def smallestEquivalentString(self, s1: str, s2: str, baseStr: str) -> str:\n        # Create a list of numbers from 0 to 25.\n        # This list will be used to keep track of the equivalence classes of the characters in s1 and s2.\n        # Each element i in ds represents the character \'a\' + i.\n        # For example, ds[0] represents the character \'a\', ds[1] represents the character \'b\', etc.\n        # Initially, each element in ds represents a single-element equivalence class containing the character it represents.\n        ds = list(range(26))\n\n        # Define a nested function that takes a character c as input and returns the root representative of the equivalence class containing c.\n        # The root representative is the smallest character in the equivalence class.\n        # For example, if ds[0] = 1 and ds[1] = 2, then the root representative of the equivalence class containing \'a\' is \'c\' (\'a\' + 2).\n        # The find() function uses recursion to traverse the elements in ds until it reaches the root representative.\n        # If the current element is the root representative, the function returns it.\n        # Otherwise, the function returns the result of calling itself on the next element in the chain.\n        def find(c):\n            return c if ds[c] == c else find(ds[c])\n\n        # Iterate over the characters in s1 and s2 using a for loop.\n        # For each pair of characters (s1[i], s2[i]), do the following:\n        for i in range(len(s1)):\n            # Convert each character to an integer between 0 and 25 by subtracting \'a\' from it.\n            # For example, \'a\' becomes 0, \'b\' becomes 1, etc.\n            # The ord function is used to convert the characters to their corresponding integer values.The integer values\n            # for the lowercase letters \'a\' through \'z\' are in the range from 97 to 122, so the ord(\'a\') expression evaluates\n            # to 97. By subtracting ord(\'a\') from the integer value of each character, we can map the characters to the integers\n            # in the range from 0 to 25. This allows us to use the integer values as indices in the ds list, which is used to keep\n            # track of the connected components.\n            c_1, c_2 = ord(s1[i]) - ord(\'a\'), ord(s2[i]) - ord(\'a\')\n\n            # Find the root representatives of the equivalence classes containing c_1 and c_2 using the find() function.\n            p_1, p_2 = find(c_1), find(c_2)\n\n            # If p_1 and p_2 are not in the same equivalence class, perform union merge on the two equivalence classes.\n            # To do this, set the element in ds corresponding to the larger of p_1 and p_2 to the smaller of p_1 and p_2.\n            # This will make the smaller character the root representative of both equivalence classes.\n            if p_1 != p_2:\n                ds[max(p_1, p_2)] = min(p_1, p_2)\n\n        # Initialize an empty string to store the answer.\n        answer = ""\n\n        # Iterate over the characters in baseStr.\n        # For each character c, append to answer the character \'a\' + find(c - \'a\'), which is the smallest character in s1 and s2 that is equivalent to c.\n        # Note that we subtract \'a\' from c to convert it to an integer between 0 and 25, and then add \'a\' to the result of find() to convert it back to its original integer representation before subtracting \'a\' to reduce the  range to (0,25) before.\n        for c in baseStr:\n            answer += chr(find(ord(c) - ord(\'a\')) + ord(\'a\'))\n\n        return answer\n```
['Union Find', 'Python']