#!/usr/bin/env python

# Author: <NAME> and <NAME>
# Models and Textures by: <NAME>, <NAME>, and <NAME>
# Last Updated: 2015-03-13
#
# This tutorial will cover exposing joints and manipulating them. Specifically,
# we will take control of the neck joint of a humanoid character and rotate that
# joint to always face the mouse cursor.  This will in turn make the head of the
# character "look" at the mouse cursor.  We will also expose the hand joint and
# use it as a point to "attach" objects that the character can hold.  By
# parenting an object to a hand joint, the object will stay in the character's
# hand even if the hand is moving through an animation.

from direct.showbase.ShowBase import ShowBase
from panda3d.core import AmbientLight, DirectionalLight
from panda3d.core import TextNode, NodePath, LightAttrib
from panda3d.core import LVector3
from direct.actor.Actor import Actor
from direct.task.Task import Task
from direct.gui.OnscreenText import OnscreenText
from direct.showbase.DirectObject import DirectObject
import sys

# A simple function to make sure a value is in a given range, -1 to 1 by
# default
def clamp(i, mn=-1, mx=1):
    return min(max(i, mn), mx)

# Macro-like function used to reduce the amount to code needed to create the
# on screen instructions
def genLabelText(text, i):
    return OnscreenText(text=text, parent=base.a2dTopLeft, scale=.06,
                        pos=(0.06, -.08 * i), fg=(1, 1, 1, 1),
                        shadow=(0, 0, 0, .5), align=TextNode.ALeft)


class LookingGrippingDemo(ShowBase):

    def __init__(self):
        # Initialize the ShowBase class from which we inherit, which will
        # create a window and set up everything we need for rendering into it.
        ShowBase.__init__(self)

        # This code puts the standard title and instruction text on screen
        self.title = OnscreenText(text="Panda3D: Tutorial - Joint Manipulation",
                                  fg=(1, 1, 1, 1), parent=base.a2dBottomRight,
                                  align=TextNode.ARight, pos=(-0.1, 0.1),
                                  shadow=(0, 0, 0, .5), scale=.08)

        self.onekeyText = genLabelText("ESC: Quit", 1)
        self.onekeyText = genLabelText("[1]: Teapot", 2)
        self.twokeyText = genLabelText("[2]: Candy cane", 3)
        self.threekeyText = genLabelText("[3]: Banana", 4)
        self.fourkeyText = genLabelText("[4]: Sword", 5)

        # Set up key input
        self.accept('escape', sys.exit)
        self.accept('1', self.switchObject, [0])
        self.accept('2', self.switchObject, [1])
        self.accept('3', self.switchObject, [2])
        self.accept('4', self.switchObject, [3])

        base.disableMouse()  # Disable mouse-based camera-control
        camera.setPos(0, -15, 2)  # Position the camera

        self.eve = Actor("models/eve",  # Load our animated charachter
                         {'walk': "models/eve_walk"})
        self.eve.reparentTo(render)  # Put it in the scene

        # Now we use controlJoint to get a NodePath that's in control of her neck
        # This must be done before any animations are played
        self.eveNeck = self.eve.controlJoint(None, 'modelRoot', 'Neck')

        # We now play an animation. An animation must be played, or at least posed
        # for the nodepath we just got from controlJoint to actually effect the
        # model
        self.eve.actorInterval("walk", playRate=2).loop()

        # Now we add a task that will take care of turning the head
        taskMgr.add(self.turnHead, "turnHead")

        # Now we will expose the joint the hand joint. ExposeJoint allows us to
        # get the position of a joint while it is animating. This is different than
        # controlJonit which stops that joint from animating but lets us move it.
        # This is particularly usefull for putting an object (like a weapon) in an
        # actor's hand
        self.rightHand = self.eve.exposeJoint(None, 'modelRoot', 'RightHand')

        # This is a table with models, positions, rotations, and scales of objects to
        # be attached to our exposed joint. These are stock models and so they needed
        # to be repositioned to look right.
        positions = [("teapot", (0, -.66, -.95), (90, 0, 90), .4),
                     ("models/candycane", (.15, -.99, -.22), (90, 0, 90), 1),
                     ("models/banana", (.08, -.1, .09), (0, -90, 0), 1.75),
                     ("models/sword", (.11, .19, .06), (0, 0, 90), 1)]

        self.models = []  # A list that will store our models objects
        for row in positions:
            np = loader.loadModel(row[0])  # Load the model
            np.setPos(row[1][0], row[1][1], row[1][2])  # Position it
            np.setHpr(row[2][0], row[2][1], row[2][2])  # Rotate it
            np.setScale(row[3])  # Scale it
            # Reparent the model to the exposed joint. That way when the joint moves,
            # the model we just loaded will move with it.
            np.reparentTo(self.rightHand)
            self.models.append(np)  # Add it to our models list

        self.switchObject(0)  # Make object 0 the first shown
        self.setupLights()  # Put in some default lighting

    # This is what we use to change which object it being held. It just hides all of
    # the objects and then unhides the one that was selected
    def switchObject(self, i):
        for np in self.models:
            np.hide()
        self.models[i].show()

    # This task gets the position of mouse each frame, and rotates the neck based
    # on it.
    def turnHead(self, task):
        # Check to make sure the mouse is readable
        if base.mouseWatcherNode.hasMouse():
            # get the mouse position as a LVector2. The values for each axis are from -1 to
            # 1. The top-left is (-1,-1), the bottom right is (1,1)
            mpos = base.mouseWatcherNode.getMouse()
            # Here we multiply the values to get the amount of degrees to turn
            # Restrain is used to make sure the values returned by getMouse are in the
            # valid range. If this particular model were to turn more than this,
            # significant tearing would be visable
            self.eveNeck.setP(clamp(mpos.getX()) * 50)
            self.eveNeck.setH(clamp(mpos.getY()) * 20)

        return Task.cont  # Task continues infinitely

    def setupLights(self):  # Sets up some default lighting
        ambientLight = AmbientLight("ambientLight")
        ambientLight.setColor((.4, .4, .35, 1))
        directionalLight = DirectionalLight("directionalLight")
        directionalLight.setDirection(LVector3(0, 8, -2.5))
        directionalLight.setColor((0.9, 0.8, 0.9, 1))
        render.setLight(render.attachNewNode(directionalLight))
        render.setLight(render.attachNewNode(ambientLight))

demo = LookingGrippingDemo()  # Create an instance of our class
demo.run()  # Run the simulation
