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Kuzmenko () is a Ukrainian-language patronymic surname derived from the given name Kuzma. Its Belarusian equivalent is Kuzmienka ().
The surname may refer to:
Andrei Kuzmenko (born 1996), Russian ice hockey player
Andriy Kuzmenko (1968–2015), Ukrainian singer and poet
Anna Kuzmenko (born 2004), French figure skater
Halyna Kuzmenko (1896–1978), Ukrainian anarchist
Igor Kuzmenko (born 1970), Russian footballer
Ivan Kuzmenko (born 1995), Russian swimmer
Larysa Kuzmenko (born 1956), Canadian composer
Lizaveta Kuzmenka (born 1987), Belarusian alpine skier
Serhiy Kuzmenko (born 1975), Ukrainian politician
Valeria Kuzmenko Titova (1934–2010), Soviet-Ukrainian tennis player
See also
Ukrainian-language surnames
Surnames of Ukrainian origin
Patronymic surnames |
Basil Ringrose (about 1653–1683) was an English buccaneer, navigator, geographer and author.
Early life
Ringrose was christened at St. Martin in the Field in 1653.
Career
First voyage
Ringrose crossed the Isthmus of Darien in 1680 with a group of pirates. On this trip he created extensive charts of the islands, soundings, exhaustive nautical instruction and symbols to mark rocks and shallow water. Fluent in Latin and French, he quickly learned Spanish to act as an interpreter.
Captain Bartholomew Sharp, Lionel Wafer, John Coxon, Edmund Cooke, William Dick and William Dampier were also crew members. Dampier refers to Ringrose as an apprentice to a planter in Jamaica. At the end of the voyage, Ringrose and several crewmates took the maps and charts to Dartmouth to sell.
Second voyage
In October 1683, Ringrose sailed on the Cygnet with Captain Swan, as the Supercargo. Damper writes "He had no mind for this voyage, but was necessitated to engage in it or starve." On the Mexican coast in Santa Pecaque, the crew looted the village. Capt. Swan sent 54 men with laden horses back to the anchorage, Ringrose among them. They were set upon by Spanish soldiers and massacred.
Ringrose's journal gives an account of the early part of this trip. It is now in the National Maritime Museum in Greenwich in England. His maps and charts have become "A Buccaneer’s Atlas" by William Hach, a noted cartographer in London of the time.
References
1683 deaths
Year of birth uncertain
17th-century pirates |
Summer Rains may refer to:
Summer Rains (album), a 2008 album by the Ditty Bops
Operation Summer Rains, a 2006 Israeli military operation
See also
Summer Rain (disambiguation) |
Simoca Department is a department in Tucumán Province, Argentina. It has a population of 29,932 (2001) and an area of 1,261 km2. The seat of the department is in Simoca.
Municipalities and communes
Atahona
Buena Vista
Ciudacita
Manuela Pedraza
Monteagudo
Pampa Mayo
Río Chico y Nueva Trinidad
San Pedro y San Antonio
Santa Cruz y La Tuna
Simoca
Villa Chigligasta
Yerba Buena
Notes
This article includes content from the Spanish Wikipedia article Departamento Simoca.
Departments of Tucumán Province |
Opportunity Knocks is a 1990 American comedy film starring Dana Carvey. It was directed by Donald Petrie.
Synopsis
Con men Eddie Farrell and Lou Pesquino need cash fast and pretend to be repair men sent to fix a gas leak. The con fails, but they escape.
Eddie and Lou find an empty house that they decide to burglarize. When they learn from a message on the answering machine that the owner is out of the country and the man who was going to house-sit can't make it, they spend the night.
The next day, Eddie and Lou are on the run from thugs sent by local gangster Sal Nichols, to whom they owe money. After they find themselves separated, Eddie takes refuge in the empty house.
In the morning, Eddie walks out of the shower and meets Mona Malkin, whose son owns the house. She assumes Eddie is her son's friend Jonathan Albertson, the one supposed to house-sit. Eddie plays along, meeting Mona's businessman husband Milt, who offers him a job.
Eddie decides to run a "love con" on Milt's daughter Annie in order to gain access to Milt's money. However, Lou is captured by Nichols.
Eddie and his aunt Connie and uncle Max conspire to get Nichols off their backs for good. Along the way, Eddie falls in love with Annie.
Cast
Dana Carvey as Eddie Farrell
Robert Loggia as Milt Malkin
Todd Graff as Lou Pesquino
Julia Campbell as Dr. Annie Malkin
Milo O'Shea as Max
James Tolkan as Sal Nichols
Doris Belack as Mona Malkin
Sally Gracie as Connie
Mike Bacarella as Pinkie
John M. Watson, Sr. as Harold Monroe
Beatrice Fredman as Bubbie
Thomas McElroy as Men's Room Attendant
Gene Honda as Japanese Businessman
Del Close as Williamson
Michelle Johnston as Club Singer
Lorna Raver as Eddie's Secretary
Judith Scott as Milt's Secretary
Reception
Box office
The film was not a success and earned $11 million against a production budget of $13 million. The film's original teaser trailer involved Carvey's Saturday Night Live character The Church Lady, though she does not appear in the film.
Critical response
On Rotten Tomatoes the film has a score of 11% based on reviews from 9 critics.
Soundtrack
The song "Cruel, Crazy, Beautiful World" by Johnny Clegg is featured over the end credits.
References
External links
1990 films
1990 comedy films
American comedy films
Films set in Chicago
1990s English-language films
Universal Pictures films
Imagine Entertainment films
Films directed by Donald Petrie
Films scored by Miles Goodman
Films produced by Chris Meledandri
Films about con artists
1990s American films
Films produced by Mark Gordon (producer) |
Upstate Shredding - Weitsman Recycling is an American scrap processing and recycling company headquartered in Owego, New York.
History
Adam Weitsman, who founded Upstate Shredding in Owego, worked at the Manhattan Art Gallery. Later he set up his own American Folk Art Gallery in Greenwich village in 1991. Weitsman returned to his hometown after he lost his sister to cancer and joined his father in the family scrap metal business. He developed an interest in the processing side of scrap metal recycling.
In 1997, Weitsman opened Upstate Shredding on a 17-acre site at the Tioga County Industrial Park in Owego.
In 2005, Upstate Shredding purchased its sister company, Ben Weitsman & Son, Inc., after his father announced his retirement in 2005 and acquired a scrapyard in Solvay, NY in 2009.
In 2014, the company acquired Murtagh Scrap Handling, a scrap recycler based in Rome, New York.
After receiving $1 million from the state of New York’s Empire State Development (ESD) fund, the company announced to open a media plant in Owego.
In 2015, Upstate Shredding bought a 5.6 million stake in Metalico Inc.a Cranford, New Jersey-based scrap metal processing company.
Various other acquisitions were held between the periods of 2012 - 2016, including acquisition of a scrap yard in New Castle, PA, a port facility in Albany, and Empire Recycling in Watertown which was later closed. By the end of 2016, they were collectively known as Upstate Shredding - Weitsman Recycling.
The company has two facilities in Owego and Ithaca and operates in 17 locations across New York and Pennsylvania.
In 2019, the company made a donation to the American Cancer Society as part of its corporate social responsibility initiatives.
Controversy
In May 2021, Sierra Club, an environmental organization based in Oakland, California, filed a suit against Weitsman alleging that the scrap recycler did not take adequate steps to protect against stormwater discharge from its facility in Albany, New York.
Awards
2012: Ranked as the 18th largest scrap metal processor in North America
2015-16: Scrap Company of the Year from American Metal Market
2016: Top scrap recycling firm in the world by Platts in London
References
Metal companies of the United States
American companies established in 1997
Waste management companies of the United States |
Mona Elizabeth Blades was an 18-year-old New Zealand woman who disappeared in 1975 while hitchhiking. Her body and belongings have never been found and no one has been charged in connection with her disappearance and presumed murder.
Disappearance
Blades was hitchhiking from Hamilton to Hastings on Saturday 31 May 1975, the first day of the Queen's Birthday long weekend, and was allegedly last seen on the Napier–Taupo Road in an orange Datsun 120Y station wagon. A truck driver saw Blades getting into the Datsun and witnesses reported seeing a matching vehicle veering off the highway and stopping on rural Matea Road.
Investigation
There have been about five suspects in the case. Auckland police investigated John Freeman who had rented an orange Datsun the weekend that Blades disappeared. On the day two weeks later that police announced they were searching for an orange Datsun, Freeman shot and wounded a student at St Cuthbert's College in Auckland before killing himself.
An elderly New Zealand man and Charlie Hughes, a Hamilton man now living in Australia, have remained "persons of interest" for police. Hughes has gone public in newspapers and on television about his frustrations at being on the suspects list and has denied he had anything to do with the alleged murder.
In 2003, police investigated a report that Blades' name had been found etched on a garage floor in a Huntly house, which the house's occupants feared might be a makeshift grave. It was discovered that the name had been inscribed on concrete as a joke six years earlier, and the former owner of the property apologised to her family.
In 2005, Blades' brother, Tony Blades, told the Daily Post his family had not talked to the media during the previous 30 years about their feelings because it was too hard on them, especially their mother, who was then in her 80s, and her father had died not knowing his daughter's whereabouts.
In January 2012 police dug up the concrete laundry floor of a house in Kawerau looking for her body, but found nothing of interest.
Aftermath
The Mona Blades case featured on TVNZ's Cold Case programme in July 2018. The programme revisited the case with expert detectives and re-examined the original files hoping to find new leads. The experts concluded that the original investigation focused too heavily on the hunt for the orange Datsun and may have misled potential witnesses by using photographs which did not resemble Blades' hairstyle at the time of her disappearance. A detective said that gang members or their associates may have been involved in the disappearance. Blades had gang affiliations, and gang members may have been travelling on the road to a gathering in Wellington that weekend.
See also
List of people who disappeared
References
External links
New Zealand Police page on the case
1970s missing person cases
1975 murders in New Zealand
Hitchhiking
Missing person cases in New Zealand
New Zealand murder victims |
Dead Gentlemen Productions is an independent film company based in Seattle, Washington.
They have released a number of films, including the award-winning cult classic The Gamers, The Gamers: Dorkness Rising and The Gamers: Hands of Fate.
All of the films have featured "The Purple Ninja", a ninja wearing purple garbs who is mostly brutally killed during a fight scene. The character is credited as playing himself. While the website implies that The Purple Ninja is a real person of superhuman qualities, the special features for Gamers: Dorkness Rising reveal The Purple Ninja to be Nathan Rice.
Filmography
Demon Hunters (1999)
Demon Hunters: Dead Camper Lake (2000)
The Gamers (2002)
The Gamers: Dorkness Rising (2008)
JourneyQuest: Season 1 (2010)
S.J. Tucker “Playing D&D” Music Video (2011)
JourneyQuest: Season 2: City of the Dead (2012)
The Gamers: Hands of Fate (2013)
The Gamers: Natural One (2013)
The Gamers: Households & Humans (2013)
JourneyQuest: Season 3: The Pale Lady (2016)
The Gamers: The Series (2016)
The Gamers: The Shadow Menace (2017)
JourneyQuest Season 3.5 (2018)
External links
Official Site
podcast/interview w/ matt vancil
Film production companies of the United States |
Mireille Jean (born July 16, 1960) is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the National Assembly of Quebec in a by-election on April 11, 2016. She represented the electoral district of Chicoutimi as a member of the Parti Québécois caucus until her defeat in the 2018 election.
References
1960 births
Living people
French Quebecers
Parti Québécois MNAs
Women MNAs in Quebec
Saguenay, Quebec city councillors
21st-century Canadian politicians
21st-century Canadian women politicians
Université Laval alumni |
"Episode 1.8" is the series 1 finale of the British television show Secret Diary of a Call Girl.
Plot
The episode begins with Hannah Baxter, working under the name "Belle", staying at the London apartment of a wealthy American businessman named Mitchell Rothman. Whilst talking Mitchell suggests that Hannah should become a courtesan, and he offers her for nomination at Diamond International Courtesans.
Della, Fiona and Anna of Diamond International Courtesans agree an interview with Hannah, discussing the prerequisites needed to be a courtesan. "Up-market quality", various languages and impeccable etiquette are all required for Hannah to be accepted into the "sisterhood" of courtesans. Despite the interview going poorly, Hannah convinces her interviewers to accept her into Diamond International Courtesans. After being accepted into the sisterhood she meets Stephanie, her agent, and quits her job as a call girl. Mitchell, a jet setter who rarely stays in London, offers Hannah his penthouse situated on the south bank the River Thames, opposite the Palace of Westminster.
Ben meets up with Hannah and photographs her for Diamond International Courtesans profile. Hannah then sifts through her applicants and arranges interviews with a select few number of men; Hannah settles with four clients, including Mitchell, as the more clients a courtesan has, the less prestigious she becomes.
Mitchell then takes Hannah to a stately home in Scotland with him; however he becomes frustrated with her for being too "demanding". Hannah returns to London after the disastrous trip to Scotland and telephones Della. They discuss Mitchell, who is described by Della as a "collector", meaning he has various courtesans and prostitutes scattered around the world. Hannah then invites Ben round to the apartment and the two begin to feud, as Ben's fiancée Vanessa is irritated with Ben due to him staying at Hannah's at midnight.
Hannah, frustrated with her job, decides escorting is her vocation and moves back to her old flat, leaving Mitchell a note saying, "I'm sorry Mitch - it's not for me". Hannah then becomes an independent escort, without the help of an agency.
Broadcast and reception
Broadcast ratings
The episode, the Series 1 finale, became the first episode of Secret Diary of a Call Girl that failed to grasp over 1 million viewers according to Broadcasters' Audience Research Board ratings. The episode's viewers were 985,000, however this number, although the lowest of Series 1, still beats every episode figure of Series 2, which managed to hold on to much fewer audiences. Additionally, although a series low for viewing figures, it was still the highest rated programme in terms of viewing figures that week for ITV2.
Reception
Entertainment Weekly praised the episode, calling it a "great season finale" however it noted a resemblance to an earlier plot storyline in Episode 5, saying "[Hannah] found out that [Mitchell] had a whore in every city, and she quit Diamond International. Hannah couldn't take not being number one or the only one. (Hmmm...sound like what happened with Ash and Naomi?)". The quote referenced her oldest client Ashok switching call girls to Naomi, as a result, Hannah severed her ties with Naomi.
Television blogs such as TV Squad also praised the episode, noting that the "courtesan storyline worked rather brilliantly this episode". However it criticised the series as a whole in some areas, such as the lack of character development for Hannah's clients, stating "when we only see [the clients] for a few scenes in a single episode, they come off as one-dimensional. For example, who is this Mitchell person? Belle seems to have such a chummy relationship with him, yet the only person she ever mentioned in any affectionate way was Ashok."
References
External links
– UK Official Website on Itv.com
Secret Diary of a Call Girl – Official Website on Showtime
2007 British television episodes |
Meet Mr McNutley is a TV series starring Ray Milland that ran from 1953 to 1955 on CBS.
It was also known as The Ray Milland Show.
Premise
A professor works at a college.
Cast
Ray Milland
Gordon Jones
Phyllis Avery
References
External links
Meet Mr McNultey at IMDb
1953 American television series debuts
1955 American television series endings
CBS original programming |
The canton of Château-Gontier-sur-Mayenne-2 (before March 2020: canton of Château-Gontier) is an administrative division of the Mayenne department, northwestern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Château-Gontier-sur-Mayenne.
It consists of the following communes:
Bouchamps-lès-Craon
Château-Gontier-sur-Mayenne (partly)
Chérancé
Craon
Denazé
Marigné-Peuton
Mée
Niafles
Peuton
Pommerieux
Prée-d'Anjou
Saint-Quentin-les-Anges
References
Cantons of Mayenne |
The 2015–16 Hofstra Pride women's basketball team represents Hofstra University during the 2015–16 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Pride, led by tenth year head coach Krista Kilburn-Steveskey, play their home games at Hofstra Arena and were members of the Colonial Athletic Association. They finished the season 25–9, 13–5 in CAA play to finish in a tie for second place. They lost in the quarterfinals of the CAA women's tournament to Northeastern. They were invited to the Women's National Invitation Tournament they defeated Harvard, Villanova and Virginia in the first, second and third rounds before losing to Florida Gulf Coast in the quarterfinals.
Previous season
They finished last season 20–13, 11–7 in CAA play to finish in a tie for third place. They advanced to the championship game of the 2015 CAA women's basketball tournament where they lost to James Madison. They were invited to the Women's National Invitation Tournament where they lost in the first round to Penn.
Roster
Schedule
|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#16007C; color:#FFAD00;"| Non-conference regular season
|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#16007C; color:#FFAD00;"| CAA regular season
|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#16007C; color:#FFAD00;"| CAA Women's Tournament
|-
!colspan=9 style="background:#16007C; color:#FFAD00;"| WNIT
See also
2015–16 Hofstra Pride men's basketball team
References
Hofstra Pride women's basketball seasons
Hofstra
2016 Women's National Invitation Tournament participants
Hofstra Pride women's basketball
Hofstra Pride women's basketball |
Vemb is a little town in west Jutland, Denmark wtith a population of 1,256 (1 January 2023). The town is close to Nissum Fjord and Storå. Vemb also has a railway station on the railway line between Ringkøbing and Holstebro. Nørre Vosborg, a manor house surrounded by ramparts, is located 2 kilometers south of the town. It is one of Denmark's oldest manor houses and was mentioned as early as 1299. Vemb lies in Vemb Parish, which belongs to Holstebro Municipality in Region Midtjylland.
History
The town's name has been known from 1325 and throughout the years up until 1844 has been spelled in 8–9 different ways:
1325 Weæm
1347 Weom
1350 Wæm
1360 Wææm
1500 Wern
1553 Weem
1561 Vem
1599 Wimb
1612 Vem Kirke > Vemb Kirke
1844 Vemb
The first time the town was named, it was called Weæm. The ending letter b emerged around the year 1600, disappeared, then finally appeared again in 1844 in the present spelling form Vemb. The meaning of Vemb is not known, but could possibly mean "vi" (Danish for "we").
The oldest building in the current city boundary is Vemb kirke (Vemb church), which has undergone few changes since it was built around 1200.
Just east of the church lies Den Gamle Skole ("The Old School"), now privately owned, that was the town and area's first school. It is said that in the late 1800s three women met on 1 April in the little school with one classroom. These three women would all reach the age of 100.
In 1908 the current school was inaugurated near Burvej, called Vemb Skole (Vemb School): an entirely different school with central heating, a gymnasium (which later became a library) and a workshop. Vemb School has just had its 100-year anniversary jubilee, with 1000 former students in attendance.
Only when DSB opened the railway line from Holstebro to Ringkjøbing in 1875, was there passage through Vemb as a town, and when the Vemb-Lemvig railway line (VLTJ) arrived in 1879, Vemb suddenly became a railway hub. This provided the basis so that Gæstgivergaarden (travellers' inn) could be built, after which the town grew fairly quickly into a typical railway town.
References
External links
Ulfborg-Vemb Tourist Bureau (Danish)
Cities and towns in the Central Denmark Region |
PBN may refer to:
PBN (producer), aka Panjabi By Nature, UK-based South Asian music producer
PBN Broadcasting Network, a media network in Bicol Region, Philippines
Providence Business News, a weekly business journal in Rhode Island
Pegboard Nerds, an electronic music group
Abbreviations
Paris by Night, a Vietnamese music variety show
Parabrachial nuclei
PBN file extension – "portable bridge notation" (".pbn") files that are interchangeable with other applications.
Consolidated PBY Catalina, an aircraft
PbNation, an internet forum
Paint by numbers, a common name for nonogram puzzles
Performance-based navigation
Private blog network, an SEO technique
Product batch number
Pyrolytic boron nitride
N-tert-butyl-α-phenylnitrone [3376-24-7], a Spin trap compound |
Ch'alla Willk'i (Aymara ch'alla sand, willk'i gap, "sand gap", also spelled Challa Willkhi) is a mountain in the Andes of Bolivia. It is located in the Oruro Department, San Pedro de Totora Province. The Luk'i Jawira (Lokhe Jahuira) originates north of Ch'alla Willk'i. It flows to the northwest.
References
Mountains of Oruro Department |
The Housing Code of Russia is the prime source of Law of the Russian Federation concerning Housing matters. The previous Housing code of the Russian Federation was signed into law on 29 December 2004. It was subsequently amended on 22 December 2020.
Structure
The Code consists of 10 sections, 19 chapters and 202 articles in its amended version.
Section I. General Provisions
Chapter 1: Basic provisions. Housing legislation Chapter 2: Objects of housing laws. Housing stockChapter 3 Transfer of premises to non-residential premises and the non-residential premises to premises
Chapter 4: Conversion of and alterations to dwelling
Section II. Property Right and Other Corporeal Rights to Premises.
Chapter 5: The rights and obligations of the owner of housing and other living room in its own citizens Chapter 6: Common property owners in an apartment house. General meeting of owners
Section III. Accommodations provided under contracts of social hiring
Chapter 7: Reasons and procedure of the premises under the social contract of employment
Chapter 8: Social rent premises
Section IV. Specialized housing
Chapter 9 Dwellings specialized housing
Chapter 10: Provision of specialized premises and their use
Section V. Housing and housing co-operatives
Chapter 11: Organization and operation of housing and housing co-operatives Chapter 12: The legal status of members of housing cooperatives
Section VI. Homeowners
Chapter 13: Establishment and operation of homeowners Chapter 14: The legal status of members of the homeowners association
Section VII. Fee for housing and utilities
Section VIII. Management of apartment buildings
The choice of a method for controlling a block of flats. General requirements for the management activities of an apartment house. Council block of flats. Contract management of the apartment house management of an apartment house, located in the state or municipal property Direct management of an apartment house owners of the premises in such a house Creating local government conditions for the management of apartment buildings
Section IX. Organization of a major overhaul of the common property in apartment buildings
See also
Code for Sustainable Homes
References
Law of Russia |
Walt Whitman Middle School may refer to:
Walt Whitman Middle School of Fairfax County Public Schools
Whitman Middle School of Seattle Public Schools
M.S. 246 Walt Whitman of New York City Public Schools |
Anthony Perkins (1932–1992) was an American actor.
Anthony Perkins or Tony Perkins may also refer to:
Tony Perkins (politician) (born 1963), American politician and president of the evangelical Family Research Council
Tony Perkins (news anchor) (born 1959), American television news anchor
See also
Antonio Perkins (born 1981), former American football player |
Poul Mortensen (born 19 August 1937) is a Danish rower. He competed in the men's double sculls event at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
References
External links
1937 births
Living people
Danish male rowers
Olympic rowers for Denmark
Rowers at the 1960 Summer Olympics
People from Svendborg
Sportspeople from the Region of Southern Denmark |
Mary Alice Demler (born July 8, 1964), is Miss New York 1990, a television journalist and news anchor for WGRZ in Buffalo, New York.
Biography
Maryalice Demler anchors Channel 2 News at 5:30, 6:00, 10:00, and 11:00. She joined Channel 2 in September 1993. She attended Niagara University, graduating in 1986 with a B. A. in Political Science, and a B. A. in French. She won the title of Miss New York in 1990 and participated in Miss America 1991 on September 7, 1990. On April 18, 2010, The New York Chapter of the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences honored Demler with the New York Emmy Award for the Best News Anchor - On Camera Talent category. She is the first Buffalo-area news Anchor to receive the Best News Anchor award.
She has been the executive director of the Miss Buffalo Pageant for several years (Miss America Preliminary) and has taken her titleholders to Miss New York. She runs the Canal Fest Pageant of the Tonawandas and she ran the Miss Erie County Fair Pageant for several years. She is very involved in community service and is a journalist. She has been voted Western New York's favorite news anchor many times. She does her hair and makeup herself before coming on air.
Demler was married to Nathan Marton from 1996 to 2013. She dated Joseph Murphy from 2018 until Murphy's unexpected death in February 2019.
References
External links
WGRZ's Maryalice Demler
1964 births
Living people
American television news anchors
Journalists from New York (state)
Miss New York winners
Miss America 1991 delegates
New York (state) Republicans
Niagara University alumni
Television personalities from Buffalo, New York
People from North Tonawanda, New York
American women television journalists |
The Ruisui Tropic of Cancer Marker () is a monument marking the Tropic of Cancer in Ruisui Township, Hualien County, Taiwan.
History
The monument was originally constructed in 1933 west of Ruisui Railway Station. Due to the Hualien–Taitung line tracks replacement work carried out in 1981, the monument had to be relocated to Wuhe Terrace and placed along the Provincial Highway 9.
Geology
At noon on 22 June every year, the monument shows no shadow due to the position of the sun exactly above it.
Transportation
The monument is accessible within walking distance south of Ruisui Station of Taiwan Railways.
See also
Geography of Taiwan
References
1933 establishments in Taiwan
Buildings and structures in Hualien County
Monuments and memorials in Taiwan
Tourist attractions in Hualien County |
Francisco Cáffaro (born 19 May 2000) is an Argentine college basketball player for the Santa Clara Broncos of the West Coast Conference (WCC). He previously played for the Virginia Cavaliers.
Cáffaro represented the senior Argentina men's national basketball team at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
Early life
Cáffaro was born in San Jorge, Argentina, and grew up in Santa Fe, Argentina. From 2016–18, he attended the NBA Global Academy in Canberra, Australia and was one of the first graduates of the school to sign with an NCAA university.
Recruiting
College career
As a redshirt freshman, Cáffaro saw action in 20 games, averaging 1.4 points and 1.2 rebounds. He posted a career-high, 10 points and seven rebounds against UNC. As a redshirt sophomore, Cáffaro saw limited action in only 17 games, and posted collegiate career lows in games, minutes, and points due to the deep depth of the team.
International career
Cáffaro won the bronze medal at the 2018 FIBA Under-18 Americas Championship when he was named to the all-tournament team. He represented the senior Argentina national basketball team at the 2020 Summer Olympics men's tournament.
Career statistics
College
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2018–19
| style="text-align:left;"| Virginia
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="11"| Redshirt
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2019–20
| style="text-align:left;"| Virginia
| 20 || 2 || 7.5 || .529 || – || .667 || 1.2 || .0 || .1 || .3 || 1.4
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2020–21
| style="text-align:left;"| Virginia
| 17 || 0 || 6.9 || .500 || – || .800 || 1.2 || .1 || .0 || .1 || 1.2
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
| 37 || 2 || 7.2 || .517 || – || .720 || 1.2 || .1 || .1 || .2 || 1.3
References
External links
Virginia Cavaliers bio
2000 births
Living people
Argentine expatriate basketball people in the United States
Argentine men's basketball players
Basketball players at the 2020 Summer Olympics
Centers (basketball)
Olympic basketball players for Argentina
Santa Clara Broncos men's basketball players
Sportspeople from Santa Fe, Argentina
Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball players |
Joseph M. Bryan Boulevard (often signed as just Bryan Blvd) is a controlled-access corridor connecting Interstate 73 and Interstate 840 with Benjamin Parkway in Greensboro, North Carolina. The road formerly extended westward along Interstate 73 and Cornerstone Drive to connect with North Carolina Highway 68. It also used to serve as the main entrance for Piedmont Triad International Airport until I-73 was designated, and was once named "Airport Parkway". A construction project in 2006 relocated a segment of Bryan Boulevard to make room for the airport's new FedEx hub and third runway.
In May 2017, Bryan Boulevard was closed west of I-840 for construction of the Future I-73 Corridor. Bryan Blvd southwest of I-73 was re-signed as "Cornerstone Drive" and terminates at Regional Road. A portion of the road was also removed.
Bryan Boulevard is designated Secondary Road 2085.
Bryan Boulevard was named after Greensboro resident Joseph McKinley Bryan, an insurance executive and broadcasting pioneer. Bryan sat on executive boards of many different insurance companies like the Greensboro-based Jefferson-Pilot Corporation (now Lincoln National Corporation). In 1934, he became president of WBIG, which was Greensboro's only radio station at the time. Later on, Bryan's company founded WBTV, the first television station in the Carolinas.
This is one of five freeways/expressways in Greensboro to use the "Boulevard" designation; the Greensboro Urban Loop is sometimes known as Painter Boulevard, O'Henry Boulevard carries a stretch of US 29 east of downtown, I-40 (formerly Business I-40) is routed along Fordham Boulevard, Business I-85 is also signed as Preddy Boulevard, and one section of West Gate City Boulevard has an expressway grade. Bryan Boulevard is the only one to be called by name rather than by number by locals.
Exit list
The entire road is in Guilford County. No mile makers are posted and all exits are unnumbered.
See also
Greensboro Urban Loop
Interstate 73
North Carolina Highway System
References
Freeways in North Carolina
Transportation in Greensboro, North Carolina
Interstate 73
Transportation in Guilford County, North Carolina |
Artificial Intelligent Football GGO (), also known as GGO Football, is a Chinese animation television series produced by Puzzle Animation Studio Ltd. The story centers on high schooler Isaac and his friends as they compete in advanced robotic football tournament.
It aired on CCTV, China, in July 2010 during World Cup, before then got distributed by Asia Animation Ltd. to Asia, Europe, Australia, and America. Before the 2010 World Cup started, however, the English dub for AI Football GGO first aired on E.tv, South Africa, between June 2, 2010, to June 2011.
In 2018, the second season of AI Football GGO, officially called GGO Football 2: World Tournament (), began airing in China.
Plot
In the 21st century, the relationship between sports and technology is getting closer to the point where human testing alone couldn't catch up with the greatly fluctuating standards. As more human footballers retire due to irrecoverable injuries, people start finding a way so everyone can still enjoy football games. Among them, a research consultant only known as Professor GGO proposes an idea: a palm sized football robot with artificial intelligence. People are amused by the brilliant idea, and soon after, the development of the robots becomes the world's newest sensation.
Two years prior of the beginning of the series, Dr. Coleman, a technical consultant of GGO Football Association, set a counter strategy to stop his fellow biologist, Dr. Stan, from doing inhumane experiments for his own domination. However, while developing a new generation footballer programmed to cease Stan's plan, Professor GGO disappeared. Discovering this, Coleman split his research data and stored a half into the footballer, whose then he sent to Shanghai. He hoped that his good friend, Ball, could find a perfect person to "manage" the footballer and reach the World Tournament.
One day in Shanghai, Isaac accidentally found a footballer named Myth at Ball's seafood stall. He later discovered that Myth had a hard mission to carry. He was frustrated that his father didn't trust him and decided to prove himself by his skill. He decided to form a team with his classmates and start their pursuit into the tournament.
Characters
Barefoot
A competing team representing China in GGO National Tournament. They are the champion of GGO National Tournament this year. They also won the GGO Continental Tournament and obtain the qualification to participate in the GGO World Tournament. Team Captains are Isaac, Shawn, Karl, Timmy, Cat and later Oscar. Their football skills are varied, always keeping a balance between offense and defense. With great teamwork, they can always keep fighting until the end. They keep growing as one of the best teams in GGO Football. They don't have a special formation that they only use, but often vary depending on their opponent, and are both very flexible and creative in their tactics.
Controllers
Isaac (): 13 years old, Shanghainese, in his first year of secondary school. He is the Overall Captain of team Barefoot and also the only child of Dr. Coleman, one of the three GGO Chief Designers. He lost his mother when he was very young, and grew up with his father and aunt. He inherited a love and talent for engineering and physics from his father, and he is a superb GGO controller. Like his dad, he likes wearing slippers. In GGO matches, he prefers playing offensively. He is a bit arrogant, often underestimates his rivals, but very determined to win. When his team are losing or being challenged hard, it is easy to see that he is quite anxious as he twirls a pen incessantly. When he comes across very strong opponents, he will often use strange and very creative ways to overcome the odds. Isaac is able to emerge victoriously. Controller of Team Barefoot's striker Myth.
Shawn (): 14 years old, half Italian half German, in 8th grade at an international school in Shanghai. He is a good-looking boy, comes from a family steeped in the arts. His father is a literary giant and his mother is a maestro conductor. Influenced by his parents, he has high expectations of his lifestyle. He is calm, does not often express what he really feels, and sometimes comes across wrongly as a proud, arrogant person. After meeting Barefoot's teammate, he is opened up a little bit. In GGO matches, he is a strong, steady defender. At every match, he always has a bottle of iced water nearby to help him think calmly – how much iced water depends on how good he thinks his opponents are. He is trying to know more about GGO Football and his parents preferred him to become a musician but when he saw Barefoot he preferred to play GGO Football. Controller of Team Barefoot's captain Nucleus and goalkeeper Shadow.
Karl (): 13 years old, Shanghainese, in first year at secondary school, he is also one of Isaac's childhood friends.as he's more closer to Timmy . He loves to take risks, has a gambler's personality, but never gambles money, only his fate. He always has a lucky coin with him – when he cannot decide on something, he will take out the coin and the issue will be settled by heads or tails. Karl is a bit short, in order to make himself stand out, his hairstyle and clothes are always quite loud. He is very quick-minded, open to change for working out new strategies. He is a loyal friend and always keeps his word. In GGO matches, Karl controls Satellite, Team Barefoot's winger – the perfect position for an opportunist.
Timmy (): 13 years old, Shanghainese, in first year at secondary school. He is a childhood friend of Isaac's and is a chubby little boy who is honest, responsible, and easily content. He eats a lot of hot dogs but Karl scolds him but he loves to eat more. He has his principles, works methodically, and does not like people who try to walk before they learn to crawl. Timmy loves hotdogs, and always carries ketchup, mustard and relish with him. He does not have much ambition and he just wants to go to university, but after entering the GGO competition and with Isaac's influence, he is beginning to think about what his life goals are. In GGO matches, he is a responsible and hardworking defender. He is not particularly talented and is a little insecure, but his hard work makes up for it. Because he is used to failure, he does not let it depress him, and in fact, he is always looking for lessons to be learnt in everything. Controller of Team Barefoot's defender Titan.
Cat (): 14 years old, Shanghainese, in first year at secondary school – she is a classmate of Isaac and his friends. She is a typical girl who likes to dress up and look pretty. She takes baking classes from Aunt Betty, Isaac's aunt, and at the same time she also absorbs Betty's quick-temper. She did not have much interest in GGO at first, proclaiming herself the manager of their GGO team and even buys a brand new GGO footballer. She works hard to learn more about GGO football as she has a crush in Shawn too. Controller of Team Barefoot's Sweeper Swift.
Oscar (): 13 years old, Shanghainese, in first year of secondary school. Was originally part of Team Protector, but when Shawn went back to Vienna at the end of the 4 Nations Charity Tournament he joined Team Barefoot to compete with them in the GGO World Cup Qualifying to play against teams of Asia, in Shawn's place. He lacked confidence and always worries to drag his brothers down when he was with Team Protector but has since turned to be a calm and defensive controller. Controller of Team Barefoot's Goalkeeper Shield.
Footballers
Myth (): Striker of Team Barefoot, number 11. Extremely skillful at threading the ball, he is very adept at faking moves to get past his opponents, his scoring angles are extremely precise. Because he is the latest version of GGO Footballer, there are times when his AI system does not function properly. The groundbreaking element is that he has his own emotions, but in times of crisis, Myth is able to step up and play at a higher level than the rest. This is something that resembles Isaac very much. Special skills are the Accelerate Dribble, Subsonic Dribble, Roaring Flame Strike, Radiant Roaring Flame Strike,Vacuum Zero Strike, Revival Block and Maximum Zero Strike (note: these moves were never seen until they played against Team Bio).
Satellite (): Winger of Team Barefoot, number 7. Super fast, remarkably accurate passing, loves to use complicated footwork that throws off his opponents. With so much understanding between himself and his teammates, he is often able to fool the opponents. Special skills are the Magnetic Dribble, Gravity Dribble, Satellite Orbit Dribble, and the Gravity Bulldozer Tackle, a skill he uses with Titan.He is taller than Swift,Myth and Nucleus
Swift (): Sweeper of Team Barefoot, number 18. He is not very strong in terms of fitness, but very quick in acceleration, one of the quickest GGO footballers in Shanghai. He often makes great steals on the pitch and therefore is known as the "Pitch Pickpocket". He does not seem to be a very focused footballer usually, but when he gets serious, he has the determination and will of steel. Special skills are the Dashing Dribble, Pass Particle Spin and the Zero Degrees Strike. Swift an anti-social ggo footballer, He does not talk a lot with the other ggo footballers of his team.He is shorter than satellite,Shadow and Titan
Nucleus (): Captain and Defensive Midfielder of Team Barefoot, number 10. He is an all rounded midfielder with equal ability to attack and defend. He is captain of the Team Barefoot and is the key holding midfielder. Calm, persevering, with very strong leadership skills and an ability to make peace between quarrelling teammates. Special skills are the Omni Directional Dribble, Omni Directional Strike and Omni Directional Tackle.
Titan (): Center Back of Team Barefoot, number 4. Big, strong, tall and yet very quick on his feet (this is one of the factors that Timmy places most importance on as, in real life, Timmy himself is rather clumsy on his feet). Particularly good at getting in the right physical spot in both attack and defense, and with superior header skills. He is a 100% committed and responsible footballer. Special skills are the Bulldozer Tackle, Cruiser Tackle, Cruise Missile Strike and the Gravity Bulldozer Tackle, a skill he uses with Satellite.
Shadow (): Goalkeeper of Team Barefoot, number 1. He has excellent strength in jumps, reacts exceedingly quickly, and most importantly he is able to read the game very well. Although he comes off as very stubborn, he always listens and defers to Shawn's judgement. He has never once argued with Shawn. His special skill is the Shadow Save.
Shield (): Goalkeeper of Team Barefoot, number 12. When he joined Team Barefoot at first he was not very confident, but then showed determination and turned out to be a calm, accurate goalkeeper, something that resembled Oscar. His special skill is the God Shield Save.
Perseus
A competing team in GGO Regional Tournament. They created the 38-winning streak in GGO regional game. Team Captains are Shawn and Emmett.
Controllers
Emmett (): 14 years old, Controller of Cobra, Mustang and Glide. He is confident and strong adaptability. He is a good friend and partner with Shawn and they created the 38 winning streak in GGO regional game. After Shawn decides to join Isaac's team, Emmett returns to Germany and singlehandedly manages Team Perseus.
Footballers
Cobra (): Captain and Striker/Winger of Team Perseus, number 11.
Nucleus (): Defensive midfielder of Team Perseus, number 10.
Mustang (): Centre back of Team Perseus, number 5.
Glide (): Centre back of Team Perseus, number 4.
Shadow (): Goalkeeper of Team Perseus, number 1
Mirror
GGO China National Tournament semi-finalist. Team Captain is Mike. Their football skills are flexible and well coordinated. Their excellent teamwork and execution of strategies always destroy the opponent's defense. Well known for their Illusion Attack Formation.
Controller
Mike (连城): The Captain of Team Mirror. He has a clear mind and strong will in GGO Football. Controller of all the Team Mirror's players.
Footballers
Leader (雷霆): Captain and Striker of Team Mirror, number 10. His special skills are Vortex Strike and Vortex Pass.
Skynet (天网): Winger of Team Mirror, number 9. His special skills are Vortex Strike and Vortex Pass.
Spin (旋风): Midfielder of Team Mirror, number 8. His special skills are Vortex Strike and Vortex Pass.
Blast (迅雷): Centre back of Team Mirror, number 3. His special skills are Vortex Strike and Vortex Pass.
Reflex (反射): Goalkeeper of Team Mirror, number 1. A decent Goalkeeper with good goalkeeping skills.
Hornet
A competing team in the GGO National Tournament. Team Captains are Philip and Van - Father and Son. Their fast movements in the game are like a swarm of bees. Specializes in the Swarm Triangle Formation.
Controllers
Philip (聂天高): One of the controllers of Team Hornet. He participates in GGO Football Tournament to find his missing son, Van. Controller of all the Team Hornet's players.
Van (聂小华): One of the controllers of Team Hornet. He runs away from home because his father does not allow him to play GGO Football. Controller of all the Team Hornet's players.
Footballers
Sprint (冲锋): Captain and Striker of Team Hornet, number 3. Good at beating the defender with his speed. Cooperates well with the other Hornets, Blade and Jet. His special skills are Double Shadow Swarm Attack and Treble Shadow Swarm Attack.
Blade (冷锋): Winger of Team Hornet, number 6. Good at beating the defender with his speed. Cooperates well with the other Hornet's striker, Sprint and Jet. His special skill is Double Shadow Swarm Attack.
Jet (破锋): Winger of Team Hornet, number 9. Good at beating the defender with his speed. Cooperates well with the other Hornet's striker, Sprint and Blade. His special skill is Double Shadow Swarm Attack.
Needle (刺针): Centre Back of Team Hornet, number 5. A decent Centre Back with good defensive skill. His special skill is Hornet Sting Tackle.
Hive (蜂巢): Goalkeeper of Team Hornet, number 1.
Protector
A competing team in the GGO National Tournament. Team Captains are the five Yang Brothers, the oldest four being quadruplets. They are good at defense and counter-attack. Special skills are Absolute Defense and Mid-Air Tactics.
Controllers
Marcus (杨文): One of the controllers of Team Protector. He loves his brothers and does not allow anyone to speak ill of his brother, Oscar. Controller of all the Team Protector's players except Oscar's player Shield.
Justus (杨武): One of the controllers of Team Protector. He loves his brothers and does not allow anyone to speak ill of his brother, Oscar. Controller of all the Team Protector's players except Oscar's player Shield.
Rufus (杨英): One of the controllers of Team Protector. He loves his brothers and does not allow anyone to speak ill of his brother, Oscar. Controller of all the Team Protector's players except Oscar's player Shield.
Cyrus (杨杰): One of the controllers of Team Protector. He loves his brothers and does not allow anyone to speak ill of his brother, Oscar. Controller of all the Team Protector's players except Oscar's player Shield.
Oscar (杨聪):Controller the player Shield.[8]
Footballers
Highlander (空中霸王): Captain and Attacking Midfielder of Team Protector, number 10. Responsible for scoring. Good at personal techniques and beating the defender with his speed.
Invincible (御军): Centre Back of Team Protector, number 4. Cooperates well with the other Protectors defender, Damage and Stopper. Good at defensive skill to strive for victory.
Damage (破裂): Centre Back of Team Protector, number 5. Cooperates well with the other Protectors defender, Invincible and Stopper. Good at defensive skill to strive for victory.
Stopper (截击): Centre Back of Team Protector, number 6. Cooperates well with the other Protectors defender, Invincible and Damage. Good at defensive skill to strive for victory.
Blocker (封阻): Goalkeeper of Team Protector, number 17. A decent replacement player of Shield.
Shield (战盾): Goalkeeper of Team Protector, number 1. His special skill is the God Shield Save.
Magical Illusion
A competing team knocked out in the round of 16 in the China GGO National Tournament by Barefoot. Team Captains are William and Willy. Their football skills are aggressive. In order to win, they always use foul strategies without hesitation. One player would block the electronic referee's view and another player would foul the opponent. Although there are three electronic referees in a game the other two have not got a wide enough camera to see the foul and give a yellow or red card.
Controllers
William (威廉): Magician, one of the Controllers of Team Magical Illusion. He is determined to win in any way, especially fouls. Controller of all the Team Magical Illusion's players.
Willy (威利): Magician, one of the Controllers of Team Magical Illusion. He is determined to win in any way, especially fouls. Controller of all the Team Magical Illusion's players.
Footballers
Flint (火石): Winger and captain of Team Magical Illusion, number 6. Good at blocking opponents' attack by professional foul. His special skill is Sparkling Strike.
Sparks (火花): Winger of Team Magical Illusion, number 9. Good at blocking opponents' attack by professional foul. His special skill is Sparkling Strike.
Bomber (轰炸): Centre Back of Team Magical Illusion, number 11. Good at blocking opponents' attack by professional foul.
Mess (毁坏): Centre Back of Team Magical Illusion, number 2. Good at blocking opponents' attack by professional foul.
Wizard (巫师): Goalkeeper of Team Magical Illusion, number 1. A decent Goalkeeper with good goalkeeping skills.
Sky-Wheels
GGO National Tournament quarter-finalist, knocked out by Team Barefoot. Team Captains are Carmen and Nicholas. They persist in scoring even when they are trailing.
Controllers
Carmen (卓凤): 15 years old, since her father died, she has taken care of her younger brother by herself. She joins the GGO national tournament for the prize money, so that she can continue to run the cart noodle stall which is the legacy of her father.
Nicholas (卓龙): 13 years old, the main controller of Team Sky-wheels. He enjoys being alone. He is good at dealing with adversity and always keeps calm during matches.
Footballers
Clone (复刻): Captain and Striker of Team Sky-wheels, number 10. An important member in the team who's responsible to score in match. His special skill is cloning, learning from the opponents, an eye for an eye. Although he can clone any special skill he still runs out of energy.
Seep (渗透): Winger of Team Sky-wheels, number 11.
Hawk (猎鹰): Winger of Team Sky-wheels, number 9.
Axe (战斧): Centre back of Team Sky-wheels, number 2.
Mask (铁面): Goalkeeper of Team Sky-wheels, number 1.
Wolf Army
GGO National Tournament semi-finalist, knocked out by Team Barefoot. Champion of the last GGO National Tournament. Team Captains are General Clark, Major General Paul and Major Given. As the name suggests, the team is as disciplined as an army and as savage as a wolf. Well known for their Normandy Formation and Sniper Track Formation.
Controllers
General Clark (古勒上将): 45 years old, Veteran, the controller of Team Wolf Army. He has 6 years experience in playing GGO Football. National champion of last year.
Major General Paul (保罗少将): 33 years old, Veteran, the controller of Team Wolf Army. He has 6 years experience in playing GGO Football.
Major Given (基荣少校): 23 years old, Veteran, the controller of Team Wolf Army. He has 6 years experience in playing GGO Football.
Footballers
Cannon (重炮): Captain and Sweeper of Team Wolf Army, number 10. His special skill is the Sniper Strike, shooting a football like a bullet.
Missile (导弹): Sweeper of Team Wolf Army, number 8. His special skill is the Missile Strike, attacking from the air.
Torpedo (鱼雷): Sweeper of Team Wolf Army, number 5. His special skill is the Torpedo Strike, changing the direction while shooting.
Trinity (司令): Midfielder of Team Wolf Army, number 9. His special skill is the Sniper Track, finding the best shooting angle for his teammates.
Radar (雷达): Goalkeeper of Team Wolf Army, number 1.
The Name of Devils
GGO National Tournament finalist. Runners up to Team Barefoot. Team Captains are Tyrant and his four assistants. Their football skills already meet the world-class standard. After the Devil's training, all the footballers are technically and physically far better than normal footballers.
Controllers
Tyrant (烈巴男爵): 17 years old, leader of Team The Name of Devils team, English nobility. Tyrant is disdainful of school – instead he receives personal tutoring in his castle. Never seen without his shades, he has a cold half-smile that can chill one's heart and he never lets anyone know what he is thinking. Tyrant has a mean, sinister personality – he will do anything to win and never lets up against his opponents. He strongly believes that everything in the world can be bought. In GGO matches, Tyrant is an all-round controller, his defense and offence are equally strong. In terms of his GGO controlling skills, he is the best, even better than both Isaac and Shawn. The four guys who work under him to form the team were all bought for a high price. None of them have names but numbers that Tyrant gave to them.
Laurie/010 (霍雷特/010): One of the controllers of Team The Name of Devils, controller of Darkness & Prosecutor. Ex-controller of Shadow. He was bought by Tyrant by a high price and named 010. He is very arrogant and thinks his orders are never wrong. Once in a friendly against Shawn's old team Perseus he was 4-0 up. But in the last minute Nucleus was through on goal and Laurie told Shadow, who was with Laurie at that time, to go and smother the ball. Shadow thought Nucleus was going to pass so he hesitated. Laurie still told Shadow to go out but when he did Nucleus passed and Cobra made it 4–1 in the last second. Shawn told Laurie that if he had not told Shadow to leave his goal then they would have won 4–0. Laurie insisted that it was Shadow's fault and that his orders were never wrong and threw Shadow against a wall, damaging his left eye, and left. Shawn picked Shadow up, took him home, fixed his eye as well as he could and the two have never been apart in any GGO match.
91 (91): One of the controllers of Team The Name of Devils, controller of Destroyer. He works under Tyrant and he gave the number 91 to him.
13 (13): One of the controllers of Team The Name of Devils, controller of Cracker. He works under Tyrant and he gave the number 13 to him.
66 (66): One of the controllers of Team The Name of Devils, controller of Exterminate. He works under Tyrant and he gave the number 66 to him.
Footballers
Darkness (黑帝): Striker of Team The Name of Devils, number 0. All-rounded technique, possessing the best fitness and technical skill in all of Shanghai.
Cracker (爆破): Winger of Team The Name of Devils, number 13. Second fastest player in Shanghai, only losing to Team Barefoot's Swift and named The King of Dribbling.
Exterminate (歼灭): Captain and Defensive midfielder of Team The Name of Devils, number 66. .
Destroyer (破坏): Centre back of Team The Name of Devils, number 29. Big and tall but also extremely quick, his accurate and ruthless defense work successfully stops his opponents.
Prosecutor (盖世太保): Goalkeeper of Team The Name of Devils, number 1. Great saving skills, can easily save any types of goals.
Samba
Brazil's Team Samba, champions of the world three times in a row and are probably the best GGO team in the world. Their football skills are world class defensively and offensively.
Controllers
Dimero(迪美奥): 14 years old, the main controller of Brazil's Team Samba, a professional footballer. He has 3 years' experience in playing GGO. Controller of Striker Extreme and keeper Twister.
Gardo(加度): 15 years old, controller of Brazil's Team Samba, a professional footballer. He has 3 years' experience in playing GGO. Controller of Midfielders Synchronizer and Freezer.
Neo(里奥): 15 years old, controller of Brazil's Team Samba, a professional footballer. He has 3 years' experience in playing GGO. Controller of Centre Back Steel
Footballers
Extreme(无极): Captain and Striker of Brazil's Team Samba, number 9. Having played in numerous big games, he has matured into one of the cleverest footballers. His special skills are the Projective Bouncing Strike, Shadow Windbreaking Strike, Lobster-tail Bicycle Kick, Samba magic pass and Samba Banana Strike. His attributes are top class, whether it is dribbling skills, shot accuracy, dribbling speed or body balance. He is one of the brightest stars in GGO Football.
Synchronizer(圣极龙): Midfielder of Team Samba, number 10. His special skill is the flaming dragon dribble.
Freezer(飞沙): Midfielder of Team Samba, number 20. His special skill is the Samba magic pass, Sandstorm Tackle, Sandstorm Dribble, Brurock Strike .
Steel(钢铁): Centre Back of Brazil's Team Samba, number 6. His special skills are the Samba Magic Pass and Immediate Counter-offensive Tackle, Faster Tackle. Although playing as a defender, his dribbling skills are one of the best.
Twister(龙卷): Goalkeeper of Brazil's Team Samba, number 00. Although he has only got one arm, his Tornado spinning save is an exceptional goalkeeping skill.
Lions
A competing team representing England in GGO International Challenge Cup. Finalist of the last GGO World Tournament. Team Captains are Nelson and Barth. Their football skills are solid and well coordinated. They specialize in using data and statistics to estimate opponents' next actions. Famous for their "Crescent Wall Formation" and "Mirror Crescent Wall Formation.
Controllers
Nelson(尼尔逊): 47 years old, one of the controllers of England's Team Lions, a former football player. He has 7 years' experience in playing GGO Football.
Barth(巴菲斯): 40 years old, one of the controllers of England's Team Lions. He has 7 years' experience in playing GGO Football.
Footballers
Roar(狮吼): Captain and Striker of England's Team Lions, number 9. His special skills are the Crescent Pass, Inner Crescent Strike, Crescent Tackle and Crescent Strike.
Meniscus(新月): Midfielder of England's Team Lions, number 23. His special skills are the Crescent Pass.
Arrow(穿云箭): Winger of England's Team Lions, number 7. His special skills are the Crescent Pass, Crescent Swinging Tackle and Plenilune Swinging Tackle.
Fort(城堡): Centre Back of England's Team Lions, number 5. His special skills are the Crescent Swinging Tackle, Outer Crescent Strike and Crescent Strike.
Rock(金汤): Goalkeeper of England's Team Lions, number 1. His special moves are the Crescent Pass and Crescent Save.
Tango
A competing team representing Argentina in GGO International Challenge Cup. Team Captain is Consalis. Their football skills seem gentle but actually powerful. They always attack smoothly with cooperation. Specialize in Tango Rose Formation and Blooming Rose Formation.
Controller
Consalis(干沙利斯): The controller of Argentina's Team Tango. He is a confident dancer and a perfectionist. Anything not perfect he would either do again to make perfect or throw away.
Footballers
Centron(核心): Striker of Argentina's Team Tango, number 10. He is the heart of the Argentina team. He is the architect of all of the team's offensive and defensive moves. He is the perfect footballer with no flaw, whether it's skills, lower body power, power or offensive and defensive awareness. His special skills are the Poison Ivy Tackle, Rose Dribble and Pollen Strike.
Dagger(尖刀): Captain and Attacking Midfielder of Argentina's Team Tango, number 11. His special skills are the Poison Ivy Tackle and Poison Ivy Pass.
Red Sword(恕剑): Defensive midfielder of Argentina's Team Tango, number 4. His special skills are the Poison Ivy Tackle and Poison Ivy Pass.
Vine(蔓藤): Wing Back of Argentina's Team Tango, number 3. His special skills are the Poison Ivy Tackle and Poison Ivy Pass.
Thorn(荆棘): Goalkeeper of Argentina's Team Tango, number 1.
Birds
A competing team representing Japan in GGO Continental Tournament. They have continually obtained the qualification in the GGO World Tournament for eight years. Team Captains are Hatori and Hasegawa. Players are good at offensive skills.
Controllers
Hatori(火野雄一): 30 years old, one of the controllers of Japan's Team Birds. He was a kendo coach and he has 12 years' experience in playing GGO Football.
Hasegawa(渡三郎): 13-year-old student, one of the controllers of Japan's Team Birds. He has 2 years' experience in playing GGO Football.
Footballers
Claw(鹰爪): Striker of Japan's Team Birds, number 9. His special skill is the Eagles Strike.
Phoenix(凤凰): Winger of Japan's Team Birds, number 7. His special skill is the Eagles Strike.
Jetfire(天火): Winger of Japan's Team Birds, number 12. His special skill is the Eagles Strike.
Falcon(隼): Captain and Free Role of Japan's Team Birds, number 10. His special skills are the Falcon Wings Tackle, Falcon Gliding Pass, Kendo Dual Tackle and Eagles Strike. Known as the best all-rounder, contributes to both offense and defense.
Iron Wing(铁羽): Goalkeeper of Japan's Team Birds, number 1.
Dohago
A competing team representing Singapore in GGO Continental Tournament. Team Captain is Louis. An offensive team but relatively weak in defense. Famous for their Fire Lion Claw Attack Formation.
Controller
Louis(范帅): 28 years old, Tailor, the controller of Team Dohago. He has 3 years' experience in playing GGO Football.
Footballers
Erosion(侵蚀): Striker of Team Dohago, number 5. Attack from the air with Thunder to double the power.
Thunder(悍雷): Striker of Team Dohago, number 4. Attack from the air with Erosion to double the power.
Electrolyte(电极): Captain and Midfielder of Team Dohago, number 10. His special skill Lion Claw Tackle, blocking opponents from going forward.
Flame(火焰): Centre Back of Team Dohago, number 3.
Sealer(冻结): Goalkeeper of Team Dohago, number 1.
Sura
A competing team representing a mysterious island in Asia in GGO Continental Tournament. Team Captain is Alpha Hart, later revealed to actually be Nicholas, the Ex-Controller of team Sky Wheels when he takes off his mask. Every member of the team wears a mask. Thus, no one knows the genuine identity of the team. Specializes in Sura devil Formation.
Controller
Alpha Hart/Nicholas(阿力步化哈慈/卓龙): No one knows the real identity of this controller. Only little information showing that he comes from a mysterious island in Asia, later revealed to be one of the controllers knocked out by Barefoot in the China National GGO tournament in the quarter finals.
Footballers
Clone(复刻): Captain and Striker of Team Sura, number 10. Mainly responsible for scoring. His special skill is the Sura Devil Strike, later the Sura Roaring Flame Devil Strike when he clones the Roaring Flame Strike from Myth. He also leads the Sura Devil Formation. A former player in Team Sky-Wheels.
Dark Satellite(克隆流星): Winger of Team Sura, number 7. A duplicated version of Satellite in Team Barefoot. Can clone any skill that Satellite does.
Dark Swift(克隆疾电): Sweeper of Team Sura, number 18. A duplicated version of Swift in Team Barefoot. Can clone any skill that Swift does.
Dark Titan(克隆铁甲): Centre Back of Team Sura, number 4. A duplicated version of Titan in Team Barefoot. Can clone any skill that Titan does.
Dark Nucleus(克隆核能): Defensive Midfielder of Team Sura, number 0. A duplicated version of Nucleus in Team Barefoot. Can clone any skill that Nucleus does.
Dark Shield(克隆战盾): Goalkeeper of Team Sura, number 1. A duplicated version of Shield in Team Barefoot. Can clone any skill that Shield does.
Dark Shadow(克隆影眼): Goalkeeper of Team Sura, number 88. A duplicated version of Shadow in Team Barefoot. Can clone any skill that Shadow does.
Seasons
Season 1
Season 2
Overseas broadcast
The original firework lit up the sky of Hangzhou in the evening of April 28. The 6th China International Cartoon and Animation Festival, which is the most eye-catching and popular cartoon festival in China, opened in Hangzhou Huanglong Stadium.
AI Football GGO premiered in the Philippines premiered on July 20, 2010, on Hero TV and in India in Malayalam in April 2020. An English dub debuted in South Africa on July 10, 2010, on e.tv. In Singapore, Okto began airing the show in May 2012. The series ran between October 6, 2013, and April 5, 2014, on Eleven in Australia. In the United States, the show debuted on Primo TV alongside the channel's launch in January 2017. The second season debuted in April 2020. The first season began streaming on Tubi TV in Canada and the United States on September 12, 2020.
References
External links
Official Website (English)
2010 Chinese television series debuts
2010s animated television series
Chinese children's animated comedy television series
Animated sports television series
Association football television series |
2016 census may refer to:
Alberta municipal censuses, 2016
2016 Australian census
2016 Canadian Census
Great Elephant Census |
John Bradshaw may refer to:
Politicians
John Bradshaw (died 1588), MP for Radnorshire
John Bradshaw (died 1567), MP for Ludlow
John Ernest Bradshaw (1866–1917), politician in Saskatchewan, Canada
John Bradshaw (Australian politician) (born 1942), former member of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly
Others
John Bradshaw (judge) (1602–1659), English judge
John Bradshaw (writer) (b. 1658/9), English criminal and supposed political writer
John Bradshaw (author) (1933–2016), American educator and self-help writer
John Bradshaw (Adventist) presenter of It Is Written
John Layfield (born 1966), better known by the ring name John "Bradshaw" Layfield, American professional wrestler
John Bradshaw (cricketer) (1812–1880), English cricket player born in Leicestershire
John Christopher Bradshaw (1876–1950), New Zealand organist, conductor, choirmaster and university professor
See also
Augustine Bradshaw (1575–1618), British Catholic, born John Bradshaw
John Bradshaw Gass (1855–1939), British architect and artist |
Clarence Henry Geist (1866 – June 12, 1938) was an American financier who played an important role in the early history of Boca Raton, Florida.
Biography
Clarence Geist was born and raised on a farm in LaPorte County, Indiana. When he was 18 he left Indiana and spent five years in the far West working in cattle ranching, but returned East when he realized he "could not make money where there wasn't any". He settled in Blue Island, Illinois and worked for a year on the Rock Island Railroad as a conductor, and subsequent to that entered the real estate business and served as president of the Cottage Building and Loan in Blue Island. Geist then set himself up as a natural gas distributor, where he supplied gas to Blue Island, Morgan Park, then a suburb of Chicago, and Illinois suburbs south of Blue Island that included Harvey and Chicago Heights.
His wife was Florence Hewitt Geist. He walked with a cane and was an avid golfer, participating in tournaments. From 1912 to 1938 he was the principal owner of the Indianapolis Water Company. Geist Reservoir (1943) is named for him. He also founded in 1910 the company today known as South Jersey Industries, when the Atlantic City Gas and Water Company merged with Atlantic City Gas Company. He eventually owned over 100 utilities.
Geist was a friend of Charles G. Dawes, who in 1925 became Calvin Coolidge's Vice-President. Geist left Indiana first to work for the Dawes family in Chicago.
In 1924 he had built in Palm Beach La Claridad, a mansion designed by Palm Beach architect Marion Sims Wyeth, who also designed Mar-a-Lago. He was a member of the Everglades Club, and the mansion was built on the club grounds (which covered several blocks).
When Addison Mizner's Mizner Development Corporation went bankrupt in 1926 after trying to build the new resort of Boca Raton, Geist bought its assets in 1927 via an anonymous bid of $76,350. Included were the Cloister Inn, fifty houses, and 15,000 acres of land. He commissioned the New York architectural firm Schultze and Weaver to create an addition to the 100-room Cloister Inn, resulting in the 450-room Boca Raton Club, which accepted its first guests in December, 1929, ahead of its 1930 formal opening.
Geist made a low-interest loan to Boca Raton to finance its first municipal water plant (which he convinced Boca Raton it needed) and provide water for the guests at his new hotel. He built it in Mizner's style, for visual harmony. At the time, the handsome, Mediterranean-style plant was the most modern in the state. (It was replaced by a much larger plant in 1956, parts having become unavailable for the original equipment. The building was demolished and the site currently houses Boca's City Hall.) He also paid for an elegant, Mediterranean-style depot on the Florida East Coast Railway (in 2017 operated by the Boca Raton Historical Society as a museum). Geist allegedly bought stock in the railroad in order to influence its choice of Boca Raton depot.
He died at his home in Villanova, Pennsylvania on June 12, 1938 and was interred at West Laurel Hill Cemetery in Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania. At the time of his death it was reported at one time that Geist was reputed to be worth $100,000,000 ($1.93 billion in 2021)
Legacy
The bridge over the Intracoastal Waterway on Mizner's Camino Real is officially the Clarence H. Geist Memorial Bridge (1939), replacing a temporary swing bridge built by Geist.
A Clarence H. Geist Memorial Organ (1940) is located at the Overbrook Memorial Church in Overbrook, New Jersey. Geist was the founder and owner of the New Jersey Seaview Country Club (1914). He was on the Board of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company at the time of his death. He owned a Philadelphia Main Line mansion.
References
1866 births
1938 deaths
American financiers
People from Palm Beach, Florida
People from Boca Raton, Florida
American hoteliers
Addison Mizner
Businesspeople from Indianapolis
Businesspeople from Florida
Businesspeople from Philadelphia
People from LaPorte County, Indiana
Water supply and sanitation in the United States
Philadelphia Main Line
People from Blue Island, Illinois |
Weetangera () is a suburb in the Belconnen district of Canberra, located within the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. The suburb covers an area of approximately . Located approximately north-west of the city, Weetangera is bounded by Springvale Drive to the south and west, Coulter Drive to the east and Belconnen Way to the north. The Pinnacle Nature Reserve, a Canberra Nature Park is adjacent to the south of the suburb, across Springvale Drive.
Etymology
Weetangera is named after the original name of the property "Spring Vale", which in turn had been given a name of Aboriginal origin. In 1934, Australian journalist Frederic Slater claimed that the name "Wittanjirra" was an Aboriginal word meaning "to suck, to drink greedily", referring to a spring near the Weetangera Public School. However, Slater does not provide evidence to support this claim.
History
Aboriginal settlement of the Australian Capital Territory dates back over 20,000 years. Grinding grooves located on the Molonglo River to the south of Weetangera provide evidence of Aboriginal use of the region pre-colonisation. Members of the 'Canberra Tribe' continued to camp near Weetangera until the 1860s.
Europeans first settled in the area in the 1820s, with the name Weetangera (also Weetangerra and Weetangara in early documents) applied to the local vicinity from this time. Weetangera was also the name for the historic Weetangera parish, which included the land from Ginninderra Creek to the Molonglo River.
The Weetangera Public School was first built to service the area in 1875, facing onto the Weetangera Road (now Belconnen Way).
Samuel Shumack lived at "Spring Vale" in Weetangera between 1866 and 1915. Shumack and his father had taken up the land for farming when Samuel was eight years old. Samuel Shumack lived on the property with his family until it was claimed as land for the nation's capital in 1915.
The Southwell family were significant to Weetangera, and various members of the family are buried in the Weetangera Cemetery and former Methodist Church now sited to the west of the adjoining suburb, Hawker.
The modern suburb of Weetangera was officially gazetted by the ACT Government in 1968, with a street theme: 'Pioneers of the Australian Capital Territory'. After the gazetting, the first modern settlers moved into the suburb in 1970 and the first students moved into the Weetangera Primary School, located about a kilometre from the old Weetangera Primary School, in 1973. Today, the suburb is home to over 2500 people.
Political representation
For the purposes of Australian federal elections for the House of Representatives, Weetangera is in the Division of Canberra.
For the purposes of Australian Capital Territory elections for the ACT Legislative Assembly, Weetangera is in the Ginninderra electorate.
Demographics
People who live in Weetangera are called Weetangerans. At the , Weetangera had a population of people. The census shows that Weetangera residents have a median age of 43 which is older than the ACT median of 35 and the Australian median of 38. The median weekly household income was , significantly more than the ACT median of $2,070 and the Australian median of $.
Weetangera's population is predominantly Australian-born; 75.0 per cent on census night 2016. The second most common birthplace was England at 4.3 per cent. The most common religion is 'no religion', with 41.0% of the population reporting they were not religious.
Suburb amenities
Weetangera has a small shopping centre containing a bakery, beauty salon, dentist, coffee shop, gym, Pakistani restaurant and cleaner.
The suburb is also home to the Weetangera Neighbourhood Oval. The ACT Government announced restoration plans for the oval in June 2012, committing $4 million to three ovals, including the Weetangera oval, over a three-year period. The money is for the installation of irrigation systems, synthetic cricket wickets and practice nets, floodlights and a small pavilion and toilet block.
Educational institutions
Both Weetangera Primary School (1973–present) and Weetangera Preschool.
Historic Public School
The first Public School (pre-High School) was sited on land of the original farming property, and opened on 27 April 1875, with 27 students. The first teacher was Mr Ewan Cameron, a member of the Weetangera community and a parent of a student.
The site is between (beside) the present Belconnen Way (north) and Smith and Kinleyside Streets (south). It now a park, with children's play area, with several lines of pine trees that were planted by students of the original school in about 1919 and 1928/9 (Arbor Day).
People honoured in the streets of Weetangera
The street names in Weetangera are predominantly named for ACT pioneers:
Abernethy Street James Abernethy (1830–1920), an overseer and later superintendent of ` Station', 1857–63; schoolmaster and clerk at St John the Baptist Church, 1863–80.
Bambridge Street Edwin Elijah Bambridge (1815–1879), who planted some of the first willow trees along the Molonglo River.
Belconnen Way "Belconnen" was originally the name of a pioneer's homestead and later of a rural district of the ACT.
Coppin Place John Coppin (born circa 1840). Coppins Crossing, across the lower Molonglo River, is also named for John Coppin.
Coulter Drive Robert Charles Coulter (1864–1956); an architect and landscape painter and the co-designer of an award-winning plan in the competition for a Design for the National Capital held in 1911.
Crace Street Edward Kendall Crace (1844–1892); one of the original settlers in the Gungahlin area becoming one of the largest landholders in the district; purchased the 'Gungahlin' and 'Ginninderra' properties from William Davis in 1877 and also acquired 'Charnwood'.
Darmody Street John Darmody (1817–1877); employed at 'Duntroon Station' in 1858.
Davis Street William Davis, senior (1821–1876); arrived in the colony from England on 6 March 1842 on the Palestine with his wife, Jane Elizabeth (née Weston) and several of their children; went to 'Lanyon', home of his daughter and son-in-law; the family moved to Booroomba, where they remained until the early 1860s; sold the property to Charles McKeahnie; Davis then moved to Ginninderra Cottage where he remained until the early 1870s after which he moved to Goulburn; he died in 1876 and his wife died in 1888.
De Salis Street Leopold Fabius Dietegen Fane de Salis (1816–1898); a pioneer pastoralist and politician. He purchased Cuppacumbalong Station in 1856; De Salis was the Member for Queanbeyan, 1864–69 and a Member of the Legislative Council of New South Wales, 1874–98.
Gibbes Place Augustus Onslow Manby Gibbes (1828–1897); owned Yarralumla sheep station between 1858 and 1881, purchased from Sir Terence Aubrey Murray and sold to Frederick Campbell.
Gillespie Street John Gillespie (1809–1889); owned 'Horse Park Station', Ginninderra, 1856–89.
Harcourt Street George Harcourt (died 1893), a storekeeper in Ginninderra.
Jones Place Thomas Jones (1812–1887); arrived in the district in 1825; carpenter and farmer; held land at Rocky Gully near Mulligan's Flat, Gungahlin District.
Kilby Crescent William Kilby (1811–1902); settled at 'Lands End' in Weetangera.
Kinleyside Crescent George Kinleyside (1820–1886); was a blacksmith and the Postmaster at between 1884 and 1886.
Line Place Thomas Harrington Line (1828–1878); a schoolteacher at Canberra, 1858–60; Superintendent of 'Duntroon Station', 1860; also worked the 'Glebe Farm', 1859.
Mathieson Crescent William Mathieson (1837–1882); a shepherd on 'Ginninderra Station' from 1860 to 1882.
Mayo Street Alfred William Mayo (1856–1936); a pioneering farmer of the Majura area.
McKeahnie Street Charles McKeahnie (1809–1903); owner, at various times, of properties in Boboyan, Gudgenby, Orroral and Booroomba areas. He and his wife Elizabeth came to Australia from Scotland in 1838. They were the grandparents of Charlie McKeahnie, who some historians believe to be the inspiration for the poem 'The Man from Snowy River' by Banjo Paterson.
McLachlan Crescent Allan McLachlan (1835–1878); the manager of "Duntroon Station" in 1876.
Morton Street Andrew Morton (1812–1881); a pioneer medical practitioner and coroner in the Queanbeyan district.
Mowle Place Stewart Majoribanks Mowle (1822–1908); employed at 'Yarralumla Station' between 1838 and 1845.
O'Rourke Street Terence O'Rourke (1831–1896); employed on 'Duntroon Station' during the 1850s.
Packer Street William James Packer (1793–1881); the first settler at Gundaroo in 1824, who owned 'Esthermead Estate'.
Plummer Street Levi Plummer (1822–1876); settled at Weetangera in the early 1870s; died after falling from a horse in 1876; his wife, Frances (née Guthridge), died in 1891.
Shumack Street Richard Shumack (1817–1887); father of Samuel Shumack and employed at 'Duntroon Station' between 1856 and 1858 and later with his son, Samuel, established 'Springvale Station' at Weetangera.
Smith Street named for ACT pioneer clergymen.
Southwell Street Thomas Southwell (1813–1881); the owner of "Parkwood" station from 1854. Southwell was responsible for the introduction of Methodism into the Weetangera area.
Springvale Drive named for a homestead in the Weetangera area established by Samuel Shumack and his father Richard Shumack in 1866.
Vest Place Richard Vest (1855–1922); an overseer at 'Yarralumla Station', 1897–1911.
Webb Place George Solomon Webb (1783–1868); a pioneer settler in the Tidbinbilla area, 1833; married to Sarah Rolfe, the step-daughter of Timothy Beard. Their eldest daughter Eliza Webb married John McDonald, the son of the original settlers at Uriarra. Mount Eliza in Tidbinbilla is believed to be named in her honour.
Weetangera Place the name has been associated with the area since the days of the early settlers.
Geology
Silurian age green grey rhyodacite of the Walker Volcanics underlie the whole suburb.
References
Suburbs of Canberra |
Menegazzia norsorediata is a species of lichen from South America. It was described as new to science in 1996.
See also
List of Menegazzia species
References
norsorediata
Lichen species
Lichens described in 1996
Lichens of South America |
"Take Me Down" is a song recorded by American country music band Alabama. It was released in May 1982 as the second single from Alabama's album Mountain Music.
Written by Exile band members Mark Gray and J.P. Pennington, the song was originally recorded by Exile in 1980. The Exile version was released as a single, but failed to become a major hit, although it reached number 102 on the US Bubbling Under chart and number 11 in South Africa.
However, it was not until Alabama released the song that it was the group's seventh number one on the country chart. In addition to its success on the country charts, the song fared modestly well on pop radio, reaching No. 18 on the Billboard Hot 100.
Single and album edits
The single edit to "Take Me Down," released for retail sale and radio airplay, is about 1:10 shorter than the full-length album version. Excised from the single version:
The second refrain; the song immediately proceeds from the second verse into the bridge.
An earlier fade during the ending harmony part (about 30 seconds earlier than the album version).
"B" side
The B-side to "Take Me Down" is a song titled "Lovin' You Is Killin' Me," a re-recording of one of Alabama's earliest songs. "Lovin' You Is Killin' Me" originally appeared as the B-side to the band's first charted single, 1977's "I Wanna Be With You Tonight."
Charts
Exile
Alabama
Year-end charts
Cover version
The song was covered in by soul singer Johnny Bristol the same year and released as the first single off his Free to Be Me album.
References
Works cited
Morris, Edward, "Alabama," Contemporary Books Inc., Chicago, 1985 ()
1982 singles
1980 songs
Alabama (American band) songs
Exile (American band) songs
Songs written by Mark Gray (singer)
Songs written by J.P. Pennington
Song recordings produced by Harold Shedd
RCA Records Nashville singles
1982 songs |
The 2005–06 season is Grimsby Town's 128th season in their existence. They competed in Football League Two, alongside competing in the FA Cup, Football League Cup and the Football League Trophy. The season covers the period from 1 July 2005 to 30 June 2006.
Transfers
Transfers in
Loans in
Transfers out
Loans out
Fixtures and results
Grimsby Town's score shown first
Legend
Pre-season matches
Friendlies
Lincolnshire Cup
Football League Two
Playoffs
FA Cup
League Cup
Football League Trophy
League table
Carlisle United were another side who earned a second successive promotion, only two years after a relegation from the League that some predicted would see the end of the club. Northampton Town joined them, making up for two seasons of play-off disappointment, and Leyton Orient ended a decade in the bottom division by earning promotion on nearly the last minute of the season. Wycombe started the season with a 21-game unbeaten run that saw 5 of their players named in the PFA LG2 team of the year. Two tragic off the fields events however saw them fall away in the second part of the season before losing to Cheltenham Town in the playoff semi-finals. Grimsby Town lost 1–0 to Cheltenham in the final at the Millennium Stadium.
Rushden and Diamonds failed to improve on the previous season, and paid the price with relegation to the Conference. Oxford United joined them, despite the return of manager Jim Smith, and became the first former winners of a major trophy to be relegated to the Conference.
Coaching staff
Squad overview
First Team Squad
Appearances and goals
|}
Most frequent starting line-up
Most frequent starting line-up uses the team's most used formation: 4–4–2. The players used are those who have played the most games in each respective position, not necessarily who have played most games out of all the players.
Notes
References
2005–06
Grim |
Mercês is a Brazilian municipality located in the state of Minas Gerais. The city belongs to the mesoregion of Zona da Mata and to the microregion of Ubá. As of 2020, the estimated population was 10,758.
Mercês is notable for its disproportionately large populations of Scientologists as opposed to other districts; this statistic more than quadruples any municipality which it borders. This abnormality may be attributed to the presence of a church centre for the religion located in a region, although few attend it on a strictly regulated basis.
See also
List of municipalities in Minas Gerais
References
Municipalities in Minas Gerais |
The architecture of the Kansas City Metropolitan Area, especially Kansas City, Missouri, includes major works by some of the world's most distinguished architects and firms, including McKim, Mead and White; Jarvis Hunt; Wight and Wight; Graham, Anderson, Probst and White; Hoit, Price & Barnes; Frank Lloyd Wright; the Office of Mies van der Rohe; Barry Byrne; Edward Larrabee Barnes; Harry Weese; and Skidmore, Owings & Merrill.
Kansas City, Missouri was founded in the 1850s at the confluence of the Missouri and Kaw rivers and grew with the expansion of the railroads, stockyards, and meatpacking industry. Prominent citizens settled in the Quality Hill neighborhood and commissioned fine homes primarily in Italianate Renaissance Revival style, which continued to be the major influence for new structures past the turn-of-the-century. George Kessler's urban plan for Kansas City with its expansive park and boulevard system, inspired by the City Beautiful Movement, made a profound and lasting impact on the city.
The core of the downtown area was developed in an early 20th-century building boom that continued into the Great Depression. Emporis ranks Kansas City among the top ten US cities for art deco architecture. Municipal Auditorium, the Kansas City Power and Light Building, and Jackson County Courthouse have been called "three of the nation's Art Deco treasures". J.C. Nichols, a prominent developer of commercial and residential real estate, developed the Country Club Plaza (by Edward Buehler Delk and Edward Tanner), and was active in the promotion of lasting architectural landmarks such as Liberty Memorial (Harold Van Buren Magonigle), and Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art (Wight and Wight).
The second period of building growth occurred from the 1960s through the 1980s. During this time, Kansas City, Missouri gained much of its modern glass skyscrapers, including One Kansas City Place, which is the tallest building in Missouri at 623 feet. Suburban growth spread into Johnson County, Kansas, with new homes and mid-rise office buildings concentrated in Overland Park and Leawood, Kansas.
After a period of urban decline and stagnation in the inner city, downtown Kansas City has been revived by several major new works of architectural design. T-Mobile Center arena (2007), the Power & Light District entertainment development (2007), the Bloch Building featuring contemporary artwork added to the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art (2007), H&R Block World Headquarters located in the Power & Light District (2006), the 2555 Grand office building near Crown Center (2003), Charles Evans Whittaker Federal Courthouse in the Government District (2000), Kemper Museum of Contemporary Art (1994), American Century Towers by the Country Club Plaza (1991 and 1994), Bartle Hall Convention Center expansion adding the iconic 4 towers with artwork atop each (1994), and the biotechnology and medical institution situated near UMKC Stowers Institute for Medical Research (1994) are among the most prominent and recognizable.
Early architecture
Kansas City, Missouri's first highrise is the New York Life Insurance Building, completed in 1890. It has twelve floors at a height of and is the first local building with elevators. After the New York Life Building was completed, Kansas City followed the national trend of constructing a plethora of buildings above ten stories. Within fifty years of the building's construction, more than fifty buildings with more than ten floors each were built in and around downtown.
In the late 1800s, architectural leadership of the booming Kansas City included architect James Oliver Hogg and Superintendent of Buildings A. Wallace Love. The upper class, especially those living at the segment of Troost Avenue nicknamed Millionaire's Row, considered the European castellated style to be in vogue. In 1897, the city government inaugurated one of the earliest architectural centerpieces of the area, in the form of the new city workhouse castle with dedicated jail. It was built from two-foot-thick yellow limestone, quarried onsite by inmate labor, at a total cost of . It was designed by Hogg and Love, with input from workhouse Superintendent Major Brant, who hailed it as "the best building Kansas City has". Its 20-foot castellated towers, parapet walls, and Scotch coping were inspired by 16th century Europe's Romanesque Revival architecture to give "the impression of an ancient taronial castle". In 1909, Dr. Flavel B. Tiffany (founder of Tiffany Springs) moved away from Millionaire's Row and into his new home in Pendleton Heights, built for , with walls of solid stone from a quarry at 2nd and Lydia, based on his love of the Tudor architecture of castles seen in his travels to England and Scotland.
Louis Curtiss, among Kansas City's most innovative architects, designed the Boley Clothing Company Building, which is renowned as "one of the first glass curtain wall structures in the world". The six-story building also features cantilever floor slabs, cast iron structural detailing, and terra cotta decorative elements.
Art Deco, Terra Cotta, and Gothic styles
Kansas City underwent an early skyscraper boom between 1920 and 1940, including the Power and Light Building, Oak Tower, City Hall, the Jackson County Court House, the Bryant Building, and the Fidelity National Bank building. Today, many of these buildings are being renovated for various uses, from residential lofts to office spaces. Oak Tower was once a building filled with terra cotta and gothic architecture. In an effort to modernize the then-40-year-old building in the 1970s, however, Southwestern Bell tore down its gargoyles and placed cladding over.
Frank Lloyd Wright buildings
Frank Lloyd Wright designed three buildings that stand in the Kansas City area: the Frank Bott Residence (1950), the Clarence Sondern House (1940), and Community Christian Church (1940).
Community Christian Church
This Frank Lloyd Wright building is on Main at East 46th Street, across from the Country Club Plaza's main shopping district. In April 1940, Community Christian Church came to Wright and asked him to design a new building for them after a fire had destroyed its previous church building. Wright based his design on a parallelogram including some features previously conceived for his last building for Johnson Wax Company, along with one additional unique feature: a spire of light. Due to high building costs, the scale of the church was reduced during construction. The auditorium was cut back from a planned 1,200 seats to 900 seats, many details were eliminated, and the building was sheathed in gunite, a form of lightweight concrete, over Wright's objections. The spire of light also could not be built and illuminated due to technical limitations of the times. However, the church was dedicated on January 4, 1942, and served the congregation well.
In 1994, the Spire of Light was finally completed as planned. The components are housed on the church roof inside of a perforated dome on the building's northwestern corner. The spire is created by four (4) 16" xenon bulbs ignited by 40,000 volts of electricity, then, in combination with a parabolic reflector, produces 300 million candela of illumination (per light, 1.2 billion cp total) in a near perfect column. The spire is visible for miles around Kansas City, and reportedly can be seen from north of the Plaza, depending on conditions. It has been calculated to stop at least up above the earth, about half the maximum height at which jet airplanes fly. The spire of light is lit regularly on Fridays, Saturdays, and Sundays, except religious holidays, and is one of the features of the annual Plaza lighting ceremony.
Tours of Community Christian Church are open to the public and free of charge.
Modern and post-modern architecture
Kansas City had a building boom in the 1970s based on TWA's plans to use the city as the world hub for its new fleet of Boeing 747s and anticipated supersonic transports.
During this period Kansas City International Airport was built to TWA's specifications so that gates were within of the street. Hallmark Cards began construction of Crown Center. The city also built the Bartle Hall convention center. Architect Helmut Jahn's first major work was the revolutionary design for Kemper Arena, which had no columns blocking sight lines and was built in 18 months in time to attract the 1976 Republican National Convention.
The optimism of this era came to a crashing end when the Kemper Arena roof collapsed during a storm in 1979 (although no one was injured) and when skybridges at the new Hyatt Regency in Crown Center collapsed in the Hyatt Regency walkway collapse on July 17, 1981, in the worst engineering disaster in recorded history in terms of human lives. Both buildings were repaired and remain in use.
In addition to these disasters, TWA asked the city to extensively rebuild the terminals at the newly opened Kansas City International Airport so that it could have central checkpoints. The airport renovations had already come in at $100 million over budget, so the city refused. As a result, TWA moved its hub to St. Louis. In 2006, the city finally announced plans for a $250 million overhaul of the terminals to accommodate the security issues.
In the 1980s, the nation moved from the "modern" style of architecture (as inspired by architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe), building large, boxy structures, to a "postmodern" style. The two most noticeable postmodern buildings in the Kansas City skyline are the Town Pavilion (built in 1986) and One Kansas City Place (1988). One Kansas City Place is a taller, glass version of City Hall. The building rises 623 feet from its main entrance to the top of its spire and is Missouri's tallest office building.
Original Kansas City architecture
Kansas City's most profound influence on national architecture is the Kansas City-style of stadium that originated with the Kivett & Myers 1967 design for the Truman Sports Complex for the Kansas City Chiefs and Kansas City Royals. In an era when new stadiums were huge multiuse arenas, Kivett & Myers proposed baseball and football have their own arenas with dimensions most favorable to their sports and then covered with a rolling roof. Virtually all major league ballparks and stadiums since then have followed that model and most have been designed by one of two Kansas City architect firms that trace their stadium business roots to Kivett -- Populous and HNTB. The firms' headquarters are a few blocks apart in downtown Kansas City.
The most distinctive feature of any modern Kansas City building is its use of fountains. Kansas City calls itself the City of Fountains and has more than 200 fountains (with the claim that only Rome, Italy has more fountains). Probably the most famous is the J.C. Nichols Fountain on the Country Club Plaza. It's also the most photographed. Sculpted by France's Henri Greber in 1910, the fountain's mounted figures were originally planned for a Long Island estate. Each of the equestrian figures represents one of four great rivers of the world: Mississippi, Volga, Rhine and Seine.
Historical building restoration
Landmark Tower/One Park Place
This building used to be known as the BMA (Business Men's Assurance Company) Building. It is located south of downtown at the intersection of Southwest Tfwy and 31st Street, directly across from the Fox 4 News building and towers, and on the same block as Penn Valley skatepark.
Built in 1964, Landmark Tower was designed by architects at Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, who also designed the Plaza Center Building at 800 West 47th Street. Its structural grid, which is clad in white Georgia marble, is projected out in front of the actual building. Landmark Tower earned the First Honor Award in 1964 from the American Institute of Architects and was featured in a 1965 exhibit by New York's Museum of Modern Art.
Renovation began in 2003. The only opposition occurred when developers wanted to build additional residential facilities inside the park adjacent to the tower. The One Park Place developers say the tower will hold between 150 and 200 residential units. Gastinger Walker Harden Architects is working with the developers on the renovations, respecting the original design, which was inspired by the "International" style.
The View
Located at 600 Admiral Boulevard, it was completed in 1967. The architects of this building were John L. Daw & Associates. The Vista del Rio was the first multi-story exposed concrete structural frame building allowed by federal specifications. It was also the first federally approved high-rise to use sheetrock for internal walls. It was originally built to inspire urban renewal in the previously dilapidated area; however, after a period of misuse, the building itself fell into deep disrepair. After much of its glass had been removed, it began to be used by more "troublesome" citizens. By the 1990s, maintenance and care became so bad that graffiti appeared throughout the structure and, unfortunately, even human remains were found around the premises.
Many predicted the destruction of this neglected building, but at the beginning of current downtown redevelopment, its future became much brighter. The Vista Del Rio became the View, turning from a public nuisance to a magnet for people wishing anew to live downtown.
Fidelity Bank and Trust/909 Walnut
This building is located at 909 Walnut Street (formerly 911 Walnut Street), in the north portion of downtown's Central Business District. Constructed in 1931 (at the same time as the Power and Light Building), it is 35 stories tall.
Built to replace the Fidelity National Bank and Trust Building that had existed on that site, it was designed by Hoit, Price and Barnes Architects, the same firm that designed the Power and Light Building. It won a local American Institute of Architects award in the 1930s during its construction. The twin towers at its top resemble those of notable buildings around the United States, such as 900 North Michigan in Chicago (built in 1989), or the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York City (built in 1931). The building once had a large clock in its north tower that has long since been removed.
In 2003, several proposals competed to turn this building into a residential tower. The building now houses 150-180 residential units, complete with rooftop terraces for its two multimillion-dollar penthouses.
New development
During the 1950s and 1960s, as many downtown residents moved south and north to Kansas City's sprawling suburbs; downtown's population dwindled. By the 1980s, downtown Kansas City consisted mostly of office towers, with few thriving neighborhoods remaining. However, major downtown redevelopment has brought back thousands of residents; with them has come a need for more buildings and more density.
In late 2004, H&R Block announced the construction of its new headquarters, a 17-story tower downtown that was completed in early 2007. The tower serves as the anchor of a six-block entertainment district neighboring the Central Business District. This project includes five new skyscrapers intended to bring additional entertainment, jobs, and housing to downtown.
Local architectural firms have major contracts with these and other new proposals. The two biggest are the Power and Light District, designed by Cordish Company of Baltimore, Maryland, and the 18,500-seat T-Mobile Center arena, originally named Sprint Center.
On October 6, 2006, ground was broken on the Kauffman Center for the Performing Arts a performing arts center. It serves the Kansas City Metropolitan Area as host to three resident companies: the Kansas City Symphony, Ballet, and Opera. The Kauffman Center held its grand opening in September 2011.
The Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City completed the building of a new headquarters located southwest of Crown Center.
See also
List of crossings of the Missouri River
List of tallest buildings in Kansas City, Missouri
Buildings on National Register of Historic Places
List of Registered Historic Places in Jackson County
List of Registered Historic Places in Clay County
List of Registered Historic Places in Platte County
References
External links
Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps - Kansas City
www.skyscraperpage.com
KC Skyscrapers
Architecture in the United States by city |
Mariniphaga anaerophila is a Gram-negative, facultatively aerobic, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, mesophilic, chemoheterotrophic and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Mariniphaga which has been isolated from tidal flat sediments from the Tokyo Bay in Japan.
References
Bacteroidia
Bacteria described in 2014 |
Grits and grunts is a breakfast dish eaten in the U.S. state of Florida. The dish is prepared by serving small fried fish fillets, typically white grunts, over cooked grits. It is similar to shrimp and grits.
History
The dish is considered to be a staple of Floridian cuisine. It was invented during the colonial period and became popular in Key West during the early 20th century. Barry Popik stated that this popularization occurred around 1900. Stetson Kennedy's book Grits and Grunts: Folkloric Key West was named after the dish.
References
Porridges
Florida cuisine
American fish dishes |
Dash Bolagh (, also Romanized as Dāsh Bolāgh; also known as Dashbulak and Dāshbulāq) is a village in Sain Qaleh Rural District, in the Central District of Abhar County, Zanjan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 355, in 81 families.
References
Populated places in Abhar County |
State Road 119, is an IIA-class road in northern Serbia, connecting Croatia at Neštin with Sremska Kamenica. It is located in Vojvodina.
Before the new road categorization regulation given in 2013, the route wore the following names: P 107 (before 2012) / 116 (after 2012).
The existing route is a regional road with two traffic lanes. By the valid Space Plan of Republic of Serbia the road is not planned for upgrading to main road, and is expected to be conditioned in its current state.
Sections
See also
Roads in Serbia
References
External links
Official website – Roads of Serbia (Putevi Srbije)
Official website – Corridors of Serbia (Koridori Srbije) (Serbian)
State roads in Serbia |
Ahmose-Nebetta (alternatively written Ahmose-Nebta) ( “Child of Iah (the Moon) - Lady of the Land”) was a princess during the late Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt. She was probably the daughter of Seqenenre Tao and Queen Ahhotep I. She was the sister of Pharaoh Ahmose I.
Life
Ahmose-Nebetta was likely a daughter of Seqenenre Tao. She may have married her brother Ahmose I, but her sister Ahmose-Nefertari was the Great Royal Wife.
Her titles include King's Daughter and King's Sister. She is named on a statue of a prince Ahmose in the Louvre (E 15682). Two daughters of Ahhotep I, both named Ahmose, are named and they are thought to represent Ahmose-Nefertari and Ahmose-Nebetta. A statue of a princess at the Louvre (N 496) identifies her as a king's daughter, as a king's sister and as the daughter of Queen Ahhotep I.
Ahmose-Nebetta is depicted in the tomb of Inherkau (TT359) which dates to the 20th Dynasty as one of the "Lords of the West". She is shown in the top row behind Ahmose-Tumerisy and in front of Ahmose Sapair.
References
Princesses of the Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt
16th-century BC women |
Woman in the Mists: The Story of Dian Fossey and the Mountain Gorillas of Africa is a 1987 biography of the conservationist Dian Fossey, who studied and lived among the mountain gorillas of Rwanda.
It is written by the Canadian author Farley Mowat, himself a conservationist and author of the book Never Cry Wolf.
Plot
Dian Fossey worked in the United States in a children's hospital until she decided to become a field anthropologist in Africa.
Mowat says this decision illustrates the strength of character that made her famous and that may also have led to her death.
In 1960 she gained an interview with Louis Leakey, the famous anthropologist, who encouraged her to study the mountain gorillas of Central Africa at first hand. She accepted this advice against the wishes of her friends and family.
At first, it seemed that she was following the path defined by Jane Goodall, and would become a successful scientist. However, she soon became passionately interested in the cause of preserving the mountain gorillas. An outspoken woman, she made no attempt to disguise her hatred and contempt for poachers and hunters. In December 1985 she was murdered in her African camp. Although the book does not delve into the subject in depth, Mowat speculates that an ex-worker may have been hired to kill her by larger corporate interests opposed to her crusade to preserve the gorillas.
Themes
Farley Mowat is sympathetic to Fossey's interest in preserving the gorillas. He gives a portrait of her intense feelings, without concealing that she had a stubborn and difficult personality. She became bitter, with no intimate friends, and her single-mindedness may have contributed to her death.
A secondary theme is the importance of preserving the mountain gorillas, which accords with Mowat's own interests as a conservationist.
Publication
The title is a play on the title of Dian Fossey's 1983 book Gorillas in the Mist in which she described her work with mountain gorillas, and which provided some of the material used in the 1988 biographical film Gorillas in the Mist starring Sigourney Weaver.
Literary reception
According to Stefan Kanfer of Time Magazine, "Mowat is scrupulously fair: he shows his subject antagonizing co-workers as she lurches from tantrum to euphoria and back again, but he praises her meticulous observations of animal life and her unceasing struggles with poachers and politics as she fights to save the mountain gorillas from extinction ... Mowat finally makes some convincing accusations of government-sponsored assassins. But he concedes, sadly, that Fossey's misanthropy made her an accessory to the crime".
A reviewer for Publishers Weekly describes the book as "a gripping story from beginning to gruesome end, filled with drama, intrigue and love affairs... Her mercurial personality alone gives the book a wider audience than most in the nature-adventure genre and it is fitting that such a passionate defender of wildlife as Mowat write about her".
Frank Reiser writing in Library Journal says "This gripping, action-packed story is essential reading for all who understand the sacrifice of self for the preservation of other species. Highly recommended".
References
1972 non-fiction books
American biographies
Warner Books books
Books by Farley Mowat
Canadian non-fiction books
English-language books |
Ernie Moser (born April 30, 1949) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey right winger who was drafted 9th overall in the 1969 NHL Amateur Draft by the Toronto Maple Leafs.
Career statistics
External links
1949 births
Canadian ice hockey right wingers
Flint Generals (IHL) players
Ice hockey people from Saskatchewan
Living people
Muskegon Mohawks players
National Hockey League first-round draft picks
Springfield Indians players
Toronto Maple Leafs draft picks
Tulsa Oilers (1964–1984) players
People from Rural Municipality Happyland No. 231, Saskatchewan
Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in the United States |
The Dapingding Tropical Botanical Garden () is a garden in Siaogang District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan which is used as a museum of tropical plants and a recreational park.
Architecture
The garden has an area of 9.6 hectares with rich ecological resources and various terrains, such as hills, lowlands and tablelands. The garden features ecology exposition center, green path, observation deck, wood bridges, pavilions, forest education center and four theme areas for exhibition, preservation of tropical plants, ecological education and tourism.
Transportation
The park is accessible east of Siaogang Station of Kaohsiung MRT.
See also
List of parks in Taiwan
References
Botanical gardens in Taiwan
Geography of Kaohsiung |
Foot Locker, Inc. is an American sportswear and footwear retailer, with its headquarters in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, and operating in 28 countries.
Although established in 1974, and founded as a separate company in 1988, Foot Locker's roots date to 1879, as it is a successor corporation to the F. W. Woolworth Company (“Woolworth's”), which changed its name to Foot Locker in 2001, as many of its freestanding stores were Kinney Shoes and Woolworth's locations. The company operates the eponymous “Foot Locker” chain of athletic footwear retail outlets (along with “Kids Foot Locker” and “Lady Foot Locker” stores), and other athletic-based divisions including Champs Sports, Footaction USA, House of Hoops, and Eastbay/Footlocker.com, which owns the rights to Final-Score. The company is also famous for its employees' uniforms at its flagship Foot Locker chain, resembling those of referees.
According to the company's filings with the SEC, as of January 28, 2017, Foot Locker, Inc. had 3,363 primarily mall-based stores in the United States, Canada, Europe, and Asia. Nearly 70% of its products are from Nike.
History
In 1963, the F. W. Woolworth Company purchased the Kinney Shoe Corporation and operated it as a subsidiary. In the 1960s, Kinney branched into specialty shoe stores, including Stylco in 1967, Susie Casuals in 1968, and Foot Locker on September 12, 1974. The first Foot Locker opened in the Puente Hills Mall in City of Industry, California. Woolworth also diversified its portfolio of specialty stores in the 1980s, including Afterthoughts, Northern Reflections, Rx Place, and Champs Sports. By 1989, the company pursued an aggressive strategy of multiple specialty store formats targeted at enclosed shopping malls. The idea was that if a particular concept failed at a given mall, the company could quickly replace it with a different concept. The company aimed for ten stores in each of the country's major shopping malls, but this never came to pass as Woolworth never developed that many successful specialty store formats.
In 1988, the F.W. Woolworth Company incorporated a separate company called the Woolworth Corporation in the state of New York. The Woolworth Corporation was responsible for the operations of the Foot Locker stores, among the other specialty chains operated by Woolworth's. One of its first moves was the acquisition of Champs Sports and renaming itself the Woolworth Athletic Group.
During the 1980s and 1990s, the F.W. Woolworth Company's flagship department store chain fell into decline, ultimately culminating in the closure of the last stores operating under the name of Woolworth's in the United States in 1997. Deciding to continue aggressive expansion into the athletic business in the following years, the company acquired Eastbay in 1997, which was the largest athletic catalog retailer in the United States, as well as subsequent purchases of regional storefront retailers Sporting Goods (purchased in 1997) and The Athletic Fitters (purchased in 1998). After 1997, Wal-Mart replaced Woolworth in the Dow Jones average. The Woolworth Corporation remained the parent company of Foot Locker, and in 1998 it changed its name to "Venator Group, Inc." By the 1990s, Foot Locker was responsible for more than 70 percent of Kinney Shoe Corp. sales, while traditional shoe retailer Kinney was in decline. Venator announced shuttering of the remaining Kinney Shoe and Footquarters stores on September 16, 1998.
On February 12, 1999, a federal jury in Austin awarded $341,000 (~$ in ) to a former Foot Locker shoe store manager who said the company systematically discriminated against its African American employees by offering more opportunities for promotions to white managers.
As the "Foot Locker" brand had become the Woolworth/Venator company's top performing line, on November 2, 2001, Venator changed its name to Foot Locker, Inc. On November 19, 2004, Foot Locker announced that its quarterly profit rose 19 percent, helped by stronger sales.
In 2004, Foot Locker acquired the Footaction USA brand and approximately 350 stores from Footstar for $350 million (~$ in ). On April 14, 2004, Foot Locker Inc. announced that it agreed to buy about 350 Footaction stores from bankrupt Footstar Inc. for $160 million (~$ in ) to expand in urban areas.
On January 10, 2005, the company announced that Nick Grayston was promoted to President and Chief Executive Officer of its
Foot Locker U.S. division, succeeding Tim Finn, who retired from the company.
In 2007, Foot Locker joined with schoolPAX to launch the Foot Locker School Rewards Program, designed to provide charitable donations to schools who sign up and shop at Foot Locker with a custom-coded key tag or school code.
Foot Locker purchased CCS, a skateboarding equipment retailer, from Alloy for $103 million in cash.
In 2011, Foot Locker joined DoSomething.Org for the Foot Locker Scholar Athletes program, which honors high school athletes for demonstrating academic excellence and flexing their hearts on their sports teams and in their communities.
On June 26, 2012, Foot Locker celebrated the 100th anniversary of the first stock offering made by its predecessor, the F. W. Woolworth Company, on the New York Stock Exchange by ringing the Closing Bell for the trading day.
In 2013, the company acquired the German retailer Runners Point Group.
After not meeting corporate expectations, Foot Locker planned to close its CCS unit but sold it to Daddies Board Shop in 2014.
Foot Locker has steadily risen in Fortune 500 rank, from 446 in 2011 to 363 in 2018. Foot Locker recorded a record turnover of 7.151 million dollars at the end of the fiscal year 2015.
In 2019, Foot Locker invested $100 million (~$ in ) in GOAT, an online resale marketplace for sneakers. In 2021, Foot Locker acquired Los Angeles-based athletic retailer WSS and Tokyo-based Atmos. In 2022, Foot Locker announced it would aim to achieve net zero emissions by 2050.
Several Foot Locker stores were damaged in rioting and looting, with two locations destroyed by arson, during the George Floyd protests in Minneapolis–Saint Paul in May 2020.
Stores
References
External links
History of Kinney Shoes
Retail companies of the United States
Athletic shoe brands
Clothing retailers of the United States
Shoe companies of the United States
Sporting goods retailers of the United States
Skateboarding companies
F. W. Woolworth Company
Companies based in New York City
American companies established in 1974
Retail companies established in 1974
1974 establishments in California
Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange
Shoe brands
Footwear retailers of the United States |
Veneto is one of the 20 regions of Italy. The music of Veneto.
Venice
The city of Venice in Italy has played an important role in the development of the music of Italy. The Venetian state—i.e. the medieval Maritime Republic of Venice—was often popularly called the "Republic of Music", and an anonymous Frenchman of the 17th century is said to have remarked that "In every home, someone is playing a musical instrument or singing. There is music everywhere."
Venues
In Padua, musical ensembles such as the Amici della Musica di Padova, the Solisti Veneti and the Padova-Veneto Symphony are found. Concerts are often held in the historic Loggia Comaro, built in 1524. As well, the city is the site of the Teatro delle Maddalene, the Teatro delle Grazie, the Giuseppe Verdi Theater, and the Cesare Pollini music conservatory.
Rovigo is well known for its love of opera and is the site of the famous Teatro Sociale, built in 1819. In the 20th century it was the venue for the career beginnings of Tullio Serafin, Beniamino Gigli and Renata Tebaldi. The town of Rovigo is also the site of the Francesco Vanezza music conservatory.
The city of Treviso is currently embarked on a music/multimedia facility building project under the umbrella term "Eurobottega". The Teatro Mario Del Monaco is its main theatre and opera house. The town of Asolo in the province has annual chamber music festivals.
The city of Verona is world-famous for the Roman amphitheater known as the "Arena", a site that has been hosting musical events since the 16th century, but which is more recently known for the spectacular outdoor staging of Verdi's Aida, an event staged for the first time in 1913. The city also has the Felice Evaristo Dall'Abaco music conservatory;
Vicenza is the site of the Teatro Olimpico and an annual series of symphony concerts, "Il Suono dell'Olimpico" as well as of an interesting project entitled Costruiamo un'opera" aimed at promoting musical education among school children. The town of Bassano del Grappa in the province of Vicenza is the site of OperaEstate Festival Veneto, involving performances at many different locations in the town, virtually turning the entire town into one large operatic venue.
Folk Music of Veneto
Veneto has a rich culture of folk music. Most of the songs that are known today were born between the 18th Century and the first half of 20th Century. The majority of them don't have an author. Venetian chants were mainly choral and they were sung in aggregative moments. After a day of work on the mountain or in the fields (people who used to work in vineyards were forced to sing so the lord or later, the employer, could be sure that they weren't eating the grapes while working); after weddings, at night in an osteria or during filò (country vigils common in the winter). It was during sagre (country festivals) that folk songs flourished the most: the ecclesiastic censorship wasn't respected there, which reflected in more vulgar lyrics with a more liberating effect. Sagre are also the occasions where it's more frequent to hear folk music nowadays.
Like in every oral tradition, a Venetian song can have various versions that can differ in content and in the dialect, which can vary drastically within 30 miles or less. It's also interesting noticing how this repertoire shares similarities and themes with the music of Istria; the song "La mula di Parenzo" (“Parenzo’s mule”), which refers to a Croatian city, is a famous example.
Despite being often sung a cappella, Venetian folk music featured in the past some typical instrument which has felt into disuse before the 20th Century. Between them, the "baga" (a small bagpipe with two pipes) and the piva (bagpipe) (a recorder made of chestnut wood). Nowadays Venetian songs are often accompanied by an accordion or by guitars.
The music is generally really simple, diatonic and strophic, often based on tonic to dominant progressions.
Venetian songs often presents a love theme, usually situated in a rustic setting. Sexual themes presented in an irreverent way are common; one example is "L'oselin de la comare".(“The godmather’s little bird”).
It's not rare to find dark theme linked in love songs: in "Donna Lombarda" (“Lombard woman”), a man convinces a woman (after getting her drunk) to cheat on her husband and even kill him.
In the capital of Venice and nearby, canzoni da battello (boat songs) were a popular sub-genre. The love theme here is often presented on a gondola, the typical Venetian boat. Famous examples include “La biondina in gondoleta” (“The blonde girl in the gondola”) (Lamberti) and “Monta in gondola” (“Get on the gondola”) (Latilla, Boni); the second one, from the ‘50s, represent a more modern approach which was influenced by the pop music of the days.
Lullabies are really common, the most famous of one would be “Totò totò museta”; they would often include religious thematics.
During World War 1, the repertoire often overlapped with those of the Alpini, the mountain warfare of the Italian Army. Most of these songs were written in the area of Mount Ortigara and they include “Ta pum”, “Sul cappello” (“On our hat”), “Quel mazzolin di fiori” (“That little bunch of flowers”).
References
Guide Cultura, i luoghi della music (2003) ed. Touring Club Italiano
Folk Music of Veneto:
http://www.teche.rai.it/2014/11/archivio-del-folclore-musicale-italiano-veneto/
https://www.italyheritage.com/italian-songs/regional/veneto/
http://www.gens.info/italia/it/veneto/musica-tradizionale-nel-veneto.html
External links
i Solisti Veneti
Padova music conservatory
Teatro Sociale, Rovigo
Arena di Verona
Verona music conservatory
OperaEstate Festival Veneto in Bassano del Grappa
Concerts today in Veneto
http://www.teche.rai.it/2014/11/archivio-del-folclore-musicale-italiano-veneto/
https://www.italyheritage.com/italian-songs/regional/veneto/
Veneto
Veneto |
The Christian School at Castle Hills, formerly Castle Hills First Baptist Schools, is a private Christian school located in Castle Hills, Texas. It is accredited by the Association of Christian Schools International. The Christian School at Castle Hills serves approximately 600 students from preschool to 12th grade.
History
Castle Hills First Baptist School was founded in 1981 by Pastor George H. Harris and several members of Castle Hills First Baptist Church. The school initially served kindergarten through 6th grade, with an enrollment of about 100 students. In 2020, there were approximately 650 students enrolled from preschool (6 weeks) through the 12th grade. In 2016, The Christian School at Castle Hills severed its association with Castle Hills First Baptist Church, becoming an independent Christian school and changing its name to "The Christian School at Castle Hills".
Athletics
Castle Hills has received multiple Texas Association of Private and Parochial Schools Division 4A Awards. The first of these was the boys soccer program in the 1997–1998 season. Other awards include two state championships for boys varsity volleyball in the early 2000s.
Fine Arts
The Castle Hills secondary choir received back-to-back state titles in 2010 and 2011.
Notable alumni
Matt Krause (Class of 1998), Republican member of the Texas House of Representatives, from District 93 in Fort Worth
References
1981 establishments in Texas
Baptist schools in the United States
Christian schools in Texas
Educational institutions established in 1981
Private K-12 schools in Texas
Schools in Bexar County, Texas
High schools in Bexar County, Texas |
New Market is an unincorporated community located within Piscataway in Middlesex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. It was also known historically as Quibbletown, so called because of a dispute as to whether the Sabbath was on Saturday or Sunday.
Columbus Park
The Columbus Park playground with areas for baseball and tennis is located at 250 11th Street. The Columbus Park gazebo area located at the west end on New Market Pond is often used for concerts. The Battle of Quibbletown, fought on February 8, 1777, was commemorated in the park for the 350th anniversary of the township's founding in 2016.
References
External links
Piscataway, New Jersey
Unincorporated communities in Middlesex County, New Jersey
Unincorporated communities in New Jersey |
Jean-Marie Rolland (born 25 September 1950 in Algiers) is a member of the National Assembly of France. He represents the Yonne department, and is a member of the Union for a Popular Movement.
References
1950 births
Living people
Politicians from Algiers
People of French Algeria
Pieds-Noirs
Union for a Popular Movement politicians
Deputies of the 12th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic
Deputies of the 13th National Assembly of the French Fifth Republic |
The bamboo rats are four species of rodents of the subfamily Rhizomyinae. They are the sole living representatives of the tribe Rhizomyini. These species are found in South Asia, Southeast Asia and East Asia.
The species are:
The Chinese bamboo rat, Rhizomys sinensis, found in central and southern China, northern Burma, and Vietnam;
The hoary bamboo rat, R. pruinosus, found from Assam in India to southeastern China and the Malay Peninsula;
The Sumatra, Indomalayan, or large bamboo rat, R. sumatrensis, found in Yunnan in China, Indochina, the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra.
The lesser bamboo rat, Cannomys badius, found in Nepal, Assam, northern Bangladesh, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and northern Vietnam.
Bamboo rats vary in size, from the lesser bamboo rat, which is typically long (head and body: tail length is ), and weighs from , to the Sumatra bamboo rat, which can reach lengths of nearly with a tail, and weighs up to . However, they are all bulky, slow-moving rodents that live and forage in extensive burrow systems and rarely spend much time above ground. They feed on the underground parts of plants. They live at altitudes of and, except for the lesser bamboo rat, feed principally on bamboo and live in dense bamboo thickets. The lesser bamboo rat is more variable in its habitat, living in grassy areas, forests, and sometimes gardens, and eats a wider variety of vegetation.
All bamboo rats are regarded as agricultural pests since they eat the roots of a range of crop plants such as tapioca, sugar cane, and tea bushes, but they are also recognised as valuable food animals.
The bamboo rats are the natural hosts for the disease-causing mold, Talaromyces marneffei, which is endemic in all species in Southeast Asia. In this area, talaromycosis due to the mold is the third most common opportunistic infection in HIV-positive individuals.
References
Spalacidae
Rodents by common name |
A sand flag is a flag designed to be fitted to the front of off-road vehicles during operation on sandy or dusty terrain. It is mounted on a long (usually slender, whiplike) pole that projects high enough from the vehicle to be clearly visible above the dust or sand cloud generated while the vehicle is in motion. The flag indicates the actual position of the vehicle within the cloud which can be important for safety reasons. Similar devices are often seen on vehicles such as sand rails - a small fluorescent triangle flag mounted to the rear of the vehicle, although in that case it also is helpful to allow other vehicles to see its location beyond the crest of a dune. It is similar, although generally larger and taller than, safety flags used by some bicyclists in urban areas, which allow them to be more visible when in front of a tall vehicle, or obscured by an object or vehicle.
References
Vehicle safety technologies |
The Lords of Thannhausen are an old and still existing German noble family with the rank of Freiherr (Baron). They were members of the German nobility and achieved the status of Imperial Knights. Their ancestral seat is in the Swabian municipality of Tannhausen near Ellwangen.
History
During the Carolingian dynasty, the family's Frankish ancestors settled the Nördlinger Ries area in northeastern Alamannia. Their residence Tannhausen (not to be confused with Thannhausen near Günzburg or Thannhausen, Styria) was first mentioned in an 1100 deed. In the Duchy of Swabia, the Thannhausens held large estates and important offices, as documented under the rule of the Hohenstaufen duke Frederick II in 1112 and 1115.
Following the writings of Felix Fabri (1438/39–1502), it is also assumed that the medieval minnesinger and poet Tannhäuser (d. after 1265) was an offspring of this family and that he may be identical with Lupoldus Danhäuser mentioned in a 1246 deed issued by the Franconian counts of Hohenlohe. More likely, however, the poet descended from a de Tanhusen dynasty of Imperial ministeriales from the Bavarian Nordgau.
Family members were also entrusted with public offices in the modern era: in 1552, William of Thannhausen (1518–1596) is documented as a cavalry captain (Hauptmann) in the service of the Hohenzollern margraves of Ansbach, succeeded by his son Hans-Wolf (1555–1635) during the Thirty Years' War. Until 1849, later generations served mainly with the House of Oettingen-Wallerstein. After that, they served the Kings of Württemberg as officers or in forestry, as well as the Princes of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen and the Franconian Bishops of Würzburg. The brothers Frederick and Maximilian of Thannhausen were commanders in the French Grande Armée and were killed in the Napoleonic Wars.
Over the centuries, the family seat was exposed to wars and fires; it burned down in 1567, 1621, and 1649. The castle's current appearance dates from 1767.
References
D.J. Haller and H. Dannenbauer: Von den Karolingern zu den Staufern (Karl Rudolph Schnith, ed.) — Die altdeutsche Kaiserzeit (900–1250), Styria, Graz 1990,
Dieter Kudorfer: "Das Ries zur Karolingerzeit" in Zeitschrift für bayerische Landesgeschichte, 1970
Malte Bischoff: "Archiv der Freiherren von und zu Thannhausen" in Inventare der nichtstaatlichen Archive in Baden-Württemberg, vol. 24, Kohlhammer Verlag, Stuttgart 1998,
Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Freiherrliche Häuser, vol. VIII 1971, Almanach de Gotha
External links
Homepage
"Gutsarchiv Thannhausen", State Archive Ludwigsburg, Tannhausen estate
German noble families |
The Women's Points Race was one of the 9 women's events at the 2009 UCI Track Cycling World Championships, held in Pruszków, Poland
22 Cyclists from 22 countries participated in the contest. Because of the number of entries, there were no qualification rounds for this discipline. Consequently, the event was run direct to the final.
Final
The Final and only race was run on 29 March. The competition consisted on 100 laps, making a total of 25 km with 10 sprints.
Four riders crashed when Belinda Goss of Australia moved up the banking, Aksana Papko of Belarus veered to avoid hitting her rear wheel but high-sided her bicycle, bringing down two other riders in the process, Pascale Jeuland of France and Olga Slyusareva of Russia who had three points and was placed fifth at the time. The American rider Shelley Olds was lucky not to come down also as she was struck by one of the falling riders but managed to keep her balance, although she later crashed when she was moving down the track at speed, clipping the rear wheel of the British rider Elizabeth Armitstead, Armitstead luckily stayed upright to take the bronze medal behind Yumari González of Cuba. Giorgia Bronzini of Italy won the gold medal, having ridden consistently and featured in all but two of the sprints.
Elapsed Time=32:41.800
Average Speed=45.876 km/h
References
Women's points race
UCI Track Cycling World Championships – Women's points race |
The American Indian Federation (AIF) was a political organization that served as "the major voice of Native American criticism of federal Indian policies during the New Deal", specifically from 1934 through the mid-1940s. The AIF was an early Native American effort to influence national policies, and attracted harsh criticism for its affiliation with several extremist groups.
Historian Laurence Hauptman described the AIF as a complex group with three shared principles: "that Commissioner of Indian Affairs John Collier be removed from office; that the Indian Reorganization Act be overturned, and most importantly, that the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) be abolished". On other questions, AIF members had diverse opinions, most notably on the issue of assimilation. AIF President Joseph Bruner, for example, argued for the complete integration of Indians into white society, while one of its strongest writers believed in Indian cultural separation and sovereignty.
Founding
The group was officially founded in Gallup, New Mexico, on August 28, 1934, where organizers drafted a preamble, elected Joseph Bruner president, and passed a resolution calling for Collier's removal. The group also had conventions in Lewiston (Idaho), San Diego, Salt Lake City, and Tulsa. The AIF testified before United States Congressional committees about alleged violations of law by the BIA.
The AIF was composed of members from several other Indian organizations, including the Indian National Confederacy of Oklahoma, the Mission Indian Federation of California, the Intertribal Committee for the Fundamental Advancement of the American Indian, and the Black Hills Treaty Council. Members came from several tribes, including Navajo, Cherokee, Sioux, Iroquois, California, and Lumbee. Prominent members included Alice Lee Jemison, a Seneca journalist and activist; Rupert Costo, a Cahuilla leader and editor of the periodicals Wassaja and Indian Historian, Fred Bauer, Vice-Chief of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians, Elwood Towner, a Hupa attorney, and J. C. Morgan, a missionary for the Christian Reformed Church.
Efforts
In its early years, several members of Congress critical of the BIA encouraged the AIF, including Representatives Alfred Beiter, Virginia Jenckes, Usher L. Burdick, and John S. McGroarty, and Senator Burton K. Wheeler.
The AIF received national attention quickly because of its red-baiting accusations against the BIA and the Department of the Interior, accusing commissioner John Collier and his supporters of being atheist, communist, and supported by the ACLU. Some AIF members also made public anti-black and anti-Semitic comments, and other groups such as the Daughters of the American Revolution and the Silver Shirts of America used the AIF to advance their own causes. In 1938, the Federal Bureau of Investigation put AIF leaders under surveillance, but concluded the AIF was not a subversive organization.
Decline
The AIF ultimately failed to achieve any of the three objectives that unified its members. In April 1939, organization members who valued Indian sovereignty, including Alice Lee Jemison, were infuriated by AIF support for a proposed "Settlement Bill" that would have provided $3,000 to each Native American to settle all Indian claims against the U.S. Some 4,664 AIF members from 34 Indian nations had agreed to this financial arrangement.
After Jemison left the AIF in 1939, the group "was never able to generate the same media attention and quickly lost influence". The AIF continued to exist on paper through 1945, but had lost much of its national support: by 1945, only five of its nineteen leaders lived outside of Oklahoma.
References
Sources
Native American rights organizations
Organizations established in 1934
Organizations disestablished in 1945 |
Motivated forgetting is a theorized psychological behavior in which people may forget unwanted memories, either consciously or unconsciously. It is an example of defence mechanism, since these are unconscious or conscious coping techniques used to reduce anxiety arising from unacceptable or potentially harmful impulses thus it can be a defence mechanism in some ways. Defence mechanisms are not to be confused with conscious coping strategies.
Thought suppression is a method in which people protect themselves by blocking the recall of these anxiety-arousing memories. For example, if something reminds a person of an unpleasant event, their mind may steer towards unrelated topics. This could induce forgetting without being generated by an intention to forget, making it a motivated action. There are two main classes of motivated forgetting: psychological repression is an unconscious act, while thought suppression is a conscious form of excluding thoughts and memories from awareness.
History
Neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot was the first to do research into hysteria as a psychological disorder in the late 19th century. Sigmund Freud, Joseph Breuer, and Pierre Janet continued with the research that Charcot began on hysteria. These three psychologists determined that hysteria was an intense emotional reaction to some form of severe psychological disturbance, and they proposed that incest and other sexual traumas were the most likely cause of hysteria. The treatment that Freud, Breuer, and Pierre agreed upon was named the talking cure and was a method of encouraging patients to recover and discuss their painful memories. During this time, Janet created the term dissociation which is referred to as a lack of integration amongst various memories. He used dissociation to describe the way in which traumatizing memories are stored separately from other memories.
The idea of motivated forgetting began with the philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche in 1894. Nietzsche and Sigmund Freud had similar views on the idea of repression of memories as a form of self-preservation. Nietzsche wrote that man must forget in able to move forward. He stated that this process is active, in that we forget specific events as a defense mechanism.
The publication of Freud's famous paper, "The Aetiology of Hysteria", in 1896 led to much controversy regarding the topic of these traumatic memories. Freud stated that neuroses were caused by repressed sexual memories, which suggested that incest and sexual abuse must be common throughout upper and middle class Europe. The psychological community did not accept Freud's ideas, and years passed without further research on the topic.
It was during World War I and World War II that interest in memory disturbances was piqued again. During this time, many cases of memory loss appeared among war veterans, especially those who had experienced shell shock. Hypnosis and drugs became popular for the treatment of hysteria during the war. The term post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was introduced upon the appearance of similar cases of memory disturbances from veterans of the Korean War. Forgetting, or the inability to recall a portion of a traumatic event, was considered a key factor for the diagnosis of PTSD.
Ann Burgess and Lynda Holmstrom looked into trauma related memory loss in rape victims during the 1970s. This began a large outpouring of stories related to childhood sexual abuse. It took until 1980 to determine that memory loss due to all severe traumas was the same set of processes.
The False Memory Syndrome Foundation (FMSF) was created in 1992 as a response to the large number of memories claimed to be recovered. The FMSF was created to oppose the idea that memories could be recovered using specific techniques; instead, its members believed that the "memories" were actually confabulations created through the inappropriate use of techniques such as hypnosis.
Theories
There are many theories which are related to the process of motivated forgetting.
The main theory, the motivated forgetting theory, suggests that people forget things because they either do not want to remember them or for another particular reason. Painful and disturbing memories are made unconscious and very difficult to retrieve, but still remain in storage. Retrieval Suppression (the ability to utilise inhibitory control to prevent memories from being recalled into consciousness) is one way in which we are able to stop the retrieval of unpleasant memories using cognitive control. This theory was tested by Anderson and Green using the Think/No-Think paradigm.
The decay theory is another theory of forgetting which refers to the loss of memory over time. When information enters memory, neurons are activated. These memories are retained as long as the neurons remain active. Activation can be maintained through rehearsal or frequent recall. If activation is not maintained, the memory trace fades and decays. This usually occurs in short term memory. The decay theory is a controversial topic amongst modern psychologists. Bahrick and Hall disagree with the decay theory. They have claimed that people can remember algebra they learnt from school even years later. A refresher course brought their skill back to a high standard relatively quick. These findings suggest that there may be more to the theory of trace decay in human memory.
Another theory of motivated forgetting is interference theory, which posits that subsequent learning can interfere with and degrade a person's memories. This theory was tested by giving participants ten nonsense syllables. Some of the participants then slept after viewing the syllables, while the other participants carried on their day as usual. The results of this experiment showed that people who stayed awake had a poor recall of the syllables, while the sleeping participants remembered the syllables better. This could have occurred due to the fact that the sleeping subjects had no interference during the experiment, while the other subjects did. There are two types of interference; proactive interference and retroactive interference. Proactive interference occurs when you are unable to learn a new task due to the interference of an old task that has already been learned. Research has been done to show that students who study similar subjects at the same time often experience interference. Retroactive interference occurs when you forget a previously learnt task due to the learning of a new task.
The Gestalt theory of forgetting, created by Gestalt psychology, suggests that memories are forgotten through distortion. This is also called false memory syndrome. This theory states that when memories lack detail, other information is put in to make the memory a whole. This leads to the incorrect recall of memories.
Criticisms
The term recovered memory, also known in some cases as a false memory, refers to the theory that some memories can be repressed by an individual and then later recovered. Recovered memories are often used as evidence in a case where the defendant is accused of either sexual or some other form of child abuse, and recently recovered a repressed memory of the abuse. This has created much controversy, and as the use of this form of evidence rises in the courts, the question has arisen as to whether or not recovered memories actually exist. In an effort to determine the factuality of false memories, several laboratories have developed paradigms in order to test whether or not false repressed memories could be purposefully implanted within a subject. As a result, the verbal paradigm was developed. This paradigm dictates that if someone is presented a number of words associated with a single non-presented word, then they are likely to falsely remember that word as presented.
Similar to the verbal paradigm is fuzzy-trace theory, which dictates that one encodes two separate things about a memory: the actual information itself and the semantic information surrounding it (or the gist). If we are given a series of semantic information surrounding a false event, such as time and location, then we are more likely to falsely remember an event as occurring. Tied to that is Source Monitoring Theory, which, among other things, dictates that emotionally salient events tend to increase the power of the memory that forms from said event. Emotion also weakens our ability to remember the source from the event. Source monitoring is centralized to the anterior cingulate cortex.
Repressed memory therapy has come under heavy criticism as it is said that it follows very similar techniques that are used to purposefully implant a memory in an adult. These include: asking questions on the gist of an event, creating imagery about said gist, and attempting to discover the event from there. This, when compounded with the fact that most repressed memories are emotionally salient, the likelihood of source confusion is high. One might assume that a child abuse case one heard about actually happened to one, remembering it with the imagery established through the therapy.
Repression
The idea of psychological repression was developed in 1915 as an automatic defensive mechanism based on Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic model in which people subconsciously push unpleasant or intolerable thoughts and feelings into their unconscious.
When situations or memories occur that we are unable to cope with, we push them away. It is a primary ego defence mechanism that many psychotherapists readily accept. There have been numerous studies which have supported the psychoanalytic theory that states that murder, childhood trauma and sexual abuse can be repressed for a period of time and then recovered in therapy.
Repressed memories can influence behavior unconsciously, manifesting themselves in our discussions, dreams, and emotional reactions. An example of repression would include a child who is abused by a parent, who later has no recollection of the events, but has trouble forming relationships. Freud suggested psychoanalysis as a treatment method for repressed memories. The goal of treatment was to bring repressed memories, fears and thoughts back to the conscious level of awareness.
Suppression
Thought suppression is referred to as the conscious and deliberate efforts to curtail one's thoughts and memories. Suppression is goal-directed and it includes conscious strategies to forget, such as intentional context shifts. For example, if someone is thinking of unpleasant thoughts, ideas that are inappropriate at the moment, or images that may instigate unwanted behaviors, they may try to think of anything else but the unwanted thought in order to push the thought out of consciousness.
In order to suppress a thought, one must (a) plan to suppress the thought and (b) carry out that plan by suppressing all other manifestations of the thought, including the original plan. Thought suppression seems to entail a state of knowing and not knowing all at once. It can be assumed that thought suppression is a difficult and even time consuming task. Even when thoughts are suppressed, they can return to consciousness with minimal prompting. This is why suppression has also been associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Directed forgetting
Suppression encompasses the term directed forgetting, also known as intentional forgetting. This term refers to forgetting which is initiated by a conscious goal to forget. Intentional forgetting is important at the individual level: suppressing an unpleasant memory of a trauma or a loss that is particularly painful.
The directed forgetting paradigm is a psychological term meaning that information can be forgotten upon instruction. There are two methods of the directed forgetting paradigm: item method and list method. In both methods, the participants are instructed to forget some items, the to-be-forgotten items and remember some items, the to-be-remembered items.
In the item method of directed forgetting, participants are presented with a series of random to-be-remembered and to-be-forgotten items. After each item an instruction is given to the participant to either remember it, or forget it. After the study phase, when participants are told to remember or to forget subsets of the items, the participants are given a test of all the words presented. The participants were unaware that they would be tested on the to-be-forgotten items. The recall for the to-be-forgotten words are often significantly impaired compared to the to-be-remembered words. The directed forgetting effect has also been demonstrated on recognition tests. For this reason researchers believe that the item method affects episodic encoding.
In the list method procedure, the instructions to forget are given only after half of the list has been presented. These instructions are given once in the middle of the list, and once at the end of the list. The participants are told that the first list they had to study was just a practice list, and to focus their attention on the upcoming list. After the participants have conducted the study phase for the first list, a second list is presented. A final test is then given, sometimes for only the first list and other times for both lists. The participants are asked to remember all the words they studied. When participants are told they are able to forget the first list, they remember less in this list and remember more in the second list. List method directed forgetting demonstrates the ability to intentionally reduce memory retrieval. To support this theory, researchers did an experiment in which they asked participants to record 2 unique events that happened to them each day over a 5-day period in a journal. After these five days, the participants were asked to either remember or forget the events on these days. They were then asked to repeat the process for another five days, after which they were told to remember all the events in both weeks, regardless of earlier instructions. The participants that were part of the forget group had had worse recall for the first week compared to the second week.
There are two theories that can explain directed forgetting: retrieval inhibition hypothesis and context shift hypothesis.
The Retrieval Inhibition Hypothesis states that the instruction to forget the first list hinders memory of the list-one items. This hypothesis suggests that directed forgetting only reduces the retrieval of the unwanted memories, not causing permanent damage. If we intentionally forget items, they are difficult to recall but are recognized if the items are presented again.
The Context Shift Hypothesis suggests that the instructions to forget mentally separate the to-be-forgotten items. They are put into a different context from the second list. The subject's mental context changes between the first and second list, but the context from the second list remains. This impairs the recall ability for the first list.
Psychogenic amnesia
Motivated forgetting encompasses the term psychogenic amnesia which refers to the inability to remember past experiences of personal information, due to psychological factors rather than biological dysfunction or brain damage
Psychogenic amnesia is not part of Freud's theoretical framework. The memories still exist buried deeply in the mind, but could be resurfaced at any time on their own or from being exposed to a trigger in the person's surroundings. Psychogenic amnesia is generally found in cases where there is a profound and surprising forgetting of chunks of one's personal life, whereas motivated forgetting includes more day-to-day examples in which people forget unpleasant memories in a way that would not call for clinical evaluation.
Psychogenic fugue
Psychogenic fugue, a form of psychogenic amnesia, is a DSM-IV Dissociative Disorder in which people forget their personal history, including who they are, for a period of hours to days following a trauma. A history of depression as well as stress, anxiety or head injury could lead to fugue states. When the person recovers they are able to remember their personal history, but they have amnesia for the events that took place during the fugue state.
Neurobiology
Motivated forgetting occurs as a result of activity that occurs within the prefrontal cortex. This was discovered by testing subjects while taking a functional MRI of their brain. The prefrontal cortex is made up of the anterior cingulate cortex, the intraparietal sulcus, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. These areas are also associated with stopping unwanted actions, which confirms the hypothesis that the suppression of unwanted memories and actions follow a similar inhibitory process. These regions are also known to have executive functions within the brain.
The anterior cingulate cortex has functions linked to motivation and emotion. The intraparietal sulcus possesses functions that include coordination between perception and motor activities, visual attention, symbolic numerical processing, visuospatial working memory, and determining the intent in the actions of other organisms. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex plans complex cognitive activities and processes decision making.
The other key brain structure involved in motivated forgetting is the hippocampus, which is responsible for the formation and recollection of memories. When the process of motivated forgetting is engaged, meaning that we actively attempt to suppress our unwanted memories, the prefrontal cortex exhibits higher activity than baseline, while suppressing hippocampal activity at the same time. It has been proposed that the executive areas which control motivation and decision-making lessen the functioning of the hippocampus in order to stop the recollection of the selected memories that the subject has been motivated to forget.
Examples
War
Motivated forgetting has been a crucial aspect of psychological study relating to such traumatizing experiences as rape, torture, war, natural disasters, and homicide. Some of the earliest documented cases of memory suppression and repression relate to veterans of the Second World War. The number of cases of motivated forgetting was high during war times, mainly due to factors associated with the difficulties of trench life, injury, and shell shock. At the time that many of these cases were documented, there were limited medical resources to deal with many of these soldiers' mental well-being. There was also a weaker understanding of the aspects of memory suppression and repression.
Case of a soldier (1917)
The repression of memories was the prescribed treatment by many doctors and psychiatrists, and was deemed effective for the management of these memories. Unfortunately, many soldiers' traumas were much too vivid and intense to be dealt with in this manner, as described in the journal of Dr. Rivers. One soldier, who entered the hospital after losing consciousness due to a shell explosion, is described as having a generally pleasant demeanor. This was disrupted by his sudden onsets of depression occurring approximately every 10 days. This intense depression, leading to suicidal feelings, rendered him unfit to return to war. It soon became apparent that these symptoms were due to the patient's repressed thoughts and apprehensions about returning to war. Dr. Smith suggested that this patient face his thoughts and allow himself to deal with his feelings and anxieties. Although this caused the soldier to take on a significantly less cheery state, he only experienced one more minor bout of depression.
Abuse
Many cases of motivated forgetting have been reported in regards to recovered memories of childhood abuse. Many cases of abuse, particularly those performed by relatives or figures of authority, can lead to memory suppression and repression of varying amounts of time. One study indicates that 31% of abuse victims were aware of at least some forgetting of their abuse and a collaboration of seven studies has shown that one eighth to one quarter of abuse victims have periods of complete unawareness (amnesia) of the incident or series of events. There are many factors associated with forgetting abuse including: younger age at onset, threats/intense emotions, more types of abuse, and increased number of abusers. Cued recovery has been shown in 90% of cases, usually with one specific event triggering the memory. For example, the return of incest memories have been shown to be brought on by television programs about incest, the death of the perpetrator, the abuse of the subject's own child, and seeing the site of abuse. In a study by Herman and Schatzow, confirming evidence was found for the same proportion of individuals with continuous memories of abuse as those individuals who had recovered memories. 74% of cases from each group were confirmed. Cases of Mary de Vries and Claudia show examples of confirmed recovered memories of sexual abuse.
Legal controversy
Motivated forgetting and repressed memories have become a very controversial issue within the court system. Courts are currently dealing with historical cases, in particular a relatively new phenomenon known as historic child sexual abuse (HCSA). HCSA refers to allegations of child abuse having occurred several years prior to the time at which they are being prosecuted.
Unlike most American states, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand have no statute of limitations to limit the prosecution of historical offenses. Therefore, legal decision-makers in each case need to evaluate the credibility of allegations that may go back many years. It is nearly impossible to provide evidence for many of these historical abuse cases. It is therefore extremely important to consider the credibility of the witness and accused in making a decision regarding guiltiness of the defendant.
One of the main arguments against the credibility of historical allegations, involving the retrieval of repressed memories, is found in false memory syndrome. False memory syndrome claims that through therapy and the use of suggestive techniques, clients mistakenly come to believe that they were sexually abused as children.
In the United States, the statute of limitations requires that legal action be taken within three to five years of the incident of interest. Exceptions are made for minors, where the child has until they reach eighteen years of age.
There are many factors related to the age at which child abuse cases may be presented. These include bribes, threats, dependency on the abuser, and ignorance of the child to their state of harm. All of these factors may lead a person, who has been harmed, to require more time to present their case. As well as seen in the case below of Jane Doe and Jane Roe, time may be required if memories of the abuse have been repressed or suppressed. In 1981, the statute was adjusted to make exceptions for those individuals who were not consciously aware that their situation was harmful. This rule was called the discovery rule. This rule is to be used by the court as deemed necessary by the Judge of that case.
Psychogenic amnesia
Severe cases of trauma may lead to psychogenic amnesia, or the loss of all memories occurring around the event.
See also
Cognitive dissonance
Emotional memory
Motivated reasoning
The Courage to Heal
References
Memory
Memory disorders |
Pseudosimnia nudelmani is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ovulidae, the ovulids, cowry allies or false cowries.
Description
The length of the shell attains 8.3 mm.
Distribution
The marine species occurs in the Indian Ocean off Réunion.
References
Lorenz F. & Fehse D. (2009) The living Ovulidae. A manual of the families of allied cowries: Ovulidae, Pediculariidae and Eocypraeidae. Hackenheim: Conchbooks.
Ovulidae
Gastropods described in 2009 |
Three Wooden Crosses: The Inspirational Hits of Randy Travis is a compilation album by Randy Travis. Released in March 2009 by Word/Curb/Warner Bros., the album contains some of Travis' most popular gospel songs.
Track listing
"Three Wooden Crosses" (Kim Williams and Doug Johnson) – 3:22
"Four Walls" (Don Rollins, Harry Stinson and D. Vincent Williams) – 3:43
"Angels" (Harvey McNalley, Buck Moore and Troy Seals) – 3:46
"Just a Closer Walk with Thee" (Traditional) – 4:38
"In the Garden" (Charles Austin Miles) – 3:21
"Faith in You" (Tom Douglas, Joe Henry and Matt Rollins) – 3:48
"Love Lifted Me" (James Rowe and Howard E. Smith) – 3:11
"Blessed Assurance" (Fanny Crosby and Phoebe P. Knapp) – 3:28
"Softly and Tenderly" (Will L. Thompson) – 3:19
"Raise Him Up" (Robert Wilson Royer and Melvern Rivers Rutherford II) – 4:03
"He's My Rock, My Sword, My Shield" (Public Domain) – 2:30
"Sweet By and By" (Joseph P. Webster and S. Fillmore Bennett) – 2:27
"Everywhere We Go" (Michael Curtis and Randy Travis) – 2:31
"Rise and Shine" (Michael Curtis and Randy Travis) – 3:03
"Were You There?" (Unknown author) – 3:52
"He's Got the Whole World in His Hands" (Traditional) – 2:19
"Shall We Gather at the River?" (Robert Lowry) – 3:15
"Pray for the Fish" (Phillip Moore, Dan Murph and Ray Scott) – 3:01
"Swing Down Sweet Chariot" (Traditional) – 3:13
"Will the Circle Be Unbroken?" (Ada R. Habershon and Charles H. Gabriel) – 3:07
Chart performance
References
2009 greatest hits albums
Randy Travis compilation albums
Warner Records compilation albums
Albums produced by Kyle Lehning |
Karl Kreutzberg (15 February 1912 – 13 August 1977) was a German field handball player who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.
He was part of the German field handball team, which won the gold medal. He played two matches including the final as goalkeeper.
After the war he lived in Düren/Nordrhein-Westfalen.
References
profile
1912 births
1977 deaths
German male handball players
Olympic handball players for Germany
Field handball players at the 1936 Summer Olympics
Olympic gold medalists for Germany
Olympic medalists in handball
Medalists at the 1936 Summer Olympics |
Tess is a Spanish pop band. They first appeared in 2000 in the youth series Al salir de clase. Originally the group was formed by members Elsa Pinilla, Laura Pinto and Úrsula Sebastián. However, in 2002 Úrsula left the band soon afterwards, originally saying that she wished to release her own album. Rosa López-Francos was announced as Úrsula's replacement, and the trio released two more studio albums. In 2005 they announced their official split, instead pursuing solo careers in music and cinema. In 2016, the band reunited but this time, without Elsa Pinilla who insisted to reunite without her as she would want to focus on her acting career and as well as pursue canine training.
Discography
Albums
(2000) A nuestra edad (Gold record)(Columbia/Sony Music)
(2002) Quiero ser yo (Jive/BMG)
(2004) Amor libre (WEA/Warner Music)
Singles
(2000) "De carne y hueso"
(2001) "Caramelos picantes"
(2001) "Cuando te enamoras"
(2002) "Quiero ser yo"
(2002) "Todo es mentira"
(2003) "En secreto"
(2004) "Amor libre"
(2004) "Maldita canción"
References
External links
Elsa Pinilla Official Website
Rosa López-Francos Official Website
Spanish musical groups
Spanish girl groups
Musical groups established in 2000
Musical groups disestablished in 2005 |
The Republic of China Army Band () is a musical unit of the Republic of China Army used for state ceremonies and public duties, serving as one of the oldest and seniormost military bands in the Chinese National Armed Forces, being the second to the Symphonic Band of the Ministry of National Defense of the ROC. The band was founded on April 16, 1950 as a result of the reorganization of the Army Command on the basis of prior ensembles.
It is the main band that marches at official ceremonies and receptions for the high-ranking officials who recognize the Republic of China government that visit Taipei, which includes heads of state, heads of government, and diplomatic delegations. One of the band's main appearances is at the Double Ten Parade in October as part of the combined ROCAF massed bands. The army band, like other Taiwanese military bands are inspired by American and German military band traditions, with a notable aspect being the use of a whistle for commands, a tradition only found in United States military bands. The military band starks in contrast to the People's Liberation Army Band, which was also influenced in German and most of the Soviet/Russian traditions.
See also
Central Military Band of the People's Liberation Army of China
People's Liberation Army Navy Band
Hong Kong Police Band
People's Armed Police Band
Beijing Garrison Honor Guard Battalion
References
Military bands
Republic of China Army
1950 establishments in Taiwan
1950 establishments in China
Military units and formations established in 1950
Musical groups established in 1950 |
Vera () is a village in Trpinja Municipality in eastern Croatia. The village is the northernmost settlement of the Vukovar-Syrmia County.
Name
The villages of Trpinja, Bobota and Vera share a common legend about the origin of their names. According to the legend, the ancestors of today's inhabitants of villages, who settled at the time of the Great Serb Migrations under Arsenije III Čarnojević, were called Bobe. They were fleeing from the Ottoman Empire conquests of Balkan as they wanted to preserve their religious freedom.
This legendary religious commitment and orthodoxy was coined in the local phrase Bobe endured for the faith or originally in Serbian Bobe trpiše za veru. The family name of 'Bobe' was used as the basis for the name of Bobota, the word 'endured' ( the name of Trpinja was created and from the word of faith (Serbian: ) the name of Vera was coined.
Geography
Area of Vera and neighboring Trpinja and Bobota have the lowest elevation among the villages north of the Vuka River within their country.
History
The first written mention of the village of "Were" comes from 1400 with subsequent references in 1443, 1460 and 1482. The settlement was conquered by the Ottoman Empire in 1526 after the fall of Vukovar and it was liberated in 1687 after more than 150 years of Ottoman rule.
After the Treaty of Karlowitz the village became a part of Vukovar estate. The village was initially owned by the Kuffstein family, then from 1736 by the Eltz family who will build their Eltz Manor in Vukovar as a center of the estate. The village appeared under the name of Vera in János Lipszky's Repertorium published in Buda in 1808. Lajos Nagy's work published in 1829 states that there was 90 houses, with 22 Roman Catholic and 698 Eastern Orthodox inhabitants in the village.
Up until the mid-19th century area of Vera was a part of much larger Palača Swamplands. After the completion of Bobota Canal surrounding areas were transformed into agricultural lands. From 27 December 1920 (when they arrived in Vukovar) soldiers and families of the White Russian émigrés who were followers of Pyotr Wrangel settled in Bobota, Pačetin, Bršadin, Trpinja and Vera.
Languages
Serbian language
Serbian Language and Serbian Cyrillic alphabet is the second official language in most of the villages of the Municipality of Trpinja (except Ćelije) alongside the Croatian language which is official at the national level. Both Serbian and Croatian language are standardized varieties of the pluricentric Serbo-Croatian language. According to the Municipal Statute, individuals who are members of the Serbian national minority are ensured the freedom of expression of national belonging and freedom to use their language and script in public and private use on the whole territory of the Municipality including the village of Vera. The statute guarantees that the Serbian Cyrillic alphabet will be used in the same font size as the Latin alphabet in the text of the local seals and stamps, on official plates of public representatives, executive and administrative bodies, as well as on those of legal persons with public authorities.
According to the municipal Statute, bilingual signs of the same font are used for written traffic signs and other written traffic markings, street and squares names and names of settlement and geographical localities on the entire territory of the Municipality. Equal public use of Serbian language is required on the basis of the Constitutional Act on the Rights of National Minorities in the Republic of Croatia and relevant national laws and the country is a party to the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages.
Education
Branch school of the Elementary School Bobota is located in Vera. Education at the local schools is carried out in Serbian similarly to many other schools in eastern Croatia since the days of peaceful reintegration of the region completed in 1998. The first school in Vera was opened in 1789.
Sports
NK Hajduk Vera, football club
Gallery
See also
Trpinja municipality
References
Sources
Populated places in Vukovar-Syrmia County
Populated places in Syrmia
Joint Council of Municipalities
Serb communities in Croatia |
Demolition High is a 1996 direct-to-video American action film directed by Jim Wynorsky, and starring Corey Haim, Alan Thicke, and Dick Van Patten.
Plot
A group of terrorists led by Luther take over a high school. Whilst outside, authorities work to negotiate with the terrorists, a group of students lead a revolt in order to prevent a disaster, led by Lenny Slater.
Cast
Corey Haim as Lenny Slater
Alan Thicke as Slater
Dick Van Patten as General Wainwright
Melissa Brasselle as Tanya
Jeff Kober as Luther
Stacie Randall as Dugan
Production
Wynorski later recalled "Corey Haim was a nice kid who was totally fucked up in the head. You could see the path he was going down even then. I wish I could have turned him around. But I had to have a paid babysitter with him all the time. Believe it or not, he had to have a babysitter. The kid was in his early 20s and still didn’t have it figured out yet."
Sequel
In 1997, the sequel Demolition University was released with Haim reprising his role as Lenny and Ami Dolenz as Jenny.
References
External links
1996 direct-to-video films
1996 films
1996 action films
American action films
Direct-to-video action films
1990s English-language films
Films directed by Jim Wynorski
Films scored by Kevin Kiner
Films shot in Los Angeles
American teen films
Films about terrorism
1990s American films |
Sofron may refer to:
Sofron Mudry, Ukrainian Bishop of the Ukrainian Catholic Church
Sofron Dmyterko, Ukrainian Bishop of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
István Sofron, Hungarian professional ice hockey player
See also
Sofronije
Sofronie
Sofronia
Sophronia (disambiguation)
Sophronius (disambiguation) |
Valea Poienilor River may refer to:
Valea Poienilor, a tributary of the Botiza in Maramureș County, Romania
Valea Poienilor River (Siret), in Botoșani County, Romania |
Raffaele Russo (born 25 February 1999) is an Italian football player who plays as a forward for club Avellino.
Club career
Napoli
Born in Capua, Russo was a youth exponent of Napoli.
Loan to Albissola
On 21 July 2018, Russo was signed by Serie C side Albissola on a season-long loan deal. On 19 September he made his professional debut in Serie C for Albissola as a substitute replacing Amir Mahrous in the 71st minute of a 3–2 home defeat against Olbia. On 21 October he played his first match as a starter for Albissola, a 2–0 away defeat against Arezzo, he was replaced by Guido Bennati in the 90th minute. One week later he played his first entire match, a 1–1 home draw against Pro Patria. On 30 March, Russo was sent-off with a red card, as a substitute, in the 95th minute of a 1–0 home defeat against Pisa. Russo ended his loan to Albissola with 22 appearances, including 7 as a starter, and 2 assists.
Loan to Pro Vercelli and Rieti
After extended his contract for another year of contract, plus two more optionable, on 14 August 2019, Russo was loaned to Serie C club Pro Vercelli on a season-long loan deal. Two weeks later, on 25 August, Russo made his debut for the club as a substitute replacing Matteo Della Morte in the 71st minute of a 2–0 home win over Pianese. However, in January 2020, his loan was terminated by Pro Vercelli and he returned to Napoli leaving the club with only 9 appearances in the league (all as substitute), he also remained an unused substitute for other 6 matches during the loan.
On 9 January 2020, Russo was signed by Serie C side Rieti on a 6-month loan deal. Two days later, on 11 January he made his debut for the club as a substitute replacing Pasquale De Sarlo in the 62nd minute of a 1–0 home defeat against Picerno. One week later, on 19 January, he played his first entire match for Rieti, a 5–2 away defeat against Bari. On 26 January he scored his first professional goal for Rieti in the 60th minute of a 1–0 home win over Casertana. Russo ended his loan to Rieti with 9 appearances, 1 goal and 1 assist, however Rieti was relegated in Serie D.
Loan to Grosseto
On 24 September 2020, he joined newly promoted Serie C club Grosseto. Three days later, on 27 September he made his debut for the club as a substitute replacing Filippo Moscati in the 75th minute of a 2–0 away win over Piacenza. On 11 October, Russo played his first match as a starter for Grosseto, a 2–1 away win over Pergolettese, he was replaced by Filippo Boccardi after 54 minutes. On 28 March 2021, Russo played his first entire match for the club, a 1–0 away defeat against Novara. On 25 April he was sent-off with a double yellow card in the 42nd minute of a 1–0 away win over Pistoiese. Russo ended his season-long loan to Grosseto with 28 appearances, only 7 of them as a starter, and 1 assist, he also helped the club to reach the play-off, however the club was eliminated by AlbinoLeffe in the second round.
Avellino
On 11 July 2022, Russo signed a two-year contract with Avellino.
Career statistics
Club
References
External links
1999 births
Living people
People from Capua
Italian men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
Serie C players
SSC Napoli players
Albissola 2010 players
FC Pro Vercelli 1892 players
FC Rieti players
US Grosseto 1912 players
ACR Messina players
US Avellino 1912 players
Footballers from the Province of Caserta |
Alenane is a village in Ancuabe District in Cabo Delgado Province in northeastern Mozambique.
References
External links
Satellite map at Maplandia.com
Populated places in Ancuabe District |
The Meenkulathi Temple is located in Pallassena, a village in southern India.
Origins
Meenkulathikkavu is the oldest temple in Pallasena. Tradition has it that centuries ago three families belonging to the Veerasaiva Mannadiar clan worshipped the goddess Meenakshi as their deity. An acute drought in Chidambaram (Tamil Nadu) drove them to seek greener pastures. One of them took a stone from there along with their other possessions. Worshipping their stone as their friend, philosopher and guide, they trekked to several places before reaching Pallasena. Enchanted by the forests surrounding the villages they settled there and prospered in the diamond trade. Whenever they went on business, they offered their customary prayers to the family deity. An aged member of their clan went for his customary bath before leaving on a trip home. He left his valuables and a palm leaf umbrella in the care of two youths. When he came back, he was shocked when he could not lift the things he had left with the youths. An astrologer said that Meenakshi had manifested herself under the umbrella and that was why it could not be moved. Huge crowds came there to witness the miracle. The place came to be known as Kudamannu.
The present Meenakshi temple and the adjacent temple tank were constructed over the next four centuries. A Thirumandiram was written as a testimony to the event. The Mannadiar clan has grown into 110 manais (veedus) . They conduct Navarathri, Pongal and Bhairava festivals.
Buildings
The structure is built in the Tamilnadu style. It is constructed in such a way that the shadow of the wall never falls on the ground. There are two entrances, one in the north and the other in the west. The temple tank is next to the western entrance.
Crossing the Dwajasthambam made of teakwood and covered with copper. The garbhagriha contains a large idol of Meenakshi Amman. Devotees are not allowed to wander around the garbhagriha. Around the main idol, the saptha maathas (several female deities - Brahmi, Maheswari, Kaumari, Vaishnavai, Indrani, Chamundi and Varahi) are installed. There are separate shrines for Ganapathi, Veerabhadra, Durga, Shiva, Bhairava, Brahma Rakshasas and Ayyappa. In the adjacent hill called Vamala there are shrines for Muruga, Ganapathi, Siva, and Shasta.
Events
Navarathri, Karthigai, Mandala Vilakku, Maasi Thiruvizha, Pallivettai and Bhairava Pooja are the most celebrated events in the temple. The eight-day maasi festival includes Ottamthullal and Kathakali programs depicting scenes from the Ramayana and Mahabharata. It is customary that the deity's sword and lamp are taken in procession by the descendants of the youths who stood guard over the valuables and the palm leaf umbrella.
Though the Mannadiar clan is given a privileged place in the activities of the temple, members of the entire community participate in the conduct of the temple festivals. The unique structure of the temple and its mode of worship have gained immense popularity among the natives of the village. Devotees firmly believe that the bath in the tank (known for its abundant fish) rids one of all chronic ailments.
See also
Temples of Kerala
References
External links
http://meenkulathitemple.in/
Hindu temples in Palakkad district
Bhagavathi temples in Kerala |
Les Santes is the largest festival in the city of Mataró, Spain. It is celebrated every year from the 25th to the 29th of July. The festivities include comedy shows, live music, fireworks and typical features present in catalan festivals, such as correfocs and "gegants" (meaning gigants).
In 2010 it obtained the recognition of "Heritage Festival of National Interest" by the Government of Catalonia.
External links
Official website
Les Santes website
References
Maresme
Santes |
Bosyginskaya () is a rural locality (a village) in Nizhnekuloyskoye Rural Settlement, Verkhovazhsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 26 as of 2002. There are 2 streets.
Geography
Bosyginskaya is located 40 km east of Verkhovazhye (the district's administrative centre) by road. Orekhovskaya is the nearest rural locality.
References
Rural localities in Verkhovazhsky District |
Sun Bingwen (; 1885–1927) was a Chinese Communist revolutionary who was executed by the Kuomintang during the Shanghai massacre.
Biography
Sun Bingwen was born in a merchant family, the ninth of eleven children of his father Sun Buzhen. In 1908, he was admitted to the English class of the prep school of the Imperial University of Peking. Sun joined the Tongmenghui in 1911, and served as the editor-in-chief of the Republic of China Daily. After the Xinhai Revolution of 1911, he was admitted to Peking University. He met Zhu De in 1917, and served as chief of staff of a brigade. In September 1922, he and Zhu De went to study in Germany and in November of the same year, he joined the Chinese Communist Party in Berlin.
In April 1927, he became the General Affairs and Military Director of the Military Committee of the National Government. He was arrested and executed by the Kuomintang in Longhua, Shanghai during the Shanghai massacre of 1927. After his death, his daughter Sun Weishi was adopted by Zhou Enlai, later Premier of China.
References
1885 births
1927 deaths
Chinese communists
People executed by the Republic of China
National University of Peking alumni
Imperial University of Peking alumni |
Eljon Sota (born 24 June 1998) is an Albanian footballer who plays as a defender for Partizani in the Kategoria Superiore.
References
1998 births
Living people
FK Apolonia Fier players
Kategoria e Parë players
Kategoria Superiore players
Albanian men's footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Men's association football forwards
Men's association football wingers |
is a tactical role-playing game developed by Namco for the PlayStation 2. A pseudo-sequel to the 2-dimensional RPG Seven: Cavalry Troop of Molmorth, it takes place in the same fantasy world. Venus & Braves includes both a single player mode and multiplayer PlayStation Network battles. The game's plot revolves around an immortal warrior named Blood Boal who is sent by a goddess to save the world from destruction in a hundred years' time. The story itself takes place during the ensuing century and beyond. The game was released exclusively in Japan on February 13, 2003.
Gameplay
Venus & Braves uses a "Rotation Battle System" in which seven characters are placed on a 4 block by 3 block isometric grid, and fight enemies in a similar pattern on the opposite grid. The abilities of characters are geared towards different rows; some may attack from the back row, while others may heal ally characters in the same row. Battle takes place automatically, with the player deciding whether to send the front row to the back at the end of the turn, thus "rotating" the field. As the field is rotated, the second row is sent to the front lines, and so on. If a character dies, they are permanently removed from the game.
The effectiveness of a character is determined by a number of stats, including an "assistance" attribute for attack and defense, and recovery attributes that affect the speed of a unit's healing and allow them to heal allies. There are over 50 individual unit types and 17 unit categories, and certain combinations of characters possess special abilities.
Weapons can become stronger if they are continuously used by a certain character. These weapons retain their power if they are bequeathed to a younger party member and not merely removed from their previous user.
Plot
Characters
Venus & Braves revolves around Blood Boal, who, while having the appearance of a pale 18-year-old, is actually 345 years old, having been given immortality by the goddess Aria after an important battle. While previously a bloodthirsty warrior, Blood settles down into a more peaceful life before the start of the game. Aria, who travels with Blood as a fellow immortal, has full knowledge of his past and has trouble relating with humans. A witch named Vivid, who obtained immortality through similar circumstances, also has a mysterious grudge towards Blood. Throughout the game, other characters die due to the passage of time, and their age is a key statistic for discerning whether a character is at their peak performance level.
Setting
Venus & Braves is set in the same fictional world as its spiritual predecessor, Seven. The game begins in the town of Barakway, where Blood is the leader of a group of bandits. After the town is attacked, he sets out on his journey.
Development
The development title for Venus & Braves was "Project Venus".
Remake
The PlayStation Portable version of the game was released on January 20, 2011.
The remake feature cameos from characters of Namco Bandai's RPG - the Tales series, including: Colette Brunel (Tales of Symphonia), Cless Albein, Suzu Fujibayashi, and Mint Adnade (Tales of Phantasia), Tear Grants, Luke fon Fabre, and Natalia Luzu Kimlasca-Lanvaldear (Tales of the Abyss), Phillia Felice and Leon Magnus (Tales of Destiny), Yuri Lowell (Tales of Vesperia), Asbel Lhant and Sophie (Tales of Graces) and Kyle Dunamis (Tales of Destiny 2). KOS-MOS of the Xenosaga series also appears as a cameo.
Reception
IGN called the battle system of Venus & Braves "complex and enjoyable", with "an intriguing storyline" supplementing the element of strategy in character formations. The game's artwork and sound were generally praised, with IGN calling the visuals "top-tier".
Notes
References
External links
2003 video games
Namco games
PlayStation 2 games
PlayStation Portable games
Japan-exclusive video games
Tactical role-playing video games
Video games developed in Japan |
Kidsgrove Town Hall is a municipal building in Liverpool Road in Kidsgrove, Staffordshire, England. The building, which is the meeting place of Kidsgrove Town Council, is locally listed.
History
Following significant population growth, largely associated with the mining industry, the area became an urban district in 1894. The newly-formed Kidsgrove Urban District Council decided to commission public offices as part of the celebrations for the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria in 1897. The site was donated by the local member of parliament, James Heath, and his family and foundation stones were laid by Heath and a former chairman of the council, John Smith, on 22 April 1897. The new building was designed by Absalom Reade Wood from the local firm of architects, Wood and Hutchings, in the Victorian style, built in red brick with stone dressings at a cost of £2,250 and was completed in 1898.
The design involved a symmetrical main frontage with nine bays facing onto Liverpool Road; the central section of three bays, which slightly projected forward, featured a segmental doorway with an architrave and five keystones surmounted by an ornate panel bearing a crown, the year, 1897, and the inscription "Victoria Hall". There was a Diocletian window on the first floor and both the doorway and the Diocletian window were flanked by tripartite windows with the parts separated by small Doric order columns. The section was surmounted by an open modillioned pediment and flanked by three-bay single-storey wings fenestrated by casement windows. Behind and to the left of the central section was a clock tower with a pyramid-shaped roof, containing a clock by Smiths of Derby. Internally, the principal room was the main hall, which was named the "Victoria Hall" and equipped with a balcony; there was also a library, a reading room and a mortuary. The architectural historian, Nikolaus Pevsner, liked the design and called it "quite a progressive building".
The town hall was the venue for a ceremony at which two local colliery workers, Paling Baker and Harry Wilson, were presented with the Order of Industrial Heroism for lifesaving at Harriseahead Colliery, in February 1925. The structure was extended to the north west to create additional offices for the council in 1934, and the leader of the Labour Party and future Prime Minister, Clement Attlee, visited the town hall in 1937. The building continued to serve as the headquarters of the urban district council for much of the 20th century, but ceased to be local seat of government when the enlarged Newcastle-under-Lyme Borough Council was formed in 1974. The building instead became the meeting place of Kidsgrove Town Council. In 1976, Donald Neilson, who had been accused of the kidnapping and murder of Lesley Whittle, was committed for trial in the town hall.
An extensive programme of refurbishment works, which included the replacement of the clock faces and the roof, was carried out to a design by Tarpey Woodfine and was completed in 2007. In March 2012, in accordance with commitments previously made to the town council, Newcastle-under-Lyme Borough Council offered to rationalise ownership of the building with the Victoria Hall being assigned to the town council and the rest of the town hall complex being retained by Newcastle-under-Lyme Borough Council: the change in ownership was formally registered with HM Land Registry in April 2017.
References
Government buildings completed in 1898
City and town halls in Staffordshire
Kidsgrove |
The 2020 International North West 200 is a motorcycle road racing event which was originally scheduled to take place between 10 and 16 May 2020 at the circuit, known as "The Triangle", based around the towns of Portstewart, Coleraine and Portrush, in Northern Ireland.
On 17 March the organisers postponed the event due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Northern Ireland with a view to looking at a new date during the 2020 racing calendar. The meeting was cancelled on 11 May 2020.
See also
North West 200 - History and results from the event
References
External links
The Official Website of the Kennedy International North West 200 The Official North 200 Website
Motorbikes - BBC Sport BBC North West 200 Website
2020
2020 in British motorsport
Sport in County Londonderry
Sport in County Antrim
2020 in Northern Ireland sport
2020 in motorcycle sport
May 2020 sports events in the United Kingdom
North West 200 Races |
Pitlurg Castle was a 16th-century keep, about south of Keith, Banffshire, Scotland, north of the Burn of Davidston, at Mains of Pitlurg.
History
The name 'Pitlurg', meaning 'the hillside place', suggests there was an earlier Pictish settlement on the site.
A Gordon family, descended from Jock o’Scurdargue, owned the lands until 1724. It was partly occupied until the 1760s. General Gordon, 1815, a descendant, took the name for his estate of Leask and Birness, Formartine.
When James VI was at Aberdeen, on 4 August 1589 he wrote to John Gordon of Pitlurg asking him for a hackney horse for his use and the use of his bride-to-be, Anne of Denmark. The Earl of Huntly and other Gordon lairds sent him to Edinburgh to speak for them in 1593. In 1594 James VI invited him to the baptism of Prince Henry to be a companion to the ambassadors. In October 1594 James VI made him keeper of Huntly Castle.
Robert Gordon of Straloch was born and resided here, inheriting the estate from his brother John.
Structure
Pitlurg Castle was a Z-plan tower house and courtyard. Only one round tower with two vaulted storeys remains. It is now a doocot.
The castle was built on rock. To the south was the Den of Pitlurg, while there was an open view to the west. There was a well in the castle courtyard, while it is thought that the castle was surrounded by a deep ditch, and there was a long range of buildings to the west. The structure to the east has been removed, but it is marked by a rebuilt doorway, and by the remains of a stone staircase leading to the second floor of the tower on the south-east side.
See also
Castles in Great Britain and Ireland
List of castles in Scotland
References
Castles in Moray |
Abhay Daanam is a Charitable bird and animal hospital that has been working since 2016. They have a team of veterinary doctors and other staff, and provide free ambulance and medicines services.
Background
The founders, trustees, and volunteers of Abhay Daanam follow the beliefs of Jainism, such as compassion to all living beings. They opened their first bird rescue centre in Indirapuram, Ghaziabad U.P Bharat. Later they started rescuing large animals by opening their second shelter in Village Sunpura, Noida extension (U.P), Bharat.
Now they have established their shelters in three parts of Bharat and one outside Bharat
Indirapuram, Ghaziabad (U.P)
Village Sunpura, Greater Noida (U.P)
Tirthankar Leni, Shahada (Maharashtra)
Kotugoda, Colombo, (Sri Lanka)
Currently they have two ambulances.
Demonstration
Abhay Daanam initiated a demonstration at Jantar Mantar, New Delhi by the name "Manja Kills", about the pain and suffering of birds caused by flying kites on the events like Makar Sankranti, and Independence Day.
See also
Animal welfare and rights in India
References
Veterinary hospitals
Veterinary medicine in India |
St. Paul's School for Girls may refer to:
St Paul's School for Girls, Birmingham, in Edgbaston, Birmingham, England
St. Paul's School for Girls (Maryland), in Brooklandville, Maryland, U.S.
St Paul's Girls' School, in Brook Green, Hammersmith, West London, England
See also
St Paul's School (disambiguation) |
HoopWorld is a 3-on-3 multiplayer arcade basketball game with a kung-fu power-up twist, released in North America on July 19, 2010 and in the PAL region on August 13, 2010 exclusively for WiiWare. HoopWorld utilizes power-up gameplay, basketball and Kung-fu to create a unique and competitive experience reminiscent of Arch Rivals, NBA Jam, and Power Stone.
Gameplay
HoopWorld is an action sports basketball game in arcade style where two teams fight each other in order to defend their home courts. The point of the game is to get the highest score possible before match time runs out. The player runs, fights, kicks, steals the ball from opponents, and performs dunks and ball passes to win the match. Mystery Boxes will appear randomly on the court during the match revealing one of eight power-ups that impact game play.
The game comes with three game modes (Quick Match, Tournament, and Survival) and has four difficulty levels (easy, normal, difficulty, and crazy) that enable the player to unlock teams and courts when played in Tournament mode. HoopWorld is an offline multiplayer game that can be played with 1-2 players. There is also an online leader board allowing players to upload their accumulated scores generated in Tournament mode. There are six available courts that are set in nature and outdoor locations, such as a jungle, a volcano, a Caribbean island, a Greek village, a desert, and a mystical forest. Each court is defended by its respective team that the player can pick from.
History
HoopWorld was first announced in 2005 for release on XBLA in spring 2006. In September 2006, the game was postponed due to quality and gameplay concerns and Streamline Studios announced engineering support from Spanish developer and publisher Virtual Toys. In 2008, the developers decided to release HoopWorld as a WiiWare title slated for release in 2010. The game launched in North and South America on July 19, 2010, and in Europe, Australia, and New Zealand on August 13, 2010, where it is available for the same amount of 1000 Wii Points under the title HoopWorld BasketBrawl.
Programmer Tommy Refenes of Super Meat Boy fame was a member of the development team.
Reception
HoopWorld has received a variety of reactions from varying media outlets. 1UP cited that the game's controls come with a learning curve, but it does "deliver... its promise of old-school three-on-three fun".
Continuing with the thought of difficulty, RunDLC commented that the AI will make you "scream" at times, but it was still considered to be a "cool new take" on the sport.
Wiiloveit.com praised the game for its "new dimension of gameplay" and "extremely intense" matches. Although the lack of online play was commented on, it was highlighted that the game is "a lot of fun", especially from the standpoint of it being a quality multiplayer game for the service.
IGN mentioned that the control scheme "can take some adjustment" but described HoopWorld overall as one of "the most attractive WiiWare titles" and an "impressive alternative" to the NBA Jam experience that excels beyond nostalgia memories of arcade classics.
See also
List of WiiWare games
List of WiiWare games (North America)
References
External links
Streamline Studios
Hoopworld official website
Virtual Toys
WiiWare games
Wii-only games
Cancelled Xbox 360 games
2010 video games
Basketball video games
Video games developed in the Netherlands
Multiplayer and single-player video games |
Roy Blass was an American architect whose work included design of Lustron houses.
He designed many buildings that were later listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places for their architecture.
His works were done in three states which include:
Georgia
Jack and Helen Adams Lustron House, 832 Burchill St., SW., Atlanta, GA
Thomas and Rae Epting Lustron House, 1692 Brewer Blvd., SW., Atlanta, GA
Neville and Helen Farmer Lustron House, 513 Drexel Ave., Decatur, GA
William and Ruth Knight Lustron House, 9166 Northside Dr., Atlanta, GA
Lustron House at 1200 Fifth Avenue, 1200 Fifth Ave., Albany, GA
Lustron House at 3498 McKenzie Drive, 3498 McKenzie Dr., Macon, GA
Lustron House at 547 Oak Avenue, 547 Oak Ave., Americus, GA
Lustron House at 711 Ninth Avenue, 711 Ninth Ave., Albany GA
Russell and Nelle Pines Lustron House, 2081 Sylvania Dr., Decatur, GA
South Dakota
Bowden, Faye, House--Agnus Saunders 669 Dakota Ave. N., Huron, SD
Peter Hansen House, 1123 E. Capitol St., Pierre, SD
Orlan A. Hayward House, 1509 S. Glendale, Sioux Falls, SD
Mack Jones House, 315 E 3rd Ave., Miller, SD
Margaret and Vernon Moxon House, 1305 McDonald St., Huron SD
Some or all properties in the Mitchell Lustron Historic District, Roughly along Vincent Place, from Miller Ave. to Mitchell Blvd., Mitchell, SD
Maurice Nelson House, 101 E. Quincy St., Rapid City, SD
Edbert and Josie Opitz House, 204 E. 2nd St., Redfield, SD
Grant J. Reynolds House, 800 S. Hawthorne St., Sioux Falls, SD
Sample-Lindblaum House, 410 Idaho St., Wakonda, SD
Florida
Alfred and Olive Thorpe Lustron House, 1001 NE. 2nd St., Fort Lauderdale, FL
References
20th-century American architects |
Wendy Fulton (born March 26, 1954) is a retired American actress, who is known for her roles on television during the 1980s.
Career
Fulton's television credits include guest appearances on Knight Rider, Jake and the Fatman, Diff'rent Strokes, The A-Team, V and Matlock. In 1982, she starred in the CBS soap opera miniseries Bare Essence alongside Linda Evans and Donna Mills. The show later was picked up as a regular series by NBC, but was canceled after a single season. The following year, she had her first and only movie role in the comedy film The First Time.
In 1985, Fulton starred in the ABC miniseries North and South, Book 1. During 1986–87, she played Jean Hackney in the CBS prime time soap opera Knots Landing. Her last role was in 1991. She currently runs her own therapy practice.
Personal life
Fulton was born and raised in Stewartstown, Pennsylvania and went to Kennard-Dale High School. Her father was a doctor with a practice in the community. She has been married to actor Dwight Schultz since 1983. They have a daughter named Ava (b. 1987), and currently live in Santa Clarita, California.
References
External links
1954 births
Actresses from Pennsylvania
American television actresses
Living people
People from Santa Clarita, California
People from York County, Pennsylvania
21st-century American women |
Michael Moore () (c.1639–1726) was an Irish priest, philosopher and educationalist.
Early life
Moore – generally referred to as Moore or Moor in contemporary documents – was born in Dublin about 1639. He left Ireland at a young age to be educated in Nantes and Paris, where he taught philosophy and rhetoric at the Collège des Grassins. He was proposed for the position of rector at the University of Paris in June 1677 by a faction who wished to replace the then rector, Nicholas Pieres, but felt compelled to decline the offer.
Returning to Ireland in the early 1680s, he was ordained in 1684. Archbishop of Dublin, Patrick Russell appointed him vicar-general of the Diocese of Dublin.
Provost of Trinity College
Upon the flight of provost Robert Huntington of Trinity College, Dublin, in 1689, Moore became the college's first Catholic provost. He acquired the post via the influence of Richard Talbot, Earl of Tyrconnell, to whom he was chaplain and confessor. The Catholic Encyclopedia states "The college was seized by the Jacobites, the chapel was made a powder magazine, one portion of the building was turned into a barrack, and another into a gaol for persons suspected of disaffection to the royal cause. .. He {Moore} upheld the rights of the college, secured it from further pillage, and endeavoured to mitigate the treatment of the prisoners. With the librarian, Father McCarthy, he prevented the soldiery from burning the library, and by preserving its precious collections rendered an incalculable service to letters."
However, a sermon which Moore delivered in Christ Church Cathedral concerning King James's ecclesiastical policies so offended the king that he was obliged to resign the post in 1690; after this, he returned to Paris. He moved to Rome in 1691 when King James arrived in Paris, after fleeing Dublin in the wake of the Jacobite defeat at the Battle of the Boyne.
In Rome
While in Rome, Moore became Censor of Books. He came to the attention and favour of the successive Popes, Innocent XII (1691–1700) and Clement XI (1700–1721). When Cardinal Barbarigo established his college at Montefiascone, he appointed Ó Mordha as rector and professor of philosophy and Greek. The college attracted men of learning, and received from Innocent XII an annual grant of two thousand crowns.
Rector of the University of Paris
After the death of James II in 1701, Moore returned to France, where – through Cardinal de Noailles – he was appointed Rector of the University of Paris. He remains the only Irishman to hold the post, serving from 10 October 1701 to 9 October 1702. He was also made principal of the Collège de Navarre, and professor of philosophy, Greek, and Hebrew in the Collège de France.
Final years
In 1702 he delivered the annual panegyric on Louis XIV. Moore joined Dr. Farrelly (Fealy) in purchasing a house near the Irish College for poor Irish students. Blind for some years he had to employ an amanuensis, who took advantage of his master's affliction to steal and sell many hundred volumes of his choice library. What remained, Moore bequeathed to the Irish College.
He died in the Collège de Navarre, and was buried in the vault under the chapel of the Irish College.
References
"Irishmen in the University of Paris in the 17th and 18th Centuries", Patrick Boyle, in Irish Ecclesiastical Record, 14, pp. 24–45, 1903.
"Knowledge and Piety:Michael Moore's Career at the University of Paris and Collège de France, 1701–20", Liam Chambers, in Eighteenth-Century Ireland, vol. 17, pp. 9–24, 2002.
Bibliography
De Existentia Dei, et Humanae Mentis Immortalitate, secundum Cartesii et Aristotelis Doctrinam, Paris, 1692.
Hortatio ad Studium Linguae Graecae et Hebraicae, Montefiascone, 1700.
Vera Sciendi Methodus, Paris, 1716.
External links
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10553a.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20111002042449/http://www.fourcourtspress.ie/product.php?intProductID=352
http://www.irishineurope.com/front
17th-century Irish Roman Catholic priests
Irish philosophers
17th-century Irish Roman Catholic theologians
Provosts of Trinity College Dublin
Irish educators
People from County Dublin
18th-century Irish Roman Catholic priests
1630s births
1723 deaths
18th-century Irish Roman Catholic theologians |
Merivale is an Australian privately held company, with property assets involved in the entertainment and hospitality sectors, predominantly in Sydney, New South Wales.
Fashion years
It was founded in 1957 in Sydney by John and Merivale Hemmes, initially as a millinery in Sydney's Boulevard Arcade, later expanding into clothing. In 1959, the first House of Merivale fashion store was established in the Theatre Royal in Castlereagh Street. It expanded into a successful and influential high-fashion chain with three stores in Pitt Street, two in Melbourne and one in Canberra.
Hospitality and property diversification
Merivale diversified into both hospitality and property interests, acquiring the Angel Hotel building in Pitt Street, which included a restaurant that reopened as a boutique, and was the first item in a substantial property portfolio.
It expanded further into hospitality in the early 1990s with the Merivale restaurant in Potts Point, as it began winding down its fashion interests, closing the last fashion outlet in 1996.
Hemmes' son, Justin, took over the business in the mid-1990s and aggressively diversified into hospitality, operating more than 70 nightclubs, pubs and restaurants, primarily in Sydney, by 2020. Notable assets include Hotel CBD, the Newport Arms Hotel and the Slip Inn. In 2021, Merivale purchased the Lorne Hotel for 38 million, expanding the company's reach into Victoria.
In 2019 a class action was commenced against Merivale, alleging 129 million in under-payment of approximately 14,000 employees who were employed between December 2013 and December 2019. The litigants claimed that the employees were not paid for the significant overtime they were required to work, beyond the maximum allowance of 38 hours per week. Merivale denied the claims. On 30 March 2021, in a major loss to Merivale, Justice Thawley in the Federal Court ruled that the WorkChoices agreement was not validly approved. , negotiations in a mediation between the parties for an agreed settlement amount has not been resolved.
References
External links
Clothing retailers of Australia
Companies based in Sydney
Defunct retail companies of Australia
Hospitality companies of Australia
Privately held companies of Australia
Australian companies established in 1957
Retail companies established in 1957 |
William Vizard (1774–1859) was an English lawyer, known for his role in the 1820 trial of Queen Caroline.
Life
He was born in Dursley, Gloucestershire, the son of William Vizard (died 1807), a solicitor there, and his wife, Ann Phelps. He went to London in 1790 and worked for his articles under Thomas Lewis of Gray's Inn Square, an attorney of the Court of Exchequer.
In 1797 Vizard went in practice on his own account as a solicitor in Holborn Square. This office became a law firm that was the ancestor of Vizard Oldham Brooke Blain (Vizards). After further corporate changes, it became part of Veale Wasbrough Vizards LLP, trading as VWV. For a period the firm traded as Vizard & Lemans of Lincoln's Inn Fields, where Vizard was in partnership with James Leman (1793–1876), Henry Leman and William Leman.
Through Thomas Creevey, Vizard encountered Whig politicians. He worked with Henry Brougham to have the Orders in Council (1807) repealed, on behalf of a group of merchants of Liverpool and Manchester, from 1807 to 1812.
From around 1812, Vizard became active in Whig politics, initially as an unsuccessful candidate at in the 1812 general election. It was at this period that he was appointed solicitor to Caroline, Princess of Wales, at Brougham's suggestion. She was largely absent from the United Kingdom, from 1814.
When George IV came to the throne in 1820, he attempted to impose "pain and penalties" on his wife Queen Caroline, by means of a bill in the House of Lords to dissolve their marriage. Vizard defended the Queen, by organising opposition to the bill's second reading. This took place from August to November 1820. The defence was successful, and Vizard announced the bill's withdrawal from the balcony of the House of Lords.
In later years, Vizard was a legal reformer, proposing changes in the 1820s to the Court of Chancery. When Brougham was Lord Chancellor, from 1830, Vizard worked on his reform of bankruptcy. He died at Little Faringdon on 15 January 1859.
Notes
1774 births
1859 deaths
English solicitors
People from Gloucestershire |
Calabrian is a subdivision of the Pleistocene Epoch of the geologic time scale, defined as 1.8 Ma—774,000 years ago ± 5,000 years, a period of ~.
The end of the stage is defined by the last magnetic pole reversal (781 ± 5 Ka) and plunge into an ice age and global drying possibly colder and drier than the late Miocene (Messinian) through early Pliocene (Zanclean) cold period. Originally the Calabrian was a European faunal stage primarily based on mollusk fossils. It has become the second geologic age in the Early Pleistocene.
History of the definition of the Calabrian
Because sea shells are much more abundant as fossils, 19th- and early-20th-century geo-scientists used the plentiful and well-differentiable Mollusca (mollusks) and Brachiopods to identify stratigraphic boundaries. Thus the Calabrian was originally defined as an assemblage of mollusk fossils, most brachiopods being extinct by then. Efforts were then made to find the best representation of that assemblage in a stratigraphic section. By 1948 scientists used the initial appearance of cool-water (northern) invertebrate faunas in Mediterranean marine sediments as the beginning marker for the Calabrian. The 18th International Geological Congress in London (1948) placed the base of the Pleistocene at the base of the marine strata of the Calabrian Faunal Stage and denominated a type section in southern Italy. However, it was discovered that the original type section was discontinuous at that point and that the base of the Calabrian Stage as defined by fauna assemblages extended to earlier levels within the Pleistocene. A new type section was chosen, several miles from the original one, at Vrica, 4 km south of Crotone in Calabria, southern Italy. Analysis of strontium and oxygen isotopes as well as of planktonic foraminifera has confirmed the viability of the current type section. The 27th International Geological Congress in Moscow in 1984 formally ratified the type section. The starting date was originally thought to be about 1.65 million years ago, but has been recalculated as 1.806 Mya.
Present formal definition
The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point, GSSP, for the former start of the Pleistocene is in a reference section at Vrica, 4 km south of Crotone in Calabria, Southern Italy, a location whose exact dating has recently been confirmed by analysis of strontium and oxygen isotopes as well as by planktonic foraminifera.
The beginning of the Calabrian hence is defined as: Just above top of magnetic polarity chronozone C2n (Olduvai) and the extinction level of calcareous nannofossil Discoaster brouweri (base Zone CN13). Above the boundary are the lowest occurrence of calcareous nannofossil medium Gephyrocapsa spp. and the extinction level of the planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides extremus.
The end of the Calabrian is defined as the Brunhes–Matuyama magnetic reversal event.
See also
Eburonian
Villafranchian
Notes
References
Pleistocene geochronology
Geological ages
Pleistocene Europe
Quaternary geochronology |
Super Mario Bros.: The Great Mission to Rescue Princess Peach! is a 1986 Japanese animated adventure comedy film, based on the Super Mario Bros. (1985) video game. Directed by Masami Hata and produced by Masakatsu Suzuki and Tsunemasa Hatano, the plot centers on Mario and Luigi, who go on a quest to save Princess Peach from King Koopa.
It is one of the two first films based on a video game, along with Running Boy: Star Soldier's Secret, released on the same day. It is the earliest isekai anime to involve a virtual video game world.
Plot
Mario is playing a game on his Famicom late at night when he witnesses a woman on the television screen crying for help from enemies attacking her. She escapes by jumping out of the TV and introduces herself as Princess Peach. King Koopa appears and follows her out of the TV. Mario fights him, but is no match for Koopa, who successfully captures Peach and goes back into the TV. Mario discovers a small necklace that Peach left on the floor.
The next day, while he and his brother Luigi are working at their grocery store, Mario cannot stop thinking about Peach and the necklace. Luigi claims the jewel on the necklace is said to lead its owner to the Mushroom Kingdom, a supposed land of treasures. A small dog-like creature wanders into the store and snatches the necklace from Mario, prompting him and Luigi to give chase and fall down a pipe.
When they emerge, a mushroom hermit reveals that he ordered the dog, Kibidango, to bring the brothers to him. He explains that they are now in the Mushroom Kingdom, which is being ravaged by King Koopa and his army. Angry that his marriage proposal was spurned by Peach, Koopa is turning the citizens into inanimate objects, and plans to force Peach into marriage on Friday the 13th. The hermit reveals a legend that claims the Mario Bros. can defeat Koopa, and that they will need to find the three mystical Power-Ups to overcome his magic: the Mushroom, the Flower, and the Star. With the three Power-Ups hidden throughout the Mushroom Kingdom by Koopa's forces, the Mario Bros. set out to find them, guided by Kibidango.
After a long journey with many perilous obstacles, the brothers eventually acquire all three Power-Ups. That night, Mario arrives at King Koopa's castle just as the wedding is starting. With the help of the three Power-Ups, Mario successfully defeats Koopa, breaking his spell and restoring the Mushroom Kingdom to normal. When Mario returns Peach's necklace, Kibidango reverts to his true form, Prince Haru of the Flower Kingdom. Haru explains that he is Peach's fiancé, but also explains that Koopa turned him into Kibidango to marry her in his place. Though heartbroken, Mario wishes the couple well and promises to return if they ever need help, and as they accept it, he and Luigi begin their long journey home.
In a post-credits scene, King Koopa and his minions are now working at the brothers' grocery store as punishment.
Voice cast
Soundtrack
The film's soundtrack was scored by Toshiyuki Kimori. It includes these songs:
"Doki-Doki Do It!" by Mirai Douji
"Doki-Doki Do It! (Rock'n Roll Version)" by Mirai Douji
by Mami Yamase
by Mami Yamase
The film uses music and sound effects from the Super Mario Bros. video game. An LP was released.
Production and release
In 1986, Mario was already popular in Japan, so Grouper Productions collaborated with Nintendo to produce an anime film. To advertise the film, they released Mario phone cards, watches, rice containers, ramen noodles, a manga, an art book, three riddle books, a picture book, and an original soundtrack released on vinyl and cassette.
On July 20, 1986, the film was released in theaters across Japan. VAP Video later released the film on retail VHS and Betamax in Japan, with no releases internationally or on DVD or Blu-ray.
Legacy
The film is one of the two first based on a video game, along with Running Boy: Star Soldier's Secret, released the same day. It predates the live-action Super Mario Bros. film by seven years.It is the earliest isekai anime to involve a virtual video game world, and the earliest isekai anime to involve the protagonist being trapped in the virtual world of a video game. Because it involves Mario playing a video game that comes to life, it is an ancestor of the "trapped in a video game" subgenre of isekai anime.
In 2023, nearly 40 years after The Great Mission to Rescue Princess Peach!, a 3-D computer-animated film entitled The Super Mario Bros. Movie was released, grossing over $1 billion, making it the highest-grossing film based on a video game.
Fan restoration
In July 2021, Carnivol released a 16mm film scan on YouTube and announced that fan restoration group Kineko Video would restore it in 4K, which was released on April 16, 2022.
See also
List of films based on video games
Notes
References
External links
1980s children's animated films
1986 anime films
1986 films
Anime films based on video games
1980s Japanese-language films
Films about twin brothers
Animated films about turtles
Animated films about princesses
Animated films about giants
Films about kidnapping
Films directed by Masami Hata
Isekai anime and manga
Japanese children's fantasy films
Mario (franchise) films
Animated films about brothers
1980s rediscovered films
Rediscovered Japanese films
Rediscovered animated films
1986 in Japanese cinema |
The Yucatán pipefish (Syngnathus makaxi) is a demersal fish species native to the Gulf of Mexico.
Physical description
Syngnathidae fossils can be dated back to the Pliocene period found near Italy. Similarly, such as a tubular moth and long cylindrical bodies can be compared from the fossil records and extant species today. It belongs within the order Gasterosteiformes, meaning boney belly. Their bodies have boney plates used for protection. In the Yucatan pipefish 22-26 dorsal fin rays, pectoral rays 11-12, 3 anal fin rays can be observed (Herald and Dawson 1972). Within the male population, the brood pouch can hold 5-16 eggs. Compared to the gulf pipefish, Syngnathus s. makaxi has less trunk rings and it is significantly smaller in length than the gulf pipefish (Herald and Dawson 1972). Length varies from 52 mm to 154 mm and average weight is about. 3 grams (Wilson, Ahnesjo, Vincent and Meyer 2002).
Geographic range
The Yucatan Pipe fish, Syngnathus makaxi, is indigenous to the Caribbean coast of Mexico near the Isla Majeures in the Laguna Makax (Herald and Dawson 1972). This island is approximately 13 kilometers from the northern coast of the Yucatan peninsula. Syngnathidae specimens, including fossils, are found in most areas of the world with heavy distributions along coast lines and freshwater rivers (Herald and Dawson 1972). Syngnathus makaxi is a subspecies of Syngnathus scovelli also known as the gulf pipefish. The gulf pipefish can be found in waters ranging from Florida to the Gulf of Mexico and Yucatan. The widespread area of geographic range allowed the subspecies S. makaxi over time to isolate and evolve with new defining characteristics.
Habitat
The Yucatan Pipefish can survive in areas of brackish to areas of hypersaline coastal environments (Vega-cendejas, Perlata-meixurero, Hernandez de Santilliana 2017). Syngnathidae are found in shallow water ranging from half a meter to 5 meters. Water temperatures range from 20 degrees Celsius to about 30 degrees Celsius. A pipefishes’ niche is underwater grasses and weeds. The sea grasses in which they live allow the Yucatán pipefish to avoid predation as well as provide necessary food resources.
Development
Assumed to be very similar to the Gulf Pipefish, the development of the Yucatan Pipefish will spawn most of the year in either fresh, brackish, or saline water. S. scovelli is primarily a amphidromous species, meaning that juveniles travel from fresh water to marine water to during development into adulthood(Martin 2013). When mature, the male will selectively choose its mate and will brood its young until they are ready to hatch. Once hatched, the planktonic larvae are released by the male and no further parental investment is observed.
Reproduction
Sex roles in pipefishes are reversed in that the males are responsible for carrying the offspring to term. Due to the sex- role reversal, females often compete with one another for a male mate (Wilson, Ahnesjo, Vincent and Meyer 2002). Sexes are dimorphic, meaning that the females are often larger are more vibrant in color. Females that are larger and tend to be sexually selected more than the smaller females (Wilson, Ahnesjo, Vincent and Meyer 2002). The females within the species have demonstrated polygamous mating patterns, and the males have a longer-term parental investment (Svensson 1998). The cost of brooding in males is a lower risk of survival throughout winter because fat deposition was lowered as a result of parental commitment (Svensson 1998). S. makaxi belongs is a sub species of Syngnathus scovelli, and they are one of the two noted species that can breed in fresh and marine waters (Herald and Dawson 1972). It may be assumed that in males’ paternal investment per offspring is greater than the female’s investment in producing eggs than the males may limit the reproductive success for females within a population (Svensson 1998).
Life Span/Longevity
Because the Yucatan Pipefish is a subspecies of the gulf pipefish, the longevity of the Yucatan pipefish is approximately 5-10 years (Harland and Dawson 1972).
Behavior
Despite their size, pipefish can be very active in their environment. They often drift among the current or attach themselves to grasses or weeded areas in their habitat. Due to the shape of their bodies, they often are camouflaged well within their habitat (Ryer 1988). Avoidance behaviors can be observed by how the Yucatan pipefish blends in with its back round to avoid predators (Kleiber, Blight, Caldwell 2011). Spawning can occur throughout the year but is mainly during the warmer months of the year (Svensson 1988).
Food habits
S. Makaxi, along with other members of the pipefish family are commonly identified by an elongated snout that is used to with suction to devour small prey. Due to the size and confirmation of their mouths, members of the genus are limited by the size of their prey (Ryer and Orth 1987). S. Makaxi is considered carnivorous and consumes amphipods and copepods (Huh, Knitting 1985). Many pipefishes utilize their habitat and while camouflaged in tall sea grasses, use a “sit and wait” technique when hunting for food (Tipton and Bell 1988).
Predation
All syngnathids try avoid predation by blending into their habitat through means of “disguise” and “masquerade”.(Kleiber, Blight, Caldwell 2011). Physical characteristics allows syngnathids to avoid predation very well, however studies suggests that syngnathids are most vulnerable to predation when the habitat changes and no longer supports the phenotype of pipe horses and mating behavior increases risk of predation (Kleiber, Blight, Caldwell 201).According to Kleiber, Blight and Caldwell, they “identified 135 reports of predation on syngnathids by at least 82 predator species from a range of taxa,” including, “invertebrates….fishes….turtles…and marine mammals”.
Ecosystem roles
Pipefish are foragers that consume small animals like plankton, small shrimp, and some crustations. Although it is thought that most pipefish have few predators due to their avoidance behavior, they are resource for the predators that do consume them (Kleiber, Blight, Caldwell 2011).
Economic importance
Humans have had a negative impact on the economic status Syngnathus s. makaxi because dredging and construction has had devastating effects on their unique environment (Herald and Dawson 1972). Removal of pipefishes may disrupt ecosystems. One positive economic importance that Syngnathus s. makaxi provides a specimen to study reverse sex roles and reproductive ecology in a scientific field.
Conservation status
According to the IUCN Red List, the Yucatan Pipefish is listed as threatened as of 2014. Habitat loss contributes greatly to the overall population to the species. According to Herald and Dawson, “dredging and considerable construction have now destroyed much of this locally unique habitat.” Being that the Yucatan Pipefish relies heavily on its habitat to avoid predation and for food resources, habitat loss contributes greatly to the reduction in population. Protecting the habitat would aid in the overall population status of S. makaxi.
References
“Syngnathus Makaxi Herald & Dawson, 1972.” GBIF, https://www.gbif.org/species/2332966.
Herald, Earl S., and C. E. Dawson. “A New Subspecies of the Gulf Pipefish, Syngnathus Scovelli Makaxi (Pisces: Syngnathidae).” Copeia, vol. 1972, no. 4, [American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists (ASIH), Allen Press], 1972, pp. 781–84, https://doi.org/10.2307/1442735.
Paladini, Giuseppe et al. “The Description of Gyrodactylus Corleonis Sp.an. and g. Neretum Sp.an. (Platyhelminthes: Monogenea) with Comments on Other Gyrodactylids Parasitising Pipefish (Pisces: Syngnathidae).” Folia Parasitologica 57.1 (2013): 17–30. Web.
WILSON, A.B., AHNESJO, I., VINCENT, A.C.J. and MEYER, A. (2003), THE DYNAMICS OF MALE BROODING, MATING PATTERNS, AND SEX ROLES IN PIPEFISHES AND SEAHORSES (FAMILY SYNGNATHIDAE). Evolution, 57: 1374-1386. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0014-3820.2003.tb00345.x
Svensson, Ingrid. “Reproductive Costs in Two Sex-Role Reversed Pipefish Species (Syngnathidae).” Journal of Animal Ecology, vol. 57, no. 3, [Wiley, British Ecological Society], 1988, pp. 929–42, https://doi.org/10.2307/5102.
Jones A.G., Ratterman N.L. and Rosenthal G.G.2009. Sex Recognition via Chemical Cues in the Sex-Role-Reversed Gulf Pipefish (Syngnathus scovelli). Ethology 115. <http://www.journals.elsevier.com/animal-behaviour/>
Ryer, CH. “Pipefish Foraging: Effects of Fish Size, Prey Size and Altered Habitat Complexity.” Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol. 48, 1988, pp. 37–45., https://doi.org/10.3354/meps048037.
Huh, Sung-Hoi, and Christopher L. Kitting. “Trophic Relationships among Concentrated Populations of Small Fishes in Seagrass Meadows.” Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, vol. 92, no. 1, 1985, pp. 29–43., https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(85)90020-6.
Kleiber, D., Blight, L.K., Caldwell, I.R. et al. The importance of seahorses and pipefishes in the diet of marine animals. Rev Fish Biol Fisheries 21, 205–223 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-010-9167-5
Berglund, Anders, and Gunilla Rosenqvist. “Male Pipefish Prefer Ornamented Females.” Animal Behaviour, vol. 61, no. 2, 2001, pp. 345–350., https://doi.org/10.1006/anbe.2000.1599.
Ryer, C.H., Orth, R.J. Feeding ecology of the northern pipefish,Syngnathus fuscus, in a seagrass community of the lower Chesapeake Bay. Estuaries 10, 330–336 (1987). https://doi.org/10.2307/1351891
Tipton, K, and SS Bell. “Foraging Patterns of Two Syngnathid Fishes: Importance of Harpacticoid Copepods.” Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol. 47, 1988, pp. 31–13., https://doi.org/10.3354/meps047031.
Martin, F. Douglas, et al. “APPARENT PERSISTENCE OF A LANDLOCKED POPULATION OF GULF PIPEFISH, SYNGNATHUS SCOVELLI.” The Southwestern Naturalist, vol. 58, no. 3, Southwestern Association of Naturalists, 2013, pp. 376–78, .
Yucatán pipefish
Fauna of the Yucatán Peninsula
Fish of the Gulf of Mexico
Endemic fish of Mexico
Yucatán pipefish |
The Ex-Wives Club was a 2007 American reality television program hosted by Shar Jackson and Marla Maples and Angie Everhart.
It focused on the hosts helping regular people as they get over painful and difficult divorces. Self-help author Debbie Ford also appeared on the show as a life coach.
It was produced by Glassman Media and premiered on ABC on May 28, 2007. It was cancelled on June 25, 2007.
References
External links
2000s American reality television series
2007 American television series debuts
2007 American television series endings
American Broadcasting Company original programming |
Kilmorey Falls is a rural locality in the Maranoa Region, Queensland, Australia. In the Kilmorey Falls had a population of 0 people.
Kilmorey Falls' postcode is 4465.
Geography
The locality is bounded to the north-east by the Great Dividing Range. The terrain is mountainous in the north-east up to above sea level, undulating generally through the locality but falling in elevation generally toward the south down to .
The Waroonga State Forest is in the south-east of the locality () and Walhallow State Forest in the east (). Apart from these protected areas, the predominant land use is grazing on native vegetation with a small amount of crop growing in the south.
History
The locality was officially named and bounded on 28 March 2002.
In the Kilmorey Falls had a population of 0 people.
Economy
There are a number of homesteads in the locality:
Alcurah ()
Claravale ()
Eastern Creek ()
Gap Plains ()
Glenloch ()
Katanga ()
Kilmorey ()
Mercura ()
Mountain View ()
Pinnacle ()
Ventura ()
Westwood ()
Education
There are no schools in Kilmorey Falls. The nearest primary schools are Mitchell State School in neighbouring Mitchell to the south-west and Injune State School in Injune to the north-east. Both of these schools also provides secondary schooling to Year 10. There is no secondary schooling to Year 12 available nearby, the nearest being Roma State College in Roma to the south-east. Distance education and boarding schools would be other options.
References
Maranoa Region
Localities in Queensland |
Josephine Margaret Warne (2 January 1938 – 13 January 2017), better known as Jo Warne, was an English actress, who briefly played Peggy Mitchell in the BBC soap opera EastEnders, making her first appearance on 30 April 1991. She appeared in a total of ten EastEnders episodes between April and July 1991, as part of Sam and Ricky's teen elopement storyline. Barbara Windsor later took on the full-time role of Peggy Mitchell until 2016.
Warne appeared in the last episode of the 1970s police series The Sweeney as Gloria Bartley, Jack Regan's ex-girlfriend. She also appeared in an episode of the drama Minder (1980), ITV's Hammer House of Horror in the episode The House That Bled to Death, episode 8 of The Bill, made several appearances in various series of T-Bag during the 1980s – early 1990s, and appeared in Series 8 of Bodger and Badger as Mrs Bobbins. Between 1991 and 1996 she played Julie Corrigan's mother in Grange Hill and in 1997 took small roles in episodes of Where the Heart Is and Chalk. Her film credits included roles in Nutcracker (1982), Little Dorrit (1987) and Consuming Passions (1988). Warne died in January 2017 on the Isle of Wight.
References
External links
British television actresses
British soap opera actresses
1938 births
2017 deaths |
Arthur Häggblad (14 August 1908 – 16 June 1989) was a Swedish cross-country skier who competed in the 1930s. He won a bronze medal in the 4 × 10 km relay at the 1936 Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen. Häggblad's best individual finishes were fourth in both the 18 km and 50 km events at the 1934 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships. He would also win a bronze medal in the 4 × 10 km relay at those championships.
In 1933, 1935, 1937 and 1940, he won Vasaloppet.
Häggblad was known for his blunt public statements. For example, when a governor once asked him in the 1930s how was the race, he replied "Run for yourself, you old bastard – so you can see how it feels."
After retiring from competitions Häggblad worked in a sports store. He was featured in the 1988 documentary film De sista skidåkarna (The Last Skiers).
Cross-country skiing results
All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).
Olympic Games
1 medal – (1 bronze)
World Championships
1 medal – (1 bronze)
References
External links
DatabaseOlympics.com profile
1908 births
1989 deaths
People from Nordmaling Municipality
Cross-country skiers at the 1936 Winter Olympics
Swedish male cross-country skiers
Vasaloppet winners
Olympic medalists in cross-country skiing
FIS Nordic World Ski Championships medalists in cross-country skiing
Medalists at the 1936 Winter Olympics
IFK Umeå skiers
Olympic bronze medalists for Sweden
20th-century Swedish people |
Flinn Springs is an unincorporated community in the East County region of San Diego County, California.
History
Flinn Springs is named for early settler James Ebenezer Flinn, a native of Missouri who moved to the area and established a farm prior to 1874. Sometimes Flinn's father, Dr. William E. Flinn, is credited as the founder of Flinn Springs instead. The settlement was also known as "La Viñita" (Spanish for "the little vineyard") because the Flinns made and sold wine at their farm.
Geography
Flinn Springs straddles Interstate 8, which runs from east to west through the region. U.S. Route 80 passed through Flinn Springs from 1926 until the route was decommissioned in California in 1964. The historic highway continues to serve as the community's main thoroughfare.
Flinn Springs neighbors Lakeside to the west, Harbison Canyon to the south, and Alpine to the east. The community sits at an elevation of 1,063 feet.
References
Unincorporated communities in San Diego County, California
El Cajon, California
Unincorporated communities in California |
John Burdett Wittenoom (24 October 1788 – 23 January 1855) was a colonial clergyman who was the second Anglican clergyman to perform religious services in the Swan River Colony, Australia, soon after its establishment in 1829.
Biography
Early life
John Burdett Wittenoom was born in England at Newark-on-Trent, Nottinghamshire. He was educated at Winchester College and matriculated to Brasenose College, Oxford in 1807, graduating B.A. in 1810, M.A. in 1813. He was ordained deacon in the Church of England in 1811, priest in 1812.
Career
He took up teaching in England where he was appointed headmaster of Newark Grammar School. Shortly after his first wife's death, he decided to emigrate to Western Australia arriving on Wanstead in January 1830 with his mother, sister and four sons.
He singlehandedly conducted services alternately every Sunday at Perth, Guildford and Fremantle until 1836.
In later years, he ran a grammar school and pursued his interest in education. In 1847, he was appointed to the colony's first education committee and was the inaugural chairman for eight years after it became the Board of Education. After his death in 1855, his second wife and daughter took charge of the government girls' school.
Personal life
His first wife died when they were still living in England. Together, they had five sons, including John Burdett, Henry, Frederick Dirck, and Charles. In 1839, he remarried in Australia. His daughter Mary was the mother of Edith Cowan, while another daughter, Augusta, married Thomas Burges (a member of parliament). The progeny of Wittenoom's fifth son, Charles Wittenoom, became notable individuals in the history of Western Australia.
Death
He died on 23 January 1855. A tablet in his memory is in St George's Cathedral, Perth.
References
Notes
Settlers of Western Australia
Australian Anglican priests
19th-century English Anglican priests
People from Newark-on-Trent
People educated at Winchester College
Alumni of Brasenose College, Oxford
1788 births
1855 deaths |
171st Siege Battery was a unit of Britain's Royal Garrison Artillery (RGA) formed during World War I. It served on both the Western Front, including the Battles of Arras and Passchendaele, and the Italian Front, where it participated in the repulse of the Austrian Summer Offensive of 1918 and the crushing victory at Vittorio Veneto.
Mobilisation and training
171st Siege Battery was formed at Pembroke Dock in West Wales on 13 June 1916 under Army Council Instruction 1239 of 21 June, which laid down that it was to follow the establishment for 'New Army' (Kitchener's Army) units, with a cadre drawn from the Pembroke Royal Garrison Artillery, a Territorial Force (TF) unit forming part of the Pembroke Dock garrison. The cadre was to consist of three officers and 78 men (the wartime establishment of an RGA Company of the TF), the rest of the men would be Regulars and New Army recruits
Western Front
The battery went out to the Western Front on 16 September 1916 equipped with four 6-inch 26 cwt howitzers and joined 49th Heavy Artillery Group (HAG) in Second Army on 22 September, switching on 4 October to 43rd HAG, which joined Fifth Army shortly afterwards.
Fifth Army was engaged in the final weeks of the Battle of the Somme, then in a number of small actions in early 1917 as the German Army retired to the Hindenburg Line (Operation Alberich). During the Arras Offensive of April–May 1917 Fifth Army fought in attack and defence around Bullecourt and Lagnicourt. The last of this series of actions (the Second Battle of Bullecourt) was preceded by effective counter-battery (CB) fire from the heavy guns, but after the first day (3 May) the German guns driven out of their positions began to take a toll on the infantry from new positions that could not be located and neutralised quickly enough. A hurriedly arranged attack on 13 May had no real fireplan and failed, but Bullecourt was finally taken on 17 May.
171st Siege Bty was joined by a section from 368th Siege Bty on 29 June 1917, and brought up to the strength to man six 6-inch howitzers, but it seems that the additional guns never joined. The battery joined 40th HAG on 7 July 1917. The heavy guns of Fifth Army were engaged in a long artillery duel with the Germans throughout July in preparation for the Third Ypres Offensive, but 40th HAG was transferred to Third Army on 1 August after the first day of the attack.
The battery was assigned to XVII Corps' Heavy Artillery on 4 August, then to 21st HAG on 11 August, to 27th HAG on 21 August and back to 21st HAG on 21 September, but Third Army was not engaged in any major actions during this period.
On 7 October the battery transferred to 70th HAG, then with Fifth Army, shortly afterwards changing to Second Army, both of which were then engaged in the Third Ypres Offensive. Second Army had taken over direction of the faltering offensive and fought a series of successful battles employing massive weight of artillery. But as the offensive continued with the Battle of Poelcappelle and First and Second Battles of Passchendaele, the tables were turned: British batteries were clearly observable from the Passchendaele Ridge and were subjected to counter-battery (CB) fire, while their own guns sank into the mud and became difficult to move and fire. To be able to supply them with ammunition the heavy guns had to stay strung out one behind the other along the few available roads, making them an easy target.
Italian Front
Following the disastrous Battle of Caporetto on the Italian Front, Second Army HQ and several of its sub-formations were sent to reinforce the Italian Army; 171st Siege Bty was selected as part of these reinforcements. It left by rail with 15th HAG on 15 December and detrained in Italy three days later.
By 6 January 1918, 15th HAG had moved up to support the First Italian Army in the north, but was not involved in any important operations during the winter. 171st Siege Bty was transferred to the command of 94th HAG (under Italian command) on 12 January 1918, and back to 15th HAG on 30 March 1918. In February 1918 the HAGs became permanent RGA brigades: in addition to 171st, 15th Bde RGA now consisted of one heavy battery (155th) and one other 6-inch howitzer siege battery (197th).
A planned Allied offensive meant the repositioning of most of the British troops in Italy, and left 15th HAG spread out between the Brenta river and the Asiago Plateau where it had been since 6 January. However, it was then brought under the command of XIV British Corps in April and the rest of the British heavy artillery concentrated with it. Finding level sites for the howitzers was difficult in the wooded mountainous terrain, as was ammunition supply and command control. However, the planned Allied offensive was postponed when it became clear that the Austrians were planning their own offensive astride the Brenta. The howitzers were quietly moved into position on the nights of 11/12 and 14/15 June, and were ready when the Austrian bombardment began at dawn on 15 June (the Second Battle of the Piave River). Despite some initial Austrian gains, 48th (South Midland) Division held its main positions. 15th Heavy Artillery Group was assigned to CB fire and the heavy howitzers systematically destroyed the Austrian guns on the Asiago, notwithstanding poor visibility early on (Royal Air Force observation aircraft were able to direct the fire later). The Austrian offensive failed all along the front.
Preparations then began for the final battle on the Italian Front, the stunning success of the Battle of Vittorio Veneto. The British troops in the Asiago sector were relieved and moved to join the British-commanded Tenth Italian Army near Treviso. The heavy guns were moved silently into position and did not open fire during the preliminary attacks on 23 October. The main British assault crossed the River Piave on 27 October, with the heavy guns engaging all known Austrian gun positions and providing a protective barrage on either flank. A bridge was ready by 29 October and the heavy guns crossed the river. By 1 November the Austrian army had collapsed and the pursuing British troops had left their heavy guns far in the rear. Austrian signed the Armistice of Villa Giusti on 3 November, ending the war in Italy. 171st Siege Battery was disbanded in 1919.
Footnotes
Notes
References
Maj A.F. Becke,History of the Great War: Order of Battle of Divisions, Part 4: The Army Council, GHQs, Armies, and Corps 1914–1918, London: HM Stationery Office, 1944/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2007, .
James Campbell, Shepard's War: E.H. Shepard, The Man who Drew Winnie-the-Pooh, London: LOM Art, 2015, .
Brig-Gen James E. Edmonds, History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium 1917, Vol II, Messines and Third Ypres (Passchendaele), London: HM Stationery Office, 1948//Uckfield: Imperial War Museum and Naval and Military Press, 2009, .
Cyril Falls, Caporetto 1917, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1966.
Gen Sir Martin Farndale, History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery: Western Front 1914–18, Woolwich: Royal Artillery Institution, 1986, .
Gen Sir Martin Farndale, History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery: The Forgotten Fronts and the Home Base 1914–18, Woolwich: Royal Artillery Institution, 1988, .
J.B.M. Frederick, Lineage Book of British Land Forces 1660–1978, Vol II, Wakefield: Microform Academic, 1984, .
Purnell's History of the Second World War, London: Purnell, 1969–71.
Mark Thompson, The White War: Life and Death on the Italian Front 1915–1919, London: Faber & Faber, 2008, .
War Office, Army Council Instructions issued during June, 1916, London: HM Stationery Office.
Leon Wolff, In Flanders Fields: The 1917 Campaign, London: Longmans, 1959/Corgi, 1966.
Siege batteries of the Royal Garrison Artillery
Military units and formations in Pembrokeshire
Military units and formations in Wales
Military units and formations established in 1916
Military units and formations disestablished in 1919 |
WGBJ (102.3 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Auburn, Indiana, and serving the Fort Wayne metropolitan area. It is owned by Sarkes Tarzian and it broadcasts an alternative rock radio format, known as "Alt 102.3." The studios and offices are on West Berry Street in Fort Wayne.
WGBJ has an effective radiated power of 6,000 watts. The transmitter is on Quincy Street in Altona, Indiana, about 30 miles north of Fort Wayne. Programming is also heard on 115-watt FM translator W258BY at 99.5 MHz in Fort Wayne. The translator helps listeners in Fort Wayne who might have trouble receiving the 102.3 signal.
History
Country, AC and Modern Rock
102.3 FM signed on as WGTB in 1993, and aired a country music format. This lasted until January 1994, when it flipped to adult contemporary. It would switch flip back to country, and then to adult standards. In early 1999, the station flipped to Top 40/CHR as "Z102.3", WCKZ.
In March 2001, WCKZ became WEJE, taking the call sign and modern rock format of the former "Extreme 96.3," which changed to a country format. (96.3 has gone through several other changes since and is now WXKE.)
Regional Mexican and Top 40
In September 2001, the station rebranded as "X102.3," with new call letters WXTW assigned shortly afterward. Following a sale from Summit City Radio Group to Three Amigos Broadcasting, WXTW adopted a Spanish-language Regional Mexican format as "Mega 102.3" at Midnight on September 1, 2006.
On September 21, 2009, the station adopted the slogan "Power 102.3" and flipped from Regional Mexican to a contemporary hit radio format. This move returned Top 40 hits to the Fort Wayne radio market. On February 2, 2010, the station changed its moniker to "The Killer B102.3."
In the late hours of Saturday, April 3, 2010, WGBJ again changed formats from Top 40/CHR back to a Spanish contemporary format and started once again calling itself "Power 102.3". The top 40 format remained absent in the Fort Wayne area until WJFX flipped to Contemporary Hits in 2012.
Alternative Rock
On January 9, 2019, Sarkes Tarzian, Inc. acquired that station for $515,000 and flipped it to a simulcast of WAJI-HD2 which was carrying an alternative rock format. Programming is also heard on FM translator W258BY at 99.5 FM in Fort Wayne. The two stations are now branded as ALT 99.5 & 102.3.
On June 20, 2019, WGBJ rebranded as "Alt 102.3" as the 99.5 translator changed to a CHR format as "99.5 The Twenty-FM".
On September 8, 2022 at noon, WGBJ readded FM translator W258BY, which returned to simulcasting WGBJ. (The "Twenty" format continues online and on WAJI-HD3.) WGBY and W258BY returned to the brand "ALT 99.5 & 102.3".
Previous logos
References
External links
GBJ
Radio stations established in 1993
1993 establishments in Indiana
Alternative rock radio stations in the United States
Modern rock radio stations in the United States |
Lickóvadamos is a village in Zala County, Hungary.
References
Populated places in Zala County |
Drive is the second studio album by Anneke van Giersbergen, released in the Benelux Union on 23 September 2013 and internationally on 15 October.
Track listing
Personnel
Anneke van Giersbergen
Anneke van Giersbergen – vocals
Arno Krabman – guitars, keyboards
Ferry Duijsens – guitars, keyboards
Gijs Coolen – guitars
Joost van Haaren – bass
Rob Snijders – drums
Additional personnel
Hayko Cepkin – vocals on "Mental Jungle"
Annelies Kuijsters – backing vocals
Niels Geusebroek – backing vocals
Susanne Clermonts – backing vocals
René Merkelbach – piano on "My Mother Said"
Silvana Jirka – violin on "Mental Jungle"
References
External links
Anneke van Giersbergen's Official site
2013 albums
Anneke van Giersbergen (band) albums |
Felix Hanemann (born May 1, 1953) is an American singer and musician.
Biography
Early life
He graduated from Warren Easton High School and attended the University of New Orleans and Loyola (Music Major, English Minor).
He joined his first band, The Salt & Pepper Conspiracy, when he was 14 yrs old. In 1972 he put together the band Shepherd’s Bush with Randy Jackson as the lead guitarist.
Career
Hanemann formed the band Zebra in February 1975 with guitarist and singer Randy Jackson and drummer Guy Gelso, with Felix playing bass, keyboards and backing vocals. Atlantic Records signed Zebra in 1982 and their self-titled debut record was released in March 1983. The album stayed on the Billboard charts for eight months, peaking at number 29. Zebra has continued to record and perform, going into their third decade with six albums to their credit.
In 2000 Hanemann released his first solo album, entitled “Rock Candy” and in 2006 he became a member of the band Harry Slash & The Slashtones.
Felix is also currently the keyboardist/bassist for the popular metro New York area Led Zeppelin tribute band Hindenberg, which also features fellow Slashtoner Steve "Budgie" Werner (drums) and Karl Cochran (guitar), both veterans of the Ace Frehley band amongst other endeavors. Hindenberg's singer is Michael McEwan, also of A Perfect Tool.
References
Living people
American heavy metal bass guitarists
1953 births
Musicians from New Orleans
American rock keyboardists
Progressive rock pianists
Guitarists from Louisiana
American male bass guitarists
20th-century American bass guitarists
Male pianists
21st-century American keyboardists
21st-century pianists
20th-century American male musicians
21st-century American male musicians |
Alfred Gardiner Hastings (29 October 1847 – 26 December 1916) was an English first-class cricketer and solicitor.
The son of Henry Cadogan Hastings, who was the Chief Constable of Surrey Constabulary, he was born in October 1847 at Deal, Kent. Hastings was educated at Winchester College, where he was in the cricket eleven. From Winchester he went up in 1866 to Corpus Christi College, Oxford. In 1868 he appeared twice at county-level for Shropshire while playing at club level for Hawkstone. A student of the Inner Temple, he was admitted as a solicitor in 1869. In the same year he made a single appearance in first-class cricket for the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) against Hampshire at Southampton. Hastings opened the batting for the MCC, being dismissed in both MCC innings by Charles Martin for scores of 0 and 1 respectively. Wisden described him as "over cautious as a bat, but remarkably neat and finished in style. He was good at point." As a solicitor, he was said to have "somewhat seedy clients". He was struck off in 1887 for alleged corrupt practices, having been unable to account satisfactorily for large sums of money committed to his trust by the politician William Evelyn. Hastings also had severe financial difficulties and he and his family were repeatedly bankrupt, necessitating his wife, Kate Comyns Carr (who was a painter and the sister of J. Comyns Carr) to take their two sons to continental Europe until there was enough money for the family to return to London. He eventually sent a message to Kate saying his financial position had improved, however this was not the case, and upon their return the family moved between cheap hotels. His youngest son was Patrick Gardiner Hastings, a prominent barrister. Hastings died at Hammersmith on Boxing Day in 1916.
References
External links
1847 births
1916 deaths
People from Deal, Kent
People educated at Winchester College
Alumni of Corpus Christi College, Oxford
English solicitors
English cricketers
Marylebone Cricket Club cricketers
Cricketers from Kent |
Black Futures is an American anthology of Black art, writing, and other creative work, edited by writer Jenna Wortham and curator Kimberly Drew. Writer Teju Cole, singer Solange Knowles and activist Alicia Garza, who cofounded Black Lives Matter, are among the book's more than 100 contributors. The 544-page collection was published in 2020, receiving strongly favorable reviews.
Development and publication
Beginning their collaboration in 2015, New York Times writer Jenna Wortham and curator and activist Kimberly Drew aimed to record the way "communities of Black people [were] interacting and engaging in new ways because of social media ... creating our own signage and language," Wortham said. They originally conceived of creating a zine, but ultimately concluded the accessibility technology available for books would allow more people to engage with the work.
The 544-page collection, designed by Wael Marcos and Jonathan Key, was published on December 1, 2020 by One World, publisher Chris Jackson's imprint at Penguin Random House.
Content
The 544-page anthology, collecting works of more than 100 contributors, includes discussions, like writer Rembert Browne and filmmaker Ezra Edelman on Colin Kaepernick, as well as works, for example artist "I Will Protect Black People" contract. In addition to traditional media such as painting and essays, Black Futures includes creative works in the form of recipes, Instagram posts, tweets, street art, and communal gatherings. These are organized by theme, included "Justice", "Power", "Joy", "Black is (Still Beautiful)", "Memory", and "Legacy".
Other contributors include activist Alicia Garza (co-founder of Black Lives Matter), writer Morgan Parker, comedian Ziwe Fumudoh, writer Teju Cole and singer Solange Knowles.
Reception
Black Futures received enthusiastic reviews, beginning with a starred review in Kirkus. Writing in The Root, Maiysha Kai called Black Futures "a weighty and gorgeously bound compendium of Black creativity".
Reviews emphasized the scope of the collection. In Interview, Black Futures was compared to Toni Morrison's 1974 work The Black Book, which covered Black American life from 1619 (the year the first enslaved Africans were brought to territory now part of the United States) to Morrison's writing in the mid-20th century: "it filled such a gap in the library that an entire wing should have been built just to hold it". Beyond sheer breadth, critics emphasized the book's expansive quality of Black Futures structure and aesthetic sensibility. In The New York Times, Scaachi Koul found the book "a literary experience unlike any I've had in recent memory", distinguished by the way "you can enter and exit the project on whatever pages you choose...once you start reading 'Black Futures,' you are somehow endlessly reading it". Koul notes that Wortham and Drew recommend reading with an internet-connected device at hand, to follow threads the book offers out into the world. The book's "brief chapters reach in seemingly infinite directions, each one a portal into what could be an entire book on its own". Writing in the Chicago Review of Books, Mandana Chaffa agreed Black Futures is "a jumping off point for discussion, rather than a static destination", something to be used as a "divinatory tool": "open anywhere [...] and see where it leads [...] like the best of parties, in which you come across those familiar to you, and through them, new, thought-provoking voices".
For Koul, who is not Black, the cumulative experience creates a call to action—"a question any non-Black person inevitably comes back to again and again throughout the book: If you know the fight, will you join it?" Publishers Weekly also emphasized this effect, "This unique and imaginative work issues a powerful call for justice, equality, and inclusion". But Koul also noted that struggle was not the only Black experience documented, and as a non-Black reader she felt grateful "to be let in on [the book's] moments of joyous intimacy. You feel thankful for being offered entry".
References
External links
Excerpt in the October 7, 2020 issue of the New York Times Magazine
An early Black Futures selection for Walker Art Center by Wortham and Drew, December 23, 2015
2020 anthologies
African-American art
Art history books
Random House books
African-American literature
One World (imprint) books |
Joseph Whitaker School is a secondary school with academy status in Rainworth near Mansfield, Nottinghamshire in England. The school takes its name from Joseph Whitaker, a naturalist who lived in Rainworth at Rainworth Lodge.
The school is part of the East Midlands Educational Trust (EMET) which it joined in September 2016. The headteacher is Carey Ayres, who took over from David Bell in 2020.
The school has its own sixth form college for post-16 A-Level studies. In November 2012, the school's flagship £1,000,000 sixth form centre opened. It contains teaching rooms, a media suite, various study areas and a café. All post-16 students have access to the school's on-site fitness suite as part of their membership to the sixth form.
References
Secondary schools in Nottinghamshire
Educational institutions established in 1963
1963 establishments in England
Academies in Nottinghamshire
Rainworth |
Andrew Lawrence Parks (born March 1, 1951) is an American film and television actor.
Born in Los Angeles, California to actors Larry Parks and Betty Garrett, Andrew Parks made his film debut at the age of 11 but did not continue his acting career for another eight years, beginning with The Strawberry Statement in 1970.
His feature film credits include W.C. Fields and Me (1976), The Mirror Has Two Faces (1996) and Donnie Brasco (1997). He is a key member of Larry Blamire's stock company, playing clueless alien Kro-Bar in The Lost Skeleton of Cadavra and its sequel The Lost Skeleton Returns Again, gullible scientist Dr. Philip Latham in Trail of the Screaming Forehead and monocled English dandy Lord Partfine in Dark and Stormy Night. Most recently, he mimicked Franklin Pangborn in the comedy short It's a Frame-Up!, the writing/directing debut of Blamire's producer Michael Schlesinger.
Parks' television credits include a recurring role on Angel and guest appearances on The Virginian, Room 222, Lucas Tanner, Cannon, Kojak, Barnaby Jones, Hart to Hart, M*A*S*H, Trapper John, M.D., Murder, She Wrote, The Trials of Rosie O'Neill, and Homicide: Life on the Street. He also voiced the role of Ben Day for the animated series These Are the Days. In 1971 Parks appeared as Jimmy Duff on "The Men From Shiloh" (rebranded name for The Virginian) in the episode titled "The Angus Killer."
Like his mother, a long-time member of Theatre West, Los Angeles's oldest membership theatre company, Parks has appeared there in many plays, including Jim Beaver's Verdigris and a revival of Spoon River Anthology, which Theatre West originally developed in the 1960s with his mother in the cast. He also appears regularly at Pacific Resident Theatre in Venice, California, in plays such as Happy End and The Quick Change Room. On other stages, he has played Geoffrey in The Lion in Winter with Joan Fontaine, Ensign Pulver in Mister Roberts, and Tom in The Glass Menagerie.
Parks is married to Katy Melody. He is the brother of composer Garrett Parks.
Filmography
1971 : The Virginian (TV series) saison 9 episode 18 (The Angus Killer) : Jimmy Duff
References
External links
1951 births
American male film actors
American male television actors
American male voice actors
Jewish American male actors
Living people
Male actors from Los Angeles
20th-century American male actors
21st-century American male actors
21st-century American Jews |
A Shire court, or moot was an Anglo-Saxon government institution, used to maintain law and order at a local level, and perform various administrative functions, including the collection of taxes for the central government.
The system originated in Wessex, then expanded to other parts of England. Although retained after the 1066 Norman conquest, it gradually lost its power, before the shire courts were formally abolished by the 1846 County Court Act.
Purpose and membership
Headed by an Earl, it was composed of local magnates, both secular and spiritual, who sat in council for the shire; also present was the county sheriff, or shire-reeve, whom, after the conquest, became the king's representative. There-after also it appears courts were headed by the local bishop, who determined the result, while the sheriff ensured it was carried out.
Most legal issues, including theft or murder, were managed by tithing and hundred courts in the south, or wapentakes in the northern shires. The shire court primarily dealt with civil issues, such as land disputes, and met at least twice a year, acting as a Court of Appeal; an issue had to have been rejected three times by a hundred court before it was passed up to the shire court.
Using multiple courts often led to arguments over jurisdiction, that delayed legal resolution; in addition to those of the hundreds, these included borough. It was possible for a wealthy and determined individual to delay judgement almost indefinitely, but few were powerful enough to do so regularly.
The practice originated in Wessex, then gradually expanded into the rest of England; a similar model was used in Wales, particularly after the 1284 Statute of Rhuddlan, although some unique Welsh practices were retained.
Another important function was collecting taxes for central government. Outside urban areas, Anglo-Saxon England was a non-cash economy, based on barter, or in kind payments. The process monetised taxes paid in goods or food lower down, with the members of the court then responsible for converting it into coin.
Decline and abolishment
The courts remained in place after the 1066 Norman Conquest, but lost their jurisdiction over the church; in return for Papal support, William the Conqueror established separate Ecclesiastical courts. Over the next century, criminal justice was gradually transferred to the Crown, starting with the Curia regis; by 1278, shire courts only tried civil cases under 40 shillings (2 pounds sterling). They continued in existence until abolished by the 1846 County Courts Act.
In middle and later mediaeval times the local criminal courts were presided over by a local Justice of the Peace, appointed by the monarch. These developed into magistrates' courts. Higher criminal courts included commissions of trailbaston and forest courts presided over by a Justice in eyre from the time of Henry II. These itinerant justices of the high court travelled around one of six eyres or regional court circuits, and by 1234 under Henry III the system had developed into the Court of King's Bench permanently based in Westminster Hall. Justices of the King's Bench were appointed by letters patent to commissions of gaol delivery and oyer and terminer which sat at assizes; these generally took place in county courts every six months in county towns during the Hilary and Trinity vacations.
See also
Court of piepowders
English criminal law
Government in medieval England
History of the courts of England and Wales
Manorial court
References
Sources
Anglo-Saxon law |
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