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() is located in Estoril, Portugal and houses a permanent exhibition of photographs, documentation and objects related to the history of refugees who stayed in the Cascais/Estoril area of Portugal during the period between 1936 and 1955. The Memorial Center, inaugurated in February 1999, is situated above the Estoril post office in a building designed by Portuguese architect Adelino Nunes. The building opened in 1942. The main objective of the Memorial Center is to "evoke the memory of one of the most important events in [Portugal's] history: to have represented a place of refuge, waiting and passage of thousands of exiles and refugees in the context of European conflicts" most notably during World War II. The Memorial Center is open to the public. List of refugees List (not exhaustive) of notable people who resided in Cascais by profession, place and duration. Artists Jean-Claude van Itallie (playwright). Pensão Royal, 08.07.1940 – 28.09.1940. Franz Werfel (author, songwriter). Grande Hotel d'Itália, 18.09.1940 – 04.10.1940. Alma Mahler (author, songwriter). Grande Hotel d'Itália, 18.09.1940 – 04.10.1940. Max Ernst (painter, sculptor). Grande Hotel d'Itália, 12.06.1940 – 24.07.1940. Peggy Guggenheim (art collector). Grande Hotel d'Itália, 12.06.1940 – 24.07.1940. Margret Boveri (author, journalist). Hotel Atlântico, 16.01.1944 – 07.02.1944. Miloš Crnjanski (Milos Crujanski) (author). Hotel de Inglaterra, 19.05.1941 – 20.08.1941 Max Ophüls (Max Ophuls) (director). Pensão de Luxo Casa Mar e Sol, 21.07.1941 – 1941. Chess players Alexander Alekhine. Hotel Palácio, 18.01.1940 – 11.02.1940. Industrial/Aviation/Engineering Paul-Louis Weiller. Grande Hotel Monte Estoril, 15.08.1940 – 23.08.1940; Hotel Atlântico, 23.08.1940 – | Casa Santa Maria and Chalet Posser de Andrade, 25.06.1940 – 10.07.1940. Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (Príncipe herdeiro Jean do Luxemburgo). Casa Santa Maria and Chalet Posser de Andrade, 25.06.1940 – 10.07.1940 Infanta Marie Anne of Portugal (Grã-Duquesa Marie-Anne do Luxemburgo). Casa Santa Maria and Chalet Posser de Andrade, 25.06.1940 – 10.07.1940. Princess Elisabeth, Duchess of Hohenberg (Princesa Elisabeth do Luxemburgo). Casa Santa Maria and Chalet Posser de Andrade, 25.06.1940 – 10.07.1940. Princess Marie Adelaide of Luxembourg (Princesa Marie Adelaide do Luxemburgo). Casa Santa Maria and Chalet Posser de Andrade, 25.06.1940 – 10.07.1940. Princess Marie Gabriele of Luxembourg (Princesa Marie Gabrielle do Luxemburgo). Casa Santa Maria and Chalet Posser de Andrade, 25.06.1940 – 10.07.1940. Prince Charles of Luxembourg (Príncipe Charles do Luxemburgo). Casa Santa Maria and Chalet Posser de Andrade, 25.06.1940 – 10.07.1940. Alix, Princess of Ligne (Princesa Alix do Luxemburgo). Casa Santa Maria and Chalet Posser de Andrade, 25.06.1940 – 10.07.1940. Duke and Duchess of Windsor. Home of Ricardo Espírito Santo, Cascais, 03.07.1940 – 31.07.1940. Umberto II (Umberto Nicola Tommaso Giovanni Maria di Savoia), last King of Italy, who lived in Cascais for 37 years. See |
Continental Airlines also began DC-10 service from Honolulu to Sydney and Auckland via Pago Pago in 1979. | Continental Airlines a également utilisé un DC-10 de Honolulu à Sydney et Auckland vers Pago Pago en 1979. |
phone number for ppl electric utilities | Emergency/Power Outages Phone Number. PPL Electric Utilities's emergency number is available 24/7 at 1-800-DIAL-PPL (1-800-342-5775). Choose option 1, then press 3 for emergency. Call 911 for other emergencies, such as contact with a power line. |
There is a ban on traffic to the islands, which includes the areas of the sea up to 500 metres away from shore and the airspace up to 500 metres above the area. | Hi ha una prohibició de trànsit a les illes, que inclou les zones del mar fins a 500 metres de la costa i l'espai aeri fins a 500 metres sobre el mar. |
title in 2014 and his grandmaster title in 2015. References External links Living people | international master title in 2014 and his grandmaster title in 2015. References External links Living people 1998 births Chess grandmasters German chess |
with Four Mile Creek north of Hamilton at Origin: Preble County east of New Paris at Flow rate At its mouth, the creek's estimated mean annual discharge is . A USGS stream gauge on the creek at Sevenmile recorded a mean annual discharge | At its mouth, the creek's estimated mean annual discharge is . A USGS stream gauge on the creek at Sevenmile recorded a mean annual discharge of during water years 1916-1920. See also List of rivers of Ohio References Rivers of Butler County, Ohio |
Where did the Fighting Irish hockey team compete prior to a move to Hockey East, in terms of conference? | Notre Dame's conference affiliations for all of its sports except football and fencing changed in July 2013 as a result of major conference realignment, and its fencing affiliation will change in July 2014. The Irish left the Big East for the ACC during a prolonged period of instability in the Big East; while they maintain their football independence, they have committed to play five games per season against ACC opponents. In ice hockey, the Irish were forced to find a new conference home after the Big Ten Conference's decision to add the sport in 2013–14 led to a cascade of conference moves that culminated in the dissolution of the school's former hockey home, the Central Collegiate Hockey Association, after the 2012–13 season. Notre Dame moved its hockey team to Hockey East. After Notre Dame joined the ACC, the conference announced it would add fencing as a sponsored sport beginning in the 2014–15 school year. There are many theories behind the adoption of the athletics moniker but it is known that the Fighting Irish name was used in the early 1920s with respect to the football team and was popularized by alumnus Francis Wallace in his New York Daily News columns. The official colors of Notre Dame are Navy Blue and Gold Rush which are worn in competition by its athletic teams. In addition, the color green is often worn because of the Fighting Irish nickname. The Notre Dame Leprechaun is the mascot of the athletic teams. Created by Theodore W. Drake in 1964, the leprechaun was first used on the football pocket schedule and later on the football program covers. The leprechaun was featured on the cover of Time in November 1964 and gained national exposure. |
Shipilovo | Шипилово (ноҳияи Судогод) |
When some people started noticing this, Hill changed his profile to say he lives in Washington, DC. | Когда некоторые стали замечать это, Хилл изменил место жительства в своём профиле на Вашигтон, округ Колумбия. |
84th Fortress Infantry Regiment. The units were under the umbrella of the 101st Fortress Infantry Division, 1st Army, Army Group 1. History of the Maginot ouvrage See Fortified Sector of Maubeuge for a broader discussion of the events of 1940 in the Maubeuge sector of the Maginot Line. During the Battle of France in 1940, the invading German forces approached Maubeuge from the south and east, to the rear of the defensive line. As the German 28th Infantry Division moved along the line of fortifications on 19 May they were fired upon by Boussois. The Germans replied with fire from 8.8cm and 15 cm guns, hitting blocks 1 and 3 at short range. Firing continued the next day and was extended to the other ouvrages of the sector, with aerial bombardment by Stukas. Late on the 21st an infantry attack on the ouvrage was repelled. By the next morning the ventilation system had failed, and ventilation had to be improvised using the drains and a portable fan. The turret was jammed, pointing in a useless direction. The fort finally surrendered at 1100 hours on the 22nd. Current condition The interiors of the Maubeuge fortifications were stripped of their equipment by the Germans in 1941. The surface of the Séré de Rivières fortifications is enveloped by weeds and thorns. The Maginot fortifications are closed to access. See also List of all works on | fort is surrounded by a ditch defended by caponiers and counterscarps. The fort featured a Mougin turret with two 155mm guns. A cavalier, or elevated surface for artillery, surmounts the reinforced barracks. Underground galleries link the salients, caponiers and counterscarps to the central portions of the fort. World War I The Fort de Boussois came under fire in 1914 during the opening phases of World War I, during the Siege of Maubeuge. On 31 August a shell killed 60 men when it hit the powder magazine. The Mougin turret jammed the same day. The fortifications of Maubeuge were by now far in the rear of the German lines. The fort surrendered to the Germans on 6 September, who blew up the caponiers and the turret at the end of the month. Design and construction The Maginot-era site was approved in 1934. Work by the contractor Caroni cost 8.26 million francs. A planned second phase was to add an artillery block and support facilities. The rise in tensions between France and Germany in the late 1930s prevented the second phase from being pursued. Description Boussois comprises three combat blocks, featuring a new combination 25mm gun/50mm mortar turret. The ouvrage was built within the walls of the old Fort de Boussois. A compact underground gallery links the three blocks and contains utility spaces, barracks and magazine space. Construction was complicated by the presence of old mines beneath the fort. Block 1: infantry block with one automatic rifle cloche (GFM-B), one mixed-arms cloche (AM), one twin machine gun embrasure and one machine gun/47mm anti-tank gun (JM/AC47) embrasure. Block 2: infantry block with one GFM cloche and one retractable 25mm gun/50mm mortar mixed-arms turret. Block 3: infantry block with two GFM cloches, one retractable mixed-arms turret, one twin machine gun embrasure and one machine gun/47mm anti-tank gun (JM/AC47) embrasure. The second phase was to add two blocks with a 75mm twin gun turret each, as well as separate munitions and personnel entries well beyond the walls of the old fort. A number of small blockhouses are associated |
what difference between business and job? | Business is run by your Gratitude but the Job is by your Boss. In Business, you are the boss but in Job, you work under Boss. |
Ełk County | Condado de Ełk |
Germán Cardona Gutiérrez | خيرمان كاردونا غوتيريز |
Sales had scored 2,178 points and Bascom 2,177 in their careers. | Sales había anotado 2.178 puntos y Bascom 2.177 en sus carreras. |
Unopened refrigerated Feta cheese over a year old | Can crumbled feta cheese last almost a year? |
As part of a general healthy diet, consumption of whole grains is associated with lower risk of several diseases. | Dans le cadre d'un régime alimentaire sain, la consommation de grains entiers est associée à un risque moindre de plusieurs maladies. |
She was also featured in a chapter of the 1995 book The Beauty Trip. | También fue mencionada en un capítulo del libro El Viaje de Belleza de 1995. |
are mice attracted to cooking oil? | And what do my mice like eating? Vegetable oil. A frying pan, even washed clean, delights them. |
In Fall 1995, the U.S. Marine Corps conducted a trial of the GPU-5 on the LCAC-66, as a potential weapon to provide suppressive fire for landing forces. | Восени 1995 Корпус морської піхоти США провели випробування GPU-5 на LCAC-66, як потенційне озброєння для ведення вогню на придушення при висадці на узбережжя. |
how to transfer money from one account to another in paytm? | ["Open the Paytm App & Tap on. 'Bank Transfer' Icon. ... ", 'Link your bank account with Paytm. Choose the bank with registered mobile number as your Paytm Number. ... ', 'Account link Successful. ... ', 'Enter the Details of the A/C Holder. ... ', 'Fill in the Amount to Be Transferred. ... ', "A 'Transaction Successful' Message Will Reflect on the Screen."] |
that Gordon is unconscious when they meet Alfred Pennyworth. At the conclusion of Batman: The Black Mirror, Gordon strongly implies to Dick Grayson that he is aware of the secret identities of Grayson and the Waynes, when he thanks Grayson for everything he had done for him over the course of the story. Grayson attempts to brush this off, thinking Gordon meant only the forensic assistance he had given, from which Gordon cuts him off, saying "I mean, thank you. On all fronts." A long moment of silence follows, and Grayson accepts his thanks. During Gordon's brief career as Batman when Bruce was suffering total amnesia after his temporary death in his last fight with the Joker, Gordon meets with Bruce Wayne and introduces himself as Batman, noting how strange it is to be saying that to Bruce, but his response could suggest that he considers it strange based on the public perception that Bruce Wayne was Batman's financial backer rather than making it clear that he knows who Bruce was. After Bruce is forced to sacrifice his new persona to download his old memories as Batman into his mind to save Gotham from new villain Mr. Bloom, Gordon apologizes for making Batman come back, noting that his friend was at peace while he was away, and starts to call him 'B...' before stopping himself, but Batman ignores the near-name in favor of assuring Gordon that the man he might have been without Batman died long ago. Knowledge in other continuities In Frank Miller's The Dark Knight Returns, Gordon and Bruce Wayne are portrayed as close friends in their civilian identities, with Gordon having discovered Batman's identity years before around the time of Bruce's retirement in his mid-forties (Bruce is explicitly identified as being 55 at the time of the story). In the Batman: Year 100 storyline, which takes place in 2039, Captain Jim Gordon, grandson of commissioner Gordon, finds an old laptop in the attic of a country home owned by Gordon and discovers a secret file which he assumes contains long-lost information on Batman. After unsuccessfully trying numerous passwords with relevance to the Batman universe he inputs "Bruce Wayne" and is granted access to the file contents. In the Flashpoint universe, Gordon knows about Thomas Wayne's identity as Batman and works with him in both his identities. In the Batman - Vampire trilogy in the Elseworlds series, Gordon is shown to be aware of Batman's connection to Alfred Pennyworth by the second graphic novel in the trilogy, working with Alfred as Batman succumbs to his new, darker nature, but his knowledge of Batman's identity as Bruce Wayne is virtually irrelevant as Batman had abandoned his life as Bruce Wayne after he was transformed into a full vampire while fighting Dracula. As in most continuities, Gordon decides in the Christopher Nolan trilogy that he prefers to remain ignorant of Batman's identity and agrees that his anonymity – even in death – has sociological value. Immediately prior to Batman's apparent self-sacrifice near the end of The Dark Knight Rises, Gordon learns the truth when Batman makes a reference to Gordon's kindness to him as a child. Following Batman's apparent death in a nuclear detonation, Gordon attends Wayne's empty-casket burial with Blake and Wayne's/Batman's confidants, Alfred Pennyworth and Lucius Fox. In Sean Murphy's Batman: White Knight, the Joker – now known as Jack Napier – is cured of his mental illness and legally prosecutes Gordon and the GCPD, holding them accountable for cooperating with Batman for decades. As a member of the city council, Napier suggests redrecting funds dedicated to repairing damages to the city caused by Batman to the GCPD and argues that Batman should have shared his technology with the GCPD long ago. Napier's arguments cause a rift between Gordon and Batman, ending with Batman unmasking himself to Gordon in order to regain his trust. Initially, Gordon discourages Batman from revealing his secret identity to the public, but in the sequel, Batman: Curse of the White Knight, Gordon changes his mind when the Joker publicly reveals Batgirl's secret identity, believing that this would not have happened if Batman had publicly unmasked. Even though Gordon expresses regret over blaming Batman for the Joker's actions, they never get a chance to reconcile as Gordon is murdered shortly thereafter by Azrael. Family Pre-Crisis Anthony "Tony" Gordon In Pre-Crisis continuity, Jim Gordon is the biological father of Anthony "Tony" Gordon. Originally referred to as a college student, Tony later disappears while hiding from Communist spies. He is later reunited with his sister, Barbara, and dies in a battle with the Sino-Supermen (Batman Family #12, Detective Comics #482). In Post-Crisis continuity, there has been no mention of Tony Gordon. Barbara "Barb" Gordon Barbara "Barb" Gordon is the biological daughter of James "Jim" Gordon in Pre-Crisis continuity. She also leads a double life as a librarian and as costumed crimefighter Batgirl. Barbara is also the link of the DC Universe Oracle. Her father is aware of her crime-fighting career and is proud of her for it. Post-Crisis Barbara Eileen Kean Barbara Eileen Kean is Gordon's ex-wife and mother of Barbara Gordon in Post-Crisis continuity. Her history and existence has been repeatedly retconned over the years, sometimes implying that she died in a car crash, other times that she left Gotham with James for Chicago. During the New 52 era, Barbara left her family because she was afraid that James Jr. would hurt his sister. Several years later, she returns to Gotham in the hopes of re-connecting with her daughter. In Batman: Year One, Detective Gordon has a brief affair with Detective Sarah Essen. Gordon tries to rebuild his relationship with his family after Essen leaves Gotham. Gordon and his wife attend marriage counseling. Melinda McGraw portrayed Barbara Kean in The Dark Knight. Grey DeLisle voiced her in Batman: Year One. Erin Richards portrays Barbara Kean in Gotham. Introduced as Jim Gordon's fiancée, she turns to crime after murdering her wealthy parents, and eventually becomes one of the most powerful gangsters in the city. In the show's final season, she becomes pregnant after a one-night stand with Gordon, who has by now left her for Lee Thompkins, and gives birth to their daughter, Barbara Lee. The show's series finale portrays her years later having given up crime and become a legitimate businesswoman, and sharing custody of Barbara Lee with Gordon and Thompkins. The series also portrays her as being bisexual, and having on-off relationships with Renee Montoya and Tabitha Galavan. Sara J. Southey portrays Barbara Kean in Batwoman. In the episode "We're All Mad Here", Barbara is an art gallery owner and member of Black Glove. After witnessing James Jr. tie a labradoodle to the train tracks, Barbara used different medicines on him which left him in a vegetative state at Arkham Asylum. Marquis Jet later kidnapped her, Jada Jet, and the other Black Glove members where Marquis subjected Barbara to the same medicines through a special gas mask. Batwoman was able to save her and Jada while arranging for Barbara to get medical help. Kari Wuhrer voiced her in Batman: Gotham by Gaslight. Lake Bell voiced her in Harley Quinn. Amy Landecker voiced her in Batman: The Long Halloween. James Gordon Jr. Gordon and his wife, Barbara Kean are the parents of a son named James Gordon Jr. (Batman #404-407). James Jr. and his mother moved to Chicago after she divorced the elder Gordon. After his introduction in Batman: Year One, the character appeared almost exclusively in comics set during the Year One era, and went virtually unmentioned in present day. Scott Snyder's story Batman: The Black Mirror reintroduced James Jr. as an adult, and establishes that he is a sociopath who tortures and kills for pleasure. He is institutionalized as a teenager after he disfigures a school bus driver who insulted him. After he is released years later, he commits a series of brutal murders, while trying to frame the Joker for his crimes. After nearly killing his mother, and capturing his step-sister, James Jr. is apprehended by his father and Batman (Dick Grayson), and institutionalized in Arkham. In The New 52, James Jr. appears in the Batgirl series. He escapes from Arkham, and begins stalking his sister, whom he views as a rival for his father's affection. The series reveals that he deliberately caused the divorce of his parents: he killed a cat his mother had bought for Barbara and then threatened to kill his sister if she did not leave the family and threatened to kill Barbara if she tried to contact them ever again. A different version of James Gordon Jr. appears briefly in the films Batman Begins and The Dark Knight, in which he is portrayed as the young son of James and Barbara. In the latter film, Two-Face tries to kill the boy in order to get back at Gordon, whom he blames for the death of his fiancée, Rachel Dawes. Batman saves James Jr. by tackling Two-Face off of a roof, killing him. Sarah Essen Sarah Essen (Batman Annual #13, Batman: Legends of the Dark Knight Annual #2) was first referenced as Gordon's wife during the future tale The Dark Knight Returns. She first appeared fully in Batman: Year One as a co-worker with whom Gordon has an extra-marital affair. After realizing they could not be together, she transferred out of state. Years after his divorce, Sarah returns to Gotham, and the two renew their relationship. After marrying Gordon, Sarah is murdered by Joker at the end of the No Man's Land storyline. Flashpoint altered the events in the DC Universe's timeline, so during The New 52 era, Sarah's marriage to Gordon never happened. However, starting with 2016's DC Rebirth, characters have begun to remember pre-New 52 events. As such, in The Joker (vol. 2) #6, Jim Gordon refers to Barbara Kean Gordon as his first wife, which implies that he married another woman after her. Other versions The Dark Knight Returns Jim Gordon appears in the limited series Batman: The Dark Knight Returns, which presents a future where a retiring Gordon not only knows Batman's identity, but is good friends with Bruce Wayne. He then makes a cameo on Batman: The Dark Knight Strikes Again. Now retired, he has written a book about Batman, who is believed to be dead. Gordon is also referred to in the first issue of the series, All Star Batman and Robin the Boy Wonder, set in the same universe as and prior to The Dark Knight Returns. He made a full appearance on issue #6, as a police captain, having a conversation with his ex-partner, Sarah Essen, about Batman. He's still married to Barbara Kean, who is now an alcoholic, and has a troubled son, James Jr. Just as other continuities, his daughter, Barbara, who is 15, becomes Batgirl. Frank Miller has commented that the series is set in his Dark Knight Universe, which includes all of the Batman works by Frank Miller, therefore Barbara's inclusion confirms that Gordon had two children during Batman: Year One, at least in Miller's version of the continuity. At the end of the series, it's implied that, despite being married to Barbara Kean, he's still in love with Sarah. JLA: Earth 2 On the Anti-Matter Earth, where the evil Crime Syndicate of America live, Commissioner Gordon's counterpart is a crime boss named Boss Gordon, an ally to Owlman. Boss Gordon is the city's leading crime boss until his empire is toppled by Batman and commissioner Thomas Wayne. JLA: The Nail In a world where Superman was never found by the Kents, reference is made to Gordon having been murdered shortly before the events of the story, resulting in Gotham's police department being granted extra powers of authority in his absence, although these are never fully explained. Batman: Gotham Noir In the Elseworlds title Batman: Gotham Noir, Jim Gordon is an alcoholic hard-boiled private detective who had left the police force following a failure to solve the disappearance of a judge. He is Selina Kyle's former lover and Bruce Wayne's wartime partner. Batman: In Darkest Knight In the Elseworlds story Batman: In Darkest Knight, Jim Gordon is an honest cop who distrusts Green Lantern (who in this reality is Bruce Wayne) because of his near-limitless power. Lantern comes to Gordon in order to find the identity of the man who killed his parents, but Gordon rebukes him. Later on, he changes his mind and starts investigating, but he is then interrupted and killed by Sinestro, who ruptures his heart. Vampire Batman In the Vampire Batman Elseworlds trilogy that began with Batman & Dracula: Red Rain, Gordon learns that a coven of vampires, led by Count Dracula himself, is behind a series of murders. Dracula captures him, but he defies the vampire even as he is bled from a cut on his neck, with Batman arriving in time to save Gordon from bleeding to death before confronting Dracula, the Dark Knight now a vampire himself thanks to the aid of renegade vampires opposing Dracula. In the sequel Batman: Bloodstorm, as Batman acts alone while struggling to resist his thirst for blood, Gordon and Alfred collaborate to form a team to eliminate a new family of vampires in daylight while they sleep, but even after the other vampires have been destroyed, Gordon and Alfred are forced to stake Batman after he succumbs to his thirst and drains the Joker's blood. The third part of the trilogy— Batman: Crimson Mist— sees Gordon and Alfred forced to work with Two-Face and Killer Croc to stop the vampire Batman, returned from the staking and having already targeted and killed Penguin, Riddler, Scarecrow and Poison Ivy, Gordon grimly stating that, even if he is only killing criminals, the man they knew would never have killed. The story concludes with Gordon being crushed by debris from the Batcave roof after explosives are planted to destroy it, thus exposing Batman to the sunlight and ending his reign of terror. Earth-8 In Lord Havok and the Lord Havok and the Extremists #3, an alternate version of Gordon, known as Zombie Gordon is featured as part of Monarch's army. A flesh-hungry beast, Zombie Gordon is kept in line by Bat-Soldier, via a large chain. Flashpoint In the alternate timeline of the Flashpoint event, James Gordon is the chief of police, instead of being commissioner, and also works with Thomas Wayne, the Flashpoint version of Batman. Later, Gordon tries to convince Batman that he does not have to fight villains by himself, but Batman refuses. When Gordon locates Martha Wayne (this continuity's version of the Joker) in old Wayne Manor, he goes in without backup. Gordon is then tricked into shooting Harvey Dent's daughter, having been disguised as Joker, as she had been taped to a chair and had her mouth taped shut with a smile painted on the tape. Martha then appears and slashes Gordon's throat, and Gordon dies by Joker venom. Earth One In the graphic novel by Geoff Johns and Gary Frank, Batman: Earth One, Jim Gordon is featured as a central character. In the story, he's a broken man who has given up on fighting corruption until the emergence of Batman. He is also partnered with a young Harvey Bullock. On the trail of the "Birthday Boy" killings, Gordon and Batman put aside their differences and stop the killer while saving Gordon's daughter Barbara. In the sequel, Gordon begin his alliance with Batman to combat the Riddler, who plots to takeover the remnant of Oswald Cobblepott's criminal empire. He is also being promoted as police captain after he arrested his corrupted predecessor. Injustice: Gods Among Us In the prequel to the video game Injustice: Gods Among Us, Gordon learns via Superman's x-ray vision that he has terminal lung cancer. Later on he, Bullock and Montoya join forces with Batman's Insurgency to fight the Regime, and together they attack the Hall of Justice. Batman's inside man, Lex Luthor, notes that Gordon's cancer is worsening due his taking "super pills" that give people superhuman abilities. Gordon takes two of the super pills to save Barbara from Cyborg on the Watchtower, as he is scanning to find her location, accelerating the cancer to the point that he has only minutes to live. After the battle, Gordon thanks Batman and says goodbye to Barbara as he dies, looking down on the Earth. Batman: Damned In the Batman: Damned miniseries, printed under the DC Black Label, Gordon is seen questioning a homeless man who had apparently witnessed the showdown between Batman and the Joker that led to Joker's death. Gordon is next seen at the police standoff with Harley Quinn and the rest of the Joker's henchmen, attempting in vain to get them to stand down. Dark Multiverse Various versions of Gordon appear in the Dark Multiverse depicted in Dark Nights: Metal: In the world of the Dawnbreaker, where Bruce Wayne received a Green Lantern ring after the deaths of his parents, Gordon attempts to confront the Dawnbreaker about his use of lethal force on criminals, but the Dawnbreaker kills him. In the world of the Batman Who Laughs, Gordon's death contributed to Batman's final confrontation with the Joker, which led to Batman being contaminated by his foe's blood and transformed into the twisted 'Batman Who Laughs'. In the world of the Grim Knight, where Batman's use of guns and lethal force led to him turning Gotham into a police state, Gordon was eventually able to determine Batman's secret identity with the aid of information from Alfred, who became unable to countenance Batman's use of lethal force on all criminals, allowing him to arrest Bruce Wayne. In other media Television Live-action In the 1960s Batman series, Commissioner Gordon was played by Neil Hamilton, and is portrayed as not only having the Bat-Signal at his disposal, but also a red emergency hotline telephone (known as the Bat-Phone) that connects directly to the Batcave, the Batmobile and (unbeknownst to Gordon) Bruce Wayne's study. Gordon's switchboard operators are twice shown to be able to trunk incoming lines into the Batphone circuit, enabling him to telephone Batman from remote locations (ironically once from Wayne Manor, and the other from a phone booth adjacent to that being used by Bruce Wayne). Batman (Adam West) and Robin (Burt Ward) are regular visitors to his office. The series occasionally made light of his dependence on Batman. In "The Devil's Fingers", when Batman is apparently unavailable, Gordon and Police Chief O'Hara (Stafford Repp) lament that they will have to solve a case by themselves; this contrasted the cold open of the pilot episode "Hi Diddle Riddle", in which Gordon reluctantly decides to summon Batman only after O'Hara and all of his bureau chiefs gather and unanimously agree that the Riddler (Frank Gorshin) is beyond their abilities. This version of Gordon has at least two grown children, the elder of whom is unspecified but has given him at least two grandchildren, and the younger being Barbara (Yvonne Craig), who, unbeknownst to her father, is Batgirl. His wife is occasionally mentioned but never named. Commissioner James "Jimmy" Gordon is mentioned in The Flash episode "Flash of Two Worlds". In the 2014 Fox drama Gotham, James "Jim" Gordon is played by Ben McKenzie and is portrayed as an idealistic rookie detective in the corrupt Gotham City Police Department and a war veteran of the United States Army. His late father was Gotham's district attorney, whom crime boss Carmine Falcone (John Doman) claims was on his payroll. Gordon is the first police officer to interview Bruce Wayne (David Mazouz) after his parents are murdered in the pilot episode, and vows to solve the murders. He is quickly drawn into the city's underbelly, thanks to his shady partner Harvey Bullock (Donal Logue) and small-time criminal Oswald Cobblepot (Robin Lord Taylor). He also makes two new acquaintances: a teenage street thief named Selina Kyle (Camren Bicondova) who witnessed the Waynes' murder, and Gotham's young assistant district attorney, Harvey Dent (Nicholas D'Agosto), who pledges to help Gordon find the killer. The series also portrays his turbulent romances with socialite Barbara Kean (Erin Richards) and Arkham physician Leslie Thompkins (Morena Baccarin), his efforts to rid the GCPD of corruption, and his quest to stop corrupt billionaire Theo Galavan (James Frain) and the Sacred Order of Saint Dumas from taking over the city. This version of the character is forced to kill in self-defense a gangster while "collecting a debt" for Cobblepot and commits what could arguably be considered murder. He shoots the unarmed Galavan (who is later resurrected) in the head. In the series finale, "The Beginning...", Gordon has been Gotham's Police Commissioner for 10 years, and is the first to see the vigilante Batman. Commissioner Gordon is mentioned in the Titans episode "Dick Grayson", in which Gordon is killed by Joker in a potential future. In the episode "Barbara Gordon", the characters mention that Mr. Freeze trapped Commissioner Gordon in a block of ice with his freeze gun. Gordon died of a heart attack after being thawed, and his daughter Barbara Gordon became the new police commissioner. A photograph of Gordon appears in this episode. Animation Ted Knight provided the voice of James Gordon in The Batman/Superman Hour. Jim Gordon makes two appearances in Super Friends: He first appeared in Challenge of the Super Friends, voiced by Danny Dark. In the episode "Super Friends, Rest In Peace", the Riddler and Cheetah hold Gordon hostage so they can kill Batman with the Noxium Crystal. The second is in The Super Powers Team: Galactic Guardians. In the episode "The Fear", Gordon and Jonathan Crane try to find and arrest the Scarecrow. Gordon and Batman are both unaware that Crane is Scarecrow. He also appeared in some of the comics related to the show. In Filmation's 1977 The New Adventures of Batman, Commissioner Gordon is voiced by Lennie Weinrib. The character has been featured in the DC Animated Universe, voiced by veteran voice actor Bob Hastings: Commissioner Gordon initially appeared in the 1990s Batman: The Animated Series. His relationship with Batman was similar to that in the comics. Many scenes in the series portray Batman and the commissioner having clandestine meetings at the Bat-Signal. A flashback in the episode "Robin's Reckoning" depicts the young version as having red hair. In the episode "I Am the Night", it is revealed that Batman sees Gordon as a surrogate father - the same age had his own father still been alive - and is deeply upset when Gordon is seriously wounded by the criminal Jimmy "The Jazzman" Peek. Commissioner Gordon also appeared in Batman: Mask of the Phantasm and Batman & Mr. Freeze: SubZero. In the latter movie, he is shown to be aware of Dick Grayson's relationship with his daughter and after Grayson gets injured trying to rescue her, states that he approves of it. Commissioner Gordon has appeared in The New Batman Adventures. Like the rest of the cast, Gordon was redesigned for the new series. Although his design remains relatively similar to before, his build became more slender than previously, and his hair was then cropped into a flat-top design. In the episode "Holiday Knights", it is shown that Batman and Gordon meet every year on New Year's Eve in a diner to celebrate 'survival' as Gordon puts it. In the episode "Over the Edge", Barbara Gordon suffers from the Scarecrow's fear toxins, producing a nightmare where Batgirl is killed while fighting escaped Arkham inmates, without telling her father her secret. Gordon blames Batman for Barbara's death, and launches a manhunt against his former ally after discovering his secret identity on Barbara's computer. After the nightmare, Barbara tries to admit her secret identity to her father, but he says that he trusts her with whatever choices she makes, and that she doesn't need to tell him anything. The episode implies that Gordon already knows that his daughter is Batgirl, but keeps it to himself. Commissioner Gordon also appeared in Superman: The Animated Series. In "World's Finest, Part One" he investigates a robbery where a dragon statue made of Kryptonite is stolen. In "Knight Time", Gordon waits for Batman with Detective Renee Montoya. What Gordon doesn't know is that he is speaking with Superman in disguise. Commissioner Gordon appeared in Batman: Mystery of the Batwoman as well. Commissioner Gordon appeared in Static Shock. In the episode "Hard as Nails", Batman and Static visit him when Poison Ivy and Harley Quinn hijack a cargo ship carrying gold bricks. The spin-off Batman Beyond portrays Barbara Gordon, who by then retired from vigilantism as having followed in her father's footsteps as Gotham's new police commissioner; a picture of Jim Gordon appears on Barbara's desk in the third episode "Black Out". In Batman Beyond: Return of the Joker, Barbara Gordon reveals to Terry McGinnis that her father is one of the few people besides Dr. Leslie Thompkins and possibly Alfred Pennyworth and Dick Grayson who knew about Tim Drake's traumatic encounter with the Joker, implying that he also learned and kept secret Batman's and possibly Robin's true identities up until he passed away. Jim Gordon appeared in The Batman, voiced by Mitch Pileggi. This version is depicted as a newly appointed Gotham City police commissioner after an incident involving the Joker, Penguin, and Riddler. He ends the manhunt against Batman and goes public with his support for the crime fighter in order to help make Gotham safer for his daughter Barbara Gordon. Commissioner Gordon is alluded in Batman: The Brave and the Bold. In the episode "Deep Cover for Batman!", Batman calls the commissioner to tell him that he has thwarted the Riddler's crossword puzzle crime spree. In the episode "The Color of Revenge", a flashback reveals that Batman got a call from Gordon that Crazy Quilt had broken into the museum to steal the Stimulated Emission Light Amplifier. At the episode's end, Batman gets a message from Gordon stating that Killer Moth has hijacked the Gotham Bank Money Train. In the episode "The Knights of Tomorrow", Gordon makes an appearance at Bruce Wayne and Selina Kyle's wedding as part of a story that Alfred Pennyworth is writing. He also appears with no lines in the episode "Joker: The Vile and The Villainous". His Zur-En-Arrh counterpart Chancellor Gor-Zonn (voiced by Corey Burton) appears in the episode "The Super Batman of Planet X", informing the Batman of Zur-En-Arrh of Rothul's attacks. Commissioner Gordon appears in the Young Justice animated series episode "Misplaced", voiced by Corey Burton. Commissioner Gordon appears in the Super Best Friends Forever series of shorts. Commissioner Gordon makes cameo appearances in Teen Titans Go!. Most of his appearances have him in the company of Batman. In the episode "La Larva de Amor", while Silkie is floating down a river in a bucket, Silkie floats past Batman and Gordon who are fishing on a dock. In "Girls Night Out", Gordon is seen in his police car laughing with Batman when they see Starfire, Raven and Jinx speed by with the police in pursuit. In the episode "Sidekick", Gordon is shown enjoying the ultimate batarang with Batman, both of them laughing. In the episode "Slumber Party", the Titans sneak onto Wayne Manor and tee-pee his fountain statue to resemble Batgirl. Batman and Gordon then go outside and find the statue, causing both of them to laugh, implying that he knows Batman's secret identity. He next appears in "The Cruel Giggling Ghost" where he, along with Batman, dress up as the two-headed ghoul to scare people away from the amusement park so they wouldn't have to wait in line for the bumper cars. A younger version of Jim Gordon appears in Beware the Batman, voiced by Kurtwood Smith. He starts out as a lieutenant who distrusts Batman, clashing with Barbara's support for him. Gordon reluctantly teams up with Batman to save Barbara from Tobias Whale and Phosphorus Rex, and gradually begins to trust Batman and work alongside him, even installing the Bat-Signal. In "Nexus", Gordon is promoted to police commissioner after Commissioner Correa is killed by ninjas working for the League of Assassins. Commissioner Gordon makes a non-speaking cameo appearance in Justice League Action episode "Galaxy Jest". Commissioner Gordon appears in the 2019 animated series DC Super Hero Girls, voiced by Fred Tatasciore. This version of the character has retired as Gotham City's police commissioner and moved to Metropolis with his teenage daughter Barbara. Commissioner Gordon appears in Harley Quinn, voiced by Christopher Meloni. Unlike most versions, this Gordon has succumbed to the toils and stress of policing Gotham and its supervillains. As such, he has become exhausted, constantly nervous, alcoholic, and at times borderline psychotic; often ranting and raving before being reined in by Batman. It has also been suggested that his job has been damaging his marriage, as he reveals that his wife was cheating on him before quickly admitting he understood why. In a flashback sequence during " All the Best Inmates Have Daddy Issues", Gordon was depicted as having an athletic slim physique before becoming overweight in the present. During season two, Gordon lost control of GCPD's remnants and his wife amidst the chaos of Joker destroying Gotham and seemingly killing Batman. While crashing with his daughter Barbara, he unknowingly inspired her to become Batgirl, and was later asked by a recuperating Batman to work with her to keep Gotham safe. After losing more of his self-confidence, Barbara reveals her identity to her father, inspiring him to overcome his alcoholism and retake the GCPD headquarters from Two-Face. Once he becomes commissioner again, Gordon is immediately tasked by the President of the United States to kill Harley Quinn so Gotham can rejoin the U.S. Though she brings an army of Parademons to combat his rallied Gotham citizens, she ultimately forfeits the battle. While helping Batman round up the Parademons, he was forced to team up with Harley to defeat a vengeful Doctor Psycho after he uses his psychic powers to enslave the Parademons and most of Harley's crew in order to conquer Gotham and, subsequently, the world. In the season two finale, "The Runaway Bridesmaid", Gordon is left frustrated when Gotham's mayor fails to recognize his efforts in saving the city. After listening to his rants, Two-Face manipulates him into running for mayor and earning recognition by arresting all of the attending supervillains at Poison Ivy and Kite Man's wedding. Though he and his officers successfully infiltrate the wedding and nearly succeed, Harley foils his plans, forcing him to call for reinforcements and turn the wedding into an all-out war. Film Live-action | the Night", it is revealed that Batman sees Gordon as a surrogate father - the same age had his own father still been alive - and is deeply upset when Gordon is seriously wounded by the criminal Jimmy "The Jazzman" Peek. Commissioner Gordon also appeared in Batman: Mask of the Phantasm and Batman & Mr. Freeze: SubZero. In the latter movie, he is shown to be aware of Dick Grayson's relationship with his daughter and after Grayson gets injured trying to rescue her, states that he approves of it. Commissioner Gordon has appeared in The New Batman Adventures. Like the rest of the cast, Gordon was redesigned for the new series. Although his design remains relatively similar to before, his build became more slender than previously, and his hair was then cropped into a flat-top design. In the episode "Holiday Knights", it is shown that Batman and Gordon meet every year on New Year's Eve in a diner to celebrate 'survival' as Gordon puts it. In the episode "Over the Edge", Barbara Gordon suffers from the Scarecrow's fear toxins, producing a nightmare where Batgirl is killed while fighting escaped Arkham inmates, without telling her father her secret. Gordon blames Batman for Barbara's death, and launches a manhunt against his former ally after discovering his secret identity on Barbara's computer. After the nightmare, Barbara tries to admit her secret identity to her father, but he says that he trusts her with whatever choices she makes, and that she doesn't need to tell him anything. The episode implies that Gordon already knows that his daughter is Batgirl, but keeps it to himself. Commissioner Gordon also appeared in Superman: The Animated Series. In "World's Finest, Part One" he investigates a robbery where a dragon statue made of Kryptonite is stolen. In "Knight Time", Gordon waits for Batman with Detective Renee Montoya. What Gordon doesn't know is that he is speaking with Superman in disguise. Commissioner Gordon appeared in Batman: Mystery of the Batwoman as well. Commissioner Gordon appeared in Static Shock. In the episode "Hard as Nails", Batman and Static visit him when Poison Ivy and Harley Quinn hijack a cargo ship carrying gold bricks. The spin-off Batman Beyond portrays Barbara Gordon, who by then retired from vigilantism as having followed in her father's footsteps as Gotham's new police commissioner; a picture of Jim Gordon appears on Barbara's desk in the third episode "Black Out". In Batman Beyond: Return of the Joker, Barbara Gordon reveals to Terry McGinnis that her father is one of the few people besides Dr. Leslie Thompkins and possibly Alfred Pennyworth and Dick Grayson who knew about Tim Drake's traumatic encounter with the Joker, implying that he also learned and kept secret Batman's and possibly Robin's true identities up until he passed away. Jim Gordon appeared in The Batman, voiced by Mitch Pileggi. This version is depicted as a newly appointed Gotham City police commissioner after an incident involving the Joker, Penguin, and Riddler. He ends the manhunt against Batman and goes public with his support for the crime fighter in order to help make Gotham safer for his daughter Barbara Gordon. Commissioner Gordon is alluded in Batman: The Brave and the Bold. In the episode "Deep Cover for Batman!", Batman calls the commissioner to tell him that he has thwarted the Riddler's crossword puzzle crime spree. In the episode "The Color of Revenge", a flashback reveals that Batman got a call from Gordon that Crazy Quilt had broken into the museum to steal the Stimulated Emission Light Amplifier. At the episode's end, Batman gets a message from Gordon stating that Killer Moth has hijacked the Gotham Bank Money Train. In the episode "The Knights of Tomorrow", Gordon makes an appearance at Bruce Wayne and Selina Kyle's wedding as part of a story that Alfred Pennyworth is writing. He also appears with no lines in the episode "Joker: The Vile and The Villainous". His Zur-En-Arrh counterpart Chancellor Gor-Zonn (voiced by Corey Burton) appears in the episode "The Super Batman of Planet X", informing the Batman of Zur-En-Arrh of Rothul's attacks. Commissioner Gordon appears in the Young Justice animated series episode "Misplaced", voiced by Corey Burton. Commissioner Gordon appears in the Super Best Friends Forever series of shorts. Commissioner Gordon makes cameo appearances in Teen Titans Go!. Most of his appearances have him in the company of Batman. In the episode "La Larva de Amor", while Silkie is floating down a river in a bucket, Silkie floats past Batman and Gordon who are fishing on a dock. In "Girls Night Out", Gordon is seen in his police car laughing with Batman when they see Starfire, Raven and Jinx speed by with the police in pursuit. In the episode "Sidekick", Gordon is shown enjoying the ultimate batarang with Batman, both of them laughing. In the episode "Slumber Party", the Titans sneak onto Wayne Manor and tee-pee his fountain statue to resemble Batgirl. Batman and Gordon then go outside and find the statue, causing both of them to laugh, implying that he knows Batman's secret identity. He next appears in "The Cruel Giggling Ghost" where he, along with Batman, dress up as the two-headed ghoul to scare people away from the amusement park so they wouldn't have to wait in line for the bumper cars. A younger version of Jim Gordon appears in Beware the Batman, voiced by Kurtwood Smith. He starts out as a lieutenant who distrusts Batman, clashing with Barbara's support for him. Gordon reluctantly teams up with Batman to save Barbara from Tobias Whale and Phosphorus Rex, and gradually begins to trust Batman and work alongside him, even installing the Bat-Signal. In "Nexus", Gordon is promoted to police commissioner after Commissioner Correa is killed by ninjas working for the League of Assassins. Commissioner Gordon makes a non-speaking cameo appearance in Justice League Action episode "Galaxy Jest". Commissioner Gordon appears in the 2019 animated series DC Super Hero Girls, voiced by Fred Tatasciore. This version of the character has retired as Gotham City's police commissioner and moved to Metropolis with his teenage daughter Barbara. Commissioner Gordon appears in Harley Quinn, voiced by Christopher Meloni. Unlike most versions, this Gordon has succumbed to the toils and stress of policing Gotham and its supervillains. As such, he has become exhausted, constantly nervous, alcoholic, and at times borderline psychotic; often ranting and raving before being reined in by Batman. It has also been suggested that his job has been damaging his marriage, as he reveals that his wife was cheating on him before quickly admitting he understood why. In a flashback sequence during " All the Best Inmates Have Daddy Issues", Gordon was depicted as having an athletic slim physique before becoming overweight in the present. During season two, Gordon lost control of GCPD's remnants and his wife amidst the chaos of Joker destroying Gotham and seemingly killing Batman. While crashing with his daughter Barbara, he unknowingly inspired her to become Batgirl, and was later asked by a recuperating Batman to work with her to keep Gotham safe. After losing more of his self-confidence, Barbara reveals her identity to her father, inspiring him to overcome his alcoholism and retake the GCPD headquarters from Two-Face. Once he becomes commissioner again, Gordon is immediately tasked by the President of the United States to kill Harley Quinn so Gotham can rejoin the U.S. Though she brings an army of Parademons to combat his rallied Gotham citizens, she ultimately forfeits the battle. While helping Batman round up the Parademons, he was forced to team up with Harley to defeat a vengeful Doctor Psycho after he uses his psychic powers to enslave the Parademons and most of Harley's crew in order to conquer Gotham and, subsequently, the world. In the season two finale, "The Runaway Bridesmaid", Gordon is left frustrated when Gotham's mayor fails to recognize his efforts in saving the city. After listening to his rants, Two-Face manipulates him into running for mayor and earning recognition by arresting all of the attending supervillains at Poison Ivy and Kite Man's wedding. Though he and his officers successfully infiltrate the wedding and nearly succeed, Harley foils his plans, forcing him to call for reinforcements and turn the wedding into an all-out war. Film Live-action In the 1949 15-episode movie serial Batman and Robin, commissioner Gordon was portrayed by Ed Wood regular Lyle Talbot. Commissioner Gordon was played by Neil Hamilton in Batman: The Movie, based on the 1960s TV series. He advised Batman and Robin which supervillains were at large. Burton/Schumacher series In the Tim Burton/Joel Schumacher film adaptations of Batman, Commissioner Gordon is portrayed by Pat Hingle. In the script written by Tom Mankiewicz for the unmade The Batman film, which was later made as the 1989 film Batman, Gordon was set to appear as Commissioner and named David, instead of James Worthington. William Holden was considered for the role. In Batman (1989), Gordon regards Batman (Michael Keaton) as a rumor at best and vigilante at worst, though by the end of the film, Gordon publicly acknowledges the hero's usefulness and helps present the Bat-Signal. Gordon's wife briefly appears in Batman, but is not seen or mentioned in the sequels. In Batman Returns (1992), when the Penguin (Danny DeVito) has Batman framed for murder, it is implied Gordon is not entirely convinced, as he is not willing to use lethal force in order to apprehend him, and publicly refers to Batman's batarang at the crime scene as "purely circumstantial". In Batman Forever (1995), Gordon is shown to be fairly well acquainted with Bruce Wayne (Val Kilmer), but unaware that he is Batman. He arrives at the scene of Wayne Enterprises employee Fred Stickley's (Ed Begley, Jr.) apparent suicide, unaware that he was actually murdered by Edward Nygma (Jim Carrey). Gordon is also present at the circus when Two-Face (Tommy Lee Jones) murders Dick Grayson's (Chris O'Donnell) family, and he later brings Dick to Wayne Manor after Bruce volunteers to take care of the young man. Although Barbara Gordon is his daughter in most continuities, in Batman & Robin (1997), Batgirl is characterized as Alfred Pennyworth's (Michael Gough) niece, Barbara Wilson (Alicia Silverstone). In Commissioner Gordon's last appearance in the film, Poison Ivy (Uma Thurman) uses her pheromones to make him fall in love with her in order to get the keys to police headquarters and the Bat-Signal, and almost kills him with her toxic kiss before changing her mind because of him, "being too old for her". Gordon was planned for the aborted reboot Batman: Year One written by Darren Aronofsky and Frank Miller. In this script Gordon has lived in Gotham for years, and is trying to leave for the sake of his pregnant wife; also Gordon's wife is renamed Ann, instead of Barbara, and Gordon's character would have been suicidal. The Dark Knight Trilogy In the rebooted Dark Knight Trilogy by Christopher Nolan, Gordon is played by Gary Oldman. Batman Begins (2005) concerns Gordon's rise from beat cop to sergeant and lieutenant by the end of the film. In the beginning of the film, Gordon does his best to comfort the eight-year-old Bruce Wayne after the murder of his parents. Bruce (Christian Bale) later recognizes him as one of the few honest cops in Gotham City, and thus, after he becomes Batman, Gordon is the first person in law enforcement that Batman contacts. The two form a secret alliance against Carmine Falcone's (Tom Wilkinson) criminal empire. Gordon proves important when Batman fights Ra's al Ghul (Liam Neeson). Batman gives Gordon the task of destroying a monorail track using the Tumbler, halting Ra's' plan to destroy the city. He is promoted to lieutenant and presents the Bat-Signal. The movie ends with Gordon talking about another criminal robbing banks and leaving a calling card in the form of a Joker playing card. Many critics, and writer David S. Goyer, have noted that Gary Oldman's portrayal bears a strong resemblance to the way the character was drawn by David Mazzucchelli in Batman: Year One. In The Dark Knight (2008), Gordon is leading the GCPD Major Crimes Unit and forms a tenuous alliance with Batman and the newly elected district attorney Harvey Dent (Aaron Eckhart) to take down Gotham's organized crime syndicates. When the Joker (Heath Ledger) reveals that Commissioner Gillian B. Loeb (Colin McFarlane) is one of his upcoming targets, Gordon arrives at his office with other officers to offer protection, but he is unable to stop Loeb from drinking a glass of poisoned Scotch. At Loeb's funeral, Gordon foils the Joker's attempt on Mayor Anthony Garcia's (Nestor Carbonell) life, in the process faking his own death to protect his family. After Dent claims to be Batman, Gordon disguises himself as a SWAT officer and commandeers the armored truck that is carrying him to the county lockup for processing. Following a vehicular battle with the Joker, Gordon rescues both Batman and Dent, captures the Joker, and is promoted to police commissioner by the Mayor. Hours later, two corrupt cops and the Joker's men abduct Dent and Rachel Dawes (Maggie Gyllenhaal), placing them in separate buildings with oil drums rigged to explode. Batman chooses to save Rachel, while Gordon and several officers go to save Dent, unaware that the Joker has switched their locations as part of a plan to orchestrate Dent's downfall. While Batman is able to rescue Dent, Gordon arrives at Rachel's location just as the bomb explodes and kills her. Disfigured in the explosion and driven insane by grief, Dent seeks vengeance against Gordon for Rachel's death. Dent kidnaps Gordon's wife and two children, and forces Gordon to plead for their lives at the site of Rachel's death. He flips his trademark coin to decide whether Gordon's son (Nathan Gamble) should die, but Batman tackles Dent off the building, killing him. In order to preserve Dent's image as the city's 'White Knight', Batman decides to take the blame for all of Dent's murders. Gordon reluctantly agrees, having come to highly respect the Caped Crusader. After eulogizing Dent as a hero to the city, Gordon destroys the Bat-Signal and calls for a manhunt against Batman. As Batman flees, Gordon assures his son that Batman is not just a hero: he is the city's protector, a "Dark Knight". In The Dark Knight Rises (2012), Gordon feels remorse for concealing Dent's crimes, and contemplates resigning and revealing the truth to the city. By now, Gordon's wife has left him and taken their children. Bane's (Tom Hardy) men shoot Gordon, putting him in critical condition. A disguised Bruce Wayne visits him in the hospital, and Gordon implores his former ally to return to crimefighting. He also befriends John Blake (Joseph Gordon-Levitt) and promotes the rookie police officer to detective, seeing in the young man the dedication and idealism he once had. After Bane defeats Batman and traps most of the Gotham City Police Department underground, Gordon gets himself out of bed and defeats the League of Shadows operatives who tried to kill him in his hospital room. Bane publicly exposes Dent's crimes and Gordon's complicity in the coverup, and takes Gordon and his men prisoner. Gordon later finds a truck carrying a nuclear bomb meant to annihilate the city and places a device on it to block the trigger signal. In the final battle against Bane, Talia al Ghul (Marion Cotillard), and the League of Shadows, Batman cryptically reveals his true identity to Gordon before apparently sacrificing himself to thwart the League of Shadows' plan to destroy the city. After giving the eulogy at Bruce Wayne's funeral, Gordon discovers the Bat-Signal has been repaired and realizes that Bruce is still alive. DC Extended Universe J. K. Simmons portrays Commissioner James Gordon in Justice League, which is part of the larger DC Extended Universe. Bryan Cranston (who had previously voiced Gordon in the animated adaptation of Batman: Year One) revealed to Geeking Out that he was up for the part but turned it down. Simmons also appeared as Gordon in the 2021 director's cut Zack Snyder's Justice League, and will reprise his role in the HBO Max film Batgirl. Matt Reeves' The Batman Jeffrey Wright signed on to portray Gordon in the upcoming The Batman, directed by Matt Reeves and is the first African American actor to portray the character in live action. Animated In Justice League: The New Frontier, the character makes a cameo appearance in the interrogation scene with King Faraday and Martian Manhunter. Commissioner Gordon appeared in Batman: Gotham Knight, voiced by Jim Meskimen. Commissioner Gordon makes a cameo appearance in Batman: Under the Red Hood (voiced by Gary Cole albeit uncredited) during the showdown between the Joker and the Red Hood. Emmy award-winner Bryan Cranston voiced Lt. James Gordon in the animated film adaptation of Batman: Year One. Commissioner Gordon appears in the two-part Batman: The Dark Knight Returns, voiced by David Selby. Commissioner Gordon appears in Lego Batman: The Movie - DC Super Heroes Unite, an adaptation of the video game of the same name, voiced by Townsend Coleman. Commissioner Gordon appears in Son of Batman, voiced by Bruce Thomas, he reprises is role in subsequent sequels Batman: Bad Blood, and Batman: Hush. Commissioner Gordon appears in Batman: Assault on Arkham, voiced by Chris Cox. Commissioner Gordon appears in Batman Unlimited: Animal Instincts, voiced by Richard Epcar. Commissioner Gordon appears in Batman Unlimited: Monster Mayhem, voiced again by Richard Epcar. Commissioner Gordon appears in Batman: The Killing Joke, voiced by Ray Wise. In the film, Gordon is kidnapped by the Joker, who attempts to drive him mad by crippling Barbara and subjecting him to photo evidence of his crime, along with other psychological tortures. However, in the end, Gordon maintains his sanity, telling Batman to bring in Joker by the book. Commissioner Gordon appears in Batman: Return of the Caped Crusaders, voiced by Jim Ward. Ward reprises the role in Batman vs. Two-Face sequel. Commissioner Gordon appears in The Lego Batman Movie, voiced by Héctor Elizondo. Commissioner Gordon appears in the DC Super Hero Girls films, voiced by Tom Kenny. Commissioner Gordon appears in Batman: Gotham by Gaslight, voiced by Scott Patterson. Whilst an adaptation of the graphic novel of the same name, in this storyline Gordon is revealed to be the alter ego of the infamous serial killer Jack The Ripper as the main antagonist of the film, where he was still a hero in the source material, serving as a composite character with James Gordon Jr. When Batman discovers Gordon's true identity, he also learns that Gordon has been abusing his wife Barbara, torturing her with acid to try and 'burn out' her sins. Jim Gordon makes a brief cameo in Teen Titans Go! To the Movies. Commissioner Gordon appears in Batman vs. Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, with Jim Meskimen reprising his role. Commissioner Gordon appears in Batman: Death in the Family, with Gary Cole reprising his role. Commissioner Gordon appears in the animated film Batman: The Long Halloween, voiced by Billy Burke. Video games Commissioner Gordon appears on Batman: Vengeance voiced by Bob Hastings. He awaits for Batman along his GCPD squad outside the old gasworks building, in which the Dark Knight was investigating, before being mysteriously beaten by a Batarang. This led the whole GCPD to come after Batman to arresting him. At the end of the game it was found out that was Harley Quinn to hit Jim with the Batarang, so he called Bruce to apologize. He also appears on the sequel Batman: Rise of Sin Tzu, with Bob Hastings reprising his role. In the game he helps Batman via Batcommunicator to come after Sin Tzu and the other villains and their thugs who escaped from both the Arkham Asylum and the Stonegate Penitentiary. He was also kidnapped by the Scarecrow before being saved by the Dark Knight. James Gordon appears in the Batman Begins video game tie-in voiced by Gavin Hammon. Unlike the movie, in the videogame he's already Commissioner and even older than the film's counterpart. Commissioner Gordon appears in DC Universe Online, voiced by Ken Webster. He appears as a supporting character for the heroes. Commissioner Gordon makes a cameo appearance in Injustice: Gods Among Us. In the opening scene which takes place in an alternate reality, he is seen watching the news about the Joker destroying Metropolis with a nuclear missile. In Batgirl's ending, it was revealed that the alternate version of her father was killed by the Regime for aiding the Insurgency. Commissioner Gordon appears as a supporting character in Scribblenauts Unmasked: A DC Comics Adventure. Commissioner Gordon appears in Batman: Dark Tomorrow, voiced by Ron McLarty. Commissioner Gordon is mentioned in the 2021 video game, Gotham Knights. He has died prior to the game's events, which led to the GCPD becoming corrupt. Lego series Commissioner Gordon appears in Lego Batman: The Video Game for the PlayStation 3, Nintendo DS, Wii, PlayStation 2, PC, and Xbox 360 with his vocal effects are provided by Keith Ferguson. He serves as a boss in the villains' story (with the exception of the DS version) and is a playable character. Commissioner Gordon appears in Lego Batman 2: DC Super Heroes, voiced by Townsend Coleman. He is present after Lex Luthor engineered a prison break at Arkham Asylum. Around the end of the video game, Commissioner Gordon is seen when he and his police officers arrest Lex Luthor and Joker. The Dark Knight Trilogy iteration of James Gordon appears in Lego Batman 3: Beyond Gotham. Commissioner Gordon appears in Lego Dimensions, voiced by Steven Blum. He appears in the DC Comics World where he requires the player's assistance after one of his police officers accidentally blew up a truck full of valuables. Commissioner Gordon appears as a playable character in Lego DC Super-Villains, voiced by Tom Kane. At the beginning of the story, he oversees the transfer of the player-created character, dubbed "The Rookie", to Stryker's Island in Metropolis, and enlists the help of an incarcerated Lex Luthor to monitor the new villain's powers, offering him a reduction of his prison sentence in return. However, the prison is then attacked by Luthor's bodyguard Mercy Graves, who frees both Luthor and the Rookie. Arkham series Commissioner Gordon is a supporting character in the Batman: Arkham franchise where he is voiced by Tom Kane in Arkham Asylum, Rick D. Wasserman as a young man in a flashback in Arkham Asylum, David Kaye in Arkham City, Michael Gough in Arkham Origins and Jonathan Banks in Arkham Knight. In Batman: Arkham Asylum, he is introduced accompanying Batman with the readmission of the recently captured Joker in the beginning of the game. Once Joker breaks free Batman tells Gordon to alert the Warden and goes after Joker. Once Batman follows Joker to the other end of intensive treatment, Joker shows video footage of Frank Boles (a guard working with Joker) taking Gordon hostage. On the way to free Gordon, Batman encounters the Scarecrow dragging Gordon away and apparently kills him. It is later revealed the dead person Batman found earlier was actually a guard who had been seen as Gordon due to Scarecrow's gas. Though Boles is quickly killed once Joker realizes the guard was being tracked by Batman, Harley Quinn keeps Gordon under watch in the medical facility. Batman arrives to stop Harley and frees Gordon informing him that Bane is also in the area. After the battle with Bane, which results in the Batmobile destroyed and Bane underwater, Gordon boards a ferry with a guard to be sent back to Gotham by Batman to handle the bomb case. Gordon isn't seen again until the end of the game when Batman confronts Joker for the final time. Once the Dark Knight defeats the two Titan-induced guards and multiple Joker goons, Gordon is dropped from the ceiling tied up (how, when and why he returned to the island is never explained but the officer driving the boat could have been another one of Joker's "inside men"). Joker aims the Titan dart gun at Gordon and pulls the trigger, but Batman quickly jumps in front of Gordon taking a hit for him. Joker then uses the Titan on himself. Gordon is later seen on the roof strapped to an electric chair while Titan Joker and Batman (who uses the cure on himself) battle. Once Joker is defeated, Gordon and Batman are quickly joined by multiple members of GCPD and SWAT members. Gordon is talking to his daughter Barbara Gordon (a.k.a. Oracle) about the events that night. Gordon offers a ride home to Batman, considering the Batmobile was destroyed, when an alert on Gordon's radio states that Two-Face has robbed Gotham's second national bank and watches as Batman takes off in the Batwing. It is also mentioned in a Scarecrow-induced flashback that Gordon was the only officer who was sympathetic to the young Bruce Wayne on the night his parents were murdered. In Batman: Arkham City, he sends cops led by Sergeant Tom Miller to find out what Arkham City is really about. He appears at the end of the game right before the credits, repeatedly asking an unresponsive Batman about what happened within Arkham City while Batman was carrying away the Joker's corpse. Scanning the radio for the GCPD signal shortly after Bruce Wayne's arrest in the game will give the player a sound bit of him telling a dispatcher to inform all officers to take arrests to GCPD instead of Arkham City because as he puts it "Wayne's lawyers will have a field day with this." Gordon also appears in the DLC Harley Quinn's Revenge, being another one of the Dark Knight's allies that is concerned about his mental state since Joker's death. In Batman: Arkham Origins, a younger James "Jim" Gordon is featured as a GCPD Captain. Being set over a decade in the past, Gordon has yet to forge an alliance with Batman, seeing the Dark Knight as a menace and a lunatic, as opposed to his daughter Barbara Gordon seeing the vigilante as a hero he is. During Batman's break-in at the GCPD, Batman runs into Gordon while trying to escape and harmlessly disarms him, futilely trying to explain that they're on the same side. After saving Gordon's life when SWAT leader Branden nearly shoots him by accident, he escapes, though Gordon is knocked out in the process. Gordon later appears arresting Joker after the firefight at the Royal Hotel, and later again when he takes control of the police to stop Firefly from demolishing the bridge. When Batman arrives, he refuses to listen to his warnings about the bombs and insists Batman surrender to Firefly. Eventually he sees reason and the bomb squad disables the last bomb, allowing Batman to defeat Firefly. When the Joker takes over Blackgate Prison, Gordon arrives to stop the chaos only for his life to be put in danger when Joker straps him to an electric chair that will go off if Batman does not kill Bane in time. Batman momentarily stops Bane's heart in time to save Gordon, and the two work together to defeat Joker. Though Gordon still feels obligated to arrest Batman, the latter disappears, and Gordon decides the city needs Batman. He later reluctantly requests Batman's help in rounding up several escaped Blackgate prisoners. Jim Gordon is featured in Batman: Arkham Origins Blackgate. In Batman: Arkham Knight, Gordon loses trust in Batman after Barbara is kidnapped by Scarecrow and Batman revealed that |
Who was British Prime Minister between 1924 and 1929? | BBC - History - Neville Chamberlain z Neville Chamberlain © Chamberlain was British prime minister between 1937 and 1940, and is closely associated with the policy of appeasement towards Nazi Germany. Arthur Neville Chamberlain was born on 18 March 1869 in Birmingham into a political family. His father, Joseph, was an influential politician of the late 19th century and Neville's older half-brother Austen held many Conservative cabinet positions in the early 20th century and won the Nobel Peace Prize. Chamberlain was educated in Birmingham. After a successful career in business, in 1915 he was appointed lord mayor of Birmingham. In 1916, Lloyd George appointed him director-general of the department of national service, but disagreements between them led Chamberlain to resign. In 1918, Chamberlain was elected Conservative member of parliament for Ladywood in Birmingham and was rapidly promoted. He served as both chancellor of the exchequer (1923 - 1924) and minister of health (1923, 1924 -1929, 1931). In 1937, he succeeded Stanley Baldwin as prime minister. Like many in Britain who had lived through World War One, Chamberlain was determined to avert another war. His policy of appeasement towards Adolf Hitler culminated in the Munich Agreement in which Britain and France accepted that the Czech region of the Sudetenland should be ceded to Germany. Chamberlain left Munich believing that by appeasing Hitler he had assured 'peace for our time'. However, in March 1939 Hitler annexed the rest of the Czech lands of Bohemia and Moravia, with Slovakia becoming a puppet state of Germany. Five months later in September 1939 Hitler's forces invaded Poland. Chamberlain responded with a British declaration of war on Germany. In May 1940, after the disastrous Norwegian campaign, Chamberlain resigned and Winston Churchill became prime minister. Chamberlain served in Churchill's cabinet as lord president of the council. He died a few weeks after he left office, on 9 November 1940. |
Roamer Alexis Angulo | Roamer Angulo |
what ceus are requirements for florida rn? | All Florida-licensed LPNs, RNs, and APRNs are now in a 24-month renewal cycle and must complete 24 hours of appropriate continuing education during each renewal period. |
Theories with more than 32 supersymmetry generators automatically have massless fields with spin greater than 2. | В теориите с повече от 32 суперсиметрични генератора автоматично се появяват безмасови полета със спин по-голям от 2. |
what is the difference between velocity and displacement? | Displacement and velocity - Higher. The only difference between velocity and speed is that velocity has a direction, and so is a vector quantity. Displacement is the distance moved in a straight line, in a given direction, from the starting point. Displacement is a vector quantity as it has size and direction. |
In the late 1920s the American magazine Poetry published several of his plays. | In den späten 1920ern gab die amerikanischen Zeitschrift Poetry mehrere seiner Stücke heraus. |
"Something New" opens with Cole and Nadine Coyle singing "Go, girls, g-g-go, go, go / We girls gonna take control / You boys better know, know, know / We girls gonna run this show" over a piano melody. | "Algo Novo" abre com Cole e Nadine Coyle cantando "Vão, garotas, gg-go, vão, vão /Nós garotas vamos tomar controle/ Vocês garotos melhor saberem, saibam, nós vamos fazer este show" sobre uma melodia de piano. |
Canada. The Borealis Peaks are located south of the Bella Coola River valley, west of the upper Atnarko River and north of the Monarch Mountain-Ha-Iltzuk Icefield massif. The peak was | Columbia, Canada. The Borealis Peaks are located south of the Bella Coola River valley, west of the upper Atnarko |
The distillery's output each day was given as thirty gallons by the Federal whiskey gauger who resided in the area. | La producción de la destilería cada día fue de treinta galones calculada por el calibrador de whisky federal que residía en el área. |
Tom didn't need an umbrella. | Тому не понадобился зонтик. |
and compatriot Ramon Tribulietx. He made his debut for the club on 15 October 2010 against Waikato at Fred Jones Park, in which Berlanga played the full 90 minutes as he helped his side to a 3–2 victory. He then scored his first goal for Auckland City in the OFC Champions League on 3 December 2010 against AS Tefana, when he scored in the 90th minute to help Auckland draw the match 1–1. He scored his first league goal for his club on 10 December 2010 against YoungHeart Manawatu in which he scored in the 23rd minute to help Auckland to a 3–1 victory. Then, after helping Auckland City win the 2010–11 OFC Champions League, Berlanga made his debut in the FIFA Club World Cup in the 2011 FIFA Club World Cup against Kashiwa Reysol of the Japanese J. League on 8 December 2011 in which he played the full 90 minutes but could not stop Auckland City getting knocked-out after losing 2–0. Berlanga then scored his second league goal for Auckland City on 10 March 2012 against Otago United in which he scored in the 48th minute to make the score 3–0 to Auckland before Otago got a goal back to end the game by a score of 3–1. Berlanga then scored what would be his final goal for his club in the league on 7 April 2012 against Canterbury United in which he scored the equalizer for Auckland City in the 42nd minute to tie the match at 1–1 and that is the score that remained after the game was finished. Berlanga also finished his final full OFC Champions League season on 12 May 2012 against Tefana in | in the FIFA Club World Cup in the 2011 FIFA Club World Cup against Kashiwa Reysol of the Japanese J. League on 8 December 2011 in which he played the full 90 minutes but could not stop Auckland City getting knocked-out after losing 2–0. Berlanga then scored his second league goal for Auckland City on 10 March 2012 against Otago United in which he scored in the 48th minute to make the score 3–0 to Auckland before Otago got a goal back to end the game by a score of 3–1. Berlanga then scored what would be his final goal for his club in the league on 7 April 2012 against Canterbury United in which he scored the equalizer for Auckland City in the 42nd minute to tie the match at 1–1 and that is the score that remained after the game was finished. Berlanga also finished his final full OFC Champions League season on 12 May 2012 against Tefana in which Berlanga played the full 90 minutes in both legs of the final to give Auckland City an aggregate victory of 3–1 and automatic qualification into the 2012 FIFA Club World Cup. Sporting Goa In January 2013 it was announced that Berlanga would sign with Sporting Clube de Goa of the I-League in India and on 28 January 2013 he made his debut for the club in which he started, played the full 90 minutes, and scored his first goal for the club in the process in the 67th minute to help Sporting Goa beat Salgaocar by a score of 2–0. Return to Auckland City After the 2012–13 I-League season concluded Berlanga re-signed for Auckland City FC right before the 2013 FIFA Club World Cup. He made his return debut for the club in the Club World Cup on 11 December 2013 against Raja Casablanca. He started the match as Auckland City lost the match 2–1. He then started for Auckland City in their league opener against Team Wellington as the club won 3–2. Berlanga starred in Auckland City's historic 2014 |
In turn the Irish Volunteers were established to oppose them and enforce the introduction of self-government. | في المقابل تم إنشاء المتطوعين الأيرلنديين معارضة لهم ولإنفاذ مقدمة الحكم الذاتي. |
District of Karacasu, Aydın Province, Turkey. As of 2010, | population of 247 people. References Villages |
He betrays the rest of the Annex crew alongside his team under orders from his home country to kidnap Akari and Michelle, and allow his country to study them and find a way to recreate their natural born abilities in order to make China the earth's governing superpower. | Tradisce il resto dell'equipaggio della ANNEX1 insieme con la sua squadra sotto gli ordini del suo paese d'origine per rapire Akari e Michelle, e consentire al suo paese di studiarli e trovare un modo per ricreare le loro abilità naturali al fine di rendere la Cina la superpotenza governativa della Terra. |
The theme of racial injustice appears symbolically in the novel as well. | A faji igazságtalanság szimbolikusan is megjelenik a regényben. |
The cast performance of "Don't Stop Believin'" was certified gold on October 13, 2009, achieving over 500,000 digital sales, and on March 16, 2011, received platinum certification for having sales of over a million. | Castets performance "Don't Stop Believin'" var certificeret guld den 13. oktober 2009, når over 500.000 eksemplarer i det digitale salg, og den 16. marts 2011 modtog den en platin certificering for at have et salg på over en million eksemplarer. |
Highway 824-3 Louisiana Highway 824-3 (LA 824-3) runs in an east–west direction along East Hico Street from the junction of the concurrent US 63/US 167 with LA 151 at McMullen Street to a junction with LA 824-1 (Main Street). It is an undivided two-lane highway for its entire length. See also References External links La DOTD State, District, and Parish Maps 0824 Transportation in Lincoln Parish, Louisiana State highways | be transferred to local control. Louisiana Highway 824-1 Louisiana Highway 824-1 (LA 824-1) runs in a north–south direction along Main Street from LA 151 (Annie Lee Street) to LA 824-2 (Wynn Street). It is an undivided two-lane highway for its entire length. Louisiana Highway 824-2 Louisiana Highway 824-2 (LA 824-2) runs in an east–west direction along Wynn Street from the concurrent US 63/US 167 (McMullen Street) to LA 824-1 (Main Street). It is an undivided |
Ottoman–Mamluk War (1516–17) | النزاع العثماني المملوكي (1516–1517) |
These considerations are captured in the nondimensionalized Rossby number. | Queste considerazioni sono incluse nel numero di Rossby non dimensionalizzato. |
In the 1878-79 season he conducted the New York Philharmonic Society in the absence of Theodore Thomas, who was away in Cincinnati. | Dans la saison 1878-1879, il dirige l'Orchestre philharmonique de New York en l'absence de Theodore Thomas, qui était à Cincinnati. |
Abdul Hakim Belhaj and his wife say they were kidnapped by MI6 and CIA .
They claim they were delivered to Libya and then tortured by Gaddafi's men .
Government had tried to claim 'state immunity' over the allegations .
Supreme Court will make final decision on whether the case can be heard . | Tortured: Abdul Hakim Belhaj wants to sue the UK government because, he claims, it helped kidnap him and his wife and deliver them to Colonel Gaddafi . British courts will hear the case of a Libyan politician who says the UK government helped kidnap him and his wife and deliver them into the clutches of Colonel Gaddafi. Abdul Hakim Belhaj and Fatima Boudchar want a declaration of illegality and compensation over the UK's alleged involvement in their rendition in March 2004 and subsequent torture. 'My wife and I are gratified by the judges' decision to give us our day in court,' said Mr Belhaj. 'Our part of the "deal in the desert" - the kidnap, the secret CIA jail, the torture chamber in Tripoli - is as fresh and as painful for us as if it happened yesterday.' The case covers a period from when Mr Belhaj and Ms Boudchar were detained by Chinese authorities at Beijing airport for two days before being deported to Malaysia and held for two weeks. They were then flown to Thailand, ostensibly en route to London, and later taken to Libya on an aircraft said to be owned by a CIA front company. Mr Belhaj says that, in Bangkok, they were detained by American intelligence and he was tortured while his pregnant wife was chained to a wall. When they got to Tripoli, he spent six years in jail and his wife was released shortly before giving birth. The Court of Appeal's decision to allow the case to go ahead reverses a High Court ruling that their claim against former foreign secretary Jack Straw and Sir Mark Allen, ex-head of counter-terrorism at MI6, should be struck out. The Master of the Rolls Lord Dyson, Lord Justice Lloyd Jones and Lady Justice Sharp said that the proceedings were not barred by state immunity and the act of state doctrine, as government lawyers argued. Lord Dyson said that the allegations were of particularly grave violations of international law and human rights. 'The respondents in these proceedings are either current or former officers or officials of state in the United Kingdom or government departments or agencies,' the judge said. 'Their conduct, considered in isolation, would not normally be exempt from investigation by the courts. On the contrary there is a compelling public interest in the investigation by the English courts of these allegations.' He added: 'Unless the English courts were able to exercise jurisdiction in this case, these very grave allegations would go uninvestigated and the appellants would be left without any legal recourse or remedy. 'Notwithstanding evidence from the Foreign and Commonwealth Office that there is a risk that damage will be done to the foreign relations and national security interests of the United Kingdom, we do not consider that this can outweigh the need for our courts to exercise jurisdiction in this case. 'Here, the risk of displeasing our allies or offending other states, cannot justify our declining jurisdiction on grounds of act of state over what is a properly justiciable claim.' The judges stayed the claims pending the outcome of an appeal to the Supreme Court against their ruling. In 2013, Mr Belhaj had offered to drop his case for £3, an apology and an admission of liability, but this was rejected. In a letter sent to Prime Minister David Cameron, Mr Straw, and Sir Mark, he said: 'I am making an open offer to settle our litigation. 'My wife and I are willing to end our case against the UK Government and Messrs Straw and Allen in exchange for a token compensation of a British pound from each defendant, an apology and an admission of liability for what was done to us.' The deal in the desert: Former Prime Minister Tony Blair infamously meeting with Libyan leader Colonel Muammar Gaddafi at his desert base outside Sirte, south of Tripoli, in 2007 . Sapna Malik from Leigh Day, the legal firm which represented the family, said: 'The Court of Appeal has rightly recognised that the gravity of the allegations raised by our clients makes it all the more compelling for the English courts to get on and deal with their case and to reject outright the attempts by Jack Straw, Mark Allen and the government defendants to shield their conduct from judicial scrutiny. 'Our clients are now a significant step closer to seeing justice done in their case.' Cori Crider, a director at Reprieve, which also represents the family, said: 'The Government so fears this case going to trial that they have stalled for years by throwing up a parade of scarecrows - claiming, for example, that the United States would be angered if Mr and Mrs Belhaj had their day in Court in Britain. 'The Court was right: embarrassment is no reason to throw torture victims out of court. The Government's dubious and wasteful delay tactics in this case need to end. Enough is enough.' Accused: Sir Mark Allen, former counter-terrorism chief at MI6, and Jack Straw, the former foreign secretary under Tony Blair, are both named in the lawsuit brought by Mr Belhaj and his wife . Andrea Coomber, director of Justice which intervened in the case together with Amnesty International, The International Commission of Jurists, and Redress, said: 'The Government's case would fundamentally undercut the international rule of law and undermine the global commitment to remedies for victims of human rights violations. 'The 'they did it too' defence traditionally hasn't worked in the playground. Yet, the UK Government would - in expanding the 'act of state' doctrine and the scope of state immunity - seek to enshrine it in common law.' 'We welcome the decision of the Court of Appeal. States cannot be encouraged to supplement the international law of state immunity with their own pick and mix patchwork of domestic rules on justiciability.' Amnesty International UK director Kate Allen said: 'It's only right that UK officials - right to the very top if necessary - are answerable for actions that may have led to terrible mistreatment at the hands of Gaddafi's henchmen in Libya. 'The UK has been trying to place itself above the law - a shocking response to a very serious case. 'British officials have got their paw prints all over this case and it's far too late for them to pretend otherwise. 'The UK should now stop blocking attempts to discover the full truth about the involvement of British officials in this sordid and deeply troubling affair.' |
Write a Basic Business Plan | No matter your business idea, whether it’s selling jewelry, landscaping or grooming animals, a business plan is a good way to demonstrate the idea’s potential for success. |
what is difference between procedure and object oriented programming? | Procedural programming (PP), also known as inline programming takes a top-down approach. It is about writing a list of instructions to tell the computer what to do step by step. It relies on procedures or routines. Object-oriented programming (OOP) is about encapsulating data and behavior into objects. |
Does anybody know where I could buy a copy of the Comic with the band KISS, the one with there blood ? | Ebay or maybe milehighcomics, but it will be expensive... |
They released their first album as The Carters, Everything Is Love, on June 16, 2018. | Duon släppte sitt första album som The Carters, Everything is Love, den 16 juni 2018. |
what is the best place in the world to leave in? | your homeland is probably the best |
Habsburg family tree | Tavole genealogiche della Casa d'Asburgo |
Thresher Company, who went out of business in 1908 when the company's factory burnt down. The car was made as a large tourer, roadster or combination car that could be | 1911 and 1912, in Clinton, Ontario. The Clinton Motor Car Company Limited was a descendant of the Clinton Thresher Company, who went out of business in 1908 when the company's factory burnt down. The car was made as a large tourer, roadster |
money for repairing the temple within a month's time prompts Tiger to accept Donaka's offer. After each fight, which is a form of modern gladiatorial combat enjoyed by rich individuals, Tiger wins larger sums of money. He quits his job, buys his parents presents, and begins having the temple repaired. With time, Tiger develops a more efficient and brutal style. Noticing the change in him, Master Yang warns Tiger; however, intoxicated with the new life, Tiger ignores the warning. In the Wu Lin Competition, Tiger viciously injures his opponent and is disqualified. When Tiger comes back to train at the temple, a fight ensues and Master Yang is forced to use his internal Chi energies to palm-strike Tiger, reminding him that he is yet to completely master tai chi. Tiger ignores his advice to meditate, and finds out that the authority has rejected his petition to gain historical protection for the temple due to his actions at the Wu Lin Competition, which are against his temple's philosophy. An enraged Tiger demands a fight and Donaka has him face a mercenary named Uri Romanov. Using his rage, he quickly defeats Uri and almost kills him, but relents at the end. Donaka finishes off Uri. Realizing how much he has changed, Tiger declares his intention to stop participating in underground fighting and contacts Sun-Jing, unaware of the constant surveillance Donaka had put him under for a long time. Donaka sets up a private tournament for a death match, in which Tiger is to participate. Sun-Jing trails Tiger's escort, but her car is run off the road. Surviving the crash, Sun-Jing calls for assistance and discovers Superintendent Wong had been working for Donaka. At the tournament, Donaka plays a video composed of surveillance footage, revealing how Tiger had been manipulated, "corrupted" and transformed from an innocent martial arts practitioner | the authority has rejected his petition to gain historical protection for the temple due to his actions at the Wu Lin Competition, which are against his temple's philosophy. An enraged Tiger demands a fight and Donaka has him face a mercenary named Uri Romanov. Using his rage, he quickly defeats Uri and almost kills him, but relents at the end. Donaka finishes off Uri. Realizing how much he has changed, Tiger declares his intention to stop participating in underground fighting and contacts Sun-Jing, unaware of the constant surveillance Donaka had put him under for a long time. Donaka sets up a private tournament for a death match, in which Tiger is to participate. Sun-Jing trails Tiger's escort, but her car is run off the road. Surviving the crash, Sun-Jing calls for assistance and discovers Superintendent Wong had been working for Donaka. At the tournament, Donaka plays a video composed of surveillance footage, revealing how Tiger had been manipulated, "corrupted" and transformed from an innocent martial arts practitioner to a ruthless fighter. Tiger refuses to fight his assigned opponent, and challenges Donaka instead. The fight is interrupted by the HKPD, who storm the compound and arrest participants and audience. Fleeing from the scene, Donaka arrives at the temple and starts fighting with Tiger. Donaka initially has the upper hand, but Tiger re-embraces his tai chi training and manages to palm-strike Donaka despite getting stabbed. A dying Donaka smiles, pleased for having pushed Tiger to become a killer. Tiger and his master then reconcile, Sun-Jing gets promoted to Superintendent and Tiger reaches an agreement with both Qing Sha's law firm and the real estate developers. The government decides to protect the village and tourists are invited to visit and learn more about the 600-year history of the Ling Kong Temple. Tiger tells Qing-Sha that he intends to open his own tai chi school in the city to continue the legacy of the Ling Kong tai chi. Cast Keanu Reeves as Donaka Mark, the film's main antagonist. Tiger Chen as Tiger Chen Linhu Karen Mok as Sun Jing Shi Yu Hai as Master Yang Ye Qing as Qing Sha Simon Yam as Superintendent Wong Sam Lee as Tak Ming Michael Tong as Policeman Yuan Iko Uwais as Gilang Sanjaya Silvio Simac as Uri Romanov Yoo Seung-jun Production Pre-production began in 2008 with years-long script refinements. When the project eventually moved into the production phase, principal photography |
Goran Obradović (footballer, born 1986) | Обрадович, Горан |
"Changes" is the eighth single by the British soul and post-disco band Imagination, released by R & B Records in 1982 in the United Kingdom and by MCA Records in 1983 in the United States. The song was produced and arranged by Tony Swain and Steve Jolley. "Changes" appears on the band's 1982 album In the Heat of the Night (which also features | 7:00 US 12" single "Changes (USA Megamix)" – 7:48 "Changes (Instrumental)" – 6:29 Charts Credits Engineers: Tony Bridge, Brad Davis, Dave Ford, Leee John, Austin Ince, Steve Jolley, Richard Lengyel, Gordon Milne References Imagination (band) songs 1982 singles 1982 songs Songs written by Steve Jolley (songwriter) Songs written by Tony Swain (musician) MCA Records singles Songs written by Ashley Ingram Songs written by Leee John |
Later that year, the two brothers would meet up in the Shimazu's home province of Satsuma, to assault their home castle at Kagoshima. | Mais tarde naquele ano, os dois irmãos se reuniriam na Província de Satsuma a casa dos Shimazu, para assaltar seu castelo em Kagoshima. |
In Tamil Nadu former actress and Chief Minister Jayalalitha is in the running after being defeated in the previous elections. But, it is the involvement of Bollywood folks that has captured peoples' imagination. | तमिलनाडु में पूर्व मुख्यमंत्री और अभिनेत्री जयललिता पिछले चुनावों के पराजय के उपरांत पुनः मैदान में हैं। |
Buchanan resented the fact that Breckinridge had supported both Pierce and Douglas before endorsing his nomination. | Buchanan si risentì del fatto che Breckinridge avesse supportato sia Pierce che Douglas prima della sua nomina. |
He later moved to Paris to join Khalil Gibran who had come from the other side of the Atlantic. | Más tarde se trasladó a París a reunirse con Khalil Gibran que había venido desde el otro lado del Atlántico. |
office for J. S. Wright-Smith in Hopetoun. He read extensively, attended Labor Party meetings and was a lay-preacher in the Baptist Church On 22 April 1912 he married schoolteacher Mary Scott Baird, a Ballarat teacher. They had no children. In 1915, after a terrible drought, he bought 640 acres of land (259 hectares) north of Hopetoun to grow wheat and raise fat lambs, later extending the farm in partnership with share farmers. Politics In 1916 Bussau supported Percy Stewart and the radical Victorian Farmers Union in support of farming issues. Bussau’s interest in representative politics found local expression when he was elected to the Karkarooc Shire Council. He served was a councillor from 1921 to 1932 and was president from 1926 to 1927. In 1927 he was a founding member of the Victorian Wheatgrowers’ Association (VWA) and an organiser. In 1933 he the VWA president 1933. and the president of the Country Progressive Party in 1929. From 1931 to 1932 he was vice-president of the United Country Party. In 1932 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly for Ouyen electorate representing the United Country Party. He was Transport Minister for a time, Attorney-General and Solicitor-General in the government of Albert Dunstan between 2 April | (Lou) Bussau (9 July 18845 May 1947) was a farmer, a Victorian politician and the Victoiran Agent General in London. Early years Bussau was born in Natimuk to carpenter and farmer Johann Joachim Heinrich Adolph Bussau and Maria Ernestina, nee Rokesky. He attended Warracknabeal state school until he was 12 years old when he left to work for his father. With his mothers encouragement studied at night school and then Law by correspondence with the University of Melbourne, becoming an articled clerk. He was employed by a legal firm, J.S.Wright-Smith, attending to business in the Warracknabeal, Beulah and Hopetoun district, travelling by bicycle to visit clients. He was later commissioned to open an office for J. S. Wright-Smith in Hopetoun. He read extensively, attended Labor Party meetings and was a lay-preacher in the Baptist Church On 22 April 1912 he married schoolteacher Mary Scott Baird, a Ballarat teacher. They had no children. In 1915, after a terrible drought, he bought 640 acres of land (259 hectares) north of Hopetoun to grow wheat and raise fat lambs, later extending the farm in partnership with share farmers. Politics In 1916 Bussau supported Percy Stewart and the radical Victorian Farmers Union in support of farming issues. Bussau’s interest in representative politics found local expression when he was elected to the Karkarooc Shire Council. He served was a councillor from 1921 to 1932 and was president from |
How algorithm of finding similar Q works? | How to build a 'related questions' engine? |
Get the table row data with a click | Get the contents of a table row with a button click |
where are there black panthers? | The term black panther is most frequently applied to black-coated leopards (Panthera pardus) of Africa and Asia and jaguars (P. onca) of Central and South America; black-furred variants of these species are also called black leopards and black jaguars, respectively. |
In his "Note on Structure" he argues that linguistics can be seen as a game and as a science. | En su "Apunte sobre la Estructura" argumenta que la lingüística puede ser vista como un juego y como una ciencia. |
You might feel like you don't have a purpose. | Kao da nemate svrhu. |
Sabinsky District | Sabinsky (distrito) |
whats the different between a bunny and a rabbit | Rabbit Male rabbits are called bucks; females are called does. An older term for an adult rabbit is coney, while rabbit once referred only to the young animals.[3] Another term for a young rabbit is bunny, though this term is often applied informally (especially by children) to rabbits generally, especially domestic ones. More recently, the term kit or kitten has been used to refer to a young rabbit. A young hare is called a leveret; this term is sometimes informally applied to a young rabbit as well. |
a violation of free market, freedom of navigation, as an affront Brazilian sovereignty and territorial integrity, and as an attempt to check Brazil's rise as a world power. Controversies As a result, the Royal Navy began intercepting Brazilian slavers on the high seas, and Brazilian slave traders caught on these ships were prosecuted in British admiralty courts. Over the following years, the number of cases in British admiralty courts increased dramatically due to the large number of Brazilians arrested for slave-trading - in the first six months of 1848, 19 out of 33 cases heard by the vice admiralty court in St. Helena were Brazilian. Despite the aggressive application of this law, the volume of the Brazilian slave trade increased in the late 1840s; the demand for slaves had increased due to British free-trade legislation that lifted tariffs on Brazilian sugar. However, Anglo-Brazilian tensions continued to increase. In 1850-51, a handful of British ships began entering Brazilian territorial waters and even its harbors to attack slave ships. In one instance, a British ship exchanged fire with a Brazilian fort. In the face of these tensions, Brazil knew that it could not afford to go to war with Britain. In addition, popular sentiment against the slave trade in Brazil was growing. The Brazilian government decided to put an end to the slave trade. In September 1850, new legislation outlawing the slave trade was enacted, and the Brazilian government began to enforce it. As a result, the Brazilian slave trade declined, and despite some illegal slavers that continued to operate, the trade came to an end in the mid-1850s, although slavery itself was not abolished in Brazil until 1888. On 27 April 1852, the British government notified its counterpart in Brazil of its permanent withdrawal of warships from Brazilian waters, on condition that there be no resumption of | is seen in Brazilian historiography as a British retaliation against the Alves Branco law, a tariff reform established in 1844 by Finance Minister Manuel Alves Branco that raised import duties followed by the ending of the British-Brazilian Convention of 1826 on the Atlantic slave trade to Brazil. History The Act was proposed by British Foreign Secretary Lord Aberdeen. It gave the Royal Navy authority to stop and search any Brazilian ship suspected of being a slave ship on the high seas, and to arrest slave traders caught on these ships. The Act stipulated that arrested slave traders could be tried in British courts. The law was designed to suppress the Brazilian slave trade, to make effective Brazilian laws and the British-Brazilian Treaty of 1826 to end the Atlantic slave trade, that Brazil had signed and ratified but failed to enforce. It provoked outrage in Brazil, where it was seen as a violation of free market, freedom of navigation, as an affront Brazilian |
adding PATH in /etc/profile and ~/.bash_profile but not showing via SSH | Why does the $PATH of an ssh remote command differ from that of an interactive shell? |
ConcurrentModificationException while iterating through ArrayList | Iterating through a Collection, avoiding ConcurrentModificationException when removing objects in a loop |
The Theravāda Abhidhamma holds that there is a total of 82 possible types of dhammas, 81 of these are conditioned (sankhata), while one is unconditioned, which is nibbana. | Hay 81 dhammas que son condicionados (sankhata), mientras que uno está incondicionado, que es nibbana. |
Asian Game Indonesia and AFF Suzuki Cup 2018 ဘောလုံးပြိုင်ပွဲ (0:34) (in English and Burmese). | Asian Game Indonesia and AFF Suzuki Cup 2018 ဘောလုံးပြိုင်ပွဲ (0:34) (bằng tiếng Anh và Miến Điện). |
The current domestic terminal building also served international flights before the opening of the new international terminal in 1997. | La terminal nacional también prestó servicio a vuelos internacionales antes de que abriera la nueva terminal internacional, en 1997. |
History The area that is now Palm Harbor was largely uninhabited until settlers began arriving in the 1860s. The area became known as "Curlew", with the Curlew Pioneer Cemetery, established in 1869, and the Curlew Methodist Church. A post office named "Bay St. Joseph" opened in 1878. In 1881, Henry B. Plant opened the San Marino Hotel in what later became Palm Harbor in 1885. The Gulf View Hotel also opened around that time. The Sutherland Improvement Company acquired land in the Curlew/Bay St. Joseph area and developed it into the settlement of Sutherland. In 1888 the Sutherland Post Office opened. The Orange Belt Railway reached Sutherland in 1890. The name was changed to Palm Harbor in 1925. Sutherland boasted two beautiful hotels, the larger one becoming Southern College in 1902. It sat high on the bluff overlooking Sutherland Bayou and the Gulf of Mexico. Sutherland was thought to be named after the Duke of Sutherland, who visited these parts after landing at Tarpon Springs in 1887. Local pioneers dismiss this coincidence, pointing out that the name Sutherland is a shortening of Southern Land and Development Company, the group which originally platted the community in 1888. Demographics As of the census of 2000, there were 59,248 people, 25,461 households, and 16,906 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,276.6/km (3,306.8/mi2). There were 28,044 housing units at an average density of 604.2/km (1,565.2/mi2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 95.83% White, 0.97% African American, 0.19% American Indian, 1.28% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.60% from other races, and 1.10% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.45% of the population. There were 25,461 households, out of which 27.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.3% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.6% were non-families. 28.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.28 and the average family size was 2.79. In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 20.8% under the age of 18, 5.1% from 18 to 24, 27.1% from 25 to 44, 23.7% from 45 to 64, and 23.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.5 males. The median income for a household in the CDP was $45,404, and the median income for a family was $52,925. Males had a median income of $41,003 versus $29,287 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $26,470. About 4.3% of families and 5.5% of the population were considered below the poverty line, including 5.2% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over. Notable people Michael Bilirakis, congressman who lived in Palm Harbor during his time in office Mike Rinder (born 1955), former executive at and now critic of the Church of Scientology. Richie Scheinblum (1942–2021), Major League Baseball All Star outfielder Ben Sweat, starting left-back for MLS club New York City FC Henry Zebrowski, comedian and actor Ted Larsen, pro football offensive lineman Gus Bilirakis, American politician serving as the U.S. representative for Florida's 12th congressional district since 2013 See also Palm Harbor Fire Rescue Joseph L. Carwise Middle School Palm Harbor Middle School Palm Harbor University High School References External links Taxing Authorities Within Palm Harbor Palm Harbor Fire Rescue, funded by the Palm Harbor Special Fire Control District Palm Harbor Library, funded by the Palm Harbor Community Services District Palm Harbor Parks & Recreation, funded by the Palm Harbor Community Services District Palm Harbor University High School Local community links Old Palm Harbor Main Street, Inc Palm Harbor | book sales. With 10,000 volumes the library moved to historical Palm Harbor Methodist Church on 12th Street in Old Palm Harbor in December of 1980. By 1982 the library volumes had doubled to 20,000 and served over 2,000 families within the community, and also acquired a new service of accessibility through the donation of a large print section in memory of Lea Gibbons. As the library continued to grow, it needed more space. The Florida State Library opened up a grant for public libraries of $200,000 to be included 1984-85 budget. Palm Harbor Library encountered 2 issues in qualification for the grant, one was it could only be made to a government agency, and at the time Palm Harbor was unincorporated, but Pinellas County Administrator, Fred Marquis, supported their application. The second issue, was the community must match the grant of $200,000, which Pinellas County donated 8 acres of 6th Street, counting for $100,000, and the rest must be raised. Ultimately, the grant was vetoed by Governor Graham on June 30, 1983, due to funding and denied tax raises by legislation. Through extensive fundraising and membership fees, Malouf and the Palm Harbor Friends of the Library continued work towards the goal of building the library. In February of 1985 Senator Curt Kiser proposed a bill to create a Special District Status for the Palm Harbor Fire District, which was approved in June. This allowed Palm Harbor to tax themselves for various services such as a library, which led to the development of the MSTU. In order to buy land for the Palm Harbor Library, a proposal for tax-free bonds was approved by the PHCSA and the County Commissioner approved the purchase of the site on Nebraska Avenue as the site for the Palm Harbor Library. The Palm Harbor Library officially opened at its new and current location on Nebraska Avenue on July 5, 1988. Geography Palm Harbor is located at (28.083926, -82.753947). According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which is land, and (34.67%) is water. Palm Harbor has a unique "hilly" geography which is uncommon in Florida. History The area that is now Palm Harbor was largely uninhabited until settlers began arriving in the 1860s. The area became known as "Curlew", with the Curlew Pioneer Cemetery, established in 1869, and the Curlew Methodist Church. A post office named "Bay St. Joseph" opened in 1878. In 1881, Henry B. Plant opened the San Marino Hotel in what later became Palm Harbor in 1885. The Gulf View Hotel also opened around that time. The Sutherland Improvement Company acquired land in the Curlew/Bay St. Joseph area and developed it into the settlement of Sutherland. In 1888 the Sutherland Post Office opened. The Orange Belt Railway reached Sutherland in 1890. The name was changed to Palm Harbor in 1925. Sutherland boasted two beautiful hotels, the larger one becoming Southern College in 1902. It sat high on the bluff overlooking Sutherland Bayou and the Gulf of Mexico. Sutherland was thought to be named after the Duke of Sutherland, who visited these parts after landing at Tarpon Springs in 1887. Local pioneers dismiss this coincidence, pointing out that the name Sutherland is a shortening of Southern Land and Development Company, the group which originally platted the community in 1888. Demographics As of the census of 2000, there were 59,248 people, 25,461 households, and 16,906 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,276.6/km (3,306.8/mi2). There were 28,044 housing units at an average density of 604.2/km (1,565.2/mi2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 95.83% White, 0.97% African American, 0.19% American Indian, 1.28% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.60% from other races, and 1.10% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.45% of the population. There were 25,461 households, out of which 27.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.3% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.6% were non-families. 28.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.28 and the average family size was 2.79. In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 20.8% under the age of 18, 5.1% from 18 to 24, 27.1% from 25 to 44, 23.7% from 45 to 64, and 23.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.5 males. The median income for a household in the CDP was $45,404, and the median income for a family was $52,925. Males had a median income of $41,003 versus $29,287 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $26,470. About 4.3% of families and 5.5% of the population were considered below the poverty line, including 5.2% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those |
However, he also encouraged Singh and his siblings to learn music. | ومع ذلك، شجع أيضًا سينغ وأشقائه على تعلم الموسيقى. |
Against which opponent did Knute Rockne tell his team to "win one for the Gipper?" | George Gipp was the school's legendary football player during 1916–20. He played semiprofessional baseball and smoked, drank, and gambled when not playing sports. He was also humble, generous to the needy, and a man of integrity. It was in 1928 that famed coach Knute Rockne used his final conversation with the dying Gipp to inspire the Notre Dame team to beat the Army team and "win one for the Gipper." The 1940 film, Knute Rockne, All American, starred Pat O'Brien as Knute Rockne and Ronald Reagan as Gipp. Today the team competes in Notre Dame Stadium, an 80,795-seat stadium on campus. The current head coach is Brian Kelly, hired from the University of Cincinnati on December 11, 2009. Kelly's record in midway through his sixth season at Notre Dame is 52–21. In 2012, Kelly's Fighting Irish squad went undefeated and played in the BCS National Championship Game. Kelly succeeded Charlie Weis, who was fired in November 2009 after five seasons. Although Weis led his team to two Bowl Championship Series bowl games, his overall record was 35–27, mediocre by Notre Dame standards, and the 2007 team had the most losses in school history. The football team generates enough revenue to operate independently while $22.1 million is retained from the team's profits for academic use. Forbes named the team as the most valuable in college football, worth a total of $101 million in 2007. |
National Register of Historic Places listings in Chippewa County, Wisconsin | Liste der Einträge im National Register of Historic Places im Chippewa County (Wisconsin) |
Bangladesh at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics | Bangladesz na Mistrzostwach Świata w Lekkoatletyce 2009 |
Gadong, Tibet | غادونغ (تيبت) |
That they have solved the problem successfully will be seen by even more people, and thus the convention will spread in the society. | A probléma sikeres megoldását még több ember látni fogja és ezért a konvenció el fog terjedni a társadalomban. |
Why is the english media baised on Gujurat and the CM, when the state is so developed & best administred? | Because English is taught everywhere in Gujarat, and it is even more used than Gujarati!! |
can ear infections caused tinnitus | Causes and related factors. Most tinnitus is associated with damage. to the auditory (hearing) system, although it can also be associated with. other events or factors: jaw, head, or. neck injury; exposure to certain drugs; nerve damage; or vascular (blood-flow) problems. |
It arises from not thinking." | 而它是產生於不思想。」 |
Tom opened his eyes and looked around the room. | Tom gözlerini açtı ve odaya bakındı. |
Do you like to smoke, why? | personally no\nI know people who like to smoke who need something in their hands, like twirling hair or drumming with your hands, just something to do.\nThey like the repetitive motion. \nOnce you are addicted it is just that addiction. Nicotine is still a drug. |
WVKR also streams its broadcast on the internet, accessible through its website, thus serving not only the Vassar College and Hudson Valley communities, but also anyone else in the world who chooses to listen to the webcast. | WVKR trasmette anche la sua trasmissione su Internet, accessibile attraverso il suo sito Web, in modo da servire non solo il Vassar College e le comunità della Hudson Valley, ma anche chiunque altro al mondo scelga di ascoltare il webcast. |
#Yemen is deep into the humanitarian disaster. | Andauernde humanitäre Katastrophe im Jemen. |
building in Khartoum, Sudan. The 29 story building was completed in 2009, construction having begun in 2005. The | contractor is the Turkish company AINA International. See also Skyscraper design and construction List of tallest buildings in Africa References Buildings and |
After she takes the blame for him during class, her crush becomes obvious to Toby, Manny and Emma. | Après avoir pris le blâme pour lui pendant leur cours, son attirance envers J. T. devient évidente à Toby, Manny et Emma. |
Red Bull Ring with Pau Grand Prix, FIA Formula Two Championship round at Spa and World Series by Renault round at Barcelona. 1 In the qualifying session at Pau, drivers were divided in two groups. Paul-Loup Chatin and Norman Nato both scored an additional point for the fastest time in each of the split qualifying groups. Championship standings Drivers' Championship Juniors' championship Teams' championship Prior to each round of the championship, two drivers from each team – if applicable – are nominated to score teams' championship points. References External links Official | first race he was passed by Red Bull-backed Koiranen's Daniil Kvyat and 2011 Junior champion Melville McKee. Kvyat, who set the second fastest time in qualifying, dominated in both races and left Monza with 53 of 54 possible points. Drivers and teams Race calendar and results The seven-event calendar for the 2012 season was announced on 22 November 2011. The series supported Italian Renault Clio Cup events at all Italian circuits in the schedule and on the Red Bull Ring with Pau Grand Prix, FIA Formula Two Championship round at Spa and World Series by Renault round at Barcelona. |
They are elected from those who have been Members for at least 12 years. | ويتم انتخاب هؤلاء من أولئك الذين كانوا أعضاءًا لمدة 12 عامًا على الأقل. |
is your gut feeling right? | The brain uses a combination of logic and emotion when making decisions of any kind. ... That specific emotion, innate to us as humans, is intuition. We possess the capacity to feel, and thereby the ability to know things without consciously reasoning. The "gut feeling" is real, and we use it all the time. |
I think that's a good idea. | Je pense que c'est une riche idée. |
For the Samkhya, for instance, matter is without any freedom, and soul lacks any ability to control the unfolding of matter. | For Samkhya er materie eksempelvis foruden frihed, og sjæle mangler enhver evne til at kontrollere udviklingen af materie. |
The company later built cars for Sports 2000, Formula Ford 2000, Formula Atlantic and CART. | L'azienda successivamente costruì vetture per la Sports 2000, la Formula Ford 2000, la Formula Atlantic e la CART. |
of the British radio presenter Tom Robinson, which led to a number of tracks, including “I Hope” and “Too Tired to Cry”, receiving airplay on BBC Radio 6. In April 2012, “No Answer” was featured as Track of the Day by British music blog the VPME. In September 2012, the track “Wasted Time” was featured on Tom Robinson’s music blog, Fresh on the Net, and in May 2014 was selected as a Daily Discovery by American Songwriter magazine. References Year of birth missing (living people) Living | Rootless Records. In 2004, Susie Wilkins released a self-produced EP, Bliss. Her songs have since received considerable airplay in the US, UK and Southeast Asia. In 2008, Wilkins supported Joe Jackson for most European dates of his Rain tour, playing at venues such as London’s Shepherd's Bush Empire, Paris' La Cigale, Amsterdam’s Paradiso and Berlin’s Schiller Theater. In 2011, Wilkins released her second album, Anywhere but Here, which features Jeremy Stacey on drums and Mike Visceglia on bass. The album was mixed by Grammy Award winning producer Ryan Freeland in Los Angeles. Following its release, Anywhere but Here attracted the attention of the British radio presenter Tom Robinson, |
Which precious metal did Biezma discover? | and Camargo. In 1631 Juan Rangel de Biezma discovered a rich vein of silver, and subsequently established San Jose del Parral near the site. Parral remained an important economic and cultural center for the next 300 years. On December 8, 1659 Fray García de San Francisco founded the mission of Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe de Mansos del Paso del Río del Norte and founded the town El Paso Del Norte (present day Ciudad Juárez) in 1667. The Spanish society that developed in the region replaced the sparse population of indigenous peoples. The absence of servants and workers forged the spirit of northern people as self-dependent, creative people that defended their European heritage. In 1680 settlers from Santa Fe, New Mexico sought refuge in El Paso Del Norte for twelve years after fleeing the attacks from Pueblo tribes, but returned to Santa Fe in 1692 after Diego de Vargas recaptured the city and vicinity. In 1709, Antonio de Deza y Ulloa founded the state capital Chihuahua City; shortly after, the city became the headquarters for the regional mining offices of the Spanish crown known as Real de Minas de San Francisco de Cuéllar in honor of the Viceroy of New Spain, Francisco Fernández de la Cueva Enríquez, Duke of Alburquerque and the Marquee of Cuéllar.. |
What is the reaction for the preparation of soap from a typical fat? | fat + lye = soap + glycerol\nNeed details?\nSee the site below for a balanced equation for a typical fat reacting with sodium hydroxide to form a soap. |
In 1634 he held a disputation Positiones variae medicae under the presidency of Vorstius, in which he defended the proposition that there should be a pulmonary circulation. | En 1634, il soutint, sous la présidence de Vorstius, un débat intitulé Positiones variae medicae, dans lequel il défendait la thèse de l'existence d'une circulation pulmonaire. |
shaman shaft. Hinduism In Hinduism, Shiva-Rudra carried the khatvāṅga as a staff weapon and are thus referred to as khatvāṅgīs. Author Robert Beer says, "In Hinduism the khatvanga is an emblem or weapon of Shiva, and is variously described as a skull - topped club, a skull - mounted trident, or a trident - staff on which three skulls are impaled". Author A. V. Narasimha Murthy says, "In classical literature the weapon Khatvanga is mentioned in works like Mālatīmādhava of Bhavabhuti and Śiva Stutī of Narayana Panditacharya". Fabrication Originally, the khatvāṅga was made of bones, especially, the long bones of forearm or the leg of human beings or animals. Later, wood and metal were used. The khatvāṅga is a long club with skulls engraved on the body. A khatvāṅga represents the vajra. Vajrayana Buddhism Author Robert Beer says, "The form of the Buddhist khaṭvāṅga derived from the emblematic staff of the early Indian Shaivite yogins, known as kapalikas or 'skull-bearers'. The kapalikas were originally miscreants who had been sentenced to a twelve-year term of penance for the crime of inadvertently killing a Brahmin. The penitent was prescribed to dwell in a forest hut, at a desolate crossroads, in a charnel ground, or under a tree; to live by begging; to practice austerities; and to wear a loin-cloth of hemp, dog, or donkey-skin. They also had to carry the emblems of a human skull as an alms-bowl, and | Shaivism and Vajrayana Buddhism. The khatvāṅga was adopted by some lineages of historical tantra though it preceded such traditions as of an original tribal shaman shaft. Hinduism In Hinduism, Shiva-Rudra carried the khatvāṅga as a staff weapon and are thus referred to as khatvāṅgīs. Author Robert Beer says, "In Hinduism the khatvanga is an emblem or weapon of Shiva, and is variously described as a skull - topped club, a skull - mounted trident, or a trident - staff on which three skulls are impaled". Author A. V. Narasimha Murthy says, "In classical literature the weapon Khatvanga is mentioned in works like Mālatīmādhava of Bhavabhuti and Śiva Stutī of Narayana Panditacharya". Fabrication Originally, the khatvāṅga was made of bones, especially, the long bones of forearm or the leg of human beings or animals. Later, wood and metal were used. The khatvāṅga is a |
advisor to the Board". Former Paykan FC assistant coach under Farhad Kazemi, Mohsen Garousi was named head coach and Ebrahim Vatanikia, one of the countries most renowned youth coaches, as head of the youth academy. Major changes in the team followed, with only 6 players remaining from the previous season, and this time, the club set their sights on a more modest mid table finish. The club's start to the season though was anything but, as Garousi was sacked after losing all of the first seven games. His replacement Asghar Sharafi signed on a two-year deal and promised to keep the club in the second division. Despite a five match winning streak, the team was not able to make up for their terrible start to the season, finishing in 9th place- only a four-point improvement from the previous season. Shortly after, speculation began on the club's future. While the senior team had not enjoyed much success during the past two seasons, the club had proven successful with its ambitious plans for the youth academy. Vatanikia also affirmed the support of the board by praising them in an interview after winning numerous titles with Ekbatan's academy. Hedayati's takeover On April 30, 2007 Iranian multi millionaire Hossein Hedayati bought Ekbatan and renamed it to Steel Azin. With strong financial support and an ambitious owner, Steel Azin promised to be the new heavyweights in Iranian football. Youth academy Ekbatan was known for having one of the best youth academies in Iranian football and had introduced a number of talented players to Iranian football. It was one of the youngest teams in the Azadegan League, with an age average of 23 in the season prior to the takeover of Hossein Hedayati. Following the takeover, Steel Azin's youth academy was completely recreated by former Iranian national team coach Heshmat Mohajerani. Iran Pro League Hossein Hedayati went on an unprecedented shopping spree as he brought the biggest names in Iranian football to his second tier football club of Steel Azin. Players included national team goalkeeper Ebrahim Mirzapour, Davoud Fanaei, Hamed Kavianpour, Ali Ansarian and Mohammad Parvin. Iranian football legend Ali Parvin was installed as Technical director while former Esteghlal and Cameroon assistant coach Theo de Jong became head coach. Heshmat Mohajerani was named director of the youth academy. The huge media buzz and the stars who were brought in, did not prove successful as they were not able to gain promotion to the Premier League. Mohammad Parvin finished as top scorer following a number of impressive appearances. The following year, after a major big names load off, the club was narrowly promoted to the Premier League. Following promotion to the top tier, the heavy investments once again commenced. Star signings followed and even foreign based players like Lek Kcira, Leonard Kweuke and Iranians Ferydoon Zandi and Amir Shapourzadeh. The player who caused for the biggest media attention though, was Ali Karimi who joined from rivals Pirouzi. Despite all of this, Steel Azin's first season in the Iranian Premier League was a disaster, as the club finished in fifth place, with the blame put largely on their defence. In the 2010/2011 season, Steel Azin had a nightmare season. With numerous Managerial and coaching changes, the club was bottom of the table for nearly all of the 34 weeks. Ali Karimi's contract was terminated | the summer of 2005, the club was sold by Rabti & Ghani to an Iranian construction tycoon living abroad. Following their takeover, the new ownership group of the club announced a new era, vowing to invest in youth football. The first move was a shuffle on the bench. Rabti was replaced by his assistant coach, and was made Technical Director. Ghani remained Club manager in the new Club structure modeled after German teams - it included the owner as the club chairman. The club's pre- season included a month-long stay in Dubai and matches against Sharjah Wanderers Club, Fabexi FC and Al Nasr SC. With the new investments, a trip to Dubai and a place to call home (Shahid Dastgerdi Stadium), Ekbatan was tipped as a possible promotion candidate. Once the season started though, it took only three weeks for the coach to be replaced and Rabti was reinstated as head coach. The club's dismal start to the season continued, which saw them at the bottom of the standings by mid season despite a remarkable 1-0 win over league leaders Pegah F.C. who suffered their first defeat of the season. The club continued a losing run and Rabti was sacked with 5 games left, though he would remain on the board until the end of the season. Team scout and Ekbatan legend Hadi Ahangaran was given the task of fighting relegation and keeping the club in the league. This proved a successful appointment, and the club narrowly beat the drop after beating Nozhan in the relegation play off match, played in Esfahan. In preparation for the next season, Ekbatan made some high-profile changes to the backroom staff including Farhad Kazemi as "special advisor to the Board". Former Paykan FC assistant coach under Farhad Kazemi, Mohsen Garousi was named head coach and Ebrahim Vatanikia, one of the countries most renowned youth coaches, as head of the youth academy. Major changes in the team followed, with only 6 players remaining from the previous season, and this time, the club set their sights on a more modest mid table finish. The club's start to the season though was anything but, as Garousi was sacked after losing all of the first seven games. His replacement Asghar Sharafi signed on a two-year deal and promised |
is at 5.3%. Reform happened in Indonesia around the 1980s, when the Indonesian government states it will be attempting to economically integrate with global economies. They stated in 2017 that "Globalisation has made it difficult for the Indonesian economy to balance all other factors of the economy". Data The following table shows the main economic indicators in 1980–2020. Inflation under 5% is in green. Structure Indonesia faced a recession in 2020 when the economic growth collapsed to -2.07% due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the worst growth since 1997 crisis. Transportation and accommodation were significantly affected by the COVID-19 outbreak, since many hotels were forced to close and not operate to reduce the spread of the virus. Composition Sub-sector Source: Indonesian Central Agency on Statistics (Badan Pusat Statistik). Sectors Agriculture Agriculture is a key sector which contributed to 14.43% of GDP. Currently, there are around 30% of the land area used for agriculture and employed about 49 million people (41% of the total workforce). Primary agriculture commodities include rice, cassava (tapioca), peanuts, natural rubber, cocoa, coffee, palm oil, copra; poultry, beef, pork, and eggs. Palm oil production is vital to the economy as Indonesia is the world's biggest producer and consumer of the commodity, providing about half of the world's supply. Plantations in the country stretch across 6 million hectares as of 2007, with a replanting plan set for an additional 4.7 million to boost productivity in 2017. There are a number of negative social and environmental impacts of palm oil production in Southeast Asia. Seafood In 2015, the total production of seafood reached about 22.31 million metric tons, valued at around 18.10 billion US dollars. For capture of wild fish (both inland and marine), the production trend was steady in 2011–2015, while there was a steep increase in the production from aquaculture during the same period. Oil and mining Indonesia was the only Asian member of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) until 2008 and is currently a net oil importer. In 1999, crude and condensate output averaged per day, and in 1998, the oil and gas sector including refining, contributed approximately 9% to GDP. As of 2005, crude oil and condensate output were per day. It indicates a substantial decline from the 1990s, due primarily to ageing oil fields and a lack of investment in oil production equipment. This decline in production has been accompanied by a substantial increase in domestic consumption, about 5.4% per year, leading to an estimated US$1.2 billion cost for importing oil in 2005. The state owns all petroleum and mineral rights. Foreign firms participate through production-sharing and work contracts. Oil and gas contractors are required to finance all exploration, production, and development costs in their contract areas and are entitled to recover operating, exploration, and development costs out of the oil and gas produced. Indonesia had previously subsidized fuel prices to keep prices low, costing US$7 billion in 2004. SBY has mandated a significant reduction of government subsidy of fuel prices in several stages. The government has stated that cuts in subsidies are aimed at reducing the budget deficit to 1% of GDP in 2005, down from around 1.6% last year. At the same time, the government has offered one-time subsidies for qualified citizens, to alleviate hardships. Indonesia is the world's largest tin market. Although mineral production traditionally centered on bauxite, silver, and tin, it is expanding its copper, nickel, gold, and coal output for export markets. In mid-1993, the Department of Mines and Energy reopened the coal sector to foreign investment, resulting in a joint venture between Indonesian coal producer and BP and Rio Tinto Group. Total coal production reached 74 million metric tons in 1999, including exports of 55 million tons, and in 2011, production was 353 million. As of 2014, Indonesia is the third-largest producer with a total output of 458 Mt and export of 382 Mt. At this rate, the reserves will be used up in 61 years until 2075. Not all of the productions can be exported due to Domestic Market Obligation (DMO) regulation, which should fulfill the domestic market. In 2012, the DMO was 24.72%. Starting from 2014, no low-grade coal exports are allowed, so the upgraded brown coal process that cranks up the calorie value of coal from 4,500 to 6,100 kcal/kg will be built in South Kalimantan and South Sumatra. Indonesia is also the world's largest producer of nickel. Two US firms operate three copper/gold mines in Indonesia, with a Canadian and British firm holding significant other investments in nickel and gold, respectively. India's fortune groups like Vedanta Resources and Tata Group also have substantial mining operations in Indonesia. In 1998, the value of Indonesian gold and copper production was $1 billion and $843 million respectively. Receipts from gold, copper, and coal accounted for 84% of the $3 billion earned in 1998 by the mineral mining sector. With the addition of Alumina project that produces 5% of the world's alumina production, Indonesia would be the world's second-largest Alumina producer. The project will not make the ores to become aluminum, as there are 100 types of Alumina derivatives that can be developed further by other companies in Indonesia. Joko Widodo's administration continued the resource nationalism policy of SBY, nationalizing some assets controlled by multinational companies such as Freeport McMoRan, Total SA and Chevron. In 2018, in a move aimed to cut imports, oil companies operating in Indonesia were ordered to sell their crude oil to state-owned Pertamina. Manufacturing Indonesia's manufacturing sector has historically played a key role in the country's economic development and now contributes to 20 percent of GDP. The government has ambitious plans to propel the country into the top ten biggest economies in the world by 2030, with manufacturing at the heart of this goal. The main areas of production include textiles and garments, food and beverages (F&B), electronics, automotive, and chemicals, with the majority of manufacturers in this sector consisting of micro, small, or medium-sized enterprises. The sector has posted a consistent four percent growth year-on-year since 2016 and registered 147 trillion rupiah (US$8.9 billion) in investments from January to September 2019. Indonesia recently became the 10th-largest manufacturing nation in the world. Its large manufacturing sector accounts for almost a quarter of the nation's total GDP and employs over a fifth of Indonesia's working age population (around 25 million workers). Put into perspective, Indonesia's manufacturing sector is now larger than the manufacturing sectors of the United Kingdom, Russia and Mexico. Industry sector (including manufacturing) which accounts for 21% of local workers (having become more prominent in recent years). Indonesia's labour pool is estimated at around 120 million people, and is growing annually by approximately 2.4 million. As the economy has progressed beyond its predominantly agricultural base to a mixed composition, more workers – particularly women – are now employed in manufacturing and service-related professional industries. With its rapidly growing middle class and competitive workforce, more foreign investors than ever before are taking advantage of Indonesia's strong manufacturing sector. However, the sector has significant challenges, including intense international competition, particularly from China, increasing labour costs, high transportation and logistics costs, difficulties getting credit, and varying levels of transparency and clarity in regulations. Renewable energy Indonesia has significant potential for developing renewable energy, however, the country continues to rely heavily on the use of fossil fuels in domestic electricity production. Continued reliance on fossil fuels, such as coal in particular, may result in fossil fuels becoming stranded assets leading to significant investments lost that the country could receive from renewable energy investors. Automotive industry In 2010, Indonesia sold 7.6 million motorcycles, which were mainly produced in the country with almost 100% local components. Honda led the market with a 50.95% market share, followed by Yamaha with 41.37%. In 2011, the retail car sales total was 888,335 units, a 19.26% increase from last year. Toyota dominated the domestic car market (35.34%), followed by Daihatsu and Mitsubishi with 15.44% and 14.56%, respectively. Since 2011, some local carmakers have introduced some Indonesian national cars which can be categorized as Low-Cost Green Car (LCGC). In 2012, sales increased significantly by 24%, making it the first time that there were more than one million units in automobile sales. In August 2014, Indonesia exported 126,935 Completely Build Up (CBU) vehicle units and 71,000 Completely Knock Down (CKD) vehicle units, while total production reached 878,000 vehicle units, constituting 22.5% of total output. Automotive export is more than double of its import. By 2020, it is predicted that the automotive exports will be the third after CPO and shoe export. In August 2015, Indonesia exported 123,790 motorcycles. In the same year, Yamaha Motor Company, which exported 82,641, announced to make Indonesia as a base of exporting of its products. In 2017, the country produced almost 1.2 million motor vehicles, ranking it as the 18th largest producer in the world. Nowadays, Indonesian automotive companies can produce cars with a high ratio of local content (80%–90%). In 2018, the country produced 1.34 million cars and exported 346,000 cars, mainly to the Philippines and Vietnam. Finance, real estate and business There are 50 million small businesses in Indonesia, with online usage growth of 48% in 2010. Google announced that it would open a local office in Indonesia before 2012. According to Deloitte in 2011, Internet-related activities have generated 1.6% of the GDP. It is bigger than electronic and electrical equipment exports and liquefied natural gas at 1.51% and 1.45% respectively. Up to the end of June 2011, the fixed state assets were Rp 1,265 trillion ($128 billion). The value of state stocks was Rp 50 trillion ($5 billion) while other state assets were Rp 24 trillion ($2.4 billion). In 2015, financial services covered Rp 7,2 trillion. Fifty domestic and foreign conglomerations held around 70.5%. Fourteen of it were vertical conglomerations, 28 were horizontal, and eight are mixed. Thirty-five entities are mainly in the bank industries, 13 were in non-bank industries and one each in special financial industries and capital market industries. Others The Indonesian Textile Association has reported that in 2013, the textile sector is likely to attract investment of around $175 million. In 2012, the investment in this sector was $247 million, of which only $51 million was for new textile machinery. Exports from the textile sector in 2012 were $13.7 billion. In 2011, Indonesia released 55,010 working visas for foreigners, an increase of 10% compared to 2010, while the number of foreign residents in Indonesia, excluding tourists and foreign emissaries was 111,752, rose by 6% compared to last year. Those who received visas for six months to one year were mostly Chinese, Japanese, South Koreans, Indians, Americans and Australians. A few of them were entrepreneurs who made new businesses. Malaysia is the most common destination of Indonesian migrant workers (including illegal workers). In 2010, according to a World Bank report, Indonesia was among the world's top ten remittance-receiving countries with a value totaling $7 billion. In May 2011, six million Indonesian citizens were working overseas, 2.2 million of whom reside in Malaysia and another 1.5 million in Saudi Arabia. Regional economies GDP by provinces There are 34 provinces in Indonesia. Below are the top 15 provinces in Indonesia ranked by GDP in 2019: Foreign economic relations ASEAN Until the end of 2010, intra-ASEAN trade was still low as trade involved mainly exports to countries outside the region, with the exception of Laos and Myanmar, whose foreign trade was ASEAN-oriented. In 2009, realised foreign direct investment (FDI) was US$37.9 billion and increased two-fold in 2010 to US$75.8 billion. The ASEAN Framework Agreement on Trade in Services (AFAS) was adopted at the ASEAN Summit in Bangkok in December 1995. Under the agreement, member states enter into successive rounds of negotiations to liberalise trade in services with the aim of submitting increasingly higher levels of commitment. ASEAN has concluded seven packages of commitments under AFAS. Mutual Recognition Agreements (MRAs) have been agreed upon by ASEAN for eight professions: physicians, dentists, nurses, architects, engineers, accountants, surveyors, and tourism professionals. Individuals in these professions will be free to work in any ASEAN states effective 31 December 2015. In addition, six member states (Malaysia, Vietnam (2 exchanges), Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, and Singapore) have collaborated on integrating their stock exchanges, which includes 70% of its transaction values with the goal to compete with international exchanges. Single market will also include the ASEAN Single Aviation Market (ASEAN-SAM), the region's aviation policy geared towards the development of a unified and single aviation market in Southeast Asia. It was proposed by the ASEAN Air Transport Working Group, supported by the ASEAN Senior Transport Officials Meeting, and endorsed by the ASEAN Transport Ministers. It is expected to liberalise air travel between member states allowing ASEAN airlines to benefit directly from the growth in air travel, and also free up tourism, trade, investment, and service flows. This policy supersedes existing unilateral, bilateral, and multilateral air services agreements among member states which are inconsistent with its provisions. Japan Indonesia and Japan signed the Indonesia–Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA), which had come into effect on 1 July 2008. The agreement was Indonesia's first bilateral free-trade agreement to ease the cross-border flow of goods and people as well as investment between both countries. In 2012, there were between 1,200 and 1,300 Japanese corporates operating in Indonesia, with some 12,000 Japanese nationals living in Indonesia. Japan has been investing in Indonesia for decades, particularly in the automotive, electronic goods, energy, and mining sectors. Prior to the formation of the Indonesian Republic, the Japanese had viewed Indonesia as an important source of natural resources. The Japanese need of natural resources was among the reasons that led the nation to advance further to the south in their military conquests during World War II. Today Indonesia is Japan's major supplier for natural rubber, liquefied natural gas, coal, minerals, paper pulp, seafood such as shrimp and tuna, and coffee. Traditionally Indonesia has been regarded as a major market of Japanese automotive and electronic goods. For Japanese businesses, Indonesia has been a location for low-cost manufacturing operations as well as being the source of various natural resources required by those operations. Approximately 1,000 Japanese companies operate in Indonesia which employ approximately 300,000 people. Major Japanese factories are concentrated east of Jakarta with high concentrations in Bekasi, Cikarang and Karawang, West | top ten remittance-receiving countries with a value totaling $7 billion. In May 2011, six million Indonesian citizens were working overseas, 2.2 million of whom reside in Malaysia and another 1.5 million in Saudi Arabia. Regional economies GDP by provinces There are 34 provinces in Indonesia. Below are the top 15 provinces in Indonesia ranked by GDP in 2019: Foreign economic relations ASEAN Until the end of 2010, intra-ASEAN trade was still low as trade involved mainly exports to countries outside the region, with the exception of Laos and Myanmar, whose foreign trade was ASEAN-oriented. In 2009, realised foreign direct investment (FDI) was US$37.9 billion and increased two-fold in 2010 to US$75.8 billion. The ASEAN Framework Agreement on Trade in Services (AFAS) was adopted at the ASEAN Summit in Bangkok in December 1995. Under the agreement, member states enter into successive rounds of negotiations to liberalise trade in services with the aim of submitting increasingly higher levels of commitment. ASEAN has concluded seven packages of commitments under AFAS. Mutual Recognition Agreements (MRAs) have been agreed upon by ASEAN for eight professions: physicians, dentists, nurses, architects, engineers, accountants, surveyors, and tourism professionals. Individuals in these professions will be free to work in any ASEAN states effective 31 December 2015. In addition, six member states (Malaysia, Vietnam (2 exchanges), Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, and Singapore) have collaborated on integrating their stock exchanges, which includes 70% of its transaction values with the goal to compete with international exchanges. Single market will also include the ASEAN Single Aviation Market (ASEAN-SAM), the region's aviation policy geared towards the development of a unified and single aviation market in Southeast Asia. It was proposed by the ASEAN Air Transport Working Group, supported by the ASEAN Senior Transport Officials Meeting, and endorsed by the ASEAN Transport Ministers. It is expected to liberalise air travel between member states allowing ASEAN airlines to benefit directly from the growth in air travel, and also free up tourism, trade, investment, and service flows. This policy supersedes existing unilateral, bilateral, and multilateral air services agreements among member states which are inconsistent with its provisions. Japan Indonesia and Japan signed the Indonesia–Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA), which had come into effect on 1 July 2008. The agreement was Indonesia's first bilateral free-trade agreement to ease the cross-border flow of goods and people as well as investment between both countries. In 2012, there were between 1,200 and 1,300 Japanese corporates operating in Indonesia, with some 12,000 Japanese nationals living in Indonesia. Japan has been investing in Indonesia for decades, particularly in the automotive, electronic goods, energy, and mining sectors. Prior to the formation of the Indonesian Republic, the Japanese had viewed Indonesia as an important source of natural resources. The Japanese need of natural resources was among the reasons that led the nation to advance further to the south in their military conquests during World War II. Today Indonesia is Japan's major supplier for natural rubber, liquefied natural gas, coal, minerals, paper pulp, seafood such as shrimp and tuna, and coffee. Traditionally Indonesia has been regarded as a major market of Japanese automotive and electronic goods. For Japanese businesses, Indonesia has been a location for low-cost manufacturing operations as well as being the source of various natural resources required by those operations. Approximately 1,000 Japanese companies operate in Indonesia which employ approximately 300,000 people. Major Japanese factories are concentrated east of Jakarta with high concentrations in Bekasi, Cikarang and Karawang, West Java. China Trade with China has increased since the 1990s, and in 2014, China became Indonesia's second-largest export destination after Japan. Trade between China and Indonesia is on the rise, especially after the implementation of ACFTA since early 2010. Indeed, while in 2003 trade between Indonesia and China reached only US$3.8 billion, in 2010 it multiplied almost 10 times and reached US$36.1 billion. China's transformation into Fastest growing country in the 21st century has led to an increase of foreign investments in the bamboo network, a network of overseas Chinese businesses operating in the markets of Southeast Asia that share common family and cultural ties. However the free trade with China has caused much anxiety in Indonesia, since inflows of cheap products from China could harm Indonesian industry. Indonesian private sector and civil society organizations vigorously lobbied the Indonesian government and members of parliament, insisting that Indonesia should either pull out of the agreement or renegotiate its terms with Beijing. China has remained on top of Indonesia's key major trading partners, serving as the country's largest export and import market. China serves as Indonesia's largest export destination after overtaking Japan and United States, reaching US$16.8 billion. China is also Indonesia's most important source of imports, reaching US$30.8 billion, or 22.7% of Indonesian imports in 2016. The balance however was in favour of China as Indonesia booked a trade deficit of US$14 billion in 2016. From China's perspective, since 2010 ASEAN as a whole has become its fourth-largest trading partner after the European Union, Japan and the United States. Among ASEAN member countries, Indonesia was China's fourth-largest trading partner, which, according to data as of May 2010 from the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China, amounted to US$12.4 billion, after Malaysia (US$22.2 billion), Singapore (US$17.9 billion) and Thailand (US$15.7 billion). With China's economic rise, Indonesia has been intensifying its trade relationship with China to counterbalance its ties with the West. By 2020, China had become Indonesia's largest export destination. South Korea In the past, the relations were only developed around trade and investments, such as the forestry and garment sectors. Today the cooperation has been expanded to a number of mega projects and advanced industries. With US$27 billion in bilateral trade, South Korea became the fourth biggest trading partner of Indonesia in 2012. It became the third-biggest foreign investor in Indonesia, with US$1.94 billion in investment. There are large numbers of South Korean companies that have been investing and operating in Indonesia, such as Miwon (Daesang Corporation), Lotte, Yong Ma, Hankook Tire, Samsung, LG, Kia Motors, and Hyundai. In 2011, Hankook announced a US$353 million investment into a production plant located in Bekasi, West Java, Indonesia. In 2019, trade between Indonesia and South Korea was worth $15.65 billion, and between 2015 and 2019 South Korean companies invested nearly $7 billion in Indonesia. In December 2020, Indonesia and South Korea signed a comprehensive economic partnership. It is equivalent to a free trade agreement, though focuses on a broader scope of economic cooperation. Under the deal, Indonesia will scrap 94.8% of tariffs on South Korean products while South Korea will scrap 95.8% of tariffs on Indonesian products. United States At the beginning of the post-Suharto era, US exports to Indonesia in 1999 totaled $2 billion, down significantly from $4.5 billion in 1997. The main exports were construction equipment, machinery, aviation parts, chemicals, and agricultural products. US imports from Indonesia in 1999 totaled $9.5 billion and consisted primarily of clothing, machinery and transportation equipment, petroleum, natural rubber, and footwear. Financial assistance to Indonesia is coordinated through the Consultative Group on Indonesia (CGI) formed in 1989. It includes 19 donor countries and 13 international organizations that meet annually to coordinate donor assistance. In 2019, as Indonesia's share of global trade exceeded 0.5 percent, the United States Trade Representatives decided not to classify Indonesia as a "developing country." Despite a revocation of this status, the Indonesian government has assured that this would not change the current Generalized System of Preferences facilities that Indonesia had enjoyed from the United States. European Union The EU and Indonesia have built robust commercial relations, with bilateral trade amounting to approximately €25 billion in 2012 resulting in a sizeable €5.7 billion trade surplus for Indonesia with the EU. In the past few years trade between EU and Indonesia has been marked by an upward trend. Whereas total trade was worth almost €16 billion in 2009, by 2011 it had already reached €23.5 billion. For the EU, Indonesia is the 24th largest import source (share 0.9%) and the 30th largest export destination (share 0.6%). Inside the ASEAN-region, Indonesia ranks fourth in terms of total trade. The EU is Indonesia's 4th largest trading partner after Japan, China and Singapore, representing almost 10% of its total external trade. The EU is the second largest investor in the Indonesian economy. Indonesia mostly exports to the EU agricultural products and processed resources, mainly palm oil, fuels and mining products, textiles and furniture. EU exports to Indonesia consist mainly of high-tech machinery and transport equipment, chemicals and various manufactured goods. Essentially, trade flows between Indonesia and the EU complement each other. After negotiations on a free trade agreement with ASEAN got increasingly difficult, the EU began pursuing negotiations with individual ASEAN states. The EU and Indonesia are currently working towards an ambitious Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement covering trade, investment and services. India On 25 January 2011, after talks by Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh and visiting President of Indonesia Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, India and Indonesia had signed business deals worth billions of dollars and set an ambitious target of doubling trade over the next five years. India also has further economic ties with Indonesia through its free trade agreement with ASEAN, of which Indonesia is a member. The two countries target to achieve bilateral trade of $25 billion by 2015, with cumulative Indian investments of $20 billion in Indonesia. Macro-economic trend This is a chart of trend of Indonesia's GDP at market prices by the IMF with figures in millions of rupiah. For purchasing power parity comparisons, the exchange rate for 1 US dollar is set at 3,094.57 rupiah. Average net wage in Indonesia varies by sector. In February 2017 the electricity, gas, and water sector has the highest average net wage, while the agriculture sector has the lowest. Investment Since the late 1980s, Indonesia has made significant changes to its regulatory framework to encourage economic growth. This growth was financed mostly from private investment, both foreign and domestic. US investors dominated the oil and gas sector and undertook some of Indonesia's largest mining projects. In addition, the presence of US banks, manufacturers, and service providers expanded, especially after the industrial and financial sector reforms of the 1980s. Other major foreign investors included India, Japan, the UK, Singapore, the Netherlands, Qatar, Hong Kong, Taiwan and South Korea. The 1997 crisis made continued private financing imperative but problematic. New foreign investment approvals fell by almost two-thirds between 1997 and 1999. The crisis further highlighted areas where additional reform was needed. Frequently cited areas for improving the investment climate were the establishment of a functioning legal and judicial system, adherence to competitive processes, and adoption of internationally acceptable accounting and disclosure standards. Despite improvements of laws in recent years, Indonesia's intellectual property rights regime remains weak, and lack of effective enforcement is a significant concern. Under Suharto, Indonesia had moved towards the private provision of public infrastructure, including electric power, toll roads, and telecommunications. The 1997 crisis brought to light a severe weakness in the process of dispute resolution, however, particularly in the area of private infrastructure projects. Although Indonesia continued to have the advantages of a large labour force, abundant natural resources and modern infrastructure, private investment in new projects largely ceased during the crisis. As of 28 June 2010, the Indonesia Stock Exchange had 341 listed companies with a combined market capitalization of $269.9 billion. As of November 2010, two-thirds of the market capitalization was in the form of foreign funds, and only around 1% of the population have stock investments. Efforts are further being made to improve the business and investment environment. Within the World Bank's Doing Business Survey, Indonesia rose to 122 out of 178 countries in 2010, from 129 in the previous year. Despite these efforts, the rank is still below regional peers, and an unfavorable investment climate persists. For example, potential foreign investors and their executive staff cannot maintain their own bank accounts in Indonesia, unless they are tax-paying local residents (paying tax in Indonesia for their worldwide income). From 1990 to 2010, Indonesian companies have been involved in 3,757 mergers and acquisitions as either acquirer or target with a total known value of $137 billion. In 2010, 609 transactions were announced, which is a new record. Numbers had increased by 19% compared to 2009. The value of deals in 2010 was US$17 billion, which is the second-highest number ever. In 2012, Indonesia realized total investments of $32.5 billion, surpassing its annual target $25 billion, as reported by Investment Coordinating Board (BKPM) on 22 January. The primary investments were in the mining, transport and chemicals sectors. In 2011, the Indonesian government announced a new Masterplan (known as the MP3EI, or Masterplan Percepatan dan Perluasan Pembangunan Ekonomi Indonesia, the Masterplan to Accelerate and Expand Economic Development in Indonesia). The aim was to encourage increased investment, particularly in infrastructure projects across Indonesia. Indonesia regained its investment grade rating from Fitch Rating in late 2011, and from Moody's Rating in early 2012, after losing it in the 1997 crisis, during which Indonesia spent more than Rp. 450 trillion ($50 billion) to bail out lenders from banks. Fitch raised Indonesia's long-term and local currency debt rating to BBB- from BB+ with both ratings is stable. Fitch also predicted that the economy would grow at least 6% on average per year through 2013, despite a less conducive global economic climate. Moody's raised Indonesia's foreign and local currency bond ratings to Baa3 from Ba1 with a stable outlook. In May 2017, S&P Global raised Indonesia's investment grade from BB+ to BBB- with a stable outlook, due to the economy experiencing a rebound in exports and strong consumer spending during early 2017. Public expenditure In 2015, total public spending was Rp 1,806 trillion (US$130.88 billion, 15.7% of GDP). Government revenues, including those from state-owned enterprises (BUMN), totaled Rp 1,508 trillion (US$109.28 billion, 13.1% of GDP) resulting in a deficit of 2.6%. Since the 1997 crisis that caused an increase in debt and public subsidies and a decrease in development spending, Indonesia's public finances have undergone a major transformation. As a result of a series macroeconomic policies, including a low budget deficit, Indonesia is considered to have moved into a situation of financial resources sufficiency to address development needs. Decentralization, enacted during the Habibie administration, has changed the manner of government spending, which has resulted in around 40% of public funds being transferred to regional governments by 2006. In 2005, rising international oil prices led to the government's decision of slashing fuel subsidies. It led to an extra US$10 billion for government spending on development, and by 2006, there were an additional 5 billion due to steady growth, and declining debt service payments. It was the country's first "fiscal space" since the revenue windfall during the 1970s oil boom. Due to decentralization and fiscal space, Indonesia has the potential to improve the quality of its public services. Such potential also enables the country to focus on further reforms, such as the provision of targeted infrastructure. Careful management of allocated funds has been described as Indonesia's main issue in public expenditure. In 2018, President Joko Widodo substantially increased the amount of debt by taking foreign loans. Indonesia has increased the debt by Rp 1,815 trillion compared to his predecessor, SBY. He has insisted that the loan is used for productive long-term projects such as building roads, bridges, and airports. Finance Minister Sri Mulyani also stated that despite an increase of foreign loans and debt, the government has also increased the budget for infrastructure development, healthcare, education, and budget given to regencies and villages. The government is insisting that foreign debt is still under control, and complying with relevant laws that limit debt to be under 60% of GDP. Regional performance Based on the regional administration implementation performance evaluation of 2009, by order, the best performance were: 3 provinces: North Sulawesi, South Sulawesi , and Central Java; 10 regencies: Jombang, Bojonegoro and Pacitan in East Java Province, Sragen in Central Java, Boalemo in Gorontalo, Enrekang in South Sulawesi, Buleleng in Bali, Luwu Utara in South Sulawesi, Karanganyar in Central Java, and Kulon Progo in Yogyakarta; 10 cities: Surakarta and Semarang in Central Java, Banjar in West Java, Yogyakarta city in Yogyakarta, Cimahi in West Java, Sawahlunto in West Sumatra, Probolinggo and Mojokerto in East Java, and Sukabumi and Bogor in West Java. Based on JBIC Fiscal Year 2010 survey (22nd Annual Survey Report) found that in 2009, Indonesia has the highest satisfaction level in net sales and profits for Japanese companies. Wealth National net wealth National net wealth, also known as national net worth, is the total sum of the value of a nation's assets minus its liabilities. It refers to the total value of net wealth possessed by the citizens of a nation at a set point in time. This figure is an important indicator of a nation's ability to take on debt and sustain spending and is influenced not only by real estate prices, equity market prices, exchange rates, liabilities and incidence in a country of the adult population, but also by human resources, natural resources and capital and technological advancements, which may create new assets or render others worthless in the future. According to Credit Suisse, Indonesia has national net wealth of approximately $3.199 trillion, or about 0.765% of world net wealth, placing Indonesia at 17th, above Russia, Brazil, and Sweden. High-net-worth individuals According to Asia Wealth Report, Indonesia has the highest |
During its heyday, 27,000 children a year vacationed at Artek. | أثناء أوجها، 27،000 طفل سنويا اجازتها في آرتيك . |
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