What happens when I try to store more 8019 bytes in a SQL Server table row? I read -

total fixed and variable length data are still limited to 8019 bytes total

But my data can possibly be more than this. What happens if it's more. Does it still store the data correctly? 

Also can someone tell me how I can store for example over 4000 bytes of text data in a column. Is that possible?
From Row-Overflow Data Exceeding 8 KB :


  A table can contain a maximum of 8,060 bytes per row. In SQL Server
  2008, this restriction is relaxed for tables that contain varchar,
  nvarchar, varbinary, sql_variant, or CLR user-defined type columns.
  The length of each one of these columns must still fall within the
  limit of 8,000 bytes; however, their combined widths can exceed the
  8,060-byte limit


That means it's really hard to hit the 8kb limit.  You could script it:

if object_id('YourTable') is not null
    drop table YourTable
go
create table YourTable (id int identity);
declare @i int = 1
declare @sql varchar(max)
while @i &lt; 800
    begin
    set @sql =  'alter table YourTable add col' + cast(@i as varchar(24)) + 
        ' decimal(38);'
    exec (@sql)
    set @i = @i + 1
    end 


This will show you the error message:


  Msg 1701, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 Creating or altering table
  'YourTable' failed because the minimum row size would be 8076,
  including 65 bytes of internal overhead. This exceeds the maximum
  allowable table row size of 8060 bytes.