Any possible way to encrypt SQL Server 2012 database or backup? We don't have SQL Server 2014 or later versions, so I can't take advantage of the backup encryption enhancement available in those. But I would like to know if there are any ways to use any type of encryption for a SQL Server 2012 databases. It could be encrypting the database, backup, or any other object. Any help is appreciated along with the scripts to do so if available.
There are plenty of ways to utilize encryption in SQL Server 2012.  Here is an article that goes into further detail:
http://sqlmag.com/database-security/sql-server-encryption-options

Note, transparent data encryption is only available in Enterprise edition. 
https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc645993(v=SQL.110).aspx