Invalid characters in xml I have just downloaded a large xml file and most of characters appear as "�". I changed the encoding but there was no improvement. Anyone knows what this might be due to?

One fishy thing: the file does not start as a usual xml, but rather as: "� m�Y �/opt/cds-invenio/var/www/dumps/.HepNames-records.xml"

The administrator give me a tip: "clearly it's Content-Type: application/x-gzip", which I did not understand.

Thanks for the support.
Sounds like the file you downloaded is actually not an XML file yet. It is actually a compressed XML file, and was probably compressed using the GZip algorithm.

To see your data you will have to decompress it:


rename the file to an .xml.gz extension (if it doesn't have one already)
use any decompression program to decompress your XML data (7zip is good/free)
open the resulting XML file in your favourite text editor!