Why does SQL Server Management Studio crash? When I open SSMS I get this message:


  SSMS - SQL Server Management Studio has encountered a problem and needs to close. We are sorry for the inconvenience.


What can I do?



The issue persists after a reboot and I do not have any add-ins installed.

This is SQL Server 2008 R2 SSMS running on Windows XP.

SSMS was running without errors before on this machine.

SSMS was installed from SQL Server package not alone. Is it recommended to reinstall the package? Or how to install SSMS alone?

The same issue occurs for all users.
To fix the error, you should understand the actual error which is not displayed in the screenshot that you've provided in your question. You can view the actual error by reading the application events within the event viewer when the error occurs. 


Start by writing down the timestamp when the error happens.  
Open Event Viewer 
View the application logs and match the error message with the timestamp when the error occurred.


It's pretty common knowledge that Microsoft displays friendly errors to users when errors occur by default which generally leads the end user to questions that cant be answered, friendly error messages only complicate questions. You need to view the source. Feel free to ask your question again so that a professional can provide you a better professional response from a professionally written question with all the required dependencies.