Selecting, ranking and applying a point score based on rank I am writing an MVP system based on votes from users. The table will look like


vote     | game | year
--------- ------ ------
player 1 | 2    | 2015
player 1 | 2    | 2015
player 2 | 2    | 2015
player 2 | 2    | 2015
player 2 | 2    | 2015
player 3 | 2    | 2015
player 1 | 2    | 2015
player 3 | 2    | 2015
player 4 | 2    | 2015



An entry here equates to a vote. So out of this we would group and get a count of


Player 1 = 3
Player 2 = 3
Player 3 = 2
Player 4 = 1


The MVP system is a "3-2-1" score system. So points are awarded to the players in reverse order. So it should only apply winning scores to the top 3 positions. i.e. 


1st gets 3 points
2nd gets 2 points
3rd gets 1 point


This gets really complicated when there is a tie but top 3 should get MVP points.

In the case above the point spread would be

Player 1 = 2.5 points
Player 2 = 2.5 points
Player 3 = 1 point

This is worked out because the top 2 players are effectively 1st and 2nd, there is no second so the next person gets 1 point for placing 3rd.

Effectively (points = points_available / players_in_rank)

however that equation is wrong. It gets extra complicated if we have a tie for 3rd, where you could possibly end up with lots of people in 3rd spot and therefore they get 1 point divided by them.

It is really complicated when you have ties in 1st or second. I have worked around this poorly in PHP code but would like to be able to do this in SQL and do away with PHP.

Just wondering if anyone has any simple methods for this?

These scores points are then later added to an overall standings table

Regards
Dan
Sample data:

CREATE TABLE v
    (`vote` varchar(8), `game` int, `year` int)
;

INSERT INTO v
    (`vote`, `game`, `year`)
VALUES
    ('player 1', 2, 2015),
    ('player 1', 2, 2015),
    ('player 2', 2, 2015),
    ('player 2', 2, 2015),
    ('player 2', 2, 2015),
    ('player 3', 2, 2015),
    ('player 1', 2, 2015),
    ('player 3', 2, 2015),
    ('player 4', 2, 2015)
;


Query:

SELECT 
vote,
no_votes,
rank,
3 - rank + (1 / CASE rank WHEN 1 THEN @rc1 WHEN 2 THEN @rc2 WHEN 3 THEN @rc3 END) AS points
FROM (

    SELECT 
    sq.*
    , @rank := if(@prevNoVotes = no_votes, @rank, @rank + 1) AS rank
    , @rc1 := if(@rank = 1, @rc1 + 1, @rc1)
    , @rc2 := if(@rank = 2, @rc2 + 1, @rc2)
    , @rc3 := if(@rank = 3, @rc3 + 1, @rc3)
    , @prevNoVotes := no_votes
    FROM
    (

        SELECT 
        vote, 
        COUNT(*) AS no_votes
        FROM v
        GROUP BY vote

    ) sq
    , (SELECT @rank := 0, @prevNoVotes := null, @rc1 := 0, @rc2 := 0, @rc3 := 0) var_init_subquery
    ORDER BY no_votes DESC

) q


Result:

|     VOTE | NO_VOTES | RANK | POINTS |
|----------|----------|------|--------|
| player 1 |        3 |    1 |    2.5 |
| player 2 |        3 |    1 |    2.5 |
| player 3 |        2 |    2 |      2 |
| player 4 |        1 |    3 |      1 |



see it working live in an sqlfiddle


Explanation:

This

        SELECT 
        vote, 
        COUNT(*) AS no_votes
        FROM v
        GROUP BY vote


is simple enough, I hope :)

This

, (SELECT @rank := 0, @prevNoVotes := null, @rc1 := 0, @rc2 := 0, @rc3 := 0) var_init_subquery


is just a subquery to initialize some variables. 

Here

    , @rank := if(@prevNoVotes = no_votes, @rank, @rank + 1) AS rank
    , @rc1 := if(@rank = 1, @rc1 + 1, @rc1)
    , @rc2 := if(@rank = 2, @rc2 + 1, @rc2)
    , @rc3 := if(@rank = 3, @rc3 + 1, @rc3)
    , @prevNoVotes := no_votes


in the first row @prevNoVotes holds the value of the previous row (or the value from the initialization subquery). @rc1, @rc2 and @rc3 are just rank counters. They count for each rank, how many people are on the same rank.
In the last row, the value of the current row is assigned to the variable. When the next row is processed, the variable will hold the value of the previous row in the first line of this part of the code.

And finally in the most outer part of the query we calculate the points distribution.

Feel free to ask any questions :)

UPDATE:

Added this table:

CREATE TABLE points
    (`r` int, `p` int)
;

INSERT INTO points
    (`r`, `p`)
VALUES
    (1, 3),
    (2, 2),
    (3, 1)
;


Added more logic :)

SELECT 
vote,
no_votes,
rank,
@rc := @rc + 1 AS rowcounter,
((SELECT p FROM points WHERE r = IF(rank = @prevRank, rank, @rc)) - 1) + (1 / CASE rank WHEN 1 THEN @rc1 WHEN 2 THEN @rc2 WHEN 3 THEN @rc3 END) AS points,
@prevRank := rank
FROM (
    SELECT 
    sq.*
    , @rank := if(@prevNoVotes = no_votes, @rank, @rank + 1) AS rank
    , @rc1 := if(@rank = 1, @rc1 + 1, @rc1)
    , @rc2 := if(@rank = 2, @rc2 + 1, @rc2)
    , @rc3 := if(@rank = 3, @rc3 + 1, @rc3)
    , @prevNoVotes := no_votes
    FROM
    (

        SELECT 
        vote, 
        COUNT(*) AS no_votes
        FROM v
        GROUP BY vote

    ) sq
    , (SELECT @rank := 0, @prevNoVotes := null, @rc1 := 0, @rc2 := 0, @rc3 := 0) var_init_subquery
    ORDER BY no_votes DESC
)q
, (SELECT @rc := 0, @prevRank := 1) row_counter_init
ORDER BY rank



see it working live in this sqlfiddle