Are newly inserted data automatically stored in InnoDB buffer pool I understand that innoDB will store select statement result in the buffer pool, does InnoDB store newly inserted data (insert into statement) into buffer pool even after data has committed and wrote to disk?
Yes and no. Yes, buffer pool will contain the recently inserted data. No, the buffer pool doesn't contain SELECT statement output, that is what the query cache does, but it is generally harmful, deprecated and removes in MySQL 8.0. The buffer pool contains InnoDB pages (both index and data).