Best Way to Optimize MySQL / MariaDB for 250M Row Table on a 64GB 16 core Machine I have an extremely large dataset (250M Rows in one table, 170G on disk) on a very powerful desktop computer that I'm utilizing to clean-up the data and do analysis on it.
As part of this analysis:

I need to run updates on the entire database to find things like phone numbers in a non-standard format, and convert them to a standardized format.
I need to be able to run an analysis on things like, give me all the records which share the same phone number with another record and similar queries.

All fields I will primarily querying have been setup as indexes, but the only unique index is the primary key.
The powerful desktop machine I have is a Ryzen processor with 4 CPUS with 4 cores per CPU, and it has 64GB of RAM. There is also a dedicated 2TB SSD drive for the database (OS is running on a different drive).
I currently am operating off of a default Xampp Configuration on Windows 10 Pro running MariaDB 10.4.17.
What changes do you recommend to the MariaDB or computer setup in order to get the best performance out of this scenario and hopefully make things go faster. I've had some update queries take over 16 hrs. I know I could likely optimize those queries more; but I also imagine there are a lot of settings in the default Xampp config that could be significantly tweaked.

Update
I'm kind of surprised by the responses. I know I can make queries even better, etc; but there isn't one database setting I can tweak to make things run a little bit smoother or make it more geared towards the size and type of data I have?
Yes, data should be cleansed before inserting.  (Apparently, you are belatedly doing the cleansing.)
This may help:  DROP INDEX on phone_num while cleaning up the numbers.  ADD INDEX after finished.
Do the UPDATEs in chunks.  http://mysql.rjweb.org/doc.php/deletebig#deleting_in_chunks  Chunk based on the PRIMARY KEY; check for errors; chunksize only 1000.
It would take some code, but you might benefit by having 16 (a la 16 cores) connections, each working on chunks of the UPDATE.  (Don't expect more than 8x improvement; might not get even that much.)
Please provide more details if you want to discuss further.