Bug with sp_execute_external_script I think I encountered a bug with sp_execute_external_script, so here is the replay.

I will get an error if I run the following script:

-- error occurs
exec sp_execute_external_script @language=N'R'
, @script = N' result &lt;- as.data.frame(c(i, j));'
, @params = N'@i varchar(100), @j varchar(100)'
, @i = 'hello'
, @j = 'world'
, @output_data_1_name = N'result' -- the position of this param caused problem
with result sets ((test varchar(100)));


I will get an error


  Msg 8144, Level 16, State 2, Line 1
  Procedure or function  has too many arguments specified.


However, if I just move up the @output_data_1_name like the following:

-- NO error occurs
exec sp_execute_external_script @language=N'R'
, @script = N' result &lt;- as.data.frame(c(i, j));'
, @output_data_1_name = N'result' -- this position in front of @parms caused NO problem
, @params = N'@i varchar(100), @j varchar(100)'
, @i = 'hello'
, @j = 'world'
with result sets ((test varchar(100)));


I will get a normal output:



Does anyone know whether I am doing something wrong or it indeed could be a bug in SQL Server 2016?

My environment is (by select @@version):

Microsoft SQL Server 2016 (SP1-CU1) (KB3208177) - 13.0.4411.0 (X64) 
    Jan  6 2017 14:24:37 
    Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation
    Developer Edition (64-bit) on Windows 10 Pro 6.3 &lt;X64&gt; (Build 14393: )


Update:
I tested a little bit more and indeed the position of parameters will cause errors, such as following:

exec sp_execute_external_script 
 @script = N' result &lt;- as.data.frame(c(i, j));'
, @output_data_1_name = N'result' -- the position of this param caused NO problem
, @params = N'@i varchar(100), @j varchar(100)'
, @i = N'hello'
, @j = N'world'
, @language=N'R' -- if I put @language here, it will cause error
with result sets ((test varchar(100)));


or this:

exec sp_execute_external_script  @language=N'R'
, @script = N' result &lt;- as.data.frame(c(i, j));'
, @output_data_1_name = N'result' -- the position of this param caused NO problem
, @i = N'hello'
, @j = N'world'
, @params = N'@i varchar(100), @j varchar(100)'
with result sets ((test varchar(100)));


The error message will be:


  Msg 214, Level 16, State 175, Procedure sp_execute_external_script, Line 1 [Batch Start Line 19]
  Procedure expects parameter '@params' of type 'ntext/nchar/nvarchar'.


But I actually give each parameter of type nvarchar already.

I will consider open a bug report to MS if I do not see anyone pointing out my "errors".
The parameter list in @params can have names matching the names of the parameters used by the sp_execute_external_script procedure itself, like @script or @language, for instance. There would need to be a way, then, to determine whether a parameter pertains to the system SP or to the user script.

Making it a rule that @params be always specified last in the list of the parameters pertaining to sp_execute_external_script and all the parameters specified after @params be considered pertaining to the user script is one easy way to implement the distinction. So, if a parameter like @language is specified after @params, it will be interpreted as a script parameter and not the SP's parameter.

And I believe that is what is happening in the cases where you are specifying @output_data_1_name or @language after @params. Those parameters simply must go before @params to avoid potential ambiguity.

Granted, there is not a word about this in the manual, which, however, is a problem with the manual more than a problem with sp_execute_external_script.