I read that, reference is returned from a overloaded assignment operator to enable operator chaining. But without that return also, operator chaining seems to work.

Can someone shed some light on this?

```
class A
{
    public:
        int x,y;
        char* str;

        //Default Constructor
        A(){}

        //Constructor
        A(int a, int b, char* s){
            cout<<"initialising\n";
            x = a;
            y = b;
            str = new char[10];
            str = s;
        }

        //Destructor
        ~A(){}

        //Overloaded assignment operator
        const A& operator=(const A& obj)
        {
            cout<<"Invoking Assignment Operator\n";
            x = obj.x;
            y = obj.y;
            str = new char[10];
            str = obj.str;

            //return *this;
        }
};

ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const A& obj)
{
    os <<"X="<< obj.x<<" Y="<<obj.y<<" Str="<<obj.str<<"\n";
    return os;
}

int main()
{
    A c(3,4,"Object C");
    cout<<c;

    A d, e, f;
    d = e = f = c;  //Assignment operator invoked 3 times
    cout<<e;
}

```

**Output:**

```
initialising
X=3 Y=4 Str=Object C
Invoking Assignment Operator
Invoking Assignment Operator
Invoking Assignment Operator
X=3 Y=4 Str=Object C

```