**Is there a technology which allows to record relatively quiet sounds even in a (very) loud environment?** To perhaps better explain what I'm after, picture a small ballerina music box at a loud festival / next to a passing freighter train / close to a rocket launch - I want to record its music and ignore the loud environmental sound.

Actual purpose of this would be to record the (relatively) quiet echos (off walls, ground) of a short "beep" in different environments, some of them potentially very loud (much louder than the "beep" itself) - for echolocation purposes.

Note that this is not about post processing the audio after recording - I know how to approach this; I more concerned about the recording itself.