Here is an example of a sentence from the Glossika course in Taiwanese Hokkien:

[![enter image description here](https://i.stack.imgur.com/5vidq.png)](https://i.stack.imgur.com/5vidq.png)

The "Phonics" line is the IPA line. (The "Typing" line is the Tâi-lô romanization; I don't know where the "Pronunciation" line comes from, it is not any standard romanization of Taiwanese Hokkien.)

The IPA line has "pluses" (+) and some kind of primes underneath some letters. What do those mean? I don't see them in [this article](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Taiwanese_Hokkien) on Taiwanese Hokkien IPA. And vice versa, some of the symbols from the article never appear on Glossika (e.g. t͡ɕʰ (with this "hat") or the stop k̚ -- maybe Glossika uses a different notation? In the above example bak8 should have a stop k.). 

Also, some letters have other kinds of primes and overlines. What do they mean? (I don't think they refer to tones. For example, "gua" comes with an overline in the IPA line, but at the same time it has the second tone (see the "Typing" line), and the second tone is denoted by a prime `, and not by overline.)

Probably this is some standard thing, but I don't have much experience with IPA. As far as I understand, the superscript = means lack of aspiration and the superscript n means nasalization, but the other ones I wasn't able to figure out.