Oracle here. I have the following tables:

```
[orders]
===
order_id : integer constraint pk_orders primary key using index
order_name : varchar2(40 char)
order_ordered_by : integer constraint fk_shoppers references accounts
order_total : number(10,2) not null
order_status : char not null

[line_items]
===
line_item_id : integer constraint pk_line_items primary key using index
order_id : integer not null constraint fk_line_items_orders references orders on delete cascade
product_id : integer not null constraint fk_line_items_products references products
line_item_quantity : integer not null

[products]
===
product_id : integer constraint pk_products primary key using index
product_name : varchar2(40 char)
product_category : varchar2(10 char)
product_available_on : date

```

I am trying to write a query that updates orders and sets their statuses to "ORDERED" where:

* the `orders.order_status` is currently "PENDING"; and
* the `products.product_category` is currently "COFFEE"; and
* the `products.product_available_on` is currently less than or equal to the present time (now)

My best attempt thus far *does* work and get the job done:

```
UPDATE orders
SET status = 'ORDERED'
WHERE order_id IN (
    SELECT DISTINCT orders.order_id
    FROM orders
    INNER JOIN line_items ON line_items.orderId = orders.order_id
    INNER JOIN products ON line_items.product_id = products.product_id
    WHERE
        orders.status = 'PENDING' AND
        products.product_category = 'COFFEE' AND
        products.product_available_on <= CURRENT_DATE
);

```

Again, this *does* work, however its pretty slow so I'm trying to see if there is a way I can rewrite this to be more efficient where I'm not using the `IN` condition (I've read in several places that `IN` can cause performance issues in Oracle). Is there any way to accomplish rewriting this query without the `IN` so I can compare performance?

**Please note:** changing the tables (tweaking their fields, adding constraints/indexes/anything) is out of the realm of possibility in my particular use case!