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NYSEDREGENTS_2008_4_15 | Estuaries are dynamic ecosystems where salt water and fresh water mix. Usually this happens as fresh water flows from a river to an ocean. When would you expect the concentration of salt in the estuary water to be LOWEST near the mouth of the river? | {
"text": [
"gas",
"liquid",
"solid"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C"
]
} | C |
Mercury_7107240 | As early as the 1600s, scientists noticed that the continents appeared to fit together like pieces of a puzzle. The idea that the continents were once together and had drifted apart was not widely accepted. In the 1940s, technology used on submarines led to evidence of continental movement. This technology allowed the scientists to do which of these? | {
"text": [
"organisms may become extinct.",
"biodiversity will continue to increase.",
"more plants used for medicines can be discovered.",
"there will be an increase in the gene pool for future organisms."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | A |
Mercury_7218628 | A plateau is most likely formed by | {
"text": [
"There is little water in the atmosphere of Earth.",
"Most water on Earth is found as vapor.",
"Water exists in all three states on Earth.",
"Water on Earth tends to form a solid over time."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | C |
MSA_2013_5_23 | When you are getting up to go to school in Louisiana, a student on the other side of Earth is getting ready for bed. What is the reason for this? | {
"text": [
"using natural gas to heat homes",
"building dams to produce electricity",
"cutting down trees to build new homes",
"recycling paper to reduce the cutting of trees"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
Mercury_7081725 | Water, ice, and steam all have different temperatures. What is the order from coldest to hottest? | {
"text": [
"continued investigation",
"rejection of older hypotheses",
"progress in the scientific method",
"discussion of existing conclusions"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | A |
Mercury_SC_413542 | In which way is the Sun different from Earth? | {
"text": [
"using sprinklers for fewer hours each week",
"washing vehicles in the middle of the day",
"spraying water to clean oil from parking lots",
"letting faucets run while brushing teeth"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | A |
Mercury_SC_407302 | A pharmaceutical company published experimental data showing that a new medication improved cholesterol levels in the people who participated in the study. Which professional most likely did not contribute to developing this medication? | {
"text": [
"faulting in the limestone",
"flooding of streams around the area",
"the land above the limestone to sink",
"a change in the type of rock that forms in that area"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | C |
Mercury_175053 | Which is the best example of an object that refracts light? | {
"text": [
"an observation.",
"a hypothesis.",
"a conclusion.",
"an inference."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
Mercury_7161315 | All organisms process nutrients. Which sentence best describes how plants and animals process nutrients similarly? | {
"text": [
"The oceans absorb the energy.",
"Clouds reflect the energy into space.",
"Plants store the energy as chemicals.",
"The atmosphere is heated by the energy."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_189070 | A mouse is placed at one end of a cardboard maze that has a piece of cheese at the other end. The mouse smells the cheese and learns how to find it. The mouse is using an | {
"text": [
"when Earth is between the Moon and the Sun",
"when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun",
"when the Sun is between Earth and the Moon",
"when Earth is at a 90° angle to the Moon and the Sun"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | A |
Mercury_7189123 | When a dog sees a cat, a message travels from the dog's eyes to the dog's | {
"text": [
"when tadpoles need to swim immediately",
"when there is a limited amount of water in their environment",
"when there is a decrease in the number of predators",
"when tadpoles need to blend in with their surroundings"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_SC_402171 | In 1879, Marie Cornu discovered that light from the Sun had a drop in ultraviolet (UV) light. Two years later, Walter Hartley found that ozone absorbs certain wavelengths of UV light. What motivated Charles Fabry and Henri Buisson to conduct research that led to the discovery of the ozone layer in the atmosphere of Earth? | {
"text": [
"date and time.",
"date and plant height.",
"plant height and soil type",
"date, plant height, and soil type."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
Mercury_7217368 | Which of these do scientists most likely do when studying the interaction of animals in their natural habitat? | {
"text": [
"meter",
"kilometer",
"millimeter",
"centimeter"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_LBS10933 | Which item can be used again in another science investigation? | {
"text": [
"1.5 times",
"2 times",
"2.5 times",
"3 times"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | A |
Mercury_7223160 | A student wants to know how long it takes mold to form on bread. After preparing the bread for the investigation, what should the student most likely do next? | {
"text": [
"the mass of the sample",
"the density of the sample",
"whether the sample has a fixed shape",
"whether the sample conducts electricity"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | C |
Mercury_SC_401324 | A sample of an unknown substance has a volume that is independent of its container. Which additional information is needed to determine the state of the sample? | {
"text": [
"The grass would become greener.",
"More birds would move into the fields.",
"The hawks would eat more of the grass.",
"There would be fewer sparrows seen in the fields."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
LEAP_2001_8_10379 | How much time is required for a bicycle to travel a distance of 100 m at an average speed of 2 m/s? | {
"text": [
"Water molecules hitting the food coloring molecules caused the mixing.",
"Light shining on the surface of the water caused the mixing.",
"A chemical reaction between the water and the food coloring formed a new, light blue compound.",
"The water interacted with the food coloring, causing the blue color to fade."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | A |
VASoL_2009_5_30 | Which of the following characteristics is a lion least likely to pass on to its offspring? | {
"text": [
"A student's notebook",
"A mirror on the bus",
"A brick wall of the school",
"A student's sunglass lenses"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
Mercury_416404 | Oceanic crust is composed mainly of basalt. Continental crust is composed mainly of granite. Why does oceanic crust generally tend to subduct under continental crust when plates collide? | {
"text": [
"They can produce their own oxygen.",
"They make their own food from sunlight.",
"They can receive nutrients through the cell wall.",
"They use mitochondria to release energy from sugars."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
Mercury_7103530 | Which action will cause sugar to form a new substance? | {
"text": [
"speeds up the experiment.",
"improves the reliability of the results.",
"makes the graphs easier to read.",
"ensures the students learn something."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_7030870 | David makes a solution by dissolving 10 grams of salt in 100 ml of water. He wants a solution that is half as concentrated. What should he add to the original solution to obtain a solution that is about half as concentrated? | {
"text": [
"air",
"iron",
"glass",
"aluminum"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | A |
LEAP__7_10348 | Students want to test how the temperature changes each day throughout the year. Which of the following does not have to be kept the same during the test? | {
"text": [
"the mean number of eggs laid in a year",
"the median number of eggs laid in a year",
"the mode of the number of eggs laid in a year",
"the range of the number of eggs laid in a year"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | C |
Mercury_SC_406835 | Collars that emit radio waves are sometimes placed on animals to find their location. Which is the best reason for using radio waves as a method of tracking the animals? | {
"text": [
"Include the names of the students that worked on the investigation.",
"Correctly label all the data in their charts and tables.",
"Take a picture of the students doing the study.",
"Give the report to the teacher."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_178255 | Which geologic process most likely caused the formation of the Mount St. Helens Volcano? | {
"text": [
"Pour the acid into a trash can.",
"Neutralize the acid before pouring it down a sink.",
"Return the acid to the teacher's stock bottle.",
"Allow the water to evaporate from the acid solution."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
MDSA_2012_8_16 | A 20 N object is placed on a surface and starts to slide. What is the most likely reason the object begins to move? | {
"text": [
"Underground coal mining increases pollution.",
"Underground coal mining reduces habitat loss.",
"Underground coal mining increases forest growth.",
"Underground coal mining reduces animal populations."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_409645 | Which statement accurately describes an interaction between plants and animals? | {
"text": [
"use the second boiling point",
"average the two numbers",
"use the first boiling point",
"repeat the investigation"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
TIMSS_2003_8_pg47 | If an organism developed in an environment with a gravitational field greater than Earth, which adaptation would most benefit the organism? | {
"text": [
"Element 1 is polished to form a smooth surface.",
"Element 2 is heated and evaporates.",
"Element 3 develops a white, powdery surface after standing in air.",
"Element 4 is separated from a mixture by filtration."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | C |
NYSEDREGENTS_2010_8_16 | The gallbladder stores bile, a fluid that aids in digestion of fat. Which of the following types of food should be avoided by a person whose gallbladder has been removed? | {
"text": [
"before fertilization",
"before birth",
"during childhood",
"during adulthood"
],
"label": [
"1",
"2",
"3",
"4"
]
} | 2 |
Mercury_7159810 | What most likely happens when winter and summer temperatures are below normal and precipitation rates are above normal? | {
"text": [
"Discontinue the use of the drug.",
"Inform people of the possible side effects.",
"Reduce the amount of drug given to people.",
"Modify the drug to include medicine that prevents nausea."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_7267523 | Some birds eat seeds. If a bird drops a seed in soil, which best explains how a plant could be helped? | {
"text": [
"a flood",
"a tornado",
"a hurricane",
"an earthquake"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_SC_401006 | Which action would increase the amount of oxygen in a fish tank? | {
"text": [
"mass.",
"length.",
"volume.",
"temperature."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | A |
ACTAAP_2010_7_12 | The Steller sea lion population has been decreasing in parts of Alaska. New evidence suggests that Steller sea lions need herring as a part of their diet in order to survive. Pollock, another type of fish, also feed on herring. Which would most likely help the Steller sea lion population to increase? | {
"text": [
"The original substances had different densities.",
"The contents of the beaker reacted to form a new substance.",
"The original substances had a greater mass than the contents of the beaker.",
"The contents of the beaker can be easily separated into the original substances."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
MEAP_2005_8_13 | You are getting up to go to school in Louisiana; a student on the other side of Earth is getting ready for bed. What is the reason for this? | {
"text": [
"fossils occur only in sedimentary rocks.",
"many organisms survive for millions of years.",
"fossils do not undergo chemical or physical weathering.",
"different organisms usually inhabit specific environments."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
Mercury_7164623 | When can lunar and solar eclipses take place? | {
"text": [
"heat energy",
"kinetic energy",
"chemical energy",
"mechanical energy"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | C |
Mercury_417127 | Some people have straight hair and some have curly hair. What decides whether a person will be born with curly hair or straight hair? | {
"text": [
"She has a desirable trait.",
"She has had other offspring.",
"She has recovered from an illness.",
"She has donated other tissues successfully."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | A |
Mercury_411224 | Removing the coal from Earth's crust can change the structure of the crust, release methane gas, and contaminate groundwater with heavy metals. Which of Earth's subsystems is most likely to be affected by all these consequences? | {
"text": [
"1.0 g",
"1.5 g",
"148.5 g",
"298.5 g"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
TIMSS_2011_8_pg15 | Zinc is a mineral that helps | {
"text": [
"The temperature is lower in the valley than on the mountain top.",
"The temperature is higher in the valley than on the mountain top.",
"Air pressure in the valley is lower than on the mountain top.",
"Air pressure in the valley is higher than on the mountain top."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
NYSEDREGENTS_2012_8_19 | A particular peach tree produces peaches that are more resistant to disease than other peaches. What method would reproduce these exact peaches? | {
"text": [
"plentiful resources",
"stable climate",
"more predators",
"less competition"
],
"label": [
"1",
"2",
"3",
"4"
]
} | 3 |
Mercury_7222460 | A student is trying to dissolve 20 grams of sugar in a beaker containing 250 milliliters of water at room temperature. What can the student do to make the sugar dissolve faster in the water? | {
"text": [
"inquiring into the causes of observed phenomena",
"finding options for replacing missing wavelengths of light",
"health concerns about the effects of ultraviolet radiation",
"predicting future changes in ultraviolet light output"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | A |
Mercury_7007420 | When ice begins to melt at 0°C, water molecules | {
"text": [
"flat sheet will fall on its edge",
"both will fall at the same rate",
"crumpled sheet will fall faster",
"crumpled sheet will move horizontally"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | C |
Mercury_SC_405710 | When the temperature of a sample of 25 water is -5°C, the water is | {
"text": [
"sugar dissolving in tea",
"sunshine warming a sidewalk",
"scissors cutting paper into pieces",
"acid in the stomach digesting food"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
Mercury_SC_401375 | The nucleus of the cell controls cell activity. Which body system performs a similar function in humans? | {
"text": [
"fertilization",
"germination",
"maturation",
"sexual reproduction"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | C |
VASoL_2010_3_22 | A student is using a straw to blow bubbles into a calcium hydroxide solution. The carbon dioxide in the student's breath is reacting with the water to form an acid, which begins to neutralize the basic solution. Which of the following best describes the initial change in pH of the solution? | {
"text": [
"Buds form, flowers open, fruits grow",
"Flowers die, fruits grow, buds form",
"Seeds drop, flowers open, buds form",
"Seeds drop, flowers die, fruits grow"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | A |
Mercury_SC_408358 | Irene needs to join two boards together. Which would NOT be used to join the boards together? | {
"text": [
"A solution is a mixture whose components are similar throughout.",
"A solution is the liquid product of a chemical reaction.",
"A solution is formed by the combination of two or more liquids.",
"A solution consists of two components with different volumes."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | A |
NYSEDREGENTS_2013_8_42 | It was once thought that living organisms could come from non-living matter. For example, people believed that flies would develop from rotting meat. This idea was later disproved primarily because of | {
"text": [
"move slower",
"move faster",
"move at the same speed",
"stop moving"
],
"label": [
"1",
"2",
"3",
"4"
]
} | 2 |
Mercury_SC_400661 | A school replaced all of their light bulbs with a new type of light bulb. The new light bulbs use less energy. How will the new light bulbs most likely help the environment? | {
"text": [
"to decompose.",
"to pollinate flowers.",
"to recycle nutrients in the soil.",
"to collect acorns and bury them in the soil."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
Mercury_SC_415422 | Tiny organisms called plankton live in oceans. Some plankton can take energy from the Sun and turn it into food. How are plankton most useful to the animals that live in the ocean? | {
"text": [
"Ocean water is salty.",
"There are mountain ranges on the ocean floor.",
"About 97 percent of Earth's water is ocean water.",
"Fewer clouds block sunlight over the ocean."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | C |
Mercury_SC_400162 | Sickle cell anemia is a condition that affects the shape of a red blood cell. An unaffected individual can be represented with the genotype AA. An affected individual can be represented with the genotype SS. Individuals that are carriers have the genotype AS. Which is the best description of sickle cell anemia? | {
"text": [
"comes in colors.",
"has a smoother appearance.",
"creates less pollution.",
"reduces the number of trees cut down."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
Mercury_7212328 | Which statement best describes how the Internet has helped improve life for many people? | {
"text": [
"number of kilowatts produced per home",
"the effect of warmed water on aquatic life",
"the impact of other energy-producing resources",
"energy use per person"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
NCEOGA_2013_8_26 | Which has the greatest effect on wind speed? | {
"text": [
"because it forms where fresh and salt water meet",
"because it receives water directly from precipitation",
"because it rises to the surface near the ocean",
"because pollutants are filtered by rock and soil deep within Earth"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
Mercury_SC_407696 | If an atom has two protons and three electrons, then the atom is | {
"text": [
"Drop each object in different liquids.",
"Record in a table how each object behaves.",
"Measure the length and mass of each object.",
"Test the objects in groups from smallest to largest."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_SC_400052 | Some animals have adapted colors and patterns that allow them to blend into their environment. Animals most likely adapted this characteristic to | {
"text": [
"moist skin",
"tube-like body",
"skin that breathes",
"very small mouth"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_7212870 | Which is caused by the tilt of Earth on its axis? | {
"text": [
"line graph",
"pie chart",
"bar graph",
"data table"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
NYSEDREGENTS_2010_8_35 | The roots of a plant can grow through cracks in a driveway, eventually causing the driveway to break. Which kind of process would be taking place? | {
"text": [
"decrease the temperature of the water",
"use larger pieces of sugar",
"stir rapidly",
"use less water"
],
"label": [
"1",
"2",
"3",
"4"
]
} | 3 |
MCAS_2010_8_12005 | If an atom of hydrogen gives up one electron, what is its overall charge? | {
"text": [
"A car's gas mileage is increased and the engine has less power.",
"An airplane uses a more efficient engine and has higher performance.",
"A sports drink's taste is improved and has the same nutritional content.",
"A computer company upgrades the hardware and the price remains unchanged."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | A |
Mercury_7218505 | A ball is thrown downward onto a concrete floor and bounces upward. What supplies the upward force that makes the ball bounce? | {
"text": [
"by writing a post to an astronomy-based science blog",
"by sending an article to a peer-reviewed astronomy journal",
"by creating a personal webpage that is focused on astronomy",
"by discussing the data with a reporter who understands astronomy"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_SC_400853 | When cold temperatures are produced in a chemical reaction, the reaction is known as | {
"text": [
"erosion of cliffs.",
"water flowing into a lake.",
"dams being built by beavers.",
"sediment being moved downstream by water."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
Mercury_7210455 | The planets in the solar system revolve around the Sun because the Sun is | {
"text": [
"It is an indication of a future weather condition.",
"It is an indication of the amount of humidity.",
"It is an indication of weather at a specific time.",
"It is an indication of the existing climate."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | C |
Mercury_7174738 | Leopard's opening chant suggests that he is | {
"text": [
"Gulf sturgeons will change over time into a new species.",
"Gulf sturgeons will move from coastal rivers into the ocean.",
"The gulf sturgeon population will decline due to loss of habitat.",
"The gulf sturgeon population will adapt to breeding in saltwater."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | C |
MCAS_2001_5_2 | Which best describes the transformation of energy in a flashlight? | {
"text": [
"the time of year it was born",
"the type of food the bird eats",
"the bird's migratory patterns",
"what the bird inherited from its parents"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
NYSEDREGENTS_2012_4_9 | Which is not used in photosynthesis? | {
"text": [
"common forces",
"natural cycles",
"states of matter",
"forms of energy"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | A |
Mercury_416593 | Energy companies often produce electricity from a variety of sources. Using which resource would improve air quality the most? | {
"text": [
"aeration",
"coagulation",
"disinfection",
"reverse osmosis"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_7205870 | Which feature of Great Basin National Park provides the best evidence that glaciers have moved over the landscape? | {
"text": [
"Scientists preferred newer models.",
"New evidence caused revisions.",
"The newer models were easier to draw.",
"The information was finally put in books."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_SC_401798 | A class was learning about the pattern of day and night on Earth. What part of Earth experiences night at the same time? | {
"text": [
"a decrease in livable habitat",
"a decrease in the normal temperature",
"an increase in the amount of prey available",
"an increase in the amount of competitors for food"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | C |
Mercury_7084228 | During which stage of its life cycle does a butterfly spend the most time eating plant leaves? | {
"text": [
"gene mutation.",
"an allergic reaction.",
"tissue overgrowth.",
"foreign cell invasion."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
Mercury_417460 | Which is NOT an example of a chemical change? | {
"text": [
"It is 18 cm tall.",
"It produces spores.",
"It grows in poor soil.",
"It has a flat gametophyte."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | A |
Mercury_402539 | Which demonstrates a chemical change? | {
"text": [
"The molecules inside the balloon lost energy to the outside.",
"The molecules inside the balloon gained energy from the heat.",
"The energy of the molecules inside the balloon remained the same.",
"The molecules inside the balloon were escaping outside."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_406800 | 22 Sandy is conducting an investigation to find out which food his dog likes best. Which is the manipulated variable in his investigation? | {
"text": [
"different from the traits of the single parent",
"the same traits as the single parent",
"different from the traits of two parents",
"similar traits as two parents"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_SC_408321 | What does photosynthesis produce? | {
"text": [
"They are safer for the environment.",
"They are cheaper to develop.",
"They are easier to transport.",
"They produce more energy."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | A |
Mercury_SC_406836 | The Earth's Moon is | {
"text": [
"know how deep the river got when it rained.",
"know how far the river bed is from a town.",
"have accurate notes describing the location.",
"have the weather records for the past few months."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | C |
Mercury_SC_410963 | A student conducted an experiment to see how much sugar could dissolve in water. The student wrote down how many teaspoons of sugar were added to the water. What is the most likely reason the student recorded the information? | {
"text": [
"The grasshopper is pretty.",
"The grasshopper is dangerous.",
"The grasshopper is better than a spider.",
"The grasshopper is smaller than the leaf."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
Mercury_7132405 | Which of the following combinations is a mixture rather than a compound? | {
"text": [
"The skin transports oxygen.",
"The skin digests viruses.",
"The skin sends messages to the brain.",
"The skin stabilizes temperature."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
Mercury_SC_408872 | Several species of fish live in a classroom aquarium. Students notice that the gills of one type of fish move faster than the gills of the other fish. Which of these statements is the best hypothesis on this observation? | {
"text": [
"fueling a car with gas",
"heating a house with oil",
"flying a kite in the wind",
"grilling food over charcoal"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | C |
VASoL_2008_3_25 | Which statement correctly describes a physical characteristic of the Moon? | {
"text": [
"Taste and smell",
"Touch and sight",
"Sight and hearing",
"Smell and hearing"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
WASL_2005_8_12 | Students conducted a scientific investigation about soil types found in the school yard. What should the students most likely do to be sure their investigation will be understood by the class next year? | {
"text": [
"Count the number of whiteflies on the peppers before and after planting marigolds.",
"Count the number of whiteflies on the marigolds near the peppers.",
"Kill the whiteflies on other plants in the garden except on the peppers.",
"Put whiteflies on other garden plants and see what happens."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | A |
AKDE&ED_2012_8_20 | Which example best shows structures that make up the digestive system in the human body? | {
"text": [
"fur and claws",
"dry skin and scales",
"wings, feathers, and claws",
"scales, moist skin, and fins"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_7056823 | Which of the following is the primary difference between hydraulic and pneumatic systems? | {
"text": [
"produce food.",
"pass genetic information.",
"move through the body.",
"use energy."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_7205800 | When studying the health of an ecosystem, ecologists consider many factors. Which factor is least likely considered by ecologists when evaluating the impact of human activities on an ecosystem? | {
"text": [
"acceptable if the sediments are also identified by particle size",
"acceptable if the factors used for the classification are given",
"unacceptable because others would not understand the classification system",
"unacceptable because this is not the way scientists usually classify sediments"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_SC_402282 | Why does sexual reproduction result in more genetic diversity than asexual reproduction? | {
"text": [
"wind energy",
"solar energy",
"fossil fuel energy",
"geothermal energy"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | A |
MCAS_1998_8_26 | When frozen carbon dioxide (CO_{2}) is heated, it changes directly into a gas. Which statement best indicates that a physical change has taken place? | {
"text": [
"includes many steps.",
"is recorded by a team of scientists.",
"includes repeated trials.",
"is performed in a laboratory."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | C |
Mercury_7230318 | Which term best describes the nature of all light waves? | {
"text": [
"photosynthesis",
"nitrogen fixation",
"sulfur reduction",
"aerobic respiration"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
Mercury_SC_416167 | Copper and gold have similar reactive properties. On the Periodic Table of the Elements, these elements are most likely to | {
"text": [
"stomach",
"brain",
"skin",
"liver"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | C |
Mercury_7027720 | Two identical sheets of paper are used in an experiment; one is crumpled into a ball and the other is flat. What will most likely happen when they are dropped at the same time from the same height? | {
"text": [
"cut several holes in it.",
"attach small weights to it.",
"cut it into a smaller shape.",
"replace it with a thin sheet of copper."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
LEAP__5_10312 | What role do plants have in the carbon cycle? | {
"text": [
"It is a good conductor.",
"It is a poor conductor.",
"It is highly magnetic.",
"It is nonmagnetic."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_405161 | Earth has a definite orbit within the solar system. This orbit is mainly a result of the | {
"text": [
"is a hard mineral.",
"was once a liquid.",
"is an igneous rock.",
"contains air pockets."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
Mercury_SC_409245 | A plant that needs well-drained soil would grow best in soil made mostly of | {
"text": [
"Add fertilizer to the soil.",
"Water the garden more often.",
"Plant different vegetables in the garden.",
"Observe the plants to identify the source of the damage."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
ACTAAP_2011_5_8 | When can a student safely start an experiment in a science lab? | {
"text": [
"sleeping",
"breathing",
"jumping rope",
"digesting food"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | C |
Mercury_7223370 | What most likely happens when winter and summer temperatures are below normal and precipitation rates are above normal? | {
"text": [
"reactant",
"product",
"solute",
"solvent"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
Mercury_SC_400697 | In a completely cooperative relationship, each organism benefits equally. Which sequence lists these relationships in order of increasing cooperativeness? | {
"text": [
"heating the water before it is frozen",
"adding salt to the water before it is frozen",
"changing the amount of water to be frozen",
"changing the container for the water to be frozen in"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_SC_401262 | All of the following can be found on a food nutrition label except | {
"text": [
"number lines",
"random numbers",
"dependent variables",
"independent variables"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
Mercury_7136063 | Which two environmental changes usually cause certain animals to migrate? | {
"text": [
"compaction and cementation",
"heating and pressure",
"melting and cooling",
"uplift and erosion"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_405876 | Which part of a pond ecosystem gives small fish shelter? | {
"text": [
"a straw in the water.",
"clear plastic wrap around the glass.",
"a thermometer in the water.",
"black material around the glass."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | D |
Mercury_7057890 | The best container for storing an unknown liquid is a | {
"text": [
"Water can change phase.",
"Water can be absorbed by plants.",
"Water is important in chemical reactions.",
"Water is the universal solvent."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | A |
LEAP_2002_4_10247 | Students go on a class field trip to collect insects. Which of these is an important safety rule for the students to follow? | {
"text": [
"Earth revolves around the Sun.",
"Earth rotates on its axis.",
"The Sun rotates on its axis.",
"The Moon revolves around Earth."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_SC_405481 | An object accelerates at 3 meters per second^2 when a 10-newton (N) force is applied to it. Which force would cause this object to accelerate at 6 meters per second^2? | {
"text": [
"Both are soft.",
"Both have thorns.",
"Both support the plant.",
"Both have woody bark."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | C |
Mercury_SC_400401 | A type of small mammal from the mountain regions of the western United States makes its home out of piles of rock. During summer months, the mammal places grasses and seeds in protected places in the rock piles. Which of the following is the most likely reason for this behavior? | {
"text": [
"large, arid desert",
"deep, bowl-shaped lake",
"long crack in the ground",
"volcanic mountain range"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_7064260 | Students conducted a scientific investigation about soil types found in the school yard. What should the students most likely do to be sure their investigation will be understood by the class next year? | {
"text": [
"two dimensional representation of a one dimensional surface.",
"two dimensional representation of a three dimensional surface.",
"one dimensional representation of a two dimensional surface.",
"three dimensional representation of a two dimensional surface."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_7015995 | Some plants produce fruit such as apples. What is one function of a fruit? | {
"text": [
"neutrons",
"electrons",
"protons",
"nucleus"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_400887 | The roots of a plant can grow through cracks in a driveway, eventually causing the driveway to break. Which kind of process would be taking place? | {
"text": [
"6.45 J/(g °C)",
"6.45 J",
"16.1 J/(g °C)",
"16.1 J"
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | B |
Mercury_7247678 | In a forested region, mountain lions and wolves prey upon the deer population to near disappearance. To protect the deer population, most of the mountain lions and wolves in this region were eliminated through hunting. As a result, over-hunting occurred and the deer population increased rapidly. After several years, what most likely will happen to the deer population in the absence of its predators? | {
"text": [
"Biodiversity would decrease, and sustainability would decrease.",
"Biodiversity would decrease, and sustainability would increase.",
"Biodiversity would increase, and sustainability would increase.",
"Biodiversity would increase, and sustainability would decrease."
],
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
]
} | A |
Subsets and Splits