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[ "The process of Selecting a new cipher design standard usually takes many years and includes exhaustive testing of large quantities of ciphertext for any statistical different approach from random noise .", "The vetting process for a new cipher design standard usually takes many years and includes exhaustive testing of large quantities of ciphertext for any statistical departure from random noise ." ]
[ "Event that were not part of the Formula One World Championship have a pink background .", "A pink background indicates an event which was not part of the Formula One World Championship ." ]
[ "The first race was won by Spanish driver Fernando Alonso of the Renault F1 team on 28 September 2008 .", "Upon resurrection of the event in 2008 , the first race at the Marina Bay location , which was also Formula One 's first night race , was won by Spanish driver Fernando Alonso driving for the Renault F1 team ." ]
[ "The Singapore Grand Prix is a Formula One race staged in the Marina Bay area of Singapore , the race is Formula One 's first night race .", "The Singapore Grand Prix is a motor race , currently in the calendar of the FIA Formula One World Championship . It is currently held in the Marina Bay area of Singapore ." ]
[ "He has played for Å 1\\/2 eljezniÄ ar Sarajevo .", "He is currently managing FK Å 1\\/2 eljezniÄ ar ." ]
[ "Amar Osim ( born 18 July 1967 ) is a former Bosnia and Herzegovina football player .", "Amar Osim ( born July 18 , 1967 ) is a former Bosnian football player and now a manager ." ]
[ "The same features which makes a debugger useful for solving software bugs allows it to be used as a software cracking tool to crack copy protection and other software protection features .", "The same functionality which makes a debugger useful for eliminating bugs allows it to be used as a software cracking tool to evade copy protection , digital rights management , and other software protection features ." ]
[ "In 2008 , he won a gold medal with the United States national team at the Olympics in Beijing .", "On June 23 , 2008 , he was named to the USA Men 's Senior National Team for the 2008 Summer Olympics . This was his first time going to the Olympics ." ]
[ "Kobe Bryant ( born ) is an American professional basketball player who currently plays for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association . Bryant plays as a shooting guard .", "Kobe Bean Bryant ( born ) is an American professional basketball player who plays shooting guard for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) ." ]
[ "It is also called a swarm spore . These spores are created by some algae and fungi to multiply themselves .", "Also called a swarm spore , these spores are created by some algae , bacteria and fungi to propagate themselves ." ]
[ "There are two types of flagellated zoospores , whiplash and tinsel or `` decorated '' .", "There are two types of flagellated zoospores , tinsel or `` decorated '' , and whiplash ." ]
[ "A zoospore is an asexual spore that uses a flagellum for moving around .", "A zoospore is a motile asexual spore that uses a flagellum for locomotion ." ]
[ "Sergiu Celibidache ( pronounce : SER-zhoo Chay-lee-bee-DAH-ke ) , ( born Roman , Romania , 28 June 1912 ; died 14 August 1996 ) was a Romanian conductor .", "Sergiu Celibidache ( ; June 28 , 1912 â `` August 14 , 1996 ) was a Romanian conductor ." ]
[ "He taught at Mainz University in Germany and in 1984 taught at the Curtis Institute in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania .", "He regularly taught at Mainz University in Germany and in 1984 taught at the Curtis Institute in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania ." ]
[ "Celibidache died near Paris in 1996 at 84 .", "Sergiu Celibidache died in La Neuville-sur-Essonne , arrondissement Pithiviers near Paris on August 14 , 1996 , at age 84 ." ]
[ "Conant thought it was because she was a woman that he did not want her . The argument lasted for 12 years .", "One controversial incident during his tenure with the Munich Philharmonic was a protracted legal battle to oust principal trombonist Abbie Conant that lasted 12 years , with Conant ultimately prevailing ." ]
[ "The astronomer Hipparchus ( 190-120 BCE ) created a table of chord functions giving the length of the chord for each angle , and there are references to his using polar coordinates in establishing stellar positions .", "The Greek astronomer and astrologer Hipparchus ( 190-120 BCE ) created a table of chord functions giving the length of the chord for each angle , and there are references to his using polar coordinates in establishing stellar positions ." ]
[ "As the coordinate system is two-dimensional , each point is determined by two polar coordinates : the radial coordinate and the angular coordinate .", "The radial coordinate is often denoted by r , and the angular coordinate by Î or t." ]
[ "In mathematics , the polar coordinate system is a two-dimensional coordinate system in which each point on a plane is determined by an angle and a distance .", "In mathematics , the polar coordinate system is a two-dimensional coordinate system in which each point on a plane is determined by a distance from a fixed point and an angle from a fixed direction ." ]
[ "Norwich is a city of Connecticut in the United States .", "Norwich served as leadership center for Connecticut during the Civil War . Connecticut Governor William Buckingham , who was from nearby Lebanon , used his Norwich home as a de facto office during the conflict ." ]
[ "Palau , officially the Republic of Palau , is an island nation .", "As a sovereign nation , Palau conducts its own foreign relations . Since independence , Palau has established diplomatic relations with a number of nations , including many of its Pacific neighbors ." ]
[ "It is the Pacific Ocean . Palau is 300 miles ( 500 km ) east of the Philippines .", "Palau pÉ Ë laÊ , officially the Republic of Palau , is an island nation in the Pacific Ocean , some 500 miles ( 800 km ) east of the Philippines and 2,000 miles ( 3,200 km ) south of Tokyo ." ]
[ "It got independence from United Nations trusteeship administration ( administered by the United States of America ) in 1994 . It is one of the world 's youngest and smallest nations .", "Having emerged from United Nations trusteeship in 1994 , it is one of the world 's youngest and smallest sovereign states ." ]
[ "It is sometimes referred to in English under its native name Belau .", "In English , the name is sometimes spelled Belau in accordance with the native pronunciation ." ]
[ "Palau has a tropical climate all year round . Average yearly temperature is around 82 Â F ( 27 Â C ) .", "Palau enjoys a tropical climate all year round with an annual mean temperature of 82 Â F ( 28 Â C ) ." ]
[ "What is now Macedonia used to be a state called Socialist Republic of Macedonia in the southern part of the country of Yugoslavia . When that country broke up in 1991 , Macedonia became independent .", "After the breakup of Yugoslavia in 1991 , the name of Macedonia became the object of a dispute between Greece and the newly independent Republic of Macedonia ." ]
[ "What is now Macedonia used to be a state called Socialist Republic of Macedonia in the southern part of the country of Yugoslavia .", "Following the federation 's renaming as the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1963 , the People 's Republic of Macedonia was likewise renamed , becoming the Socialist Republic of Macedonia ." ]
[ "United Nations calls the Republic of Macedonia , `` the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia '' ( FYROM ) .", "It became a member of the United Nations in 1993 but , as a result of a dispute with Greece over its name , it was admitted under the provisional reference of the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia , sometimes abbreviated as FYROM ." ]
[ "Greece and the Republic of Macedonia are arguing over the name Macedonia .", "After the breakup of Yugoslavia in 1991 , the name of Macedonia became the object of a dispute between Greece and the newly independent Republic of Macedonia . In the south , the Republic of Macedonia borders the region of Greek Macedonia , which administratively is split into three peripheries ( one of them comprising both Western Thrace and a part of Greek Macedonia ) ." ]
[ "An anniversary is a day that celebrates an event that happened on the same day and month , but in a past year .", "An anniversary is a day that commemorates and\\/or celebrates a past event that occurred on the same day of the year as the initial event ." ]
[ "With an `` open '' proxy , however , any user on the Internet is able to use this forwarding service .", "With an open proxy , however , any user on the Internet is able to use this forwarding service ." ]
[ "An open proxy is a proxy server which any Internet user can use .", "An open proxy is a proxy server that is accessible by any Internet user ." ]
[ "Generally , a proxy server allows users within a network group to store and forward Internet services such as DNS or web pages , so that not as much bandwidth is used and it is more controlled .", "Generally , a proxy server allows users within a network group to store and forward Internet services such as DNS or web pages to reduce and control the bandwidth used by the group ." ]
[ "This is called having `` opposable thumbs '' .", "Most species do not have opposable thumbs ." ]
[ "Grace Anna Goodhue Coolidge ( January 3 , 1879 â `` July 8 , 1957 ) was the wife of Calvin Coolidge , the President of the United States . She acted as the First Lady of the United States from 1923 to 1929 .", "Grace Anna Goodhue Coolidge ( January 3 , 1879 â `` July 8 , 1957 ) was the wife of Calvin Coolidge and First Lady of the United States from 1923 to 1929 ." ]
[ "Marcos Roberto Silveira Reis ( born 4 August , 1973 ) is a Brazilian football player .", "Marcos Roberto Silveira Reis ( born on August 4 , 1973 , in Oriente , SÃ # o Paulo ) , known simply as Marcos , is a World Cup winning Brazilian football goalkeeper who won the 2002 FIFA World Cup ." ]
[ "It is likely that dirge also came from the old expression Dirige , Domine , Deus meus , in conspectu tuo viam meam ( `` Direct my way in your sight , O Lord my God '' ) .", "The English word `` dirge '' is derived from the Latin Dirige , Domine , Deus meus , in conspectu tuo viam meam ( `` Direct my way in your sight , O Lord my God '' ) , the first words of the first antiphon in the Matins of the Office for the Dead ." ]
[ "In doubles , the first team to serve has one player serve .", "When the serving side loses a rally , the serve immediately passes to their opponent ( s ) ( this differs from the old system where sometimes the serve passes to the doubles partner for what is known as a `` second serve '' ) ." ]
[ "Cumin ( Cuminum cyminum ) Ë kÊ mÉ n sometimes spelled cummin ) is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae , native from the east Mediterranean to East India .", "Cumin ( or , ; sometimes spelled cummin ; Cuminum cyminum ) is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae , native from the east Mediterranean to East India ." ]
[ "Cabanac-et-Villagrains is a commune . It is found in the region Aquitaine in the Gironde department in the southwest of France .", "Cabanac-et-Villagrains is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in south-western France ." ]
[ "A nova ( plural : novae ) is a nuclear explosion that occurs when gravity from a white dwarf star collects hydrogen from a neighboring star . This process starts nuclear fusion on the white dwarf , and a nuclear explosion results .", "novae ) is a cataclysmic nuclear explosion caused by the accretion of hydrogen on to the surface of a white dwarf star , which ignites and starts nuclear fusion in a runaway manner ." ]
[ "The Parti QuÃ bÃ cois want Quebec to become its own country , or succeed from Canada . The Parti QuÃ bÃ cois , or PQ was founded by RenÃ LÃ vesque .", "These are the slogans used by the Parti QuÃ bÃ cois in general election campaigns throughout its history ." ]
[ "The Parti QuÃ bÃ cois ( PQ ) is a political party that wants sovereignty for the province of Quebec .", "The Bloc QuÃ bÃ cois ( BQ ) is a federal political party founded in 1990 by future PQ leader Lucien Bouchard . It holds close ties to the Parti QuÃ bÃ cois , and shares its principal objective : sovereignty ." ]
[ "The current Bloc QuÃ bÃ cois leader Gilles Duceppe was the first to announce that he would to try to become the leader of the PQ , on May 11 , 2007 .", "Current Bloc QuÃ bÃ cois leader Gilles Duceppe was the first to announce his intention to run for party leadership , on 11 May 2007 ." ]
[ "On June 26 , 2007 Marois won the leadership . Pauline Marois is the current leader of the .", "Since June 2007 , the party is headed by Pauline Marois ." ]
[ "The Bloc QuÃ bÃ cois is a federal political party in Canada that was made in in 1990 by future PQ leader Lucien Bouchard .", "The Bloc QuÃ bÃ cois ( BQ ) is a federal political party founded in 1990 by future PQ leader Lucien Bouchard ." ]
[ "On June 26 , 2007 Marois won the leadership .", "On 26 June 2007 , still the sole candidate , Marois won the leadership by acclamation ." ]
[ "In the provincial election of 1976 , the Parti QuÃ bÃ cois was elected to the government of QuÃ bec for the first time and RenÃ LÃ vesque , became the premier of Quebec .", "In the 1976 provincial election , the Parti QuÃ bÃ cois was elected for the first time to form the government of Quebec . The party 's leader , RenÃ LÃ vesque , became the Premier of Quebec ." ]
[ "The party was elected again in the 1981 election , but in November 1984 founder RenÃ LÃ vesque left the party and the PQ lost the 1985 election .", "The PQ was defeated by the Quebec Liberal Party in the 1985 election ." ]
[ "Pauline Marois also said she was going to try to become leader , but Duceppe changed his mind on the 12th leaving Marois the only candidate .", "He was followed the same day by Pauline Marois . In a surprise move , Duceppe withdrew on the 12th - leaving Marois the only declared candidate ." ]
[ "Lizzie McGuire is an American children 's situation comedy television show .", "Three Lizzie McGuire video games have been released for the Game Boy Advance : Lizzie McGuire : On the Go ( 2003 ) , Lizzie McGuire 2 : Lizzie Diaries ( 2004 ) , and Lizzie McGuire 3 : Homecoming Havoc ( 2005 ) ." ]
[ "Tuttle is a city of Oklahoma in the United States .", "Tuttle is a city in Grady County , Oklahoma , United States ." ]
[ "In 1866 , the German chemist August Wilhelm von Hofmann came up with a system for naming hydrocarbons . The suffixes - ane , - ene , - ine , - one , and - une were used to call the hydrocarbons with 0 , 2 , 4 , 6 , and 8 fewer hydrogen atoms than the alkane it came from .", "In 1866 , the German chemist August Wilhelm von Hofmann proposed a system of hydrocarbon nomenclature in which the suffixes - ane , - ene , - ine , - one , and - une were used to denote the hydrocarbons with 0 , 2 , 4 , 6 , and 8 fewer hydrogens than their parent alkane ." ]
[ "Because of this system , ethylene became ethene .", "In this system , ethylene became ethene ." ]
[ "Some of the parts of an ethylene plant can be :", "The process proceeds via the initial complexation of ethylene to a Pd ( II ) center . Major intermediates from the halogenation and hydrohalogenation of ethylene include ethylene dichloride , ethyl chloride and ethylene dibromide ." ]
[ "There are other systems in an ethylene plant .", "Inhibitors of ethylene perception include compounds that have a similar shape to ethylene , but do not elicit the ethylene response ." ]
[ "Saint-Michel-en-l ` Herm is a commune . It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the VendÃ e department in the west of France .", "Saint-Michel-en-l ` Herm is a commune in the VendÃ e department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France ." ]
[ "The name Blood and Honour is taken from the motto of the Hitler Youth , Blut und Ehre .", "Blood & Honour took its name from the motto of the Hitler Youth , Blut und Ehre , and a song of the same name by Skrewdriver ." ]
[ "Ian Stuart Donaldson , singer of the band Skrewdriver , was the founder of Blood and Honour .", "Ian Stuart Donaldson , singer of the band Skrewdriver , was the founder and one of the prominent leaders until his death in 1993 ." ]
[ "Iraq and Iran entered into warfare on September 22 , 1980 .", "Iraq invaded Iran , first attacking Mehrabad Airport of Tehran and then entering the oil-rich Iranian land of Khuzestan , which also has a sizable Arab minority , on 22 September 1980 and declared it a new province of Iraq ." ]
[ "Under pressure from the Shah , who had agreed to a rapprochement between Iraq and Iran in 1975 , Saddam agreed to kick Khomeini out in 1978 .", "However , when Khomeini began to urge the Shi'ite s there to overthrow Saddam and under pressure from the Shah , who had agreed to a rapprochement between Iraq and Iran in 1975 , Saddam agreed to expel Khomeini in 1978 to France ." ]
[ "He was then left completely in control of Iraq . The country never recovered from the Gulf War , economically or with the army .", "Saddam , having survived the immediate crisis in the wake of defeat , was left firmly in control of Iraq , although the country never recovered either economically or militarily from the Gulf War ." ]
[ "By the beginning of April Coalition forces had much of Iraq .", "By the beginning of April , U.S.-led forces occupied much of Iraq ." ]
[ "175,000 Iraqis were taken prisoner and the dead were estimated to be 85,000 .", "Some 175,000 Iraqis were taken prisoner and casualties were estimated at over 85,000 ." ]
[ "U.S. officials attempted to maintain a conciliatory line with Iraq , indicating that while Bush and Baker did not want force to be used , they would not take any position on the Iraqi-Kuwait dispute and did not want to become involved .", "U.S. officials attempted to maintain a conciliatory line with Iraq , indicating that while George H. W. Bush and James Baker did not want force used , they would not take any position on the Iraqâ `` Kuwait boundary dispute and did not want to become involved ." ]
[ "The UN placed a trade embargo on Iraq , blocking Iraqi oil exports .", "The UN sanctions placed upon Iraq when it invaded Kuwait were not lifted , blocking Iraqi oil exports ." ]
[ "After making some gains , Iraq 's troops began to suffer losses from human-wave attacks by Iran .", "After making some initial gains , Iraq 's troops began to suffer losses from human wave attacks by Iran ." ]
[ "They returned to Iraq when they received assurances that Saddam Hussein would pardon them .", "They returned to Iraq when they received assurances that Saddam would pardon them ." ]
[ "The U.S. helped Saddam Hussein in the war with Iran , but with Iraq 's take over of the oil-rich emirate of Kuwait in August of 1990 the United States led a United Nations attempt that drove Saddam from Kuwait in February 1991 .", "â With Saddam 's seizure of Kuwait in August 1990 an United Nations coalition led by the United States drove Iraq 's troops from Kuwait in February 1991 ." ]
[ "The Reagan administration gave Saddam roughly $ 40 billion worth of arms in the 1980s to fight Iran , nearly all of it on credit .", "The Reagan administration gave Saddam roughly $ 40 billion in aid in the 1980s to fight Iran , nearly all of it on credit ." ]
[ "As Iraq-Kuwait relations rapidly grew worse , Saddam was getting conflicting information about how the U.S. would respond to an invasion .", "As Iraq-Kuwait relations rapidly deteriorated , Saddam was receiving conflicting information about how the U.S. would respond to the prospects of an invasion ." ]
[ "He soon became the creator of Iraq 's foreign policy and represented the nation in all diplomatic situations .", "He soon became the architect of Iraq 's foreign policy and represented the nation in all diplomatic situations ." ]
[ "In 1976 Saddam was appointed as a general in the Iraqi army .", "In 1976 , Saddam rose to the position of general in the Iraqi armed forces , and rapidly became the strongman of the government ." ]
[ "The influence of revolutionary Shi'ite Islam grew in the region , particularly in countries with large Shi'ite populations , especially Iraq .", "The influence of revolutionary Shi'ite Islam grew apace in the region , particularly in countries with large Shi'ite populations , especially Iraq ." ]
[ "Saddam had pushed oil-exporting countries to raise oil prices and cut back production , but on top of Kuwaiti refusals to do so , Kuwait helped spearhead OPEC 's opposition to the production cuts that Saddam had requested .", "Saddam pushed oil-exporting countries to raise oil prices by cutting back production ; Kuwait refused , however . In addition to refusing the request , Kuwait spearheaded the opposition in OPEC to the cuts that Saddam had requested ." ]
[ "Saddam returned to Iraq , but was imprisoned in 1964 when an anti-Ba ` ath group led by Abdul Rahman Arif took power .", "Saddam returned to Iraq , but was imprisoned in 1964 ." ]
[ "The U.S. ambassador to Iraq , April Glaspie , met with Saddam in a meeting on July 25 , where the Iraqi leader said he wanted to keep talks going .", "U.S. ambassador to Iraq April Glaspie met with Saddam in an emergency meeting on 25 July 1990 , where the Iraqi leader stated his intention to give negotiations only . ." ]
[ "Helped by the Security Council , a U.S.-led coalition launched missile attacks on Iraq , January 16 , 1991 .", "Backed by the Security Council , a U.S.-led coalition launched round-the-clock missile and aerial attacks on Iraq , beginning 16 January 1991 ." ]
[ "Together , Iraq and Kuwait had 20 percent of the world 's known oil reserves .", "Taken together , Iraq and Kuwait sat on top of some 20 percent of the world 's known oil reserves ; as an article of comparison , Saudi Arabia holds 25 percent ." ]
[ "According to Saddam , in 1957 , at the age of 20 , Saddam became part of the Ba ` ath Party .", "After secondary school Saddam studied at an Iraqi law school for three years , dropping out in 1957 at the age of 20 to join the revolutionary pan-Arab Ba ` ath Party , of which his uncle was a supporter ." ]
[ "The Iraqi government and military collapsed in three weeks of the beginning of the U.S.-led 2003 invasion of Iraq on March 20 .", "The Iraqi government and military collapsed within three weeks of the beginning of the U.S.-led 2003 invasion of Iraq on 20 March ." ]
[ "Washington had been taking measures to start a good relationship with Iraq for roughly a decade .", "For one , Washington had been taking measures to cultivate a constructive relationship with Iraq for roughly a decade ." ]
[ "As the war was looming on February 24 , 2003 , Saddam Hussein talked with CBS News anchor Dan Rather for more than three hoursâ '' his first interview with a U.S. reporter in over a decade .", "With war looming on 24 February 2003 , Saddam Hussein took part in an interview with CBS News reporter Dan Rather ." ]
[ "In August 1995 , Rana and her husband Hussein Kamel al Majid and Raghad and her husband , Saddam Kamel Majid , defected to Jordan , taking their children with them .", "In August 1995 , Raghad and her husband Hussein Kamel al-Majid and Rana and her husband , Saddam Kamel al-Majid , defected to Jordan , taking their children with them ." ]
[ "This caused hardship in Iraq and almost destroyed the Iraqi economy and state infrastructure .", "This caused immense hardship in Iraq and virtually destroyed the Iraqi economy and state infrastructure ." ]
[ "Kuwait was pumping large amounts of oil , and keeping prices low , when Iraq needed to sell high-priced oil from its wells to pay off a huge debt .", "Kuwait was pumping large amounts of oil , and thus keeping prices low , when Iraq needed to sell high-priced oil from its wells to pay off a huge debt ." ]
[ "Khomeini , having been exiled from Iran in 1964 , began living in Iraq , at the Shi'ite holy city of An Najaf .", "Khomeini , having been exiled from Iran in 1964 , took up residence in Iraq , at the Shi'ite holy city of An Najaf ." ]
[ "U.S. officials continued to accuse Saddam of violating the terms of the Gulf War 's cease fire , by developing weapons of mass destruction and other banned weaponry , and violating the UN-imposed sanctions and `` no fly zones . ''", "U.S. officials continued to accuse Saddam of violating the terms of the Gulf War 's cease fire , by developing weapons of mass destruction and other banned weaponry , and violating the UN-imposed sanctions ." ]
[ "On December 9 , 1996 the United Nations allowed Baghdad to begin selling limited amounts of oil for food and medicine .", "On 9 December 1996 the United Nations allowed Saddam 's government to begin selling limited amounts of oil for food and medicine ." ]
[ "There , he became involved himself with Iraqi Shi'ite s and got a strong religious and political following throughout the world .", "There he involved himself with Iraqi Shi'ite s and developed a strong , worldwide religious and political following against the Iranian Government , whom Saddam tolerated ." ]
[ "As part of the cease-fire agreement , Iraq agreed to get rid of all poison gas and germ weapons and allow UN observers to inspect the sites .", "As part of the cease-fire agreement , Iraq agreed to scrap all poison gas and germ weapons and allow UN observers to inspect the sites ." ]
[ "In 1979 Iran 's Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was overthrown by the Islamic Revolution , giving way to an Islamic republic led by the Ayatollah Khomeini .", "In 1979 Iran 's Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was overthrown by the Islamic Revolution , thus giving way to an Islamic republic led by the Ayatollah Khomeini ." ]
[ "He never knew his father , Hussein ` Abd al-Majid , who disappeared five months before Saddam was born .", "He never knew his father , Hussein ` Abid al-Majid , who disappeared six months before Saddam was born ." ]
[ "There had also been a rivalry between Saddam and Khomeini since the 1970s .", "There had also been bitter enmity between Saddam and Khomeini since the 1970s ." ]
[ "In August 2 , 1990 , Saddam invaded and Kuwait , thus making an international crisis .", "On 2 August 1990 , Saddam invaded and annexed Kuwait , initially claiming assistance to `` Kuwaiti revolutionaries , '' thus sparking an international crisis ." ]
[ "Army officers , including some with the Ba ` ath party , came to power in Iraq in a military coup in 1963 .", "Army officers with ties to the Ba ` ath Party overthrew Qasim in a coup in 1963 ." ]
[ "Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti ( April 28 1937 - December 30 2006 ) , was the President of Iraq , from July 16 1979 to April 9 2003 , when he was removed from his position during the War in Iraq led by the United States .", "Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti ( Arabic : ' ; 28 April 1937 â `` 30 December 2006 ) was the fifth President of Iraq , serving in this capacity from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003 ." ]
[ "After Khomeini gained power , small battles between Iraq and revolutionary Iran happened for ten months . They were fought over who controlled the the disputed Shatt al-Arab waterway , which divides the two countries .", "After Khomeini gained power , skirmishes between Iraq and revolutionary Iran occurred for ten months over the sovereignty of the disputed Shatt al-Arab waterway , which divides the two countries ." ]
[ "Later , Iraq and Kuwait then met for a final negotiation session , which failed .", "Later , Iraq and Kuwait met for a final negotiation session , which failed ." ]
[ "Domestic repression inside Iraq grew worse , and Saddam 's sons , Uday Hussein and Qusay Hussein , became increasingly powerful and carried out a private reign of terror .", "Domestic repression inside Iraq grew worse , and Saddam 's sons , Uday and Qusay Hussein , became increasingly powerful and carried out a private reign of terror ." ]

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