Unnamed: 0
int64 0
10k
| Cancer Type
stringclasses 10
values | PMID
int64 20.3M
39.6M
| Title
stringlengths 1
514
⌀ | Abstract
stringlengths 1
10k
⌀ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
8,727 | skin cancer | 38,238,164 | Peristomal cutaneous amebiasis causing rapidly progressive necrotic wound of a left lower quadrant end colostomy. | Cutaneous amebiasis is a rare clinical entity caused by the invasive protozoan parasite |
8,728 | skin cancer | 38,237,727 | Computational Flow Cytometry Accurately Identifies Sezary Cells Based on Simplified Aberrancy and Clonality Features. | Flow cytometric identification of circulating neoplastic cells (Sezary cells) in patients with mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome is essential for diagnosis, staging, and prognosis. Although recent advances have improved the performance of this laboratory assay, the complex immunophenotype of Sezary cells and overlap with reactive T cells demand a high level of analytic expertise. We utilized machine learning to simplify this analysis using only 2 predefined Sezary cell-gating plots. We studied 114 samples from 59 patients with Sezary syndrome/mycosis fungoides and 66 samples from unique patients with inflammatory dermatoses. A single dimensionality reduction plot highlighted all TCR constant β chain-restricted (clonal) CD3 |
8,729 | skin cancer | 38,237,304 | Tozasertib activates anti-tumor immunity through decreasing regulatory T cells in melanoma. | Although immune checkpoint therapy has significantly improved the prognosis of patients with melanoma, urgent attention still needs to be paid to the low patient response rates and the challenges of precisely identifying patients before treatment. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate novel immunosuppressive mechanisms and targets in the tumor microenvironment in order to reverse tumor immune escape. In this study, we found that the cell cycle checkpoint Aurora kinase B (AURKB) suppressed the anti-tumor immune response, and its inhibitor, Tozasertib, effectively activated T lymphocyte cytokine release in vitro and anti-tumor immunity in vivo. Tozasertib significantly inhibited melanoma xenograft tumor growth by decreasing the number of inhibitory CD4 |
8,730 | skin cancer | 38,237,100 | Detection of Copy-Number Variation in Circulating Cell-Free DNA in Patients With Uveal Melanoma. | Somatic chromosomal alterations, particularly monosomy 3 and 8q gains, have been associated with metastatic risk in uveal melanoma (UM). Whole genome-scale evaluation of detectable alterations in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in UM could provide valuable prognostic information. Our pilot study evaluates the correlation between genomic information using ultra-low-pass whole-genome sequencing (ULP-WGS) of cfDNA in UM and associated clinical outcomes. |
8,731 | skin cancer | 38,236,440 | Efficacy and safety of a home-use handheld multi-energy-based device for skin rejuvenation: clinical, ex vivo, and histological studies. | Alongside increases in the average lifespan and a growing interest in anti-aging remedies, the demand for at-home skincare devices is rapidly expanding in the cosmetic market. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of a novel home-use handheld multi-energy-based device for skin rejuvenation that simultaneously emits low level light, low-dose radiofrequency, low-energy microcurrent, and low-intensity ultrasonic wave. This prospective, randomized, split-face clinical trial enrolled 36 healthy Korean women. After 8 weeks of device use, parameters associated with skin aging were assessed. Additionally, a preliminary ex vivo study and skin biopsy following device use were performed to confirm safety and efficiency of the device. Parameters associated with skin aging including skin hydration, elasticity, roughness, skin pore size, and eye wrinkle volume showed significant improvements after 8 weeks of the device use, relative to baseline measurements and the control side. No adverse effects were observed during the follow-up period. Results of ex vivo and in vivo skin tissue studies correlated with clinical findings, which showed an increase in the expression of type 1 collagen and a decrease in the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1, which is related to the skin aging phenotype. The expression of loricrin and involucrin, major components of the epidermal skin barrier, also increased after the use of the device. Multi-energy-based device is effective for skin rejuvenation and tolerable, without any considerable adverse effects. |
8,732 | skin cancer | 38,236,413 | Chemical exposures and demographic associations in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma: a large single institution physician validated cohort study. | Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) are a rare group of T-cell neoplasms which infiltrate the skin and can result in substantial morbidity and mortality. Risk factors for CTCL are still poorly understood though recent studies suggest chemical exposures may play a role in its development. To further characterize patient-centered risk factors for CTCL, especially compared with matched controls, we performed one of the largest prospective cohort survey studies to date to examine patient-reported exposures and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in association with concurrent clinical disease characteristics. Patient demographics, lifestyle factors, and chemical exposures were collected via clinical data and surveys. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Chi-square tests and t tests were utilized to compare patient-reported exposures and HRQoL in patients with CTCL versus matched healthy controls (HC). Statistically significant differences were identified between patients and HC in terms of race (non-white race 22.4% in CTCL patients vs. 18.8% in HC, P = 0.01), and education level (high school or less 41.6% in CTCL patients vs. 14.3% in HC, P = 0.001), but not with Fitzpatrick skin type (P = 0.11) or smoking status (P = 0.28). Notably, 36.0% of the CTCL patients reported exposures to chemicals, a near threefold increased percentage when compared to HC (12.9%). Among various chemical exposures, 27.0% of the CTCL patients specifically reported industrial chemical exposure, a more than two-fold increased percentage when compared to HC (12.9%). Itch and pain were significantly associated with skin disease severity (as evaluated by CTCL-specific mSWAT score) in advanced stage disease (stages IIB-IVB) (r = 0.48 and 0.57, P < 0.05). Itch and body mass index (BMI) were weakly associated with skin disease severity in early-stage disease (stages IA-IIA) (r = 0.27 and 0.20, P < 0.05). |
8,733 | skin cancer | 38,236,249 | Ziv-aflibercept plus pembrolizumab in patients with advanced melanoma resistant to anti-PD-1 treatment. | Vascular endothelial growth factor is associated with reduced immune response and impaired anti-tumor activity. Combining antiangiogenic agents with immune checkpoint inhibition can overcome this immune suppression and enhance treatment efficacy. |
8,734 | skin cancer | 38,236,209 | Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Situ Achieves Tumor Clearance in More Mohs Stages Than Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Erratum. | No abstract found |
8,735 | skin cancer | 38,236,123 | MULTIPLE KERATINOCYTIC CANCERS AFTER ENALAPRIL/LOSARTAN INTAKE: POTENTIAL LINKS TO DRUG MEDIATED NITROSOGENESIS/CARCINOGENESIS: MELOLABIAL ADVANCED FLAP AND UNDERMINING SURGERY AS OPTIMAL THERAPEUTIC APPROACH. | According to scientific databases, nitrosogenesis and carcinogenesis have been inextricably linked for decades and are undoubtedly one of the most serious causes of cancer induction (not only skin cancer) known to humankind.Some of the most potent modifiers of human DNA turn out to be numerous, known since the last century, difficult to classify as carcinogenic potency, yet available for decades as additional, unregulated, often undisclosed ingredients in about (currently) 300 drugs used by at least 5 billion patients worldwide. While this may sound ridiculous, this information turns out to be reality. A reality accompanied by a drastic jump in the incidence of skin cancers (keratinocytic and melanoma), but also of predicted general cancers, in relation to the year 2040 and disclosed by Globocan.Starting from the thesis of nitrosogenesis and possible contamination with mutagens, we present a case of a 95-year-old female who developed 13 keratinocytic tumors within the potentially/actually contaminated intake of drugs from the group of ACE inhibitors/Enalapril and Sartans/Losartan. A correlation was made between the carcinogenic potency of the possible contaminants (according to the 2023 FDA classification) and the number of cancers occurring within that intake follow-up.The patient was successfully treated surgically with a melolabial flap for the high-risk tumor under the right eyelid and multiple elliptical excisions for the remaining tumors, followed by extension flaps to cover the defects. The role of nitrosogenesis and its relationship to keratinocytic cancers is discussed and analyzed. |
8,736 | skin cancer | 38,236,117 | MELANOMA AND DYSPLASTIC NEVI DEVELOPMENT AFTER RANITIDINE/RILMENIDINE/МOXONIDINE, LERCANIDIPINE, ROSUVASTATIN AND VERAPAMIL/TRANDOLAPRIL - NEW DATA/CASE SERIES. THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF NITROSAMINE/NDSRIS CONTAMINATION IN POLYMEDICATION AS SUBSTANTIAL SKIN CANCER TRIGGERING FACTOR. | The idea of drug-induced/exogenic Nitrosogenesis is driven by the possibility of prolonged exposure of the human body to the influence of nitrosamines within the drug intake - substances or contaminants that have been proven to be carcinogenic or mutagenic one.Until recently, there was a complete lack of data in the scientific literature on the relationship between cancer, polymedication and polycontamination with nitrosamines. In the last decade, melanoma has been described repeatedly in the medical literature as a possible side-effect within the intake of possibly with nitrosamines contaminated medications such as: Valsartan, Hydrochlorothiazide, Amlodipine, Nebivolol, Bisoprolol and Perindopril. However, the contribution of the currently presented new data (5 new patients) is also due to the establishment of the possible pathogenetic role (with respect to melanoma) of several completely new drugs, previously unknown to the scientific community (potentially/actually contaminated with carcinogens/nitrosamines), such as: Ranitidine, Rosuvastatin, Lercanidipine, Rilmenidine, Trandolapril, Moxonidine and Verapamil.The leading and connecting link in shared new and old drug combinations of heterogeneous drug classes (polymedication) and melanoma development and progression remains again one and the same: the possible availability of nitroso component in the frame of exogenous nitrosogenesis according to the official FDA lists of 2023.The number of drugs shared as contaminated with nitrosamines after whose intake melanomas occur is increasing. Nitrosogenesis remains a new beginning, a new understanding and new interpretation of the carcinogenesis concerning melanoma, but probably also of cancer in general. Its further elucidation looks more than promising and is yet to come. More than worrying at the moment remains the fact that the scientific community has to clarify if: 1) peak concentrations of nitrosamines or NDSRIs within the framework of monomedication or 2) normal concentrations within the polymedication (catalogued in the list of FDA/ 2023 as potentially contaminated with hypothetical carcinogens), could hide relatively short-term risk of the development of real tumors: cutaneous melanomas and/or their precursor lesions. The validation of the concept of Nitrosogenesis and its relationship to Сarcinogenesis, is achieved in practice on the basis of the following facts: that it is the occurrence of the same monomorphic clinical pattern (melanoma/dysplastic nevi), developing after the intake of drugs with different mechanism of action, contaminated with nitrosamines/NDSRIs. The unifying link between the intake of certain drugs and the development of certain tumours remains the presence of nitrosamines. Ingredients that are present in drug preparations, identified as availability and as carcinogenic potency, but not yet reflected in packaging or prescriptions. The question remains: why? |
8,737 | skin cancer | 38,235,944 | Rapid diurnal variation of serous retinal detachment during BRAF and MEK inhibitor treatment: A case series. | No abstract found |
8,738 | skin cancer | 38,235,933 | Dermoscopy and reflectance confocal microscopy finding of different anatomic sites of Langerhans cell histiocytosis. | Recognizing Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) might be a challenge due to its rarity. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) and dermoscopy were emergent promising non-invasive technique as auxiliary tools in diagnosis of different skin conditions. However, the RCM and dermoscopic features of LCH had been less investigated. To reveal the common RCM and dermoscopic features of LCH. |
8,739 | skin cancer | 38,234,949 | Successful Treatment of Facial Merkel Cell Carcinoma Using CyberKnife Radiotherapy Alone: A Case Report. | Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive neuroendocrine skin tumor. Herein, we present a case of MCC which was successfully treated with radiotherapy alone using CyberKnife® (CK) (Accuray Incorporated, Sunnyvale, California, United States). An 86-year-old female patient presented with multiple painless pink rash skin tumors on the left cheek. The patient was diagnosed with MCC based on a lesion biopsy (T2cN2M0, stage IIIB). The patient was referred for CK radiotherapy (CKR) at our institution because of her advanced age and inoperative lesions. The patient underwent CKR alone, with a planning target volume (PTV) of 14.9 ml, a prescribed dose of 30 Gy, a maximum dose of 46.2 Gy, and an isodose line (the minimum dose of 95% of the PTV) of 65% in 10 fractions for 13 days. The lesions had completely regressed on the last day of CKR. Left cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) appeared 10 months after CKR. The patient underwent a second CKR for CLNM, the PTV was 4.6 ml, and the prescribed dose was 27 Gy in three fractions for three days. The CLNM had completely regressed one month later after the second CKR. Primary lesions did not recur for 33 months after the initial CKR, and CLNM did not reappear for 23 months after the second CKR with good cosmetic results. No CKR-related adverse event occurred in our follow-up period. Our present case indicates that CKR is an effective treatment option for patients with MCC, particularly elderly patients who may not be suitable candidates for extensive surgical resection. |
8,740 | skin cancer | 38,234,916 | Proteins extracted from pearl oyster ( | Pearl oyster ( |
8,741 | skin cancer | 38,234,195 | Assessment of prevalence of sunscreen use and related practices among people living in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional survey-based study. | The use of sunscreen significantly reduces the risk of skin cancer and helps maintain skin health; however, improper use can decrease its effectiveness. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with sunscreen use in Saudi Arabia as well as identifying areas of weakness in sunscreen practices. |
8,742 | skin cancer | 38,234,043 | Evaluation of an artificial intelligence-based decision support for the detection of cutaneous melanoma in primary care: a prospective real-life clinical trial. | Use of artificial intelligence (AI), or machine learning, to assess dermoscopic images of skin lesions to detect melanoma has, in several retrospective studies, shown high levels of diagnostic accuracy on par with - or even outperforming - experienced dermatologists. However, the enthusiasm around these algorithms has not yet been matched by prospective clinical trials performed in authentic clinical settings. In several European countries, including Sweden, the initial clinical assessment of suspected skin cancer is principally conducted in the primary healthcare setting by primary care physicians, with or without access to teledermoscopic support from dermatology clinics. |
8,743 | skin cancer | 38,234,036 | Survival and Prognosis for Patients with Rectal Melanomas in the United States: A SEER-Based Study. | Limited attention was paid to focus on rectal melanomas (RM). This study aimed to evaluate the survival rate and prognostic factors of RM. |
8,744 | skin cancer | 38,233,802 | Single-cell analysis of the cellular landscape of vulvar melanoma provides new insight for immunotherapy administration. | Vulvar and vaginal melanoma (VuM & VaM) is a rare gynecologic malignancy with high mortality but low effectiveness to checkpoint immunotherapy compared to cutaneous melanoma. This article aims to elucidate the role of the disordered immune microenvironment in cancer progression in VuM. |
8,745 | skin cancer | 38,233,731 | Clinical, Morphologic, and Molecular Features of MAP3K8 Rearranged Spitz Neoplasms: A Retrospective Study Documenting That Bonafide Spitz Melanomas Are Rare. | Previous studies regarding the clinical behavior of Spitz neoplasms lack genomic characterization. We aim to assess our hypothesis that most MAP3K8 Spitz neoplasms are indolent despite MAP3K8 being the single most common driver of Spitz melanoma. Further, we aim to identify genomic features associated with aggressive behavior and to better characterize the morphology of these cases. We analyzed the outcomes of MAP3K8 Spitz neoplasms. We also performed a meta-analysis of the outcomes of MAP3K8 Spitz from the literature. Morphologic features were compared with other variants of Spitz using a Student t test and χ 2 test. Two of 35 cases resulted in local recurrence and one of these cases had local regional metastasis; all other cases had no evidence of recurrence (mean follow-up time: 33 mo). MAP3K8 Spitz only rarely results in aggressive behavior. Metastatic cases have genomic mutations associated with tumor progression. Morphologically, MAP3K8 Spitz neoplasms frequently showed nodular silhouette, large cell size, epithelioid morphology, and severe nuclear atypia resulting in more frequent diagnosis as Spitz melanoma. Most MAP3K8 Spitz neoplasms have excellent prognoses, apart from rare cases harboring additional genomic abnormalities associated with tumor progression. |
8,746 | skin cancer | 38,233,537 | Cooperative function of oncogenic MAPK signaling and the loss of Pten for melanoma migration through the formation of lamellipodia. | The combination of oncogenes and tumor suppressors is involved in cancer development; however, it is still unknown whether their combination plays a critical role in cancer metastasis. We herein investigated whether genetic combinations affected cell migration ability by establishing the immortalized melanocytes, melan-a cells, with an oncogene, either BRAF |
8,747 | skin cancer | 38,233,483 | INPP5A phosphatase is a synthetic lethal target in GNAQ and GNA11-mutant melanomas. | Activating mutations in GNAQ/GNA11 occur in over 90% of uveal melanomas (UMs), the most lethal melanoma subtype; however, targeting these oncogenes has proven challenging and inhibiting their downstream effectors show limited clinical efficacy. Here, we performed genome-scale CRISPR screens along with computational analyses of cancer dependency and gene expression datasets to identify the inositol-metabolizing phosphatase INPP5A as a selective dependency in GNAQ/11-mutant UM cells in vitro and in vivo. Mutant cells intrinsically produce high levels of the second messenger inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate (IP3) that accumulate upon suppression of INPP5A, resulting in hyperactivation of IP3-receptor signaling, increased cytosolic calcium and p53-dependent apoptosis. Finally, we show that GNAQ/11-mutant UM cells and patients' tumors exhibit elevated levels of IP4, a biomarker of enhanced IP3 production; these high levels are abolished by GNAQ/11 inhibition and correlate with sensitivity to INPP5A depletion. Our findings uncover INPP5A as a synthetic lethal vulnerability and a potential therapeutic target for GNAQ/11-mutant-driven cancers. |
8,748 | skin cancer | 38,233,336 | Oncologic Outcomes of Immediate Breast Reconstruction in the Setting of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Long-term Follow-up Study of a Matched Cohort. | Despite the increasing use of immediate breast reconstruction (IBR), its oncologic safety in the setting of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) needs to be comprehensively clarified in breast cancer management. The objective of the present study was to analyze the oncologic safety of IBR following NACT. |
8,749 | skin cancer | 38,233,306 | Characteristics and Outcomes of Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients With and Without Cancer: Insights From Western Sydney. | Increased cardiovascular events are common in cancer survivors and contribute to an emerging cardio-oncology patient group requiring secondary prevention strategies including cardiac rehabilitation (CR). This study aimed to compare characteristics and outcomes for patients participating in CR with and without an existing cancer diagnosis. |
8,750 | skin cancer | 38,233,284 | Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Transformation of Oncology: Melanoma and Skin Malignancies. | Skin cancers are the most common cancers, with melanoma resulting in the highest cause of death in this category. Accurate clinical, histologic, and imaging staging with fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) is most important to guide patient management. Whilst surgical excision with clear margins is the gold-standard treatment for primary cutaneous melanoma, targeted therapies have generated remarkable and rapid clinical responses in melanoma, for which FDG PET also plays an important role in assessment of treatment response and post-therapy surveillance. Non-FDG PET tracers, advanced PET technology, and PET radiomics may potentially change the landscape of the utilization of PET in the imaging of patients with cutaneous malignancies. |
8,751 | skin cancer | 38,233,229 | Racial and skin color mediated disparities in pulse oximetry in infants and young children. | Race-based and skin pigmentation-related inaccuracies in pulse oximetry have recently been highlighted in several large electronic health record-based retrospective cohort studies across diverse patient populations and healthcare settings. Overestimation of oxygen saturation by pulse oximeters, particularly in hypoxic states, is disparately higher in Black compared to other racial groups. Compared to adult literature, pediatric studies are relatively few and mostly reliant on birth certificates or maternal race-based classification of comparison groups. Neonates, infants, and young children are particularly susceptible to the adverse life-long consequences of hypoxia and hyperoxia. Successful neonatal resuscitation, precise monitoring of preterm and term neonates with predominantly lung pathology, screening for congenital heart defects, and critical decisions on home oxygen, ventilator support and medication therapies, are only a few examples of situations that are highly reliant on the accuracy of pulse oximetry. Undetected hypoxia, especially if systematically different in certain racial groups may delay appropriate therapies and may further perpetuate health care disparities. The role of biological factors that may differ between racial groups, particularly skin pigmentation that may contribute to biased pulse oximeter readings needs further evaluation. Developmental and maturational changes in skin physiology and pigmentation, and its interaction with the operating principles of pulse oximetry need further study. Importantly, clinicians should recognize the limitations of pulse oximetry and use additional objective measures of oxygenation (like co-oximetry measured arterial oxygen saturation) where hypoxia is a concern. |
8,752 | skin cancer | 38,233,108 | Digital pathology for reporting histopathology samples, including cancer screening samples - definitive evidence from a multisite study. | To conduct a definitive multicentre comparison of digital pathology (DP) with light microscopy (LM) for reporting histopathology slides including breast and bowel cancer screening samples. |
8,753 | skin cancer | 38,233,101 | Lower frequencies of circulating suppressive regulatory T cells and higher frequencies of CD4 | Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are major barriers of clinical management and further development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for cancer therapy. Therefore, biomarkers associated with the onset of severe irAEs are needed. In this study, we aimed to identify immune features detectable in peripheral blood and associated with the development of severe irAEs that required clinical intervention. |
8,754 | skin cancer | 38,232,980 | Outcomes of Mohs micrographic surgery for periocular squamous cell carcinoma. | Periocular cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) accounts for 5-10% of all eyelid malignancies. Periocular cSCC carries a low mortality rate but can be destructive to local tissues. Due to the unique function and anatomy of the eyelids, Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is gold standard for treating cSCC to preserve healthy tissue and reduce rates of local recurrence. In this study, we describe the success and outcomes of MMS and subsequent oculoplastic reconstruction for periocular cSCC in the North East of England. |
8,755 | skin cancer | 38,232,662 | 3D bioprinting of Salvianolic acid B-sodium alginate-gelatin skin scaffolds promotes diabetic wound repair via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and proangiogenic effects. | In patients with diabetic wounds, wound healing is impaired due to the presence of persistent oxidative stress, an altered inflammatory response, and impaired angiogenesis and epithelization. Salvianolic acid B (SAB), which is derived from the Chinese medicinal plant Salvia miltiorrhiza, has been found to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and proangiogenic effects. Previous studies have used 3D bioprinting technology incorporating sodium alginate (SA) and gelatin (Gel) as basic biomaterials to successfully produce artificial skin. In the current study, 3D bioprinting technology was used to incorporate SAB into SA-Gel to form a novel SAB-SA-Gel composite porous scaffold. The morphological characteristics, physicochemical characteristics, biocompatibility, and SAB release profile of the SAB-SA-Gel scaffolds were evaluated in vitro. In addition, the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and proangiogenic abilities of the SAB-SA-Gel scaffolds were evaluated in cells and in a rat model. Analysis demonstrated that 1.0 wt% (the percentage of SAB in the total weight of the solution containing SA and Gel) SAB-SA-Gel scaffolds had strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and proangiogenic properties both in cells and in the rat model. The 1.0% SAB-SA-Gel scaffold reduced the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interluekin-1β and increased the expression of transforming growth factor-β. In addition, this scaffold removed excessive reactive oxygen species by increasing the expression of superoxide dismutase, thereby protecting fibroblasts from injury. The scaffold increased the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, accelerated granulation tissue regeneration and collagen deposition, and promoted wound healing. These findings suggest that this innovative scaffold may have promise as a simple and efficient approach to managing diabetic wound repair. |
8,756 | skin cancer | 38,232,644 | Radix Tetrastigma Hemsleyani Flavone represses cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma via Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway inactivation. | Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is the second most common malignant skin tumor and significantly affects patients' quality of life and health. The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK/STAT3) pathway activation is involved in CSCC development. Radix Tetrastigma hemsleyani flavone (RTHF) is an active Radix Tetrastigma extract (RTE), which was recently reported to have promising inhibitory effects on CSCC. However, the underlying functional mechanisms of this inhibition remain unknown. In the present study, A431 cells or SCL-1 cells were incubated with 1, 5, and 10 mg/mL RTHF for 48 h, respectively. A significantly increased wound closure rate, decreased number of migrated and invaded cells, decreased colony number, and elevated apoptotic rate were observed after treatment with 1, 5, and 10 mg/mL RTHF. Furthermore, after incubation with RTHF, p-JAK1/JAK1, p-JAK2/JAK2, and p-STAT3/STAT3 levels were drastically reduced. An A431 xenograft model was constructed, followed by oral administration of 15, 30, or 60 mg/kg RTHF for 21 consecutive days. A significantly lower increase in tumor volume and reduced tumor weight were observed in all RTHF-treated groups. In addition, JAK/STAT3 signaling was drastically repressed in tumor tissues. Collectively, RTHF inhibited CSCC progression, which may be associated with JAK/STAT3 pathway inactivation. |
8,757 | skin cancer | 28,402,615 | Triglyceride Lowering Drugs | The two major goals of the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia are the prevention of cardiovascular disease and pancreatitis. Here we discuss the drugs used for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia: (niacin, fibrates, omega-3-fatty acids, volanesorsen (available in Europe) and lipoprotein lipase gene therapy (alipogene tiparvovec- no longer available). Niacin decreases total cholesterol, TGs (20-50% decrease), LDL-C, and Lp(a). Additionally, niacin decreases small dense LDL resulting in a shift to large, buoyant LDL particles. Moreover, niacin increases HDL-C. Skin flushing, insulin resistance, and other side effects have limited the use of niacin. The enthusiasm for niacin has greatly decreased with the failure of AIM-HIGH and HPS-2 Thrive to decrease cardiovascular events when niacin was added to statin therapy. The omega-3-fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n-3) (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n-3) (DHA) lower TGs by 10-50% but do not affect total cholesterol, HDL-C, or Lp(a). LDL-C may increase with EPA + DHA when the TG levels are markedly elevated (>500mg/dL). EPA alone does not increase LDL-C. Omega-3-fatty acids have few side effects, drug interactions, or contraindications. Numerous studies of low dose omega-3-fatty acids on cardiovascular outcomes have failed to demonstrate a benefit. However, in the JELIS trial and REDUCE-IT trial high doses of EPA alone reduced cardiovascular events while in the STRENGTH trial high dose EPA+DHA did not reduce cardiovascular events. Fibrates reduce TG levels by 25-50% and increase HDL-C by 5-20%. The effect on LDL-C is variable. If the TG levels are very high (>500mg/dL), fibrate therapy may result in an increase in LDL-C, whereas if TGs are not markedly elevated fibrates decrease LDL-C by 10-30%. Fibrates also reduce apolipoprotein B, LDL particle number, and non-HDL-C and there may be a shift from small dense LDL towards large LDL particles. Fibrates do not have any major effects on Lp(a). Monotherapy with fibrates appears to reduce cardiovascular events in patients with high TG and low HDL-C levels. Whether the addition of fibrates to statin therapy will reduce cardiovascular disease is uncertain. In patients with diabetes fibrates appear to slow the progression of microvascular disease. Volanesorsen is an antisense oligonucleotide that inhibits the production of apolipoprotein C-III. In patients with the familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS) volanesorsen decreases TG by 77% (mean decrease of 1712 mg/dL) with 77% of the patients having TG levels less than 750 mg/dL. In addition, volanesorsen treatment resulted in decreases in non–HDL-C by 46%, and VLDL-C by 58% and increases in HDL-C by 46%, LDL-C by 136%, (LDL-C increased from 28 to 61 mg/dL), and total apolipoprotein B by 20%. Studies have suggested that volanesorsen may reduce episodes of pancreatitis. Patients with FCS have also reported that volanesorsen improved symptoms and reduced interference of FCS with work/school responsibilities. Of concern has been decreases in platelet levels with 47% of patients treated with volanesorsen developing platelet counts below100 x 109/L. Thus, a number of drugs are available for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia and may be employed when lifestyle changes are not sufficient. For complete coverage of all related areas of Endocrinology, please visit our on-line FREE web-text, WWW.ENDOTEXT.ORG. |
8,758 | skin cancer | 38,232,345 | A Comparison of Preoperative Telephone Call Versus Mailed Educational Materials on Patient-Reported Outcomes in Mohs Micrographic Surgery. | Preoperative education has uncertain benefits on the preparedness and satisfaction of patients undergoing Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS). |
8,759 | skin cancer | 38,232,332 | Hydrophobization of Ribonucleic Acids for Facile Systemic Delivery and Multifaceted Cancer Immunotherapy. | Ribonucleic acids (RNAs) enable disease-related gene inhibition, expression, and editing and represent promising therapeutics in various diseases. The efficacy of RNA relies heavily on the presence of a secure and effective delivery system. Herein, we found that RNA could be hydrophobized by cationic lipid and ionizable lipid and conveniently coassemble with amphiphilic polymer to achieve micelle-like nanoparticles (MNP). The results of the study indicate that MNP exhibits a high level of efficiency in delivering RNA. Besides, the MNP encapsulating siRNA that targets CD47 and PD-L1 remarkably blocked these immune checkpoints in a melanoma tumor model and elicited a robust immune response. Moreover, the MNP encapsulating the mRNA of OVA achieved antigen translation and presentation, leading to an effective antitumor immunoprophylaxis outcome against OVA-expressing melanoma model. Our findings suggest that RNA hydrophobization could serve as a viable approach for delivering RNA, thereby facilitating the exploration of RNA therapy in disease treatment. |
8,760 | skin cancer | 38,232,228 | Changes in Symptom Clusters Among Asian American Breast Cancer Survivors in Technology-Based Coaching Intervention. | Limited research studies have focused on examining the impact of technology-based interventions in changing symptom clusters among Asian American breast cancer survivors. |
8,761 | skin cancer | 38,232,171 | Type 1 immunity enables neonatal thymic ILC1 production. | Acute thymic atrophy occurs following type 1 inflammatory conditions such as viral infection and sepsis, resulting in cell death and disruption of T cell development. However, the impact type 1 immunity has on thymic-resident innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) remains unclear. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed neonatal thymic-resident type 1 ILCs (ILC1s) as a unique and immature subset compared to ILC1s in other primary lymphoid organs. Culturing murine neonatal thymic lobes with the type 1 cytokines interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-18 resulted in a rapid expansion and thymic egress of KLRG1 |
8,762 | skin cancer | 38,232,136 | Splicing neoantigen discovery with SNAF reveals shared targets for cancer immunotherapy. | Immunotherapy has emerged as a crucial strategy to combat cancer by "reprogramming" a patient's own immune system. Although immunotherapy is typically reserved for patients with a high mutational burden, neoantigens produced from posttranscriptional regulation may provide an untapped reservoir of common immunogenic targets for new targeted therapies. To comprehensively define tumor-specific and likely immunogenic neoantigens from patient RNA-Seq, we developed Splicing Neo Antigen Finder (SNAF), an easy-to-use and open-source computational workflow to predict splicing-derived immunogenic MHC-bound peptides (T cell antigen) and unannotated transmembrane proteins with altered extracellular epitopes (B cell antigen). This workflow uses a highly accurate deep learning strategy for immunogenicity prediction (DeepImmuno) in conjunction with new algorithms to rank the tumor specificity of neoantigens (BayesTS) and to predict regulators of mis-splicing (RNA-SPRINT). T cell antigens from SNAF were frequently evidenced as HLA-presented peptides from mass spectrometry (MS) and predict response to immunotherapy in melanoma. Splicing neoantigen burden was attributed to coordinated splicing factor dysregulation. Shared splicing neoantigens were found in up to 90% of patients with melanoma, correlated to overall survival in multiple cancer cohorts, induced T cell reactivity, and were characterized by distinct cells of origin and amino acid preferences. In addition to T cell neoantigens, our B cell focused pipeline (SNAF-B) identified a new class of tumor-specific extracellular neoepitopes, which we termed ExNeoEpitopes. ExNeoEpitope full-length mRNA predictions were tumor specific and were validated using long-read isoform sequencing and in vitro transmembrane localization assays. Therefore, our systematic identification of splicing neoantigens revealed potential shared targets for therapy in heterogeneous cancers. |
8,763 | skin cancer | 38,232,117 | Dog size and patterns of disease history across the canine age spectrum: Results from the Dog Aging Project. | Age in dogs is associated with the risk of many diseases, and canine size is a major factor in that risk. However, the size patterns are complex. While small size dogs tend to live longer, some diseases are more prevalent among small dogs. In this study we seek to quantify how the pattern of disease history varies across the spectrum of dog size, dog age, and their interaction. Utilizing owner-reported data on disease history from a substantial number of companion dogs enrolled in the Dog Aging Project, we investigate how body size, as measured by weight, associates with the lifetime prevalence of a reported condition and its pattern across age for various disease categories. We found significant positive associations between dog size and the lifetime prevalence of skin, bone/orthopedic, gastrointestinal, ear/nose/throat, cancer/tumor, brain/neurologic, endocrine, and infectious diseases. Similarly, dog size was negatively associated with lifetime prevalence of ocular, cardiac, liver/pancreas, and respiratory disease categories. Kidney/urinary disease prevalence did not vary by size. We also found that the association between age and lifetime disease prevalence varied by dog size for many conditions including ocular, cardiac, orthopedic, ear/nose/throat, and cancer. Controlling for sex, purebred vs. mixed-breed status, and geographic region made little difference in all disease categories we studied. Our results align with the reduced lifespan in larger dogs for most of the disease categories and suggest potential avenues for further examination. |
8,764 | skin cancer | 38,231,822 | Automated Whole Slide Imaging for Label-Free Histology Using Photon Absorption Remote Sensing Microscopy. | Pathologists rely on histochemical stains to impart contrast in thin translucent tissue samples, revealing tissue features necessary for identifying pathological conditions. However, the chemical labeling process is destructive and often irreversible or challenging to undo, imposing practical limits on the number of stains that can be applied to the same tissue section. Here we present an automated label-free whole slide scanner using a PARS microscope designed for imaging thin, transmissible samples. |
8,765 | skin cancer | 38,231,627 | Case 2-2024: A 57-Year-Old Woman with Melanoma and Fever. | No abstract found |
8,766 | skin cancer | 38,231,618 | Skin and Bone: Intact Fish Skin to Reconstruct Traumatic Orbital Floor and Wall Defects. | Orbital reconstruction following orbital trauma, tissue sacrifice from cancer resection, or other tissue loss poses a unique challenge for surgeons. Factors to consider include the patient's systemic health status, potential for adjuvant radiation, final composition, and strength of the graft, infection risk, graft rejection, status of visual function, and cosmetic outcome. In settings where a permanent artificial implant is avoided due to exposure or infection risk, potential tissue utilized includes xenografts, allografts, and autografts-each with variable benefits and drawbacks, depending on the surgical goals of the repair. We describe a case of orbital reconstruction after a gunshot wound to the left orbit using tri-layer Kerecis (decellularized intact North-Atlantic cod fish skin) with excellent globe position and maintenance of ocular motility. |
8,767 | skin cancer | 38,231,528 | Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Surgically Resected Stage III Merkel Cell Carcinoma. | This case-control study evaluates whether adjuvant radiotherapy is associated with overall survival among patients with surgically resected stage III Merkel cell carcinoma. |
8,768 | skin cancer | 38,231,502 | Safety and Feasibility of Single-Port Robotic-Assisted Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy. | Robotic-assisted nipple-sparing mastectomies with multiport robots have been described in the US since 2015; however, significant hurdles to multiport robotic surgery exist in breast surgery. |
8,769 | skin cancer | 38,231,454 | Pseudocereal Oils, Authenticated by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, and their Chemopreventive Properties. | Amaranth, quinoa, and buckwheat are the representatives of pseudocereals, different parts and by-products of which are used in daily nutrition and food processing industry. However, only scarce information exists on the bioactivity of their oils. Thus, oils obtained from amaranth, buckwheat, and red, yellow, and white quinoa seeds were evaluated in terms of their nutritional (fatty acid profile, squalene), cytotoxic (against normal and neoplastic gastrointestinal, prostate, and skin cells), anti-inflammatory and antiradical (interleukin 6, TNF-alpha, nitric oxide, DPPH, Total phenolics, and superoxide dismutase) potential in the in vitro model. Linoleic (42.9-52.5%) and oleic (22.5-31.1%) acids were the two main unsaturated, while palmitic acid (4.9-18.6%) was the major saturated fatty acid in all evaluated oils. Squalene was identified in all evaluated oils with the highest content in amaranth oil (7.6 g/100 g), and the lowest in buckwheat oil (2.1 g/100 g). The evaluated oils exerted a high direct cytotoxic impact on cancer cells of different origins, but also revealed anti-inflammatory and antiradical potentials. Yellow quinoa oil was the most active, especially toward skin (A375; IC |
8,770 | skin cancer | 38,231,163 | Clinical features of rapid involuting congenital hemangioma: A prospective study. | No abstract found |
8,771 | skin cancer | 38,230,963 | The Discovery of Exarafenib (KIN-2787): Overcoming the Challenges of Pan-RAF Kinase Inhibition. | RAF, a core signaling component of the MAPK kinase cascade, is often mutated in various cancers, including melanoma, lung, and colorectal cancers. The approved inhibitors were focused on targeting the BRAF |
8,772 | skin cancer | 38,230,960 | Real-World Outcomes of Inoperable and Metastatic Cutaneous Head and Neck Melanoma Patients. | This study aims to describe the overall survival (OS) and to identify associated prognostic factors in patients with inoperable and metastatic cutaneous melanoma of the head and neck (H&N) region, undergoing modern systemic treatments. |
8,773 | skin cancer | 38,230,906 | Diversity of PA cohorts during the evolution to an entry-level master's degree. | This study evaluated the racial and ethnic diversity of physician associate/assistant (PA) graduating cohorts during the profession's transition from a standard undergraduate degree to an entry-level master's degree. |
8,774 | skin cancer | 38,230,791 | Multifaceted approach toward mapping out the anticancer properties of small molecules via in vitro evaluation on melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer cells, and in silico target fishing. | Melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers are among the most prevalent and most lethal forms of skin cancers. To identify new lead compounds with potential anticancer properties for further optimization, in vitro assays combined with in-silico target fishing and docking have been used to identify and further map out the antiproliferative and potential mode of action of molecules from a small library of compounds previously prepared in our laboratory. From screening these compounds in vitro against A375, SK-MEL-28, A431, and SCC-12 skin cancer cell lines, 35 displayed antiproliferative activities at the micromolar level, with the majority being primarily potent against the A431 and SCC-12 squamous carcinoma cell lines. The most active compounds 11 (A431: IC |
8,775 | skin cancer | 38,230,768 | Identification of peanut skin components for treating hepatocellular carcinoma via network pharmacology and in vitro experiments. | Peanut skin (PS) contains various flavonoids and phenols that have antitumor and antioxidant effects. However, no research has been conducted on PS and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, this study sought to explore the potential mechanism of PS in treating HCC. PS was searched for in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform and SYMMAP databases. HCC targets were searched for in five major databases. Protein-protein interaction network, Gene Ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses were performed. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation were used for verification. Furthermore, in vitro experiments were used to verify the regulation of PS on human HCC (HepG2) cells. Ten ingredients and 95 common targets were identified for PS and HCC, respectively. The key targets of ingredients mainly relate to pathways such as hepatitis B, lipid and atherosclerosis, advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-AGE receptors (RAGEs) signaling pathway in diabetic complications, interleukin-17 (IL-17) signaling pathway, mitogen activated kinase-like protein (MAPK) signaling pathway, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. In addition, the molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation analysis indicated the ingredients had strong binding ability with the targets. Moreover, in vitro experiments confirmed that luteolin can promote the apoptosis of HepG2 cells by controlling the expression of phosphorylated protein-tyrosine kinase (p-AKT). This study provides preliminary evidence that PS produces a marked effect in regulating multiple signaling pathways in HCC through multiple ingredients acting on multiple core genes, including AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1), MYC, caspase 3 (CASP3), estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), jun proto-oncogene(JUN), and provides the basis for follow-up research to verify the mechanism of action of PS in treating HCC. |
8,776 | skin cancer | 38,230,766 | Cancer statistics, 2024. | Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths in the United States and compiles the most recent data on population-based cancer occurrence and outcomes using incidence data collected by central cancer registries (through 2020) and mortality data collected by the National Center for Health Statistics (through 2021). In 2024, 2,001,140 new cancer cases and 611,720 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States. Cancer mortality continued to decline through 2021, averting over 4 million deaths since 1991 because of reductions in smoking, earlier detection for some cancers, and improved treatment options in both the adjuvant and metastatic settings. However, these gains are threatened by increasing incidence for 6 of the top 10 cancers. Incidence rates increased during 2015-2019 by 0.6%-1% annually for breast, pancreas, and uterine corpus cancers and by 2%-3% annually for prostate, liver (female), kidney, and human papillomavirus-associated oral cancers and for melanoma. Incidence rates also increased by 1%-2% annually for cervical (ages 30-44 years) and colorectal cancers (ages <55 years) in young adults. Colorectal cancer was the fourth-leading cause of cancer death in both men and women younger than 50 years in the late-1990s but is now first in men and second in women. Progress is also hampered by wide persistent cancer disparities; compared to White people, mortality rates are two-fold higher for prostate, stomach and uterine corpus cancers in Black people and for liver, stomach, and kidney cancers in Native American people. Continued national progress will require increased investment in cancer prevention and access to equitable treatment, especially among American Indian and Alaska Native and Black individuals. |
8,777 | skin cancer | 38,230,401 | Dosimetric impact of applying a model-based dose calculation algorithm for skin cancer brachytherapy (interventional radiotherapy). | Brachytherapy (BT, interventional radiotherapy) is a well-established radiotherapy technique capable of delivering high doses to tumors while sparing organs at risk (OARs). Currently, the clinically accepted dose calculation algorithm used is TG-43. In the TG-186 report, new model-based dose calculation algorithms (MBDCA), such as Elekta's advanced collapsed cone engine (ACE), have been introduced, although their clinical application is yet to be fully realized. This study aimed to investigate two aspects of TG-186: firstly, a comparison of dose distributions calculated with TG-43 and TG-186 for skin tumors; and secondly, an exploration of the impact of using a water bolus on the coverage of clinical target volume (CTV) and OARs. |
8,778 | skin cancer | 38,230,369 | Mini review of photoacoustic clinical imaging: a noninvasive tool for disease diagnosis and treatment evaluation. | Photoacoustic (PA) imaging is an imaging modality that integrates anatomical, functional, metabolic, and histologic insights. It has been a hot topic of medical research and draws extensive attention. |
8,779 | skin cancer | 38,230,269 | Peripheral Blood CD8+T Cell as a Prognostic Biomarker for Hospitalised COVID-19 Patients Without Antiviral Treatment. | The status of T lymphocyte subset counts in patients with COVID-19 remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess alterations in peripheral blood CD3+CD8+T (CD8+T) cells among hospitalized COVID-19 patients who have not received antiviral treatment and to evaluate their prognostic value within this patient population. |
8,780 | skin cancer | 38,230,223 | Paraneoplastic Cutaneous Manifestations of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. | null |
8,781 | skin cancer | 38,230,216 | MiRNA-766-3p inhibits gastric cancer via targeting COL1A1 and regulating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. | null |
8,782 | skin cancer | 38,230,203 | Disulfidptosis-related classification patterns and tumor microenvironment characterization in skin cutaneous melanoma. | To identify distinct disulfidptosis-molecular subtypes and develop a novel prognostic signature. |
8,783 | skin cancer | 38,229,921 | Examining carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic health risks related to arsenic exposure in Ethiopia: A longitudinal study. | The carcinogenic properties of arsenic make it one of the most hazardous chemicals globally. Nevertheless, the exact level of human exposure to arsenic and the associated risks of cancer and non-cancer effects through different pathways in Ethiopia are still uncertain. |
8,784 | skin cancer | 38,229,787 | Upadacitinib in Crohn's Disease: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Efficacy and Safety. | Crohn's disease (CD) presents a formidable challenge as a chronic inflammatory condition. This systematic review aimed to comprehensively assess upadacitinib, a novel Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, regarding its efficacy, safety, and mechanistic insights in CD treatment. A thorough search of electronic databases identified studies investigating upadacitinib's impact on CD patients. Study characteristics, efficacy outcomes (clinical remission and endoscopic response), safety profiles, and mechanistic insights were extracted and qualitatively synthesized. Methodological quality was assessed using established tools. The synthesis of three studies consistently demonstrated improvements in clinical remission rates and endoscopic outcomes in upadacitinib-treated patients. Adverse events, such as herpes zoster, intestinal perforation, non-melanoma skin cancer, adjudicated cardiovascular events, and anemia, were reported, necessitating vigilant safety monitoring. Upadacitinib emerges as a promising therapeutic option for CD, supported by its observed clinical benefits and mechanistic implications. However, safety concerns underscore the importance of careful patient selection. These findings contribute to the ongoing discussion surrounding personalized treatment approaches for CD, emphasizing the need for further research to confirm its enduring efficacy and safety. |
8,785 | skin cancer | 38,229,427 | Characterizations of uveal melanoma patients with three additional primary malignancies. | In a population-based cohort of 960 uveal melanoma (UM) patients, we describe patients with three additional malignancies, including one unique patient with four synchronous primary malignancies. |
8,786 | skin cancer | 38,229,275 | Reactive Granulomatous Dermatitis: A Descriptive Study of 10 Patients. | Reactive granulomatous dermatitis (RGD) is a rare and misunderstood skin disorder. It includes interstitial granulomatous dermatitis and palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatitis: 2 entities of the same spectrum. Multiple associations are described with RGD in the literature, including autoimmune diseases, malignancy, and drugs. |
8,787 | skin cancer | 38,229,270 | Surgical Therapy of Merkel Cell Carcinoma-Single Centre Experience of 157 Patients in Germany. | No abstract found |
8,788 | skin cancer | 38,229,268 | Psychological Distress and Treatment Outcome in Patients With Early-Stage Mycosis Fungoides. | Skin diseases have been shown to worsen psychological distress, which, in turn, may be detrimental to treatment outcomes. Both the impact of psychological distress on response to treatment in mycosis fungoides (MF) and the effect of treatments on psychological well-being are unclear. |
8,789 | skin cancer | 38,229,242 | A rare case of pigmented nodular alopecic lesion on the scalp. | No abstract found |
8,790 | skin cancer | 38,229,178 | The roles of tissue resident macrophages in health and cancer. | As integral components of the immune microenvironment, tissue resident macrophages (TRMs) represent a self-renewing and long-lived cell population that plays crucial roles in maintaining homeostasis, promoting tissue remodeling after damage, defending against inflammation and even orchestrating cancer progression. However, the exact functions and roles of TRMs in cancer are not yet well understood. TRMs exhibit either pro-tumorigenic or anti-tumorigenic effects by engaging in phagocytosis and secreting diverse cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors to modulate the adaptive immune system. The life-span, turnover kinetics and monocyte replenishment of TRMs vary among different organs, adding to the complexity and controversial findings in TRMs studies. Considering the complexity of tissue associated macrophage origin, macrophages targeting strategy of each ontogeny should be carefully evaluated. Consequently, acquiring a comprehensive understanding of TRMs' origin, function, homeostasis, characteristics, and their roles in cancer for each specific organ holds significant research value. In this review, we aim to provide an outline of homeostasis and characteristics of resident macrophages in the lung, liver, brain, skin and intestinal, as well as their roles in modulating primary and metastatic cancer, which may inform and serve the future design of targeted therapies. |
8,791 | skin cancer | 38,229,080 | Multiomics characterization of pyroptosis in the tumor microenvironment and therapeutic relevance in metastatic melanoma. | Pyroptosis, mediated by gasdermins with the release of multiple inflammatory cytokines, has emerged as playing an important role in targeted therapy and immunotherapy due to its effectiveness at inhibiting tumor growth. Melanoma is one of the most commonly used models for immunotherapy development, though an inadequate immune response can occur. Moreover, the development of pyroptosis-related therapy and combinations with other therapeutic strategies is limited due to insufficient understanding of the role of pyroptosis in the context of different tumor immune microenvironments (TMEs). |
8,792 | skin cancer | 38,229,030 | Standardized Pre-clinical Surgical Animal Model Protocol to Investigate the Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Ischemic Flap Healing. | Some of the most complex surgical interventions to treat trauma and cancer include the use of locoregional pedicled and free autologous tissue transfer flaps. While the techniques used for these reconstructive surgery procedures have improved over time, flap complications and even failure remain a significant clinical challenge. Animal models are useful in studying the pathophysiology of ischemic flaps, but when repeatability is a primary focus of a study, conventional in-vivo designs, where one randomized subset of animals serves as a treatment group while a second subset serves as a control, are at a disadvantage instigated by greater subject-to-subject variability. Our goal was to provide a step-by-step methodological protocol for creating an alternative standardized, more economical, and transferable pre-clinical animal research model of excisional full-thickness wound healing following a simulated autologous tissue transfer which includes the primary ischemia, reperfusion, and secondary ischemia events with the latter mimicking flap salvage procedure. |
8,793 | skin cancer | 38,228,863 | Inequality by Skin Color in Breast Cancer Screening in Brazil: a Differences-in-Differences Analysis of the COVID-19 Pandemic. | Breast cancer is the second most common cancer type and the first in mortality among Brazilian women. Mammograms are one of the main early diagnosis strategies. National breast cancer screening coverage is still low. Brazil's low screening coverage is due to high mammography access inequality. Skin color defines healthcare access differences. Our article explores the natural event of the COVID-19 pandemic to analyze differences in screening rates between two racial groups of women through the application of the differences in differences (DiD) estimator. The results indicate that BBI women (Black, Brown, and Indigenous Brazilian) have lower screening rates than WY women (White and Yellow) and that the pandemic reduced the difference between these two groups due to the lower number of mammograms performed by WY women. It is believed that the information channel can explain much of this result. The BA population, wealthier and more educated, may have had additional information about COVID-19 and its consequences, as well as an increased likelihood of working remotely and practicing social distance. Structural racism causes many social indicators to be correlated with inequality of access to mammography and negatively impacts health conditions for BBI women. Public policies are necessary for equal access to breast cancer screening for the most vulnerable women. |
8,794 | skin cancer | 38,228,854 | Unveiling breast cancer metastasis through an advanced X-ray imaging approach. | Breast cancer is a significant global health burden, causing a substantial number of deaths. Systemic metastatic tumour cell dissemination is a major cause of poor outcomes. Understanding the mechanisms underlying metastasis is crucial for effective interventions. Changes in the extracellular matrix play a pivotal role in breast cancer metastasis. In this work, we present an advanced multimodal X-ray computed tomography, by combining Small-angle X-ray Scattering Tensor Tomography (SAXS-TT) and X-ray Fluorescence Computed Tomography (XRF-CT). This approach likely brings out valuable information about the breast cancer metastasis cascade. Initial results from its application on a breast cancer specimen reveal the collective influence of key molecules in the metastatic mechanism, identifying a strong correlation between zinc accumulation (associated with matrix metalloproteinases MMPs) and highly oriented collagen. MMPs trigger collagen alignment, facilitating breast cancer cell intravasation, while iron accumulation, linked to angiogenesis and vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF, supports cell proliferation and metastasis. Therefore, these findings highlight the potential of the advanced multimodal X-ray computed tomography approach and pave the way for in-depth investigation of breast cancer metastasis, which may guide the development of novel therapeutic approaches and enable personalised treatment strategies, ultimately improving patient outcomes in breast cancer management. |
8,795 | skin cancer | 38,228,312 | Adenosquamous carcinoma of the vulva: Rare tumor with unusual clinical presentation. | A 52-year-old female presented with labial ulcer of 4-month duration. Examination showed 1 cm × 1 cm single superficial ulcer in the right labium majus. Excision was done, and histopathologic examination revealed surface ulceration and dermal invasion by epithelial neoplasm formed of biphasic proliferation of squamoid and gland-forming cells. Immunohistochemical staining with p63 showed nuclear staining of the squamoid nests and was negative in areas with glandular differentiation, while epithelial membrane antigen and carcinoembryonic antigen highlighted the glandular elements. The case was diagnosed as primary cutaneous adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC). ASC is an uncommon malignant cutaneous neoplasm that is more aggressive than conventional squamous cell carcinoma. There are a few reports of ASC that presented as an erythematous papule or plaque with a preference for the head, neck, or upper extremities. We report a novel case of vulval ASC presented as a superficial ulcer, which is considered a unique site, and its clinical presentation. |
8,796 | skin cancer | 38,228,125 | Mental Health of School-Aged Children Treated with Propranolol or Atenolol for Infantile Hemangioma and Their Parents. | Infants with infantile hemangioma (IH) have been effectively treated with propranolol or atenolol. Concerns were raised about the mental health of these children at school age, due to central nervous system effects of propranolol and visible nature of IH. |
8,797 | skin cancer | 38,228,120 | Preliminary Evaluation of in vivo Reflectance Confocal Microscopy Features of Neonatal Lupus Erythematosus. | Neonatal lupus erythematosus (NLE) is a rare autoimmune disease, which needs to be distinguished from eczema, congenital syphilis, and tinea corporis in newborns. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) could be a helpful noninvasive diagnostic tool, which has been used to evaluate several inflammatory skin conditions. The aim of this study was to describe the RCM characteristics of NLE. |
8,798 | skin cancer | 38,228,098 | Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans: A Study of 148 Patients. | Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is the most common sarcoma of the skin. Although distant metastases are infrequent, DFSP is highly aggressive locally with frequent local recurrences. It has been reported that the presence within the tumour of areas histopathologically mimicking fibrosarcoma may increase the risk of recurrence. |
8,799 | skin cancer | 38,228,094 | Health-Related Complications during Follow-Up and Their Impact on Blood Cancer Survivors: Results from the "Aftercare in Blood Cancer Survivors" (ABC) Study. | Blood cancer survivors are at increased risk for medical complications. |
8,800 | skin cancer | 38,227,961 | Case Report: Successful Treatment of Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis with Voriconazole: A Case Report and Literature Review. | Fonsecaea monophora is a species of Fonsecaea that belongs to Chaetothyriales. It is usually isolated from tropical and subtropical regions, causing reactive inflammation, skin abscesses, and pain. Cerebral infection caused by F. monophora is rare but often fatal. Diagnosing this disease at an early stage is difficult, and appropriate antifungal therapy is often delayed as a result. We report the case of a 53-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes who presented with a headache 2 months ago and progressive right-sided weakness of 1 month's duration. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a space-occupying lesion in the left frontal lobe and corpus callosum. The cystic mass was removed by surgical intervention, and the identification of the sample based on sequencing of the internal transcribed spaced region in BLAST-N search showed that the sequences producing most significant alignments were F. monophora or similar (query cover 99%, E value 0.0, per ident 99.84). The patient was treated with a 3-month course of twice daily voriconazole, leading to complete recovery. |
8,801 | skin cancer | 38,227,397 | Global, Regional, and National Incidence Trend Analysis of Malignant Skin Melanoma Between 1990 and 2019, and Projections Until 2034. | The goal of this study was to evaluate the global burden of malignant skin melanoma (MSM) from 1990 to 2019 using MSM-related data from the Global Burden of Disease study. |
8,802 | skin cancer | 38,227,023 | Rural-Urban Differences in Sun Exposure and Protection Behaviors in the United States. | Evidence regarding whether rural residence is a risk factor for skin cancer is mixed. We compared sun exposure and protection behaviors between rural and urban residents by ethno-racial group in the United States. |
8,803 | skin cancer | 38,226,983 | Evaluation of ABT-751, a novel anti-mitotic agent able to overcome multi-drug resistance, in melanoma cells. | Drug efflux transporter associated multi-drug resistance (MDR) is a potential limitation in the use of taxane chemotherapies for the treatment of metastatic melanoma. ABT-751 is an orally bioavailable microtubule-binding agent capable of overcoming MDR and proposed as an alternative to taxane-based therapies. |
8,804 | skin cancer | 38,226,976 | The effector program of human CD8 T cells supports tissue remodeling. | CD8 T lymphocytes are classically viewed as cytotoxic T cells. Whether human CD8 T cells can, in parallel, induce a tissue regeneration program is poorly understood. Here, antigen-specific assay systems revealed that human CD8 T cells not only mediated cytotoxicity but also promoted tissue remodeling. Activated CD8 T cells could produce the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-ligand amphiregulin (AREG) and sensitize epithelial cells for enhanced regeneration potential. Blocking the EGFR or the effector cytokines IFN-γ and TNF could inhibit tissue remodeling. This regenerative program enhanced tumor spheroid and stem cell-mediated organoid growth. Using single-cell gene expression analysis, we identified an AREG+, tissue-resident CD8 T cell population in skin and adipose tissue from patients undergoing abdominal wall or abdominoplasty surgery. These tissue-resident CD8 T cells showed a strong TCR clonal relation to blood PD1+TIGIT+ CD8 T cells with tissue remodeling abilities. These findings may help to understand the complex CD8 biology in tumors and could become relevant for the design of therapeutic T cell products. |
8,805 | skin cancer | 38,226,247 | Research hotspots and frontiers in acral melanoma: A bibliometric analysis from 1999 to 2023. | Acral melanoma (AM), an aggressive subtype of melanoma with poor prognosis, has been increasingly studied. The present study aims to discuss the current status, hotspots and future directions of AM studies through visualized analysis with bibliometrics and knowledge graph. |
8,806 | skin cancer | 38,225,622 | Melanoma of the central nervous system based on neurocutaneous melanocytosis in childhood: A rare but fatal condition. | Melanomas of the central nervous system (CNS) based on neurocutaneous melanocytosis (NCM) are exceptionally rare in childhood and have been described only sporadically. Rapidly progressive disease may represent a major challenge for treating physicians, especially given the limited knowledge about this condition. This analysis aimed to increase knowledge about the occurrence and treatment of these malignancies. |
8,807 | skin cancer | 38,225,572 | Prophylactic pectoralis major flap to compensate for increased risk of pharyngocutaneous fistula in laryngectomy patients with low skeletal muscle mass (PECTORALIS): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. | Total laryngectomy (TL) is a surgical procedure commonly performed on patients with advanced laryngeal or hypopharyngeal carcinoma. One of the most common postoperative complications following TL is the development of a pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF), characterized by a communication between the neopharynx and the skin. PCF can lead to extended hospital stays, delayed oral feeding, and compromised quality of life. The use of a myofascial pectoralis major flap (PMMF) as an onlay technique during pharyngeal closure has shown potential in reducing PCF rates in high risk patients for development of PCF such as patients undergoing TL after chemoradiation and low skeletal muscle mass (SMM). Its impact on various functional outcomes, such as shoulder and neck function, swallowing function, and voice quality, remains less explored. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of PMMF in reducing PCF rates in patients with low SMM and its potential consequences on patient well-being. |
8,808 | skin cancer | 38,225,244 | Dermatologist-like explainable AI enhances trust and confidence in diagnosing melanoma. | Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have been shown to help dermatologists diagnose melanoma more accurately, however they lack transparency, hindering user acceptance. Explainable AI (XAI) methods can help to increase transparency, yet often lack precise, domain-specific explanations. Moreover, the impact of XAI methods on dermatologists' decisions has not yet been evaluated. Building upon previous research, we introduce an XAI system that provides precise and domain-specific explanations alongside its differential diagnoses of melanomas and nevi. Through a three-phase study, we assess its impact on dermatologists' diagnostic accuracy, diagnostic confidence, and trust in the XAI-support. Our results show strong alignment between XAI and dermatologist explanations. We also show that dermatologists' confidence in their diagnoses, and their trust in the support system significantly increase with XAI compared to conventional AI. This study highlights dermatologists' willingness to adopt such XAI systems, promoting future use in the clinic. |
8,809 | skin cancer | 38,225,205 | Tuning Shortwave-Infrared J-aggregates of Aromatic Ring-Fused Aza-BODIPYs by Peripheral Substituents for Combined Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapies at Ultralow Laser Power. | Achieving photothermal therapy (PTT) at ultralow laser power density is crucial for minimizing photo-damage and allowing for higher maximum permissible skin exposure. However, this requires photothermal agents to possess not just superior photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE), but also exceptional near-infrared (NIR) absorptivity. J-aggregates, exhibit a significant redshift and narrower absorption peak with a higher extinction coefficient. Nevertheless, achieving predictable J-aggregates through molecular design remains a challenge. In this study, we successfully induced desirable J-aggregation (λ |
8,810 | skin cancer | 38,225,106 | Preconditioning with immunogenic cell death-inducing treatments for subsequent immunotherapy. | Since the dawn of anticancer immunotherapy, the clinical use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has increased exponentially. Monoclonal antibodies targeting CTLA-4 and the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction were first introduced for the treatment of patients with unresectable melanoma. In melanoma, ICI lead to durable regression in a significant number of patients and have thus been clinically approved as a first-line treatment of advanced disease. Over the past years an increasing number of regulatory approvals have been granted for the use of ICI in patients affected by a large range of distinct carcinomas. In retrospect surprisingly, it has been discovered that particularly successful chemotherapeutic treatments are able to trigger anticancer immune responses because they induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), hence killing cancer cells in a way that they elicit an immune response against tumor-associated antigens. Logically, preclinical studies as well as clinical trials are currently exploring the possibility to combine ICD inducers with ICI to obtain optimal therapeutic effects. Here, we provide a broad overview of current strategies for the implementation of combinatorial approaches involving ICD induction followed by ICI in anticancer therapy. |
8,811 | skin cancer | 38,224,912 | Superficial X-ray in the treatment of nonaggressive basal and squamous cell carcinoma in the elderly: A 22-year retrospective analysis. | No abstract found |
8,812 | skin cancer | 38,224,873 | TERT promoter mutations in atypical melanocytic lesions: A series of seven cases with adverse melanoma-specific outcome. | The majority of melanocytic proliferations can be readily categorized as benign or malignant based on histologic assessment under the microscope by a trained dermatopathologist. However, a subset of lesions, termed Atypical Melanocytic Proliferations (AMPs), are histologically ambiguous, leading to possible diagnostic error and suboptimal treatment. Mutations in the promoter region of the catalytic subunit of telomerase, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), are commonly found in melanomas but are rare in melanocytic nevi. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of hot spot TERT promoter (TERT-p) mutations in AMPs with adverse melanoma-specific outcome. Studies were approved by respective institutional review boards. Using a multi-center database, we identified seven cases of melanocytic proliferations with a clinical follow-up period of at least 4 years, which were initially diagnosed as AMPs, and which recurred either as melanoma at site of prior biopsy or as metastatic melanoma. Sequencing of the TERT-p region showed hotspot mutations in three cases (43 %), suggesting that TERT-p mutations are enriched and could aid in the identification of AMPs with adverse outcome. In comparison with existing ancillary techniques for prognostication of AMPs, TERT-p mutation analysis may have advantages in terms of cost effectiveness and turnaround time, and is a promising diagnostic parameter with potential widespread utility. |
8,813 | skin cancer | 38,224,869 | Results of surgical treatment of lymph node metastases in patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. | Out of all cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas originating in the head and neck (HNCSCC), 2-4% are associated with parotid or cervical lymph node metastasis. The aim of this study is to analyse the prognostic factors of patients with HNCSCC with lymph node involvement treated surgically. Additionally, we aim to compare the prognostic capacity of the classification of these patients according to the 8th edition of the TNM, and an alternative classification proposed by O'Brien et al. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective review of 65 patients with HNCSCC with lymph node metastasis treated surgically during the period 2000-2020. |
8,814 | skin cancer | 38,224,791 | Sarcoid within the oral cavity of a horse. | Equine sarcoids are common skin tumors that are thought to be caused by cross-species infection by bovine papillomaviruses (BPV). A 16-year-old horse developed a 1cm diameter mandibular gingival mass opposite the right second premolar tooth (406) and a 2cm diameter mass close to the commissure of the lips on the same side of the mouth. The right cheek was diffusely thickened. Histology of the smaller mass revealed a proliferation of mesenchymal cells covered by hyperplastic epithelium that formed thick rete pegs. BPV2 DNA was amplified from the mass. Although the mass had been incompletely excised, there was no recurrence after 5 months. The histological features and detection of BPV2 DNA is consistent with a diagnosis of equine sarcoid. Sarcoids have not previously been reported in the oral cavity of horses. It is hypothesized that trauma to the mouth may have been important for sarcoid development. Additionally, different BPV types may have variable ability to infect the gingiva. While rare, sarcoids are a differential for an oral mass in a horse. |
8,815 | skin cancer | 38,224,755 | Targeted intradermal delivery of alpha-arbutin-loaded dissolving polymeric microneedles visualized by three-dimensional Orbitrap secondary ion mass spectrometry (3D OrbiSIMS). | Hyperpigmentation, a prevalent dermatological condition characterized by melanin overproduction, poses treatment challenges due to the hydrophilicity of alpha-arbutin, a widely utilized tyrosinase inhibitor. This study investigates the efficacy of dissolving microneedles (DMNs) in augmenting skin permeation for alpha-arbutin delivery to the targeted epidermal site. Porcine full-thickness skin was employed in a 24-hour Franz cell study, commencing with the assessment of commercial alpha-arbutin-containing products. Solid steel microneedles (CMNs) from Dermapen® were utilized as both pre- and post-treatment modalities to evaluate the influence of different applications on alpha-arbutin delivery. Additionally, alpha-arbutin-loaded polyvinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate (PVPVA) DMNs, containing 2 % w/w alpha-arbutin, were fabricated and examined for their permeation-enhancing capabilities. HPLC analysis and 3D Orbitrap Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (OrbiSIMS) were employed to quantify and visualize alpha-arbutin in various Franz cell components. Results indicate that alpha-arbutin permeation to the skin was restricted (less than 1 %) without microneedle application and significantly increased by 6-fold (4-5 %) with post-treatment CMNs and DMNs, but not with pre-treatment CMNs. Notably, DMNs exhibited a more sustainable and robust capacity than post-treatment CMNs. OrbiSIMS imaging analysis revealed that DMNs visually enhance skin permeation of alpha-arbutin by delivering the compound to the basal layer of the targeted skin location. Overall, this study underscores the potential of DMNs as a promising delivery system for promoting targeted intradermal delivery of alpha-arbutin, providing a comprehensive exploration of various methodologies to identify innovative and improved microneedle approaches for alpha-arbutin permeation. |
8,816 | skin cancer | 38,224,715 | A genomic and bioinformatic-based approach to identify genetic variants for liver cancer across multiple continents. | Liver cancer is the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. Well-known risk factors include hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus, along with exposure to aflatoxins, excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. Genomic variants play a crucial role in mediating the associations between these risk factors and liver cancer. However, the specific variants involved in this process remain under-explored. This study utilized a bioinformatics approach to identify genetic variants associated with liver cancer from various continents. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with liver cancer were retrieved from the genome-wide association studies catalog. Prioritization was then performed using functional annotation with HaploReg v4.1 and the Ensembl database. The prevalence and allele frequencies of each variant were evaluated using Pearson correlation coefficients. Two variants, rs2294915 and rs2896019, encoded by the PNPLA3 gene, were found to be highly expressed in the liver tissue, as well as in the skin, cell-cultured fibroblasts, and adipose-subcutaneous tissue, all of which contribute to the risk of liver cancer. We further found that these two SNPs (rs2294915 and rs2896019) were positively correlated with the prevalence rate. Positive associations with the prevalence rate were more frequent in East Asian and African populations. We highlight the utility of this population-specific PNPLA3 genetic variant for genetic association studies and for the early prognosis and treatment of liver cancer. This study highlights the potential of integrating genomic databases with bioinformatic analysis to identify genetic variations involved in the pathogenesis of liver cancer. The genetic variants investigated in this study are likely to predispose to liver cancer and could affect its progression and aggressiveness. We recommend future research prioritizing the validation of these variations in clinical settings. |
8,817 | skin cancer | 38,224,566 | Differential Distribution of the DNA-PKcs Inhibitor Peposertib Selectively Radiosensitizes Patient-derived Melanoma Brain Metastasis Xenografts. | Radioresistance of melanoma brain metastases limits the clinical utility of conventionally fractionated brain radiation in this disease, and strategies to improve radiation response could have significant clinical impact. The catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs) is critical for repair of radiation-induced DNA damage, and inhibitors of this kinase can have potent effects on radiation sensitivity. In this study, the radiosensitizing effects of the DNA-PKcs inhibitor peposertib were evaluated in patient-derived xenografts of melanoma brain metastases (M12, M15, M27). In clonogenic survival assays, peposertib augmented radiation-induced killing of M12 cells at concentrations ≥100 nmol/L, and a minimum of 16 hours exposure allowed maximal sensitization. This information was integrated with pharmacokinetic modeling to define an optimal dosing regimen for peposertib of 125 mpk dosed just prior to and 7 hours after irradiation. Using this drug dosing regimen in combination with 2.5 Gy × 5 fractions of radiation, significant prolongation in median survival was observed in M12-eGFP (104%; P = 0.0015) and M15 (50%; P = 0.03), while more limited effects were seen in M27 (16%, P = 0.04). These data support the concept of developing peposertib as a radiosensitizer for brain metastases and provide a paradigm for integrating in vitro and pharmacokinetic data to define an optimal radiosensitizing regimen for potent DNA repair inhibitors. |
8,818 | skin cancer | 38,224,427 | Multi-center retrospective review of vitiligo-like lesions in breast cancer patients treated with cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors. | Cutaneous adverse effects from cyclin-dependent 4 and 6 kinase inhibitors (CDK4/6i) used in metastatic breast cancer are prevalent and well described. Vitiligo-like lesions have been reported and are rare. They can negatively impact patients' quality of life and may be associated with survival benefits. We describe the clinical characteristics of vitiligo-like lesions in an international cohort of patients treated with CDK4/6i to help improve recognition and management. |
8,819 | skin cancer | 38,224,423 | Therapeutic Management of Malignant Wounds: An Update. | Malignant fungating wounds (MFW) are severe skin conditions generating tremendous distress in oncological patients with advanced cancer stages because of pain, malodor, exudation, pruritus, inflammation, edema, and bleeding. The classical therapeutic approaches such as surgery, opioids, antimicrobials, and application of different wound dressings are failing in handling pain, odor, and infection control, thus urgently requiring the development of alternative strategies. The aim of this review was to provide an update on the current therapeutic strategies and the perspectives on developing novel alternatives for better malignant wound management. The last decade screened literature evidenced an increasing interest in developing natural treatment alternatives based on beehive, plant extracts, pure vegetal compounds, and bacteriocins. Promising therapeutics can also be envisaged by involving nanotechnology due to either intrinsic biological activities or drug delivery properties of nanomaterials. Despite recent progress in the field of malignant wound care, the literature is still mainly based on in vitro and in vivo studies on small animal models, while the case reports and clinical trials (less than 10 and only one providing public results) remain scarce. Some innovative treatment approaches are used in clinical practice without prior extensive testing in fungating wound patients. Extensive research is urgently needed to fill this knowledge gap and translate the identified promising therapeutic approaches to more advanced testing stages toward creating multidimensional wound care strategies. |
8,820 | skin cancer | 38,224,405 | Simultaneous melanomas in the setting of multiple primary melanomas. | It is estimated that about 1-13% of melanoma patients will develop multiple primary melanomas. Although the occurrence of subsequent tumors has been described during the last few years, the development of simultaneous melanomas has not yet been extensively studied. We reviewed our registries to identify patients with multiple primary melanomas. We studied epidemiological, clinical, and histological characteristics of patients who were diagnosed with simultaneous melanomas and compared them with those of patients who developed non-synchronous multiple primary melanomas. As simultaneous were defined subsequent melanomas that were diagnosed either at the same visit or within a time-period of maximum of 1 month. Between 2000 and 2020, 2500 patients were diagnosed with melanoma at Andreas Syggros Hospital. 86 (3.4%) patients presented multiple primary melanomas and among them, 35 (40.7%) developed simultaneous melanomas. Patients with simultaneous melanomas developed more frequently more than 2 tumors. First tumors of patients with non-synchronous melanomas were significantly thicker than second tumors while those of patients with simultaneous melanomas did not differ significantly. Slight differences in the tumor localization, staging and histologic type were observed between the two groups. However significant differences were ascertained between first and second tumors in both groups. Simultaneous melanomas occupy an important proportion of multiple primary melanomas, affecting a non-negligible number of patients. Slight differences between simultaneous and non-synchronous multiple primary melanomas seem to define a distinct subcategory of multiple primary melanomas. |
8,821 | skin cancer | 38,224,383 | Comparison of skin dose in IMRT and VMAT with TrueBeam and Halcyon linear accelerator for whole breast irradiation. | With the increasing use of flattening filter free (FFF) beams, it is important to evaluate the impact on the skin dose and target coverage of breast cancer treatments. This study aimed to compare skin doses of treatments using FFF and flattening filter (FF) beams for breast cancer. The study established treatment plans for left breast of an anthropomorphic phantom using Halcyon's 6-MV FFF beam and TrueBeam's 6-MV FF beam. Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) with varying numbers of arcs and intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) were employed, and skin doses were measured at five points using Gafchromic EBT3 film. Each measurement was repeated three times, and averaged to reduce uncertainty. All plans were compared in terms of plan quality to ensure homogeneous target coverage. The study found that when using VMAT with two, four, and six arcs, in-field doses were 19%, 15%, and 6% higher, respectively, when using Halcyon compared to TrueBeam. Additionally, when using two arcs for VMAT, in-field doses were 10% and 15% higher compared to four and six arcs when using Halcyon. Finally, in-field dose from Halcyon using IMRT was about 1% higher than when using TrueBeam. Our research confirmed that when treating breast cancer with FFF beams, skin dose is higher than with traditional FF beams. Moreover, number of arcs used in VMAT treatment with FFF beams affects skin dose to the patient. To maintain a skin dose similar to that of FF beams when using Halcyon, it may be worth considering increasing the number of arcs. |
8,822 | skin cancer | 38,224,371 | Allogeneic transplantation and cellular therapies in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. | Mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sezary syndrome (SS) are the most common types of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Although many available treatments offer temporary disease control, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) is the only curative treatment option for advanced stage MF and SS. CAR T-cell therapy is a promising new avenue for treatment. |
8,823 | skin cancer | 38,224,358 | The effect of microRNA-9 overexpression on inhibition of melanoma cancer stem cells tumorigenicity. | Most of the studies have reported the downregulation of miR-9 in metastatic melanomas compared to primary tumors. They indicated that miR-9 negatively regulates the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by inhibiting SNAIL1 expression and consequently promotes CDH1 expression. Since the process of EMT is associated to stem cell features, it could be interesting to study the effect of miR-9 on melanoma cancer stem cells. In the present study, we examined the effects of miR-9 manipulation on the stemness potential of melanoma cells. Our data demonstrated that the overexpression of miR-9 in A375 and NA8 cells significantly inhibits the ability of proliferation, self-renewal, migration, and tumorigenicity of melanoma cells which was concomitant with changes in the level of BRAF , some EMT factors, and stemness genes. Likewise, the reduction of miR-9 levels led to an increase in cell proliferation, colony and sphere formation, and the ability of cell migration and tumorigenicity. In conclusion, our results specified the role of miR-9 as a tumor suppressor miRNA to inhibit many aspects of melanoma stem cells, and therefore, it could be a potential candidate for the suppression of melanoma growth and progression. |
8,824 | skin cancer | 38,224,262 | Vitamin D3 and its Potential to Ameliorate Chemical and Radiation-Induced Skin Injury During Cancer Therapy. | Skin injury and dermatitis are common complications following chemotherapy and radiation administration for cancer treatment. Symptomatic relief of these complications is limited to slow-acting therapies and often results in holding or modifying cancer therapy that may impact patient outcomes. The off-label use of oral high dose vitamin D3 has demonstrated rapid clinical improvement in skin inflammation and swelling in both chemotherapy and radiation-induced injury. Furthermore, vitamin D3 has been shown to downregulate pro-inflammatory pathways and cytokines, including NFkB, and CCL2, as well as CCL20, which are not only involved in tissue injury, but may confer resistance to cancer treatment. In this paper, we discuss 2 patients with acute radiation dermatitis and acute radiation recall dermatitis following chemotherapy who received 50 000 - 100 000 IU of oral high dose vitamin D3 with improvement in their symptoms. These findings may indicate the potential use of vitamin D as a therapeutic intervention and future target for studying skin healing following chemotherapy and/ or radiation-induced cutaneous toxicity. |
8,825 | skin cancer | 38,224,076 | Clinical and Histological Response to Talimogene Laherparepvec Therapy in Advanced Melanoma: Impact on Overall Survival. | Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) is an FDA-approved oncolytic herpesvirus therapy used for unresectable stage IIIB through IV metastatic melanoma. However, the correlation between clinical complete response (cCR) and pathologic complete response (pCR) in patients treated with T-VEC is understudied. |
8,826 | skin cancer | 38,223,680 | Photoacoustic imaging for cutaneous melanoma assessment: a comprehensive review. | Cutaneous melanoma (CM) has a high morbidity and mortality rate, but it can be cured if the primary lesion is detected and treated at an early stage. Imaging techniques such as photoacoustic (PA) imaging (PAI) have been studied and implemented to aid in the detection and diagnosis of CM. |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.