import numpy as np

#Creating sample array
arr = np.arange(0,11)

#Show
arr

"""
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NumPy Indexing and Selection
In this lecture we will discuss how to select elements or groups of elements from an array.
End of explanation
"""


#Get a value at an index
arr[8]

#Get values in a range
arr[1:5]

#Get values in a range
arr[0:5]

"""
Explanation: Bracket Indexing and Selection
The simplest way to pick one or some elements of an array looks very similar to python lists:
End of explanation
"""


#Setting a value with index range (Broadcasting)
arr[0:5]=100

#Show
arr

# Reset array, we'll see why I had to reset in  a moment
arr = np.arange(0,11)

#Show
arr

#Important notes on Slices
slice_of_arr = arr[0:6]

#Show slice
slice_of_arr

#Change Slice
slice_of_arr[:]=99

#Show Slice again
slice_of_arr

"""
Explanation: Broadcasting
Numpy arrays differ from a normal Python list because of their ability to broadcast:
End of explanation
"""


arr

"""
Explanation: Now note the changes also occur in our original array!
End of explanation
"""


#To get a copy, need to be explicit
arr_copy = arr.copy()

arr_copy

"""
Explanation: Data is not copied, it's a view of the original array! This avoids memory problems!
End of explanation
"""


arr_2d = np.array(([5,10,15],[20,25,30],[35,40,45]))

#Show
arr_2d

#Indexing row
arr_2d[1]


# Format is arr_2d[row][col] or arr_2d[row,col]

# Getting individual element value
arr_2d[1][0]

# Getting individual element value
arr_2d[1,0]

# 2D array slicing

#Shape (2,2) from top right corner
arr_2d[:2,1:]

#Shape bottom row
arr_2d[2]

#Shape bottom row
arr_2d[2,:]

"""
Explanation: Indexing a 2D array (matrices)
The general format is arr_2d[row][col] or arr_2d[row,col]. I recommend usually using the comma notation for clarity.
End of explanation
"""


arr = np.arange(1,11)
arr

arr > 4

bool_arr = arr>4

bool_arr

arr[bool_arr]

arr[arr>2]

x = 2
arr[arr>x]

"""
Explanation: More Indexing Help
Indexing a 2d matrix can be a bit confusing at first, especially when you start to add in step size. Try google image searching NumPy indexing to fins useful images, like this one:
<img src= 'http://memory.osu.edu/classes/python/_images/numpy_indexing.png' width=500/>
Conditional Selection
This is a very fundamental concept that will directly translate to pandas later on, make sure you understand this part!
Let's briefly go over how to use brackets for selection based off of comparison operators.
End of explanation
"""


