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25637376 | conclusions | We demonstrate , for the first time , the use of translational pupillometry in the context of receptor occupancy to identify a clinical dose of LY@ achieving maximal kappa opioid receptor occupancy without evidence of significant mu receptor antagonism . | 5 |
24992750 | objective | To compare the efficacy of an acupuncture regimen for persistent allergic rhinitis ( PER ) , aimed at improving a patient 's mind or Shen in Traditional Chinese Medicine , to that of a second-generation Hi-receptor antagonist , cetirizine hydrochloride . | 0 |
24992750 | methods | This multicenter , randomized , controlled clinical trial on PER will be conducted at three institutions in China . | 1 |
24992750 | methods | The total study period will be @ weeks . | 2 |
24992750 | methods | After a @-week preparatory screening period , @ eligible participants with PER will be randomized to receive acupuncture or pharmacotherapy ( @:@ ) for @ weeks with a @-week follow-up . | 3 |
24992750 | methods | The primary outcome will be changes in @-day average total nasal symptom score . | 4 |
24992750 | methods | Secondary outcome measures include rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire score and total non-nasal symptom score . | 5 |
24992750 | results | The presence and seriousness of psychological and emotional impairments should be considered in therapeutic programs for allergic rhinitis . | 6 |
24992750 | results | No clinical trial for treating allergic rhinitis via acupuncture regulation of psychological and emotional activities has been reported . | 7 |
24992750 | conclusions | The findings of the trial will allow us to determine the effects of the mind ( Shen ) - regulation treatment approach . | 8 |
24992750 | conclusions | We will also be able to confirm if the effects of acupuncture are equivalent to those of the conventional drug cetirizine hydrochloride . | 9 |
25516315 | background | Probiotics are microbial supplements that have shown efficacy in a wide range of applications . | 0 |
25516315 | background | To assess the safety and effects of enteral probiotics in critically ill neonates . | 1 |
25516315 | methods | A double-blind , randomized controlled trial was conducted in @ full-term infants with critical illness according to scores of neonatal acute physiology . | 2 |
25516315 | methods | Fifty neonatal intensive care patients were randomly assigned to receive probiotics three times daily after birth for @ days , and fifty patients were not given probiotics , but who received a placebo . | 3 |
25516315 | methods | The incidence of sepsis , multiple organ dysfunction syndrome ( MODS ) , nosocomial pneumonia , and necrotizing enterocolitis were recorded . | 4 |
25516315 | methods | The prognosis of probiotic treatment was determined based on the rate of recovery and hospital days . | 5 |
25516315 | methods | Serum IgA , IgG , and IgM concentrations were measured on days @ and @ . | 6 |
25516315 | results | Infants in the probiotics group showed a significantly reduced rate of nosocomial pneumonia ( @ % versus @ % ) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome ( @ % versus @ % ) compared with the placebo group ( p < @ ) . | 7 |
25516315 | results | Significant results were demonstrated in favour of the probiotics for days of hospital stay ( @ @ d versus @ @ d ) ( p < @ ) . | 8 |
25516315 | results | However , there were no significant differences in the occurrence of sepsis , necrotizing enterocolitis , and recovery rate . | 9 |
25516315 | results | Patients given probiotics had significantly greater levels of IgA than those in the placebo group ( p < @ ) . | 10 |
25516315 | results | No serious adverse effects in the study population were noted . | 11 |
25516315 | conclusions | Supplements of probiotics to critically ill neonates could enhance immune activity , decrease occurrence of nosocomial pneumonia and MODS , and reduce days in hospital . | 12 |
24275612 | background | Recently , there have been investigations that have targeted improving the relatively poor validity and reliability of attentional bias measures . | 0 |
24275612 | background | These studies have demonstrated that individuals show elevated attentional bias to stimuli associated with their drinking history , although to date , the predictive utility of these measures has yet to be assessed . | 1 |
24275612 | background | The current study aimed to investigate the predictive value of an individualised alcohol Stroop task compared to that of an alcohol Stroop task with general alcohol-related words in a sample of non-dependent undergraduate drinkers . | 2 |
24275612 | methods | @ undergraduate social drinkers completed questionnaire measures of alcohol consumption and hazardous drinking which were combined to get an alcohol involvement measure . | 3 |
24275612 | methods | Participants also completed three blocked format Stroop tasks , a control Stroop ( containing soft drink-related words ) , a general alcohol Stroop ( containing a mixture of alcohol-related words ) and an individualised Stroop that contained words relating to the participants ' favourite alcoholic drink . | 4 |
24275612 | results | Although there was no significant difference in participants ' performance across the three different Stroop tasks , only performance on the individualised Stroop was associated with alcohol involvement . | 5 |
24275612 | results | Notably , the individualised Stroop predicted variance in drinking after controlling for demographics and general alcohol Stroop performance . | 6 |
24275612 | conclusions | This study indicates that adopting individualised stimuli into attentional bias tasks may increase their predictive validity . | 7 |
25440796 | background | Following acute coronary syndrome ( ACS ) , the risk for future cardiovascular events is high and is related to levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C ) even within the setting of intensive statin treatment . | 0 |
25440796 | background | Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type @ ( PCSK@ ) regulates LDL receptor expression and circulating levels of LDL-C . | 1 |
25440796 | background | Antibodies to PCSK@ can produce substantial and sustained reductions of LDL-C . | 2 |
25440796 | background | The ODYSSEY Outcomes trial tests the hypothesis that treatment with alirocumab , a fully human monoclonal antibody to PCSK@ , improves cardiovascular outcomes after ACS . | 3 |
25440796 | methods | This Phase @ study will randomize approximately @,@ patients to receive biweekly injections of alirocumab ( @-@ mg ) or matching placebo beginning @ to @ months after an index hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction or unstable angina . | 4 |
25440796 | methods | Qualifying patients are treated with atorvastatin @ or @ mg daily , rosuvastatin @ or @ mg daily , or the maximum tolerated and approved dose of one of these agents and fulfill one of the following criteria : LDL-C @ mg/dL , non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol @ mg/dL , or apolipoprotein B @ mg/dL . | 5 |
25440796 | methods | The primary efficacy measure is time to first occurrence of coronary heart disease death , acute myocardial infarction , hospitalization for unstable angina , or ischemic stroke . | 6 |
25440796 | methods | The trial is expected to continue until @ primary end point events have occurred with minimum follow-up of at least @ years , providing @ % power to detect a @ % hazard reduction . | 7 |
25440796 | methods | Adverse events of special interest include allergic events and injection site reactions . | 8 |
25440796 | methods | Interim analyses are planned when approximately @ % and @ % of the targeted number of primary end points have occurred . | 9 |
25440796 | conclusions | ODYSSEY Outcomes will determine whether the addition of the PCSK@ antibody alirocumab to intensive statin therapy reduces cardiovascular morbidity and mortality after ACS . | 10 |
25926413 | background | Intrauterine growth restriction may be reduced by supplementing maternal diets during pregnancy , but few studies have assessed the impact of combined prenatal and postnatal interventions on child growth . | 0 |
25926413 | objective | We tested a hypothesis that provision of small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements ( SQ-LNSs ) to mothers in pregnancy and @ mo postpartum and to their infants from @ to @ mo of age would promote infant and child growth in the study area in rural Malawi . | 1 |
25926413 | methods | We enrolled @ pregnant women in a randomized trial in Malawi . | 2 |
25926413 | methods | During pregnancy and @ mo thereafter , the women received daily @ capsule of iron-folic acid ( IFA ) , @ capsule containing @ micronutrients ( MMN ) , or one @-g sachet of SQ-LNS -LSB- lipid-based nutrient supplements ( LNS ) , containing @ MMN , protein , carbohydrates , essential fatty acids , and @ kcal -RSB- . | 3 |
25926413 | methods | Children in the IFA and MMN groups received no supplementation ; children in the LNS group received SQ-LNSs from @ to @ mo. . | 4 |
25926413 | methods | Primary outcome was child length at @ mo. . | 5 |
25926413 | results | At @ mo , the mean length in the IFA , MMN , and LNS groups was @ , @ , and @ cm ( P = @ ) , respectively , and the prevalence of stunting was @ % , @ % , and @ % ( P = @ ) , respectively . | 6 |
25926413 | results | No intergroup differences were found in the mean weight , head circumference , or midupper arm circumference or the proportions with low z scores for these variables ( P > @ ) . | 7 |
25926413 | results | Covariate adjustment did not change the analysis results , and the associations between the intervention and child length were not modified by maternal parity , age , or nutritional status ( P > @ ) . | 8 |
25926413 | conclusions | The findings do not support a hypothesis that provision of SQ-LNSs to women in pregnancy and postpartum and to children from @ to @ mo of age would promote child growth in this Malawian study area . | 9 |
25926413 | conclusions | This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT@ . | 10 |
25265770 | background | Femoral nerve block ( FNB ) with varying concentrations of bupivacaine is often used for postoperative analgesia after anterior cruciate ligament ( ACL ) reconstruction . | 0 |
25265770 | objective | To determine whether FNB using @ % or @ % bupivacaine provided better analgesia with less effect on quadriceps strengths after ACL reconstruction . | 1 |
25265770 | methods | One hundred patients were randomized to receive FNB with @ mL of @ % or @ % bupivacaine . | 2 |
25265770 | methods | Data regarding demographic , effectiveness of FNB , time to first pain , time to first analgesic , pain scores , morphine use , and recovery of sensory and motor function were recorded . | 3 |
25265770 | results | Median time to first morphine requirement was @ hours in @ % bupivacaine group and @ hours in @ % bupivacaine group ( p = @ ) . | 4 |
25265770 | results | Pain score at @ hours was lower in @ % bupivacaine group compared with @ % bupivacaine group ( p = @ ) . | 5 |
25265770 | results | When specify to the patellar tendon graft subgroup , the patients requiring morphine were @ % in @ % bupivacaine group and @ % in @ % bupivacaine group ( p = @ ) . | 6 |
25265770 | results | No differences were found in demographic data , effectiveness of FNB , time to first pain , morphine consumption , and recovery of sensorimotor function . | 7 |
25265770 | conclusions | FNB with @ % bupivacaine provided longer time to first analgesic and lower narcotic requirements after patellar tendon graft ACL reconstruction when compared to @ % bupivacaine . | 8 |
25265770 | conclusions | Both concentrations showed similar effect on quadriceps strengths . | 9 |
25908281 | objective | To establish a preoperative deep venous thrombosis predictor score for patients with fresh lower extremity fractures by statistical analysis . | 0 |
25908281 | methods | From January @ to December @ , @ @ patients with fresh lower extremity fractures were admitted to department of orthopaedic trauma , Beijing Jishuitan Hospital . | 1 |
25908281 | methods | They were randomly divided into two groups , the group @ ( n = @ ) was used to screen risk factors and derived a predictive models based on logistic regression , the group @ ( n = @ ) validated the models . | 2 |
25908281 | results | Among the patients , there were @ @ male and @ female patients , with an average age of ( @ @ ) years.Variables related to preoperative deep venous thrombosis were age , length of time before surgery , cause of injury , low/high-energy injury , location of injury , history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases , and D-Dimer . | 3 |
25908281 | results | The scores based on OR were : age @ years : @ point , > @ - < @ years : @ points , @ years : @ points ; length of time before surgery , < @ days :@ point , @ days :@ points ; low-energy injury :@ point , high energy injury :@ points ; location of injury , foot and ankle :@ point , calf :@ points , around the knee : @ points , femoral diaphysis and proximal femur :@ points , pelvis and acetabulum :@ points , @ sites :@ point ; history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases , yes :@ points , no :@ point . | 4 |
25908281 | results | D-Dimer < @ g/L :@ point , @ g/L :@ points . | 5 |
25908281 | results | Area under receiver operating characteristic curve was @ , critical point @ points , sensitivity was @ % , specificity was @ % . | 6 |
25908281 | conclusions | The score can predict the preoperative deep venous thrombosis for patients with fresh lower extremity fractures , but limited . | 7 |
24342265 | objective | To investigate if baseline depression moderated response to Media Smart , an @-lesson school-based program previously found to achieve a long-term risk reduction effect in young adolescents . | 0 |
24342265 | methods | @ Grade @ students ( M age = @ years , SD = @ ) from @ schools participated with @ classes receiving the Media Smart program ( @ girls ; @ boys ) and @ comparison classes receiving their normal lessons ( @ girls ; @ boys ) . | 1 |
24342265 | methods | Shape and weight concern , media internalization , body dissatisfaction , dieting , ineffectiveness , and perceived pressure were the outcome variables . | 2 |
24342265 | results | Moderation was indicated by significant interaction effects for group ( Media Smart ; Control ) moderator ( high depression ; low depression ) time ( post-program ; @-month follow-up ; @-year follow-up ) , with baseline entered as a covariate . | 3 |
24342265 | results | Such effects were found for shape and weight concern , media internalization , body dissatisfaction , ineffectiveness and perceived pressure . | 4 |
24342265 | results | Post-hoc testing found high depression Media Smart participants scored significantly lower than their control counterparts at post-program on shape and weight concern , media internalization and dieting , whereas low depression Media Smart participants scored significantly lower on shape and weight concern at @-year follow-up . | 5 |
24342265 | conclusions | Media Smart achieved a reduction in eating disorder risk factors for high-depression participants and a reduced rate of growth in risk factor scores for low-depression participants . | 6 |
24342265 | conclusions | Trial registry name : Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry . | 7 |
24342265 | conclusions | URL : http://www.anzctr.org.au . | 8 |
24342265 | conclusions | Registration identification number : ACTRN@ . | 9 |
24824900 | objective | The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of early outpatient exercise on muscle mass , function , and fractional synthetic rate in severely burned children . | 0 |
24824900 | methods | Forty-seven children with @ % total body surface area burn performed a @-wk standard of care rehabilitation ( SOC , n = @ ) or rehabilitative exercise training ( RET , n = @ ) immediately after hospital discharge . | 1 |
24824900 | methods | Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to assess lean body mass ( LBM ) at discharge , posttreatment , and @ months post-burn . | 2 |
24824900 | methods | Muscle function was evaluated with a Biodex Isokinetic Dynamometer , and peak aerobic fitness ( VO@peak ) was measured using a modified Bruce treadmill protocol posttreatment . | 3 |
24824900 | methods | Stable isotope infusion studies were performed in a subset of patients ( SOC , n = @ ; RET , n = @ ) at discharge and posttreatment to determine mixed-muscle fractional synthetic rate . | 4 |
24824900 | results | Relative peak torque ( RET , @ @ Nmkg , vs SOC , @ @ Nmkg ) and VO@peak ( RET , @ @ mLkgmin , vs SOC , @ @ mLkgmin ) were greater at posttreatment with RET compared with those with SOC . | 5 |
24824900 | results | In addition , RET increased whole-body ( @ % @ % ) and leg ( @ % @ % ) LBM compared with SOC . | 6 |
24824900 | results | Furthermore , the percentage change in whole-body ( @ % @ % ) and leg ( @ % @ % ) LBM from discharge to @ months post-burn was greater with RET compared to SOC . | 7 |
24824900 | results | Muscle fractional synthetic rate decreased from discharge to posttreatment in both groups ( @ % @ % per day vs @ @ % per day ) ; however , no differences were observed between treatment groups at each time point . | 8 |
24824900 | conclusions | Early outpatient exercise training implemented at hospital discharge represents an effective intervention to improve muscle mass and function after severe burn injury . | 9 |
24425420 | background | This study compared generalized complex fractionated atrial electrograms ( CFAE ) ablation versus a selective CFAE ablation strategy targeting areas of continuous electric activity . | 0 |
24425420 | results | Subjects with symptomatic , persistent/high-burden paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ( AF ) were enrolled at @ centers ( n = @ ) and randomized to @ of @ arms . | 1 |
24425420 | results | For group I , all CFAE regions with an interval confidence level > @ were ablated followed by pulmonary vein isolation ( PVI ) . | 2 |
24425420 | results | For group II , only CFAE sites with continuous electric activity were ablated followed by PVI . | 3 |
24425420 | results | For PVI , all @ PV antra were isolated with confirmed entrance block . | 4 |
24425420 | results | Subjects were followed for @ year with a visit , ECG , and @-hour Holter every @ months . | 5 |
24425420 | results | Symptoms were confirmed by loop recording . | 6 |
24425420 | results | The primary end point was freedom from arrhythmia > @ seconds at @ year . | 7 |
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