id
int64 39
11.1M
| section
stringlengths 3
4.51M
| length
int64 2
49.9k
| title
stringlengths 1
182
| chunk_id
int64 0
68
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
10,145,142 |
# Puschendorf
**Puschendorf** (East Franconian: *Buschn-doaf)* is a municipality in the district of Fürth in Bavaria in Germany
| 18 |
Puschendorf
| 0 |
10,145,146 |
# Deursen-Dennenburg
**Deursen-Dennenburg** is a village in the Dutch province of North Brabant. It is located in the municipality of Oss, about 8 km northeast of Oss itself. The village was formed from two former villages: the main part consists of Deursen, and the western end of the village used to be called Dennenburg.
\"Deursen en Dennenburg\" was a separate municipality until 1923, when it was merged with Ravenstein
| 69 |
Deursen-Dennenburg
| 0 |
10,145,161 |
# Diessen
**Diessen** is a village in the Dutch province of North Brabant. It is located in the municipality of Hilvarenbeek.
## History
The village was first mentioned in 380 as Deusone, and relates to the Dieze River. The etymology is unclear. Diessen developed in the Early Middle Ages around the Reusel stream.
The St Willibrordus church, with a choir from the early-15th century, had a nave from around 1450. The tower was probably built in 1527. The church was restored between 1970 and 1973, and some of the 19th century modifications have been undone.
Diessen was home to 1,003 people in 1840. Diessen was a separate municipality until 1997, when it was merged with Hilvarenbeek.
Diessen is hypothesized to be the birthplace *Deusone* of the Gallic Emperor Postumus.
## Gallery
<File:Heuvelstraat> 1, aanzicht - Diessen - 20057387 - RCE.jpg\|Villa in Diessen <File:Julianastraat> 29, Diessen
| 145 |
Diessen
| 0 |
10,145,169 |
# Seukendorf
**Seukendorf** is a municipality in the district of Fürth in Bavaria in Germany
| 15 |
Seukendorf
| 0 |
10,145,181 |
# Brian Perry (ice hockey)
**Brian Thomas Perry** (April 6, 1944 -- January 16, 2023) was a British-born Canadian professional ice hockey left wing. He played in the National Hockey League with the Oakland Seals and Buffalo Sabres, as well as in the World Hockey Association with the New York Raiders, New York Golden Blades, Jersey Knights, and San Diego Mariners. Perry was born in Aldershot, England, but grew up in Kirkland Lake, Ontario.
In his NHL career, Perry played in 96 games, scoring 16 goals and adding 29 assists. In the WHA, he played in 145 games, scoring 33 goals and adding 31 assists. The highlight of Brian\'s NHL career came on 19 February 1969. Playing for the Oakland Seals, Brian scored a hat trick in a 5--2 victory over the Chicago Blackhawks in Oakland.
Perry died on January 16, 2023, at the age of 78
| 147 |
Brian Perry (ice hockey)
| 0 |
10,145,193 |
# Dieden, Demen en Langel
**Dieden, Demen en Langel** is a former municipality in the Dutch province of North Brabant. It is now part of the municipality of Oss. The municipality covered the three villages Dieden, Demen, and Neerlangel (then just called \"Langel\"), located on the left bank of the Maas.
Dieden, Demen en Langel was a separate municipality until 1923, when it was merged with Ravenstein
| 67 |
Dieden, Demen en Langel
| 0 |
10,145,203 |
# Pius Segmüller
**Pius Segmüller** (born 8 March 1952) is a Swiss politician and former commander of the Swiss Guard in the Vatican City (1998-2002). Segmüller was appointed Commander of the Swiss Guard following the death of Alois Estermann.
Segmüller took office on 1 August 1998, nearly three months after the tragic events of May 4, when Commander Alois Estermann, his wife, and a young Swiss Guard from Valais named Cédric Tornay died. He became the 32nd Commander of the Swiss Guard.
Born in Emmen in the canton of Lucerne, Segmüller is originally from Altstätten in the Canton of St. Gallen. He was named an honorary citizen of Randa in the canton of Valais for his service during a local disaster. Prior to his Vatican appointment, he was a practicing Catholic in the parish of Burgdorf in the canton of Bern.
Segmüller studied to become a secondary school teacher at the University of Zurich before attending the military academy at the Federal Polytechnic School of Zurich (1980 and 1985). He also completed staff courses in Bern and at the Swiss Police Institute in Neuchâtel (1995 and 1996). He spent 13 years as a career military officer in rescue troops before returning to civilian status. Before being appointed by Pope John Paul II, he worked at the Bern Canton Security Office as the head of training and disaster response.
A multilingual officer, Segmüller speaks native German, fluent French, and has knowledge of English and Italian. His experience with both German and French-speaking soldiers came from commanding a mixed rescue battalion and later a hospital regiment in Valais. He is married to a Protestant woman and is the father of two children. In an interview following his appointment, Segmüller stated that he viewed his position not merely as a professional challenge but as a vocation aligned with his faith.
In 2002, he was succeeded by Elmar Mäder, who had served as his vice-commander since August 1, 1998, and became head of the police of the city of Lucerne (2002--2006). In October 2007, Segmüller was elected to the Swiss National Council as a member of the Christian Democratic People\'s Party (CVP/PDC) from the Canton of Lucerne. In 2011 Swiss federal election he was not re-elected. He is currently Director of Security for the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA)
| 386 |
Pius Segmüller
| 0 |
10,145,214 |
# Tuchenbach
**Tuchenbach** is a municipality in the district of Fürth in Bavaria in Germany.
## Geography
Tuchenbach is located about 20 Kilometer west of Nuremberg. The closest villages are Obermichelbach, Veitsbronn, Puschendorf and the town of Herzogenaurach. The altitude is 345 Meters. The area of Tuchenbach is 6.50 km^2^
## History
Tuchenbach was first officially mentioned in 1284.
## Population
The population was 1226 on 30 June 2007. The density is 184/m^2^.
## Politics
**Town Council**
The Town Council has 13 members, including the mayor. The \"Interessengemeinschaft Tuchenbach\" has 8 seats, the SPD has 1 seats and the \"Wählergemeinschaft Tuchenbach\" has 3 seats (Election 2008).
**Mayor**
Leonhard Eder (Interessensgemeinschaft) was elected mayor on 3 March 2002 with 61.8%. He was re-elected on 2 March 2008 with 73.8%, and again in 2014 and 2020.
## Church
The \"Friedenskirche\" (Peace Church) including a cemetery was opened in 2000.
## Sport clubs {#sport_clubs}
**Sportfreunde Tuchenbach**
The Sportreunde Tuchenbach have soccer teams, gym, archery, cycling and Ping-Pong.
**Tennisclub Tuchenbach**
The tennis club was founded is 1977 and it has 4 clay courts.
## Different
The ZIP-Code is 90587. The Area Code is 0911
| 190 |
Tuchenbach
| 0 |
10,145,217 |
# Randy Vataha
**Randel Edward Vataha**, (born December 4, 1948) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver for seven seasons in the National Football League (NFL), primarily with the New England Patriots. He played college football for the Stanford Indians (now Cardinal). Vataha was selected in the 17th round of the 1971 NFL draft and spent the first six years of his NFL career with New England. He finished his career after a season with the Green Bay Packers.
## Early life {#early_life}
Born in Santa Monica, California, Vataha lettered in four sports at Rancho Alamitos High School in Garden Grove; he was a quarterback in football and graduated `{{nowrap|in 1967.<ref name=olnwus>{{cite web|url=http://apps.olin.wustl.edu/conf/OSBS/Files/pdf/RandyV.pdf |publisher=[[Washington University in St. Louis]] |location=(St. Louis, Missouri) |agency=[[Olin Business School]]|title=Randy Vataha: President, Game Plan LLC |access-date=January 7, 2019}}</ref>}}`{=mediawiki}
## College career {#college_career}
Vataha made the transition to wide receiver at Golden West Junior College in `{{nowrap|[[Huntington Beach, California|Huntington Beach]],<ref name=olnwus/>}}`{=mediawiki} then transferred up the coast to Stanford of the Pacific-8 Conference in 1969 under head coach John Ralston and became one of quarterback Jim Plunkett\'s favorite receiving targets. As seniors in 1970, they connected on a 96-yard touchdown `{{nowrap|pass,<ref name=leadymk>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=clRWAAAAIBAJ&sjid=lu0DAAAAIBAJ&pg=6700%2C1227299 |work=Spokesman-Review |location=(Spokane, Washington) |last=Missildine |first=Harry |title=Passin' Jim Plunkett sets yardage mark, leads Stanford rout |date=October 18, 1970 |page=1, sports}}</ref><ref name=sbmbscoug>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ALFeAAAAIBAJ&sjid=pS8MAAAAIBAJ&pg=3985%2C3631342 |work=Lewiston Morning Tribune |location=(Idaho) |last=Vogt |first=Tom |title=Stanford bombs Cougars 63–13 |date=October 18, 1970 |page=13}}</ref><ref name=irwsu >{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=TKlVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=4uADAAAAIBAJ&pg=4926%2C3553771 |work=Eugene Register-Guard |location=(Oregon) |agency=Associated Press |title=Indians rout WSU, 63–16 |date=October 18, 1970 |page=4B}}</ref>}}`{=mediawiki} a Stanford record which stood until 1999 (by a 98-yard pass from Joe Borchard to Troy Walters).
At the end of that season, Vataha scored the last touchdown in Stanford\'s `{{nowrap|27–17}}`{=mediawiki} upset of #2 Ohio State in the Rose Bowl, a ten-yard pass from Plunkett with eight minutes `{{nowrap|remaining;<ref name=mswapo>{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=_odQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=uhEEAAAAIBAJ&pg=7544%2C563063 |work=Milwaukee Sentinel |agency=(Washington Post) |last=Turran |first=Kenneth |title=Stanford jars Buckeyes, 27–17 |date=January 2, 1971 |page=1, part 2 }}</ref><ref name=cdnserv>{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=uxNJAAAAIBAJ&sjid=WYMMAAAAIBAJ&pg=851%2C301677 |work=Youngstown Vindicator |location=(Ohio) |agency=(Chicago Daily News Service) |last=Sons |first=Ray |title=Stanford upsets Ohio State in Rose Bowl, 27–17 |date=January 2, 1971 |page=11}}</ref><ref name=skppr>{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=xdIbAAAAIBAJ&sjid=K1EEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4903%2C34860 |work=Pittsburgh Press |agency=UPI |title=Stanford shakes up Buckeyes |date=January 2, 1971 |page=6}}</ref><ref name=subcy>{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=ZuVVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=5-ADAAAAIBAJ&pg=6080%2C196338 |work=Eugene Register-Guard |location=(Oregon) |agency=Associated Press |title=Stanford upsets Buckeyes, 27–17 |date=January 2, 1971 |page=1B}}</ref><ref name=sivodssn>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.si.com/vault/1971/01/11/554230/the-oneday-season|magazine=Sports Illustrated |last=Jenkins |first=Dan |author-link=Dan Jenkins |title=The one-day season |date=January 11, 1971 |page=10}}</ref>}}`{=mediawiki} both are members of the Stanford Athletic Hall of Fame. Plunkett won the Heisman Trophy and was the first pick of the 1971 NFL draft; Stanford climbed to eighth in the final AP poll with a `{{nowrap|9–3 record.<ref name=nwtvanb>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=aeVVAAAAIBAJ&sjid=5-ADAAAAIBAJ&pg=6696%2C868378 |work=Eugene Register-Guard|location=(Oregon)|title=Nebraska wins the vote as nation's best college club|last=Thomas|first=Ben|agency=Associated Press|date=January 5, 1971|page=3B}}</ref>}}`{=mediawiki}
Vataha was nicknamed \"Rabbit\" for his moves on the field and worked one summer at Disneyland in costume as one of the `{{nowrap|[[Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film)|Seven Dwarfs]] (Bashful).<ref name=ptsrbt>{{cite news|url=https://www.si.com/vault/1975/09/29/606792/pats-rabbit-who-turned-tiger |magazine=Sports Illustrated |last=Reid |first=Ron |title=Pats' Rabbit who turned tiger |date=September 29, 1975 |page=56}}</ref>}}`{=mediawiki}
## NFL career {#nfl_career}
Vataha was selected in the 17th round of that NFL draft (418th overall) by the Los Angeles Rams. Released in training camp, he was signed as a free agent by the New England Patriots, where he was reunited with Plunkett. He was named to UPI\'s AFC all-rookie team in `{{nfly|1971}}`{=mediawiki} and played six seasons with the Patriots. Vataha caught 178 receptions for 3,055 yards. He also had 23 touchdown receptions while with the Patriots. He was waived by the Patriots before the start of the 1977 season and signed with the Green Bay Packers. He ended his career with the Green Bay Packers `{{nowrap|in [[1977 Green Bay Packers season|1977]].<ref name=mjbow>{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=S10aAAAAIBAJ&sjid=fCkEAAAAIBAJ&pg=2899%2C2028987 |work=Milwaukee Journal |last=Kupper |first=Mike |title=New Packer Vataha plays ball off the wall |date=September 23, 1977 |page=19}}</ref>}}`{=mediawiki}
Vataha, along with Stanley Morgan, was one of two wide receivers named to the New England Patriots 1970's All-Decade Team.
## NFL career statistics {#nfl_career_statistics}
Legend
----------
**Bold**
Year Team Games
------ ------ -------- --------
GP GS Rec Yds
1971 NWE **14** 13
1972 NWE **14** **14**
1973 NWE **14** 4
1974 NWE 12 10
1975 NWE **14** **14**
1976 NWE 12 8
1977 GNB 6 3
86 66
| 689 |
Randy Vataha
| 0 |
10,145,217 |
# Randy Vataha
## After football {#after_football}
After retiring from football, Vataha was a founding member of the United States Football League (USFL) in 1983, owning 50% of the Boston Breakers. He is now the president of Game Plan LLC, a company that specializes in the buying and selling of professional `{{nowrap|sports teams.<ref name=olnwus/><ref name=sivmbr>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.si.com/vault/2000/02/21/274562/marriage-broker-randy-vataha-will-help-you-buy-a-team-or-sell-it |magazine=Sports Illustrated |last=Wertheim |first=L. Jon |title=Marriage broker Randy Vataha will help you buy a team or sell it |agency=(Scorecard) |date=February 21, 2000 |page=30}}</ref><ref name="patriots">{{cite web
|title = Randy Vataha – Official New England Patriots Biography
|work = New England Patriots website
|url = http://www.patriots.com/alumni/index.cfm?ac=alumnibiosdetail&bio=11400
|access-date = 2007-03-19
|url-status = dead
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060428094137/http://www.patriots.com/alumni/index
| 109 |
Randy Vataha
| 1 |
10,145,224 |
# Dinteloord en Prinsenland
**Dinteloord en Prinsenland** is a former municipality in the Dutch province of North Brabant, now part of the municipality of Steenbergen. The main town of the municipality was Dinteloord.
Dinteloord en Prinsenland was a separate municipality until 1997
| 42 |
Dinteloord en Prinsenland
| 0 |
10,145,242 |
# Veitsbronn
**Veitsbronn** is a municipality in the district of Fürth in Bavaria in Germany
| 15 |
Veitsbronn
| 0 |
10,145,262 |
# Wilhermsdorf
Wilhelmsdorf}}
**Wilhermsdorf** is a municipality in the district of Fürth in Bavaria in Germany. As of 2020 it has a population of 5,479. It is twinned with Feld am See in Austria and Jahnsdorf, also in Germany
| 39 |
Wilhermsdorf
| 0 |
10,145,265 |
# Dinther
**Dinther** is a village in the Dutch province of North Brabant. It is located in the municipality of Bernheze.
Dinther was a separate municipality and town until 1969, when it merged with Heeswijk to form the new municipality of Heeswijk-Dinther. Since the municipal merger, the two towns started to share a marketplace and center. Today the towns form the greater town of Heeswijk-Dinther.
## Etymology
The settlement now known as Dinther initially appears as *Dinthre* in a document from 1139. The name has an Old Frankish origin and is a composition of the words \"Dint\" and \"haar\". \"Dint\" (or \"dent\") means \"dent\" or \"dented\" usually it implies a landscape with rolling heights. \"Haar\" is an old Dutch word for a long-stretched sand dune. There lies a long stretched sand dune between the city of Berlicum and Veghel to the north of Dinther. It seems correct to translate Dinther as: \"dented long stretched sand dune\" (source: \"Grepen uit de geschiedenis van Dinther 1139--1989\", J. van der Leest). The current landscape though is green and does not show any signs of dunes or sand.
## History
In the early Middle Ages the first acres were cultivated out of fertile woodlands along the river \"Aa\". In the early Middle Ages Dinther was part of a free territory governed by the Lords of Dinther; as were the nearby towns of Heeswijk and Boxtel.
In 1196 half of this territory was granted in use by Knight Albert van Dinther to the Lord of Cuijk. The Lord of Cuijk granted the use to the Duke of Brabant. The Lords of Dinther probably resided in a stronghold on an artificial hill called \"Ter Borch\". This stronghold was most likely situated near the river Aa, to the south of Dinther.
In 1388 the other half of this territory was granted in use by \"Willem van der Aa\" to \"Duchess Johanna van Brabant\", which turned it into a part of the Duchy of Brabant. Dinther was part of the Meierij of \'s-Hertogenbosch one of the four administrative parts of the Duchy of Brabant. In 1352 Dinther became an acknowledged town when \"Jan van Benthem\", Lord of Dinther, granted the inhabitants of the parish the use of the land. In the 14th century the residence of the Lords of Dinther moved from \"Ter Borch\" to the estate of \"Ten Bogaerde\". This was situated near the castle Avestein. Avestein was torn down in 1807.
After the end of the Protestant Reformation in 1648 Dinther became part of the States of Brabant for the \"Meierij van \'s-Hertogenbosch\" became part of the States of Brabant. The Protestants repressed the catholic faith in Dinther until 1795. Repressing is a strong term. In reality a manner of coexisting between Catholics and Protestants was daily practice. The administrative and political power though remained in the hands of the Protestants.
In 1795 the French invaded the Dutch Republic and \"freedom of faith\" is restored in Dinther. In 1814 Dinther becomes a part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
## The village {#the_village}
Dinther has never been a significant town but was still a fairly large village. Dinther is situated next to a ford in the river Aa like Heeswijk and Veghel. The centre of Dinther is situated around the church. During the ages several houses or housing blocks have been added to the village. In essence the village is still a rural farm town. There is some industrial activity in an area called \"Retsel\".
## Sights in Dinther {#sights_in_dinther}
- The *Killdonk Mill* . A rare water and wind mill combination. Restored in 2009.
- *Manor Zwanenburg*; a fortified house from the Middle Ages (14th century).
- The *Saint Servatius church*; a monument from 1877 restored in 2006.
- The *Protestant Church* from 1843.
| 629 |
Dinther
| 0 |
10,145,265 |
# Dinther
## Landscape
The presence of the river Aa, subsidiaries as Leijgraaf and Oudebeek formed the landscape of Dinther; a typical river landscape. Since Dinther is situated in the Aa valley inundation was a fact of life for the early inhabitants. This caused a lot of damage to cattle and acres. The danger of inundation was removed when the river Aa was forced into a canal
| 67 |
Dinther
| 1 |
10,145,287 |
# Norra Fäladen
**Norra Fäladen** is a city district in Lund, Sweden. Most parts of Norra Fäladen were built during the 1960s and 1970s, when there was an extensive program for building new apartments throughout Sweden, called the Million Programme
| 40 |
Norra Fäladen
| 0 |
10,145,303 |
# Peter I. Chang
**Peter I. Chang** (born 1973) is a Taiwanese-born mixed-media artist, illustrator, and filmmaker. He has often collaborated with the author Mitch Cullin who is also his domestic partner.
In 2004, Chang and Cullin established Workshop Lo-Vi in order to \"create quality film projects with little or no budget, utilizing as few accessories as possible, and cobbling the finished product together with tools/equipment that are easily available to anyone.\"
In a 2006 review of Chang\'s documentary *Life in G-Chord*, The Santa Fe New Mexican praised Chang\'s \"simple camerawork\" and the \"whimsical touches\" the director used in the film, further stating that \"Chang makes good sense of the film's endless supply of still photography and old footage through playful collage and editing.\"
Chang\'s digital short *Regina Monologue*, which features Cullin and was shot in Canada during the production of Terry Gilliam\'s Tideland, is included as an easter egg on Disc 2 of the UK DVD release of the film.
*I Want to Destroy America*, a documentary about the Japanese street musician Hisao Shinagawa, was officially released on DVD by Pathfinder Pictures in the summer of 2008.
In 2008, Chang\'s second full-length documentary *Tokyo is Dreaming* was completed, a non-narrative project that depicts Japan\'s capital during a 24-hour time period. The film received its world premiere at the 5th Berwick Film Festival in 2009. In an overview of the festival written in *Empire*, film critic David Parkinson described the film as \"an astute and assured tableau that\'s compellingly counterpointed by a score by Calexico\'s John Convertino
| 257 |
Peter I. Chang
| 0 |
10,145,311 |
# Nick Kotz
**Nathan K.** \"**Nick**\" **Kotz** (September 16, 1932 -- April 26, 2020) was an American journalist, author, and historian.
His most recent book, *The Harness Makers Dream: Nathan Kallison and the Rise of South Texas*, tells the story of Ukrainian immigrant Nathan Kallison\'s journey to the United States. He is best known for his 2005 book *Judgment Days: Lyndon Baines Johnson, Martin Luther King Jr., and the Laws that Changed America* chronicling the roles of US President Lyndon B. Johnson and Martin Luther King Jr. in the passage of the 1964, 1965, and 1968 civil rights laws. Kotz won a Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting in 1968 for his reporting of unsanitary conditions in many meat packing plants, which helped ensure the passage of the Wholesome Meat Act.
## Life
Kotz was born in San Antonio, Texas. As a reporter for the *Des Moines Register* and the *Washington Post*, and as a freelance writer, Nick Kotz won many of journalism\'s most important honors, including the Sigma Delta Chi Award for Washington correspondence, the Raymond Clapper Memorial Award, and the first Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Award.
His study of American military leadership won the National Magazine Award for public service.
His book *Wild Blue Yonder: Money, Politics, and the B-1 Bomber* won the Olive Branch Award.
Kotz\'s other books include *A Passion For Equality: George Wiley and the Movement* (with Mary Lynn Kotz); *Let Them Eat Promises: The Politics of Hunger*; and *The Unions* (with Haynes Johnson).
A *magna cum laude* graduate of Dartmouth College, Kotz did graduate study in international relations at the London School of Economics.
After college, he served as a lieutenant in the United States Marine Corps. Committed to education, he served as a distinguished adjunct professor at the American University School of Communications and as a Senior Journalist in Residence, for a semester, at Duke University. He was married to Mary Lynn Kotz, a journalist and author of *Rauschenberg: Art and Life*; and co-author of *Upstairs at the White House: My Life With the First Ladies*. Their son, Jack Mitchell Kotz, is a photographer.
Kotz died in April 2020 as a result of an accident involving his automobile at his home.
## Works
- *Let them eat promises: the politics of hunger in America*, Doubleday Anchor books, 1971
- *A Passion for Equality: George A. Wiley and the Movement*, W. W
| 397 |
Nick Kotz
| 0 |
10,145,329 |
# Vision Crew Unlimited
**Vision Crew Unlimited** (VCU) was a motion picture and TV commercial visual effects company founded in 1994 by visual effects artists Evan Jacobs, Jon Warren and Douglas Miller. The company later expanded into a full service visual effects firm.
In 1996, VCU contributed miniature effects to James Cameron\'s film *Titanic*. While they were initially hired as a subcontractor to lead effects house Digital Domain, VCU was ultimately hired directly by 20th Century Fox to build miniatures for the engine room sequence as well. In an interesting coincidence later that same year, the company was contracted to work on a CBS TV miniseries with the same name.
While the company worked on many feature films, they were much more prolific in the television commercial market, and worked on over forty spots in eight years. Their work was featured in ads for the majority of car brands as well as Coca-Cola, Pizza Hut, and Geico.
In 1998, Jacobs and John Hoffman were nominated for an Emmy Award for Outstanding Special Visual Effects for a Miniseries representing VCU\'s work on HBO\'s \"From the Earth to the Moon\".
Vision Crew closed in April 2002. The company attributed its shutdown to a difficult business climate and the founders\' interest in pursuing other projects and opportunities.
## Credits
### Feature films {#feature_films}
- *The Mummy*
- *Dinosaur*
- *Jack Frost*
- *Armageddon*
- *Species II*
- *Mortal Kombat Annihilation*
- *Flubber*
- *Dante\'s Peak*
- *The Fifth Element*
- *Titanic*
- *The Arrival*
- *Kazaam*
- *Space Jam*
- *Sometimes They Come Back\...Again*
### Episodic and long-form television {#episodic_and_long_form_television}
- *Monday Night Football* graphics
- *Star Trek: Voyager* episode \"The Killing Game\"
- *From The Earth To The Moon*
- *The Outer Limits* \"To Tell the Truth\"
- *Tower of Terror*
- *Tempting Fate*
- *A Wing and a Prayer*
- *Titanic (miniseries)*
### Television commercials {#television_commercials}
+------------------------------------+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| Saint Paul Insurance \"Boat\" | Dodge \"Truckville\" | Buick \"Igor\" |
+------------------------------------+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| Ford Explorer \"Geyser\" | Evolution Trailer | Chrysler \"Bridge\" |
+------------------------------------+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| Oscar Mayer \"Kid Kong\" | UUNet \"Tower\" & \"Train\" | Motomaster\ |
+------------------------------------+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| Dodge \"Diesel\" | Anti-Smoking \"Stereo Kid\" PSA | Sony PlayStation \"Access Granted\" |
+------------------------------------+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| Hyundai \"Expand\" | Mercedes print ad | Jeep \"Hand\" |
+------------------------------------+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| Toyota \"Tundra\" | Lexus \"Fly\" | Dodge \"Saw\" |
+------------------------------------+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| Land Rover print ad | Zyrtec \"Apartment\" & \"Attic\" | Garlic Tabasco \"Vampire\" |
+------------------------------------+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| Mercedes \"Performance\" | Anti-Smoking PSA \"50 Ways\" | Lexus \"High Bank\" & \"Hanger\" |
+------------------------------------+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| Mazda \"Transmission\" | Zyrtec \"Power\" | Mighty Mighty Bosstones \"Royal Oil\" |
+------------------------------------+----------------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| Diet Dr
| 442 |
Vision Crew Unlimited
| 0 |
10,145,334 |
# Janni Howker
**Janni Howker** is a British writer of adult and children\'s fiction who has adapted her own books for the screen. She has worked across the UK running creative writing workshops for adults and children, and is involved in several arts development programmes.`{{when|date=September 2013}}`{=mediawiki}
## Life
Howker was born in Cyprus to a British military family with Lancashire roots. She lives in a cottage near the \"very remote\" Scottish border, and several of her books are set in the region, which she calls \"my inspiration\". The most important may be *Martin Farrell*, which features a boy caught in the midst of the bloody feuds of the Border Reivers.
## Awards
*The Nature of the Beast* won the 1985 Whitbread Children\'s Book Award.
For *The Nature of the Beast* and again next year for *Isaac Campion* in 1986, Howker was a highly commended runner-up for the annual Carnegie Medals from the Library Association, recognising the year\'s best children\'s book by a British subject. (From 1979 to 2002 the distinction was approximately annual, with 29 high commendations in a 24-year period including Howker alone for both 1985 and 1986.)
- International Reading Award
- Tom-Gallon Award
- Observer Teenage Fiction Award
- Somerset Maugham Award
## Works
The U.S. review service *Kirkus Reviews* covered at least three of Howker\'s books (‡). *Badger on the Barge* and *The Topiary Garden* garnered starred reviews and the service called *Isaac Campion* \"another glowing novel\" and \"unforgettable\"
| 243 |
Janni Howker
| 0 |
10,145,355 |
# Remember the Night Parties
***Remember the Night Parties*** is the third album by Oxford Collapse and their first to be released by Sub Pop.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
1. \"He\'ll Paint While We Play\" - 3:21
2. \"Please Visit Your National Parks\" - 4:08
3. \"Loser City\" - 3:54
4. \"For the Khakis and the Sweatshirts\" - 3:12
5. \"Return/Of Burno\" - 8:06
6. \"Lady Lawyers\" - 3:14
7. \"Let\'s Vanish\" - 3:18
8. \"Kenny Can\'t Afford It\" - 2:40
9. \"Molasses\" - 2:57
10. \"Forgot to Write\" - 3:01
11
| 92 |
Remember the Night Parties
| 0 |
10,145,369 |
# Diving at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships
The **diving** competition at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships was held from March 19 to March 26.
## Medal summary {#medal_summary}
### Medal table {#medal_table}
Host nation `{{Medals table
| caption =
| host = AUS
| flag_template = flaglink
| event = at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships
| team =
| gold_CHN = 9 | silver_CHN = 4 | bronze_CHN = 1
| gold_RUS = 1 | silver_RUS = 1 | bronze_RUS = 2
| gold_CAN = 0 | silver_CAN = 3 | bronze_CAN = 0
| gold_GER = 0 | silver_GER = 1 | bronze_GER = 3
| gold_AUS = 0 | silver_AUS = 1 | bronze_AUS = 1 | host_AUS = yes
| gold_ITA = 0 | silver_ITA = 0 | bronze_ITA = 2
| gold_USA = 0 | silver_USA = 0 | bronze_USA = 1
}}`{=mediawiki}
### Men
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| 1 metre springboard\ | Luo Yutong\ | 477.40 | He Chong\ | 469.85 | Christopher Sacchin\ | 441.40 |
| `{{DetailsLink|Diving at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships – Men's 1 metre springboard}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{flaglink|CHN|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{flaglink|CHN|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{flaglink|ITA|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| 3 metre springboard\ | Qin Kai\ | 545.35 | Alexandre Despatie\ | 518.65 | Dmitri Sautin\ | 517.10 |
| `{{DetailsLink|Diving at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships – Men's 3 metre springboard}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{flaglink|CHN|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{flaglink|CAN|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{flaglink|RUS|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| 10 metre platform\ | Gleb Galperin\ | 554.70 | Zhou Lüxin\ | 519.15 | Lin Yue\ | 513.70 |
| `{{DetailsLink|Diving at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships – Men's 10 metre platform}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{flaglink|RUS|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{flaglink|CHN|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{flaglink|CHN|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| Synchronized\ | Qin Kai\ | 458.76 | Alexandre Despatie\ | 418.92 | Tobias Schellenberg\ | 414.54 |
| 3 metre springboard\ | Wang Feng\ | | Arturo Miranda\ | | Andreas Wels\ | |
| `{{DetailsLink|Diving at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships – Men's synchronized 3 metre springboard}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{flaglink|CHN|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{flaglink|CAN|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{flaglink|GER|at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| Synchronized\ | Huo Liang\ | 489.48 | Dmitriy Dobroskok\ | 467.16 | David Boudia\ | 463.56 |
| 10 metre platform\ | Lin Yue\ | | Gleb Galperin\ | | Thomas Finchum\ | |
| `{{DetailsLink|Diving at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships – Men's synchronized 10 metre platform}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{flaglink|CHN|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{flaglink|RUS|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{flaglink|USA|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
### Women
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| 1 metre springboard\ | He Zi\ | 316.65 | Blythe Hartley\ | 311.20 | Yuliya Pakhalina\ | 304.60 |
| `{{DetailsLink|Diving at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships – Women's 1 metre springboard}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{flaglink|CHN|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{flaglink|CAN|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{flaglink|RUS|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| 3 metre springboard\ | Guo Jingjing\ | 381.75 | Wu Minxia\ | 368.80 | Tania Cagnotto\ | 341.70 |
| `{{DetailsLink|Diving at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships – Women's 3 metre springboard}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{flaglink|CHN|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{flaglink|CHN|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{flaglink|ITA|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| 10 metre platform\ | Wang Xin\ | 432.85 | Chen Ruolin\ | 410.30 | Christin Steuer\ | 386.85 |
| `{{DetailsLink|Diving at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships – Women's 10 metre platform}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{flaglink|CHN|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{flaglink|CHN|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{flaglink|GER|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| Synchronized\ | Wu Minxia\ | 355.80 | Ditte Kotzian\ | 318.45 | Sharleen Stratton\ | 313.14 |
| 3 metre springboard\ | Guo Jingjing\ | | Heike Fischer\ | | Briony Cole\ | |
| `{{DetailsLink|Diving at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships – Women's synchronized 3 metre springboard}}`{=mediawiki} | `{{flaglink|CHN|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{flaglink|GER|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | | `{{flaglink|AUS|at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships}}`{=mediawiki} | |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------+
| Synchronized\ | Jia Tong\ | 361.32 | Briony Cole\ | 324.00 | Annett Gamm\ | 306
| 751 |
Diving at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships
| 0 |
10,145,386 |
# Thomas J. Pappas School
The **Thomas J. Pappas Schools** were a series of related alternative schools located in the Phoenix, Arizona area. A part of the Maricopa County Regional School District, the Thomas J. Pappas schools provided primary and secondary education to homeless children in the area. They were named for Thomas J. Pappas, a prominent Phoenix businessman known for his strong support of homeless causes, who died in 1989. The schools closed in 2008 following several years of controversy and legal issues surrounding the schools\' administrator, Sandra Dowling, the Maricopa County Superintendent of Schools.
## History
The early beginnings of the school can be traced to a volunteer effort by Phoenix firefighters prior to 1989 of providing tutoring classes to local homeless children. Originally held in a shelter and later moved to a hotel, the first classes were attended by only 8 students.
Funding and resources were non-existent in the early days of the program and In an effort to determine whether the small fledgling volunteer effort could be stabilized and expanded into an official program, a group of local firefighters contacted Sandra Dowling, the newly elected Maricopa County School Superintendent . Realizing that homeless students were not receiving appropriate education services through the local school district, Dowling and the firefighters worked with the Maricopa Association of Governments (MAG) to change the plight of what turned out to be thousands of children over a twenty-year span. In 1990 Dowling founded the Thomas J. Pappas School for Homeless Children using the limited resources provided through state funding opportunities, federal grant monies and community donations to develop an official curriculum and provide school facilities for homeless children. A local Episcopal church housed the first classrooms before growth of the program in less than one academic year quadrupled the number of students requiring services. The move to a former car dealership that was leased and then renovated for use as a school for grades K-8, Dowling\'s program becoming the first school for the homeless children in Phoenix and evolved into a national model.
In response to continued growth in attendance a new school was constructed in 1997 serving grades 1-6 and the existing former \"car dealership\" was building was converted to a middle school. The concept was further expanded by the founding of the **Tempe Thomas J. Pappas Elementary School** in nearby Tempe in 2001. While originally housed in a strip mall, the satellite school moved into a new facility constructed in 2004.
The Pappas Schools enjoyed the support of national, state, local and religious community leaders. Players from all of the local sports organizations visited and volunteered at the school. Players would don chef hats and aprons and serve meals for major holidays including Thanksgiving, Christmas and Easter. They would be seen on campus\'s on a regular basis playing on the playground with the children or being a \"classroom helper\" for the day.
The school thrived with the help of volunteer organizations such as the Creative Women of Pinnacle Peak, Rotary and Lions clubs, volunteers from local retirement communities and other school children in more prosperous school districts that wanted to help. Retirees from as far away as Sun City, Pebble Creek and Apache Junction would drive weekly and sometimes daily to be a reading coach for the students.
Corporate and community sponsors included Salt River Project, Nationwide Vision, Arizona Diamondbacks, Phoenix Suns and Arizona Cardinals. United Airlines sponsored annual fantasy flights for students annually. Contributions from all over Arizona and throughout the United States allowed the school to have an on-site medical center that provided medical, vision and dental care. Volunteer doctors and dentists provided care to many students for the first time in their young lives. Students had an opportunity to visit the \"birthday closet\", take home food from the food pantry on a regular basis or to visit \"The Gap\", the on-site clothing room that provided clean clothes and a new pair of shoes for the children as needed.
| 662 |
Thomas J. Pappas School
| 0 |
10,145,386 |
# Thomas J. Pappas School
## Political issues and closure {#political_issues_and_closure}
As alternative schools that did not operate under established geographical school districts, the Thomas J. Pappas schools never enjoyed funding from a traditional school tax district. The Maricopa County Schoolhouse Foundation was established as a 501C-3 charitable foundation to organize fundraising activities to support the schools.
Severe financial issues created concern as to the future of the Pappas schools. In 2006, it was discovered the Maricopa County Board of Supervisors had diverted and withheld more than \$3.8 million in funding to the school. In an attempt to conceal the funding scheme, county leadership led by County Manager David Smith, enlisted the assistance of the Sheriff and alleged that Dowling misappropriated the funds instead. A massive legal and public battle ensued that led to an investigation into certain accounting practices called into question a number of officials related to the school. During the court proceedings it was discovered and entered into the court records that county leaders and the Sheriff \"lied, misled and distorted evidence\" presented to the grand jury. Counts that were remanded back to the grand jury were never refiled and the remaining counts were dismissed and Dowling and other leaders that had been targeted were exonerated. However, the public fight took its toll on the district\'s leadership and teachers, fearing they would not get paid, were taking other job opportunities. . Judicial intervention and an outpouring of support from local charities secured the schools for a brief time.
Questions regarding the school\'s financial stability continued well into 2007. In spite of financial help from outside sources the school continued to operate at a deficit because the Maricopa County finance department refused to allow the county treasurer to pay employees or vendors. As a result, by October the school district had racked up a debt of an estimated \$2.9 million. Although funds were in school district accounts to make the required payments, without approval from the Board of Supervisor\'s the Treasurer was not allowed to issue payment. Attempts to solve the school\'s political battles with Dowling did not succeed, and on October 18, 2007, a settlement was approved that would require the closure of all 3 Pappas schools by June 30, 2008. Students attending Pappas schools were expected to register at more traditional schools following the closure date.
Dowling did not to run for re-election as county schools superintendent in the wake of the Pappas Schools controversy and her ongoing related legal issues.
Dowling was eventually cleared of all charges. She sued Maricopa County for bringing false charges against her and was awarded a cash settlement in 2013. In 2009, she received a written apology published on the editorial page of the state\'s largest newspaper, The Arizona Republic for their coverage of the events The \"witch hunt\" against Dowling has been extensively documented and reported on by many leading publications in the state. She now enjoys being involved in political activities again, her role as an educational leader and business owner in the community.
The Maricopa County Board of Supervisors closed the Thomas J. Pappas Schools in 2008. The Tempe campus presently houses a public charter school. The Phoenix campus, once listed as a Point of Pride by the city, was demolished in March 2011
| 547 |
Thomas J. Pappas School
| 1 |
10,145,395 |
# List of roads in Windsor, Ontario
The road network in Windsor, Ontario is a grid system with elongated blocks, generally aligned with the Detroit River, with East-West roads running parallel to it, and North-South streets running perpendicular (90 Degrees) to it. This is an adoption from when French Canadian settlers first built farms and streets in the area. Many streets have French names in result, such as Lauzon Parkway, Marentette Avenue (a quiet residential street), Ouellette Avenue (considered by many Windsorites to be its \"Main Street\"), and Pelissier Street. The current street system of Windsor (grid with elongated blocks) reflects the French method of agricultural land division where the farms were long and narrow, fronting along the river (this originates from French methods of tax collection, with more taxes being paid by property owners with waterfront properties, thus why riverfront lots were usually narrow).
## Introduction
Most of the city is uniform in its grid, but a few neighbourhoods have their own system. Forest Glade and The Villages of Riverside were built recently (in the 1960s and 1970s, and have circular patterns, while Sandwich has its own grid roughly 45 degrees off from the rest of the city, in a triangle from Huron Church Road and the Detroit River, south to Tecumseh Road and Prince Road. This is due to the river turning southwest-ward just west of the Ambassador Bridge. Another major part of the city where the streets \"jog\" across Tecumseh Road is Fountain Bleu, when Tecumseh Road was the former city limit with the former Township of Sandwich South until the 1960s.
## Expressways
Windsor has two freeways, the E. C. Row Expressway and the Dougall Parkway.
Highway 401 skirts the City Limits from Provincial Rd (exit 14). to Cabana West/Todd Lane (exit 6), and enters the city in the far west end to Ojibway Pkwy. (exit 1). Dougall Parkway is a former spur of Highway 401 and is a limited access freeway between the 401 and Howard Avenue. Just north of Howard Avenue before it becomes Dougall Avenue.
There are a few other divided highways/dual carriageways with varying levels of development, access, and intersections, such as Ojibway Parkway, Lauzon Parkway, Ouellette Avenue, and Huron Church Road.
## Main East-West Roads {#main_east_west_roads}
These main East-West arterial roads are listed from the Detroit River, heading towards the south:
- Riverside Drive
- University Avenue
- Wyandotte Street
- Tecumseh Road
- Eugenie Street (short, but very busy connector)
- E. C. Row Expressway
- Cabana Road/Division Road
## Other East-West Roads {#other_east_west_roads}
- Erie Street
- Giles Boulevard
- Ottawa Street
- Shepherd Street
- Grand Marais Road/West Grand Boulevard
- Plymouth Road (originally built to direct traffic from the now-demolished Pillette Road Van plant away from residential areas to the north and east)
- Dougall Parkway (leads to Ontario Highway 401, serves South Windsor and Southwood Lakes subdivision)
- North Talbot Road
- Totten Street
- College Avenue (a busy truck route)
- Prince Road (continuation of Totten Street, meets up with Tecumseh Road)
- Forest Glade Drive
- Wildwood Drive
## Main North-South Roads {#main_north_south_roads}
These main North-South arteries are listed from west to east:
- Sandwich Street
- Matchette Road
- Malden Road
- Huron Church Road (extremely busy connector linking Ontario Highway 401 to Ambassador Bridge and Interstate 75)
- Campbell Avenue/Dominion Boulevard (originally intended to become a freeway in the 1970s as a spur route from E.C. Row into downtown, anti-freeway sentiments by downtown and west side residents and businesses killed it)
- Dougall Avenue
- Ouellette Avenue
- McDougall Avenue
- Howard Avenue
- Provincial Road
- Walker Road
- Central Avenue
- Pillette Road
- Jefferson Boulevard
- Lauzon Road/Lauzon Parkway
- Banwell Road
## Other North-South Roads {#other_north_south_roads}
These other North-South routes tend to be short, but busy, as they serve heavily built-up areas in Downtown and other areas:
- Victoria Avenue (notable for having some of the oldest houses in the city along it. It is a quiet downtown residential street otherwise)
- Drouillard Road/Chrysler Centre
Many of these roads in Windsor pass by Big Three Automaker plants, such as Ford Motor Company of Canada, General Motors Canada and Chrysler Canada, which is why they are so busy
| 709 |
List of roads in Windsor, Ontario
| 0 |
10,145,404 |
# Indrani Haldar
**Indrani Haldar** is an Indian actress who is mostly known for her work in Bengali cinema. She was conferred with a National Award, three BFJA Awards and two Anandalok Awards.
Halder made her debut in 1986 with the Bengali TV series *Tero Parbon* directed by Jochon Dastidar. She made her big screen debut opposite Prosenjit Chatterjee in *Mandira* (1990). She has appeared in numerous films, telefilms and TV series and hit the pinnacle of her career with the Bengali TV series *Goyenda Ginni*. She appeared in critically acclaimed films such as *Charachar*, *Dahan*, *Anu*, *Sajhbatir Rupkathara*, *Faltu*, *Tokhon Teish*, *Mayurakshi* to name a few. She has also worked at Maa Shakti by BR Chopra.
## Career
Indrani made her acting debut in the television serial *Tero Parban* (1986). She lived in Mumbai during 2008 to 2013 to act in Hindi TV serials.
In January 2022, she sang the Dwijendralal Ray song \"Dhono Dhanne Pushpe Bhora\" in a show at the request of one. However, she thought it is Rabindranath Tagore\'s song. And so she was trolled on social media
| 182 |
Indrani Haldar
| 0 |
10,145,406 |
# Difference-map algorithm
from Fourier transform modulus.png\|thumb\|right\|Iterations 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 in the difference-map reconstruction of a grayscale image from its Fourier transform modulus\]\]
The **difference-map algorithm** is a search algorithm for general constraint satisfaction problems. It is a meta-algorithm in the sense that it is built from more basic algorithms that perform projections onto constraint sets. From a mathematical perspective, the difference-map algorithm is a dynamical system based on a mapping of Euclidean space. Solutions are encoded as fixed points of the mapping.
Although originally conceived as a general method for solving the phase problem, the difference-map algorithm has been used for the boolean satisfiability problem, protein structure prediction, Ramsey numbers, diophantine equations, and *Sudoku*, as well as sphere- and disk-packing problems. Since these applications include NP-complete problems, the scope of the difference map is that of an incomplete algorithm. Whereas incomplete algorithms can efficiently verify solutions (once a candidate is found), they cannot prove that a solution does not exist.
The difference-map algorithm is a generalization of two iterative methods: Fienup\'s Hybrid input output (HIO) algorithm for phase retrieval and the Douglas-Rachford algorithm for convex optimization. Iterative methods, in general, have a long history in phase retrieval and convex optimization. The use of this style of algorithm for hard, non-convex problems is a more recent development.
## Algorithm
The problem to be solved must first be formulated as a set intersection problem in Euclidean space: find an $x$ in the intersection of sets $A$ and $B$. Another prerequisite is an implementation of the projections $P_A$ and $P_B$ that, given an arbitrary input point $x$, return a point in the constraint set $A$ or $B$ that is nearest to $x$. One iteration of the algorithm is given by the mapping:
$$\begin{align}
x \mapsto D(x) &= x + \beta \left[ P_A \left( f_B(x)\right) - P_B \left( f_A(x)\right)\right], \\
f_A(x) &= P_A(x) - \frac{1}{\beta}\left( P_A(x) - x\right), \\
f_B(x) &= P_B(x) + \frac{1}{\beta}\left( P_B(x) - x\right)
\end{align}$$ The real parameter $\beta$ should not be equal to 0 but can have either sign; optimal values depend on the application and are determined through experimentation. As a first guess, the choice $\beta = 1$ (or $\beta = -1$) is recommended because it reduces the number of projection computations per iteration:
$$D(x) = x + P_A\left( 2P_B(x) - x\right)-P_B(x)$$
A point $x$ is a fixed point of the map $x \mapsto D(x)$ precisely when $P_A\left(f_B(x)\right) = P_B\left(f_A(x)\right)$. Since the left-hand side is an element of $A$ and the RHS is an element of $B$, the equality implies that we have found a common element to the two constraint sets. Note that the fixed point $x$ itself need not belong to either $A$ or $B$. The set of fixed points will typically have much higher dimension than the set of solutions.
The progress of the algorithm can be monitored by inspecting the norm of the difference of the two projections:
$$\Delta = \left| P_A \left( f_B(x)\right) - P_B \left( f_A(x)\right)\right|$$.
When this vanishes, a point common to both constraint sets has been found and the algorithm can be terminated.
| 516 |
Difference-map algorithm
| 0 |
10,145,406 |
# Difference-map algorithm
## Example: logical satisfiability {#example_logical_satisfiability}
Incomplete algorithms, such as stochastic local search, are widely used for finding satisfying truth assignments to boolean formulas. As an example of solving an instance of 2-SAT with the difference-map algorithm, consider the following formula (\~ indicates NOT):
: (*q*~1~ or *q*~2~) and (\~*q*~1~ or *q*~3~) and (\~*q*~2~ or \~*q*~3~) and (*q*~1~ or \~*q*~2~)
To each of the eight literals in this formula we assign one real variable in an eight-dimensional Euclidean space. The structure of the 2-SAT formula can be recovered when these variables are arranged in a table:
: {\| class=\"wikitable\" style=\"background-color:white;text-align: center;\"
\|- \|width=\"80pt\"\|*x*~11~ \|width=\"80pt\"\|*x*~12~ \|width=\"80pt\"\| \|- \|(*x*~21~) \| \|*x*~22~ \|- \| \|(*x*~31~) \|(*x*~32~) \|- \|*x*~41~ \|(*x*~42~) \| \|}
Rows are the clauses in the 2-SAT formula and literals corresponding to the same boolean variable are arranged in columns, with negation indicated by parentheses. For example, the real variables *x*~11~, *x*~21~ and *x*~41~ correspond to the same boolean variable (*q*~1~) or its negation, and are called **replicas**. It is convenient to associate the values 1 and -1 with *TRUE* and *FALSE* rather than the traditional 1 and 0. With this convention, the compatibility between the replicas takes the form of the following linear equations:
: *x*~11~ = -*x*~21~ = *x*~41~
: *x*~12~ = -*x*~31~ = -*x*~42~
: *x*~22~ = -*x*~32~
The linear subspace where these equations are satisfied is one of the constraint spaces, say *A*, used by the difference map. To project to this constraint we replace each replica by the signed replica average, or its negative:
: *a*~1~ = (*x*~11~ - *x*~21~ + *x*~41~) / 3
: *x*~11~ → *a*~1~ *x*~21~ → -*a*~1~ *x*~41~ → *a*~1~
The second difference-map constraint applies to the rows of the table, the clauses. In a satisfying assignment, the two variables in each row must be assigned the values (1, 1), (1, -1), or (-1, 1). The corresponding constraint set, *B*, is thus a set of 3^4^ = 81 points. In projecting to this constraint the following operation is applied to each row. First, the two real values are rounded to 1 or -1; then, if the outcome is (-1, -1), the larger of the two original values is replaced by 1. Examples:
: (-.2, 1.2) → (-1, 1)
: (-.2, -.8) → (1, -1)
It is a straightforward exercise to check that both of the projection operations described minimize the Euclidean distance between input and output values. Moreover, if the algorithm succeeds in finding a point *x* that lies in both constraint sets, then we know that (i) the clauses associated with *x* are all *TRUE*, and (ii) the assignments to the replicas are consistent with a truth assignment to the original boolean variables.
To run the algorithm one first generates an initial point *x*~0~, say
: {\| class=\"wikitable\" style=\"background-color:white;text-align: center;\"
\|- \|width=\"80pt\"\|-0.5 \|width=\"80pt\"\|-0.8 \|width=\"80pt\"\| \|- \|(-0.4) \| \| -0.6 \|- \| \|(0.3) \|(-0.8) \|- \|0.5 \|(0.1) \| \|}
Using β = 1, the next step is to compute *P*~B~(*x*~0~) :
: {\| class=\"wikitable\" style=\"background-color:white;text-align: center;\"
\|- \|width=\"80pt\"\|1 \|width=\"80pt\"\|-1 \|width=\"80pt\"\| \|- \|(1) \| \| -1 \|- \| \|(1) \|(-1) \|- \|1 \|(1) \| \|}
This is followed by 2*P*~B~(*x*~0~) - *x*~0~,
: {\| class=\"wikitable\" style=\"background-color:white;text-align: center;\"
\|- \|width=\"80pt\"\|2.5 \|width=\"80pt\"\|-1.2 \|width=\"80pt\"\| \|- \|(2.4) \| \| -1.4 \|- \| \|(1.7) \|(-1.2) \|- \|1.5 \|(1.9) \| \|}
and then projected onto the other constraint, *P*~A~(2*P*~B~(*x*~0~) - *x*~0~) :
: {\| class=\"wikitable\" style=\"background-color:white;text-align: center;\"
\|- \|width=\"80pt\"\|0.53333 \|width=\"80pt\"\|-1.6 \|width=\"80pt\"\| \|- \|(-0.53333) \| \| -0.1 \|- \| \|(1.6) \|(0.1) \|- \|0.53333 \|(1.6) \| \|}
Incrementing *x*~0~ by the difference of the two projections gives the first iteration of the difference map, *D*(*x*~0~) = *x*~1~ :
: {\| class=\"wikitable\" style=\"background-color:white;text-align: center;\"
\|- \|width=\"80pt\"\|-0.96666 \|width=\"80pt\"\|-1.4 \|width=\"80pt\"\| \|- \|(-1.93333) \| \| 0.3 \|- \| \|(0.9) \|(0.3) \|- \|0.03333 \|(0.7) \| \|}
Here is the second iteration, *D*(*x*~1~) = *x*~2~ :
: {\| class=\"wikitable\" style=\"background-color:white;text-align: center;\"
\|- \|width=\"80pt\"\|-0.3 \|width=\"80pt\"\|-1.4 \|width=\"80pt\"\| \|- \|(-2.6) \| \| -0.7 \|- \| \|(0.9) \|(-0.7) \|- \|0.7 \|(0.7) \| \|}
This is a fixed point: *D*(*x*~2~) = *x*~2~. The iterate is unchanged because the two projections agree. From *P*~*B*~(*x*~2~),
: {\| class=\"wikitable\" style=\"background-color:white;text-align: center;\"
\|- \|width=\"80pt\"\|1 \|width=\"80pt\"\|-1 \|width=\"80pt\"\| \|- \|(-1) \| \| 1 \|- \| \|(1) \|(-1) \|- \|1 \|(1) \| \|}
we can read off the satisfying truth assignment: *q*~1~ = *TRUE*, *q*~2~ = *FALSE*, *q*~3~ = *TRUE*.
## Chaotic dynamics {#chaotic_dynamics}
In the simple 2-SAT example above, the norm of the difference-map increment *Δ* decreased monotonically to zero in three iterations. This contrasts with the behavior of *Δ* when the difference map is given a hard instance of 3-SAT, where it fluctuates strongly prior to the discovery of the fixed point. As a dynamical system the difference map is believed to be chaotic, and that the space being searched is a strange attractor.
| 798 |
Difference-map algorithm
| 1 |
10,145,406 |
# Difference-map algorithm
## Phase retrieval {#phase_retrieval}
In phase retrieval a signal or image is reconstructed from the modulus (absolute value, magnitude) of its discrete Fourier transform. For example, the source of the modulus data may be the Fraunhofer diffraction pattern formed when an object is illuminated with coherent light.
The projection to the Fourier modulus constraint, say *P*~*A*~, is accomplished by first computing the discrete Fourier transform of the signal or image, rescaling the moduli to agree with the data, and then inverse transforming the result. This is a projection, in the sense that the Euclidean distance to the constraint is minimized, because (i) the discrete Fourier transform, as a unitary transformation, preserves distance, and (ii) rescaling the modulus (without modifying the phase) is the smallest change that realizes the modulus constraint.
To recover the unknown phases of the Fourier transform the difference map relies on the projection to another constraint, *P*~*B*~. This may take several forms, as the object being reconstructed may be known to be positive, have a bounded support, etc. In the reconstruction of the surface image, for example, the effect of the projection *P*~*B*~ was to nullify all values outside a rectangular support, and also to nullify all negative values within the support
| 208 |
Difference-map algorithm
| 2 |
10,145,438 |
# Information market
Although information has been bought and sold since ancient times, the idea of an **information marketplace** is relatively recent. The nature of such markets is still evolving, which complicates development of sustainable business models. However, certain attributes of information markets are beginning to be understood, such as diminished participation costs, opportunities for customization, shifting customer relations, and a need for order.
## Overview
In describing the idea of information markets, Mcgee and Prusak (1993) note that people barter for information, use it as an instrument of power, or trade it for information of greater value. In contrast, Shapiro and Varian (1999) point out that historical leaders in information markets, such as newspapers and encyclopedias are at risk of losing their positions as new technology greatly reduces the cost of creating and distributing information. They also indicate that information markets will not resemble textbook competitive markets with many suppliers offering similar products but lacking the ability to influence prices.
In describing the transition from traditional to information markets, Simard (2005) used a metaphor of autonomous providers and users exchanging information in place of sellers and buyers trading goods and services, respectively. Martin (1996) indicates that as manufacturing shifts from mass production to customization, marketing should shift to individualization. Similarly, Mcgee and Prusak (1993) state that with the increased capacity for customization, information about products and services will become an increasingly important resource.
Hagel and Rayport (1997) focus on customer relations. Although businesses assume that information about customers is freely available for the taking, as customers assume greater control of this information, access will likely become more difficult. Further, as ownership of information shifts to the customer, a new source of supply is created and there may be opportunities for intermediaries to add value by linking this supply with business demand.
Although Web-enabled information markets resemble the frontier-style \"old west\", Sparr (2001) states that governments will eventually find ways to step in with standards, property rights, and regulations, as all economic activity ultimately depends on order. This has virtually always been the case in the past and there is no reason to expect that the Net will be different.
For Linde and Stock (2011) the information market is the market for digital information distributed via networks. Traded are all sort of software applications and of content (from blogs via images, films and games up to scientific articles and patents). I-Commerce is the e-commerce with (digital) information
| 407 |
Information market
| 0 |
10,145,461 |
# Drongelen, Haagoort, Gansoijen en Doeveren
**Drongelen, Haagoort, Gansoijen en Doeveren** (or \"Drongelen c.a.\") is a former municipality in the Dutch province of North Brabant. It included the villages of Drongelen and Doeveren, and the two former hamlets Hagoort and Gansoijen.
The two hamlets Hagoort and Gansoijen were destroyed in the construction of the Bergsche Maas canal in 1904. The municipality changed its name to just \"Drongelen\" in 1908
| 69 |
Drongelen, Haagoort, Gansoijen en Doeveren
| 0 |
10,145,523 |
# Gymkhana (motorsport)
**Gymkhana** is a type of motorsport, known as Motorkhana in Australia and New Zealand and as Autotesting in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Similar to autocross, the goal of gymkhana is to achieve the fastest time possible; memorizing the course is a significant part of achieving a fast time. The name is loaned from the equestrian discipline of gymkhana.
Gymkhana events are time and/or speed events in an automobile. These can feature obstacles such as cones, tires, and barrels. The driver must manoeuver through a predetermined \"track\" performing many different driving techniques. What separates gymkhana from traditional autocross events is that the gymkhana requires drivers to perform reversals, 180 degree spins, 360 degree spins, parking boxes, figure 8s, and other advanced skills. Drifting is also encouraged where helpful or necessary. Essentially, a gymkhana is any event featuring a starting point, a finish line and some sort of \"obstacle\" to get through, around, or by, all within a certain time limit.
## Drivers
The driver\'s goal is to get through the course as quickly as possible with the fewest mistakes. Acceleration, braking, drifting, and grip driving are all necessary. Not only does the driver have to hold control over the car, but gymkhana requires strong mental concentration and memorization.
## History
Gymkhana was originally equestrian in nature. Throughout history and cultures, riders have come together to test their skills against one another by competing on horseback in challenges. These challenges could be simple races, or they could incorporate elements such as flag retrieval, maneuvering around pylons, or through rough terrain. As the art of equestrianism evolved, gymkhana became more formalized, taking place at venues such as polo grounds.
The origin of motorsport gymkhana is not certain. However, it is speculated that it might have begun after World War 2, when American soldiers brought home small and nimble cars from Europe. The smaller cars designed for dense European cities could not compete in races against American cars meant for open countryside, so new events were designed for them involving skillful maneuvering through complex courses. This soon evolved into the American form of autocross.
## Courses
Gymkhana courses typically involve only the use of first and second gear, where autotesting in the UK and Ireland add the use of reverse gear. A gymkhana course will typically be from 0:45 to 1:30 in length. Like autocross and autotesting, gymkhana courses are laid out with cones representing \"obstacles\" to navigate through. Unlike autocross, which can be considered to be a small version of a road course, obstacles in gymkhana will often consist of slaloms, 180 degree turns, 360 degree turns, figure eight turns and sometimes parking boxes. Gymkhana requires strong mental concentration and memorization of the track, as sections of the course frequently must be repeated or navigated backwards and or differently. The driver will use many techniques to effectively navigate a course. Handbrake technique, drifting and sliding and Left-foot braking are all necessary skills for gymkhana.
## Competition format {#competition_format}
As the Japan Automobile Federation (JAF) is a subsidiary of the Fédération Internationale de l\'Automobile (FIA), FIA classing is used for Gymkhana in Japan. Gymkhana courses may be used for an entire year, unlike autocross and autotesting where drivers are presented with a new course for each event. Gymkhana participants are allowed two runs of the course, with the fastest time being used to determine the winner of a class. Time penalties are issued for hitting cones, and a failure to navigate the course correctly results in no time score.
## National structure {#national_structure}
Gymkhana in Japan has a well-defined competition structure, with everything from local to national competitions. Drivers can compete in official events locally in order to qualify for regional events and so on. Japan has an All Japan Gymkhana competition each year. Despite being governed under the FIA in Japan, there is no official international gymkhana competition at this time. Drivers in official events may be required to hold a JAF-issued competition license
| 665 |
Gymkhana (motorsport)
| 0 |
10,145,538 |
# Drongelen
**Drongelen** is a village in the Dutch province of North Brabant. It is located in the municipality of Altena.
The village was first mentioned in 1270 as de Drungele, and might mean \"open forest near the Drongel river\".
The church of Drongelen was destroyed by a flood in 1509, and not rebuilt until 1700. In November and December 1944, almost the entire village and the church were destroyed during the fighting between the Allied Forces and the German army. A wooden church was donated by Sweden as a temporary church. In 1951, a new church was rebuilt. The wooden church was moved to Amstelveen where it burnt down in 2000.
Drongelen was home to 358 people in 1840. The school closed in 1984 and became the village house. There is a free car ferry between Drongen and Waalwijk across the Bergsche Maas.
Drongelen was a separate municipality until 1923, when it was merged with Eethen. Before 1908, the name of the municipality was *Drongelen, Haagoort, Gansoijen en Doeveren*.
## Gallery
<File:(Meisry)>, reproductie door J.de Beijer, 1738 - Dorsen - 20063353 - RCE.jpg\|Castle \"Slot Gansoijen\" (1738) <File:Zicht> op de veerpont over de Bergsche Maas tussen Drongelen en Waalwijk met omgeving - Drongelen - 20413797 - RCE
| 207 |
Drongelen
| 0 |
10,145,556 |
# Prince Andrew Romanoff
**Prince Andrew Romanoff** (born *Andrei Andreievich Romanoff*; 21 January 1923 -- 28 November 2021) was a Russian American artist and author. He was a grand-nephew of Russia\'s last Tsar, Nicholas II. He was a great-great-grandson in the male line of Emperor Nicholas I of Russia and since the death of Prince Dimitri Romanov in 2016 was claimant to the headship of the House of Romanov until his own death in 2021.
## Childhood and education {#childhood_and_education}
Andrew Andreievich was born on 21 January 1923, in St Pancras, London, England, into the family of Prince Andrei Alexandrovich of Russia (1897--1981) and his first wife Princess Elizabeth Fabricievna, *née* Duchess of Sasso-Ruffo and Princess of San-Antimo. His godfather was the future King Edward VIII of the United Kingdom.
The third child and youngest son in the family, Andrew Andreievich spent his childhood with his sister, Princess Xenia Andreievna, and his brother, Prince Michael Andreievich, in the guest house of Windsor Castle -- granted to his family by King George V. Until age 12, he studied at home and received a private traditional education, characteristic for the House of Romanov. He was subsequently educated at Haileybury.
## Life in the United States {#life_in_the_united_states}
Following his discharge from the Royal Navy at the end of World War II, Andrew Andreievich became an intern on an English farm in Kent, learning to become an agronomist. He also worked in a special garden near London. Finding no further prospects in Europe, after the invitation in 1949 of his uncle Prince Vasily Alexandrovich, along with his cousin Prince Nikita Nikitich, and having only 800 dollars in his pocket, he immigrated to the United States on a cargo ship carrying racehorses, pigeons, and eight passengers.
After settling in California, he started working in a store, then worked with his uncle at California Packing, where he grew tomatoes using hydroponics and worked on the introduction of new varieties of vegetables.
He studied sociology and criminology at the University of California at Berkeley. Then he worked as a broker in a shipping company and spent three years in Japan and Korea. After his return to San Francisco, Andrew Andreievich became a real estate agent. He also worked as a simple employee behind the chair factory and became a designer. He became a naturalised U.S. citizen on 20 December 1954.
Following the death of his second wife, he moved to the town of Inverness, Marin County, California, where he worked as a carpenter and joiner, and later was engaged in a jewellery business.
He began to draw as a primitive artist, without formal art education, drawing pictures by intuition and relying on imagination. Andrew Andreievich also engaged in artistic photography. After retirement, he devoted himself entirely to art. On his preferred medium of Shrinky Dinks (plastic sheets that shrink by two-thirds when cooked in an oven), he drew and painted, shrinking the scenes, then mounted them on painted panels. Andrew\'s artwork was firmly rooted in the traditions of American folk art. His work typically depicted personal memories, impressions of American news, culture, and scenes of domestic life.
Andrew Andreievich lived with his wife, the American painter Inez Storer, in Inverness, California. In 2007, he released an autobiography called *The Boy Who Would Be Tsar*, illustrated with his artwork. His work has been exhibited worldwide, including recent exhibitions at Gallery 16 in San Francisco.
He died on 28 November 2021, at an assisted living facility in San Anselmo, California.
| 581 |
Prince Andrew Romanoff
| 0 |
10,145,556 |
# Prince Andrew Romanoff
## Marriages and children {#marriages_and_children}
Prince Andrew married three times. He was married firstly in San Francisco on 9 September 1951, to Elena Konstantinovna Durneva (1928, Tokyo, Japan -- 1993, Oakland, California). She was the only daughter of Russian nobleman Konstantin Afanasievich Durnev (1896--1970) and wife Felixa Stanislavovna Zapalska (1903--2001). They had one son before divorcing in 1959:
- Prince Alexis Andreievich Romanov (born 1953, San Francisco). He graduated from St. Mary\'s High School in San Francisco, and then studied at the University of California, Berkeley. Currently, he owns a company which provides accounting and fiduciary services to individuals. He married on 19 September 1987, in Oakland, California, to Zoetta \"Zoe\" Leisy (born 1956, Memphis, Tennessee), daughter of Robert Leisy and wife Ellen Telfer. No issue.`{{fact|date=January 2025}}`{=mediawiki}
He was married secondly to Kathleen Norris (1935, San Francisco -- 1967, San Francisco) in San Francisco on 21 March 1961. She was a paternal granddaughter of American authors Charles Gilman Norris and wife Kathleen Norris. She died after pneumonia at age 32. They had two children:
- Prince Peter Andreievich Romanoff (born 1961, San Francisco). He worked as an auto mechanic. His current job is also related to cars. He married on 2 May 2009, in Marin County, California, Barbara Anne Jurgens (born 1968). No issue. He is first in the line of succession to the title of the head of the Romanov Family.`{{fact|date=January 2025}}`{=mediawiki}
- Prince Andrew Andreievich Romanoff (born 1963, San Francisco). He graduated from the University of California, Berkeley and works as a Project Manager. He married on 12 July 1986, in Point Reyes Station, California, to Elizabeth Flores (born 25 April 1964, San Francisco). She is daughter of Armando Flores and wife Cecil Sherrod. He is second in the line of succession to the title of the head of the Romanov Family. They have one daughter.`{{fact|date=January 2025}}`{=mediawiki}
He was married thirdly on 17 December 1987, in Reno, Nevada, to the American artist Inez Storer (*née* Bachelin; born 1933, Santa Monica, California). She is daughter of Franz Bachelin and wife Anita Hirschfeld.`{{fact|date=January 2025}}`{=mediawiki}
| 348 |
Prince Andrew Romanoff
| 1 |
10,145,556 |
# Prince Andrew Romanoff
## Title and style {#title_and_style}
Members of the House of Romanov born after the Russian revolution, such as Andrew, tended to use the title Prince, appropriate style and the surname Romanov. As the younger son of a great grandson of a Russian Emperor, formally Andrew was titled His Serene Highness Prince of the Imperial Blood Andrew Andreievich.
On account of his parents\' marriage Andrew's claim to this princely title was never recognised by Grand Duke Kirill, Grand Duke Vladimir or Grand Duchess Maria. In 1951 Grand Duke Vladimir recognised the title Prince Romanovsky for Andrew and his siblings. However they rejected this title
| 107 |
Prince Andrew Romanoff
| 2 |
10,145,558 |
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 72
**United Nations Security Council Resolution 72**, adopted on August 11, 1949, after receiving a report by the Acting United Nations Mediator in Palestine on the completion of his responsibilities, the UN decided to pay tribute to the late Count Folke Bernadotte, the then current Acting Mediator Dr. Ralph J. Bunche and the Belgian, French, Swedish and American officers who served on the staff and as military observers in Palestine.
No vote was taken as the resolution was adopted
| 85 |
United Nations Security Council Resolution 72
| 0 |
10,145,564 |
# Duizel en Steensel
**Duizel en Steensel** is a former municipality in the Dutch province of North Brabant, covering the villages of Duizel and Steensel.
Duizel en Steensel merged with Eersel in 1923
| 33 |
Duizel en Steensel
| 0 |
10,145,566 |
# List of highest points of Norwegian counties
This is a list of the highest points (mountains, hills, glaciers) of all current Norwegian counties, ranked by elevation.
Rank County Name Type Elevation
------ ----------------- ---------------------- ---------- -----------
1 Innlandet Galdhøpiggen mountain
2 Vestland Store Skagastølstind mountain
3 Møre og Romsdal Puttegga mountain
4 Trøndelag Storskrymten mountain
5 Buskerud Folarskardnuten mountain
6 Nordland Oksskolten mountain
7 Telemark Gaustatoppen mountain
8 Troms Jiehkkevárri mountain
9 Rogaland Vassdalseggi mountain
10 Agder Sæbyggjenuten mountain
11 Finnmark Øksfjordjøkelen glacier
12 Akershus Fjellsjøkampen mountain
13 Vestfold Vestfjellet mountain
14 Oslo Kjerkeberget hill
15 Østfold Slavasshøgda hill
## Highest points by former counties {#highest_points_by_former_counties}
(before 2016) Ranked by elevation
| 112 |
List of highest points of Norwegian counties
| 0 |
10,145,575 |
# Den Dungen
**Den Dungen** is a village in the Dutch province of North Brabant. It is located in the municipality of Sint-Michielsgestel next to the village Maaskantje.
## History
The village was first mentioned in 1300 as \"Super Donghen prope Buscum\", and means \"sandy hills in swampy land\". Den Dungen developed in the Middle Ages on three hills near the Aa River. During the 17th century, a ring dike was built to protect against floods.
The Catholic St.-Jacobus de Meerdere Church was completed in 1533. In 1899, a new tower was constructed with a needle spire. In 1927, the church was expanded.
Den Dungen was home to 1,399 people in 1840. Around 1900, Den Dungen and Maaskantje started to merge into a single urban area. It was a separate municipality until 1996, when it was merged with Sint-Michielsgestel.
Den Dungen is a twin town of Portishead, Somerset in England.
## Gallery
<File:Den> Dungen, kerk foto5 2010-04-10 16.31.JPG\|Church in Den Dungen <File:Fietsbrug-Berlicum.jpg%7CBicycle> bridge <File:Den> Dungen - Paterstraat 39 - boerderij.jpg\|Farm in Den Dungen <File:Den> Dungen - Cafetaria \'t Pleintje IMG 5123
| 181 |
Den Dungen
| 0 |
10,145,584 |
# Network delay
**Network delay** is a design and performance characteristic of a telecommunications network. It specifies the latency for a bit of data to travel across the network from one communication endpoint to another.`{{Ref RFC|1242|notes=no|rp=5}}`{=mediawiki} It is typically measured in multiples or fractions of a second. Delay may differ slightly, depending on the location of the specific pair of communicating endpoints. Engineers usually report both the maximum and average delay, and they divide the delay into several parts:
- Processing delay`{{snd}}`{=mediawiki} time it takes a router to process the packet header
- Queuing delay`{{snd}}`{=mediawiki} time the packet spends in routing queues
- Transmission delay`{{snd}}`{=mediawiki} time it takes to push the packet\'s bits onto the link
- Propagation delay`{{snd}}`{=mediawiki} time for a signal to propagate through the media
A certain minimum level of delay is experienced by signals due to the time it takes to transmit a packet serially through a link. This delay is extended by more variable levels of delay due to network congestion. IP network delays can range from a few milliseconds to several hundred milliseconds
| 179 |
Network delay
| 0 |
10,145,667 |
# Bad Bayersoien
**Bad Bayersoien** (`{{Pronunciation|De-Bad Bayersoien.ogg}}`{=mediawiki}) is a German municipality in the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, in Bavaria.
In August 2023, it made international headlines when a hailstorm destroyed roof tiles, pierced roof-mounted solar panels and cars were dented from golf ball sized hail due to a supercell event.
## Gallery
<File:Bad> Bayersoien Georg 2.jpg\|Gothic Altar of Saint George\'s church <File:Bad> Bayersoien Chapelle 30407.jpg\|Chapel <File:Bad> Bayersoien Village 30455
| 68 |
Bad Bayersoien
| 0 |
10,145,669 |
# Journal of Vietnamese Studies
The ***Journal of Vietnamese Studies*** is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering social science and humanities research about Vietnamese history, politics, culture and, society. It was established in 2006, and is published by University of California Press on behalf of the Center for Southeast Asia Studies at the University of California, Berkeley. Since September 2022, the editors-in-chief are Martha Lincoln (San Francisco State University), Van Nguyen-Marshall (Trent University), and Peter Zinoman (University of California, Berkeley). The journal publishes original articles, book reviews, communications with the editor, and occasionally also translations of Vietnamese language documents and texts
| 101 |
Journal of Vietnamese Studies
| 0 |
10,145,675 |
# Plasmodium pinotti
***Plasmodium pinotti*** is a parasite of the genus *Plasmodium* subgenus *Giovannolaia*.
Like all *Plasmodium* species *P. pinotti* has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are birds.
## Description
The parasite was first described by Muniz and Soares in 1954. It was named after Mario Pinotti.
## Geographical occurrence {#geographical_occurrence}
This species is found in Jamaica.
## Clinical features and host pathology {#clinical_features_and_host_pathology}
Known hosts of this species include the bananaquit (*Coereba flaveola*), orangequit (*Euneornis campestris*), yellow-shouldered grassquit (*Loxipasser anoxanthus*), large toucan (*Ramphastos toco*) and black-faced grassquit (*Tiaris bicolor*)
| 96 |
Plasmodium pinotti
| 0 |
10,145,694 |
# Mark Bailey (conductor)
**Mark Bailey** (born 1962) is an American conductor and baroque violist. He is the founder and artistic director of the American Baroque Orchestra. Bailey specializes in Slavic music of the 17th and 18th centuries, in addition to baroque, classical, and romantic repertoire, and was the former music director of the Yale Russian Chorus. Bailey frequently guest conducts ensembles such as the Edmonton Symphony Orchestra, Cappella Romana, The Portland Baroque Orchestra, and Pro Coro Canada. He often gives presentations on Slavic baroque music and historical performance practice, and has been a principal guest speaker for the Great Performers series, the Mostly Mozart Festival at Lincoln Center in New York City, the 2016 Musicking Conference at the University of Oregon, and the Indiana University International Performance Practice Conference.
Born and raised outside Rochester, New York, Bailey began his musical studies in viola and piano at an early age, and started singing through his involvement in the Eastman Children\'s Chorus. While concentrating in vocal performance and piano as an undergraduate, he began to study conducting with David Effron. As a graduate student he changed his focus to this field, studying conducting (and Liturgy and Russian) at Yale. Later he continued his conducting studies with Harold Farberman. Upon graduation Bailey worked as an assistant conductor while leaning toward Russian romantic and 20th century repertoire, opera, and Orthodox sacred music. In the 1990s he met baroque violinist Jaap Schröder, and began to study period performance practice.
In 2011, Bailey founded the American Baroque Orchestra (ABO), an authentic period instrument orchestra that performs throughout New England. The Summer of 2016 marks the inaugural Choral Festival of ABO, featuring works of Antonio Vivaldi and Jewish Baroque composer Salamone de Rossi, the latter reflecting the specialization of associate artistic director Kevin Sherwin. Bailey\'s former conducting positions have included artistic and music director of the New Haven Oratorio Choir and Orchestra, the Westchester Concert Singers, The New England Benefit Orchestra, and The Festival Chamber Orchestra at Yale. He was the assistant conductor of the Eastman Philharmonia, the opera department at the Eastman School of Music, and for the Heidelberg Castle Opera Festival in Heidelberg, Germany.
As a baroque violist, Bailey most recently founded the Musica Vera Duo in 2015, with guitarist and conductor Kevin Sherwin. Bailey has also appeared as a violist with the American Baroque Orchestra, the Arcadia Players, Schola Cantorum at Yale University, and The Sebastians. His compositions and arrangements have been performed by Tafelmusik Baroque Orchestra, which commissioned several works from Mr. Bailey for their 2011-2012 season opener, and other works of his have premiered at Lincoln Center, Yale University, Emmanuel Episcopal Church, Boston, and throughout the United States, as well as at St. Basil's Cathedral in Moscow, Russia. Approximately forty of his compositions have been published.
Bailey has won praise for his leadership of the Yale Russian chorus. His first recording with the YRC in 1996 was placed on The New York Times critics' choice list and described as a must-have recording by National Public Radio's Performance Today. Bailey left the chorus in 2017 following internal friction about the direction of the group. Mark Bailey\'s most recent recording, \"Heart of Kyiv,\" is a compilation of Slavic works from the 17th and 18th centuries with Mr. Bailey leading Pro Coro Canada. Among the many outstanding reviews of Mr. Bailey\'s concerts, City Arts of Seattle wrote of the Rachmaninoff All-Night Vigil, \"Bailey elicited expressive phrasing that enhanced every detail of the text's meaning\" (September 2015). Another performance with Cappella Romana: \"the choir followed Bailey's detailed, expressive direction with rapt focus...they sounded like one solitary living creature, the expansion and contraction of the music coming as naturally as breath\" (Northwest Reverb).
From 1992 to 2008, Bailey served on the faculty of St. Vladimir\'s Orthodox Theological Seminary in Crestwood, New York, where he taught composition, analysis, choral leadership, and Church Slavonic. He also served on the conducting staff for the chapel choirs, and he founded the Composers Seminar at St. Vladimir's in 2007 and 2008. Bailey continues to teach and conduct Orthodox sacred music at various conferences and seminars throughout North America. He teaches conducting and performance practice to a select number of students, and is a Fellow at Davenport College, Yale University.
Bailey is currently the Head of Historical Sound Recordings at Yale University. Outside of music, Mr. Bailey is extensively involved in animal welfare and, in 2013, was appointed as a Connecticut state commissioner for the Animal Welfare Task Force
| 747 |
Mark Bailey (conductor)
| 0 |
10,145,699 |
# United Nations Security Council Resolution 73
**United Nations Security Council Resolution 73**, adopted on August 11, 1949, noted with satisfaction the Armistice Agreements between the parties involved in the 1948 conflict in Palestine and then expressed the hope that a final settlement of all questions outstanding between the parties might be achieved soon. The Resolution went on to relieve the Action Mediator in Palestine, as his duties had been fulfilled, and requested the Secretary-General arrange for the continued service of the personnel of the present Truce Supervision Organization as may be required in observing and maintaining the cease-fires and Armistices. The Resolution also requested that the Chief of Staff of the TSO report to the Council on the observance of the cease-fire.
The resolution was adopted nine votes to none; the Ukrainian SSR and Soviet Union abstained
| 138 |
United Nations Security Council Resolution 73
| 0 |
10,145,728 |
# Eschenlohe
**Eschenlohe** is a German municipality in the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, in Bavaria, on the Loisach River.
## Transport
The district has a railway station, `{{stn|Eschenlohe}}`{=mediawiki}, on the Munich--Garmisch-Partenkirchen railway
| 31 |
Eschenlohe
| 0 |
10,145,730 |
# Alejandro Sanz discography
The **discography** of **Alejandro Sanz**, a Spanish singer, songwriter and musician, consists of twelve studio albums, three live albums, three compilation albums, thirty-five singles (including all singles from studio, live, compilation albums and collaborations with other singers).
Sanz released his debut album at age nineteen, although he did not gain commercial success in Spain until his second release, *Viviendo Deprisa*. His next two records, *Si Tú Me Miras* (1993) and *3* (1995) also fared well commercially, but it was his 1997 breakthrough album *Más* that garnered international success. *El Alma al Aire* followed in 2000, selling more than a million copies in its first week. In 2002, he became the first Spanish artist to record an *MTV Unplugged* album.
His collaboration with Shakira on the 2005 single \"La Tortura\" reached number one on several charts worldwide. He experimented with more diverse styles of music with the albums *No Es lo Mismo* (2003) and *El Tren de los Momentos* (2006), while his 2009 release, *Paraíso Express* served as a return to form for the musician. Sanz signed to Universal Music Group in 2011 and released his tenth studio album, *La Música No Se Toca*, in 2012, followed by *Sirope* in 2015.
## Albums
### Studio albums {#studio_albums}
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| Title | Details | Peak chart positions | |
+===========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================+============================================================+===========================================================================+=======================================================+
| SPA\ | MEX\ | url=<http://mexicancharts.com/showinterpret.asp?interpret=Alejandro+Sanz> | title=mexicancharts.com -- Discography Alejandro Sanz |
| Peak positions for Spain\'s Albums: | | | |
| | - Alejandro Sanz Top 100 México Chart History {{cite web | | |
| - For *Viviendo Deprisa*: | | | |
| - For *Si Tú Me Miras*: | | | |
| - For *3*: | | | |
| - For *Más*: | | | |
| - For *El Alma al Aire*: | | | |
| - For *MTV Unplugged*: | | | |
| - For *No Es lo Mismo* and *Básico*: | | | |
| - For *Grandes Éxitos 91_04*: `{{Dead link|date=October 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}`{=mediawiki} | | | |
| - For *El Tren de los Momentos*, *El Tren de los Momentos: En Vivo Desde Buenos Aires*, *Paraíso Express*, *Paraíso Express -- Edicíon Especial Gira*, *Canciones Para Un Paraíso En Vivo*, *Colección Definitiva*, *La Música No Se Toca* and *Álbumes De Estudio 1991--2009* (incorrectly listed as *Discografía completa* on spanishcharts.com -- Promusicae had the correct title on its website): | | | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| *Los Chulos Son Pa\' Cuidarlos* | - as *Alejandro Magno* | --- | --- |
| | - Released: 1989 | | |
| | - Label: Hispavox | | |
| | - Formats: LP | | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| *Viviendo Deprisa* | - Released: 20 August 1991 | 2 | --- |
| | - Label: WEA | | |
| | - Formats: CD, LP, Cassette | | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| *Si Tú Me Miras* | - Released: 17 August 1993 | 2 | --- |
| | - Label: WEA | | |
| | - Formats: CD, LP, Cassette | | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| *3* | - Released: 13 June 1995 | 1 | --- |
| | - Label: WEA | | |
| | - Formats: CD, Cassette | | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| *Más* | - Released: 9 September 1997 | 1 | 1 |
| | - Label: WEA | | |
| | - Formats: CD, LP, Cassette | | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| *El Alma al Aire* | - Released: 26 September 2000 | 1 | 1 |
| | - Label: WEA | | |
| | - Formats: CD, LP, Cassette | | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| *No Es lo Mismo* | - Released: 2 September 2003 | 1 | 2 |
| | - Label: WEA | | |
| | - Formats: CD, Cassette | | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| *El Tren de los Momentos* | - Released: 7 November 2006 | 1 | 6 |
| | - Label: WEA | | |
| | - Formats: CD, LP, Cassette | | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| *Paraíso Express* | - Released: 10 November 2009 | 1 | 1 |
| | - Label: WEA | | |
| | - Formats: CD, LP, download | | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| *La Música No Se Toca* | - Released: 25 September 2012 | 1 | 1 |
| | - Label: Universal | | |
| | - Formats: CD, CD+DVD, download | | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| *Sirope* | - Released: 4 May 2015 | 1 | 2 |
| | - Label: Universal Music Group | | |
| | - Formats: CD, LP, download | | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| *#ElDisco* | - Released: 5 April 2019 | 1\ | 2 |
| | - Label: Universal Music Group | | |
| | - Formats: CD, LP, download | | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
| *Sanz* | - Released: 9 December 2021 | 1\ | --- |
| | - Label: Universal Music Group | | |
| | - Formats: CD, download | | |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
### Live albums {#live_albums}
+-------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+----------------------+--------+
| Title | Details | Peak chart positions | |
+=======================================================+==================================+======================+========+
| SPA\ | MEX\ | PT\ | US\ |
| | | | Latin\ |
+-------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+----------------------+--------+
| *Básico* | - Released: 18 March 1994 | 18 | --- |
| | - Label: WEA | | |
| | - Formats: CD, Cassette | | |
+-------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+----------------------+--------+
| *MTV Unplugged* | - Released: 20 November 2001 | 1 | 1 |
| | - Label: WEA | | |
| | - Formats: CD | | |
+-------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+----------------------+--------+
| *El Tren de los Momentos: En Vivo Desde Buenos Aires* | - Released: 30 October 2007 | 17 | 26 |
| | - Label: WEA | | |
| | - Formats: CD+DVD | | |
+-------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+----------------------+--------+
| *Canciones Para Un Paraíso En Vivo* | - Released: 5 July 2010 | 14 | 27 |
| | - Label: WEA | | |
| | - Formats: CD+DVD | | |
+-------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+----------------------+--------+
| *La Musica No Se Toca En Vivo* | - Released: 11 November 2013 | --- | --- |
| | - Label: Universal Music Spain | | |
| | - Formats: Digital Download | | |
+-------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+----------------------+--------+
| *Sirope En Vivo* | - Released: 27 November 2015 | --- | --- |
| | - Label: Universal Music Spain | | |
| | - Formats: Digital Download | | |
+-------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+----------------------+--------+
| *+Es+ El Concierto* | - Released: 8 December 2017 | 1 | --- |
| | - Label: Universal Music Spain | | |
| | - Formats: Digital Download | | |
+-------------------------------------------------------+----------------------------------+----------------------+--------+
| 1,134 |
Alejandro Sanz discography
| 0 |
10,145,730 |
# Alejandro Sanz discography
## Albums
### Compilation albums {#compilation_albums}
+--------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+----------------------+-----+
| Title | Details | Peak chart positions | |
+==================================================+===========================================+======================+=====+
| SPA\ | MEX\ | US\ | |
| | | Latin\ | |
+--------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+----------------------+-----+
| *Discografía Completa: Edición Especial Gira 98* | - Released: 1998 | --- | --- |
| | - Label: WEA | | |
| | - Formats: 4CD | | |
+--------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+----------------------+-----+
| *Best of Alejandro Sanz* | - Released: 1999 | --- | --- |
| | - Label: Warner Music Group\|WEA Latina | | |
| | - Formats: CD | | |
+--------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+----------------------+-----+
| *Lo Esencial de\... Alejandro Sanz* | - Released: 20 November 2001 | --- | --- |
| | - Label: WEA | | |
| | - Formats: 3CD | | |
+--------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+----------------------+-----+
| *Grandes Éxitos 91_04* | - US title: *Grandes Éxitos 97_04* | 1 | 5 |
| | - Released: 16 November 2004 | | |
| | - Label: WEA | | |
| | - Formats: 2CD, 3CD, CD | | |
+--------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+----------------------+-----+
| *Colección Definitiva* | - Released: 16 November 2011 | 7 | 36 |
| | - Label: WEA | | |
| | - Formats: 4CD+DVD, 2CD, 2CD+DVD, CD | | |
+--------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+----------------------+-----+
| *Álbumes De Estudio 1991--2009* | - Released: 27 November 2012 | 75 | --- |
| | - Label: WEA | | |
| | - Formats: 8CD | | |
+--------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------+----------------------+-----+
| \"---\" denotes releases that did not chart
| 258 |
Alejandro Sanz discography
| 1 |
10,145,736 |
# Bossom baronets
The **Bossom Baronetcy**, of Maidstone in the County of Kent, is a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 4 July 1953 for the architect and Conservative Member of Parliament for Maidstone, Alfred Bossom. In 1960 he was further honoured when he was created a life peer as **Baron Bossom**, *of Maidstone in the County of Kent*. The life peerage became extinct on his death in 1965 while he was succeeded in the baronetcy by his second but only surviving son, the second holder of the baronetcy. He was a former Conservative Member of Parliament for Leominster.
## Bossom baronets, of Maidstone (1953) {#bossom_baronets_of_maidstone_1953}
- Sir Alfred Charles Bossom, 1st Baronet (1881--1965) (created **Baron Bossom** in 1960)
- Sir Clive Bossom, 2nd Baronet (1918--2017)
- Sir Bruce Bossom, 3rd Baronet (born 1952)
The heir apparent to the baronetcy is his son George Edward Martin Bossom (born 1992)
| 155 |
Bossom baronets
| 0 |
10,145,747 |
# University of Tennessee Agriculture Farm Mound
The **University of Tennessee Agriculture Farm Mound** is an archaeological site on the agriculture campus of the University of Tennessee in Knoxville, Tennessee. The site is a burial mound made by people of the Woodland period and has been dated as early as 644 AD. Today, the site is a landmark on the University of Tennessee campus and is listed in the National Register of Historic Places.
## Location
The site is located at the University of Tennessee (UT) Agricultural Campus at the corner of Joe Johnson Drive and Chapman Drive. In 2011, a garden was built around the site to protect it from \"construction damage\" and attract interest and attention to the mound. The design of the garden was developed by Hendrik van de Werken and Don Williams, professors of Ornamental Horticulture and Landscape Design at the university, and was revised by Sam Rogers, Department of Plant Sciences. The president of the Tennessee Chapter of Gamma Sigma Delta (The Honor Society of Agriculture), Fred Allen, proposed the project to the UT Chapter in 2008 \"as a long term service project to enhance the educational opportunities and aesthetic beauty of the site\". Project directors enlisted the help of the Eastern Cherokee tribe and Tribal Historic Preservation. Principal Chief Michell Hicks attended the ribbon-cutting ceremony, and elder Mertyl Driver blessed the site.
According to the UT Institute of Agriculture, \"The goal of the project is to honor the Native American tradition dating back to 644 A.D. when the Woodland People used burial mounds as a way of burying and honoring their deceased
| 268 |
University of Tennessee Agriculture Farm Mound
| 0 |
10,145,751 |
# Malaysia Open (badminton)
The **Malaysia Open** (*Terbuka Malaysia*) is an annual badminton tournament that has been held since 1937. It has been played in various locations such as Johor Bahru, Kota Kinabalu, Kuching, Penang, Selangor, and Kuantan.
The event\'s annual pattern was interrupted three times: from 1942 to 1946, because of World War II, from 1969 to 1982, and from 2020 to 2021, because of the COVID-19 pandemic. It became one of the BWF Super Series tournaments from 2007 to 2017 known as the **Malaysia Super Series**. BWF categorised Malaysia Open as one of the five BWF World Tour Super 750 events in the BWF events structure since 2018. Since 2023, it became a Super 1000 tournament.
## Host cities {#host_cities}
Since 2003, Malaysia Open has been held in cities across Malaysia.
City Years host
--------------- ------------------------------------------
Kota Kinabalu 2003
Kuantan 2004
Kuala Lumpur 2005, 2007--2015, 2018--2019, 2022--2025
Kuching 2006, 2017
Shah Alam 2016
## Past winners {#past_winners}
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| Year | Men\'s singles | Women\'s singles | Men\'s doubles | Women\'s doubles | Mixed doubles | Ref |
+=========+===================================================================================================================================================================================+==========================+===================================================================+===================================================================+==================================================================+=====+
| 1937 | A. S. Samuel | Alice Pennefather | A. S. Samuel\ | Alice Pennefather\ | Wong Peng Soon\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|Federated Malay States}}`{=mediawiki} Chan Kon Leong | Ong Siew Eng | Waileen Wong | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1938 | Tan Chong Tee | Moey Chwee Lan | | Chan Kon Neong\ | | |
| | | | | `{{flagicon|Federated Malay States}}`{=mediawiki} Ida Lim | | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1939 | Seah Eng Hee | Cecilia Chan | Teh Gin Sooi\ | Chan Kon Neong\ | Ooi Teik Hock\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|Federated Malay States}}`{=mediawiki} Low Keat Soo | `{{flagicon|Federated Malay States}}`{=mediawiki} Chung Kon Yoong | `{{flagicon|Federated Malay States}}`{=mediawiki} Cecilia Chan | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1940 | Wong Peng Soon | | Ooi Teik Hock\ | Lee Chee Neo\ | Wong Peng Soon\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|Federated Malay States}}`{=mediawiki} Tan Kin Hong | `{{flagicon|Federated Malay States}}`{=mediawiki} Lee Kim Neo | `{{flagicon|Federated Malay States}}`{=mediawiki} Lee Chee Neo | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1941 | | Lee Chee Neo | Chee Choon Wah\ | | Chee Choon Wah\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|Federated Malay States}}`{=mediawiki} Chee Choon Keng | | `{{flagicon|Federated Malay States}}`{=mediawiki} Ong Eak Eam | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1942--\ | *No competition* | | | | | |
| 1946 | | | | | | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1947 | Wong Peng Soon | Cecilia Samuel | Ooi Teik Hock\ | Cecilia Samuel\ | Chan Kon Leong\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|Federated Malay States}}`{=mediawiki} Tan Kin Hong | `{{flagicon|Federated Malay States}}`{=mediawiki} Molly Chin | `{{flagicon|Federated Malay States}}`{=mediawiki} Cecilia Samuel | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1948 | Ooi Teik Hock | Helen Heng | | Alice Pennefather\ | Chan Kon Leong\ | |
| | | | | Helen Heng | `{{flagicon|Federated Malay States}}`{=mediawiki} Lee Keng Sim | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1949 | Wong Peng Soon | | Chan Kon Leong\ | Amy Choong\ | Eddy Choong\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|Federated Malay States}}`{=mediawiki} Yeoh Teck Chye | `{{flagicon|Federated Malay States}}`{=mediawiki} Cheah Kooi See | `{{flagicon|Federated Malay States}}`{=mediawiki} Amy Choong | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1950 | | Cecilia Samuel | Ong Poh Lim\ | Cecilia Samuel\ | Goh Chong Hong\ | |
| | | | Ismail Marjan | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Hoi Sai Ying | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Valentine Chan | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1951 | | | Chan Kon Leong\ | Cecilia Samuel\ | | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Abdullah Piruz | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Lam Kit Lin | | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1952 | | | David Choong\ | Amy Choong\ | Ong Poh Lim\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Law Teik Hock | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Cheah Kooi See | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Cecilia Samuel | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1953 | | | Ong Poh Lim\ | Cecilia Samuel\ | Lee Yew Seng\ | |
| | | | Ismail Marjan | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Phua Yoke Chin | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Chia Peck Sim | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1954 | Ong Poh Lim | | Chan Kon Leong\ | | Chan Kon Leong\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Lee Kee Fong | | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Cecilia Samuel | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1955 | Ferry Sonneville | | Ong Poh Lim\ | | Jörgen Hammergaard Hansen\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Ooi Teik Hock | | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Amy Choong | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1956 | Ong Poh Lim | Yang Weng Ching | Ong Poh Lim\ | Yang Weng Ching\ | Abdullah Piruz\ | |
| | | | Ismail Marjan | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Oei Lin Nio | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Chia Peck Sim | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1957 | Eddy Choong | Tan Gaik Bee | Teh Kew San\ | Tan Gaik Bee\ | Lim Say Hup\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Lim Say Hup | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Lam Kit Lin | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Tan Gaik Bee | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1958 | Charoen Wattanasin | Pratuang Pattabongs | Charoen Wattanasin\ | | | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|THA}}`{=mediawiki} Kamal Sudthivanich | | | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1959 | | | Teh Kew San\ | Tan Gaik Bee\ | | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Lim Say Hup | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Cecilia Samuel | | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1960 | Eddy Choong | Minarni | | | | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1961 | Jim Poole | Tan Gaik Bee | Tan Yee Khan\ | | *No competition* | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Ng Boon Bee | | | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1962 | Charoen Wattanasin | | Teh Kew San\ | Tan Gaik Bee\ | Teh Kew San\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} George Yap | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Ng Mei Ling | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Ng Mei Ling | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1963 | Yew Cheng Hoe | | Tan Yee Khan\ | | Eddy Choong\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|MAS}}`{=mediawiki} Ng Boon Bee | | `{{flagicon|MAS}}`{=mediawiki} Tan Gaik Bee | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1964 | Billy Ng Seow Meng | Sylvia Tan | | Teoh Siew Yong\ | *No competition* | |
| | | | | `{{flagicon|MAS}}`{=mediawiki} Rosalind Singha Ang | | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1965 | Tan Aik Huang | Rosalind Singha Ang | | | Teh Kew San\ | |
| | | | | | `{{flagicon|Malaya}}`{=mediawiki} Ng Mei Ling | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1966 | | Minarni | Eddy Choong\ | Retno Koestijah\ | Abdul Patah Unang\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|MAS}}`{=mediawiki} Tan Aik Huang | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Minarni | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Retno Koestijah | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1967 | Erland Kops | | Tan Yee Khan\ | | Tan Joe Hock\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|MAS}}`{=mediawiki} Ng Boon Bee | | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Retno Koestijah | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1968 | Tan Aik Huang | Hiroe Yuki | | Machiko Aizawa\ | Svend Andersen\ | |
| | | | | `{{flagicon|JPN|1870}}`{=mediawiki} Etsuko Toganoo | `{{flagicon|SWE}}`{=mediawiki} Eva Twedberg | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1969--\ | *No competition* | | | | | |
| 1982 | | | | | | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1983 | Liem Swie King | Pan Zhenli | Bobby Ertanto\ | Kim Yun-ja\ | Martin Dew\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Christian Hadinata | `{{flagicon|KOR|1949}}`{=mediawiki} Yoo Sang-hee | `{{flagicon|ENG}}`{=mediawiki} Nora Perry | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1984 | Icuk Sugiarto | Li Lingwei | Lee Deuk-choon\ | Guan Weizhen\ | Martin Dew\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|KOR|1984}}`{=mediawiki} Kim Moon-soo | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Wu Jianqiu | `{{flagicon|ENG}}`{=mediawiki} Gillian Clark | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1985 | Misbun Sidek | Gillian Gowers | Jalani Sidek\ | Gillian Clark\ | *No competition* | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|MAS}}`{=mediawiki} Razif Sidek | `{{flagicon|ENG}}`{=mediawiki} Gillian Gowers | | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1986 | Zhao Jianhua | Shi Wen | | Wu Jianqiu\ | Bobby Ertanto\ | |
| | | | | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Lin Ying | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Verawaty Fadjrin | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1987 | Yang Yang | Li Lingwei | | Guan Weizhen\ | Steen Fladberg\ | |
| | | | | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Lin Ying | `{{flagicon|ENG}}`{=mediawiki} Gillian Clark | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1988 | Xiong Guobao | Han Aiping | Tian Bingyi\ | | Eddy Hartono\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Li Yongbo | | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Verawaty Fadjrin | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1989 | | | Kim Moon-soo\ | | Park Joo-bong\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|KOR|1984}}`{=mediawiki} Park Joo-bong | | `{{flagicon|KOR|1984}}`{=mediawiki} Chung So-young | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1990 | Rashid Sidek | Huang Hua | | Chung Myung-hee\ | Park Joo-bong\ | |
| | | | | `{{flagicon|KOR|1984}}`{=mediawiki} Chung So-young | `{{flagicon|KOR|1984}}`{=mediawiki} Chung Myung-hee | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1991 | | Sarwendah Kusumawardhani | | Hwang Hye-young\ | Lee Sang-bok\ | |
| | | | | `{{flagicon|KOR|1984}}`{=mediawiki} Chung So-young | `{{flagicon|KOR|1984}}`{=mediawiki} Chung So-young | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1992 | | Huang Hua | Cheah Soon Kit\ | Lim Xiaoqing\ | Thomas Lund\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|MAS}}`{=mediawiki} Soo Beng Kiang | `{{flagicon|SWE}}`{=mediawiki} Christine Magnusson | `{{flagicon|DEN}}`{=mediawiki} Pernille Dupont | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1993 | Ardy Wiranata | Susi Susanti | Rexy Mainaky\ | | Michael Søgaard\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Ricky Subagja | | `{{flagicon|ENG}}`{=mediawiki} Gillian Gowers | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1994 | Joko Suprianto | | | Ge Fei\ | Jan-Eric Antonsson\ | |
| | | | | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Gu Jun | `{{flagicon|SWE}}`{=mediawiki} Astrid Crabo | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1995 | Alan Budikusuma | | Pramote Teerawiwatana\ | Julie Bradbury\ | Kim Dong-moon\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|THA}}`{=mediawiki} Sakrapee Thongsari | `{{flagicon|ENG}}`{=mediawiki} Joanne Wright | `{{flagicon|KOR|1984}}`{=mediawiki} Gil Young-ah | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1996 | Ong Ewe Hock | Zhang Ning | Cheah Soon Kit\ | Lisbet Stuer-Lauridsen\ | Tri Kusharjanto\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|MAS}}`{=mediawiki} Yap Kim Hock | `{{flagicon|DEN}}`{=mediawiki} Marlene Thomsen | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Minarti Timur | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1997 | Hermawan Susanto | Susi Susanti | Rexy Mainaky\ | Ge Fei\ | Liu Yong\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Ricky Subagja | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Gu Jun | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Ge Fei | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1998 | Peter Gade | Zhang Ning | Tony Gunawan\ | Rikke Olsen\ | Tri Kusharjanto\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Halim Haryanto | `{{flagicon|DEN}}`{=mediawiki} Marlene Thomsen | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Minarti Timur | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 1999 | Luo Yigang | Dai Yun | Tony Gunawan\ | Ge Fei\ | Michael Søgaard\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Candra Wijaya | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Gu Jun | `{{flagicon|DEN}}`{=mediawiki} Rikke Olsen | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2000 | Taufik Hidayat | Gong Zhichao | Eng Hian\ | | Kim Dong-moon\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Flandy Limpele | | `{{flagicon|KOR|1997}}`{=mediawiki} Ra Kyung-min | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2001 | Ong Ewe Hock | Gong Ruina | Sigit Budiarto\ | Huang Nanyan\ | Bambang Suprianto\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Candra Wijaya | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Yang Wei | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Emma Ermawati | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2002 | James Chua | Hu Ting | Chen Qiqiu\ | | Nathan Robertson\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Liu Yong | | `{{flagicon|ENG}}`{=mediawiki} Gail Emms | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2003 | Chen Hong | Zhou Mi | Kim Dong-moon\ | Yang Wei\ | Kim Dong-moon\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|KOR|1997}}`{=mediawiki} Lee Dong-soo | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Zhang Jiewen | `{{flagicon|KOR|1997}}`{=mediawiki} Ra Kyung-min | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2004 | Lee Chong Wei | Zhang Ning | Choong Tan Fook\ | | Zhang Jun\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|MAS}}`{=mediawiki} Lee Wan Wah | | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Gao Ling | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2005 | | | Sigit Budiarto\ | | Lee Jae-jin\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Candra Wijaya | | `{{flagicon|KOR|1997}}`{=mediawiki} Lee Hyo-jung | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2006 | | | Chan Chong Ming\ | Gao Ling\ | Zhang Jun\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|MAS}}`{=mediawiki} Koo Kien Keat | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Huang Sui | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Gao Ling | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2007 | Peter Gade | Zhu Lin | Koo Kien Keat\ | | Zheng Bo\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|MAS}}`{=mediawiki} Tan Boon Heong | | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Gao Ling | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2008 | Lee Chong Wei | Tine Rasmussen | Markis Kido\ | Yang Wei\ | He Hanbin\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Hendra Setiawan | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Zhang Jiewen | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Yu Yang | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2009 | | | Jung Jae-sung\ | Lee Hyo-jung\ | Nova Widianto\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|KOR|1997}}`{=mediawiki} Lee Yong-dae | `{{flagicon|KOR|1997}}`{=mediawiki} Lee Kyung-won | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Liliyana Natsir | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2010 | | Wang Xin | Koo Kien Keat\ | Du Jing\ | Tao Jiaming\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|MAS}}`{=mediawiki} Tan Boon Heong | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Yu Yang | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Zhang Yawen | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2011 | | Wang Shixian | Chai Biao\ | Tian Qing\ | He Hanbin\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Guo Zhendong | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Zhao Yunlei | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Ma Jin | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2012 | | Wang Yihan | Fang Chieh-min\ | Christinna Pedersen\ | Zhang Nan\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|TPE}}`{=mediawiki} Lee Sheng-mu | `{{flagicon|DEN}}`{=mediawiki} Kamilla Rytter Juhl | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Zhao Yunlei | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2013 | | Tai Tzu-ying | Mohammad Ahsan\ | Tian Qing\ | Joachim Fischer Nielsen\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Hendra Setiawan | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Bao Yixin | `{{flagicon|DEN}}`{=mediawiki} Christinna Pedersen | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2014 | | Li Xuerui | Goh V Shem\ | Bao Yixin\ | Xu Chen\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|MAS}}`{=mediawiki} Lim Khim Wah | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Tang Jinhua | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Ma Jin | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2015 | Chen Long | Carolina Marín | Mohammad Ahsan\ | Luo Ying\ | Zhang Nan\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Hendra Setiawan | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Luo Yu | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Zhao Yunlei | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2016 | Lee Chong Wei | Ratchanok Intanon | Kim Gi-jung\ | Tang Yuanting\ | Tontowi Ahmad\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|KOR}}`{=mediawiki} Kim Sa-rang | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Yu Yang | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Liliyana Natsir | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2017 | Lin Dan | Tai Tzu-ying | Marcus Fernaldi Gideon\ | Yuki Fukushima\ | Zheng Siwei\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Kevin Sanjaya Sukamuljo | `{{flagicon|JPN}}`{=mediawiki} Sayaka Hirota | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Chen Qingchen | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2018 | Lee Chong Wei | | Takeshi Kamura\ | Misaki Matsutomo\ | Zheng Siwei\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|JPN}}`{=mediawiki} Keigo Sonoda | `{{flagicon|JPN}}`{=mediawiki} Ayaka Takahashi | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Huang Yaqiong | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2019 | Lin Dan | | Li Junhui\ | Chen Qingchen\ | | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Liu Yuchen | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Jia Yifan | | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2020 | *Cancelled*`{{refn|group="note"|This tournament, originally to be played from 24 to 29 November, was later cancelled due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia]].}}`{=mediawiki} | | | | | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2021 | *Cancelled*`{{refn|group="note"|This tournament, originally to be played from 25 to 30 May, was later cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia.}}`{=mediawiki} | | | | | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2022 | Viktor Axelsen | Ratchanok Intanon | Takuro Hoki\ | Apriyani Rahayu\ | Zheng Siwei\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|JPN}}`{=mediawiki} Yugo Kobayashi | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Siti Fadia Silva Ramadhanti | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Huang Yaqiong | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2023 | | Akane Yamaguchi | Fajar Alfian\ | Chen Qingchen\ | | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|INA}}`{=mediawiki} Muhammad Rian Ardianto | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Jia Yifan | | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2024 | Anders Antonsen | An Se-young | Liang Weikeng\ | Liu Shengshu\ | Yuta Watanabe\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Wang Chang | `{{flagicon|CHN}}`{=mediawiki} Tan Ning | `{{flagicon|JPN}}`{=mediawiki} Arisa Higashino | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
| 2025 | Shi Yuqi | | Kim Won-ho\ | Yuki Fukushima\ | Dechapol Puavaranukroh\ | |
| | | | `{{flagicon|KOR}}`{=mediawiki} Seo Seung-jae | `{{flagicon|JPN}}`{=mediawiki} Mayu Matsumoto | `{{flagicon|THA}}`{=mediawiki} Supissara Paewsampran | |
+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+
## Performances by nation {#performances_by_nation}
| 2,687 |
Malaysia Open (badminton)
| 0 |
10,145,751 |
# Malaysia Open (badminton)
## Performances by nation {#performances_by_nation}
+-------+-------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
| Rank | Nation | MS | WS | MD | WD | XD | Total |
+=======+=====================================+========+========+========+========+=========+==========+
| 1 | **Federated Malay States\ | 28 | 17 | 32.5 | 21 | 18.5 | **117** |
| | Malaya\ | | | | | | |
| | `{{flagcountry|MAS}}`{=mediawiki}** | | | | | | |
+-------+-------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
| 2 | | 10 | 23 | 5 | 26 | 15 | **79** |
+-------+-------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
| 3 | | 8 | 9 | 14 | 4 | 9 | **44** |
+-------+-------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
| 4 | Straits Settlements\ | 12 | 3 | 3.5 | 2 | 3 | **23.5** |
| | `{{flagcountry|SGP}}`{=mediawiki} | | | | | | |
+-------+-------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
| 5 | | \|2 | 8 | 4 | 7 | **21** | |
+-------+-------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
| 6 | | 6 | 2 | | 3 | 5 | **16** |
+-------+-------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
| 7 | | 3 | 4 | 2 | | 1 | **10** |
+-------+-------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
| 8 | | \|2 | 2 | 4 | 1 | **9** | |
+-------+-------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
| 9 | | \|1 | | 2 | 4 | **7** | |
+-------+-------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
| 10 | | \|4 | 1 | | | **5** | |
+-------+-------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
| 11 | | | | \|2 | 1.5 | **3
| 235 |
Malaysia Open (badminton)
| 1 |
10,145,762 |
# Gangbuster Bill
The **Gangbuster Bill**, formally known as the \"Gang Deterrence and Community Protection Act of 2005\", was a proposed piece of legislation in the U.S. Congress.
## Description
Principally sponsored by Representative Randy Forbes, a Republican from Virginia, with a number of co-sponsors, the Gangbuster Bill would have allowed teenage gang members to be tried as adults and have increased the mandatory minimum sentence to ten years for some violent gang-related crimes. The bill passed the House of Representatives 279-144 with mostly Republican support. The bill was widely supported by a number of national law-enforcement organizations, such as the Fraternal Order of Police, the National Association of Police Organizations, and the National Sheriffs\' Association. The legislation failed to pass the Senate, in part due to opposition from some African-American and Hispanic-American organizations, such as the National Council of La Raza.
The proposed legislation pursued two principal goals:
- Designate \"High Intensity Gang Areas\" and authorize funds to combat gang activity in those areas.
- Define gang crime in the federal code and specify punishments for gang-related crimes and other violent crimes.
In 2007 Rep. Forbes reintroduced the legislation, which has currently been referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary
| 202 |
Gangbuster Bill
| 0 |
10,145,764 |
# Farchant
**Farchant** is a municipality in the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, in Bavaria, Germany.
## Transport
The district has a railway station, `{{stn|Farchant}}`{=mediawiki}, on the Munich--Garmisch-Partenkirchen railway
| 27 |
Farchant
| 0 |
10,145,790 |
# Grainau
**Grainau** (Southern Bavarian: *Groana*) is a municipality in the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, in southern Bavaria, Germany. It is located at the foot of the Zugspitze mountain, the tallest mountain in Germany in the sub-mountain range of the Wetterstein Alps which is a branch off the main mountain range it is connected to, the Alps. Lake Eibsee in Grainau lies at the foot of the Zugspitze surrounded by forest.
## Geography
Grainau lies at the foot of the Zugspitze in the Wetterstein Mountains. It is part of the seven municipalities of the former County of Werdenfels, along with Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Farchant, Mittenwald, Krün and Wallgau. Grainau is also home to two mountain lakes, the Badersee and the Eibsee. Waxenstein mountain sits to the south, while the Kramerspitz mountain and Ammergau Alps sit to the north
| 135 |
Grainau
| 0 |
10,145,802 |
# George Berkeley, 8th Baron Berkeley
**George Berkeley, 8th Baron Berkeley, KB** (1601 -- 10 August 1658) was a seventeenth-century English nobleman and a prominent patron of literature in his generation.
## Family
George Berkeley, baptized 26 October 1601 at Low Leyton, Essex, was the only surviving son of Sir Thomas Berkeley (11 July 1575 -- 22 November 1611) and Elizabeth Carey, daughter and sole heir of George Carey, 2nd Baron Hunsdon.
He was the paternal grandson of Henry Berkeley, 7th Baron Berkeley (d. 26 November 1613), by his first wife, Katherine Howard (d. 7 April 1596), third daughter of Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey and Frances de Vere, daughter of John de Vere, 15th Earl of Oxford and Elizabeth Trussell.
## Career
Berkeley\'s childhood was spent in Warwickshire, where he was a pupil of the translator, Philemon Holland of Coventry, and of Henry Ashwood.
He succeeded to his titles of Baron Berkeley of Berkeley, Mowbray, Segrave, & Breuse of Gower at the death of his grandfather, Henry Berkeley, 7th Baron Berkeley, on 26 November 1613. His family seat was at Berkeley Castle in Gloucestershire. He was made a Knight of the Order of the Bath on 4 November 1616, when Prince Charles was made Prince of Wales. He was educated at Christ Church, Oxford, and received his M.A. degree from the university in 1623. He was made a member of the Council of Wales and the Marches in 1633.
Berkeley supported a range of important writers in the Jacobean and Caroline eras. A number of significant figures dedicated their works to him in gratitude for his patronage---;or in hope of receiving it. These included Robert Burton, who dedicated *The Anatomy of Melancholy* to Berkeley upon its publication in 1621. Berkeley was a notable patron of English Renaissance drama: Philip Massinger dedicated his play *The Renegado* to Berkeley on its 1630 publication, as James Shirley did his *The Young Admiral* in 1637. John Webster dedicated *The Duchess of Malfi* to Berkeley in 1623. The wording of Webster\'s dedication suggests that Webster was seeking Berkeley\'s patronage rather than acknowledging support already given; it is not known to what degree the supplication was effective.
Through both his own and his wife\'s families Berkeley was connected with established traditions of support for literature. His maternal grandfather had backed the Lord Chamberlain\'s Men, the acting company of William Shakespeare. Berkeley himself has been described as \"a friend of the King\'s Men.\" His wife was connected to Katherine Stanhope, the dedicatee of Massinger\'s *The Duke of Milan.*
At his death in 1658, Berkeley was succeeded as 9th Baron Berkeley by his second son, also named George Berkeley.
(Note: members of the Berkeley family, the descendants of Robert Fitzharding, are usually referred to by the Berkeley surname. The 8th Baron is George Berkeley in many sources. In his own era, however, in the dedications of contemporaneous works such as *The Duchess of Malfi*, he is identified as George Harding.)
## Marriage and issue {#marriage_and_issue}
Berkeley married, on 13 April 1614, Elizabeth Stanhope (d. 1669), the second daughter and coheir of Sir Michael Stanhope of Sudbourne, Suffolk, by Anne Reade (b. 21 December 1604), the daughter of Sir William Reade of Osterley, Middlesex. The marriage produced three children, but had broken down by 1630:
- Charles (1623--41) drowned, when returning to England from France
| 557 |
George Berkeley, 8th Baron Berkeley
| 0 |
10,145,807 |
# Großweil
**Großweil** is a municipality in the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, in Bavaria, Germany
| 14 |
Großweil
| 0 |
10,145,811 |
# Curtiss OXX
*Pandoc failed*: ```
Error at (line 7, column 3):
unexpected '{'
}}{{Infobox Aircraft Engine
^
``
| 19 |
Curtiss OXX
| 0 |
10,145,831 |
# Tim Steele (footballer)
**Timothy Wesley Steele** (born 1 December 1967) is an English former professional footballer who played as a midfielder for Bradford City, Exeter City, Hereford United, Shrewsbury Town, Stoke City and Wolverhampton Wanderers.
Steele began his career with Shrewsbury Town where he spent four years before moving to Wolverhampton Wanderers. He helped Wolves gain promotion in 1988--89 before he lost his place in the side to Andy Thompson. He joined Stoke City on loan in 1991--92 before leaving for Bradford City permanently in the summer of 1993. He then played for Hereford United and Exeter City.
## Career
Steele was born in Coventry and started his playing career with Shrewsbury Town making his debut as a substitute at home to Fulham during the 1985--86 season he played eleven times in 1986--87 scoring once and then scored 4 goals in 37 matches in 1987--88 as the \"Shrews\" continued to avoid relegation. However they began the 1988--89 terribly and were well on their way to relegation. He left Shrewsbury in February 1989 in favour of a move to Wolverhampton Wanderers and under the management of Graham Turner Wolves won the Third Division title in 1988--89. Steele played in 15 matches in 1989--90 and 32 matches in 1990--91 but saw his place taken by Andy Thompson in December 1991. He joined Third Division Stoke City on loan in February 1992 and played seven matches for the \"Potters\" during the 1991--92 season scoring once in his final match against Exeter City. He was rarely used by Wolves in 1992--93 making just four appearances and was released at the end of the season.
He joined Bradford City with whom he played 14 times scoring once before signing for Hereford United in January 1994. He spent two and a half years at Edgar Street making 28 appearances scoring twice and ended his career with a season at Exeter City where he played 25 times scoring three goals.
In July 1997, Steele joined non-league side Tamworth. In an eventful five years with The Lambs, Steele briefly managed the team after the departure of Paul Hendrie, and even played a game in goal after goalkeeper Darren Acton was sent off for handling the ball outside of his area, Steele went on to keep a clean sheet. At the end of the 2000--01 season, Steele was released by Tamworth and went on to play for Sutton Coldfield Town, he has since retired
| 406 |
Tim Steele (footballer)
| 0 |
10,145,841 |
# Krün
**Krün** is a municipality in the Upper Bavarian district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen. It belongs with Garmisch-Partenkirchen as district capital and cultural center as well as other municipalities to the region Werdenfelser Land. A few kilometers south runs the German-Austrian border.
The village, together with Mittenwald and Wallgau, builds the tourism network *Alpenwelt Karwendel* who markets the holiday region throughout the year as a starting point for sports and recreational activities such as hiking and cross-country skiing.
In 2015, Krün was the host-community of the 41st G7 summit. It took place on 7 June and 8 June 2015 in Schloss Elmau, which belongs as a separate district to the municipality of Krün. On the occasion of the G7 summit US-President Barack Obama visited the village together with Chancellor Angela Merkel and her husband.
From June 26 to 28, 2022, Krün once again hosted the G7 Summit.
## Geography
Krün is located in the Upper Isar Valley, about 100 kilometres south of Munich and 15 kilometres east of Garmisch-Partenkirchen. It is located 6 kilometres north of Mittenwald and 2 kilometres south of Wallgau.
To the east, the Soiern Mountains rise with the Soiernspitze (2257 m above sea level. NN) and the local mountains Schöttlkarspitze (2050 m above sea level. NN), Seinskopf (1961 m above sea level. NN) and Signalkopf (1895 m above sea level. NN). In the southeast, above Mittenwald, the Karwendel Mountains extend. The *Karwendel* is also the eponym of the tourist region, with average heights of about 2300 m above sea level. NN . In the southwest, the Wettersteingebirge dominates the scenery. It locates the highest German mountain, the Zugspitze (2964 m above sea level. NN) and the distinctive Alpspitze (2628 m above sea level. NN). In the northwest, lying in the Estergebirge, is the highest point of the village, the mountain *Klaffen* (1829 m above sea level. NN).
East of Krün, the river Isar flows in a northerly direction at first. The crossover passage to the Walchensee and the corresponding hydroelectric plant runs through the town towards Wallgau.
## History
Krün was first mentioned in 1294 with two farmsteads belonging to the Benediktbeuern Abbey. In 1491, the monastery sold the village with now four farmsteads to the Bishopric of Freising. Since the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss, Krün was part of the Electorate of Bavaria. The village was part of the former County of Werdenfels until 1803. In the course of administrative reforms in the Kingdom of Bavaria, the contemporary municipality was formed.
## Coat of arms {#coat_of_arms}
A golden mitre with dependent tapes on a red ground with a silver pike pole and a silver crosier diagonally crossed. The colors red, gold and silver represent the two spiritual manors of the Convent Benediktbeuern (red / silver) and the Bishopric of Freising (red / gold) as well as the political affiliation of the former County of Werdenfels. The mitre also symbolizes the dominion of Freising, the crosier the dominion of Benediktbeuren. The pike pole documents the importance of timber rafting for the village and its economic development during the past centuries.
## Economy and Infrastructure {#economy_and_infrastructure}
As in the whole region, tourism is the main industry in Krün. In 2013, 51 accommodation establishments offered 1,379 guest beds (including camping) and 365,983 overnight stays demonstrate the importance of tourism for the municipality. There were 120,326 more overnight stays in private houses in the same year.
### Traffic
Krün is located on the German Alpine Road. The federal highway No. 11 runs in a northerly direction via Wallgau and Walchensee to Kochel am See.
The location is well served by public transport with both official bus routes and the rail network of the Deutsche Bahn.
The railroad from Munich to Innsbruck passes the municipal station in the village of Klais.
For holidaymakers there is also a bus network that can be used with the holiday region\'s guest card for free. The busses approach some hiking trails and alps in the summer and ski resorts and cross-country ski trails in the winter.
## Lakes
In the proximity of Krün there are several small lakes like Barmsee, Geroldsee, Grubsee and Tennsee. At the southern end of the village is an artificial lake of the river Isar. By here, a channel branches towards the Walchensee and so supplies the well-known Walchensee Hydroelectric Power Station.
| 717 |
Krün
| 0 |
10,145,841 |
# Krün
## Tourist attractions and buildings {#tourist_attractions_and_buildings}
- Historic district of the village Klais
- Rococo-Church St
| 18 |
Krün
| 1 |
10,145,851 |
# Hattie Alexander
**Hattie Elizabeth Alexander** (April 5, 1901 -- June 24, 1968) was an American pediatrician and microbiologist. She earned her M.D. from Johns Hopkins University in 1930 and continued her research and medical career at Columbia-Presbyterian Hospital in New York City. Alexander became the lead microbiologist and the head of the bacterial infections program at Columbia-Presbyterian. She occupied many prestigious positions at Columbia University and was well honored even after her death from liver cancer in 1968. Alexander is known for her development of the first effective remedies for *Haemophilus influenzae* infection, as well as being one of the first scientists to identify and study antibiotic resistance. She has received many awards and honors including the E. Mead Johnson Award in 1942, for her headway in pediatric research and antibiotic resistance. Alexander\'s research and studies helped lay the ground work for research into antibiotic and vaccine development.
## Early life and education {#early_life_and_education}
Alexander was born in Baltimore, Maryland, on April 5, 1901, the second of seven children. Her birth was not registered properly, thus later on in her life she had to provide proof of her baptism in order to receive a passport. Alexander distinguished herself throughout school, so much so that her high school English teacher obtained a full scholarship for her at Goucher College. Alexander graduated from Goucher College in 1923 with a bachelor\'s of arts degree in bacteriology and physiology. One of the first jobs Alexander had after she graduated was in the National Laboratory in Washington, D.C., as a bacteriologist. Here she met and impressed the director of the laboratory, Septima Smith, who helped to financially support Alexander in medical school. She worked for the United States Public Health Service and the Maryland Public Health Service, and was initially enrolled at the University of Maryland before she transferred to Johns Hopkins University medical school, where she received her M.D. in 1930 with a focus on pediatrics. Alexander\'s mentor during medical school was Dr. Edwards Park. Another professor at Johns Hopkins, Rustin McIntosh, helped develop her interest in pediatrics. She completed her internship at Baltimore\'s Harriet Lane Home located at Johns Hopkins Hospital. Alexander was afterwards a resident at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center\'s Babies Hospital in New York City, due to an invitation from Dr. McIntosh, where she stayed for the rest of her career.
## Career
In 1932, Alexander became an instructor and researcher in the Department of Pediatrics at Columbia University, where she spent her entire professional career. Here, Alexander slowly made her way up the professional hierarchy, starting as the Holt Fellow in Diseases of Children in 1932, Assistant in Diseases of Children in 1934, and Instructor in Diseases of Children in 1935. From 1936 to 1943, Alexander was the associate in pediatrics before continuing to work her way up the professional chain by becoming assistant professor in 1943, associate professor in 1948, and finally professor from 1958. She retired in 1966. While at the Columbia-Presbyterian Babies Hospital, Alexander became the main authority on bacterial infections and the lead microbiologist in the laboratory. From 1941 to 1945, she served as a consultant to Secretary of War Henry L. Stimson on the Influenza Commission. Alexander was the first woman to serve as president of the American Pediatric Society. Alexander died of liver cancer in New York City on June 24, 1968. Her obituary was published in *The New York Times* and *The Baltimore Sun*, which recognized her for producing the first treatment for influenzal meningitis.
| 582 |
Hattie Alexander
| 0 |
10,145,851 |
# Hattie Alexander
## Research
Alexander\'s work aimed to advance research of infectious diseases and the biology of the microorganisms that cause meningitis in a time before antibiotics or vaccinations. Her research focused primarily on the mechanisms and effects of meningitis in children which at the time had a high mortality rate. Alexander started her studies by trying to identify the prognostic and diagnostic strategies of meningitis. She was able to successfully identify in one of her early studies the prognostic ability of cerebrospinal fluid in precipitin tests. Hattie noted that those with a positive precipitin test result had a higher rate of mortality than those with a negative result. In the wake of the development of an anti-pneumonia serum at New York\'s Rockefeller Institute, Alexander reported a cure rate for infants of 75% with influenzal meningitis in 1939. In the early 1940s, Alexander began researching *Haemophilus influenzae* (Hib) meningitis, at the time an almost invariably fatal disease in infants and young children. She started experimenting with rabbit serum and in 1939 she referenced in one of her research papers that the results looked promising for children. Alexander later experimented with sulfonamides and its effects on pyogenic meningitis. She concluded that sulfonamides are insufficient in treating meningitis alone, and those who were treated with sulfonamides and recovered only did due to the antibodies that they produced. These experiments led her to develop an improved antiserum for the disease; by combining rabbit serum therapy with the use of sulfa drugs. This combination became the lead treatment of meningitis until antibiotics.
By developing standardized techniques for diagnosis and treatment, she and her associate Grace Leidy helped reduce the mortality rate from Hib from nearly 100 percent to less than 25 percent. Later, Alexander and Leidy studied the effect of antibiotics on Hib, finding streptomycin to be highly effective. The combined use of the antiserum, sulfa drugs, and antibiotics significantly lowered the mortality rate from Hib.
In the course of her research on antibiotics, Alexander noted and reported the appearance of antibiotic-resistant strains of Hib. She concluded, correctly, that this was caused by random genetic mutations in DNA which were positively selected through evolution; she and Leidy demonstrated the occurrence of transformation in the Hib bacillus, leading to resistance.
| 376 |
Hattie Alexander
| 1 |
10,145,851 |
# Hattie Alexander
## Awards and honors {#awards_and_honors}
Alexander received numerous honors and awards for her work, including the E. Mead Johnson Award (1942), the Elizabeth Blackwell Award (1956), and the Oscar B. Hunter Memorial Award (1962). In 1963, she was awarded Babies Hospital Distinguished Service Medal, and in 1964, she was elected president of the American Pediatric Society. She was the first woman to be elected to this position. Even after her death, Hattie Alexander was honored for her service and accomplishments. Alexander received two honorary degrees: one from Goucher College and one from Wheaton College
| 97 |
Hattie Alexander
| 2 |
10,145,867 |
# Oberau
**Oberau** is a municipality in the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, in Bavaria, Germany.
## Geography
### Location
Oberau is located at the Loisach in the so-called \"Zugspitzland\". The distance between the village center and Garmisch-Partenkirchen is 8 km, whereas Oberammergau lies to the northwest (about 9 km away). The Bavarian capital Munich is 72 km away, while Innsbruck in Austrian Tyrol is 70 km away.
In addition to the parish village of Oberau, the hamlet of Buchwies, located about one kilometer east of the village, is an integral administrative part of the municipality.
## Transport
The district has a railway station, `{{stn|Oberau}}`{=mediawiki}, on the Munich--Garmisch-Partenkirchen railway
| 107 |
Oberau
| 0 |
10,145,874 |
# John Egerton, 2nd Duke of Bridgewater
**John Egerton, 2nd Duke of Bridgwater** (29 April 1727 -- 26 February 1748), known as **Lord John Egerton** until 1731 and as **Marquess of Brackley** from 1731 to 1745, was a British peer from the Egerton family. He was also known as the **5th Earl of Bridgewater** from 1745 to 1748.
Egerton was the fourth son of Scroop Egerton, 1st Duke of Bridgewater and his second wife Lady Rachael Russell, daughter of Wriothesley Russell, 2nd Duke of Bedford. His older brothers having predeceased him, he succeeded his father as duke in 1745.
Only three years later Egerton died intestate, aged only 20, from a fever and was buried in Little Gaddesden in Hertfordshire on 4 March 1748. He was unmarried and was succeeded in his titles by his younger and only surviving brother Lord Francis Egerton
| 143 |
John Egerton, 2nd Duke of Bridgewater
| 0 |
10,145,879 |
# International Network of Genocide Scholars
The **International Network of Genocide Scholars** (**INoGS**) is a non-profit and non-partisan organization dedicated to fostering scholarly multi-disciplinary exchange and academic debate in the field of genocide studies.
## Creation and goals {#creation_and_goals}
The INoGS was founded on 14 January 2005 in Berlin. INoGS is open to researchers, teachers and students from all academic disciplines working on genocide and mass violence, and has worked closely with academic institutions such as the Centre for the Study of Genocide and Mass Violence.
Since 2005, the *Journal of Genocide Research* is the official journal of the INoGS. The INoGS regularly organizes and sponsors international conferences and workshops on the subject of genocide studies.
## Executive committee {#executive_committee}
- Elisabeth Hope Murray, Embry-Riddle University in USA, President
- Mohamed Adhikari, University of Cape Town vice-president.
- Raz Segal, Stockton University USA, Executive Secretary
- Rachel E. McGinnis Rochester Institute of Technology USA, vice executive secretary
| 157 |
International Network of Genocide Scholars
| 0 |
10,145,884 |
# Dinah Morris
**Dinah Morris** is a major character in George Eliot\'s novel *Adam Bede* (1859); a Methodist lay preacher, she was modelled on Eliot\'s aunt Elizabeth Evans.
Dinah visits the fictional community of Hayslope --- a rural, pastoral and close-knit community in 1799. She says to Lisbeth Bede in Chapter Ten, \"I work in the cotton-mill when I am at home.\" She lives thirty miles away in the fictional Snowfield, in the fictional Stonyshire County.
## Description
She is a cousin by marriage of Hetty Sorrel and related to the Poysers. Rachel Poyser, her aunt, wishes Dinah would stay with them in Hayslope.
Dinah is deeply religious, a follower of Wesleyan Methodism. She lives to comfort others, including Adam Bede\'s mother when her husband is drowned. She offers to help Hetty if she is ever in need. When Hetty commits her crime and cannot own up to it, Dinah\'s presence allows Hetty to face what she has done and ask for forgiveness.
At the beginning of the novel, Dinah lives at the Poyser farm because she is Mrs. Poyser\'s niece. Though she is an attractive woman, she seems to show no signs of self-consciousness while she preaches. In fact, she is sometimes considered to be Eliot\'s most confident female character.
According to Diana Neill, \"The plot \[of *Adam Bede*\] is founded on a story told to George Eliot by her aunt Elizabeth Evans, a preacher, and the original of Dinah Morris of the novel, of a confession of child-murder, made to her by a girl in prison.\"
Dinah\'s preaching is extremely effective, persuading the exceptionally vain Bess to take off her gaudy earrings \-- though only briefly. Her resistance to marriage, because she worries it would curtail her religious teaching, is resolved by Eliot in a manner calculated not to upset the male hierarchy: Dinah was not in fact kept from a traditional marriage by piety, but because no man she truly loved had yet asked her to marry him. Indeed, she turns into a typical housewife by the end of the novel, even consenting to discontinue her preaching because the Methodist men have decided against it
| 358 |
Dinah Morris
| 0 |
10,145,891 |
# Stephen Prothero
**Stephen Richard Prothero** (`{{IPAc-en|ˈ|p|r|oʊ|ð|ə|r|oʊ}}`{=mediawiki}; born November 13, 1960) is an American scholar of religion. He is the C. Allyn and Elizabeth V. Russell Professor Emeritus of Religion in America at Boston University and the author or editor of eleven books on religion in the United States, including the *New York Times* bestseller *Religious Literacy*.
Prothero has argued for mandatory public-school biblical literacy courses (along the lines of the Bible Literacy Project\'s *The Bible and Its Influence*), along with mandatory courses on world religions. He delivered the William Belden Noble Lectures at Harvard University on November 18--20, 2008, on the topic: "The Work of Doing Nothing: Wandering as Practice and Play.\" On the matter of his own personal beliefs, Prothero describes himself as \"religiously confused\".
## Early life and education {#early_life_and_education}
Prothero was born in Cooperstown, New York, on 13 November 1960, the son of \"Dr. and Mrs. S. Richard Prothero\". He was the valedictorian of his Barnstable High School class in Hyannis, Massachusetts, in June 1978. In June 1982 he received his B.A. in American Studies from Yale College, *summa cum laude* and with distinction. In 1986 he received his M.A. in Study of Religion at Harvard University. On 25 April 1990 he completed his Ph.D. there on *Henry Steel Olcott (1832--1907) and the construction of \"Protestant Buddhism.\"* His supervisor was Professor William R. Hutchison.
## Books
- *God the Bestseller: How One Editor Transformed American Religion a Book at a Time* (2023, `{{ISBN|978-0-06-246404-0}}`{=mediawiki})
- *Religion Matters: An Introduction to the World\'s Religions* (2020, `{{ISBN|978-0-39-342204-7}}`{=mediawiki})
- *Why Liberals Win The Culture Wars (Even When They Lose Elections)* (2016, `{{ISBN|978-0-06-157129-9}}`{=mediawiki})
- *The American Bible: How Our Words Unite, Divide, and Define a Nation* (2012, `{{ISBN|978-0-06-212343-5}}`{=mediawiki})
- *God Is Not One: The Eight Rival Religions That Run the World---and Why Their Differences Matter* (2010, `{{ISBN|978-0-06-157127-5}}`{=mediawiki})
- *Religious Literacy: What Every American Needs to Know---and Doesn\'t* (2007, `{{ISBN|0-06-084670-4}}`{=mediawiki})
- *A Nation of Religions: The Politics of Pluralism in Multireligious America* (2006, `{{ISBN|0-8078-5770-X}}`{=mediawiki})
- *American Jesus: How the Son of God Became a National Icon* (2003, `{{ISBN|0-374-52956-6}}`{=mediawiki})
- *Purified by Fire: A History of Cremation in America* (2001, `{{ISBN|0-520-23688-2}}`{=mediawiki})
- *Asian Religions in America: A Documentary History,* co-edited with Thomas A
| 370 |
Stephen Prothero
| 0 |
10,145,896 |
# Crazy Ex-Girlfriend (album)
*Pandoc failed*: ```
Error at (line 183, column 1):
unexpected '{'
{{album chart|Billboard200|6|artist=Miranda Lambert|rowheader=true|accessdate=November 26, 2020}}
^
``
| 22 |
Crazy Ex-Girlfriend (album)
| 0 |
10,145,913 |
# Crescent Bend
**Crescent Bend** is a historic home at 2728 Kingston Pike in Knoxville, Tennessee. The building is known as *Crescent Bend* because of its location on a bend of the Tennessee River. It is also known as the **Armstrong-Lockett House**, **Longview** and **Logueval**.
Crescent Bend was built in 1834 by Drury Paine Armstrong (1799--1856), a farmer, merchant and public official who estimated that the house had cost him \$5,517. The house was once the centerpiece of a 600 acre farm. This is one of three early homes built by the Armstrong family on Kingston Pike, the others being Bleak House, built by Drury\'s son, Robert H. Armstrong, and Westwood, built by Drury\'s granddaughter, Adelia Armstrong Lutz (1859--1931). It was later purchased by Percy Lockett. It was also Confederate General Joseph B. Kershaw\'s headquarters during the Siege of Knoxville.
It is a contributing property to the Kingston Pike Historic District, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The home is a traditional brick farmhouse. The home\'s contents include 18th-century English and American furniture, decorative arts and silver. The property includes formal Italian gardens with nine terraces and five fountains. The house and gardens are open to the public
| 202 |
Crescent Bend
| 0 |
10,145,916 |
# Beth Wessel-Kroeschell
**Beth Wessel-Kroeschell** (born 1959) is an American politician who held the District 45 seat in the Iowa House of Representatives from 2005 to 2023. During the 2022 state legislative elections, she was redistricted to District 49.
, Wessel-Kroeschell serves on several committees in the Iowa House -- the Environmental Protection and Judiciary committees, as well as the Human Resources committee, where she is the ranking member. She is also a member of the Health and Human Services Appropriations Subcommittee and of the Medical Assistance Projections and Assessment Council.
Wessel-Kroeschell was born and raised in Ames, Iowa. Outside of politics, she is the public events coordinator for Reiman Gardens.
## Electoral history {#electoral_history}
\*incumbent `{{Compact election box no change begin}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Compact election box no change
|election_title = Iowa House of Representatives primary elections, 2004
|election_note = District 45
|election_ref = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sos.state.ia.us/pdfs/elections/2004/primary/PrimaryCanvassSummaryFinal.pdf |title=Canvass Summary – Primary – 2004 General Election (6/8/2004) |publisher=[[Iowa Secretary of State]] |date=2004-06-23 |access-date=2011-09-23 |page=36 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081130071340/https://www.sos.state.ia.us/pdfs/elections/2004/primary/PrimaryCanvassSummaryFinal.pdf |archive-date=2008-11-30 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|turnout_votes = 673
|result =
|winner = Beth Wessel-Kroeschell <!-- no incumbent -->
|winner_party = Iowa Democratic Party
|winner_votes = 418
|winner_percent = 62.1
|candidate2 = Tara Van Brederode
|candidate2_party = Iowa Democratic Party
|candidate2_votes = 217
|candidate2_percent = 32.2
|candidate3 = Leonard V. Larsen
|candidate3_party = Iowa Democratic Party
|candidate3_votes = 30
|candidate3_percent = 4.5
|candidate4 = Shawn Carter
|candidate4_party = Iowa Democratic Party
|candidate4_votes = 8
|candidate4_percent = 1.2}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Compact election box no change
|election_title = Iowa House of Representatives elections, 2004
|election_note = District 45
|election_ref = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sos.state.ia.us/pdfs/elections/2004/general/CanvassSummary.pdf |title=Canvass Summary – Final – 2004 General Election (11/2/2004) |publisher=[[Iowa Secretary of State]] |date=2004-12-06 |access-date=2011-09-19 |page=27 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070104025211/http://www.sos.state.ia.us/pdfs/elections/2004/general/CanvassSummary.pdf |archive-date=2007-01-04 }}</ref>
|turnout_votes = 14,005
|result = hold
|winner = Beth Wessel-Kroeschell <!-- no incumbent -->
|winner_party = Iowa Democratic Party
|winner_votes = 7,864
|winner_percent = 56.2
|candidate2 = Randy R. Woodbury
|candidate2_party = Republican Party of Iowa
|candidate2_votes = 5,366
|candidate2_percent = 38.3
|candidate3 = Jerry Litzel
|candidate3_party = Independent (politician)
|candidate3_votes = 749
|candidate3_percent = 5.3}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Compact election box no change
|election_title = [[Iowa House of Representatives elections, 2006]]
|election_note = District 45
|election_ref = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sos.state.ia.us/pdfs/GenOffResults.pdf |title=Official Results Report – Statewide, 2006 General Election 11-07-2006 |publisher=[[Iowa Secretary of State]] |date=2006-11-21 |access-date=2011-09-19 |page=36 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070715101939/http://www.sos.state.ia.us/pdfs/GenOffResults.pdf |archive-date=2007-07-15 }}</ref>
|turnout_votes = 5,544
|result = hold
|winner = Beth Wessel-Kroeschell*
|winner_party = Iowa Democratic Party
|winner_votes = 5,473
|winner_percent = 98.7}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Compact election box no change
|election_title = [[Iowa House of Representatives elections, 2008]]
|election_note = District 45
|election_ref = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sos.state.ia.us/elections/results/2008GeneralResults.html |title=November 4, 2008 General Election Results |publisher=[[Iowa Secretary of State]] |access-date=2011-09-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090408054656/http://www.sos.state.ia.us/elections/results/2008GeneralResults.html |archive-date=April 8, 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|turnout_votes = 14,808
|result = hold
|loser_party = Republican Party of Iowa
|winner = Beth Wessel-Kroeschell*
|winner_party = Iowa Democratic Party
|winner_votes = 8,589
|winner_percent = 58.0
|candidate2 = Ryan Rhodes
|candidate2_party = Republican Party of Iowa
|candidate2_votes = 6,168
|candidate2_percent = 41.7}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Compact election box no change
|election_title = Iowa House of Representatives elections, 2010
|election_note = District 45
|election_ref = <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sos.state.ia.us/pdfs/elections/2010/gensummaryorr.pdf |title=Official Results Report, General Election held November 2, 2010 |publisher=[[Iowa Secretary of State]] |date=2010-12-16 |access-date=2011-09-19 |page=86 }}{{Dead link|date=October 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
|turnout_votes = 8,314
|result = hold
|loser_party = Republican Party of Iowa
|winner = Beth Wessel-Kroeschell*
|winner_party = Iowa Democratic Party
|winner_votes = 4,396
|winner_percent = 52.9
|candidate2 = Karin Sevde
|candidate2_party = Republican Party of Iowa
|candidate2_votes = 3,389
|candidate2_percent = 40
| 566 |
Beth Wessel-Kroeschell
| 0 |
10,145,921 |
# Bierens de Haan
**Bierens de Haan** is a surname of Dutch origin
| 13 |
Bierens de Haan
| 0 |
10,145,927 |
# Riegsee
**Riegsee** is a municipality in the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, in Bavaria, Germany. The town lies on Riegsee Lake, of the same name.
## Names
The name Riegsee derives from the personal name *Ruodgis* and the Old High German word for \"lake\", *sê(o)*. Attested historical forms of the name include *Ruodgise* (1050--c. 1065), *Rvodgisisse* (1052--55), *Roueggese* (c. 1065--75), *Ruodkisesse/Rotkisesse* (1152--53), *Ruetgisse* (1193--95), *Ruggessê* (1193--95), Roͮikisse (12th century), *Rovchse* (c. 1200), *Rügsee* (14th century), *Rugksee* (1403), *Ruexsee* (1431), *Rügksee* (1501), *Riechsee* (c. 1583), and *Riegsee* (1629)
| 86 |
Riegsee
| 0 |
10,145,981 |
# Saint-Mars-sur-la-Futaie
**Saint-Mars-sur-la-Futaie** is a commune in the Mayenne department in north-western France. It is notable as the site of the oldest known tree in France, a Hawthorn growing alongside the church, and reputedly planted in the 3rd century.
Image:Hawthorn St Mars.jpg\|Bole of ancient hawthorn Image:Hawthorn St Mars 2
| 49 |
Saint-Mars-sur-la-Futaie
| 0 |
10,145,982 |
# Baby Bio
**Baby Bio** is the brand name for a range of house plant and, more recently, outdoor plant care products created by Pan Britannica Industries Ltd (PBI) and currently owned by French company, SBM Life Science.
## History
The most popular and first Baby Bio product was a house plant feed, or fertilizer, which is a dark brown concentrate that must be diluted with water before use. Coming in a bottle styled after an old fashioned perfume bottle, it contains Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, ensuring that the plant receives the necessary macronutrients. Baby Bio is a very popular house plant feed in the UK and can be used all year round, even on Bonsai plants, with the text on the bottle promising greener leaves and vibrant colours. Part of the popularity of the brand in the UK arose from the success of Dr Hessayon\'s series of Expert books, which also came from PBI starting in 1958.
As well as concentrate bottles of Baby Bio, it has now been produced in ready dilute spray and 1 litre bottles that contain pesticides too, \'Roota\', a rooting hormone and fungicide solution designed to be used on the roots of plant cuttings, and leaf wipes for cleaning house plant leaves. An orchid feed is available which comes in the same bottle as the original Baby Bio except the liquid and design has a pink theme. The concentrated liquid fertilizer is exactly half of what can be found in the traditional bottle.
Baby Bio is also often used in biology experimentation when studying algal growth
| 262 |
Baby Bio
| 0 |
10,146,009 |
# Kucher Model K1
The **Kucher K1**, also known as the **Danuvia M53 K1**, was a Hungarian magazine-fed submachine gun designed by József Kucher in 1951, based on the Danuvia 44.M prototype submachine gun. It was produced by the titular Danuvia company. The submachine gun was known in Hungarian service as the *Gepisztoly 53 Minta* or as the \"Spigon submachine gun\".
After passing tests in military trials at Táborfalva on 11 November 1951, it was adopted by the Hungarian Ministry of Defense, and often referred to as the \'Pénzügyőr Géppisztoly\' (Financier/Treasury Machine Gun). Some sources claim it was adopted in 1953 and received the designation 53.M. The K1 was produced in limited numbers (exact count unknown) before being replaced by a Hungarian copy of the PPSh-41 for army use, and was mostly issued to border guards and treasury officers, remaining in service until the 1960s.
The K1 used an open-bolt, blowback action, fed by a 35-round, curved, double-stack magazine. It weighed around 6.8 lbs and was 33.2 inches long with the stock extended. Due to being milled rather than using stamped metal it required more time to manufacture and cost more than many of its contemporaries
| 196 |
Kucher Model K1
| 0 |
10,146,012 |
# Robert Cunningham (entrepreneur)
**Robert Cunningham** (1837--1905) was a British-Canadian lay missionary turned entrepreneur who founded the town of Port Essington, British Columbia.
He was born January 1, 1837, in Dungannon, Ireland (one source, Large, says \"Tullyvally, Ireland\"), to a Protestant (Anglican) family. In 1862, at the age of twenty-five, he sailed to Canada with the Anglican Church Missionary Society to work as a lay assistant to the Anglican lay missionary William Duncan at the Tsimshian community of Metlakatla, B.C.
## Missionary Work {#missionary_work}
Shortly after his arrival at Metlakatla Robert Cunningham was assigned to assist the missionary R. Arthur Doolan, himself newly arrived from England, in founding a new mission among the Nisga\'a. Together with a Tsimshian interpreter named Robert Dundas they opened a mission among the villages on the lower Nass River in July 1864. When it soon came to light that Cunningham had fathered a child with a young Tsimshian student of Duncan\'s named Elizabeth Ryan Doolan married the couple and Cunningham\'s formal relationship with the Church Missionary Society was terminated.
## Trader
Cunningham began working at the Hudson\'s Bay Company\'s Fort Simpson, a trading fort later known as Port Simpson and Lax Kw\'alaams. He worked alongside Charles F. Morison, who eventually married Elizabeth\'s niece Odille Quintal (later Morison), the Tsimshian linguist. Cunningham eventually rose to the position of chief trader.
In 1870 he left the HBC and Port Simpson. Versions differ as to the circumstances of this: discontent over his salary or a trumped-up charge of rum-running imposed by Duncan (who was also the local justice of the peace), or both. Cunningham then began an entrepreneurial relationship with one Thomas Hankin (later father to the Tlingit interpreter and teacher Constance Cox. In 1871, with the onset of the Omineca Gold Rush, Cunningham and Hankin became traders at Hazelton, in Gitxsan territory, and eventually founded a depot at Woodcock\'s Landing downriver at the Skeena River estuary, at what later became the site of Inverness cannery.
In search of a better location, the two staked a claim for a plot of land at a site Tsimshians called *Spaksuut* (fall camping-place), on the territory of the Gitzaxłaał Tsimshians at the confluence of the Skeena and Ecstall rivers. In 1872 a store was built there, and the site gradually acquired a more or less permanent presence of Kitselas and Kitsumkalum Tsimshians from upriver.
By the 1890s Port Essington, as Spaksuut came to be known, was a small town, and soon it became the largest settlement in the region and its economic hub. Cunningham bought out Hankin and established salmon packing as the community\'s main industry. The Cunningham Cannery produced \"Diamond A\" brand canned salmon. Though other canneries operated in the town, Port Essington was largely considered to be \"Cunningham\'s town.\"
Several members of Cunningham\'s family in Ireland eventually moved to Port Essington, as did Charles and Odille Morison. In 1888, Cunningham\'s wife Elizabeth was drowned with several others when their canoe capsized off Port Lambert near Port Essington. Of their five children, only two, George and John, survived early childhood, and John was killed at age seventeen when a trading schooner was wrecked near the Queen Charlotte Islands.
In 1893 Cunningham married again, to Flora Bicknell, formerly of Coventry, in England. They had two children, Hazel and Harold. A third, Edith, was born shortly after Robert\'s death, in April 1905, in Victoria, B.C., at the age of sixty-nine. He is buried in Metlakatla
| 573 |
Robert Cunningham (entrepreneur)
| 0 |
10,146,027 |
# Old Customs House (Knoxville, Tennessee)
The **Old Customs House**, also called the **Old Post Office**, is a historic building located at the corner of Clinch Avenue and Market Street in Knoxville, Tennessee, United States. Completed in 1874, it was the city\'s first federal building. It housed the federal courts, excise offices and post office until 1933. From 1936 to 1976, it was used by the Tennessee Valley Authority for offices. Expanded in 2004, the building is home to the East Tennessee History Center, which includes the Lawson McGhee Library\'s Calvin M. McClung Historical Collection, the Knox County Archives, and the East Tennessee Historical Society\'s headquarters and museum. The building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places for its architectural significance.
## Design
The Old Customs House is a three-story Italianate style building sheathed in East Tennessee marble. The smooth exterior walls contrast with rusticated quoins at the building\'s corners. The former courtroom on the third floor is notable for its neoclassical detailing. Much of the original interior has been altered.
## History
The Customs House is situated on what was originally Lot 11 of James White\'s 1795 extension of Knoxville. An 1871 map of Knoxville shows the property as an open grove surrounded by a few small houses.
Through the 1850s, Congress was petitioned by cities across the country to provide courtrooms and post offices.
Congress appropriated funding for Knoxville\'s Customs House in 1856, and reappropriated the funding in 1869. Construction of the original portion of the Customs House (at the corner of Clinch and Market), designed by U.S. government chief architect Alfred B. Mullett (1834--1890), began in 1871 and was completed in 1874. The first floor was used as a post office, while the second and third floors were used for the federal court and office space for federal officials.
As Knoxville\'s population quadrupled in the late 19th century, the increased postal activity left the Customs House critically overcrowded, and the building was enlarged in 1910. The building had a steam plant for heating and used electricity provided by the Knoxville Railway & Light Company.
Knoxville\'s continued growth rendered the Customs House insufficient for the city\'s postal needs, and a new post office was built on Main Street in 1934. Ownership of the Customs House was transferred to the Tennessee Valley Authority. In 1976, ownership of the Customs House was transferred to Knox County for use by the Lawson McGhee Library\'s Calvin M. McClung Historical Collection and the Knox County Archives.
In the 1980s, the East Tennessee Historical Society (ETHS) moved to the Customs House and set up the East Tennessee Historical Center. The society opened the Museum of East Tennessee History in 1993. In 2000, the second-floor corridor of the building was named Deaderick Hall in honor of librarian Lucile Deaderick (1914--2006).
In 2004, a BarberMcMurry-designed eastern extension to the Customs House was completed, extending the structure the length of Clinch Avenue from Market to Gay Street. This new complex, known as the East Tennessee History Center, includes the ETHS\'s headquarters, the Museum of East Tennessee History, the Calvin M. McClung Historical Collection, and the Knox County Archives. The Old Customs House is depicted in the ETHS logo
| 533 |
Old Customs House (Knoxville, Tennessee)
| 0 |
10,146,031 |
# Eethen
**Eethen** is a village in the Dutch province of North Brabant. It is located in the municipality of Altena.
The village was first mentioned in 850 as Atina. The etymology is unclear. Eethen developed on a sand hill in the Middle Ages and part of the original ring road is still visible.
The Dutch Reformed church dates from the 12th century. The tower was added in the late 14th century. In 1944, it was severely damaged in World War II fighting and was restored and reconstructed between 1948 and 1951.
Eethen was home to 310 people 1840. Eethen was a separate municipality between 1923 and 1973. It was formed by the merging of the municipalities of Drongelen, Genderen, and Meeuwen, and became a part of Aalburg in 1973.
## Gallery
20070705Eethen.jpg\|View of Eethen in July 2007 <File:Overzicht> van de voorgevel en de linker zijgevel - Eethen - 20413637 - RCE
| 152 |
Eethen
| 0 |
10,146,056 |
# Saulgrub
**Saulgrub** is a municipality in the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, in Bavaria, Germany.
## Transport
The municipality has two railway stations, `{{stn|Altenau (Bay)}}`{=mediawiki} and `{{stn|Saulgrub}}`{=mediawiki}, on the Ammergau Railway
| 30 |
Saulgrub
| 0 |
10,146,064 |
# NeoPlanet
**NeoPlanet** was a Trident-shell graphical web browser initially released in 1997 by New York`{{En dash}}`{=mediawiki}based Bigfoot International, Inc. and later maintained and developed by its subsidiary NeoPlanet, Inc. It was one of the first browsers to be fully skinnable.
Neoplanet was a \"plug-out\" extension for Internet Explorer which created an integrated branded environment for the user. Within the environment, users could web browse, email, and chat. Much simpler to use than basic browsers, Neoplanet was a portal-like browser created for non-techie users. Unlike web portals which lost control of the users every time they surfed to a new site, chatted, or emailed, Neoplanet\'s environment followed the users wherever they went on the Internet.
The Neoplanet program was originally created by James Friskel. Neoplanet Inc. was a subsidiary of Bigfoot International, Inc. Both companies were founded by Lenny Barshack and James Hoffman.
## History
A beta version of a trident shell NeoPlanet was released in October 1997, one month after Internet Explorer 4.0 release. It featured a built-in directory of channels further divided into categories and was for use with Windows 95 and NT. In the fall of 1998 Bigfoot released the NeoPlanet 2.0 version with a new feature of customizable interface. It was positioned as an adjunct to Netscape which it required to run, and as an alternative to Microsoft\'s and AOL offerings. The new version also featured Snap (a joint-venture between CNET and NBC) and Alexa services incorporated into the browser. The free 1.9MB download was a significant interface upgrade with four skins included and 16 more available on the newly launched NeoPlanet site, while the Microsoft Internet Explorer\'s underlying features remained unchanged.
In January 1999, Bigfoot spun out the NeoPlanet division into NeoPlanet, Inc. By spring 2000, NeoPlanet had moved its headquarters to Tempe, Arizona. It then raised \$23 million from Integral Capital, J & W Seligman, Constellation Ventures, Broadview and several other investors during the second round of funding. Drew Cohen, hired by Barshack and Hoffman to head the new venture, relocated several Bigfoot team members to work on the project, including Warren Adelman (Business Development), Thomas Santoriello (Creative Design), and Frank Robledano (Content Direction). One of NeoPlanet\'s primary business strategies was to provide customizable browser interfaces to third parties, pioneering the branded browsers niche.
McAfee and Terra Lycos were among NeoPlanet\'s first partners, each launching multiple versions of branded browsers. Also in 1999, NeoPlanet, together with New Line Cinema, launched the Austin Powers browser to coincide with the premiere date of *Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me*. The Austin Powers Browser marked NeoPlanet\'s first branded browser for a feature film. The NeoPlanet/New Line launch of the Dr. Evil Browser soon followed.
With the release of version 5.0, Neoplanet made a move toward virtual communities. The browser described as an \"Internet Desktop\" added Macromedia Flash, instant messaging and the sharing of channels and other user-generated content.
Throughout 2000, NeoPlanet garnered partnerships to market and distribute branded browsers with major companies in the entertainment, computer manufacturing and sports arenas, including Universal Studios, Interscope/Geffen/A&M Records, USA Networks, MTV, The Lord of the Rings, TV Guide, Playboy Enterprises, Hewlett-Packard, Carolina Hurricanes and Phoenix Coyotes. Also, a \"matching skins\" campaign with RealNetworks allowed users to match the look-and-feel of the NeoPlanet Browser with that of RealNetworks\' RealJukebox TM. The NFL\'s Baltimore Ravens collaborated with NeoPlanet to offer fans a customized web browser experience, accessible through Ravenszone.net, providing users with a Ravens-themed interface, complete with team-related visuals and direct links to exclusive content through their Super Bowl XXXV winning run.
Also in 2000, Universal Pictures launched the official Grinch Web Browser at *www.meanone.com* to promote the movie *Dr. Seuss\' How the Grinch Stole Christmas*. The new browser featured unique interface designs with sounds and images from The Grinch movie and direct \"channel\" links to Grinch Web sites and the Universal Pictures Web sites. The Grinch Browser also featured a Lycos/Grinch Club, an integrated online community that provided movie fans with a vehicle for sharing similar interests with other users.
In 2001 NeoPlanet released its Viassary suite designed to personalize PC users\` experience and to help companies to better understand and communicate with their customers. Compaq and HP were among its clients. As of 2001 the number of Neoplanet users reached 8 million.
Later that year, Bigfoot International Incorporated was divided and sold off by the Acxiom Corporation due to loss of investment and the dot-com collapse.
| 737 |
NeoPlanet
| 0 |
10,146,064 |
# NeoPlanet
## Features
The client part of NeoPlanet browser resided on the desktop as a small application environment (less than 2Mbs) providing: Internet navigation, an embedded customizable directory, a new level of personalization through customization of the GUI, integrated e-mail, chat and automatic updates. The customizability of the application created ability for distribution and content partners to brand the user\'s online experience.
The server side of NeoPlanet\'s product enabled collection of rich data about the end-user\'s online experience, enabling timely and relevant targeted advertising.
### Skins
Skins were a prominent feature of NeoPlanet, so much so that it is reported that the first ever use of the term \"skin\" as describing a customized interface was the result of a conversation between Robledano, Santoriello, and Friskel at a local pub, and after that was swiftly picked up by technology enthusiasts. It was the first browser to be fully skinnable. Many skins were created by users. NeoPlanet became popular for creating browsers for movies, such as New Line Cinema\'s *Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me* or Universal Pictures\' *How the Grinch Stole Christmas* and sports teams, such as the Phoenix Coyotes. The browser had been branded by MTV, USA Networks, Interscope-Geffen-A&M, Hewlett-Packard, TV Guide among others. It had over 550 available skins as for October 2001 and 15 million skins downloads.
### Integrated apps {#integrated_apps}
In addition to e-mail, NeoPlanet integrated other Internet communications features, specifically, instant messaging, e-mail, and bookmark sharing.
### The Channel Bar: customizable bookmarks {#the_channel_bar_customizable_bookmarks}
NeoPlanet was the first browser to include sophisticated bookmark management, what was referred to as the \"Channel Bar\". The channels offered a simple tree structure interface where users could visit the site and download entire channel packs related to specific types of content, sets of bookmarks that featured "best of" links for special interests, local information and web based resources, such as \"Art\", \"Automotive\", \"Technology\", and many others. Users were encouraged to share their own channels on the NeoPlanet site.
| 329 |
NeoPlanet
| 1 |
10,146,064 |
# NeoPlanet
## Technology
NeoPlanet\'s client server architecture was built to allow future models to be plugged in via an object model. NeoPlanet\'s auto-update feature was designed to facilitate deploying these new features. The front-end was a complex layered series of software objects that are presented to the user as one unified application. This was accomplished through an abstraction layer which allows for independence of the HTML rendering engines, independence of look and feel for re-branding/distribution by partners, and communication with the NeoPlanet back-end. The NeoPlanet front-end had the ability to dynamically respond to requests from the back-end to update itself in whole or in part.
NeoPlanet\'s client/server architecture also included a scalable back-end server component. The NeoPlanet back-end had the ability to track and target marketing and promotions, even through corporate firewalls
| 133 |
NeoPlanet
| 2 |
10,146,077 |
# Coat of arms of Eswatini
The **coat of arms of Eswatini** is a coat of arms depicting various symbols for traditional Eswatini culture. The lion represents the King of Eswatini and the elephant represents the Queen-mother. They support a traditional Nguni shield which represents \"protection\", the palm leaves represent a traditional crown of Swatinian. Above the shield is the King\'s *lidlabe*, or crown of feathers, normally worn during Incwala (the festival of the harvest). On a banner below the shield is Eswatini\'s national motto, *Siyinqaba*, meaning, \"We are the fortress\"
| 91 |
Coat of arms of Eswatini
| 0 |
10,146,091 |
# Lisa Heddens
**Lisa Heddens** (born June 6, 1964) is an American politician who served as a member of the Iowa House of Representatives from 2003 to 2019.
## Early life and education {#early_life_and_education}
Heddens was born in Rochester, Minnesota. She received her Bachelor of Science degree and a teaching certificate from Iowa State University.
## Career
Heddens served as ranking member on the House Health and Human Services Appropriations subcommittee. She was also assistant minority leader in the House. Heddens was re-elected in 2006 with 8,371 votes (63%), defeating Republican John Griswold and Libertarian Eric Cooper.
## Personal life {#personal_life}
Heddens\'s husband, Jeff, works for the Iowa Department of Public Defense. They have two children
| 116 |
Lisa Heddens
| 0 |
10,146,092 |
# Schwaigen
**Schwaigen** is a municipality in the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, in Bavaria, Germany
| 14 |
Schwaigen
| 0 |
10,146,094 |
# Hetty Sorrel
**Hetty Sorrel** is a major character in George Eliot\'s 1859 novel *Adam Bede*.
Beautiful but thoughtless Hetty lives in the fictional community of Hayslope --- a rural, pastoral and close-knit community in 1799. Her home is on Mr. Martin Poyser\'s dairy farm as she is his niece. Because she is an extremely pretty girl, she is admired by Mr. Craig, Adam Bede as well as Captain Arthur Donnithorne.
Aside from her great physical beauty, George Eliot takes care to make it clear that she does not have many attractive personal qualities. She is spoiled, cold, insensitive, indifferent to other people\'s problems, and almost comically vain and selfish. Even in love Hetty is relentless in her capacity to use others for her own gain. At first she is devoted to Arthur then after she realizes he will not make her a \"great lady\" she turns her affections to Adam.
Hetty is a cousin by marriage of Dinah Morris, a fervent Methodist lay preacher. In contrast to Hetty, Dinah is depicted as completely pure, generous, unselfish, modest, and unfailingly compassionate. Both female characters are two-dimensional. Their stories are interesting yet one is completely good and the other is completely despicable. Dinah has no negative qualities and Hetty has no good qualities, making the characters superficial. At the end of the novel Hetty becomes more human-like and Eliot treats her with more compassion through her suffering.
## Story
The novel revolves around a love triangle between vain and pleasure-loving Hetty Sorrel, Captain Arthur Donnithorne the young squire who seduces her, and Adam Bede her unacknowledged suitor. Although she is indifferent to good, stalwart Adam Bede, he is in love with Hetty. She is only a milkmaid yet she longs for the luxurious life of an upper class lady. In the 1700 - 1800s, marriage was approved within the same socioeconomic classes. In this respect, Hetty\'s desire to marry into wealth is extremely naive and almost comical. Being young and inexperienced she believes she is destined to this life due to her physical beauty.
Hetty is attracted to Captain Donnithorne mostly because he is a rich man. He abuses his power to seduce Hetty into a sexual affair and she appears to fall in love with him. Although Eliot insists that Arthur is overall a good, conscionable man, his seduction of Hetty is selfish and degrading. He knows he will never marry her and he compromises her reputation with their tryst.
Adam interrupts a meeting between them in the Chase and he is devastated. The two men fight and Adam insists Arthur write Hetty a letter before he returns to the militia informing her that their relationship is over. Broken-hearted and secretly pregnant, Hetty agrees to marry Adam to improve her situation. Before they wed however she abandons Adam and runs away in search of Arthur. She makes a long and arduous journey to Windsor only to discover the militia has moved to Ireland. Unwlling to return to the village and shame her family, Hetty considers suicide by drowning herself in an icy cold pond. She loses her nerve and delivers her baby in an inn. She kills the child by abandoning him in a field where he dies of exposure.
Hetty is caught and tried for child murder. Adam is devastated yet he blames Arthur and forgives Hetty. She is found guilty and sentenced to hang. When Arthur takes a leave from the militia to attend his grandfather\'s funeral, he hears of Hetty\'s impending execution. He races to the court and has her sentence commuted to penal transportation to Australia for the rest of her life. In the end Hetty is permitted to return from Australia after serving eight years of her sentence but dies before she reaches England.
According to *The Oxford Companion to English Literature* (1967),
: \"the plot \[of *Adam Bede*\] is founded on a story told to George Eliot by her aunt Elizabeth Evans, a Methodist preacher and the original of Dinah Morris of the novel, of a confession of child-murder, made to her by a woman named Mary Voce in prison.\"
In November 1801 Voce was a married woman whose husband Thomas was in the militia. She lived in Fishing Gate in Nottingham. When he was away, she became pregnant by another man and killed the child so her husband wouldn\'t discover her disloyalty.
Voce was a 24-year-old beautiful woman whose parents were unmarried. Like Hetty, they died when she was young and she was raised by relatives. She married Thomas Voce, an abusive man and they frequently separated and reunited. A neighbour stated Voce was abusive because of Mary\'s excessive extra-marital affairs. The Voces had a 5-year-old son whom Thomas suspected wasn\'t his own.
On one occasion Voce left Mary alone, travelling a distance of over 160 miles to a town called Chatham to enlist for his pension. While he was away Mary tried unsuccessfully to find work carding cotton. Instead she turned to sex work. Voce gave birth to Elizabeth Voce, another man\'s child and the man abandoned her. Fearful that Thomas would leave her when he arrived home Voce killed Elizabeth with arsenic in water. The baby reacted violently and screamed for some minutes until neighbours came running. When she was arrested she blamed the neighbourhood children for feeding the arsenic to the child.
Voce professed her innocence claiming she purchased the arsenic to kill herself. The judge agreed Mary had reason to worry that Thomas would abuse her when he discovered Elizabeth but he stated this was Mary\'s fault. After receiving the death sentence Mary exclaimed, \"Oh my heart! My heart will break!\" She professed her innocence until lay preachers including a woman named Elizabeth Tomlinson, convinced her to tell the truth. She admitted to leading a shameful life (prostitution) and to killing her baby. She asked God for forgiveness. She was allowed to visit with her young son once more but refused to visit with her husband.
On March 16 1802, the day of her hanging Voce accepted her fate with serenity. She was brought to the gallows with her own empty coffin beside her telling the lay preachers, \"This is the best day I ever saw. I am quite happy. I had rather die than live.\" She helped the executioner to place the ropes around her neck and exclaimed, \"Glory! Glory to Jesus! I shall soon be in glory. Glory is indeed already begun in my soul and the angels of God are about me!\" Voce was hung for an hour and after dissection by surgeons, her remains were publicly displayed. Voce\'s brother-in-law named William was hanged in 1775.
Two years after Voce\'s hanging Elizabeth Tomlinson married a man named Samuel Evans. Elizabeth was aunt to Mary Ann Evans (George Eliot, author of the novel Adam Bede) and told her the story of Mary Voce. Elliot based the novel around the Voce woman
| 1,154 |
Hetty Sorrel
| 0 |
10,146,098 |
# Painted comber
The **painted comber** (***Serranus scriba***) is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a sea bass from the subfamily Serraninae, classified as part of the family Serranidae which includes the groupers and anthias. It is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Black Sea. Confusingly, a synonym of this species is *Perca marina*, but that name (as *Sebastes marinus*) has incorrectly been used for a separate species, the rose fish.
## Description
The painted comber has a laterally compressed, elongate body with a pointed snout. The dorsal fin has 10 spines and 4--16 soft rays and the anal fin has 3 spines and 7--8 soft rays. The caudal fin is truncate. It has a very large mouth for its size, which has many sharp teeth, and is protractile. The overall colour may be grey, purplish or reddish with 5--7 dark brown bars on the flanks. The head is marked with many narrow, wavy blue lines and red blotches. The dorsal, anal and caudal fins are marked with red dots. There is a diffuse, purplish-blue blotch in the middle of the body. The pelvic and pectoral fins are normally uniform pale yellow. The maximum recorded fish measurement is 36 cm, although 25 cm is more typical.
## Distribution
The painted comber is found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean where its core range extends from the Straits of Gibraltar to Senegal, including the Canary Islands but it occurs as far north as the Bay of Biscay. Its range extends into the Mediterranean and Black Seas. One of the most abundant places for Painted Comber is Marmaris.
## Habitat and biology {#habitat_and_biology}
The painted comber occurs over rocky bottom and among beds of *Posidonia* at depths of 5 to. It normally spends the day sheltering in rocky caves and is normally either solitary or found in small groups. It emerges at dusk to hunt. It is a carnivorous species which is a territorial ambush hunter and has a diet made up of cephalopods, bivalves, crustaceans, fishes, and worms. It is often used to indicate sites occupied by octopuses as it waits at the entrance scavenging the octopus\'s discarded parts of shellfish. The spawning season runs from late spring to early summer with the eggs being laid under stones near the shore. It is a synchronous hermaphrodite, i.e. each individual has both male and female gonads and may be capable of self-fertilisation. They have a maximum life expectancy of 16 years.
## Parasites
The painted comber, like most fishes, is host to a variety of internal and external parasites and these include the copepods *Lernanthropus scribae*, *Caligus scribae* and *Anchistrotos laqueus*; an isopod *Gnathia sp.*; a monogenean *Protolamellodiscus serranelli*; and two species of digeneans *Helicometra fasciata* and *Lecithochirium musculus*.
## Taxonomy
The painted comber was first formally described by Linnaeus in the 10th Edition of his *Systema Naturae* published in 1758 as *Perca scriba*.
## Human use {#human_use}
The painted comber is landed by artisanal fisheries using hook and line and trawls. It is said to have palatable flesh and can be prepared using a variety of cooking methods
| 521 |
Painted comber
| 0 |
10,146,106 |
# Spartanburg County School District 7
**Spartanburg County School District 7** **(SCSD7)** is a public school district in Spartanburg County, South Carolina, United States. The district includes most of the city of Spartanburg, as well as all of Ben Avon, Drayton and Whitney, most of Camp Croft, and portions of Arkwright, Hilltop, and Saxon. SCSD7 is led by Superintendent Jeff Stevens, a former principal at Spartanburg High School; he assumed the role of superintendent in July 2020.
As of the 2021--22 academic term, Spartanburg County School District 7 serves more than 7,000 students across 11 schools. SCSD7 also hosts several alternative institutions, as well two early college programs and a virtual learning initiative.
Spartanburg County School District 7 was established in 1884. It is a small, urban, majority-minority district. About 80% of students served by the district live in poverty. 86% of students educated in SCSD7 graduate, and an annual average of 84% of students go on to pursue a post-secondary education.
## Schools
### High school {#high_school}
- Spartanburg High School
### Middle schools {#middle_schools}
- Carver Middle School
- McCracken Middle School
### Elementary schools {#elementary_schools}
- Cleveland Academy of Leadership
- Drayton Mills Elementary School (formed from Chapman Elementary and Houston Elementary)
- E.P. Todd School
- Jesse Boyd Elementary School
- Mary H
| 217 |
Spartanburg County School District 7
| 0 |
10,146,110 |
# Plasmodium polare
***Plasmodium polare*** is a parasite of the genus *Plasmodium* subgenus *Papernaia*.
Like all *Plasmodium* species *P. polare* has both vertebrate and insect hosts. The vertebrate hosts for this parasite are birds.
## Description
The parasite was first described by Manwell in 1934.
It is relatively small and produces on the average nine merozoites per infection. It has abundant cytoplasm.
## Geographical occurrence {#geographical_occurrence}
This parasite occurs in the United States.
## Clinical features and host pathology {#clinical_features_and_host_pathology}
Hosts of this species include the bald eagle (*Haliaeetus leucocephalus*), the barn swallow (*Hirundo rustica*), yellow wagtails (*Motacilla flava*) and American cliff swallows (*Petrochelidon pyrrhonota*)
| 105 |
Plasmodium polare
| 0 |
10,146,133 |
# Seehausen am Staffelsee
**Seehausen am Staffelsee** is a municipality in the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, in Bavaria, Germany. The main village, Seehausen, lies on the eastern shore of the Staffelsee lake
| 31 |
Seehausen am Staffelsee
| 0 |
10,146,150 |
# Emmikhoven
**Emmikhoven** is a former village in the Dutch province of North Brabant. It was located just south of Almkerk, on the other side of the small river Alm, and is now a part of that village.
Emmikhoven and nearby Waardhuizen formed a separate municipality until 1879, under the name *Emmikhoven en Waardhuizen* or *Emmikhoven c.a.*, when it was merged with Almkerk
| 63 |
Emmikhoven
| 0 |
10,146,162 |
# Jazz of Tacoma
The **Jazz of Tacoma** were a professional basketball team based in Tacoma, Washington which were members of the International Basketball League (IBL) from 2007 to 2009. This was not the first attempt at a professional basketball franchise in Tacoma. The Tacoma Thunder played for two seasons in the league and were replaced by a franchise named the Tacoma Jets. However, the Jets never played any games and were subsequently replaced by the Jazz. In 2009, the team was replaced by the Tacoma Tide
| 87 |
Jazz of Tacoma
| 0 |
10,146,164 |
# Mississippi Marine Brigade
The **Mississippi Marine Brigade** was a Union Army amphibious unit which included the United States Ram Fleet and operated from November 1862 to August 1864 during the American Civil War. The brigade was established to act swiftly against Confederate forces operating near the Mississippi River and its tributaries. The brigade was commanded by Brigadier General Alfred W. Ellet and operated in coordination with the Mississippi River Squadron during the Union brown-water navy battle against the Confederate River Defense Fleet and land based forces. The brigade was independent of the Union Army and Navy and reported directly to the Secretary of War, Edwin M. Stanton. Despite the name, it was never part of the United States Marine Corps.
## Organization
Brigadier General Alfred W. Ellet was the commanding officer of the United States Ram Fleet. The ram fleet had proven themselves a useful addition to the Mississippi River Squadron through their actions at the First Battle of Memphis and on the Yazoo River. However, the ram fleet was outside the Union Navy and Army command and reported directly to the Secretary of War, Edwin M. Stanton. Although they coordinated their activities with the Mississippi River Squadron led by Charles H. Davis, the reporting structure was problematic for Union Navy leaders. The brigade was never incorporated into the Union Navy, however, when David Dixon Porter took over command of the Mississippi River Squadron, he demanded and received full authority over the ram fleet. Porter needed an amphibious force to suppress enemy fire from the river shores that threatened his fleet.
On 1 November 1862, Ellet was charged with creating and commanding the Mississippi Marine Brigade. The unit consisted of artillery, cavalry and infantry with the ram fleet used for transportation. The brigade was not able to recruit from existing Army or Navy units and instead recruited convalescing soldiers from hospitals who wished to return to service. Ellet promised recruits bonuses, the opportunity to serve aboard clean vessels with good food and the potential for fame.
On 5 November, Ellet\'s nephew, Charles Rivers Ellet was promoted to the rank of colonel and became the third member of the Ellet family to lead the ram fleet. Ellet was only 19 years old, which made him one of the youngest colonels in the Union Army. Another nephew, John A. Ellet also served as Lieutenant Colonel in the brigade.
The unit consisted of about 350 officers and men, including boat crews which used the nine steam powered rams of the United States Ram Fleet. Other vessels were added to the ram fleet including the tugs *Alf Cutting*, *Bell Darlington* and *Cleveland*; the hospital ship *Woodford* and the transports *Autocrat*, *Baltic* and *Diana*.
| 450 |
Mississippi Marine Brigade
| 0 |
10,146,164 |
# Mississippi Marine Brigade
## Vicksburg Campaign {#vicksburg_campaign}
On 12 December 1862, the *Queen of the West* was one of the ships that accompanied the *USS Cairo* up the Yazoo River. The *Cairo* was struck by a \'torpedo\' or naval mine and began to sink rapidly. The *Queen of the West* was able to rescue part of the crew from the *Cairo* before it sank.
In February 1863, the *Queen of the West* was run past the batteries of Vicksburg, Mississippi to support Admiral David Farragut south of the city. The *Queen of the West* severely damaged the CSS Vicksburg and captured four transport ships supplying Confederate forces. The *Queen of the West* also conducted activities on the Atchafalaya River, destroying Confederate supplies and burning three plantations. She was captured by Confederate forces on the Red River near Fort DeRussy and entered into Confederate service as the *CSS Queen of the West*.
On 26 March, the ram ships *Switzerland* and *USS Lancaster* were run past the batteries at Vicksburg to support Admiral Farragut. Charles Rivers Ellet commanded the *Switzerland* and his cousin, John A. Ellet, commanded the *Lancaster*. Both ships received heavy fire from the batteries and the *Lancaster* was run aground and sunk to avoid capture by the Confederate forces. The *Switzerland* was damaged but was repaired and continued duty south of Vicksburg on the Mississippi River.
On 14 June, the unit joined Brigadier General Joseph A. Mower in the Battle of Richmond, Louisiana and skirmished with the Confederates, losing 3 wounded.
On 19 June, Brigadier General Ellett ordered construction of a casemate on the Louisiana side of the Mississippi River opposite Vicksburg. The fortification was completed in four days and was protected with a thickness of railroad iron. A 20-pounder Parrott rifle was placed within and fired on the city the morning of 23 June. The Confederates responded firing 17 rounds from 5 different guns. The fort was further strengthened by adding another thickness of railroad iron. Fire from the Parrott gun in the fort was maintained until the end of the siege with a total of 98 rounds being expended. The fort was repeatedly struck but without material damage and without loss of life. The brigade also placed a brass Dahlgren gun in the casemate near the 20-pounder Parrott. Considerable damage to the Confederates was accomplished especially by stopping work at the foundry and machine shop.
On 25--30 June, a detachment of the brigade on the steamer John Rains, formed a part of an expedition to Greenville, Mississippi under the command of Lt. Col. Samuel J. Nasmith of the 25th Wisconsin Infantry.
On 30 June, the brigade saw action at the Goodrich\'s Landing. Two African-American Union regiments, the 1st Arkansas and the 10th Louisiana had come under attack from Confederate forces. The brigade arrived and pushed back the Confederate forces, suffering two casualties and one death.
## Transfer to Army jurisdiction {#transfer_to_army_jurisdiction}
A ruling of the Judge-Advocate General, dated 11 June 1863, seems to make the brigade a \"special contingent of the army and not the navy,\" but as late as 23 July 1863, Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant wrote: \"They (the officers and men of the Marine Brigade) are not subject to my orders.\" By order of the Secretary of War the army assumed full jurisdiction over the brigade in October 1863. The brigade was disestablished in August 1864, and its surviving ships were transferred to other duties.
## Notable members {#notable_members}
- Henry N. Couden - 54th Chaplain of the United States House of Representatives
- Brigadier General Alfred W. Ellet - commander of the Mississippi Marine Brigade
- Colonel Charles Rivers Ellet - commander of the United States Ram Fleet from November 1862 to August 1863
- Lieutenant Colonel John A
| 627 |
Mississippi Marine Brigade
| 1 |
10,146,171 |
# Spatzenhausen
**Spatzenhausen** is a municipality in the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, in Bavaria, Germany
| 14 |
Spatzenhausen
| 0 |
10,146,181 |
# Soft Circle
**Soft Circle** is the project of New York City based musician Hisham Bharoocha. His debut album, *Full Bloom*, was released January 23, 2007, on the Eastern Developments Music record label. His sound is characterized by looped guitar riffs, drums, and repeated vocals. In 2009 Ben Vida (formerly of Town & Country) joined Soft Circle. The duo released an album entitled \"Shore Obsessed\" on November 6, 2010.
Hisham Bharoocha is active on the social media platform Instagram as "Soft Circle" \*(10/25/18)
## Discography
- *Full Bloom* - Eastern Developments Music (2007)
- \"End of Summer\" 7\" - You Can\'t Hide Your Love Forever Vol. 6 - Geographic North Records [1](http://geographic-north
| 112 |
Soft Circle
| 0 |
10,146,192 |
# Javier Conde
**Javier Conde Becerra** (born February 19, 1975), better known as **Javier Conde**, is one of the most famous Spanish bullfighters to come from Málaga.
## Biography
**The Malagueño** began bullfighting on June 4, 1989, in Benalmádena. He is very popular with the crowds in and also outside the ring. Conde\'s very natural style and striking good looks, together with his polite nature, makes him popular with the press.
On December 14, 2001, he married successful flamenco singer Estrella Morente in \'Nuestra Señora de las Angustias basilica\' in Granada and has 2 children.
## Filmography
- **The Bridge of San Luis Rey** (2004)..Camila\'s Matador
- aka Pont du roi Saint-Louis, Le (France)
- aka Puente de San Luis Rey, El (Spain)
- **Hable con ella** (2002) (uncredited)..Bullfighter
- aka **Talk to Her** (International: English title)
## Television
- **XXI premios Goya** (2007) (TV) (uncredited) As Himself - Audience Member
- \"**Corazón de**\...\" \.... Himself (1 episode, 2000)
- Episode dated 26 October 2000 (2000) TV Episode \...Himself
- \"**Qué me dices**\" \.... Himself (3 episodes, 1996--1997)
- Episode dated 18 February 1997 (1997) TV Episode ..Himself
- Episode dated 12 November 1996 (1996) TV Episode ..Himself
- Episode dated 16 September 1996 (1996) TV Episode .Himself
- **Corazón de**\...\"
- Episode dated 3 January 2006 (2006) TV Episode \....Himself
- \"**Corazón, corazón**\"
- Episode dated 26 November 2005 (2005) TV Episode .
| 234 |
Javier Conde
| 0 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.