Bug with filtered indices
## Describe the bug
As reported by @PartiallyTyped (and by @Muennighoff):
- https://github.com/huggingface/datasets/issues/5111#issuecomment-1278652524

There is an issue with the indices of a filtered dataset.

## Steps to reproduce the bug
```python
ds = Dataset.from_dict({"num": [0, 1, 2, 3]})
ds = ds.filter(lambda num: num % 2 == 0, input_columns="num", batch_size=2)
assert all(item["num"] % 2 == 0 for item in ds)
```

## Expected results
The indices of the filtered dataset should correspond to the examples with "language" equals to "english".

## Actual results
Indices to items with other languages are included in the filtered dataset indices

## Preliminar investigation
It seems a bug introduced by:
- #5030
