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a33cb6a6c290892532c75c64029710a9664cf346 | Dialect | There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language. A number of rough measures exist, sometimes leading to contradictory results. The distinction is therefore subjective and depends on the user's frame of reference. For example, there is discussion about if the Limón Creole English must be considered as "a kind" of English or a different language. This creole is spoken in the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica (Central America) by descendant of Jamaican people. The position that Costa Rican linguists support depends on the University they belong. | How do you distinguish a dialect from a different language? | {
"text": [
"subjective"
],
"answer_start": [
250
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1ff880fedfa4c801213ce317105232cd8a83fcf2 | Dialect | There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language. A number of rough measures exist, sometimes leading to contradictory results. The distinction is therefore subjective and depends on the user's frame of reference. For example, there is discussion about if the Limón Creole English must be considered as "a kind" of English or a different language. This creole is spoken in the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica (Central America) by descendant of Jamaican people. The position that Costa Rican linguists support depends on the University they belong. | What are some problems arising from the contradictory results of rough measures of determining language from dialect | {
"text": [
"The distinction is therefore subjective and depends on the user's frame of reference"
],
"answer_start": [
221
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6fdd57ff03a9d10bb9e8c63a5d85511a02631457 | Dialect | There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language. A number of rough measures exist, sometimes leading to contradictory results. The distinction is therefore subjective and depends on the user's frame of reference. For example, there is discussion about if the Limón Creole English must be considered as "a kind" of English or a different language. This creole is spoken in the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica (Central America) by descendant of Jamaican people. The position that Costa Rican linguists support depends on the University they belong. | How do the determinations about the Limon Creole English support the argument about contradictory results | {
"text": [
"The position that Costa Rican linguists support depends on the University they belong"
],
"answer_start": [
552
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
a30bb434d708a266264ded8665d63d860ee8e158 | Dialect | There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language. A number of rough measures exist, sometimes leading to contradictory results. The distinction is therefore subjective and depends on the user's frame of reference. For example, there is discussion about if the Limón Creole English must be considered as "a kind" of English or a different language. This creole is spoken in the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica (Central America) by descendant of Jamaican people. The position that Costa Rican linguists support depends on the University they belong. | What is an example of determination about language vs. dialect being dependent on a user's frame of reference | {
"text": [
"The position that Costa Rican linguists support depends on the University they belong"
],
"answer_start": [
552
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
378a74d7d658a4cc0c22993c22c07088378f96e9 | Dialect | There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language. A number of rough measures exist, sometimes leading to contradictory results. The distinction is therefore subjective and depends on the user's frame of reference. For example, there is discussion about if the Limón Creole English must be considered as "a kind" of English or a different language. This creole is spoken in the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica (Central America) by descendant of Jamaican people. The position that Costa Rican linguists support depends on the University they belong. | Which country is responsible for the origins of Limon Creole? | {
"text": [
"Jamaican"
],
"answer_start": [
535
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9f71bdb8407a09fca77d5801606fc62676949f89 | Dialect | There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language. A number of rough measures exist, sometimes leading to contradictory results. The distinction is therefore subjective and depends on the user's frame of reference. For example, there is discussion about if the Limón Creole English must be considered as "a kind" of English or a different language. This creole is spoken in the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica (Central America) by descendant of Jamaican people. The position that Costa Rican linguists support depends on the University they belong. | How does one tell whether one hears different dialects of the same language | {
"text": [
"There is no universally accepted criterion"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ba23980f2f719487016c2cdb7a00c3314db1468a | Dialect | There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language. A number of rough measures exist, sometimes leading to contradictory results. The distinction is therefore subjective and depends on the user's frame of reference. For example, there is discussion about if the Limón Creole English must be considered as "a kind" of English or a different language. This creole is spoken in the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica (Central America) by descendant of Jamaican people. The position that Costa Rican linguists support depends on the University they belong. | What is used as a an example to support the passage? | {
"text": [
"creole is spoken in the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica (Central America) by descendant of Jamaican people"
],
"answer_start": [
446
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ae822fe324af08f1bee0a2cbe43f80f7a63aad7c | Dialect | There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language. A number of rough measures exist, sometimes leading to contradictory results. The distinction is therefore subjective and depends on the user's frame of reference. For example, there is discussion about if the Limón Creole English must be considered as "a kind" of English or a different language. This creole is spoken in the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica (Central America) by descendant of Jamaican people. The position that Costa Rican linguists support depends on the University they belong. | What does the lack of universally accepted criterion for distinguishing between a language or a dialect cause? | {
"text": [
"contradictory results"
],
"answer_start": [
198
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
62daf86c7a4bb29bf1736c21f1577f92771b687c | Dialect | There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language. A number of rough measures exist, sometimes leading to contradictory results. The distinction is therefore subjective and depends on the user's frame of reference. For example, there is discussion about if the Limón Creole English must be considered as "a kind" of English or a different language. This creole is spoken in the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica (Central America) by descendant of Jamaican people. The position that Costa Rican linguists support depends on the University they belong. | What is one of the main assertions made by the passage? | {
"text": [
"no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language"
],
"answer_start": [
9
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
95a14b1455a00edae719cd443c63853621485424 | Dialect | There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language. A number of rough measures exist, sometimes leading to contradictory results. The distinction is therefore subjective and depends on the user's frame of reference. For example, there is discussion about if the Limón Creole English must be considered as "a kind" of English or a different language. This creole is spoken in the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica (Central America) by descendant of Jamaican people. The position that Costa Rican linguists support depends on the University they belong. | Who still speaks Lemon Creole ENglish | {
"text": [
"descendant of Jamaican people"
],
"answer_start": [
521
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6f3cd18b6982a4b1828564f122fe666d4f21169a | Dialect | There is no universally accepted criterion for distinguishing two different languages from two dialects (i.e. varieties) of the same language. A number of rough measures exist, sometimes leading to contradictory results. The distinction is therefore subjective and depends on the user's frame of reference. For example, there is discussion about if the Limón Creole English must be considered as "a kind" of English or a different language. This creole is spoken in the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica (Central America) by descendant of Jamaican people. The position that Costa Rican linguists support depends on the University they belong. | What is the main insight one can draw from the passage? | {
"text": [
"The distinction is therefore subjective"
],
"answer_start": [
221
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1e12ec73183d9caa37026db4bc554031979eb5a5 | Database | While there is typically only one conceptual (or logical) and physical (or internal) view of the data, there can be any number of different external views. This allows users to see database information in a more business-related way rather than from a technical, processing viewpoint. For example, a financial department of a company needs the payment details of all employees as part of the company's expenses, but does not need details about employees that are the interest of the human resources department. Thus different departments need different views of the company's database. | Which way of surfacing database information is less useful, business-related or technical? | {
"text": [
"technical"
],
"answer_start": [
252
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e88e3557d3dfbb1e63f4bc9ab3471acfcf0e2208 | Database | While there is typically only one conceptual (or logical) and physical (or internal) view of the data, there can be any number of different external views. This allows users to see database information in a more business-related way rather than from a technical, processing viewpoint. For example, a financial department of a company needs the payment details of all employees as part of the company's expenses, but does not need details about employees that are the interest of the human resources department. Thus different departments need different views of the company's database. | What type of view only has one view besides logical? | {
"text": [
"physical (or internal)"
],
"answer_start": [
62
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
22646e65184d79144dfb3580682462e02e8a0a81 | Database | While there is typically only one conceptual (or logical) and physical (or internal) view of the data, there can be any number of different external views. This allows users to see database information in a more business-related way rather than from a technical, processing viewpoint. For example, a financial department of a company needs the payment details of all employees as part of the company's expenses, but does not need details about employees that are the interest of the human resources department. Thus different departments need different views of the company's database. | What is a view other than logical and external? | {
"text": [
"internal"
],
"answer_start": [
75
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
8484cdbb225864192086b4c666f5fa9f1ef7aa7e | Database | While there is typically only one conceptual (or logical) and physical (or internal) view of the data, there can be any number of different external views. This allows users to see database information in a more business-related way rather than from a technical, processing viewpoint. For example, a financial department of a company needs the payment details of all employees as part of the company's expenses, but does not need details about employees that are the interest of the human resources department. Thus different departments need different views of the company's database. | What is a view other than external and internal? | {
"text": [
"logical"
],
"answer_start": [
49
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
dce9ec486890ac7b6d464d9d80570327e6da7920 | Database | While there is typically only one conceptual (or logical) and physical (or internal) view of the data, there can be any number of different external views. This allows users to see database information in a more business-related way rather than from a technical, processing viewpoint. For example, a financial department of a company needs the payment details of all employees as part of the company's expenses, but does not need details about employees that are the interest of the human resources department. Thus different departments need different views of the company's database. | Why is is necessary to differentiate what areas see what data? | {
"text": [
"allows users to see database information in a more business-related way rather"
],
"answer_start": [
161
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7e25541b994010be31b5477e876a591f1a612b76 | Database | While there is typically only one conceptual (or logical) and physical (or internal) view of the data, there can be any number of different external views. This allows users to see database information in a more business-related way rather than from a technical, processing viewpoint. For example, a financial department of a company needs the payment details of all employees as part of the company's expenses, but does not need details about employees that are the interest of the human resources department. Thus different departments need different views of the company's database. | Which of the following is the HR department responsible for: maintaining the database, calculating expenses, or tracking employee details? | {
"text": [
"details about employees"
],
"answer_start": [
430
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6caa27a6ac9e65ac1002c88f8919ce6ee4aee77f | Database | While there is typically only one conceptual (or logical) and physical (or internal) view of the data, there can be any number of different external views. This allows users to see database information in a more business-related way rather than from a technical, processing viewpoint. For example, a financial department of a company needs the payment details of all employees as part of the company's expenses, but does not need details about employees that are the interest of the human resources department. Thus different departments need different views of the company's database. | What type of view only has one view besides internal? | {
"text": [
"conceptual (or logical)"
],
"answer_start": [
34
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
fc455bbfe0b8638d8fc25ec9c1f31fee78dc1e41 | Database | While there is typically only one conceptual (or logical) and physical (or internal) view of the data, there can be any number of different external views. This allows users to see database information in a more business-related way rather than from a technical, processing viewpoint. For example, a financial department of a company needs the payment details of all employees as part of the company's expenses, but does not need details about employees that are the interest of the human resources department. Thus different departments need different views of the company's database. | What views only have one view? | {
"text": [
"conceptual (or logical) and physical (or internal)"
],
"answer_start": [
34
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
240b3c7e2bf568f170bd5f7812ff9bd2a56c1acb | Database | While there is typically only one conceptual (or logical) and physical (or internal) view of the data, there can be any number of different external views. This allows users to see database information in a more business-related way rather than from a technical, processing viewpoint. For example, a financial department of a company needs the payment details of all employees as part of the company's expenses, but does not need details about employees that are the interest of the human resources department. Thus different departments need different views of the company's database. | What is the antithesis of what would one say is normal regarding data? | {
"text": [
"there can be any number of different external views"
],
"answer_start": [
103
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
2c4accd917793db885a06a6f94aa4cd4e1c7b4d8 | Database | While there is typically only one conceptual (or logical) and physical (or internal) view of the data, there can be any number of different external views. This allows users to see database information in a more business-related way rather than from a technical, processing viewpoint. For example, a financial department of a company needs the payment details of all employees as part of the company's expenses, but does not need details about employees that are the interest of the human resources department. Thus different departments need different views of the company's database. | Which department does NOT handle employee details? | {
"text": [
"financial"
],
"answer_start": [
300
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
50718569105f2f93f1fbc7e5795c9a5c9931bad3 | Database | While there is typically only one conceptual (or logical) and physical (or internal) view of the data, there can be any number of different external views. This allows users to see database information in a more business-related way rather than from a technical, processing viewpoint. For example, a financial department of a company needs the payment details of all employees as part of the company's expenses, but does not need details about employees that are the interest of the human resources department. Thus different departments need different views of the company's database. | What logic suggests that different areas of a business need different views? | {
"text": [
"For example, a financial department of a company needs the payment details of all employees as part of the company's expenses, but does not need details about employees that are the interest of the human resources department"
],
"answer_start": [
285
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7e2935de3de31841454bc6841e31661af3604b25 | Database | Sometimes it is desired to bring a database back to a previous state (for many reasons, e.g., cases when the database is found corrupted due to a software error, or if it has been updated with erroneous data). To achieve this a backup operation is done occasionally or continuously, where each desired database state (i.e., the values of its data and their embedding in database's data structures) is kept within dedicated backup files (many techniques exist to do this effectively). When this state is needed, i.e., when it is decided by a database administrator to bring the database back to this state (e.g., by specifying this state by a desired point in time when the database was in this state), these files are utilized to restore that state. | What would prompt me to do a backup operation? | {
"text": [
"to bring a database back to a previous state"
],
"answer_start": [
24
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
0796b8aa27284bc0e97081a21909680cab20ec3b | Database | Sometimes it is desired to bring a database back to a previous state (for many reasons, e.g., cases when the database is found corrupted due to a software error, or if it has been updated with erroneous data). To achieve this a backup operation is done occasionally or continuously, where each desired database state (i.e., the values of its data and their embedding in database's data structures) is kept within dedicated backup files (many techniques exist to do this effectively). When this state is needed, i.e., when it is decided by a database administrator to bring the database back to this state (e.g., by specifying this state by a desired point in time when the database was in this state), these files are utilized to restore that state. | Why might I need to do a backup operation? | {
"text": [
"to bring a database back to a previous state"
],
"answer_start": [
24
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
06a971d5ea2ea68bf6018d7d8b38cd31e7aa446f | Database | Sometimes it is desired to bring a database back to a previous state (for many reasons, e.g., cases when the database is found corrupted due to a software error, or if it has been updated with erroneous data). To achieve this a backup operation is done occasionally or continuously, where each desired database state (i.e., the values of its data and their embedding in database's data structures) is kept within dedicated backup files (many techniques exist to do this effectively). When this state is needed, i.e., when it is decided by a database administrator to bring the database back to this state (e.g., by specifying this state by a desired point in time when the database was in this state), these files are utilized to restore that state. | Backup files are tied to? | {
"text": [
"time"
],
"answer_start": [
659
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
57e865315365e4e4bdeb8c7c484489d0f4e35f36 | Database | Sometimes it is desired to bring a database back to a previous state (for many reasons, e.g., cases when the database is found corrupted due to a software error, or if it has been updated with erroneous data). To achieve this a backup operation is done occasionally or continuously, where each desired database state (i.e., the values of its data and their embedding in database's data structures) is kept within dedicated backup files (many techniques exist to do this effectively). When this state is needed, i.e., when it is decided by a database administrator to bring the database back to this state (e.g., by specifying this state by a desired point in time when the database was in this state), these files are utilized to restore that state. | A database includes structures and? | {
"text": [
"data"
],
"answer_start": [
381
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c34bf76fe6eb6b805e397dbfb53e8c3adc95a9f6 | Database | Sometimes it is desired to bring a database back to a previous state (for many reasons, e.g., cases when the database is found corrupted due to a software error, or if it has been updated with erroneous data). To achieve this a backup operation is done occasionally or continuously, where each desired database state (i.e., the values of its data and their embedding in database's data structures) is kept within dedicated backup files (many techniques exist to do this effectively). When this state is needed, i.e., when it is decided by a database administrator to bring the database back to this state (e.g., by specifying this state by a desired point in time when the database was in this state), these files are utilized to restore that state. | Why would I do a backup operation? | {
"text": [
"to bring a database back to a previous state"
],
"answer_start": [
24
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
33dc886cb5aa90a377ce2b1ece30b052c3a87984 | Database | Sometimes it is desired to bring a database back to a previous state (for many reasons, e.g., cases when the database is found corrupted due to a software error, or if it has been updated with erroneous data). To achieve this a backup operation is done occasionally or continuously, where each desired database state (i.e., the values of its data and their embedding in database's data structures) is kept within dedicated backup files (many techniques exist to do this effectively). When this state is needed, i.e., when it is decided by a database administrator to bring the database back to this state (e.g., by specifying this state by a desired point in time when the database was in this state), these files are utilized to restore that state. | What isn't always infallible? | {
"text": [
"software"
],
"answer_start": [
146
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
a0cd3b644d848afe3fa33a895610981bf245ee1a | Database | Many other databases have application software that accesses the database on behalf of end-users, without exposing the DBMS interface directly. Application programmers may use a wire protocol directly, or more likely through an application programming interface. Database designers and database administrators interact with the DBMS through dedicated interfaces to build and maintain the applications' databases, and thus need some more knowledge and understanding about how DBMSs operate and the DBMSs' external interfaces and tuning parameters. | How might developers less often protect a software from change being made by most people | {
"text": [
"wire protocol directly"
],
"answer_start": [
178
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
97625b8a1c5c23040d526767c2624e712bee7386 | Database | Many other databases have application software that accesses the database on behalf of end-users, without exposing the DBMS interface directly. Application programmers may use a wire protocol directly, or more likely through an application programming interface. Database designers and database administrators interact with the DBMS through dedicated interfaces to build and maintain the applications' databases, and thus need some more knowledge and understanding about how DBMSs operate and the DBMSs' external interfaces and tuning parameters. | Who works with the DBMS interface? | {
"text": [
"end-users"
],
"answer_start": [
87
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
50b8c51417ba4aa344e84a3e3dba71bc2bb8ac04 | Database | Many other databases have application software that accesses the database on behalf of end-users, without exposing the DBMS interface directly. Application programmers may use a wire protocol directly, or more likely through an application programming interface. Database designers and database administrators interact with the DBMS through dedicated interfaces to build and maintain the applications' databases, and thus need some more knowledge and understanding about how DBMSs operate and the DBMSs' external interfaces and tuning parameters. | What would a programmer use with greater probability, in order to access a database? | {
"text": [
"application programming interface"
],
"answer_start": [
228
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
988e2d9922799437a41e2f66d555b9058eef4011 | Database | Many other databases have application software that accesses the database on behalf of end-users, without exposing the DBMS interface directly. Application programmers may use a wire protocol directly, or more likely through an application programming interface. Database designers and database administrators interact with the DBMS through dedicated interfaces to build and maintain the applications' databases, and thus need some more knowledge and understanding about how DBMSs operate and the DBMSs' external interfaces and tuning parameters. | How is a specific interface accessed in this passage? | {
"text": [
"dedicated interfaces"
],
"answer_start": [
341
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d90877a7b320b10056a09dec34c84fa291a19cfa | Database | Many other databases have application software that accesses the database on behalf of end-users, without exposing the DBMS interface directly. Application programmers may use a wire protocol directly, or more likely through an application programming interface. Database designers and database administrators interact with the DBMS through dedicated interfaces to build and maintain the applications' databases, and thus need some more knowledge and understanding about how DBMSs operate and the DBMSs' external interfaces and tuning parameters. | Who sets up the DBMS interface? | {
"text": [
"designers"
],
"answer_start": [
272
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
018b1fd106c9b3b7202799b5c5b0e5363c299948 | Database | Many other databases have application software that accesses the database on behalf of end-users, without exposing the DBMS interface directly. Application programmers may use a wire protocol directly, or more likely through an application programming interface. Database designers and database administrators interact with the DBMS through dedicated interfaces to build and maintain the applications' databases, and thus need some more knowledge and understanding about how DBMSs operate and the DBMSs' external interfaces and tuning parameters. | How do end-users avoid interacting directly with a DBMS interface? | {
"text": [
"application software"
],
"answer_start": [
26
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
daea485b838a440b22dbe03900599af994650e96 | Database | Many other databases have application software that accesses the database on behalf of end-users, without exposing the DBMS interface directly. Application programmers may use a wire protocol directly, or more likely through an application programming interface. Database designers and database administrators interact with the DBMS through dedicated interfaces to build and maintain the applications' databases, and thus need some more knowledge and understanding about how DBMSs operate and the DBMSs' external interfaces and tuning parameters. | When might a wire protocol be used? | {
"text": [
"application software that accesses the database on behalf of end-users"
],
"answer_start": [
26
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9adcdbd712d107425d6641ec65d959b8a8906f7c | Database | Many other databases have application software that accesses the database on behalf of end-users, without exposing the DBMS interface directly. Application programmers may use a wire protocol directly, or more likely through an application programming interface. Database designers and database administrators interact with the DBMS through dedicated interfaces to build and maintain the applications' databases, and thus need some more knowledge and understanding about how DBMSs operate and the DBMSs' external interfaces and tuning parameters. | By using software to get into a database, what remains hidden? | {
"text": [
"DBMS interface"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e3e76fe514d884cc038801834ecb221710fa3e6b | Database | Many other databases have application software that accesses the database on behalf of end-users, without exposing the DBMS interface directly. Application programmers may use a wire protocol directly, or more likely through an application programming interface. Database designers and database administrators interact with the DBMS through dedicated interfaces to build and maintain the applications' databases, and thus need some more knowledge and understanding about how DBMSs operate and the DBMSs' external interfaces and tuning parameters. | What should someone ideally have to alter the DMBS | {
"text": [
"knowledge and understanding about how DBMSs"
],
"answer_start": [
437
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
2d8c1f643add20ab550c1b73133d7f2aacbed5ab | Database | Many other databases have application software that accesses the database on behalf of end-users, without exposing the DBMS interface directly. Application programmers may use a wire protocol directly, or more likely through an application programming interface. Database designers and database administrators interact with the DBMS through dedicated interfaces to build and maintain the applications' databases, and thus need some more knowledge and understanding about how DBMSs operate and the DBMSs' external interfaces and tuning parameters. | What security element is discussed? | {
"text": [
"without exposing the DBMS interface directly"
],
"answer_start": [
98
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7c1d833c0c860d7cf45cd9c5c19167ae85b8023e | Database | Many other databases have application software that accesses the database on behalf of end-users, without exposing the DBMS interface directly. Application programmers may use a wire protocol directly, or more likely through an application programming interface. Database designers and database administrators interact with the DBMS through dedicated interfaces to build and maintain the applications' databases, and thus need some more knowledge and understanding about how DBMSs operate and the DBMSs' external interfaces and tuning parameters. | What works with the DBMS but maybe not others? | {
"text": [
"interact with the DBMS through dedicated interfaces"
],
"answer_start": [
310
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b3cfe50eb0c693f4f0984a6b0fb12172f74549b1 | Database | Many other databases have application software that accesses the database on behalf of end-users, without exposing the DBMS interface directly. Application programmers may use a wire protocol directly, or more likely through an application programming interface. Database designers and database administrators interact with the DBMS through dedicated interfaces to build and maintain the applications' databases, and thus need some more knowledge and understanding about how DBMSs operate and the DBMSs' external interfaces and tuning parameters. | Where is further study needed? | {
"text": [
"DBMSs operate and the DBMSs' external interfaces and tuning parameters"
],
"answer_start": [
475
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
51fc7734353d400cc2368cbebc6e27aa43d772af | Database | Many other databases have application software that accesses the database on behalf of end-users, without exposing the DBMS interface directly. Application programmers may use a wire protocol directly, or more likely through an application programming interface. Database designers and database administrators interact with the DBMS through dedicated interfaces to build and maintain the applications' databases, and thus need some more knowledge and understanding about how DBMSs operate and the DBMSs' external interfaces and tuning parameters. | What two possible roles might you hold if are knowledgeable about DBMSs' external interfaces? | {
"text": [
"Database designers and database administrators"
],
"answer_start": [
263
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
0091b07c36a8204aa16c68cd625c02742f09539f | Database | Many other databases have application software that accesses the database on behalf of end-users, without exposing the DBMS interface directly. Application programmers may use a wire protocol directly, or more likely through an application programming interface. Database designers and database administrators interact with the DBMS through dedicated interfaces to build and maintain the applications' databases, and thus need some more knowledge and understanding about how DBMSs operate and the DBMSs' external interfaces and tuning parameters. | What do many databases keep protected | {
"text": [
"DBMS interface"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5c8fad72881ebea191e71428533f6c1dae993f93 | Database | Many other databases have application software that accesses the database on behalf of end-users, without exposing the DBMS interface directly. Application programmers may use a wire protocol directly, or more likely through an application programming interface. Database designers and database administrators interact with the DBMS through dedicated interfaces to build and maintain the applications' databases, and thus need some more knowledge and understanding about how DBMSs operate and the DBMSs' external interfaces and tuning parameters. | Who takes care of the on DBMS behalf of end-users? | {
"text": [
"administrators"
],
"answer_start": [
295
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7a180a2a745abfda33a353772390608e6ea7252a | Database | Database storage is the container of the physical materialization of a database. It comprises the internal (physical) level in the database architecture. It also contains all the information needed (e.g., metadata, "data about the data", and internal data structures) to reconstruct the conceptual level and external level from the internal level when needed. Putting data into permanent storage is generally the responsibility of the database engine a.k.a. "storage engine". Though typically accessed by a DBMS through the underlying operating system (and often utilizing the operating systems' file systems as intermediates for storage layout), storage properties and configuration setting are extremely important for the efficient operation of the DBMS, and thus are closely maintained by database administrators. A DBMS, while in operation, always has its database residing in several types of storage (e.g., memory and external storage). The database data and the additional needed information, possibly in very large amounts, are coded into bits. Data typically reside in the storage in structures that look completely different from the way the data look in the conceptual and external levels, but in ways that attempt to optimize (the best possible) these levels' reconstruction when needed by users and programs, as well as for computing additional types of needed information from the data (e.g., when querying the database). | What is learned from metadata? | {
"text": [
"data about the data"
],
"answer_start": [
216
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
53dad87d1ba537d9ede64a5d4fc553b633c510bd | Database | Database storage is the container of the physical materialization of a database. It comprises the internal (physical) level in the database architecture. It also contains all the information needed (e.g., metadata, "data about the data", and internal data structures) to reconstruct the conceptual level and external level from the internal level when needed. Putting data into permanent storage is generally the responsibility of the database engine a.k.a. "storage engine". Though typically accessed by a DBMS through the underlying operating system (and often utilizing the operating systems' file systems as intermediates for storage layout), storage properties and configuration setting are extremely important for the efficient operation of the DBMS, and thus are closely maintained by database administrators. A DBMS, while in operation, always has its database residing in several types of storage (e.g., memory and external storage). The database data and the additional needed information, possibly in very large amounts, are coded into bits. Data typically reside in the storage in structures that look completely different from the way the data look in the conceptual and external levels, but in ways that attempt to optimize (the best possible) these levels' reconstruction when needed by users and programs, as well as for computing additional types of needed information from the data (e.g., when querying the database). | What can the database differentiate? | {
"text": [
"the conceptual level and external level from the internal level"
],
"answer_start": [
283
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6fac6a23d392adeedc325d45338a36489e3cef2a | Database | Database storage is the container of the physical materialization of a database. It comprises the internal (physical) level in the database architecture. It also contains all the information needed (e.g., metadata, "data about the data", and internal data structures) to reconstruct the conceptual level and external level from the internal level when needed. Putting data into permanent storage is generally the responsibility of the database engine a.k.a. "storage engine". Though typically accessed by a DBMS through the underlying operating system (and often utilizing the operating systems' file systems as intermediates for storage layout), storage properties and configuration setting are extremely important for the efficient operation of the DBMS, and thus are closely maintained by database administrators. A DBMS, while in operation, always has its database residing in several types of storage (e.g., memory and external storage). The database data and the additional needed information, possibly in very large amounts, are coded into bits. Data typically reside in the storage in structures that look completely different from the way the data look in the conceptual and external levels, but in ways that attempt to optimize (the best possible) these levels' reconstruction when needed by users and programs, as well as for computing additional types of needed information from the data (e.g., when querying the database). | What is the difference between stored data and not stored data? | {
"text": [
"look completely different from the way the data look in the conceptual and external levels"
],
"answer_start": [
1109
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4d7dbe0661fe89a48973320b12af70b7433c85c0 | Database | Database storage is the container of the physical materialization of a database. It comprises the internal (physical) level in the database architecture. It also contains all the information needed (e.g., metadata, "data about the data", and internal data structures) to reconstruct the conceptual level and external level from the internal level when needed. Putting data into permanent storage is generally the responsibility of the database engine a.k.a. "storage engine". Though typically accessed by a DBMS through the underlying operating system (and often utilizing the operating systems' file systems as intermediates for storage layout), storage properties and configuration setting are extremely important for the efficient operation of the DBMS, and thus are closely maintained by database administrators. A DBMS, while in operation, always has its database residing in several types of storage (e.g., memory and external storage). The database data and the additional needed information, possibly in very large amounts, are coded into bits. Data typically reside in the storage in structures that look completely different from the way the data look in the conceptual and external levels, but in ways that attempt to optimize (the best possible) these levels' reconstruction when needed by users and programs, as well as for computing additional types of needed information from the data (e.g., when querying the database). | Which of the following is not needed to reconstruct the conceptual level of the database: metadata, internal data structures or configuration settings? | {
"text": [
"configuration setting"
],
"answer_start": [
670
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
defa29ece9b3e4039031e743b03559555486fe1c | Database | Database storage is the container of the physical materialization of a database. It comprises the internal (physical) level in the database architecture. It also contains all the information needed (e.g., metadata, "data about the data", and internal data structures) to reconstruct the conceptual level and external level from the internal level when needed. Putting data into permanent storage is generally the responsibility of the database engine a.k.a. "storage engine". Though typically accessed by a DBMS through the underlying operating system (and often utilizing the operating systems' file systems as intermediates for storage layout), storage properties and configuration setting are extremely important for the efficient operation of the DBMS, and thus are closely maintained by database administrators. A DBMS, while in operation, always has its database residing in several types of storage (e.g., memory and external storage). The database data and the additional needed information, possibly in very large amounts, are coded into bits. Data typically reside in the storage in structures that look completely different from the way the data look in the conceptual and external levels, but in ways that attempt to optimize (the best possible) these levels' reconstruction when needed by users and programs, as well as for computing additional types of needed information from the data (e.g., when querying the database). | What is the need of storage? | {
"text": [
"It comprises the internal (physical) level in the database architecture"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
a2f43237901b079ec2112fc33160461170e94fca | Database | Database storage is the container of the physical materialization of a database. It comprises the internal (physical) level in the database architecture. It also contains all the information needed (e.g., metadata, "data about the data", and internal data structures) to reconstruct the conceptual level and external level from the internal level when needed. Putting data into permanent storage is generally the responsibility of the database engine a.k.a. "storage engine". Though typically accessed by a DBMS through the underlying operating system (and often utilizing the operating systems' file systems as intermediates for storage layout), storage properties and configuration setting are extremely important for the efficient operation of the DBMS, and thus are closely maintained by database administrators. A DBMS, while in operation, always has its database residing in several types of storage (e.g., memory and external storage). The database data and the additional needed information, possibly in very large amounts, are coded into bits. Data typically reside in the storage in structures that look completely different from the way the data look in the conceptual and external levels, but in ways that attempt to optimize (the best possible) these levels' reconstruction when needed by users and programs, as well as for computing additional types of needed information from the data (e.g., when querying the database). | What does one need to have done before to read the data? | {
"text": [
"coded"
],
"answer_start": [
1036
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
fbe69268d09fe05f095714a64db3adb6bade9db7 | Database | Database storage is the container of the physical materialization of a database. It comprises the internal (physical) level in the database architecture. It also contains all the information needed (e.g., metadata, "data about the data", and internal data structures) to reconstruct the conceptual level and external level from the internal level when needed. Putting data into permanent storage is generally the responsibility of the database engine a.k.a. "storage engine". Though typically accessed by a DBMS through the underlying operating system (and often utilizing the operating systems' file systems as intermediates for storage layout), storage properties and configuration setting are extremely important for the efficient operation of the DBMS, and thus are closely maintained by database administrators. A DBMS, while in operation, always has its database residing in several types of storage (e.g., memory and external storage). The database data and the additional needed information, possibly in very large amounts, are coded into bits. Data typically reside in the storage in structures that look completely different from the way the data look in the conceptual and external levels, but in ways that attempt to optimize (the best possible) these levels' reconstruction when needed by users and programs, as well as for computing additional types of needed information from the data (e.g., when querying the database). | How much information is needed in addition to the data? | {
"text": [
"possibly in very large amounts"
],
"answer_start": [
1000
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
fb6aed3bc71c5ea8df83a1691eec1a6d2d269b9d | Database | Database storage is the container of the physical materialization of a database. It comprises the internal (physical) level in the database architecture. It also contains all the information needed (e.g., metadata, "data about the data", and internal data structures) to reconstruct the conceptual level and external level from the internal level when needed. Putting data into permanent storage is generally the responsibility of the database engine a.k.a. "storage engine". Though typically accessed by a DBMS through the underlying operating system (and often utilizing the operating systems' file systems as intermediates for storage layout), storage properties and configuration setting are extremely important for the efficient operation of the DBMS, and thus are closely maintained by database administrators. A DBMS, while in operation, always has its database residing in several types of storage (e.g., memory and external storage). The database data and the additional needed information, possibly in very large amounts, are coded into bits. Data typically reside in the storage in structures that look completely different from the way the data look in the conceptual and external levels, but in ways that attempt to optimize (the best possible) these levels' reconstruction when needed by users and programs, as well as for computing additional types of needed information from the data (e.g., when querying the database). | How does a database work? | {
"text": [
"The database data and the additional needed information, possibly in very large amounts, are coded into bits"
],
"answer_start": [
943
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ee5700b3dad566d7f0920115d0ed2a09ab296d7d | Database | Database storage is the container of the physical materialization of a database. It comprises the internal (physical) level in the database architecture. It also contains all the information needed (e.g., metadata, "data about the data", and internal data structures) to reconstruct the conceptual level and external level from the internal level when needed. Putting data into permanent storage is generally the responsibility of the database engine a.k.a. "storage engine". Though typically accessed by a DBMS through the underlying operating system (and often utilizing the operating systems' file systems as intermediates for storage layout), storage properties and configuration setting are extremely important for the efficient operation of the DBMS, and thus are closely maintained by database administrators. A DBMS, while in operation, always has its database residing in several types of storage (e.g., memory and external storage). The database data and the additional needed information, possibly in very large amounts, are coded into bits. Data typically reside in the storage in structures that look completely different from the way the data look in the conceptual and external levels, but in ways that attempt to optimize (the best possible) these levels' reconstruction when needed by users and programs, as well as for computing additional types of needed information from the data (e.g., when querying the database). | What is contained in a database? | {
"text": [
"metadata, \"data about the data\", and internal data structures"
],
"answer_start": [
205
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b4ab2e34298876a035c27230864dc18cf112df24 | Database | Database storage is the container of the physical materialization of a database. It comprises the internal (physical) level in the database architecture. It also contains all the information needed (e.g., metadata, "data about the data", and internal data structures) to reconstruct the conceptual level and external level from the internal level when needed. Putting data into permanent storage is generally the responsibility of the database engine a.k.a. "storage engine". Though typically accessed by a DBMS through the underlying operating system (and often utilizing the operating systems' file systems as intermediates for storage layout), storage properties and configuration setting are extremely important for the efficient operation of the DBMS, and thus are closely maintained by database administrators. A DBMS, while in operation, always has its database residing in several types of storage (e.g., memory and external storage). The database data and the additional needed information, possibly in very large amounts, are coded into bits. Data typically reside in the storage in structures that look completely different from the way the data look in the conceptual and external levels, but in ways that attempt to optimize (the best possible) these levels' reconstruction when needed by users and programs, as well as for computing additional types of needed information from the data (e.g., when querying the database). | Which of the following is not used to store information: databases, file systems or users? | {
"text": [
"users"
],
"answer_start": [
1302
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ca946968d6fa0e9f202c7b15f248430be5767f5e | Database | Database storage is the container of the physical materialization of a database. It comprises the internal (physical) level in the database architecture. It also contains all the information needed (e.g., metadata, "data about the data", and internal data structures) to reconstruct the conceptual level and external level from the internal level when needed. Putting data into permanent storage is generally the responsibility of the database engine a.k.a. "storage engine". Though typically accessed by a DBMS through the underlying operating system (and often utilizing the operating systems' file systems as intermediates for storage layout), storage properties and configuration setting are extremely important for the efficient operation of the DBMS, and thus are closely maintained by database administrators. A DBMS, while in operation, always has its database residing in several types of storage (e.g., memory and external storage). The database data and the additional needed information, possibly in very large amounts, are coded into bits. Data typically reside in the storage in structures that look completely different from the way the data look in the conceptual and external levels, but in ways that attempt to optimize (the best possible) these levels' reconstruction when needed by users and programs, as well as for computing additional types of needed information from the data (e.g., when querying the database). | How is data stored? | {
"text": [
"the responsibility of the database engine a.k.a. \"storage engine\""
],
"answer_start": [
409
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
356d03c12f6069958783e2d70c7986b49a1def85 | Database | Database storage is the container of the physical materialization of a database. It comprises the internal (physical) level in the database architecture. It also contains all the information needed (e.g., metadata, "data about the data", and internal data structures) to reconstruct the conceptual level and external level from the internal level when needed. Putting data into permanent storage is generally the responsibility of the database engine a.k.a. "storage engine". Though typically accessed by a DBMS through the underlying operating system (and often utilizing the operating systems' file systems as intermediates for storage layout), storage properties and configuration setting are extremely important for the efficient operation of the DBMS, and thus are closely maintained by database administrators. A DBMS, while in operation, always has its database residing in several types of storage (e.g., memory and external storage). The database data and the additional needed information, possibly in very large amounts, are coded into bits. Data typically reside in the storage in structures that look completely different from the way the data look in the conceptual and external levels, but in ways that attempt to optimize (the best possible) these levels' reconstruction when needed by users and programs, as well as for computing additional types of needed information from the data (e.g., when querying the database). | Which of the following is not a group of humans: database administrators, file systems or users? | {
"text": [
"file systems"
],
"answer_start": [
596
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3f4bcd21c4c11c3749edddf05f15b3bd29f29d7f | Great_power | A great power is a sovereign state that is recognized as having the ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale. Great powers characteristically possess military and economic strength, as well as diplomatic and soft power influence, which may cause middle or small powers to consider the great powers' opinions before taking actions of their own. International relations theorists have posited that great power status can be characterized into power capabilities, spatial aspects, and status dimensions. Sometimes the status of great powers is formally recognized in conferences such as the Congress of Vienna or an international structure such as the United Nations Security Council (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States serve as the body's five permanent members). At the same time the status of great powers can be informally recognized in a forum such as the G7 which consists of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. | Italy and Japan both do not belong to which group? | {
"text": [
"the United Nations Security Council"
],
"answer_start": [
667
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
982c99944711a980c003330a212694961b95ba64 | Great_power | A great power is a sovereign state that is recognized as having the ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale. Great powers characteristically possess military and economic strength, as well as diplomatic and soft power influence, which may cause middle or small powers to consider the great powers' opinions before taking actions of their own. International relations theorists have posited that great power status can be characterized into power capabilities, spatial aspects, and status dimensions. Sometimes the status of great powers is formally recognized in conferences such as the Congress of Vienna or an international structure such as the United Nations Security Council (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States serve as the body's five permanent members). At the same time the status of great powers can be informally recognized in a forum such as the G7 which consists of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. | What is the single Asian country that belongs to the informal body of world leaders? | {
"text": [
"Japan"
],
"answer_start": [
962
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e1a3129228d4e8bf9d0f6656a2880efa21553a46 | Great_power | A great power is a sovereign state that is recognized as having the ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale. Great powers characteristically possess military and economic strength, as well as diplomatic and soft power influence, which may cause middle or small powers to consider the great powers' opinions before taking actions of their own. International relations theorists have posited that great power status can be characterized into power capabilities, spatial aspects, and status dimensions. Sometimes the status of great powers is formally recognized in conferences such as the Congress of Vienna or an international structure such as the United Nations Security Council (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States serve as the body's five permanent members). At the same time the status of great powers can be informally recognized in a forum such as the G7 which consists of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. | What type of power involves using weapons to influence events? | {
"text": [
"military"
],
"answer_start": [
172
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4792606e4257881915014a830db3cbe382d25536 | Great_power | A great power is a sovereign state that is recognized as having the ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale. Great powers characteristically possess military and economic strength, as well as diplomatic and soft power influence, which may cause middle or small powers to consider the great powers' opinions before taking actions of their own. International relations theorists have posited that great power status can be characterized into power capabilities, spatial aspects, and status dimensions. Sometimes the status of great powers is formally recognized in conferences such as the Congress of Vienna or an international structure such as the United Nations Security Council (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States serve as the body's five permanent members). At the same time the status of great powers can be informally recognized in a forum such as the G7 which consists of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. | What is believed to be the characteristics of a great power by people who analyze relationships between countries? | {
"text": [
"power capabilities, spatial aspects, and status dimensions"
],
"answer_start": [
463
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1fe91679834c36e90fd5a67af5fadf924c3939c7 | Great_power | A great power is a sovereign state that is recognized as having the ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale. Great powers characteristically possess military and economic strength, as well as diplomatic and soft power influence, which may cause middle or small powers to consider the great powers' opinions before taking actions of their own. International relations theorists have posited that great power status can be characterized into power capabilities, spatial aspects, and status dimensions. Sometimes the status of great powers is formally recognized in conferences such as the Congress of Vienna or an international structure such as the United Nations Security Council (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States serve as the body's five permanent members). At the same time the status of great powers can be informally recognized in a forum such as the G7 which consists of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. | What island country is a member of both the UN and G7? | {
"text": [
"United Kingdom"
],
"answer_start": [
973
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ebd34ea7f4f03042f232a2db4ab587612d06f658 | Great_power | A great power is a sovereign state that is recognized as having the ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale. Great powers characteristically possess military and economic strength, as well as diplomatic and soft power influence, which may cause middle or small powers to consider the great powers' opinions before taking actions of their own. International relations theorists have posited that great power status can be characterized into power capabilities, spatial aspects, and status dimensions. Sometimes the status of great powers is formally recognized in conferences such as the Congress of Vienna or an international structure such as the United Nations Security Council (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States serve as the body's five permanent members). At the same time the status of great powers can be informally recognized in a forum such as the G7 which consists of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. | What types of states can be classified as great powers? | {
"text": [
"sovereign"
],
"answer_start": [
19
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
2c62d486672cddbf52f8d73b9c1d0ca24daaf180 | Great_power | A great power is a sovereign state that is recognized as having the ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale. Great powers characteristically possess military and economic strength, as well as diplomatic and soft power influence, which may cause middle or small powers to consider the great powers' opinions before taking actions of their own. International relations theorists have posited that great power status can be characterized into power capabilities, spatial aspects, and status dimensions. Sometimes the status of great powers is formally recognized in conferences such as the Congress of Vienna or an international structure such as the United Nations Security Council (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States serve as the body's five permanent members). At the same time the status of great powers can be informally recognized in a forum such as the G7 which consists of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. | Which North American country is part of the G7, but not a permanent UN Security Council member? | {
"text": [
"Canada"
],
"answer_start": [
930
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
baaba9620ca890a31deeaa61a2ba676bbe808716 | Great_power | A great power is a sovereign state that is recognized as having the ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale. Great powers characteristically possess military and economic strength, as well as diplomatic and soft power influence, which may cause middle or small powers to consider the great powers' opinions before taking actions of their own. International relations theorists have posited that great power status can be characterized into power capabilities, spatial aspects, and status dimensions. Sometimes the status of great powers is formally recognized in conferences such as the Congress of Vienna or an international structure such as the United Nations Security Council (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States serve as the body's five permanent members). At the same time the status of great powers can be informally recognized in a forum such as the G7 which consists of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. | Besides France, what two countries are on both the UN Security Council and in the G7? | {
"text": [
"the United Kingdom and the United States"
],
"answer_start": [
727
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
76b69da68780c9ac29df2aaafa799c283ad29c4f | Great_power | A great power is a sovereign state that is recognized as having the ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale. Great powers characteristically possess military and economic strength, as well as diplomatic and soft power influence, which may cause middle or small powers to consider the great powers' opinions before taking actions of their own. International relations theorists have posited that great power status can be characterized into power capabilities, spatial aspects, and status dimensions. Sometimes the status of great powers is formally recognized in conferences such as the Congress of Vienna or an international structure such as the United Nations Security Council (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States serve as the body's five permanent members). At the same time the status of great powers can be informally recognized in a forum such as the G7 which consists of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. | How do great powers influence global events? | {
"text": [
"cause middle or small powers to consider the great powers' opinions before taking actions"
],
"answer_start": [
262
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
068433dc395d776469a5d7d067d1fab97f1f135b | Great_power | A great power is a sovereign state that is recognized as having the ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale. Great powers characteristically possess military and economic strength, as well as diplomatic and soft power influence, which may cause middle or small powers to consider the great powers' opinions before taking actions of their own. International relations theorists have posited that great power status can be characterized into power capabilities, spatial aspects, and status dimensions. Sometimes the status of great powers is formally recognized in conferences such as the Congress of Vienna or an international structure such as the United Nations Security Council (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States serve as the body's five permanent members). At the same time the status of great powers can be informally recognized in a forum such as the G7 which consists of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. | Russia and China both do not belong to which group? | {
"text": [
"the G7"
],
"answer_start": [
905
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5523d279cf79cd6d7c806f493d2930986b2a97ea | Great_power | A great power is a sovereign state that is recognized as having the ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale. Great powers characteristically possess military and economic strength, as well as diplomatic and soft power influence, which may cause middle or small powers to consider the great powers' opinions before taking actions of their own. International relations theorists have posited that great power status can be characterized into power capabilities, spatial aspects, and status dimensions. Sometimes the status of great powers is formally recognized in conferences such as the Congress of Vienna or an international structure such as the United Nations Security Council (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States serve as the body's five permanent members). At the same time the status of great powers can be informally recognized in a forum such as the G7 which consists of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. | Besides Russia, what country is not part of the G7? | {
"text": [
"China"
],
"answer_start": [
704
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d5e0c3a8c55626f8b27a7701d1e0632ad3c7de4e | Great_power | A great power is a sovereign state that is recognized as having the ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale. Great powers characteristically possess military and economic strength, as well as diplomatic and soft power influence, which may cause middle or small powers to consider the great powers' opinions before taking actions of their own. International relations theorists have posited that great power status can be characterized into power capabilities, spatial aspects, and status dimensions. Sometimes the status of great powers is formally recognized in conferences such as the Congress of Vienna or an international structure such as the United Nations Security Council (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States serve as the body's five permanent members). At the same time the status of great powers can be informally recognized in a forum such as the G7 which consists of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. | Besides the United States and the United Kingdom, what country is on both the UN Security Council and in the G7? | {
"text": [
"France"
],
"answer_start": [
711
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9070774b25a1c2f927db3e0dcdfedb9159b9f6a6 | Great_power | A great power is a sovereign state that is recognized as having the ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale. Great powers characteristically possess military and economic strength, as well as diplomatic and soft power influence, which may cause middle or small powers to consider the great powers' opinions before taking actions of their own. International relations theorists have posited that great power status can be characterized into power capabilities, spatial aspects, and status dimensions. Sometimes the status of great powers is formally recognized in conferences such as the Congress of Vienna or an international structure such as the United Nations Security Council (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States serve as the body's five permanent members). At the same time the status of great powers can be informally recognized in a forum such as the G7 which consists of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States of America. | Which island country is not part of the UN Security Council as a permanent member? | {
"text": [
"Japan"
],
"answer_start": [
962
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
726a0db9aa3aad5e7b14d62a572abd8e39e7ce81 | Glass | Glass has the ability to refract, reflect, and transmit light following geometrical optics, without scattering it. It is used in the manufacture of lenses and windows. Common glass has a refraction index around 1.5. This may be modified by adding low-density materials such as boron, which lowers the index of refraction (see crown glass), or increased (to as much as 1.8) with high-density materials such as (classically) lead oxide (see flint glass and lead glass), or in modern uses, less toxic oxides of zirconium, titanium, or barium. These high-index glasses (inaccurately known as "crystal" when used in glass vessels) cause more chromatic dispersion of light, and are prized for their diamond-like optical properties. | How can the refraction index of a piece of glass be reduced? | {
"text": [
"by adding low-density materials"
],
"answer_start": [
237
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5562373a05aebad0a61e9579a442833ea480f213 | Glass | Glass has the ability to refract, reflect, and transmit light following geometrical optics, without scattering it. It is used in the manufacture of lenses and windows. Common glass has a refraction index around 1.5. This may be modified by adding low-density materials such as boron, which lowers the index of refraction (see crown glass), or increased (to as much as 1.8) with high-density materials such as (classically) lead oxide (see flint glass and lead glass), or in modern uses, less toxic oxides of zirconium, titanium, or barium. These high-index glasses (inaccurately known as "crystal" when used in glass vessels) cause more chromatic dispersion of light, and are prized for their diamond-like optical properties. | __ has an electronegativity of 1.33 on the Pauling scale. | {
"text": [
"zirconium"
],
"answer_start": [
508
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
621d2b5d83a593d04caeb37bef159e4a818b6e8f | Glass | Glass has the ability to refract, reflect, and transmit light following geometrical optics, without scattering it. It is used in the manufacture of lenses and windows. Common glass has a refraction index around 1.5. This may be modified by adding low-density materials such as boron, which lowers the index of refraction (see crown glass), or increased (to as much as 1.8) with high-density materials such as (classically) lead oxide (see flint glass and lead glass), or in modern uses, less toxic oxides of zirconium, titanium, or barium. These high-index glasses (inaccurately known as "crystal" when used in glass vessels) cause more chromatic dispersion of light, and are prized for their diamond-like optical properties. | Refraction can be changed by adding materials of various what? | {
"text": [
"density"
],
"answer_start": [
251
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f26669c33cfb1548bf56e6bc0b6a8fda8f9a3167 | Glass | Glass has the ability to refract, reflect, and transmit light following geometrical optics, without scattering it. It is used in the manufacture of lenses and windows. Common glass has a refraction index around 1.5. This may be modified by adding low-density materials such as boron, which lowers the index of refraction (see crown glass), or increased (to as much as 1.8) with high-density materials such as (classically) lead oxide (see flint glass and lead glass), or in modern uses, less toxic oxides of zirconium, titanium, or barium. These high-index glasses (inaccurately known as "crystal" when used in glass vessels) cause more chromatic dispersion of light, and are prized for their diamond-like optical properties. | Glass with high density materials are sometimes called? | {
"text": [
"crystal"
],
"answer_start": [
589
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ba6ebfcde6bf310e0318ceaae8c0a5e3eac942fe | Glass | Glass has the ability to refract, reflect, and transmit light following geometrical optics, without scattering it. It is used in the manufacture of lenses and windows. Common glass has a refraction index around 1.5. This may be modified by adding low-density materials such as boron, which lowers the index of refraction (see crown glass), or increased (to as much as 1.8) with high-density materials such as (classically) lead oxide (see flint glass and lead glass), or in modern uses, less toxic oxides of zirconium, titanium, or barium. These high-index glasses (inaccurately known as "crystal" when used in glass vessels) cause more chromatic dispersion of light, and are prized for their diamond-like optical properties. | __ is a lustrous, greyish-white, soft, ductile, malleable metal that is solid at room temperature, though it is hard and brittle at lesser purities. | {
"text": [
"zirconium"
],
"answer_start": [
508
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ed4563899aba1a94ad12d2b7615ea921c5cf31e6 | Glass | Glass has the ability to refract, reflect, and transmit light following geometrical optics, without scattering it. It is used in the manufacture of lenses and windows. Common glass has a refraction index around 1.5. This may be modified by adding low-density materials such as boron, which lowers the index of refraction (see crown glass), or increased (to as much as 1.8) with high-density materials such as (classically) lead oxide (see flint glass and lead glass), or in modern uses, less toxic oxides of zirconium, titanium, or barium. These high-index glasses (inaccurately known as "crystal" when used in glass vessels) cause more chromatic dispersion of light, and are prized for their diamond-like optical properties. | What goes through glass through refraction? | {
"text": [
"light"
],
"answer_start": [
56
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6c87ed09ecdc50bb754df1de77f85fcd8c2d4778 | Glass | Glass has the ability to refract, reflect, and transmit light following geometrical optics, without scattering it. It is used in the manufacture of lenses and windows. Common glass has a refraction index around 1.5. This may be modified by adding low-density materials such as boron, which lowers the index of refraction (see crown glass), or increased (to as much as 1.8) with high-density materials such as (classically) lead oxide (see flint glass and lead glass), or in modern uses, less toxic oxides of zirconium, titanium, or barium. These high-index glasses (inaccurately known as "crystal" when used in glass vessels) cause more chromatic dispersion of light, and are prized for their diamond-like optical properties. | The melting point of __is 1855 °C . | {
"text": [
"zirconium"
],
"answer_start": [
508
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
24452c0f48c329db42556ebd1d100dad13be1d5e | Glass | Glass-ceramic materials share many properties with both non-crystalline glass and crystalline ceramics. They are formed as a glass, and then partially crystallized by heat treatment. For example, the microstructure of whiteware ceramics frequently contains both amorphous and crystalline phases. Crystalline grains are often embedded within a non-crystalline intergranular phase of grain boundaries. When applied to whiteware ceramics, vitreous means the material has an extremely low permeability to liquids, often but not always water, when determined by a specified test regime. | What is similar? | {
"text": [
"properties"
],
"answer_start": [
35
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1bff0bb025164931b5af6e0ccc6294961c7bd7b2 | Glass | Glass-ceramic materials share many properties with both non-crystalline glass and crystalline ceramics. They are formed as a glass, and then partially crystallized by heat treatment. For example, the microstructure of whiteware ceramics frequently contains both amorphous and crystalline phases. Crystalline grains are often embedded within a non-crystalline intergranular phase of grain boundaries. When applied to whiteware ceramics, vitreous means the material has an extremely low permeability to liquids, often but not always water, when determined by a specified test regime. | What cannot be done with cold? | {
"text": [
"crystallized"
],
"answer_start": [
151
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
cc13b20b1da09248f2dfd76f6add2af3dffed7c8 | Glass | Glass-ceramic materials share many properties with both non-crystalline glass and crystalline ceramics. They are formed as a glass, and then partially crystallized by heat treatment. For example, the microstructure of whiteware ceramics frequently contains both amorphous and crystalline phases. Crystalline grains are often embedded within a non-crystalline intergranular phase of grain boundaries. When applied to whiteware ceramics, vitreous means the material has an extremely low permeability to liquids, often but not always water, when determined by a specified test regime. | What can I find in both glass ceramics and crystalline ceramics? | {
"text": [
"many properties"
],
"answer_start": [
30
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
df48da6d285edb9fff04feb02daeaf4afaddab6e | Glass | Glass-ceramic materials share many properties with both non-crystalline glass and crystalline ceramics. They are formed as a glass, and then partially crystallized by heat treatment. For example, the microstructure of whiteware ceramics frequently contains both amorphous and crystalline phases. Crystalline grains are often embedded within a non-crystalline intergranular phase of grain boundaries. When applied to whiteware ceramics, vitreous means the material has an extremely low permeability to liquids, often but not always water, when determined by a specified test regime. | What can't pass through the whiteware ceramics? | {
"text": [
"liquids"
],
"answer_start": [
501
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
26a9b92a98be8d603aaba34cf05f43cd7e6090d4 | Glass | Glass-ceramic materials share many properties with both non-crystalline glass and crystalline ceramics. They are formed as a glass, and then partially crystallized by heat treatment. For example, the microstructure of whiteware ceramics frequently contains both amorphous and crystalline phases. Crystalline grains are often embedded within a non-crystalline intergranular phase of grain boundaries. When applied to whiteware ceramics, vitreous means the material has an extremely low permeability to liquids, often but not always water, when determined by a specified test regime. | What is commonly used to test? | {
"text": [
"water"
],
"answer_start": [
531
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d3d1f052b4ed1c9c16f5fcc2e1d5bd5d268eeab8 | Glass | Glass-ceramic materials share many properties with both non-crystalline glass and crystalline ceramics. They are formed as a glass, and then partially crystallized by heat treatment. For example, the microstructure of whiteware ceramics frequently contains both amorphous and crystalline phases. Crystalline grains are often embedded within a non-crystalline intergranular phase of grain boundaries. When applied to whiteware ceramics, vitreous means the material has an extremely low permeability to liquids, often but not always water, when determined by a specified test regime. | What might I find in both glass ceramics and non-crystalline glass? | {
"text": [
"many properties"
],
"answer_start": [
30
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
bb917bbf203b92e8d04616106b8629ebf5e314d0 | Exhibition_game | In the UK and Ireland, "exhibition match" and "friendly match" refer to two different types of matches. The types described above as friendlies are not termed exhibition matches, while annual all-star matches such as those held in the US Major League Soccer or Japan's Japanese League are called exhibition matches rather than friendly matches. A one-off match for charitable fundraising, usually involving one or two all-star teams, or a match held in honor of a player for contribution to his/her club, may also be described as exhibition matches but they are normally referred to as charity matches and testimonial matches respectively. | Which of the following countries does NOT have something called a friendly match: the UK, the US, or Ireland? | {
"text": [
"the US"
],
"answer_start": [
231
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ecab6e6d66ee4ba3047004fd50f63430d6886b44 | Exhibition_game | In the UK and Ireland, "exhibition match" and "friendly match" refer to two different types of matches. The types described above as friendlies are not termed exhibition matches, while annual all-star matches such as those held in the US Major League Soccer or Japan's Japanese League are called exhibition matches rather than friendly matches. A one-off match for charitable fundraising, usually involving one or two all-star teams, or a match held in honor of a player for contribution to his/her club, may also be described as exhibition matches but they are normally referred to as charity matches and testimonial matches respectively. | What do matches have to be a part of in order to be considered an exhibition match? | {
"text": [
"US Major League Soccer or Japan's Japanese League"
],
"answer_start": [
235
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
2f938c4ae979006aa2d818d90b5fc192a6f8a051 | Exhibition_game | In the UK and Ireland, "exhibition match" and "friendly match" refer to two different types of matches. The types described above as friendlies are not termed exhibition matches, while annual all-star matches such as those held in the US Major League Soccer or Japan's Japanese League are called exhibition matches rather than friendly matches. A one-off match for charitable fundraising, usually involving one or two all-star teams, or a match held in honor of a player for contribution to his/her club, may also be described as exhibition matches but they are normally referred to as charity matches and testimonial matches respectively. | What is a nickname for a casual, low key match? | {
"text": [
"friendlies"
],
"answer_start": [
133
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
97271c16c1dcd562fdc838ed037d8961bd35f6d3 | Exhibition_game | In the UK and Ireland, "exhibition match" and "friendly match" refer to two different types of matches. The types described above as friendlies are not termed exhibition matches, while annual all-star matches such as those held in the US Major League Soccer or Japan's Japanese League are called exhibition matches rather than friendly matches. A one-off match for charitable fundraising, usually involving one or two all-star teams, or a match held in honor of a player for contribution to his/her club, may also be described as exhibition matches but they are normally referred to as charity matches and testimonial matches respectively. | What type of match is the one between the top players of the Japanese league? | {
"text": [
"exhibition matches"
],
"answer_start": [
296
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6decfe9c5af49927e77526c3120fe9ddfe2702a4 | Exhibition_game | In the UK and Ireland, "exhibition match" and "friendly match" refer to two different types of matches. The types described above as friendlies are not termed exhibition matches, while annual all-star matches such as those held in the US Major League Soccer or Japan's Japanese League are called exhibition matches rather than friendly matches. A one-off match for charitable fundraising, usually involving one or two all-star teams, or a match held in honor of a player for contribution to his/her club, may also be described as exhibition matches but they are normally referred to as charity matches and testimonial matches respectively. | What type of UK match is least similar to a US all-star match? | {
"text": [
"friendly"
],
"answer_start": [
47
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5d37c2d2dc52464be4376fa571a75d85dee54da4 | Exhibition_game | In the UK and Ireland, "exhibition match" and "friendly match" refer to two different types of matches. The types described above as friendlies are not termed exhibition matches, while annual all-star matches such as those held in the US Major League Soccer or Japan's Japanese League are called exhibition matches rather than friendly matches. A one-off match for charitable fundraising, usually involving one or two all-star teams, or a match held in honor of a player for contribution to his/her club, may also be described as exhibition matches but they are normally referred to as charity matches and testimonial matches respectively. | What is the name of the soccer matches that have charitable purposes in UK and Ireland? | {
"text": [
"exhibition match"
],
"answer_start": [
24
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
d33224dc13629b19388c26afef855d574be0ff44 | Exhibition_game | In the UK and Ireland, "exhibition match" and "friendly match" refer to two different types of matches. The types described above as friendlies are not termed exhibition matches, while annual all-star matches such as those held in the US Major League Soccer or Japan's Japanese League are called exhibition matches rather than friendly matches. A one-off match for charitable fundraising, usually involving one or two all-star teams, or a match held in honor of a player for contribution to his/her club, may also be described as exhibition matches but they are normally referred to as charity matches and testimonial matches respectively. | What type of match is the one between the top players of the USA league? | {
"text": [
"exhibition matches"
],
"answer_start": [
296
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
33312df0ada8199de2ca1cb8bee78cfd4f0b1267 | Exhibition_game | In the UK and Ireland, "exhibition match" and "friendly match" refer to two different types of matches. The types described above as friendlies are not termed exhibition matches, while annual all-star matches such as those held in the US Major League Soccer or Japan's Japanese League are called exhibition matches rather than friendly matches. A one-off match for charitable fundraising, usually involving one or two all-star teams, or a match held in honor of a player for contribution to his/her club, may also be described as exhibition matches but they are normally referred to as charity matches and testimonial matches respectively. | Which type of soccer match is more low key and casual? | {
"text": [
"friendly match"
],
"answer_start": [
47
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
87f1d427de05cc5d820bff29a3b6907cd816c5d6 | Exhibition_game | In the UK and Ireland, "exhibition match" and "friendly match" refer to two different types of matches. The types described above as friendlies are not termed exhibition matches, while annual all-star matches such as those held in the US Major League Soccer or Japan's Japanese League are called exhibition matches rather than friendly matches. A one-off match for charitable fundraising, usually involving one or two all-star teams, or a match held in honor of a player for contribution to his/her club, may also be described as exhibition matches but they are normally referred to as charity matches and testimonial matches respectively. | What type of match is inspired by one person? | {
"text": [
"testimonial"
],
"answer_start": [
606
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e9084e0290d88c2e57511736d48046a5fccf85a9 | Exhibition_game | In the UK and Ireland, "exhibition match" and "friendly match" refer to two different types of matches. The types described above as friendlies are not termed exhibition matches, while annual all-star matches such as those held in the US Major League Soccer or Japan's Japanese League are called exhibition matches rather than friendly matches. A one-off match for charitable fundraising, usually involving one or two all-star teams, or a match held in honor of a player for contribution to his/her club, may also be described as exhibition matches but they are normally referred to as charity matches and testimonial matches respectively. | What type of match raises money for another organization? | {
"text": [
"charity matches"
],
"answer_start": [
586
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
994babbfa9af23d33b4d808822bb0a83a203f05c | Exhibition_game | In the UK and Ireland, "exhibition match" and "friendly match" refer to two different types of matches. The types described above as friendlies are not termed exhibition matches, while annual all-star matches such as those held in the US Major League Soccer or Japan's Japanese League are called exhibition matches rather than friendly matches. A one-off match for charitable fundraising, usually involving one or two all-star teams, or a match held in honor of a player for contribution to his/her club, may also be described as exhibition matches but they are normally referred to as charity matches and testimonial matches respectively. | What type of match honors a player for raising money for their own organization? | {
"text": [
"testimonial matches"
],
"answer_start": [
606
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e8b96a42033568b6d648b7811a06477bf07b2e4a | Exhibition_game | The Flying Fathers, a Canadian group of Catholic priests, regularly toured North America playing exhibition hockey games for charity. One of the organization's founders, Les Costello, was a onetime NHL player who was ordained as a priest after retiring from professional hockey. Another prominent exhibition hockey team is the Buffalo Sabres Alumni Hockey Team, which is composed almost entirely of retired NHL players, the majority of whom (as the name suggests) played at least a portion of their career for the Buffalo Sabres. | Where did the money go that was raised by The Flying Fathers? | {
"text": [
"charity"
],
"answer_start": [
125
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9f6ddf47cf340b6715c4d64a86e6dd5fa2b32bce | Exhibition_game | The Flying Fathers, a Canadian group of Catholic priests, regularly toured North America playing exhibition hockey games for charity. One of the organization's founders, Les Costello, was a onetime NHL player who was ordained as a priest after retiring from professional hockey. Another prominent exhibition hockey team is the Buffalo Sabres Alumni Hockey Team, which is composed almost entirely of retired NHL players, the majority of whom (as the name suggests) played at least a portion of their career for the Buffalo Sabres. | What type of hockey did Costello play first? | {
"text": [
"professional"
],
"answer_start": [
258
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6a14a1f3d2017019ad644d57dae581d6a412e83d | Exhibition_game | The Flying Fathers, a Canadian group of Catholic priests, regularly toured North America playing exhibition hockey games for charity. One of the organization's founders, Les Costello, was a onetime NHL player who was ordained as a priest after retiring from professional hockey. Another prominent exhibition hockey team is the Buffalo Sabres Alumni Hockey Team, which is composed almost entirely of retired NHL players, the majority of whom (as the name suggests) played at least a portion of their career for the Buffalo Sabres. | What type of players are in the NHL? | {
"text": [
"professional"
],
"answer_start": [
258
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
545552a2ce2f802f699d01383be4203b7ab8a081 | Exhibition_game | The Flying Fathers, a Canadian group of Catholic priests, regularly toured North America playing exhibition hockey games for charity. One of the organization's founders, Les Costello, was a onetime NHL player who was ordained as a priest after retiring from professional hockey. Another prominent exhibition hockey team is the Buffalo Sabres Alumni Hockey Team, which is composed almost entirely of retired NHL players, the majority of whom (as the name suggests) played at least a portion of their career for the Buffalo Sabres. | What was Les Costellos occupation prior to organizing The Flying Fathers? | {
"text": [
"professional hockey"
],
"answer_start": [
258
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5fd5795a41b41b98c753cb1a3177e7c042a48ad4 | Exhibition_game | The Flying Fathers, a Canadian group of Catholic priests, regularly toured North America playing exhibition hockey games for charity. One of the organization's founders, Les Costello, was a onetime NHL player who was ordained as a priest after retiring from professional hockey. Another prominent exhibition hockey team is the Buffalo Sabres Alumni Hockey Team, which is composed almost entirely of retired NHL players, the majority of whom (as the name suggests) played at least a portion of their career for the Buffalo Sabres. | Which is not a hockey team: Les Costello, Flying Fathers, or Buffalo Sabres? | {
"text": [
"Les Costello"
],
"answer_start": [
170
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
fe014ebb092960817422b5a8ba4cae9fa4d8a88b | Exhibition_game | The Flying Fathers, a Canadian group of Catholic priests, regularly toured North America playing exhibition hockey games for charity. One of the organization's founders, Les Costello, was a onetime NHL player who was ordained as a priest after retiring from professional hockey. Another prominent exhibition hockey team is the Buffalo Sabres Alumni Hockey Team, which is composed almost entirely of retired NHL players, the majority of whom (as the name suggests) played at least a portion of their career for the Buffalo Sabres. | What was Costello's position in the NHL? | {
"text": [
"player"
],
"answer_start": [
202
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
029ae87966068fedef8803604f1fc5fede68c097 | Exhibition_game | The Flying Fathers, a Canadian group of Catholic priests, regularly toured North America playing exhibition hockey games for charity. One of the organization's founders, Les Costello, was a onetime NHL player who was ordained as a priest after retiring from professional hockey. Another prominent exhibition hockey team is the Buffalo Sabres Alumni Hockey Team, which is composed almost entirely of retired NHL players, the majority of whom (as the name suggests) played at least a portion of their career for the Buffalo Sabres. | If you've retired from the NHL, what are you considered in the NHL? | {
"text": [
"Alumni"
],
"answer_start": [
342
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6939be3b64adb67ef9235ef2f2a38a3150f9399f | Exhibition_game | The Flying Fathers, a Canadian group of Catholic priests, regularly toured North America playing exhibition hockey games for charity. One of the organization's founders, Les Costello, was a onetime NHL player who was ordained as a priest after retiring from professional hockey. Another prominent exhibition hockey team is the Buffalo Sabres Alumni Hockey Team, which is composed almost entirely of retired NHL players, the majority of whom (as the name suggests) played at least a portion of their career for the Buffalo Sabres. | If one used to play professional hockey for the Buffalo Sables, and still wanted to play after retirement, who could they skate with? | {
"text": [
"the Buffalo Sabres Alumni Hockey Team"
],
"answer_start": [
323
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
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