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4d5193b7e7be8f022edff0091e92e52de6963ef6 | Samurai | Historian H. Paul Varley notes the description of Japan given by Jesuit leader St. Francis Xavier (1506–1552): "There is no nation in the world which fears death less." Xavier further describes the honour and manners of the people: "I fancy that there are no people in the world more punctilious about their honour than the Japanese, for they will not put up with a single insult or even a word spoken in anger." Xavier spent the years 1549–1551 converting Japanese to Christianity. He also observed: "The Japanese are much braver and more warlike than the people of China, Korea, Ternate and all of the other nations around the Philippines." | What did H. Paul Varley do? | {
"text": [
"Historian"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
16073aa63cf266f5a9f8171dd7f040e73afc3215 | Samurai | Historian H. Paul Varley notes the description of Japan given by Jesuit leader St. Francis Xavier (1506–1552): "There is no nation in the world which fears death less." Xavier further describes the honour and manners of the people: "I fancy that there are no people in the world more punctilious about their honour than the Japanese, for they will not put up with a single insult or even a word spoken in anger." Xavier spent the years 1549–1551 converting Japanese to Christianity. He also observed: "The Japanese are much braver and more warlike than the people of China, Korea, Ternate and all of the other nations around the Philippines." | Who was part of the society of Jesus? | {
"text": [
"St. Francis Xavier"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ae9561a6651f4fab1f9b11534224e01033d8d12f | Samurai | Historian H. Paul Varley notes the description of Japan given by Jesuit leader St. Francis Xavier (1506–1552): "There is no nation in the world which fears death less." Xavier further describes the honour and manners of the people: "I fancy that there are no people in the world more punctilious about their honour than the Japanese, for they will not put up with a single insult or even a word spoken in anger." Xavier spent the years 1549–1551 converting Japanese to Christianity. He also observed: "The Japanese are much braver and more warlike than the people of China, Korea, Ternate and all of the other nations around the Philippines." | What did Varley do to make money? | {
"text": [
"Historian"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
50dfcaafbedd25fa0c7f666c87c2c9d777305872 | Samurai | Historian H. Paul Varley notes the description of Japan given by Jesuit leader St. Francis Xavier (1506–1552): "There is no nation in the world which fears death less." Xavier further describes the honour and manners of the people: "I fancy that there are no people in the world more punctilious about their honour than the Japanese, for they will not put up with a single insult or even a word spoken in anger." Xavier spent the years 1549–1551 converting Japanese to Christianity. He also observed: "The Japanese are much braver and more warlike than the people of China, Korea, Ternate and all of the other nations around the Philippines." | When did Xavier first spread Christianity to Japan? | {
"text": [
"1549"
],
"answer_start": [
436
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c7a529957e31d3ab9e8d70ad2e7d474534274476 | Samurai | Historian H. Paul Varley notes the description of Japan given by Jesuit leader St. Francis Xavier (1506–1552): "There is no nation in the world which fears death less." Xavier further describes the honour and manners of the people: "I fancy that there are no people in the world more punctilious about their honour than the Japanese, for they will not put up with a single insult or even a word spoken in anger." Xavier spent the years 1549–1551 converting Japanese to Christianity. He also observed: "The Japanese are much braver and more warlike than the people of China, Korea, Ternate and all of the other nations around the Philippines." | Who noted the observation that the Japanese were more warlike than the people of China? | {
"text": [
"H. Paul Varley"
],
"answer_start": [
10
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
8fccbfe2ec63f746c6377e72b7b8723047ab6d72 | Samurai | The philosophies of Buddhism and Zen, and to a lesser extent Confucianism and Shinto, influenced the samurai culture. Zen meditation became an important teaching due to it offering a process to calm one's mind. The Buddhist concept of reincarnation and rebirth led samurai to abandon torture and needless killing, while some samurai even gave up violence altogether and became Buddhist monks after realizing how fruitless their killings were. Some were killed as they came to terms with these realizations in the battlefield. The most defining role that Confucianism played in samurai philosophy was to stress the importance of the lord-retainer relationship—the loyalty that a samurai was required to show his lord. | Samurai follow what which focuses on interpersonal interactions? | {
"text": [
"Confucianism"
],
"answer_start": [
61
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
690739ecd4bc6366daf3b2bb19f0a413462e941a | Samurai | The philosophies of Buddhism and Zen, and to a lesser extent Confucianism and Shinto, influenced the samurai culture. Zen meditation became an important teaching due to it offering a process to calm one's mind. The Buddhist concept of reincarnation and rebirth led samurai to abandon torture and needless killing, while some samurai even gave up violence altogether and became Buddhist monks after realizing how fruitless their killings were. Some were killed as they came to terms with these realizations in the battlefield. The most defining role that Confucianism played in samurai philosophy was to stress the importance of the lord-retainer relationship—the loyalty that a samurai was required to show his lord. | Some of these people became still in battle and were killed, who are they? | {
"text": [
"samurai"
],
"answer_start": [
101
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
daa2e38447117371849f4f4aef42737ad7521951 | Samurai | The philosophies of Buddhism and Zen, and to a lesser extent Confucianism and Shinto, influenced the samurai culture. Zen meditation became an important teaching due to it offering a process to calm one's mind. The Buddhist concept of reincarnation and rebirth led samurai to abandon torture and needless killing, while some samurai even gave up violence altogether and became Buddhist monks after realizing how fruitless their killings were. Some were killed as they came to terms with these realizations in the battlefield. The most defining role that Confucianism played in samurai philosophy was to stress the importance of the lord-retainer relationship—the loyalty that a samurai was required to show his lord. | What left a great mark on the lives of the samurai? | {
"text": [
"philosophies of Buddhism and Zen"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c4b5f4a11fb150d39c8b0b0cf9b0919991ac0442 | Samurai | The philosophies of Buddhism and Zen, and to a lesser extent Confucianism and Shinto, influenced the samurai culture. Zen meditation became an important teaching due to it offering a process to calm one's mind. The Buddhist concept of reincarnation and rebirth led samurai to abandon torture and needless killing, while some samurai even gave up violence altogether and became Buddhist monks after realizing how fruitless their killings were. Some were killed as they came to terms with these realizations in the battlefield. The most defining role that Confucianism played in samurai philosophy was to stress the importance of the lord-retainer relationship—the loyalty that a samurai was required to show his lord. | Who were those who responded to a lord? | {
"text": [
"samurai"
],
"answer_start": [
678
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9be6b325bcd8022cd8dc91edf37054fffa6e02ea | Samurai | The philosophies of Buddhism and Zen, and to a lesser extent Confucianism and Shinto, influenced the samurai culture. Zen meditation became an important teaching due to it offering a process to calm one's mind. The Buddhist concept of reincarnation and rebirth led samurai to abandon torture and needless killing, while some samurai even gave up violence altogether and became Buddhist monks after realizing how fruitless their killings were. Some were killed as they came to terms with these realizations in the battlefield. The most defining role that Confucianism played in samurai philosophy was to stress the importance of the lord-retainer relationship—the loyalty that a samurai was required to show his lord. | Out of Buddhism and Confucianism, which one influenced the samurai culture more? | {
"text": [
"Buddhism"
],
"answer_start": [
20
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
eca37bfdee4591a37bdc351f4e62ee6eae26b668 | Samurai | The philosophies of Buddhism and Zen, and to a lesser extent Confucianism and Shinto, influenced the samurai culture. Zen meditation became an important teaching due to it offering a process to calm one's mind. The Buddhist concept of reincarnation and rebirth led samurai to abandon torture and needless killing, while some samurai even gave up violence altogether and became Buddhist monks after realizing how fruitless their killings were. Some were killed as they came to terms with these realizations in the battlefield. The most defining role that Confucianism played in samurai philosophy was to stress the importance of the lord-retainer relationship—the loyalty that a samurai was required to show his lord. | What were important factors in the lives of the samurai? | {
"text": [
"philosophies of Buddhism and Zen"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
a04fd385e43fae5fe4c4d643208487cdfa719cb2 | Samurai | The philosophies of Buddhism and Zen, and to a lesser extent Confucianism and Shinto, influenced the samurai culture. Zen meditation became an important teaching due to it offering a process to calm one's mind. The Buddhist concept of reincarnation and rebirth led samurai to abandon torture and needless killing, while some samurai even gave up violence altogether and became Buddhist monks after realizing how fruitless their killings were. Some were killed as they came to terms with these realizations in the battlefield. The most defining role that Confucianism played in samurai philosophy was to stress the importance of the lord-retainer relationship—the loyalty that a samurai was required to show his lord. | Out of Zen and Shinto, which of these two influenced the samurai culture more? | {
"text": [
"Zen"
],
"answer_start": [
33
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e019ab6f17120423b0a4078b822fad26f397c29a | Samurai | The philosophies of Buddhism and Zen, and to a lesser extent Confucianism and Shinto, influenced the samurai culture. Zen meditation became an important teaching due to it offering a process to calm one's mind. The Buddhist concept of reincarnation and rebirth led samurai to abandon torture and needless killing, while some samurai even gave up violence altogether and became Buddhist monks after realizing how fruitless their killings were. Some were killed as they came to terms with these realizations in the battlefield. The most defining role that Confucianism played in samurai philosophy was to stress the importance of the lord-retainer relationship—the loyalty that a samurai was required to show his lord. | What name can we apply to all the theories in the text? | {
"text": [
"philosophies"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9c0ad438fd27895c44ffcf4de904a29cbcff85d1 | Samurai | The philosophies of Buddhism and Zen, and to a lesser extent Confucianism and Shinto, influenced the samurai culture. Zen meditation became an important teaching due to it offering a process to calm one's mind. The Buddhist concept of reincarnation and rebirth led samurai to abandon torture and needless killing, while some samurai even gave up violence altogether and became Buddhist monks after realizing how fruitless their killings were. Some were killed as they came to terms with these realizations in the battlefield. The most defining role that Confucianism played in samurai philosophy was to stress the importance of the lord-retainer relationship—the loyalty that a samurai was required to show his lord. | What left great legacies on the lives of the samurai? | {
"text": [
"philosophies of Buddhism and Zen"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
cbe0704fbacdbd0b8888552875dce1807d3d95ca | Samurai | The philosophies of Buddhism and Zen, and to a lesser extent Confucianism and Shinto, influenced the samurai culture. Zen meditation became an important teaching due to it offering a process to calm one's mind. The Buddhist concept of reincarnation and rebirth led samurai to abandon torture and needless killing, while some samurai even gave up violence altogether and became Buddhist monks after realizing how fruitless their killings were. Some were killed as they came to terms with these realizations in the battlefield. The most defining role that Confucianism played in samurai philosophy was to stress the importance of the lord-retainer relationship—the loyalty that a samurai was required to show his lord. | Which is the only philosophy that influence the samurai culture, but this influence is not explained by the text? | {
"text": [
"Shinto"
],
"answer_start": [
78
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
759fd4e43afba7407b72320249af24b6aa93a0e1 | Samurai | The philosophies of Buddhism and Zen, and to a lesser extent Confucianism and Shinto, influenced the samurai culture. Zen meditation became an important teaching due to it offering a process to calm one's mind. The Buddhist concept of reincarnation and rebirth led samurai to abandon torture and needless killing, while some samurai even gave up violence altogether and became Buddhist monks after realizing how fruitless their killings were. Some were killed as they came to terms with these realizations in the battlefield. The most defining role that Confucianism played in samurai philosophy was to stress the importance of the lord-retainer relationship—the loyalty that a samurai was required to show his lord. | A samurai is a what to a lord? | {
"text": [
"retainer"
],
"answer_start": [
637
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
fe8f7751b9bdf847fd84edec3cdc31ce84d5d970 | Samurai | The philosophies of Buddhism and Zen, and to a lesser extent Confucianism and Shinto, influenced the samurai culture. Zen meditation became an important teaching due to it offering a process to calm one's mind. The Buddhist concept of reincarnation and rebirth led samurai to abandon torture and needless killing, while some samurai even gave up violence altogether and became Buddhist monks after realizing how fruitless their killings were. Some were killed as they came to terms with these realizations in the battlefield. The most defining role that Confucianism played in samurai philosophy was to stress the importance of the lord-retainer relationship—the loyalty that a samurai was required to show his lord. | Samurai don't engage in too much violence because of? | {
"text": [
"Buddhism"
],
"answer_start": [
20
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
12c964f4bca1cc899aadb986060135eb7bfb40f5 | Samurai | As the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical attractiveness. Though many of the texts written for women during the Tokugawa period only pertained to how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager, there were those that undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics. Nearly all women of the samurai class were literate by the end of the Tokugawa period. | What changed during this period? | {
"text": [
"the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ae81a7782ebb92da3519c1b873d9b34210560341 | Samurai | As the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical attractiveness. Though many of the texts written for women during the Tokugawa period only pertained to how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager, there were those that undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics. Nearly all women of the samurai class were literate by the end of the Tokugawa period. | What happened in the future? | {
"text": [
"Nearly all women of the samurai class were literate by the end of the Tokugawa period"
],
"answer_start": [
592
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
a570d45d6dca785de8d8aa269227ef3419819aec | Samurai | As the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical attractiveness. Though many of the texts written for women during the Tokugawa period only pertained to how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager, there were those that undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics. Nearly all women of the samurai class were literate by the end of the Tokugawa period. | How was this shown in teaching? | {
"text": [
"many of the texts written for women during the Tokugawa period only pertained to how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager"
],
"answer_start": [
324
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
53e052ec3566328d0ed438dd70974d08a520abf1 | Samurai | As the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical attractiveness. Though many of the texts written for women during the Tokugawa period only pertained to how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager, there were those that undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics. Nearly all women of the samurai class were literate by the end of the Tokugawa period. | How did this encourage women? | {
"text": [
"there were those that undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics"
],
"answer_start": [
471
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
be53f3f1040755a16752037655119f582c8239d3 | Samurai | As the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical attractiveness. Though many of the texts written for women during the Tokugawa period only pertained to how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager, there were those that undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics. Nearly all women of the samurai class were literate by the end of the Tokugawa period. | How did some women defy tradition? | {
"text": [
"undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics"
],
"answer_start": [
493
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3a18335fa1e3e7d5c75160d70b0c1b60cef82d6b | Samurai | As the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical attractiveness. Though many of the texts written for women during the Tokugawa period only pertained to how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager, there were those that undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics. Nearly all women of the samurai class were literate by the end of the Tokugawa period. | How did this effect women? | {
"text": [
"Though many of the texts written for women during the Tokugawa period only pertained to how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager, there were those that undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics"
],
"answer_start": [
317
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ebea0ec4c5bb68e5ca6d89d0b95b9e10f3cf0b93 | Samurai | As the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical attractiveness. Though many of the texts written for women during the Tokugawa period only pertained to how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager, there were those that undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics. Nearly all women of the samurai class were literate by the end of the Tokugawa period. | How did this affect society? | {
"text": [
"Nearly all women of the samurai class were literate by the end of the Tokugawa period"
],
"answer_start": [
592
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9af1e89d183945103715e377e7ea9c967e9da638 | Samurai | As the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical attractiveness. Though many of the texts written for women during the Tokugawa period only pertained to how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager, there were those that undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics. Nearly all women of the samurai class were literate by the end of the Tokugawa period. | What is true of the Tokugawa period and women? | {
"text": [
"As the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
8f2292a09d6129ba4010636ccf663cba6f4bb64b | Samurai | As the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical attractiveness. Though many of the texts written for women during the Tokugawa period only pertained to how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager, there were those that undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics. Nearly all women of the samurai class were literate by the end of the Tokugawa period. | what values were being added to consideration of a life long commitment? | {
"text": [
"intelligence and education"
],
"answer_start": [
213
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5a1c41e9d65a7b6380d4c319158b63961db7b431 | Samurai | As the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical attractiveness. Though many of the texts written for women during the Tokugawa period only pertained to how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager, there were those that undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics. Nearly all women of the samurai class were literate by the end of the Tokugawa period. | How was education taken a step further? | {
"text": [
"there were those that undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics"
],
"answer_start": [
471
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ef44708e5daa692d453cbea4ef68f332ae7deae9 | Samurai | As the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical attractiveness. Though many of the texts written for women during the Tokugawa period only pertained to how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager, there were those that undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics. Nearly all women of the samurai class were literate by the end of the Tokugawa period. | How did this affect the rich? | {
"text": [
"Nearly all women of the samurai class were literate by the end of the Tokugawa period"
],
"answer_start": [
592
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
dc9ff001207515a509e187ee9d6e75641c3104e3 | Samurai | As the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical attractiveness. Though many of the texts written for women during the Tokugawa period only pertained to how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager, there were those that undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics. Nearly all women of the samurai class were literate by the end of the Tokugawa period. | What is an archaic view that held women back? | {
"text": [
"how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager"
],
"answer_start": [
405
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1678cc6809d715ab505cb9eff7ebba0aedc8057a | Samurai | As the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical attractiveness. Though many of the texts written for women during the Tokugawa period only pertained to how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager, there were those that undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics. Nearly all women of the samurai class were literate by the end of the Tokugawa period. | what were the women by the end of the story? | {
"text": [
"literate"
],
"answer_start": [
635
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
db5bdce0bd707b148358f5946772eadaae04e130 | Samurai | As the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical attractiveness. Though many of the texts written for women during the Tokugawa period only pertained to how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager, there were those that undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics. Nearly all women of the samurai class were literate by the end of the Tokugawa period. | which half of the entire population are mentioned last? | {
"text": [
"women"
],
"answer_start": [
603
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9fd31f58c9da63cac2b6ca96be4a6552bbc316e4 | Samurai | As the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical attractiveness. Though many of the texts written for women during the Tokugawa period only pertained to how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager, there were those that undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics. Nearly all women of the samurai class were literate by the end of the Tokugawa period. | what is the last era mentioned? | {
"text": [
"Tokugawa period"
],
"answer_start": [
662
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f842d9778b00a3b880d1d1e1cecb53e63e7c36ac | Samurai | As the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical attractiveness. Though many of the texts written for women during the Tokugawa period only pertained to how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager, there were those that undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics. Nearly all women of the samurai class were literate by the end of the Tokugawa period. | How did this impact society? | {
"text": [
"Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical attractiveness"
],
"answer_start": [
180
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
0c7a9bb2b370613577b5ea662a8fefde3ae61699 | Samurai | As the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical attractiveness. Though many of the texts written for women during the Tokugawa period only pertained to how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager, there were those that undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics. Nearly all women of the samurai class were literate by the end of the Tokugawa period. | what is the last group mentioned? | {
"text": [
"samurai class"
],
"answer_start": [
616
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
8a0df5fa1bad9c974020ff67227dbabb420dc8d6 | Samurai | As the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical attractiveness. Though many of the texts written for women during the Tokugawa period only pertained to how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager, there were those that undertook the challenge of learning to read, and also tackled philosophical and literary classics. Nearly all women of the samurai class were literate by the end of the Tokugawa period. | What affect did this have on couples? | {
"text": [
"Though many of the texts written for women during the Tokugawa period only pertained to how a woman could become a successful wife and household manager"
],
"answer_start": [
317
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b566f6e185633e9015bd86f65d46105ac3f041b8 | Samurai | Created by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “embodies the trend... comparing hip-hop artists to samurai warriors, an image some rappers claim for themselves (Solomon, 2009). The storyline keeps in tone with the perception of a samurais finding vengeance against someone who has wronged him. Starring the voice of well known American actor Samuel L. Jackson, “Afro is the second-strongest fighter in a futuristic, yet, still feudal Japan and seeks revenge upon the gunman who killed his father” (King 2008). Due to its popularity, Afro Samurai was adopted into a full feature animated film and also became titles on gaming consoles such as the PlayStation 3 and Xbox. Not only has the samurai culture been adopted into animation and video games, it can also be seen in comic books. | Who was the performer behind the animated character first created by Okazaki? | {
"text": [
"Samuel L. Jackson"
],
"answer_start": [
598
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c96dc2130dfa7c14b2d5ed12213ad86b144bad25 | Samurai | Created by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “embodies the trend... comparing hip-hop artists to samurai warriors, an image some rappers claim for themselves (Solomon, 2009). The storyline keeps in tone with the perception of a samurais finding vengeance against someone who has wronged him. Starring the voice of well known American actor Samuel L. Jackson, “Afro is the second-strongest fighter in a futuristic, yet, still feudal Japan and seeks revenge upon the gunman who killed his father” (King 2008). Due to its popularity, Afro Samurai was adopted into a full feature animated film and also became titles on gaming consoles such as the PlayStation 3 and Xbox. Not only has the samurai culture been adopted into animation and video games, it can also be seen in comic books. | What group of people who produce drawn media adapted a popular comic series from the Land of the Rising Sun that blends an element of Black American culture with traditional warrior elements from the Landf of the Rising Sun? | {
"text": [
"Studio Gonzo"
],
"answer_start": [
132
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5a703ddc70e226b75407c4618a4fc51e2ff8cf1d | Samurai | Created by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “embodies the trend... comparing hip-hop artists to samurai warriors, an image some rappers claim for themselves (Solomon, 2009). The storyline keeps in tone with the perception of a samurais finding vengeance against someone who has wronged him. Starring the voice of well known American actor Samuel L. Jackson, “Afro is the second-strongest fighter in a futuristic, yet, still feudal Japan and seeks revenge upon the gunman who killed his father” (King 2008). Due to its popularity, Afro Samurai was adopted into a full feature animated film and also became titles on gaming consoles such as the PlayStation 3 and Xbox. Not only has the samurai culture been adopted into animation and video games, it can also be seen in comic books. | What was Afro Samurai featured in first, an animated series or an animated film? | {
"text": [
"animated series"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3e1c73175926350fc5f886f814841c2c7b5685a6 | Samurai | Created by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “embodies the trend... comparing hip-hop artists to samurai warriors, an image some rappers claim for themselves (Solomon, 2009). The storyline keeps in tone with the perception of a samurais finding vengeance against someone who has wronged him. Starring the voice of well known American actor Samuel L. Jackson, “Afro is the second-strongest fighter in a futuristic, yet, still feudal Japan and seeks revenge upon the gunman who killed his father” (King 2008). Due to its popularity, Afro Samurai was adopted into a full feature animated film and also became titles on gaming consoles such as the PlayStation 3 and Xbox. Not only has the samurai culture been adopted into animation and video games, it can also be seen in comic books. | What kind of people in the land formerly known as the New World embraced the phenomenon of combining elements of Black America culture with warrior culture from the Land of the Rising Sun? | {
"text": [
"some rappers"
],
"answer_start": [
382
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4310cb139b2af040f1755f77183995e40c8b5ba4 | Samurai | Created by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “embodies the trend... comparing hip-hop artists to samurai warriors, an image some rappers claim for themselves (Solomon, 2009). The storyline keeps in tone with the perception of a samurais finding vengeance against someone who has wronged him. Starring the voice of well known American actor Samuel L. Jackson, “Afro is the second-strongest fighter in a futuristic, yet, still feudal Japan and seeks revenge upon the gunman who killed his father” (King 2008). Due to its popularity, Afro Samurai was adopted into a full feature animated film and also became titles on gaming consoles such as the PlayStation 3 and Xbox. Not only has the samurai culture been adopted into animation and video games, it can also be seen in comic books. | Who was Afro samurai animated for? | {
"text": [
"American viewers"
],
"answer_start": [
280
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
cebc83feff4bc083595f6d5d4b3194de7e2f8594 | Samurai | Created by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “embodies the trend... comparing hip-hop artists to samurai warriors, an image some rappers claim for themselves (Solomon, 2009). The storyline keeps in tone with the perception of a samurais finding vengeance against someone who has wronged him. Starring the voice of well known American actor Samuel L. Jackson, “Afro is the second-strongest fighter in a futuristic, yet, still feudal Japan and seeks revenge upon the gunman who killed his father” (King 2008). Due to its popularity, Afro Samurai was adopted into a full feature animated film and also became titles on gaming consoles such as the PlayStation 3 and Xbox. Not only has the samurai culture been adopted into animation and video games, it can also be seen in comic books. | What happened because Afro Samurai became popular other then becoming a movie? | {
"text": [
"the samurai culture been adopted into animation and video games, it can also be seen in comic books"
],
"answer_start": [
939
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
4f2a59d8937dff9406505a4ad558878c91b7fdab | Samurai | Created by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “embodies the trend... comparing hip-hop artists to samurai warriors, an image some rappers claim for themselves (Solomon, 2009). The storyline keeps in tone with the perception of a samurais finding vengeance against someone who has wronged him. Starring the voice of well known American actor Samuel L. Jackson, “Afro is the second-strongest fighter in a futuristic, yet, still feudal Japan and seeks revenge upon the gunman who killed his father” (King 2008). Due to its popularity, Afro Samurai was adopted into a full feature animated film and also became titles on gaming consoles such as the PlayStation 3 and Xbox. Not only has the samurai culture been adopted into animation and video games, it can also be seen in comic books. | What archetypal thread that is part of the stereotype of the warrior from the Land of the Rising Sun is one the main themes of the cartoon adaptation of the comic from the Land of the Rising Sun that blended elements of Black American culture with warrior culture from the Land of the Rising Sun? | {
"text": [
"a samurais finding vengeance against someone who has wronged him"
],
"answer_start": [
484
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
bb605138902d5636bed38f5f2651bcea83f922e3 | Samurai | Created by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “embodies the trend... comparing hip-hop artists to samurai warriors, an image some rappers claim for themselves (Solomon, 2009). The storyline keeps in tone with the perception of a samurais finding vengeance against someone who has wronged him. Starring the voice of well known American actor Samuel L. Jackson, “Afro is the second-strongest fighter in a futuristic, yet, still feudal Japan and seeks revenge upon the gunman who killed his father” (King 2008). Due to its popularity, Afro Samurai was adopted into a full feature animated film and also became titles on gaming consoles such as the PlayStation 3 and Xbox. Not only has the samurai culture been adopted into animation and video games, it can also be seen in comic books. | Who's murder was the character originally developed by Okazaki trying to avenge? | {
"text": [
"his father"
],
"answer_start": [
741
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9d46fc26561dfc618270e40f01bd7488c4372d0f | Samurai | Created by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “embodies the trend... comparing hip-hop artists to samurai warriors, an image some rappers claim for themselves (Solomon, 2009). The storyline keeps in tone with the perception of a samurais finding vengeance against someone who has wronged him. Starring the voice of well known American actor Samuel L. Jackson, “Afro is the second-strongest fighter in a futuristic, yet, still feudal Japan and seeks revenge upon the gunman who killed his father” (King 2008). Due to its popularity, Afro Samurai was adopted into a full feature animated film and also became titles on gaming consoles such as the PlayStation 3 and Xbox. Not only has the samurai culture been adopted into animation and video games, it can also be seen in comic books. | Who from the cartoon adaptation of the comic from the Land of the Rising Sun that blended elements of Black American culture with warrior culture from the Land of the Rising Sun was vocally portrayed by one of the stars of Pulp Fiction? | {
"text": [
"Afro"
],
"answer_start": [
618
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6faa0da887635a8702f1e85d1126cf9b944d803e | Samurai | Created by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “embodies the trend... comparing hip-hop artists to samurai warriors, an image some rappers claim for themselves (Solomon, 2009). The storyline keeps in tone with the perception of a samurais finding vengeance against someone who has wronged him. Starring the voice of well known American actor Samuel L. Jackson, “Afro is the second-strongest fighter in a futuristic, yet, still feudal Japan and seeks revenge upon the gunman who killed his father” (King 2008). Due to its popularity, Afro Samurai was adopted into a full feature animated film and also became titles on gaming consoles such as the PlayStation 3 and Xbox. Not only has the samurai culture been adopted into animation and video games, it can also be seen in comic books. | What systems could you be Afro Samurai? | {
"text": [
"PlayStation 3 and Xbox"
],
"answer_start": [
902
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6a56920e88633c42123a15577a5972ca5acda38b | Samurai | Created by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “embodies the trend... comparing hip-hop artists to samurai warriors, an image some rappers claim for themselves (Solomon, 2009). The storyline keeps in tone with the perception of a samurais finding vengeance against someone who has wronged him. Starring the voice of well known American actor Samuel L. Jackson, “Afro is the second-strongest fighter in a futuristic, yet, still feudal Japan and seeks revenge upon the gunman who killed his father” (King 2008). Due to its popularity, Afro Samurai was adopted into a full feature animated film and also became titles on gaming consoles such as the PlayStation 3 and Xbox. Not only has the samurai culture been adopted into animation and video games, it can also be seen in comic books. | What was Takashi's manga series before it was animated? | {
"text": [
"a doujinshi"
],
"answer_start": [
55
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
2af9dd1349691ca1b8f764e3efdfb58d3fb0c7a1 | Samurai | Created by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “embodies the trend... comparing hip-hop artists to samurai warriors, an image some rappers claim for themselves (Solomon, 2009). The storyline keeps in tone with the perception of a samurais finding vengeance against someone who has wronged him. Starring the voice of well known American actor Samuel L. Jackson, “Afro is the second-strongest fighter in a futuristic, yet, still feudal Japan and seeks revenge upon the gunman who killed his father” (King 2008). Due to its popularity, Afro Samurai was adopted into a full feature animated film and also became titles on gaming consoles such as the PlayStation 3 and Xbox. Not only has the samurai culture been adopted into animation and video games, it can also be seen in comic books. | On what venue in the land formerly known as the New World was the cartoon adaptation of the comic from the Land of the Rising Sun that blended elements of Black American culture with warrior culture from the Land of the Rising Sun first aired? | {
"text": [
"Spike TV"
],
"answer_start": [
218
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
3768b97cda8dd29f17ae0bc6cbac61fb32f65a64 | Samurai | Created by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “embodies the trend... comparing hip-hop artists to samurai warriors, an image some rappers claim for themselves (Solomon, 2009). The storyline keeps in tone with the perception of a samurais finding vengeance against someone who has wronged him. Starring the voice of well known American actor Samuel L. Jackson, “Afro is the second-strongest fighter in a futuristic, yet, still feudal Japan and seeks revenge upon the gunman who killed his father” (King 2008). Due to its popularity, Afro Samurai was adopted into a full feature animated film and also became titles on gaming consoles such as the PlayStation 3 and Xbox. Not only has the samurai culture been adopted into animation and video games, it can also be seen in comic books. | What fighting style did Afro have? | {
"text": [
"Samurai"
],
"answer_start": [
794
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
61a5f1ad291d23c9e800442aee8e6837ef64e618 | Samurai | Created by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “embodies the trend... comparing hip-hop artists to samurai warriors, an image some rappers claim for themselves (Solomon, 2009). The storyline keeps in tone with the perception of a samurais finding vengeance against someone who has wronged him. Starring the voice of well known American actor Samuel L. Jackson, “Afro is the second-strongest fighter in a futuristic, yet, still feudal Japan and seeks revenge upon the gunman who killed his father” (King 2008). Due to its popularity, Afro Samurai was adopted into a full feature animated film and also became titles on gaming consoles such as the PlayStation 3 and Xbox. Not only has the samurai culture been adopted into animation and video games, it can also be seen in comic books. | In addition to TV and film, where else has the character created by Okazaki appeared? | {
"text": [
"gaming consoles"
],
"answer_start": [
874
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
fc68e7812e6ce745fb63352823752f9e01fb176c | Samurai | Created by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “embodies the trend... comparing hip-hop artists to samurai warriors, an image some rappers claim for themselves (Solomon, 2009). The storyline keeps in tone with the perception of a samurais finding vengeance against someone who has wronged him. Starring the voice of well known American actor Samuel L. Jackson, “Afro is the second-strongest fighter in a futuristic, yet, still feudal Japan and seeks revenge upon the gunman who killed his father” (King 2008). Due to its popularity, Afro Samurai was adopted into a full feature animated film and also became titles on gaming consoles such as the PlayStation 3 and Xbox. Not only has the samurai culture been adopted into animation and video games, it can also be seen in comic books. | Who originally had the idea for the manga series that premiered on Spike TV in 2007? | {
"text": [
"Takashi Okazaki"
],
"answer_start": [
11
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
619d9a3c992a957921255ff4fd8aa9499df75d66 | Samurai | Maintaining the household was the main duty of samurai women. This was especially crucial during early feudal Japan, when warrior husbands were often traveling abroad or engaged in clan battles. The wife, or okugatasama (meaning: one who remains in the home), was left to manage all household affairs, care for the children, and perhaps even defend the home forcibly. For this reason, many women of the samurai class were trained in wielding a polearm called a naginata or a special knife called the kaiken in an art called tantojutsu (lit. the skill of the knife), which they could use to protect their household, family, and honor if the need arose. | How did the samurai wife learn how to wield a weapon? | {
"text": [
"trained"
],
"answer_start": [
422
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6bdd7ce8aea9931165d430396a99a5b59777e81d | Samurai | Maintaining the household was the main duty of samurai women. This was especially crucial during early feudal Japan, when warrior husbands were often traveling abroad or engaged in clan battles. The wife, or okugatasama (meaning: one who remains in the home), was left to manage all household affairs, care for the children, and perhaps even defend the home forcibly. For this reason, many women of the samurai class were trained in wielding a polearm called a naginata or a special knife called the kaiken in an art called tantojutsu (lit. the skill of the knife), which they could use to protect their household, family, and honor if the need arose. | What is a synonym for household? | {
"text": [
"home"
],
"answer_start": [
253
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6e486f47ccda11f7e49ae1e50c9dcb9d25968a67 | Samurai | Maintaining the household was the main duty of samurai women. This was especially crucial during early feudal Japan, when warrior husbands were often traveling abroad or engaged in clan battles. The wife, or okugatasama (meaning: one who remains in the home), was left to manage all household affairs, care for the children, and perhaps even defend the home forcibly. For this reason, many women of the samurai class were trained in wielding a polearm called a naginata or a special knife called the kaiken in an art called tantojutsu (lit. the skill of the knife), which they could use to protect their household, family, and honor if the need arose. | What were warriors called in Japan? | {
"text": [
"samurai"
],
"answer_start": [
47
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
df95cb6c89342d42533bbe1d4a9f8a1371a9ceb2 | Samurai | Maintaining the household was the main duty of samurai women. This was especially crucial during early feudal Japan, when warrior husbands were often traveling abroad or engaged in clan battles. The wife, or okugatasama (meaning: one who remains in the home), was left to manage all household affairs, care for the children, and perhaps even defend the home forcibly. For this reason, many women of the samurai class were trained in wielding a polearm called a naginata or a special knife called the kaiken in an art called tantojutsu (lit. the skill of the knife), which they could use to protect their household, family, and honor if the need arose. | During what time and in what place did the tantojutsu wield her knife? | {
"text": [
"early feudal Japan"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
8114a7e2e73b21fadb044d6107517c93587d912e | Samurai | Maintaining the household was the main duty of samurai women. This was especially crucial during early feudal Japan, when warrior husbands were often traveling abroad or engaged in clan battles. The wife, or okugatasama (meaning: one who remains in the home), was left to manage all household affairs, care for the children, and perhaps even defend the home forcibly. For this reason, many women of the samurai class were trained in wielding a polearm called a naginata or a special knife called the kaiken in an art called tantojutsu (lit. the skill of the knife), which they could use to protect their household, family, and honor if the need arose. | Why did women maintain the house? | {
"text": [
"husbands were often traveling abroad"
],
"answer_start": [
130
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5032ee760bee488adae3ebc9304e7666a8fffd50 | Samurai | Maintaining the household was the main duty of samurai women. This was especially crucial during early feudal Japan, when warrior husbands were often traveling abroad or engaged in clan battles. The wife, or okugatasama (meaning: one who remains in the home), was left to manage all household affairs, care for the children, and perhaps even defend the home forcibly. For this reason, many women of the samurai class were trained in wielding a polearm called a naginata or a special knife called the kaiken in an art called tantojutsu (lit. the skill of the knife), which they could use to protect their household, family, and honor if the need arose. | What word that does not start with the letter 'h' does a samurai woman need to protect? | {
"text": [
"family"
],
"answer_start": [
615
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
cdfc6a708d165e5f771e081b356e95bad518ec0c | Samurai | Maintaining the household was the main duty of samurai women. This was especially crucial during early feudal Japan, when warrior husbands were often traveling abroad or engaged in clan battles. The wife, or okugatasama (meaning: one who remains in the home), was left to manage all household affairs, care for the children, and perhaps even defend the home forcibly. For this reason, many women of the samurai class were trained in wielding a polearm called a naginata or a special knife called the kaiken in an art called tantojutsu (lit. the skill of the knife), which they could use to protect their household, family, and honor if the need arose. | What was the job title of the samurai husband? | {
"text": [
"warrior"
],
"answer_start": [
122
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
41dea0e660b129a674eabcfcefa909fc8b9364e5 | Samurai | Maintaining the household was the main duty of samurai women. This was especially crucial during early feudal Japan, when warrior husbands were often traveling abroad or engaged in clan battles. The wife, or okugatasama (meaning: one who remains in the home), was left to manage all household affairs, care for the children, and perhaps even defend the home forcibly. For this reason, many women of the samurai class were trained in wielding a polearm called a naginata or a special knife called the kaiken in an art called tantojutsu (lit. the skill of the knife), which they could use to protect their household, family, and honor if the need arose. | What were women taught in order to defend their families? | {
"text": [
"tantojutsu"
],
"answer_start": [
524
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
74c02fda86fe17b2d092bf23aa282a37dc40d0e1 | Samurai | Maintaining the household was the main duty of samurai women. This was especially crucial during early feudal Japan, when warrior husbands were often traveling abroad or engaged in clan battles. The wife, or okugatasama (meaning: one who remains in the home), was left to manage all household affairs, care for the children, and perhaps even defend the home forcibly. For this reason, many women of the samurai class were trained in wielding a polearm called a naginata or a special knife called the kaiken in an art called tantojutsu (lit. the skill of the knife), which they could use to protect their household, family, and honor if the need arose. | What did the samurai husbands have to do as fighters? | {
"text": [
"often traveling abroad or engaged in clan battles"
],
"answer_start": [
144
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ae69b53489659e9ff244b03543e3a41bab045a7b | Samurai | Maintaining the household was the main duty of samurai women. This was especially crucial during early feudal Japan, when warrior husbands were often traveling abroad or engaged in clan battles. The wife, or okugatasama (meaning: one who remains in the home), was left to manage all household affairs, care for the children, and perhaps even defend the home forcibly. For this reason, many women of the samurai class were trained in wielding a polearm called a naginata or a special knife called the kaiken in an art called tantojutsu (lit. the skill of the knife), which they could use to protect their household, family, and honor if the need arose. | What word is used to mean families? | {
"text": [
"clan"
],
"answer_start": [
181
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b66e8b07d88af4ac544b5cc214104b3d93864f68 | Samurai | Maintaining the household was the main duty of samurai women. This was especially crucial during early feudal Japan, when warrior husbands were often traveling abroad or engaged in clan battles. The wife, or okugatasama (meaning: one who remains in the home), was left to manage all household affairs, care for the children, and perhaps even defend the home forcibly. For this reason, many women of the samurai class were trained in wielding a polearm called a naginata or a special knife called the kaiken in an art called tantojutsu (lit. the skill of the knife), which they could use to protect their household, family, and honor if the need arose. | Why couldn't the samurai husbands usually help the women in the household? | {
"text": [
"husbands were often traveling abroad or engaged in clan battles"
],
"answer_start": [
130
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
cc698e37330e11ee5eb8bfd3952ad466e94a455e | Samurai | Maintaining the household was the main duty of samurai women. This was especially crucial during early feudal Japan, when warrior husbands were often traveling abroad or engaged in clan battles. The wife, or okugatasama (meaning: one who remains in the home), was left to manage all household affairs, care for the children, and perhaps even defend the home forcibly. For this reason, many women of the samurai class were trained in wielding a polearm called a naginata or a special knife called the kaiken in an art called tantojutsu (lit. the skill of the knife), which they could use to protect their household, family, and honor if the need arose. | What did women use for protection? | {
"text": [
"a polearm called a naginata or a special knife called the kaiken"
],
"answer_start": [
442
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
df3546ef734275247f595ae092b41695c2080526 | Samurai | Maintaining the household was the main duty of samurai women. This was especially crucial during early feudal Japan, when warrior husbands were often traveling abroad or engaged in clan battles. The wife, or okugatasama (meaning: one who remains in the home), was left to manage all household affairs, care for the children, and perhaps even defend the home forcibly. For this reason, many women of the samurai class were trained in wielding a polearm called a naginata or a special knife called the kaiken in an art called tantojutsu (lit. the skill of the knife), which they could use to protect their household, family, and honor if the need arose. | What were women trained to do if need be? | {
"text": [
"defend the home forcibly"
],
"answer_start": [
342
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b30d639853e0d513fce92de348bee5abc7546af3 | Samurai | Maintaining the household was the main duty of samurai women. This was especially crucial during early feudal Japan, when warrior husbands were often traveling abroad or engaged in clan battles. The wife, or okugatasama (meaning: one who remains in the home), was left to manage all household affairs, care for the children, and perhaps even defend the home forcibly. For this reason, many women of the samurai class were trained in wielding a polearm called a naginata or a special knife called the kaiken in an art called tantojutsu (lit. the skill of the knife), which they could use to protect their household, family, and honor if the need arose. | Why were the women trained with weapons? | {
"text": [
"to protect their household, family, and honor"
],
"answer_start": [
587
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
6667c422cfb1890f2d45baa574c2380b96cce5c0 | Samurai | Maintaining the household was the main duty of samurai women. This was especially crucial during early feudal Japan, when warrior husbands were often traveling abroad or engaged in clan battles. The wife, or okugatasama (meaning: one who remains in the home), was left to manage all household affairs, care for the children, and perhaps even defend the home forcibly. For this reason, many women of the samurai class were trained in wielding a polearm called a naginata or a special knife called the kaiken in an art called tantojutsu (lit. the skill of the knife), which they could use to protect their household, family, and honor if the need arose. | What Japanese tool of war does not start with the same letter as its English definition? | {
"text": [
"naginata"
],
"answer_start": [
461
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
8a5320934e66892052383971bdf28653d702da28 | Samurai | The Taira and the Minamoto clashed again in 1180, beginning the Gempei War, which ended in 1185. Samurai fought at the naval battle of Dan-no-ura, at the Shimonoseki Strait which separates Honshu and Kyushu in 1185. The victorious Minamoto no Yoritomo established the superiority of the samurai over the aristocracy. In 1190 he visited Kyoto and in 1192 became Sei'i-taishōgun, establishing the Kamakura Shogunate, or Kamakura Bakufu. Instead of ruling from Kyoto, he set up the Shogunate in Kamakura, near his base of power. "Bakufu" means "tent government", taken from the encampments the soldiers would live in, in accordance with the Bakufu's status as a military government. | What did Yoritomo prove to the aristocracy? | {
"text": [
"Bakufu"
],
"answer_start": [
427
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1b0d9fbf141470ba798c1791b43f3e48472c2ab4 | Samurai | The Taira and the Minamoto clashed again in 1180, beginning the Gempei War, which ended in 1185. Samurai fought at the naval battle of Dan-no-ura, at the Shimonoseki Strait which separates Honshu and Kyushu in 1185. The victorious Minamoto no Yoritomo established the superiority of the samurai over the aristocracy. In 1190 he visited Kyoto and in 1192 became Sei'i-taishōgun, establishing the Kamakura Shogunate, or Kamakura Bakufu. Instead of ruling from Kyoto, he set up the Shogunate in Kamakura, near his base of power. "Bakufu" means "tent government", taken from the encampments the soldiers would live in, in accordance with the Bakufu's status as a military government. | Where did the Japanese navy fight in 1185? | {
"text": [
"Shimonoseki Strait"
],
"answer_start": [
154
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
11a24542e8dd5e8ed3959ad84ce203870c701bb4 | Samurai | The Taira and the Minamoto clashed again in 1180, beginning the Gempei War, which ended in 1185. Samurai fought at the naval battle of Dan-no-ura, at the Shimonoseki Strait which separates Honshu and Kyushu in 1185. The victorious Minamoto no Yoritomo established the superiority of the samurai over the aristocracy. In 1190 he visited Kyoto and in 1192 became Sei'i-taishōgun, establishing the Kamakura Shogunate, or Kamakura Bakufu. Instead of ruling from Kyoto, he set up the Shogunate in Kamakura, near his base of power. "Bakufu" means "tent government", taken from the encampments the soldiers would live in, in accordance with the Bakufu's status as a military government. | It stands to reason that as warriors, the shogun would establish what? | {
"text": [
"a military government"
],
"answer_start": [
657
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
c4dd9fc9d761f70182e17b19dd967d0c39ca8705 | Samurai | The Taira and the Minamoto clashed again in 1180, beginning the Gempei War, which ended in 1185. Samurai fought at the naval battle of Dan-no-ura, at the Shimonoseki Strait which separates Honshu and Kyushu in 1185. The victorious Minamoto no Yoritomo established the superiority of the samurai over the aristocracy. In 1190 he visited Kyoto and in 1192 became Sei'i-taishōgun, establishing the Kamakura Shogunate, or Kamakura Bakufu. Instead of ruling from Kyoto, he set up the Shogunate in Kamakura, near his base of power. "Bakufu" means "tent government", taken from the encampments the soldiers would live in, in accordance with the Bakufu's status as a military government. | Whose reputation was tarnished by Yoritomo? | {
"text": [
"aristocracy"
],
"answer_start": [
304
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
0fd128fdb04f75931694a49350e5c5571d8f2b58 | Samurai | The Taira and the Minamoto clashed again in 1180, beginning the Gempei War, which ended in 1185. Samurai fought at the naval battle of Dan-no-ura, at the Shimonoseki Strait which separates Honshu and Kyushu in 1185. The victorious Minamoto no Yoritomo established the superiority of the samurai over the aristocracy. In 1190 he visited Kyoto and in 1192 became Sei'i-taishōgun, establishing the Kamakura Shogunate, or Kamakura Bakufu. Instead of ruling from Kyoto, he set up the Shogunate in Kamakura, near his base of power. "Bakufu" means "tent government", taken from the encampments the soldiers would live in, in accordance with the Bakufu's status as a military government. | Who won at the naval battle in 1185? | {
"text": [
"samurai"
],
"answer_start": [
287
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
2aa6d3d6b83b00dc6e0031697fc6712768d29bd1 | Samurai | The Taira and the Minamoto clashed again in 1180, beginning the Gempei War, which ended in 1185. Samurai fought at the naval battle of Dan-no-ura, at the Shimonoseki Strait which separates Honshu and Kyushu in 1185. The victorious Minamoto no Yoritomo established the superiority of the samurai over the aristocracy. In 1190 he visited Kyoto and in 1192 became Sei'i-taishōgun, establishing the Kamakura Shogunate, or Kamakura Bakufu. Instead of ruling from Kyoto, he set up the Shogunate in Kamakura, near his base of power. "Bakufu" means "tent government", taken from the encampments the soldiers would live in, in accordance with the Bakufu's status as a military government. | What structures made up the base ofr Kamakura soldiers? | {
"text": [
"tent"
],
"answer_start": [
542
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
208214c384386249e8ccf9f3d54e5ff59f61e656 | Samurai | The Taira and the Minamoto clashed again in 1180, beginning the Gempei War, which ended in 1185. Samurai fought at the naval battle of Dan-no-ura, at the Shimonoseki Strait which separates Honshu and Kyushu in 1185. The victorious Minamoto no Yoritomo established the superiority of the samurai over the aristocracy. In 1190 he visited Kyoto and in 1192 became Sei'i-taishōgun, establishing the Kamakura Shogunate, or Kamakura Bakufu. Instead of ruling from Kyoto, he set up the Shogunate in Kamakura, near his base of power. "Bakufu" means "tent government", taken from the encampments the soldiers would live in, in accordance with the Bakufu's status as a military government. | The Kamakura shogunate or Bakufu looked like a government of what? | {
"text": [
"tent"
],
"answer_start": [
542
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
85900815e776a86d1e35f2de0a63fb3ad61c3145 | Samurai | The Taira and the Minamoto clashed again in 1180, beginning the Gempei War, which ended in 1185. Samurai fought at the naval battle of Dan-no-ura, at the Shimonoseki Strait which separates Honshu and Kyushu in 1185. The victorious Minamoto no Yoritomo established the superiority of the samurai over the aristocracy. In 1190 he visited Kyoto and in 1192 became Sei'i-taishōgun, establishing the Kamakura Shogunate, or Kamakura Bakufu. Instead of ruling from Kyoto, he set up the Shogunate in Kamakura, near his base of power. "Bakufu" means "tent government", taken from the encampments the soldiers would live in, in accordance with the Bakufu's status as a military government. | Which class ruled following the Gempei War? | {
"text": [
"samurai"
],
"answer_start": [
287
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
02918f1cdf4da8163e1059bef9a9945b5c39c703 | Samurai | The Taira and the Minamoto clashed again in 1180, beginning the Gempei War, which ended in 1185. Samurai fought at the naval battle of Dan-no-ura, at the Shimonoseki Strait which separates Honshu and Kyushu in 1185. The victorious Minamoto no Yoritomo established the superiority of the samurai over the aristocracy. In 1190 he visited Kyoto and in 1192 became Sei'i-taishōgun, establishing the Kamakura Shogunate, or Kamakura Bakufu. Instead of ruling from Kyoto, he set up the Shogunate in Kamakura, near his base of power. "Bakufu" means "tent government", taken from the encampments the soldiers would live in, in accordance with the Bakufu's status as a military government. | Which military force fought at the battle of Dan-no-ura? | {
"text": [
"naval"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
2a55a144e26daffa5e992ec70d3651c7b486ae4d | Samurai | The Taira and the Minamoto clashed again in 1180, beginning the Gempei War, which ended in 1185. Samurai fought at the naval battle of Dan-no-ura, at the Shimonoseki Strait which separates Honshu and Kyushu in 1185. The victorious Minamoto no Yoritomo established the superiority of the samurai over the aristocracy. In 1190 he visited Kyoto and in 1192 became Sei'i-taishōgun, establishing the Kamakura Shogunate, or Kamakura Bakufu. Instead of ruling from Kyoto, he set up the Shogunate in Kamakura, near his base of power. "Bakufu" means "tent government", taken from the encampments the soldiers would live in, in accordance with the Bakufu's status as a military government. | Who's base of power was located in Kamakura in 1190? | {
"text": [
"Minamoto no Yoritomo"
],
"answer_start": [
231
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b4535fea44c31899a672a94ff706c082c937d511 | Samurai | The Taira and the Minamoto clashed again in 1180, beginning the Gempei War, which ended in 1185. Samurai fought at the naval battle of Dan-no-ura, at the Shimonoseki Strait which separates Honshu and Kyushu in 1185. The victorious Minamoto no Yoritomo established the superiority of the samurai over the aristocracy. In 1190 he visited Kyoto and in 1192 became Sei'i-taishōgun, establishing the Kamakura Shogunate, or Kamakura Bakufu. Instead of ruling from Kyoto, he set up the Shogunate in Kamakura, near his base of power. "Bakufu" means "tent government", taken from the encampments the soldiers would live in, in accordance with the Bakufu's status as a military government. | With the war lasting five years and Yorimoto staying in Kyoto for two, what date marks the beginning of the rise to power? | {
"text": [
"1180"
],
"answer_start": [
44
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
e464d60bc5a3e623b16f42c836d402598d305296 | Samurai | Emperor Meiji abolished the samurai's right to be the only armed force in favor of a more modern, western-style, conscripted army in 1873. Samurai became Shizoku (士族) who retained some of their salaries, but the right to wear a katana in public was eventually abolished along with the right to execute commoners who paid them disrespect. The samurai finally came to an end after hundreds of years of enjoyment of their status, their powers, and their ability to shape the government of Japan. However, the rule of the state by the military class was not yet over. In defining how a modern Japan should be, members of the Meiji government decided to follow the footsteps of the United Kingdom and Germany, basing the country on the concept of noblesse oblige. Samurai were not a political force under the new order. With the Meiji reforms in the late 19th century, the samurai class was abolished, and a western-style national army was established. The Imperial Japanese Armies were conscripted, but many samurai volunteered as soldiers, and many advanced to be trained as officers. Much of the Imperial Army officer class was of samurai origin, and were highly motivated, disciplined, and exceptionally trained. | Meiji was a what? | {
"text": [
"Emperor"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
627a6742db3671f4dd2f696e3c35f06a583358a5 | Samurai | Emperor Meiji abolished the samurai's right to be the only armed force in favor of a more modern, western-style, conscripted army in 1873. Samurai became Shizoku (士族) who retained some of their salaries, but the right to wear a katana in public was eventually abolished along with the right to execute commoners who paid them disrespect. The samurai finally came to an end after hundreds of years of enjoyment of their status, their powers, and their ability to shape the government of Japan. However, the rule of the state by the military class was not yet over. In defining how a modern Japan should be, members of the Meiji government decided to follow the footsteps of the United Kingdom and Germany, basing the country on the concept of noblesse oblige. Samurai were not a political force under the new order. With the Meiji reforms in the late 19th century, the samurai class was abolished, and a western-style national army was established. The Imperial Japanese Armies were conscripted, but many samurai volunteered as soldiers, and many advanced to be trained as officers. Much of the Imperial Army officer class was of samurai origin, and were highly motivated, disciplined, and exceptionally trained. | What were Samurai used for? | {
"text": [
"army"
],
"answer_start": [
125
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
7e8574cc5b21d6bd3575ac707249ba4e4b2d017d | Samurai | Emperor Meiji abolished the samurai's right to be the only armed force in favor of a more modern, western-style, conscripted army in 1873. Samurai became Shizoku (士族) who retained some of their salaries, but the right to wear a katana in public was eventually abolished along with the right to execute commoners who paid them disrespect. The samurai finally came to an end after hundreds of years of enjoyment of their status, their powers, and their ability to shape the government of Japan. However, the rule of the state by the military class was not yet over. In defining how a modern Japan should be, members of the Meiji government decided to follow the footsteps of the United Kingdom and Germany, basing the country on the concept of noblesse oblige. Samurai were not a political force under the new order. With the Meiji reforms in the late 19th century, the samurai class was abolished, and a western-style national army was established. The Imperial Japanese Armies were conscripted, but many samurai volunteered as soldiers, and many advanced to be trained as officers. Much of the Imperial Army officer class was of samurai origin, and were highly motivated, disciplined, and exceptionally trained. | What did all samurai have equipped? | {
"text": [
"katana"
],
"answer_start": [
228
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
5f8ec5890465333787b1fc251f6833a91a37d554 | Samurai | Emperor Meiji abolished the samurai's right to be the only armed force in favor of a more modern, western-style, conscripted army in 1873. Samurai became Shizoku (士族) who retained some of their salaries, but the right to wear a katana in public was eventually abolished along with the right to execute commoners who paid them disrespect. The samurai finally came to an end after hundreds of years of enjoyment of their status, their powers, and their ability to shape the government of Japan. However, the rule of the state by the military class was not yet over. In defining how a modern Japan should be, members of the Meiji government decided to follow the footsteps of the United Kingdom and Germany, basing the country on the concept of noblesse oblige. Samurai were not a political force under the new order. With the Meiji reforms in the late 19th century, the samurai class was abolished, and a western-style national army was established. The Imperial Japanese Armies were conscripted, but many samurai volunteered as soldiers, and many advanced to be trained as officers. Much of the Imperial Army officer class was of samurai origin, and were highly motivated, disciplined, and exceptionally trained. | When were samurai no longer allowed? | {
"text": [
"late 19th century"
],
"answer_start": [
845
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
48fcef63da47d2c4aa4c75818689e4ccc249c802 | Samurai | Emperor Meiji abolished the samurai's right to be the only armed force in favor of a more modern, western-style, conscripted army in 1873. Samurai became Shizoku (士族) who retained some of their salaries, but the right to wear a katana in public was eventually abolished along with the right to execute commoners who paid them disrespect. The samurai finally came to an end after hundreds of years of enjoyment of their status, their powers, and their ability to shape the government of Japan. However, the rule of the state by the military class was not yet over. In defining how a modern Japan should be, members of the Meiji government decided to follow the footsteps of the United Kingdom and Germany, basing the country on the concept of noblesse oblige. Samurai were not a political force under the new order. With the Meiji reforms in the late 19th century, the samurai class was abolished, and a western-style national army was established. The Imperial Japanese Armies were conscripted, but many samurai volunteered as soldiers, and many advanced to be trained as officers. Much of the Imperial Army officer class was of samurai origin, and were highly motivated, disciplined, and exceptionally trained. | Shizoku was a what? | {
"text": [
"Samurai"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
f507c24608de41a10b975730696e95899a1012a2 | Samurai | Emperor Meiji abolished the samurai's right to be the only armed force in favor of a more modern, western-style, conscripted army in 1873. Samurai became Shizoku (士族) who retained some of their salaries, but the right to wear a katana in public was eventually abolished along with the right to execute commoners who paid them disrespect. The samurai finally came to an end after hundreds of years of enjoyment of their status, their powers, and their ability to shape the government of Japan. However, the rule of the state by the military class was not yet over. In defining how a modern Japan should be, members of the Meiji government decided to follow the footsteps of the United Kingdom and Germany, basing the country on the concept of noblesse oblige. Samurai were not a political force under the new order. With the Meiji reforms in the late 19th century, the samurai class was abolished, and a western-style national army was established. The Imperial Japanese Armies were conscripted, but many samurai volunteered as soldiers, and many advanced to be trained as officers. Much of the Imperial Army officer class was of samurai origin, and were highly motivated, disciplined, and exceptionally trained. | What became a common occupation of those who used to be Samurai? | {
"text": [
"Imperial Army officer"
],
"answer_start": [
1094
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
da0d43eb879f38d3eb3ad8c320cc712cee3be4ff | Samurai | Emperor Meiji abolished the samurai's right to be the only armed force in favor of a more modern, western-style, conscripted army in 1873. Samurai became Shizoku (士族) who retained some of their salaries, but the right to wear a katana in public was eventually abolished along with the right to execute commoners who paid them disrespect. The samurai finally came to an end after hundreds of years of enjoyment of their status, their powers, and their ability to shape the government of Japan. However, the rule of the state by the military class was not yet over. In defining how a modern Japan should be, members of the Meiji government decided to follow the footsteps of the United Kingdom and Germany, basing the country on the concept of noblesse oblige. Samurai were not a political force under the new order. With the Meiji reforms in the late 19th century, the samurai class was abolished, and a western-style national army was established. The Imperial Japanese Armies were conscripted, but many samurai volunteered as soldiers, and many advanced to be trained as officers. Much of the Imperial Army officer class was of samurai origin, and were highly motivated, disciplined, and exceptionally trained. | An Imperial Army officer who was disciplined, highly motivated, and exceptionally trained, likely used to be able to do what but no longer was allowed to? | {
"text": [
"the right to wear a katana in public was eventually abolished along with the right to execute commoners who paid them disrespect"
],
"answer_start": [
208
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
1c38738981c874ed3e6652067189c825c0014333 | Samurai | Emperor Meiji abolished the samurai's right to be the only armed force in favor of a more modern, western-style, conscripted army in 1873. Samurai became Shizoku (士族) who retained some of their salaries, but the right to wear a katana in public was eventually abolished along with the right to execute commoners who paid them disrespect. The samurai finally came to an end after hundreds of years of enjoyment of their status, their powers, and their ability to shape the government of Japan. However, the rule of the state by the military class was not yet over. In defining how a modern Japan should be, members of the Meiji government decided to follow the footsteps of the United Kingdom and Germany, basing the country on the concept of noblesse oblige. Samurai were not a political force under the new order. With the Meiji reforms in the late 19th century, the samurai class was abolished, and a western-style national army was established. The Imperial Japanese Armies were conscripted, but many samurai volunteered as soldiers, and many advanced to be trained as officers. Much of the Imperial Army officer class was of samurai origin, and were highly motivated, disciplined, and exceptionally trained. | What was the purpose of getting rid of the Samurai? | {
"text": [
"a more modern, western-style, conscripted army"
],
"answer_start": [
83
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
b8b0ed557190ec51587910548ff9e0fca2cfc8ec | Samurai | In his book "Ideals of the Samurai" translator William Scott Wilson states: "The warriors in the Heike Monogatari served as models for the educated warriors of later generations, and the ideals depicted by them were not assumed to be beyond reach. Rather, these ideals were vigorously pursued in the upper echelons of warrior society and recommended as the proper form of the Japanese man of arms. With the Heike Monogatari, the image of the Japanese warrior in literature came to its full maturity." Wilson then translates the writings of several warriors who mention the Heike Monogatari as an example for their men to follow. | What kind of everyday life dominated the life of these warriors? | {
"text": [
"warrior society"
],
"answer_start": [
318
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
340f9cacd98bcce41f8f98cc1bc746c3a11b6067 | Samurai | In his book "Ideals of the Samurai" translator William Scott Wilson states: "The warriors in the Heike Monogatari served as models for the educated warriors of later generations, and the ideals depicted by them were not assumed to be beyond reach. Rather, these ideals were vigorously pursued in the upper echelons of warrior society and recommended as the proper form of the Japanese man of arms. With the Heike Monogatari, the image of the Japanese warrior in literature came to its full maturity." Wilson then translates the writings of several warriors who mention the Heike Monogatari as an example for their men to follow. | Who was admired and written about? | {
"text": [
"warriors in the Heike Monogatari"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
54b74402d5e4f09ffdef08be18ff95b205d043cb | Samurai | In his book "Ideals of the Samurai" translator William Scott Wilson states: "The warriors in the Heike Monogatari served as models for the educated warriors of later generations, and the ideals depicted by them were not assumed to be beyond reach. Rather, these ideals were vigorously pursued in the upper echelons of warrior society and recommended as the proper form of the Japanese man of arms. With the Heike Monogatari, the image of the Japanese warrior in literature came to its full maturity." Wilson then translates the writings of several warriors who mention the Heike Monogatari as an example for their men to follow. | For what type of media did Wilson translate? | {
"text": [
"book"
],
"answer_start": [
7
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
09f4033e49e1f2d58176d75b3ea096c591dabe38 | Samurai | In his book "Ideals of the Samurai" translator William Scott Wilson states: "The warriors in the Heike Monogatari served as models for the educated warriors of later generations, and the ideals depicted by them were not assumed to be beyond reach. Rather, these ideals were vigorously pursued in the upper echelons of warrior society and recommended as the proper form of the Japanese man of arms. With the Heike Monogatari, the image of the Japanese warrior in literature came to its full maturity." Wilson then translates the writings of several warriors who mention the Heike Monogatari as an example for their men to follow. | What was one role that Heike Monogatari warriors served? | {
"text": [
"models for the educated warriors of later generations"
],
"answer_start": [
124
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
87dcf4fab464e374588f73b309f256f19afd88aa | Samurai | In his book "Ideals of the Samurai" translator William Scott Wilson states: "The warriors in the Heike Monogatari served as models for the educated warriors of later generations, and the ideals depicted by them were not assumed to be beyond reach. Rather, these ideals were vigorously pursued in the upper echelons of warrior society and recommended as the proper form of the Japanese man of arms. With the Heike Monogatari, the image of the Japanese warrior in literature came to its full maturity." Wilson then translates the writings of several warriors who mention the Heike Monogatari as an example for their men to follow. | What were the warriors held up as? | {
"text": [
"an example for their men to follow"
],
"answer_start": [
593
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
eb84d6836f44a99c4addd8b4d37d49bcc7f93962 | Samurai | In his book "Ideals of the Samurai" translator William Scott Wilson states: "The warriors in the Heike Monogatari served as models for the educated warriors of later generations, and the ideals depicted by them were not assumed to be beyond reach. Rather, these ideals were vigorously pursued in the upper echelons of warrior society and recommended as the proper form of the Japanese man of arms. With the Heike Monogatari, the image of the Japanese warrior in literature came to its full maturity." Wilson then translates the writings of several warriors who mention the Heike Monogatari as an example for their men to follow. | What was another influence or contribution that came from the Heike Monogatari? | {
"text": [
"proper form"
],
"answer_start": [
357
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
9f436fe7aac43cce57184ca87ab6ebc3eb7c134b | Samurai | In his book "Ideals of the Samurai" translator William Scott Wilson states: "The warriors in the Heike Monogatari served as models for the educated warriors of later generations, and the ideals depicted by them were not assumed to be beyond reach. Rather, these ideals were vigorously pursued in the upper echelons of warrior society and recommended as the proper form of the Japanese man of arms. With the Heike Monogatari, the image of the Japanese warrior in literature came to its full maturity." Wilson then translates the writings of several warriors who mention the Heike Monogatari as an example for their men to follow. | What is another commonly used term to describe the Heike Monogatari? | {
"text": [
"Samurai"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
56ce1e9183c16e495054dafad912347c36567219 | Samurai | In his book "Ideals of the Samurai" translator William Scott Wilson states: "The warriors in the Heike Monogatari served as models for the educated warriors of later generations, and the ideals depicted by them were not assumed to be beyond reach. Rather, these ideals were vigorously pursued in the upper echelons of warrior society and recommended as the proper form of the Japanese man of arms. With the Heike Monogatari, the image of the Japanese warrior in literature came to its full maturity." Wilson then translates the writings of several warriors who mention the Heike Monogatari as an example for their men to follow. | Who did William Scott Wilson translate? | {
"text": [
"several warriors"
],
"answer_start": [
540
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
972c61fbdfa75a1da1ba1ba6dc0ccb27f12e5be0 | Samurai | In his book "Ideals of the Samurai" translator William Scott Wilson states: "The warriors in the Heike Monogatari served as models for the educated warriors of later generations, and the ideals depicted by them were not assumed to be beyond reach. Rather, these ideals were vigorously pursued in the upper echelons of warrior society and recommended as the proper form of the Japanese man of arms. With the Heike Monogatari, the image of the Japanese warrior in literature came to its full maturity." Wilson then translates the writings of several warriors who mention the Heike Monogatari as an example for their men to follow. | Who were the Heike Monogatari? | {
"text": [
"warriors"
],
"answer_start": [
148
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
701db9817b5a0dcc74bbe1403f20c7a526de0404 | Samurai | In his book "Ideals of the Samurai" translator William Scott Wilson states: "The warriors in the Heike Monogatari served as models for the educated warriors of later generations, and the ideals depicted by them were not assumed to be beyond reach. Rather, these ideals were vigorously pursued in the upper echelons of warrior society and recommended as the proper form of the Japanese man of arms. With the Heike Monogatari, the image of the Japanese warrior in literature came to its full maturity." Wilson then translates the writings of several warriors who mention the Heike Monogatari as an example for their men to follow. | What kind of warriors were good role models? | {
"text": [
"Samurai"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
fcaf1860b714e90ee918b54f995bce08a2e85e86 | Samurai | In his book "Ideals of the Samurai" translator William Scott Wilson states: "The warriors in the Heike Monogatari served as models for the educated warriors of later generations, and the ideals depicted by them were not assumed to be beyond reach. Rather, these ideals were vigorously pursued in the upper echelons of warrior society and recommended as the proper form of the Japanese man of arms. With the Heike Monogatari, the image of the Japanese warrior in literature came to its full maturity." Wilson then translates the writings of several warriors who mention the Heike Monogatari as an example for their men to follow. | What were the warriors called? | {
"text": [
"Samurai"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
fa83297af72581a83e9e3f64ac9f8c9515a2f9ca | Samurai | In the 1500s a new type of armor started to become popular due to the advent of firearms, new fighting tactics and the need for additional protection. The kozane dou made from individual scales was replaced by plate armor. This new armor, which used iron plated dou (dō), was referred to as Tosei-gusoku, or modern armor. Various other components of armor protected the samurai's body. The helmet kabuto was an important part of the samurai's armor. Samurai armor changed and developed as the methods of samurai warfare changed over the centuries. The known last use of samurai armor occurring in 1877 during the satsuma rebellion. As the last samurai rebellion was crushed, Japan modernized its defenses and turned to a national conscription army that used uniforms. | Why would a samurai's armor be different from century to century? | {
"text": [
"armor changed and developed"
],
"answer_start": [
458
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
94aaa74cfa67c4250e2d357b243c63310c2868aa | Samurai | In the 1500s a new type of armor started to become popular due to the advent of firearms, new fighting tactics and the need for additional protection. The kozane dou made from individual scales was replaced by plate armor. This new armor, which used iron plated dou (dō), was referred to as Tosei-gusoku, or modern armor. Various other components of armor protected the samurai's body. The helmet kabuto was an important part of the samurai's armor. Samurai armor changed and developed as the methods of samurai warfare changed over the centuries. The known last use of samurai armor occurring in 1877 during the satsuma rebellion. As the last samurai rebellion was crushed, Japan modernized its defenses and turned to a national conscription army that used uniforms. | The armor for the time was considered to be what as firearms grew during the 1500s? | {
"text": [
"new"
],
"answer_start": [
15
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
ca090201a1522addfeac875556cb7271b0e47b33 | Samurai | In the 1500s a new type of armor started to become popular due to the advent of firearms, new fighting tactics and the need for additional protection. The kozane dou made from individual scales was replaced by plate armor. This new armor, which used iron plated dou (dō), was referred to as Tosei-gusoku, or modern armor. Various other components of armor protected the samurai's body. The helmet kabuto was an important part of the samurai's armor. Samurai armor changed and developed as the methods of samurai warfare changed over the centuries. The known last use of samurai armor occurring in 1877 during the satsuma rebellion. As the last samurai rebellion was crushed, Japan modernized its defenses and turned to a national conscription army that used uniforms. | After the samurai were defeated, what did Japan replace the armor with? | {
"text": [
"uniforms"
],
"answer_start": [
758
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
15a8b3f060f062ae2fbf37e126b6b972efa56be7 | Samurai | In the 1500s a new type of armor started to become popular due to the advent of firearms, new fighting tactics and the need for additional protection. The kozane dou made from individual scales was replaced by plate armor. This new armor, which used iron plated dou (dō), was referred to as Tosei-gusoku, or modern armor. Various other components of armor protected the samurai's body. The helmet kabuto was an important part of the samurai's armor. Samurai armor changed and developed as the methods of samurai warfare changed over the centuries. The known last use of samurai armor occurring in 1877 during the satsuma rebellion. As the last samurai rebellion was crushed, Japan modernized its defenses and turned to a national conscription army that used uniforms. | In what way did Japan's defenses change after the satsuma rebellion? | {
"text": [
"modernized"
],
"answer_start": [
681
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
51940042df28fdef9311e38803fd2fceb6bdfb1f | Samurai | In the 1500s a new type of armor started to become popular due to the advent of firearms, new fighting tactics and the need for additional protection. The kozane dou made from individual scales was replaced by plate armor. This new armor, which used iron plated dou (dō), was referred to as Tosei-gusoku, or modern armor. Various other components of armor protected the samurai's body. The helmet kabuto was an important part of the samurai's armor. Samurai armor changed and developed as the methods of samurai warfare changed over the centuries. The known last use of samurai armor occurring in 1877 during the satsuma rebellion. As the last samurai rebellion was crushed, Japan modernized its defenses and turned to a national conscription army that used uniforms. | What happened to end the new armor? | {
"text": [
"satsuma rebellion"
],
"answer_start": [
613
]
} | {
"split": "train",
"model_in_the_loop": "Combined"
} |
Subsets and Splits