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SCOPUS_ID:84855813471
|
'I'm not a war monger but...': Discourse analysis and social psychological peace research
|
The present paper argues for a discourse analytic approach to social psychological peace research and demonstrates the potential of such an approach through a re-specification of the concept of attitudes to war. This is illustrated through an analysis of a series of televised debates broadcast in the UK in February-March 2003 in the build-up to the formal outbreak of the Iraq War. Analysis draws attention to the importance of rhetorical context and function, the inseparability of attitude object and evaluation and the formulation of evaluations as specific or general. Findings are discussed in the context of recent calls for methodological pluralism in social psychological peace research with a suggestion that matters of epistemology stand prior to methodology. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84870892134
|
'I'm not sexist, but...': How ideological dilemmas reinforce sexism in talk about intimate partner violence
|
In order to extend knowledge about the communicative aspects of intimate partner violence (IPV), we ask how those who talk about IPV frame the relationship between gender and power. How does their framing account for the role of gender in IPV perpetration? A critical discourse analysis of conversations from focus groups and interviews reveals that when participants talk about IPV, they rely on ideological dilemmas in available understandings of the relationship between gender and power. As participants use disclaimers, competing interpretive repertoires, and extreme case arguments to navigate these dilemmas, their talk closes space for a critique of gender and power that considers systemic factors and benevolent sexism. Instead, participants focus more on individual pathology and the most overt forms of sexism. The tensions that produce this closure may also reveal contradictions that provide opportunities for reshaping public conversations about IPV and its relationship to gender and power. © The Author(s) 2012.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Ethical NLP",
"Responsible & Trustworthy NLP"
] |
[
71,
72,
17,
4
] |
SCOPUS_ID:79960909066
|
'I've never looked at someone and thought what colour they are': Contact theory and interracial friendship in New Zealand
|
Little is known about the micro-level social processes that give rise to the 'contact effect', a reduction in levels of prejudice and stereotyping resulting from interpersonal contact between members of different races or ethnic groups. Reporting findings from a qualitative study, this paper challenges the notion that interracial friendships will necessarily lead to empathy and decreased stereotyping. In interviews, Māori and Pakeha (white New Zealanders) describe race as invisible in close friendships, but also as the basis around which a great deal of 'relationship management' occurs. Contradictory discourses of trust and closeness on the one hand, and guardedness and self-regulation on the other, point to the complexity of these relationships. The potential for open communication, exchange of knowledge, reductions in anxiety and threat perception, and the development of affection are thus constrained. The findings suggest that the normative social context along with structures of intergroup relations provide an omnirelevant milieu in which interracial friendships occur and are managed, consequently moderating the effects of contact. © 2011 Taylor & Francis.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories"
] |
[
71,
72,
48,
57
] |
SCOPUS_ID:79960294180
|
'Ideal-Problem-Solution' (IPS) model: A discourse model of research article introductions (RAIs) in education
|
Research article introductions (RAIs) play a significant role in gaining publication, and therefore have been studied by many applied linguists. Research into RAIs published in Indonesia has begun to be developed (Adnan, 2009; Mirahayuni, 2001; Safnil, 2000), and generally conclude that Indonesian Humanities RAIs were structured differently from English RAIs. However, as these are early studies, their findings still awaits scrutiny, and little information on Indonesian RAIs especially in Education has been published. Several models describing discourse structure of research article introductions have been proposed, but they have been problematic when applied to analyse RAIs. This paper reports an examination of the applicability of two important models, the CARS (Swales, 1990) and the PJP model claimed to be an Indonesian model of Humanities RAIs (Safnil, 2000), using a selection of 21 Indonesian research article Introductions (RAIs) written by Indonesian academics in Education. It concentrates on the following questions: To what extent do these models fit the data and why? The examination found that none of the RAIs fit the CARS, and only less than half fit the PJP model for various reasons. Therefore a new model is proposed. This model fits most of the data. The paper claims that apart from national concerns, discourse patterns of RAIs are also affected by writing guides provided by the discipline.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85076839591
|
'If I give you my emotion, what do I get?' Conceptualizing and measuring the co-created emotional value of the brand
|
The emotional value of interactions is a pillar construct in the brand value co-creation domain. So far, research has neglected the search for a measure adequately considering emotional-based joint interactions. Thanks to a netnographic sentiment analysis of 7605 brand-users’ interactions retrieved from 18 Twitter brand profiles, this paper advances knowledge on brand co-creation and introduces a new concept in the marketing domain, the co-created emotional value of the brand, operationalised through the Emotional Co-Creation Score (ECCS). The paper reveals that different emotional experiential paths can be generated by the simultaneous interaction between the brand and its consumers. In particular, it shows that some sectors co-create more than others. Furthermore, brands provide more positive emotions than consumers and, when dealing with consumers’ extreme polar emotions, they compensate consumers’ emotions by calibrating the ECCS, which is not influenced by the frequency of Likes, and only marginally influenced by the frequency of interactions.
|
[
"Sentiment Analysis"
] |
[
78
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84866687089
|
'Indian drum in the house': A critical discourse analysis of an apology for Canadian residential schools and the public's response
|
This article investigates the production and consumption of Canadian Prime Minister Harper's 2008 apology to the victims of residential schools. The apology used contextual elements and linguistic devices to construct a particular reality of both the government's role in residential schools and the nature of Canadian diversity. By comparing themes from Harper's speech to responses on the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation's website, the article seeks to understand whether Canadians reaffirm or contest the prime minister's message. The analysis reveals that although the majority felt the apology was appropriate and important, many contested the discourse that suggested that the attitudes that led to the schools have 'no place' in modern-day Canada. Instead the intercultural audience offered competing discourses of genocide and colonialism suggesting that Canada's identity as it relates to its Aboriginal peoples is still a site of struggle. © The Author(s) 2012.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:38949200928
|
'Inductions of labour': On becoming an experienced midwifery practitioner in Aotearoa/New Zealand: Feature
|
This paper analyzes and explores varying discourses within the talk of new practitioner direct entry (DE) midwives in Aotearoa/New Zealand. In Aotearoa/New Zealand, midwifery is theorized as a feminist profession undertaken in partnership with women. Direct entry midwifery education is similarly based on partnerships between educators and students in the form of liberatory pedagogies. The context for the analysis is a large ethnographic study undertaken with a variety of differently positioned midwives based mainly in one city in New Zealand. I interviewed and observed over 40 midwives in their different practice settings in 2003. Complex and contesting forms of knowledge production are analyzed in this paper drawing on methodological insights from Foucauldian discourse analysis. New practitioners engage in techniques of self-monitoring and surveillance as they move towards becoming established practitioners. New midwifery subjectivities and forms of knowledge production which contest authoritative forms of knowledge are produced. Midwives in New Zealand are seen to inhabit a complex and liminal space of midwifery praxis. Paradoxically, they are exhorted to remain the 'guardians of normal birth' in a time of increasing interventions into birth both locally and internationally. Paradoxes encountered by new midwifery practitioners in New Zealand as they struggle to maintain ideals of 'normal' birth may be paralleled by the constraints inadvertently produced through governing discourses of emancipatory or liberatory pedagogies. The relevance of this is also highly critical for midwifery and birth practices internationally. © 2008 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:0032221424
|
'Is there any ketchup, Vera?': Gender, power and pragmatics
|
This article revisits recent arguments about gender-linked variations in conversational style and the phenomenon of male - female misunderstanding to which those variations allegedly give rise. Drawing on the framework of linguistic pragmatics, I propose that 'male - female misunderstanding' could fruitfully be analysed as a kind of conflict, occurring not on the surface of discourse but at the level of the assumptions about gender which conversationalists bring to bear on the interpretation of utterances in context. This kind of conflict will be most marked where gender relations are a matter of contestation rather than consensus.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Natural Language Interfaces",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Dialogue Systems & Conversational Agents"
] |
[
71,
11,
72,
38
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85029391308
|
'It all fits into place': Psychiatrists' linguistic strategies in challenging media representations of their profession
|
Applied linguistics has a long-standing interest in studying how the media present particular versions of individuals, actions and events. Less attention, however, has been given to the ways in which individuals respond to the media representations of themselves, especially where media representations are of professional categories of people. Here we examine how members of one professional category - psychiatrists - deal with representations of their profession in the cinema. Using discourse analysis, we look at the linguistic strategies used by psychiatrists to challenge and undermine such cinematic versions of their profession. Data come from 13 interviews conducted by a professional journalist with practising psychiatrists from the UK (n=4) and the USA (n=9). In challenging cinematic portrayals of psychiatry, the interviewees construct versions of psychiatry that distinguish these from, and which serve to undermine, media versions. In addition, as members of a category that has category-bound entitlements to explain human behaviour, interviewees can also provide explanations for the inaccuracies found in the versions that film-makers provide. Professional psychiatrists, unlike members of other professional categories, are thus positioned in ways that offer up diverse possibilities for undermining others' representations of their profession in specific contexts.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Representation Learning"
] |
[
71,
72,
12
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85116306080
|
'It crosses all the boundaries': Hybrid language use as empowering resource
|
This study contributes to language-sensitive International Business research by examining forms of language use other than monolingual conversations in national languages. It focuses on hybrid languages that are derived from heterogeneous language sources. Based on modern linguistic research, the study conceptualises multilingualism as joint mobilisation of linguistic resources. Adopting a discursive approach, it empirically investigates the positive and negative effects of hybrid language use for individuals and teams in two companies in Switzerland. The findings show that users of hybrid language are positioned as being able to exchange information more effectively, feeling more comfortable in interactions as well as having more possibilities to express voice and participate. At the same time, hybrid language use is described as having limiting effects in certain contexts. The study therefore suggests to integrate hybrid languages in definitions of individual and organisational language capital, and to strategically address it on the top management and human resources management level.
|
[
"Multilinguality"
] |
[
0
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84906055870
|
'It seemed churlish not to': How living non-directed kidney donors construct their altruism
|
Our objective was to explore how prospective altruistic kidney donors construct their decision to donate. Using a qualitative design and biographical-narrative semistructured interviews, we aimed to produce text for analysis on two levels: the social implications for subjectivity and practice and a tentative psychodynamic explanation of the participants' psychological investment in the discourses they used. A total of six prospective altruistic kidney donors were interviewed. A psychosocial approach to the analysis was taken. In-depth discourse analysis integrated Foucauldian with psychodiscursive approaches and psychodynamic theory was applied to sections of text in which participants seemed to have particular emotional investment. Analysis generated three major discursive themes: other-oriented, rational and self-oriented discourses. The desire to donate was experienced as compelling by participants. Participants used discourses to position themselves as concerned with the needs of the recipient, to resist questioning and criticism, and to manage difficult feelings around mortality. Participants tended to reject personal motivations for altruistic donation, positioning relatives' disapproval as selfish and illogical. These results suggest that the term 'altruistic' for living non-directed organ donation constrains available discourses, severely limiting what can be said, felt, thought and done by donors, clinicians and the public. A more useful approach would acknowledge potential psychological motives and gains for the donor. © The Author(s) 2013.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84862138462
|
'It took me about half an hour, but I did it!' Media circuits and affinity spaces around how-to videos on YouTube
|
Combining sentiment analysis and discursive network analysis, this article looks to answer which sentiments characterize YouTube comments discourse, with a specific focus on how-to videos. What are the differences between comments to various types of videos, and which discursive contexts seem to promote positive sentiment and a participatory climate? Furthermore, the aim is to map out a variety of existing user strategies in terms of their degree of participation. What various modes of taking part and/or giving support are made discursively possible, and what degrees of detachment or engagement are expressed through these identified strategies?. © The Author(s) 2012.
|
[
"Visual Data in NLP",
"Multimodality",
"Sentiment Analysis"
] |
[
20,
74,
78
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84906344797
|
'It's a huge maze, the system, it's a terrible maze': Dementia carers' constructions of navigating health and social care services
|
Dementia is a challenging, progressive set of conditions which present a large care burden to informal, familial carers. A complex array of health and social care services are needed to support people living with dementia. Drawing on the interlinked 'Duties to Care' and 'Dementia Talking' projects, in this article we focus on British carers' talk about health and social care services. We explore data from a mixed-method questionnaire (n = 185), four focus groups and eleven interviews with informal carers of people living with dementia using thematic discourse analysis. Three themes are discussed: (1) services as a 'maze'; (2) services as overly limited - 'beyond our remit'; and (3) the battle and fighting discourse deployed by these carers. Our analysis highlights that carers find navigating systemic issues in dementia care time-consuming, unpredictable and often more difficult than the caring work they undertake. © The Author(s) 2013 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:0842307504
|
'It's an Interesting Conversation I'm Hearing': The Doctor as Manager
|
The aim of this article is to outline in discursive-linguistic terms how doctor-managers (or 'physician-executives' as they are termed in the USA) manage the incommensurate dimensions of their boundary position between profession and organization. In order to achieve this we undertook a discourse analytical study of both recorded, situated talk and open interview data focusing on one doctor-manager navigating between profession and organization. The doctor-manager at the centre of this study locates himself on the boundary of at least three discourses which, in many respects, are incommensurate. These are the profession-specific discourse of clinical medicine, the resource-efficiency and systematization discourse of management, and an inter-personalizing discourse devoted to hedging and mitigating contradictions. While this multi-vocality in itself is not surprising, data show that the doctor-manager positions himself across these discourses and manages their inherent incommensurabilities before a heterogeneous audience and on occasions even within the one utterance. In this particular case, boundary management is achieved by weaving incommensurable positions together into the social and linguistic dynamics of a single, heteroglossic stream of talk. This highly complex and dialogic strategy enables the doctor-manager to dissimulate the disjunction between his reluctance to impose organizational rules on his medical colleagues and his perception that such rules, in the future (to some extent at least), will be the appropriate means for managing the clinical work, and through that the organization.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Natural Language Interfaces",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Dialogue Systems & Conversational Agents"
] |
[
71,
11,
72,
38
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84858160957
|
'It's got so politically correct now': Parents' talk about empowering individuals with learning disabilities
|
Over the last decade the UK Government has made proposals to empower individuals with learning disabilities. Strategies have been implemented to reduce institutionalisation and social segregation. Consequently, some learning disability services are being phased out and the focus of care has moved away from institutions and into the community and family domain. Focusing on discourse as a site for social action and identity construction, we used critical discursive psychology to examine focus group discussions between family carers about facilitating the independence of adult family members with learning disabilities. Unlike official UK Government and learning disability services' constructions of empowerment policy, we found that parents invoked empowerment talk: (1) as a resource to construct the facilitation of independence as an abstract, irresponsible, politically correct professional trend; (2) dilemmatically with meritocratic or practical arguments to undermine notions of facilitating choices; and (3) as a resource to construct new service developments as contrary to the preferences of people with learning disabilities. Parents also described individuals with learning disabilities as unable to cope, and drew stark contrasts between their practice and those of service-professionals when expressing concerns about empowerment. We discuss possible implications of such discourses and contrasts on opportunities for empowering individuals with learning disabilities. © 2011 The Authors. Sociology of Health & Illness © 2011 Foundation for the Sociology of Health & Illness/Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85047697018
|
'It's hard fuh me to understand what you mean, de way you tell it': Representing language in Zora Neale Hurston's Their Eyes Were Watching God
|
In this article I wish to focus on Zora Neale Hurston's dialectal writing, specifically looking at what particular features characterize the language portrayed in Their Eyes Were Watching God via phonetic respellings; and whether or not these features are incorporated into the language of the text in an authentic and consistent manner. Thus I consider whether or not the respellings convincingly capture features of southern American English and AAVE, or if they simply represent stylistic devices employed by Hurston to mark the speech of her characters in a purely fictional manner. With respect to the text under consideration here, I will argue that the majority of Hurston's respellings do, in fact, indicate important phonetic and phonological differences in pronunciation that reflect features typical of both southern American English and AAVE. Furthermore, her use of 'nonstandard' grammatical constructions reinforces the linguistic authenticity of her representation of a dialectal variety particular to African-Americans living in the Southern United States. Copyright © 2001 SAGE Publications.
|
[
"Phonetics",
"Syntactic Text Processing"
] |
[
64,
15
] |
SCOPUS_ID:65649141197
|
'It's not a matter of inhumanity': A critical discourse analysis of an apartment building circular on 'homeless people'
|
Based upon Critical Discourse Analysis (Chouliaraki and Fairclough, 1999; Fairclough, 2003), this study analyses a report of a meeting, distributed as a circular to residents of a middle-class apartment building in Asa Sul, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil. The circular is the outcome of a meeting held between the apartment building's representative, local business people and Federal District Government authorities concerning 'homeless people' in the environs of the apartment building and local business establishments. The discursive analysis of the text indicates that it serves in a sense to camouflage the street situation as a social issue. At the same time, it nullifies 'homeless people' (Thompson, 1990) by legitimating social apartheid in Brazilian society (Buarque, 2003). The analysis seeks therefore to discuss the naturalization of misery in contemporary societies through the internalization of hegemonic discourses that serve to blank out basic social rights. © 2009 SAGE Publications.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
http://arxiv.org/abs/2206.08263v1
|
'John ate 5 apples' != 'John ate some apples': Self-Supervised Paraphrase Quality Detection for Algebraic Word Problems
|
This paper introduces the novel task of scoring paraphrases for Algebraic Word Problems (AWP) and presents a self-supervised method for doing so. In the current online pedagogical setting, paraphrasing these problems is helpful for academicians to generate multiple syntactically diverse questions for assessments. It also helps induce variation to ensure that the student has understood the problem instead of just memorizing it or using unfair means to solve it. The current state-of-the-art paraphrase generation models often cannot effectively paraphrase word problems, losing a critical piece of information (such as numbers or units) which renders the question unsolvable. There is a need for paraphrase scoring methods in the context of AWP to enable the training of good paraphrasers. Thus, we propose ParaQD, a self-supervised paraphrase quality detection method using novel data augmentations that can learn latent representations to separate a high-quality paraphrase of an algebraic question from a poor one by a wide margin. Through extensive experimentation, we demonstrate that our method outperforms existing state-of-the-art self-supervised methods by up to 32% while also demonstrating impressive zero-shot performance.
|
[
"Low-Resource NLP",
"Paraphrasing",
"Text Generation",
"Responsible & Trustworthy NLP"
] |
[
80,
32,
47,
4
] |
http://arxiv.org/abs/2103.15022v2
|
'Just because you are right, doesn't mean I am wrong': Overcoming a Bottleneck in the Development and Evaluation of Open-Ended Visual Question Answering (VQA) Tasks
|
GQA~\citep{hudson2019gqa} is a dataset for real-world visual reasoning and compositional question answering. We found that many answers predicted by the best vision-language models on the GQA dataset do not match the ground-truth answer but still are semantically meaningful and correct in the given context. In fact, this is the case with most existing visual question answering (VQA) datasets where they assume only one ground-truth answer for each question. We propose Alternative Answer Sets (AAS) of ground-truth answers to address this limitation, which is created automatically using off-the-shelf NLP tools. We introduce a semantic metric based on AAS and modify top VQA solvers to support multiple plausible answers for a question. We implement this approach on the GQA dataset and show the performance improvements. Code and data are available in this link \url{https://github.com/luomancs/alternative_answer_set.git}.
|
[
"Visual Data in NLP",
"Natural Language Interfaces",
"Question Answering",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
20,
11,
27,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84890759007
|
'Keywords method' versus 'Calcul des Spécificités': A comparison of tools and methods
|
This paper explores two tools and methods for keyword extraction. As several tools are available, it makes a comparison of two widely used tools, namely Lexico3 (Lamalle et al. 2003) and WordSmith Tools (Scott 2013). It shows the importance of keywords and discusses recent studies involving keyword extraction. Since no previous study has attempted to compare two different tools, used by different language communities and which use different methodologies to extract keywords, this paper aims at filling the gap by comparing not only the tools and their practical use, but also the underlying methodologies and statistics. By means of a comparative study on a small test corpus, this paper shows major similarities and differences between the tools. The similarities mainly concern the most typical keywords, whereas the differences concern the total number of significant keywords extracted, the granularity of both probability value and typicality coefficient and the type of the reference corpus. © 2013 John Benjamins Publishing Company.
|
[
"Term Extraction",
"Information Extraction & Text Mining"
] |
[
1,
3
] |
SCOPUS_ID:57749160767
|
'Landscapes of language': John Clare and the cultural politics of language theory, 1820-1850
|
Focusing upon John Clare's poetry, this article proposes a new methodology for reading the cultural politics of language theory in England 1820'1850. Rather than map literary writings against the coordinates of non-literary works on language, the aim is to explore the complex ideological and political conflicts of the constitutive discourses of language theory as they are reproduced and re-presented in contemporaneous aesthetic texts. Engaging with Hans Aarsleff, Olivia Smith and Tony Crowley, the article demonstrates how the conceptualization of the word as both material thing, and also as locus of ideological discourses, is central to the period in question. It then moves to argue that in Clare's Enclosure poetry his 'landscape of language', adapting Smith, provides a crucial perspective from which to read struggles for control of those discourses immediately prior to construction of literary English as a reified national language post 1850.
|
[
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories"
] |
[
48,
57
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84900436592
|
'Learning without thought is labour lost, thought without learning is perilous': The importance of pre-departure training and emotions management for expatriates working in China
|
Based on data gathered from an autoethnographic account and in-depth qualitative interviews with Italian expatriates, this paper explores the importance of pre-departure linguistic and cultural training for expatriates working in China, with a particular focus on the emotional aspects of movement. According to the latest Global Relocation Trends surveys, China is ranked second only to the USA as the top international destination. However, it also tops the ranking in terms of expatriate assignment failure as it is regarded as the country in which expatriates find it most difficult to adapt (GMAC,2010, 2011). It is here argued that linguistic competences together with cultural understanding are crucial determinants of a positive expatriate experience in terms of general adjustment, social adjustment and work adjustment. Notably in respect of emotional experience, training can ameliorate emotional issonance as well as being a precursor for a more general sense of expatriate emotional wellbeing. Copyright © 2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
|
[
"Emotion Analysis",
"Sentiment Analysis"
] |
[
61,
78
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84874647602
|
'Long autonomy or long delay?' the importance of domain in opinion mining
|
Nowadays, people do not only navigate the web, but they also contribute contents to the Internet. Among other things, they write their thoughts and opinions in review sites, forums, social networks, blogs and other websites. These opinions constitute a valuable resource for businesses, governments and consumers. In the last years, some researchers have proposed opinion extraction systems, mostly domain-independent ones, to automatically extract structured representations of opinions contained in those texts. In this work, we tackle this task in a domain-oriented approach, defining a set of domain-specific resources which capture valuable knowledge about how people express opinions on a given domain. These resources are automatically induced from a set of annotated documents. Some experiments were carried out on three different domains (user-generated reviews of headphones, hotels and cars), comparing our approach to other state-of-the-art, domain-independent techniques. The results confirm the importance of the domain in order to build accurate opinion extraction systems. Some experiments on the influence of the dataset size and an example of aggregation and visualization of the extracted opinions are also shown. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
|
[
"Opinion Mining",
"Sentiment Analysis",
"Information Extraction & Text Mining"
] |
[
49,
78,
3
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84890787238
|
'MORAL OFFSET': Competing framings of pro-environmental lifestyle choices
|
A critical discourse analysis (CDA) of three pro-environmental behaviour (PEB) initiatives promoting low-carbon lifestyles in the UK showcased on BBC Radio 4 illustrates the discursive struggles over meaning involved in the various framings of climate change mitigation policies. Climate change mitigation policies are framed in various competing and coalescing ways in political circles, most commonly as economic opportunities but in some instances as an ethical obligation. While the 'win-win' framing associated with the ecological modernisation and green consumption discourses is the most dominant in official UK climate change mitigation policy, PEB initiatives seem to draw on a more diverse, sometimes normative, set of framings to induce behavioural change. © 2013 Taylor & Francis.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:77449123311
|
'Ma and Pa' landlords and the 'risky' tenant: Discourses in the New Zealand private rental sector
|
Social constructions of what it means to let and rent housing are revealed in language and are intimately tied to housing outcomes for both landlords and tenants. This paper is concerned with the socially constructed identities of landlords and tenants in the private rental sector and how these are revealed in language. Fairclough's methods of discourse analysis coupled with Habermas' ideal speech situation and theory of communicative action are used to form an analytical framework for examining public debate and discourse on the private rental sector in New Zealand. It is argued that current discourses about tenants and landlords are the result of public debate and stereotypes that have failed to incorporate the experiences of tenants, and further that these stereotypes conceal the multiplicity of identities and motivations for behaviour of both landlords and tenants. © 2010 Taylor & Francis.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Ethical NLP",
"Responsible & Trustworthy NLP"
] |
[
71,
72,
17,
4
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84865000562
|
'Metaphoring' people out of this world: A Critical Discourse Analysis of a chairman's statement of a UK defence firm
|
We introduce Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), an interdisciplinary approach to analysing written and spoken texts, which provides accounting researchers with a range of resources to analyse corporate narrative documents more systematically and in more detail from a linguistic perspective. CDA addresses how the content and the linguistic features of texts influence, and are in turn influenced, by the contexts of text production, distribution, reception and adaptation, and by the wider socio-economic context in which texts are embedded. We apply Fairclough's (2003, 2006) Dialectic-Relational approach to the analysis of a chairman's statement of a UK defence firm. The focus of analysis is on the grammatical devices used to represent organisational activities and outcomes in ways which obfuscate social agency (impersonalisation) and to evaluate social actors, entities, and social events (evaluation). We find that impersonalisation and evaluation are used strategically to guide organisational audiences' interpretations of financial performance and to legitimise and normalise violence and destruction by depicting it in an abstract and sanitised manner. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:79952893292
|
'Mind you stay on the path!' The representation of the parent-child relationship in stories for children
|
It is widely accepted that stories for children may function as educational vehicles to the extent that they model and reflect expectations about children's and adults' roles and responsibilities. The educational message may be communicated directly through explicit evaluation of characters and events by the narrative voice or indirectly through the writer's representation of the main characters (their actions, experiences and words). This paper presents the findings from a comparative systemic functional linguistics-based discourse analysis of 10 modern British and Italian versions of the popular fairy tale Little Red Riding Hood. The analysis shows that - even when telling the same story - very different messages may be conveyed to children in relation to their own and their parents' responsibility for problems and solutions. It is argued that the insight provided by this study may add to the understanding of cross-cultural differences in pedagogical goals and inform the practice of storytelling in educational contexts. © 2010 Taylor & Francis.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Representation Learning"
] |
[
71,
72,
12
] |
SCOPUS_ID:0009087050
|
'Natural acquisition' and a 'masked pedagogy'
|
This paper attempts to examine critically the notion of a 'natural'acquisition of language, and to explore the history of ideas about language which underlie current second language acquisition theories and theories of language in education. It places these theories in the context of a discussion of contemporary schooling, to argue that the 'naturalizing' of achievement as ability, combined with an evaluative school structure, works to deny certain students access to the criteria of evaluation on which their access to further education depends. © 1988 Oxford University Press.
|
[
"Language Models",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories"
] |
[
52,
72,
48,
57
] |
SCOPUS_ID:62749083980
|
'Natural versus taught': Competing discourses in antenatal breastfeeding workshops
|
This article is an analysis of talk in breastfeeding workshops that are part of National Childbirth Trust antenatal classes. Using audio-recordings from breastfeeding workshops antenatal classes, the data were analysed using a qualitative, discursive methodology based in part on the premises outlined by Potter and Wetherell (1987) and Edwards and Potter (1992, 2001). The analysis demonstrates how there are two main discourses of breastfeeding constructed by the breastfeeding counsellor-breastfeeding as natural, and breastfeeding as learnt. In particular, it notes how these two main discourses of breastfeeding that are seemingly in competition with one another, operate concurrently within the teaching of breastfeeding, and enable the breastfeeding counsellor to manage issues and concerns around breastfeeding. © 2009 SAGE Publications.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:79953674369
|
'Needs only' analysis in linguistic ontogeny and phylogeny
|
Recently, linguists from several quarters have begun to unpack some of the assumptions and claims made in linguistics over the last 40 years, opening up new possibilities for synergies between linguistic theory and the variety of fields that engage with it. A key point of exploration is the relationship between external manifestations of language and the underlying mental model that produces and understands them. To what extent does it remain reasonable to argue that all humans 'know' certain things about language, even if they never demonstrate that knowledge? What is the status of knowledge that is only stimulated into expression by particular cultural input? Many have asked whether the human's linguistic behaviour can be explained with recourse to less innate knowledge than Chomskian models traditionally assume. © 2007 Springer-Verlag London.
|
[
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories"
] |
[
48,
57
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85074973924
|
'Never fry carrots without cutting.' Cooking Recipe Generation from Videos Using Deep Learning Considering Previous Process
|
Research on captioning that modifies the contents of images and moving images with natural language using deep training has had considerable results and attracted attention in recent years. In this research, we aim to generate recipe sentences from cooking videos acquired from YouTube. We treat this as image captioning and propose methods suitable for the task. We propose a method that adds a vector of a sentence already generated in the same recipe to the input of a captioning model. Then, we compare generated sentences and correct sentences to calculate scores. We also propose a data-processing method to improve accuracy. We employ several widely used metrics to evaluate image-captioning problems. We then train the same data with the simplest encoder-decoder model, compare it with correct recipe sentences, and calculate the metrics. The results indicate that my proposal methods help increase accuracy.
|
[
"Visual Data in NLP",
"Captioning",
"Text Generation",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
20,
39,
47,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84982958095
|
'New Zealand passport holder' versus 'New Zealander'? the marginalization of ethnic minorities in the news - A New Zealand case study
|
This article uses critical discourse analysis to investigate audience criticism of the news media's marginalization of ethnic minority members in New Zealand through the use of the words 'New Zealand passport holder'. Following my presentation of a case study where a group of readers objected to these words being used to describe a New Zealander with Kurdish origins, I examine the meaning and use of this descriptor at a time of increased diversity. Analysing a selection of news stories from the beginning of the new millennium, I consider aspects of journalistic practice (namely, news values and the sourcing of information), as well as the wider sociocultural context in which the articles were embedded. I argue that the media, rather than creating prejudice by using 'New Zealand passport holder', reproduced and legitimated the political and public discourse of elite groups that disassociated immigrant groups from mainstream New Zealanders. I conclude by emphasizing the ongoing need for journalist training to include an understanding of how the reproduction of the language and discourse of elite groups in news stories can have a negative effect on the representation of minorities.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85047616851
|
'Nisi per nomina': Language as the medium of thought in Hildegard of Bingen's thinking
|
This article analyses how language emerges as the medium of thought in the course of Hildegard of Bingen's writing. The article claims that the role in which language functions here is new and can be read as an answer to new intellectual developments. At the same time, the epistemology that emerges from this analysis opposes itself decidedly to the emergent scholastic philosophies and places itself squarely in the monastic tradition of using rationality to lead a moral life. The article suggests that when Hildegard situates her discussion of language in a cognitive frame and attributes to words the key role in human understanding, she is reacting to a perceived threat in the intellectual field. Her theory of language uses the most traditional forms of monastic knowledge, notably exegesis, to reclaim language as the age-old monastic form of knowing which it is. Yet in doing so, the discussion is transferred to new contexts and takes on a new form.
|
[
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories"
] |
[
48,
57
] |
SCOPUS_ID:56349132263
|
'Non-vocalization': A phonological error process in the speech of severely and profoundly hearing impaired adults, from the point of view of the theory of phonology as human behaviour
|
'Non-vocalization' (N-V) is a newly described phonological error process in hearing impaired speakers. In N-V the hearing impaired person actually articulates the phoneme but without producing a voice. The result is an error process looking as if it is produced but sounding as if it is omitted. N-V was discovered by video recording the speech of two groups, profoundly and severely hearing impaired adults in four elicitation tasks of varying difficulty, and analysing 2065 phonological error processes (substitutions, omissions, and N-V) according to 24 criteria resulting in 49,560 data points. Results, which are discussed in view of the theory 'Phonology as Human Behaviour' (PHB), indicate that: (a) The more communicative the error process was; the more effort was made for its production and the more frequent its distribution; (b) The easier the elicitation task was, the more frequent the use of communicative error processes; c) The more difficult the elicitation task was, the more frequent the use of the relatively less communicative and easier to produce error processes; and d) The process of N-V functioned like a communicative error process for the group of profoundly hearing impaired adults.
|
[
"Phonology",
"Linguistic Theories",
"Speech & Audio in NLP",
"Syntactic Text Processing",
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
6,
57,
70,
15,
48,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:66449132836
|
'Nothing in our histories': A postcolonial perspective on twelfth-century Christian Hebraism
|
This essay examines how twelfth-century Christian Hebraism, as an aspect of biblical exegesis, contributed to producing Christian knowledge of the Jewish Other. It argues that Christian Hebraism was symptomatic of strategies central to the formation of Christian identity, a process to which Jews were essential not only as foils, but as collaborators. An alternative approach to Christian Hebraism, its contributions to a volatile Christian identity, and its status as both a cause and an effect of changing relations between Jews and Christians in the period, is demonstrated by the application of postcolonial discourse analysis to the psalms commentary by Herbert of Bosham. © 2009 Brill Academic Publishers.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85120827844
|
'Nothing left to prove': Extreme walking, running, climbing
|
Our research falls within the sphere of the linguistic disciplines, and in particular of the discourse analysis of the French school, privileging lexical data and phrasal items in the corpus we have compiled. Moving beyond previous studies into running and walking, here we examine the extremes which walking, running and climbing enthusiasts can reach. In our corpus - gathered from mountain literature, essays on running and walking, blogs and websites regarding marathons and Caminos of Santiago de Compostela, novels - the notion of the extreme has both intrinsic and extrinsic values which we examine. Verticality and horizontality are a further two concepts of interest to us, linked, as they are, to these activities of the human body on the move.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84884173137
|
'Now everybody can wear a skirt': Linguistic constructions of non-heteronormativity at Eurovision Song Contest press conferences
|
This article provides an ethnographically-based, in-depth discourse analysis of linguistic constructions of non-heteronormativity at Eurovision Song Contest press conferences. Contexts of high national salience have been found to largely support or even promote heteronormative discourses. The present study, by contrast, sets out to look at the construction of sexuality in a transnational community of practice of high European salience, in which macro-level heteronormativity has to face greater competition from the non-heteronormativity of the local context. The analysis identifies the following patterns of non-heteronormative construction: non-heteronormative talk about love song lyrics and performances, the construction of male same-sex desire, and the challenging of dominant gender discourses. Finally, it is argued that the European transnationalism of the context causes a normative shift from (nationally associated) heteronormativity to an expectation that non-heterosexual identities and desires be met with greater tolerance. © The Author(s) 2013.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85009915389
|
'Off to the best start'? A multimodal critique of breast and formula feeding health promotional discourse
|
This study critically examines the multimodal discourses of baby-feeding practices in contemporary health promotion in the UK. Comparing two parallel texts from the ongoing Start4life campaign (one dedicated to breastfeeding, the other to bottle/formula feeding), our multimodal critical discourse analysis identifies a series of recurring, multisemiotic strategies through which these texts aim to promote breastfeeding as the most desirable, natural and even morally responsible method of infant nutrition. These discursive strategies, we argue, are underpinned and driven by neoliberal assumptions about infant feeding, health and risk, which fail to take into account the structural constraints that affect the take-up of the 'ideal' of breastfeeding, all the while propagating unobtainable and often contradictory notions of total motherhood and familial relations - discursive moves that can have negative consequences for the health and wellbeing of new mothers and their infants.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
71,
72,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84862331168
|
'Oh, I'm just, you know, a little bit weak because I'm going to the doctor's': Young men's talk of self-referral to primary healthcare services
|
Young men visit their general practitioner (GP) less frequently than young women and tend to utilise primary healthcare services reluctantly. This research aimed to explore the ways young men used their talk to make sense of their own masculinity in the context of their healthcare visits, and to explore the ways they used their talk to make sense of those visits in terms of multiple masculinities and gendered behaviours. This was an important area for research as previous work has not focused on young men. Interviews, lasting approximately 1 h, were conducted by a male researcher with seven men aged 22-33. Questions related to visiting the GP, attention to healthcare and help-seeking behaviours. These were analysed, using an eclectic approach informed by Foucauldian discourse analysis and discursive psychology. Participants subscribed to a hegemonic masculinity that constructed men as strong, stoical and reluctant to seek help. However, at times, these men negotiated and disengaged from such discourses. Women were constructed as immediately responding to symptoms and seeking help for minor illnesses. In contrast to traditional masculinity, the young men drew upon discourses of vulnerability and embarrassment. These results are discussed in relation to their implications for Health Psychology. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84917391464
|
'Once out of nature': The organic metaphor in Russian (and other) theories of language
|
[
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories"
] |
[
48,
57
] |
|
SCOPUS_ID:34247414281
|
'Order', as background knowledge and assumption
|
Through their interaction within the world people's actions reveal the assumption of an ordered, meaningfully patterned world. The research to follow is a discourse analytical work which looks at this issue of 'order'. The assumption of order is not a case of people attending to the world as it is in itself. It is shown that the assumption is social in origin. Any stretch of discourse can be looked at for the ways it assumes order. However, It is through interaction, and participant's mutual orientation to this assumption, that its existence as a normative characteristic of discourse is maintained and confirmed. Discourse does not self-evidently represent the object of its description. There is great flexibility in terms of how objects, events, etc., can be described. The mutual orientation of participants towards the world as ordered, along with this flexibility, works towards resolving this potential uncertainty within interaction. Participants are shown, within their own talk, to go to lengths to understand the relevance of prior discourse. They display an orientation to the world as ordered, and, in doing so, an attention to constraints as imposed upon them in terms of how they can understand another's discourse. © Walter de Gruyter.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:68249115269
|
'Out of sight but still in the picture': Short-term international assignments and the influential role of family
|
This paper focuses on the role of the family, and related issues associated with short-term international assignments from the assignees' perspective. Conceptually our study utilizes discourse analysis set within a social constructionist framework to understand these issues better. Our research is a longitudinal case study which encompasses 22 interviews with short-term assignees employed by a US-based MNC. Despite the physical absence of the family/spouse on short-term assignments, a number of family related concerns emerge in our study. First, 'single' assignees, as well as married assignees, have family related concerns. Second, extended, as well as immediate family, are influential in the assignment process. Third, long-distance family support is crucial in the wake of assignment-imposed separation. Finally, there are significant family issues associated with repatriation in the aftermath of a short-term assignment.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:34247735795
|
'Para-social interaction' - Social interaction as a matter of fact?
|
Action theories about the process of mass communication are often theories explaining the behavior of individuals dealing with a social matter. Either they describe how individuals deal with the hardware of media transfer, i.e., interaction between man and machine, or they describe the cognitive and emotional interaction between the text base and the corresponding mental model of the text, i.e., interaction between concept formation and evaluation processes in the mind of the subjects. Hence, so-called para-social interaction between media protagonists and media recipients is often reconstructed as a special kind of individual mental behavior. Both producers as well as consumers are meant to act separately and independently. On this account mass communication is often seen as communication without reciprocity. But, as will be argued in this article, it is not strictly necessary to restrict the phenomenon of para-social interaction to the social cognition of individuals. The social usage theory of language offers an instrument to conceptualize language production and language comprehension as a joint action, even if the speaker and listener cannot see each other and do not act simultaneously. This point of view may be useful for a better understanding of the reasons why and the manner in which people perform certain communicative acts in the frame of mass communication.
|
[
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories"
] |
[
48,
57
] |
SCOPUS_ID:0037292131
|
'Pragmatic weight' and face: Pronominal presence and the case of the Spanish second person singular subject pronoun tú
|
Studies of the presence or absence of the subject personal pronoun in Spanish have typically taken place within the fields of theoretical syntax or variationist sociolinguistics and have sought to correlate pronominal occurrence either with linguistic features or with speaker variables. This study places the occurrence of the second person subject pronoun tú within the framework of interactional pragmatics and investigates the potential effects of extra-linguistic factors on the linguistic choices of speakers within a broad framework of Gricean pragmatics and politeness theory. It argues that the pronoun functions as a multi-functional Gricean hedge which allows speakers both to construct a social identity and to negotiate face (their own as well as that of their interlocutor) in interpersonal interaction. The mere inclusion of the pronoun by the speaker in contravention of the Gricean maxim of quantity invites the hearer to draw an implicature; this may be discoursal and relate to the 'frames of belief' of the speaker and hearer, or conversational as in the use of the second person singular pronoun in an attempt by the speaker to cede the floor. The article focuses in particular on the use of the pronoun tú and argues that its presence responds to the face wants of speaker and hearer. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:33744515170
|
'Pre-discursive' racism
|
This paper makes the case that discourse analytic approaches in social psychology are not adequate to the task of apprehending racism in its bodily, affective and pre-symbolic dimensions. We are hence faced with a dilemma: if discursive psychology is inadequate when it comes to theorizing 'pre-discursive' forms of racism, then any attempts to develop an anti-racist strategy from such a basis will presumably exhibit the same limitations. Suggesting a rapprochement of discursive and psychoanalytic modes of analysis, I argue that Kristeva's theory of abjection provides a means of understanding racism as both historically/socially constructed and as existing at powerfully embodied, visceral and subliminal dimensions of subjectivity. Kristeva's theory of abjection provides us with an account of a 'pre-discursive' (that is, a bodily, affective, pre-symbolic) racism, a form of racism that 'comes before words', and that is routed through the logics of the body and its anxieties of distinction, separation and survival. This theory enables us, moreover, to join together the expulsive reactions of a racism of the body to both the personal racism of the ego and the broader discursive racisms of the prevailing social order. Moreover, it directs our attention to the fact that discourses of racism are always locked into a relationship with 'pre-discursive' processes which condition and augment every discursive action, which escape the codifications of discourse and which drive the urgency of its attempts at containment. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
|
[
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories",
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Sentiment Analysis",
"Emotion Analysis"
] |
[
72,
48,
57,
71,
78,
61
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85062322253
|
'Quo Vadimus?' from a Cognitive Linguistic Perspective
|
In this article, I offer some comments on the general theme "The Study of Linguistic Sign Systems in the 21st Century" of this special issue of CSS and on the individual contributions therein. I comment on topics such as the shift from form to cognition in contemporary linguistics (Zhang & Yu), the faculty of language (Chomsky, Cowley), sign systems and their use by nonhuman organisms (Pable), the nature of the linguistic sign and its indeterminacy (Zhang & Yu, Pable, Liszka, and Cowley). One focus is the debate between "nativists" and "non-nativists", i.e. the question whether the language faculty is inborn or explainable by non-specialized cognitive learning mechanisms. My own conception of language and communication, which is inspired by cognitive linguistics and contemporary pragmatics, regards language as a sign system of conventional form-meaning pairs. Successful human communication requires socio-cultural skills such as cooperative behavior and the ability to infer non-coded meanings.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:3142669362
|
'Race' and the human genome project: Constructions of scientific legitimacy
|
At the public announcement of the completion of a draft map of the human genome (June 2000), Craig Venter, Head of Celera Genomics and chief private scientist involved with the Human Genome Project, claimed that 'race' was not a scientifically valid construct. This statement, based on an analysis of the genomes of five people of different ethnicities, has not served to end the considerable discussion and debate surrounding the concept of 'race'. Using a social constructionist and critical discursive approach, this study analyses text and talk associated with the debate on the scientific validity of the concept 'race'. Given the problematic and highly contested nature of this concept, the present research examines, closely and in detail, a range of ways in which constructions of truth are worked up in scientific discourse. In particular, we analyse the ways in which empiricist and contingent repertoires within scientific discourse are mobilized to establish and contest claims of objectivity and facticity. We also examine a range of rhetorical devices deployed by protagonists in the debate to warrant particular truth claims including quantification rhetoric and the 'Truth Will Out Device' (TWOD). We conclude that despite the promissory representation of the Human Genome Project as having produced scientific evidence to discredit the biological legitimacy of 'race', the concept is likely to persist in both popular and scientific usage.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
http://arxiv.org/abs/2212.08700v1
|
'Rarely' a problem? Language models exhibit inverse scaling in their predictions following 'few'-type quantifiers
|
Language Models appear to perform poorly on quantification. We ask how badly. 'Few'-type quantifiers, as in 'few children like vegetables' might pose a particular challenge for Language Models, since the sentence components without the quantifier are likely to co-occur, and because 'few'-type quantifiers are rare. We present 960 sentences stimuli from two human neurolinguistic experiments to 22 autoregressive transformer models of differing sizes. Not only do the models perform poorly on 'few'-type quantifiers, but overall the larger the model, the worse its performance. We interpret this inverse scaling as suggesting that larger models increasingly reflect online rather than offline human processing, and argue that decreasing performance of larger models may challenge uses of Language Models as the basis for Natural Language Systems.
|
[
"Language Models",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
52,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:38749152633
|
'Reality construction' in L2 simulations
|
Using the ethnomethodological and conversation-analytic perspectives, this paper points out some directions for the sociological and linguistic analysis of simulation-games, based on the close inspection of video-recordings of actual examples of L2 learner game participation. Particular attention is focused on the game participant's own communicative activities and practices in sustaining the simulation game and in manifesting to each other that it is a simulation and 'nor to be taken literally', e.g. in language alternation (code switching). In pursuing this case, the authors argue against an analysis based on Erving Goffman's Frame Theory; instead of the simulation 'frame' giving rise to participants' actions and practices, it is argued that the reverse is the case. The simulation is treated as a locus of an array of conversational practices termed a 'formal speech exchange system', with features such as: (1) the 'pre-allocation' of turns at talk and of turn types, and (2) the working through of a 'pre-set' topic. It is argued that the transaction of a simulation game unrelievedly requires that participants utilize their currently-based 'commonsense' reasoning and communicative procedures (e.g. in describing and displaying their game categorizations), and several ways in which this is the case are indicated. © 1985.
|
[
"Commonsense Reasoning",
"Reasoning"
] |
[
62,
8
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84880657910
|
'Realness' in chatbots: Establishing quantifiable criteria
|
The aim of this research is to generate measurable evaluation criteria acceptable to chatbot users. Results of two studies are summarised. In the first, fourteen participants were asked to do a critical incident analysis of their transcriptions with an ELIZA-type chatbot. Results were content analysed, and yielded seven overall themes. In the second, these themes were made into statements of an attitude-like nature, and 20 participants chatted with five winning entrants in the 2011 Chatterbox Challenge and five which failed to place. Latent variable analysis reduced the themes to four, resulting in four subscales with strong reliability which discriminated well between the two categories of chatbots. Content analysis of freeform comments led to a proposal of four dimensions along which people judge the naturalness of a conversation with chatbots. © 2013 Springer-Verlag.
|
[
"Natural Language Interfaces",
"Dialogue Systems & Conversational Agents"
] |
[
11,
38
] |
SCOPUS_ID:13244262750
|
'Recast' in a new light: Insights for practice from typical language studies
|
This article reviews the nature and function of recasts, a well-documented way of responding to young children. The paper challenges the definition of recast and argues that it is too broad a category to be useful, either for theories of language development or for practice. In particular, various forms of recast have featured in intervention programmes for children with language difficulties, but with mixed success. This review provides a theoretically motivated account of just those recasts that are likely to benefit children with language difficulties. To this end, the Contrast theory of corrective input is invoked, where the focus is on adult models that are directly contingent on child errors (Saxton, 1997). Both theoretical and empirical evidence suggests that this kind of input can facilitate the acquisition of adult-like grammatical competence.
|
[
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories"
] |
[
48,
57
] |
SCOPUS_ID:0038388306
|
'Relatively speaking': Relativisation of genetic risk in counselling for predictive testing
|
The activity of risk communication in the healthcare setting is contingent upon the associated notions of uncertainty, normality and decision making. Focusing on the context of counselling for predictive genetic testing, we point out that because there is 'medical' uncertainty surrounding such testing, the discourse of risk assessment concerning an unwanted event is articulated in terms of the likelihood (in objective, probabilistic language) and the relative aversiveness (in subjective, evaluative language) of the different possible test results. Our data, taken from counselling clinics for Huntington's Disease and Familial Cancers (of the breast and colon), allow us to make a distinction between the risk that the genetic disorder will manifest (the 'risk of occurrence of disease') and the risk that might arise from undergoing genetic tests to clarify that risk (the 'risk of knowing'). In a given counselling session, both types of risk-the strictly genetic risk of occurrence of disease, and the more contextual risk of 'knowing'-become conflated, and in fact the risk of occurrence of disease is understood in the light of the other, external risk factors. We suggest the analytic notion of relativisation to capture this dynamics and go on to identify six discourse strategies that are used by participants, i.e., abstraction, reformulation, externalisation, localisation, temporalisation and agentivisation. Although it is not possible to determine the exact valency of these discourse strategies and plot them into a continuum, we argue that these strategy-types are selectively and cumulatively drawn upon by both counsellors and clients so as to escalate or de-escalate the risks under discussion. These manoeuvres serve as a way of managing the pragmatically informed decision-making process, while simultaneously attending to the relevant epistemological levels of uncertainty.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85062096422
|
'Revyew' Hotel Maintenance Issue Classifier and Analyzer using Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing
|
Hospitality and tourism industry websites attract a lot of customers that book hotels on a regular basis. The modern trend to book hotels is through online websites due to the convenience and discounts offered. When a customer visits a hotel they usually post a positive or negative review about their experience on the respective booking website. Identifying maintenance related issues from these reviews is a major problem that even most large hotel chains face. There are many applications for customers related to that area (such as hotel aggregators) but there are only a very few applications for the hotel management to improve their workflow and provide a better service to the customers. This research is to explore a method to analyze hotel reviews and extract maintenance related problems and present them in a user-friendly manner for the hotel management to take the necessary action. It explores the use of machine learning techniques such as binary classifiers, multiclass classifiers along with natural language processing techniques such as sentiment analysis to extract maintenance related issues from text and categorize the issues. A publicly available data source of reviews was used to test and the results show that the SVM classifier performs best for both cases.
|
[
"Information Extraction & Text Mining",
"Information Retrieval",
"Text Classification",
"Sentiment Analysis"
] |
[
3,
24,
36,
78
] |
SCOPUS_ID:0038629136
|
'SLI', a generic category of language impairment that emerges from specific differences: A case study of two individual linguistic profiles
|
This paper looks at data taken from two school-aged children labelled as 'SLI' and examines their individual linguistic profiles both at the outset of a specific therapy intervention and approximately 1 year later. The study sought to assess their language abilities within a conversational context and to assess the efficacy of a particular area of their therapy programme. Differences in the two children's individual LARSP profiles raised questions relating to (a) the overall usefulness of 'SLI' as a diagnostic category of disorder, and (b) the need for greater use of detailed syntactic analysis by Speech Language Pathologists in both diagnostics and in implementing therapy programmes.
|
[
"Programming Languages in NLP",
"Syntactic Text Processing",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
55,
15,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84940048515
|
'Saying sorry' in Turkey: The dersim massacre of the 1930s in 2011
|
Dominant self-complacent national narratives (not only) in Turkey have long silenced past wrongdoings. Among these, the massacre of thousands of Kurds in Dersim during the 1930s, being part of the wider suppression of the Kurdish minority until the present day, is a particularly significant example. However, against the background of an almost global emphasis on recognising past crimes, the Turkish Prime Minister, Recep Tayyip Erdǒan, offered an apology on 23 November 2011. Erdǒan's unexpected move has been both viewed as an opportunity for a more inclusive understanding of Turkish citizenship, as well as criticised for being a calculated manoeuvre in order to sideline political opponents. In this article, we investigate both this performance and its public reception. Drawing on the discourse-historical approach to critical discourse analysis, we ultimately illustrate how Erdǒan instrumentalised an 'apology' for political gain.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85011409944
|
'School? You go because you have to' the linguistic worldview of 'school' in Polish and American teen internet discourse
|
This cross-cultural project applies current theories in Cognitive Linguistics to the issue of youth (dis)engagement in the high school setting. Specifically, it analyses American and Polish youth speech from online forums and dictionaries according to five main categories: the institution of school, the place of school, the people of school, the activities of school and the emotions of school. The analysis presents these lexical expressions grouped according to metaphorical source domain in order to better understand how teenagers in each culture conceptualize SCHOOL. The discussion summarises the analy-sis for each country, whereas the conclusion compares the two and makes comments on the implication for theories of language and education. The aims of this paper are three-fold: to increase understanding of the ways in which youth view their time in the classroom, to provide a comparative analysis that will shed light on cultural differences in the conceptualization of SCHOOL and its linguistic expression, and to highlight examples of metaphors that value school and the educational process so that these conceptual mappings can receive more emphasis in both countries.
|
[
"Cognitive Modeling",
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories"
] |
[
2,
48,
57
] |
SCOPUS_ID:33751533956
|
'Science', representation and resistance: The Bt cotton debate in Andhra Pradesh, India
|
Transgenic cotton is promoted in India on the basis that it will improve rural livelihoods, but such claims are contested on the basis that they are 'unscientific'. In this study, discourse analysis is utilized to deconstruct the environmental and scientific narratives employed by two key actors (Monsanto-Mahyco and the Deccan Development Society) in the debate in India. Whilst strong differences in the ideology of the two actors are found to account for their approaches to managing the environment, significant similarities in their approach to science and their recourse to Foucauldian governmentality are also evident. The conclusion considers how the use of discourse analysis could empower the rural poor to take part in the debate in India. © 2006 The Author(s). Journal compilation © The Royal Geographical Society with The Institute of British Geographers.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Representation Learning"
] |
[
71,
72,
12
] |
SCOPUS_ID:35648944859
|
'She was workin like foreal': Critical literacy and discourse practices of African American females in the age of hip hop
|
This study explores some ways young black women negotiate stereotypical and hegemonic representations of black men and women as sexual savages in mass media, especially as they appear in rap music videos. The objective of the article is to examine how young black women make meaning of these images, in short, how they read rap texts in relation to their experiences of the world as black women. The article aims to: (1) add to the extant research literature on black discourse practices and African American female literacies; (2) demonstrate the complex language, literacy and knowledge-making capacity that exists among young black women who participate in hip hop youth culture, to inform the approaches to the resolution of these complex issues by concerned educators, community activists, and policy makers. I begin by briefly outlining relevant literature in black gender and race studies, and studies of discourse and literacy that will serve my analysis of the young women's discourse practices. Copyright © 2007 SAGE Publications.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:39649086497
|
'Show me more': Incremental length summarisation using novelty detection
|
The paper presents a study investigating the effects of incorporating novelty detection in automatic text summarisation. Condensing a textual document, automatic text summarisation can reduce the need to refer to the source document. It also offers a means to deliver device-friendly content when accessing information in non-traditional environments. An effective method of summarisation could be to produce a summary that includes only novel information. However, a consequence of focusing exclusively on novel parts may result in a loss of context, which may have an impact on the correct interpretation of the summary, with respect to the source document. In this study we compare two strategies to produce summaries that incorporate novelty in different ways: a constant length summary, which contains only novel sentences, and an incremental summary, containing additional sentences that provide context. The aim is to establish whether a summary that contains only novel sentences provides sufficient basis to determine relevance of a document, or if indeed we need to include additional sentences to provide context. Findings from the study seem to suggest that there is only a minimal difference in performance for the tasks we set our users and that the presence of contextual information is not so important. However, for the case of mobile information access, a summary that contains only novel information does offer benefits, given bandwidth constraints. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
[
"Summarization",
"Text Generation",
"Information Extraction & Text Mining"
] |
[
30,
47,
3
] |
SCOPUS_ID:0033557479
|
'Small group' rehabilitation in adolescent coclear implant users: Aims, method and results
|
The aim was to extend the linguistic, social and cognitive aspects of communication skills. The method was to use meaningful contexts and to attribute new significance to errors. Methods used were phonetic games (to improve speech production) and exercises (to increase reading and writing skills). The results after 18 months of group rehabilitation are presented.
|
[
"Phonetics",
"Syntactic Text Processing"
] |
[
64,
15
] |
SCOPUS_ID:56949108349
|
'Social phonology' in the USSR in the 1920s
|
In the 1920s and 1930s, some of the most talented linguists of the Soviet Union, among whom one can highlight N.F. Jakovlev and E.D. Polivanov, were involved in the process of "language building". Their role in the success of this process is examined from the point of view of the phonological theory that they developed for creating scripts for the numerous peoples of the Soviet Union, Turkic and Caucasian above all. Jakovlev's phonology, that Polivanov termed "social phonology", was very different from the one that N. Trubetskoj proposed some 10 years later. We will try to explain their ambitious script projects, which remain difficult to understand from the point of view of the modern phonology. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
|
[
"Phonology",
"Syntactic Text Processing"
] |
[
6,
15
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84871109112
|
'Soft power', educational governance and political consensus in Brazil
|
This article analyses the 'soft power' that the Federal Government of Brazil has gained by designing and implementing a very ambitious Plan for the Development of Education. It draws on fieldwork carried out in the country in 2009 and 2010 in order to conduct a discourse analysis of the strategy deployed by the key political agents. The results show to what extent the Federal Government has used some catchwords to underpin a general consensus. It has also convinced the international organisations and civil society organisations that the 'programme ontology' of the programme (e.g. hypotheses on the beneficial impacts of multi-dimensional intervention) is reliable enough to wait for a decade until having a whole evaluation. However, since these agents eventually recall varied kinds of political mobilisation, some contradictions and tensions are already apparent. In general, the analysis unveils a complex interplay of national and supranational politics of education. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Programming Languages in NLP",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
71,
55,
72,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85006757899
|
'Speak well' or 'complain' about your teacher: A contribution of education data mining in the evaluation of teaching practices
|
This paper is part of a doctoral thesis that aims to propose an evaluation model, for later application, using Educational Data Mining techniques to analyze the responses of students obtained during an Institutional Teaching Evaluation. Therefore, the authors propose an Institutional Teaching Evaluation model that applies, among others, the Sentiment Analysis to identify which teaching practices are positive or negative from the perspective of students from a Higher Education Institution. Differently than the current Institutional Teaching Evaluation models, which are founded on the evaluators' assumptions, this model responds to the need of better pedagogical practices through data mining, finding new categories of analysis in the discourse of a group of students to contribute to the conception of a more effective Teaching Evaluation and to create awareness about teaching practices.
|
[
"Sentiment Analysis"
] |
[
78
] |
SCOPUS_ID:80053004882
|
'Speaking' deficit into (or out of) existence: How language constrains classroom teachers' knowledge about instructing diverse learners
|
This article explores the talk among novice teachers who participated in an inquiry project designed to rethink the instruction for their struggling students by drawing upon competence rather than deficiencies. A critical discourse analysis (CDA) based on theories of systemic functional linguistics and CDA provided tools to explore how their use of language afforded or constrained their efforts to better serve diverse learners in their urban elementary classrooms. The analysis indicates the power of normative and deficit discourses that continue to predominate within educational culture. It reflects on this analysis and discusses potential benefits of centralising language awareness and a social/critical lens to ongoing professional development. © 2011 Taylor & Francis.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85092210186
|
'Split selves' in fiction and in medical 'life stories': Cognitive linguistic theory and narrative practice
|
[
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories"
] |
[
48,
57
] |
|
SCOPUS_ID:54249128759
|
'Taking advantage'or fleeing persecution? Opposing accounts of asylum seeking
|
This paper discursively analyses advocates' explanations of asylum seeking in the 2001 Australian parliamentary debates. Previous research has mapped the negative discourses used to present asylum seekers as economic migrants 'taking advantage' of soft laws. This paper analyses how advocates oppose this rhetoric, re-categorising asylum seekers as potential refugees, and establishing Australia as legally and morally responsible for providing protection. This paper examines three influences shaping advocates' arguments: opposing anti-asylum seeker rhetoric; theories of the formation of anti-asylum seeker public opinion; and the parliamentary and wider liberal democratic intellectual political framework. It then analyses four extracts taken from political speeches in the parliament, focussing on the rhetorical strategies used to counter a pervasive 'culture of disbelief' against asylum seekers. © The author 2008 Journal compilation © 2008 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:42549132200
|
'Taking charge of your health': Discourses of responsibility in English-Canadian women's magazines
|
This article presents an examination of the ways in which responsibility for health is constructed in popular English-Canadian women's magazines. Women's magazines are a unique media form, acting as guidebooks for women on matters relating to feminine gender roles and are important to examine as part of the corpus of societal discourses which frame our understandings of what it means to be healthy and how good health is achieved. Using discourse analysis several techniques were found which reinforce women's individual responsibility to create and maintain good health for themselves and their families. The magazines instruct women/readers directly about their health-related responsibilities and outline the negative consequences of inaction or incorrect action. The magazines also use the traditional discursive technique of women's personal accounts as both cautionary tales and inspirational stories to encourage readers to actively pursue healthy behaviours. Reflecting and reinforcing the discourse of healthism, women's magazines consistently present health as an important individual responsibility and a moral imperative which creates an entrepreneurial subject position for women. The article concludes by discussing the implications for women's magazine audiences within the ongoing feminist debate about this cultural industry. © 2007 Foundation for the Sociology of Health & Illness/Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Responsible & Trustworthy NLP"
] |
[
71,
72,
4
] |
SCOPUS_ID:63849286270
|
'That's not treating you as a professional': Teachers constructing complex professional identities through talk
|
Public debates about the role of teachers and teacher performance place teachers at the center of a range of national and local discourses. The notion of teacher professional identity, therefore, framed in a variety of ways, engages people across social contexts, whether as educators, parents, students, taxpayers, voters or consumers of news and popular media. These highly contested discourses about teachers' roles and responsibilities constitute an important context for research on teachers and teaching, as researchers and educators ask how changes to the teaching profession affect teacher professional identity. This article investigates the identity talk of three mid-career teachers in an urban, public school in the USA, to better understand how the teachers used language to accomplish complex professional identities. Research approaches to teacher identity often focus on teacher narrative as a key tool in identity formation. The analysis presented here extends our understanding of language as a resource in teacher identity construction by using discourse analysis to investigate how speakers use implicit meaning to accomplish the role identity of teacher. The analytical lens draws on an interdisciplinary framework that combines a sociological approach to teacher as a role identity with an investigation of language as a cultural practice, grounded in the ethnography of communication. The analysis focuses on how teachers use specific discourse strategies - reported speech, mimicked speech, pronoun shifts, oppositional portraits, and juxtaposition of explicit claims - to construct implicit identity claims that, while they are not stated directly, are central to accomplishing teacher as a role identity. The analysis presented here focuses on the particular implicit role claim of teacher as collaborator. Findings show that, in their identity talk, the teachers strategically positioned themselves in relation to others and to institutional practices, actively negotiating competing discourses about teacher identity by engaging in a counter discourse emphasizing teachers' professional role as knowledge producers rather than information deliverers, collaborative, rather than isolated, and as agents of change engaged in critical analysis to plan action. Awareness of how these counter discourses operate in the teachers' conversation helps us better understand the cultural significance of identity talk as a site for the negotiation of the significances for the role identity of teacher. In addition, the notions of role identity and implicit identity claims offer an accessible way to talk about the complexity of teacher identity, which can be helpful for increasing awareness of the importance of teacher identity in teacher education and professional development, and in bringing teachers' voices more prominently into the debates over education.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Speech & Audio in NLP",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
71,
72,
70,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84963641161
|
'That's what i call a man': Representations of racialised and classed masculinities in the UK print media
|
According to Raewyn Connell, 'being a man' involves actively positioning one's self in relation to culturally dominant images of masculinity. Yet, crucially, these images change depending on the social and historical context. In this paper, we examine contemporary discourses of masculinity as they are represented in the British press. In particular, we focus on the ways in which masculine representations are both racialised and classed, and how they are positioned in relation to one another within a broader ideological field of gender and power. Analyses are based on a quantitative and qualitative analysis of a large corpus (44.1 million words) of newspaper articles on masculinity that appeared in the UK between 2003 and 2011. Our findings underscore the importance of adopting an intersectional approach to the study of language and masculinity, and provide support for recent critical re-evaluations of the foundational concept of hegemonic masculinity.
|
[
"Visual Data in NLP",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Representation Learning",
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
20,
72,
12,
71,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:79959457139
|
'The black dog just came and sat on my face and built a kennel': Gay men making sense of 'depression'
|
This article reports on in-depth interviews with gay men about their experiences and understanding of depression. It is a key outcome of the collaboration between social researchers, general practitioners and community partners to investigate the management of depression in gay men in primary care settings. As part of the qualitative arm of the project in-depth interviews were conducted with 40 gay men in Sydney and Adelaide (Australia). The approach to discourse analysis is informed by Hallidayan systemic functional linguistics. Six constructions of depression were identified: (1) depression as a constellation of symptoms; (2) symptoms constructed as experience; (3) depression as agent; (4) depression as mental processes; (5) not meeting social expectations; and (6) engaging with psychiatric discourse: constructing alternative positions. Gay men draw on the biomedical model of depression as low mood and loss of pleasure as well as on constructions of depression in terms of social experience. The biomedical model of depression is, however, not positioned as unproblematic. Rather, gay men align or disalign with this discourse according to their own experience, thereby enacting diverse masculinities. Gay men's discourses of depression are inextricably linked to the community activism of gay men and their community organizations in the context of the HIV epidemic, as well as a synergy between gay men and their doctors. © The Author(s) 2010.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:34248693889
|
'The fool sees with his nose': Metaphoric mappings in the sense of smell in Patrick Süskind's Perfume
|
Based on linguistic studies of perception verbs and on a general cognitive-linguistic premise of embodiment as a fundamental factor for explaining aspects of language behaviour, the article seeks to examine the representation of smell in the novel Perfume by Patrick Süskind. It argues that there are cognitive and experiential motivations for the metaphoric mappings in the sense of smell in the novel. Our cognitive model of the external world, as far as it is based on perception, derives mainly from the sense of vision, a fact that provides motivated explanation for certain aspects of language structure. We see and know through our eyes, and a representation of the world through an alternative modality should resort to equally alternative ways of expression. A study and an explanation of these alternative ways are then offered. That an analysis of linguistic structure can be seen to contribute to an overall understanding of a complex work like Perfume is taken to add validity to the theoretical claims on which the analysis is based. Copyright © 2003 SAGE Publications.
|
[
"Explainability & Interpretability in NLP",
"Cognitive Modeling",
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Responsible & Trustworthy NLP"
] |
[
81,
2,
48,
4
] |
SCOPUS_ID:2942562855
|
'The good nurse': Visions and values in images of the nurse
|
Background. The various ways in which the nurse has been publicly portrayed do not merely reflect the value of nursing in society, but also define the boundaries of nursing, and reveal the ideologies and systems of power-brokerage at work in shaping nursing. Therefore, it is of profound interest to the profession to continue to examine the ways in which the nurse is and has been portrayed. Aim. This paper aims to present a historical analysis of the image of the nurse in public discourses in Ireland. Methods. Using a framework of critical discourse analysis within the method of historical research, the paper draws on documentary primary sources to present an analysis of discourse concerning the 'good nurse'. Findings. In exposing the diverse ways in which the nurse has been depicted in Irish public discourses, the origins of the 'good nurse' ideal are identified, the reasons for its continued promotion are critically examined, and the effects of the ideal on the development of nursing in Ireland are considered. Conclusions. While the ways in which Irish nurses have been depicted in public discourses have similarities with international nursing imagery, the 'good nurse' ideal has a uniquely Irish expression, indicating that the image of the nurse is both culture-specific and changes to reflect the underlying sociocultural context, and prevailing system of political power and influence.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Visual Data in NLP",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
71,
20,
72,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84937200474
|
'The good old days': An examination of nostalgia in Facebook posts
|
Abstract Humans are reflective, adaptive, and social. They recall the past, sometimes discuss these recollections with others and become nostalgic; yet, previous research has not examined nostalgia in social media. This paper investigates the expression of nostalgia within Facebook conversations. The specific themes of nostalgic longing and the expression of personal emotions are investigated in two studies. Study 1 examines 375,857 Facebook posts, and Study 2 expands on this by comparing a sample of 10,000 Facebook and 10,000 general (non-nostalgic) posts. Content analyses of these posts reveal significant evidence of nostalgic expressions in Facebook conversations. Cluster analysis reveals newer themes of nostalgic longing related to family, life stories, historical events (presidential elections, man on the moon and Gandhi), spirituality, appreciation of life, romanticism and fun. General posts tend to focus on spontaneous, spur-of-the-moment greetings, emotions, and day of the week. Nostalgic posts, in contrast, are more reflective, more emotional, and frequently include both positive and negative emotions, which is consistent with a deeper, bittersweet character to nostalgia. The concurrent utilization of past- and present-tense words in nostalgic posts suggests that, for some Facebook users, nostalgia helps interpret and navigate present circumstances. The research concludes with theoretical and managerial implications.
|
[
"Emotion Analysis",
"Sentiment Analysis"
] |
[
61,
78
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85058000368
|
'The king, my lord, wrote me in a tablet: "⋯"' (EA 149:54-55): Direct citation and communication in the Syro-Canaanite El-Amarna letters
|
This paper examines the use of direct citation in the correspondence between the Egyptian Pharaoh and his officials and his Syro-Canaan vassals in the El-Amarna archive. A frequent phenomenon in the modern and ancient world alike, direct citation serves to support the writer's claims, lay the blame on or absolve others, demonstrate loyalty, and depict distress. The examples adduced fall into four categories: authoritative, third-party, confirmative, and fabricated/imaginary speech. Raising the question of the validity of applying modern linguistic theories to ancient sources, these types are analysed in the light of the international diplomacy that flourished in the Fertile Crescent during the 14th-century BCE.
|
[
"Multimodality",
"Structured Data in NLP",
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories"
] |
[
74,
50,
48,
57
] |
SCOPUS_ID:80054747822
|
'The lady is a closet feminist!' discourses of backlash and postfeminism in british and american newspapers
|
This article examines news reports of the second-wave feminist movement during its most active political period (1968-82) in British and American newspapers, and specifically focuses on the ways postfeminist discourses were constructed and deployed. While most accounts of postfeminism relate to American cultural texts from the 1990s to the present day, they ignore (or are unaware of) the ways such discourses were constructed before this, or in different cultural contexts. In this article, I argue that postfeminist discourses are evident throughout the 1970s, during the height of the second-wave feminist movement, and that many of these discourses differed between the countries as a result of unique socio-cultural contexts, and the ways the women's movements evolved. That postfeminist discourses emerged early on indicates the extent to which patriarchal and capitalist ideologies contested feminist critiques from an early stage, demonstrating that notions of feminism's eventual illegitimacy and hence its redundancy were not constructed overnight, but took years to achieve hegemony. © The Author(s) 2011.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84860467489
|
'The next teacher is going to be... Tereza Rico': Exploring gender positioning in an all-girl preschool classroom
|
This article sets out a Feminist Poststructuralist Discourse Analysis, FPDA, approach to examine gender positioning in an all-girls preschool classroom in Colombia where English is mostly taught/learnt as a foreign language (EFL). After selectively describing findings in the field of gender and young children's language use and concentrating on features of poststructuralism, I move on to briefly sketch FPDA. Then the analysis of an EFL class segment called Talk Circle will be developed. I will posit that the EFL classroom seems to be an environment in which femininities could be constructed and encouraged, or diminished and constrained through the interplay of competing discourses. Finally, I will mention an avenue for further research for those interested in the discursive analysis of gender, early childhood and EFL education using FPDA.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85076247044
|
'The nirbhaya who lived': Conflicting discourses and shifting ideologies in Femina's linguistic representations of rape victims and their perpetrators
|
This article examines representations of sexual violence in Femina, an Englishlanguage women's lifestyle magazine aimed at middle-class Indian women. A story of rape, written from the perspective of the victim, a lower-caste Indian woman is analysed using feminist critical discourse analysis. The analytical interest here rests on tensions within the magazine, vis-à-vis Femina purportedly aims to empower all women, yet in its mediation of rape, this is achieved through a process of othering. The voices of the magazine's text producers and the rape victim storyteller are compared to reveal conflicting differences and shifting ideologies in their framing of events. Through intertextual reference, the magazine distinguishes between endemic or 'simple' and 'real' rape cases in terms of caste-based inequalities claiming that endemic rape cases do not attract media attention because of the victim's low social and economic status. This presents an issue since Femina appeals to high income, independent middle- class women to come to the rescue of lower-caste women, thus reinforcing a power dynamic between them.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Representation Learning"
] |
[
71,
72,
12
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85032285304
|
'Their whole community might be watching them': Teacher and pupil constructions of Muslim girls' aspirations and the role of their families and the community
|
The purpose of the study was to explore discursive constructions relating to Muslim girls' aspirations and the role of their families and communities. This focus was chosen following an initial review of the literature which suggested that there has been a significant change in the discourses relating to Muslim young people in education. Research in the early 1990s suggested that Muslim girls were positioned as highly motivated with supportive and ambitious parents, whereas research in the late 1990s and early 2000s suggested that Muslim girls are positioned as oppressed by their families and communities. In the present study, Foucauldian discourse analysis was used to analyse data from teacher interviews and a focus group of Muslim girls. The findings from the teacher interviews portrayed the girls as being subject to oppression from their families and also the wider community. In contrast, the constructions from the focus group were more varied and emphasised the girls' ability to make active decisions. The study reiterated the importance of Educational Psychologists (EPs) understanding the dominant discourses in schools in order to avoid inadvertently perpetuating negative discourses. Suggestions are made about the implications of the present study for EP practice. Questions are raised about the way parents are involved in EP work given the negative discourses relating to parents and the community.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84871882449
|
'There are radical Muslims and normal Muslims': An analysis of the discourse on Islamic extremism
|
In this article the author develops a multi-perspective and poly-methodical model for discourse analysis and tests it by analysing data generated through focus-group discussions on Muslim-Christian relations in Tanzania and Indonesia. By doing so, he aims to demonstrate the use and usefulness of sociocognitive discourse analysis in religious studies. First he outlines and refines an approach to discourse analysis based on Norman Fairclough. Next he describes how he uses this approach in his fieldwork, focusing on discourses on Muslim extremists in Tanzania and Indonesia. Finally he concludes that the prospects of sociocognitive discourse analysis look promising and discusses some controversial issues that yet have to be resolved. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85091748250
|
'There's only one pot of money it can come from': A corpus-based analysis of the international baccalaureate in Canada's Provinces
|
This study has a dual purpose: (1) to show how computer-assisted discourse analysis of a 1.5-million-word specialized corpus can uncover patterns of language use that provide insights into the beliefs and values of a particular social group, making possible a 'new way of looking at old puzzles' (Stubbs, 2010); and (2) to examine how the International Baccalaureate (IB) is represented in the Canadian provincial context. Although keywords reveal lexical differences in how the IB is represented in each province, in-depth contextual analysis indicates a similarity of concerns, particularly with regard to funding and cost of IB programs.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:78049399065
|
'These psychiatrists rate themselves as gods': Disengagement and engagement discourses of people living with severe mental illness
|
Positioning analysis, a variant of discourse analysis, was used to explore the narratives of 40 psychiatric patients (11 females and 29 males; mean age = 40 years) who had manifest difficulties with engagement with statutory mental health services. Positioning analysis is a qualitative method that captures how people linguistically position the roles and identities of themselves and others in their day-to-day lives and narratives. The language of disengagement incorporated the passive positioning of self in relation to their lives and treatment through the use of metaphor, the passive voice and them and us attribution, while the discourse of engagement incorporated more active positioning of self, achieved through the use of the personal pronoun we and metaphoric references to balanced relationships. The findings corroborate previous thematic analysis that highlighted the importance of identity and agency in the 'making or breaking' of therapeutic relationships (Priebe et al. 2005). Implications are discussed in relation to how positioning analysis may help signal and emphasize important life and therapeutic experiences in spoken narratives as well as clinical consultations. Copyright © Equinox Publishing Ltd London.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:78651066782
|
'They all said you could come and speak to us': Patients' expectations and experiences of help on an acute psychiatric inpatient ward
|
Accessible summary: Acute psychiatric inpatient care (acute care) is a part of the mental health care continuum. People are admitted to acute care when they are not able to be treated safely in the community.. Interviews with 13 people who had been patients on an acute ward highlighted their expectation that they would receive help through talking with the nurses while on the ward.. Participants were expected to ask for help from the nurses who said they could come and talk. They perceived that the nurses were always too busy to talk. Many of the tasks that the nurses were observed doing were perceived as 'non-nursing' tasks.. Participants supported each other because they didn't feel they were getting the help they needed from the nurses. While some participants reported this as helpful, others found it added to their emotional burden.Acute psychiatric inpatient care forms an integral part of mental health services. Few studies have focussed on the patient experience of acute care. Research into patient experience is increasingly important to policy and service development processes. Knowledge of patient experiences facilitates the development of nursing practice. The aim of the study was to gain insight into the experience of being a patient on an acute inpatient psychiatric ward. Thirteen participants were recruited from the acute ward. Unstructured interviews were used to gather narrative data of their experiences. Holistic analysis of the narratives was informed by Gee's socio-linguistic theories that meaning is linked to narrative structure. Reading of the holistic analyses yielded themes of help, safety and power running across the participants' experiences. The patient experience was characterized by dissonance between expectation and experience, the search for a nurse-patient relationship and the development of strategies to cope with being on the acute ward. This paper focuses on the theme of 'Help' where participants describe their expectation that they will receive help through the development of relationships with the nurses, and their experience of the barriers to this. In response, participants developed strategies to support each other. © 2010 Blackwell Publishing.
|
[
"Responsible & Trustworthy NLP",
"Ethical NLP",
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories"
] |
[
4,
17,
48,
57
] |
SCOPUS_ID:34250339973
|
'They don't have that feeling'. The attribution of linguistic resources to multilingual students in a primary school
|
This article explores the attribution of linguistic resources to multilingual students in a primary school in the Netherlands. Drawing on an ethnographic study of a regular, multicultural classroom, it describes patterns of attribution emerging from observations of classroom activities and interviews with the teacher. Its focus is on the discrepancies between linguistic resources implied in classroom activities and those attributed to the students in the teacher's retrospective accounts of those activities. It shows how mistakes in the construction of sentences made by individual students are attributed to a lack of a certain 'feeling' for word order and overgeneralized to account for all 'foreign children'. A review of the students' mistakes puts the lack of a feeling for 'how we say that in the Netherlands' into perspective. Two questions are addressed in discussing these outcomes. First, what discourses may have informed the observed patterns of attribution? Second, is it feasible or indeed necessary for language teaching in multilingual contexts to make accurate attributions? © 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
|
[
"Multilinguality"
] |
[
0
] |
SCOPUS_ID:72249086015
|
'They have lost their identity but not gained a British one': Non-traditional multilingual students in higher education in the United Kingdom
|
This paper looks at the intersection between higher education, language and identity in Britain. It examines the reflections of minority ethnic graduates on their undergraduate studies in a new university in London. The graduates are from widening participation backgrounds and are multilingual. The paper explores how these graduates experienced their 'linguistic journey' in higher education with a focus on the development of multilingual identities and the ways in which multilingual resources are given scant recognition in UK universities. The context is set by giving an overview of government discourses on multilingualism and discussing how the United Kingdom has attempted to manage multilingual learners in educational settings. This is illustrated by four multilingual graduates' stories. These stories are indicative of how UK universities reproduce the monolingual ethos common in much of British society, either by ignoring the linguistic repertoires of their minority ethnic students, or by treating these as problematic. The paper argues that UK universities need to be imagined as multilingual spaces that respect the needs of minority ethnic students and appreciate the cultural and linguistic resources that this diverse group of students bring into the higher education sector. © 2010 Taylor & Francis.
|
[
"Multilinguality"
] |
[
0
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84932141181
|
'They have to abide by our laws... and stuff': Ethnonationalism masquerading as civic nationalism
|
The long established distinction between civic nationalism and ethnonationalism is useful heuristically to understand different dimensions of nationalism and perhaps track a movement from ethnic forms to civic allegiances, though some have challenged its empirical veracity and others question the normative implications of such a distinction. This paper demonstrates the ways in which the two are elided in everyday discourses about migrants in Australia. We argue suspicion of cultural difference, identified more than three decades ago as the new racism, has given way to talk of the need for migrants to 'follow the law'. This serves rhetorically to reinforce the notion that migrants, often implied to overlap with the category 'Muslims', are insisting on breaking the law and/or changing it and are therefore culturally incompatible with a modern liberal democracy. We argue that since ethnic nationalism, like racism, is out of favour normatively, ethnic nationalist arguments are now superficially concealed beneath the acceptable language of civic nationalism. The manner in which this occurs is mapped discursively using data from a corpus of twenty seven focus groups conducted around Australia.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:77951782246
|
'They just seem to live their lives in their own little world': Lay perceptions of autism
|
The prevalence of autism spectrum disorders is believed to be higher than that of other conditions, such as Down syndrome or diabetes, yet few studies have explored the ideas lay people have about autism. Semi-structured interviews were used to explore how 10 lay people with no knowledge or experience of autism conceptualised autism. Interpretative phenomenological analysis and discourse analysis illuminated four discourses: (1) autism as transgressing normative expectancies; (2) dependency and functional ability discourse; (3) autism and the discourse of mental status; (4) autism and explanatory discourses. Participants demonstrated clear views (although not necessarily correct) about the nature, origins and manifestations of autism. They drew upon their understanding of normal child development to make these assessments and they made judgements about the ability of individuals with autism to attain social independence. It is recommended that interactions between lay people and people with autism may help develop positive conceptualisations of autism. © 2010 Taylor & Francis.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:2442475067
|
'They that sow the wind...': Proverbs and sayings in argumentation
|
Proverbs are frequently used in everyday language to support or summarize a point of view. Because of their illocutionary force, the polyphonic nature of their use and the way they operate at the cognitive level, the use of proverbs is a powerful strategy in argumentation. In this article, the efficacy of proverbs for argumentative goals is analysed in three texts that enable us to see how they project a pattern onto specific situations. Here, the use of proverbs introduces a cause-and-effect relationship to the analysis of the 11 September terrorist attacks on the United States of America. The analytical approach used is based upon enunciation theory and discourse analysis.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84908108348
|
'This child is a planned baby': Skilled migrant fathers and reproductive decision-making
|
Aim: This study analyses discourses that migrant fathers in New Zealand draw on to explain their decision to have a child. Background: Little is known about migrant men's reproductive decisions in the context of contemporary/active fatherhood. Design: A discourse analytic research study. Methods: Qualitative research was conducted in 2009 where Chinese and Indian migrant men took part in focus groups. Results/Findings: Fathers drew on two key discourses to understand how they became fathers. The first was fatherhood as a financial decision and the second was fatherhood as a natural process. These two discourses are not always congruent. Conclusion: Understanding the discourses that shape men's decisions to have a child, will enhance nurses' capacity to provide appropriate care and support for migrant families.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84958923617
|
'This little piranha': A qualitative analysis of the language used by health professionals and mothers to describe infant behaviour during breastfeeding
|
Exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life offers the recommended best start in the life for a newborn baby. Yet, in Australia only a small number of babies receive breast milk exclusively for the first 6 months. Reasons for the introduction of formula milk are multi-factorial including access to appropriate support and the woman's experience of breastfeeding. The language and practices of health professionals can impact upon how a woman feels about breastfeeding and her breastfeeding body. One aspect of breastfeeding support that has had scarce attention in the literature is the language used by health professionals to describe the behaviour of the breastfeeding infant during the early establishment phase of breastfeeding. This paper reveals some of the ways in which midwives, lactation consultants and breastfeeding women describe the newborn baby during the first week after birth. The study was conducted at two maternity units in New South Wales. Interactions between midwives and breastfeeding women were observed and audio recorded on the post-natal ward and in women's homes, in the first week after birth. The transcribed data were analysed using discourse analysis searching for recurring words, themes and metaphors used in descriptions of the breastfeeding baby. Repeated negative references to infant personality and unfavourable interpretations of infant behaviour influenced how women perceived their infant. The findings revealed that positive language and interpretations of infant breastfeeding behaviour emerged from more relationship-based communication.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85094661032
|
'Time is money' and the value of translation
|
This article uses a multi-faceted approach to discuss the relation between time, money and different perspectives that help define the value of professional translation. It challenges the narratives created by the translation industry on post-editing as a revision of pre-translated content, confronting them with the detailed description of the task in industry standards and with the reality of translators' work. The article also addresses the different roles that time plays as an instrument of analysis and evaluation of translation, and as a fundamental factor in the definition of labour relations in the translation market. The main claim of the article is that translation is increasingly specialised high-value work, requiring translators that are able to make complex and efficient decisions, especially when they are expected to work under time restrictions, with the support of content that has been previously processed by machine translation.
|
[
"Machine Translation",
"Text Generation",
"Multilinguality"
] |
[
51,
47,
0
] |
http://arxiv.org/abs/2202.13581v1
|
'Tis but Thy Name: Semantic Question Answering Evaluation with 11M Names for 1M Entities
|
Classic lexical-matching-based QA metrics are slowly being phased out because they punish succinct or informative outputs just because those answers were not provided as ground truth. Recently proposed neural metrics can evaluate semantic similarity but were trained on small textual similarity datasets grafted from foreign domains. We introduce the Wiki Entity Similarity (WES) dataset, an 11M example, domain targeted, semantic entity similarity dataset that is generated from link texts in Wikipedia. WES is tailored to QA evaluation: the examples are entities and phrases and grouped into semantic clusters to simulate multiple ground-truth labels. Human annotators consistently agree with WES labels, and a basic cross encoder metric is better than four classic metrics at predicting human judgments of correctness.
|
[
"Natural Language Interfaces",
"Question Answering"
] |
[
11,
27
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84890120211
|
'Toward a global knowledge enterprise': University websites as portals to the ongoing marketization of higher education
|
Using a critical 'hypermodal approach' informed by social semiotics, this paper investigates the changing discourses of marketization found on the website of the National University of Singapore over a 14-year period. Analysis of visual-spatial features and action potentials of progressive versions of the site reveals changes in the website functions, first from providing information about resources and expertise to addressing potential students as consumers of goods and of products offered by the university. Later we find the website pointing not so much to education as a process of learning and mentoring but as a type of lifestyle, experience, and abstracted personal transformation and journey. Here the university positions itself increasingly in a global as opposed to national community, where students are to be fine-tuned to the new kinds of marketized demands this will bring. © 2013 Taylor & Francis.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84908329105
|
'Two hundred ninety-four': Remediation and multimodal performance in tourist placemaking
|
We offer here a multimodal discourse analysis of a range of verbal (writing and speech), nonverbal (movement and gesture) and technological (photography and video) resources used by tourists at the Leaning Tower of Pisa. In doing so, we pin-point the recycling and layering of mediatized representations (e.g. guidebooks and official brochures), mediated actions (e.g. climbing the Tower or posing in front of it), and remediated practices (e.g. posting a YouTube video of oneself climbing the 294 steps to the top of the Tower). Through this kind of empirically-based examination of tourists' discursive and embodied performances - their ways of talking about and behaving in spaces - we witness how people never simply visit places but are always actively shaping and making these places. The Leaning Tower of Pisa is, therefore, as much an emergent production of the tourist imagination as it is a pre-existing, lop-sided construction of stone.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Visual Data in NLP",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
71,
20,
72,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84864720711
|
'Us' and 'Them': The discursive construction of 'the Other' in Greenmarket Square, Cape Town
|
This paper is based on research done on intercultural communication at Greenmarket Square in the heart of Cape Town, South Africa. The Square is well known as a market for informal traders (mainly from other parts of Africa), local people and tourists from all over the world. Using originally collected discursive evidence from market traders, the particular focus of this paper is to show how two groups of traders in the market - South Africans and Africans from other countries, respectively - discursively construct each other. By taking a critical discourse analysis (CDA) approach to transcribed interviews conducted with traders from both groups, we were able to extract discursive constructions of 'the Other', which revealed considerable intergroup stereotypes, intra-continental racism and xenophobia. The paper considers the causes of these discursive constructions, such as dominant ideologies, the dominant political discourses emanating from the South African state itself as argued by Neocosmos in 2008, and the spaces (real and imagined) in which these different actors find themselves. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84898423167
|
'Vas-y' as enunciative attitude marker: From movement to temper's motion
|
The aim of this paper is to show that to go in French (aller), normally classified among movement verbs, can express, in its imperative and frozen form, a negative emotion, and to study the process that permitted the changing from a verb with "concrete" meaning to a one of a "construction" in its pragmatic value. Vas-y as a form is analysable as a discourse marker of enunciative attitude serving to reject, at the same time, interlocutor's statement and utterance.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing"
] |
[
71,
72
] |
SCOPUS_ID:85039440496
|
'Voice' languages with no [voice]? Some consequences of Laryngeal Relativism
|
Strict criteria on phonological categoryhood coupled with strict privativity of representation inevitably lead to a conclusion that sonorants must not contain a prime responsible for voicing. Assuming that this prime is also not supplied to sonorants in the course of phonological derivation, this class of segments, contrary to observed patterns, should be inactive with respect to voicing phenomena. Presonorant sandhi voicing in Cracow-Poznan Polish is used to show how such apparent patterns can be dealt with without compromising the above theoretical assumptions. This however has consequences which bear on almost every aspect of laryngeal phonology. Some of them include: arbitrariness of the relation between phonology and phonetics, emergent nature of laryngeal categories, minimization of the role of phonological computation, re-evaluation of typical analytical criteria for deciding on phonological representation of laryngeal distinctions, which are used in phonological practice, as well as a possibility that the prime [voice], or its theoretical counterpart in various models, is not present in some 'voice' languages.
|
[
"Phonology",
"Speech & Audio in NLP",
"Syntactic Text Processing",
"Phonetics",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
6,
70,
15,
64,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:33847410061
|
'War on terrorism' as a discursive battleground: Serbian recontextualization of G.W. Bush's discourse
|
In different parts of the world the 9/11 terrorist attacks have been localized and negotiated by mainstream media and in other public discourses in rather diverse ways. This article explores how young Serbian intellectuals recontextualized G.W. Bush's 'war on terrorism' discourse in order to legitimize, retroactively, Serbian violence against Muslims in Bosnia and Kosovo during the 1990s. We go beyond Bernstein's concept of recontextualization, defined as representation of social events, and extend it to the notion of relocation of a discourse from its original context/practice to its appropriation within another context/practice. Our analysis shows that the informants recycle and appropriate the discourse of 'the war on terrorism' by using an analogy. They equate the attacks on the WTC and the Pentagon with the former Yugoslav wars and they position and represent former Yugoslav Muslims as terrorists. Our informants continue to use the same principle of exclusion, celebrated by the US administration, extending the group of the 'good' ('we') to cover all 'Western/European/Christians', including the Serbs. The 'evil' ('other') group is represented as the 'they' group, encompassing all the 'non-Western/non-European/non-Christian/Muslims'. Informants also appropriate the discourse by extending the meaning of the word 'terrorism' to all the violent acts carried out by Muslims regardless of the specificities of different politicalhistorical contexts. Copyright © 2007 SAGE Publications.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Robustness in NLP",
"Responsible & Trustworthy NLP"
] |
[
71,
72,
58,
4
] |
http://arxiv.org/abs/1911.04952v2
|
'Warriors of the Word' -- Deciphering Lyrical Topics in Music and Their Connection to Audio Feature Dimensions Based on a Corpus of Over 100,000 Metal Songs
|
We look into the connection between the musical and lyrical content of metal music by combining automated extraction of high-level audio features and quantitative text analysis on a corpus of 124.288 song lyrics from this genre. Based on this text corpus, a topic model was first constructed using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). For a subsample of 503 songs, scores for predicting perceived musical hardness/heaviness and darkness/gloominess were extracted using audio feature models. By combining both audio feature and text analysis, we (1) offer a comprehensive overview of the lyrical topics present within the metal genre and (2) are able to establish whether or not levels of hardness and other music dimensions are associated with the occurrence of particularly harsh (and other) textual topics. Twenty typical topics were identified and projected into a topic space using multidimensional scaling (MDS). After Bonferroni correction, positive correlations were found between musical hardness and darkness and textual topics dealing with 'brutal death', 'dystopia', 'archaisms and occultism', 'religion and satanism', 'battle' and '(psychological) madness', while there is a negative associations with topics like 'personal life' and 'love and romance'.
|
[
"Speech & Audio in NLP",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
70,
74
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84992589518
|
'We call her pallas, you know': Naming, taming and the construction of Athena in Greek culture and thought
|
The focus for this article is som ething often ov erlooked in assessm ents of Athena, that the goddess is often known by two nam es: As Pallas Athena. I analy se the m eanings of these nam es in relation to Plato's linguistic theory as set out in the Kratylos and in Loraux's argum ent that 'Athena' and 'Pallas' connote different qualities in Euripides' I on. My study m akes a challenge to the long-standing and enduring fram ework for interpreting the goddess as an inherently m eaningful concept that sits behind any giv en source.
|
[
"Linguistics & Cognitive NLP",
"Linguistic Theories"
] |
[
48,
57
] |
SCOPUS_ID:84943145265
|
'We care', and 'they need help': The disabled in the print media
|
In this paper, we examine the way a leading Malaysian newspaper represents the act of charitable giving on the part of big corporate organisations that take on the role of benefactor in order to fulfil their corporate social responsibilities. Drawing on the methodology of critical discourse analysis, we examine extracts from four newspaper reports selected from a corpus of 179 texts. The aim of the analysis is to find out how the news reports represent the charitable act (i.e. The donation), the organisation performing the act (i.e. The benefactor), and the object of the act (i.e. The recipient) in its report of the charitable event. This question is critical because the answer reveals the unequal distribution of power in the relationship constructed between benefactor and recipient. We also set out to discover how the different voices are incorporated into the writer's voice. The analysis reveals in addition the manner in which the discourse of charitable giving becomes inextricably entwined with the discourse of advertising and promotion.
|
[
"Discourse & Pragmatics",
"Semantic Text Processing",
"Speech & Audio in NLP",
"Multimodality"
] |
[
71,
72,
70,
74
] |
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