text1
stringlengths 1
270
| text2
stringlengths 3
2.46k
| label
int64 0
1
| idx
int64 0
105k
| label_text
stringclasses 2
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Does ease of reading correlate to accuracy in relation to the original text? | " They also argued that "Readings are approved or rejected by reason of the quality, and not the number, of their supporting witnesses", and that "The reading is to be preferred that most fitly explains the existence of the others." | 0 | 97,500 | entailment |
What were Jews and Christians living in Muslim lands known as? | On the other hand, Jews rarely faced martyrdom or exile, or forced compulsion to change their religion, and they were mostly free in their choice of residence and profession. | 1 | 97,501 | not entailment |
Where are the Atlas Mountains located? | The Atlas Mountains, found in Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia also help to enhance the aridity of the northern part of the desert. | 0 | 97,502 | entailment |
What are logical sub-devices referred to as? | An alternative to this is compound device, in which the host assigns each logical device a distinctive address and all logical devices connect to a built-in hub that connects to the physical USB cable. | 1 | 97,503 | not entailment |
What had the Kushans conquered much of by the time of Kanishka | By the time of his grandson, Kanishka, they had conquered most of northern India, at least as far as Saketa and Pataliputra, in the middle Ganges Valley, and probably as far as the Bay of Bengal. | 0 | 97,504 | entailment |
What percentage of Kathmandu residents are Chettris? | The largest ethnic groups are Newar (29.6%), Matwali (25.1% Sunuwar, Gurung, Magars, Tamang etc.), Khas Brahmins (20.51%) and Chettris (18.5%) . | 0 | 97,505 | entailment |
What is the percentage of stoke shift loss in YAG phosphor? | Losses attributable to internal optical losses due to re-absorption in the LED chip and in the LED packaging itself account typically for another 10% to 30% of efficiency loss. | 1 | 97,506 | not entailment |
When was the Charlottetown Accord signed? | Examples include the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement in 1988, the debate over the creation of a common defense perimeter, and as a potential consequence of not adopting proposals intended to resolve the issue of Quebec sovereignty, the Charlottetown Accord in 1992 and the Clarity Act in 1999. | 0 | 97,507 | entailment |
What was Djibouti called in 1958? | A referendum was held in neighboring Djibouti (then known as French Somaliland) in 1958, on the eve of Somalia's independence in 1960, to decide whether or not to join the Somali Republic or to remain with France. | 0 | 97,508 | entailment |
What did the French call evolutionism? | There was an immediate rush to bring it into the social sciences. | 1 | 97,509 | not entailment |
How did Habermas describe the public sphere? | While the public sphere is generally an integral component of the social study of the Enlightenment, other historians have questioned whether the public sphere had these characteristics. | 1 | 97,510 | not entailment |
What did Adolf Hitler have a lifelong romantic fascination with? | Austrian-born Adolf Hitler had a lifelong romantic fascination with the Alps and by the 1930s established a home in the Obersalzberg region outside of Berchtesgaden. | 0 | 97,511 | entailment |
How many Billboard hits did American Idol produce in its first ten years? | The success of American Idol has been described as "unparalleled in broadcasting history". | 1 | 97,512 | not entailment |
Besides conservation, what is the Environmental Protocol's goal to manage? | The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (also known as the Environmental Protocol or Madrid Protocol) came into force in 1998, and is the main instrument concerned with conservation and management of biodiversity in Antarctica. | 0 | 97,513 | entailment |
What did Burke see as proof of the importance of French royalists? | La Vendée is a proof of this". | 0 | 97,514 | entailment |
Why are many plants green? | Chlorophyll absorbs green light poorly because it first arose in organisms living in oceans where purple halobacteria were already exploiting photosynthesis. | 1 | 97,515 | not entailment |
In what year was salt water taffy conceived? | In 1883, salt water taffy was conceived in Atlantic City by David Bradley. | 0 | 97,516 | entailment |
Major cities like Jakarta and Johannesburg rank below New Delhi in what key statistic? | New Delhi with Beijing shares the top position as the most targeted emerging markets retail destination among Asia-Pacific markets. | 1 | 97,517 | not entailment |
Who was the first pope to set foot in the abbey? | Pope Benedict XVI became the first pope to set foot in the abbey. | 0 | 97,518 | entailment |
How many gas mask were issued before the war? | Prior to the outbreak of war, civilians were issued with 50 million respirators (gas masks). | 0 | 97,519 | entailment |
When was Lancashire established? | During the mid-8th century, the area was incorporated into the Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of Northumbria, which became a part of England in the 10th century. | 1 | 97,520 | not entailment |
Who did Kerry publicize as a lesbian while discussing gay rights, some time after the debate? | Bush and Kerry met for the third and final debate at Arizona State University on October 13. | 1 | 97,521 | not entailment |
Where was Leger based around 1912? | Picasso worked in Montmartre until 1912, while Braque and Gris remained there until after the First World War. | 1 | 97,522 | not entailment |
What part of the residents of Norfolk Island could speak Norfuk as of 2011? | In 2004 an act of the Norfolk Island Assembly made it a co-official language of the island. | 1 | 97,523 | not entailment |
What was this new phase of neoclassicism? | A number of British architects in the second half of the century took up the expressive challenge of the Doric from their aristocratic patrons, including Joseph Bonomi and John Soane, but it was to remain the private enthusiasm of connoisseurs up to the first decade of the 19th century. | 1 | 97,524 | not entailment |
Who edited the Polish "National Edition" of Chopin's works? | Among modern scholarly editions of Chopin's works are the version under the name of Paderewski published between 1937 and 1966 and the more recent Polish "National Edition", edited by Jan Ekier, both of which contain detailed explanations and discussions regarding choices and sources. | 0 | 97,525 | entailment |
When was Victoria's final child, Beatrice, born? | In 1853, Victoria gave birth to her eighth child, Leopold, with the aid of the new anaesthetic, chloroform. | 1 | 97,526 | not entailment |
What was previously located at the West Campus of Washington University? | The West Campus is located about one mile (1.6 km) to the west of the Danforth Campus in Clayton, Missouri, and primarily consists of a four-story former department store building housing mostly administrative space. | 1 | 97,527 | not entailment |
What type of occupation did women commonly take part in? | Women were exempt from the annual corvée labor duties, but often engaged in a range of income-earning occupations aside from their domestic chores of cooking and cleaning. | 0 | 97,528 | entailment |
What areas have a higher rate of Christian observance? | In North America, South America and Australia Christian religious observance is much higher than in Europe. | 0 | 97,529 | entailment |
What makes up the inside of a multi-layer PCB? | For example, a four-layer PCB can be fabricated by starting from a two-sided copper-clad laminate, etch the circuitry on both sides, then laminate to the top and bottom pre-preg and copper foil. | 1 | 97,530 | not entailment |
What is the Catholic dogma known as that believes that consecrated bread and wine from the Last Supper literally became the body and blood of Jesus Christ? | The Catholic Church uses wine in the celebration of the Eucharist because it is part of the tradition passed down through the ages starting with Jesus Christ at the Last Supper, where Catholics believe the consecrated bread and wine literally become the body and blood of Jesus Christ, a dogma known as transubstantiation. | 0 | 97,531 | entailment |
In what year were Han forces defeated in Baideng? | In retaliation, the Xiongnu invaded what is now Shanxi province, where they defeated the Han forces at Baideng in 200 BC. | 0 | 97,532 | entailment |
What treaty tries to set standards for worker safety and rights? | Globalization is often quoted as the single most contributing factor to the poor working conditions of garment workers. | 1 | 97,533 | not entailment |
Who slew an envoy of Khagan Bayan I? | Menander Protector mentions a Daurentius (577–579) that slew an Avar envoy of Khagan Bayan I. | 0 | 97,534 | entailment |
Who is this small group named for ? | The name Hellenes seems to be older and it was probably used by the Greeks with the establishment of the Great Amphictyonic League. | 1 | 97,535 | not entailment |
What is the legal term for the precedence established by multiple court rulings? | In civil law jurisdictions the doctrine of stare decisis is not generally considered to apply, so the decisions of the supreme court are not necessarily binding beyond the immediate case before it; however, in practice the decisions of the supreme court usually provide a very strong precedent, or jurisprudence constante, for both itself and all lower courts. | 0 | 97,536 | entailment |
During what era did newsstand distribution begin to tail off markedly for Marvel? | In the mid-1970s a decline of the newsstand distribution network affected Marvel. | 0 | 97,537 | entailment |
What was Tucson's wettest year? | At the University of Arizona, where records have been kept since 1894, the record maximum temperature was 115 ° | 1 | 97,538 | not entailment |
Where was The Use of Knowledge in Society published? | In 2011, his article The Use of Knowledge in Society was selected as one of the top 20 articles published in the American Economic Review during its first 100 years. | 0 | 97,539 | entailment |
What variables do locally compact groups share that can be studied by harmonic analysis? | All of these groups are locally compact, so they have Haar measures and can be studied via harmonic analysis. | 0 | 97,540 | entailment |
The Neo-Eriksonian identity status paradigm focuses on what twin concepts? | This paradigm focuses upon the twin concepts of exploration and commitment. | 0 | 97,541 | entailment |
Members of what species populated parts of Africa in a relatively short time? | However, this is not the first species of homininae: the first species of genus Homo, Homo habilis, are theorized to have evolved in East Africa at least 2 million years ago, and members of this species populated different parts of Africa in a relatively short time. | 0 | 97,542 | entailment |
What is the most important defense against the spread of unwanted organisms? | There are other forms of prevention such as avoiding the use of illicit drugs, using a condom, and having a healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet and regular exercise. | 1 | 97,543 | not entailment |
What did the Swingle Singers primarily use to emulate musical instruments? | The advent of vocal percussion added new dimensions to the a cappella genre and has become very prevalent in modern arrangements. | 1 | 97,544 | not entailment |
What Valencian museum has a photography collection? | The Institut Valencià d'Art Modern (Valencian Institute of Modern Art) houses both permanent collections and temporary exhibitions of contemporary art and photography. | 0 | 97,545 | entailment |
What is the name of the first North American torchbearer? | San Francisco Board of Supervisors President Aaron Peskin, a critic of Mayor Gavin Newsom, said that it was a "cynical plan to please the Bush State Department and the Chinese government because of the incredible influence of money. | 1 | 97,546 | not entailment |
What do many Ashkenazi Jews study outside of the Yeshiva framework? | New developments in Judaism often transcend differences in religious practice between Ashkenazi and Sephardic Jews. | 1 | 97,547 | not entailment |
Who coined the word genome? | The term was created in 1920 by Hans Winkler, professor of botany at the University of Hamburg, Germany. | 0 | 97,548 | entailment |
Which major opera singers were born in Cork? | The opera singers Cara O'Sullivan, Mary Hegarty, Brendan Collins, and Sam McElroy are also Cork born. | 0 | 97,549 | entailment |
Part of the rail trail is also accessible by what form of transportation? | The trail is part of the East Coast Greenway, a proposed 3,000-mile (4,800 km) bike path that would link every major city on the East Coast from Florida to Maine. | 1 | 97,550 | not entailment |
Where do the officially published membership statistics come from? | As a result, only about half of those who self-identified as Jehovah's Witnesses in independent demographic studies are considered active by the faith itself. | 1 | 97,551 | not entailment |
Who wrote the book humanism? | In his book, Humanism (1997), Tony Davies calls these critics "humanist anti-humanists". | 0 | 97,552 | entailment |
The Redstone Arsenal became the George C. Marshall Space Flight Center when? | On October 21, 1959, Eisenhower approved the transfer of the Army's remaining space-related activities to NASA. | 1 | 97,553 | not entailment |
What anaesthetic helped her give birth to her eighth child? | In 1853, Victoria gave birth to her eighth child, Leopold, with the aid of the new anaesthetic, chloroform. | 0 | 97,554 | entailment |
During what decade did hip-hop begin to be featured on the radio? | Not many disco or new wave songs were particularly successful on the AC chart during the late 1970s and early 1980s, and much of the hip-hop and harder rock music featured on CHR formats later in the decade would have been unacceptable on AC radio. | 0 | 97,555 | entailment |
About how long ago did modern human beings first come into existence? | This suggests that everything that separates us from chimpanzees must be encoded in that very small amount of DNA, including our behaviors. | 1 | 97,556 | not entailment |
At which location is the London Center operated by Notre Dame found? | The university has had a presence in London, England, since 1968. | 1 | 97,557 | not entailment |
What organization said Oklahoma's centennial was the top event in the US that year? | Annual ethnic festivals and events take place throughout the state such as Native American powwows and ceremonial events, and include festivals (as examples) in Scottish, Irish, German, Italian, Vietnamese, Chinese, Czech, Jewish, Arab, Mexican and African-American communities depicting cultural heritage or traditions. | 1 | 97,558 | not entailment |
Which battleship was still capable of combat when Kurita returned to Japan? | Nishimura's sunken Yamashiro was the last battleship in history to engage another in combat. | 1 | 97,559 | not entailment |
What makes up part of the SQA? | Software testing is a part of the software quality assurance (SQA) process.:347 | 0 | 97,560 | entailment |
What type of life is more enviromentally diverse than multicellular life? | For example, microbial life is metabolically and environmentally more diverse than multicellular life (see e.g., extremophile). | 0 | 97,561 | entailment |
What is the acronym for India's Research and Analysis Wing? | The role and functions of the CIA are roughly equivalent to those of the United Kingdom's Secret Intelligence Service (the SIS or MI6), the Australian Secret Intelligence Service (ASIS), the Egyptian General Intelligence Service, the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service (Sluzhba Vneshney Razvedki) (SVR), the Indian Research and Analysis Wing (RAW), the Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), the French foreign intelligence service Direction Générale de la Sécurité Extérieure (DGSE) and Israel's Mossad. | 0 | 97,562 | entailment |
What occurs when a player in association football is shown a red penalty card? | Other teams that prominently feature red on their kits include A.C. Milan (nicknamed i rossoneri for their red and black shirts), AFC Ajax, Olympiacos, River Plate, Atlético Madrid, and Flamengo. | 1 | 97,563 | not entailment |
Who coined the term "the Age of Academies" to describe the 18th century? | Scientific academies and societies grew out of the Scientific Revolution as the creators of scientific knowledge in contrast to the scholasticism of the university. | 1 | 97,564 | not entailment |
What was the new head of the FBI's top priority? | Within months after the attacks, FBI Director Robert Mueller, who had been sworn in a week before the attacks, called for a re-engineering of FBI structure and operations. | 1 | 97,565 | not entailment |
What role did Thailand play in the war? | The Phayap Army sent troops to invade and occupy northeastern Burma, which was former Thai territory that had been annexed by Britain much earlier. | 1 | 97,566 | not entailment |
When was the Abizu Campos operation made public? | The FBI operation was covert and did not become known until U.S. Congressman Luis Gutierrez had it made public via the Freedom of Information Act in the 1980s. | 0 | 97,567 | entailment |
How many miles long is NH-7? | Hyderabad sits at the junction of three National Highways linking it to six other states: NH-7 runs 2,369 km (1,472 mi) from Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, in the north to Kanyakumari, Tamil Nadu, in the south; NH-9, runs 841 km (523 mi) east-west between Machilipatnam, Andhra Pradesh, and Pune, Maharashtra; and the 280 km (174 mi) NH-163 links Hyderabad to Bhopalpatnam, Chhattisgarh NH-765 links Hyderabad to Srisailam. | 0 | 97,568 | entailment |
The Sénat conservateur became hostile to Napoleon due to whose efforts? | Long docile to Napoleon, under Talleyrand's prodding it had turned against him. | 0 | 97,569 | entailment |
When did von NEumann develop first self reproducing computer program? | Beginning in 1949, von Neumann's design for a self-reproducing computer program is considered the world's first computer virus, and he is considered to be the theoretical father of computer virology. | 0 | 97,570 | entailment |
What is a sequence of MP3 frames called? | This sequence of frames is called an elementary stream. | 0 | 97,571 | entailment |
Quranic verses concerning which phenomena are thought by Muslims to authenticate its contents? | Verses pertaining to natural phenomena have been interpreted by Muslims as an indication of the authenticity of the Quranic message. | 0 | 97,572 | entailment |
How many different languages are spoken in London? | London's urban area is the second most populous in the EU, after Paris, with 9,787,426 inhabitants according to the 2011 census. | 1 | 97,573 | not entailment |
What company annexed large areas of India in the 18th and 19th centuries? | The subcontinent gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1947, after the British provinces were partitioned into the dominions of India and Pakistan and the princely states all acceded to one of the new states. | 1 | 97,574 | not entailment |
Who recognized the men's basketball team as the 1931 National Champion? | Northwestern fields 19 intercollegiate athletic teams (8 men's and 11 women's) in addition to numerous club sports. | 1 | 97,575 | not entailment |
What does VWN stand for? | The Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles Transporter (VWN) factory at Hannover-Stöcken is the biggest employer in the region and operates a huge plant at the northern edge of town adjoining the Mittellandkanal and Motorway A2. | 0 | 97,576 | entailment |
What was Pope Paul VI's first name at birth? | Pope Paul VI (Latin: Paulus VI; Italian: Paolo VI), born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini (Italian pronunciation: [dʒioˈvani baˈtista enˈriko anˈtonjo marˈija monˈtini]; 26 September 1897 – 6 August 1978), reigned as Pope from 21 June 1963 to his death in 1978. | 0 | 97,577 | entailment |
When does Carnival typically begin in the Netherlands? | However, the Philippines, a predominantly Roman Catholic country, does not celebrate Carnival anymore since the dissolution of the Manila Carnival after 1939, the last carnival in the country. | 1 | 97,578 | not entailment |
in this paragraph the Spanish Armada suffered a defeat in what year? | The permission was granted, and despite the defeat of the English Armada in 1589, on 10 April 1591 three ships sailed from Torbay around the Cape of Good Hope to the Arabian Sea on one of the earliest English overseas Indian expeditions. | 1 | 97,579 | not entailment |
What is the name of the second highest level of college football? | Harvard participates in the second-highest level, the Football Championship Subdivision. | 0 | 97,580 | entailment |
Who granted Cork's charter? | The present extent of the city has exceeded the medieval boundaries of the Barony of Cork City; it now takes in much of the neighbouring Barony of Cork. | 1 | 97,581 | not entailment |
When was the science park programme abandoned? | In December 2005, Imperial announced a science park programme at the Wye campus, with extensive housing; however, this was abandoned in September 2006 following complaints that the proposal infringed on Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty, and that the true scale of the scheme, which could have raised £110m for the College, was known to Kent and Ashford Councils and their consultants but concealed from the public. | 0 | 97,582 | entailment |
The RSFSR contains how many oblasts? | commonly referred to as Soviet Russia or simply as Russia, was a sovereign state in 1917–22, the largest, most populous, and most economically developed republic of the Soviet Union in 1922–91 and a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with its own legislation in 1990–91. | 1 | 97,583 | not entailment |
What did the Garamantes do in order to bring water to their crops? | The Garamantes civilization eventually collapsed after they had depleted available water in the aquifers and could no longer sustain the effort to extend the tunnels further into the mountains. | 1 | 97,584 | not entailment |
In what month is the MLB All-Star Game held? | The annual MLB All-Star Game, played in July between players from AL teams and players from NL teams, was long considered an exhibition match, but as of 2003 this status was questioned because the league whose team wins the All-Star game has been awarded home field advantage for the upcoming World Series. | 0 | 97,585 | entailment |
When did non-avian dinosaurs become extinct? | The modern mammalian orders arose in the Paleogene and Neogene periods of the Cenozoic era, after the extinction of the non-avian dinosaurs 66 million years ago. | 0 | 97,586 | entailment |
What nation founded New Amsterdam? | New York City traces its roots to its 1624 founding as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. | 0 | 97,587 | entailment |
who is the North American Environmental Atlas made by? | The North American Environmental Atlas, produced by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation, a NAFTA agency composed of the geographical agencies of the Mexican, American, and Canadian governments uses the "Great Plains" as an ecoregion synonymous with predominant prairies and grasslands rather than as physiographic region defined by topography. | 0 | 97,588 | entailment |
What was the German-Soviet dividing line in regards to annexing Poland? | That night, Stalin replied that the Soviets were willing to sign the pact and that he would receive Ribbentrop on 23 August. | 1 | 97,589 | not entailment |
Where did some of the US Air Force traditions come from? | Many of the U.S. Air Force's formal and informal traditions are an amalgamation of those taken from the Royal Air Force (e.g., dining-ins/mess nights) or the experiences of its predecessor organizations such as the U.S. Army Air Service, U.S. Army Air Corps and the U.S. Army Air Forces. | 0 | 97,590 | entailment |
In what year did The Teutonic Order lose Eastern Prussia? | The Teutonic Order lost eastern Prussia when Grand Master Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach converted to Lutheranism and secularized the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order in 1525. | 0 | 97,591 | entailment |
What day did he die? | John XXIII died of peritonitis caused by a perforated stomach at 19:49 local time on 3 June 1963 at the age of 81, ending a historic pontificate of four years and seven months. | 0 | 97,592 | entailment |
What can be applied to daily life once it is attained? | Once the conceptual understanding is attained, it is applied to daily life so that each Buddhist can verify the truth of the Buddha's teaching at a practical level. | 0 | 97,593 | entailment |
In what year did the First Crusade take Jerusalem? | One feature of the crusades was the pogroms against local Jews that often took place as the crusaders left their countries for the East. | 1 | 97,594 | not entailment |
What was Sanskrit used for? | During this time, the prestige of the language, its use for sacred purposes, and the importance attached to its correct enunciation all served as powerful conservative forces resisting the normal processes of linguistic change. | 0 | 97,595 | entailment |
How many hectares does the island have in total? | Although the climate is essentially arid, the rainfall does average 1000 mm annually, but with considerable variation over the terrain. | 1 | 97,596 | not entailment |
Where is Houston located? | Houston (i/ˈhjuːstən/ HYOO-stən) is the most populous city in Texas and the fourth most populous city in the United States, located in Southeast Texas near the Gulf of Mexico. | 0 | 97,597 | entailment |
How did the Commission vote turn out | On 8 October 2014 it was announced that the European Commission has approved the project, with an overwhelming majority and only four commissioners voting against the decision. | 0 | 97,598 | entailment |
How many senior officers were expelled fro the army in 1975? | In September 1975, Gaddafi purged the army, arresting around 200 senior officers, and in October he founded the clandestine Office for the Security of the Revolution. | 0 | 97,599 | entailment |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.