text1
stringlengths 1
270
| text2
stringlengths 3
2.46k
| label
int64 0
1
| idx
int64 0
105k
| label_text
stringclasses 2
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
What did John build up? | John grew up to be around 5 ft 5 in (1.68 m) tall, relatively short, with a "powerful, barrel-chested body" and dark red hair; he looked to contemporaries like an inhabitant of Poitou. | 1 | 92,700 | not entailment |
How tall are the mountains in New Hampshire? | In the Chic-Choc and Notre Dame mountain ranges in Quebec, the higher summits rise to about 4,000 ft (1,200 m) elevation. | 1 | 92,701 | not entailment |
What is the meaning of the Latin phrase on Northwestern's seal? | The Latin phrase on Northwestern's seal, Quaecumque sunt vera (Whatsoever things are true) is drawn from the Epistle of Paul to the Philippians 4:8, while the Greek phrase inscribed on the pages of an open book is taken from the Gospel of John 1:14: ο λόγος πλήρης χάριτος και αληθείας (The Word full of grace and truth). | 0 | 92,702 | entailment |
Which news agency came under review resulting in the firing of their producer? | Serious doubts about the documents' authenticity quickly emerged, leading CBS to appoint a review panel that eventually resulted in the firing of the news producer and other significant staffing changes. | 1 | 92,703 | not entailment |
Where was the challenge to the theory of racing being a social construct published? | The theory that race is merely a social construct has been challenged by the findings of researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine, published in the American Journal of Human Genetics as "Genetic Structure, Self-Identified Race/Ethnicity, and Confounding in Case-Control Association Studies". | 0 | 92,704 | entailment |
Where does Elizabeth's wealth place her in the list of the richest in the UK? | Elizabeth's personal fortune has been the subject of speculation for many years. | 1 | 92,705 | not entailment |
Who, in 1979, was discovered to be a communist spy? | The following year brought two blows: one was the unmasking of Anthony Blunt, former Surveyor of the Queen's Pictures, as a communist spy; the other was the assassination of her relative and in-law Lord Mountbatten by the Provisional Irish Republican Army. | 0 | 92,706 | entailment |
What does this process form? | This process is described by the Schikorr reaction: | 1 | 92,707 | not entailment |
What root did Egyptians use to source their red pigment alizarin? | Red ochre was widely used as a pigment for wall paintings, particularly as the skin color of men. | 1 | 92,708 | not entailment |
The speech by Kennedy, "Special Message on Urgent National Needs" was delivered on what date? | Kennedy ultimately decided to pursue what became the Apollo program, and on May 25 took the opportunity to ask for Congressional support in a Cold War speech titled "Special Message on Urgent National Needs". | 0 | 92,709 | entailment |
What historian wrote that banks were the single greatest threat to mid-east independence? | As the Ottoman state attempted to modernize its infrastructure and army in response to threats from the outside, it also opened itself up to a different kind of threat: that of creditors. | 1 | 92,710 | not entailment |
Zinc, copper and aluminum alloys have use in what part of machinery? | Alloys of 85–88% zinc, 4–10% copper, and 2–8% aluminium find limited use in certain types of machine bearings. | 0 | 92,711 | entailment |
What years were journeys similar to the Queen trip to Melvern Hills made? | Similar journeys to other parts of England and Wales were taken in 1832, 1833, 1834 and 1835. | 0 | 92,712 | entailment |
What was the system Napoleon imposed though the Berlin Decree? | Following his triumph, Napoleon imposed the first elements of the Continental System through the Berlin Decree issued in November 1806. | 1 | 92,713 | not entailment |
What is the city's sole fresh water river? | The Hudson River separates the city from the U.S. state of New Jersey. | 1 | 92,714 | not entailment |
Non-standardized languages similar to Dutch include Yiddish and what other West Germanic language? | Other West Germanic languages related to Dutch are German, English and the Frisian languages, and the non standardised languages Low German and Yiddish. | 0 | 92,715 | entailment |
What literal work were followers of Laozi expected to chant? | It was believed that immortality could be achieved if one reached the lands of the Queen Mother of the West or Mount Penglai. | 1 | 92,716 | not entailment |
What features at minimum did Ruskin insist on for a building to be considered functional? | His work goes on to state that a building is not truly a work of architecture unless it is in some way "adorned". | 1 | 92,717 | not entailment |
What type of buildings most prominently display the design aspects of the Gothic architectural style? | While many secular buildings exist from the Late Middle Ages, it is in the buildings of cathedrals and great churches that Gothic architecture displays its pertinent structures and characteristics to the fullest advantage. | 0 | 92,718 | entailment |
How was he able to see bacteria? | They were just at the limit of what his simple lenses could make out and, in one of the most striking hiatuses in the history of science, no one else would see them again for over a century. | 1 | 92,719 | not entailment |
Who helped Bell investigate hydrofoils in 1908? | Bell and assistant Frederick W. "Casey" Baldwin began hydrofoil experimentation in the summer of 1908 as a possible aid to airplane takeoff from water. | 0 | 92,720 | entailment |
At what age does self-consciousness in general peak? | It is also relevant in social cognition, resulting in increased introspection, self-consciousness, and intellectualization (in the sense of thought about one's own thoughts, rather than the Freudian definition as a defense mechanism). | 1 | 92,721 | not entailment |
how many years did the Merchants of London has a monoploy on trade? | This time they succeeded, and on 31 December 1600, the Queen granted a Royal Charter to "George, Earl of Cumberland, and 215 Knights, Aldermen, and Burgesses" under the name, Governor and Company of Merchants of London trading with the East Indies. | 1 | 92,722 | not entailment |
Which system is BYU part of? | This board consists of the same people as the Church Board of Education, a pattern that has been in place since 1939. | 1 | 92,723 | not entailment |
What was the most popular method in the 1960s regarding science studies? | Much of the study of the history of science has been devoted to answering questions about what science is, how it functions, and whether it exhibits large-scale patterns and trends. | 1 | 92,724 | not entailment |
How many times was Swansea bombed heavily? | In January Swansea was bombed four times, very heavily. | 0 | 92,725 | entailment |
one voice records released a remix of what dada nada song in 1989? | The record shot up to Number Five on the Billboard Club Chart, marking it as the first House record by a white artist to chart in the U.S. Dada Nada, the moniker for Ozn's solo act, released in 1990, what has become a classic example of jazz-based Deep House, the Frankie Knuckles and David Morales remix of Dada Nada's "Deep Love" (One Voice Records/US, Polydor/UK), featuring Ozn's lush, crooning vocals and muted trumpet improvisational solos, underscoring Deep House's progression into a genre that integrated jazz and pop songwriting structures – a feature which continued to set it apart from Acid House and Techno. | 1 | 92,726 | not entailment |
What does the introductory AAI immunology course do? | The Introductory Course is a course that gives students an overview of the basics of immunology. | 0 | 92,727 | entailment |
Which rail station is Melbourne's busiest? | Flinders Street Station is Melbourne's busiest railway station, and was the world's busiest passenger station in 1926. | 0 | 92,728 | entailment |
What event was organized by Chicago's Department of Cultural Affairs to celebrate house music? | The proclamation recognized Chicago as the original home of house music and that the music's original creators "were inspired by the love of their city, with the dream that someday their music would spread a message of peace and unity throughout the world". | 1 | 92,729 | not entailment |
What is an example of a solar distillation design? | A large-scale solar distillation project was first constructed in 1872 in the Chilean mining town of Las Salinas. | 1 | 92,730 | not entailment |
When the 1900s began, how many people lived in Richmond? | Freed slaves and their descendants created a thriving African-American business community, and the city's historic Jackson Ward became known as the "Wall Street of Black America." | 1 | 92,731 | not entailment |
How could pesticides travel over hundreds of miles? | Global distillation is the process whereby pesticides are transported from warmer to colder regions of the Earth, in particular the Poles and mountain tops. | 1 | 92,732 | not entailment |
What preys on nocturnal passerine migrants? | A similar strategy is adopted by the greater noctule bat, which preys on nocturnal passerine migrants. | 0 | 92,733 | entailment |
What else did Victoria do to try to return her former public image? | She agreed to visit the gardens of the Royal Horticultural Society at Kensington and take a drive through London in an open carriage. | 0 | 92,734 | entailment |
Where are food molecules oxidised to carbon dioxide and water? | The food molecules are oxidised to carbon dioxide and water in the mitochondria | 0 | 92,735 | entailment |
What entity believes itself to have the longest standing internal mechanism of laws in Western Europe? | The Catholic Church has what is claimed to be the oldest continuously functioning internal legal system in Western Europe, much later than Roman law but predating the evolution of modern European civil law traditions. | 0 | 92,736 | entailment |
Who was included in the Coloured group? | The Coloured group included people of mixed Bantu, Khoisan, and European descent (with some Malay ancestry, especially in the Western Cape). | 0 | 92,737 | entailment |
What nation conquered Ukraine during the First World War? | After conquering the rest of Ukraine from the Whites, Ukraine joined the USSR and was enlarged (gaining Crimea and then Eastern Galicia), whence a process of Ukrainization was begun, with encouragement from Moscow. | 1 | 92,738 | not entailment |
In what uniform use was Western Canadian Select meant to excel? | This sour, heavy crude oil blend is designed to have uniform refining characteristics to compete with internationally marketed heavy oils such as Mexican Mayan or Arabian Dubai Crude. | 0 | 92,739 | entailment |
From what mountain range does New York's drinking water come from? | As a result of the watershed's integrity and undisturbed natural water filtration system, New York is one of only four major cities in the United States the majority of whose drinking water is pure enough not to require purification by water treatment plants. | 1 | 92,740 | not entailment |
What are these test (level testing) typically grouped by? | Tests are frequently grouped by where they are added in the software development process, or by the level of specificity of the test. | 0 | 92,741 | entailment |
Who won this season of Idol? | Phillips became the winner, beating Sanchez. | 0 | 92,742 | entailment |
When was the Edwards Campus built? | About 2,100 students attend the Edwards Campus, with an average age of 32. | 1 | 92,743 | not entailment |
What does youtube do to prevent losing lawsuits involving copyright infringement? | Organizations including Viacom, Mediaset, and the English Premier League have filed lawsuits against YouTube, claiming that it has done too little to prevent the uploading of copyrighted material. | 1 | 92,744 | not entailment |
In what year did the discovery of uranium occur? | While he was working in his experimental laboratory in Berlin in 1789, Klaproth was able to precipitate a yellow compound (likely sodium diuranate) by dissolving pitchblende in nitric acid and neutralizing the solution with sodium hydroxide. | 0 | 92,745 | entailment |
The medieval jovens becomes what what word? | E.g. homes 'men', joves 'youth'. | 0 | 92,746 | entailment |
What kind of garden is The Great Garden? | The Great Garden is an important European baroque garden. | 0 | 92,747 | entailment |
What edicts did the Ming issue? | Wang and Nyima argue that the Ming emperor sent edicts to Tibet twice in the second year of the Ming dynasty, and demonstrated that he viewed Tibet as a significant region to pacify by urging various Tibetan tribes to submit to the authority of the Ming court. | 1 | 92,748 | not entailment |
What material delivers optimum dimensional stability? | Thermal expansion is an important consideration especially with ball grid array (BGA) and naked die technologies, and glass fiber offers the best dimensional stability. | 0 | 92,749 | entailment |
When did Japan invade Manchuria? | In 1937, the Empire of Japan started a full-scale invasion of China after invading Manchuria in 1931, beginning the Second Sino-Japanese War (often considered a theatre of World War II). | 0 | 92,750 | entailment |
Name a private business school located in Ann arbor. | Other local colleges and universities include Concordia University Ann Arbor, a Lutheran liberal-arts institution; a campus of the University of Phoenix; and Cleary University, a private business school. | 0 | 92,751 | entailment |
What was the final Famicom game released in North America? | Instead, during the first year of Nintendo's successor console the Super Famicom (named Super Nintendo Entertainment System outside Japan), the Famicom remained the second highest-selling video game console in Japan, outselling the newer and more powerful NEC PC Engine and Sega Mega Drive by a wide margin. | 1 | 92,752 | not entailment |
What songs does the trumpet section of the Band of the Fighting Irish play preceding home football games? | This tradition involves the drum line of the Band of the Fighting Irish and ushers in the rest of the festivities that will continue the rest of the gameday Saturday. | 1 | 92,753 | not entailment |
On what day did West release his second fashion line? | The line's reception was markedly improved from the previous presentation, with a number of critics heralding West for his "much improved" sophomore effort. | 1 | 92,754 | not entailment |
The Roman Catholic Church considers Protestant denominations to be what? | The view of the Roman Catholic Church is that Protestant denominations cannot be considered churches but rather that they are ecclesial communities or specific faith-believing communities because their ordinances and doctrines are not historically the same as the Catholic sacraments and dogmas, and the Protestant communities have no sacramental ministerial priesthood and therefore lack true apostolic succession. | 0 | 92,755 | entailment |
What did the crowds in Tiananmen Square do after the moment of silence? | The Chinese version of MSN, cn.msn.com, also displayed banner ads about the earthquake and the relief efforts. | 1 | 92,756 | not entailment |
What year was research completed to demonstrate humans benefited by having dogs hunt with them? | The relationship between the presence of a dog and success in the hunt is often mentioned as a primary reason for the domestication of the wolf, and a 2004 study of hunter groups with and without a dog gives quantitative support to the hypothesis that the benefits of cooperative hunting was an important factor in wolf domestication. | 0 | 92,757 | entailment |
Why do migrating land birds avoid large water bodies or mountain ranges? | Often, the migration route of a long-distance migrator bird doesn't follow a straight line between breeding and wintering grounds. | 1 | 92,758 | not entailment |
At which group did Therapsids end with? | Therapsids descended from pelycosaurs in the Middle Permian, about 265 million years ago, and became the dominant land vertebrates. | 1 | 92,759 | not entailment |
Who amassed a collection 8000 crystals? | David Friedrich Wiser amassed a collection of 8000 crystals that he studied and documented. | 0 | 92,760 | entailment |
In what year did News International begin producing The Times in both broadsheet in tabloid sizes? | Since 1 November 2004, the paper has been printed solely in tabloid format. | 1 | 92,761 | not entailment |
What was discovered in long term studies? | Animal trials showed very good inhibitory effect as in clinical trials, however a long term study in dogs found toxic effects at higher doses and as a result mevastatin was believed to be too toxic for human use. | 0 | 92,762 | entailment |
What era saw an increase in metal tool use? | Traditionally considered the last part of the Stone Age, the Neolithic followed the terminal Holocene Epipaleolithic period and commenced with the beginning of farming, which produced the "Neolithic Revolution". | 1 | 92,763 | not entailment |
What happens if an NPO does not abide by the tax laws? | Failure to maintain operations in conformity to the laws may result in an organization losing its tax exempt status. | 0 | 92,764 | entailment |
What is the basis for this plan? | The plan spanned 3 years, and cost no less than one percent of the province or municipality's budget. | 1 | 92,765 | not entailment |
Who was the most discussed singer in American Idols sixth season? | Teenager Sanjaya Malakar was the season's most talked-about contestant for his unusual hairdo, and for managing to survive elimination for many weeks due in part to the weblog Vote for the Worst and satellite radio personality Howard Stern, who both encouraged fans to vote for him. | 0 | 92,766 | entailment |
What did CBC air during the NHL lockout? | During the NHL lockout and subsequent cancellation of the 2004-2005 hockey season, CBC instead aired various recent and classic movies, branded as Movie Night in Canada, on Saturday nights. | 0 | 92,767 | entailment |
How do larger capacitors present their electrical characteristics? | Larger capacitors like electrolytics usually display the actual capacitance together with the unit (for example, 220 μF). | 0 | 92,768 | entailment |
What ethnicity of actors are mainly used for shows in Brazil? | The Brazilian media has been accused of hiding or overlooking the nation's Black, Indigenous, Multiracial and East Asian populations. | 1 | 92,769 | not entailment |
How many Jews were forced to live within the Warsaw Ghetto? | In the winter of 1939–40, about 100,000 Jews were thus deported to Poland. | 1 | 92,770 | not entailment |
What did the Treaty of Rome establish? | In 1956, the British and French prime ministers, Sir Anthony Eden and Guy Mollet, discussed the possibility of France joining the Commonwealth. | 1 | 92,771 | not entailment |
Who was Otzi the Iceman? | In 1991 a mummy of a neolithic body, known as Ötzi the Iceman, was discovered by hikers on the Similaun glacier. | 0 | 92,772 | entailment |
Movements were influenced by philosophical thought within the Vedic tradition such as what? | The shramanas rejected the Veda, and the authority of the brahmans, who claimed they possessed revealed truths not knowable by any ordinary human means. | 1 | 92,773 | not entailment |
When was Palma born? | Emilio Marcos Palma was the first person born south of the 60th parallel south (the continental limit according to the Antarctic Treaty), as well as the first one born on the Antarctic mainland, in 1978 at Base Esperanza, on the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula; his parents were sent there along with seven other families by the Argentine government to determine if the continent was suitable for family life. | 0 | 92,774 | entailment |
What process converts solar energy into storable and transportable fuels? | These processes offset energy that would otherwise come from a fossil fuel source and can also convert solar energy into storable and transportable fuels. | 1 | 92,775 | not entailment |
What does the standard ReplayGain allow a player to automatically adjust? | MP3Gain may be used to reversibly modify files based on ReplayGain measurements so that adjusted playback can be achieved on players without ReplayGain capability. | 1 | 92,776 | not entailment |
What was the unsanctioned alternative relay called? | Argentine activists told a news conference that they would not try to snuff out the torch's flame as demonstrators had in Paris and London. | 1 | 92,777 | not entailment |
What group was Nigeria a founding member of? | Nigeria was also a founding member of the Organisation for African Unity (now the African Union), and has tremendous influence in West Africa and Africa on the whole. | 0 | 92,778 | entailment |
When were recording standards officially released? | A number of 78 rpm record producers as well as early LP makers also cut their records to the NAB/NARTB lateral standard. | 1 | 92,779 | not entailment |
What leads from the salivary glands to the reservoirs? | The mixture of saliva and food then travels through the salivary tubes into the mouth, where it begins to break down. | 1 | 92,780 | not entailment |
What is the arid measurement in Namibia? | Temperature maxima are limited by the overall elevation of the entire region: only in the far south, Warmbad for instance, are mid-40 °C maxima recorded. | 1 | 92,781 | not entailment |
When did Dien Bien Phu fall to the communists? | After a few months with no success by the French, he added other aircraft to drop napalm for clearing purposes. | 1 | 92,782 | not entailment |
What is the largest mall in the carolinas? | North Carolina has a variety of shopping choices. | 1 | 92,783 | not entailment |
When was the Premier League established? | They are one of seven teams to have played all 22 seasons of the Premier League since its inception in August 1992 – the others being Arsenal, Aston Villa, Chelsea, Liverpool, Manchester United, and Tottenham Hotspur. | 0 | 92,784 | entailment |
When were anti-miscegenation laws passed? | Anti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries, but this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them. | 0 | 92,785 | entailment |
What type of research was Princess Elizabeth station built to study? | On 6 September 2007, Belgian-based International Polar Foundation unveiled the Princess Elisabeth station, the world's first zero-emissions polar science station in Antarctica to research climate change. | 0 | 92,786 | entailment |
How much net worth did Americans lose between June 2007 and November 2008? | Between June 2007 and November 2008, Americans lost an estimated average of more than a quarter of their collective net worth.[citation needed] | 0 | 92,787 | entailment |
What are Jehovah Witnesses allowed to accept at their discretion? | The Watch Tower Society provides pre-formatted durable power of attorney documents prohibiting major blood components, in which members can specify which allowable fractions and treatments they will personally accept. | 1 | 92,788 | not entailment |
On what day was the Richard Gilder Boathouse established? | October 21, 2000, marked the dedication of Yale's fourth new boathouse in 157 years of collegiate rowing. | 0 | 92,789 | entailment |
Who opened the first Lodge in Iraq? | Masonic lodges existed in Iraq as early as 1917, when the first lodge under the United Grand Lodge of England (UGLE) was opened. | 0 | 92,790 | entailment |
What are later added to the landing by advanced gymnasts? | The gymnast is allowed to choose where they start on the runway. | 1 | 92,791 | not entailment |
How many people died as a result of the fighting betwen Armenia and Azerbaijan? | By the time both Azerbaijan and Armenia had finally agreed to a ceasefire in 1994, an estimated 30,000 people had been killed and over a million had been displaced. | 0 | 92,792 | entailment |
What has no electric charge? | The black hole (with zero electric charge) is an elegant example of a region completely "filled" with vacuum, but still showing a strong curvature. | 0 | 92,793 | entailment |
Besides installation cost, why are private flush toilets too expensive for most residents in Namibia? | Private flush toilets are too expensive for virtually all residents in townships due to their water consumption and installation cost. | 0 | 92,794 | entailment |
Who was elected as chief minister of the state of India? | Governments have seen alternates between Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Indian National Congress (INC), no third front ever has become significant. | 1 | 92,795 | not entailment |
How many days did people carry the Olympic torch before the 2008 Summer Olympics? | The relay, also called by the organizers as the "Journey of Harmony", lasted 129 days and carried the torch 137,000 km (85,000 mi | 0 | 92,796 | entailment |
What sort of philosopher was Plotinus? | With the neoplatonist Plotinus, wrote Nathaniel Alfred Boll; "there even appears, probably for the first time in Western philosophy, idealism that had long been current in the East even at that time, for it taught... that the soul has made the world by stepping from eternity into time...". | 0 | 92,797 | entailment |
What will a fifth place Premier League team qualify for? | If the Premier League has one of the three highest Fair Play rankings in Europe, the highest ranked team in the Premier League Fair Play standings which has not already qualified for Europe will automatically qualify for the UEFA Europa League first qualifying round. | 1 | 92,798 | not entailment |
What methods, applied to the study of history, led to the perception of the Middle Ages as a time of recession and crisis? | As economic and demographic methods were applied to the study of history, the trend was increasingly to see the late Middle Ages as a period of recession and crisis. | 0 | 92,799 | entailment |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.