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Context: However Qing rule saw an massively increasing amount of Han Chinese both illegally and legally streaming into Manchuria and settling down to cultivate land as Manchu landlords desired Han Chinese peasants to rent on their land and grow grain, most Han Chinese migrants were not evicted as they went over the Great Wall and Willow Palisade, during the eighteenth century Han Chinese farmed 500,000 hectares of privately owned land in Manchuria and 203,583 hectares of lands which were part of coutrier stations, noble estates, and Banner lands, in garrisons and towns in Manchuria Han Chinese made up 80% of the population. Question: Where did Hans go to to find land? Answer: Manchuria Question: How much land did the Han cultivate? Answer: 500,000 hectares Question: What percent of the population in Manchuria was Han? Answer: 80%
Context: According to Johnson and Grim (2013), Buddhism has grown from a total of 138 million adherents in 1910, of which 137 million were in Asia, to 495 million in 2010, of which 487 million are in Asia. According to them, there was a fast annual growth of Buddhism in Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon and several Western European countries (1910–2010). More recently (2000–2010), the countries with highest growth rates are Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Iran and some African countries. Question: How many Buddhists were there in 1910? Answer: 138 million Question: How many Buddhists are there in 2010? Answer: 495 million Question: How many buddhists are in Asia? Answer: 487 million
Context: Reaction to the novel varied widely upon publication. Literary analysis of it is sparse, considering the number of copies sold and its widespread use in education. Author Mary McDonough Murphy, who collected individual impressions of To Kill a Mockingbird by several authors and public figures, calls the book, "an astonishing phenomenon". In 2006, British librarians ranked the book ahead of the Bible as one "every adult should read before they die". It was adapted into an Oscar-winning film in 1962 by director Robert Mulligan, with a screenplay by Horton Foote. Since 1990, a play based on the novel has been performed annually in Harper Lee's hometown of Monroeville, Alabama. Question: Who gathered impressions of To Kill a Mockingbird from other authors and famous people? Answer: Mary McDonough Murphy Question: In which year did British librarians rank To Kill a Mockingbird ahead of the Bible? Answer: 2006 Question: When was To Kill a Mockingbird made into a movie? Answer: 1962 Question: When did a play for the book begin to perform every year in Monroeville, Alabama? Answer: 1990 Question: Who was the director of the adaptation of the movie? Answer: Robert Mulligan Question: British librarians in 2006 ranked the book ahead of what famous volume? Answer: Bible Question: Who wrote the screenplay for the 1962 film? Answer: Horton Foote Question: Who directed the 1962 film? Answer: Robert Mulligan Question: What is Harper Lee's hometown? Answer: Monroeville, Alabama
Context: Lancashire emerged as a major commercial and industrial region during the Industrial Revolution. Manchester and Liverpool grew into its largest cities, dominating global trade and the birth of modern capitalism. The county contained several mill towns and the collieries of the Lancashire Coalfield. By the 1830s, approximately 85% of all cotton manufactured worldwide was processed in Lancashire. Accrington, Blackburn, Bolton, Burnley, Bury, Chorley, Colne, Darwen, Nelson, Oldham, Preston, Rochdale and Wigan were major cotton mill towns during this time. Blackpool was a centre for tourism for the inhabitants of Lancashire's mill towns, particularly during wakes week. Question: What are the biggest cities in Lancashire? Answer: Manchester and Liverpool Question: By the 1830's, how much of all cotton was processed in Lancashire? Answer: 85% Question: Where was a center for tourist for the people of Lancashire's mill towns? Answer: Blackpool Question: What week was most popular to visit Lancashire's mill towns? Answer: wakes week Question: When did Lancashire emerge as a major commercialand industrial region? Answer: during the Industrial Revolution Question: In what decade was Liverpool founded? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did the Industrial Revolution start? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What percentage of all global trade went through Liverpool in the 1830's? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What percentage of the cotton was milled in Oldham? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the centre of tourism for those living in Bolton? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The phenomenalist phase of post-Humean empiricism ended by the 1940s, for by that time it had become obvious that statements about physical things could not be translated into statements about actual and possible sense data. If a physical object statement is to be translatable into a sense-data statement, the former must be at least deducible from the latter. But it came to be realized that there is no finite set of statements about actual and possible sense-data from which we can deduce even a single physical-object statement. Remember that the translating or paraphrasing statement must be couched in terms of normal observers in normal conditions of observation. There is, however, no finite set of statements that are couched in purely sensory terms and can express the satisfaction of the condition of the presence of a normal observer. According to phenomenalism, to say that a normal observer is present is to make the hypothetical statement that were a doctor to inspect the observer, the observer would appear to the doctor to be normal. But, of course, the doctor himself must be a normal observer. If we are to specify this doctor's normality in sensory terms, we must make reference to a second doctor who, when inspecting the sense organs of the first doctor, would himself have to have the sense data a normal observer has when inspecting the sense organs of a subject who is a normal observer. And if we are to specify in sensory terms that the second doctor is a normal observer, we must refer to a third doctor, and so on (also see the third man). Question: What phase of empiricism ended in the 1940s? Answer: phenomenalist Question: How can't a finite set of statements be described? Answer: in purely sensory terms Question: What is necessary to explain a doctor's normality in sensory terms? Answer: a second doctor Question: When did the phenomenalist phase begin? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was the problem of the third man published? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How must a finite set of statements be described? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many doctors do you need to satisfy the hypothetical problem? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How did it become possible for physical object statements to translate into sense-data statements? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Subjective Idealism (immaterialism or phenomenalism) describes a relationship between experience and the world in which objects are no more than collections or "bundles" of sense data in the perceiver. Proponents include Berkeley, Bishop of Cloyne, an Anglo-Irish philosopher who advanced a theory he called immaterialism, later referred to as "subjective idealism", contending that individuals can only know sensations and ideas of objects directly, not abstractions such as "matter", and that ideas also depend upon being perceived for their very existence - esse est percipi; "to be is to be perceived". Question: Along with phenomenalism, what is another term for subjective idealism? Answer: immaterialism Question: Of what see was Berkeley bishop? Answer: Cloyne Question: What was Berkeley's ethnicity? Answer: Anglo-Irish Question: What does esse est percipi mean? Answer: to be is to be perceived Question: What did Berkeley consider things like matter to be? Answer: abstractions Question: Who coined the term subjective idealism? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What philosophies run counter to subjective idealism? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is another word for sense data? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the Latin phrase meaning subjective idealism? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do not need to be perceived to exist? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Due to technical limitations, the original ReWritable CD could be written no faster than 4x speed. High Speed ReWritable CD has a different design, which permits writing at speeds ranging from 4x to 12x. Original CD-RW drives can only write to original ReWritable CDs. High Speed CD-RW drives can typically write to both original ReWritable CDs and High Speed ReWritable CDs. Both types of CD-RW discs can be read in most CD drives. Higher speed CD-RW discs, Ultra Speed (16x to 24x write speed) and Ultra Speed+ (32x write speed) are now available. Question: How fast could the first ReWritable CD be written? Answer: 4x speed Question: Which CD has writing speeds betwen 4x and 12x? Answer: High Speed ReWritable CD Question: How fast can Ultra Speed+ CDs write? Answer: 32x Question: How fast can Ultra Speed CDs write? Answer: 16x to 24x Question: What has only a 1x write speed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which type of CD-RW cannot be read on a CD drive? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Does a High Speed CD-RW drive write faster on ReWriteable CDs or High Speed ReWritable CDs? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which ReWriteable CD is most common? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Why was the original ReWriteable CD written only at speeds faster than 4x? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The entire Protestant canon of scripture is considered the inspired, inerrant word of God. Jehovah's Witnesses consider the Bible to be scientifically and historically accurate and reliable and interpret much of it literally, but accept parts of it as symbolic. They consider the Bible to be the final authority for all their beliefs, although sociologist Andrew Holden's ethnographic study of the religion concluded that pronouncements of the Governing Body, through Watch Tower Society publications, carry almost as much weight as the Bible. Regular personal Bible reading is frequently recommended; Witnesses are discouraged from formulating doctrines and "private ideas" reached through Bible research independent of Watch Tower Society publications, and are cautioned against reading other religious literature. Adherents are told to have "complete confidence" in the leadership, avoid skepticism about what is taught in the Watch Tower Society's literature, and "not advocate or insist on personal opinions or harbor private ideas when it comes to Bible understanding." The religion makes no provision for members to criticize or contribute to official teachings and all Witnesses must abide by its doctrines and organizational requirements. Question: What is considered the inspired, inerrant word of God? Answer: The entire Protestant canon Question: What do Jehovah Witnesses consider the science and history within the Bible to be? Answer: accurate Question: Whose pronouncements within Jehovah Witnesses group are considered to carry almost as much weight as the Bible? Answer: the Governing Body Question: What are members of Jehovah Witnesses cautioned against reading? Answer: other religious literature Question: What is there no provision for members of the Jehovah Witnesses to do in relation to the official teachings? Answer: criticize or contribute Question: Who is the outside foremost authority on Jehovah's Witnesses? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How often do many Jehovah's Witnesses read other religions literature? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What religion gives their adherents a lot of leeway in regards to abiding by its doctrines? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How often does Watch Tower Society put out publications nowadays? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what publication was Andrew Holden's ethnographic study of Jehovah's Witnesses published? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Carrying a Louis Vuitton backpack filled with old disks and demos to the studio and back, West crafted much of his production for his debut album in less than fifteen minutes at a time. He recorded the remainder of the album in Los Angeles while recovering from the car accident. Once he had completed the album, it was leaked months before its release date. However, West decided to use the opportunity to review the album, and The College Dropout was significantly remixed, remastered, and revised before being released. As a result, certain tracks originally destined for the album were subsequently retracted, among them "Keep the Receipt" with Ol' Dirty Bastard and "The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly" with Consequence. West meticulously refined the production, adding string arrangements, gospel choirs, improved drum programming and new verses. West's perfectionism led The College Dropout to have its release postponed three times from its initial date in August 2003. Question: What happened to Kanye's debut album that caused him to remaster most of it? Answer: it was leaked Question: How many times was the release date for Kanye's first album pushed back? Answer: 3 Question: In what city did West finish recording his first album? Answer: Los Angeles Question: How many times was The College Dropout's release put off? Answer: 3 Question: What was supposed to be the original release date for The College Dropout? Answer: August 2003
Context: Stems mainly provide support to the leaves and reproductive structures, but can store water in succulent plants such as cacti, food as in potato tubers, or reproduce vegetatively as in the stolons of strawberry plants or in the process of layering. Leaves gather sunlight and carry out photosynthesis. Large, flat, flexible, green leaves are called foliage leaves. Gymnosperms, such as conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and gnetophytes are seed-producing plants with open seeds. Angiosperms are seed-producing plants that produce flowers and have enclosed seeds. Woody plants, such as azaleas and oaks, undergo a secondary growth phase resulting in two additional types of tissues: wood (secondary xylem) and bark (secondary phloem and cork). All gymnosperms and many angiosperms are woody plants. Some plants reproduce sexually, some asexually, and some via both means. Question: What are the stems used for in cacti? Answer: store water Question: For what are leaves used? Answer: gather sunlight Question: What are angiosperms? Answer: plants that produce flowers and have enclosed seeds Question: What kind of plants are gymnosperms? Answer: woody plants Question: What kind of leaves are large and flat? Answer: foliage leaves
Context: The vast majority of devices containing LEDs are "safe under all conditions of normal use", and so are classified as "Class 1 LED product"/"LED Klasse 1". At present, only a few LEDs—extremely bright LEDs that also have a tightly focused viewing angle of 8° or less—could, in theory, cause temporary blindness, and so are classified as "Class 2". The opinion of the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES) of 2010, on the health issues concerning LEDs, suggested banning public use of lamps which were in the moderate Risk Group 2, especially those with a high blue component in places frequented by children. In general, laser safety regulations—and the "Class 1", "Class 2", etc. system—also apply to LEDs. Question: How are most LEDs classified? Answer: Class 1 LED product Question: What does being a Class 1 LED product mean? Answer: safe under all conditions of normal use Question: What type of LED can possibly cause blindness? Answer: extremely bright LEDs Question: What class are extremely bright LEDs listed as? Answer: Class 2 Question: Which government advocated the banning of Class 2 LEDs? Answer: French Question: How are most non-LEDs classified? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does being a Class 2 LED product mean? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of LED can't cause blindness? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What class are extremely dark LEDs listed as? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which government advocated the suppoert of Class 2 LEDs? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Mass of Paul VI was also in Latin but approval was given for the use of vernacular languages. There had been other instructions issued by the Pope in 1964, 1967, 1968, 1969 and 1970 which centered on the reform of all liturgies of the Roman Church. These major reforms were not welcomed by all and in all countries. The sudden apparent "outlawing" of the 400-year-old Mass, the last typical edition of which being promulgated only a few years earlier in 1962 by Paul's predecessor, Pope John XXIII, was not always explained well. Further experimentation with the new Mass by liturgists, such as the usage of pop/folk music (as opposed to the Gregorian Chant advocated by Pope Pius X), along with concurrent changes in the order of sanctuaries, was viewed by some as vandalism. In 2007, Pope Benedict XVI clarified that the 1962 Mass of John XXIII and the 1970 Mass of Paul VI are two forms of the same Roman Rite, the first, which had never been "juridically abrogated", now being an "extraordinary form of the Roman Rite", while the other "obviously is and continues to be the normal Form – the Forma ordinaria – of the Eucharistic Liturgy". Question: What type of language did Paul Vi's reforms approve for use in the Catholic mass? Answer: vernacular Question: How old was the mass reformed by Paul VI? Answer: 400-year Question: What type of music was used in traditional mass? Answer: Gregorian Chant Question: Who unified two previous popes views of the Roman Catholic Mass? Answer: Pope Benedict XVI Question: In what year were the various versions of the Catholic mass finally synthesized? Answer: 2007
Context: There are several invertebrate species whose brains have been studied intensively because they have properties that make them convenient for experimental work: Question: Which brains are easier to work on, vertebrates or invertebrates? Answer: invertebrate
Context: The Song dynasty reëstablished unity around 960. Under the Song, the prosperity of South China began to overtake that of North China. After the north was lost to the Jurchen Jin dynasty in 1127 following the Jingkang Incident, Hangzhou became the capital of the Southern Song under the name Lin'an. Renowned for its prosperity and beauty, it may have been the largest city in the world at the time. From then on, north Zhejiang and neighboring south Jiangsu have been synonymous with luxury and opulence in Chinese culture. The Mongol conquest and the establishment of the Yuan dynasty in 1279 ended Hangzhou's political clout, but its economy continued to prosper. Marco Polo visited the city, which he called "Kinsay" (after the Chinese Jingshi, meaning "Capital City") claiming it was "the finest and noblest city in the world". Question: When did the Song dynasty reestablish unity around? Answer: 960 Question: When was the North lost to the Jurchen Jin dynasty? Answer: 1127 Question: What was Hangzhou known as while the capitol of the Southern Song? Answer: Lin'an Question: When was the Yuan dynasty established? Answer: Lin'an Question: What did Marco Polo call Lin'an when he visited it? Answer: Kinsay Question: What happened in 950? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who dissolved in 960? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What happened in 1126? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was the south lost to the Jurchen Jin dynasty? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Ptolemy, a somatophylax, one of the seven bodyguards who served as Alexander the Great's generals and deputies, was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexander's death in 323 BC. In 305 BC, he declared himself King Ptolemy I, later known as "Soter" (saviour) for his role in helping the Rhodians during the siege of Rhodes. Ptolemy built new cities such as Ptolemais Hermiou in upper Egypt and settled his veterans throughout the country, especially in the region of the Faiyum. Alexandria, a major center of Greek culture and trade, became his capital city. As Egypt's first port city, it was the main grain exporter in the Mediterranean. Question: Who was appointed satrap of Egypt after Alexander's death? Answer: Ptolemy Question: When did Alexander die and Ptolemy assume his position? Answer: 323 BC Question: When did Ptolemy declare himself King Ptolemy I? Answer: 305 BC Question: What nickname did Rhodians give Ptolemy? Answer: Soter Question: Where did Ptolemy settle his most of his veterans? Answer: Faiyum
Context: In the 9th century, the rise of the cult of the Apostle James in Santiago de Compostela gave Galicia a particular symbolic importance among Christians, an importance it would hold throughout the Reconquista. As the Middle Ages went on, Santiago became a major pilgrim destination and the Way of Saint James (Camiño de Santiago) a major pilgrim road, a route for the propagation of Romanesque art and the words and music of the troubadors. During the 10th and 11th centuries, a period during which Galician nobility become related to the royal family, Galicia was at times headed by its own native kings, while Vikings (locally known as Leodemanes or Lordomanes) occasionally raided the coasts. The Towers of Catoira (Pontevedra) were built as a system of fortifications to prevent and stop the Viking raids on Santiago de Compostela. Question: Which cult arose in Galicia during the 9th century? Answer: Apostle James Question: Where was this cult based in? Answer: Santiago de Compostela Question: Name the road that lead there. Answer: Way of Saint James Question: What did Galicians call the Vikings? Answer: Leodemanes or Lordomanes Question: To stop the Vikings from raiding, what did the Galicians build as a defense system? Answer: Towers of Catoira
Context: In 2009, Hispanic and Latino Americans represented 52.0% of the Bronx's population. Puerto Ricans represented 23.2% of the borough's population. Over 72,500 Mexicans lived in the Bronx, and they formed 5.2% of the population. Cubans numbered over 9,640 members and formed 0.7% of the population. In addition, over 319,000 people were of various Hispanic and Latino groups, such as Dominican, Salvadoran, and so on. These groups collectively represented 22.9% of the population. At the 2010 Census, 53.5% of Bronx's population was of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin (they may be of any race). Asian Americans are a small but sizable minority in the borough. Roughly 49,600 Asians make up 3.6% of the population. Roughly 13,600 Indians call the Bronx home, along with 9,800 Chinese, 6,540 Filipinos, 2,260 Vietnamese, 2,010 Koreans, and 1,100 Japanese. Question: What percent of the Bronx is Hispanic and Latino Americans? Answer: 52.0% Question: What percent of the Bronx is Puerto Rican? Answer: 23.2% Question: What percent of the Bronx is Mexican? Answer: 5.2% Question: What percent of the Bronx is Cuban? Answer: 0.7% Question: What percent of the Bronx is Asian? Answer: 3.6%
Context: In 1989, Prince Andrew launched the replacement RMS St Helena to serve the island; the vessel was specially built for the Cardiff–Cape Town route and features a mixed cargo/passenger layout. Question: What year was the replacement for the RMS St Helena launched? Answer: 1989 Question: Who launched the replacement RMS St Helena? Answer: Prince Andrew Question: What route was the replacement RMS St Helena built for? Answer: Cardiff–Cape Town route Question: What kind of layout did the RMS St Helena have? Answer: a mixed cargo/passenger layout.
Context: Vowel length is not always considered a distinctive feature in Dutch phonology, because it normally co-occurs with changes in vowel quality. One feature or the other may be considered redundant, and some phonemic analyses prefer to treat it as an opposition of tenseness. However, even if not considered part of the phonemic opposition, the long/tense vowels are still realised as phonetically longer than their short counterparts. The changes in vowel quality are also not always the same in all dialects, and in some there may be little difference at all, with length remaining the primary distinguishing feature. And while it is true that older words always pair vowel length with a change in vowel quality, new loanwords have reintroduced phonemic oppositions of length. Compare zonne(n) [ˈzɔnə] ("suns") versus zone [ˈzɔːnə] ("zone") versus zonen [ˈzoːnə(n)] ("sons"), or kroes [krus] ("mug") versus cruise [kruːs] ("cruise"). Question: What quality of Dutch vowels isn't usually recognized as distinctive? Answer: length Question: Is it true or false that older Dutch words combine changes in vowel length and vowel quality? Answer: true Question: How would you say "sons" in Dutch? Answer: zonen Question: Since vowel quality changes might be very slight between dialects, what's the main vowel feature used to differentiate them? Answer: length Question: What does the Dutch word "kroes" mean in English? Answer: mug
Context: Federations often have special procedures for amendment of the federal constitution. As well as reflecting the federal structure of the state this may guarantee that the self-governing status of the component states cannot be abolished without their consent. An amendment to the constitution of the United States must be ratified by three-quarters of either the state legislatures, or of constitutional conventions specially elected in each of the states, before it can come into effect. In referendums to amend the constitutions of Australia and Switzerland it is required that a proposal be endorsed not just by an overall majority of the electorate in the nation as a whole, but also by separate majorities in each of a majority of the states or cantons. In Australia, this latter requirement is known as a double majority. Question: What does federations have for amendments of the constitution? Answer: special procedures Question: What may guarantee the self-governing status of the competent states? Answer: federal structure Question: What needs to be done in order to amend the Australia and Switzerland Constitution? Answer: required that a proposal be endorsed not just by an overall majority of the electorate in the nation as a whole Question: What doesn't federations have for amendments of the constitution? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does federations have for amendments of the conservation? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What may guarantee the self-governing status of the incompetent states? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What will not guarantee the self-governing status of the competent states? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What doesn't need to be done in order to amend the Australia and Switzerland Constitution? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Safari and Mobile Safari were likewise always included with OS X and iOS respectively, so, similarly, they were originally funded by sales of Apple computers and mobile devices, and formed part of the overall Apple experience to customers. Question: What browser was automatically included with OS X? Answer: Safari Question: What are mobile devices included with? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What were sales of Apple computers funded by? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was Apple originally funded by? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did Apple customers provide to Apple? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do the OS X and i OS provide? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: When they lost power, the old Whig leadership dissolved into a decade of factional chaos with distinct "Grenvillite", "Bedfordite", "Rockinghamite", and "Chathamite" factions successively in power, and all referring to themselves as "Whigs". Out of this chaos, the first distinctive parties emerged. The first such party was the Rockingham Whigs under the leadership of Charles Watson-Wentworth and the intellectual guidance of the political philosopher Edmund Burke. Burke laid out a philosophy that described the basic framework of the political party as "a body of men united for promoting by their joint endeavours the national interest, upon some particular principle in which they are all agreed". As opposed to the instability of the earlier factions, which were often tied to a particular leader and could disintegrate if removed from power, the party was centred around a set of core principles and remained out of power as a united opposition to government. Question: Who was the first distinctive Whig party that emerged from the chaos? Answer: the Rockingham Whigs Question: Who was the leader of the Rockingham Whigs? Answer: Charles Watson-Wentworth Question: What was the description for the basic framework of the Rockingham Whigs party? Answer: "a body of men united for promoting by their joint endeavours the national interest, upon some particular principle in which they are all agreed" Question: Did the Rockingham Whigs ever regain power as a opposition to the government? Answer: remained out of power as a united opposition to government. Question: Who was the Bedfordite faction tied to that made them unstable? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How long did Edmund Burke remain a philosopher? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What group was lead by Edmund Burke? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What happened when Edmund Burke was removed from power? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What description was the basic framework for government created by Chathamite factions? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: A large portion of music played on this format are either considered oldies or recurrent. It often deals with modern romantic and sexual relationships (and sometimes other adult themes such as work, raising children, and family) in a thoughtful and complex way. Soft AC, which has never minded keeping songs in high rotation literally for years in some cases, does not appear necessarily to be facing similar pressures to expand its format. Soft AC includes a larger amount of older music, especially classic R&B, soul, and 1960s and 1970s music, than hot AC. Question: Along with romantic and sexual relationships, family and work, what do soft adult contemporary songs sometimes discuss? Answer: raising children Question: Music from what two decades is notably featured on the soft AC format? Answer: 1960s and 1970s Question: Along with classic R&B, what genre is notably featured on soft AC stations? Answer: soul Question: What radio station format is soft AC often contrasted with? Answer: hot AC
Context: In 1998, Apple introduced its new iMac which, like the original 128K Mac, was an all-in-one computer. Its translucent plastic case, originally Bondi blue and later various additional colors, is considered an industrial design landmark of the late 1990s. The iMac did away with most of Apple's standard (and usually proprietary) connections, such as SCSI and ADB, in favor of two USB ports. It replaced a floppy disk drive with a CD-ROM drive for installing software, but was incapable of writing to CDs or other media without external third-party hardware. The iMac proved to be phenomenally successful, with 800,000 units sold in 139 days. It made the company an annual profit of US$309 million, Apple's first profitable year since Michael Spindler took over as CEO in 1995. This aesthetic was applied to the Power Macintosh and later the iBook, Apple's first consumer-level laptop computer, filling the missing quadrant of Apple's "four-square product matrix" (desktop and portable products for both consumers and professionals). More than 140,000 pre-orders were placed before it started shipping in September, and by October proved to be a large success. Question: What color was Apples new iMac, which was introduced in 1998? Answer: Bondi blue Question: What did the iMac replace most of Apple's standard connections with? Answer: two USB ports Question: What did the iMac replace the floppy disk drive with? Answer: a CD-ROM drive Question: What did the iMac need to use in order to write CDs or other media? Answer: external third-party hardware Question: How many iMac units sold in the first 139 days? Answer: 800,000 Question: What color was Apples new iMac, which was introduced in 1999? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did the iMac replace most of Microsoft's standard connections with? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did the iMac replace the hard disk drive with? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did the iMac need to use in order to read CDs or other media? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many iMac units sold in the first 193 days? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The proportion of repetitive DNA is calculated by using length of repetitive DNA divide by genome size. There are two categories of repetitive DNA in genome: tandem repeats and interspersed repeats. Question: What are two types of repetitive DNA found in genomes? Answer: tandem repeats and interspersed repeats Question: What is found by dividing size of repetitive DNA by length of total genome? Answer: proportion of repetitive DNA Question: What are two examples of genome size? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do you use to calculate genome size? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How do you calculate tandem repeats? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are interspersed repeats divided by to get the proportion of repetitive DNA? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What do you get when dividing tandem repeats by interspersed repeats? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: From 1877 to 1878, the area suffered a rash of stagecoach robberies. Most notable, however, were the two holdups committed by masked road-agent William Whitney Brazelton. Brazelton held up two stages in the summer of 1878 near Point of Mountain Station approximately 17 mi (27 km) northwest of Tucson. John Clum, of Tombstone, Arizona fame was one of the passengers. Brazelton was eventually tracked down and killed on Monday August 19, 1878, in a mesquite bosque along the Santa Cruz River 3 miles (5 km) south of Tucson by Pima County Sheriff Charles A. Shibell and his citizen's posse. Brazelton had been suspected of highway robbery not only in the Tucson area, but also in the Prescott region and Silver City, New Mexico area as well. Brazelton's crimes prompted John J. Valentine, Sr. of Wells, Fargo & Co. to send special agent and future Pima County sheriff Bob Paul to investigate. Fort Lowell, then east of Tucson, was established to help protect settlers from Apache attacks. In 1882, Frank Stilwell was implicated in the murder of Morgan Earp by Cowboy Pete Spence's wife, Marietta, at the coroner's inquest on Morgan Earp's shooting. The coroner's jury concluded that Spence, Stilwell, Frederick Bode, and Florentino "Indian Charlie" Cruz were the prime suspects in the assassination of Morgan Earp. :250 Deputy U.S. Marshal Wyatt Earp gathered a few trusted friends and accompanied Virgil Earp and his family as they traveled to Benson for a train ride to California. They found Stilwell lying in wait for Virgil in the Tucson station and killed him on the tracks. After killing Stilwell, Wyatt deputized others and rode on a vendetta, killing three more cowboys over the next few days before leaving the state. Question: What date did William Whitney Brazelton Die? Answer: August 19, 1878 Question: What is the name of the sheriff who shot William Whitney Brazelton? Answer: Charles A. Shibell Question: Who was held responsible for the murder of Morgan Earp? Answer: Frank Stilwell Question: What was Wyatt Earp's job title? Answer: Deputy U.S. Marshal Question: What Deputy was responsible for the death of Frank Stiwell? Answer: Wyatt Earp Question: What crime increased in the Tucson area in 1877? Answer: stagecoach robberies Question: Who was the most famous stagecoach robber in the Tucson area? Answer: William Whitney Brazelton Question: When was Brazelton killed? Answer: August 19, 1878 Question: Who killed Brazelton? Answer: Charles A. Shibell and his citizen's posse Question: What was Shibell's job? Answer: Pima County Sheriff
Context: Proto-Slavic, the supposed ancestor language of all Slavic languages, is a descendant of common Proto-Indo-European, via a Balto-Slavic stage in which it developed numerous lexical and morphophonological isoglosses with the Baltic languages. In the framework of the Kurgan hypothesis, "the Indo-Europeans who remained after the migrations [from the steppe] became speakers of Balto-Slavic". Question: What is the supposed ancestor of all Slavic languages? Answer: Proto-Slavic Question: Proto-Slavic developed numerous lexical and morphophonological isoglosses with what languages? Answer: Baltic languages Question: The Indo-Europeans who remained after the migrations became speakers of what? Answer: Balto-Slavic Question: Who became speakers of Balto-Slavic? Answer: Indo-Europeans Question: Proto-Slavic is a descendant of what? Answer: Proto-Indo-European Question: What does Proto-Indo-European descend from? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How did Proto-Slavic become the ancestor language to all Slavic? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did Proto-Indo-European form with Balto languages? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What proposes the Indo-Europeans that migrated became speakers of Balto-Slavic? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Victoria wrote to her uncle Leopold, whom Victoria considered her "best and kindest adviser", to thank him "for the prospect of great happiness you have contributed to give me, in the person of dear Albert ... He possesses every quality that could be desired to render me perfectly happy. He is so sensible, so kind, and so good, and so amiable too. He has besides the most pleasing and delightful exterior and appearance you can possibly see." However at 17, Victoria, though interested in Albert, was not yet ready to marry. The parties did not undertake a formal engagement, but assumed that the match would take place in due time. Question: Who was considered Victoria's best and kindest advisor? Answer: uncle Leopold Question: Who did Victoria describe as sensible, kind, and amiable? Answer: Albert Question: Who introduced Albert to Victoria? Answer: uncle Leopold Question: What Uncle was Victoria's favorite adviser? Answer: Leopold Question: How old was Victoria when she met Albert? Answer: 17 Question: Who introduced Victoria and Albert? Answer: her uncle Leopold Question: What qualities did Victoria believe Albert posessed when she met him? Answer: every quality that could be desired to render me perfectly happy Question: Whom did Queen Victoria consider her "best and kindest adviser"? Answer: uncle Leopold Question: Who was Victoria not ready to marry at age 17? Answer: Albert Question: What was Victoria's opinion of Albert's appearance? Answer: the most pleasing and delightful exterior Question: Who did Victoria credit for her relationship to Albert? Answer: her uncle Leopold Question: What did Victoria think of Albert at 17 years of age? Answer: He possesses every quality that could be desired to render me perfectly happy Question: What were Albert's best qualities? Answer: sensible, so kind, and so good, and so amiable Question: How did Victoria find Albert's looks? Answer: most pleasing and delightful exterior and appearance Question: How old was Victoria when she was introduced to Albert? Answer: 17 Question: Who was considered Victoria's worst and kindest advisor? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who did Victoria describe as unsensible, mean, and amiable? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who never introduced Albert to Victoria? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What Aunt was Victoria's favorite adviser? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How old was Victoria when she last met Albert? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Greece has the largest merchant navy in the world, accounting for more than 15% of the world's total deadweight tonnage (dwt) according to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. The Greek merchant navy's total dwt of nearly 245 million is comparable only to Japan's, which is ranked second with almost 224 million. Additionally, Greece represents 39.52% of all of the European Union's dwt. However, today's fleet roster is smaller than an all-time high of 5,000 ships in the late 1970s. Question: What does Greece have the largest of in the world? Answer: merchant navy Question: Greece's navy accounts for more than what percentage of the world's total deadweight tonnage? Answer: 15% Question: What is the Greek merchant navy's total dwt? Answer: 245 million Question: What percentage of the entire EU's dwt does Greece alone represent? Answer: 39.52% Question: How many ships did Greece's navy have in the late 1970s? Answer: 5,000 Question: What does Greece have the smallest of in the world? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many ships did Greece's navy lose in the late 1970s? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What percentage of the entire EU's dwt does Greece alone avoid? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the Greek merchant navy's incorrect dwt? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What percentage of Greece's navy accounts for less than the world's total deadweight tonnage? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In May 2015, a coalition of more than 60 Asian-American organizations filed federal complaints with the Education and Justice Departments against Harvard University. The coalition asked for a civil rights investigation into what they described as Harvard's discriminatory admission practices against Asian-American applicants. The complaint asserts that recent studies indicate that Harvard has engaged in systematic and continuous discrimination against Asian Americans in its "holistic" admissions process. Asian-American applicants with near-perfect test scores, top-one-percent grade point averages, academic awards, and leadership positions are allegedly rejected by Harvard because the university uses racial stereotypes, racially differentiated standards, and de facto racial quotas. This federal complaint was dismissed in July 2015 because the Students for Fair Admissions lawsuit makes similar allegations. Question: How many Asian organizations were involved in filing the federal complaints? Answer: more than 60 Question: Who did the organizations file the complaints with? Answer: Education and Justice Departments Question: Who was the target of the filing? Answer: Harvard University Question: What grade average do some students have that are being rejected? Answer: top-one-percent grade point averages Question: Why was the lawsuit eventually dismissed? Answer: the Students for Fair Admissions lawsuit makes similar allegations Question: How many Asian organizations weren't involved in filing the federal complaints? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who did the organizations not file the complaints with? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was not the target of the filing? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What grade average do some students have that aren't being rejected? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Chengdu Hi-tech Development Zone covers an area of 82.5 km2 (31.9 sq mi), consisting of the South Park and the West Park. By relying on the city sub-center, which is under construction, the South Park is focusing on creating a modernized industrial park of science and technology with scientific and technological innovation, incubation R&D, modern service industry and Headquarters economy playing leading roles. Priority has been given to the development of software industry. Located on both sides of the "Chengdu-Dujiangyan-Jiuzhaigou" golden tourism channel, the West Park aims at building a comprehensive industrial park targeting at industrial clustering with complete supportive functions. The West Park gives priority to three major industries i.e. electronic information, biomedicine and precision machinery. Question: Which Parks make up the Chengdu Hi-tech Development Zone? Answer: South Park and the West Park Question: What is the focus of the South Park? Answer: creating a modernized industrial park of science and technology Question: Which industries does West Park give priority to? Answer: electronic information, biomedicine and precision machinery Question: What industry does South Park give priority to? Answer: software industry Question: What development zone covers 82.5 square miles? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the West park doing by focusing on the city sub-center? Answer: Unanswerable Question: BWhat industry does South Park give priority to other than electronic informatiom? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which Parks make up the incubation R&D? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the focus of the tourism channel? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which industries do both sides give priority to? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What covers and area of 31.9 Km2? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What targets cities with complete supportive functions? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: On March 22, 2012, the Somali Cabinet unanimously approved the National Communications Act, which paves the way for the establishment of a National Communications regulator in the broadcasting and telecommunications sectors. The bill was passed following consultations between government representatives and communications, academic and civil society stakeholders. According to the Ministry of Information, Posts and Telecommunication, the Act is expected to create an environment conducive to investment and the certainty it provides will encourage further infrastructural development, resulting in more efficient service delivery. Question: What year was the national Communications act enacted? Answer: 2012 Question: What Act clears the way for a National Communications Regulator? Answer: the National Communications Act Question: What types of stakeholders consulted on the bill to enact the National Communications Act? Answer: academic and civil society Question: The National Communications Act is expected to create and invironment favorable for what? Answer: investment Question: Continued infrastructure development results in more efficient what? Answer: service delivery Question: How many people approved the National Communications Act? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When will the National Communications Regulator be put into place? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What sectors are unaffected by this act? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which stakeholders were not consulted? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who is the Somali Cabinet made up of? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: When the Archbishop of Canterbury, Hubert Walter, died on 13 July 1205, John became involved in a dispute with Pope Innocent III that would lead to the king's excommunication. The Norman and Angevin kings had traditionally exercised a great deal of power over the church within their territories. From the 1040s onwards, however, successive popes had put forward a reforming message that emphasised the importance of the church being "governed more coherently and more hierarchically from the centre" and established "its own sphere of authority and jurisdiction, separate from and independent of that of the lay ruler", in the words of historian Richard Huscroft. After the 1140s, these principles had been largely accepted within the English church, albeit with an element of concern about centralising authority in Rome. These changes brought the customary rights of lay rulers such as John over ecclesiastical appointments into question. Pope Innocent was, according to historian Ralph Turner, an "ambitious and aggressive" religious leader, insistent on his rights and responsibilities within the church. Question: When did Hubert Walter die? Answer: 13 July 1205 Question: What lead to the king's excommunication? Answer: a dispute with Pope Innocent III Question: Who said Pope Innocent was an ambitious and aggressive religious leader? Answer: historian Ralph Turner
Context: If Norman was apparently attempting to change British policy, it was perhaps William Miller (1864–1945), journalist and expert on the Near East, who did the most in that direction. In essence, he signed the death warrant, so to speak, of the Age of Empires. The fall of the Ottoman Empire ultimately enmeshed all the others as well. In the Travel and Politics in the Near East, 1898, Miller claimed to have made four trips to the Balkans, 1894, 1896, 1897 and 1898, and to be, in essence, an expert on "the Near East," by which he primarily meant the Balkans. Apart from the fact that he attended Oxford and played Rugby not many biographical details have been promulgated. He was in effect (whatever his formal associations if any) a point man of British near eastern intelligence. Question: What was William Miller's life span? Answer: 1864–1945 Question: What was William Miller an expert on? Answer: the Near East Question: So to speak, what did William Miller do? Answer: signed the death warrant, so to speak, of the Age of Empires Question: Where did Miller attend school? Answer: Oxford
Context: The compression works by reducing the accuracy of certain parts of a sound that are considered to be beyond the auditory resolution ability of most people. This method is commonly referred to as perceptual coding. It uses psychoacoustic models to discard or reduce precision of components less audible to human hearing, and then records the remaining information in an efficient manner. Question: What does the compression target in the song? Answer: accuracy Question: The targetting focuses on what aspect that is beyond the ability of most people? Answer: auditory resolution Question: What is this method commonly referred to as? Answer: perceptual coding Question: What kind of model is used in this kind of compression? Answer: psychoacoustic Question: These models ensure that the precision is reduced for the components that are what to human hearing? Answer: less audible
Context: In practice, not all rule violations will result in a disqualification as the referee may use their own judgement and is not obligated to stop the match. Usually, the only offenses that the referee will see and immediately disqualify the match on (as opposed to having multiple offenses) are low blows, weapon usage, interference, or assaulting the referee. In WWE, a referee must see the violation with their own eyes to rule that the match end in a disqualification (simply watching the video tape is not usually enough) and the referee's ruling is almost always final, although Dusty finishes (named after, and made famous by, Dusty Rhodes) will often result in the referee's decision being overturned. It is not uncommon for the referees themselves to get knocked out during a match, which is commonly referred to by the term "ref bump". While the referee remains "unconscious", wrestlers are free to violate rules until the referee is revived or replaced. In some cases, a referee might disqualify a person under the presumption that it was that wrestler who knocked them out; most referee knockouts are arranged to allow a wrestler, usually a heel, to gain an advantage. For example, a wrestler may get whipped into a referee at a slower speed, knocking the ref down for short amount of time; during that interim period, one wrestler may pin their opponent for a three-count and would have won the match but for the referee being down (sometimes, another referee will sprint to the ring from backstage to attempt to make the count, but by then, the other wrestler has had enough time to kick-out on their own accord). Question: What are the usual reasons for an automatic disqualification? Answer: low blows, weapon usage, interference, or assaulting the referee Question: What must the referee do to rule the match at an end via disqualification? Answer: must see the violation with their own eyes Question: In what case can a referee's decision be overturned? Answer: Dusty finishes Question: What is it called when a ref is knocked out? Answer: ref bump Question: What can wrestlers do when a ref is out? Answer: free to violate rules
Context: The head of state of Delhi is the Lieutenant Governor of the Union Territory of Delhi, appointed by the President of India on the advice of the Central government and the post is largely ceremonial, as the Chief Minister of the Union Territory of Delhi is the head of government and is vested with most of the executive powers. According to the Indian constitution, if a law passed by Delhi's legislative assembly is repugnant to any law passed by the Parliament of India, then the law enacted by the parliament will prevail over the law enacted by the assembly. Question: What is the official title of Delhi's head of state? Answer: Lieutenant Governor of the Union Territory of Delhi Question: Who is responsible for appointing the Lieutenant Governor of the Union Territory of Delhi? Answer: President of India Question: Which takes precedent when a law passed by Parliament conflicts with a law passed by Delhi's Legislative assembly? Answer: the law enacted by the parliament Question: What government body advises the president on appointing a Lieutenant Governor? Answer: the Central government Question: Which government position is given most of the executive powers over Delhi? Answer: Chief Minister of the Union Territory of Delhi
Context: The World Bank reported in February 2009 that the Arab World was far less severely affected by the credit crunch. With generally good balance of payments positions coming into the crisis or with alternative sources of financing for their large current account deficits, such as remittances, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) or foreign aid, Arab countries were able to avoid going to the market in the latter part of 2008. This group is in the best position to absorb the economic shocks. They entered the crisis in exceptionally strong positions. This gives them a significant cushion against the global downturn. The greatest impact of the global economic crisis will come in the form of lower oil prices, which remains the single most important determinant of economic performance. Steadily declining oil prices would force them to draw down reserves and cut down on investments. Significantly lower oil prices could cause a reversal of economic performance as has been the case in past oil shocks. Initial impact will be seen on public finances and employment for foreign workers. Question: What area of the world was less severely affected by the credit crunch according to The World Bank report In February 2009? Answer: Arab World Question: What does the abbreviation FDI stand for? Answer: Foreign Direct Investment Question: Arab countries entered the financial crisis in exceptionally strong positions giving them a cushion against this? Answer: global downturn Question: What will have the greatest impact on the global economic crisis? Answer: lower oil prices Question: What is the single most important determinant of economic performance? Answer: oil prices
Context: The second presidential debate was held at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, on October 8, moderated by Charles Gibson of ABC. Conducted in a town meeting format, less formal than the first presidential debate, this debate saw Bush and Kerry taking questions on a variety of subjects from a local audience. Bush attempted to deflect criticism of what was described as his scowling demeanor during the first debate, joking at one point about one of Kerry's remarks, "That answer made me want to scowl." Question: Where was the second debate for presidency held? Answer: Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri Question: Was the second debate held in a rigid, formalistic manner? Answer: town meeting format, less formal Question: Was there a specific topic as the main focus for the second debate? Answer: taking questions on a variety of subjects from a local audience Question: Who was the moderator of the second debate, held at the Washington University? Answer: Charles Gibson Question: How did Bush try to make light of himself after being made fun of for his demeanor during the first debate? Answer: joking at one point about one of Kerry's remarks, "That answer made me want to scowl." Question: When was Charles Gibson first hired at ABC? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What style did Charles Gibson usually use when hosting a news broadcast? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who usually watches Charles Gibson when he is on ABC news? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What kind of comments does Charles Gibson use when in a difficult interview? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was Charles Gibson's comment about Bush's answer to his first question? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Śīla (Sanskrit) or sīla (Pāli) is usually translated into English as "virtuous behavior", "morality", "moral discipline", "ethics" or "precept". It is an action committed through the body, speech, or mind, and involves an intentional effort. It is one of the three practices (sīla, samādhi, and paññā) and the second pāramitā. It refers to moral purity of thought, word, and deed. The four conditions of śīla are chastity, calmness, quiet, and extinguishment. Question: What is an action committed through the body and involves intentional effort? Answer: Śīla Question: Sila is the second what? Answer: pāramitā
Context: As the 10th century progressed, the Khazars were no longer able to command tribute from the Volga Bulgars, and their relationship with the Byzantines deteriorated, as Byzantium increasingly allied with the Pechenegs against them. The Pechenegs were thus secure to raid the lands of the Khazars from their base between the Volga and Don rivers, allowing them to expand to the west. Rus' relations with the Pechenegs were complex, as the groups alternately formed alliances with and against one another. The Pechenegs were nomads roaming the steppe raising livestock which they traded with the Rus' for agricultural goods and other products. The lucrative Rus' trade with the Byzantine Empire had to pass through Pecheneg-controlled territory, so the need for generally peaceful relations was essential. Nevertheless, while the Primary Chronicle reports the Pechenegs entering Rus' territory in 915 and then making peace, they were waging war with one another again in 920. Pechenegs are reported assisting the Rus' in later campaigns against the Byzantines, yet allied with the Byzantines against the Rus' at other times. Question: Around what time did the Khazars unable to no longer command tribute from Volga? Answer: 10th century Question: Who did the Byzantium ally with against the Khazar's? Answer: Pechenegs Question: What did the Pechenges trade with the Rus? Answer: livestock Question: Who was able to command tribute in the 10th century? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Whose relationship with Khazars improved? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was written in 915? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did the Pechenges refuse to trade with the Rus? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who was making peace with the Rus in 920? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Hydrogen was liquefied for the first time by James Dewar in 1898 by using regenerative cooling and his invention, the vacuum flask. He produced solid hydrogen the next year. Deuterium was discovered in December 1931 by Harold Urey, and tritium was prepared in 1934 by Ernest Rutherford, Mark Oliphant, and Paul Harteck. Heavy water, which consists of deuterium in the place of regular hydrogen, was discovered by Urey's group in 1932. François Isaac de Rivaz built the first de Rivaz engine, an internal combustion engine powered by a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen in 1806. Edward Daniel Clarke invented the hydrogen gas blowpipe in 1819. The Döbereiner's lamp and limelight were invented in 1823. Question: Who was the first to liquidize hydrogen? Answer: James Dewar Question: In what year Did James Dewar first liquidize hydrogen? Answer: 1898 Question: What year was Deuterium discovered? Answer: 1931 Question: Who was the first to discover deuterium? Answer: Harold Urey Question: What year was tritium discovered? Answer: 1934
Context: The city hosts numerous theatres and production houses, including the Yale Repertory Theatre, the Long Wharf Theatre, and the Shubert Theatre. There is also theatre activity from the Yale School of Drama, which works through the Yale University Theatre and the student-run Yale Cabaret. Southern Connecticut State University hosts the Lyman Center for the Performing Arts. The shuttered Palace Theatre (opposite the Shubert Theatre) is being renovated and will reopen as the College Street Music Hall in May, 2015. Smaller theatres include the Little Theater on Lincoln Street. Cooperative Arts and Humanities High School also boasts a state-of-the-art theatre on College Street. The theatre is used for student productions as well as the home to weekly services to a local non-denominational church, the City Church New Haven. Question: In addition to Yale Reparatory Theatre, what are two additional major theatre houses located in New Haven? Answer: Long Wharf Theatre, and the Shubert Theatre Question: What is the name of the student-run group at Yale University provides theatrical productions in New Haven? Answer: Yale Cabaret Question: What New Haven performance venue is hosted by Southern Connecticut State University? Answer: Lyman Center for the Performing Arts Question: What was the original name of the College Street Music Hall? Answer: Palace Theatre Question: In what year did the newly renovated College Street Music Hall reopen? Answer: 2015 Question: What theater sits on Yale's campus? Answer: Yale University Theatre Question: The Southern Connecticut State University has it own theater as while, it's name? Answer: Lyman Center Question: What theater is currently under renovation in the city? Answer: The shuttered Palace Theatre Question: What school in New Haven is known for it's theater being used by both students and church? Answer: Cooperative Arts and Humanities High School Question: Yale also has a theater managed by its' own student, then name? Answer: Yale Cabaret.
Context: By the mid-7th century, English and Irish missionaries set out to convert the Frisians. The pope appointed their leader, Willibrordus, bishop of the Frisians. The tenure of Willibrordus is generally considered to be the beginning of the Bishopric of Utrecht. In 723, the Frankish leader Charles Martel bestowed the fortress in Utrecht and the surrounding lands as the base of the bishops. From then on Utrecht became one of the most influential seats of power for the Roman Catholic Church in the Netherlands. The archbishops of Utrecht were based at the uneasy northern border of the Carolingian Empire. In addition, the city of Utrecht had competition from the nearby trading centre Dorestad. After the fall of Dorestad around 850, Utrecht became one of the most important cities in the Netherlands. The importance of Utrecht as a centre of Christianity is illustrated by the election of the Utrecht-born Adriaan Florenszoon Boeyens as pope in 1522 (the last non-Italian pope before John Paul II). Question: Who tried to convert Frisians Answer: English and Irish missionaries set out to convert the Frisians Question: Who did the pope appoint Bishop Answer: The pope appointed their leader, Willibrordus, bishop of the Frisians Question: What did Charles Martel do Answer: Frankish leader Charles Martel bestowed the fortress in Utrecht and the surrounding lands as the base of the bishops Question: What year did Utrecht gain in power Answer: After the fall of Dorestad around 850, Utrecht became one of the most important cities in the Netherlands Question: What showed the importance of Utrecht Answer: Utrecht as a centre of Christianity is illustrated by the election of the Utrecht-born Adriaan Florenszoon Boeyens as pope in 1522 Question: Who tried to convert the Frisians in the 700's? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who gave the fortress at Utrecht to the bishops? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What city fell in the 8th century? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture is not necessarily a one way process. It has been argued that hunting and gathering represents an adaptive strategy, which may still be exploited, if necessary, when environmental change causes extreme food stress for agriculturalists. In fact, it is sometimes difficult to draw a clear line between agricultural and hunter-gatherer societies, especially since the widespread adoption of agriculture and resulting cultural diffusion that has occurred in the last 10,000 years.[citation needed] This anthropological view has remained unchanged since the 1960s.[clarification needed][citation needed] Question: What is hunting and gathering argued to be? Answer: adaptive strategy Question: What situation can cause food stresses that make hunting-gathering necessary? Answer: environmental change Question: What change from hunting and gathering to agriculture is not easy to mark? Answer: transition Question: Besides the use of agriculture, what other factor clouds the issue of the transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture? Answer: cultural diffusion Question: How long has this cultural diffusion been happening? Answer: last 10,000 years Question: The transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture is always a what process? Answer: Unanswerable Question: It is easy to draw a clear line between what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The adaptive strategy has remained unchanged since what decade? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When will hunting and gathering never be exploited? Answer: Unanswerable Question: The resulting cultural infusion has occurred in the last how many years? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Quakers, or Friends, are members of a family of religious movements collectively known as the Religious Society of Friends. The central unifying doctrine of these movements is the priesthood of all believers. Many Friends view themselves as members of a Christian denomination. They include those with evangelical, holiness, liberal, and traditional conservative Quaker understandings of Christianity. Unlike many other groups that emerged within Christianity, the Religious Society of Friends has actively tried to avoid creeds and hierarchical structures. Question: What is another informal name for Quaker? Answer: Friends Question: What is the Quakers unifying belief? Answer: the priesthood of all believers Question: What have the Quakers tried to avoid? Answer: creeds and hierarchical structures Question: What collective movement are the Quakers associated with? Answer: the Religious Society of Friends Question: What types of Christianity do Quakers belong to? Answer: evangelical, holiness, liberal, and traditional conservative
Context: In 2009, the Internet Archive migrated its customized storage architecture to Sun Open Storage, and hosts a new data center in a Sun Modular Datacenter on Sun Microsystems' California campus. Question: When did Internet Archive chance its platform for data storage? Answer: 2009 Question: Which platform did Internet Archive adopt in 2009? Answer: Sun Open Storage Question: Where does Internet archive run a datacenter? Answer: Sun Microsystems' California campus Question: When did Internet Archive chance its platform for California? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which campus did Internet Archive adopt 2009? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where does Internet archive run a sun storage center? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did the Internet Archive leave California? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What state is home to the first data center? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: There have been modern studies that have supported the original autopsy finding. In a 2008 study, researchers analysed samples of Napoleon's hair from throughout his life, as well as samples from his family and other contemporaries. All samples had high levels of arsenic, approximately 100 times higher than the current average. According to these researchers, Napoleon's body was already heavily contaminated with arsenic as a boy, and the high arsenic concentration in his hair was not caused by intentional poisoning; people were constantly exposed to arsenic from glues and dyes throughout their lives.[note 7] Studies published in 2007 and 2008 dismissed evidence of arsenic poisoning, and confirmed evidence of peptic ulcer and gastric cancer as the cause of death. Question: Studies published in 2007 and 2008 dismiss what possible cause of Napoleon's death? Answer: arsenic poisoning Question: Studies published in 2007 and 2008 support what possible causes of Napoleon's death? Answer: peptic ulcer and gastric cancer Question: A 2008 study supporting the original autopsy findings related to Napoleon's death analyzed samples of what substance taken from Napoleon and his family? Answer: hair Question: The 2008 study related to Napoleon's death found that hair collected from Napoleon's hair as well as that of his family and contemporaries, had arsenic levels approximately how many times higher than current averages? Answer: 100 times
Context: Englishman Sir Francis Drake probably located the island on the final leg of his circumnavigation of the world (1577–1580). Further visits by other English explorers followed, and, once Saint Helena’s location was more widely known, English ships of war began to lie in wait in the area to attack Portuguese India carracks on their way home. In developing their Far East trade, the Dutch also began to frequent the island. The Portuguese and Spanish soon gave up regularly calling at the island, partly because they used ports along the West African coast, but also because of attacks on their shipping, the desecration of their chapel and religious icons, destruction of their livestock and destruction of plantations by Dutch and English sailors. Question: Who probably located the island on their final leg of their circumnavigation trip? Answer: Englishman Sir Francis Drake Question: What did English ships of war attack on the island? Answer: Portuguese India carracks Question: Who developed a far east trade and began to frequent the island? Answer: the Dutch Question: Who gave up calling at the island due to attacks on their shipping? Answer: The Portuguese and Spanish
Context: Parasitoids are organisms living in or on their host and feeding directly upon it, eventually leading to its death. They are much like parasites in their close symbiotic relationship with their host or hosts. Like the previous two classifications parasitoid predators do not kill their hosts instantly. However, unlike parasites, they are very similar to true predators in that the fate of their prey is quite inevitably death. A well-known example of a parasitoids are the ichneumon wasps, solitary insects living a free life as an adult, then laying eggs on or in another species such as a caterpillar. Its larva(e) feed on the growing host causing it little harm at first, but soon devouring the internal organs until finally destroying the nervous system resulting in prey death. By this stage the young wasp(s) are developed sufficiently to move to the next stage in their life cycle. Though limited mainly to the insect order Hymenoptera, Diptera and Coleoptera parasitoids make up as much as 10% of all insect species. Question: This species relies on other species to provide a reproductive host for their offspring. Answer: ichneumon wasps Question: It is believed that parasitoids account for what percentage of the total insect population? Answer: 10% Question: During a parasitoid-host interaction what will happen to the host? Answer: death Question: What is the term given to organisms living and feeding on their host? Answer: Parasitoids Question: How many organisms in the insect species are Diptera or Cleoptera parasitoids? Answer: 10% Question: Which type of wasp is a well-known example of a parasitoid? Answer: ichneumon Question: How do the larvae of the parasitoid wasps kill their prey? Answer: devouring the internal organs until finally destroying the nervous system Question: How do caterpillars feed during the day? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does a caterpillar living on an organism do to the organism? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What kind of relationship to caterpillars have with their host? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How do caterpillars harm their hosts? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What percent of insect species are catepillars? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: For a century, the Appalachians were a barrier to the westward expansion of the British colonies. The continuity of the mountain system, the bewildering multiplicity of its succeeding ridges, the tortuous courses and roughness of its transverse passes, a heavy forest, and dense undergrowth all conspired to hold the settlers on the seaward-sloping plateaus and coastal plains. Only by way of the Hudson and Mohawk Valleys, Cumberland Gap, the Wachesa Trail,[undue weight? – discuss] and round about the southern termination of the system were there easy routes to the interior of the country, and these were long closed by powerful Native American tribes such as the Iroquois, Creek, and Cherokee, among others. Expansion was also blocked by the alliances the British Empire had forged with Native American tribes, the proximity of the Spanish colonies in the south and French activity throughout the interior. Question: What prevented the Appalachian expansion? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What prevented the settlers from going to the coastal plains? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What were the names of the valleys that were impossible to pass? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who had the Spanish colonies allied with? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What were the name of the French tribes? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Tobacco smoking (including secondhand smoke) and short-term exposure to air pollution such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide (but not ozone) have been associated with MI. Other factors that increase the risk of MI and are associated with worse outcomes after an MI include lack of physical activity and psychosocial factors including low socioeconomic status, social isolation, and negative emotions. Shift work is also associated with a higher risk of MI. Acute and prolonged intake of high quantities of alcoholic drinks (3-4 or more) increase the risk of a heart attack. Question: What forms of air pollution does smoking tobacco cause? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many cigarettes per day increase the risk of a heart attack? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Increased physical activity is bad for what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Short term exposure to 3-4 servings of what is dangerous? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The final is normally held the Saturday after the Premier League season finishes in May. The only seasons in recent times when this pattern was not followed were 1999–2000, when most rounds were played a few weeks earlier than normal as an experiment, and 2010–11 and 2012–13 when the FA Cup Final was played before the Premier League season had finished, to allow Wembley Stadium to be ready for the UEFA Champions League final, as well as in 2011–12 to allow England time to prepare for that summer's European Championships. Question: When does the final take place? Answer: The final is normally held the Saturday after the Premier League season finishes in May. Question: Was there a time this was not the case? Answer: in recent times when this pattern was not followed were 1999–2000 Question: Why was that? Answer: most rounds were played a few weeks earlier than normal as an experiment Question: Did that ever happen again? Answer: 2010–11 and 2012–13 Question: What happened during those years? Answer: the FA Cup Final was played before the Premier League season had finished, to allow Wembley Stadium to be ready for the UEFA Champions League final Question: When does the final never take place? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When is the UEFA Champions League normally held? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what season was the UEFA Champions League not held on the normal day? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was the final played early so that England could prepare for the UEFA Champions League? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What season were the European Championships played early as an experiment? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Under New York State's gradual abolition act of 1799, children of slave mothers were born to be eventually liberated but were held in indentured servitude until their mid-to-late twenties. Together with slaves freed by their masters after the Revolutionary War and escaped slaves, a significant free-black population gradually developed in Manhattan. Under such influential United States founders as Alexander Hamilton and John Jay, the New York Manumission Society worked for abolition and established the African Free School to educate black children. It was not until 1827 that slavery was completely abolished in the state, and free blacks struggled afterward with discrimination. New York interracial abolitionist activism continued; among its leaders were graduates of the African Free School. The city's black population reached more than 16,000 in 1840. Question: In what year did the state of New York pass a law to free the slaves? Answer: 1799 Question: What borough was home to a notable population of free African-Americans? Answer: Manhattan Question: Along with John Jay, who founded the New York Manumission Society? Answer: Alexander Hamilton Question: In what year did the state of New York eliminate slavery? Answer: 1827 Question: In 1840, about how many African-Americans lived in New York City? Answer: 16,000 Question: The gradual abolition act in New York was formed in what year? Answer: 1799 Question: When was slavery completely outlawed in the state of New York? Answer: 1827
Context: Buddhist schools vary on the exact nature of the path to liberation, the importance and canonicity of various teachings and scriptures, and especially their respective practices. Buddhism denies a creator deity and posits that mundane deities such as Mahabrahma are misperceived to be a creator. The foundations of Buddhist tradition and practice are the Three Jewels: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community). Taking "refuge in the triple gem" has traditionally been a declaration and commitment to being on the Buddhist path, and in general distinguishes a Buddhist from a non-Buddhist. Other practices are Ten Meritorious Deeds including, giving charity to reduce the greediness; following ethical precepts; renouncing conventional living and becoming a monastic; the development of mindfulness and practice of meditation; cultivation of higher wisdom and discernment; study of scriptures; devotional practices; ceremonies; and in the Mahayana tradition, invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas. Question: What are the Three Jewels of the Buddhist tradition? Answer: the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community) Question: What is one of the Ten Meritorious Deeds of Buddhism? Answer: cultivation of higher wisdom and discernment Question: What other practices do Buddhists adhere to? Answer: Ten Meritorious Deeds Question: What is one of the Ten Meritorious Deeds? Answer: renouncing conventional living and becoming a monastic Question: Buddhism denies what kind of deity? Answer: creator Question: Of the Ten Meritorious Deeds, giving charity reduces what? Answer: greediness Question: Invocation of buddhas and bodhisattvas is in what tradition? Answer: Mahayana
Context: Catalan shares many traits with the other neighboring Romance languages (Italian, Sardinian, Occitan, and Spanish). However, despite being mostly situated in the Iberian Peninsula, Catalan has marked differences with the Ibero-Romance group (Spanish and Portuguese) in terms of pronunciation, grammar, and especially vocabulary; showing instead its closest affinity with Occitan and to a lesser extent Gallo-Romance (French, Franco-Provençal, Gallo-Italian). Question: What does Catalan share with nearby Romance languages? Answer: many traits Question: Where is the Catalan language mostly located? Answer: Iberian Peninsula Question: In pronunciation what is Catalan different from? Answer: Ibero-Romance group Question: What are examples of Ibero-Romance languages? Answer: Spanish and Portuguese Question: To what group is Catalan most closely related? Answer: Occitan
Context: The Ricketts family acquired a majority interest in the Cubs in 2009, ending the Tribune years. Apparently handcuffed by the Tribune's bankruptcy and the sale of the club to the Ricketts family, the Cubs' quest for a NL Central 3-peat started with notice that there would be less invested into contracts than in previous years. Chicago engaged St. Louis in a see-saw battle for first place into August 2009, but the Cardinals played to a torrid 20–6 pace that month, designating their rivals to battle in the Wild Card race, from which they were eliminated in the season's final week. The Cubs were plagued by injuries in 2009, and were only able to field their Opening Day starting lineup three times the entire season. Third baseman Aramis Ramírez injured his throwing shoulder in an early May game against the Milwaukee Brewers, sidelining him until early July and forcing journeyman players like Mike Fontenot and Aaron Miles into more prominent roles. Additionally, key players like Derrek Lee (who still managed to hit .306 with 35 HR and 111 RBI that season), Alfonso Soriano and Geovany Soto also nursed nagging injuries. The Cubs posted a winning record (83–78) for the third consecutive season, the first time the club had done so since 1972, and a new era of ownership under the Ricketts' family was approved by MLB owners in early October. Question: When did the Ricketts family acquire a majority interest in the Cubs? Answer: 2009 Question: Who did Chicago engage in a see-saw battle for first place into August 2009? Answer: St. Louis Question: What plagued the Cubs in 2009? Answer: injuries
Context: Hurricanes pose a severe threat each year during the June 1 to November 30 hurricane season, particularly from August to October. Florida is the most hurricane-prone state, with subtropical or tropical water on a lengthy coastline. Of the category 4 or higher storms that have struck the United States, 83% have either hit Florida or Texas. From 1851 to 2006, Florida was struck by 114 hurricanes, 37 of them major—category 3 and above. It is rare for a hurricane season to pass without any impact in the state by at least a tropical storm.[citation needed] Question: What posses a threat each year to Florida Answer: Hurricanes pose a severe threat Question: What percentage of category 4 storms hit Florida Answer: category 4 or higher storms that have struck the United States, 83% have either hit Florida or Texas Question: How many storms hit Florida from 1851 to 2006 Answer: Florida was struck by 114 Question: What weather threat rarely hits florida? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What season starts on November 30th? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What season ends on June 1st? Answer: Unanswerable Question: It is common for what weather to pass Florida? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many of the US category 2 storms hit Florida? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: While on one hand the Heian period was an unusually long period of peace, it can also be argued that the period weakened Japan economically and led to poverty for all but a tiny few of its inhabitants. The control of rice fields provided a key source of income for families such as the Fujiwara and were a fundamental base for their power. The aristocratic beneficiaries of Heian culture, the Ryōmin (良民 "Good People") numbered about five thousand in a land of perhaps five million. One reason the samurai were able to take power was that the ruling nobility proved incompetent at managing Japan and its provinces. By the year 1000 the government no longer knew how to issue currency and money was gradually disappearing. Instead of a fully realised system of money circulation, rice was the primary unit of exchange. The lack of a solid medium of economic exchange is implicitly illustrated in novels of the time. For instance, messengers were rewarded with useful objects, e.g., an old silk kimono, rather than paid a fee. Question: What crop was a primary source of income during the Heian period? Answer: rice Question: What was the name of the beneficiaries of Heian culture? Answer: Ryōmin Question: Currency gradually disappeared around what year? Answer: 1000 Question: What crop became the primary unit of exchange? Answer: rice Question: What was a short period of peace? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How was Japan strengthened during the Heian period? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What could average people avoid by acessing rice fields? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who provided to be compitent at ruling the provinces? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who were paid fees for theiir services? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: From that moment Galicia, which participated to a minor extent in the American expansion of the Spanish Empire, found itself at the center of the Atlantic wars fought by Spain against the French and the Protestant powers of England and the Netherlands, whose privateers attacked the coastal areas, but major assaults were not common as the coastline was difficult and the harbors easily defended. The most famous assaults were upon the city of Vigo by Sir Francis Drake in 1585 and 1589, and the siege of A Coruña in 1589 by the English Armada. Galicia also suffered occasional slave raids by Barbary pirates, but not as frequently as the Mediterranean coastal areas. The most famous Barbary attack was the bloody sack of the town of Cangas in 1617. At the time, the king's petitions for money and troops became more frequent, due to the human and economic exhaustion of Castile; the Junta of the Kingdom of Galicia (the local Cortes or representative assembly) was initially receptive to these petitions, raising large sums, accepting the conscription of the men of the kingdom, and even commissioning a new naval squadron which was sustained with the incomes of the Kingdom. Question: Where did Sir Francis Drake attack in 1585 and again in 1589? Answer: Vigo Question: Who attacked Cangas in 1617? Answer: Barbary pirates
Context: The Sumerian language is generally regarded as a language isolate in linguistics because it belongs to no known language family; Akkadian, by contrast, belongs to the Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic languages. There have been many failed attempts to connect Sumerian to other language groups. It is an agglutinative language; in other words, morphemes ("units of meaning") are added together to create words, unlike analytic languages where morphemes are purely added together to create sentences. Some authors have proposed that there may be evidence of a sub-stratum or add-stratum language for geographic features and various crafts and agricultural activities, called variously Proto-Euphratean or Proto Tigrean, but this is disputed by others. Question: Why is the Sumerian language usually thought of as a language isolate in linguistics? Answer: belongs to no known language family Question: Akkadian's language can be traced to the Semitic branch of what languages? Answer: Afroasiatic Question: What has been the result of attempts to connect Sumerian to other language groups? Answer: failed Question: What are morphemes? Answer: "units of meaning" Question: In Sumerian, what are morphemes added together to create? Answer: words Question: Why is Akkadian an isolate language? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What are added together to make words in analytic languages? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What language has been proven to proceed Sumerian? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In 2011, Spielberg launched Falling Skies, a science fiction television series, on the TNT network. He developed the series with Robert Rodat and is credited as an executive producer. Spielberg is also producing the Fox TV series Terra Nova. Terra Nova begins in the year 2149 when all life on the planet Earth is threatened with extinction resulting in scientists opening a door that allows people to travel back 85 million years to prehistoric times. Spielberg also produced The River, Smash, Under the Dome, Extant and The Whispers, as well as a TV adaptation of Minority Report. Question: Which channel aired 'Falling Skies'? Answer: TNT Question: In what year does 'Terra Nova' begin? Answer: 2149 Question: How far back in time do people in 'Terra Nova' travel? Answer: 85 million years Question: Which channel aired 'Terra Nova'? Answer: Fox Question: What show did Spielberg work with Rodat on? Answer: Falling Skies Question: In what year did Under the Dome premiere? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the first original show on the TNT network? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year does Smash take place? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year does Minority Report take place? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year did the movie Minority Report get released? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Although provision is made in Title 10 of the United States Code for the Secretary of the Air Force to appoint warrant officers, the Air Force does not currently use warrant officer grades, and is the only one of the U.S. Armed Services not to do so. The Air Force inherited warrant officer ranks from the Army at its inception in 1947, but their place in the Air Force structure was never made clear.[citation needed] When the Congress authorized the creation of two new senior enlisted ranks in 1958, Air Force officials privately concluded that these two new "super grades" could fill all Air Force needs then performed at the warrant officer level, although this was not publicly acknowledged until years later.[citation needed] The Air Force stopped appointing warrant officers in 1959, the same year the first promotions were made to the new top enlisted grade, Chief Master Sergeant. Most of the existing Air Force warrant officers entered the commissioned officer ranks during the 1960s, but small numbers continued to exist in the warrant officer grades for the next 21 years. Question: What section in the US Code for the Secretary of the Air Force allows for the appointment of warrant officers? Answer: Title 10 Question: When did the USAF inherit warrant officer ranks from the Army? Answer: 1947 Question: When did Congress authorize the creation of two new senior officer grades? Answer: 1958 Question: When did the USAF stop appointing warrant officers? Answer: 1959 Question: What is the newest top enlisted grade in the USAF? Answer: Chief Master Sergeant
Context: In the early 1900s, James J. Hill of the Great Northern began promoting settlement in the Montana prairie to fill his trains with settlers and goods. Other railroads followed suit. In 1902, the Reclamation Act was passed, allowing irrigation projects to be built in Montana's eastern river valleys. In 1909, Congress passed the Enlarged Homestead Act that expanded the amount of free land from 160 to 320 acres (0.6 to 1.3 km2) per family and in 1912 reduced the time to "prove up" on a claim to three years. In 1916, the Stock-Raising Homestead Act allowed homesteads of 640 acres in areas unsuitable for irrigation. This combination of advertising and changes in the Homestead Act drew tens of thousands of homesteaders, lured by free land, with World War I bringing particularly high wheat prices. In addition, Montana was going through a temporary period of higher-than-average precipitation. Homesteaders arriving in this period were known as "Honyockers", or "scissorbills." Though the word "honyocker", possibly derived from the ethnic slur "hunyak," was applied in a derisive manner at homesteaders as being "greenhorns", "new at his business" or "unprepared", the reality was that a majority of these new settlers had previous farming experience, though there were also many who did not. Question: Who promoted settlement in Montana in the early 1900s Answer: James J. Hill Question: In what year was the Reclamation Act passed? Answer: 1902 Question: What year was the Enlarged Homestead Act passed? Answer: 1909 Question: How much land was alloted in the new Enlarged Homestead Act? Answer: 320 acres
Context: Described as being "sexy, seductive and provocative" when performing on stage, Beyoncé has said that she originally created the alter ego "Sasha Fierce" to keep that stage persona separate from who she really is. She described Sasha as being "too aggressive, too strong, too sassy [and] too sexy", stating, "I'm not like her in real life at all." Sasha was conceived during the making of "Crazy in Love", and Beyoncé introduced her with the release of her 2008 album I Am... Sasha Fierce. In February 2010, she announced in an interview with Allure magazine that she was comfortable enough with herself to no longer need Sasha Fierce. However, Beyoncé announced in May 2012 that she would bring her back for her Revel Presents: Beyoncé Live shows later that month. Question: Beyonce self proclaimed alter ego is named what? Answer: Sasha Fierce Question: Her alter ego was born when according to Beyonce? Answer: making of "Crazy in Love" Question: What year did Beyonce do away with Sasha Fierce? Answer: 2010 Question: Beyonce brought back Sasha Fierce during which event? Answer: Revel Presents: Beyoncé Live Question: How does she describe Sasha? Answer: too aggressive, too strong Question: Later what did she say about Sasha? Answer: she would bring her back Question: What is the name of Beyoncé's alter ego? Answer: Sasha Fierce. Question: When did Beyoncé introduce Sasha Fierce? Answer: 2008 Question: Sasha Fierce was created during the making of what song? Answer: Crazy in Love Question: Who did Beyoncé tell in February 2010 that Sasha Fierce was no longer needed? Answer: Allure magazine
Context: The signatures of the parties' representatives follow at the very end. When the text of a treaty is later reprinted, such as in a collection of treaties currently in effect, an editor will often append the dates on which the respective parties ratified the treaty and on which it came into effect for each party. Question: Whose signatures appear at the very end of a treaty? Answer: the parties' representatives Question: Where might the text of a treaty be reprinted? Answer: in a collection of treaties currently in effect Question: Who, upon reprinting, will often append the dates on which the treaty was ratified and came into effect? Answer: an editor Question: Each party must have done what in order for the treaty to come into effect? Answer: ratified the treaty Question: Even if signed and ratified on the same date, the treaty might have done what on different dates? Answer: came into effect
Context: The Portuguese government and army successfully resisted the decolonization of its overseas territories until April 1974, when a bloodless left-wing military coup in Lisbon, known as the Carnation Revolution, led the way for the independence of the overseas territories in Africa and Asia, as well as for the restoration of democracy after two years of a transitional period known as PREC (Processo Revolucionário Em Curso). This period was characterized by social turmoil and power disputes between left- and right-wing political forces. The retreat from the overseas territories and the acceptance of its independence terms by Portuguese head representatives for overseas negotiations, which would create independent states in 1975, prompted a mass exodus of Portuguese citizens from Portugal's African territories (mostly from Portuguese Angola and Mozambique). Question: Until when did the Portuguese government resist decolonization of their overseas territories? Answer: April 1974 Question: What was the Carnation Revolution? Answer: left-wing military coup in Lisbon Question: By what was the PREC characterized by? Answer: social turmoil and power disputes between left- and right-wing political forces
Context: Crevasses can form in several different ways. Transverse crevasses are transverse to flow and form where steeper slopes cause a glacier to accelerate. Longitudinal crevasses form semi-parallel to flow where a glacier expands laterally. Marginal crevasses form from the edge of the glacier, due to the reduction in speed caused by friction of the valley walls. Marginal crevasses are usually largely transverse to flow. Moving glacier ice can sometimes separate from stagnant ice above, forming a bergschrund. Bergschrunds resemble crevasses but are singular features at a glacier's margins. Question: Which crevasses form on the edge of the glacier? Answer: Marginal crevasses Question: Why do marginal crevasses form on the edge of a glacier? Answer: reduction in speed caused by friction of the valley walls Question: What do bergschrunds resemble? Answer: crevasses Question: How are bergschrunds different than crevasses? Answer: singular features at a glacier's margins Question: Where do transverse crevasses form? Answer: where steeper slopes cause a glacier to accelerate Question: What kind of crevasses form where steep slopes cause glaciers to deccelerate? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What kind of crevasses form where glaciers contract laterally? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What kind of crevasses form at the edge of a glacier due to an increase in speed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is formed when moving ice seperates from sragnant ice below? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What margins to crevasses form at? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The history of Latin canon law can be divided into four periods: the jus antiquum, the jus novum, the jus novissimum and the Code of Canon Law. In relation to the Code, history can be divided into the jus vetus (all law before the Code) and the jus novum (the law of the Code, or jus codicis). Question: Which period followed the jus antiquum? Answer: the jus novum Question: What is the most recent era of Latin canon law? Answer: the Code of Canon Law Question: What is the name for the time preceding the Code of Canon Law? Answer: the jus vetus Question: How many periods can Greek canon law be divided into? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the jus antiquum the most recent era of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did Jus novum precede? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did jus vetus follow? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Northwestern's School of Communication has been especially fruitful in the number of actors, actresses, playwrights, and film and television writers and directors it has produced. Alumni who have made their mark on film and television include Ann-Margret, Warren Beatty, Jodie Markell, Paul Lynde, David Schwimmer, Anne Dudek, Zach Braff, Zooey Deschanel, Marg Helgenberger, Julia Louis-Dreyfus, Jerry Orbach, Jennifer Jones, Megan Mullally, John Cameron Mitchell, Dermot Mulroney, Charlton Heston, Richard Kind, Ana Gasteyer, Brad Hall, Shelley Long, William Daniels, Cloris Leachman, Bonnie Bartlett, Paula Prentiss, Richard Benjamin, Laura Innes, Charles Busch, Stephanie March, Tony Roberts, Jeri Ryan, Kimberly Williams-Paisley, McLean Stevenson, Tony Randall, Charlotte Rae, Paul Lynde, Patricia Neal, Nancy Dussault, Robert Reed, Mara Brock Akil, Greg Berlanti, Bill Nuss, Dusty Kay, Dan Shor, Seth Meyers, Frank DeCaro, Zach Gilford, Nicole Sullivan, Stephen Colbert, Sandra Seacat and Garry Marshall. Directors who were graduated from Northwestern include Gerald Freedman, Stuart Hagmann, Marshall W. Mason, and Mary Zimmerman. Lee Phillip Bell hosted a talk show in Chicago from 1952 to 1986 and co-created the Daytime Emmy Award-winning soap operas The Young and the Restless in 1973 and The Bold and the Beautiful in 1987. Alumni such as Sheldon Harnick, Stephanie D'Abruzzo, Heather Headley, Kristen Schaal, Lily Rabe, and Walter Kerr have distinguished themselves on Broadway, as has designer Bob Mackie. Amsterdam-based comedy theater Boom Chicago was founded by Northwestern alumni, and the school has become a training ground for future The Second City, I.O., ComedySportz, Mad TV and Saturday Night Live talent. Tam Spiva wrote scripts for The Brady Bunch and Gentle Ben. In New York, Los Angeles, and Chicago, the number of Northwestern alumni involved in theater, film, and television is so large that a perception has formed that there's such a thing as a "Northwestern mafia." Question: Who founded the Amsterdam based comedy theater Boom Chicago? Answer: Northwestern alumni Question: Where did actor Warren Beatty attend school? Answer: Northwestern's School of Communication Question: Where did actor Charlton Heston attend school? Answer: Northwestern's School of Communication Question: Where did director Gerald Freedman attend school? Answer: Northwestern's School of Communication Question: Which alumni was a co-creator of "The Young and the Restless", and "The Bold and the Beautiful"? Answer: Lee Phillip Bell Question: Who founded the Amsterdam based comedy theater Boom Chicago? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where didn't actor Warren Beatty attend school? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which alumni was an actor on "The Young and the Restless", and "The Bold and the Beautiful"? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where didn't actor Charlton Heston attend school? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: There have always been Arsenal supporters outside London, and since the advent of satellite television, a supporter's attachment to a football club has become less dependent on geography. Consequently, Arsenal have a significant number of fans from beyond London and all over the world; in 2007, 24 UK, 37 Irish and 49 other overseas supporters clubs were affiliated with the club. A 2011 report by SPORT+MARKT estimated Arsenal's global fanbase at 113 million. The club's social media activity was the fifth highest in world football during the 2014–15 season. Question: What medium has added to the fan base of Arsenal? Answer: satellite television Question: How many supporter clubs outside Britain were there in 2007 affiliated with Arsenal? Answer: 49 Question: In 2011 what was Arsenal's estimated fan base? Answer: 113 million Question: What was the world ranking of Arsenal's social media in 2015-15 season? Answer: fifth highest Question: In this era of satelites and social media,on what are fans now less dependent ? Answer: geography Question: What club had the highest social media activity during the 2014-15 season? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who won the 2014-15 season? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many American Arsenal supporter clubs are there? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many people follow Arsenal's social media accounts? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year did SPORT+MARKT start printing? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In 1986, eight years before the launch of Turner Classic Movies, Ted Turner acquired the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film studio for $1.5 billion. Concerns over Turner Entertainment's corporate debt load resulted in Turner selling the studio that October back to Kirk Kerkorian, from whom Turner had purchased the studio less than a year before. As part of the deal, Turner Entertainment retained ownership of MGM's library of films released up to May 9, 1986. Turner Broadcasting System was split into two companies; Turner Broadcasting System and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and reincorporated as MGM/UA Communications Co. Question: How much did Ted Turner pay for Metro-Goldwyn Mayer? Answer: $1.5 billion Question: In what year did Ted Turner buy Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer? Answer: 1986 Question: Who did Ted Turner sell Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer to? Answer: Kirk Kerkorian Question: Who did Ted Turner buy Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer from? Answer: Kirk Kerkorian Question: Up to what date of release did Turner retain ownership of the MGM film library? Answer: May 9, 1986 Question: How much did Ted Turner pay for UA? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In what year did Ted Turner buy UA? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who did Ted Turner sell UA to? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who did Ted Turner buy UA from? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Up to what date of release did Kerkorian retain ownership of the MGM film library? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Reform of the liturgy had been a part of the liturgical movements in the 20th century mainly in France, and Germany which were officially recognized by Pius XII in his encyclical Mediator Dei. During the pontificate of Pius XII, the Vatican eased regulations on the use of Latin in Roman Catholic liturgies, permitting some use of vernacular languages during baptisms, funerals and other events. In 1951 and 1955, the Easter liturgies underwent revision, most notably including the reintroduction of the Easter Triduum. The Second Vatican Council made no changes to the Roman Missal, but in the document Sacrosanctum Concilium mandated that a general revision of it take place. After the Vatican Council, in April 1969, Paul VI approved the "new Order of Mass" promulgated in 1970, as stated in the Acta Apostolica Sedis to "end experimentation" with the Mass and which included the introduction of three new Eucharistic Prayers to what was up to then a single Roman Canon. Question: What language was traditionally used in Roman Catholic services? Answer: Latin Question: What were revised between 1951 and 1955? Answer: Easter liturgies Question: What was re instated to the Easter liturgy by reform? Answer: Easter Triduum Question: What type of service did Paul Vi announce reformed in 1969? Answer: Mass Question: How many new prayers were included in the official mass reforms of 1969? Answer: three
Context: From 1974 (the creation of the British colony of Tuvalu) until independence, the legislative body of Tuvalu was called the House of the Assembly or Fale I Fono. Following independence in October 1978 the House of the Assembly was renamed the Parliament of Tuvalu or Palamene o Tuvalu. The unicameral Parliament has 15 members with elections held every four years. The members of parliament select the Prime Minister (who is the head of government) and the Speaker of Parliament. The ministers that form the Cabinet are appointed by the Governor General on the advice of the Prime Minister. Question: When did Tuvalu acquire independence? Answer: October 1978 Question: What was formed in 1974? Answer: British colony of Tuvalu Question: After independence, what was the Assembly on Tuvalu named? Answer: Parliament of Tuvalu Question: What type of parliament does Tuvalu have? Answer: unicameral Question: In Tuvalu government, what group elect the Prime Minster? Answer: members of parliament
Context: The typical lifespan of dogs varies widely among breeds, but for most the median longevity, the age at which half the dogs in a population have died and half are still alive, ranges from 10 to 13 years. Individual dogs may live well beyond the median of their breed. Question: What is the median lifespan of canines? Answer: 10 to 13 years.
Context: Jonathan Bellman writes that modern concert performance style—set in the "conservatory" tradition of late 19th- and 20th-century music schools, and suitable for large auditoria or recordings—militates against what is known of Chopin's more intimate performance technique. The composer himself said to a pupil that "concerts are never real music, you have to give up the idea of hearing in them all the most beautiful things of art." Contemporary accounts indicate that in performance, Chopin avoided rigid procedures sometimes incorrectly attributed to him, such as "always crescendo to a high note", but that he was concerned with expressive phrasing, rhythmic consistency and sensitive colouring. Berlioz wrote in 1853 that Chopin "has created a kind of chromatic embroidery ... whose effect is so strange and piquant as to be impossible to describe ... virtually nobody but Chopin himself can play this music and give it this unusual turn". Hiller wrote that "What in the hands of others was elegant embellishment, in his hands became a colourful wreath of flowers." Question: Who wrote that the current large concert style conflicts with Chopin's preference of intimate performances? Answer: Jonathan Bellman Question: What did Chopin tend to avoid? Answer: rigid procedures Question: What has been falsely credited to Chopin? Answer: "always crescendo to a high note" Question: What did Chopin tell a student is given up in concerts? Answer: hearing in them all the most beautiful things of art Question: Who wrote about Chopin's "chromatic embroidery"? Answer: Berlioz Question: Who wrote that Chopin's music, when played by him, became a "colorful wreath of flowers"? Answer: Hiller
Context: At low frequencies (such as AM broadcast), arrays of vertical towers are used to achieve directionality and they will occupy large areas of land. For reception, a long Beverage antenna can have significant directivity. For non directional portable use, a short vertical antenna or small loop antenna works well, with the main design challenge being that of impedance matching. With a vertical antenna a loading coil at the base of the antenna may be employed to cancel the reactive component of impedance; small loop antennas are tuned with parallel capacitors for this purpose. Question: For radio broadcast that one would hear in their car what type of towers are used? Answer: vertical Question: Why is this specific antenna type used? Answer: achieve directionality Question: If one wished to take an antenna to different locations, which type would be best? Answer: short vertical antenna Question: What is a problem one might encounter when using a portable antenna? Answer: impedance matching
Context: 1 CATOBAR carrier: Charles de Gaulle is a 42,000 tonne nuclear-powered aircraft carrier, commissioned in 2001 and is the flagship of the French Navy (Marine Nationale). The ship carries a complement of Dassault-Breguet Super Étendard, Dassault Rafale M and E‑2C Hawkeye aircraft, EC725 Caracal and AS532 Cougar helicopters for combat search and rescue, as well as modern electronics and Aster missiles. It is a CATOBAR-type carrier that uses two 75 m C13‑3 steam catapults of a shorter version of the catapult system installed on the U.S. Nimitz-class carriers, one catapult at the bow and one across the front of the landing area. Question: What is the name of the 42,000 tonne nuclear-powered carrier commissioned in 2001? Answer: Charles de Gaulle Question: What is the Charles de Gaulle the flagship of? Answer: the French Navy Question: What type of missiles does the Charles de Gaulle carry? Answer: Aster Question: What is another name for the French Navy? Answer: Marine Nationale Question: What type of carrier is the Charles de Gaulle? Answer: CATOBAR Question: What is the name of the 24,000 tonne nuclear-powered carrier commissioned in 2001? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is the Charles de Gaulle not the flagship of? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of lasers does the Charles de Gaulle carry? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What is not another name for the French Navy? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of airplane is the Charles de Gaulle? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Ethnohistory is the study of ethnographic cultures and indigenous customs by examining historical records. It is also the study of the history of various ethnic groups that may or may not exist today. Ethnohistory uses both historical and ethnographic data as its foundation. Its historical methods and materials go beyond the standard use of documents and manuscripts. Practitioners recognize the utility of such source material as maps, music, paintings, photography, folklore, oral tradition, site exploration, archaeological materials, museum collections, enduring customs, language, and place names. Question: How does an someone interested in ethnohistory learn more about cultures and customs? Answer: by examining historical records Question: Ethnohistory can study the history of what types of groups which may or may not exist today? Answer: ethnic Question: What does ethnohistory use both historical and ethnographic data as? Answer: its foundation Question: What do the methods of ethnohistory go beyond the standard use of? Answer: documents and manuscripts Question: Who recognizes the utility of music, folkore and language? Answer: Practitioners Question: What is the study of modern customs? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What extinct groups does ethno history study? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What does ethnohistory form the foundation for? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: New York City has been a metropolitan municipality with a mayor-council form of government since its consolidation in 1898. The government of New York is more centralized than that of most other U.S. cities. In New York City, the city government is responsible for public education, correctional institutions, public safety, recreational facilities, sanitation, water supply, and welfare services. Question: What type of government does New York City have? Answer: mayor-council Question: In what year did New York City adopt the mayor-council form of government? Answer: 1898
Context: One way to divide hunter-gatherer groups is by their return systems. James Woodburn uses the categories "immediate return" hunter-gatherers for egalitarian and "delayed return" for nonegalitarian. Immediate return foragers consume their food within a day or two after they procure it. Delayed return foragers store the surplus food (Kelly, 31). Question: What does the immediate return system mean? Answer: egalitarian Question: To what kind of group does the delayed return system belong? Answer: nonegalitarian Question: Which group eats their acquired food in a day or two? Answer: immediate return Question: What is the only way to divide hunter-gatherer groups? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Temporary return foragers consume their food when? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Kelly uses the the category "immediate return" hunter-gatherers for what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Kelly uses the the category "delayed return" hunter-gatherers for what? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What type of forager stores their food within a day or two after they procure it? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Goetz set out an ambitious schedule. Universal-International became responsible for the American distribution of Rank's British productions, including such classics as David Lean's Great Expectations (1946) and Laurence Olivier's Hamlet (1948). Broadening its scope further, Universal-International branched out into the lucrative non-theatrical field, buying a majority stake in home-movie dealer Castle Films in 1947, and taking the company over entirely in 1951. For three decades, Castle would offer "highlights" reels from the Universal film library to home-movie enthusiasts and collectors. Goetz licensed Universal's pre–Universal-International film library to Jack Broeder's Realart Pictures for cinema re-release but Realart was not allowed to show the films on television. Question: In what year was the Olivier version of Hamlet made? Answer: 1948 Question: Who directed 1946's Great Expectations? Answer: David Lean Question: In 1947, what company did Universal buy a stake in? Answer: Castle Films Question: Who ran Realart Pictures? Answer: Jack Broeder Question: In what year did Universal-International take over Castle Films? Answer: 1951 Question: What year was Laurence Olivier's Great Expectations produced? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What year was David Lean's Hamlet produced? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What company did Universal-International buy a major stake in during 1946? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who took over Castle Films in 1947? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) is a quasi-independent agency of the United States Government. It appears to have multiple leadership. On the one hand its director is appointed by the president. It plays a significant role in providing the president with intelligence. On the other hand, Congress oversees its operations through a committee. The CIA was first formed under the National Security Act of 1947 from the army's Office of Strategic Services (OSS), which furnished both military intelligence and clandestine military operations to the army during the crisis of World War II. Many revisions and redefinitions have taken place since then. Although the name of the CIA reflects the original advised intent of Presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman, the government's needs for strategic services have frustrated that intent from the beginning. The press received by the agency in countless articles, novels and other media have tended to create various popular myths; for example, that this agency replaced any intelligence effort other than that of the OSS, or that it contains the central intelligence capability of the United States. Strategic services are officially provided by some 17 agencies called the Intelligence Community. Army intelligence did not come to an end; in fact, all the branches of the Armed Forces retained their intelligence services. This community is currently under the leadership (in addition to all its other leadership) of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence. Question: What is a quasi-independent agency of the United States Government? Answer: The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) Question: The CIA appears to have what? Answer: multiple leadership Question: Who appoints the director of the CIA? Answer: the president Question: Who oversees the operations of the CIA? Answer: Congress
Context: The "formal" interpretation is more widespread than the "substantive" interpretation. Formalists hold that the law must be prospective, well-known, and have characteristics of generality, equality, and certainty. Other than that, the formal view contains no requirements as to the content of the law. This formal approach allows laws that protect democracy and individual rights, but recognizes the existence of "rule of law" in countries that do not necessarily have such laws protecting democracy or individual rights. Question: Which interpretation of the rule of law is used on a larger scale? Answer: formal Question: According to the formalist approach, what else, besides democracy, can laws protect? Answer: individual rights Question: According to the formalist approach, how much notoriety must a law have? Answer: well-known Question: How many requirements for content are there for the rule of law under the formalist approach? Answer: no requirements Question: Which interpretation of the rule of law is less commonly used? Answer: substantive
Context: Like other American research universities, Northwestern was transformed by World War II. Franklyn B. Snyder led the university from 1939 to 1949, when nearly 50,000 military officers and personnel were trained on the Evanston and Chicago campuses. After the war, surging enrollments under the G.I. Bill drove drastic expansion of both campuses. In 1948 prominent anthropologist Melville J. Herskovits founded the Program of African Studies at Northwestern, the first center of its kind at an American academic institution. J. Roscoe Miller's tenure as president from 1949 to 1970 was responsible for the expansion of the Evanston campus, with the construction of the lakefill on Lake Michigan, growth of the faculty and new academic programs, as well as polarizing Vietnam-era student protests. In 1978, the first and second Unabomber attacks occurred at Northwestern University. Relations between Evanston and Northwestern were strained throughout much of the post-war era because of episodes of disruptive student activism, disputes over municipal zoning, building codes, and law enforcement, as well as restrictions on the sale of alcohol near campus until 1972. Northwestern's exemption from state and municipal property tax obligations under its original charter has historically been a source of town and gown tension. Question: Which war transformed many colleges, including Northwestern? Answer: World War II Question: Between 1939 and 1949, how many military officers and personnel were trained on the Evanston and Chicago campuses? Answer: nearly 50,000 Question: Under what Bill did enrollments surge after the war? Answer: G.I. Bill Question: What center was founded by Melville J. Herskovits in 1948? Answer: Program of African Studies at Northwestern Question: In 1978, what famous attacks occured at Northwestern? Answer: first and second Unabomber Question: Which war transformed many high schools, including Northwestern? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Between 1939 and 1949, how many military officers and personnel weren't trained on the Evanston and Chicago campuses? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Under what Bill did nonenrollments surge after the war? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What center was founded by Melville J. Herskovits in 1978? Answer: Unanswerable Question: In 1938, what famous attacks occured at Northwestern? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In 361, after the death of Emperor Constantius, shortly followed by the murder of the very unpopular Bishop George, Athanasius returned to his patriarchate. The following year he convened a council at Alexandria, and presided over it with Eusebius of Vercelli. Athanasius appealed for unity among all those who had faith in Christianity, even if they differed on matters of terminology. This prepared the groundwork for his definition of the orthodox doctrine of the Trinity. However, the council also was directed against those who denied the divinity of the Holy Spirit, the human soul of Christ, and Christ's divinity. Mild measures were agreed on for those heretic bishops who repented, but severe penance was decreed for the chief leaders of the major heresies. Question: What happened to Bishop George? Answer: murder Question: What happened to Bishop leaders who did not agree with the doctrine? Answer: severe penance Question: When did Athanasius return to his position as Patriarch? Answer: after the death of Emperor Constantius Question: Who joined him when he formed a council to encourage unity among Christians? Answer: Eusebius of Vercelli Question: What happened in 362? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What happened to Bishop leaders who agreed with the doctrine? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When did Athanasius return to his position as pope? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Who left him when he formed a council to encourage unity among Christians? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Poland has historically been staunchly pro-American, dating back to General Tadeusz Kościuszko and Casimir Pulaski's involvement in the American Revolution. This pro-American stance was reinforced following favorable American intervention in World War I (leading to the creation of an independent Poland) and the Cold War (culminating in a Polish state independent of Soviet influence). Poland contributed a large force to the "Coalition of the Willing" in Iraq. A quote referring to Poland as "the 51st state" has been attributed to James Pavitt, then Central Intelligence Agency Deputy Director for Operations, especially in connection to extraordinary rendition. Question: What had been Poland's stance towards the US, historically? Answer: staunchly pro-American Question: What led to the creation of an independent Poland? Answer: favorable American intervention in World War I Question: What did Poland contribute to the "Coalition of the Willing"? Answer: a large force Question: What had been Soviet stance towards the US, historically? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What led to the creation of independent Soviets? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What did the soviets contribute to the "Coalition of the Willing"? Answer: Unanswerable Question: To who was a quote referring to Poland as a Soviet state attributed? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What culminated in a Polish state dependent on Soviet influence? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The United States Supreme Court in Penry v. Lynaugh and the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit in Bigby v. Dretke have been clear in their decisions that jury instructions in death penalty cases that do not ask about mitigating factors regarding the defendant's mental health violate the defendant's Eighth Amendment rights, saying that the jury is to be instructed to consider mitigating factors when answering unrelated questions. This ruling suggests that specific explanations to the jury are necessary to weigh mitigating factors. Question: In what court was Bigby v. Dretke decided? Answer: United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit Question: What court heard the case Penry v. Lynaugh? Answer: United States Supreme Court Question: What amendment to the Constitution did Penry v. Lynaugh address? Answer: Eighth Question: What sentencing factors did Bigby v. Dretke consider? Answer: mitigating Question: In what state was Bigby v. Dretke decided? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What court denied hearing the case Penry v. Lynaugh? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What amendment to the Constitution did Penry v. Lynaugh never address? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What sentencing factors did Bigby v. Dretke reject considering? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: Codd's paper was picked up by two people at Berkeley, Eugene Wong and Michael Stonebraker. They started a project known as INGRES using funding that had already been allocated for a geographical database project and student programmers to produce code. Beginning in 1973, INGRES delivered its first test products which were generally ready for widespread use in 1979. INGRES was similar to System R in a number of ways, including the use of a "language" for data access, known as QUEL. Over time, INGRES moved to the emerging SQL standard. Question: Who used Codd's paper at Berkeley to improve a geographical database? Answer: Eugene Wong and Michael Stonebraker Question: What was the name of the project to create a geographical database? Answer: INGRES Question: When was INGRES first tested? Answer: 1973 Question: What computer language was used in INGRES to access data? Answer: QUEL Question: Is QUEL still used to access data in INGRES? Answer: INGRES moved to the emerging SQL standard Question: Who used Codd's paper at Yale to improve a geographical database? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was the name of the project to steal a geographical database? Answer: Unanswerable Question: When was INGRES first avoided? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What computer language was used in INGRES to fabricate data? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What year did INGRES stop widespread use? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: After the Nixon administration, advancements in affirmative action became less prevalent. "During the brief Ford administration, affirmative action took a back seat, while enforcement stumbled along.":145 Equal rights was still an important subject to many Americans, yet the world was changing and new issues were being raised. People began to look at affirmative action as a glorified issue of the past and now there were other areas that needed focus. "Of all the triumphs that have marked this as America's Century –...none is more inspiring, if incomplete, than our pursuit of racial justice." Question: In terms of advancement, what happened to the progression of affirmative action after the Nixon administration? Answer: became less prevalent Question: What was one of the primary reasons that the issue of affirmative action lost its momentum? Answer: there were other areas that needed focus Question: Which administration allowed affirmative action to take a backseat to other issues? Answer: Ford Question: In terms of advancement, what happened to the progression of non-affirmative action after the Nixon administration? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What was one of the primary reasons that the issue of non-affirmative action lost its momentum? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which administration allowed affirmative action to take a frontseat to other issues? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: The extraordinary demands of the Punic Wars, in addition to a shortage of manpower, exposed the tactical weaknesses of the manipular legion, at least in the short term. In 217 BC, near the beginning of the Second Punic War, Rome was forced to effectively ignore its long-standing principle that its soldiers must be both citizens and property owners. During the 2nd century BC, Roman territory saw an overall decline in population, partially due to the huge losses incurred during various wars. This was accompanied by severe social stresses and the greater collapse of the middle classes. As a result, the Roman state was forced to arm its soldiers at the expense of the state, which it had not had to do in the past. Question: During what century did Roman controlled areas see a decline in their populations? Answer: 2nd century BC Question: What caused the Roman state to provide armaments to their army? Answer: greater collapse of the middle classes Question: What were soldiers expected to own prior to the year 217 BC? Answer: property Question: What was considered an attributing factor to the decline of the Roman population? Answer: huge losses incurred during various wars
Context: With the opening of the tourist industry after the change in the political scenario of Nepal in 1950, the hotel industry drastically improved. Now Kathmandu boasts several luxury such as the Hyatt Regency, Dwarika's, theYak & Yeti, The Everest Hotel, Hotel Radisson, Hotel De L'Annapurna, The Malla Hotel, Shangri-La Hotel (which is not operated by the Shangri-La Hotel Group) and The Shanker Hotel. There are several four-star hotels such as Hotel Vaishali, Hotel Narayani, The Blue Star and Grand Hotel. The Garden Hotel, Hotel Ambassador, and Aloha Inn are among the three-star hotels in Kathmandu. Hotels like Hyatt Regency, De L'Annapurna and Hotel Yak & Yeti are among the five-star hotels providing casinos as well. Question: How many stars is Kathmandu's Grand Hotel? Answer: four Question: What type of hotel is Aloha Inn? Answer: three-star Question: De L'Annapurna is an example of what sort of hotel? Answer: five-star Question: What attractions are present at Hotel Yak & Yeti and the Hyatt Regency? Answer: casinos
Context: A questionnaire called the teen timetable has been used to measure the age at which individuals believe adolescents should be able to engage in behaviors associated with autonomy. This questionnaire has been used to gauge differences in cultural perceptions of adolescent autonomy, finding, for instance, that White parents and adolescents tend to expect autonomy earlier than those of Asian descent. It is, therefore, clear that cultural differences exist in perceptions of adolescent autonomy, and such differences have implications for the lifestyles and development of adolescents. In sub-Saharan African youth, the notions of individuality and freedom may not be useful in understanding adolescent development. Rather, African notions of childhood and adolescent development are relational and interdependent. Question: What questionaire has been used to measure the age in which adolescents should be able to engage in autonomous behaviors? Answer: teen timetable Question: Do White or Asian parents tend to expect autonomy earlier than the other? Answer: White Question: What has the teen timetable questionnaire been used to guage? Answer: differences in cultural perceptions of adolescent autonomy
Context: There are several major exceptions on tuition fees. In many European countries, it is possible to study without tuition fees. Public universities in Nordic countries were entirely without tuition fees until around 2005. Denmark, Sweden and Finland then moved to put in place tuition fees for foreign students. Citizens of EU and EEA member states and citizens from Switzerland remain exempted from tuition fees, and the amounts of public grants granted to promising foreign students were increased to offset some of the impact. Question: In multiple countries in Europe students can attend a university with what kind if financial burden? Answer: without tuition fees Question: Until what year were public universities in nordic nation free of tuition? Answer: around 2005 Question: What kind of students pay fees in public universities in Denmark? Answer: foreign students Question: In terms of Universities in Denmark what is the fee status for citizens of EFA states? Answer: exempted from tuition fees Question: What happened to public grants in nordic universities that continued to allow foreign students? Answer: increased Question: Until what year were public universities in the UK free of tuition? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What kind of students pay fees in public universities in the UK? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What happened to public grants in nordic universities that continued to allow domestic students? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What three countries moved to put in place tuition fees for domestic students? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What were decreased to offset some of the impact? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries the RIBA and its members had a leading part in the promotion of architectural education in the United Kingdom, including the establishment of the Architects' Registration Council of the United Kingdom (ARCUK) and the Board of Architectural Education under the Architects (Registration) Acts, 1931 to 1938. A member of the RIBA, Lionel Bailey Budden, then Associate Professor in the Liverpool University School of Architecture, had contributed the article on Architectural Education published in the fourteenth edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica (1929). His School, Liverpool, was one of the twenty schools named for the purpose of constituting the statutory Board of Architectural Education when the 1931 Act was passed. Question: What organization was the Royal Institute instrumental in establishing? Answer: the Architects' Registration Council of the United Kingdom Question: Which items of legislation did the Royal Institute play a large role in promoting? Answer: the Board of Architectural Education under the Architects (Registration) Acts, 1931 to 1938 Question: Where did Lional Bailey Budden teach? Answer: the Liverpool University School of Architecture Question: What major compendium did Budden help write an article for? Answer: Encyclopædia Britannica Question: How many schools formed the Board of Architectural Education? Answer: twenty Question: What organization was the Royal Institute unsuccessful in establishing? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Which items of legislation did the Royal Institute play a small role in promoting? Answer: Unanswerable Question: Where did Lional Bailey Budden study? Answer: Unanswerable Question: What minor compendium did Budden help read an article for? Answer: Unanswerable Question: How many schools did not form the Board of Architectural Education? Answer: Unanswerable
Context: In modern languages the term alp, alm, albe or alpe refers to a grazing pastures in the alpine regions below the glaciers, not the peaks. An alp refers to a high mountain pasture where cows are taken to be grazed during the summer months and where hay barns can be found, and the term "the Alps", referring to the mountains, is a misnomer. The term for the mountain peaks varies by nation and language: words such as horn, kogel, gipfel, spitz, and berg are used in German speaking regions: mont, pic, dent and aiguille in French speaking regions; and monte, picco or cima in Italian speaking regions. Question: The term alp, alm, albe or alpe refers to what in modern languages? Answer: a grazing pastures in the alpine regions below the glaciers, not the peaks Question: What refers to a high mountain pasture where cows are taken to be grazed during the summer months? Answer: An alp Question: Words such as horn, kogel, gipfel, spitz, and berd are used in what regions? Answer: German speaking regions Question: Mont, pic, dent and aiguille are words used in what regions? Answer: French speaking regions
Context: Chapter IX deals with the fact that the geologic record appears to show forms of life suddenly arising, without the innumerable transitional fossils expected from gradual changes. Darwin borrowed Charles Lyell's argument in Principles of Geology that the record is extremely imperfect as fossilisation is a very rare occurrence, spread over vast periods of time; since few areas had been geologically explored, there could only be fragmentary knowledge of geological formations, and fossil collections were very poor. Evolved local varieties which migrated into a wider area would seem to be the sudden appearance of a new species. Darwin did not expect to be able to reconstruct evolutionary history, but continuing discoveries gave him well founded hope that new finds would occasionally reveal transitional forms. To show that there had been enough time for natural selection to work slowly, he again cited Principles of Geology and other observations based on sedimentation and erosion, including an estimate that erosion of The Weald had taken 300 million years. The initial appearance of entire groups of well developed organisms in the oldest fossil-bearing layers, now known as the Cambrian explosion, posed a problem. Darwin had no doubt that earlier seas had swarmed with living creatures, but stated that he had no satisfactory explanation for the lack of fossils. Fossil evidence of pre-Cambrian life has since been found, extending the history of life back for billions of years. Question: Whose argument did Darwin borrow that geological record is very imperfect, because fossilization is rare? Answer: Charles Lyell Question: Which book written by Charles Lyell contains the argument that fossils are too rare to be used as proof of life suddenly arising? Answer: Principles of Geology Question: What did Darwin hope to find as he continued to explore new geologic discoveries? Answer: that new finds would occasionally reveal transitional forms Question: How long did Darwin estimate the erosion of the Weald to be? Answer: 300 million years Question: What is the name of the group of well-developed organisms that were discovered within fossil-bearing layers? Answer: the Cambrian explosion
Context: Nasser also attempted to maintain oversight of the country's civil service to prevent it from inflating and consequently becoming a burden to the state. New laws provided workers with a minimum wage, profit shares, free education, free health care, reduced working hours, and encouragement to participate in management. Land reforms guaranteed the security of tenant farmers, promoted agricultural growth, and reduced rural poverty. As a result of the 1962 measures, government ownership of Egyptian business reached 51 percent, and the National Union was renamed the Arab Socialist Union (ASU). With these measures came more domestic repression, as thousands of Islamists were imprisoned, including dozens of military officers. Nasser's tilt toward a Soviet-style system led his aides Boghdadi and Hussein el-Shafei to submit their resignations in protest. Question: What percentage of business did the Egyptian government own in 1962? Answer: 51 Question: What was the new name for the National Union? Answer: Arab Socialist Union Question: What was the expression of Nasser's reforms on the street? Answer: repression Question: What group was targeted with imprisonment? Answer: Islamists Question: How did two of Nasser's top aids respond to the new measures? Answer: submit their resignations in protest
Context: Several commentators have suggested that if the liquidity crisis continues, an extended recession or worse could occur. The continuing development of the crisis has prompted fears of a global economic collapse although there are now many cautiously optimistic forecasters in addition to some prominent sources who remain negative. The financial crisis is likely to yield the biggest banking shakeout since the savings-and-loan meltdown. Investment bank UBS stated on October 6 that 2008 would see a clear global recession, with recovery unlikely for at least two years. Three days later UBS economists announced that the "beginning of the end" of the crisis had begun, with the world starting to make the necessary actions to fix the crisis: capital injection by governments; injection made systemically; interest rate cuts to help borrowers. The United Kingdom had started systemic injection, and the world's central banks were now cutting interest rates. UBS emphasized the United States needed to implement systemic injection. UBS further emphasized that this fixes only the financial crisis, but that in economic terms "the worst is still to come". UBS quantified their expected recession durations on October 16: the Eurozone's would last two quarters, the United States' would last three quarters, and the United Kingdom's would last four quarters. The economic crisis in Iceland involved all three of the country's major banks. Relative to the size of its economy, Iceland’s banking collapse is the largest suffered by any country in economic history. Question: In 2008, what type collapse was feared? Answer: global economic collapse Question: What investment bank stated on October 6 that 2008 would see a global recession lasting for at least two years? Answer: UBS Question: On October 16, 2008, how long did UBS predict the United States' recession would last? Answer: three quarters Question: Relative to the size of its economy, what country's banking collapse was the largest experienced by any country in economic history? Answer: Iceland Question: What was one of the actions taken by government to fix the financial crisis? Answer: capital injection
Context: Following the 1967 war and the "three nos" resolution of the Arab League, during the 1967–1970 War of Attrition Israel faced attacks from the Egyptians in the Sinai, and from Palestinian groups targeting Israelis in the occupied territories, in Israel proper, and around the world. Most important among the various Palestinian and Arab groups was the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO), established in 1964, which initially committed itself to "armed struggle as the only way to liberate the homeland". In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Palestinian groups launched a wave of attacks against Israeli and Jewish targets around the world, including a massacre of Israeli athletes at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich. The Israeli government responded with an assassination campaign against the organizers of the massacre, a bombing and a raid on the PLO headquarters in Lebanon. Question: Where was the massacre of the Israeli athletes? Answer: 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich Question: What was the resolution of the Arab league? Answer: three nos Question: What did the ELO commit itself on? Answer: armed struggle as the only way to liberate the homeland

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