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Context: The event of the Protestant Reformation and the politics that ensued has been cited as the origins of German identity that arose in response to the spread of a common German language and literature. Early German national culture was developed through literary and religious figures including Martin Luther, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and Friedrich Schiller. The concept of a German nation was developed by German philosopher Johann Gottfried Herder. The popularity of German identity arose in the aftermath of the French Revolution.
Question: What is credited with the origins of the German identity?
Answer: Protestant Reformation
Question: How was early German culture developed?
Answer: literary and religious figures
Question: What man is credited with the emergence of the German nation?
Answer: Johann Gottfried Herder
Question: When did the popularity of the German nation increase?
Answer: aftermath of the French Revolution
Question: What is credited with creating the Origins of a German identity?
Answer: Protestant Reformation
Question: Who developed the concept of a German Nation?
Answer: Johann Gottfried Herder
Question: When did the popularity of a German identity arise?
Answer: in the aftermath of the French Revolution
Question: Who was Johann Herder?
Answer: German philosopher
Question: What movement slowed the spread of a German identity?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What concept was developed by Martin Luther?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What literay and religious figures helped spread German culture in europe?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The advertised battery life on most models is different from the real-world achievable life. For example, the fifth generation 30 GB iPod is advertised as having up to 14 hours of music playback. An MP3.com report stated that this was virtually unachievable under real-life usage conditions, with a writer for MP3.com getting on average less than 8 hours from an iPod. In 2003, class action lawsuits were brought against Apple complaining that the battery charges lasted for shorter lengths of time than stated and that the battery degraded over time. The lawsuits were settled by offering individuals either US$50 store credit or a free battery replacement.
Question: How long were 5th generation iPods marketed as being able to function before needing to be charged?
Answer: 14 hours
Question: Which website criticized Apple's battery life claims?
Answer: MP3.com
Question: In what year was Apple sued for issues relating to its battery life?
Answer: 2003
Question: Discrepancy in what spec brought about a class action suit against Apple in 2003?
Answer: battery life
Question: How many hours of real-time battery life did the 5th-generation iPod test at, compared to its advertised 14 hours?
Answer: 8 hours |
Context: Canada's Armed forces operate out of 27 Canadian Forces bases (CFB) across the country, including NDHQ. This number has been gradually reduced since the 1970s with bases either being closed or merged. Both officers and non-commissioned members receive their basic training at the Canadian Forces Leadership and Recruit School in Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu. Officers will generally either directly enter the Canadian Armed Forces with a degree from a civilian university, or receive their commission upon graduation from the Royal Military College of Canada. Specific element and trade training is conducted at a variety of institutions throughout Canada, and to a lesser extent, the world.
Question: How many Canadian Forces bases are there in Canada?
Answer: 27
Question: Where do Canadian Forces members go for training?
Answer: Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu
Question: What is the place called where initial training happens?
Answer: Canadian Forces Leadership and Recruit School
Question: How many non-Canadian Forces bases are there in Canada?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where do non-Canadian Forces members go for training?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the place called where post-initial training happens?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Counting shipping as quasi-exports and in terms of monetary value, Greece ranked 4th globally in 2011 having "exported" shipping services worth 17,704.132 million $; only Denmark, Germany and South Korea ranked higher during that year. Similarly counting shipping services provided to Greece by other countries as quasi-imports and the difference between "exports" and "imports" as a "trade balance", Greece in 2011 ranked in the latter second behind Germany, having "imported" shipping services worth 7,076.605 million US$ and having run a "trade surplus" of 10,712.342 million US$.
Question: When counting shipping as quasi-exports and in terms of monetary value, what is Greece's global rank?
Answer: 4th
Question: What was the worth Greece's shipping services in 2011?
Answer: 17,704.132 million $
Question: What three countries were ahead of Greece in 2011 with exports?
Answer: Denmark, Germany and South Korea
Question: What was the shipping services imported by Greece in 2011 worth?
Answer: 7,076.605 million US$
Question: What was Greece's 2011 trade surplus?
Answer: 10,712.342 million US$
Question: When counting shipping as quasi-exports and in terms of monetary value, what is Greece's local rank?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the worth Greece's shipping services lost in 2011?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What seven countries were ahead of Greece in 2011 with exports?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was Greece's 2011 trade deficit?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Television personality Piers Morgan, a former editor of the Daily Mirror and of The Sun's Bizarre pop column, has said that during the late 1980s, at Kelvin MacKenzie's behest, he was ordered to speculate on the sexuality of male pop stars for a feature headlined "The Poofs of Pop". He also recalls MacKenzie headlining a January 1989 story about the first same-sex kiss on the BBC television soap opera EastEnders "EastBenders", describing the kiss between Colin Russell and Guido Smith as "a homosexual love scene between yuppie poofs ... when millions of children were watching".
Question: What did Piers Morgan offer opinions about in a late 1980s column?
Answer: the sexuality of male pop stars
Question: Which papers did Morgan serve as editor of?
Answer: Daily Mirror and of The Sun
Question: Which BBC show's homosexual kiss did The Sun report on?
Answer: EastEnders
Question: Who shared the first homosexual kiss on EastEnders?
Answer: Colin Russell and Guido Smith
Question: Which column did Piers Morgan edit at The Sun?
Answer: Bizarre pop column |
Context: Most airports welcome filming on site, although it must be agreed in advance and may be subject to a fee. Landside, filming can take place in all public areas. However airside, filming is heavily restricted, the only airside locations where filming is permitted are the Departure Lounge and some outside areas. To film in an airside location, all visitors must go through security, the same as passengers, and be accompanied by a full airside pass holder and have their passport with them at all times. Filming can not be undertaken in Security, at Immigration/Customs, or in Baggage Reclaim.
Question: Landside, where can filming take place?
Answer: all public areas
Question: What are the only airside locations where filming is allowed?
Answer: Departure Lounge and some outside areas
Question: What can not be undertaken n Security, at Immigration/Customs or in Baggage Reclaim?
Answer: Filming
Question: How do most passengers feel about filming?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What must you pay to film in Baggage Reclaim?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What visitor locations permit filming with a fee?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What must all visitors do when there is filming in landside areas?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What must you do to film in Security, at Immigration/Customs and Baggage Reclaim?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Many US and European jewellery companies, including Bulgari, Tiffany, and Cartier, refuse to import these stones based on reports of deplorable working conditions in the mines. Human Rights Watch has encouraged a complete ban on the purchase of Burmese gems based on these reports and because nearly all profits go to the ruling junta, as the majority of mining activity in the country is government-run. The government of Myanmar controls the gem trade by direct ownership or by joint ventures with private owners of mines.
Question: What is the difficulty with expanding the gem business in Burma ?
Answer: US and European jewellery companies, including Bulgari, Tiffany, and Cartier, refuse to import these stones based
Question: Why is Burma experiencing this problem with the gems industry ?
Answer: reports of deplorable working conditions in the mines.
Question: Who gave information on the gem industries in Burma ?
Answer: Human Rights Watch
Question: What did the group advised based on the information's results ?
Answer: encouraged a complete ban on the purchase of Burmese gems based
Question: Who receives the majority of financial benefits from the gem mining ?
Answer: the ruling junta |
Context: On October 28, 1989, the Ukrainian Supreme Soviet decreed that effective January 1, 1990, Ukrainian would be the official language of Ukraine, while Russian would be used for communication between ethnic groups. On the same day The Congregation of the Church of the Transfiguration in Lviv left the Russian Orthodox Church and proclaimed itself the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. The following day, thousands attended a memorial service at Demianiv Laz, and a temporary marker was placed to indicate that a monument to the "victims of the repressions of 1939–1941" soon would be erected.
Question: What was made Ukraine's official language in 1990?
Answer: Ukrainian
Question: Who decided Ukraine's official language?
Answer: Ukrainian Supreme Soviet
Question: For what reason would the Russian be spoken?
Answer: communication between ethnic groups
Question: Where was the January 2 memorial service?
Answer: Demianiv Laz |
Context: Kaszycka et al. (2009) in 2002–2003 surveyed European anthropologists' opinions toward the biological race concept. Three factors, country of academic education, discipline, and age, were found to be significant in differentiating the replies. Those educated in Western Europe, physical anthropologists, and middle-aged persons rejected race more frequently than those educated in Eastern Europe, people in other branches of science, and those from both younger and older generations." The survey shows that the views on race are sociopolitically (ideologically) influenced and highly dependent on education."
Question: What years did Kaszycka survey Eureopean anthropolgists' opinions toward the biological race concept?
Answer: 2002–2003
Question: How many factors were found to be significant in differentiating the responses of European anthropologists?
Answer: Three
Question: What did the people educated in Western Europe reject more frequently than those educated in Eastern Europe?
Answer: race
Question: How are views on race influenced?
Answer: ideologically
Question: What are views on race highly dependent on?
Answer: education |
Context: The Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land MSA's gross domestic product (GDP) in 2012 was $489 billion, making it the fourth-largest of any metropolitan area in the United States and larger than Austria's, Venezuela's, or South Africa's GDP. Only 26 countries other than the United States have a gross domestic product exceeding Houston's regional gross area product (GAP). In 2010, mining (which consists almost entirely of exploration and production of oil and gas in Houston) accounted for 26.3% of Houston's GAP up sharply in response to high energy prices and a decreased worldwide surplus of oil production capacity, followed by engineering services, health services, and manufacturing.
Question: What was Houston's gross domestic product in 2012?
Answer: $489 billion
Question: Where in the rankings does Houston's gross domestic product place it compared to other U.S. domestic areas?
Answer: fourth-largest
Question: How many other countries have a gross domestic product exceeding Houston's?
Answer: 26
Question: How much did oil and gas exploration and production make up Houston's gross product?
Answer: 26.3%
Question: Under what category does oil and gas exploration fall?
Answer: mining
Question: What was Houston's gross domestic product in 2001?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where in the rankings does Texas's gross domestic product place it compared to other U.S. domestic areas?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: ow many other countries have a gross domestic product exceeding Texas's?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much did oil and gas exploration and production make up Texas's gross product?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Under what category does ocean exploration fall?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 1845, Ireland was hit by a potato blight. In the next four years over a million Irish people died and another million emigrated in what became known as the Great Famine. In Ireland, Victoria was labelled "The Famine Queen". She personally donated £2,000 to famine relief, more than any other individual donor, and also supported the Maynooth Grant to a Roman Catholic seminary in Ireland, despite Protestant opposition. The story that she donated only £5 in aid to the Irish, and on the same day gave the same amount to Battersea Dogs Home, was a myth generated towards the end of the 19th century.
Question: What year was the potato blight in Ireland?
Answer: 1845
Question: How long did the Great Famine last?
Answer: four years
Question: How many Irish people died during the Great Famine?
Answer: over a million
Question: What was the label given to Queen Victoria during the Great Famine?
Answer: The Famine Queen
Question: How much money did Victoria donate to famine relief?
Answer: £2,000
Question: What crisis struck Ireland during 1845?
Answer: potato blight
Question: How many people died during the Great Famine in Ireland?
Answer: over a million
Question: What was Queen Victoria called in Ireland during the Great Famine?
Answer: The Famine Queen
Question: What story was later proven false about Victoria during the Great Famine?
Answer: that she donated only £5 in aid to the Irish, and on the same day gave the same amount to Battersea Dogs Home
Question: How much did Queen Victoria actually donate to support relief in Ireland, making her the top individual donor?
Answer: £2,000
Question: What happened that decimated a large portion of Ireland?
Answer: potato blight
Question: When did the potato blight begin?
Answer: 1845
Question: How many people did Ireland lose to the potato blight?
Answer: a million
Question: What did the potato blight cause Victoria to be called?
Answer: The Famine Queen
Question: How much did Victoria donate to Ireland to help with famine relief?
Answer: £2,000
Question: What year was the potato blight in Scotland?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How long didn't the Great Famine last?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many Irish people lived during the Great Famine?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the label given to Queen Victoria during the Great Feast?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much money did Victoria donate to war relief?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 2012, the city contained a total of 594 high-rise buildings, with 8 under construction, 71 planned and 39 at proposal stage making the city's skyline the second largest in Australia. The CBD is dominated by modern office buildings including the Rialto Towers (1986), built on the site of several grand classical Victorian buildings, two of which — the Rialto Building (1889) designed by William Pitt and the Winfield Building (1890) designed by Charles D'Ebro and Richard Speight — still remain today and more recently hi-rise apartment buildings including Eureka Tower (2006), which is listed as the 13th tallest residential building in the world in January 2014.
Question: Who designed the Rialto Building in 1889?
Answer: William Pitt
Question: Who designed the Winfield Building in 1890?
Answer: Charles D'Ebro and Richard Speight
Question: Which building was listed as the 13th tallest residential building in the world in January 2014?
Answer: Eureka Tower
Question: In what year was the Eureka Tower completed?
Answer: 2006
Question: How does Melbourne's skyline rank in terms of other skylines in Australia?
Answer: second largest |
Context: In 2009[update], over 300,000 Israeli citizens lived in West Bank settlements such as Ma'ale Adumim and Ariel, including settlements that predated the establishment of the State of Israel and which were re-established after the Six-Day War, in cities such as Hebron and Gush Etzion. In 2011, there were 250,000 Jews living in East Jerusalem. 20,000 Israelis live in Golan Heights settlements. The total number of Israeli settlers is over 500,000 (6.5% of the Israeli population). Approximately 7,800 Israelis lived in settlements in the Gaza Strip, until they were evacuated by the government as part of its 2005 disengagement plan.
Question: How many Israeli citizens lived in West Bank settlements?
Answer: over 300,000
Question: How many Israelis lived in Golan Heights settlements?
Answer: 20,000
Question: When were Israelis evacuated from Gaza Strip?
Answer: 2005 |
Context: The heavy infantry of the maniples were supported by a number of light infantry and cavalry troops, typically 300 horsemen per manipular legion. The cavalry was drawn primarily from the richest class of equestrians. There was an additional class of troops who followed the army without specific martial roles and were deployed to the rear of the third line. Their role in accompanying the army was primarily to supply any vacancies that might occur in the maniples. The light infantry consisted of 1,200 unarmoured skirmishing troops drawn from the youngest and lower social classes. They were armed with a sword and a small shield, as well as several light javelins.
Question: How many horseman were likely to be found in a single manipular legion?
Answer: 300 horsemen
Question: Where could you expect the extensive amount of cavalry troops to be sourced from?
Answer: richest class of equestrians
Question: What often neglected social class was the light infantry comprised of?
Answer: lower social classes.
Question: Small shields could be found in what section of the infantry?
Answer: light infantry
Question: What type of infantry joined light, and the cavalry in battle?
Answer: heavy infantry |
Context: The staple foods were generally consumed around 11 o'clock, and consisted of bread, lettuce, cheese, fruits, nuts, and cold meat left over from the dinner the night before.[citation needed] The Roman poet Horace mentions another Roman favorite, the olive, in reference to his own diet, which he describes as very simple: "As for me, olives, endives, and smooth mallows provide sustenance." The family ate together, sitting on stools around a table. Fingers were used to eat solid foods and spoons were used for soups.[citation needed]
Question: When were the staple foods in the Roman republic typically eaten at?
Answer: 11 o'clock
Question: What did people in the Roman Republic use to consume solid foods?
Answer: Fingers were used
Question: What type of food was cheese considered to be in Rome?
Answer: staple
Question: What form of expression did the Roman Horace practice?
Answer: poet
Question: What did Romans sit on when they had a meal at home?
Answer: stools |
Context: The Diwan of Umar, assigning annuities to all Arabs and to the Muslim soldiers of other races, underwent a change in the hands of the Umayyads. The Umayyads meddled with the register and the recipients regarded pensions as the subsistence allowance even without being in active service. Hisham reformed it and paid only to those who participated in battle. On the pattern of the Byzantine system the Umayyads reformed their army organization in general and divided it into five corps: the centre, two wings, vanguards and rearguards, following the same formation while on march or on a battle field. Marwan II (740–50) abandoned the old division and introduced Kurdus (cohort), a small compact body. The Umayyad troops were divided into three divisions: infantry, cavalry and artillery. Arab troops were dressed and armed in Greek fashion. The Umayyad cavalry used plain and round saddles. The artillery used arradah (ballista), manjaniq (the mangonel) and dabbabah or kabsh (the battering ram). The heavy engines, siege machines and baggage were carried on camels behind the army.
Question: What is the meaning of the term Kurdus in English?
Answer: cohort
Question: What caliph reigned from 740 to 750?
Answer: Marwan II
Question: What style of dress did Arab troops wear under Marwan II?
Answer: Greek
Question: Along with artillery and infantry, what was the third division of Umayyad troops under Marwan II?
Answer: cavalry
Question: What did the Umayyads call the mangonel?
Answer: manjaniq
Question: Who didn't change the Diwan of Umar?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the Byzantines pattern their army organization on?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many corps did the Byzantines have?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who reintroduced the old division?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what fashion were Greek troops armed?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 2011, the foundation launched a program called "Reinvent the Toilet Challenge" with the aim to promote the development of innovations in toilet design to benefit the 2.5 billion people that do not have access to safe and effective sanitation. This program has generated significant interest of the mainstream media. It was complemented by a program called "Grand Challenges Explorations" (2011 to 2013 with some follow-up grants reaching until 2015) which involved grants of US$100,000 each in the first round. Both funding schemes explicitly excluded project ideas that relied on centralized sewerage systems or are not compatible with development country contexts.
Question: When was reinvent the toilet launched
Answer: In 2011, the foundation launched a program called "Reinvent the Toilet Challenge
Question: What is the aim of reinvent the toilet
Answer: to promote the development of innovations in toilet design to benefit the 2.5 billion people that do not have access to safe and effective sanitation
Question: WHat program compliment reinvent the toilet
Answer: It was complemented by a program called "Grand Challenges Explorations" (2011 to 2013 with some follow-up grants reaching until 2015)
Question: What was excluded by the funding schemes
Answer: Both funding schemes explicitly excluded project ideas that relied on centralized sewerage systems or are not compatible with development country contexts
Question: In 2011 what program was launched by Grand Challenges Exploration?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What program generated interest by Grand Challenges Explorations?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did both innovations exclude?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What program complimented innovations in toilet design?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the aim of Grand Challenges Explorations?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: After the Incheon landing, the 1st Cavalry Division began its northward advance from the Pusan Perimeter. "Task Force Lynch" (after Lieutenant Colonel James H. Lynch), 3rd Battalion, 7th Cavalry Regiment, and two 70th Tank Battalion units (Charlie Company and the Intelligence–Reconnaissance Platoon) effected the "Pusan Perimeter Breakout" through 106.4 miles (171.2 km) of enemy territory to join the 7th Infantry Division at Osan. The X Corps rapidly defeated the KPA defenders around Seoul, thus threatening to trap the main KPA force in Southern Korea.
Question: Whose nickname was 'Task Force Lynch'?
Answer: Lieutenant Colonel James H. Lynch
Question: What was the 106 mile push through enemy territory called?
Answer: the "Pusan Perimeter Breakout"
Question: Who was defeated near Seoul, Korea?
Answer: the KPA |
Context: Many ancient works, such as the Bible and the Greek tragedies,[citation needed] survive in hundreds of copies, and the relationship of each copy to the original may be unclear. Textual scholars have debated for centuries which sources are most closely derived from the original, hence which readings in those sources are correct.[citation needed] Although biblical books that are letters, like Greek plays, presumably had one original, the question of whether some biblical books, like the Gospels, ever had just one original has been discussed. Interest in applying textual criticism to the Qur'an has also developed after the discovery of the Sana'a manuscripts in 1972, which possibly date back to the 7–8th centuries.
Question: Interest in an analysis of what text has arose in the early 1970's?
Answer: Qur'an
Question: Why are scholars concerned with analysis of the Gospels over the letters?
Answer: biblical books that are letters, like Greek plays, presumably had one original
Question: Why is it important for textual critics to analyze the Gospels?
Answer: the question of whether some biblical books, like the Gospels, ever had just one original has been discussed
Question: What manuscripts prompted a textual analysis of the Qur'an
Answer: Sana'a manuscripts
Question: When were the Sana'a manuscripts probably written?
Answer: possibly date back to the 7–8th centuries.
Question: Interest in an analysis of what text has arose in the early 8th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why are scholars concerned with analysis of plays?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why is it important for textual critics to analyze plays?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What books prompted a textual analysis of modern work?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which manuscript was written in 1972?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Private career and technology education schools in Oklahoma City include Oklahoma Technology Institute, Platt College, Vatterott College, and Heritage College. The Dale Rogers Training Center in Oklahoma City is a nonprofit vocational training center for individuals with disabilities.
Question: What center is a nonprofit training center for disabled people?
Answer: The Dale Rogers Training Center |
Context: As in most of eastern China the ethnic makeup of Nanjing is predominantly Han nationality (98.56 percent), with 50 other minority nationalities. In 1999, 77,394 residents belonged to minority nationalities, among which the vast majority (64,832) were Hui nationalities, contributing 83.76 percent to the minority population. The second and third largest minority groups were Manchu (2,311) and Zhuang (533) nationalities. Most of the minority nationalities resided in Jianye District, comprising 9.13 percent of the district's population.
Question: What is the overwhelming ethnic majority in Nanjing?
Answer: Han nationality
Question: What minority nationality is most common?
Answer: Hui nationalities
Question: What is the second most common minority group in Nanjing?
Answer: Manchu
Question: How many people of Manchu descent live in Nanjing?
Answer: 2,311
Question: How many minority nationality types does Nanjing contain?
Answer: 50 |
Context: New York became the most populous urbanized area in the world in the early 1920s, overtaking London. The metropolitan area surpassed the 10 million mark in the early 1930s, becoming the first megacity in human history. The difficult years of the Great Depression saw the election of reformer Fiorello La Guardia as mayor and the fall of Tammany Hall after eighty years of political dominance.
Question: In the early 1920s, what was the second most highly populated city in the world?
Answer: London
Question: What is the term for a city with a population of over 10 million?
Answer: megacity
Question: Who was mayor of New York during the Great Depression?
Answer: Fiorello La Guardia
Question: For about how many years did Tammany Hall control New York political life?
Answer: eighty
Question: In the 1930s, New York City had more than 10 million people becoming the first what in history?
Answer: megacity |
Context: Contrary to how the Protestant Reformers were often characterized, the concept of a catholic or universal Church was not brushed aside during the Protestant Reformation. On the contrary, the visible unity of the catholic or universal church was seen by the Protestant reformers as an important and essential doctrine of the Reformation. The Magisterial reformers, such as Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Huldrych Zwingli, believed that they were reforming the Roman Catholic Church, which they viewed as having become corrupted. Each of them took very seriously the charges of schism and innovation, denying these charges and maintaining that it was the Roman Catholic Church that had left them. In order to justify their departure from the Roman Catholic Church, Protestants often posited a new argument, saying that there was no real visible Church with divine authority, only a spiritual, invisible, and hidden church—this notion began in the early days of the Protestant Reformation.
Question: Who were Magisterial reformers?
Answer: Martin Luther, John Calvin, and Huldrych Zwingli
Question: What institution did Martin Luther believe he was reforming?
Answer: the Roman Catholic Church
Question: Instead of a visible church, what did Protestants believe there was?
Answer: a spiritual, invisible, and hidden church
Question: When did the idea of a hidden church begin?
Answer: in the early days of the Protestant Reformation
Question: What church did the Reformers claim had left them?
Answer: the Roman Catholic Church |
Context: The Swiss climate is generally temperate, but can vary greatly between the localities, from glacial conditions on the mountaintops to the often pleasant near Mediterranean climate at Switzerland's southern tip. There are some valley areas in the southern part of Switzerland where some cold-hardy palm trees are found. Summers tend to be warm and humid at times with periodic rainfall so they are ideal for pastures and grazing. The less humid winters in the mountains may see long intervals of stable conditions for weeks, while the lower lands tend to suffer from inversion, during these periods, thus seeing no sun for weeks.
Question: Where are Switzerland's glacial conditions located?
Answer: mountaintops
Question: What is typical weather in Switzerland during the summer months?
Answer: warm and humid at times with periodic rainfall
Question: What can the lower lands, suffering from inversion, sometimes lack for weeks?
Answer: sun
Question: What is the climate on Switzerland's southern tip?
Answer: Mediterranean |
Context: Many aspects of Roman culture were borrowed from the Greeks. In architecture and sculpture, the difference between Greek models and Roman paintings are apparent. The chief Roman contributions to architecture were the arch and the dome. Rome has also had a tremendous impact on European cultures following it. Its significance is perhaps best reflected in its endurance and influence, as is seen in the longevity and lasting importance of works of Virgil and Ovid. Latin, the Republic's primary language, remains used for liturgical purposes by the Roman Catholic Church, and up to the 19th century was used extensively in scholarly writings in, for example, science and mathematics. Roman law laid the foundations for the laws of many European countries and their colonies.[citation needed]
Question: What culture did Rome have an extreme amount of influence on?
Answer: European cultures
Question: What language was commonly used in scholarly mathematical writings prior to the 19th century?
Answer: Latin
Question: From which people were many facets of Roman culture copied from?
Answer: Greeks
Question: What was considered to be the dominant language in the Roman Republic?
Answer: Latin |
Context: Like other governmental economic activities, also privatization, such as in the sale of government-owned property, is particularly at the risk of cronyism. Privatizations in Russia, Latin America, and East Germany were accompanied by large-scale corruption during the sale of the state owned companies. Those with political connections unfairly gained large wealth, which has discredited privatization in these regions. While media have reported widely the grand corruption that accompanied the sales, studies have argued that in addition to increased operating efficiency, daily petty corruption is, or would be, larger without privatization, and that corruption is more prevalent in non-privatized sectors. Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that extralegal and unofficial activities are more prevalent in countries that privatized less.
Question: Selling government property is highly at risk for what?
Answer: cronyism
Question: What type of people got wealthy from the sale of state-owned companies?
Answer: Those with political connections
Question: Where is corruption even more prevalent?
Answer: non-privatized sectors
Question: Countries that what have more extralegal and unofficial things going on?
Answer: privatized less |
Context: The alcohol in beer comes primarily from the metabolism of sugars that are produced during fermentation. The quantity of fermentable sugars in the wort and the variety of yeast used to ferment the wort are the primary factors that determine the amount of alcohol in the final beer. Additional fermentable sugars are sometimes added to increase alcohol content, and enzymes are often added to the wort for certain styles of beer (primarily "light" beers) to convert more complex carbohydrates (starches) to fermentable sugars. Alcohol is a by-product of yeast metabolism and is toxic to the yeast; typical brewing yeast cannot survive at alcohol concentrations above 12% by volume. Low temperatures and too little fermentation time decreases the effectiveness of yeasts and consequently decreases the alcohol content.
Question: What is the main source of the alcohol in beer?
Answer: sugars
Question: What is the process during brewing in which sugar is metabolized into alcohol?
Answer: fermentation
Question: At what concentration can yeast no longer survive in alcohol?
Answer: above 12%
Question: What could decrease alcohol content during the brewing process?
Answer: Low temperatures
Question: Why would more fermentable sugars be added to be beer during the brewing process?
Answer: to increase alcohol content
Question: Where do the sugars in beer come from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are primary factors that determine the amount of sugars in the final beer?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is yeast toxic to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What decreases wort content?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: On the eve of America's entry into World War II, CAA began to extend its ATC responsibilities to takeoff and landing operations at airports. This expanded role eventually became permanent after the war. The application of radar to ATC helped controllers in their drive to keep abreast of the postwar boom in commercial air transportation. In 1946, meanwhile, Congress gave CAA the added task of administering the federal-aid airport program, the first peacetime program of financial assistance aimed exclusively at promoting development of the nation's civil airports.
Question: When did the CAA begin to exptend it's ATC responsibilities?
Answer: World War II
Question: What helped ATC controllers in their drive ot keep ahead of the postwar boom in commercial air transportation?
Answer: radar
Question: When did Congress give the CAA the task of administering the federal-air airport program?
Answer: 1946
Question: What did the federal-aid airport program aim to help develop?
Answer: civil airports
Question: When did America enter World War II?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the CAA begin to extend it's ATC responsibilities at military airports?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the first wartime program of financial assistance aimed at promoting the development of civil airports?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did congress extend it's ATC responsibilities to takeoff and landing operations at airports?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did radar technology become permanent?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The other directly attested Old Iranian dialects are the two forms of Avestan, which take their name from their use in the Avesta, the liturgical texts of indigenous Iranian religion that now goes by the name of Zoroastrianism but in the Avesta itself is simply known as vohu daena (later: behdin). The language of the Avesta is subdivided into two dialects, conventionally known as "Old (or 'Gathic') Avestan", and "Younger Avestan". These terms, which date to the 19th century, are slightly misleading since 'Younger Avestan' is not only much younger than 'Old Avestan', but also from a different geographic region. The Old Avestan dialect is very archaic, and at roughly the same stage of development as Rigvedic Sanskrit. On the other hand, Younger Avestan is at about the same linguistic stage as Old Persian, but by virtue of its use as a sacred language retained its "old" characteristics long after the Old Iranian languages had yielded to their Middle Iranian stage. Unlike Old Persian, which has Middle Persian as its known successor, Avestan has no clearly identifiable Middle Iranian stage (the effect of Middle Iranian is indistinguishable from effects due to other causes).
Question: What ancient religious document exists in two versions and includes Old Iranian language?
Answer: Avestan
Question: What is the contemporary name of the religion which Avesta was part of?
Answer: Zoroastrianism
Question: What language shows a level of maturity corresponding to Old Avestan?
Answer: Rigvedic Sanskrit
Question: What language shows the same level of development as Younger Avestan?
Answer: Old Persian
Question: What dialect is the Avesta language from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many dialects of the Avesta language or there?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What religion is vohu daena the contemporary name for?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why did old Persian retained its old characteristics long after the old Iranian languages
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What language shows the same level of development as old Avestan
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The battle in the Marshall Islands caused irreparable damage, especially on Japanese bases. During the American bombing, the islands' population suffered from lack of food and various injuries. U.S. attacks started in mid-1943, and caused half the Japanese garrison of 5,100 people in the atoll Mili to die from hunger by August 1945.
Question: In what year did American air attacks on the Marshalls begin?
Answer: 1943
Question: How large was the Japanese garrison on Mili?
Answer: 5,100
Question: What fraction of the Japanese garrison on Mili died due to hunger?
Answer: half
Question: Along with injuries, what suffering did the American bombing cause to the Marshall Islanders?
Answer: lack of food |
Context: In the early hours of 7 December (Hawaiian time), Japan launched a major surprise carrier-based air strike on Pearl Harbor without explicit warning, which crippled the U.S. Pacific Fleet, leaving eight American battleships out of action, 188 American aircraft destroyed, and 2,403 American citizens dead. At the time of the attack, the U.S. was not officially at war anywhere in the world, which means that the people killed or property destroyed at Pearl Harbor by the Japanese attack had a non-combatant status.[nb 11] The Japanese had gambled that the United States, when faced with such a sudden and massive blow, would agree to a negotiated settlement and allow Japan free rein in Asia. This gamble did not pay off. American losses were less serious than initially thought: The American aircraft carriers, which would prove to be more important than battleships, were at sea, and vital naval infrastructure (fuel oil tanks, shipyard facilities, and a power station), submarine base, and signals intelligence units were unscathed. Japan's fallback strategy, relying on a war of attrition to make the U.S. come to terms, was beyond the IJN's capabilities.
Question: How many U.S. battleships were incapacitated in the Pearl Harbor attacks?
Answer: eight
Question: How many Americans died in the Pearl Harbor attacks?
Answer: 2,403
Question: Was America at war when Japan attacked Pearl Harbor?
Answer: not officially at war
Question: Why did Japan attack America?
Answer: allow Japan free rein in Asia
Question: What were the most vital American ships at the time of the attack?
Answer: aircraft carriers
Question: When did Japan launch the aattack on Pearl Harbor?
Answer: 7 December
Question: How many American battleships were put out of action in the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan?
Answer: eight
Question: How many US citizens were killed in the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan?
Answer: 2,403
Question: How many aircraft did the United States lose in the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan?
Answer: 188
Question: Where were the American aircraft carriers during the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan?
Answer: at sea |
Context: Beyoncé Giselle Knowles-Carter (/biːˈjɒnseɪ/ bee-YON-say) (born September 4, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, record producer and actress. Born and raised in Houston, Texas, she performed in various singing and dancing competitions as a child, and rose to fame in the late 1990s as lead singer of R&B girl-group Destiny's Child. Managed by her father, Mathew Knowles, the group became one of the world's best-selling girl groups of all time. Their hiatus saw the release of Beyoncé's debut album, Dangerously in Love (2003), which established her as a solo artist worldwide, earned five Grammy Awards and featured the Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles "Crazy in Love" and "Baby Boy".
Question: When did Beyonce start becoming popular?
Answer: in the late 1990s
Question: What areas did Beyonce compete in when she was growing up?
Answer: singing and dancing
Question: When did Beyonce leave Destiny's Child and become a solo singer?
Answer: 2003
Question: In what city and state did Beyonce grow up?
Answer: Houston, Texas
Question: In which decade did Beyonce become famous?
Answer: late 1990s
Question: In what R&B group was she the lead singer?
Answer: Destiny's Child
Question: What album made her a worldwide known artist?
Answer: Dangerously in Love
Question: Who managed the Destiny's Child group?
Answer: Mathew Knowles
Question: When did Beyoncé rise to fame?
Answer: late 1990s
Question: What role did Beyoncé have in Destiny's Child?
Answer: lead singer
Question: What was the first album Beyoncé released as a solo artist?
Answer: Dangerously in Love
Question: When did Beyoncé release Dangerously in Love?
Answer: 2003
Question: How many Grammy awards did Beyoncé win for her first solo album?
Answer: five
Question: What was Beyoncé's role in Destiny's Child?
Answer: lead singer
Question: What was the name of Beyoncé's first solo album?
Answer: Dangerously in Love |
Context: The European publishing company, Panini, approached Digimon in different ways in different countries. While Germany created their own adaptations of episodes, the United Kingdom (UK) reprinted the Dark Horse titles, then translated some of the German adaptations of Adventure 02 episodes. Eventually the UK comics were given their own original stories, which appeared in both the UK's official Digimon Magazine and the official UK Fox Kids companion magazine, Wickid. These original stories only roughly followed the continuity of Adventure 02. When the comic switched to the Tamers series the storylines adhered to continuity more strictly; sometimes it would expand on subject matter not covered by the original Japanese anime (such as Mitsuo Yamaki's past) or the English adaptations of the television shows and movies (such as Ryo's story or the movies that remained undubbed until 2005). In a money saving venture, the original stories were later removed from Digimon Magazine, which returned to printing translated German adaptations of Tamers episodes. Eventually, both magazines were cancelled.
Question: What magazine were given their own original stories of Digimon?
Answer: UK comics
Question: What series did the UK magazine storyline follow?
Answer: Adventure 02
Question: What happened to the magazines after their run of Digimon?
Answer: both magazines were cancelled
Question: What did the UK create the adaptations of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Germany retreat?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What words that replicas of adventure 02?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What remains unloved until 2008?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: "At 11 am Petrus Canisius Van Lierde as Papal Sacristan was at the bedside of the dying pope, ready to anoint him. The pope began to speak for the very last time: "I had the great grace to be born into a Christian family, modest and poor, but with the fear of the Lord. My time on earth is drawing to a close. But Christ lives on and continues his work in the Church. Souls, souls, ut omnes unum sint."[c] Van Lierde then anointed his eyes, ears, mouth, hands and feet. Overcome by emotion, Van Lierde forgot the right order of anointing. John XXIII gently helped him before bidding those present a last farewell.
Question: Who was at the dying pope's bedside?
Answer: Petrus Canisius Van Lierde
Question: Who was the Papal Sacristan for John XXIII?
Answer: Petrus Canisius Van Lierde
Question: When did the pope bid farewell?
Answer: 11 am
Question: What kind of family was Petrus Canisius Van Lierde born into?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Van Lierde mention about the work of the church?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did John XXIII forget to do when he was overcome with emotion?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Van Lierde give everyone a last farewell?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was annointed by John XXIII?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Carriers have evolved since their inception in the early twentieth century from wooden vessels used to deploy balloons to nuclear-powered warships that carry dozens of aircraft, including fighter jets and helicopters. As of 3 March 2016, there are thirty-seven active aircraft carriers in the world within twelve navies. The United States Navy has 10 large nuclear-powered carriers (known as supercarriers, carrying up to 90 aircraft each), the largest carriers in the world; the total deckspace is over twice that of all other nations' combined. As well as the supercarrier fleet, the US Navy has nine amphibious assault ships used primarily for helicopters (sometimes called helicopter carriers); these can also carry up to 25 fighter jets, and in some cases, are as large as some other nations' fixed-wing carriers.
Question: What were carriers used for in the early 20th century?
Answer: to deploy balloons
Question: As of 3/3/2016, how many active aircraft carriers are there worldwide?
Answer: thirty-seven
Question: What is another name for the 10 large nuclear-powered carriers operated by the U.S. Navy?
Answer: supercarriers
Question: How many aircraft can supercarriers carry?
Answer: up to 90
Question: Who owns the largest carriers in the world?
Answer: The United States Navy
Question: What were carriers used for in the early 19th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: As of 3/3/2016, how many active aircraft carriers are there in the united states?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is another name for the 10 large nuclear-powered carriers operated by the U.N. Navy?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many warcraft can supercarriers carry?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who owns the smallest carriers in the world?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The term Nederduits, however introduced new confusion, since the non standardised dialects spoken in the north of Germany came to be known as Niederdeutsch as well, and thus the Duits reference in the name was dropped, leading to Nederlands as designation to refer to the Dutch language. The repeated use of Neder (or "low") to refer to the Dutch language is a reference to the Netherlands' downriver location at the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta near the North Sea, harking back to Latin nomenclature, e.g. Germania Inferior. See also: Netherlands (toponymy).
Question: What was the new word for Dutch that still caused some confusion with the language spoken in Germany?
Answer: Nederduits
Question: What does the word "Neder" translate to in English?
Answer: low
Question: The Netherlands are "low" because of their placement near what delta by the North Sea?
Answer: Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta
Question: What language started the trend of referring to the Netherlands as "Germania Inferior"?
Answer: Latin
Question: "Nederduits" often caused people to mix up the language of the Netherlands with that spoken in what directional area of Germany?
Answer: north |
Context: By 1989 Germany was nearing reunification and the Cold War was coming to a close. Army leadership reacted by starting to plan for a reduction in strength. By November 1989 Pentagon briefers were laying out plans to reduce army end strength by 23%, from 750,000 to 580,000. A number of incentives such as early retirement were used. In 1990 Iraq invaded its smaller neighbor, Kuwait, and U.S. land forces, quickly deployed to assure the protection of Saudi Arabia. In January 1991 Operation Desert Storm commenced, a U.S.-led coalition which deployed over 500,000 troops, the bulk of them from U.S. Army formations, to drive out Iraqi forces. The campaign ended in total victory, as Western coalition forces routed the Iraqi Army, organized along Soviet lines, in just one hundred hours.
Question: In 1989, what did the Pentagon plan to reduce the army end strength to?
Answer: 580,000
Question: Which country did Iraq invade in 1990?
Answer: Kuwait
Question: What operation began in January 1991?
Answer: Desert Storm
Question: How many troops were involved in Operation Desert Storm?
Answer: 500,000
Question: How long did Operation Desert Storm last?
Answer: one hundred hours
Question: What did the Pentagon pan to increase the army strength to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What state did Iraq invade in 1990?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What operation ended in January 1991?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many months did Operation Desert Storm last?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many Canadian-led troops were deployed?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: St. Patrick's Street, the main street of the city which was remodelled in the mid-2000s, is known for the architecture of the buildings along its pedestrian-friendly route and is the main shopping thoroughfare. The reason for its curved shape is that it originally was a channel of the River Lee that was built over on arches. The General Post Office, with its limestone façade, is on Oliver Plunkett Street, on the site of the Theatre Royal which was built in 1760 and burned down in 1840. The English circus proprietor Pablo Fanque rebuilt an amphitheatre on the spot in 1850, which was subsequently transformed into a theatre and then into the present General Post Office in 1877. The Grand Parade is a tree-lined avenue, home to offices, shops and financial institutions. The old financial centre is the South Mall, with several banks whose interior derive from the 19th century, such as the Allied Irish Bank's which was once an exchange.
Question: What is main street Cork?
Answer: St. Patrick's Street
Question: When was St. Patrick's Street remodeled?
Answer: mid-2000s
Question: What is St. Patrick's Street curved?
Answer: it originally was a channel of the River Lee that was built over on arches
Question: When did the Theatre Royal burn?
Answer: 1840
Question: What was built on the site of the old Theatre Royal?
Answer: General Post Office
Question: What street was remodeled in the 20th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Theater was built in the 17th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who built an amphitheater in 1850?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What built on the site of the old Theater Royal in the 18th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What bank has an exterior dating to the 19th century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was St. Patrick's Street damaged by fire?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who built the Allied Irish Bank in 1850?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the Allied Irish Bank transformed into?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the Allied Irish Bank turned into in 1877?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why does the General Post Office have a curved shape?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: On 27 September, MacArthur received the top secret National Security Council Memorandum 81/1 from Truman reminding him that operations north of the 38th parallel were authorized only if "at the time of such operation there was no entry into North Korea by major Soviet or Chinese Communist forces, no announcements of intended entry, nor a threat to counter our operations militarily..." On 29 September MacArthur restored the government of the Republic of Korea under Syngman Rhee. On 30 September, Defense Secretary George Marshall sent an eyes-only message to MacArthur: "We want you to feel unhampered tactically and strategically to proceed north of the 38th parallel." During October, the ROK police executed people who were suspected to be sympathetic to North Korea, and similar massacres were carried out until early 1951.
Question: What memorandum stated the circumstances for engaging in conflict above the 38th parallel?
Answer: National Security Council Memorandum 81/1
Question: Who controlled the newly restored government of the Republic of Korea?
Answer: Syngman Rhee
Question: Who sent a message to MacArthur giving him the authority to proceed past the 38th parallel?
Answer: Defense Secretary George Marshall
Question: Who executed people who were believed to be loyal to North Korea?
Answer: ROK police
Question: What year did the executions stop?
Answer: 1951 |
Context: The Shang dynasty oracle bone script and the Zhou dynasty scripts found on Chinese bronze inscriptions are no longer used; the oldest script that is still in use today is the Seal Script (篆書(书), zhuànshū). It evolved organically out of the Spring and Autumn period Zhou script, and was adopted in a standardized form under the first Emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang. The seal script, as the name suggests, is now used only in artistic seals. Few people are still able to read it effortlessly today, although the art of carving a traditional seal in the script remains alive; some calligraphers also work in this style.
Question: What script is only used in artistic seals?
Answer: seal
Question: What script is the oldest and still in use today?
Answer: Seal
Question: Who work in the style of carving a traditional seal in the script?
Answer: calligraphers |
Context: During the Consulate, Napoleon faced several royalist and Jacobin assassination plots, including the Conspiration des poignards (Dagger plot) in October 1800 and the Plot of the Rue Saint-Nicaise (also known as the Infernal Machine) two months later. In January 1804, his police uncovered an assassination plot against him that involved Moreau and which was ostensibly sponsored by the Bourbon family, the former rulers of France. On the advice of Talleyrand, Napoleon ordered the kidnapping of the Duke of Enghien, violating the sovereignty of Baden. The Duke was quickly executed after a secret military trial, even though he had not been involved in the plot. Enghien's execution infuriated royal courts throughout Europe, become one of the contributing political factors for the outbreak of the Napoleonic Wars.
Question: What was the name of the assassination plot against Napoleon also known as the Infernal Machine?
Answer: the Plot of the Rue Saint-Nicaise
Question: When did the Conspiration des poignards take place?
Answer: October 1800
Question: What family was supposed to have supported the January 1804 assassination plot targeting Napoleon?
Answer: the Bourbon family
Question: What was another name for the Conspiration des poignards?
Answer: Dagger plot
Question: The kidnapping of the Duke of Enghien violated the sovereignty of what locale?
Answer: Baden |
Context: Religions and peoples are diverse in Southeast Asia and not one country is homogeneous. In the world's most populous Muslim nation, Indonesia, Hinduism is dominant on islands such as Bali. Christianity also predominates in the rest of the part of the Philippines, New Guinea and Timor. Pockets of Hindu population can also be found around Southeast Asia in Singapore, Malaysia etc. Garuda (Sanskrit: Garuḍa), the phoenix who is the mount (vahanam) of Vishnu, is a national symbol in both Thailand and Indonesia; in the Philippines, gold images of Garuda have been found on Palawan; gold images of other Hindu gods and goddesses have also been found on Mindanao. Balinese Hinduism is somewhat different from Hinduism practised elsewhere, as Animism and local culture is incorporated into it. Christians can also be found throughout Southeast Asia; they are in the majority in East Timor and the Philippines, Asia's largest Christian nation. In addition, there are also older tribal religious practices in remote areas of Sarawak in East Malaysia,Highland Philippines and Papua in eastern Indonesia. In Burma, Sakka (Indra) is revered as a nat. In Vietnam, Mahayana Buddhism is practised, which is influenced by native animism but with strong emphasis on Ancestor Worship.
Question: Which is Asia's largest christian nation?
Answer: Philippines
Question: Garuda is the national symbol of which 2 countries?
Answer: Thailand and Indonesia
Question: Which religion is dominant on the Island of Bali?
Answer: Hinduism
Question: Name the most Muslim populous region in Asia?
Answer: Indonesia
Question: What is practiced in Vietnam?
Answer: Vietnam
Question: What is the worlds most populated Hindu nation?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where is ancestor whorship predominant?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where are Christians the minority?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where are tribal religions still occasionally practiced?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: From the end of the 1980s to the early 1990s, the FBI reassigned more than 300 agents from foreign counter-intelligence duties to violent crime, and made violent crime the sixth national priority. With reduced cuts to other well-established departments, and because terrorism was no longer considered a threat after the end of the Cold War, the FBI assisted local and state police forces in tracking fugitives who had crossed state lines, which is a federal offense. The FBI Laboratory helped develop DNA testing, continuing its pioneering role in identification that began with its fingerprinting system in 1924.
Question: Did the FBI reassign agents from counter-intelligence to violent crime?
Answer: the FBI reassigned more than 300 agents from foreign counter-intelligence duties to violent crime
Question: What priority were violent crimes in the 1990s, according to the FBI?
Answer: sixth national priority
Question: Did the new priorities of the FBI mean cutting other departments?
Answer: With reduced cuts to other well-established departments
Question: Was terrorism considered a threat after the cold war?
Answer: terrorism was no longer considered a threat
Question: What agency pioneered DNA testing?
Answer: The FBI
Question: How many agents did the FBI reassign before the 1980s?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What were 300 agents reassigned from violent crime to focus on?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the FBI's first national priority?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was still considered a threat after the end of the Cold War?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the FBI's pioneering role in identification end?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In flood lamps used for photographic lighting, the tradeoff is made in the other direction. Compared to general-service bulbs, for the same power, these bulbs produce far more light, and (more importantly) light at a higher color temperature, at the expense of greatly reduced life (which may be as short as two hours for a type P1 lamp). The upper temperature limit for the filament is the melting point of the metal. Tungsten is the metal with the highest melting point, 3,695 K (6,191 °F). A 50-hour-life projection bulb, for instance, is designed to operate only 50 °C (122 °F) below that melting point. Such a lamp may achieve up to 22 lumens per watt, compared with 17.5 for a 750-hour general service lamp.
Question: At what temperature does a typical 50-hour-life projection bulb operate?
Answer: 50 °C (122 °F)
Question: Which metal has the highest melting point?
Answer: Tungsten
Question: What is the typical life of a P1 lamp?
Answer: as short as two hours
Question: How does the color temperature differ for photographic lighting?
Answer: higher color temperature
Question: What temperature does a typical 60-hour-life projection bulb operate?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What lamp can achieve up to 23 lumens per watt?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What metal is used with the lowest melting point?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the atypical life of a P1 lamp?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: On December 12, the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR formally ratified the Belavezha Accords and renounced the 1922 Union Treaty. The Russian deputies were also recalled from the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. The legality of this action was questionable, since Soviet law did not allow a republic to unilaterally recall its deputies. However, no one in either Russia or the Kremlin objected. Any objections from the latter would have likely had no effect, since the Soviet government had effectively been rendered impotent long before December. In effect, the largest and most powerful republic had seceded from the Union. Later that day, Gorbachev hinted for the first time that he was considering stepping down.
Question: When were the Belavezha Accords ratified?
Answer: December 12
Question: Who ratified the Accords?
Answer: the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR
Question: Who was recalled?
Answer: Russian deputies
Question: Who showed signs that he was considering resigning his position?
Answer: Gorbachev |
Context: The Cubs had no official physical mascot prior to Clark, though a man in a 'polar bear' looking outfit, called "The Bear-man" (or Beeman), which was mildly popular with the fans, paraded the stands briefly in the early 1990s. There is no record of whether or not he was just a fan in a costume or employed by the club. Through the 2013 season, there were "Cubbie-bear" mascots outside of Wrigley on game day, but none are employed by the team. They pose for pictures with fans for tips. The most notable of these was "Billy Cub" who worked outside of the stadium until for over 6 years until July 2013, when the club asked him to stop. Billy Cub, who is played by fan John Paul Weier, had unsuccessfully petitioned the team to become the official mascot.
Question: What did "The Bear-man" wear as an outfit?
Answer: 'polar bear' looking outfit
Question: During what season were "cubbie-bear" mascots outside of Wrigley on game day?
Answer: 2013 season
Question: Who played Billy Cub?
Answer: John Paul Weier |
Context: In diffuse-porous woods the pores are evenly sized so that the water conducting capability is scattered throughout the growth ring instead of being collected in a band or row. Examples of this kind of wood are alder, basswood,[citation needed] birch, buckeye, maple, willow,and the Populus species such as aspen, cottonwood and poplar. Some species, such as walnut and cherry, are on the border between the two classes, forming an intermediate group.[citation needed]
Question: What kind of woods have pores that are uniformly sized?
Answer: diffuse-porous
Question: What species do aspen, cottonwood, and poplar trees belong to?
Answer: Populus
Question: With walnut, what's another tree in the intermediate group?
Answer: cherry
Question: What capability is spread through the growth ring in ring-porous species?
Answer: water conducting
Question: Is maple wood diffuse-porous or ring-porous?
Answer: diffuse-porous |
Context: Insectivorous insects, or insects which feed on other insects, are beneficial to humans because they eat insects that could cause damage to agriculture and human structures. For example, aphids feed on crops and cause problems for farmers, but ladybugs feed on aphids, and can be used as a means to get significantly reduce pest aphid populations. While birds are perhaps more visible predators of insects, insects themselves account for the vast majority of insect consumption. Ants also help control animal populations by consuming small vertebrates. Without predators to keep them in check, insects can undergo almost unstoppable population explosions.:328–348:400
Question: What insects feed on other insects?
Answer: Insectivorous
Question: Insectivorous insects are beneficial or harmful to humans?
Answer: beneficial
Question: What insect feeds on aphids?
Answer: ladybugs
Question: What are the most visible predators of insects?
Answer: birds
Question: What is the largest consumer of insects?
Answer: insects themselves |
Context: A cardinal (Latin: sanctae romanae ecclesiae cardinalis, literally cardinal of the Holy Roman Church) is a senior ecclesiastical leader, an ecclesiastical prince, and usually (now always for those created when still within the voting age-range) an ordained bishop of the Roman Catholic Church. The cardinals of the Church are collectively known as the College of Cardinals. The duties of the cardinals include attending the meetings of the College and making themselves available individually or in groups to the Pope as requested. Most have additional duties, such as leading a diocese or archdiocese or managing a department of the Roman Curia. A cardinal's primary duty is electing the pope when the see becomes vacant. During the sede vacante (the period between a pope's death or resignation and the election of his successor), the day-to-day governance of the Holy See is in the hands of the College of Cardinals. The right to enter the conclave of cardinals where the pope is elected is limited to those who have not reached the age of 80 years by the day the vacancy occurs.
Question: The entire group of cardinals is known as what?
Answer: College of Cardinals
Question: Who is a junior ecclesiastical leader in the Holy Roman Church?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are the cardinals of the church not collectively known as?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What duties do cardinals not perform?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is a priest's primary duty?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who does not oversee the day-to-day governance during the sede vacante?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Modern interpretations see this period as a civil war between Hellenized and orthodox forms of Judaism. Out of this revolt was formed an independent Jewish kingdom known as the Hasmonaean Dynasty, which lasted from 165 BCE to 63 BCE. The Hasmonean Dynasty eventually disintegrated in a civil war, which coincided with civil wars in Rome. The last Hasmonean ruler, Antigonus II Mattathias, was captured by Herod and executed in 37 BCE. In spite of originally being a revolt against Greek overlordship, the Hasmonean kingdom and also the Herodian kingdom which followed gradually became more and more hellenized. From 37 BCE to 6 CE, the Herodian dynasty, Jewish-Roman client kings, ruled Judea. Herod the Great considerably enlarged the Temple (see Herod's Temple), making it one of the largest religious structures in the world. The style of the enlarged temple and other Herodian architecture shows significant Hellenistic architectural influence.
Question: What independent kingdom was formed out of the Maccabean Revolt of Judas Maccabeus?
Answer: Hasmonaean Dynasty
Question: What years did the Hasmonaean Dynasty exist?
Answer: 165 BCE to 63 BCE
Question: Who was the last Hasmonean ruler?
Answer: Antigonus II Mattathias
Question: Who was Antigonus II Mattathias captured by?
Answer: Herod
Question: When was Antigonus II Mattathias executed?
Answer: 37 BCE |
Context: North Carolina has rich traditions in art, music, and cuisine. The nonprofit arts and culture industry generates $1.2 billion in direct economic activity in North Carolina, supporting more than 43,600 full-time equivalent jobs and generating $119 million in revenue for local governments and the state of North Carolina. North Carolina established the North Carolina Museum of Art as the first major museum collection in the country to be formed by state legislation and funding and continues to bring millions into the NC economy. Also see this list of museums in North Carolina.
Question: What industry generates 1.2 billion in economic activity each year for North carolina?
Answer: nonprofit arts and culture
Question: How many full time jobs are held by those in the non profit arts and culture industry?
Answer: 43,600
Question: How much money does the nonprofit arts and culture industry raise for government?
Answer: $119 million
Question: What was the first museum in the country to be formed by legislature?
Answer: North Carolina Museum of Art
Question: How much money does the North Carolina Museum of art generate?
Answer: millions |
Context: The Aravalli Range runs across the state from the southwest peak Guru Shikhar (Mount Abu), which is 1,722 m in height, to Khetri in the northeast. This range divides the state into 60% in the northwest of the range and 40% in the southeast. The northwest tract is sandy and unproductive with little water but improves gradually from desert land in the far west and northwest to comparatively fertile and habitable land towards the east. The area includes the Thar Desert. The south-eastern area, higher in elevation (100 to 350 m above sea level) and more fertile, has a very diversified topography. in the south lies the hilly tract of Mewar. In the southeast, a large area within the districts of Kota and Bundi forms a tableland. To the northeast of these districts is a rugged region (badlands) following the line of the Chambal River. Farther north the country levels out; the flat plains of the northeastern Bharatpur district are part of an alluvial basin. Merta City lies in the geographical center of Rajasthan.
Question: How many meters high is Guru Shikhar?
Answer: 1,722
Question: What percentage of Rajasthan is to the northwest of the Aravalli range?
Answer: 60%
Question: What is the average elevation of the south-eastern region of Rajasthan?
Answer: 100 to 350 m above sea level
Question: A tableland is contained within what to southeastern districts?
Answer: Kota and Bundi
Question: What river runs along the badlands in the northeast of Rajasthan
Answer: the Chambal River
Question: What is the elevation of Mewar?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How does Merta city divide the state?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are the plains of northeastern Mewar a part of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What city lies in the geographical center of the Thar Desert?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the topography of the hilly tract of Khetri in the south?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In the 1874 general election, Disraeli was returned to power. He passed the Public Worship Regulation Act 1874, which removed Catholic rituals from the Anglican liturgy and which Victoria strongly supported. She preferred short, simple services, and personally considered herself more aligned with the presbyterian Church of Scotland than the episcopal Church of England. He also pushed the Royal Titles Act 1876 through Parliament, so that Victoria took the title "Empress of India" from 1 May 1876. The new title was proclaimed at the Delhi Durbar of 1 January 1877.
Question: In a general election of what year was Disraeli returned to power?
Answer: 1874
Question: What year was the Public Worship Regulation Act passed?
Answer: 1874
Question: What Church did Victoria consider herself aligned with?
Answer: presbyterian Church of Scotland
Question: What Act did Disraeli push through Parliment in 1876?
Answer: Royal Titles Act 1876
Question: In 1876 Victoria held what title?
Answer: Empress of India
Question: What removed Catholic Rituals from Anglican services?
Answer: Public Worship Regulation Act 1874
Question: Which church did Queen Victoria consider her favorite?
Answer: presbyterian Church of Scotland
Question: Who published the Royal Titles Act of 1876?
Answer: Disraeli
Question: When was Queen Victoria named the Empress of India?
Answer: 1 May 1876
Question: Where was the new title of Empress of India proclaimed?
Answer: Delhi Durbar
Question: When was Disraeli returned to office?
Answer: 1874
Question: What change, supported by Victoria, did Disraeli make to the Anglician liturgy?
Answer: removed Catholic rituals
Question: Where did Victoria really align herself when it came to religion?
Answer: presbyterian Church of Scotland
Question: What allowed Victoria to become the Empress of India?
Answer: Royal Titles Act 1876
Question: Whic act, passed by Disraeli, allowed him to alter the Anglician liturgy?
Answer: Public Worship Regulation Act 1874
Question: In a general election of what year was Disraeli kicked from power?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year was the Public Worship Regulation Act passed?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Church did Victoria consider herself unaligned with?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Act did Disraeli push through Parliment in 1867?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In 1867 Victoria held what title?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Prizes are awarded on the results of trials (internal exams), GCSE and AS-levels. In addition, many subjects and activities have specially endowed prizes, several of which are awarded by visiting experts. The most prestigious is the Newcastle Scholarship, awarded on the strength of an examination, consisting of two papers in philosophical theology, moral theory and applied ethics. Also of note are the Gladstone Memorial Prize and the Coutts Prize, awarded on the results of trials and AS-level examinations in C; and the Huxley Prize, awarded for a project on a scientific subject. Other specialist prizes include the Newcastle Classical Prize; the Rosebery Exhibition for History; the Queen’s Prizes for French and German; the Duke of Newcastle’s Russian Prize; the Beddington Spanish Prize; the Strafford and Bowman Shakespeare Prizes; the Tomline and Russell Prizes in Mathematics; the Sotheby Prize for History of Art; the Waddington Prize for Theology and Philosophy; the Birley Prize for History; The Lower Boy Rosebery Prize and the Wilder Prize for Theology. Prizes are awarded too for excellence in such activities as painting, sculpture, ceramics, playing musical instruments, musical composition, declamation, silverwork, and design.
Question: For what is the Huxley prize awarded?
Answer: a project on a scientific subject
Question: Which two prizes are dedicated to mathematics?
Answer: Tomline and Russell
Question: What artistic accomplishments can earn students a prize?
Answer: painting, sculpture, ceramics, playing musical instruments, musical composition, declamation, silverwork, and design
Question: Are trials considered internal or external exams?
Answer: internal
Question: What are generally the hardest internal exams at Eton?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the first prize to be awarded at Eton?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the name of the prize for silverwork?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the prize for musical composition?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the prize for design?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: From at least the late nineteenth century in Europe, there was speculation that the range of human sexual response looked more like a continuum than two or three discrete categories. Berlin sexologist Magnus Hirschfeld published a scheme in 1896 that measured the strength of an individual's sexual desire on two independent 10-point scales, A (homosexual) and B (heterosexual). A heterosexual individual may be A0, B5; a homosexual individual may be A5, B0; an asexual would be A0, B0; and someone with an intense attraction to both sexes would be A9, B9.
Question: Who was the sexologist that published a scheme in 1896?
Answer: Magnus Hirschfeld
Question: What did the published scheme attempt to do?
Answer: measured the strength of an individual's sexual desire
Question: How did the scheme measure desire?
Answer: on two independent 10-point scales
Question: What were the two scales defined as?
Answer: A (homosexual) and B (heterosexual)
Question: How many points were on each scale?
Answer: 10-point
Question: When did the questioning of human sexual responses begin?
Answer: From at least the late nineteenth century
Question: Who created the ten point scale on a persons sexuals desire?
Answer: Magnus Hirschfeld
Question: What year did Magnus Hirschfeld create the ten point scale on a persons sexual desire.
Answer: 1896
Question: On Magnus's ten point scale what would a homosexual person be considered?
Answer: a homosexual individual may be A5, B0
Question: On the ten point scale what would an asexual person be considered as?
Answer: an asexual would be A0, B0 |
Context: Today, Greeks are the majority ethnic group in the Hellenic Republic, where they constitute 93% of the country's population, and the Republic of Cyprus where they make up 78% of the island's population (excluding Turkish settlers in the occupied part of the country). Greek populations have not traditionally exhibited high rates of growth; nonetheless, the population of Greece has shown regular increase since the country's first census in 1828. A large percentage of the population growth since the state's foundation has resulted from annexation of new territories and the influx of 1.5 million Greek refugees after the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey. About 80% of the population of Greece is urban, with 28% concentrated in the city of Athens
Question: In the Rupublic of Hellenic who is the ethnic majority and what percentage of the populace do they represent ?
Answer: Greeks are the majority ethnic group in the Hellenic Republic, where they constitute 93% of the country's population
Question: What's the estimated populace of Greeks on the isle of Cyprus ?
Answer: Republic of Cyprus where they make up 78% of the island's population
Question: Are Greeks in danger of contributing vastly to the problem of population control ?
Answer: Greek populations have not traditionally exhibited high rates of growth
Question: Is the Greek populace on a whole increasing or decreasing in numbers ?
Answer: Greece has shown regular increase since the country's first census in 1828.
Question: Where there any significances that contributed to the increase or decrease in population numbers ?
Answer: influx of 1.5 million Greek refugees after the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey.
Question: In the Republic of Hellenic who is the ethnic majority and what percentage of the populace don't they represent?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What's the estimated populace of Irish on the isle of Cyprus?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How has the population decreased since 1828?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How has the population decreased since 1829?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The cohabitation of dogs and humans would have greatly improved the chances of survival for early human groups, and the domestication of dogs may have been one of the key forces that led to human success.
Question: What has likely led to human success?
Answer: the domestication of dogs |
Context: The 548 ft (167 m) City Hall remained the tallest building in the city until 1987 when One Liberty Place was constructed. Numerous glass and granite skyscrapers were built in Philadelphia's Center City from the late 1980s onwards. In 2007, the Comcast Center surpassed One Liberty Place to become the city's tallest building. The Comcast Innovation and Technology Center is under construction in Center City and is planned to reach a height of 1,121 feet (342 meters); upon completion, the tower is expected to be the tallest skyscraper in the United States outside of New York City and Chicago.
Question: How tall is the City Hall?
Answer: 548 ft
Question: What is the tallest building?
Answer: Comcast Center
Question: Which building under construction will surpass Comcast Center?
Answer: Comcast Innovation and Technology Center |
Context: The earliest Tibetan historical texts identify the Zhang Zhung culture as a people who migrated from the Amdo region into what is now the region of Guge in western Tibet. Zhang Zhung is considered to be the original home of the Bön religion. By the 1st century BCE, a neighboring kingdom arose in the Yarlung valley, and the Yarlung king, Drigum Tsenpo, attempted to remove the influence of the Zhang Zhung by expelling the Zhang's Bön priests from Yarlung. He was assassinated and Zhang Zhung continued its dominance of the region until it was annexed by Songtsen Gampo in the 7th century. Prior to Songtsän Gampo, the kings of Tibet were more mythological than factual, and there is insufficient evidence of their existence.
Question: Where did the Zhang Zhung people migrate from?
Answer: Amdo region
Question: Where did the Zhang Zhung people migrate to?
Answer: western Tibet
Question: What is considered to be the original home of the Bon religion?
Answer: Zhang Zhung
Question: Which Yarlung king attempted to remove the influence of the Zhang Zhung?
Answer: Drigum Tsenpo
Question: Who was the first factual king of Tibet?
Answer: Songtsän Gampo
Question: What region did the Amdo culture migrate from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where did the Zhang Zhung people migrate to from the region of Guge?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the Amdo Region considered to be the original home of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who annexed the Zhuang Zhung in the 1st century BCE?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what valley did a kingdom arise in the 7th century?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Law offers more ambiguity. Some writings of Plato and Aristotle, the law tables of Hammurabi of Babylon, or even the early parts of the Bible could be seen as legal literature. Roman civil law as codified in the Corpus Juris Civilis during the reign of Justinian I of the Byzantine Empire has a reputation as significant literature. The founding documents of many countries, including Constitutions and Law Codes, can count as literature; however, most legal writings rarely exhibit much literary merit, as they tend to be rather Written by Samuel Dean.
Question: What Babylonian ruler created formal law tables?
Answer: Hammurabi
Question: What religious scripture can be fit into a large, loose definition of legal literature?
Answer: the Bible
Question: Roman civil law was written and codified into a unified system by what group?
Answer: the Corpus Juris Civilis
Question: Under what Emperor did this group sit?
Answer: Justinian I
Question: What empire did Justinian preside over?
Answer: the Byzantine Empire
Question: Harambe of Babylon created what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Late parts of the Bible could be seen as what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was Roman National Law referred to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Many founding documents are called literature like Supreme Count Briefings and what else?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What location were Plato and Aristotle from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who reigned during the Roman Empire?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was Babylonian civil law codified in?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does Samuel Dean say law offers?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In particle physics, this inequality permits a qualitative understanding of virtual particles which carry momentum, exchange by which and with real particles, is responsible for the creation of all known fundamental forces (more accurately known as fundamental interactions). Virtual photons (which are simply lowest quantum mechanical energy state of photons) are also responsible for electrostatic interaction between electric charges (which results in Coulomb law), for spontaneous radiative decay of exited atomic and nuclear states, for the Casimir force, for van der Waals bond forces and some other observable phenomena.
Question: What are simply lowest quantum mechanical energy state of photons?
Answer: Virtual photons
Question: What is responsible for electrostatic interaction between electric charges?
Answer: Virtual photons
Question: What results in Coulomb law?
Answer: electrostatic interaction between electric charges
Question: What are simply highest quantum mechanical energy state of photons?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is responsible for non-electrostatic interaction between electric charges?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What results in Casimir law?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what type of physics, does this equality permit a qualitative understanding of virtual particles which carry momentum?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: what is not known as fundamental forces?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Construction is currently underway on the Miami Intermodal Center and Miami Central Station, a massive transportation hub servicing Metrorail, Amtrak, Tri-Rail, Metrobus, Greyhound Lines, taxis, rental cars, MIA Mover, private automobiles, bicycles and pedestrians adjacent to Miami International Airport. Completion of the Miami Intermodal Center is expected to be completed by winter 2011, and will serve over 150,000 commuters and travelers in the Miami area. Phase I of Miami Central Station is scheduled to begin service in the spring of 2012, and Phase II in 2013.
Question: What year was to see the completion of the Miami Intermodal Center?
Answer: 2011
Question: When was Phase II of the Miami Center Station supposed to enter service?
Answer: 2013
Question: Approximately how many people were intended to use Miami Intermodal Center?
Answer: 150,000
Question: What airport is Miami Intermodal Center next to?
Answer: Miami International
Question: What part of 2012 was to have seen Phase I of Miami Central Station begin?
Answer: spring
Question: What year was to see the incompletion of the Miami Intermodal Center?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was Phase III of the Miami Center Station supposed to enter service?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Approximately how many people were unintended to use Miami Intermodal Center?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What airport is Miami Intermodal Center not next to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What part of 2002 was to have seen Phase I of Miami Central Station begin?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Oklahoma City has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cfa), with frequent variations in weather daily and seasonally, except during the consistently hot and humid summer months. Prolonged and severe droughts (sometimes leading to wildfires in the vicinity) as well as very heavy rainfall leading to flash flooding and flooding occur with some regularity. Consistent winds, usually from the south or south-southeast during the summer, help temper the hotter weather. Consistent northerly winds during the winter can intensify cold periods. Severe ice storms and snowstorms happen sporadically during the winter.
Question: What type of climate does Oklahoma city?
Answer: humid subtropical climate |
Context: Most feature movies shown during the prime time and early overnight hours (8:00 p.m. to 2:30 a.m. Eastern Time) are presented by film historian Robert Osborne (who has been with the network since its 1994 launch, except for a five-month medical leave from July to December 2011, when guest hosts presented each night's films) on Sunday through Wednesday evenings – with Osborne only presenting primetime films on weekends – and Ben Mankiewicz presenting only late evening films on Thursdays, and the "Silent Sunday Nights" and "TCM Imports" blocks on Sundays.
Question: What is the time period covered by prime time and the early overnight?
Answer: 8:00 p.m. to 2:30 a.m. Eastern Time
Question: Who presents films on TCM on Wednesday nights?
Answer: Robert Osborne
Question: What is Robert Osborne by profession?
Answer: film historian
Question: Why did Robert Osborne stop presenting films on TCM for several months?
Answer: medical leave
Question: Who presents Silent Sunday Nights?
Answer: Ben Mankiewicz
Question: Who presents films on Eastern on Wednesday nights?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is Eastern by profession?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why did Robert Osbourne stop presenting films on Eastern for several months?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who presents Silent Sunday Nights?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was Ben Mankiewicz on medical leave?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Spirit possession has been documented in modern Rajasthan. Some of the spirits possessing Rajasthanis are seen as good and beneficial while others are seen as malevolent. The good spirits include murdered royalty, the underworld god Bhaironji, and Muslim saints. Bad spirits include perpetual debtors who die in debt, stillborn infants, deceased widows, and foreign tourists. The possessed individual is referred to as a ghorala ("mount"). Possession, even if it is by a benign spirit, is regarded as undesirable, as it entails loss of self-control and violent emotional outbursts.
Question: What type of possession has been documented in Rajasthan?
Answer: Spirit possession
Question: What underworld god possess Rajasthanis?
Answer: Bhaironji
Question: What are possessed individuals known as?
Answer: ghorala
Question: Ghorala is another word for what?
Answer: mount
Question: What results from possession by even benign spirits?
Answer: loss of self-control and violent emotional outbursts
Question: What type of posession has been documented by Muslim saints?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is a benign spirit referred to as?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are foregin tourists regarded as by Bhaironji?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is another word for stillborn infant?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What underworld god posesses Muslim saints?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The city of Montevideo suffered a siege of eight years between 1843 and 1851, during which it was supplied by sea with British and French support. Oribe, with the support of the then conservative Governor of Buenos Aires Province Juan Manuel de Rosas, besieged the Colorados in Montevideo, where the latter were supported by the French Legion, the Italian Legion, the Basque Legion and battalions from Brazil. Finally, in 1851, with the additional support of Argentine rebels who opposed Rosas, the Colorados defeated Oribe. The fighting, however, resumed in 1855, when the Blancos came to power, which they maintained until 1865. Thereafter, the Colorado Party regained power, which they retained until past the middle of the 20th century.
Question: What did Montevideo suffer between 1843 and 1851?
Answer: a siege
Question: How did the British and French supply the city of Montevideo??
Answer: by sea
Question: What year did the Colorados defeat Oribe?
Answer: 1851 |
Context: The struggle related to the constitutional movement continued until 1911, when Mohammad Ali Shah was defeated and forced to abdicate. On the pretext of restoring order, the Russians occupied Northern Iran in 1911, and maintained a military presence in the region for years to come. During World War I, the British occupied much of Western Iran, and fully withdrew in 1921. The Persian Campaign commenced furthermore during World War I in Northwestern Iran after an Ottoman invasion, as part of the Middle Eastern Theatre of World War I. As a result of Ottoman hostilities across the border, a large amount of the Assyrians of Iran were massacred by the Ottoman armies, notably in and around Urmia. Apart from the rule of Aqa Mohammad Khan, the Qajar rule is characterized as a century of misrule.
Question: The constitutional movement in Iran lasted from 1906 until what year?
Answer: until 1911
Question: Who was defeated and forced to abdicate at the end of the Iranian constitutional movement?
Answer: Mohammad Ali Shah
Question: In 1911, Russians occupied Northern Iran under what pretext?
Answer: restoring order
Question: The British occupied Western Iran from World War 1 until finally withdrawing in what year?
Answer: 1921
Question: Who massacred many Assyrian Iranians around Urmia during World War 1?
Answer: Ottoman armies |
Context: Injured heart tissue conducts electrical impulses more slowly than normal heart tissue. The difference in conduction velocity between injured and uninjured tissue can trigger re-entry or a feedback loop that is believed to be the cause of many lethal arrhythmias. The most serious of these arrhythmias is ventricular fibrillation (V-Fib/VF), an extremely fast and chaotic heart rhythm that is the leading cause of sudden cardiac death. Another life-threatening arrhythmia is ventricular tachycardia (V-tach/VT), which can cause sudden cardiac death. However, VT usually results in rapid heart rates that prevent the heart from pumping blood effectively. Cardiac output and blood pressure may fall to dangerous levels, which can lead to further coronary ischemia and extension of the infarct.
Question: Normal heart tissue is slower than what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the name of the arrhythmia that is slower than normal?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: V-tach is the leading cause of what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Electrical impulses trigger what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: A rising blood pressure can cause additional what?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In the classical era, several ancient city-states such as Opone, Essina, Sarapion, Nikon, Malao, Damo and Mosylon near Cape Guardafui, which competed with the Sabaeans, Parthians and Axumites for the wealthy Indo-Greco-Roman trade, also flourished in Somalia.
Question: Near what headland was Mosylon located?
Answer: Cape Guardafui
Question: Along with Mosylon, Malao, Nikon, Sarapion, Opone and Essina, what city-state flourished in ancient Somalia?
Answer: Damo
Question: Along with the Parthians and Axumites, who were the commercial competitors of the ancient Somalis?
Answer: Sabaeans
Question: What trade did the ancient Somalis and others compete for?
Answer: Indo-Greco-Roman |
Context: Notable Old Etonians in the media include the former Political Editor of both ITN and The Times, Julian Haviland; the current BBC Deputy Political Editor, James Landale, and the BBC Science Editor, David Shukman; the current President of Conde Nast International and Managing Director of Conde Nast UK, Nicholas Coleridge; the former ITN newscaster and BBC Panorama presenter, Ludovic Kennedy; current BBC World News and BBC Rough Justice current affairs presenter David Jessel; former chief ITV and Channel 4 racing commentator John Oaksey; 1950s BBC newsreader and 1960s ITN newscaster Timothy Brinton; 1960s BBC newsreader Corbet Woodall; the former Editor of The Daily Telegraph, Charles Moore; the former Editor of The Spectator, Ferdinand Mount; and the current Editor of The Mail on Sunday, Geordie Greig.
Question: Which current BBC Deputy Political Editor attended Eton?
Answer: James Landale
Question: Which former Editor of the Daily Telegraph attended Eton?
Answer: Charles Moore
Question: Who is a former Eton alumn and current Editor of The Mail on Sunday?
Answer: Geordie Greig
Question: In what decade did Julian Haviland graduate from Eton?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what decade did BBC World News get its start?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what decade did David Shukam attend Eton?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what decade did David Jessel attend Eton?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did David Shukman go to Eton?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 656.3 square miles (1,700 km2); this comprises 634.0 square miles (1,642 km2) of land and 22.3 square miles (58 km2) of water. The Piney Woods is north of Houston. Most of Houston is located on the gulf coastal plain, and its vegetation is classified as temperate grassland and forest. Much of the city was built on forested land, marshes, swamp, or prairie which resembles the Deep South, and are all still visible in surrounding areas. Flatness of the local terrain, when combined with urban sprawl, has made flooding a recurring problem for the city. Downtown stands about 50 feet (15 m) above sea level, and the highest point in far northwest Houston is about 125 feet (38 m) in elevation. The city once relied on groundwater for its needs, but land subsidence forced the city to turn to ground-level water sources such as Lake Houston, Lake Conroe and Lake Livingston. The city owns surface water rights for 1.20 billion gallons of water a day in addition to 150 million gallons a day worth of groundwater.
Question: What is the square mile area of Houston?
Answer: 656.3 square miles
Question: How much of Houston's total area is water?
Answer: 22.3 square miles
Question: In what topography is Houston located?
Answer: gulf coastal plain
Question: How is the vegetation of the area classified?
Answer: temperate grassland and forest
Question: What kind of weather event is a recurring problem for Houston?
Answer: flooding
Question: What is the square mile area of Texas?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much of Houston's total area is farm?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what topography is Texas located?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How is the oil of the area classified?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What kind of weather event is a not recurring problem for Houston?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: There are diverse interpretations of Christianity which sometimes conflict. However, "Whatever else they might disagree about, Christians are at least united in believing that Jesus has a unique significance." The term "Christian" is also used adjectivally to describe anything associated with Christianity, or in a proverbial sense "all that is noble, and good, and Christ-like." It is also used as a label to identify people who associate with the cultural aspects of Christianity, irrespective of personal religious beliefs or practices.
Question: While many, the perceptions of Christianity can sometimes what?
Answer: conflict
Question: Regardless of beliefs, Christians all agree that Jesus has a unique what?
Answer: significance
Question: Whether one partakes in practices or beliefs, the label Christian is sometimes attached because they associate with what?
Answer: the cultural aspects of Christianity
Question: What regarding a proverbial sense is sometimes conflicting?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: All Christians disagree with what about Jesus?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which group of people believe Jesus does not hold a unique significance?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What term is used to describe anything associated with conflict?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In the spring of 1800, Napoleon and his troops crossed the Swiss Alps into Italy, aiming to surprise the Austrian armies that had reoccupied the peninsula when Napoleon was still in Egypt.[note 5] After a difficult crossing over the Alps, the French army entered the plains of Northern Italy virtually unopposed. While one French army approached from the north, the Austrians were busy with another stationed in Genoa, which was besieged by a substantial force. The fierce resistance of this French army, under André Masséna, gave the northern striking force precious time to carry out their operations with little interference. After spending several days looking for each other, the two armies finally collided at the Battle of Marengo on June 14. General Melas had a numerical advantage, fielding about 30,000 Austrian soldiers while Napoleon commanded 24,000 French troops. The battle began favorably for the Austrians as their initial attack surprised the French and gradually drove them back. Melas concluded that he'd won the battle and retired to his headquarters around 3 pm, leaving his subordinates in charge of pursuing the French. However, the French lines never broke during their tactical retreat; Napoleon constantly rode out among the troops urging them to stand and fight. Late in the afternoon, a full division under Desaix arrived on the field and dramatically reversed the tide of the battle. A series of artillery barrages and fortunate cavalry charges managed to decimate the Austrian army, which fled chaotically over the Bormida River back to Alessandria, leaving behind 14,000 casualties. The following day, the Austrian army agreed to abandon Northern Italy once more with the Convention of Alessandria, which granted them safe passage to friendly soil in exchange for their fortresses throughout the region.
Question: In what year did Napoleon and his troops cross the Swiss Alps and enter Italy?
Answer: 1800
Question: Who led the French army defending Genoa against the Austrian siege?
Answer: André Masséna
Question: What was the date of the Battle of Marengo?
Answer: June 14
Question: Who led the Austrian forces at the Battle of Marengo?
Answer: General Melas
Question: How many troops did Napoleon field at the Battle of Marengo?
Answer: 24,000 |
Context: Early-years education is quite common in Thuringia. Since the 1950s, nearly all children have been using the service, whereas early-years education is less developed in western Germany. Its inventor Friedrich Fröbel lived in Thuringia and founded the world's first Kindergartens there in the 19th century. The Thuringian primary school takes four years and most primary schools are all-day schools offering optional extracurricular activities in the afternoon. At the age of ten, pupils are separated according to aptitude and proceed to either the Gymnasium or the Regelschule. The former leads to the Abitur exam after a further eight years and prepares for higher education, while the latter has a more vocational focus and finishes with exams after five or six years, comparable to the Hauptschule and Realschule found elsewhere in Germany.
Question: How long is Thuringian primary school?
Answer: four years
Question: For how long have Thuringian children been using the current education system?
Answer: Since the 1950s
Question: When do children graduate from primary school in Thuringia?
Answer: At the age of ten
Question: Who invented the early years education in Thuringia?
Answer: Friedrich Fröbel
Question: How many years of school do students attend after primary?
Answer: eight years
Question: How long is Thuringian primary school banned?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How long have Thuringian children been outside the current education system?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When do children quit primary school in Thuringia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who destroyed the early years education in Thuringia?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many years of school do students miss after primary?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Universal Studios was founded by Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane[a] and Jules Brulatour. One story has Laemmle watching a box office for hours, counting patrons and calculating the day's takings. Within weeks of his Chicago trip, Laemmle gave up dry goods to buy the first several nickelodeons. For Laemmle and other such entrepreneurs, the creation in 1908 of the Edison-backed Motion Picture Trust meant that exhibitors were expected to pay fees for Trust-produced films they showed. Based on the Latham Loop used in cameras and projectors, along with other patents, the Trust collected fees on all aspects of movie production and exhibition, and attempted to enforce a monopoly on distribution.
Question: After a trip to what city did Carl Laemmle leave the dry goods business?
Answer: Chicago
Question: In what year was the Motion Picture Trust created?
Answer: 1908
Question: What notable historical figure was involved in the Motion Picture Trust?
Answer: Edison
Question: For what part of a motion picture projector did the Motion Picture Trust hold a patent?
Answer: the Latham Loop
Question: Who founded Universal Studios in Chicago?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was created in 1980?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who back the Motion Trust Picture?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who attempted to enforce a monopoly on cameras and projectors?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: One of the first demonstrations of the ability for telecommunications to help sign language users communicate with each other occurred when AT&T's videophone (trademarked as the "Picturephone") was introduced to the public at the 1964 New York World's Fair –two deaf users were able to communicate freely with each other between the fair and another city. Various universities and other organizations, including British Telecom's Martlesham facility, have also conducted extensive research on signing via videotelephony. The use of sign language via videotelephony was hampered for many years due to the difficulty of its use over slow analogue copper phone lines, coupled with the high cost of better quality ISDN (data) phone lines. Those factors largely disappeared with the introduction of more efficient video codecs and the advent of lower cost high-speed ISDN data and IP (Internet) services in the 1990s.
Question: What company introduced the first device to help deaf people communicate through telecommunications?
Answer: AT&T
Question: What was the name of AT&T's videophone device?
Answer: Picturephone
Question: In what year was AT&T's "Picturephone" device introduced?
Answer: 1964
Question: Where was AT&T's "Picturephone" device unveiled?
Answer: 1964 New York World's Fair
Question: In what decade were more efficient ways of using sign language via video-telephony developed?
Answer: 1990s
Question: Where was the Picturephone introduced in the 1990's?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where were universities able to communicate with each other at the fair?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What organization conducted research on ISDN phone lines?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How were video codecs hampered for years?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was introduced to make extensive research easier over video telephony?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Hayek continued his research on monetary and capital theory, revising his theories of the relations between credit cycles and capital structure in Profits, Interest and Investment (1939) and The Pure Theory of Capital (1941), but his reputation as an economic theorist had by then fallen so much that those works were largely ignored, except for scathing critiques by Nicholas Kaldor. Lionel Robbins himself, who had embraced the Austrian theory of the business cycle in The Great Depression (1934), later regretted having written the book and accepted many of the Keynesian counter-arguments.
Question: What was the result of Hayek's Prices and Production?
Answer: works were largely ignored
Question: What is the name of the first book Hayek released to revise his stances from Prices and Production?
Answer: Profits, Interest and Investment
Question: Who was particularly critical of Hayek's work following Prices and Production?
Answer: Nicholas Kaldor
Question: Lionel Robbins' The Great Depression was a result of his support for what?
Answer: the Austrian theory of the business cycle
Question: Who did Keynes' arguments against the Austrian theory of the business cycle eventually influence?
Answer: Lionel Robbins |
Context: Interstate 10, which runs southeast to northwest through town, connects Tucson to Phoenix to the northwest on the way to its western terminus in Santa Monica, California, and to Las Cruces, New Mexico and El Paso, Texas toward its eastern terminus in Jacksonville, Florida. I-19 runs south from Tucson toward Nogales and the U.S.-Mexico border. I-19 is the only Interstate highway that uses "kilometer posts" instead of "mileposts", although the speed limits are marked in miles per hour instead of kilometers per hour.
Question: Which interstate is the only one that uses kilometer posts instead of mileposts?
Answer: I-19
Question: Are the speed limits on I-19 marked in miles or kilometers?
Answer: miles
Question: What border does I-19 come close to?
Answer: U.S.-Mexico border
Question: Which interstate would you take to go to Jackson Florida from Tuscon Arizona?
Answer: Interstate 10
Question: Which direction does I-10 run through Tucson?
Answer: southeast to northwest
Question: What is the next major town to the west on I-10?
Answer: Phoenix
Question: What is the next major town to the east on I-10?
Answer: Las Cruces, New Mexico
Question: Which direction does I-19 run from Tucson?
Answer: south
Question: What is unusual about I-19?
Answer: the only Interstate highway that uses "kilometer posts" instead of "mileposts" |
Context: Christian mosaic art also flourished in Rome, gradually declining as conditions became more difficult in the Early Middle Ages. 5th century mosaics can be found over the triumphal arch and in the nave of the basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore. The 27 surviving panels of the nave are the most important mosaic cycle in Rome of this period. Two other important 5th century mosaics are lost but we know them from 17th-century drawings. In the apse mosaic of Sant'Agata dei Goti (462–472, destroyed in 1589) Christ was seated on a globe with the twelve Apostles flanking him, six on either side. At Sant'Andrea in Catabarbara (468–483, destroyed in 1686) Christ appeared in the center, flanked on either side by three Apostles. Four streams flowed from the little mountain supporting Christ. The original 5th-century apse mosaic of the Santa Sabina was replaced by a very similar fresco by Taddeo Zuccari in 1559. The composition probably remained unchanged: Christ flanked by male and female saints, seated on a hill while lambs drinking from a stream at its feet. All three mosaics had a similar iconography.
Question: When did conditions become difficult for mosaic art in Rome?
Answer: the Early Middle Ages
Question: When was the mosaic of Sant'Agata dei Goti destroyed?
Answer: 1589
Question: What was similar between the three most important 5th century mosaics?
Answer: iconography
Question: When was the mosaic at Santa Sabina replaced with a fresco?
Answer: 1559
Question: Who was the artist that painted the fresco that replaced the mosaic at Santa Sobina?
Answer: Taddeo Zuccari |
Context: Queen are one of the most bootlegged bands ever, according to Nick Weymouth, who manages the band's official website. A 2001 survey discovered the existence of 12,225 websites dedicated to Queen bootlegs, the highest number for any band. Bootleg recordings have contributed to the band's popularity in certain countries where Western music is censored, such as Iran. In a project called Queen: The Top 100 Bootlegs, many of these have been made officially available to download for a nominal fee from Queen's website, with profits going to the Mercury Phoenix Trust. Rolling Stone ranked Queen at number 52 on its list of the "100 Greatest Artists of All Time", while ranking Mercury the 18th greatest singer, and May the twenty-sixth greatest guitarist. Queen were named 13th on VH1's 100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock list, and in 2010 were ranked 17th on VH1's 100 Greatest Artists of All Time list. In 2012, Gigwise readers named Queen the best band of past 60 years.
Question: How many Queen bootleg sites were discovered in 2001?
Answer: 12,225
Question: Where did Queen rank on Rolling Stone's 100 Greatest Artists of All Time in 2001?
Answer: number 52
Question: In 2010 VH1 ranked Queen at what number on their Greatest Artist of All Time List?
Answer: 17th
Question: What country is a popular site for Queen bootlegs because it is outlawed?
Answer: Iran |
Context: Neptune's dark spots are thought to occur in the troposphere at lower altitudes than the brighter cloud features, so they appear as holes in the upper cloud decks. As they are stable features that can persist for several months, they are thought to be vortex structures. Often associated with dark spots are brighter, persistent methane clouds that form around the tropopause layer. The persistence of companion clouds shows that some former dark spots may continue to exist as cyclones even though they are no longer visible as a dark feature. Dark spots may dissipate when they migrate too close to the equator or possibly through some other unknown mechanism.
Question: Where are Neptune's dark spots thought to occur?
Answer: in the troposphere
Question: What do Neptune's dark spots appear as in the cloud decks?
Answer: holes
Question: Since Neptune's dark spots persist for several months, what are they thought to be?
Answer: vortex structures
Question: What on Neptune are associated with dark spots that are brighter?
Answer: methane clouds
Question: When Neptune's dark spots migrate too close to the equator, what do they do?
Answer: dissipate
Question: Where are Neptune's light spots thought to occur?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do Neptune's light spots appear as in the cloud decks?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Since Neptune's light spots persist for several months, what are they thought to be?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What on Neptune are associated with light spots that are brighter?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When Neptune's light spots migrate too close to the equator, what do they do?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Until 1998, the network carried a variety of American programs in addition to its core Canadian programming, directly competing with private Canadian broadcasters such as CTV and Global. Since then, it has restricted itself to Canadian programs, a handful of British programs, and a few American movies and off-network repeats. Since this change, the CBC has sometimes struggled to maintain ratings comparable to those it achieved before 1995, although it has seen somewhat of a ratings resurgence in recent years. In the 2007-08 season, hit series such as Little Mosque on the Prairie and The Border helped the network achieve its strongest ratings performance in over half a decade.
Question: In what year did the network end American programming?
Answer: 1998
Question: Which recent (2007-2008) shows helped the network regain popularity?
Answer: Little Mosque on the Prairie and The Border
Question: What foreign programming is shown on the CBC after 1998?
Answer: a handful of British programs, and a few American movies and off-network repeats
Question: What two private Canadian broadcasters did the CBC merge with?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What were two controversial shows that lowered the ratings of the CBC?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of programming is permitted to be broadcast in Canada?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: For how long has the CBC maintained its lead over other broadcast networks?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Darwin was hard at work on his "big book" on Natural Selection, when on 18 June 1858 he received a parcel from Wallace, who stayed on the Maluku Islands (Ternate and Gilolo). It enclosed twenty pages describing an evolutionary mechanism, a response to Darwin's recent encouragement, with a request to send it on to Lyell if Darwin thought it worthwhile. The mechanism was similar to Darwin's own theory. Darwin wrote to Lyell that "your words have come true with a vengeance, ... forestalled" and he would "of course, at once write and offer to send [it] to any journal" that Wallace chose, adding that "all my originality, whatever it may amount to, will be smashed". Lyell and Hooker agreed that a joint publication putting together Wallace's pages with extracts from Darwin's 1844 Essay and his 1857 letter to Gray should be presented at the Linnean Society, and on 1 July 1858, the papers entitled On the Tendency of Species to form Varieties; and on the Perpetuation of Varieties and Species by Natural Means of Selection, by Wallace and Darwin respectively, were read out but drew little reaction. While Darwin considered Wallace's idea to be identical to his concept of natural selection, historians have pointed out differences. Darwin described natural selection as being analogous to the artificial selection practised by animal breeders, and emphasised competition between individuals; Wallace drew no comparison to selective breeding, and focused on ecological pressures that kept different varieties adapted to local conditions. Some historians have suggested that Wallace was actually discussing group selection rather than selection acting on individual variation.
Question: Which book was Darwin working on when he received a package from Wallace?
Answer: "big book" on Natural Selection,
Question: What was in the packages Darwin received from Wallace?
Answer: twenty pages describing an evolutionary mechanism
Question: Who wrote the paper, On the Tendency of Species to form Varieties?
Answer: Darwin
Question: What do some historians think made Wallace's concept of natural selection different from Darwin's?
Answer: Some historians have suggested that Wallace was actually discussing group selection rather than selection acting on individual variation. |
Context: French historians traditionally place the Enlightenment between 1715, the year that Louis XIV died, and 1789, the beginning of the French Revolution. Some recent historians begin the period in the 1620s, with the start of the scientific revolution. The Philosophes, the French term for the philosophers of the period, widely circulated their ideas through meetings at scientific academies, Masonic lodges, literary salons and coffee houses, and through printed books and pamphlets. The ideas of the Enlightenment undermined the authority of the monarchy and the church, and paved the way for the revolutions of the 18th and 19th centuries. A variety of 19th-century movements, including liberalism and neo-classicism, trace their intellectual heritage back to the Enlightenment.
Question: In what year did Louis XIV die?
Answer: 1715
Question: In what year did the French Revolution begin?
Answer: 1789
Question: In what decade did the scientific revolution begin?
Answer: 1620s |
Context: As a young child, Bell, like his brothers, received his early schooling at home from his father. At an early age, however, he was enrolled at the Royal High School, Edinburgh, Scotland, which he left at age 15, completing only the first four forms. His school record was undistinguished, marked by absenteeism and lacklustre grades. His main interest remained in the sciences, especially biology, while he treated other school subjects with indifference, to the dismay of his demanding father. Upon leaving school, Bell travelled to London to live with his grandfather, Alexander Bell. During the year he spent with his grandfather, a love of learning was born, with long hours spent in serious discussion and study. The elder Bell took great efforts to have his young pupil learn to speak clearly and with conviction, the attributes that his pupil would need to become a teacher himself. At age 16, Bell secured a position as a "pupil-teacher" of elocution and music, in Weston House Academy, at Elgin, Moray, Scotland. Although he was enrolled as a student in Latin and Greek, he instructed classes himself in return for board and £10 per session. The following year, he attended the University of Edinburgh; joining his older brother Melville who had enrolled there the previous year. In 1868, not long before he departed for Canada with his family, Bell completed his matriculation exams and was accepted for admission to the University of London.
Question: Who taught Bell when he was very young?
Answer: father
Question: What school did Bell leave at 15?
Answer: Royal High School
Question: What was Bell's favorite subject?
Answer: biology
Question: How old was Bell when he became a "pupil-teacher"?
Answer: 16 |
Context: The England national football team represents England and the Crown Dependencies of Jersey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man for football matches as part of FIFA-authorised events, and is controlled by The Football Association, the governing body for football in England. England are one of the two oldest national teams in football; alongside Scotland, whom they played in the world's first international football match in 1872. England's home ground is Wembley Stadium, London, and the current team manager is Roy Hodgson.
Question: Which governing body controls the England national football team?
Answer: The Football Association
Question: Which other team, besides England, is one of the two oldest national teams in football?
Answer: Scotland
Question: In what year did England and Scotland play the world's first international football match?
Answer: 1872
Question: What is the name of England's home field in London?
Answer: Wembley Stadium
Question: Who is the current team manager of England's football team?
Answer: Roy Hodgson
Question: When was FIFA founded?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where does the Isle of Man football team play home games?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is the Isle of Man football team manager?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where is Roy Hodgson from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did Roy Hodgson become the team manager of England's football team?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The first step toward Indian self-rule was the appointment of councillors to advise the British viceroy in 1861 and the first Indian was appointed in 1909. Provincial Councils with Indian members were also set up. The councillors' participation was subsequently widened into legislative councils. The British built a large British Indian Army, with the senior officers all British and many of the troops from small minority groups such as Gurkhas from Nepal and Sikhs. The civil service was increasingly filled with natives at the lower levels, with the British holding the more senior positions.
Question: What appointments were the first step in Indian self-rule?
Answer: councillors
Question: When was the first Indian appointed as a Councillor?
Answer: 1909
Question: What more local councils were set up?
Answer: Provincial Councils
Question: Of what nationality were the officers in the Indian Army?
Answer: British
Question: What were the troops in the British Indian Army?
Answer: minority groups |
Context: Service trials demonstrated another problem however: that ranging and tracking the new high-speed targets was almost impossible. At short range, the apparent target area is relatively large, the trajectory is flat and the time of flight is short, allowing to correct lead by watching the tracers. At long range, the aircraft remains in firing range for a long time, so the necessary calculations can in theory be done by slide rules - though, because small errors in distance cause large errors in shell fall height and detonation time, exact ranging is crucial. For the ranges and speeds that the Bofors worked at, neither answer was good enough.
Question: What was shown to be practically not possible during service trials?
Answer: ranging and tracking the new high-speed targets
Question: Target area is relatively large at what range?
Answer: short range
Question: How was target lead watched at short range?
Answer: by watching the tracers
Question: At long range what, in theory, could be used to set ranging calculations?
Answer: slide rules
Question: What small errors caused large errors in shell fall height and the time until exploding?
Answer: small errors in distance |
Context: The slowing sales growth has been attributed to the maturing PC market, which constituted 66% of Dell's sales, and analysts suggested that Dell needed to make inroads into non-PC businesses segments such as storage, services and servers. Dell's price advantage was tied to its ultra-lean manufacturing for desktop PCs, but this became less important as savings became harder to find inside the company's supply chain, and as competitors such as Hewlett-Packard and Acer made their PC manufacturing operations more efficient to match Dell, weakening Dell's traditional price differentiation. Throughout the entire PC industry, declines in prices along with commensurate increases in performance meant that Dell had fewer opportunities to upsell to their customers (a lucrative strategy of encouraging buyers to upgrade the processor or memory). As a result, the company was selling a greater proportion of inexpensive PCs than before, which eroded profit margins. The laptop segment had become the fastest-growing of the PC market, but Dell produced low-cost notebooks in China like other PC manufacturers which eliminated Dell's manufacturing cost advantages, plus Dell's reliance on Internet sales meant that it missed out on growing notebook sales in big box stores. CNET has suggested that Dell was getting trapped in the increasing commoditization of high volume low margin computers, which prevented it from offering more exciting devices that consumers demanded.
Question: What market made up the majority of Dell's sales?
Answer: PC
Question: What advantage did Dell hold in the PC market?
Answer: price
Question: What operation did Hewlett Packard and Acer make more efficient to compete with Dell?
Answer: manufacturing
Question: Where did Dell miss out on sales due to relying on the internet?
Answer: big box stores
Question: What company stated that Dell was preventing itself from innovating?
Answer: CNET
Question: What market made up the minority of Dell's sales?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What disadvantage did Dell hold in the PC market?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What operation did Hewlett Packard and Acer make more inefficient to compete with Dell?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where didn't Dell miss out on sales due to relying on the internet?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What company stated that IBM was preventing itself from innovating?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: GE has said that it will invest $1.4 billion in clean technology research and development in 2008 as part of its Ecomagination initiative. As of October 2008, the scheme had resulted in 70 green products being brought to market, ranging from halogen lamps to biogas engines. In 2007, GE raised the annual revenue target for its Ecomagination initiative from $20 billion in 2010 to $25 billion following positive market response to its new product lines. In 2010, GE continued to raise its investment by adding $10 billion into Ecomagination over the next five years.
Question: How much money has GE said it will invest in 2008 for clean technology R&D?
Answer: $1.4 billion
Question: How many green products did GE bring to market via its Ecoimagination program as of October 2008?
Answer: 70
Question: What was GE's new revenue target for its Ecoimagination program in 2010?
Answer: $25 billion
Question: What type of lamp was introduced by GE as part of its Ecoimagination initiative?
Answer: halogen
Question: What type of engine did GE bring to market as part of its Ecoimagination project?
Answer: biogas
Question: In what year was the Ecomagination initiative introduced by GE?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much did GE spend on its Ecomagination initiative in 2009?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many green products did GE bring onto the market in 2009?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What were the number of green products released onto the market by GE in 2010?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much did GE invest in it Ecomagination initiative in 2016?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The MoD states that its principal objectives are to defend the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and its interests and to strengthen international peace and stability. With the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War, the MoD does not foresee any short-term conventional military threat; rather, it has identified weapons of mass destruction, international terrorism, and failed and failing states as the overriding threats to Britain's interests. The MoD also manages day-to-day running of the armed forces, contingency planning and defence procurement.
Question: What does the MoD wish to strengthen?
Answer: international peace and stability
Question: The UK consists of what two areas?
Answer: Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Question: What does the MoD defend?
Answer: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Question: What are the threats that the MoD has identified?
Answer: weapons of mass destruction, international terrorism, and failed and failing states
Question: What does the MoD manage?
Answer: day-to-day running of the armed forces, contingency planning and defence procurement
Question: What is strengthened in the Soviet Union after the Cold War?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does Northern Ireland see as far as short term threats?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has Northern Ireland found are threats to international peace and stability?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What needs to be managed daily by Northern Ireland?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is one thing that the Soviet Union wants to defend?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Up until the middle of the 1980s it was assumed that infants could not encode, retain, and retrieve information. A growing body of research now indicates that infants as young as 6-months can recall information after a 24-hour delay. Furthermore, research has revealed that as infants grow older they can store information for longer periods of time; 6-month-olds can recall information after a 24-hour period, 9-month-olds after up to five weeks, and 20-month-olds after as long as twelve months. In addition, studies have shown that with age, infants can store information faster. Whereas 14-month-olds can recall a three-step sequence after being exposed to it once, 6-month-olds need approximately six exposures in order to be able to remember it.
Question: In 1960 did people believe an infant was able to remember things?
Answer: Up until the middle of the 1980s it was assumed that infants could not encode, retain, and retrieve information.
Question: What is the minimum age researchers think a child begins to have memory?
Answer: . A growing body of research now indicates that infants as young as 6-months can recall information
Question: Does a persons memory capacity increase with age?
Answer: Furthermore, research has revealed that as infants grow older they can store information for longer periods of time
Question: Who has a better memory retention a 6 month old or a 9 month old?
Answer: 9-month-olds
Question: What was assumed until the middle of the 1960s?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Research indicates that 6 month olds can recall what after a 48 hour delay?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: 6-month-olds need approximately five exposures in order to be able to do what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has shown that with age, infants can store information slower
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: as infants grow older they can store what for shorter periods of time?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Seen in its wider social context, Greek Revival architecture sounded a new note of sobriety and restraint in public buildings in Britain around 1800 as an assertion of nationalism attendant on the Act of Union, the Napoleonic Wars, and the clamour for political reform. It was to be William Wilkins's winning design for the public competition for Downing College, Cambridge that announced the Greek style was to be the dominant idiom in architecture. Wilkins and Robert Smirke went on to build some of the most important buildings of the era, including the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden (1808–09), the General Post Office (1824–29) and the British Museum (1823–48), Wilkins University College London (1826–30) and the National Gallery (1832–38). In Scotland, Thomas Hamilton (1784–1858), in collaboration with the artists Andrew Wilson (1780–1848) and Hugh William Williams (1773–1829) created monuments and buildings of international significance; the Burns Monument at Alloway (1818) and the (Royal) High School in Edinburgh (1823–29).
Question: Whose winning design for public competition began the dominance of Greek style architecture?
Answer: William Wilkins
Question: What monument was created in 1818?
Answer: Burns Monument at Alloway
Question: When was the General Post Office built?
Answer: 1824–29
Question: In what year was the British Museum built?
Answer: 1823–48
Question: When was the National Gallery constructed?
Answer: 1832–38
Question: What do Greek revival and in architecture?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The design of what college marked the end of Greek revival?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What monument was built in 1823?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What high school was built in 1818?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Bell family home was in Cambridge, Massachusetts, until 1880 when Bell's father-in-law bought a house in Washington, D.C., and later in 1882 bought a home in the same city for Bell's family, so that they could be with him while he attended to the numerous court cases involving patent disputes.
Question: In what year did Mabel's father move to Washington D.C.?
Answer: 1880
Question: In what year did Bell acquire a house in D.C.?
Answer: 1882
Question: Where did Bell and Mabel live before 1880?
Answer: Cambridge, Massachusetts
Question: What did Bell have to go to court for in D.C.?
Answer: patent disputes |
Context: Superscalar computers may contain multiple ALUs, allowing them to process several instructions simultaneously. Graphics processors and computers with SIMD and MIMD features often contain ALUs that can perform arithmetic on vectors and matrices.
Question: Computers that have multiple ALUs are called what?
Answer: Superscalar |
Context: Like Finnish and Hungarian, Estonian is a somewhat agglutinative language, but unlike them, it has lost vowel harmony, the front vowels occurring exclusively on the first or stressed syllable, although in older texts the vowel harmony can still be recognized. Furthermore, the apocope of word-final sounds is extensive and has contributed to a shift from a purely agglutinative to a fusional language.[citation needed] The basic word order is subject–verb–object.
Question: What kind of harmony has Estonian lost?
Answer: vowel
Question: What language feature does Estonian, Finish and Hungarian share?
Answer: agglutinative
Question: In what order are words put in sentences in the Estonian language?
Answer: subject–verb–object
Question: What kind of harmony has Estonian not lost?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What language features do Estonian, Finish and Hungarian differ?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what order are words put in sentences in the Finnish language?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what order are words put in sentences in the Hungarian language?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What made it shift from a fusional language to an agglutinative one?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Brigham Young University (often referred to as BYU or, colloquially, The Y) is a private research university located in Provo, Utah, United States. It is owned and operated by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), and, excluding online students, is the largest of any religious university and the third largest private university in the United States, with 29,672 on-campus students. Approximately 99 percent of the students are members of the LDS Church, and one-third of its US students are from Utah.
Question: How many students attend BYU on campus?
Answer: 29,672
Question: How many of the students are also members of the Latter Day Saints Church?
Answer: 99 percent
Question: What portion of students are native Utah residents?
Answer: one-third
Question: Where is Brigham Young University?
Answer: Provo, Utah
Question: How many students currently attend BYU on-campus?
Answer: 29,672
Question: Where is BYU's main campus?
Answer: Provo, Utah
Question: What is BYU's ranking among private universities?
Answer: third
Question: How many of BYU's students are native Utah residents?
Answer: one-third
Question: What percentage of BYU students are from Utah?
Answer: one-third
Question: What percentage of BYU students are members of the LDS Church?
Answer: Approximately 99 percent
Question: How is BYU's size ranked among all private university's in the U.S.?
Answer: the third largest
Question: What does LDS stand for?
Answer: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Question: Who owns and operates Brigham University?
Answer: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Question: What university is known as BUY?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What church is abbreviated LSD?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does BYU have 29,762 of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the largest private university in the United States?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the third largest religious university in the United States?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 1983 the historic old town in the centre of Bern became a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Bern is ranked among the world’s top ten cities for the best quality of life (2010).
Question: Where is the UNESCO World Heritage Site?
Answer: centre of Bern
Question: Where does Bern rank for top cities for the best quality of life?
Answer: top ten
Question: When did the centre of Bern become the UNESCO World Heritage Site?
Answer: 1983 |
Context: General Ridgway was appointed Supreme Commander, Korea; he regrouped the UN forces for successful counterattacks, while General James Van Fleet assumed command of the U.S. Eighth Army. Further attacks slowly depleted the PVA and KPA forces; Operations Courageous (23–28 March 1951) and Tomahawk (23 March 1951) were a joint ground and airborne infilltration meant to trap Chinese forces between Kaesong and Seoul. UN forces advanced to "Line Kansas", north of the 38th parallel. The 187th Airborne Regimental Combat Team's ("Rakkasans") second of two combat jumps was on Easter Sunday, 1951, at Munsan-ni, South Korea, codenamed Operation Tomahawk. The mission was to get behind Chinese forces and block their movement north. The 60th Indian Parachute Field Ambulance provided the medical cover for the operations, dropping an ADS and a surgical team and treating over 400 battle casualties apart from the civilian casualties that formed the core of their objective as the unit was on a humanitarian mission.
Question: Who was appointed Supreme Commander in Korea after the removal of General MacArthur?
Answer: General Ridgway
Question: What was the goal of Operation Tomahawk?
Answer: get behind Chinese forces and block their movement north
Question: Who was responsible for supply humanitarian aid to civilians?
Answer: The 60th Indian Parachute Field Ambulance
Question: Under the guidance of Generals Van Fleet and Ridgway, joint forces were able to achieve what goal?
Answer: depleted the PVA and KPA forces |
Context: Another family of bowlback mandolins came from Milan and Lombardy. These mandolins are closer to the mandolino or mandore than other modern mandolins. They are shorter and wider than the standard Neapolitan mandolin, with a shallow back. The instruments have 6 strings, 3 wire treble-strings and 3 gut or wire-wrapped-silk bass-strings. The strings ran between the tuning pegs and a bridge that was glued to the soundboard, as a guitar's. The Lombardic mandolins were tuned g b e' a' d" g". A developer of the Milanese stye was Antonio Monzino (Milan) and his family who made them for 6 generations.
Question: Where did the Lombardic family of bowlback mandolins come from?
Answer: Milan and Lombardy
Question: What do the Lombardic mandolins resemble more than modern mandolins?
Answer: mandolino or mandore
Question: What differences do the Lombardic mandolins have from the Neapolitan mandolin?
Answer: They are shorter and wider
Question: How many strings do the Lombardic mandolins have?
Answer: 6 strings
Question: Who was the developer of the Milanese mandolin?
Answer: Antonio Monzino
Question: Where did the Lombardic family of bowlback mandolins leave from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do the Lombardic mandolins resemble more than ancient mandolins?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What differences do the Lombardic mandolins have from the ancient mandolin?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many bows do the Lombardic mandolins have?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was the developer of the Chinese mandolin?
Answer: Unanswerable |
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