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= = Production = =
Mega Mendoeng was directed by Boen Kin Nam for Union Films , a production house based out of Batavia ( now Jakarta ) which was run by Tjoa Ma Tjoen and financed by Ang Hock Liem . A sound technician by training , Mega Mendoeng was Boen 's only full directorial credit . Liem served as producer . The film was announced in September 1941 and produced concurrently with Soeara Berbisa ( Venomous Voice ) , a film on which Boen acted as assistant director . Mega Mendoeng was completed by December 1941 , after Soeara Berbisa .
The black @-@ and @-@ white film starred Rd Soekarno , Oedjang , Boen Sofiati , and Soehaena ; it also featured Ratna Djoewita , <unk> , <unk> <unk> , and Moesa . Oedjang had acted for Union since its first film , Kedok Ketawa ( The Laughing Mask ; 1940 ) , while Soekarno and Soehaena had made their debuts in Soeara Berbisa . Sofiati , a stage actress who operated her own troupe , was a newcomer to cinema . This cast was of various socio @-@ economic backgrounds , including noblemen and stage actors . Although Union stated that the film was made along realist lines and aimed at educated viewers , owing to the inclusion of stage actors – people who usually entertained lower class audiences – the Indonesian film historian Misbach Yusa Biran suggests that this was untrue .
= = Release and legacy = =
Mega Mendoeng was released in early 1942 , the seventh and final film completed by Union . With a Japanese invasion looming , the February 1942 edition of the film magazine Pertjatoeran Doenia dan Film reported that several studios would move away from the colonial capital of Batavia or go on a production hiatus . Union , though already beginning production of a film set in the Majapahit era titled Damar <unk> , was forced to close shop ; it never reopened . Soekarno returned to the film industry in the 1950s and was active until the 1970s , mostly credited as Rendra Karno .
Mega Mendoeng was screened as late as July 1942 , but may now be lost . Movies in the Indies were recorded on highly flammable nitrate film , and after a fire destroyed much of Produksi Film Negara 's warehouse in 1952 , old films shot on nitrate were deliberately destroyed . As such , the American visual anthropologist Karl G. Heider suggests that all Indonesian films from before 1950 are lost . However , J.B. Kristanto 's Katalog Film Indonesia records several as having survived at Sinematek Indonesia 's archives , and Biran writes that several Japanese propaganda films have survived at the Netherlands Government Information Service .
= = Explanatory notes = =
= Taylor v. Beckham =
Taylor v. Beckham , 178 U.S. 548 ( 1900 ) , was a case heard before the Supreme Court of the United States on April 30 and May 1 , 1900 , to decide the outcome of the disputed Kentucky gubernatorial election of 1899 . The litigants were Republican gubernatorial candidate William S. Taylor and Democratic lieutenant gubernatorial candidate J. C. W. Beckham . In the November 7 , 1899 , election , Taylor received 193 @,@ 714 votes to Democrat William Goebel 's 191 @,@ 331 . This result was certified by a 2 – 1 decision of the state 's Board of Elections . Goebel challenged the election results on the basis of alleged voting irregularities , and the Democrat @-@ controlled Kentucky General Assembly formed a committee to investigate Goebel 's claims . Goebel was shot on January 30 , 1900 , one day before the General Assembly approved the committee 's report declaring enough Taylor votes invalid to swing the election to Goebel . As he lay dying of his wounds , Goebel was sworn into office on January 31 , 1900 . He died on February 3 , 1900 , and Beckham ascended to the governorship .
Claiming the General Assembly 's decision was invalid , Taylor sued to prevent Beckham from exercising the authority of the governor 's office . Beckham countersued Taylor for possession of the state capitol and governor 's mansion . The suits were consolidated and heard in Jefferson County circuit court , which claimed it had no authority to interfere with the method of deciding contested elections prescribed by the state constitution , an outcome that favored Beckham . The Kentucky Court of Appeals upheld the circuit court 's decision on appeal and rejected Taylor 's claim that he had been deprived of property without due process by stating that an elective office was not property and thus not protected by the Fourteenth Amendment .
The injection of Taylor 's claim under the Fourteenth Amendment gave him grounds to appeal the decision to the U.S. Supreme Court . In a majority opinion delivered by Chief Justice Melville Fuller , the Supreme Court also rejected Taylor 's claim to loss of property without due process and thus refused to intervene on Taylor 's behalf , claiming that no federal issues were in question and the court lacked jurisdiction . Justices Gray , White , Shiras , and Peckham concurred with the majority opinion . Justice Joseph McKenna concurred with the decision to dismiss , but expressed reservations about the determination that an elected office was not property . Justice David J. Brewer , joined by Justice Henry B. Brown , contended that the Supreme Court did have jurisdiction , but concurred with the result in favor of Beckham . Kentuckian John Marshall Harlan authored the lone dissent from the majority opinion , claiming that the court did have jurisdiction and should have found in favor of Taylor based on his claim of loss of property without due process . He further argued that elective office fell under the definition of " liberty " as used in the Fourteenth Amendment and was protected by due process .
= = Background = =
= = = History = = =
In 1898 , the Kentucky General Assembly enacted a law which created a Board of Election Commissioners , appointed by the General Assembly , who were responsible for choosing election commissioners in all of Kentucky 's counties . The Board was empowered to examine election returns and certify the results . The power to decide the outcome of disputed elections remained with the General Assembly under Section 153 of the state constitution . The law was commonly referred to as the Goebel Election Law , a reference to its sponsor , President Pro Tempore of the Kentucky Senate William Goebel . Because the General Assembly was heavily Democratic and Goebel was considered a likely Democratic aspirant for the governorship in the 1899 election , the law was attacked as blatantly partisan and self @-@ serving . Republicans organized a test case against the law , but the Kentucky Court of Appeals upheld it as constitutional .
Goebel secured the Democratic nomination for governor at a contentious nominating convention . Despite the nominations of two minor party candidates – including that of former governor John Y. Brown by a dissident faction of Democrats – the race centered on Goebel and his Republican opponent , Attorney General William S. Taylor . The results of the election were too close to call for several days . Before the official results could be announced , charges of voting irregularities began . In Nelson County , 1 @,@ 200 ballots listed the Republican candidate as " W. P. Taylor " instead of " W. S. Taylor " ; Democrats claimed these votes should be invalidated . In Knox and Johnson counties , voters complained of " thin tissue ballots " that allowed the voter 's choices to be seen through them . In the city of Louisville , Democrats charged that the militia had intimidated voters there and that the entire city 's vote should be invalidated .
When the official tally was announced , Taylor had won by a vote of 193 @,@ 714 to 191 @,@ 331 . Though the Board of Elections was thought to be controlled by Goebel allies , it voted 2 – 1 to certify the announced vote tally . The Board 's majority opinion claimed that they did not have any judicial power and were thus unable to hear proof or swear witnesses . Taylor was inaugurated on December 12 , 1899 . Goebel announced his decision to contest the Board 's decision to the General Assembly . The Assembly appointed a committee to investigate the allegations contained in the challenges . The members of the committee were drawn at random , though the drawing was likely rigged – only one Republican joined ten Democrats on the committee . ( Chance dictated that the committee should have contained four or five Republicans . ) Among the rules the General Assembly adopted for the contest committee were : that the committee report at the pleasure of the General Assembly , that debate be limited once the findings were presented , and that the report be voted on in a joint session of the Assembly . The rules further provided that the speaker of the House preside over the joint session instead of the lieutenant governor , as was customary . The Republican minority fought the provisions , but the Democratic majority passed them despite the opposition .
Republicans around the state expected the committee to recommend disqualification of enough ballots to make Goebel governor . Armed men from heavily Republican eastern Kentucky filled the capital . On the morning of January 30 , 1900 , as Goebel and two friends walked toward the capitol building , shots were fired , and Goebel fell wounded . After being denied entrance to the state capitol by armed men , the contest committee met in Frankfort 's city hall and , by a strict party @-@ line vote , adopted a majority report that claimed Goebel and Beckham had received the most legitimate votes and should be installed in their respective offices . When Democratic legislators attempted to convene to approve the committee 's report , they found the doors to the state capitol and other public locations in Frankfort blocked by armed citizens . On January 31 , 1900 , they convened secretly in a Frankfort hotel , with no Republicans present , and voted to certify the findings of the contest committee , invalidating enough votes to make Goebel governor . Still lying on his sick bed , Goebel took the oath of office .
Goebel died of his wounds on February 3 , 1900 . Leaders from both parties drafted an agreement whereby Taylor and his Lieutenant Governor , John Marshall , would step down from their respective offices , allowing Goebel 's lieutenant governor , J. C. W. Beckham , to assume the governorship ; in exchange , Taylor and Marshall would receive immunity from prosecution in any actions they may have taken with regard to Goebel 's assassination . The militia would withdraw from Frankfort , and the Goebel Election Law would be repealed and replaced with a fairer election law . Despite his allies ' insistence , Taylor refused to sign the agreement .
= = = Lower court decisions = = =
As negotiations for a peaceful resolution of the elections for governor and lieutenant governor were ongoing , the Republican candidates for the state 's minor offices filed suit in federal court in Cincinnati , Ohio , to prevent their removal from office . The case could have been filed in the federal court at Louisville , Kentucky , but Judge Walter Evans asked to be excused from adjudicating the case . The Republican officers , represented by ex @-@ Governor William O 'Connell Bradley and future governor Augustus E. Willson among others , argued that the Goebel Election Law deprived citizens of their right to vote . The right to vote , they claimed , was inherent in the Fourteenth Amendment 's guarantee of " liberty " , and could not be taken from any citizen without due process .
The case was argued before Judge ( and later President ) William Howard Taft , who held that the federal court could not prevent the removal of officers by injunction . He advised the Republicans to seek remedy quo warranto in the state courts . Taft further opined that , should any federal question be raised in such proceedings , the officers could seek remedy in a federal court on appeal . The Republicans were encouraged by Taft 's decision , which cleared the way for an appeal all the way to the federal Supreme Court if a federal question could be raised .
The Republican minor officeholders returned to the state courts with their case . Franklin County circuit court justice James E. Cantrill ruled against them , and the Kentucky Court of Appeals , then the state 's court of last resort , sustained Cantrill 's ruling by a vote of 4 – 3 . Republican Attorney General Clifton J. Pratt continued with legal challenges and finally was allowed to serve out his term . Though Cantrill 's decision was based on the invalidation of Louisville 's vote and the votes of four counties in eastern Kentucky , none of the legislators from those areas were unseated .
Taft 's ruling had no bearing on the cases of Governor Taylor and Lieutenant Governor Marshall except to spell out a means for them to take their cases to the federal courts , if necessary . On the same day that Taft 's ruling was issued , Taylor filed suit in Jefferson County circuit court against Beckham and Adjutant General John Breckinridge Castleman to prevent them from exercising any authority due the offices they claimed . Unaware of Taylor 's suit , Beckham filed suit against Taylor for possession of the capitol and executive building in Franklin County circuit court – a court believed to be favorable to the Democratic cause . Marshall also filed suit against Beckham and state senator L. H. Carter to prevent them from exercising any authority in the state senate , where the lieutenant governor was the presiding officer .
Republicans claimed that Taylor 's suit , by virtue of having been filed two hours before Beckham 's , gave the case precedence in Louisville . By mutual consent , the parties consolidated the suits , which were heard before Judge Emmet Field in Jefferson County circuit court . Both sides knew that Field 's decision , whatever it might be , would be appealed , but both agreed to abide by the outcome of the final court 's decision . The case was heard on March 1 and 2 , 1900 . Taylor 's attorney 's contended that the General Assembly had acted in a quasi @-@ judicial manner , violating the principle of separation of powers . Further , because the contest committee 's report did not specify how many votes were invalid , Republicans argued that all 150 @,@ 000 votes cast in the contested counties had been invalidated by the General Assembly 's vote , and consequently , the voters of those counties had been illegally disenfranchised . The most the Assembly should have been able to do , they claimed , was to invalidate the entire election . Finally , they contended that the alleged illegal activities of the General Assembly had deprived Taylor and Marshall of their property rights – the " property " in question being the offices they claimed – and their liberty to hold an elected office . Attorneys for Beckham contended that legislative actions historically had not been subject to judicial review , and indeed were not subject to such under any provision of the state constitution .
On March 10 , 1900 , Field sided with the Democrats . In his ruling , he opined that legislative actions " must be taken as absolute " and that the court did not have the authority to circumvent the legislative record . Republicans appealed the decision to the Kentucky Court of Appeals . In their appeal , they were careful to raise a federal issue . If Judge Field 's ruling was correct , and the Board of Elections , the General Assembly , or both had the right under the state constitution to an absolute review of all elections , then the Assembly had been given absolute arbitrary power over elections , in conflict with the federal constitution .
On April 6 , 1900 , the Court of Appeals upheld Judge Field 's decision by a vote of 6 – 1 . The majority opinion held that an elected office is not property and thus not subject to the protections guaranteed in the Fourteenth Amendment . As a creation of the Kentucky Constitution , the court held , any elective office is conferred and held only subject to the provisions of that constitution . This put the matter beyond the reach of any judicial review , according to the court .
The four Democratic judges concurred on the majority opinion . Two Republican judges , in a separate opinion , concurred with the majority opinion , but declared that Taylor and Marshall had been done an irreparable injustice . The lone dissent , authored by the court 's third Republican , held that the contest board had acted outside its legal authority . Republicans turned to the Supreme Court of the United States as their final option .
= = Supreme Court = =
Louisville attorney Helm Bruce opened the Republicans ' case before the Supreme Court on April 1 , 1900 . He maintained that , after Taylor 's election had been certified by the Board of Elections , he was legally the governor of Kentucky , and the attempt by the legislature to oust him from office amounted to an arbitrary and despotic use of power , not a due process , as the federal constitution required . In addressing the complaints upon which the dismissal of ballots was justified – namely , the intimidation of voters in Jefferson County by the state militia and the use of " thin ballots " in forty Kentucky counties – Bruce maintained that even if the allegations were true , both were the fault of the state , not Taylor and Marshall , and were not sufficient grounds upon which to deny them their right to the offices they claimed .
Bruce was followed by Lawrence N. Maxwell , counsel for Beckham . Maxwell reiterated that the General Assembly had acted within its enumerated powers under the state constitution in deciding the outcome of the disputed election . He claimed that the decision of the state court of appeals made it clear that Taylor had not been legally elected governor , and therefore never possessed the property he was now claiming had been taken from him without due process . Maxwell further asserted that this disposed of any federal questions with regard to the case , and that the Supreme Court could claim no jurisdiction . The decision of the state court of appeals should be allowed to stand , he concluded . Lewis McQuown further argued on behalf of Beckham that , even if Taylor 's claim to the governorship were legitimate , the investigation and decision by the General Assembly 's contest committee represented sufficient due process . He acknowledged that the Goebel Election Law 's provision that the legislature be the arbiter of any contested gubernatorial election differed little if at all from provisions in as many as twenty other states . If the Goebel Election Law was constitutional , as it had before been declared , then the Supreme Court had no jurisdiction regarding how it had been administered .
When Maxwell concluded his argument , ex @-@ Governor Bradley spoke on Taylor 's behalf . After reiterating Taylor 's legal claim to the office of governor , he answered the question of jurisdiction by citing Thayer v. Boyd , a similar case in which the court had assumed jurisdiction . He further quoted authorities who opined that an elected office was property , using this to contend that Taylor 's rights under the Fourteenth Amendment had been violated , thus giving the court jurisdiction . Also , Bradley asserted , the election of some members of the Assembly 's contest committee would hinge on the decision of that very committee . At least one member of the committee was known to have wagered on the election 's outcome . These facts should have nullified the decision of the committee and the Assembly on the grounds that it had left some members as judges of their own cases . Finally , Bradley cited irregularities in the proceedings of the contest committee , including insufficient time given for the review of testimony provided in written form by Taylor and Marshall 's legal representation . Following Bradley 's argument , the court recessed until May 14 , 1900 .
= = = Opinion of the Court = = =
Chief Justice Melville Fuller delivered the opinion of the court on May 21 , 1900 . This opinion held that there were no federal issues in question in the case , and that the court lacked jurisdiction . The opinion affirmed the state court of appeals ' assertion that an elective office was not property . Justices Gray , White , Shiras , and Peckham concurred with the majority opinion .
In his 1910 book , The Constitutional Law of the United States , <unk> W. Willoughby noted that the court 's ruling that an elective office was not property was at odds with previous decisions in which it had assumed jurisdiction in cases between two contestants for an office to determine if due process was granted . By assuming jurisdiction in these cases , Willoughby claimed , the court had given elective offices standing as property . Accordingly , Justice Joseph McKenna issued a separate concurring opinion in which he stated : " I agree fully with those decisions which are referred to [ in the majority opinion ] , and which hold that as between the State and the office holder there is no contract right either to the term of office or to the amount of salary , and that the legislature may , if not restrained by constitutional provisions , abolish the office or reduce the salary . But when the office is not disturbed , when the salary is not changed , and when , under the Constitution of the State , neither can be by the legislature , and the question is simply whether one shall be deprived of that office and its salary , and both given to another , a different question is presented , and in such a case to hold that the incumbent has no property in the office , with its accompanying salary , does not commend itself to my judgment . "
= = = Dissent of Justice Brewer = = =
Justice David J. Brewer issued a dissent stating that he believed that due process had been observed and that the majority opinion should have affirmed the lower court rulings rather than dismissing the case . In his opinion , Brewer stated : " [ A ] s I understand the law , this court has jurisdiction to review a judgment of the highest court of a State ousting one from his office and giving it to another , and a right to inquire whether that judgment is right or wrong in respect to any federal question such as due process of law , I think the writ of error should not be dismissed , but that the judgment of the Court of Appeals of Kentucky should be affirmed . " Justice Henry B. Brown concurred with Brewer .
= = = Dissent of Justice Harlan = = =
The only dissent came from Kentuckian John Marshall Harlan . Harlan opined that not only did the court have jurisdiction , it should have sustained the writ of error on the grounds that the General Assembly 's actions had deprived Taylor and Marshall of property without due process , in violation of the Fourteenth Amendment . Going beyond the claim that an elective office is property , Harlan wrote that the right to hold office fell within the definition of " liberty " as used in the Fourteenth Amendment . Justifying this claim , Harlan wrote : " What more directly involves the liberty of the citizen than to be able to enter upon the discharge of the duties of an office to which he has been lawfully elected by his fellow citizens ? "
Whereas the majority opinion wholly ignored the proceedings of the General Assembly as irrelevant ( the court lacking jurisdiction ) and Brewer and Brown affirmed them , Harlan excoriated the legislature in his dissent . " Looking into the record before us , I find such action taken by the body claiming to be organized as the lawful legislature of Kentucky as was discreditable in the last degree and unworthy of the free people whom it professed to represent . ... Those who composed that body seemed to have shut their eyes against the proof for fear that it would compel them to respect the popular will as expressed at the polls . " He also expressed disbelief at the majority opinion : " [ T ] he overturning of the public will , as expressed at the ballot box , without evidence or against evidence , in order to accomplish partisan ends , is a crime against free government , and deserves the execration of all lovers of liberty . ... I cannot believe that the judiciary is helpless in the presence of such a crime . "
= = Subsequent developments = =
Taylor v. Beckham established as a judicial principle that public offices are mere agencies or trusts , and not property protected by the Fourteenth Amendment . The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit in 2005 stated that the Supreme Court subsequently had adopted a more expansive approach to identifying " property " within the meaning of the Fourteenth Amendment , but that it is the Supreme Court 's prerogative alone to overrule one of its precedents .
= Bart Stops to Smell the Roosevelts =
" Bart Stops to Smell the Roosevelts " is the second episode of the twenty @-@ third season of the American animated sitcom The Simpsons . It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on October 2 , 2011 . The episode was the first to feature Superintendent Chalmers as the central character and Chalmers ' flashbacks references the films The Breakfast Club and Fight Club . In the episode , Principal Skinner challenges Superintendent Chalmers to take over Bart 's education after one of his pranks . Chalmers accepts and starts teaching Bart about Theodore Roosevelt and manliness . After he takes Bart and his friends on an unauthorized field trip which results in one of the children breaking an arm , Chalmers is fired . Bart and his friends then take over the school in an effort to save his job .
The episode was written by Tim Long , directed by Steven Dean Moore , and features the voice of Theodore Roosevelt through archive recordings . The opening sequence was guest directed by Canadian animator John Kricfalusi , who previously created the animated television show , The Ren & Stimpy Show . In its original American broadcast , it was viewed by approximately 6 @.@ 19 million people . The show overall received positive reviews for the story . Special praise was given to the guest directed opening sequence by Kricfalusi .
= = Plot = =
Springfield Elementary School is hosting a fundraiser auction and invites all the families with children in their classes , including the Simpson family . Every item in the auction is sold to an English widow named Edith <unk> , who is bidding over the phone . When the auction is over , Bart reveals that he was the real Mrs. <unk> and that there is no money for the school . Frustrated over Bart 's latest prank and pressured by his supervisor Superintendent Chalmers , Principal Skinner challenges Chalmers to take over Bart 's education . Chalmers accepts and immediately gives Bart his own lesson plan , which primarily consists of former U.S. president Theodore Roosevelt . He makes Bart interested in the subject by talking about Roosevelt 's heroic and rebellious nature . Classmates Milhouse , Nelson , Jimbo , Kearney and Dolph soon join Bart in his education .
With the success of his lessons , Chalmers plans to take them all on a field trip to Springfield Forest , in which Roosevelt left one of his spectacles . The field trip does not go well , however , as Nelson breaks his arm when he tries to reach for the spectacles . Since it was an unauthorized field trip , Nelson 's mother threatens to sue the school for medical expenses , which leads to Chalmers getting fired . In order to save Chalmers ' job , Bart and his friends , who now go by the name " The Brotherhood of the Spectacles " , take over the school in a hostage situation and stand up for the teacher who made a meaningful impact to them . They lock all of the teachers out of the school and demand that Chalmers get reinstated . A SWAT team prepares to storm the school , before Chalmers walks up to convince Bart to stop . Luckily , Chief Wiggum accidentally drops his gun , knee @-@ capping the school representative State Comptroller Atkins , who thereafter agrees to reinstate Chalmers because they can recover the money lost in the previous lawsuit with a new lawsuit against the police department .
= = Production = =
" Bart Stops to Smell the Roosevelts " was written by Tim Long and directed by Steven Dean Moore . The episode features former American President Theodore Roosevelt with the use of archival audio recordings . The use of Roosevelt 's voice was first announced at the San Diego Comic @-@ Con International in San Diego , California , on July 23 , 2011 . Showrunner Al Jean revealed to the press that " we [ the staff ] have actual audio of Roosevelt ( taken from a speech circa 1918 ) in the show . I thought , ' Finally ! We can put a president in the show . ' And a good one too . We 're going to give him a little credit at the end . "
Even though Superintendent Chalmers was first introduced in the season four episode " Whacking Day " , the character had never been a central part to an episode . This episode marks the first time in which the entire episode follows Chalmers . In Chalmers ' flashback from his teaching days , the scene looks like the library of Shermer High School from the film The Breakfast Club from 1985 . The students however refer to the club as Fight Club .
= = = Opening sequence = = =
Canadian animator and creator of The Ren & Stimpy Show , John Kricfalusi , guest animated the couch gag for the episode . This was the second time The Simpsons had chosen a guest director for its opening sequence , following the previous season 's episode " MoneyBART " , which was guest directed by British graffiti artist and political activist Banksy . Previously , Kricfalusi had criticized The Simpsons staff in the show 's early years by saying that " the show succeeded despite the writing " and similarly derogatory comments . The producers responded with the fourth season episode " The Front " ( 1993 ) , in which The Ren & Stimpy Show is nominated for a cartoon award . During the award ceremony , the clip from the nominated episode is merely a black screen with the text " Clip not done yet " , a comment on the slow production time of the show . The show was mentioned again in the season six episode " Another Simpsons Clip Show " ( 1994 ) , when Lisa claims that Ren & Stimpy recycles animation to make new episodes , while referencing Itchy & Scratchy 's habit of doing the same . Despite this , Kricfalusi changed his tone in an interview with Aaron Simpson in 2007 and claimed that The Simpsons made it easier to do more edgy work : " Well it started with Bakshi ’ s Mighty Mouse : The New Adventures and Pee Wee Herman . Those were kid shows , but with layers of perversion in them . Then The Simpsons came along and did edgy material in prime time cartoons . "
After the positive response to the opening sequence by Banksy , creator Matt Groening and Jean came to Kricfalusi and asked him if he could do something similar . Originally , they only wanted him to do the storyboards and then let their regular crew animate it , but Kricfalusi insisted on doing the animation himself , explaining that " If we had done it that way , no one would even have known that I had anything to do with it because it would have ended up on model and all pose to pose " . On The Simpsons , the animators draw key poses and then let <unk> interpolate between those poses . The interpolation however , is a straight a to b animation . That way the animation ends up having the characters just going from pose to pose . Kricfalusi explains that on The Simpsons he " wanted to try moving the characters in crazy fun ways , not just looking funny each time they come to a stop " , and further elaborated " that the way things happened was even more important than what was happening in my work . You can ’ t write visual performance . You have to actually draw it . "
He showed Groening and Jean his Adult Swim shorts and Groening responded by giving him free hands to do the 35 @-@ second @-@ long segment . Groening told him to break all The Simpsons rules , but Kricfalusi explains that he " tried not to break any rules in the characters ’ personalities , just in the execution of the visuals . I didn ’ t follow any models — not even my own " . The more rules he broke , the more pleased Groening and Jean were with the result . Contrary to Banksy , who lives a life in secrecy , Kricfalusi was involved in every detail and even oversaw the dubbing of the final soundtrack . While Kricfalusi animated the 2D parts , he had John Kedzie to help him with the computer graphics and Sarah <unk> and Tommy Tanner to do the assistant animation .
In an interview by Neil Bennett from Digital Arts Magazine , Kricfalusi revealed that he would have taken a different approach to the animation if he were to animate the entire episode . Primarily , the animation would be slower paced than it was in the 35 @-@ second @-@ long segment . The couch gag was done at a faster pace so he was able to include all of his ideas . Kricfalusi explains that " [ if I did a whole episode ] , I would definitely keep on experimenting with the way they move and the acting . I 'm sure I would do of my trademark long scenes of two characters interacting with each other without a cut . I would [ also ] want to do more stuff with Marge . I loved animating her and was inspired by the way the <unk> animated Olive Oyl . I couldn 't animate a whole half hour myself , so I would hire other animators ( and designers , painters , etc . ) with strong styles and cast them according to which parts of the story would best take advantage of their individual talent . "
= = Release = =
The episode originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on October 2 , 2011 . It was watched by approximately 6 @.@ 19 million people during this broadcast . The show received a 3 @.@ 0 Nielsen rating in the demographic for adults aged 18 – 49 , which was a 23 % drop from the season premiere episode , and an eight percent audience share . The Simpsons became the second highest @-@ rated program in Fox 's Animation Domination lineup that night in terms of total viewers and in the 18 – 49 demographic , finishing with a higher rating than The Cleveland Show and American Dad ! , but a lower rating than Family Guy . These three other animated shows were part of a crossover event , called Night of the Hurricane , in which they shared the same storyline . For the week of September 26 – October 2 , 2011 , " Bart Stops to Smell the Roosevelts " tied for 29th place in the ratings among all network prime @-@ time broadcasts in the 18 – 49 demographic .
Since airing , " Bart Stops to Smell the Roosevelts " has been well received by television critics . Hayden Childs of The A.V. Club gave this episode a " B " rating and commented that " The Simpsons episodes that strive to have a little heart without going overboard are generally going to work better than the random @-@ gag episodes , at least at this point in the storied history of The Simpsons , and ' Bart Stops To Smell The Roosevelts ' has enough wee little heart to see this episode through " , but further wrote that " there were a number of jokes that didn 't work , Milhouse 's final scene in particular , but the episode had a steady stream of gags to push through the lean times . And that 's all we can ask for . " Ology 's Josh Harrison was also positive and gave the episode a rating of seven out of ten , while commenting that he " thought this was a definite downgrade from the season premiere in terms of sheer comedic value , but the sincerity of Bart 's educational experience , combined with the enthusiasm of his mad quest for justice , definitely made this one a winner . "
The couch gag for the episode was critically acclaimed by television critics . Amid Amidi of Cartoon Brew called the opening revolutionary and explained that " in 35 short and sweet seconds , he liberates the animation of The Simpsons from years of graphic banality . " He continued : " The visual look of the show , which has been so carefully controlled by its producers , becomes a giddy and unrestrained playground for graphic play , and the balance of creative authority is shifted from the writers ' room to the animators in one fell swoop . " When comparing the segment to Banksy 's , Amidi concluded that it is " in fact , far more subversive because he focuses almost exclusively on making a pictorial statement , relegating the show 's dominant literary elements to the back seat . " Similarly , Television Blend 's Katey Rich wrote that she appreciates " The Simpsons always being willing to push the envelope in different ways " , but admitted that it would take her " some time to get the gangly @-@ legged Marge Simpson and the leering Homer Simpson out of [ her ] brain . "
= SMS Hindenburg =
SMS Hindenburg was a battlecruiser of the German Kaiserliche Marine ( Imperial Navy ) , the third ship of the Derfflinger class , built to a slightly modified design . She carried the same battery of eight 30 @.@ 5 cm ( 12 @.@ 0 in ) guns , but in improved turrets that allowed them to fire further . The ship was also slightly larger and faster than her two sister ships . She was named in honor of Field Marshal Paul von Hindenburg , the victor of the Battle of Tannenberg and the Battle of the Masurian Lakes , as well as Supreme Commander of the German armies from 1916 . The ship was the last capital ship of any type built by the German navy during World War I.