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= = = Objections to specific elements of the film = = =
= = = = Portrayal and descriptions of African @-@ Americans and slavery = = = =
Some commentators have felt that the film 's heavy usage of the word " nigger " is inappropriate , affecting them to an even greater extent than the depicted violence against the slaves . Other reviewers have defended the usage of the language in the historic context of race and slavery in the United States .
Filmmaker Spike Lee , in an interview with Vibe , said he would not see the film , explaining " All I 'm going to say is that it 's disrespectful to my ancestors . That 's just me .... I 'm not speaking on behalf of anybody else . " Lee later wrote , " American slavery was not a Sergio Leone Spaghetti Western . It was a Holocaust . My ancestors are slaves stolen from Africa . I will honor them . " Louis Farrakhan , the leader of the Nation of Islam , interpreted the movie as " preparation for race war . "
Wesley Morris of The Boston Globe compared Samuel L. Jackson 's Stephen character to black Republicans like Clarence Thomas or Herman Cain . Samuel L. Jackson said that he believed his character to have " the same moral compass as Clarence Thomas does . " Jackson defended heavy use of the word " nigger " : " Saying Tarantino said ' nigger ' too many times is like complaining they said ' <unk> ' [ sic ] too many times in a movie about Nazis . "
Marc Lamont Hill , a professor at Columbia University , compared the fugitive ex – Los Angeles police officer Christopher <unk> to a real @-@ life Django , saying " It 's almost like watching ' Django Unchained ' in real life . It 's kind of exciting . " Writing in the Los Angeles Times , journalist Erin Aubry Kaplan noted the difference between Tarantino 's Jackie Brown and Django Unchained : " It is an institution whose horrors need no exaggerating , yet Django does exactly that , either to enlighten or entertain . A white director slinging around the n @-@ word in a homage to ' 70s blaxploitation à la Jackie Brown is one thing , but the same director turning the savageness of slavery into pulp fiction is quite another . "
While hosting NBC 's Saturday Night Live , Jamie Foxx joked about being excited " to kill all the white people in the movie " . Columnist Jeff <unk> wrote a reaction to the SNL skit for The Washington Times , saying : " Anti @-@ white bigotry has become embedded in our postmodern culture . Take Django Unchained . The movie boils down to one central theme : the white man as devil — a moral scourge who must be eradicated like a lethal virus . "
= = = = Use of violence = = = =
Some reviews criticized the film for being too violent . The originally planned premiere of Django was postponed following the Sandy Hook school shooting on December 14 , 2012 . Thomas Frank criticized the film 's use of violence as follows :
Not surprisingly , Quentin Tarantino has lately become the focus for this sort of criticism ( about the relationship between the movies and acts of violence ) . The fact that Django Unchained arrived in theaters right around the time of the Sandy Hook massacre didn 't help . Yet he has refused to give an inch in discussing the link between movie violence and real life . Obviously I don 't think one has to do with the other . Movies are about make @-@ believe . It 's about imagination . Part of the thing is trying to create a realistic experience , but we are faking it . Is it possible that anyone in our cynical world credits a self @-@ serving sophistry like this ? Of course an industry under fire will claim that its hands are clean , just as the NRA has done – and of course a favorite son , be it Tarantino or LaPierre , can be counted on to make the claim louder than anyone else . But do they really believe that imaginative expression is without consequence ?
The Independent said the movie was part of " the new sadism in cinema " and added , " There is something disconcerting about sitting in a crowded cinema as an audience guffaws at the latest <unk> or falls about in hysterics as someone is beheaded or has a limb lopped off " .
Adam <unk> from Mother Jones provided a more nuanced view , saying that " Django , like many Tarantino films , also has been criticized as cartoonishly violent , but it is only so when Django is killing slave owners and overseers . The violence against slaves is always appropriately terrifying . This , if nothing else , puts Django in the running for Tarantino 's best film , the first one in which he discovers violence as horror rather than just spectacle . When Schultz turns his head away from a slave being torn apart by dogs , Django explains to Calvin Candie — the plantation owner played by Leo DiCaprio — that Schultz just isn 't used to Americans . "
= = = = Historical inaccuracies = = = =
Tarantino has said about Mandingo fighting , " I was always aware those things existed " , there is no definitive historical evidence that slave owners ever staged gladiator @-@ like fights to the death between male slaves like the fight depicted in the movie . Historian Edna Greene Medford notes that there are only undocumented rumors that such fights took place . David Blight , the director of Yale 's center for the study of slavery , said it was not a matter of moral or ethical reservations that prevented slave owners from pitting slaves against each other in combat , but rather economic self @-@ interest : slave owners would not have wanted to put their substantial financial investments at risk in gladiatorial battles .
The non @-@ historical term " Mandingo " for a fine fighting or breeding slave comes not from Tarantino , but the earlier film Mandingo .
Writing in The New Yorker , William Jelani Cobb observed that Tarantino 's occasional historical elasticity sometimes worked to the film 's advantage . " There are moments , " Cobb wrote , " where this convex history works brilliantly , like when Tarantino depicts the Ku Klux Klan a decade prior to its actual formation in order to thoroughly ridicule its members ' veiled racism . " The marauding masked group depicted in the film were known as " The Regulators " and were depicted as spiritual forebears of the later post @-@ civil war KKK and not as the actual KKK .
On the matter of historical accuracy , Christopher Caldwell wrote in the Financial Times : " Of course , we must not mistake a feature film for a public television documentary " , pointing out that the film should be treated as entertainment , not as a historical account of the time period it is set in . " Django uses slavery the way a pornographic film might use a nurses ' convention : as a pretext for what is really meant to entertain us . What is really meant to entertain us in Django is violence . " Richard Brody , however , wrote in The New Yorker that Tarantino 's " vision of slavery 's monstrosity is historically accurate .... Tarantino rightly depicts slavery as no mere administrative ownership but a grievous and monstrous infliction of cruelty . "
= = = Accolades = = =
Django Unchained garnered several awards and nominations . The American Film Institute named it one of their Top Ten Movies of the Year in December 2012 . The film received five Golden Globe Award nominations , including Best Picture , and Best Director and Best Screenplay for Tarantino . Tarantino won an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay . Christoph Waltz received the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor , the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor , and the BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actor , his second time receiving all three awards , having previously won for his role in Tarantino 's Inglourious Basterds . The NAACP Image Awards gave the film four nominations , while the National Board of Review named DiCaprio their Best Supporting Actor . Django Unchained earned a nomination for Best Theatrical Motion Picture from the Producers Guild of America .
= = Potential future projects = =
= = = Miniseries = = =
Tarantino has said in an interview that he has 90 minutes of material of the film on the cutting room floor and considered re @-@ editing Django Unchained into a four @-@ hour , four @-@ night cable miniseries . Tarantino said that breaking the story into four parts would be more satisfying to audiences than a four @-@ hour movie : " ... it wouldn 't be an endurance test . It would be a mini @-@ series . And people love those . "
= = = Novels = = =
The story which became the director 's follow @-@ up film The Hateful Eight was first attempted as a paperback novel sequel to Django Unchained titled Django in White Hell . Tarantino decided , however , that the character 's established morals did not fit the tone of the developing story so he began re @-@ writing it as an original screenplay with no connection to the earlier film . He has expressed a desire to write a series of Django sequel novels .
= = = Crossover = = =
Sony is planning on a Django / Zorro crossover movie , which currently exists in the form of a comic book by Dynamite Entertainment .
In the 2014 film A Million Ways to Die in the West , Django is seen shooting the proprietor of a racially charged shooting game , saying ' people die at the fair ' .
= = Alleged copyright infringement = =
In December 2015 , a $ 100 million lawsuit was filed against Tarantino by filmmakers Oscar Colvin Jr. and Torrance J. Colvin , who claimed that the script for Django Unchained bears extensive similarities to their film , titled Freedom . The lawsuit was filed in a federal court in Washington , DC .
= Battle of Cape St. Vincent ( 1780 ) =
The Battle of Cape St. Vincent was a naval battle took place off the southern coast of Portugal on 16 January 1780 during the Anglo @-@ Spanish War . A British fleet under Admiral Sir George Rodney defeated a Spanish squadron under Don Juan de Lángara . The battle is sometimes referred to as the Moonlight Battle because it was unusual for naval battles in the Age of Sail to take place at night . It was also the first major naval victory for the British over their European enemies in the war and proved the value of copper @-@ sheathing the hulls of warships .
Admiral Rodney was escorting a fleet of supply ships to relieve the Spanish siege of Gibraltar with a fleet of about twenty ships of the line when he encountered Lángara 's squadron south of Cape St. Vincent . When Lángara saw the size of the British fleet , he attempted to make for the safety of Cádiz , but the copper @-@ sheathed British ships chased his fleet down . In a running battle that lasted from mid @-@ afternoon until after midnight , the British captured four Spanish ships , including Lángara 's flagship . Two other ships were also captured , but their final disposition is unclear ; some Spanish sources indicate they were retaken by their Spanish crews , while Rodney 's report indicates the ships were grounded and destroyed .
After the battle Rodney successfully resupplied Gibraltar and Minorca before continuing on to the West Indies station . Lángara was released on parole , and was promoted to lieutenant general by King Carlos III .
= = Background = =
One of Spain 's principal goals upon its entry into the American War of Independence in 1779 was the recovery of Gibraltar , which had been lost to England in 1704 . The Spanish planned to retake Gibraltar by blockading and starving out its garrison , which included troops from Britain and the Electorate of Hanover . The siege formally began in June 1779 , with the Spanish establishing a land blockade around the Rock of Gibraltar . The matching naval blockade was comparatively weak , however , and the British discovered that small fast ships could evade the blockaders , while slower and larger supply ships generally could not . By late 1779 , however , supplies in Gibraltar had become seriously depleted , and its commander , General George Eliott , appealed to London for relief .
A supply convoy was organized , and in late December 1779 a large fleet sailed from England under the command of Admiral Sir George Brydges Rodney . Although Rodney 's ultimate orders were to command the West Indies fleet , he had secret instructions to first resupply Gibraltar and Minorca . On 4 January 1780 the fleet divided , with ships headed for the West Indies sailing westward . This left Rodney in command of 19 ships of the line , which were to accompany the supply ships to Gibraltar .
On 8 January 1780 ships from Rodney 's fleet spotted a group of sails . Giving chase with their faster copper @-@ clad ships , the British determined these to be a Spanish supply convoy that was protected by a single ship of the line and several frigates . The entire convoy was captured , with the lone ship of the line , Guipuzcoana , striking her colours after a perfunctory exchange of fire . Guipuzcoana was staffed with a small prize crew and renamed HMS Prince William , in honour of Prince William , the third son of the King , who was serving as midshipman in the fleet . Rodney then detached HMS America and the frigate HMS Pearl to escort most of the captured ships back to England ; the Prince William was added to his fleet , as were some of the supply ships that carried items likely to be of use to the Gibraltar garrison . On 12 January HMS Dublin , which had lost part of her topmast on 3 January , suffered additional damage and raised a distress flag . Assisted by HMS Shrewsbury , she limped into Lisbon on 16 January .
The Spanish had learnt of the British relief effort . From the blockading squadron a fleet comprising 11 ships of the line under Admiral Juan de Lángara was dispatched to intercept Rodney 's convoy , and the Atlantic fleet of Admiral Luis de Córdova at Cadiz was also alerted to try to catch him . Córdova learnt of the strength of Rodney 's fleet , and returned to Cadiz rather than giving chase . On 16 January the fleets of Lángara and Rodney spotted each other around 1 : 00 pm south of Cape St. Vincent , the southwestern point of Portugal and the Iberian Peninsula . The weather was hazy , with heavy swells and occasional squalls .
= = Battle = =
Rodney was ill , and spent the entire action in his bunk . His flag captain , Walter Young , urged Rodney to give orders to engage when the Spanish fleet was first spotted , but Rodney only gave orders to form a line abreast . Lángara started to establish a line of battle , but when he realised the size of Rodney 's fleet , he gave orders to make all sail for Cadiz . Around 2 : 00 pm , when Rodney felt certain that the ships seen were not the vanguard of a larger fleet , he issued commands for a general chase . Rodney 's instructions to his fleet were to chase at their best speed , and engage the Spanish ships from the rear as they came upon them . They were also instructed to sail to the lee side to interfere with Spanish attempts to gain the safety of a harbour , a tactic that also prevented the Spanish ships from opening their lowest gun ports . Because of their copper @-@ sheathed hulls ( which reduced marine growths and drag ) , the ships of the Royal Navy were faster and soon gained on the Spanish .
The chase lasted for about two hours , and the battle finally began around 4 : 00 pm . The Santo Domingo , trailing in the Spanish fleet , received broadsides from HMS Edgar , HMS Marlborough , and HMS Ajax before blowing up around 4 : 40 , with the loss of all but one of her crew . Marlborough and Ajax then passed Princessa to engage other Spanish ships . Princessa was eventually engaged in an hour @-@ long battle with HMS Bedford before striking her colours at about 5 : 30 . By 6 : 00 pm it was getting dark , and there was a discussion aboard HMS Sandwich , Rodney 's flagship , about whether to continue the pursuit . Although Captain Young is credited in some accounts with pushing Rodney to do so , Dr. Gilbert Blane , the fleet physician , reported it as a decision of the council .
The chase continued into the dark and squally night , leading it to later become known as the " Moonlight Battle " , since it was uncommon at the time for naval battles to continue after sunset . At 7 : 30 pm , HMS Defence came upon Lángara 's flagship Fenix , engaging her in a battle lasting over an hour . She was broadsided in passing by HMS Montagu and HMS Prince George , and Lángara was wounded in the battle . Fenix finally surrendered to HMS Bienfaisant , which arrived late in the battle and shot away her mainmast . Fenix 's takeover was complicated by an outbreak of smallpox aboard Bienfaisant . Captain John MacBride , rather than sending over a possibly infected prize crew , apprised Lángara of the situation and put him and his crew on parole .
At 9 : 15 the Montagu engaged the Diligente , which struck after her <unk> was shot away . Around 11 : 00 pm San Eugenio surrendered after having all of her masts shot away by HMS Cumberland , but the difficult seas made it impossible to board a prize crew until morning . That duel was passed by HMS Culloden and Prince George , which engaged San Julián and compelled her to surrender around 1 : 00 am . The last ship to surrender was Monarca . She nearly escaped , shooting away HMS Alcide 's topmast , but was engaged in a running battle with the frigate HMS Apollo . Apollo managed to keep up the unequal engagement until about the time that Rodney 's flagship Sandwich came upon the scene around 2 : 00 am . Sandwich fired a broadside , unaware that Monarca had already hauled down her flag .
The British took six ships . Four Spanish ships of the line and the fleet 's two frigates escaped , although sources are unclear if two of the Spanish ships were even present with the fleet at the time of the battle . Lángara 's report states that San Justo and San Genaro were not in his line of battle ( although they are listed in Spanish records as part of his fleet ) . Rodney 's report states that San Justo escaped but was damaged in battle , and that San Genaro escaped without damage . According to one account two of Lángara 's ships ( unspecified which two ) were despatched to investigate other unidentified sails sometime before the action .
= = Aftermath = =
With the arrival of daylight , it was clear that the British fleet and their prize ships were dangerously close to a lee shore with an onshore breeze . One of the prizes , San Julián , was recorded by Rodney as too badly damaged to save , and was driven ashore . The fate of another prize , San Eugenio , is unclear . Some sources report that she too was grounded , but others report that she was retaken by her crew and managed to reach Cadiz . A Spanish history claims that the prize crews of both ships appealed to their Spanish captives for help escaping the lee shore . The Spanish captains retook control of their ships , imprisoned the British crews , and sailed to Cadiz .
The British reported their casualties in the battle as 32 killed and 102 wounded . The supply convoy sailed into Gibraltar on 19 January , driving the smaller blockading fleet to retreat to the safety of Algeciras . Rodney arrived several days later , after first stopping in Tangier . The wounded Spanish prisoners , who included Admiral Lángara , were offloaded there , and the British garrison was heartened by the arrival of the supplies and the presence of Prince William Henry . After also resupplying Minorca , Rodney sailed for the West Indies in February , detaching part of the fleet for service in the Channel . This homebound fleet intercepted a French fleet destined for the East Indies , capturing one warship and three supply ships . Gibraltar was resupplied twice more before the siege was lifted at the end of the war in 1783 .
Admiral Lángara and other Spanish officers were eventually released on parole , the admiral receiving a promotion to lieutenant general . He continued his distinguished career , becoming Spanish marine minister in the French Revolutionary Wars .
Admiral Rodney was lauded for his victory , the first major victory of the war by the Royal Navy over its European opponents . He distinguished himself for the remainder of the war , notably winning the 1782 Battle of the Saintes in which he captured the French Admiral Comte de Grasse . He was , however , criticised by Captain Young , who portrayed him as weak and indecisive in the battle with Lángara . ( He was also rebuked by the admiralty for leaving a ship of the line at Gibraltar , against his express orders . ) Rodney 's observations on the benefits of copper sheathing in the victory were influential in British Admiralty decisions to deploy the technology more widely .
= = Order of battle = =
None of the listed sources give an accurate accounting of the ships in Rodney 's fleet at the time of the action . Robert Beatson lists the composition of the fleet at its departure from England , and notes which ships separated to go to the West Indies , as well as those detached to return the prizes captured on 8 January to England . He does not list two ships ( Dublin and Shrewsbury , identified in despatches reprinted by Syrett ) that were separated from the fleet on 13 January . Furthermore , HMS Prince William is sometimes misunderstood to have been part of the prize escort back to England , but she was present at Gibraltar after the action . Beatson also fails to list a number of frigates , including HMS Apollo , which played a key role in the capture of the Monarca .
There are some discrepancies between the English and Spanish sources listing the Spanish fleet , principally in the number of guns most of the vessels are claimed to mount . The table below lists the Spanish records describing Lángara 's fleet . Beatson lists all of the Spanish ships of the line at 70 guns , except Fenix , which he lists at 80 guns . One frigate , the Santa Rosalia , is listed by Beatson at 28 guns . The identify of the second Spanish frigate is different in the two listings . Beatson records her as the Santa <unk> , 26 guns , with captain Don Annibal <unk> , while Duro 's listing describes her as Santa Cecilia , 34 , captain Don Domingo <unk> . Both frigates , whatever their identity , escaped the battle .
= There Goes My Baby ( Usher song ) =
" There Goes My Baby " is a song by American recording artist Usher . It was written by James Scheffer , Frank Romano , Danny Morris and Rico Love , with the latter producing the song with Jim Jonsin . The song was first released as the second promo single for his sixth studio album , Raymond v. Raymond ( 2010 ) on February 9 , 2010 , and later released to rhythmic and urban airplay as the album 's fourth U.S. single from the album on June 15 , 2010 . It was later included the album 's follow @-@ up set , Versus . " There Goes My Baby " is a down @-@ tempo R & B piece , which makes use of Usher 's falsetto range .
Critics received the song positively , complimenting Usher 's falsetto . While reaching a peak of twenty @-@ five on the Billboard Hot 100 , it topped the Hot R & B / Hip @-@ Hop Songs chart . The charting gave Usher his eleventh number @-@ one on the chart , tying Ray Charles and R. Kelly for the fifth @-@ most number @-@ one 's since the chart 's inception . The song 's accompanying music video features Usher pursuing his love interest in risque scenes . Critics generally favored the video , calling it classic Usher , while some noted its theme was played @-@ out . Usher performed the song a number of times , including at the 2010 BET Awards . The song earned Usher a Grammy Award for Best Male R & B Vocal Performance , at the 53rd Grammy Awards in 2011 .
= = Composition and critical reception = =
" There Goes My Baby " is a , " slinky " down @-@ tempo R & B ballad , with infused hints of neo soul . It is composed in a " moderate groove " of eighty beats per minute , and is set in common time . It is written the key of A minor and Usher 's vocals span from the low note of E4 to high note of C6 . It follows the chord progression A – Fmaj7 – G. The song makes use of Usher 's falsetto range , which was warmly received by critics . Edna Gunderson of USA Today called Usher 's falsetto " charming . " Jaime Gill of Yahoo ! Music UK said that the song was a delight and that its falsetto tenderness was absent in the rest of the work . Tyler Lewis of PopMatters said the song featured " nice falsetto work " from the singer , while Leah Greenblatt of Entertainment Weekly coined the song a " falsetto @-@ laced plea . "
Andy Kellman of Allmusic noted the track as a standout from Raymond v. Raymond . Greg Kot of the Chicago Tribune said that the sweetness of Usher 's falsetto balanced out the album 's " boilerplate swagger . " Fraser McAlpine of BBC Music thought that the song recalled Usher 's past slow jams , coining it , " a sumptuous deep @-@ pile carpet of seductive song . " Ashante Infantry of the Toronto Star said the song was one of the best on the album , and said that it was a " steamy slow jam . " Calling the song " decent , " James Reed of the Boston Globe thought the lyrical content was hollow . Calling it a low @-@ point of the album , Matthew Cole of Slant Magazine said that the song was " sappy . "
= = Chart performance = =
As a promo single , the song debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 chart at number seventy @-@ one solely from digital downloads . It fell off the next week , but upon its release as a single it re @-@ entered at number 100 , and eventually reached number twenty @-@ five . It topped the US R & B / Hip @-@ Hop chart for four consecutive weeks , giving Usher his eleventh number @-@ one hit on that chart , and to date spent there the huge amount of 71 weeks . With eleven top singles on the chart , Usher tied with R. Kelly and Ray Charles on the Stevie Wonder @-@ led list of most number ones since the inception of the chart . As the fourth single from Raymond v. Raymond , the single was also Usher 's fourth consecutive top ten song on the R & B chart , a feat not matched by him since his Confessions era . " There Goes My Baby " was also Usher 's fourth consecutive top forty song on the Hot 100 , another feat not matched since Confessions .
= = Music video = =