from functools import partial
from typing import Type, Any, Callable, Union, List, Optional

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
from torch import Tensor

"""
MODEL CODE REDUCED AND MODIFIED FROM PYTORCH SOURCE: https://github.com/pytorch/vision/blob/main/torchvision/models/resnet.py.

CODE REDUCTION REMOVES PRETRAINED WEIGHT CONFIGURATIONS AND EXCESS MODEL CONFIGURATIONS.

CODE MODIFICATION MADE TO ALLOW FOR DIFFERENT FORWARD PASS STRUCTURE FOR DISTIL.
    last:   RETURN LAST-LAYER FC EMBEDDINGS IN ADDITION TO TENSOR
    freeze: DO NOT COMPUTE THE COMPUTATION GRAPH UNTIL THE LAST LAYER IS REACHED

ADDITIONAL PARAMETER ADDED TO ALLOW FOR NUMBER OF CHANNELS WHEN INSTANTIATING MODEL.
"""

def weight_reset(m):
    if hasattr(m, 'reset_parameters'):
        m.reset_parameters()


def conv3x3(in_planes: int, out_planes: int, stride: int = 1, groups: int = 1, dilation: int = 1) -> nn.Conv2d:
    """3x3 convolution with padding"""
    return nn.Conv2d(
        in_planes,
        out_planes,
        kernel_size=3,
        stride=stride,
        padding=dilation,
        groups=groups,
        bias=False,
        dilation=dilation,
    )


def conv1x1(in_planes: int, out_planes: int, stride: int = 1) -> nn.Conv2d:
    """1x1 convolution"""
    return nn.Conv2d(in_planes, out_planes, kernel_size=1, stride=stride, bias=False)


class BasicBlock(nn.Module):
    expansion: int = 1

    def __init__(
        self,
        inplanes: int,
        planes: int,
        stride: int = 1,
        downsample: Optional[nn.Module] = None,
        groups: int = 1,
        base_width: int = 64,
        dilation: int = 1,
        norm_layer: Optional[Callable[..., nn.Module]] = None,
    ) -> None:
        super().__init__()
        if norm_layer is None:
            norm_layer = nn.BatchNorm2d
        if groups != 1 or base_width != 64:
            raise ValueError("BasicBlock only supports groups=1 and base_width=64")
        if dilation > 1:
            raise NotImplementedError("Dilation > 1 not supported in BasicBlock")
        # Both self.conv1 and self.downsample layers downsample the input when stride != 1
        self.conv1 = conv3x3(inplanes, planes, stride)
        self.bn1 = norm_layer(planes)
        self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
        self.conv2 = conv3x3(planes, planes)
        self.bn2 = norm_layer(planes)
        self.downsample = downsample
        self.stride = stride

    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        identity = x

        out = self.conv1(x)
        out = self.bn1(out)
        out = self.relu(out)

        out = self.conv2(out)
        out = self.bn2(out)

        if self.downsample is not None:
            identity = self.downsample(x)

        out += identity
        out = self.relu(out)

        return out


class Bottleneck(nn.Module):
    # Bottleneck in torchvision places the stride for downsampling at 3x3 convolution(self.conv2)
    # while original implementation places the stride at the first 1x1 convolution(self.conv1)
    # according to "Deep residual learning for image recognition"https://arxiv.org/abs/1512.03385.
    # This variant is also known as ResNet V1.5 and improves accuracy according to
    # https://ngc.nvidia.com/catalog/model-scripts/nvidia:resnet_50_v1_5_for_pytorch.

    expansion: int = 4

    def __init__(
        self,
        inplanes: int,
        planes: int,
        stride: int = 1,
        downsample: Optional[nn.Module] = None,
        groups: int = 1,
        base_width: int = 64,
        dilation: int = 1,
        norm_layer: Optional[Callable[..., nn.Module]] = None,
    ) -> None:
        super().__init__()
        if norm_layer is None:
            norm_layer = nn.BatchNorm2d
        width = int(planes * (base_width / 64.0)) * groups
        # Both self.conv2 and self.downsample layers downsample the input when stride != 1
        self.conv1 = conv1x1(inplanes, width)
        self.bn1 = norm_layer(width)
        self.conv2 = conv3x3(width, width, stride, groups, dilation)
        self.bn2 = norm_layer(width)
        self.conv3 = conv1x1(width, planes * self.expansion)
        self.bn3 = norm_layer(planes * self.expansion)
        self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
        self.downsample = downsample
        self.stride = stride

    def forward(self, x: Tensor) -> Tensor:
        identity = x

        out = self.conv1(x)
        out = self.bn1(out)
        out = self.relu(out)

        out = self.conv2(out)
        out = self.bn2(out)
        out = self.relu(out)

        out = self.conv3(out)
        out = self.bn3(out)

        if self.downsample is not None:
            identity = self.downsample(x)

        out += identity
        out = self.relu(out)

        return out


class ResNet(nn.Module):
    def __init__(
        self,
        block: Type[Union[BasicBlock, Bottleneck]],
        layers: List[int],
        channels: int = 3,
        num_classes: int = 1000,
        zero_init_residual: bool = False,
        groups: int = 1,
        width_per_group: int = 64,
        replace_stride_with_dilation: Optional[List[bool]] = None,
        norm_layer: Optional[Callable[..., nn.Module]] = None,
    ) -> None:
        super().__init__()
        if norm_layer is None:
            norm_layer = nn.BatchNorm2d
        self._norm_layer = norm_layer

        self.inplanes = 64
        self.dilation = 1
        if replace_stride_with_dilation is None:
            # each element in the tuple indicates if we should replace
            # the 2x2 stride with a dilated convolution instead
            replace_stride_with_dilation = [False, False, False]
        if len(replace_stride_with_dilation) != 3:
            raise ValueError(
                "replace_stride_with_dilation should be None "
                f"or a 3-element tuple, got {replace_stride_with_dilation}"
            )
        self.groups = groups
        self.base_width = width_per_group
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(channels, self.inplanes, kernel_size=7, stride=2, padding=3, bias=False)
        self.bn1 = norm_layer(self.inplanes)
        self.relu = nn.ReLU(inplace=True)
        self.maxpool = nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1)
        self.layer1 = self._make_layer(block, 64, layers[0])
        self.layer2 = self._make_layer(block, 128, layers[1], stride=2, dilate=replace_stride_with_dilation[0])
        self.layer3 = self._make_layer(block, 256, layers[2], stride=2, dilate=replace_stride_with_dilation[1])
        self.layer4 = self._make_layer(block, 512, layers[3], stride=2, dilate=replace_stride_with_dilation[2])
        self.avgpool = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d((1, 1))
        self.fc = nn.Linear(512 * block.expansion, num_classes)

        for m in self.modules():
            if isinstance(m, nn.Conv2d):
                nn.init.kaiming_normal_(m.weight, mode="fan_out", nonlinearity="relu")
            elif isinstance(m, (nn.BatchNorm2d, nn.GroupNorm)):
                nn.init.constant_(m.weight, 1)
                nn.init.constant_(m.bias, 0)

        # Zero-initialize the last BN in each residual branch,
        # so that the residual branch starts with zeros, and each residual block behaves like an identity.
        # This improves the model by 0.2~0.3% according to https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.02677
        if zero_init_residual:
            for m in self.modules():
                if isinstance(m, Bottleneck) and m.bn3.weight is not None:
                    nn.init.constant_(m.bn3.weight, 0)  # type: ignore[arg-type]
                elif isinstance(m, BasicBlock) and m.bn2.weight is not None:
                    nn.init.constant_(m.bn2.weight, 0)  # type: ignore[arg-type]

    def _make_layer(
        self,
        block: Type[Union[BasicBlock, Bottleneck]],
        planes: int,
        blocks: int,
        stride: int = 1,
        dilate: bool = False,
    ) -> nn.Sequential:
        norm_layer = self._norm_layer
        downsample = None
        previous_dilation = self.dilation
        if dilate:
            self.dilation *= stride
            stride = 1
        if stride != 1 or self.inplanes != planes * block.expansion:
            downsample = nn.Sequential(
                conv1x1(self.inplanes, planes * block.expansion, stride),
                norm_layer(planes * block.expansion),
            )

        layers = []
        layers.append(
            block(
                self.inplanes, planes, stride, downsample, self.groups, self.base_width, previous_dilation, norm_layer
            )
        )
        self.inplanes = planes * block.expansion
        for _ in range(1, blocks):
            layers.append(
                block(
                    self.inplanes,
                    planes,
                    groups=self.groups,
                    base_width=self.base_width,
                    dilation=self.dilation,
                    norm_layer=norm_layer,
                )
            )

        return nn.Sequential(*layers)

    def _forward_impl(self, x: Tensor, last=False, freeze=False) -> Tensor:
        # See note [TorchScript super()]

        # Freezing allows us to only compute computation graphs for the last layer.
        if freeze:
            with torch.no_grad():
                x = self.conv1(x)
                x = self.bn1(x)
                x = self.relu(x)
                x = self.maxpool(x)

                x = self.layer1(x)
                x = self.layer2(x)
                x = self.layer3(x)
                x = self.layer4(x)

                x = self.avgpool(x)
                last_layer_emb = torch.flatten(x, 1)
        else:
            x = self.conv1(x)
            x = self.bn1(x)
            x = self.relu(x)
            x = self.maxpool(x)

            x = self.layer1(x)
            x = self.layer2(x)
            x = self.layer3(x)
            x = self.layer4(x)

            x = self.avgpool(x)
            last_layer_emb = torch.flatten(x, 1)
        out = self.fc(last_layer_emb)
        
        # The last parameter lets us additionally return last layer embeddings
        if last:
            return out, last_layer_emb
        else:
            return out

    def forward(self, x: Tensor, last=False, freeze=False) -> Tensor:
        return self._forward_impl(x, last, freeze)

    def get_embedding_dim(self):
        return self.fc.in_features

    def reset(self):
        self.apply(weight_reset)


def _resnet(
    block: Type[Union[BasicBlock, Bottleneck]],
    layers: List[int],
    progress: bool,
    **kwargs: Any,
) -> ResNet:

    model = ResNet(block, layers, **kwargs)
    return model


def resnet18(*, progress: bool = True, **kwargs: Any) -> ResNet:
    """ResNet-18 from `Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition <https://arxiv.org/pdf/1512.03385.pdf>`__.
    Args:
        weights (:class:`~torchvision.models.ResNet18_Weights`, optional): The
            pretrained weights to use. See
            :class:`~torchvision.models.ResNet18_Weights` below for
            more details, and possible values. By default, no pre-trained
            weights are used.
        progress (bool, optional): If True, displays a progress bar of the
            download to stderr. Default is True.
        **kwargs: parameters passed to the ``torchvision.models.resnet.ResNet``
            base class. Please refer to the `source code
            <https://github.com/pytorch/vision/blob/main/torchvision/models/resnet.py>`_
            for more details about this class.
    .. autoclass:: torchvision.models.ResNet18_Weights
        :members:
    """
    return _resnet(BasicBlock, [2, 2, 2, 2], progress, **kwargs)


def resnet34(*, progress: bool = True, **kwargs: Any) -> ResNet:
    """ResNet-34 from `Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition <https://arxiv.org/pdf/1512.03385.pdf>`__.
    Args:
        weights (:class:`~torchvision.models.ResNet34_Weights`, optional): The
            pretrained weights to use. See
            :class:`~torchvision.models.ResNet34_Weights` below for
            more details, and possible values. By default, no pre-trained
            weights are used.
        progress (bool, optional): If True, displays a progress bar of the
            download to stderr. Default is True.
        **kwargs: parameters passed to the ``torchvision.models.resnet.ResNet``
            base class. Please refer to the `source code
            <https://github.com/pytorch/vision/blob/main/torchvision/models/resnet.py>`_
            for more details about this class.
    .. autoclass:: torchvision.models.ResNet34_Weights
        :members:
    """
    return _resnet(BasicBlock, [3, 4, 6, 3], progress, **kwargs)


def resnet50(*, progress: bool = True, **kwargs: Any) -> ResNet:
    """ResNet-50 from `Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition <https://arxiv.org/pdf/1512.03385.pdf>`__.
    .. note::
       The bottleneck of TorchVision places the stride for downsampling to the second 3x3
       convolution while the original paper places it to the first 1x1 convolution.
       This variant improves the accuracy and is known as `ResNet V1.5
       <https://ngc.nvidia.com/catalog/model-scripts/nvidia:resnet_50_v1_5_for_pytorch>`_.
    Args:
        weights (:class:`~torchvision.models.ResNet50_Weights`, optional): The
            pretrained weights to use. See
            :class:`~torchvision.models.ResNet50_Weights` below for
            more details, and possible values. By default, no pre-trained
            weights are used.
        progress (bool, optional): If True, displays a progress bar of the
            download to stderr. Default is True.
        **kwargs: parameters passed to the ``torchvision.models.resnet.ResNet``
            base class. Please refer to the `source code
            <https://github.com/pytorch/vision/blob/main/torchvision/models/resnet.py>`_
            for more details about this class.
    .. autoclass:: torchvision.models.ResNet50_Weights
        :members:
    """
    return _resnet(Bottleneck, [3, 4, 6, 3], progress, **kwargs)