code: // Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
  // or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
  // distributed with this work for additional information
  // regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
  // to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
  // "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
  // with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
  //
  //   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
  //
  // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
  // software distributed under the License is distributed on an
  // "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
  // KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
  // specific language governing permissions and limitations
  // under the License.
  
  package org.openqa.selenium.support.ui;
  
  public class Quotes {
  
    /**
     * Convert strings with both quotes and ticks into a valid xpath component
     *
     * <p>For example,
     *
     * <p>{@code foo} will be converted to {@code "foo"},
     *
     * <p>{@code f"oo} will be converted to {@code 'f"oo'},
     *
     * <p>{@code foo'"bar} will be converted to {@code concat("foo'", '"', "bar")}
     *
     * @param toEscape a text to escape quotes in, e.g. {@code "f'oo"}
     * @return the same text with escaped quoted, e.g. {@code "\"f'oo\""}
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("JavaDoc")
    public static String escape(String toEscape) {
      if (toEscape.contains("\"") && toEscape.contains("'")) {
        boolean quoteIsLast = toEscape.lastIndexOf("\"") == toEscape.length() - 1;
        String[] substringsWithoutQuotes = toEscape.split("\"");
  
        StringBuilder quoted = new StringBuilder("concat(");
        for (int i = 0; i < substringsWithoutQuotes.length; i++) {
          quoted.append("\"").append(substringsWithoutQuotes[i]).append("\"");
          quoted.append(
              ((i == substringsWithoutQuotes.length - 1)
                  ? (quoteIsLast ? ", '\"')" : ")")
                  : ", '\"', "));
        }
        return quoted.toString();
      }
  
      // Escape string with just a quote into being single quoted: f"oo -> 'f"oo'
      if (toEscape.contains("\"")) {
        return String.format("'%s'", toEscape);
      }
  
      // Otherwise return the quoted string
      return String.format("\"%s\"", toEscape);
    }
  }
  