code: // Licensed to the Software Freedom Conservancy (SFC) under one
  // or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
  // distributed with this work for additional information
  // regarding copyright ownership.  The SFC licenses this file
  // to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
  // "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
  // with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
  //
  //   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
  //
  // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
  // software distributed under the License is distributed on an
  // "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
  // KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
  // specific language governing permissions and limitations
  // under the License.
  
  package org.openqa.selenium;
  
  import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
  import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assumptions.assumeFalse;
  import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assumptions.assumeTrue;
  import static org.openqa.selenium.testing.drivers.Browser.CHROME;
  import static org.openqa.selenium.testing.drivers.Browser.EDGE;
  import static org.openqa.selenium.testing.drivers.Browser.IE;
  
  import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
  import org.openqa.selenium.environment.GlobalTestEnvironment;
  import org.openqa.selenium.testing.Ignore;
  import org.openqa.selenium.testing.JupiterTestBase;
  import org.openqa.selenium.testing.TestUtilities;
  
  class I18nTest extends JupiterTestBase {
  
    /** The Hebrew word shalom (peace) encoded in order Shin (sh) Lamed (L) Vav (O) final-Mem (M). */
    private static final String shalom = "\u05E9\u05DC\u05D5\u05DD";
  
    /**
     * The Hebrew word tmunot (images) encoded in order Taf (t) Mem (m) Vav (u) Nun (n) Vav (o) Taf
     * (t).
     */
    private static final String tmunot = "\u05EA\u05DE\u05D5\u05E0\u05D5\u05EA";
  
    /** Japanese for "Tokyo" */
    private static final String tokyo = "\u6771\u4EAC";
  
    /** Chinese for "The Voice of China" */
    private static final String theVoiceOfChina = "\u4E2D\u56FD\u4E4B\u58F0";
  
    @Test
    void testCn() {
      driver.get(pages.chinesePage);
      driver.findElement(By.linkText(theVoiceOfChina)).click();
    }
  
    @Test
    void testEnteringHebrewTextFromLeftToRight() {
      driver.get(pages.chinesePage);
      WebElement input = driver.findElement(By.name("i18n"));
  
      input.sendKeys(shalom);
  
      assertThat(input.getAttribute("value")).isEqualTo(shalom);
    }
  
    @Test
    void testEnteringHebrewTextFromRightToLeft() {
      driver.get(pages.chinesePage);
      WebElement input = driver.findElement(By.name("i18n"));
  
      input.sendKeys(tmunot);
  
      assertThat(input.getAttribute("value")).isEqualTo(tmunot);
    }
  
    @Test
    @Ignore(value = CHROME, reason = "ChromeDriver only supports characters in the BMP")
    @Ignore(value = EDGE, reason = "EdgeDriver only supports characters in the BMP")
    public void testEnteringSupplementaryCharacters() {
      assumeFalse(
          TestUtilities.isInternetExplorer(driver) && TestUtilities.getIEVersion(driver) < 10,
          "IE: versions less thank 10 have issue 5069");
      driver.get(pages.chinesePage);
  
      String input = "";
      input += new String(Character.toChars(0x20000));
      input += new String(Character.toChars(0x2070E));
      input += new String(Character.toChars(0x2000B));
      input += new String(Character.toChars(0x2A190));
      input += new String(Character.toChars(0x2A6B2));
  
      WebElement el = driver.findElement(By.name("i18n"));
      el.sendKeys(input);
  
      assertThat(el.getAttribute("value")).isEqualTo(input);
    }
  
    @Test
    void testShouldBeAbleToReturnTheTextInAPage() {
      String url = GlobalTestEnvironment.get().getAppServer().whereIs("encoding");
      driver.get(url);
  
      String text = driver.findElement(By.tagName("body")).getText();
  
      assertThat(text).isEqualTo(shalom);
    }
  
    @Test
    @Ignore(IE)
    @Ignore(CHROME)
    @Ignore(EDGE)
    public void testShouldBeAbleToInputJapanese() {
      assumeTrue(
          TestUtilities.getEffectivePlatform(driver).is(Platform.LINUX),
          "IME is supported on Linux only.");
  
      driver.get(pages.formPage);
  
      WebElement input = driver.findElement(By.id("working"));
  
      // Activate IME. By default, this keycode activates IBus input for Japanese.
      input.sendKeys(Keys.ZENKAKU_HANKAKU);
  
      // Send the Romaji for "Tokyo". The space at the end instructs the IME to transform the word.
      input.sendKeys("toukyou ");
  
      String elementValue = input.getAttribute("value");
      // Turn OFF IME input first.
      input.sendKeys(Keys.ZENKAKU_HANKAKU);
  
      // IME is not present. Don't fail because of that. But it should have the Romaji value
      // instead.
      assertThat(elementValue)
          .describedAs("The element's value should either remain in Romaji or be converted properly.")
          .isIn(tokyo, "\uE040" + "toukyou ", "toukyou ");
    }
  }
  