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13160028 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finkenthal | Finkenthal | Finkenthal is a municipality in the Rostock district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.
References |
13160029 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monterrubio%20de%20la%20Demanda | Monterrubio de la Demanda | Monterrubio de la Demanda is a municipality and village located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain.
Demography
According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality had a population of 100 inhabitants. By 2018 the population had declined to 59.
References
External links
Monterrubio de la Demanda
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160033 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Book%20Like%20This | A Book Like This | A Book Like This is the first studio album by Australian singer-songwriter duo Angus & Julia Stone. It was released in September 2007 in Australia and debuted and peaked on the ARIA Charts at number 6.
The album was released in the UK through Flock Music/PIAS on 31 March 2008 and an alternative version was released in North America through Nettwerk on 3 March 2009 where the band performed songs from the album on US Radio Station KCRW.
At the ARIA Music Awards of 2008, the album was nominated for Best Blues and Roots Album, Best Group, Breakthrough Artist and Best Cover Art.
Reception
Andrew Leahey from AllMusic said "Angus & Julia Stone's debut recalls the lush, cuddle-up-in-bed indie folk of the Weepies and Kaiser Cartel. A Book Like This takes strength from its two young songwriters, both of whom approach love and coming-of-age issues from their own gendered perspective. Julia plays the part of the quirky ingénue, her vocals fluttering like a young Joanna Newsom over homespun melodies and gauzy instrumental backdrops... where brother Angus details an awkward encounter with the fairer sex". Leahey concluded "A Book Like This is an appropriate soundtrack for lazy Sunday afternoons and slow Monday mornings, when the pace of the world matches the relaxed gait of this band."
Track listing
Alternative version (2009)
Personnel
Zach Brock – strings, violin
Ian Burdge – cello
Mitchell Connelly – drums, percussion
Calina de la Mare – violin
Emery Dobyns – harmony
Ali Friend – bass
Fran Healy – bass, congas, Glockenspiel, Piano
Sally Herbert – string arrangements, strings, violin
Christopher Hoffman – cello, strings
John Metcalfe – viola
Elizabeth Myers – strings, viola
Ian Pritchett – bass
Jeff Ratner – bass, double bass
Angus Stone – guitar, electric guitar, harmonica, Vocals
Julia Stone – Bazouki, guitar, organ, piano, trumpet, vocals
Cameron Whipp – violin
Sarah Jane Wilson – cello
Producers – Angus & Julia Stone, Fran Healy, Ian Pritchett
Mixer – Ian Pritchett
Illustrator – Caroline Pedler
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certification
Release history
References
2007 albums
Angus & Julia Stone albums
EMI Records albums
Independiente Records albums |
13160039 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moradillo%20de%20Roa | Moradillo de Roa | Moradillo de Roa is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 209 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160040 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sars-le-Bois | Sars-le-Bois | Sars-le-Bois is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.
Geography
Sars-le-Bois lies on the banks of the river Canche, some west of Arras, on the D79E road.
Population
Places of interest
The church of St.Nicholas, dating from the eighteenth century.
See also
Communes of the Pas-de-Calais department
References
Sarslebois |
13160044 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%20Ward%20%28cricketer%29 | Michael Ward (cricketer) | Michael John Paul Ward (born 12 September 1971) was an English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and a right-arm off-break bowler. He was born in Oldham, Lancashire.
Ward made one first-class cricketing appearance for Lancashire against Oxford University during the 1991 season.
Ward continued to represent Lancashire's Second XI until the end of the 1991 season. During 1996, he made two Minor Counties appearances for Norfolk, as well as an appearance in the first round of the NatWest Trophy. However, he made no impact with the bat in the competition, falling LBW to the bowling of one-time Test cricketer John Stephenson.
External links
Michael Ward at CricketArchive
1971 births
Living people
English cricketers
Lancashire cricketers
Norfolk cricketers
Cricketers from Oldham |
13160046 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nava%20de%20Roa | Nava de Roa | Nava de Roa is a municipality and town located in the municipality of Ribera del Duero, province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. It is located 92 km from Burgos, 26 km from Aranda de Duero, and 70 km from Valladolis. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 246 inhabitants.
The name "Nava" has pre-Roman origins and means"flat land surrounded by hills." The village is mainly known for the quality of its Designation of Origin Ribera del Duero wines.
Nava de Roa has an important historical heritage in religious buildings. The parish church of San Antolín Mártir is from the 17th century and was developed in the XVIII. It has a Baroque façade and neoclassic tower. Inside, there is an altarpiece which was built by Pedro Cicarte, decorated by Pedro Pérez and there is also a baptismal font from the 16th century. There is also a Gothic Christ of large dimensions, probably from the 14th century.
The chapel of Santa Ana, located on the Monte Calvario, is of Baroque style but it has not been conserved and it currently remains in ruins. The municipal cemetery can be found on its premises and on the hillsides, the characteristic wine cellars and remains of old wine-presses can be seen.
Lastly, it is possible to see models of popular architecture with wooden framework in its walls, which survived the fire of Nava de Roa in the 19th century.
Wheat, barley and beetroot are grown in the village. More importantly grapes are also grown in the village, of which Designation of Origin wines are made. There are two wineries dedicated to its production and use: Montebellón Winery and Vineyards and Señorío de Nava Winery.
History of Nava de Roa
The village emerged from the medieval repopulation during the 10th and 11th centuries; its greatest period of glory was between the 16th and the 18th centuries. It benefited from being a hub of communication and a cross roads (Valladolid-Soria- and Segovia-Zaragoza). In 1591, the community had 1,569 residents.
At the fall of the old regime it remained constituted as the Town Council of the judicial district of Roa with 186 dwellings and 605 residents.
The 19th century marked the decline of Nava de Roa with two incidents: the total destruction (1836) in the period of the First Carlist War by General Miguel Gómez Damas and the Phylloxera Plague which eliminated the vineyards of the area, and, therefore, its economy. The decrease in population until this very day has been continuous.
The feast day of San Antolín Mártir is celebrated on September 2 and is of major local importance. The feast day of San Gregorio Nacianceno is locally celebrated, on May 9.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160057 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navas%20de%20Bureba | Navas de Bureba | Navas de Bureba is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2022 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 27 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160061 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brogitarus | Brogitarus | Brogitarus ( , ) was king of Galatia in Asia Minor between and 50 BC, reigning concurrently with his father-in-law Deiotarus Philoromaeus, who was also tetrarch of the Tolistobogii. By Deiotarus' daughter Adobogiona, Brogitarus was the father of Amyntas, tetrarch of the Trocmi and king of Galatia.
Cicero claims that Brogitarus obtained his elevation to the kingship of Galatia alongside Deiotarus by bribing P. Clodius Pulcher, who was then tribune of the plebs at Rome. Brogitarus also became high priest of the Great Mother at Pessinus after the incumbent was removed through a law introduced by Clodius Pulcher. Cicero impugns not only this procedure but also Brogitarus' character, claiming that the priesthood "was sold for a large sum to Brogitarus, a profligate man, and unworthy of any such sacred character, especially as he had desired it not for the purpose of doing honour to the goddess, but only of profaning her temple." Deiotarus subsequently intervened to remove Brogitarus as high priest on the grounds that the latter had "polluted" its sacred ceremonies.
The name 'Brogitarus' may be understood as brogi-taros 'border-crosser' or (less likely) brogi-taruos 'border-bull'.
References
Christian Settipani, Les Ancêtres de Charlemagne (France: Éditions Christian, 1989).
1st-century BC monarchs in Asia
Kings of Galatia |
13160068 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nebreda | Nebreda | Nebreda is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 95 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160069 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superstar%20%28Lupe%20Fiasco%20song%29 | Superstar (Lupe Fiasco song) | "Superstar" is a song performed by rapper Lupe Fiasco featuring Matthew Santos. It is the first single off his 2007 album Lupe Fiasco's The Cool. iTunes released "Superstar" on September 25, 2007 along with a radio version of "Dumb It Down."
On November 5, 2007 the official video was released and it was directed by Hype Williams. It premiered on BET's 106 & Park on November 23 and on February 19 it moved up to the number one spot on the countdown. As of December 31, it appeared at number 84 on BET's Notarized: Top 100 Videos of 2007 countdown.
The song is featured on the soundtracks of NFL Tour and NHL 2K10. Star baseball player Hanley Ramírez used the song as his walk-up music at Florida Marlins home games.
"Superstar" peaked at number ten on the Billboard Hot 100. Outside of the United States, "Superstar" peaked within the top ten of the charts in the Republic of Ireland, Turkey, and the United Kingdom.
In the song, Lupe yells "FREE CHILLY" which is a reference to another song on his album. The song "Free Chilly" is about Lupe's business partner "Chilly" who was sentenced to 44 years in jail during the recording of "The Cool".
Critical reception
Most critics were positive towards the single. Complex ranked it at 95 on their 100 best songs of the 2000s. Bill Lamb, representing the music website About.com, awarded the song four-and-a-half stars, and gave primary praise to "Lupe Fiasco's dense lyrical meditation on life in the spotlight", "Matthew Santos' haunting vocals", and the "immediate setup of the melodic hook"; however, he did emphasize Santos' vocal delivery to be similar to that of Coldplay frontman Chris Martin — of which both Fiasco and Santos are reportedly fans — citing it as both a positive and negative characteristic of the song. Pitchfork, in an otherwise positive outlook, expressed a similar sentiment: "The hooky first single [is] "Superstar", with Fiasco protégé Matthew Santos (who has probably heard a few Coldplay albums) playing Adam Levine to Fiasco's Kanye West", thus comparing the song's style to that of "Heard 'Em Say", a Kanye West song released in 2005. However, music editor Nick Levine argues that "the hazy, gospel-inflected chorus, sung by Chicago folkie Matthew Santos, is just as memorable, suggesting everyone but Kanye should be quaking in his diamond-studded Reeboks." Blues&Soul felt that the song "blended Lupe's characteristic easy vocal flow with a pleasantly lumbering piano-led beat, a soulful hook, and the odd sample and sound effect." In a review for Yahoo Music, Jaime Gill wrote: "'Superstar' is a melancholy look at celebrity, with Fiasco delivering a languid rap about the insecurities that linger behind fame's brittle armour. Its set to a low-key piano part and a piercing, haunting chorus sung by one Matthew Santos. In one brilliant line, Lupe describes the luxuries of celebrity while skewering its loneliness: "chauffeur, chauffeur, come and take me away." It may be too subtle, slow and sad to be a hit in today's hip hop climate, which would be deeply depressing."
Chart performance
"Superstar" peaked at number 13 on the Billboard Pop Charts, and number ten on the Billboard Hot 100, becoming Lupe Fiasco's first top ten song on the chart. It also surpassed the success of his first single on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, peaking at number 19, and was his first song to appear on the Rhythmic Top 40, peaking at number eight.
In the United Kingdom, "Superstar" was moved to BBC Radio 1's A-List after being made Record of the Week by both Sara Cox and Jo Whiley on December 27, 2007. As a result, the song debuted at number seven on the UK Singles Chart solely on downloads on January 13, 2008 – for the week ending date January 19, 2008 – before climbing to its peak of number four on the chart following its physical CD release the following week. It became Lupe Fiasco's highest-charting song in Britain to date, outperforming both of his previous biggest hits, "Kick, Push" and "Daydreamin'", both of which peaked within the top 30 of the UK Singles Chart.
The song was nominated for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration at the Grammy Awards of 2009. It was also nominated for 2008 Teen Choice Music: Rap/Hip-Hop Song award. Additionally, "Superstar" was the theme song of Fox8's Football Superstar.
Music video
The video depicts a Mercedes-Benz S-Class stopping at the red carpet. Two girls leave the car. Director Hype Williams manages to slip in two characters from Lupe Fiasco's The Cool. The Cool with his characterizing skeleton hand and The Streets with her dollar signs in her eyes. The Cool apparently sold his soul to The Game for fame and fortune. In return, The Game's wife The Streets made him The Coolest and gave him the Mercedes as well as his bling and the gold key he has around his neck. Santos also appears in the video in a dark smoke room with shades on. The Video itself has been nominated for a MTV's VMA for Best Hip Hop Video.
Other versions
There is an official remix to the song, featuring Matthew Santos, Young Jeezy & T.I. A recent performance on MTV was made, with Patrick Stump of Fall Out Boy performing the vocals of the end of the song.
A third version of the song was performed by Fiasco and Santos on BBC Radio in the United Kingdom, and featured an entirely acoustic instrumental without any percussion accompaniment. It was unofficially released on the internet and later officially released (20 October 2008) on BBC Radio 1's Live Lounge – Volume 3.
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
References
External links
2008 singles
2007 singles
Lupe Fiasco songs
Songs written by Lupe Fiasco
Music videos directed by Hype Williams
2007 songs |
13160073 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simunye%20Park | Simunye Park | Simunye Park is a multi-use stadium in Simunye, Eswatini. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is home to the Royal Leopards of the Swazi Premier League. The stadium has a capacity of 5,000 people.
Football venues in Eswatini |
13160076 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neila | Neila | Neila is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 235 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160077 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennit%20Morris | Dennit Morris | Dennit Morris (April 15, 1936 – April 28, 2014) was an American football linebacker who played three seasons in the National Football League (NFL) and American Football League (AFL). He played on two college national championship and two AFL championship teams. Morris played football and baseball at the University of Oklahoma.
References
See also
Other American Football League players
American Football League All-Star players
1936 births
2014 deaths
San Francisco 49ers players
Houston Oilers players
Oklahoma Sooners baseball players
Oklahoma Sooners football players
American football linebackers
American Football League players |
13160083 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olmedillo%20de%20Roa | Olmedillo de Roa | Olmedillo de Roa is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 194 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160088 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olmillos%20de%20Mu%C3%B1%C3%B3 | Olmillos de Muñó | Olmillos de Muñó is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 41 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160089 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abronius%20Silo | Abronius Silo | Abronius Silo (fl. 1st century BC) was a Latin poet who lived in the latter part of the Augustan age. Silo is mentioned in the suasoriae of Seneca the Elder. Seneca wrote that he was a pupil of the rhetorician Marcus Porcius Latro. According to Seneca, he plagiarized a poem about the Illiad from his Latro. The plagiarized line read:
Translated into English this quote reads:
Seneca also wrote that he fathered another poet, also named Silo, who wrote poetry intended for pantomimes. Which Seneca considered to be a waste of his talents.
References
Golden Age Latin writers
1st-century BC Roman poets
Latin writers known only from secondary sources |
13160097 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%C3%B1a | Oña | Oña is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2011 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 1,219 inhabitants.
Main sights
Benedictine monastery of San Salvador de Oña (11th century). During 2012, the town hosted the 17th edition of the sacred art exhibition Las Edades del Hombre.
El jardín secreto, an outdoor walk and art exhibit by local artists.
People from Oña
Andrés de Olmos (1485 – 8 October 1571) – Catholic church priest and grammarian and ethno-historian of Mexico's Indians
Martina Ibaibarriaga (1788–1849) – soldier
References
External links
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160103 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swindon%20FM | Swindon FM | Swindon FM (formerly Swindon 107FM) was a local DAB radio station broadcasting to the English town of Swindon between 2003 and 2006, after making two trial FM broadcasts in 2001 and 2002. The station stopped broadcasting in May 2006.
Towards the end of its tenure, the station's owners applied to the regulators for a local commercial licence, which was awarded to Brunel FM, and for a community radio licence, which went to Swindon 105.5. As a result, many of its staff and presenters moved to those rival stations.
History
Swindon 107FM (2001–2002)
Swindon 107FM broadcast its first Restricted Service Licence (RSL) transmission from a studio at Swindon's Brunel Centre shopping complex in September 2001. The station was founded by former Swindon Town chairman Rikki Hunt and jazz musician Ray Butt, who felt a need for new station in the area where GWR FM Wiltshire had for many years been the only commercial station, along with BBC Wiltshire Sound (now BBC Radio Wiltshire). Their target audience was between 25–55 years and the station played popular artists from the 1950s to the present day that catered for their audience, including local artists with specialist music shows, which the area had been lacking, as well as a local news service.
Another RSL transmission was broadcast in June and July 2002, focusing more on local talent to present the station's programming.
Swindon FM (2003–2006)
In 2003, Swindon FM began broadcasting from new studios at Old Town Court as a DAB-only station – the first local station of its kind in the United Kingdom. Swindon FM broadcast at first on Saturdays and Sundays between 6am and 10pm before expanding to a full seven days-a-week service later in the year – an event marked by a weekend-long countdown of one hundred songs voted for by the public. Other feature programming on the station included The What's On Guide and The Winning Weekend.
The launch of a DAB station (by now, run completely by volunteers) also marked a change in Swindon FM's target audience to 35-years and over, concentrating on the older range of the scale.
In 2005, Swindon FM applied to Ofcom for a local FM licence, and at this time GWR-FM's parent company, GCap, invested in a 20% share of Swindon FM. Following a successful campaign to prove there was an audience for a second commercial radio licence for Swindon, Swindon FM ultimately lost out to another group, Now FM (who began broadcasting as Brunel FM and were owned by The Local Radio Company).
Closure
At 2pm on Friday 12 May 2006, the station ceased transmission after running into difficulties with its premises, leaving Swindon FM homeless. At the end of the year, the team behind Swindon FM applied for a Community Radio licence but lost out to Swindon 105.5.
References
Defunct radio stations in the United Kingdom
Radio stations established in 2003
Radio stations disestablished in 2006
Radio stations in Wiltshire |
13160104 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oquillas | Oquillas | Oquillas is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2022 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 51 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160107 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20The%20IT%20Crowd%20episodes | List of The IT Crowd episodes | The IT Crowd is a Channel 4 British sitcom set in London. It was written and directed by Graham Linehan. It stars Richard Ayoade, Chris O'Dowd and Katherine Parkinson as the information technology staff of an office.
Series overview
Episodes
Series 1 (2006)
Series 2 (2007)
Series 3 (2008)
Series 4 (2010)
Series 4 was recorded at Pinewood Studios in the spring of 2010.
Special (2013)
In October 2011, Graham Linehan stated that a one-off special would air to end the series. On 8 May 2013, it was confirmed by Channel 4 and the BBC that the special would begin shooting in a few weeks, and would air later in the year. Den of Geek's spoiler-free review revealed the title as "The Internet Is Coming", though the title of this episode has been incorrectly given as "The Last Byte" by some sources. The special had a running time of 48 minutes, which is twice the standard length of all the regular episodes.
Notes
References
External links
List of The IT Crowd episodes at the British Comedy Guide
List of The IT Crowd episodes at Channel 4
List of
Channel 4-related lists
Lists of British sitcom episodes |
13160111 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbaneja%20Riopico | Orbaneja Riopico | Orbaneja Riopico is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 177 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160118 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padilla%20de%20Arriba | Padilla de Arriba | Padilla de Arriba is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2022 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 84 inhabitants.
References
External links
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160126 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Padrones%20de%20Bureba | Padrones de Bureba | Padrones de Bureba is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 59 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160132 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palacios%20de%20Riopisuerga | Palacios de Riopisuerga | Palacios de Riopisuerga is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 30 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160138 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palazuelos%20de%20la%20Sierra | Palazuelos de la Sierra | Palazuelos de la Sierra is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2022 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 92 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160147 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palazuelos%20de%20Mu%C3%B1%C3%B3 | Palazuelos de Muñó | Palazuelos de Muñó is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2022 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 55 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160152 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancorbo | Pancorbo | Pancorbo is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 464 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160155 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy%20Performance%20of%20Buildings%20Directive%202010 | Energy Performance of Buildings Directive 2010 | The Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (2010/31/EC, the "EPBD") is the European Union's main legislative instrument aiming to promote the improvement of the energy performance of buildings within the European Union. It was inspired by the Kyoto Protocol which commits the EU and all its parties by setting binding emission reduction targets.
In 2021, the European Commission proposed to review the directive, with a view of introducing more exigent energy efficiency minimum standards for new and existing buildings, improved availability of energy performance certificates by means of public online databases, and to introduce financial mechanisms to incentivize banks to provide loans for energy efficient renovations. The informal agreement now needs to be endorsed by both Parliament and Council.
History
Directive 2002/91/EC
The first version of the EPBD, directive 2002/91/EC, was approved on 16 December 2002 and entered into force on 4 January 2003. EU Member States (MS) had to comply with the Directive within three years of the inception date (4 January 2006), by bringing into force necessary laws, regulations and administrative provisions. In the case of lack of qualified and/or accredited experts, the directive allowed for a further extension in implementation by 4 January 2006.
The Directive required that the MS strengthen their building regulations and introduce energy performance certification of buildings. More specifically, it required member states to comply with Article 7 (Energy Performance Certificates), Article 8 (Inspection of boilers) and Article 9 (Inspection of air conditioning systems).
Directive 2010/31/EU
Directive 2002/91/EC was later on replaced by the so-called "EPBD recast", which was approved on 19 May 2010 and entered into force on 18 June 2010.
This version of the EPBD (Directive 2010/31/EU) broadened its focus on Nearly Zero-energy buildings, cost optimal levels of minimum energy performance requirements as well as improved policies.
According to the recast:
for buildings offered for sale or rent, the energy performance certificates shall be stated in the advertisements
Member States shall lay down the necessary measures to establish inspection schemes for heating and air-conditioning systems or take measures with equivalent impact
all new buildings shall be nearly zero energy buildings by 31 December 2020; the same applies to all new public buildings after 31 December 2018.
Member States shall set minimum energy performance requirements for new buildings, for buildings subject to major renovation, as well as for the replacement or retrofit of building elements
Member States shall draw up lists of national financial measures and instruments to improve the energy efficiency of buildings.
Directive 2018/844/EU
On 30 November 2016, the European Commission published the "Clean Energy For All Europeans", a package of measures boosting the clean energy transition in line with its commitment to cut emissions by at least 40% by 2030, modernise the economy and create conditions for sustainable jobs and growth.
The proposal for a revised directive on the EPBD (COM/2016/0765) puts energy efficiency first and supports cost-effective building renovation. The proposal updated the EPBD through:
The incorporation of long-term building renovation strategies (Article of 4 Energy Efficiency Directive), the support to mobilise finance and a clear vision for the decarbonisation of buildings by 2050
The encouragement of the use of information communication and smart technologies to ensure the efficient operation of buildings
Streamlined provisions in the case of delivery failure of the expected results
introduces building automation and control (BAC) systems as an alternative to physical inspections
encourages the roll-out of the required infrastructure for e-mobility and introduces a "smartness indicator"
strengthens the links between public funding for building renovation and energy performance certificates and
incentivises tackling energy poverty through building renovation.
On 11 October 2017, the European Parliament's Committee on Industry, Research and Energy (ITRE) voted positively on a draft report led by Danish MEP Bendt Bendtsen. The Committee "approved rules to channel the focus towards energy-efficiency and cost-effectiveness of building renovations in the EU, updating the EPBD as part of the "Clean Energy for All Europeans" package".
Bendt Bendtsen, member of ITRE and rapporteur of the EPBD review dossier said: "It is vital that Member States show a clear commitment and take concrete actions in their long-term planning. This includes facilitating access to financial tools, showing investors that energy efficiency renovations are prioritised, and enabling public authorities to invest in well-performing buildings".
The proposal was finally approved by the Council and the European Parliament in May 2018.
Proposed revision of EPBD (2021)
In 2021, the European Commission, under the leadership of Estonian Commissionner Kadri Simson proposed a new revision of the Directive, in the context of the "Fit for 55" legislative package. The proposal includes the following priorities:
Obligation for all member states to establish National building renovation plans
Establishment of minimum energy performance standards (MEPS), requiring the worst energy performant (non-residential) buildings to reach at least class F by 2030 and class E by 2033.
Promotion of technical assistance, including one-stop-shops and renovation passports
Introduction of new financial mechanisms to incentivize banks and mortgage holders to promote energy efficient renovation (mortgage portfolio standard)
Following the start of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Commission issued additional proposals, such as the obligation to ensure new buildings are solar ready and to install solar energy installations on buildings.
The commission's proposal is currently being discussed and negotiated in the council and at the European Parliament. The chief negotiator for the file in the European Parliament is Green MEP Ciaran Cuffe.
The Parliament is expected to vote on the proposal by December 2022.
EPBD support initiatives
The European Commission has launched practical support initiatives with the objective to help and support EU countries with the implementation of the EPBD.
EPBD Concerted Action
The Concerted Action EPBD (CA EPBD) was launched in 2005 under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme to address the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD), with the objective to promote dialogue and exchange of knowledge and best practices between all 28 Member States and Norway for reducing energy use in buildings.
The first CA EPBD was launched in 2005 and closed in June 2007 followed by a second phase and a third phase from 2011 to 2015. The current CA EPBD (CA EPBD IV), a joint initiative between the EU Member States and the European Commission, runs since October 2015 to March 2018 with the aim to transpose and implement the EPBD recast.
EPBD Buildings Platform
The EPBD Buildings Platform was launched by the European Commission in the framework of the Intelligent Energy – Europe, 2003–2006 Programme, as the central resource of information on the EPBD. The Platform comprises databases with publications, events, standards and software tools. Interested organisations or individuals could submit events and publications to the databases. A high number of information papers (fact sheets) were also produced, with the aim to inform a wide range of people of the status of work in a specific area. The platform also offered a helpdesk with lists of frequently asked questions and the possibility to ask individual questions.
This initiative was completed at the end of 2008, and a new one, 'BUILD UP' was launched in 2009.
BUILD UP
As a continuation of its support to the Member States in implementing the EPBD, the European Commission launched the BUILD UP initiative in 2009. The initiative has been receiving funding under the framework of the Intelligent Energy Europe (IEE) Programme. The first BUILD UP (BUILD UP I) was launched in 2009 and closed in 2011 when BUILD UP II followed in 2012 and ran until 2014. BUILD UP III was running from January 2015 until December 2017. BUILD UP IV started early 2018.
The BUILD UP web portal aims to increase awareness and foster the market transformation towards Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings, catalysing and releasing Europe's collective intelligence for an effective implementation of energy saving measures in buildings, by connecting building professionals, including competent authorities.
The portal includes databases of publications, news, events, software tools & blog posts. Since the start of BUILD UP II in 2009 the portal introduced added value content items namely as overview articles (allowing for users to read / download them on demand) and free participation webinars, providing an effective learning resource.
The platform also incorporates the "BUILD UP Skills" webpage, an initiative launched in 2011 under the IEE programme to assist with the training and further education of craftsmen, on-site workers and systems installers of the building sector. BUILD UP hosts all BUILD UP Skills related information (EU Exchange Meetings, Technical Working Groups (TWGs), National pages and country factsheets, news, events and previous newsletters) under its separate section "Skills".
Intelligent Energy Europe (IEE) Programme
The EU's Intelligent Energy Europe (IEE) Programme was launched in 2003; the first IEE Programme (IEE I) closed in 2006, and was followed by the second IEE Programme (IEE II) from 2007 to 2013. Most parts of the IEE programme were run by the Executive Agency for SMEs, EASME -formerly known as the Executive Agency for Competitiveness and Innovation (EACI)- on behalf of the European Commission. The Programme "supported projects which sought to overcome non-technical barriers to the uptake, implementation and replication of innovative sustainable energy solutions". From 2007 to 2013, the IEE II Programme allocated €72m (16% of the entire IEE II funding) to 63 building-related projects (including CA EPBD II & III), revealing the strong support for enabling EPBD implementation. The range of topics was broad, covering the fields of deep renovation, Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings, Energy Performance Certificates, renewable energy and the exemplary role of public buildings. Since the Programme's completion, the EU's Horizon 2020 Framework Programme has been funding these type of activities.
See also
Energy performance certificate, which arose from the implementation of the Directive in the United Kingdom
References
External links
Concerted Action EPBD
BUILD UP portal
Building thermal regulations
Energy development
Energy economics
Energy policies and initiatives of the European Union
Energy performance of buildings
Low-energy building
2002 in law
2002 in the European Union |
13160158 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pardilla | Pardilla | Pardilla is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 126 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160163 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauchy-Cauchy | Sauchy-Cauchy | Sauchy-Cauchy () is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.
Geography
Sauchy-Cauchy lies on the banks of the Canal du Nord, some southeast of Arras, at the junction of the D21E and D14 roads.
Population
Places of interest
The church of Notre-Dame, rebuilt, as was much of the village, after World War I.
The Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemetery.
See also
Communes of the Pas-de-Calais department
References
External links
The CWGC cemetery
Sauchycauchy |
13160167 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido%20de%20la%20Sierra%20en%20Tobalina | Partido de la Sierra en Tobalina | Partido de la Sierra en Tobalina is a municipality located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 68 inhabitants. Its seat is in Valderrama.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160173 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedrosa%20de%20Duero | Pedrosa de Duero | Pedrosa de Duero is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 501.
References
External links
Pedrosa de Duero and its wineries (Spanish)
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160182 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedrosa%20de%20R%C3%ADo%20%C3%9Arbel | Pedrosa de Río Úrbel | Pedrosa de Río Úrbel is a municipality and town in Burgos Province, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2022 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 258 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160190 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedrosa%20del%20P%C3%A1ramo | Pedrosa del Páramo | Pedrosa del Páramo is a municipality located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 103 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160197 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold%20Olson | Harold Olson | Harold Vincent Olson (born January 19, 1938) is a former American football offensive tackle in the American Football League (AFL) for the Buffalo Bills and the Denver Broncos. Olson made the AFL Pro Bowl team in 1961 and was named first-team All-Pro in 1962.
Olson played college football at Clemson University, including playing in the 1959 Sugar Bowl against Louisiana State University. Olson was inducted into the Clemson Athletic Hall of Fame in 2010.
See also
Other American Football League players
References
1938 births
Living people
Players of American football from Asheville, North Carolina
American football offensive tackles
Clemson Tigers football players
Buffalo Bills players
Denver Broncos (AFL) players
American Football League All-Star players
American Football League players |
13160201 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedrosa%20del%20Pr%C3%ADncipe | Pedrosa del Príncipe | Pedrosa del Príncipe is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 217 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160207 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhythm%20%28horse%29 | Rhythm (horse) | Rhythm (March 31, 1987 – 2007) was an American Champion Thoroughbred racehorse.
Background
Rhythm was a bay horse bred in Kentucky by his owner Ogden Mills Phipps. Rhythm was trained by future Hall of Famer, Shug McGaughey.
He was sired by Mr. Prospector out of the Grade I winning mare Dance Number who was a daughter of Northern Dancer.
Racing career
The colt started five times in 1989, finishing his two-year-old campaign with a record of 3-1-1. His one second-place finish was to stablemate Adjudicating in the Grade I Champagne Stakes. In the most important race of the year for his age group, jockey Craig Perret rode Rhythm to a two-length victory in the Breeders' Cup Juvenile in a year when it was held at Florida's Gulfstream Park. The colt's performances earned him 1989 U.S. Champion 2-Yr-Old Colt honors.
In 1990, three-year-old Rhythm made ten starts, winning three times. An increasingly difficult temperament combined with a throat problem that necessitated surgery resulted in the colt's handlers having to skip the U.S. Triple Crown series. By mid summer, Rhythm was getting back in shape and ran second in the Dwyer Stakes and third in both the Woodward Stakes and in the Haskell Invitational Handicap before scoring his most important victory of the year in the prestigious Grade I Travers Stakes.
Rhythm was retired after failing to win in five starts in 1991.
Stud record
Rhythm was sold for US$5.5 million to Japanese breeders. He entered stud in 1992 at Arrow Stud at Hokkaidō from where he would be shuttled to breeders in New Zealand and Australia before returning to the United States in 1997 to stand at Ashford Stud near Versailles, Kentucky. In 2000, Rhythm was sent to Diamond F Ranch in Grass Valley, California where on September 4, 2007 he is reported to have fractured a leg in a paddock accident and had to be euthanized.
As a stallion, Rhythm sired 24 stakes winners. His most successful progeny were in New Zealand and Australia where he was the sire of three Southern Hemisphere champions including the outstanding filly Ethereal whose four Group One wins included three of the most important staying races in Australian racing: the Caulfield Cup, the Melbourne Cup and The BMW Stakes.
Pedigree
Rhythm was inbred 3 × 4 to Native Dancer, meaning that tis stallion appear in both the third and fourth generations of his pedigree.
References
1987 racehorse births
2007 racehorse deaths
American Grade 1 Stakes winners
Breeders' Cup Juvenile winners
Eclipse Award winners
Phipps family
Racehorses bred in Kentucky
Racehorses trained in the United States
Thoroughbred family 1-x |
13160211 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pe%C3%B1aranda%20de%20Duero | Peñaranda de Duero | Peñaranda de Duero is a village and municipio located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 583 inhabitants.
The village is conserved as a conjunto histórico, a type of conservation area. Several buildings are additionally protected as monuments.
Main sights
Castle of Peñaranda de Duero (10th–15th century).
Palace of the Counts of Miranda (16th century).
Jimeno's family pharmacy (17th century).
Collegiate church of St. Anne.
Justice pillar.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160214 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauchy-Lestr%C3%A9e | Sauchy-Lestrée | Sauchy-Lestrée is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.
Geography
Sauchy-Lestrée lies southeast of Arras, at the junction of the D21E and D15 roads.
Population
Places of interest
The church of St Ambert, rebuilt, as was much of the village, after World War I.
The Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemetery.
See also
Communes of the Pas-de-Calais department
References
External links
The CWGC cemetery
Sauchylestree |
13160218 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peral%20de%20Arlanza | Peral de Arlanza | Peral de Arlanza is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 223 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160224 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi%C3%A9rnigas | Piérnigas | Piérnigas is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 38 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160226 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breather%20surface | Breather surface | In differential geometry, a breather surface is a one-parameter family of mathematical surfaces which correspond to breather solutions of the sine-Gordon equation, a differential equation appearing in theoretical physics. The surfaces have the remarkable property that they have constant curvature , where the curvature is well-defined. This makes them examples of generalized pseudospheres.
Mathematical background
There is a correspondence between embedded surfaces of constant curvature -1, known as pseudospheres, and solutions to the sine-Gordon equation. This correspondence can be built starting with the simplest example of a pseudosphere, the tractroid. In a special set of coordinates, known as asymptotic coordinates, the Gauss–Codazzi equations, which are consistency equations dictating when a surface of prescribed first and second fundamental form can be embedded into three-dimensional space with the flat metric, reduce to the sine-Gordon equation.
In the correspondence, the tractroid corresponds to the static 1-soliton solution of the sine-Gordon solution. Due to the Lorentz invariance of sine-Gordon, a one-parameter family of Lorentz boosts can be applied to the static solution to obtain new solutions: on the pseudosphere side, these are known as Lie transformations, which deform the tractroid to the one-parameter family of surfaces known as Dini's surfaces.
The method of Bäcklund transformation allows the construction of a large number of distinct solutions to the sine-Gordon equation, the multi-soliton solutions. For example, the 2-soliton corresponds to the Kuen surface. However, while this generates an infinite family of solutions, the breather solutions are not among them.
Breather solutions are instead derived from the inverse scattering method for the sine-Gordon equation. They are localized in space but oscillate in time.
Each solution to the sine-Gordon equation gives a first and second fundamental form which satisfy the Gauss-Codazzi equations. The fundamental theorem of surface theory then guarantees that there is a parameterized surface which recovers the prescribed first and second fundamental forms. Locally the parameterization is well-behaved, but extended arbitrarily the resulting surface may have self-intersections and cusps. Indeed, a theorem of Hilbert says that any pseudosphere cannot be embedded regularly (roughly, meaning without cusps) into .
Parameterization
The parameterization with parameter is given by
References
External links
Xah Lee Web - Surface Gallery
Breather surface in Virtual Math Museum
Surfaces
Mathematics articles needing expert attention
Differential equations |
13160235 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pineda%20de%20la%20Sierra | Pineda de la Sierra | Pineda de la Sierra is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 127.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160242 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pineda%20Trasmonte | Pineda Trasmonte | Pineda Trasmonte is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 20 inhabitants.
References
External links
http://www.pinedatrasmonte.com/
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160247 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saudemont | Saudemont | Saudemont () is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.
Geography
Saudemont lies southeast of Arras, at the junction of the D39 and D13 roads. The A26 autoroute passes by at a distance of half a mile.
Population
Places of interest
The church of St. Léger, dating from the twelfth century.
See also
Communes of the Pas-de-Calais department
References
External links
Official website of the mairie of Saudemont
Communes of Pas-de-Calais |
13160251 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinilla%20de%20los%20Barruecos | Pinilla de los Barruecos | Pinilla de los Barruecos is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 133 inhabitants.
People from Pinilla de los Barruecos
Álvaro Antón Camarero (born 1983), professional footballer
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160257 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinilla%20de%20los%20Moros | Pinilla de los Moros | Pinilla de los Moros is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality had a population of 44 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160264 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinilla%20Trasmonte | Pinilla Trasmonte | Pinilla Trasmonte is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 214 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160270 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strega | Strega | Strega, the Italian word for witch, may refer to:
Strega, a group of pagan magic users who are part of the protectors of Venice in the Heirs of Alexandria series by Mercedes Lackey, Eric Flint, and Dave Freer
Stregheria, or the Strega tradition of modern Italian witchcraft
Other
, a fictional group of Persona Users in the game Persona 3
Strega (liqueur)
Strega (novel), by Andrew Vachss
Strega Prize, an Italian literary award
Strega, a P-51 Mustang that races at the Reno Air Races |
13160275 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tietgenkollegiet | Tietgenkollegiet | Tietgenkollegiet (English: Tietgen Student Hall), named for Danish financier C.F. Tietgen (1829-1901), is a student residence located in the Ørestad district of Copenhagen, Denmark.
The building has a conspicuous circular shape, inspired by traditional southern Chinese Hakka architecture, and is designed by Danish architects Lundgaard & Tranberg in 2006. The design has won it a RIBA European Award.
Architecture
The round building is seven stories high. Five vertical lines divide the building both visually and functionally into sections and also serve as continuous passages that provide access from outside to the central courtyard and to the different stories. The ground floor has common facilities: a café, auditorium, study and computer rooms, workshops, laundry, music and meeting rooms, and bicycle parking. The apartments are located on the other stories, 12 in each segment. All rooms face the façade and have a view of the surroundings. The common kitchens/auxiliary rooms, lounges, and terraces are located on the central court, bringing residents together.
Its concept focuses on how the accommodation can help encourage the personal and social development of the students. The courtyard, around which all common areas are located, reinforces the idea of community. It also enables the often monotonous student corridor to become not only spatially interesting but unending, linking all student 'houses' on each floor.
Rooms
There are 360 rooms, 10% of which have been designated for international exchange students. The building is circular, with 7 floors and rooms set up in blocks of 12. Each room has its own washroom and there are four sizes to the rooms: 26 sq. metres, 29 sq. metres, 33 sq. metres, and 42 sq. metres, approximately. Each block has shared kitchen and living room, with each living room having a unique set of furniture and other items.
Gallery
Literature
Pernille Stensgaard: Tietgenkollegiet; Nyt Nordisk Forlag (2007). .
Weston, Richard: Tietgen Dormitory - an imaginary journey around a real building; Edition Bløndal (2014). .
References
External links
Tietgenkollegiet home page
Tietgenkollegiet - pictures and facts on www.copenhagenx.dk
Residential buildings completed in 2006
University and college residential buildings in Copenhagen
2000s architecture in Denmark |
13160276 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poza%20de%20la%20Sal | Poza de la Sal | Poza de la Sal is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 387 inhabitants.
Main sights
Rojas castle (9th-15th century)
Salt evaporation ponds and Diapir - Salt extraction since the Ancient Rome times. The Diapir is the biggest one in Europe.
San Cosme y San Damián church (14th-18th century)
Notable residents
References
External links
http://pozadelasalcultura.blogspot.com.es/
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160282 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A1danos%20de%20Bureba | Prádanos de Bureba | Prádanos de Bureba is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 59 inhabitants.
References
Pedro CARASA, Historia de Prádanos de Bureba. Valladolid, 2000.
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160284 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music%20in%20the%20Tuileries | Music in the Tuileries | Music in the Tuileries is an 1862 oil-on-canvas painting by Édouard Manet. It is owned by the National Gallery, London and the Hugh Lane Gallery, Dublin as part of the shared Lane Bequest.
The work is an early example of Manet's painterly style, inspired by Frans Hals and Diego Velázquez, and it is a harbinger of his lifelong interest in the subject of leisure. The painting influenced Manet's contemporaries – such as Monet, Renoir and Bazille – to paint similar large groups of people.
The painting depicts the gatherings of Parisians at weekly concerts in the Tuileries gardens near the Louvre, although no musicians are depicted. While the picture was regarded as unfinished by some, the suggested atmosphere imparts a sense of what the Tuileries gardens were like at the time; one may imagine the music and conversation.
The iron chairs in the foreground had just replaced the wooden chairs in the garden in 1862. Manet has included several of his friends, artists, authors, and musicians who take part, and a self-portrait. Manet is depicted on the far left; next to him is another painter Albert de Balleroy. To their right, seated, is sculptor and critic Zacharie Astruc. Manet's brother Eugène Manet is in foreground, right of centre, with white trousers; the composer Jacques Offenbach with glasses and moustache sits against a tree to the right; critic Théophile Gautier stands against a tree in brown suit and full beard, while author Charles Baudelaire is to the left of Gautier. Henri Fantin-Latour is further left, with beard, looking at the viewer. The fair-haired child in the centre is Léon Leenhoff. It has been noted that several of those depicted were prominent French Wagnerians, and speculated that the music being played might be by Wagner himself.
The work measures . It was first exhibited in 1863, and Manet sold the painting to opera singer and collector Jean-Baptiste Faure in January of 1883, shortly before Manet's death. It was sold on to dealer Paul Durand-Ruel in 1898, and then to collector Sir Hugh Lane in 1903. After Lane's death, when RMS Lusitania was sunk in 1915, an unwitnessed codicil to his will left the painting to the Dublin City Gallery (now known as The Hugh Lane). The codicil was found to be invalid, and in 1917 a court case decided that his previous will left the work to the National Gallery in London. After intervention from the Irish government, the two galleries reached a compromise in 1959, agreeing to share the paintings, with half of the Lane Bequest lent and shown in Dublin every five years. The agreement was varied in 1993 so that 31 of the 39 paintings would stay in Ireland, and four of the remaining eight would be lent to Dublin for six years at a time.
Painting materials
The colors in greater areas of this painting are generally subdued and executed in ochres or in mixtures of several pigments. The dark green foliage in the upper part contains a glaze of emerald green and Scheele's green mixed with yellow lake with small addition of ivory black and yellow ochre. The strong colourful accents in the bonnets and clothes of the children are painted in almost pure pigments such as cobalt blue, vermilion or chrome orange.
Reception
Music in the Tuileries received substantial critical and public attention, most of it negative. In the words of one Manet biographer, "it is difficult for us to imagine the kind of fury Music in the Tuileries provoked when it was exhibited". By portraying Manet's social circle instead of classical heroes, historical icons, or gods, the painting could be interpreted as challenging the value of those subjects or as an attempt to elevate his contemporaries to the same level. The public, accustomed to the finely detailed brushwork of historical painters such as Ernest Meissonier, thought Manet's thick brushstrokes looked crude and unfinished. Angered by the subject matter and technique, several visitors even threatened to destroy the painting. One of Manet's idols, Eugène Delacroix, was of the painting's few defenders.
See also
List of paintings by Édouard Manet
1862 in art
Notes
References
Bibliography
External links
Manet's Music in the Tuileries Gardens, essay by Ben Pollitt, Smarthistory
Edouard Manet, Music in the Tuileries Garden, Colourlex
Paintings by Édouard Manet
1862 paintings
Paintings in the National Gallery, London
Paintings in Ireland
Cultural depictions of Charles Baudelaire |
13160291 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pradoluengo | Pradoluengo | Pradoluengo is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León in eastern Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 1,651 inhabitants.
Geography
The town is located at an altitude of 959m.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160299 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presencio | Presencio | Presencio is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 238 inhabitants. It contains the Church of San Andrés.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160306 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%20Puebla%20de%20Arganz%C3%B3n | La Puebla de Arganzón | La Puebla de Arganzón (also written Lapuebla de Arganzón) is a municipality located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. It is in the Comarca del Ebro and the Judicial district Miranda de Ebro. According to the INE, the municipality had a population of 529 inhabitants in 2009.
La Puebla de Arganzón and the adjacent municipality of Condado de Treviño together constitute the enclave of Treviño, part of the territory of Burgos, surrounded by the Basque province of Álava.
La Puebla de Arganzón has a surface area of with a population of 529 and a population density of .
The municipality of La Puebla de Arganzón is made up of two towns, the more important one sharing the name La Puebla de Arganzón; the other is Villanueva de la Oca, a small rural community.
There was older settlement named Arganzón, about a kilometre away from the present La Puebla. Its existence is cited as early as the year 871, but it disappeared in the 18th century.
The present Puebla de Arganzón was founded toward the end of the 12th century, at a time of border wars between the kingdoms of Castile and Navarre. It obtained a fuero establishing it as a community in 1191. According to José Joaquín de Landázuri, that fuero was granted by the Navarrese king Sancho VI ("Sancho el Sabio", "Sancho the Wise"), not by Alfonso VIII of Castile.
A large part of medieval La Puebla de Arganzón, a boat-shaped area that stretches from north to south, survives today, although new development has increased the size and population in recent years.
Demographic history
In fiction
The fictional liberal crusader Salvador Monsalud, hero of the ten books of the second series of Benito Pérez Galdós's Episodios Nacionales (written 1875–1879) was a native of La Puebla de Arganzón.
References
External links
Lapuebladearganzon.net
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos
Enclaves and exclaves |
13160311 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airborne%20Real-time%20Cueing%20Hyperspectral%20Enhanced%20Reconnaissance | Airborne Real-time Cueing Hyperspectral Enhanced Reconnaissance | Airborne Real-time Cueing Hyperspectral Enhanced Reconnaissance, also known by the acronym ARCHER, is an aerial imaging system that produces ground images far more detailed than plain sight or ordinary aerial photography can.
It is the most sophisticated unclassified hyperspectral imaging system available, according to U.S. Government officials.
ARCHER can automatically scan detailed imaging for a given signature of the object being sought (such as a missing aircraft), for abnormalities in the surrounding area, or for changes from previous recorded spectral signatures.
It has direct applications for search and rescue, counterdrug, disaster relief and impact assessment, and homeland security, and has been deployed by the Civil Air Patrol (CAP) in the US on the Australian-built Gippsland GA8 Airvan fixed-wing aircraft. CAP, the civilian auxiliary of the United States Air Force, is a volunteer education and public-service non-profit organization that conducts aircraft search and rescue in the US.
Overview
ARCHER is a daytime non-invasive technology, which works by analyzing an object's reflected light. It cannot detect objects at night, underwater, under dense cover, underground, under snow or inside buildings. The system uses a special camera facing down through a quartz glass portal in the belly of the aircraft, which is typically flown at a standard mission altitude of and 100 knots (50 meters/second) ground speed.
The system software was developed by Space Computer Corporation of Los Angeles and the system hardware is supplied by NovaSol Corp. of Honolulu, Hawaii specifically for CAP. The ARCHER system is based on hyperspectral technology research and testing previously undertaken by the United States Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL).
CAP developed ARCHER in cooperation with the NRL, AFRL and the United States Coast Guard Research & Development Center in the largest interagency project CAP has undertaken in its 74-year history.
Since 2003, almost US$5 million authorized under the 2002 Defense Appropriations Act has been spent on development and deployment. , CAP reported completing the initial deployment of 16 aircraft throughout the U.S. and training over 100 operators, but had only used the system on a few search and rescue missions, and had not credited it with being the first to find any wreckage.
In searches in Georgia and Maryland during 2007, ARCHER located the aircraft wreckage, but both accidents had no survivors, according to Col. Drew Alexa, director of advanced technology, and the ARCHER program manager at CAP. An ARCHER equipped aircraft from the Utah Wing of the Civil Air Patrol was used in the search for adventurer Steve Fossett in September 2007. ARCHER did not locate Mr. Fossett, but was instrumental in uncovering eight previously uncharted crash sites in the high desert area of Nevada,
some decades old.
Col. Alexa described the system to the press in 2007: "The human eye sees basically three bands of light. The ARCHER sensor sees 50. It can see things that are anomalous in the vegetation such as metal or something from an airplane wreckage." Major Cynthia Ryan of the Nevada Civil Air Patrol, while also describing the system to the press in 2007, stated, "ARCHER is essentially something used by the geosciences. It's pretty sophisticated stuff … beyond what the human eye can generally see," She elaborated further, "It might see boulders, it might see trees, it might see mountains, sagebrush, whatever, but it goes 'not that' or 'yes, that'. The amazing part of this is that it can see as little as 10 per cent of the target, and extrapolate from there."
In addition to the primary search and rescue mission, CAP has tested additional uses for ARCHER. For example, an ARCHER equipped CAP GA8 was used in a pilot project in Missouri in August 2005 to assess the suitability of the system for tracking hazardous material releases into the environment, and one was deployed to track oil spills in the aftermath of Hurricane Rita in Texas during September 2005.
Since then, in the case of a flight originating in Missouri, the ARCHER system proved its usefulness in October 2006, when it found the wreckage in Antlers, Okla. The National Transportation and Safety Board was extremely pleased with the data ARCHER provided, which was later used to locate aircraft debris spread over miles of rough, wooded terrain. In July 2007, the ARCHER system identified a flood-borne oil spill originating in a Kansas oil refinery, that extended downstream and had invaded previously unsuspected reservoir areas. The client agencies (EPA, Coast Guard, and other federal and state agencies) found the data essential to quick remediation. In September 2008, a Civil Air Patrol GA-8 from Texas Wing searched for a missing aircraft from Arkansas. It was found in Oklahoma, identified simultaneously by ground searchers and the overflying ARCHER system. Rather than a direct find, this was a validation of the system's accuracy and efficacy. In the subsequent recovery, it was found that the ARCHER plotted the debris area with great accuracy.
Technical description
The major ARCHER subsystem components include:
advanced hyperspectral imaging (HSI) system with a resolution of one square meter per pixel.
panchromatic high-resolution imaging (HRI) camera with a resolution of per pixel.
global positioning system (GPS) integrated with an inertial navigation system (INS)
Hyperspectral imager
The passive hyperspectral imaging spectroscopy remote sensor observes a target in multi-spectral bands. The HSI camera separates the image spectra into 52 "bins" from 500 nanometers (nm) wavelength at the blue end of the visible spectrum to 1100 nm in the infrared, giving the camera a spectral resolution of 11.5 nm. Although ARCHER records data in all 52 bands, the computational algorithms only use the first 40 bands, from 500 nm to 960 nm because the bands above 960 nm are too noisy to be useful. For comparison, the normal human eye will respond to wavelengths from approximately 400 to 700 nm, and is trichromatic, meaning the eye's cone cells only sense light in three spectral bands.
As the ARCHER aircraft flies over a search area, reflected sunlight is collected by the HSI camera lens. The collected light passes through a set of lenses that focus the light to form an image of the ground. The imaging system uses a pushbroom approach to image acquisition. With the pushbroom approach, the focusing slit reduces the image height to the equivalent of one vertical pixel, creating a horizontal line image.
The horizontal line image is then projected onto a diffraction grating, which is a very finely etched reflecting surface that disperses light into its spectra. The diffraction grating is specially constructed and positioned to create a two-dimensional (2D) spectrum image from the horizontal line image. The spectra are projected vertically, i.e., perpendicular to the line image, by the design and arrangement of the diffraction grating.
The 2D spectrum image projects onto a charge-coupled device (CCD) two-dimensional image sensor, which is aligned so that the horizontal pixels are parallel to the image's horizontal. As a result, the vertical pixels are coincident to the spectra produced from the diffraction grating. Each column of pixels receives the spectrum of one horizontal pixel from the original image. The arrangement of vertical pixel sensors in the CCD divides the spectrum into distinct and non-overlapping intervals. The CCD output consists of electrical signals for 52 spectral bands for each of 504 horizontal image pixels.
The on-board computer records the CCD output signal at a frame rate of sixty times each second. At an aircraft altitude of 2,500 ft AGL and a speed of 100 knots, a 60 Hz frame rate equates to a ground image resolution of approximately one square meter per pixel. Thus, every frame captured from the CCD contains the spectral data for a ground swath that is approximately one meter long and 500 meters wide.
High-resolution imager
A high-resolution imaging (HRI) black-and-white, or panchromatic, camera is mounted adjacent to the HSI camera to enable both cameras to capture the same reflected light. The HRI camera uses a pushbroom approach just like the HSI camera with a similar lens and slit arrangement to limit the incoming light to a thin, wide beam. However, the HRI camera does not have a diffraction grating to disperse the incoming reflected light. Instead, the light is directed to a wider CCD to capture more image data. Because it captures a single line of the ground image per frame, it is called a line scan camera. The HRI CCD is 6,144 pixels wide and one pixel high. It operates at a frame rate of 720 Hz. At ARCHER search speed and altitude (100 knots over the ground at 2,500 ft AGL) each pixel in the black-and-white image represents a 3 inch by 3 inch area of the ground. This high resolution adds the capability to identify some objects.
Processing
A monitor in the cockpit displays detailed images in real time, and the system also logs the image and Global Positioning System data at a rate of 30 gigabytes (GB) per hour for later analysis. The on-board data processing system performs numerous real-time processing functions including data acquisition and recording, raw data correction, target detection, cueing and chipping, precision image geo-registration, and display and dissemination of image products and target cue information.
ARCHER has three methods for locating targets:
signature matching where reflected light is matched to spectral signatures
anomaly detection using a statistical model of the pixels in the image to determine the probability that a pixel does not match the profile, and
change detection which executes a pixel-by-pixel comparison of the current image against ground conditions that were obtained in a previous mission over the same area.
In change detection, scene changes are identified, and new, moved or departed targets are highlighted for evaluation. In spectral signature matching, the system can be programmed with the parameters of a missing aircraft, such as paint colors, to alert the operators of possible wreckage. It can also be used to look for specific materials, such as petroleum products or other chemicals released into the environment, or even ordinary items like commonly available blue polyethylene tarpaulins. In an impact assessment role, information on the location of blue tarps used to temporarily repair buildings damaged in a storm can help direct disaster relief efforts; in a counterdrug role, a blue tarp located in a remote area could be associated with illegal activity.
References
External links
NovaSol Corp
Space Computer Corporation
Civil Air Patrol
Spectroscopy
Earth observation remote sensors |
13160316 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puentedura | Puentedura | Puentedura is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 119 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160322 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quemada | Quemada | Quemada is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2008 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 260 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160328 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintana%20del%20Pidio | Quintana del Pidio | Quintana del Pidio is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 180 inhabitants.
Economy
The core business of the locality is fundamentally agricultural, particularly wine growing, with important wineries, grain and livestock, especially ovine. It has the following 8 wineries:
Bodegas Casajús.
Cillar de Silos
Cooperativa Nuestra Señora de los Olmos
Pagos de Quintana
Marqués de Valparaíso
Valle de Monzón
Prado de Olmedo
Alto Miraltares
People from Quintana del Pidio
Ciriaco María Sancha y Hervás (1833–1909) - Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, who served as Archbishop of Toledo, Primate of Spain and Patriarch of the West Indies.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160332 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintanabureba | Quintanabureba | Quintanabureba is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 39 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160335 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saulchoy | Saulchoy | Saulchoy (; ) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.
Geography
Saulchoy is located 8 miles (12 km) southeast of Montreuil-sur-Mer at the junction of the D137E1 and D119 roads, by the banks of the river Authie, the border with the Somme department. There's both a bar and a restaurant on the village green.
Population
Places of interest
The church of St. Martin, dating from the fifteenth century
See also
Communes of the Pas-de-Calais department
References
Communes of Pas-de-Calais |
13160342 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintana%C3%A9lez | Quintanaélez | Quintanaélez is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 85 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160350 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintanaortu%C3%B1o | Quintanaortuño | Quintanaortuño is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 163 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160352 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheonan%E2%80%93Asan%20station | Cheonan–Asan station | Cheonan–Asan station is a ground-level train station located mostly in Asan, Chungcheongnam-do, although part of it lies in the neighboring city of Cheonan. This station serves high-speed KTX trains that run from Seoul to either Busan or Mokpo. It is connected to (and it is possible to transfer to trains which stop at) Asan station, a railway station on the Janghang Line which is also served by Line 1 of the Seoul Subway.
History
The location of Cheonan–Asan was finalised on June 14, 1993, though construction did not begin until July 22, 1996. The planned name of "Onyangoncheon" was changed to "Cheonan–Asan" on November 20, 2003, and the station building was completed on March 27 the following year. The station opened for business four days later, on April 1, 2004.
On March 30, 2007, Asan station was opened as a transfer station on the Janghang Line, soon to be integrated into the latest extension of Line 1 of the Seoul Subway.
Services
Cheonan–Asan station serves select KTX trains on the Gyeongbu High Speed Railway and Honam High Speed Railway lines. (KTX services calling at Suwon do not pass through Cheonan–Asan, and not all KTX trains that do pass through will stop at this station).
Station layout
Gallery
See also
Transportation in South Korea
Korail
KTX
References
External links
Cheonan–Asan Station on Doas
Korea Train eXpress
Route Map
Cheonan–Asan station information from Korail
Railway stations in South Chungcheong Province
Korea Train Express stations
Railway stations in South Korea opened in 2004 |
13160357 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill%20Krisher | Bill Krisher | William Irwin Krisher (born September 18, 1935) is an American former professional football player who was a guard in the National Football League (NFL) and American Football League (AFL). He played college football for the Oklahoma Sooners, earning All-American honors in 1956 and 1957. Krisher played two seasons in the AFL from 1960 to 1961 for the Dallas Texans. He was named All-AFL in 1960 and an AFL Western Division All-Star in 1961.
See also
List of American Football League players
1935 births
Living people
American football offensive guards
Dallas Texans (AFL) players
Oklahoma Sooners football players
Pittsburgh Steelers players
All-American college football players
American Football League All-Star players
People from Perry, Oklahoma
Sportspeople from Oklahoma County, Oklahoma
Players of American football from Oklahoma |
13160359 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintanapalla | Quintanapalla | Quintanapalla is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 116 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160366 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintanar%20de%20la%20Sierra | Quintanar de la Sierra | Quintanar de la Sierra is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 1,896 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160376 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintanavides | Quintanavides | Quintanavides is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 118 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160379 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saulty | Saulty | Saulty (; ) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.
Geography
Saulty lies southwest of Arras, at the junction of the D26 and D79 roads.
Population
Places of interest
The chateau.
The church of St.Léger, dating from the sixteenth century.
Traces of an old castle.
See also
Communes of the Pas-de-Calais department
References
Communes of Pas-de-Calais |
13160382 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintanilla%20de%20la%20Mata | Quintanilla de la Mata | Quintanilla de la Mata is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 157 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160392 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintanilla%20del%20Agua%20y%20Tordueles | Quintanilla del Agua y Tordueles | Quintanilla del Agua y Tordueles is a municipality located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 582 inhabitants. Its seat is in Quintanilla del Agua.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160394 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Making%20Fiends | Making Fiends | Making Fiends is a cartoon by Amy Winfrey which has had two incarnations:
Making Fiends (web cartoon), an online animated series (2003-2017).
Making Fiends (TV series), a televised version of the above which premiered in 2008. |
13160400 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duagh | Duagh | Duagh () is a village in County Kerry, Ireland, located approximately 7 km southeast of Listowel and 7 km northwest of Abbeyfeale on the R555 road. It is also a civil parish and townland.
Duagh is a dormitory village for Listowel and Abbeyfeale and a local service centre for the rural hinterland. There is one shop, three public houses, two housing estates, a hardware store and petrol station/shop which are located on the village's only street at the centre of the village. Social facilities include a church and heritage/community hall and a Gaelic Athletic Association Club located at the centre of the village. The local primary school is also located in the village centre.
Population
The population of the Duagh Electoral Division increased during the intercensal period 1996–2002. In 2002 the population was recorded as 469 persons (CSO). This equates to an increase of 4.5%. Preliminary figures for the 2006 census show this increase slowing to 3%.
In 1837 the village had a population of 210. As of the 2016 census, the village had 222 inhabitants.
Education
St. Bridgid's National School opened in Duagh in 1971, to take the place of five smaller schools in the parish which were closed. The five schools closed were Duagh, Islandanny, Derrindaffe, Dromlegach and Knockalougha.
Transport
Bus Éireann route 13, which operates between Limerick and Tralee several times a day, stops at Duagh. There is also a Local Link bus service on Fridays.
Sport
The village is home to Duagh GAA club which owns of a playing field.
Duagh's first county championship came in 2002 when they won the Kerry Novice Football Championship. In 2006 they won the Kerry Junior Football Championship, and went on to win the Munster Junior Club Football Championship. Duagh then reached the All-Ireland Junior Club Football Championship final, but lost by a single point to Greencastle of County Tyrone in Croke Park. Duagh players who have formerly played with Kerry's senior county panel include Anthony Maher, Dan MacAuliffe and Kieran Quirke. Duagh GAA club won the North Kerry Football 2012 Championship final beating Beale GAA club. This was their first win in 50 years.
Media
The village and its surrounding area were used as one of the filming locations for the Game of Thrones series. This included some of the wooded scenes from season 1 and 2.
See also
List of towns and villages in Ireland
References
Towns and villages in County Kerry
Civil parishes of County Kerry
Townlands of County Kerry |
13160401 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasewitz | Glasewitz | Glasewitz is a municipality in the Rostock district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.
References |
13160404 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20of%20Whithorn | John of Whithorn | John of Whithorn (died 1209) was the medieval Bishop of Galloway. His first appearance as bishop-elect is at the coronation of Richard, Cœur de Lion as King of the English at Westminster Abbey on 3 September 1189. He was consecrated at Pipewell Abbey, Northamptonshire, on Sunday 17 September 1189.
The consecration was performed by the Archbishop of Dublin, the Archbishop of Trier, and the Bishop of Annaghdown, and took place despite the fact that there was a formal vacancy in the Archbishopric of York. Geoffrey Plantagenet was Archbishop-elect of York at the time, and John in fact ordained him as a priest, despite the opposition of the Archbishop of Canterbury, who wished to use the opportunity to force York to make obedience to Canterbury as Primate.
During his ten-year episcopate John appeared often in England as a suffragan of the Archbishop of York, for instance, accompanying the archbishop to a church council held by King Richard in 1191. In Scotland, he witnessed one charter of Alan of Galloway and was appointed a judge-delegate by the papacy in a patronage-related dispute in the diocese of Glasgow. He was believed to have become a canon at Holyrood Abbey in 1206. The Chronicle of Melrose reported his death under the year 1209.
Notes
References
Dowden, John, The Bishops of Scotland, ed. J. Maitland Thomson, (Glasgow, 1912)
Keith, Robert, An Historical Catalogue of the Scottish Bishops: Down to the Year 1688, (London, 1924)
Oram, Richard, The Lordship of Galloway, (Edinburgh, 2000)
Watt, D. E. R., Fasti Ecclesiae Scoticanae Medii Aevi ad annum 1638, 2nd Draft, (St Andrews, 1969)
12th-century births
Year of birth unknown
1209 deaths
12th-century Scottish Roman Catholic bishops
13th-century Scottish Roman Catholic bishops
Augustinian canons
Bishops of Galloway (pre-Reformation) |
13160405 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintanilla%20del%20Coco | Quintanilla del Coco | Quintanilla del Coco is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2015 census (INE), the municipality had a population of 10.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160412 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintanilla%20San%20Garc%C3%ADa | Quintanilla San García | Quintanilla San García is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2013 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 101 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160416 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gro%C3%9F%20Roge | Groß Roge | Groß Roge is a municipality in the Rostock district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.
References |
13160421 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quintanilla%20Vivar | Quintanilla Vivar | Quintanilla Vivar (formerly known as Quintanilla Morocisla) is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain.
The village of Vivar del Cid, reputed birthplace of El Cid, is included in the municipality.
Demography
According to the 2009 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 741 inhabitants.
People from Quintanilla Vivar
Ireneo García Alonso (1923-2012) - Bishop of Albacete of the Roman Catholic Church.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160422 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controlled%20permeability%20formwork | Controlled permeability formwork | Controlled Permeability Formwork (CPF) is a system proven to significantly enhance the durability of surface concrete during the casting process.
The need for CPF
All concretes cast against wood or steel in the concrete cover zone, have a reduced cement content and increased water/cement ratio (i.e. less dense and more porous) compared to concrete located beyond the reinforcement. Within the core of any structural element the matrix is generally a denser and of better quality compared to the surface as a direct result of the concrete compaction. This compaction process drives excess mix air and water within the cover zone towards the formed surfaces.
As conventional wood or steel formwork is impermeable, the migration within the mix ceases as the concrete/formwork interface is reached. Visually, this may be observed on all concrete surfaces through the presence of blowholes following formwork removal.
This is a problem because the first line of defence of all structural elements against carbonatation, chlorides, frost and abrasion, is the cover zone. It is therefore imperative this region is durable.
CPF liners
CPF liners are typically constructed of 100% polypropylene fibres, spun and thermally bonded, with a woven texture of 0.7 mm thickness. Some systems may be laminated to a plastic latticed net to ensure drainage whilst providing stiffness to the liner.
They are robust and chemically inert and may be supplied in rolls of varying length to construction sites.
Basic elements of CPF systems
The basic elements of CPF systems are:
Filter - to allow the passage of water and air away from the fresh concrete but retain cement and other fine solids.
Drain - which transfers air and water from the filter to outside the formwork.
Structural support - this is the formwork which supports the filter and drainage elements and also maintains the required formwork profile and resists the concrete pressure, commonly plywood/structural timber.
How cpf liners work
CPF liners are secured in place on vertical or inclined surfaces with staples or other fixing devices, having first been tensioned onto the formwork shuttering. Once attached, concreting is performed in the normal way. Release agents are not required as CPF liners easily debond from the concrete during formwork striking.
Throughout the concreting process and as a result of concrete pressures, entrapped air and excess mix water that would otherwise become trapped at the surface causing blemishes, can instead pass through the liner. A proportion of this mix water is held within the liner and under capillary action, imbibes back into the concrete to assist curing. Liners generally have a pore structure that is designed to retain the majority of cement and other small fines.
This results (for vertical and inclined surfaces) in the creation of a uniform surface relatively free from blowholes and other surface blemishes when compared to impermeable concrete. But more importantly the achievement of a cover area with significantly enhanced durability.
Articles, papers and reports on CPF
Anon., Liner that lets it breathe, Building, 14 February 1992, p. 47.
Anon., Formwork methods and systems, Concrete, July 1990, Vol 24, No 7, pp. 21–24.
Anon., Mersey overflows with quality concrete, Concrete, March/April 1994, p. 32.
Anon., Concrete in war against germs, Concrete, January/February, 1995, p. 19.
Anon., Zemdrain is new Broom, Concrete, January/February, 1995, p. 51.
Anon., The River Dee Estuary Bridge, Concrete, May/June, 1996, pp. 8–10.
Anon., Zemdrain is awarded BBA Certificate, Concrete, May/June, 1996, p. 47.
Anon., Liner comes first in protection test, Construction Weekly, 12 February 1992.
Anon., Liner does well in surface tests, Construction Weekly, 1 September 1993.
Anon., Stopping the rot before it begins. Highways, July 1993, pp. 6, 9.
Anon., Permeable forms show promise. New Civil Engineer, 20 June 1991, p. 8.
Annie Peter, J. and Chitharanjan, N. Evaluation of indigenous filter fabrics for use in Controlled Permeable Formwork, Indian Concrete Journal April 1995, pp. 215–219.
Bamforth, P.B. and Price, W.F. Factors influencing chloride ingress into marine structures. Proceedings of the International Conference, Concrete 2000, Economic and Durable Construction Through Excellence, Vol 2, E & F N Spon, London, September, 1993, pp. 1105–1118.
Barfoot, J. Heavily-anchored retaining walls on Okehampton Bypass. Concrete, February, 1988, pp. 24–26.
Barfoot, J. Controlled Permeability Formwork. Concrete, March/April, 1991, pp. 12–13
Basheer, P.A.M. and Rankin, G.I.B. In-situ evaluation of surface properties cast using Zemdrain formwork liner at Dock street bridge, Belfast. Internal report to Du pont De Nemours, Luxembourg, Report No - TAS 131, April, 1992, p. 10, (Unpublished).
Basheer, P.A.M, Sha’at, A.A, Long, A.E. and Montgomery, F.R. Influence of Controlled Permeability Formwork on the durability of concrete. Proceedings of the International Conference, Concrete 2000, Economic and Durable Construction Through Excellence, Vol 1, E & F N Spon, London, September, 1993, pp. 737–748.
Basheer, P.A.M, Sha’at, A.A, Long, A.E. Controlled Permeability Formwork: Influence on carbonation and chloride ingress in concrete. Proceedings of Concrete under Severe Conditions, Environment and loading, Vol. 2, (Ed K Sakai, N Banthia and O E Gjorv), E & F N Spon, 1995, pp. 1205–1215.
British Cement Association. BCA investigates Hybrid permanent formwork. BCA bulletin Issue No. 13, February 1992, p. 3.
Department of Trade and Industry. Controlled Permeability Formwork, paper No.8, formwork practice in Japan. Report on an overseas Science and Technology Expert Mission, London, October 1989, pp. 29–32.
Duggan, T. Enhancing concrete durability using Controlled Permeability Formwork. 17th Conference on Our World in Concrete and Structures, Singapore, August, 1992. pp. 57–62.
Du Pont De Nemours. Formwork liner for long life concrete, Concrete May/June 1992
Harrison, T.A. Hi-tech concrete leads Japanese dam bids. New Civil Engineer, 1 February 1990, p. 22.
Harrison, T.A. Introducing Controlled Permeability Formwork. Concrete Quarterly, British Cement Association, Summer 1990, pp. 6–7.
Harrison, T.A. Introducing Controlled Permeability Formwork. Increase concrete durability in the cover zone, Concrete Construction, Vol. 36, No. 2, 1991, pp. 198–202.
Jaung, J.D., Harai, K. and Mihashi, H. Improvement of concrete properties related to durability by means of permeable forms; In “Quality control of concrete structures”, Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium, 12–14 June, Ghent, Spon, London, pp. 287–296.
Kasai, Y., Motoshi, N., Sato, K. And Suga, K. Study on the evaluation of concrete quality prepared with permeable forms and plywood forms. Transactions of the Japan Concrete Institute, Vol 10, 1988, pp. 59–66.
Kasai, Y., Nagano, M., Sato, K. and Motoshi, N. Comparison of cement contents of concrete surface prepared in permeable form and conventional form; Cement Association of Japan, Review of the 42nd General Meeting, Technical Session, Tokyo, May, 1988, pp. 298–301.
Lamberton, B.A. Fabric forms for concrete, Concrete International, December 1989, pp. 58–67.
Long, A.E., Basheer, P.A.M. and Callahan, A. Controlled Permeability Formwork. Construction Repair Magazine, November–December, 1992, pp. 36–40.
Long, A.E. Selected results based on laboratory tests on Zemdrain. Internal report for Queen’s University, Belfast, Undated.
Long, A.E., Sha’at, A.A. and Basheer, P.A.M. The influence of Controlled Permeability Formwork on the Durability and Transport Properties of Near Surface Concrete. ACI, SP,154-3, 1995, pp. 41–54.
Long, A. E., A. A. Sha'at, F. R. Montgomery and P. A. M. Basheer, "A controlled permeability formwork – its influence on chloride ingress in concrete under various environmental conditions", Proceedings of Conference on Structural Materials in Marine Environments, The Royal Society, London, Eds:, Vol. The Institute of Materials, 1994, 11-12 May, pp 289-309
Long, A.E., Basheer, P.A.M., Brady, P. and McCauley, A. A Comparative study of three types of Controlled Permeability Formwork liners. Proceedings of the International conference Concrete in the Service of Mankind, University of Dundee, 24–28 June 1996, pp. 273–280.
Montgomery, F. R., A. A. Sha'at and P. A. M. Basheer, "A controlled permeability formwork liner - its effects onsurface absorption and permeability of concrete", Proceedings, 2nd International Conference on Inspection, Appraisal, Repairs and Maintenance of Building and Structures, Jakarta, Indonesia, Eds:, Vol. CI-Premier Conference, Singapore, 1992, 28-29 September, pp 137-141.
Marosszeky, M., Chew, M., Arioka, M. and Peck, P. Textile method to improve concrete durability. Concrete International, November, 1993, pp. 37–42.
Pallet, P.F. Controlled Permeability Formwork. British Cement Association report, September, 1993, p. 14.
Price, W.F. The use of Zemdrain CPF on the resistance to chloride penetration of concretes exposed to salt spray condition in hot climates; Technical Report No. 1303/92/6335, Taywood Engineering Ltd, R&D Division, September, 1992,(unpublished).
Price, W.F. The effect of Zemdrain Controlled Permeability Formwork on the frost resistance of concrete. Technical report. Taywood Engineering R&D, Report No - 1303/92/6349, October, 1992, p. 13, (unpublished).
Price, W.F. The improvement of concrete durability using controlled permeability formwork. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference “Structural Faults Repairs, Vol 2, 1993, pp. 233–238.
Price, W.F. Two examples of high performance concrete in practice, Part 2, Quality Concrete, May, 1995, pp. 127–130.
Price, W.F. and Widdows, S.J. The effects of permeable formwork on the surface properties of concrete. Magazine of Concrete Research, Vol 43, No. 155, June, 1991, pp. 93–104.
Price, W.F. and Widdows, S.J. Durability of concrete in hot climates: Benefits from permeable formwork, Proceedings of the 3rd International RILEM Symposium on Concrete in Hot Climates, (Ed M J Walker), Torquay, 21–24 September 1992, pp. 207–220.
Rankin, G.I.B. In-situ evaluation of silane treated concrete cast using Zemdrain formwork liner at Dock street bridge, Belfast. Internal report to Du pont De Nemours, Luxembourg, Report No - TAS 139, June, 1992, p. 8, (Unpublished).
Reddi, S.A. Permeable formwork for impermeable concrete. Indian Concrete Journal, January, 1992, pp. 31–35.
Roper, H. Discussion on the paper The effects of permeable formwork on the surface properties of concrete by W.F. Price, and S.J.Widdows. Magazine of Concrete Research, Vol 45, No. 163, June, 1993, p. 155.
Serafini, F.L. Corrosion protection of concrete using a Controlled Permeability Formwork (CPF) system; Proceedings of the International conference Corrosion and Corrosion Protection of Steel in Concrete (Ed R. Narayan Swamy), Sheffield, Vol. 2, 24–28 July 1994, pp. 1114–1131.
Sha’at, A.A, Long, A.E., Montgomery, F.R. and Basheer, P.A.M. The influence of Controlled Permeability Formwork liner on the quality of cover concrete. ACI, SP, 139-6, 1993. pp. 91–105.
Sha'at, A. A., A. E. Long, P. A. M. Basheer and F. R. Montgomery, "The influence of Zemdrain as a permeable formwork liner on the quality of cover concrete, Report for DuPont Nemours (Germany)", Report No. SMRG- 09-1992, Structural Materials Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, 1992, May, 83 pp
Sha'at, A. A., A. E. Long, P. A. M. Basheer and F. R. Montgomery, "The influence of controlled permeability formwork on chloride ion penetration in concrete, Report to DuPont Nemours (Luxembourg)", Report No. SMRG-11-1993, Structural Materials Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, 1993, October, 14 pp
Sha'at, A. A., P. A. M. Basheer, A. E. Long and F. R. Montgomery, "Reliability of the Accelerated Chloride Migration Test as a Measure of Chloride Diffusivity in Concrete", Proceedings, International Conference on Corrosion and Corrosion Protection of Steel in Concrete, University of Sheffield, Eds: R.N. Swamy, Vol. Sheffield Academic Press, 1994, 24-29 July, pp 446-460.
Simons, A. Formwork an International Overview, Concrete March/April 1991, pp. 8–11.
Sprigenschmidit, R. and Fleischer, W. Shutter liners for the improvement of near surface layer of concrete, Betonwerk + Fertigeil-technik (Concrete Precasting Plant and Technology), No 11, 1990, pp. 78–82.
Tanaka, K. and Ikeda, H. Improvement of surface quality concrete structures by unique formwork, International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE) Symposium, Zurich, Vol 55, 1987, pp. 345–351.
Wilson, D. Controlled Permeability Formwork (CPF), Concrete, March/April, 1994, pp. 20–22.
Wilson, D. A review of the use of Controlled Permeability Formwork (CPF) systems; Proceedings of the International conference Corrosion and Corrosion Protection of Steel in Concrete (Ed R. Narayan Swamy), Vol. 2, Sheffield, 24–28 July 1994, pp. 1132–1141.
Wilson. D. and Serafini. FL. Controlled Permeability Formwork, Proceedings of the International conference Concrete in the Service of Mankind, Vol 4, E & F N spon, London, 24–28 June 1996, pp. 281–290.
Casting (manufacturing) |
13160430 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gro%C3%9F%20Schwiesow | Groß Schwiesow | Groß Schwiesow is a municipality in the Rostock district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is located to the northwest of the city of Güstrow.
References |
13160431 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las%20Quintanillas | Las Quintanillas | Las Quintanillas is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2022 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 380 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160437 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabanera%20del%20Pinar | Rabanera del Pinar | Rabanera del Pinar is a municipality located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 141 inhabitants.
Rabanera del Pinar is a place with a paleobotanical interest, and is home to a large pine forest of Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine).
References
External links
Rabanera del Pinar
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160442 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob%20Fioretti | Bob Fioretti | Robert William Fioretti (born March 8, 1953) is an American attorney and politician who served as an alderman in the Chicago City Council for the 2nd Ward, which included portions of Bronzeville, East Garfield Park, Illinois Medical District, Little Italy, Loop, Near West Side, Prairie District, South Loop, University Village, Westhaven, and West Loop. Fioretti first won election as alderman in 2007 and was re-elected in 2011. He also served as 2nd Ward Democratic Committeeman for two terms, which is a position in the Cook County Democratic Party.
When ward boundaries were re-drawn after the 2010 Census, the original area in the 2nd ward was divided into several wards, and Fioretti did not run for re-election. Since leaving City Council, Fioretti has unsuccessfully run for several other elected offices.
Background/education
Fioretti was born and raised in Chicago's Pullman and Roseland neighborhoods. He is the son of a Polish-American mother and an Italian immigrant father who moved to Chicago and worked for the Pullman train car company. Fioretti attended St. Anthony's Grammar School and Mendel High School on the South Side of Chicago. He received a Pullman Foundation scholarship to attend the University of Illinois, where he studied political science and served as student body president.
Fioretti earned his J.D. degree from Northern Illinois University College of Law, where he remains a member of the adjunct faculty. He serves on the Law School Alumni Council and the NIU Board of Visitors. He previously served as president of the NIU National Alumni Association from 2000 to 2004. During his tenure as president, Fioretti oversaw the establishment of a Chicago alumni office, the formation of a quarterly alumni magazine, and the creation of the Barsema Alumni Center on campus, created the law student travel overseas program, and helped establish a scholarship endowment program. Fioretti also served as president of the NIU College of Law Alumni Council.
Personal life
Fioretti currently lives on Chicago’s Near West Side, with his wife, Nicki.
Fioretti survived throat cancer, which he was diagnosed with in late-2010. In 2019 Fioretti published, "My Cancer Journey: In Seven Parts." Fioretti described the book by stating, "You now belong to a club where no one wants to be a member. Words no one wants to hear. But there is nothing you negotiate to get out of it once it happens to you. My Cancer Journey chronicles what I, and my wife, Nicki, went through from my diagnosis to treatment, recovery and our new normal today."
Legal career
Fioretti, a civil rights lawyer, is a partner in the law firm Roth Fioretti LLC in Chicago, where he practices governmental law and complex litigation. He has litigated cases before federal and state administrative law judges as well as in the state and federal courts. He is a former Senior Supervising Attorney of the General Litigation Division for the Corporation Counsel for the City of Chicago, working with Mayor Harold Washington during the time of Council Wars. Fioretti has been appointed in numerous cases as a Special Assistant Attorney General of Illinois and a Special Assistant State's Attorney.
In 2006 Fioretti was the attorney for LaFonso Rollins, a young African American sentenced to 75 years in jail for rape. Rollins had spent 11 years in prison before being exonerated in 2004 by DNA testing. He was awarded a $9 million settlement in a wrongful conviction lawsuit against the City of Chicago.
He represented the family of Baby Tamia in an interstate adoption case that led to changes in Illinois adoption law. This adoption case spurred legislation in Illinois, providing sweeping protections for birth parents and established the state as a model for adoption reform. Previously Illinois adoption law has been discriminatory against poor families of color involved in the adoption process.
In 2022, Fioretti successfully represented Dolton, Illinois Mayor Tiffany Henyard in her lawsuit to block the certification of an recall election against her. A Cook County Circuit Court judge ruled that it was improper to, on the same ballot, ask both whether the town should create a previously-nonexistent recall mechanism and whether it should use said mechanism to remove Henyard.
Aldermanic career
In 2007, Fioretti ran for Alderman of Chicago's 2nd Ward, challenging 14-year incumbent Madeline Haithcock. He secured the most votes in the February primary and forced a run-off with Haithcock. In the run-off, Fioretti defeated Haithcock, by nearly a two-to-one margin. Fioretti took office on May 21, 2007. In 2011, Fioretti was re-elected to a second term. Following that election, Fioretti's colleagues. along with the Mayor, agreed to a re-districting map that left Fioretti with none of his original ward. Fioretti was one of only two Aldermen to so lose their ward. Fioretti subsequently chose to run for election as Mayor.
Fioretti had come into conflict with mayor Rahm Emanuel many times, including over siding with a successful resistance to Emanuel's efforts to move the water fee exemption for some nonprofits and religious groups in the city's budget and unsuccessfully opposing the licensing of rideshare companies such as Uber and Lyft.
Education and jobs
Since taking office, Fioretti has prioritized education and job creation in his legislative agenda. Fioretti has attempted to improve the Chicago Public School system, working closely with administrators to solve issues both in and out of the classroom. In 2008, Fioretti helped to create "Operation Safe Passage," an initiative designed to protect students on the way to and from school that coordinated the resources of the Chicago Police Department, the CTA, local faith-based institutions, and families. Fioretti supported the expansion of Jones College Prep High School and oversaw Roosevelt University's expansion into Chicago's South Loop. In 2011, Fioretti won the "Defender of Public Education" Award from the Chicago Teachers Union, AFT Local 1 for his efforts at modernizing and sustaining neighborhood schools.
Fioretti has facilitated the creation and preservation of jobs in Chicago. He supported the relocation of the United Airlines headquarters, bringing approximately 2,500 jobs from Elk Grove to Chicago. Fioretti also led the effort to renovate and expand the Chicago Mercantile Exchange to keep the world's largest futures and options exchange as an anchor of Chicago's financial district.
Fioretti has also led efforts to combat the problem of "food deserts" on Chicago's West Side by working to bring low-cost food retailers into previously under-served neighborhoods. Pete's Fresh Market, Target, and Costco have agreed to open new locations within the 2nd Ward, providing food retailers and jobs to West Side residents.
Parks
For his efforts to improve and expand parks in the 2nd Ward, Fioretti received the 2009 "Legislator of the Year" award from Friends of the Parks, a non-profit, Chicago-based park advocacy group. During his tenure as alderman, Fioretti has budgeted city resources to open several new parks in the 2nd Ward.
However, he alienated parks groups when he voted to allow the Chicago Children's Museum to relocate to Grant Park. That move was later challenged in court and Mayor Daley later withdrew the plan and the museum remained at Navy Pier.
Council activities
Fioretti served on five committees in Chicago's city council: Environmental Protection & Public Utilities, Health, License & Consumer Protection, Rules & Ethics, and Special Events.
Pursuits of higher office
Chicago mayoral candidacies
Fioretti twice ran for Mayor of Chicago. Fioretti had originally been considering a bid for mayor in the 2011 Chicago mayoral election, but canceled these plans after his diagnosis with throat cancer. He would later run in next two mayoral elections (2015 and 2019).
2015 mayoral campaign
Fioretti was an unsuccessful candidate in the 2015 Chicago mayoral election.
Fioretti enjoyed support from former Chicago Bears coach Mike Ditka and withdrawn candidate Amara Enyia, as well as endorsements from the Chicago Police Sergeants Association, the Green Party of Chicago, and the Progressive Caucus of the Chicago City Council.
Fioretti ultimately placed fourth of five candidates in the initial round of the election, with 35,363 votes, equal to 7.39% of the overall vote. Having been eliminated, Fioretti endorsed Rahm Emanuel in the runoff.
2019 mayoral campaign
On November 26, 2018, Fioretti announced his candidacy for mayor in the 2019 election to replace Rahm Emanuel. He was again unsuccessful in his pursuit of Chicago mayoralty. Fioretti placed twelfth of fourteen candidates, with 4,302 votes, equal to 0.77% of the overall vote.
Cook County offices
2018 Cook County Board President campaign
In November 2017, he announced that he would challenge incumbent Toni Preckwinkle for the Democratic nomination for President of the Cook County Board of Commissioners. Fioretti lost to Preckwinkle in the March 20, 2018 Democratic primary.
2020 Cook County State's Attorney campaign
Fioretti was one of several candidates challenging incumbent Cook County State's Attorney Kim Foxx in the 2020 Democratic primary. He confirmed his candidacy to the Chicago Tribune on November 22, 2019, and formally announced his candidacy on December 2, 2019. His candidacy was endorsed by Fraternal Order of Police Chicago Lodge #7. He placed fourth in the primary.
2022 Cook County Board President campaign
Fioretti ran as the Republican nominee for President of the Cook County Board of Commissioners, once again challenging Preckwinkle, whom he lost to in the 2018 Democratic primary for the seat. Fioretti once again was defeated by Preckwinkle.
2024 Cook County State's Attorney campaign
Fioretti is running for Cook County State's Attorney again, as the lone Republican candidate.
State Senate
In 2016, Fioretti unsuccessfully challenged incumbent Patricia Van Pelt for the Democratic nomination for the 5th district of Illinois Senate.
Electoral history
References
External links
Robert Fioretti Aldermanic website
1953 births
Chicago City Council members
Illinois Democrats
Illinois lawyers
Living people
Northern Illinois University alumni
American people of Italian descent |
13160444 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gro%C3%9F%20Wokern | Groß Wokern | Groß Wokern is a municipality in the Rostock district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.
References |
13160447 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1banos | Rábanos | Rábanos is a municipality and town of northern Spain, Autonomous Community of Castile and León, province of Burgos, Shire of Montes de Oca, sub-shire of Tirón-Rioja Burgalesa.
According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 120 inhabitants (Alarcia town: 82, Rábanos town: 18 and Villamudria village: 20)
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160456 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savy-Berlette | Savy-Berlette | Savy-Berlette is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.
Geography
Savy-Berlette lies northwest of Arras, at the junction of the D74, D76 and D82 roads.
Population
Places of interest
The eighteenth-century chapel and cemetery portal.
The church of St.Martin, dating from the sixteenth century.
The eighteenth-century chateau de Berlette.
See also
Communes of the Pas-de-Calais department
References
Savyberlette |
13160457 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rab%C3%A9%20de%20las%20Calzadas | Rabé de las Calzadas | Rabé de las Calzadas is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality had a population of 154 inhabitants.
History
Camino de Santiago, entrance to the town after crossing the Urbel river.
The 20 of February of 1085, King Alfonso VI donated the village to the Hospital of the Emperor, located in the city of Burgos, district of San Pedro de la Fuente and in 1128 Alfonso VII donated to the hospital with all their belongings to the mitra from Burgos, since which time the bishops and archbishops of Burgos held their ownership.
Its name may have its origin from Roman times, since a large number of Roman roads passed through this municipality.
Rabé de Las Calzadas in the movies
2005 : Saint-Jacques... La Mecque de Coline Serreau
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160465 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gro%C3%9F%20W%C3%BCstenfelde | Groß Wüstenfelde | Groß Wüstenfelde is a municipality in the Rostock district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.
References |
13160466 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rebolledo%20de%20la%20Torre | Rebolledo de la Torre | Rebolledo de la Torre is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 167 inhabitants.
See also
Páramos (comarca)
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160474 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redecilla%20del%20Camino | Redecilla del Camino | Redecilla del Camino is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 148 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160478 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BClzow-Pr%C3%BCzen | Gülzow-Prüzen | Gülzow-Prüzen is a municipality in the Rostock district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.
References |
13160481 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redecilla%20del%20Campo | Redecilla del Campo | Redecilla del Campo is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 79 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160486 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hohen%20Demzin | Hohen Demzin | Hohen Demzin is a municipality in the Rostock district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.
References |
13160488 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclura%20cychlura%20cychlura | Cyclura cychlura cychlura | The Andros Island iguana or Andros iguana (Cyclura cychlura cychlura) is an endangered subspecies of Northern Bahamian rock iguana of the genus Cyclura that is found on Andros Island on the western edge of Grand Bahama. Its status is Endangered, with a wild population of 3,500 animals, and it can be found on the IUCN Red List.
Taxonomy
The Andros Island iguana, Cyclura cychlura cychlura, is endemic to the island of Andros. It is one of three subspecies of the Northern Bahamian rock iguana; the other two subspecies being Allen's Cay iguana (Cyclura cychlura inornata) and the Exuma Island iguana
(Cyclura cychlura figginsi).
Anatomy and morphology
The Andros Island iguana is one of the largest species of rock iguana which attains a total length of close to . Its coloration is dark-gray to black, with yellowish green or orange tinged scales on the legs, dorsal crest, and the head. When the animal matures, the yellow coloration changes to a bright reddish orange color in contrast to the animals darker striped body and black feet.
This species, like other species of Cyclura, is sexually dimorphic; males are larger than females, and have more prominent dorsal crests as well as larger femoral pores on their thighs, which are used to release pheromones.
Ecology
Andros Island iguanas are host to a reptile tick, Amblyomma dissimile.
Diet
Like all Cyclura species, the Andros Island iguana is primarily herbivorous, consuming leaves, flowers, and fruits from over 100 different plant species. This diet is very rarely supplemented with insect larvae, crabs, slugs, dead birds, rats, and fungi.
Reproduction
Mating occurs from early April to early May, with eggs deposited in nests excavated within termite mounds (Nasutitermes rippertii). This is the only species of iguana known to use termite mounds as a means of incubating its eggs. Females are known to guard their nests until hatching occurs.
The newly hatched iguanas disperse away from the nest site for the first two or three weeks. During the first week, the hatchlings are vulnerable to predation by snakes; less than one-third of hatchlings survive their first month.
Conservation
Endangered Status
It is estimated that the current global population is less than 3,500 members and is declining. The population has decreased by at least 50% over the last 60 years.
Causes of decline
Hunting is the main factor threatening imminent extinction for this iguana. It is the only Caribbean species of iguana which is still regularly hunted for food for human consumption. Feral pigs pose a threat to the iguanas, as they dig up eggs from iguana nests within termite mounds. Feral and domestic dogs prey upon juvenile and adult iguanas as well. Feral goats have also been known to compete with the iguanas for food.
As with other rock iguanas, their habitat is in rapid decline due to development and logging.
Recovery efforts
Like all Bahamian rock iguanas, this species is protected in the Bahamas under the Wild Animals Protection Act of 1968. However, no areas have been specifically designated for the protection of iguanas on Andros and no specific conservation programs are in place.
There are currently no captive breeding programs for this animal.
References
External links
Entry at Cyclura.com
Father Sanchez's Website of West Indian Natural History
Cychlura cychlura
Endemic fauna of the Bahamas
Reptiles of the Bahamas
Endangered fauna of North America
Taxa named by Georges Cuvier |
13160491 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regumiel%20de%20la%20Sierra | Regumiel de la Sierra | Regumiel de la Sierra is a municipality and town located in the province of Burgos, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 458 inhabitants.
References
Municipalities in the Province of Burgos |
13160494 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selles%2C%20Pas-de-Calais | Selles, Pas-de-Calais | Selles (; ) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.
Geography
Selles is situated some east of Boulogne, at the junction of the D215 and D254 roads, by the banks of the Liane river.
Population
Places of interest
The church of St. Martin, dating from the twelfth century.
A feudal motte.
See also
Communes of the Pas-de-Calais department
References
Communes of Pas-de-Calais |
13160499 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hohen%20Sprenz | Hohen Sprenz | Hohen Sprenz is a municipality in the Rostock district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.
References |
Subsets and Splits