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c0074c01_TS_2014_2015___IGNOUPROJECTS4U__1 | [0] MCSL-025 LAB [2] ENGLISH [1] | Coming Soon | [
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e7bdbdde_Cat___LibGuides_at_COM_Library__Description | [Operator] plus sign + [A search for...] guns germs steel guns + germs + steel [Will return...] results with all of the words entered in the search box: guns, germs, steel [Description] | The default search operator, so any search for terms without an operator will return items with all the words. | [] | Home - How to Use WorldCat - LibGuides at COM Library | Description | http://libguides.com.edu/WorldCat | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00192-ip-10-236-191-2_138962894_2.json |
e7bdbdde_Cat___LibGuides_at_COM_Library__Description | [Operator] OR (uppercase only) | symbol [A search for...] Paris OR fashion Paris | fashion [Will return...] results with any of the words entered in the search box: Paris OR fashion [Description] | The use of OR, or the | symbol, will search for either of the words listed in the search box. | [] | Home - How to Use WorldCat - LibGuides at COM Library | Description | http://libguides.com.edu/WorldCat | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00192-ip-10-236-191-2_138962894_2.json |
e7bdbdde_Cat___LibGuides_at_COM_Library__Description | [Operator] minus sign - [A search for...] Paris - fashion [Will return...] results with Paris but not fashion [Description] | The minus sign will exclude terms from your search. | [] | Home - How to Use WorldCat - LibGuides at COM Library | Description | http://libguides.com.edu/WorldCat | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00192-ip-10-236-191-2_138962894_2.json |
e7bdbdde_Cat___LibGuides_at_COM_Library__Description | [Operator] quotation marks " " [A search for...] “The Grapes of Wrath” [Will return...] results where all words are located directly next to each other in the search results [Description] | To search for an exact phrase, the search terms should be enclosed in quotation marks. | [] | Home - How to Use WorldCat - LibGuides at COM Library | Description | http://libguides.com.edu/WorldCat | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00192-ip-10-236-191-2_138962894_2.json |
e7bdbdde_Cat___LibGuides_at_COM_Library__Description | [Operator] parentheses ( ) [A search for...] dog (walking OR feeding OR grooming) [Will return...] results with dog walking OR dog feeding OR dog grooming [Description] | Use parentheses to create more precise searches. | [] | Home - How to Use WorldCat - LibGuides at COM Library | Description | http://libguides.com.edu/WorldCat | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00192-ip-10-236-191-2_138962894_2.json |
e7bdbdde_Cat___LibGuides_at_COM_Library__Description | [Operator] au: [A search for...] au:shakespeare [Will return...] results where shakespeare is the author--items by rather than about shakespeare [Description] | use au: in front of your search words/phrase to restrict results those that are by a specific author. | [] | Home - How to Use WorldCat - LibGuides at COM Library | Description | http://libguides.com.edu/WorldCat | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00192-ip-10-236-191-2_138962894_2.json |
e7bdbdde_Cat___LibGuides_at_COM_Library__Description | [Operator] su: [A search for...] su:shakespeare [Will return...] results where shakespeare is a subject--items about rather than by shakespeare [Description] | use su: in front of your search words/phrase to restrict results to results where your topic is a main subject of the item. | [] | Home - How to Use WorldCat - LibGuides at COM Library | Description | http://libguides.com.edu/WorldCat | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00192-ip-10-236-191-2_138962894_2.json |
e7bdbdde_Cat___LibGuides_at_COM_Library__Description | [Operator] ti: [A search for...] ti:google [Will return...] results where google is in the title [Description] | use ti: in front of your search words/phrase to retrieve results with the words/phrase in the title. | [] | Home - How to Use WorldCat - LibGuides at COM Library | Description | http://libguides.com.edu/WorldCat | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00192-ip-10-236-191-2_138962894_2.json |
870f9822__Without_Words___Vanseo_Design__Definition | [Activity] Repetition [Definition] | Anytime several objects share some characteristic repetition is created. When more than one characteristic is shared the dominant one is used to describe the repetition. Repetition helps create consistency and design flow. | [] | Visual Grammar: How To Communicate Without Words - Vanseo Design | Definition | http://www.vanseodesign.com/web-design/visual-grammar/ | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00080-ip-10-236-191-2_799647205_0.json |
870f9822__Without_Words___Vanseo_Design__Definition | [Activity] Frequency/Rhythm [Definition] | When the distance between repeated objects is identical we have frequency. When the distance is varied between several frequencies we have rhythm. | [] | Visual Grammar: How To Communicate Without Words - Vanseo Design | Definition | http://www.vanseodesign.com/web-design/visual-grammar/ | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00080-ip-10-236-191-2_799647205_0.json |
870f9822__Without_Words___Vanseo_Design__Definition | [Activity] Mirroring [Definition] | When light waves are reflected from the surface at the same angle they fall onto it, an object is symmetrically rendered around an axis and mirroring is created. | [] | Visual Grammar: How To Communicate Without Words - Vanseo Design | Definition | http://www.vanseodesign.com/web-design/visual-grammar/ | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00080-ip-10-236-191-2_799647205_0.json |
870f9822__Without_Words___Vanseo_Design__Definition | [Activity] Mirroring against a volume [Definition] | When the surface has several different angles of reflection it becomes a volume. Volumes distort the reflected object and the mirroring is no longer symmetrical about an axis. | [] | Visual Grammar: How To Communicate Without Words - Vanseo Design | Definition | http://www.vanseodesign.com/web-design/visual-grammar/ | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00080-ip-10-236-191-2_799647205_0.json |
870f9822__Without_Words___Vanseo_Design__Definition | [Activity] Rotation [Definition] | When an object moves around a point or axis it rotates around that point or axis. The point or axis of rotation can be inside or outside the object. | [] | Visual Grammar: How To Communicate Without Words - Vanseo Design | Definition | http://www.vanseodesign.com/web-design/visual-grammar/ | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00080-ip-10-236-191-2_799647205_0.json |
870f9822__Without_Words___Vanseo_Design__Definition | [Activity] Upscaling/Downscaling [Definition] | When objects are scaled up or down their dimensions remain in proportion to each other. Their width-to-height ratio remains constant. | [] | Visual Grammar: How To Communicate Without Words - Vanseo Design | Definition | http://www.vanseodesign.com/web-design/visual-grammar/ | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00080-ip-10-236-191-2_799647205_0.json |
870f9822__Without_Words___Vanseo_Design__Definition | [Activity] Movement [Definition] | Within a visual design movement can only be shown as a representation of movement. This representation can be shown as a sequence or some illusion of motion. | [] | Visual Grammar: How To Communicate Without Words - Vanseo Design | Definition | http://www.vanseodesign.com/web-design/visual-grammar/ | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00080-ip-10-236-191-2_799647205_0.json |
870f9822__Without_Words___Vanseo_Design__Definition | [Activity] Path [Definition] | An object showing movement travels along an imaginary line or curve, which is the object’s path. | [] | Visual Grammar: How To Communicate Without Words - Vanseo Design | Definition | http://www.vanseodesign.com/web-design/visual-grammar/ | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00080-ip-10-236-191-2_799647205_0.json |
870f9822__Without_Words___Vanseo_Design__Definition | [Activity] Direction [Definition] | A moving object has a direction defined by a line or curve that leads from start to end point. | [] | Visual Grammar: How To Communicate Without Words - Vanseo Design | Definition | http://www.vanseodesign.com/web-design/visual-grammar/ | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00080-ip-10-236-191-2_799647205_0.json |
870f9822__Without_Words___Vanseo_Design__Definition | [Activity] Superordinate and subordinate movement [Definition] | Objects can rotate, move back and forth, or swing as they travel along a path. This secondary movement is the subordinate movement, whereas movement along the path is the superordinate movement. | [] | Visual Grammar: How To Communicate Without Words - Vanseo Design | Definition | http://www.vanseodesign.com/web-design/visual-grammar/ | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00080-ip-10-236-191-2_799647205_0.json |
870f9822__Without_Words___Vanseo_Design__Definition | [Activity] Displacement [Definition] | When only part of an object moves it’s form is displaced. Displacement is define by an angle between the original point and the new displaced point. | [] | Visual Grammar: How To Communicate Without Words - Vanseo Design | Definition | http://www.vanseodesign.com/web-design/visual-grammar/ | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00080-ip-10-236-191-2_799647205_0.json |
870f9822__Without_Words___Vanseo_Design__Definition | [Activity] Direction of displacement [Definition] | Displaced objects move in a specific direction. | [] | Visual Grammar: How To Communicate Without Words - Vanseo Design | Definition | http://www.vanseodesign.com/web-design/visual-grammar/ | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00080-ip-10-236-191-2_799647205_0.json |
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a13dcd9f_TMRAP__Parameter | [Req.?] no [Repeat?] yes [Type] string [Description] The ID of a topic map being queried. [Parameter] | topicmap | [
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a13dcd9f_TMRAP__Parameter | [Req.?] no [Repeat?] no [Type] string [Description] The syntax in which to return the topc map fragment. The default is XTM, but TM/XML is also supported (and LTM is not). Note that the values supplied must be the syntax identifiers defined above. [Parameter] | syntax | [
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2480f25a_ce_with_ANSYS__Mechanical_14_0__Platform | 1S: 1xIntel® Xeon® E5-2687W (8 cores, 20M, 3.1GHz, 8.00 GT/s Intel® QPI) 2S: 1xIntel® Xeon® E5-2687W (8 cores, 20M, 3.1GHz, 8.00 GT/s Intel® QPI) [Platform] | Processors | [] | Delivering pure performance with ANSYS* Mechanical 14.0 | Platform | http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/workstations/workstations-performance-ansys.html | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00188-ip-10-236-191-2_523764200_0.json |
2480f25a_ce_with_ANSYS__Mechanical_14_0__Platform | 1S: 8 cores 2S:16 cores [Platform] | Cores | [] | Delivering pure performance with ANSYS* Mechanical 14.0 | Platform | http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/workstations/workstations-performance-ansys.html | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00188-ip-10-236-191-2_523764200_0.json |
2480f25a_ce_with_ANSYS__Mechanical_14_0__Platform | OFF [Platform] | Hyper-threading | [] | Delivering pure performance with ANSYS* Mechanical 14.0 | Platform | http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/workstations/workstations-performance-ansys.html | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00188-ip-10-236-191-2_523764200_0.json |
2480f25a_ce_with_ANSYS__Mechanical_14_0__Platform | ON [Platform] | Turbo | [] | Delivering pure performance with ANSYS* Mechanical 14.0 | Platform | http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/workstations/workstations-performance-ansys.html | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00188-ip-10-236-191-2_523764200_0.json |
2480f25a_ce_with_ANSYS__Mechanical_14_0__Platform | 1S: 32GB (8x4GB) DDR3-1600 ECC RDIMM 2S: 64GB (16x4GB) DDR3-1600 ECC RDIMM [Platform] | Memory | [] | Delivering pure performance with ANSYS* Mechanical 14.0 | Platform | http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/workstations/workstations-performance-ansys.html | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00188-ip-10-236-191-2_523764200_0.json |
2480f25a_ce_with_ANSYS__Mechanical_14_0__Platform | Nvidia* Tesla* C2075 w/Cuda* toolkit v4.2, TCC mode, ECC enabled [Platform] | GPU | [] | Delivering pure performance with ANSYS* Mechanical 14.0 | Platform | http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/workstations/workstations-performance-ansys.html | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00188-ip-10-236-191-2_523764200_0.json |
2480f25a_ce_with_ANSYS__Mechanical_14_0__Platform | Matrox* G200 [Platform] | Video | [] | Delivering pure performance with ANSYS* Mechanical 14.0 | Platform | http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/workstations/workstations-performance-ansys.html | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00188-ip-10-236-191-2_523764200_0.json |
2480f25a_ce_with_ANSYS__Mechanical_14_0__Platform | Intel® RAID Controller RS2BL080, RAID0 [Platform] | Storage | [] | Delivering pure performance with ANSYS* Mechanical 14.0 | Platform | http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/workstations/workstations-performance-ansys.html | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00188-ip-10-236-191-2_523764200_0.json |
2480f25a_ce_with_ANSYS__Mechanical_14_0__Platform | 4xWestern Digital* Caviar Black WD1502FAEX (1.5TB, 7200RPM, 64MB Cache, SATA 6Gb/s 3.5") 4xIntel® SSD 520 Series (240GB, 2.5in, SATA 6Gb/s) [Platform] | Drives | [] | Delivering pure performance with ANSYS* Mechanical 14.0 | Platform | http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/workstations/workstations-performance-ansys.html | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00188-ip-10-236-191-2_523764200_0.json |
2480f25a_ce_with_ANSYS__Mechanical_14_0__Platform | Microsoft* Windows* 7 Enterprise x64 SP1 [Platform] | Operating System | [] | Delivering pure performance with ANSYS* Mechanical 14.0 | Platform | http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/workstations/workstations-performance-ansys.html | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00188-ip-10-236-191-2_523764200_0.json |
2480f25a_ce_with_ANSYS__Mechanical_14_0__Platform | ANSYS* Mechanical* DMP v14 w/Intel® MPI Simulia* Abaqus/STD v6.12-1 [Platform] | Applications: | [] | Delivering pure performance with ANSYS* Mechanical 14.0 | Platform | http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/workstations/workstations-performance-ansys.html | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00188-ip-10-236-191-2_523764200_0.json |
6a3436e8_Licenses___VideoHive__Regular_view_full_license | [0] Number of end products [Extended view full license] 1 [Regular view full license] | 1 | [
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15d3ed2f_nts___Videogamer_com_Community__Topic | [Latest Post] 15 months agoBy deepdoop [Replies] 16 [Views] 2,376 [Topic] | hate against Call of Duty Posted in General Gaming | [] | Call of Duty: Elite has two million paying customers, ten million users - Article Comments - Videogamer.com Community | Topic | http://community.videogamer.com/forums/article_comments/call_of_duty_elite_has_two_million_paying_customers_ten_million_users | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00271-ip-10-236-191-2_55271367_1.json |
15d3ed2f_nts___Videogamer_com_Community__Topic | [Latest Post] 17 months agoBy VG_Staff [Replies] 0 [Views] 729 [Topic] | Call of Duty discounts arrive on the PlayStation Store Posted in Article Comments | [] | Call of Duty: Elite has two million paying customers, ten million users - Article Comments - Videogamer.com Community | Topic | http://community.videogamer.com/forums/article_comments/call_of_duty_elite_has_two_million_paying_customers_ten_million_users | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00271-ip-10-236-191-2_55271367_1.json |
15d3ed2f_nts___Videogamer_com_Community__Topic | [Latest Post] 18 months agoBy killtubecameron [Replies] 9 [Views] 1,641 [Topic] | Sledgehammer Games is developing this year's Call of Duty Posted in Article Comments | [] | Call of Duty: Elite has two million paying customers, ten million users - Article Comments - Videogamer.com Community | Topic | http://community.videogamer.com/forums/article_comments/call_of_duty_elite_has_two_million_paying_customers_ten_million_users | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00271-ip-10-236-191-2_55271367_1.json |
15d3ed2f_nts___Videogamer_com_Community__Topic | [Latest Post] 19 months agoBy mootube [Replies] 3 [Views] 1,862 [Topic] | The Week in Review: Don't expect to play that second-hand game next-gen edition Posted in Article Comments | [] | Call of Duty: Elite has two million paying customers, ten million users - Article Comments - Videogamer.com Community | Topic | http://community.videogamer.com/forums/article_comments/call_of_duty_elite_has_two_million_paying_customers_ten_million_users | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00271-ip-10-236-191-2_55271367_1.json |
15d3ed2f_nts___Videogamer_com_Community__Topic | [Latest Post] 21 months agoBy SnaptController [Replies] 9 [Views] 1,082 [Topic] | Is it fair to score CoD differently because of its repetitiveness? Posted in General Gaming | [] | Call of Duty: Elite has two million paying customers, ten million users - Article Comments - Videogamer.com Community | Topic | http://community.videogamer.com/forums/article_comments/call_of_duty_elite_has_two_million_paying_customers_ten_million_users | 39/1438042989126.22_20150728002309-00271-ip-10-236-191-2_55271367_1.json |
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a1783559_Soviet_Union___Mincov_Law_Blog__Quote_from_Patry_s_book | [Page] 6 [My Comments] Patry is correct here. Today’s copyright laws don’t make any sense and are nothing more than the result of several competing groups of people to carve out some benefits at the expense of each other. This is a recipe for unworkable laws. [Quote from Patry’s book] | We will never fix our laws unless we clean house and start all over again, this time on a sound, empirical basis: Simply adding on to a failed structure will no longer work... No one should suggest that our copyright laws are rational, deliberate, unified policy instruments, carefully designed to achieve specific social and economic objectives. | [] | How Not To Fix Copyright - My Response to William Patry - Socialist copyright law - Soviet Union | Mincov Law Blog | Quote from Patry’s book | http://iplitigationvancouver.info/blog-post/how_not_to_fix_copyright | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00138-ip-10-236-191-2_127137818_7.json |
a1783559_Soviet_Union___Mincov_Law_Blog__Quote_from_Patry_s_book | [Page] 10 [My Comments] Why not have international treaties that would provide for compulsory donations of cars to those with arthritis? While we’re at it, why not have international treaties that would compel luxury restaurants to feed the hungry? If publishers do not want to make their works available to the blind, what right do we have to force them? [Quote from Patry’s book] | An international treaty is necessary to make sure all books can be accessible by the blind. Accessibility can be accomplished through a combination of compulsory licenses and exceptions. Voluntary agreements among publishers, libraries, and blind groups are certainly necessary to the ultimate success, but a global, binding instrument is required to solve cross-border issues and to ensure minimum standards are met. | [] | How Not To Fix Copyright - My Response to William Patry - Socialist copyright law - Soviet Union | Mincov Law Blog | Quote from Patry’s book | http://iplitigationvancouver.info/blog-post/how_not_to_fix_copyright | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00138-ip-10-236-191-2_127137818_7.json |
a1783559_Soviet_Union___Mincov_Law_Blog__Quote_from_Patry_s_book | [Page] 11 [My Comments] Duh. Unfortunately, the rest of the book does not support this benevolence towards those “who wish to protect” their works from being used without authorization. [Quote from Patry’s book] | My view is that copyright laws can serve valuable purposes: while they do not cause people to create in the first place and do not create economic or critical success, they do ensure that once works are created, those who wish to protect them and economically benefit can. We all should support this goal. | [] | How Not To Fix Copyright - My Response to William Patry - Socialist copyright law - Soviet Union | Mincov Law Blog | Quote from Patry’s book | http://iplitigationvancouver.info/blog-post/how_not_to_fix_copyright | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00138-ip-10-236-191-2_127137818_7.json |
a1783559_Soviet_Union___Mincov_Law_Blog__Quote_from_Patry_s_book | [Page] 12 [My Comments] You don’t make people happy by force. It is theirs, and they are entitled to say no if they want to, even if they choose to go hungry. Just because we can think of better business models does not mean that we should force them upon those who disagree. [Quote from Patry’s book] | ...markets are still badly underserved by many copyright owners who cling to the ideology of property rights: “it’s mine and I can say no if I want to.” That attitude inhibits innovative services capable of putting the type of money in authors’ pockets that they deserve. You can’t eat ideology. | [] | How Not To Fix Copyright - My Response to William Patry - Socialist copyright law - Soviet Union | Mincov Law Blog | Quote from Patry’s book | http://iplitigationvancouver.info/blog-post/how_not_to_fix_copyright | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00138-ip-10-236-191-2_127137818_7.json |
a1783559_Soviet_Union___Mincov_Law_Blog__Quote_from_Patry_s_book | [Page] 16 [My Comments] Today, there are thousands of ways copyright owners can make their own works available to the public without the need to go through gatekeepers. According to YouTube, one hour of video is uploaded to YouTube every second. Even if 15% of that video constitutes original works not owned by somebody else, it is still very impressive. Just because the public is more interested in specific works that their owners do not wish to make available for free does not mean that there is no abundance. However, it also does not mean that those who do not want to contribute to the abundance should be forced to do it. [Quote from Patry’s book] | The argument is that the protection against free riding that copyright provides also causes distributors to bring an abundance of works to market. In this argument, copyright is essential for abundance. The argument misapprehends markets and the role of law in markets. Historically, in mainstream culture, copyright law has been the legal device used by a few gatekeepers to control a winner-take-all marketplace of artificial scarcity, in which far fewer works are made available to the public than are created. | [] | How Not To Fix Copyright - My Response to William Patry - Socialist copyright law - Soviet Union | Mincov Law Blog | Quote from Patry’s book | http://iplitigationvancouver.info/blog-post/how_not_to_fix_copyright | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00138-ip-10-236-191-2_127137818_7.json |
a1783559_Soviet_Union___Mincov_Law_Blog__Quote_from_Patry_s_book | [Page] 17 [My Comments] I am wholeheartedly against government support of the art. If people don’t want to voluntarily support an artist on conditions that the artist would like to be supported, then the government should play no role in forcing the public to pay for the cause they do not support. As for the platforms, the argument is moot in the sense that such platforms already exist. If Patry is trying to make the argument that the government should force everyone to use such platforms, then again, the government should not force copyright owners to use one or the other model for distribution of their works. [Quote from Patry’s book] | This doesn’t mean we have to rely entirely on government subsidies – the marketplace is fine for works by corporations and by the popular authors they support – but it does mean we need to find non-market ways for other authors and artists to obtain the necessary initial conditions to create. Aside from government subsidies and tax breaks, one way to encourage more and diverse authors and artists is to ensure that online platforms exist where creators can post their works in order to gain an audience, run advertisements against their works if they choose, or charge for downloads, streams, or other uses if choose. Such platforms are free to individuals and provide a way to avoid the gatekeeper lock on success. | [] | How Not To Fix Copyright - My Response to William Patry - Socialist copyright law - Soviet Union | Mincov Law Blog | Quote from Patry’s book | http://iplitigationvancouver.info/blog-post/how_not_to_fix_copyright | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00138-ip-10-236-191-2_127137818_7.json |
a1783559_Soviet_Union___Mincov_Law_Blog__Quote_from_Patry_s_book | [Page] 27 [My Comments] Whether the right to control the use of the works matters to artists may or may not be true. It is also irrelevant. What matters is that we should not force the authors to give up the right of control if they don’t want to, even if doing so would bring about a more steady income. Likewise, we should not subsidise authors whose works do not attract enough voluntary funding. We certainly do not want more authors and artists who take their steady income for granted regardless of their ability to convince enough people of the quality of their works. [Quote from Patry’s book] | If we want more authors and artists, we must provide them with the economic ability to be authors and artists, above the fray for market share in a winner-take-all environment. It is not copyright for copyright’s sake that matters to authors and artists, but rather a steady income. | [] | How Not To Fix Copyright - My Response to William Patry - Socialist copyright law - Soviet Union | Mincov Law Blog | Quote from Patry’s book | http://iplitigationvancouver.info/blog-post/how_not_to_fix_copyright | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00138-ip-10-236-191-2_127137818_7.json |
a1783559_Soviet_Union___Mincov_Law_Blog__Quote_from_Patry_s_book | [Page] 35 [My Comments] And these corporations are in their right to do it. The purpose of modern antitrust laws is to destroy the successful for being successful and to support the impotent for being impotent. There is nothing wrong with monopolies if their monopolistic status is based on their ability to offer a product that everybody wants to buy. There is everything wrong with monopolies whose monopolistic status is based on the use of violence or on government restricting competition through licensing, certification and so on. Copyright is as natural a monopoly as it gets. Having a monopoly over a certain book does not create a monopoly over books as a class. Just because an author refuses to provide his book to the public on conditions he disagrees with does not deprive the public of the right to read other books. No one is entitled to something that would not have existed but for another person’s efforts. [Quote from Patry’s book] | These corporations continually press for more draconian copyright laws (e.g., cutting off Internet access, harsh criminal penalties) while arguing for more relaxed antitrust laws. They bring lawsuits against consumer electronics companies and against online platforms offering authors and performers a way around gatekeeper obstacles. | [] | How Not To Fix Copyright - My Response to William Patry - Socialist copyright law - Soviet Union | Mincov Law Blog | Quote from Patry’s book | http://iplitigationvancouver.info/blog-post/how_not_to_fix_copyright | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00138-ip-10-236-191-2_127137818_7.json |
a1783559_Soviet_Union___Mincov_Law_Blog__Quote_from_Patry_s_book | [Page] 36 [My Comments] Patry is full of indignation towards Verdi and Brahms for they decided that they could afford to retire early. Of course, collectivist mentality suggests that they should have been enslaved to produce even more great works until the day they died. It goes back to the very simple question – “Should authors be allowed to exist for their own sake?” Or should they, in the words of Bernard Shaw, “justify their existence” … by showing that they are “pulling their weight in the social boat”? [Quote from Patry’s book] | Giuseppe Verdi began his composing career before Italian copyright laws were passed. Although he and his publisher had previously developed work-arounds, after Italian laws were passed, Verdi was able to amass a considerable fortune. One effect of this success should be noted, however: Verdi made so much money he stopped composing. Johannes Brahms also made considerable sums as a result of the passage of copyright laws that enabled his publisher to prevent free-riding, and as a result retired early. | [] | How Not To Fix Copyright - My Response to William Patry - Socialist copyright law - Soviet Union | Mincov Law Blog | Quote from Patry’s book | http://iplitigationvancouver.info/blog-post/how_not_to_fix_copyright | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00138-ip-10-236-191-2_127137818_7.json |
a1783559_Soviet_Union___Mincov_Law_Blog__Quote_from_Patry_s_book | [Page] 38 [My Comments] That may be true, but this argument is based on the selective reference to pre-existing laws. If we are discussing what the laws should be, regardless of what they are, there is no reason why we should pay much attention to what the laws had been when they were first introduced. That in the eighteenth century England authors were treated as slaves does not mean that we should be doing the same in the twenty-first century. [Quote from Patry’s book] | Copyright was an author’s right only in the sense of selling those rights on the cheap to booksellers: the great copyright dispute in England in the eighteenth century over whether copyright was a perpetual right was for good reason called the Battle of the Booksellers, and not the Battle of the Authors. | [] | How Not To Fix Copyright - My Response to William Patry - Socialist copyright law - Soviet Union | Mincov Law Blog | Quote from Patry’s book | http://iplitigationvancouver.info/blog-post/how_not_to_fix_copyright | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00138-ip-10-236-191-2_127137818_7.json |
a1783559_Soviet_Union___Mincov_Law_Blog__Quote_from_Patry_s_book | [Page] 39 [My Comments] Unfortunately, this is not the dilemma as it exists today. Copyright owners would be happy if consumers whose expectations they refused to meet would “go elsewhere to have their needs satisfied by others”. What happens in practice and what copyright owners try to combat is that consumers instead of going elsewhere take from copyright owners what copyright owners are not willing to give. We cannot speak of digital abundance if the abundance exists at the expense of producers whose works are being pirated. [Quote from Patry’s book] | An important error made by policymakers in grasping the role of copyright in the world of digital abundance is the failure to appreciate that the underlying issue is pricing, not technology. Technology creates new consumer expectations about markets; those expectations can either be met – in which case copyright owners will make money according to those new markets and new expectations – or, as is often the case now, copyright owners can refuse to meet the new expectations, in which case consumers will go elsewhere to have their needs satisfied by others. | [] | How Not To Fix Copyright - My Response to William Patry - Socialist copyright law - Soviet Union | Mincov Law Blog | Quote from Patry’s book | http://iplitigationvancouver.info/blog-post/how_not_to_fix_copyright | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00138-ip-10-236-191-2_127137818_7.json |
a1783559_Soviet_Union___Mincov_Law_Blog__Quote_from_Patry_s_book | [Page] 39 [My Comments] It is always a pleasure to see famed libertarians quoted by someone who openly calls himself a “left-wing guy”. The purpose, of course, is to be perceived as someone balanced and objective. Consumers are not king in one very important aspect. While they can dictate what should be produced and in what quantity and quality, no collective desire of consumers can result in the creation of a specific work. It still takes a creator to produce the product. In this sense content will always be king. Whether that content is going to be welcomed by the consumers and generate income for the creator is a separate issue. [Quote from Patry’s book] | As Ludwig von Mises pointed out, “producers do not produce tor their own consumption but for the market.” Content is not king, consumers are: “The real bosses … are the consumers. They, by their buying and by their abstention from buying, … determine what should be produced and in what quantity and quality.” | [] | How Not To Fix Copyright - My Response to William Patry - Socialist copyright law - Soviet Union | Mincov Law Blog | Quote from Patry’s book | http://iplitigationvancouver.info/blog-post/how_not_to_fix_copyright | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00138-ip-10-236-191-2_127137818_7.json |
a1783559_Soviet_Union___Mincov_Law_Blog__Quote_from_Patry_s_book | [Page] 41 [My Comments] And the only reason this happened was because of resistance of lobbies supporting free and unrestricted unauthorized use of works on the Internet. The only way to deal with such resistance was to use existing laws to combat emerging problems. It took many years before the “making available” right was recognized as a separate right. It is still not recognized as a separate right in Canada in 2012. The only way to prevent unauthorized streaming and downloading was (and in many countries still is) through reproduction right, which happens to cover transitory acts as well. Had ISPs were more cooperative with the copyright owners at the dawn of the Internet in at least the most outrageous of examples, today’s business models would have been a lot more reasonable. [Quote from Patry’s book] | Unfortunately, through mistaken interpretations of the noun “copy,” the reproduction right has been wildly expanded in many countries, particularly the United States, to include transitory acts such as buffering, caching, or non-consumable versions that are necessitated by the automatic operation of computers or other digital technologies. None of these transitory acts has an independent economic value; that is, they do not harm copyright owners’ markets. | [] | How Not To Fix Copyright - My Response to William Patry - Socialist copyright law - Soviet Union | Mincov Law Blog | Quote from Patry’s book | http://iplitigationvancouver.info/blog-post/how_not_to_fix_copyright | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00138-ip-10-236-191-2_127137818_7.json |
a1783559_Soviet_Union___Mincov_Law_Blog__Quote_from_Patry_s_book | [Page] 43 [My Comments] And nothing has changed. Copyright has always been (and rightfully so) about control and access. There have been thousands of license agreements where one licensee would receive a license to reproduce songs on vinyl, while another licensee would receive a license to reproduce the same songs on tape. Copyright owners have always had the right to determine on which media their works are to be used by whom, and there is absolutely nothing wrong with it. [Quote from Patry’s book] | In an effort to create scarcity in the digital environment, copyright owners have obtained rights that give them the power to regulate technologies developed by third parties and to control access to their works. Neither of these rights previously existed. Previously, the copyright laws were technology neutral: They did not regulate technologies, but rather they regulated uses of copyrighted material, regardless of the technology employed. | [] | How Not To Fix Copyright - My Response to William Patry - Socialist copyright law - Soviet Union | Mincov Law Blog | Quote from Patry’s book | http://iplitigationvancouver.info/blog-post/how_not_to_fix_copyright | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00138-ip-10-236-191-2_127137818_7.json |
a1783559_Soviet_Union___Mincov_Law_Blog__Quote_from_Patry_s_book | [Page] 47 [My Comments] Welcome to Soviet Union, comrade Patry. This is exactly the framework that existed in the Soviet Civil Code of 1964. According to s. 479 of this pinnacle of legal socialist thought, an author had the right (a) to publish, reproduce and distribute his work in any manner permitted by law under his name, pseudonym or anonymously; (b) to enforce integrity of his work and (c) to receive remuneration for the use of his work by third parties, unless otherwise prescribed by the law. The amount of remuneration was to be prescribed by the Government. On top of that, all potential licensees in the Soviet union were state-owned. And if that was not enough, the government always had a right to get a compulsory license for the use of any work. Authors should not get paid unless someone is voluntarily willing to pay to use their works. Likewise, consumers should not be entitled to use other people’s works unless they agree to such use. Having an exclusive right does you good if you value that right, and many authors do, regardless of whether they get paid to give it away or not. [Quote from Patry’s book] | A new structure must provide twenty-first-century solutions to getting authors paid and giving the public access to their creations. This will involve in many (but certainly not all) cases changing the fundamental nature of copyright from a grant of exclusive rights into a right of remuneration: a right to be paid through statutory licensing, collective management of rights, and levies. Having an exclusive right does you no good if you can’t get paid. | [] | How Not To Fix Copyright - My Response to William Patry - Socialist copyright law - Soviet Union | Mincov Law Blog | Quote from Patry’s book | http://iplitigationvancouver.info/blog-post/how_not_to_fix_copyright | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00138-ip-10-236-191-2_127137818_7.json |
a1783559_Soviet_Union___Mincov_Law_Blog__Quote_from_Patry_s_book | [Page] 59 [My Comments] Oh, what contempt for free market! Free market is nothing but an indicator of willingness of consumers to obtain goods or services on certain conditions. If nobody wants to buy a certain book at a certain price, no copyright will (or should) help the author. All copyright does, like any property right or any other individual right, is it provides a framework of equal opportunities to present a product to the market. Today, when there is almost an indefinite number of ways to make one’s works available to the world, authors are free as never before to pursue success by selling directly to the public. Being able to lay a claim on their product is crucial in that pursuit. [Quote from Patry’s book] | Copyright laws have, in practice, functioned as a way for government officials to placate authors, artists, and performers with the promise of monetary rewards, while throwing them on the mercy of the free market. | [] | How Not To Fix Copyright - My Response to William Patry - Socialist copyright law - Soviet Union | Mincov Law Blog | Quote from Patry’s book | http://iplitigationvancouver.info/blog-post/how_not_to_fix_copyright | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00138-ip-10-236-191-2_127137818_7.json |
a1783559_Soviet_Union___Mincov_Law_Blog__Quote_from_Patry_s_book | [Page] 59 [My Comments] And this is really at the heart of the problem that Patry does not see the moral case of copyright law. It has nothing to do with economic evidence, it has nothing to do with fair remuneration, it has nothing to do with technological measures. The only thing that matters is whether we want to treat authors as chattel existing for the benefit of the society, or as free people who have the right to exist for their own sake. [Quote from Patry’s book] | Since Mr. Burnham could not challenge any of the empirical conclusions in the Gowers report, he instead relied on a previously unarticulated and undefined “moral case at the heart of copyright law.” We are truly at sea if our laws are to be enacted according to a moral case espoused in the face of unchallenged economic evidence refuting the minister’s brief. | [] | How Not To Fix Copyright - My Response to William Patry - Socialist copyright law - Soviet Union | Mincov Law Blog | Quote from Patry’s book | http://iplitigationvancouver.info/blog-post/how_not_to_fix_copyright | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00138-ip-10-236-191-2_127137818_7.json |
a1783559_Soviet_Union___Mincov_Law_Blog__Quote_from_Patry_s_book | [Page] 67 [My Comments] Using the same logic, if I rob a bank and spend all the money I stole in mom-and-pop stores in my neighbourhood, there is no loss. These expenditures will generate tax revenue, new jobs, infrastructural elements, and the range of other goods… No wonder socialists love redistribution of wealth. One of the slogans of the Russian socialist revolution “Steal the Stolen” was used to justify murders and “expropriation” of property from the rich. [Quote from Patry’s book] | Within a given economy, the piracy of domestic goods is a transfer of income, not a loss. Money saved by consumers or businesses on CDs, DVDs, or software will not disappear, but rather be spent on other things – housing, food, or other entertainment, or other business expenses, and so on. These expenditures, in turn will generate tax revenue, new jobs, infrastructural investments, and the range of other goods that are typically in the loss column of industry analyses. | [] | How Not To Fix Copyright - My Response to William Patry - Socialist copyright law - Soviet Union | Mincov Law Blog | Quote from Patry’s book | http://iplitigationvancouver.info/blog-post/how_not_to_fix_copyright | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00138-ip-10-236-191-2_127137818_7.json |
a1783559_Soviet_Union___Mincov_Law_Blog__Quote_from_Patry_s_book | [Page] 69 [My Comments] That’s what I mean when I say that I respect comrade Patry for his honesty. Indeed, isn’t this a great thing that someone who creates something has less money, while those who steal it from him have more money? Great equation! [Quote from Patry’s book] | Even if record labels make less money from the increase in sales of digital singles than they did from the peak year of CD sales (an unfair comparison in any event), the difference is a positive social benefit: Consumers are now able to spend money on what they do want and not on what they don’t. Record labels may have less money but we have more, and that’s a great thing for us and for society. | [] | How Not To Fix Copyright - My Response to William Patry - Socialist copyright law - Soviet Union | Mincov Law Blog | Quote from Patry’s book | http://iplitigationvancouver.info/blog-post/how_not_to_fix_copyright | 39/1438043062723.96_20150728002422-00138-ip-10-236-191-2_127137818_7.json |
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