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You are a medical doctor answering real-world medical entrance exam questions. Based on your understanding of basic and clinical science, medical knowledge, and mechanisms underlying health, disease, patient care, and modes of therapy, answer the following multiple-choice question. Select one correct answer from A to D. | Question: Chronic urethral obstruction due to benign prismatic hyperplasia can lead to the following change in kidney parenchyma
Options:
(A) Hyperplasia
(B) Hyperophy
(C) Atrophy
(D) Dyplasia
Answer: | Atrophy |
You are a medical doctor answering real-world medical entrance exam questions. Based on your understanding of basic and clinical science, medical knowledge, and mechanisms underlying health, disease, patient care, and modes of therapy, answer the following multiple-choice question. Select one correct answer from A to D. | Question: Which vitamin is supplied from only animal source:
Options:
(A) Vitamin C
(B) Vitamin B7
(C) Vitamin B12
(D) Vitamin D
Answer: | Vitamin B12 |
You are a medical doctor answering real-world medical entrance exam questions. Based on your understanding of basic and clinical science, medical knowledge, and mechanisms underlying health, disease, patient care, and modes of therapy, answer the following multiple-choice question. Select one correct answer from A to D. | Question: All of the following are surgical options for morbid obesity except -
Options:
(A) Adjustable gastric banding
(B) Biliopancreatic diversion
(C) Duodenal Switch
(D) Roux en Y Duodenal By pass
Answer: | Roux en Y Duodenal By pass |
You are a medical doctor answering real-world medical entrance exam questions. Based on your understanding of basic and clinical science, medical knowledge, and mechanisms underlying health, disease, patient care, and modes of therapy, answer the following multiple-choice question. Select one correct answer from A to D. | Question: Following endaerectomy on the right common carotid, a patient is found to be blind in the right eye. It is appears that a small thrombus embolized during surgery and lodged in the aery supplying the optic nerve. Which aery would be blocked?
Options:
(A) Central aery of the retina
(B) Infraorbital aery
(C) Lacrimal aery
(D) Nasociliary aretry
Answer: | Central aery of the retina |
You are a medical doctor answering real-world medical entrance exam questions. Based on your understanding of basic and clinical science, medical knowledge, and mechanisms underlying health, disease, patient care, and modes of therapy, answer the following multiple-choice question. Select one correct answer from A to D. | Question: Growth hormone has its effect on growth through?
Options:
(A) Directly
(B) IG1-1
(C) Thyroxine
(D) Intranuclear receptors
Answer: | IG1-1 |
You are a medical doctor answering real-world medical entrance exam questions. Based on your understanding of basic and clinical science, medical knowledge, and mechanisms underlying health, disease, patient care, and modes of therapy, answer the following multiple-choice question. Select one correct answer from A to D. | Question: Chronic urethral obstruction due to benign prismatic hyperplasia can lead to the following change in kidney parenchyma
Options:
(A) Hyperplasia
(B) Hyperophy
(C) Atrophy
(D) Dyplasia
Answer: | Atrophy |
You are a medical doctor answering real-world medical entrance exam questions. Based on your understanding of basic and clinical science, medical knowledge, and mechanisms underlying health, disease, patient care, and modes of therapy, answer the following multiple-choice question. Select one correct answer from A to D. | Question: Which vitamin is supplied from only animal source:
Options:
(A) Vitamin C
(B) Vitamin B7
(C) Vitamin B12
(D) Vitamin D
Answer: | Vitamin B12 |
You are a medical doctor answering real-world medical entrance exam questions. Based on your understanding of basic and clinical science, medical knowledge, and mechanisms underlying health, disease, patient care, and modes of therapy, answer the following multiple-choice question. Select one correct answer from A to D. | Question: All of the following are surgical options for morbid obesity except -
Options:
(A) Adjustable gastric banding
(B) Biliopancreatic diversion
(C) Duodenal Switch
(D) Roux en Y Duodenal By pass
Answer: | Roux en Y Duodenal By pass |
You are a medical doctor answering real-world medical entrance exam questions. Based on your understanding of basic and clinical science, medical knowledge, and mechanisms underlying health, disease, patient care, and modes of therapy, answer the following multiple-choice question. Select one correct answer from A to D. | Question: Following endaerectomy on the right common carotid, a patient is found to be blind in the right eye. It is appears that a small thrombus embolized during surgery and lodged in the aery supplying the optic nerve. Which aery would be blocked?
Options:
(A) Central aery of the retina
(B) Infraorbital aery
(C) Lacrimal aery
(D) Nasociliary aretry
Answer: | Central aery of the retina |
You are a medical doctor answering real-world medical entrance exam questions. Based on your understanding of basic and clinical science, medical knowledge, and mechanisms underlying health, disease, patient care, and modes of therapy, answer the following multiple-choice question. Select one correct answer from A to D. | Question: Growth hormone has its effect on growth through?
Options:
(A) Directly
(B) IG1-1
(C) Thyroxine
(D) Intranuclear receptors
Answer: | IG1-1 |
You are a medical doctor taking the US Medical Licensing Examination. You need to demonstrate your understanding of basic and clinical science, medical knowledge, and mechanisms underlying health, disease, patient care, and modes of therapy. Show your ability to apply the knowledge essential for medical practice. For the following multiple-choice question, select one correct answer from A to E. | Question: A 23-year-old pregnant woman at 22 weeks gestation presents with burning upon urination. She states it started 1 day ago and has been worsening despite drinking more water and taking cranberry extract. She otherwise feels well and is followed by a doctor for her pregnancy. Her temperature is 97.7°F (36.5°C), blood pressure is 122/77 mmHg, pulse is 80/min, respirations are 19/min, and oxygen saturation is 98% on room air. Physical exam is notable for an absence of costovertebral angle tenderness and a gravid uterus. Which of the following is the best treatment for this patient?
Options:
(A) Ampicillin
(B) Ceftriaxone
(C) Doxycycline
(D) Nitrofurantoin
Answer: | Nitrofurantoin |
You are a medical doctor taking the US Medical Licensing Examination. You need to demonstrate your understanding of basic and clinical science, medical knowledge, and mechanisms underlying health, disease, patient care, and modes of therapy. Show your ability to apply the knowledge essential for medical practice. For the following multiple-choice question, select one correct answer from A to E. | Question: A 3-month-old baby died suddenly at night while asleep. His mother noticed that he had died only after she awoke in the morning. No cause of death was determined based on the autopsy. Which of the following precautions could have prevented the death of the baby?
Options:
(A) Placing the infant in a supine position on a firm mattress while sleeping
(B) Keeping the infant covered and maintaining a high room temperature
(C) Application of a device to maintain the sleeping position
(D) Avoiding pacifier use during sleep
Answer: | Placing the infant in a supine position on a firm mattress while sleeping |
You are a medical doctor taking the US Medical Licensing Examination. You need to demonstrate your understanding of basic and clinical science, medical knowledge, and mechanisms underlying health, disease, patient care, and modes of therapy. Show your ability to apply the knowledge essential for medical practice. For the following multiple-choice question, select one correct answer from A to E. | Question: A mother brings her 3-week-old infant to the pediatrician's office because she is concerned about his feeding habits. He was born without complications and has not had any medical problems up until this time. However, for the past 4 days, he has been fussy, is regurgitating all of his feeds, and his vomit is yellow in color. On physical exam, the child's abdomen is minimally distended but no other abnormalities are appreciated. Which of the following embryologic errors could account for this presentation?
Options:
(A) Abnormal migration of ventral pancreatic bud
(B) Complete failure of proximal duodenum to recanalize
(C) Abnormal hypertrophy of the pylorus
(D) Failure of lateral body folds to move ventrally and fuse in the midline
Answer: | Abnormal migration of ventral pancreatic bud |
You are a medical doctor taking the US Medical Licensing Examination. You need to demonstrate your understanding of basic and clinical science, medical knowledge, and mechanisms underlying health, disease, patient care, and modes of therapy. Show your ability to apply the knowledge essential for medical practice. For the following multiple-choice question, select one correct answer from A to E. | Question: A pulmonary autopsy specimen from a 58-year-old woman who died of acute hypoxic respiratory failure was examined. She had recently undergone surgery for a fractured femur 3 months ago. Initial hospital course was uncomplicated, and she was discharged to a rehab facility in good health. Shortly after discharge home from rehab, she developed sudden shortness of breath and had cardiac arrest. Resuscitation was unsuccessful. On histological examination of lung tissue, fibrous connective tissue around the lumen of the pulmonary artery is observed. Which of the following is the most likely pathogenesis for the present findings?
Options:
(A) Thromboembolism
(B) Pulmonary ischemia
(C) Pulmonary hypertension
(D) Pulmonary passive congestion
Answer: | Thromboembolism |
You are a medical doctor taking the US Medical Licensing Examination. You need to demonstrate your understanding of basic and clinical science, medical knowledge, and mechanisms underlying health, disease, patient care, and modes of therapy. Show your ability to apply the knowledge essential for medical practice. For the following multiple-choice question, select one correct answer from A to E. | Question: A 20-year-old woman presents with menorrhagia for the past several years. She says that her menses “have always been heavy”, and she has experienced easy bruising for as long as she can remember. Family history is significant for her mother, who had similar problems with bruising easily. The patient's vital signs include: heart rate 98/min, respiratory rate 14/min, temperature 36.1°C (96.9°F), and blood pressure 110/87 mm Hg. Physical examination is unremarkable. Laboratory tests show the following: platelet count 200,000/mm3, PT 12 seconds, and PTT 43 seconds. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient’s symptoms?
Options:
(A) Hemophilia A
(B) Lupus anticoagulant
(C) Protein C deficiency
(D) Von Willebrand disease
Answer: | Von Willebrand disease |
As an expert doctor in clinical science and medical knowledge, can you tell me if the following statement is correct? Answer yes, no, or maybe. | Question: Are group 2 innate lymphoid cells ( ILC2s ) increased in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps or eosinophilia?
Answer: | yes |
As an expert doctor in clinical science and medical knowledge, can you tell me if the following statement is correct? Answer yes, no, or maybe. | Question: Does vagus nerve contribute to the development of steatohepatitis and obesity in phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase deficient mice?
Answer: | yes |
As an expert doctor in clinical science and medical knowledge, can you tell me if the following statement is correct? Answer yes, no, or maybe. | Question: Does psammaplin A induce Sirtuin 1-dependent autophagic cell death in doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7/adr human breast cancer cells and xenografts?
Answer: | yes |
As an expert doctor in clinical science and medical knowledge, can you tell me if the following statement is correct? Answer yes, no, or maybe. | Question: Is methylation of the FGFR2 gene associated with high birth weight centile in humans?
Answer: | yes |
As an expert doctor in clinical science and medical knowledge, can you tell me if the following statement is correct? Answer yes, no, or maybe. | Question: Do tumor-infiltrating immune cell profiles and their change after neoadjuvant chemotherapy predict response and prognosis of breast cancer?
Answer: | yes |