90 年代的大学网管如何使用 Linux
Linux
![](/data/attachment/album/201812/18/110800anejj11nnqn8int8.jpg)


在上世纪 90 年代中期，我报名了计算机科学课。我大学的计算机科学系为学生提供了一台 SunOS 服务器，它是一个多用户、多任务的 Unix 系统。我们登录它并编写我们学习的编程语言代码，例如 C、C++ 和 ADA。在那时，在社交网络和 IM 出现之前，我们还使用该系统发送电子邮件和使用诸如 `write` 和 `talk` 之类的程序来相互通信。我们每个人被允许托管一个个人网站。我很高兴能够使用它完成我的作业并联系其他用户。


这是我第一次体验这种类型的操作环境，但我很快就了解了另一个可以做同样事情的操作系统：Linux。


那会我还是学生，我在大学找了份兼职工作。我的第一个职位是住房和住宅部（H＆R）的网络安装人员。这工作涉及到将学生宿舍与校园网络连接起来。由于这是该大学的第一个宿舍网络服务，因此只有两幢楼和大约 75 名学生连上了网。


在第二年，该网络扩展到另外两幢楼。H＆R 决定让该大学的信息技术办公室（OIT）管理这不断增长的业务。我进入 OIT 并开始担任 OIT 网络经理的学生助理。这就是我发现 Linux 的方式。我的新职责之一是管理防火墙系统，它为宿舍提供网络和互联网访问。


每个学生都注册了他们硬件的 MAC 地址。注册的学生可以连接到宿舍网络并获得 IP 地址及访问互联网。与大学使用的其他昂贵的 SunOS 和 VMS 服务器不同，这些防火墙使用运行着自由开源的 Linux 操作系统的低成本计算机。截至年底，该系统已注册近 500 名学生。


![Red hat Linux install disks](/data/attachment/album/201812/18/110845heq4xqs2xqs9ey55.png "Red hat Linux install disks")


OIT 网络工作人员使用 Linux 运行 HTTP、FTP 和其他服务。他们还在个人桌面上使用 Linux。就在那时，我意识到我手上的计算机看起来和运行起来就像 CS 系昂贵的 SunOS 机器一样，但没有高昂的成本。Linux 可以在商用 x86 硬件上运行，例如有 8 MB RAM 和 133Mhz Intel Pentium CPU 的 Dell Latitude。那对我来说是个卖点！我在从一个存货仓库中清理出来的机器上安装了 Red Hat Linux 5.2，并给了我的朋友登录帐户。


我使用我的新 Linux 服务器来托管我的网站并向我的朋友提供帐户，同时它还提供 CS 系服务器没有的图形功能。它使用了 X Windows 系统，我可以使用 Netscape Navigator 浏览网页，使用 [XMMS](http://www.xmms.org/) 播放音乐，并尝试不同的窗口管理器。我也可以下载并编译其他开源软件并编写自己的代码。


我了解到 Linux 提供了一些非常先进的功能，其中许多功能比更主流的操作系统更方便或更优越。例如，许多操作系统尚未提供应用更新的简单方法。在 Linux 中，这很简单，感谢 [autoRPM](http://www.ccp14.ac.uk/solution/linux/autorpm_redhat7_3.html)，一个由 Kirk Bauer 编写的更新管理器，它向 root 用户每日发送邮件，其中包含可用的更新。它有一个直观的界面，用于审查和选择要安装的软件更新 —— 这对于 90 年代中期来说非常了不起。


当时 Linux 可能并不为人所知，而且它经常受到怀疑，但我确信它会存活下来。而它确实生存下来了！




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via: <https://opensource.com/article/18/5/my-linux-story-student>


作者：[Alan Formy-Duval](https://opensource.com/users/alanfdoss) 选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972) 译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出


OK
In the mid-1990s, I was enrolled in computer science classes. My university’s computer science department provided a SunOS server—a multi-user, multitasking Unix system—for its students. We logged into it and wrote source code for the programming languages we were learning, such as C, C++, and ADA. In those days, well before social networks and instant messaging, we also used the system to communicate with each other, sending emails and using utilities such as `write`

and `talk`

. We were each also allowed to host a personal website. I enjoyed being able to complete my assignments and contact other users.

It was my first experience with this type of operating environment, but I soon learned about another operating system that could do the same thing: Linux.

While I was a student, I also worked part-time at the university. My first position was as a network installer in the Department of Housing and Residence (H&R). This involved connecting student dormitories to the campus network. As this was the university's first dormitory network service, only two buildings and about 75 students had been connected.

In my second year, the network expanded to cover an additional two buildings. H&R decided to let the university’s Office of Information Technology (OIT) manage this growing operation. I transferred to OIT and started the position of Student Assistant to the OIT Network Manager. That is how I discovered Linux. One of my new responsibilities was to manage the firewall systems that provided network and internet access to the dormitories.

Each student was registered with their hardware MAC address. Registered students could connect to the dorm network and receive an IP address and a route to the internet. Unlike the other expensive SunOS and VMS servers used by the university, these firewalls used low-cost computers running the free and open source Linux operating system. By the end of the year, the system had registered nearly 500 students.

The OIT network staff members were using Linux for HTTP, FTP, and other services. They also used Linux on their personal desktops. That's when I realized I had my hands on a computer system that looked and acted just like the expensive SunOS box in the CS department but without the high cost. Linux could run on commodity x86 hardware, such as a Dell Latitude with 8 MB of RAM and a 133Mhz Intel Pentium CPU. That was the selling point for me! I installed Red Hat Linux 5.2 on a box scavenged from the surplus warehouse and gave my friends login accounts.

While I used my new Linux server to host my website and provide accounts to my friends, it also offered graphics capabilities over the CS department server. Using the X Windows system, I could browse the web with Netscape Navigator, play music with [XMMS](http://www.xmms.org/), and try out different window managers. I could also download and compile other open source software and write my own code.

I learned that Linux offered some pretty advanced features, many of which were more convenient than or superior to more mainstream operating systems. For example, many operating systems did not yet offer simple ways to apply updates. In Linux, this was easy, thanks to [autoRPM](http://www.ccp14.ac.uk/solution/linux/autorpm_redhat7_3.html), an update manager written by Kirk Bauer, which sent the root user a daily email with available updates. It had an intuitive interface for reviewing and selecting software updates to install—pretty amazing for the mid-'90s.

Linux may not have been well-known back then, and it was often received with skepticism, but I was convinced it would survive. And survive it did!

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