10 个 Linux 中方便的 Bash 别名
bash 别名

> 
> 对 Bash 长命令使用压缩的版本来更有效率。
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![](/data/attachment/album/201810/10/131959nzmz33cp66nt6atp.png)


你有多少次在命令行上输入一个长命令，并希望有一种方法可以保存它以供日后使用？这就是 Bash 别名派上用场的地方。它们允许你将长而神秘的命令压缩为易于记忆和使用的东西。需要一些例子来帮助你入门吗？没问题！


要使用你创建的 Bash 别名，你需要将其添加到 `.bash_profile` 中，该文件位于你的家目录中。请注意，此文件是隐藏的，并只能从命令行访问。编辑此文件的最简单方法是使用 Vi 或 Nano 之类的东西。


### 10 个方便的 Bash 别名


1、 你有几次遇到需要解压 .tar 文件但无法记住所需的确切参数？别名可以帮助你！只需将以下内容添加到 `.bash_profile` 中，然后使用 `untar FileName` 解压缩任何 .tar 文件。



```
alias untar='tar -zxvf '
```

2、 想要下载的东西，但如果出现问题可以恢复吗？



```
alias wget='wget -c '
```

3、 是否需要为新的网络帐户生成随机的 20 个字符的密码？没问题。



```
alias getpass="openssl rand -base64 20"
```

4、 下载文件并需要测试校验和？我们也可做到。



```
alias sha='shasum -a 256 '
```

5、 普通的 `ping` 将永远持续下去。我们不希望这样。相反，让我们将其限制在五个 `ping`。



```
alias ping='ping -c 5'
```

6、 在任何你想要的文件夹中启动 Web 服务器。



```
alias www='python -m SimpleHTTPServer 8000'
```

7、 想知道你的网络有多快？只需下载 Speedtest-cli 并使用此别名即可。你可以使用 `speedtest-cli --list` 命令选择离你所在位置更近的服务器。



```
alias speed='speedtest-cli --server 2406 --simple'
```

8、 你有多少次需要知道你的外部 IP 地址，但是不知道如何获取？我也是。



```
alias ipe='curl ipinfo.io/ip'
```

9、 需要知道你的本地 IP 地址？



```
alias ipi='ipconfig getifaddr en0'
```

10、 最后，让我们清空屏幕。



```
alias c='clear'
```

如你所见，Bash 别名是一种在命令行上简化生活的超级简便方法。想了解更多信息？我建议你 Google 搜索“Bash 别名”或在 Github 中看下。




---


via: <https://opensource.com/article/18/9/handy-bash-aliases>


作者：[Patrick H.Mullins](https://opensource.com/users/pmullins) 选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972) 译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出


OK
How many times have you repeatedly typed out a long command on the command line and wished there was a way to save it for later? This is where Bash aliases come in handy. They allow you to condense long, cryptic commands down to something easy to remember and use. Need some examples to get you started? No problem!

To use a Bash alias you've created, you need to add it to your .bash_profile file, which is located in your home folder. Note that this file is hidden and accessible only from the command line. The easiest way to work with this file is to use something like Vi or Nano.

## 10 handy Bash aliases

- How many times have you needed to unpack a .tar file and couldn't remember the exact arguments needed? Aliases to the rescue! Just add the following to your .bash_profile file and then use
**untar FileName**to unpack any .tar file.

`alias untar='tar -zxvf '`


- Want to download something but be able to resume if something goes wrong?

`alias wget='wget -c '`


- Need to generate a random, 20-character password for a new online account? No problem.

`alias getpass="openssl rand -base64 20"`


- Downloaded a file and need to test the checksum? We've got that covered too.

`alias sha='shasum -a 256 '`


- A normal ping will go on forever. We don't want that. Instead, let's limit that to just five pings.

`alias ping='ping -c 5'`


- Start a web server in any folder you'd like.

`alias www='python -m SimpleHTTPServer 8000'`


- Want to know how fast your network is? Just download Speedtest-cli and use this alias. You can choose a server closer to your location by using the
**speedtest-cli --list**command.

`alias speed='speedtest-cli --server 2406 --simple'`


- How many times have you needed to know your external IP address and had no idea how to get that info? Yeah, me too.

`alias ipe='curl ipinfo.io/ip'`


- Need to know your local IP address?

`alias ipi='ipconfig getifaddr en0'`


- Finally, let's clear the screen.

`alias c='clear'`


As you can see, Bash aliases are a super-easy way to simplify your life on the command line. Want more info? I recommend a quick Google search for "Bash aliases" or a trip to GitHub.

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