最古老的活跃 Linux 发行版 Slackware 终于发布了第 15 版
Slackware

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> 带着 Linux 内核 5.15 LTS 和 KDE Plasma 5.23 的最新改进，Slackware 15.0 已经来到。
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![](/data/attachment/album/202202/05/131749nfvjvppj4jgre1er.png)


欢呼吧！Linux 粉丝们会很高兴地知道，传奇发行版 Slackware 在很久之后发布了一个新版本。或许你不知道，Slackware 上一个版本的发布要追溯到 2016 年。


当开发者在去年（2021 年）2 月宣布 Slackware 15.0 的计划时，整个 Linux 社区都为此感到兴奋。


从年初的 Alpha 版本开始，在过去的一年里，开发人员在 Slackware Linux 15.0 的开发中取得了快速进展。经过一段时间后，他们发布了其最后一个候选版本，但现在它发布了！


让我们来看看 Slackware 15.0 有哪些新内容。


### Slackware 15.0 的新内容


![](/data/attachment/album/202202/05/131751oo5x3g88x8zwtoog.png)


如前所述，Slackware 15.0 有许多变化。不要忘了，在最终发布之前，它可是发布了一个测试版和两个候选发布版（RC）。


如果你一直在关注我们的报道，早在去年 4 月份你就可能已经看到了我们的 [测试版](https://news.itsfoss.com/slackware-15-beta-release/) 报道。


在测试版 / RC 版中，还有一些东西没有被披露。因此，在这里，我们会介绍它的所有重要内容。


#### Linux 内核 5.15 LTS


Slackware 15 的主要亮点是增加了最新的 [Linux 内核 5.15 LTS](https://news.itsfoss.com/linux-kernel-5-15-release/)。这与我们在测试版中注意到的 Linux 内核 5.10 LTS 相比，有了很大的飞跃。


![](/data/attachment/album/202202/05/131752xt8qp30rdbdp5dnb.png)


值得注意的是，Slackware 团队在确定使用 Linux 内核 5.15.19 之前测试了数百个 Linux 内核版本。在发布说明中提到：



> 
> 在最终宣布 Slackware 15.0 稳定版的过程中，我们在过去一年里实际上构建了超过 400 个不同的 Linux 内核版本（相比之下，我们在开发 Slackware 14.2 时测试了 34 个内核版本）。在 Greg Kroah-Hartman 确认 5.15.19 版内核将获得至少到 2023 年 10 月（很可能比这更久）的长期支持后，我们最终选择了它。
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如果你感到好奇，Linux 内核 5.15 带来了一些更新，如增强的 NTFS 驱动支持和对英特尔 / AMD 处理器以及苹果 M1 芯片的改进。它还增加了对英特尔第 12 代处理器的初步支持。


总的来说，有了 Linux 内核 5.15 LTS，对于这个最古老的活跃 Linux 发行版，你应该会得到良好的硬件兼容性。


Linux 内核提供了两种版本，一种是带驱动的，不需要 initrd；另一种是依靠 initrd 来加载内核模块。发行说明中提到了更多关于它的内容：



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> 像往常一样，内核提供了两种类型：通用内核和巨型内核。巨型内核包含足够多的内置驱动程序，在大多数情况下不需要 initrd 来启动系统。通用内核需要使用 initrd 来加载挂载根文件系统所需的内核模块。使用通用内核可以节省一些内存，并可能避免一些启动时的警告。我强烈建议使用通用内核以获得最佳的内核模块兼容性。
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#### KDE Plasma 5.23 和 Xfce 4.16


谈到 KDE，你应该会发现 KDE Plasma 软件包更新到了 5.23，而 KDE 框架则更新到了 5.88 版本。


[KDE Plasma 5.23](https://news.itsfoss.com/kde-plasma-5-23-release/) 是 KDE 的 25 周年纪念版，包括了 UI 的改进，以及一系列细微的变化来改善用户体验。


除此之外，Slackware 15 还配备了 Xfce 4.16 作为桌面环境选项之一。


#### 对 PipeWire 和 Wayland 的支持


作为 PulseAudio 的替代品，Slackware 15 加入了对 PipeWire 的支持。


而且，对于那些想摆脱 X11 的用户来说，对 Wayland 的支持也在这个版本中出现。


#### 32 位支持


因为 Slackware 是 [适合 32 位系统的 Linux 发行版](https://itsfoss.com/32-bit-linux-distributions/) 之一，最新版本提供了特定的内核版本来支持它。


从技术上讲，有 SMP 和非 SMP 内核，分别用于单核和多核处理器。


建议使用 SMP 内核以获得更好的性能和内存管理，但是如果你的处理器比奔腾 3 还要老，非 SMP 内核应该会派上用场。


#### 其他改进


![](/data/attachment/album/202202/05/131753flcywzk5nnch0z5d.png)


一些技术上的升级包括 GCC 编译器升级到 11.2.0 版本。相当多的安全和错误也得到了解决。


公告上还说，开发人员正专注于将 Python 更新到 3.3.4 版本，以修复 Samba 的构建。


其他基本软件包和应用程序，如网络管理器、OpenSSH、Krita、Falkon 浏览器和 Ocular 也得到了升级。Mozilla Firefox 和 Thunderbird 也被更新到它们最新的可用软件包。


如果你想获得这个版本的所有技术细节，你可以查看 [官方更新日志](http://www.slackware.com/changelog/current.php?cpu=x86_64)。其它一些重要的内容包括：


* 改进了 Slackware pkgtools，使软件安装体验无障碍，消除了并行冲突。
* Slackware 15 首次包括一个 `make_world.sh` 脚本，以帮助从源代码重建整个操作系统。
* 增加了更多的脚本，以方便重建安装程序和内核包。
* 抛弃了 Qt4，转而使用 Qt5。
* 增加了对<ruby> 特权访问管理 <rt>  Privileged Access Management </rt></ruby>（PAM）的支持，以支持那些不支持<ruby> 影子 <rt>  shadow </rt></ruby>密码的较新项目。


值得注意的是，你不能简单地从 Slackware 14.2 升级。因此，最好是进行一次全新的安装。


* Slackware 15 x86\_64： [ftp://ftp.slackware.com/pub/slackware-iso/slackware64-15.0-iso](file:///Users/xingyuwang/develop/TranslateProject-wxy/sources/news/ftp:/ftp.slackware.com/pub/slackware-iso/slackware64-15.0-iso)
* Slackware 15 x86\_32： [ftp://ftp.slackware.com/pub/slackware-iso/slackware-15.0-iso](file:///Users/xingyuwang/develop/TranslateProject-wxy/sources/news/ftp:/ftp.slackware.com/pub/slackware-iso/slackware-15.0-iso)


无论是哪种情况，你都应该保留一份数据备份，如果你对使用新的 ISO 安装不感兴趣，可以尝试按照 [官方升级说明](https://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/slackware/slackware64-15.0/UPGRADE.TXT) 来进行。


### 总结


Slackware 是最古老的仍然活跃的 Linux 发行版，我很高兴看到 Slackware 有了新的版本。


虽然它仍然推荐给有经验的用户或手工爱好者使用，但最新的 Slackware 15.0 也支持 UEFI 和旧系统。如果你正在寻求冒险，并希望为你的桌面安装一个独特的 Linux 发行版，你可以试试 Slackware 15。


你用过 Slaceware 吗？你会测试 Slackware 15.0 吗？你认为 Slackware 的未来会是怎样的呢？




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via: <https://news.itsfoss.com/slackware-15-release/>


作者：[Rishabh Moharir](https://news.itsfoss.com/author/rishabh/) 选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972) 译者：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出


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Rejoice! Linux fans will be pleased to know that the legendary distro, Slackware, has received a new release after a long time. For those unaware, Slackware’s latest version was released way back in 2016.

The entire Linux community was thrilled about it when the devs announced the plans for Slackware 15.0 in February, last year (2021).

The devs had made rapid progress in the development of Slackware Linux 15.0 in the past year, starting with an alpha release at the beginning of the year. It took a while considering its last release candidate release, but it is here now!

Let’s take a look at what’s new with Slackware 15.0

## What’s New in Slackware 15.0?

![](https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2022/02/slackware-15-screenshot.png)

As mentioned before, Slackware 15.0 has received many changes. Not to forget, it involved a beta release and two release candidate (RC) announcements before the final release.

If you have been following our coverage, you may have had come across our [beta release](https://news.itsfoss.com/slackware-15-beta-release/) coverage, back in April.

There were a few things that weren’t revealed with its beta/RC releases. So, here, we mention everything important about it.

### Linux Kernel 5.15 LTS

The major highlight of Slackware 15 is the addition of the latest [Linux Kernel 5.15 LTS](https://news.itsfoss.com/linux-kernel-5-15-release/). This is a big jump from Linux Kernel 5.10 LTS that we noticed in the beta release.

![](https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2022/02/slackware-15-about.png)

Interestingly, the Slackware team tested hundreds of Linux Kernel versions before settling on Linux Kernel 5.15.19. The release note mentions:

We’ve actually built over 400 different Linux kernel versions over the years it took to finally declare Slackware 15.0 stable (by contrast, we tested 34 kernel versions while working on Slackware 14.2). We finally ended up on kernel version 5.15.19 after Greg Kroah-Hartman confirmed that it would get long-term support until at least October 2023 (and quite probably for longer than that).


In case you are curious, Linux Kernel 5.15 brings in updates like enhanced NTFS driver support and improvements for Intel/AMD processors and Apple’s M1 chip. It also adds initial support for Intel 12th gen processors.

Overall, with Linux Kernel 5.15 LTS, you should get a good hardware compatibility result for the oldest active Linux distro.

The Linux Kernel is offered in two flavors, one baked in with drivers which does not need initrd and the relies on initrd to load the kernel modules. The release notes mention more about it:

As usual, the kernel is provided in two flavors, generic and huge. The huge kernel contains enough built-in drivers that in most cases an initrd is not needed to boot the system. The generic kernels require the use of an initrd to load the kernel modules needed to mount the root filesystem. Using a generic kernel will save some memory and possibly avoid a few boot time warnings. I’d strongly recommend using a generic kernel for the best kernel module compatibility as well.


### KDE Plasma 5.23 and Xfce 4.16

Speaking about KDE, you should find KDE Plasma packages updated to 5.23 while KDE Frameworks was updated to version 5.88.

[KDE Plasma 5.23](https://news.itsfoss.com/kde-plasma-5-23-release/) is KDE’s 25th-anniversary edition release that included UI improvements, and a wide range of subtle changes to improve the user experience.

In addition to this, Slackware 15 also comes with Xfce 4.16 as one of the desktop environment options.

### Support for PipeWire and Wayland

As an alternative to PulseAudio, the support for PipeWire was added to Slackware 15.

And, for users who want to get away from X11, the support for Wayland also landed with this release.

### 32-bit Support

Considering Slackware is one of the [suitable Linux distributions for 32-bit systems](https://itsfoss.com/32-bit-linux-distributions/?ref=news.itsfoss.com), the latest version features specific kernel versions to support it.

Technically, there are SMP and non-SMP kernels for single-core and multi-core processors.

The SMP kernel is recommended for better performance and memory management, but if you have a processor older than the Pentium III, the non-SMP kernel should come in handy.

### Other Improvements

![](https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2022/02/slackware-firefox.png)

Some technical upgrades include GCC compiler being upgraded to version 11.2.0. Quite a lot of security and bugs were also addressed.

The announcement furthermore said that the devs were focusing on updating Python Markdown to version 3.3.4 to fix the Samba build.

Other essential packages and apps like Network Manager, OpenSSH, Krita, Falkon browser and Ocular also received upgrades. Mozilla Firefox and Thunderbird were updated to their latest available packages as well.

You can check out the [official changelog](http://www.slackware.com/changelog/current.php?cpu=x86_64&ref=news.itsfoss.com) if you want to get all the technical details for this release. Some important ones include:

- Slackware pkgtools received improvements to make the software installation experience hassle-free, without parallel collisions.
- Slackware 15 includes a “make_world.sh” script for the first time to help rebuild the OS from source code.
- More scripts have been added to easily rebuild the installer and kernel packages.
- Dropped Qt4 and moved to Qt 5.
- Added support for Privileged Access Management (PAM) to support newer projects that did not support shadow passwords.

It is important to note that you cannot easily upgrade from Slackware 14.2. So, it is best to perform a fresh installation.

In either case, you should keep a backup of your data, and can try to follow the [official upgrade instructions](https://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/slackware/slackware64-15.0/UPGRADE.TXT?ref=news.itsfoss.com) if you are not interested to install using the new ISO.

## Wrapping Up

I’m excited to see Slackware get a new release, considering the fact that it is still the oldest active Linux distro.

While it is still a recommendation for experienced users or tinkerers, the latest Slackware 15.0 supports UEFI and old systems. If you are looking for an adventure and want a unique Linux distro for your desktop, you can try Slackware 15.

*Will you be testing out Slackware 15.0? What do you think lies ahead for the future of Slackware?*

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