微软 Exchange 的一个开源替代方案
Exchange 群件

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> 开源用户现在有了一个强大的、功能齐全的群件选择。
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![](/data/attachment/album/202109/29/141404pesw8xgh8oohwhjh.jpg "Working on a team, busy worklife")


多年来，微软 Exchange 作为一个平台牢牢统治着群件环境。然而，在 2020 年末，一个奥地利的开源软件开发商推出了 [grommunio](https://grommunio.com/en/)，这是一个群件服务器和客户端，其外观和感觉让 Exchange 和 Outlook 用户感到很熟悉。


grmmunio 项目可以很好地替代 Exchange。开发者以与微软相同的方式将组件连接到平台上，它们支持 RPC （远程过程调用）与 HTTP 协议。据开发者介绍，grommunio 还包括许多常见的群件接口，如 IMAP、POP3、SMTP、EAS（Exchange ActiveSync）、EWS（Exchange Web Services）、CalDAV 和 CardDAV。有了这样广泛的支持，grommunio 可以顺利地整合到现有的基础设施中。


用户会注意到对 Outlook、Android 和 iOS 客户端来说几乎没有区别。当然，作为开源软件，它也支持其他客户端。由于集成了原生的 Exchange 协议，Outlook 和智能手机与 grommunio 的通信就像与微软 Exchange 服务器一样。日常的企业用户可以继续使用他们现有的客户端，而 grommunio 服务器则在后台安静地运行。


### 不仅仅是邮件


除了邮件功能外，grommunio 界面还提供了日历系统。可以直接在日历显示中或在一个新标签中点击创建约会。这很直观，正如你对现代工具的期望。用户可以创建、管理和分享日历以及地址簿。私人联系人或普通联系人都支持，而且你可以与同事分享一切。


任务管理在左边的下拉菜单中显示任务列表，它们可以有一个所有者和多个合作者。你可以为每个任务指定截止日期、类别、附件和其他属性。笔记可以以同样的方式被管理并与其他团队成员共享。


### 聊天、视频会议和文件同步


除了现代群件的所有标准功能外，grommunio 还提供聊天、视频会议和文件同步功能。它为企业实现了大规模的全面整合，具有极高的性能。对于开源的推动者来说，这是一个简单的选择，对于系统管理员来说，这是一个强大的选择。因为 grommunio 的目标是整合而不是重新发明，所以所有的组件都是标准的开源工具。


![Screenshot of grommunio meeting space](/data/attachment/album/202109/29/141414b6abaz3e6zgnc3g2.png "grommunio meeting space")


*用于高级视频会议的 Jitsi 集成（Markus Feilner, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)）*


在 grommunio 会议功能的背后是 [Jitsi](https://opensource.com/article/20/5/open-source-video-conferencing)，它以熟悉的用户界面顺利地集成到 grommunio 的用户界面中。完全集成和集中管理的聊天功能是基于 [Mattermost](https://opensource.com/education/16/3/mattermost-open-source-chat)。


![Screenshot of grommunio's town square for chat](/data/attachment/album/202109/29/141414nq2317pfkx3jqjz4.png "grommunio's town square for chat")


*用于聊天的 Mattermost（Markus Feilner，[CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)）*


[ownCloud](https://owncloud.com/) 承诺提供企业级的文件共享和同步，在点击“文件”按钮后开始。


![Screenshot of grommunio file sharing space](/data/attachment/album/202109/29/141415a1mpe9o5lb17ml27.png "Owncloud for file synchronization and exchange")


*用于文件同步和交换的 ownCloud（Markus Feilner，[CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)）*


grommunio 项目有一个强大的管理界面，包括角色、域和组织管理、预测性监测和自助服务门户。基于 shell 的向导指导管理员完成安装和从微软 Exchange 迁移数据。开发团队正在不断努力，以实现更好的整合和更集中的管理，并随之为管理员提供更好的工作流程。


![Screenshot of grommunio dashboards](/data/attachment/album/202109/29/141415z0b0rz5fcb75bl9s.png "Screenshot of grommunio dashboards")


*grommunio 的管理界面（Markus Feilner, [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)）*


### 探索 grommunio


grommunio 项目的目标很高，但它的开发者已经付出了努力，这一点很明显。一家专门从事税务咨询的德国托管服务机构最近宣布，他们的客户可以使用 grommunio，这是一个德国数据保护法特别严厉的行业。grommunio 项目做得很好：将现有的、成功的概念干净地结合在一起，实现了开放、安全和符合隐私的通信。




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via: <https://opensource.com/article/21/9/open-source-groupware-grommunio>


作者：[Markus Feilner](https://opensource.com/users/mfeilner) 选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972) 译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出


OK
Microsoft Exchange has for many years been nearly unavoidable as a platform for groupware environments. Late in 2020, however, an Austrian open source software developer introduced [grommunio](https://grommunio.com/en/), a groupware server and client with a look and feel familiar to Exchange and Outlook users.

The grommunio project functions well as a drop-in replacement for Exchange. The developers connect components to the platform the same way Microsoft does, and they support RPC (Remote Procedure Call) with the HTTP protocol. According to the developers, grommunio also includes numerous interfaces of common groupware such as IMAP, POP3, SMTP, EAS (Exchange ActiveSync), EWS (Exchange Web Services), CalDAV, and CardDAV. With such broad support, grommunio integrates smoothly into existing infrastructures.

Users will notice little difference among Outlook, Android, and iOS clients. Of course, as open source software, it supports other clients, too. Outlook and smartphones communicate with grommunio just as they do with a Microsoft Exchange server, thanks to their integrated, native Exchange protocols. An everyday enterprise user can continue to use their existing clients with the grommunio server quietly running in the background.


## More than just mail

In addition to mail functions, a calendaring system is available in the grommunio interface. Appointments can be created by clicking directly in the calendar display or in a new tab. It's intuitive and just what you'd expect from a modern tool. Users can create, manage, and share calendars as well as address books. Private contacts or common contacts are possible, and you can share everything with colleagues.

Task management shows a list of tasks on the left in a drop-down menu, and they can have both one owner and multiple collaborators. You can assign deadlines, categories, attachments, and other attributes to each task. In the same way, notes can be managed and shared with other team members.

## Chat, video conferences, and file sync

In addition to all the standard features of modern groupware, grommunio also offers chat, video conferencing, and file synchronization. It does this with full integration on a large scale for the enterprise, with extraordinarily high performance. It's an easy choice for promoters of open source and a powerful option for sysadmins. Because grommunio aims to integrate rather than reinvent, all components are standard open source tools.

![grommunio meeting space Screenshot of grommunio meeting space](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/jitsi_0.png)

Jitsi integration for advanced video conferences (Markus Feilner, CC BY-SA 4.0)

Behind the meeting function in grommunio is [Jitsi](https://opensource.com/article/20/5/open-source-video-conferencing), smoothly integrated into the grommunio UI with a familiar user interface. The chat feature, fully integrated and centrally managed, is based on [Mattermost](https://opensource.com/education/16/3/mattermost-open-source-chat).

![grommunio's town square for chat Screenshot of grommunio's town square for chat](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mattermost.png)

Mattermost for chat (Markus Feilner, CC BY-SA 4.0)

[ownCloud](https://owncloud.com/), which promises enterprise-level file sharing and synchronization, starts after a click on the Files button.

![Owncloud for file synchronization and exchange Screenshot of grommunio file sharing space](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/owncloud_0.png)

Owncloud for file synchronization and exchange (Markus Feilner, CC BY-SA 4.0)

The grommunio project has a powerful administrative interface, including roles, domain and organization management, predictive monitoring, and a self-service portal. Shell-based wizards guide admins through installation and migration of data from Microsoft Exchange. The development team is constantly working for better integration and more centralization for management, and with that comes a better workflow for admins.

![Screenshot of grommunio dashboards Screenshot of grommunio dashboards](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/grommunio_interface_0.png)

grommunio's admin interface (Markus Feilner, CC BY-SA 4.0)

## Explore grommunio

The grommunio project has lofty goals, but its developers have put in the work, and it shows. A German hosting service specializing in tax consultants—a sector where German data protection laws are especially tough—recently announced that grommunio is available to their customers. The grommunio project gets a lot right: a clean combination of existing, successful concepts working together to enable open, secure, and privacy-compliant communication.

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