我是如何毁掉我的树莓派的
树莓派 电源
![](/data/attachment/album/202303/21/154709mhtffmtaze85utjb.jpg)



> 
> 多测量几次总比测量一次好。我掉到坑里，希望你可以不用。
> 
> 
> 


我想写一篇文章来演示“如何使用树莓派实现莫某的自动化”，或围绕树莓派的其他一些有趣、好奇或有用的应用。正如你可能从标题中意识到的那样，我不能再提供这样的文章了，因为我毁了我心爱的树莓派。


树莓派是每个技术爱好者办公桌上的标准设备。因此，大量教程和文章告诉你可以用它做什么。这篇文章反而涵盖了阴暗面：我描述了你最好不要做的事情！


### 电缆颜色


在谈到实际的破坏点之前，我想提供一些背景。在房屋内外进行电气工作时，你必须处理不同颜色的电缆。在德国，每栋房子都连接到三相交流电网，你通常会发现以下电缆颜色：


* 零线：蓝色
* （PE）地线：黄绿色
* （L1）火线 1：棕色
* （L2）火线 2：黑色
* （L3）火线 3：灰色


例如，给灯接线时，你接零线（N，蓝色）和火线（L，有 1/3 的机会是棕色），它们之间的电压为 230V 交流电。


### 连接树莓派


今年早些时候，我写了一篇关于 [OpenWrt，家用路由器固件的开源替代品](https://opensource.com/article/22/7/openwrt-open-source-firmware) 的文章。在文章中，我使用了 TP-link 路由器设备。但是，最初的计划是使用我的树莓派 4。


![OpenWrt and Raspberry Pi comparison](/data/attachment/album/202303/21/154541e04jty5jqm1b31k1.jpg)


我的想法是构建一个旅行路由器，我可以将其安装在我的大篷车中以改善露营地的互联网连接（我是那种离不开互联网的露营者）。为此，我在我的树莓派中添加了一个单独的 USB 无线网卡以连接第二个 Wifi 天线并安装了 [OpenWrt](https://openwrt.org/)。此外，我添加了一个 12V 至 5V DC/DC 转换器来连接大篷车中的 12V 接线。我用桌上的 12V 汽车电池测试了这个设置，它按预期工作。一切设置和配置完成后，我开始将其安装到我的大篷车中。


在我的大篷车里，我找到了一根蓝色和一根棕色的电线，将它与 12V 至 5V DC/DC 转换器相连，将保险丝放回，然后……


![DC converter device](/data/attachment/album/202303/21/154547q5cfl6hql2ml2q26.jpg)


这个芯片，自己爆开了，它才是真正的降压变压器。我非常自信地认为蓝线是在 0V 电位上，棕色的是在 12V 上，我甚至没有测量。后来我了解到，蓝色的线是在 12V 上，而棕色的线是接地（这在汽车电子产品中很常见）。


### 总结


自从这次事故后，我的树莓派就再也启动不起来了。由于树莓派的价格飞涨，我不得不寻找替代品。幸运的是，我遇到了 TP-Link 旅行路由器，它也可以运行 Open-WRT 并且可以令人满意地完成它的工作。


最后：多测量几次总比测量一次好。




---


via: <https://opensource.com/article/23/3/how-i-destroyed-my-raspberry-pi>


作者：[Stephan Avenwedde](https://opensource.com/users/hansic99) 选题：[lkxed](https://github.com/lkxed/) 译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出


OK
I wanted to write an article demonstrating "How to automate XYZ with the Raspberry Pi" or some other interesting, curious, or useful application around the Raspberry Pi. As you might realize from the title, I cannot offer such an article anymore because I destroyed my beloved Raspberry Pi.

The Raspberry Pi is a standard device on every technology enthusiast's desk. As a result, tons of tutorials and articles tell you what you can do with it. This article instead covers the dark side: I describe what you had better not do!


## Cable colors

I want to provide some background before I get to the actual point of destruction. You have to deal with different cable colors when doing electrical work in and around the house. Here in Germany, each house connects to the three-phase AC supply grid, and you usually find the following cable colors:

- Neutral conductor: Blue
- (PE) Protective conductor: Yellow-green
- (L1) Phase 1: Brown
- (L2) Phase 2: Black
- (L3) Phase 3: Grey

For example, when wiring a lamp, you pick up neutral (N, blue) and phase (L, 1/3 chance that it is brown), and you get 230V AC between them.

## Wiring the Raspberry Pi

Earlier this year, I wrote an article about [OpenWrt, an open source alternative to firmware for home routers](https://opensource.com/article/22/7/openwrt-open-source-firmware). In the article, I used a TP-link router device. However, the original plan was to use my Raspberry Pi model 4.

![OpenWrt and Raspberry Pi comparison](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/2023-03/OpenWrt_Comparison_RaspberryPi.jpg)

(Stephan Avenwedde, CC BY-SA 4.0)

The idea was to build a travel router that I could install in my caravan to improve the internet connectivity at a campsite (I'm the kind of camper who can't do without the internet). To do so, I added a separate USB-Wifi-dongle to my Raspberry Pi to connect a second Wifi antenna and installed [OpenWrt](https://openwrt.org/). Additionally, I added a 12V-to-5V DC/DC converter to connect with the 12V wiring in the caravan. I tested this setup with a 12V vehicle battery on my desk, and it worked as expected. After everything was set up and configured, I started to install it in my caravan.

In my caravan, I found a blue and a brown wire, connected it with the 12V-to-5V DC/DC converter, put the fuses back in, and…

![DC converter device](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/2023-03/dc_converter.png)

(Stephan Avenwedde, CC BY-SA 4.0)

The chip, which disassembled itself, is the actual step-down transformer. I was so confident that the blue wire was on 0V potential and the brown one was on 12V that I didn't even measure. I have since learned that the blue cable is on 12V, and the brown cable is on ground potential (which is pretty common in vehicle electronics).

## Wrap up

Since this accident, my Raspberry Pi has never booted up. Because the prices for the Raspberry Pi have skyrocketed, I had to find an alternative. Luckily, I came across the TP-Link travel router, which can also run Open-WRT and does its job satisfactorily. In closing: It's better to measure too often than one time too few.

## 2 Comments