PHP 终于摆脱了危险的公共汽车系数 2
PHP 公共汽车系数
![](/data/attachment/album/202111/29/001252kxgqy38q4h439qxe.jpg)


鉴于最近发生的事件，它也许没有 [维基百科上关于这个想法的文章](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bus_factor) 中所说的那么“黑色幽默”，但理论仍然是一样的 —— 你目前的团队中要有多少成员突然消失才能使你的组织或项目陷入停顿？这个数字被称为“<ruby> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bus_factor">  公共汽车系数 </a> <rp>  （ </rp> <rt>  bus factor </rt> <rp>  ） </rp></ruby>”，也就是说，有多少人被公共汽车撞到才会导致项目停止运作。今年早些时候，[PHP 贡献者 Joe Watkins](https://github.com/krakjoe) 认为，[PHP 的公共汽车系数是一个惊人的数字，即 2！](https://blog.krakjoe.ninja/2021/05/avoiding-busses.html)


Watkins 当时写道：“也许只要有两个人一觉醒来决定干点别的事情，PHP 项目就会缺乏足够的专业技术和资源，从而无法以目前的形式和速度向前发展，”他点名了 [Dmitry Stogov](https://twitter.com/dstogov?lang=en) 和 [Nikita Popov](https://twitter.com/nikita_ppv?lang=en)。


上周，幸好 Nikita Popov 没有被公共汽车撞到，但他确实决定不再担任 PHP 相关的职务，而是将他的活动集中在 [LLVM](https://llvm.org/) 上。



> 
> PHP 太大了，不能失败，特别是由于 WordPress 继续依赖它。所以很高兴看到这个新的基金会形成。
> 
> 
> —— Richard MacManus (@ricmac) [2021 年 11 月 22 日](https://t.co/3wulgfM0eq)
> 
> 
> 


同样值得庆幸的是，Watkins 在今年早些时候的文章让一些人看到了眼前的情况，正如他在本周的 [后续文章](https://blog.krakjoe.ninja/2021/11/2-1.html) 中写到的，JetBrains（Popov 的雇主）当时就启动 PHP 基金会的问题联系了他。


本周，随着 Popov 的离职，[PHP 基金会](https://opencollective.com/phpfoundation) [正式启动](https://blog.jetbrains.com/phpstorm/2021/11/the-php-foundation/)，目标是资助兼职/全职开发人员在 2022 年从事 [PHP 核心](https://github.com/php/php-src) 的开发工作。


在启动时，将会有 10 家公司（[Automattic](https://automattic.com/)、[Laravel](https://laravel.com/)、[Acquia](https://www.acquia.com/)、[Zend](https://www.zend.com/)、[Private Packagist](https://packagist.com/)、[Symfony](https://symfony.com/)、[Craft CMS](https://craftcms.com/)、[Tideways](https://tideways.com/)、[PrestaShop](https://www.prestashop.com/) 和 [JetBrains](https://www.jetbrains.com/)）作为其支持者加入 PHP 基金会 ，预计每年将筹集 30 万美元，JetBrains 每年出资 10 万美元。同时，该基金会是通过“<ruby> 基金会即服务 <rp>  （ </rp> <rt>  foundation-as-a-service </rt> <rp>  ） </rp></ruby>”供应商 [Open Collective](https://opencollective.com/) 发起的，只有不到 700 名捐款人就已经为该基金会筹集了 4 万多美元。


创建基金会而不是坚持现状的主要好处之一，不仅仅是增加了公共汽车系数 —— 基金会将使对 PHP 的影响多样化。Watkins 指出，在 PHP 的大部分历史中，Dmitry Stogov 的雇主 Zend 一直是主要的财务支持者，因此对该语言的发展方向有一定的影响。同样，JetBrains 在雇用 Popov 开发 PHP 的时候，也增加了影响力。


“说他们没有影响到整个语言的发展方向是不正确的。事实上，他们影响了。语言的许多部分和它的内部结构都是由 Zend 推动的，由他们的预算和专门的工程师促成的，”Watkins 写道。“同样，在 Nikita 为 JetBrains 工作的相对较短的时间内，他们也有某种影响，如果说他们没有，那就是说 Nikita 在受雇于 JetBrains 之前和期间的产出没有区别。”


虽然 Watkins 说，所有的事情都是光明正大的，并且经过了标准的程序来确保如此，但影响力还是不容置疑的，“基金会代表了一种推动语言发展的新方式。它为我们提供了提高公共汽车系数的机制，使我们永远不会再面临我们今天面临的问题，以及过去面临的问题。”


基金会以 [临时管理机构](https://blog.jetbrains.com/phpstorm/2021/11/the-php-foundation/#foundation_administration) 启动，成员包括 Popov、Stogov 和 Watkins。而且 JetBrains 写道，[php-src](https://github.com/php/php-src) 的任何贡献者都可以向基金会 [申请](https://forms.gle/mk52v6FphaYr6yMS8) 资助，申请期立即开始，持续 28 天。至于未来会发生什么，PHP 基金会将在前两年把工作重点放在雇用开发人员从事 PHP 核心工作上。至于目前的 RFC 流程，JetBrains 写道，“不会改变，语言的决定将始终留给 PHP 内部社区。”



> 
> 我为 PHP 基金会做出了贡献，如果你能做到的话，一定会鼓励你也这样做。每一点都能让基金会更强大，并帮助我们的语言和社区！#phpc
> 
> 
> —— Matt Trask (@matthewtrask) [2021 年 11 月 22 日](https://t.co/rWyWC5Dz50)
> 
> 
> 




---


via: <https://thenewstack.io/php-gets-a-foundation-to-work-on-php-core/> 


作者：[Mike Melanson](https://thenewstack.io/author/mike-melanson/) 选题：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) 译者：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](/article-14028-1.html) 荣誉推出


OK
# PHP Gets a Foundation to Work on PHP Core

![Featued image for: PHP Gets a Foundation to Work on PHP Core](https://cdn.thenewstack.io/media/2021/11/c7cbb688-this_week_in_programming.png)

Given recent events, it’s perhaps less “darkly humorous” than the [Wikipedia article on the idea](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bus_factor) suggests, but the theory remains the same — how many members of your current team would need to suddenly disappear to grind your organization or project to a halt? That number is known as your [bus factor](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bus_factor), as in, how many people would need to be hit by a bus for everything to stop working, and earlier this year, [PHP contributor Joe Watkins](https://github.com/krakjoe) argued that [the bus factor for PHP was a shocking number two](https://blog.krakjoe.ninja/2021/05/avoiding-busses.html).

“Maybe as few as two people would have to wake up this morning and decide they want to do something different with their lives in order for the PHP project to lack the expertise and resources to move it forward in its current form, and at current pace,” Watkins wrote at the time, naming [Dmitry Stogov](https://twitter.com/dstogov?lang=en) and [Nikita Popov](https://twitter.com/nikita_ppv?lang=en) as those two.

Well, last week, Nikita Popov was thankfully not hit by a bus, but he did decide to move on from his role with PHP to instead focus his activities on [LLVM](https://llvm.org/).

PHP is too big to fail, especially due to WordPress continuing to rely on it. So it’s good to see this new foundation forming.

[https://t.co/3wulgfM0eq]— Richard MacManus (@ricmac)

[November 22, 2021]

Also thankfully, Watkins’ article earlier this year opened some eyes to the situation at hand and, as he writes in a [follow-up article](https://blog.krakjoe.ninja/2021/11/2-1.html) this week, JetBrains (Popov’s employer) reached out to him at the time regarding starting a PHP Foundation.

This week, with Popov’s departure, the [PHP Foundation](https://opencollective.com/phpfoundation) was [officially launched](https://blog.jetbrains.com/phpstorm/2021/11/the-php-foundation/) with the goal of funding part/full-time developers to work on the [PHP core](https://github.com/php/php-src) in 2022.

At launch, the PHP Foundation will count 10 companies — [Automattic](https://automattic.com/), [Laravel](https://laravel.com/), [Acquia](https://www.acquia.com/), [Zend](https://www.zend.com/), [Private Packagist](https://packagist.com/), [Symfony](https://symfony.com/), [Craft CMS](https://craftcms.com/), [Tideways](https://tideways.com/), [PrestaShop](https://www.prestashop.com/), and [JetBrains](https://www.jetbrains.com/) — among its backers, with an expectation to raise $300,000 per year, and with JetBrains contributing $100,000 annually. Alongside that, the foundation is being launched using foundation-as-a-service provider [Open Collective](https://opencollective.com/), and just under 700 contributors have already raised more than $40,000 for the foundation.

One of the key benefits to creating a foundation, rather than sticking with the status quo, goes beyond increasing the bus factor — it diversifies the influences on PHP. Watkins points out that, for much of the history of PHP, Zend, the employer of Dmitry Stogov, has been a primary financial backer, and as such has had some amount of influence on the language’s direction. Similarly, JetBrains had increased influence during its time employing Popov on PHP.

“To say they have not influenced the direction of the language as a whole would just not be true. Indeed, they have: Many parts of the language and its internals have been shaped by the fact that Zend pushed for them, enabled by their budget and dedicated engineer or engineers,” writes Watkins. “It’s also true that in the relatively short time that Nikita was with JetBrains, they too had some kind of influence, to say they didn’t would be to say there has been no difference between Nikita’s output before and during his employment with JetBrains.”

While Watkins says that everything has been above board and gone through standard processes to ensure so, influence is nonetheless indisputable, and that “The Foundation represents a new way to push the language forward. It provides us the mechanism by which to raise the bus factor, so that we never face the problems we face today, and have faced in the past.”

The foundation launches with a [temporary administration](https://blog.jetbrains.com/phpstorm/2021/11/the-php-foundation/#foundation_administration'), counting Popov, Stogov, and Watkins among the members, and JetBrains writes that any contributor to [php-src](https://github.com/php/php-src) may [apply](https://forms.gle/mk52v6FphaYr6yMS8) to the Foundation for funding, with the application period beginning immediately and lasting for 28 days. As for what will happen moving forward, the PHP Foundation will focus its efforts over the first two years on hiring developers to work on PHP core. The current RFC process, JetBrains writes, “will not change, and language decisions will always be left to the PHP Internals community.”

I contributed to the PHP Foundation, and would definitely encourage you to do the same if you can. Every little bit makes the foundation stronger and helps our language and community!

[#phpc][https://t.co/rWyWC5Dz50]— matt trask (@matthewtrask)

[November 22, 2021]

## This Week in Programming

**.NET and Open Source at re:Invent 2021:**With Amazon’s[re:Invent 2021](https://reinvent.awsevents.com/)conference coming up first thing next week, the company has put out a couple of guides to the event that we thought might be worth mentioning this week. First, there has been a lot of talk about .NET lately, with the[recent .NET 6 release](https://thenewstack.io/visual-studio-2022-and-net-6-finally-arrive/), and AWS has written up a blog post about all things[.NET at re:Invent 2021](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/developer/net-at-reinvent-2021/). The post lists the various breakout sessions that will be available to both in-person and virtual attendees, such as “What’s new with .NET development and deployment on AWS” and “Build high-performance .NET serverless architectures on AWS” among several others. The[AWS attendee guide for Open Source at re:Invent 2021](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/opensource/aws-attendee-guide-for-open-source-at-reinvent-2021/), meanwhile, takes a similar approach and lists out the various breakout sessions concerning open source, such as an “Introduction to GraphQL” or “Using Rust to minimize environmental impact”. The in-person event runs from Nov. 29 to Dec. 3, but the virtual event continues on for another week until December 10 and is entirely free to attend.

Let’s talk about the Rust moderation team resigning. I don’t know anything about it beyond

[https://t.co/V8y8v0roC2]– so let’s get meta.— Adam Jacob (@adamhjk)

[November 22, 2021]

**Amazon Previews Amazon Linux 2022:**Amazon has[previewed](https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/whats-new/2021/11/preview-amazon-linux-2022/)a new, general-purpose Linux distribution for AWS called[Amazon Linux 2022 (AL2022)](https://aws.amazon.com/linux/amazon-linux-2022/), which it says is “designed to provide a secure, stable, and high-performance execution environment to develop and run your cloud applications.” The company has committed to providing a new major version every two years, with support for five years following, with quarterly updates for the latest software — although how you update will be entirely up to you. Right now, Amazon users choose between Amazon Linux 1 and Amazon Linux 2, but AL2022 will combine their benefits while offering “a predictable, two-year release cycle, so customers can plan for operating system upgrades as part of their product lifecycles.” AL2022 is based on upstream Fedora, has SELinux enabled and enforced by default, and is now available in preview at no additional charge. Head on over to the[documentation](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/linux/al2022/ug/)for more information.**In Case You’re Still Confused About Docker Business:**By now, you’ve heard all about[Docker’s changes to its fee structure](https://thenewstack.io/docker-defends-desktop-pricing-says-support-led-to-faster-features/), especially regarding Docker Desktop, but you might still have some questions. Well, Docker recently held a[webinar](https://www.docker.com/events/webinars/management-security-at-scale-docker-business)and was left with some questions, and has now put out a blog post to[answer your remaining Docker Business questions](https://www.docker.com/blog/your-docker-business-questions-answered/). For example, will you need to pay for Docker Desktop? Even if you don’t use the Docker Desktop UI? What do you have to do by Jan. 31, 2022? Click through for the answers to those questions and more, or check out the[Docker subscription cheat sheet](https://www.docker.com/sites/default/files/d8/2021-11/Docker__Which_Subscription_Is_Right_For_You_111721_V5.pdf?utm_campaign=2021-11-16-pricing-cheat-sheet&utm_medium=blog&utm_source=cheat-sheet)or[FAQ](https://www.docker.com/pricing/faq).

The moment when you mention PHP in your new employer’s Slack and you draw out all the PHP haters.

— Jeremy Lindblom (@jeremeamia)

[November 23, 2021]

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