在 Fedora 中获取最新的 Ansible 2.8
Ansible
![](/data/attachment/album/201906/21/191741dusvu6jujm764i7s.jpg)


Ansible 是世界上最受欢迎的自动化引擎之一。它能让你自动化几乎任何事情，从本地系统的设置到大量的平台和应用。它是跨平台的，因此你可以将其用于各种操作系统。请继续阅读以获取有关如何在 Fedora 中获取最新 Ansible，以及它的一些更改和改进，以及如何使用它。


### 发布版本和功能


Ansible 2.8 最近发布了，其中包含许多修复、功能和增强。仅仅几天之后，它就可在 Fedora 29 和 30 以及 EPEL 中获取。两周前发布了后续版本 2.8.1。同样，新版本在几天内就可以在 Fedora 中获取。


[使用 sudo](https://fedoramagazine.org/howto-use-sudo/) 能够非常容易地从官方仓库安装：



```
$ sudo dnf -y install ansible
```

2.8 版本有很长的更新列表，你可以在 [2.8 的迁移指南](https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/porting_guides/porting_guide_2.8.html)中阅读查看。但其中包含了一些好东西，比如 *Python 解释器发现功能* 。Ansible 2.8 现在会试图找出哪个 Python 是它所运行的平台的首选版本。如果失败，Ansible 会使用后备列表。但是，你仍然可以使用变量 `ansible_python_interpreter` 来设置 Python 解释器。


另一个变化使 Ansible 在各个平台上更加一致。由于 `sudo` 专用于 UNIX/Linux，而其他平台并没有，因此现在在更多地方使用 `become`。这包括了命令行开关。例如，`-ask-sudo-pass` 已变成了 `-ask-become-pass`，提示符也变成了 `BECOME password:`。


2.8 和 2.8.1 版本中还有许多其他功能。有关所有细节，请查看 [GitHub 上的官方更新日志](https://github.com/ansible/ansible/blob/stable-2.8/changelogs/CHANGELOG-v2.8.rst)。


### 使用 Ansible


也许你不确定 Ansible 是否可以实际使用。别担心，你并不是唯一一个这样想的，因为它太强大了。但事实证明，它并不难以使用，在一个家庭内的几台电脑（甚至一台电脑）上设置都可以。


我们之前在 Fedora Magazine 中也讨论过这个话题：


* [使用 Ansible 设置工作站](https://fedoramagazine.org/using-ansible-setup-workstation/)


试试看 Ansible，说下你的想法。很重要的一部分是让 Fedora 保持最新版本。自动化快乐！




---


via: <https://fedoramagazine.org/get-the-latest-ansible-2-8-in-fedora/>


作者：[Paul W. Frields](https://fedoramagazine.org/author/pfrields/) 选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972) 译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出


OK
Ansible is one of the most popular automation engines in the world. It lets you automate virtually anything, from setup of a local system to huge groups of platforms and apps. It’s cross platform, so you can use it with all sorts of operating systems. Read on for more information on how to get the latest Ansible in Fedora, some of its changes and improvements, and how to put it to use.

## Releases and features

Ansible 2.8 was recently released with many fixes, features, and enhancements. It was available in Fedora mere days afterward as an official update in Fedora 29 and 30, as well as EPEL. The follow-on version 2.8.1 released two weeks ago. Again, the new release was available within a few days in Fedora.

Installation is, of course, easy to do from the official Fedora repositories [using sudo](https://fedoramagazine.org/howto-use-sudo/):

$ sudo dnf -y install ansible

The 2.8 release has a long list of changes, and you can read them in the [Porting Guide for 2.8](https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/porting_guides/porting_guide_2.8.html). But they include some goodies, such as *Python interpreter discovery.* Ansible 2.8 now tries to figure out which Python is preferred by the platform it runs on. In cases where that fails, Ansible uses a fallback list. However, you can still use a variable *ansible_python_interpreter* to set the Python interpreter.

Another change makes Ansible more consistent across platforms. Since *sudo* is more exclusive to UNIX/Linux, and other platforms don’t have it, *become* is now used in more places. This includes command line switches. For example, *–ask-sudo-pass* has become *–ask-become-pass*, and the prompt is now *BECOME password:* instead.

There are many more features in the 2.8 and 2.8.1 releases. Do check out the [official changelog on GitHub](https://github.com/ansible/ansible/blob/stable-2.8/changelogs/CHANGELOG-v2.8.rst) for all the details.

## Using Ansible

Maybe you’re not sure if Ansible is something you could really use. Don’t worry, you might not be alone in thinking that, because it’s so powerful. But it turns out that it’s not hard to use it even for simple or individual setups like a home with a couple computers (or even just one!).

We covered this topic earlier in the Fedora magazine as well:

Give Ansible a try and see what you think. The great part about it is that Fedora stays quite up to date with the latest releases. Happy automating!

## Neville A. Cross

I tried Ansible and was interesting to have a easy way to get your computer as you wanted after fresh install. From update, to set some user settings, installing rpmfusion and packages.

To me, the odd thing is the documentation. There is no big picture of how you make a playbook. There is plenty of examples of each action, but I have to stumble my way to a functioning structure. I only know it works, but not sure is efficient.

Nevertheless, I enjoyed until Fedora 30. It deprecated a python 2 package. Supposedly, the new version of Ansible will auto-discover the proper python interpreter. It is not working for me. Maybe because my twisted setup. In any case, it is possible to force the python3 interpreter. It is very clearly explained how, but not where. I stumbled again my way to making it work.

So, besides some hiccups, it is really amazing what it can do for an individual computer. I bet it works wonders for people having to deal with many computers and servers.

## Paul W. Frields

@Neville: I found that the easiest way to learn Ansible playbooking was by looking at other people’s playbooks. GitHub, for instance, has many examples of personal playbooks. If you’re looking for something much more complex, the Fedora infrastructure team maintains a public repository with lots of interesting usage. As for variables like the one that sets Python interpreter, they work in many places depending on the scope where you want them to apply, so there’s not one answer as to where to use them.

## Stephen

Hello @Neville,

You could check this thread on the topic https://discussion.fedoraproject.org/t/how-i-automated-my-fedora-workstation-with-modular-ansible-roles/579, it seems pertinent to your question.