何谓 Linux 用户？
Linux

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> “Linux 用户”这一定义已经拓展到了更大的范围，同时也发生了巨大的改变。
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![](/data/attachment/album/201908/15/211706trkbzp8juhbzifia.jpg)


*编者按: 本文更新于 2019 年 6 月 11 日下午 1:15:19，以更准确地反映作者对 Linux 社区中开放和包容的社区性的看法。*


再有不到两年，Linux 内核就要迎来它 30 岁的生日了。让我们回想一下！1991 年的时候你在哪里？你出生了吗？那年我 13 岁！在 1991 到 1993 年间只推出了少数几款 Linux 发行版，至少它们中的三个：Slackware、Debian 和 Red Hat 为 Linux 运动发展提供了[支柱](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_distribution#/media/File:Linux_Distribution_Timeline.svg)。


当年获得 Linux 发行版的副本，并在笔记本或服务器上进行安装和配置，和今天相比是很不一样的。当时是十分艰难的！也是令人沮丧的！如果你让能让它运行起来，就是一个了不起的成就！我们不得不与不兼容的硬件、设备上的配置跳线、BIOS 问题以及许多其他问题作斗争。甚至即使硬件是兼容的，很多时候，你仍然需要编译内核、模块和驱动程序才能让它们在你的系统上工作。


如果你当时经过过那些，你可能会表示赞同。有些读者甚至称它们为“美好的过往”，因为选择使用 Linux 意味着仅仅是为了让操作系统继续运行，你就必须学习操作系统、计算机体系架构、系统管理、网络，甚至编程。但我并不赞同他们的说法，窃以为：Linux 在 IT 行业带给我们的最让人惊讶的改变就是，它成为了我们每个人技术能力的基础组成部分!


将近 30 年过去了，无论是桌面和服务器领域 Linux 系统都有了脱胎换骨的变换。你可以在汽车上，在飞机上，家用电器上，智能手机上……几乎任何地方发现 Linux 的影子！你甚至可以购买预装 Linux 的笔记本电脑、台式机和服务器。如果你考虑云计算，企业甚至个人都可以一键部署 Linux 虚拟机，由此可见 Linux 的应用已经变得多么普遍了。


考虑到这些，我想问你的问题是：**这个时代如何定义“Linux 用户”？**


如果你从 System76 或 Dell 为你的父母或祖父母购买一台 Linux 笔记本电脑，为其登录好他们的社交媒体和电子邮件，并告诉他们经常单击“系统升级”，那么他们现在就是 Linux 用户了。如果你是在 Windows 或 MacOS 机器上进行以上操作，那么他们就是 Windows 或 MacOS 用户。令人难以置信的是，与 90 年代不同，现在的 Linux 任何人都可以轻易上手。


由于种种原因，这也归因于 web 浏览器成为了桌面计算机上的“杀手级应用程序”。现在，许多用户并不关心他们使用的是什么操作系统，只要他们能够访问到他们的应用程序或服务。


你知道有多少人经常使用他们的电话、桌面或笔记本电脑，但不会管理他们系统上的文件、目录和驱动程序？又有多少人不会安装“应用程序商店”没有收录的二进制文件程序？更不要提从头编译应用程序，对我来说，几乎全是这样的。这正是成熟的开源软件和相应的生态对于易用性的改进的动人之处。


今天的 Linux 用户不需要像上世纪 90 年代或 21 世纪初的 Linux 用户那样了解、学习甚至查询信息，这并不是一件坏事。过去那种认为 Linux 只适合工科男使用的想法已经一去不复返了。


对于那些对计算机、操作系统以及在自由软件上创建、使用和协作的想法感兴趣、好奇、着迷的 Linux 用户来说，Liunx 依旧有研究的空间。如今在 Windows 和 MacOS 上也有同样多的空间留给创造性的开源贡献者。今天，成为 Linux 用户就是成为一名与 Linux 系统同行的人。这是一件很棒的事情。


### Linux 用户定义的转变


当我开始使用 Linux 时，作为一个 Linux 用户意味着知道操作系统如何以各种方式、形态和形式运行。Linux 在某种程度上已经成熟，这使得“Linux 用户”的定义可以包含更广泛的领域及那些领域里的人们。这可能是显而易见的一点，但重要的还是要说清楚：任何 Linux 用户皆“生”而平等。




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via: <https://opensource.com/article/19/6/what-linux-user>


作者：[Anderson Silva](https://opensource.com/users/ansilva/users/petercheer/users/ansilva/users/greg-p/users/ansilva/users/ansilva/users/bcotton/users/ansilva/users/seth/users/ansilva/users/don-watkins/users/ansilva/users/seth) 选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972) 译者：[qfzy1233](https://github.com/qfzy1233) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出


OK
Editor's note: this article was updated on Jun 11, 2019, at 1:15:19 PM to more accurately reflect the author's perspective on an open and inclusive community of practice in the Linux community.

In only two years, the Linux kernel will be 30 years old. Think about that! Where were you in 1991? Were you even born? I was 13! Between 1991 and 1993 a few Linux distributions were created, and at least three of them—Slackware, Debian, and Red Hat–provided the [backbone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_distribution#/media/File:Linux_Distribution_Timeline.svg) the Linux movement was built on.

Getting a copy of a Linux distribution and installing and configuring it on a desktop or server was very different back then than today. It was hard! It was frustrating! It was an accomplishment if you got it running! We had to fight with incompatible hardware, configuration jumpers on devices, BIOS issues, and many other things. Even if the hardware was compatible, many times, you still had to compile the kernel, modules, and drivers to get them to work on your system.

If you were around during those days, you are probably nodding your head. Some readers might even call them the "good old days," because choosing to use Linux meant you had to learn about operating systems, computer architecture, system administration, networking, and even programming, just to keep the OS functioning. I am not one of them though: Linux being a regular part of everyone's technology experience is one of the most amazing changes in our industry!

Almost 30 years later, Linux has gone far beyond the desktop and server. You will find Linux in automobiles, airplanes, appliances, smartphones… virtually everywhere! You can even purchase laptops, desktops, and servers with Linux preinstalled. If you consider cloud computing, where corporations and even individuals can deploy Linux virtual machines with the click of a button, it's clear how widespread the availability of Linux has become.

With all that in mind, my question for you is: **How do you define a "Linux user" today?**

If you buy your parent or grandparent a Linux laptop from System76 or Dell, log them into their social media and email, and tell them to click "update system" every so often, they are now a Linux user. If you did the same with a Windows or MacOS machine, they would be Windows or MacOS users. It's incredible to me that, unlike the '90s, Linux is now a place for anyone and everyone to compute.

In many ways, this is due to the web browser becoming the "killer app" on the desktop computer. Now, many users don't care what operating system they are using as long as they can get to their app or service.

How many people do you know who use their phone, desktop, or laptop regularly but can't manage files, directories, and drivers on their systems? How many can't install a binary that isn't attached to an "app store" of some sort? How about compiling an application from scratch?! For me, it's almost no one. That's the beauty of open source software maturing along with an ecosystem that cares about accessibility.

Today's Linux user is not required to know, study, or even look up information as the Linux user of the '90s or early 2000s did, and that's not a bad thing. The old imagery of Linux being exclusively for bearded men is long gone, and I say good riddance.

There will always be room for a Linux user who is interested, curious, *fascinated* about computers, operating systems, and the idea of creating, using, and collaborating on free software. There is just as much room for creative open source contributors on Windows and MacOS these days as well. Today, being a Linux user is being anyone with a Linux system. And that's a wonderful thing.

## The change to what it means to be a Linux user

When I started with Linux, being a user meant knowing how to the operating system functioned in every way, shape, and form. Linux has matured in a way that allows the definition of "Linux users" to encompass a much broader world of possibility and the people who inhabit it. It may be obvious to say, but it is important to say clearly: anyone who uses Linux is an equal Linux user.

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