编程语言排行榜：Python 排名第二，首次领先于 Java
Python

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> 在 Tiobe 指数近 20 年的历史中，Python 第一次成为第二大流行语言。
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> 
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![](/data/attachment/album/202011/05/221022xoj9858ipiqzihh9.jpg)


Tiobe 这么多年以来发布的指数中，29 岁的 Python 首次超过了 25 岁 Java，成为第二受欢迎的编程语言。


**在[最新的 Tiobe 指数](https://www.tiobe.com/tiobe-index/)中，数据科学和机器学习项目的首选语言 Python，现在排名仅次于 C 语言，排在第二位，将 Java 打落到第三位。**


![](/data/attachment/album/202011/05/212317rv12bhh2yhr5x1tt.png)


*2020 年 10 月编程排行榜前 3 名*


这是 Tiobe 指数近 20 年的历史上，第一次出现 Java 和 C 语言不是两大顶级语言的情况。第三也是 Java 在 Tiobe 指数中的最低位置。Tiobe 指数使用多个搜索引擎上的查询来得出其[评级](https://www.tiobe.com/tiobe-index/programming-languages-definition/)。


Python 显示比一年前的位置上升了 2.27%，这与同期 Java 下降了 -4.47% 形成鲜明对比。


![](/data/attachment/album/202011/05/212141b712i8q229kwqsw5.png)


*历年前 10 名编程语言的年度平均排名*


在 [7 月份开发者分析机构 RedMonk 的编程语言受欢迎程度排名](https://www.zdnet.com/article/programming-language-popularity-python-overtakes-java-as-rust-reaches-top-20/)中，Python 也从 Java 手中抢走了第二名。不过，RedMonk 将 JavaScript 列为顶级语言。这是 RedMonk 的前两名首次不由 Java 或 JavaScript 组成。


根据电气工程出版物《IEEE Spectrum》的最新流行度排名，[Python 已经是最受欢迎的语言](https://www.zdnet.com/article/top-programming-languages-python-rules-still-but-old-cobol-gets-a-pandemic-bump/)。


虽然 Python 在机器学习和数值计算等不断增长的科技领域获得了广泛的应用，但 Tiobe 首席执行官 Paul Jansen 认为，Python 最近的流行度激增是因为它足够简单，非程序员也能使用，而不是一种只适合高级程序员的语言。


“我相信 Python 的流行与普遍需求有关”，Jansen 写道，“过去，大多数编程活动都是由软件工程师完成的，但现在到处都需要编程技能，而且缺乏优秀的软件开发人员。”


“因此，我们需要一些简单的、可以由非软件工程师处理的东西，需要一些容易学习、编写周期快、部署流畅的东西。Python 满足了所有这些需求。”


RedMonk 的 Stephen O'Grady 对 Python 近年来的崛起有一个稍微不同的解释。


O'Grady [将 Python 与全盛时期的 Perl 相提并论](https://www.zdnet.com/article/programming-language-popularity-python-overtakes-java-as-rust-reaches-top-20/)，因为 Python 已经成为成千上万个小型项目的“首选语言”和“粘合剂”，同时在数据科学等不断增长的类别中享有很高的采用率。


但正如 Perl 今天所显示的那样（它在 Tiobe 指数中排名第 12 位），即使是曾经在某些开发者社区中大受欢迎的语言，也会相对迅速地衰落。


同样，Python 的未来也无法保证，它在构建移动和浏览器应用或任何有用户界面的东西方面也有明显的局限性。


![](/data/attachment/album/202011/05/212719ueozccm2ocozzsff.jpg)


*C、Python、Java 编程语言的评分变化*


流行的 Python 数据科学发行版的开发商 Anaconda 的 CEO Peter Wang 最近[告诉 ZDNet](https://www.zdnet.com/article/programming-language-python-is-a-big-hit-for-machine-learning-but-now-it-needs-to-change/)，Python 作为后端系统自动化和脚本的语言的价值使它很难被取代。


虽然他是 Python 的主要支持者，但他也认为 Python 需要制定一个清晰的愿景，以保持与数据科学以外的其他应用开发语言的竞争力。




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via: <https://www.zdnet.com/article/programming-language-pythons-popularity-ahead-of-java-for-first-time-but-still-trailing-c/> 


作者：[Liam Tung](https://www.zdnet.com/meet-the-team/eu/liam-tung/) 译者：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](/article-12791-1.html) 荣誉推出


OK
# Programming language Python's popularity: Ahead of Java for first time but still trailing C

![liam-tung](https://www.zdnet.com/a/img/resize/29c962da89e5ff926d96ab17da4b507aff9b4410/2022/09/02/7cb2d998-5981-4249-93fc-8b3a7f80f09a/liam-tung.jpg?auto=webp&fit=crop&frame=1&height=192&width=192)

For the first time in Tiobe's long-running index, 35-year-old Python has overtaken Java to become the second-most popular programming language.

Python, a top choice for data-science and machine-learning projects, is now in second spot behind C in [Tiobe's latest index](https://www.tiobe.com/tiobe-index/), knocking Java down into third place.

### Developer

It's the first time in the Tiobe index's nearly 20-year history that Java and C aren't the two top languages. Third is also the lowest position Java has ever held in the Tiobe index, which uses queries on several search engines to come up with its ratings.

**SEE: ****Hiring Kit: Python developer**** (TechRepublic Premium)**

Python shows a 2.27% rise over its position a year ago, which contrasts with a decline of -4.47% for Java over the same period.

Python also snatched second place from Java in developer analyst [RedMonk's programming-language popularity rankings in July](https://www.zdnet.com/article/programming-language-popularity-python-overtakes-java-as-rust-reaches-top-20/). However, RedMonk ranks JavaScript as the top language. It was the first time RedMonk's top two did not consist of Java or JavaScript.

Python is already the top language, according to electrical engineering publication IEEE Spectrum's [latest popularity rankings](https://www.zdnet.com/article/top-programming-languages-python-rules-still-but-old-cobol-gets-a-pandemic-bump/).

While Python has gained wide adoption in growing areas of tech like machine learning and numerical computing, Tiobe CEO Paul Jansen argues that Python's recent surge in popularity is because it's simple enough to use by non-programmers, rather than being a language only for advanced programmers.

"I believe that Python's popularity has to do with general demand," writes Jansen. "In the past, most programming activities were performed by software engineers. But programming skills are needed everywhere nowadays and there is a lack of good software developers.

"As a consequence, we need something simple that can be handled by non-software engineers, something easy to learn with fast edit cycles and smooth deployment. Python meets all these needs."

RedMonk's Stephen O'Grady had a slightly different explanation for Python's ascent in recent years.

O'Grady [compared Python to Perl in its heyday](https://www.zdnet.com/article/programming-language-popularity-python-overtakes-java-as-rust-reaches-top-20/) because Python has become a "language of first resort" and the "glue" for thousands of small projects, while enjoying high adoption in growing categories such as data science.

But as Perl today shows – it's ranked 12th in Tiobe's index – even languages that were once hugely popular with certain communities of developers can fade relatively quickly.

**SEE: ****Linux and open-source jobs are hotter than ever**

Likewise Python's future isn't guaranteed and it has notable limitations in building mobile and browser apps or anything with a user interface.

Peter Wang, CEO of Anaconda, the maker of a popular Python distribution for data science, [recently told ZDNet](https://www.zdnet.com/article/programming-language-python-is-a-big-hit-for-machine-learning-but-now-it-needs-to-change/) that Python's value as a lingua franca for backend system automation and scripting made it a tough thing to displace.

While he is a major supporter of Python, he also argued Python needs to lay out a clear vision to stay competitive with other application development languages outside data science.

Python has recorded the largest percentage increase in popularity of any language in Tiobe's top 20 listing.

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**Programming languages: Rust enters top 20 popularity rankings for the first time**

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