用 Linux 翻新旧的 MacBook
MacBook

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> 不要把你又旧又慢的 MacBook 扔进垃圾桶。用 Linux Mint 延长它的寿命。
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![](/data/attachment/album/202104/27/225241mdbp59t67699r9de.jpg "Writing Hand")


去年，我写了篇关于如何用 Linux 赋予[旧 MacBook 的新生命](https://opensource.com/article/20/2/macbook-linux-elementary)的文章，在例子中提到了 Elementary OS。最近，我用回那台 2015 年左右的 MacBook Air，发现遗失了我的登录密码。我下载了最新的 Elementary OS 5.1.7 Hera，但无法让实时启动识别我的 Broadcom 4360 无线芯片组。


最近，我一直在使用 [Linux Mint](https://linuxmint.com/) 来翻新旧的笔记本电脑，我想在这台 MacBook Air 上试一下。我下载了 Linux Mint 20.1 ISO，并在我的 Linux 台式电脑上使用 [Popsicle](https://github.com/pop-os/popsicle) 创建了一个 USB 启动器。


![Popsicle ISO burner](/data/attachment/album/202104/27/225300eauz8v83uyaytf8z.png "Popsicle ISO burner")


接下来，我将 Thunderbolt 以太网适配器连接到 MacBook，并插入 USB 启动器。我打开系统电源，按下 MacBook 上的 Option 键，指示它从 USB 驱动器启动系统。


Linux Mint 在实时启动模式下启动没问题，但操作系统没有识别出无线连接。


### 我的无线网络在哪里？


这是因为为苹果设备制造 WiFi 卡的公司 Broadcom 没有发布开源驱动程序。这与英特尔、Atheros 和许多其他芯片制造商形成鲜明对比，但它是苹果公司使用的芯片组，所以这是 MacBook 上的一个常见问题。


我通过我的 Thunderbolt 适配器有线连接到以太网，因此我 *是* 在线的。通过之前的研究，我知道要让无线适配器在这台 MacBook 上工作，我需要在 Bash 终端执行三条独立的命令。然而，在安装过程中，我了解到 Linux Mint 有一个很好的内置驱动管理器，它提供了一个简单的图形用户界面来协助安装软件。


![Linux Mint Driver Manager](/data/attachment/album/202104/27/225300q8cj4l4pdmsmncnl.png "Linux Mint Driver Manager")


该操作完成后，我重启了安装了 Linux Mint 20.1 的新近翻新的 MacBook Air。Broadcom 无线适配器工作正常，使我能够轻松地连接到我的无线网络。


### 手动安装无线


你可以从终端完成同样的任务。首先，清除 Broadcom 内核源码的残余。



```
$ sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source

```

然后添加一个固件安装程序：



```
$ sudo apt install firmware-b43-installer

```

最后，为系统安装新固件：



```
$ sudo apt install linux-firmware

```

### 将 Linux 作为你的 Mac 使用


我安装了 [Phoronix 测试套件](https://www.phoronix-test-suite.com/) 以获得 MacBook Air 的系统信息。


![MacBook Phoronix Test Suite output](/data/attachment/album/202104/27/225301cnu6p7lx707uzh77.png "MacBook Phoronix Test Suite output")


系统工作良好。对内核 5.4.0-64-generic 的最新更新显示，无线连接仍然存在，并且我与家庭网络之间的连接为 866Mbps。Broadcom 的 FaceTime 摄像头不能工作，但其他东西都能正常工作。


我非常喜欢这台 MacBook 上的 [Linux Mint Cinnamon 20.1](https://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=284) 桌面。


![Linux Mint Cinnamon](/data/attachment/album/202104/27/225301v52cpz6ctddh85ut.png "Linux Mint Cinnamon")


如果你有一台因 macOS 更新而变得缓慢且无法使用的旧 MacBook，我建议你试一下 Linux Mint。我对这个发行版印象非常深刻，尤其是它在我的 MacBook Air 上的工作情况。它无疑延长了这个强大的小笔记本电脑的寿命。




---


via: <https://opensource.com/article/21/4/restore-macbook-linux>


作者：[Don Watkins](https://opensource.com/users/don-watkins) 选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972) 译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出


OK
Last year, I wrote about how you can give [new life to an old MacBook](https://opensource.com/article/20/2/macbook-linux-elementary) with Linux, specifically Elementary OS in that instance. Recently, I returned to that circa 2015 MacBook Air and discovered I had lost my login password. I downloaded the latest Elementary OS 5.1.7 Hera release and could not get the live boot to recognize my Broadcom 4360 wireless chipset.

Lately, I have been using [Linux Mint](https://linuxmint.com/) to refurbish older laptops, and I thought I would give it a try on this MacBook Air. I downloaded the Linux Mint 20.1 ISO and created a USB boot drive using the [Popsicle](https://github.com/pop-os/popsicle) software on my Linux desktop computer.

![Popsicle ISO burner Popsicle ISO burner](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/popsicle.png)

(Don Watkins, CC BY-SA 4.0)


Next, I connected the Thunderbolt Ethernet adapter to the MacBook and inserted the USB boot drive. I powered on the system and pressed the Option key on the MacBook to instruct it to start it from a USB drive.

Linux Mint started up nicely in live-boot mode, but the operating system didn't recognize a wireless connection.

## Where's my wireless?

This is because Broadcom, the company that makes WiFi cards for Apple devices, doesn't release open source drivers. This is in contrast to Intel, Atheros, and many other chip manufacturers—but it's the chipset used by Apple, so it's a common problem on MacBooks.

I had a hard-wired Ethernet connection to the internet through my Thunderbolt adapter, so I *was* online. From prior research, I knew that to get the wireless adapter working on this MacBook, I would need to issue three separate commands in the Bash terminal. However, during the installation process, I learned that Linux Mint has a nice built-in Driver Manager that provides an easy graphical user interface to assist with installing the software.

![Linux Mint Driver Manager Linux Mint Driver Manager](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mint_drivermanager.png)

(Don Watkins, CC BY-SA 4.0)

Once that operation completed, I rebooted and brought up my newly refurbished MacBook Air with Linux Mint 20.1 installed. The Broadcom wireless adapter was working properly, allowing me to connect to my wireless network easily.

## Installing wireless the manual way

You can accomplish the same task from a terminal. First, purge any vestige of the Broadcom kernel source:

`$ sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source`


Then add a firmware installer:

`$ sudo apt install firmware-b43-installer`


Finally, install the new firmware for the system:

`$ sudo apt install linux-firmware`


## Using Linux as your Mac

I installed [Phoronix Test Suite](https://www.phoronix-test-suite.com/) to get a good snapshot of the MacBook Air.

![MacBook specs MacBook Phoronix Test Suite output](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/macbook_specs.png)

(Don Watkins, CC BY-SA 4.0)

The system works very well. A recent update to kernel 5.4.0-64-generic revealed that the wireless connection survived, and I have an 866Mbps connection to my home network. The Broadcom FaceTime camera does not work, but everything else works fine.

I really like the [Linux Mint Cinnamon 20.1](https://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=284) desktop on this MacBook.

![Linux Mint Cinnamon Linux Mint Cinnamon](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mintcinnamon.png)

(Don Watkins, CC BY-SA 4.0)

I recommend giving Linux Mint a try if you have an older MacBook that has been rendered slow and inoperable due to macOS updates. I am very impressed with the distribution, and especially how it works on my MacBook Air. It has definitely extended the life expectancy of this powerful little laptop.

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