使用 LibreOffice Calc 管理你的财务
LibreOffice

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> 你想知道你的钱花在哪里？这个精心设计的电子表格可以一目了然地回答这个问题。
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![Get control of your finances with LibreOffice Calc](/data/attachment/album/201709/01/134951eodh9pykzey9aloj.png "Get control of your finances with LibreOffice Calc")


如果你像大多数人一样，没有一个无底般的银行帐户。你可能需要仔细观察你的每月支出。


有很多方法可以做到这一点，但是最快最简单的方法是使用电子表格。许多人创建一个非常基本的电子表格来完成这项工作，它由两长列组成，总计位于底部。这是可行的，但这有点傻。


我将通过使用 LibreOffice Calc 创建一个更便于细查的（我认为）以及更具视觉吸引力的个人消费电子表格。


你说不用 LibreOffice？没关系。你可以使用 [Gnumeric](http://www.gnumeric.org/)、[Calligra Sheets](https://www.calligra.org/sheets/) 或 [EtherCalc](https://ethercalc.net/) 等电子表格工具使用本文中的信息。


### 首先列出你的费用


先别费心 LibreOffice 了。坐下来用笔和纸，列出你的每月日常开支。花时间，翻遍你的记录，记下所有的事情，无论它多么渺小。不要担心你花了多少钱。重点放在你把钱花在哪里。


完成之后，将你的费用分组到最有意义的标题下。例如，将你的燃气、电气和水费放在“水电费”下。你也可能想要为我们每个月都会遇到的意外费用，使用一组名为“种种”。


### 创建电子表格


启动 LibreOffice Calc 并创建一个空的电子表格。在电子表格的顶部留下三个空白行。之后我们会回来。


你把你的费用归类是有原因的：这些组将成为电子表格上的块。我们首先将最重要的花费组（例如 “家庭”）放在电子表格的顶部。


在工作表顶部第四行的第一个单元格中输入该花费组的名称。将它放大（可以是 12 号字体）、加粗使得它显眼。


在该标题下方的行中，添加以下三列：


* 花费
* 日期
* 金额


在“花费”列下的单元格中输入该组内花费的名称。


接下来，选择日期标题下的单元格。单击 **Format** 菜单，然后选择 **Number Format > Date**。对“金额”标题下的单元格重复此操作，然后选择 **Number Format > Currency**。


你会看到这样：


![A group of expenses](/data/attachment/album/201709/01/134952m97xz9x4l211jme9.png "A group of expenses")


这是一组开支的方式。不要为每个花费组创建新块, 而是复制你创建的内容并将其粘贴到第一个块旁边。我建议一行放三块, 在它们之间有一个空列。


你会看到这样：


![A row of expenses](/data/attachment/album/201709/01/134954ceeffemx28hhf1qr.png "A row of expenses")


对所有你的花费组做重复操作。


### 总计所有


查看所有个人费用是一回事，但你也可以一起查看每组费用的总额和所有费用。


我们首先总计每个费用组的金额。你可以让 LibreOffice Calc 自动做这些。高亮显示“金额”列底部的单元格，然后单击 “Formula” 工具栏上的 “Sum” 按钮。


![The Sum button](/data/attachment/album/201709/01/134954nnhnpxxebxbnxrol.png "The Sum button")


单击金额列中的第一个单元格，然后将光标拖动到列中的最后一个单元格。然后按下 Enter。


![An expense block with a total](/data/attachment/album/201709/01/134955qnznjewmqnpczmqw.png "An expense block with a total")


现在让我们用你顶部留下的两三行空白行做一些事。这就是你所有费用的总和。我建议把它放在那里，这样无论何时你打开文件时它都是可见的。


在表格左上角的其中一个单元格中，输入类似“月总计”。然后，在它旁边的单元格中，输入 `=SUM()`。这是 LibreOffice Calc 函数，它可以在电子表格中添加特定单元格的值。


不要手动输入要添加的单元格的名称，请按住键盘上的 Ctrl。然后在电子表格上单击你在每组费用中总计的单元格。


### 完成


你有一张追踪一个月花费的表。拥有单个月花费的电子表格有点浪费。为什么不用它跟踪全年的每月支出呢？


右键单击电子表格底部的选项卡，然后选择 **Move or Copy Sheet**。在弹出的窗口中，单击 **-move to end position-**，然后按下 Enter 键。一直重复到你有 12 张表 - 每月一张。以月份重命名表格，然后使用像 *Monthly Expenses 2017.ods* 这样的描述性名称保存电子表格。


现在设置完成了，你可以使用电子表格了。使用电子表格跟踪你的花费本身不会坚实你的财务基础，但它可以帮助你控制每个月的花费。


（题图： opensource.com）




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作者简介：


Scott Nesbitt - 我是一名长期使用自由/开源软件的用户，并为了乐趣和收益写了各种软件。我不会太严肃。你可以在网上这些地方找到我：Twitter、Mastodon、GitHub。




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via: <https://opensource.com/article/17/8/budget-libreoffice-calc>


作者：[Scott Nesbitt](https://opensource.com/users/scottnesbitt) 译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出


OK
If you're like most people, you don't have a bottomless bank account. You probably need to watch your monthly spending carefully.

There are many ways to do that, but that quickest and easiest way is to use a spreadsheet. Many folks create a very basic spreadsheet to do the job, one that consists of two long columns with a total at the bottom. That works, but it's kind of blah.

I'm going to walk you through creating a more scannable and (I think) more visually appealing personal expense spreadsheet using LibreOffice Calc.

Say you don't use LibreOffice? That's OK. You can use the information in this article with spreadsheet tools like [Gnumeric](http://www.gnumeric.org/), [Calligra Sheets](https://www.calligra.org/sheets/), or [EtherCalc](https://ethercalc.net/).

## Start by making a list of your expenses

Don't bother firing up LibreOffice Calc just yet. Sit down with pen and paper and list your regular monthly expenses. Take your time, go through your records, and note everything, no matter how small. Don't worry about how much you're spending. Focus on where you're putting your money.

Once you've done that, group your expenses under headings that make the most sense to you. For example, group your gas, electric, and water bills under the heading Utilities. You might also want to have a group of expenses with a name like Various for those unexpected expenses we all run into each month.

## Create the spreadsheet

Start LibreOffice Calc and create an empty spreadsheet. Leave three blank rows at the top of the spreadsheet. We'll come back to them.

There's a reason you grouped your expenses: Those groups will become blocks on the spreadsheet. Let's start by putting your most important expense group (e.g., Home) at the top of the spreadsheet.

Type that expense group's name in the first cell of the fourth row from the top of sheet. Make it stand out by putting it in a larger (12 points is good), bold font.

In the row below that heading, add the following three columns:

- Expense
- Date
- Amount

Type the names of the expenses within that group into the cells under the Expense column.

Next, select the cells under the Date heading. Click the **Format** menu and select **Number Format > Date**. Repeat that for the cells under the Amount heading, and choose **Number Format > Currency**.

You'll have something that looks like this:

![A group of expenses](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/u128651/spreadsheet-expense-block.png)

opensource.com

That's one group of expenses out of the way. Instead of creating a new block for each expense group, copy what you created and paste it beside the first block. I recommend having rows of three blocks, with an empty column between them.

You'll have something like this:

![A row of expenses](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/u128651/spreadsheet-expense-rows.png)

opensource.com

Repeat that for all your expense groups.

## Total it all up

It's one thing to see all your individual expenses, but you'll also want to view totals for each group of expenses and for all of your expenses together.

Let's start by totaling the amounts for each expense group. You can get LibreOffice Calc to do that automatically. Highlight a cell at the bottom of the Amount column and then click the **Sum** button on the Formula toolbar.

![The Sum button](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/u128651/spreadsheet-sum-button.png)

opensource.com

Click the first cell in the Amount column and drag the cursor to the last cell in the column. Then, press Enter.

![An expense block with a total](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/u128651/spreadsheet-totaled-expenses.png)

opensource.com

Now let's do something with the two or three blank rows you left at the top of the spreadsheet. That's where you'll put the grand total of all your expenses. I advise putting it up there so it's visible whenever you open the file.

In one of the cells at the top left of the sheet, type something like Grand Total or *T*otal for the Month. Then, in the cell beside it, type **=SUM()**. That's the LibreOffice Calc function that adds the values of specific cells on a spreadsheet.

Instead of manually entering the names of the cells to add, press and hold Ctrl on your keyboard. Then click the cells where you totaled each group of expenses on your spreadsheet.

## Finishing up

You have a sheet for a tracking a month's expenses. Having a spreadsheet for a single month's expenses is a bit of a waste. Why not use it to track your monthly expenses for the full year instead?

Right-click on the tab at the bottom of the spreadsheet and select **Move or Copy Sheet**. In the window that pops up, click **-move to end position-** and press Enter. Repeat that until you have 12 sheets—one for each month. Rename each sheet for each month of the year, then save the spreadsheet with a descriptive name like *Monthly Expenses 2017.ods*.

Now that your setup is out of the way, you're ready to use the spreadsheet. While using a spreadsheet to track your expenses won't, by itself, put you on firmer financial footing, it can help you keep on top of and control what you're spending each month.

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