成为一名软件开发者你应该学习哪种语言？
编程语言
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应用程序的领域在不断发展。底层的 Linux 做了很多工作，而且还在继续，但是在过去几年里，应用程序领域开始增长。在这种情况下，开发人员使用哪种语言构建这些应用程序？简而言之，要看情况，我知道这个说法没啥稀奇的。但是，通过我们拥有的数据，我们可以确定哪些语言领先。


站在山顶的语言是 Java。它已经出现在开源软件领域 15 年以上，但它并不是一直在顶峰。在早期，我们没有看到那么多对 java 开发者感兴趣的，但现在情况已经改变了。它是目前应用领域的权威领导者。虽然这个数字在过去六个季度没有明显增长，但其整体数量却令人印象深刻。平均而言，关注于开源软件的公司发布的职位中有超过 1/3 的职位要求 Java 技能。这对几年前没有在榜单上出现的语言而言是一个非凡的成就。而且，由于它在 Android 中的大量使用，未来这个数字进一步增加也并不奇怪。


在应用程序领域中使用的另一种语言是 C++。虽然它的数量不能与 Java 竞争，但它仍然在这个领域占据了很大的市场份额。而且每 3 个招聘中有一个要求 Java，C++ 则是每 4 个中有一个要求它。与 Java 非常类似，其数量在过去六个季度中保持相对稳定。C++ 一直被大量使用，即使 Java 已经取代它，它仍然是一种高度相关的语言。


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进入到网络应用领域，多年来一直在城头变幻大王旗。在早期，大多数 Web 程序毫无疑问地选择使用 PHP 开发。正如之前关于脚本的文章所讨论的，这几年来已经发生了变化。在过去几年中，PHP 的使用似乎有所恶化。在过去一年半的时间里，已经急剧下降了 30％ 以上。这是一个令人震惊的数字，只有时间才能告诉我们趋势是否持续。


最初打破 PHP 领导地位的是 Ruby on Rails。多年来，我看到公司们和开发者们进行了这一转型。Ruby on Rails 经历了一段时间，在这个时期它是这个领域的首选语言。然而，从我们收集的数字来看，它的光泽似乎已经失去了一点。虽然没有像 PHP 这样的衰退，但其数量一直保持相对平稳，它曾经有过的增长似乎停滞不前。


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目前在网络应用程序领域的王者似乎是 Javascript。它获得了最大的总数。虽然它的数量保持平坦，这很像 Ruby on Rails，但它已经吸引了更多的观众。平均来说，过去六个季度，公司在分析的 10,000 份工作清单中有 1,500 份需要 Javascript 技能。这比 PHP 或 Ruby on Rails 多了 70％。


随着 PHP 的衰落以及 Ruby on Rails 和 Javascript 停滞不前，是谁在 Web 程序领域保持增长呢？这个群体的突出者似乎是 Golang。它在 2007 年由 Google 内的几位开发人员创建，似乎这种语言开始获得更广泛的受众群体。虽然与我们讨论的其它三个的总数相比不多，但看起来这一年半以来增长了 50％。如果这种趋势继续下去，那将是非常有趣的。在我看来，我预计我们会继续看到 Golang 挤占 其它三个的群体份额。


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如往常一样，我们会监测这些语言的各种前进方向，以观察市场趋势。而且，榜单的任何新进入者都会被密切关注。这是一个令人兴奋和动态的发展领域。一个会提供随时间不断变化的结果。




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via: <https://www.linuxcareer.com/do-you-have-what-it-takes-to-be-a-software-developer>


作者：[Brent Marinaccio](https://www.linuxcareer.com/do-you-have-what-it-takes-to-be-a-software-developer) 译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出


OK
[The application space is the place to be. A lot of work has been done in the low-level Linux arena, and it continues, but the growth over the last few years has been in the application space. With that being the case, which language are developers utilizing to build these apps? In short, it depends, which I know does not come as a huge surprise. But, with the data that we have, we are able to determine which languages are leading the way.]

The language that finds itself on the top of the mountain is Java. Being around open source software for over 15 years, this was not always the case. Early on, we did not see a lot of interest in Java developers, but boy has that changed. It is the definitive leader in the application space currently. While the numbers have not grown in the last six quarters, the sheer overall number is impressive. On average, companies are asking for Java skills in over 1 in 3 job postings focused on FLOSS. Quite a feat for a language that did not register on the radar years ago. And, based on its heavy use with Android, it would not be a surprise to see this number increase in the future.

Another language that is used prominently in the application space is C++. While its numbers can't quite compete with that of Java, it still commands a large marketshare in this arena. Whereas Java is asked for in 1 of 3 postings, C++ is required in 1 of 4. Much like that of Java, its numbers have remained relatively stable over the last six quarters. C++ has always been heavily utilized, and even though Java has superseded it, it remains a highly relevant language.

Moving toward the web application space, there has been a changing of the guard over the years. Early on, the clear choice was to develop most web applications utilizing PHP. As was discussed in the previous article on scripting, this has changed over the years. There appears to have been some deterioration in the usage of PHP in the last couple of years. In the last year and a half alone, there has been a precipitous decline of over 30%. That is an alarming number, and only time will tell if the trend continues.

Claiming some of PHP's thunder initially was that of Ruby on Rails. For a number of years, I watched companies and developers make that transition. Ruby on Rails went through a period of time where it was “the” language of choice in this space. However, from the numbers we have gathered, it appears that its luster has lost a little of its edge. While it is not experiencing any kind of decline like that of PHP, its numbers have been remained relatively flat, so the growth that it once experienced appears to have stagnated.

With PHP in decline and Ruby on Rails and Javascript stagnate, is anyone in the web application space growing? The outlier in this group seems to be Golang. Created by a couple of developers inside Google in 2007, it appears that this language is starting to gain a wider audience. While the overall numbers pale in comparison to the other three discussed, it has seen a 50% increase in the last year and a half. It will be very interesting to watch if this trend continues. In my opinion, I expect that we will continue to see gains in Golang at the expense of the other three.