Linux 内核 6.1 发布，包含初始 Rust 支持
Linux 内核

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> Linux 内核 6.1 现在可以使用了！考虑到这是今年最后一个稳定版本，它有可能是 LTS 版本。
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![Linux 内核 6.1 发布，包含初始 Rust 支持](/data/attachment/album/202212/13/103407hxwiaa15epps5s9x.png)


Linux 内核 6.1 终于来了，它以改进和支持新硬件的形式为我们提前带来了节日礼物。?


它是在 Linux 内核 6.0 发布的几个月后出现的，当时的命名方案从 5.x.x 改为 6.x，以减少小版本号太多带来的混乱。


像往常一样，今年的最后一个内核版本 **可能被作为一个长期发布的版本**，从而得到几年的支持。


Linux 内核 6.1 如约带来了许多改进，并初步支持了 AMD 和英特尔尚未发布的硬件。


在发布公告中，Linus Torvalds 提到：



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> 所以到现在，我们晚了一个星期，不过上周已经没那么紧迫了，而且很顺利，我对 6.1 的状态要比几个星期前感到放心多了，当时似乎还比较紧迫。当然，这意味着现在我们有一个可怕的合并窗口，就在节日假期之前，而且我也有一些节前的旅行要安排。因此，虽然推迟一周是正确的做法，但它确实使 6.2 合并窗口的时间变得很尴尬。
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他进一步补充说，考虑到每个人都应该过一个平静的假日季，他将会更严格的对合并窗口的规则进行要求。


### ? Linux 内核 6.1 有什么新内容？


在这个版本中，我们看到了各种变化，例如改进了对 ARM SoC 的支持，初步支持英特尔即将推出的 Meteor Lake CPU，以及 AMD 的 RDNA 3 GPU。


你可以在其 [公告](https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAHk-=wj_HcgFZNyZHTLJ7qC2613zphKDtLh6ndciwopZRfH0aQ@mail.gmail.com/T/#u) 中找到更多技术细节。


#### 对 Rust 的实验性支持


![linux 6.1 rust](/data/attachment/album/202212/13/103408ntgzt7yttboegn17.png)


虽然我们预计这将发生在 Linux 内核 6.0，但它在 Linux 内核 6.1 中才出现，这将允许开发者用 Rust 编写内核代码。


#### 英特尔 Meteor Lake 的启用


![英特尔](/data/attachment/album/202212/13/103408isfvzzgmng4smz42.png)


英特尔的开源开发者一直在努力工作，为即将到来的 Meteor Lake 芯片提供初步支持。


它被称为英特尔的第一个 7 纳米微架构，开发人员已经向 DRM-next 推送了各种提交。


这些包括各种固件提交，对 Meteor Lake CPU 及其集成 GPU 的初步支持。


#### 对 AMD RDNA 3 图形的初始支持


![AMD](/data/attachment/album/202212/13/103408ec3p3ua6gc96gee5.png)


这段时间，AMD 一直在为 Linux 内核 6.1 添加 RDNA 3 图形架构的代码。


这包括对他们即将推出的 GPU 的支持和对他们之前的 GPU 产品的各种修复。


你可以通过 [这里](https://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/dri-devel/2022-September/373430.html) 查看完整的补丁列表。


#### 对 AMD 电脑的优化


![优化 AMD](/data/attachment/album/202212/13/103409tpd9cua8a88zww27.png)


AMD PMF（AMD 平台管理框架）已经被引入这个内核版本。


该驱动旨在为 AMD PC 更安静、更高效的运行提供支持。


它利用板载传感器与 AMD 的各种热能和功率内核驱动来实现这一目标。


#### 改进的 ARM SoC 支持


![arm soc](/data/attachment/album/202212/13/103409yyuuy6jde88awj5m.png)


Linux 内核 6.1 带来了对 ARM SoC 的更多支持，例如：


* 联发科 MT8186
* 德州仪器 AM62A
* 恩智浦 i.MX8DXL
* 高通 IPQ8064 的各种变体


该内核还对一些智能手机提供了支持，如 PINE64 PinePhone Pro、索尼 Xperia 1 IV 和三星 Galaxy E5/E7/Grand Max。


#### 存储的改进


内核在存储方面有很多改进。


例如，Btrfs 在这次更新中带来了异步缓冲写入，提供了超过 2 倍的吞吐量。


然后是对 EXT4 的改进，包括性能优化和一些错误修复。


与此同时，[EROFS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EROFS) 为 Linux 内核 6.1 引入了基于 FSCache 的共享域支持。


#### ?️ 其他改进措施


这些并不是 Linux 内核 6.1 提供的唯一改进，以下是其他一些值得注意的改进：


* 对微软 Surface Pro 9 和 Surface Laptop 5 的支持。
* 启用 AMD Zen 4 LbrExtV2。
* AMD CPU “缓存到缓存”和内存报告功能。
* 引入 AMD IOMMU v2。
* 为 Wi-Fi 802.11be/Wi-Fi 7 做准备。


### 如何安装 Linux 内核 6.1？


如果你使用基于 Arch 的发行版或 Fedora，你可以轻松升级。


不幸的是，如果你使用其他 Linux 发行版（Pop!\_OS 和 Linux Lite 在某种程度上可以是个例外），你可能无法直接从发行版中获得升级。


然而，几乎所有的 Linux 发行版都明确地允许你安装最新的内核。这里有一个关于 Ubuntu 的指南?



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> **[如何在 Ubuntu 中安装最新的主线 Linux 内核版本](https://itsfoss.com/upgrade-linux-kernel-ubuntu/)**
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所以，如果你乐于冒险（并且知道自己在做什么），你可以在 [Linux 内核档案](https://www.kernel.org/) 上找到列出的较新的内核。你可以下载 [tarball](https://git.kernel.org/torvalds/t/linux-6.1.tar.gz) 来测试它。


然而，像往常一样，如果你不想冒任何风险，我们建议等待你的 Linux 发行版推送更新。最好是坚持使用你的 Linux 发行版默认提供的东西。



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> **[下载 Linux 6.1](https://www.kernel.org)**
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via: <https://news.itsfoss.com/linux-kernel-6-1-release/>


作者：[Sourav Rudra](https://news.itsfoss.com/author/sourav/) 选题：[lkxed](https://github.com/lkxed) 译者：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出


OK
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Linux Kernel 6.1 is finally here, and it comes bearing early Christmas gifts in the form of improvements and support for new hardware. 🎄

It comes a few months after the release of Linux Kernel 6.0, where the naming scheme was changed from 5.x.x to 6.x in favor of a less confusing alternative.

As usual, the last kernel release of the year **may be considered a long-term release version** that gets support for a couple of years.

### Suggested Read 📖

[Linux Kernel 6.0 is Likely the Next Version Upgrade With Initial Rust CodeYou might be aware of the fact that Linus Torvalds used an Apple MacBook hardware to release Linux Kernel 5.19. But, the news wasn’t limited to one interesting observation. Linus Torvalds also mentioned at the end of the release announcement that he might call the next version upgrade](https://news.itsfoss.com/linux-kernel-6-0-reveal/)![](https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2022/08/linux-kernel-6-0.jpg)


![](https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2022/08/linux-kernel-6-0.jpg)

Linux Kernel 6.1 promises many improvements and includes initial support for unreleased hardware by AMD and Intel.

With the announcement, Linus Torvalds mentions:

So here we are, a week late, but last week was nice and slow, and I'm much happier about the state of 6.1 than I was a couple of weeks ago when things didn't seem to be slowing down.

Of course, that means that now we have the merge window from hell, just before the holidays, with me having some pre-holiday travel coming up too. So while delaying things for a week was the right thing to do, it does make the timing for the 6.2 merge window awkward.

He further adds that he will be stricter about the merge window rules considering it should be a calm holiday season for everyone.

## 🆕 Linux Kernel 6.1: What’s New?

With this release, we see various changes, such as improved support for ARM SoCs, initial support for Intel's upcoming Meteor lake CPUs, and AMD's RDNA 3 GPUs.

You can find more technical details in its [announcement post](https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/CAHk-=wj_HcgFZNyZHTLJ7qC2613zphKDtLh6ndciwopZRfH0aQ@mail.gmail.com/T/?ref=news.itsfoss.com#u).

### Experimental Support for Rust

![linux 6.1 rust code](https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/2022/12/linux-6-1-rust.png)

While we expected this to happen with Linux Kernel 6.0, it arrives with Linux Kernel 6.1, allowing developers to write kernel code in Rust.

### Enablement Of Intel Meteor Lake

![intel logo](https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/2022/12/intel-meteor.png)

Intel's open-source developers have been hard at work to provide initial support for the upcoming Meteor Lake chips.

Dubbed as Intel's first 7 nm microarchitecture, developers have pushed various commits to DRM-next.

These include a variety of firmware commits with initial support for the Meteor Lake CPUs and their integrated GPUs.

### Initial Support For AMD RDNA 3 Graphics

![amd logo](https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/2022/12/amd-rdna-3.png)

AMD has been adding code for the RDNA 3 graphics architecture to Linux Kernel 6.1 for some time now.

This includes support for their upcoming GPUs and various fixes for their old GPU products.

You can go through the full list of patches [here](https://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/dri-devel/2022-September/373430.html?ref=news.itsfoss.com).

### Optimizations for AMD PCs

![pc optimizations amd](https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/2022/12/amd-rdna-3--1-.png)

AMD PMF has been introduced with this kernel release; it stands for AMD Platform Management Framework.

This driver is meant to provide a framework for the quieter and more efficient running of AMD PCs.

It makes use of the onboard sensors in tandem with AMD's various thermal and power kernel drivers to achieve that.

### Improved ARM SoC Support

![arm soc](https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/2022/12/amd-rdna-3--2-.png)

Linux Kernel 6.1 brings in support for additional ARM SoCs, such as:

- MediaTek MT8186
- Texas Instruments AM62A
- NXP i.MX8DXL
- Various variants of Qualcomm IPQ8064

The kernel also features support for a few smartphones such as PINE64 PinePhone Pro, Sony Xperia 1 IV, and Samsung Galaxy E5/E7/Grand Max.

### Storage Improvements

The kernel has a lot of improvements for storage.

For instance, Btrfs is bringing async buffered writes with this update, resulting in more than 2x throughput improvement.

Then there are the improvements to EXT4 with performance optimization and a few bug fixes.

Alongside this, [EROFS](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EROFS?ref=news.itsfoss.com) has introduced FSCache-based shared domain support to Linux Kernel 6.1.

### 🛠️ Other Improvements

Those are not the only improvements being offered with Linux Kernel 6.1; here are some of the other notable ones:

**Support for Microsoft Surface Pro 9 and Surface Laptop 5.****Enablement of AMD Zen 4 LbrExtV2.****AMD CPU Cache-To-Cache & Memory Reporting Capabilities.****Introduction of AMD IOMMU v2.****Preparations for Wi-Fi 802. 11be/Wi-Fi 7.**

## How to Install Linux Kernel 6.1?

You can easily upgrade if you use an Arch-based distro or Fedora.

Unfortunately, if you are using other Linux distributions (Pop!_OS and Linux Lite can be an exception to some extent), you may not receive an upgrade directly from your distro.

However, almost all Linux distributions explicitly allow you to install the latest kernel. Here's a guide for Ubuntu 👇

[How to Install the Latest Mainline Linux Kernel Version in UbuntuHow to upgrade to the latest Linux kernel in Ubuntu? Here’s how to install the mainline Linux kernel in Ubuntu using command line and GUI.](https://itsfoss.com/upgrade-linux-kernel-ubuntu/?ref=news.itsfoss.com)![](https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Install-Latest-Kernel-Ubuntu.jpg)


![](https://itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/Install-Latest-Kernel-Ubuntu.jpg)

So, if you are feeling adventurous (and know what you are doing), you can find the newer kernel listed on [Linux Kernel Archives](https://www.kernel.org/?ref=news.itsfoss.com). You can download the [tarball](https://git.kernel.org/torvalds/t/linux-6.1.tar.gz?ref=news.itsfoss.com) to test it out.

However, as always, we recommend waiting for your Linux distribution to push an update if you do not want to take any chances. It is best to stick to what’s being offered for your Linux distribution by default.

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