Debian 项目组向 Ian Murdock 的逝世表示哀悼
Ian Murdock debian

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> Debian 项目组很悲伤地宣布 Debian 社区及项目失去了它的创立者 Ian Murdock。
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![](/data/attachment/album/201601/06/200518gzbeuu2l5xluueen.png)


Debian 只是 Ian 留给世人的一部分遗产，但也是 Ian 最为人所知的遗产之一。


Ian 很小就开始接触电脑。他对电脑从最初的好奇慢慢变得更加熟悉，在9岁的时候就开始经常写代码了。后来在 Krannert 管理学院的时候，有一门必修的编程课；这门课程强化了年轻的 Ian 对电脑的喜爱程度，也让他产生了让某些事情变得更好的想法。


1993年9月, Ian 启动了 Debian 项目；同年的晚些时候，发布了 Debian 的第一个版本。那个时候，Linux 发行版这样的概念还很新颖。正如 Ian 所说，这个想法是受 Linus Torvalds 所启发。Ian 发布 Debian 的目的很简单，他希望这个发行版能体现 Linux 和 GNU 的开源精神。


正是出于这个简单的目的，Ian 在软件世界掀起了一场运动。很多开发者加入 Ian 的项目，以在一个不断进步的世界里做出更好的软件。


正如 Ian 在<ruby> <a href="https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/project-history/ap-manifesto.en.html">  Debian 宣言 </a> <rp>  （ </rp> <rt>  Debian Manifesto </rt> <rp>  ） </rp></ruby>中所说的那样：“Debian 的设计过程是公开的；这样做的目的是希望保证一流的软件质量，并且能反映和满足用户社区的需求。Debian 可以以模块化的方式进行开发，使得不同背景、不同技能的人都能参与进来。[...] 让不同的人参与也意味着可以在开发过程中博采众长、扬长避短。这样做，也可以让项目满足不同用户的需求而不仅仅是满足开发者的需求。”


他的主要关注点是创建一个 Linux 发行版和一种行正道的社区文化，无论是道义上还是技术上。


Debian 项目不断发布新版本，Debian 关于<ruby> 软件自由 <rp>  （ </rp> <rt>  Software Freedom </rt> <rp>  ） </rp></ruby> 的立场过去是、现在仍然是自由和开源世界的标杆。


Debian 0.01 版到 0.90 版在 1993年8月至93年12月之间发布。Ian Murdock写道：


“Debian 0.91 在1994年1月发布；这个版本有一个比较原始的包管理系统。[...] 那个时候，已经有些人加入到 Debian 的开发中来了，但是绝大部分时间还是我来准备发布的版本。0.91是最后一个这样弄出来的版本。”


“1994年的大部分时间花在了 Debian 项目的组织上，也因此，其它参与者能高效地为该项目添砖添瓦; 还有一部分时间花在了dpkg上[...]。”


"Debian 0.93 的第五个版本是在95年的三月份发布的，它也是 Debain 项目的第一个*现代版*：因为当时有很多开发者参与其中（虽然我记不得到底有多少个了）；每个人维护他们自己的软件包；在安装完核心系统之后，当时我们用 dpkg 来管理这些软件包。”


“1995年发布了 Debian 0.93 版的第6个发布版本，这个版本也是 a.out 的最后一个版本（LCTT 译注：在 linux/unix 系统上，通过 gcc、g++ 来编译 C/C++ 程序时，如果没有指定 -o 参数，会默认生成名为 a.out 的目标二进制，这儿说明以前的开发管理相当原始，不是比较规范的那种方式来发布和管理相关的软件包）。当时大约有60多个开发者参与进来维护 0.93R6 的软件包。如果我没记错的话，dselect首先出现在093R6中。”


当他在1996年3月停止积极参与 Debian 项目之时，他表达了对 Debian 093R6 的钟爱；他说 0.93R6 “是我最喜欢的 Debian 版本”，虽然他也承认这有他的个人偏见在里面。


1996年3月，Ian Murdock 退出 Debian 项目的领导，并任命 Bruce Perens 作为 Debin 项目的新的领导人。


行正道这个理念一直影响着 Ian 的工作，包括 Debian 项目和其接下来数年的工作；他总是向着无限可能的明天而努力。


Debian 项目仍将前行，它会成为这个世界上随处可见的<ruby> 通用操作系统 <rp>  （ </rp> <rt>  Universal Operating System </rt> <rp>  ） </rp></ruby>。无论在小的嵌入式设备上，还是庞大的集群系统上，再到空间站上“<ruby> 都能见到 Debian 的身影 <rp>  （ </rp> <rt>  of course it runs Debian </rt> <rp>  ） </rp></ruby>”。Debian 已被移植到了多种架构和硬件类型上。


Ian 的梦想永存：Debian 由一个强大的社区所缔造；这个社区孕育了新的开发方式，成长理念和好奇心。Debian 社区仍是最活跃的社区；数以千计的开发人员日日夜夜的工作，以为人们提供可靠的安全的操作系统。Debian 点燃了那些希望让世界变得更好的人的兴趣、好奇心与激情。这种影响旷日持久。


我们对 Ian 表示由衷的感谢。


我们在 Debian 的所有网站和和服务中用深色的主页旗帜广告及 logo 上的绶带表达了我们的反应和哀悼。在这段艰苦的时期，Debian 社区的关怀与 Ian 的家人同在。


他的家人希望保护他们的隐私，而我们也很愿意遵从他们的意愿。


在 Debian 社区内或 Linux 社区中的成员，可以将悼词发送至 [in-memoriam-ian@debian.org](mailto:in-memoriam-ian@debian.org) ， 这些悼词将会被归档留存。


这个电子邮件地址将会在2016年1月末之前有效。而后 Debian 项目组将会将归档交给 Ian 的家人，若 Ian 的家人愿意，我们将在今年晚些时候公布其内容。




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via: <https://www.debian.org/News/2016/20160105>


译者： [hittlle](https://github.com/hittlle), [StdioA](https://github.com/StdioA) 校对： [wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


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# The Debian Project mourns the loss of Ian Murdock

**January 5th, 2016**

The Debian Project sadly announces that it has lost the founder of its community and project, Ian Murdock.

Debian is only a part of Ian's legacy but perhaps the one that he is most known for.

Ian was introduced to computers early in his life, and his curiosity turned to familiarity which led him to start actively programming at nine years of age. Later as a young adult at the Krannert School of Management a mandatory programming class rekindled his fascination with computer programming along with an idea and an opportunity to make something better.

Ian started the Debian Project in August of 1993, releasing the first
versions of Debian later that same year. At that time, the whole concept of a
distribution

of Linux was new. Inspired as he said by Linus Torvalds'
own sharing of Linux, he released Debian with the intention that this distribution
should be made openly, in the spirit of Linux and GNU.

With that simple gesture Ian started a movement in the world of software. Many developers joined him in this task of creating better software in a better world.

From his [Debian Manifesto](https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/project-history/manifesto.en.html):
The Debian design process is open to ensure that the system is of the
highest quality and that it reflects the needs of the user community. By
involving others with a wide range of abilities and backgrounds, Debian
is able to be developed in a modular fashion. […]
Involving others also ensures that
valuable suggestions for improvement can be incorporated into the
distribution during its development; thus, a distribution is created
based on the needs and wants of the users rather than the needs and
wants of the constructor.


His sharp focus was on creating a distribution and community culture that did the right thing, be it ethically, or technically.

Releases went out when they were ready, and the project's staunch stance on Software Freedom was and is still a gold standard in the Free and Open Source world.

Debian 0.01 through Debian 0.90 were released between August and December of 1993. Ian Murdock writes:

Debian 0.91 was released in January 1994. It had a primitive package
system […]. By this time, there were a few dozen people working on
Debian,
though I was still mostly putting together the releases myself. 0.91 was the
last release done in this way.


Most of 1994 was spent organizing the Debian Project so that others
could more effectively contribute, as well as working on dpkg […].


Debian 0.93 Release 5 happened in March 1995 and was the first
"modern" release of Debian: there were many more developers by then (though I
can't remember exactly how many), each maintaining their own packages,
and dpkg was being used to install and maintain all these packages after
a base system was installed.


Debian 0.93 Release 6 happened in November 1995 and was the last
a.out
release. There were about sixty developers maintaining packages in
0.93R6. If I remember correctly, dselect first appeared in 0.93R6.


Ian Murdock also notes that Debian 0.93R6 … has always been my
favorite release of Debian

, although he admits to the possibility of
some personal bias, as he stopped actively working on the project in
March 1996.

Ian Murdock led Debian until March 1996, when he appointed Bruce Perens as the next leader of the project.

The devotion to the right thing guided Ian's work, both in Debian and in the subsequent years, always working towards the best possible future.

Debian would go on to become the world's Universal Operating System, found on
everything from the smallest embedded devices to the largest cluster
systems, to the Space Station because of course it runs Debian

which has been
ported across multiple architectures and types of hardware.

Ian's dream lives on: Debian is made up of a strong community that has fostered development, growth, and wonder. It remains incredibly active with thousands of developers working untold hours to bring the world a reliable and secure operating system. Debian has sparked the interest, curiosity, and passion of those who want to make something better. Then, now, and far into the future.

From the bottom of our hearts, we thank you Ian.

Throughout the Debian infrastructure our websites and services mark our reflection and mourning with a darkened homepage banner and ribbons on our logos. The thoughts of the Debian Community are with Ian's family in this difficult time.

His family has asked for privacy and we very much wish to respect their desires.

Within our Debian community and for the Linux community condolences may be sent
to [in-memoriam-ian@debian.org](mailto:in-memoriam-ian@debian.org)
where they will be kept and archived.

This email address will be active until the end of January 2016. The Debian Project will then provide the archive to the family and publish the contents later this year if it is with the wishes of the family.

## About Debian

The Debian Project is an association of Free Software developers who volunteer their time and effort in order to produce a completely free operating system known as Debian.

## Contact Information

For further information, please visit the Debian web pages at
[https://www.debian.org/](../../) or send mail to
<press@debian.org>.