英伟达在提升 Linux 上的 GPU 使用体验上迈出了一大步
英伟达 GPU 开源

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> 英伟达公司提升其 GPU 在 Linux 上的体验的重大开源计划终于来了。
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![](/data/attachment/album/202205/13/092415wyi786y8h0qjgnir.jpg)


Linus Torvalds 听到这个消息一定会很高兴……


英伟达终于公布了提升 Linux 上的 GPU 使用体验的开源计划。


不过不幸的是，和你想象的可能不完全一样，你仍然会看到一些专有的驱动程序。


但是，它的意义不亚于甩掉专有驱动程序。


具体来说就是，**英伟达发布了开源的 GPU 内核模块，支持数据中心所用的 GPU 和消费级显卡（GeForce/RTX）**。


此外，它同时采用 GPL/MIT 两种许可证，听起来很棒，对吗？


### 此举对 Linux 桌面用户有什么帮助？


开源的 GPU 内核模块有助于改善内核和专有驱动程序之间的交互。


所以，此举对 **游戏玩家和开发者** 都有利，阻碍与英伟达专有驱动程序配合的问题最终会被消除。


发布公告中提到的技术收益包括：



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> 开发者可以跟踪到具体的代码路径，并观察到内核事件调度是如何与他们的工作负载交互的，从而在调试时更快定位根本原因。此外，企业软件开发者可以将该驱动程序无缝地集成到他们为项目定制的 Linux 内核中。
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> 来自 Linux 最终用户社区的投入和评价，将进一步提升英伟达 GPU 驱动程序的质量和安全性。
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而从最终用户或者游戏玩家方面来看，你会发现安装将更便捷，整体会更安全。


Canonical 和 SUSE 会立即为他们的企业用户打包该开源内核模块，而其它厂商也会很快跟进。


当它可以用在桌面环境时，Canonical 应该会在未来几个月内把这个内核模块放到 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 版本中。其它的 Linux 发行版应该也会做相应的升级。


### 现在可以试用吗？


![](/data/attachment/album/202205/13/092415djkbe2p2k2qblm1k.jpg)


这个开源的 GPU 内核模块的第一个版本是 R515，它是作为 CUDA 工具集 11.7 一部分一起发布的开发驱动程序。


你可以从 [官方驱动下载页面](https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/drivers/unix/) 或者从 [CUDA 下载页面](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads) 找到。


虽然它被认为可用于数据中心生产环境，**但对于 GeForce 或者工作站 GPU 来说，还处于 alpha 阶段**。


事实上，在 Turing 和 Ampere 架构的 GPU 型号上可以使用这个驱动程序，以使用 Vulkan 和 Optix 中的 **多显示器、G-Sync、Nvidia RTX 光线追踪** 等功能。


然而，除非你想运行一些“实验性测试”，否则还是等几个月，以便直接从你的 Linux 发行版中获得为桌面用户发布的稳定版。


### 对 Nouveau 驱动程序开发也有益


不仅仅是提升了专有驱动程序的体验，公布的这个开源 GPU 内核代码也会改善 Nouveau 驱动。


正如发布公告所说：



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> Nouveau 可以利用英伟达驱动程序所使用的同样固件，它公开了许多 GPU 功能，例如时钟管理、散热管理，可以为树内的 Nouveau 驱动程序带来新的特性。
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> 请关注未来的驱动更新以及在 Github 上的合作。
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英伟达公司提到并可能合作改进开源的英伟达驱动程序（即 Nouveau），这真是太好了。


这也很好地表明了，他们确实希望为 Linux 提供一个更好的开源驱动程序版本。


### 开源 Nivida 驱动程序的未来？


毋容置疑，英伟达计划不断发布开源的 GPU 内核模块。


所以，尽管他们不会单独开源他们的驱动程序，但我们仍然可以寄希望于 Nouveau 释放所有的显卡特性。


想知道他们更多的计划，你可以参考 [官方的发布声明](https://developer.nvidia.com/blog/nvidia-releases-open-source-gpu-kernel-modules/)。


*你如何看待这件事？英伟达最终会爱开源和 Linux 吗？嗯，至少这是一个好的开始。在下面的评论区分享你的想法吧。*




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via: <https://news.itsfoss.com/nvidia-open-source-linux/>


作者：[Ankush Das](https://news.itsfoss.com/author/ankush/) 选题：[lkxed](https://github.com/lkxed) 译者：[chunyang-wen](https://github.com/chunyang-wen) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出


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Linus Torvalds will be happy to hear this…

NVIDIA finally announced an open-source initiative to improve the GPU experience on Linux.

Unfortunately, it isn’t exactly what you think, you will still find proprietary drivers around.

But, it’s as significant as ditching the proprietary drivers.

Here it is: **NVIDIA released open-source GPU kernel modules with support for data center GPUs and consumer (GeForce/RTX) cards**.

And, it is licensed under a dual GPL/MIT license, sounds awesome, right?

## How does this help Linux Desktop Users?

Open-Source GPU kernel modules will help improve the interaction between the kernel and the proprietary driver.

So, this move is beneficial for both **gamers, and developers**, where the hassles to work with a proprietary Nvidia driver will eventually be eliminated.

The release announcement mentions the technical benefit that includes:

Developers can trace into code paths and see how kernel event scheduling is interacting with their workload for faster root cause debugging. In addition, enterprise software developers can now integrate the driver seamlessly into the customized Linux kernel configured for their project.

This will further help improve NVIDIA GPU driver quality and security with input and reviews from the Linux end-user community.


When thinking this through for an end-user (or a gamer), you will notice easier installations and improved security overall.

Canonical and SUSE will immediately package the open kernel modules for enterprise users, and others should follow soon.

Canonical should make the kernel modules available in Ubuntu 22.04 LTS in the coming months when it comes to the Linux desktop. You can expect other Linux distributions to follow the suit.

## Can You Try it Now?

![](https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2022/05/nvidia-opensource-linux-drivers-1024x576.jpg)

The first release of the open GPU kernel modules is R515. It is a development driver released as part of CUDA Toolkit 11.7.

You can get it from the [official download page for drivers](https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/drivers/unix/?ref=news.itsfoss.com) or find it on the [CUDA downloads](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads?ref=news.itsfoss.com) page.

While it is considered production-ready for data centers, it is still in its **alpha stage for GeForce and Workstation GPUs**.

It is true that you can use this driver on Turing and Ampere architecture GPUs to use features like **multiple displays, G-Sync, and Nvidia RTX ray tracing** in Vulkan and OptiX.

But, unless you want to run “experimental tests”, you might want to wait for a few months to get a stable release for desktop users directly from your Linux distribution.

## It Also Helps Nouveau Driver…

Not just limited to improving the experience with proprietary drivers. But, the published source code of open-source GPU kernels should also help improve the Nouveau driver.

As the release announcement mentions:

Nouveau can leverage the same firmware used by the NVIDIA driver, exposing many GPU functionalities, such as clock management and thermal management, bringing new features to the in-tree Nouveau driver.


Stay tuned for more developments in future driver releases and collaboration on GitHub.

It is surprisingly nice of NVIDIA to mention and potentially aim to collaborate to improve the open-source Nvidia driver i.e. Nouveau.

This also gives a good indication that they do want a better version of an open-source driver for Linux.

## Future of Open-Source Nvidia Drivers?

Undoubtedly, NVIDIA plans to continue releasing the open-source GPU kernel modules.

So, even if they do not separately open-source their drivers, we can always rely on an improved Nouveau driver unlocking all the graphics card features.

To know more about their plans, you can refer to the [official release announcement](https://developer.nvidia.com/blog/nvidia-releases-open-source-gpu-kernel-modules/?ref=news.itsfoss.com).

*What do you think about it? Does Nvidia finally love open-source and Linux? Well, it is a solid start, to say the least. Share your thoughts in the comments down below.*

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