你应该知道关于 Ubuntu 18.04 的一些事
Ubuntu
[Ubuntu 18.04 版本](/article-9583-1.html) 已经到来。我可以在各种 Facebook 群组和论坛中看到许多来自 Ubuntu 用户的提问。我还在 Facebook 和 Instagram 上组织了 Q&A 会议，以了解 Ubuntu 用户对 Ubuntu 18.04 的想法。


我试图在这里回答关于 Ubuntu 18.04 的常见问题。如果您有任何疑问，我希望这能帮助您解决疑问。如果您仍有问题，请随时在下面的评论区提问。


### Ubuntu 18.04 中有什么值得期待


![Ubuntu 18.04 Frequently Asked Questions](/data/attachment/album/201805/30/053816snzvlyp5y1w681la.png)


解释一下，这里的一些问答会受到我个人的影响。如果您是一位经验丰富或了解 Ubuntu 的用户，其中一些问题可能对您而言很简单。如果是这样的话，就请忽略这些问题。


#### 我能够在 Ubuntu 18.04 中安装 Unity 吗？


当然能够哦！


Canonical 公司知道有些人喜欢 Unity。这就是为什么它已经在 Universe 软件库（LCTT译者注：社区维护的软件库）中提供了 Unity 7。但这是一个社区维护版，官方并不直接参与开发。


不过我建议是使用默认的 GNOME，除非您真的无法容忍它，再在 [Ubuntu 18.04 上安装 Unity](https://itsfoss.com/use-unity-ubuntu-17-10/)。


#### GNOME 是什么版本？


在这次发行的 Ubuntu 18.04 版本中，GNOME 版本号是 3.28。


#### 我能够安装原装的 GNOME 吗？


当然没问题！


因为存在一些 GNOME 用户可能不喜欢 Ubuntu 18.04 中的 Unity 风格。在 Ubuntu 中的 main（LCTT译者注：官方支持的软件库）和 universe 软件库有安装包可安装，能使您在 [Ubuntu 18.04 中安装原装的 GNOME](https://itsfoss.com/vanilla-gnome-ubuntu/)。


#### GNOME 中的内存泄漏已修复了吗？


已经修复了。[GNOME 3.28 中臭名昭着的内存泄漏](https://feaneron.com/2018/04/20/the-infamous-gnome-shell-memory-leak/) 已经被修复了，并且 [Ubuntu 官方已经在测试这个修复程序](https://community.ubuntu.com/t/help-test-memory-leak-fixes-in-18-04-lts/5251)。


澄清一点，内存泄漏不是由 Ubuntu 系统引起的。它影响了所有使用 GNOME 3.28 的 Linux 发行版。GNOME 3.28.1 发布了一个新的补丁修复内存泄漏问题。


#### Ubuntu 18.04 将会被支持多久？


这是一个长期支持（LTS）版本，与任何 LTS 版本一样，官方会支持五年。这意味着 Ubuntu 18.04 将在 2023 年 4 月之前能获得安全和维护更新。这对于除 Ubuntu Studio 之外的所有基于 Ubuntu 的 Linux 发行版也一样。


#### Ubuntu 18.04 什么时候发布的？


Ubuntu 18.04 LTS 在 4 月 26 日发布。 所有基于 Ubuntu 的 Linux 发行版，如 Kubuntu、Lubuntu、Xubuntu、Budgie、MATE 等都会在同一天发布其 18.04 版本。


不过 [Ubuntu Studio 不会有 18.04 的 LTS 版本](https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2018/04/ubuntu-studio-plans-to-reboot)。


#### 是否能从 16.04/17.10 升级到 Ubuntu 18.04？我可以从使用 Unity 的 Ubuntu 16.04 升级到使用 GNOME 的 Ubuntu 18.04 吗？


绝对没问题。当 Ubuntu 18.04 LTS 发布后，您可以很容易的升级到最新版。


如果您使用的是 Ubuntu 17.10，请确保在“软件和更新”->“更新”中，将“有新版本时通知我”设置为“适用任何新版本”。


![Get notified for a new version in Ubuntu](/data/attachment/album/201805/30/053816kppftzz77ff1spcf.jpg)


如果您使用的是 Ubuntu 16.04，请确保在“软件和更新”->“更新”中，将“有新版本时通知我”设置为“适用长期支持版本”。


![Ubuntu 18.04 upgrade from Ubuntu 16.04](/data/attachment/album/201805/30/053817khhdff1i601aalhv.png)


然后您应该能获得有关新版本更新的系统通知。之后，升级到 Ubuntu 18.04 只需要点击几下鼠标而已。


即使 Ubuntu 16.04 使用的是 Unity，但您仍然可以 [升级到使用 GNOME 的 Ubuntu 18.04](https://itsfoss.com/upgrade-ubuntu-version/)。


#### 升级到 Ubuntu 18.04 意味着什么？我会丢失数据吗？


如果您使用的是 Ubuntu 17.10 或 Ubuntu 16.04，系统会提示您可升级到 Ubuntu 18.04。如果您从互联网上下载 1.5 Gb 的数据不成问题，则只需点击几下鼠标，即可在 30 分钟内升级到 Ubuntu 18.04。


您不需要通过 U 盘来重装系统。升级过程完成后，您将可以使用新的 Ubuntu 版本。


通常，您的数据和文档等在升级过程中是安全的。但是，对重要文档进行备份始终是一个好的习惯。


#### 我什么时候能升级到 Ubuntu 18.04？


如果您使用的是 Ubuntu 17.10 并且正确设置（设置方法在之前提到的问题中），那么在 Ubuntu 18.04 发布的几天内应该会通知您升级到 Ubuntu 18.04。为避免 Ubuntu 服务器在发布时的负载量过大，因此不是每个人都会在同一天收到升级提示。


对于 Ubuntu 16.04 用户，可能需要几周时间才能正式收到 Ubuntu 18.04 升级提示。通常，这将在第一次发布 Ubuntu 18.04.1 之后提示。该版本修复了 18.04 中发现的新 bug。


#### 如果我升级到 Ubuntu 18.04，我可以降级到 17.10/16.04？


抱歉，并不行。尽管升级到新版本很容易，但没有降级的选项。如果您想回到 Ubuntu 16.04，只能重新安装。


#### 我能使用 Ubuntu 18.04 在 32 位系统上吗？


可以，但最好不要这样做。


如果您已经在使用 32 位版本的 Ubuntu 16.04 或 17.10，您依旧可以升级到 Ubuntu 18.04。 但是，您找到不到 32 位的 Ubuntu 18.04 ISO 镜像。换句话说，您无法安装 32 位版本的 Ubuntu 18.04。


有一个好消息是，Ubuntu MATE、Lubuntu 等其他官方版本仍然具有其新版本的 32 位 ISO 镜像。


无论如何，如果您使用一个 32 位系统，那么很可能您的计算机硬件性能过低。在这样的电脑上使用轻量级 [Ubuntu MATE](https://ubuntu-mate.org/) 或 [Lubuntu](https://lubuntu.net/) 系统会更好。


#### 我可以在哪下载 Ubuntu 18.04？


18.04 已经发布了，您可以从其网站获得 Ubuntu 18.04 的 ISO 镜像。您既可以直接官网下载，也能用种子下载。其他官方版本将在其官方网站上提供下载。


#### 我应该重新安装 Ubuntu 18.04 还是从 16.04/17.10 升级上来？


如果您有重新安装的机会，建议备份您的数据并重新安装 Ubuntu 18.04。


从现有版本升级到 18.04 是一个方便的选择。不过，就我个人而言，它仍然保留了旧版本的依赖包。重新安装还是比较干净。


#### 对于重新安装来说，我应该安装 Ubuntu 16.04 还是 Ubuntu 18.04？


如果您要在计算机上安装 Ubuntu，请尽量使用 Ubuntu 18.04 而不是 16.04。


他们都是长期支持版本，并被支持很长一段时间。Ubuntu 16.04 会获得维护和安全更新服务直到 2021 年，而 18.04 则会到 2023 年。


不过，我建议您使用 Ubuntu 18.04。任何 LTS 版本都会在 [一段时间内获得硬件更新支持](https://www.ubuntu.com/info/release-end-of-life)（我认为是两年半的时间内）。之后，它只获得维护更新。如果您有更新的硬件，您将在 18.04 获得更好的支持。


此外，许多应用程序开发人员将很快开始关注 Ubuntu 18.04。新创建的 PPA 可能仅在几个月内支持 18.04。所以使用 18.04 比 16.04 更好。


#### 安装打印机-扫描仪驱动程序比使用 CLI 安装会更容易吗？


在打印机方面，我不是专家，所以我的观点是基于我在这方面有限的知识。大多数新打印机都支持 [IPP协议](https://www.pwg.org/ipp/everywhere.html)，因此它们应该在 Ubuntu 18.04 中能够获到很好的支持。 然而对较旧的打印机我则无法保证。


#### Ubuntu 18.04 是否对 Realtek 和其他 WiFi 适配器有更好的支持？


抱歉，没有关于这部分的具体信息。


#### Ubuntu 18.04 的系统要求？


对于默认的 GNOME 版本，最好您应该有 [4 GB 的内存以便正常使用](https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/SystemRequirements)。使用过去 8 年中发布的处理器也可以运行。但任何比这性能更差的硬件建议使用 [轻量级 Linux 发行版](https://itsfoss.com/lightweight-linux-beginners/)，例如 [Lubuntu](https://lubuntu.net/)。


#### 有关 Ubuntu 18.04 的其问题？


如果还有其他疑问，请随时在下方评论区留言。如果您认为应将其他信息添加到列表中，请告诉我。


（LCTT 译注：本文原文写于 Ubuntu 18.04 LTS 发布之前，译文翻译于发布之后，因此对部分内容做了修改。）




---


via: <https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-18-04-faq/>


作者：[Abhishek Prakash](http://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/) 选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972) 译者：[wyxplus](https://github.com/wyxplus) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出


OK
[Ubuntu 18.04 has been released](https://itsfoss.com/ubuntu-18-04-release-features/). I see lots of questions about Ubuntu 18.04 from Linux users in various Facebook groups and forums.

I have tried to answer those frequently asked questions about Ubuntu 18.04 here. I hope it helps clear your doubts if you had any. And if you still have questions, feel free to ask in the comment section below.

## Ubuntu 18.04: Your Questions Answered

![Ubuntu 18.04 Frequently Asked Questions](https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2018/04/ubuntu-18-04-faq-800x450.png)

Just for clarification, some of the answers here are influenced by my personal opinion. If you are an experienced/aware Ubuntu user, some of the questions may sound *silly* to you. If that’s case, just ignore those questions.

### When will Ubuntu 18.04 be released?

Ubuntu 18.04 LTS has been released on 26th April. All the participating flavors like Kubuntu, Lubuntu, Xubuntu, Budgie, MATE etc will have their 18.04 release available on the same day.

It seems [Ubuntu Studio will not have 18.04 as LTS release](https://www.omgubuntu.co.uk/2018/04/ubuntu-studio-plans-to-reboot).

### What are the system requirements for Ubuntu 18.04?

For the default GNOME version, you should have a minimum 2GB RAM and 25 GB hard disk. However, I would advise having [4 GB of RAM for a comfortable use](https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/SystemRequirements).

A processor released in last 8 years will work as well. Anything older than that should use a [lightweight Linux distribution](https://itsfoss.com/lightweight-linux-beginners/) such as [Lubuntu](https://lubuntu.net/).

### Can I use Ubuntu 18.04 on 32-bit systems?

Yes and no.

If you are already using the 32-bit version of Ubuntu 16.04 or 17.10, you may still get to upgrade to Ubuntu 18.04. However, you won’t find Ubuntu 18.04 bit ISO in 32-bit format anymore. In other words, you cannot do a fresh install of the 32-bit version of Ubuntu 18.04 GNOME.

The good news here is that other official flavors like Ubuntu MATE, Lubuntu etc still have the 32-bit ISO of their new versions.

In any case, if you have a 32-bit system, chances are that your system is weak on hardware. You’ll be better off using lightweight [Ubuntu MATE](https://ubuntu-mate.org/) or [Lubuntu](https://lubuntu.net/) on such system.

### Where can I download Ubuntu 18.04?

![Download Ubuntu 18.04](https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2018/04/ubuntu-18-04-download-800x420.jpg)

You can get the ISO image of Ubuntu 18.04 GNOME from its website. You have both direct download and torrent options. Other official flavors will be available on their official websites.

### Can I download Ubuntu 18.04 via torrent?

Yes. you can. If you have an inconsistent or slow internet, you can download Ubuntu ISO image via torrent as well. Just go to the Ubuntu download page and look for alternative downloads. Scroll down a bit and you’ll see the torrent options.

For your comfort, I have provided the link to the alternative downloads (i.e. torrents) page here.

### Do I have to pay for Ubuntu or purchase a license?

No, Ubuntu is completely free to use. You don’t have to buy a license key or activate Ubuntu like you do in Windows.

The download section of Ubuntu requests you to donate some money but it’s up to you if you want to give some money for developing this awesome operating system.

### Can I install Unity on Ubuntu 18.04?

Yes, you can.

Canonical knows that there are people who simply loved Unity. This is why it has made Unity 7 available in the Universe repository. This is a community maintained edition and Ubuntu doesn’t develop it directly.

I advise using the default GNOME first and if you really cannot tolerate it, then go on [installing Unity on Ubuntu 18.04](https://itsfoss.com/use-unity-ubuntu-17-10/).

### What GNOME version does it have?

At the time of its release, Ubuntu 18.04 has GNOME 3.28.

### Can I install vanilla GNOME on it?

Yes, you can.

Existing GNOME users might not like the Unity resembling, customized GNOME desktop in Ubuntu 18.04. There are some packages available in Ubuntu’s main and universe repositories that allows you to [install vanilla GNOME on Ubuntu 18.04](https://itsfoss.com/vanilla-gnome-ubuntu/).

### Has the memory leak in GNOME fixed?

Yes. The [infamous memory leak in GNOME 3.28](https://feaneron.com/2018/04/20/the-infamous-gnome-shell-memory-leak/) has been fixed and [Ubuntu is already testing the fix](https://community.ubuntu.com/t/help-test-memory-leak-fixes-in-18-04-lts/5251).

Just to clarify, the memory leak was not caused by Ubuntu. It was/is impacting all Linux distributions that use GNOME 3.28. A new patch was released under GNOME 3.28.1 to fix this memory leak.

### How long will Ubuntu 18.04 be supported?

It is a long-term support (LTS) release and like any LTS release, it will be supported for five years. Which means that Ubuntu 18.04 will get security and maintenance updates until April 2023. This is also true for all participating flavors except Ubuntu Studio.

### Is it possible to upgrade to Ubuntu 18.04 from 16.04/17.10? Can I upgrade from Ubuntu 16.04 with Unity to Ubuntu 18.04 with GNOME?

Yes, absolutely. Once Ubuntu 18.04 LTS is released, you can easily upgrade to the new version.

If you are using Ubuntu 17.10, make sure that in Software & Updates -> Updates, the ‘Notify me of a new Ubuntu version’ is set to ‘For any new version’.

![Get notified for a new version in Ubuntu](https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2018/03/upgrade-ubuntu-2.jpeg)

If you are using Ubuntu 16.04, make sure that in Software & Updates -> Updates, the ‘Notify me of a new Ubuntu version’ is set to ‘For long-term support versions’.

![Ubuntu 18.04 upgrade from Ubuntu 16.04](https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2017/10/ubuntu-18-04-upgrade-settings-800x379.png)

You should get system notification about the availability of the new versions. After that, upgrading to Ubuntu 18.04 is a matter of clicks.

Even if Ubuntu 16.04 was Unity, you can still [upgrade to Ubuntu 18.04](https://itsfoss.com/upgrade-ubuntu-version/) GNOME.

### What does upgrading to Ubuntu 18.04 mean? Will I lose my data?

If you are using Ubuntu 17.10 or Ubuntu 16.04, sooner or later, Ubuntu will notify you that Ubuntu 18.04 is available. If you have a good internet connection that can download 1.5 Gb of data, you can upgrade to Ubuntu 18.04 in a few clicks and in under 30 minutes.

You don’t need to create a new USB and do a fresh install. Once the upgrade procedure finishes, you’ll have the new Ubuntu version available.

Normally, your data, documents etc are safe in the upgrade procedure. However, keeping a backup of your important documents is always a good idea.

### When will I get to upgrade to Ubuntu 18.04?

If you are using Ubuntu 17.10 and have correct update settings in place (as mentioned in the previous section), you should be notified for upgrading to Ubuntu 18.04 within a few days of Ubuntu 18.04 release.

For Ubuntu 16.04 users, it may take some weeks before they are officially notified of the availability of Ubuntu 18.04. Usually, this will happen after the first point release Ubuntu 18.04.1. This point release fixes the newly discovered bugs in 18.04.

### If I upgrade to Ubuntu 18.04 can I downgrade to 17.10 or 16.04?

No, you cannot. While upgrading to the newer version is easy, there is no option to downgrade. If you want to go back to Ubuntu 16.04, you’ll have to do a fresh install.

### Should I do a fresh install of Ubuntu 18.04 or upgrade to it from 16.04/17.10?

If you have a choice, make a backup of your data and do a fresh install of Ubuntu 18.04.

Upgrading to 18.04 from an existing version is a convenient option. However, in my opinion, it still keeps some traces/packages of the older version. A fresh install is always cleaner.

For a fresh install, should I install Ubuntu 16.04 or Ubuntu 18.04?

If you are going to install Ubuntu on a system, go for Ubuntu 18.04 instead of 16.04.

Both of them are long-term support release and will be supported for a long time. Ubuntu 16.04 will get maintenance and security updates until 2021 and 18.04 until 2023.

However, I would suggest that you use Ubuntu 18.04. Any LTS release gets [hardware updates for a limited time](https://www.ubuntu.com/info/release-end-of-life) (two and a half years I think). After that, it only gets maintenance updates. If you have newer hardware, you’ll get better support in 18.04.

Also, many application developers will start focusing on Ubuntu 18.04 soon. Newly created PPAs might only support 18.04 in a few months. Using 18.04 has its advantages over 16.04.

### Will it be easier to install printer-scanner drivers instead of using the CLI?

I am not an expert when it comes to printers so my opinion is based on my limited knowledge in this field. Most of the new printers support [IPP protocol](https://www.pwg.org/ipp/everywhere.html) and thus they should be well supported in Ubuntu 18.04. I cannot say the same about older printers.

### Does Ubuntu 18.04 have better support for Realtek and other WiFi adapters?

No specific information on this part.

### Any other questions about Ubuntu 18.04?

If you have any other doubts regarding Ubuntu 18.04, please feel free to leave a comment below. If you think some other information should be added to the list, please let me know.