如何在 Linux 中创建 USB 启动盘来拯救 Windows 用户
USB 启动盘

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> WoeUSB 可以在 Linux 中制作 Windows 启动盘，并帮助你的朋友解锁他们罢工的机器。
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![](/data/attachment/album/202102/22/143829x0gm1gkmw1yb1zu8.jpg "Puzzle pieces coming together to form a computer screen")


人们经常要求我帮助他们恢复被锁死或损坏的 Windows 电脑。有时，我可以使用 Linux USB 启动盘来挂载 Windows 分区，然后从损坏的系统中传输和备份文件。


有的时候，客户丢失了他们的密码或以其他方式锁死了他们的登录账户凭证。解锁账户的一种方法是创建一个 Windows 启动盘来修复计算机。微软允许你从网站下载 Windows 的副本，并提供创建 USB 启动盘的工具。但要使用它们，你需要一台 Windows 电脑，这意味着，作为一个 Linux 用户，我需要其他方法来创建一个 DVD 或 USB 启动盘。我发现在 Linux 上创建 Windows USB 很困难。我的可靠工具，如 [Etcher.io](https://etcher.io/)、[Popsicle](https://github.com/pop-os/popsicle)（适用于 Pop!\_OS）和 [UNetbootin](https://github.com/unetbootin/unetbootin)，或者从命令行使用 `dd` 来创建可启动媒体，都不是很成功。


直到我发现了 [WoeUSB-ng](https://github.com/WoeUSB/WoeUSB-ng)，一个 [GPL 3.0](https://github.com/WoeUSB/WoeUSB-ng/blob/master/COPYING) 许可的 Linux 工具，它可以为 Windows Vista、7、8 和 10 创建一个 USB 启动盘。这个开源软件有两个程序：一个命令行工具和一个图形用户界面 （GUI） 版本。


### 安装 WoeUSB-ng


GitHub 仓库包含了在 Arch、Ubuntu、Fedora 或使用 pip3 [安装](https://github.com/WoeUSB/WoeUSB-ng#installation) WoeUSB-ng 的说明。


如果你是受支持的 Linux 发行版，你可以使用你的包管理器安装 WoeUSB-ng。或者，你可以使用 Python 的包管理器 [pip](https://opensource.com/downloads/pip-cheat-sheet) 来安装应用程序。这在任何 Linux 发行版中都是通用的。这些方法在功能上没有区别，所以使用你熟悉的任何一种。


我运行的是 Pop!\_OS，它是 Ubuntu 的衍生版本，但由于对 Python 很熟悉，我选择了 pip3 安装：



```
$ sudo pip3 install WoeUSB-ng

```

### 创建一个启动盘


你可以从命令行或 GUI 版本使用 WoeUSB-ng。


要从命令行创建一个启动盘，语法要求命令包含 Windows ISO 文件的路径和一个设备。（本例中是 `/dev/sdX`。使用 `lsblk` 命令来确定你的驱动器）



```
$ sudo woeusb --device Windows.iso /dev/sdX

```

你也可以启动该程序，以获得简单易用的界面。在 WoeUSB-ng 应用程序窗口中，找到 `Windows.iso` 文件并选择它。选择你的 USB 目标设备（你想变成 Windows 启动盘的驱动器）。这将会删除这个驱动器上的所有信息，所以要谨慎选择，然后仔细检查（再三检查）你的选择！


当你确认正确选择目标驱动器后，点击 **Install** 按钮。


![WoeUSB-ng UI](/data/attachment/album/202102/22/143841fxgvmacbxwllx0ia.png "WoeUSB-ng UI")


创建该介质需要 5 到 10 分钟，这取决于你的 Linux 电脑的处理器、内存、USB 端口速度等。请耐心等待。


当这个过程完成并验证后，你将有可用的 Windows USB 启动盘，以帮助其他人修复 Windows 计算机。


### 帮助他人


开源就是为了帮助他人。很多时候，你可以通过使用基于 Linux 的[系统救援 CD](https://www.system-rescue.org/) 来帮助 Windows 用户。但有时，唯一的帮助方式是直接从 Windows 中获取，而 WoeUSB-ng 是一个很好的开源工具，它可以让这成为可能。




---


via: <https://opensource.com/article/21/2/linux-woeusb>


作者：[Don Watkins](https://opensource.com/users/don-watkins) 选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972) 译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出


OK
People regularly ask me to help them rescue Windows computers that have become locked or damaged. Sometimes, I can use a Linux USB boot drive to mount Windows partitions and then transfer and back up files from the damaged systems.

Other times, clients lose their passwords or otherwise lock their login account credentials. One way to unlock an account is to create a Windows boot disk to repair the computer. Microsoft allows you to download copies of Windows from its website and offers tools to create a USB boot device. But to use them, you need a Windows computer, which means, as a Linux user, I need another way to create a boot DVD or USB drive. I have found it difficult to create Windows USBs on Linux. My reliable tools, like [Etcher.io](https://etcher.io/), [Popsicle](https://github.com/pop-os/popsicle) (for Pop!_OS), and [UNetbootin](https://github.com/unetbootin/unetbootin), or using `dd`

from the command line to create bootable media, have not been very successful.


That is until I discovered [WoeUSB-ng](https://github.com/WoeUSB/WoeUSB-ng), a [GPL 3.0](https://github.com/WoeUSB/WoeUSB-ng/blob/master/COPYING) Linux tool that creates a bootable USB drive for Windows Vista, 7, 8, and 10. The open source software has two programs: a command-line utility and a graphical user interface (GUI) version.

## Install WoeUSB-ng

The GitHub repository contains instructions for [installing](https://github.com/WoeUSB/WoeUSB-ng#installation) WoeUSB-ng on Arch, Ubuntu, Fedora, or with pip3.

If you're on a supported Linux operating system, you can install WoeUSB-ng using your package manager. Alternatively, you can use Python's package manager, [pip](https://opensource.com/downloads/pip-cheat-sheet), to install the application. This is universal across any Linux distribution. There's no functional difference between these methods, so use whichever's familiar to you.

I'm running Pop!_OS, which is an Ubuntu derivative, but being comfortable with Python, I chose the pip3 install:

`$ sudo pip3 install WoeUSB-ng`


## Create a boot disk

You can use WoeUSB-ng from the command line or the GUI version.

To create a boot disk from the command line, the syntax requires the command, a path to your Windows ISO file (`/dev/sdX`

in this example; use the `lsblk`

command to determine your drive), and a device:

`$ sudo woeusb --device Windows.iso /dev/sdX`


You can also launch the program for an easy-to-use interface. In the WoeUSB-ng application window, find the Windows.iso file and select it. Choose your USB target device—the drive you want to make into a Windows boot drive. This will ERASE all information on this drive, so choose carefully—and then double-check (and triple-check) your choice!

Once you're sure you have the right destination drive selected, click the **Install** button.

![WoeUSB-ng UI WoeUSB-ng UI](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/woeusb-ng-gui.png)

(Don Watkins, CC BY-SA 4.0)

Creating media takes five to 10 minutes, depending on your Linux computer's processor, memory, USB port speed, etc. Be patient.

Once the process is finished and verified, you have a functional Windows USB boot device to help someone repair their Windows computer.

## Help others

Open source is all about helping other people. Very often, you can help Windows users by using the Linux-based [System Rescue CD](https://www.system-rescue.org/). But sometimes, the only way to help is directly from Windows, and WoeUSB-ng is a great open source tool to make that possible.

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