树莓派使用入门：你应该选择哪种树莓派？
树莓派

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> 在我们的《树莓派使用入门》系列的第一篇文章中，我们将学习选择符合你要求的树莓派型号的三个标准。
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![](/data/attachment/album/201903/12/105803vanicgupv9zifuih.png)


本文是《14 天学会[树莓派](https://www.raspberrypi.org/)使用》系列文章的第一篇。虽然本系列文章主要面向没有使用过树莓派或 Linux 或没有编程经验的人群，但是肯定有些东西还是需要有经验的读者的，我希望这些读者能够留下他们有益的评论、提示和补充。如果每个人都能贡献，这将会让本系列文章对初学者、其它有经验的读者、甚至是我更受益！


言归正传，如果你想拥有一个树莓派，但不知道应该买哪个型号。或许你希望为你的教学活动或你的孩子买一个，但面对这么多的选择，却不知道应该买哪个才是正确的决定。


![](/data/attachment/album/201903/12/105806q9bldbxup9dvqdb9.png)


关于选择一个新的树莓派，我有三个主要的标准：


* **成本：** 不能只考虑树莓派板的成本，还需要考虑到你使用它时外围附件的成本。在美国，树莓派的成本区间是从 5 美元（树莓派 Zero）到 35 美元（树莓派 3 B 和 3 B+）。但是，如果你选择 Zero，那么你或许还需要一个 USB hub 去连接你的鼠标、键盘、无线网卡、以及某种显示适配器。不论你想使用树莓派做什么，除非你已经有了（假如不是全部）大部分的外设，那么你一定要把这些外设考虑到预算之中。此外，在一些国家，对于许多学生和老师，树莓派（即便没有任何外设）的购置成本也或许是一个不少的成本负担。
* **可获得性：** 根据你所在地去查找你想要的树莓派，因为在一些国家得到某些版本的树莓派可能很容易（或很困难）。在新型号刚发布后，可获得性可能是个很大的问题，在你的市场上获得最新版本的树莓派可能需要几天或几周的时间。
* **用途：** 所在地和成本可能并不会影响每个人，但每个购买者必须要考虑的是买树莓派做什么。因内存、CPU 核心、CPU 速度、物理尺寸、网络连接、外设扩展等不同衍生出八个不同的型号。比如，如果你需要一个拥有更大的“马力”时健壮性更好的解决方案，那么你或许应该选择树莓派 3 B+，它有更大的内存、最快的 CPU、以及更多的核心数。如果你的解决方案并不需要网络连接，并不用于 CPU 密集型的工作，并且需要将它隐藏在一个非常小的空间中，那么一个树莓派 Zero 将是你的最佳选择。


[维基百科的树莓派规格表](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi#Specifications) 是比较八种树莓派型号的好办法。


现在，你已经知道了如何找到适合你的树莓派了，下一篇文章中，我将介绍如何购买它。




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via: <https://opensource.com/article/19/3/which-raspberry-pi-choose>


作者：[Anderson Silva](https://opensource.com/users/ansilva) 选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972) 译者：[qhwdw](https://github.com/qhwdw) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出


OK
This is the first article in a 14-day series on getting started with the [Raspberry Pi](https://www.raspberrypi.org/). Although the series is geared towards people who have never used a Raspberry Pi or Linux or programming, there will definitely be things for more experienced readers—and I encourage those readers to leave comments and tips that build on what I write. If everyone contributes, we can make this series even more useful for beginners, other experienced readers, and even me!

So, you want to give the Raspberry Pi a shot, but you don't know which model to buy. Maybe you want one for your classroom or your kid, but there are so many options, and you aren't sure which one is right for you.

![Raspberry Pi boards Raspberry Pi boards](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/raspberry-pi-boards-2020.png)


My three main criteria for choosing a new Raspberry Pi are:

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**Cost:**Don't just consider the cost of the Raspberry Pi board, but also factor the peripherals you will need in order to use it. In the US, the Raspberry Pi's cost varies from $5 (for the Raspberry Pi Zero) to $35 (for the Raspberry Pi 3 B and 3 B+). However, if you pick the Zero you will probably also need a USB hub for your mouse and keyboard, possibly a wireless adapter, and some sort of display adapter. Unless you have most (if not all) of the peripherals needed for whatever you want to do with your Raspberry Pi, make sure to add those to your Pi budget. Also, in some countries, a Raspberry Pi on its own (even without any peripherals) may be a cost burden for many students and teachers. -
**Availability:**Finding the Raspberry Pi you want can vary depending on your location, as it may be easier (or harder) to get certain versions in some countries. Availability is an even bigger issue after new models are released, and it can take a few days or even weeks for new versions to become available in your market. -
**Purpose:**Location and cost may not affect everyone, but every buyer must consider*why*they want a Raspberry Pi. The eight different models vary in RAM, CPU core, CPU speed, physical size, network connectivity, peripheral expansion, etc. For example, if you want the most robust solution with more "horsepower," you probably will want the Raspberry Pi 3 B+, which has the most RAM, fastest CPU, and largest number of cores. If you want something that won't require network connectivity, won't be used for CPU-intensive work, and can be hidden in a small space, you could go with a Raspberry Pi Zero.

[Wikipedia's Raspberry Pi specs chart](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi#Specifications) is an easy way to compare the eight Raspberry Pis models.

Now that you know what to look for in a Raspberry Pi, in the next article, I will explain how to buy one.

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