DevOps 将去向何方？
DevOps DevSecOps AIOps
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> 微软、谷歌、亚马逊、IBM 和甲骨文如今都在关注云上的 DevOps。这些大公司正在给企业提供 IT 自动化的服务。然而，DevOps 仍然在持续的演进中。DevSecOps、AIOps 和 NoOps 正在成为下一个流行词。
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随着开发和管理人员看到及时交付高质量软件的商业价值，<ruby> 敏捷 <rt>  Agile </rt></ruby>方法论和 DevOps 也变得流行起来。拥有灵活的发布周期，并且交付具有<ruby> 可扩展 <rt>  scalable </rt></ruby>和<ruby> 可定制 <rt>  customizable </rt></ruby>的软件，是世界上每个企业的目标。通过将 CI/CD 工具和<ruby> 管道 <rt>  pipeline </rt></ruby>部署到云端，DevOps 使发布过程变得更加流畅。融合了 DevOps 的 Polyglot 微服务架构正在帮助企业降低总拥有成本（TCO）。他们现在有能力用渐进式网络应用程序和最新的 UI 框架升级他们的技术栈。总的来说，团队正在以更好的效率执行任务，并且正在开发高质量的软件模块。


### 自治 DevOps


容器和 DevOps 与云原生应用走到了一起。Kubernetes 和 Docker 正在被用作容器，一个新的名词 NoOps 现在正在流行。对于不同的容器，<ruby> 编排 <rt>  Orchestration </rt></ruby>都是一个重要的功能。为了扩展应用，开发环境中要创建容器集群。有一些新的容器正在进入云原生应用这个领域，比如 Mesos、Swarm、Openshift Rancher 和 Nomad。NoOps 有助于缩短编码周期，从而监控和管理应用程序。缺陷修复和热修复是不同的活动，它们都是 NoOps 的一部分。NoOps 有助于提高技术团队和业务运营人员之间的协同作用。它也有助于更好的监控、管理和流程自动化。NoOps 基础设施能够控制应用程序在云上的部署。企业从中获得的好处包括更好的交付、弹性的服务、更快的发布、良好的质量和 CI/CD 自动化。


### DevSecOps


DevSecOps 算是另一个流行趋势，它与在开发操作中的安全问题有关。最近与<ruby> 漏洞 <rt>  vulnerabilities </rt></ruby>（log4j），<ruby> 安全泄露 <rt>  security breach </rt></ruby>（谷歌、脸书、微软），和安全攻击相关的问题增加了 DevSecOps 在企业中的重要性。<ruby> 左移 <rt>  shift left </rt></ruby>方法强调了在软件生命周期的早期处理安全性和质量的重要性。在架构阶段就需要考虑隐私和<ruby> 遵从性 <rt>  compliances </rt></ruby>（如 GDPR）。这有助于降低成本，并且提升软件交付的速度。审计工具和安全检查列表是 DevOps 工具和系统的一部分，现在我们称为 DevSecOps。


### AIOps


AI DevOps 现在被称为 AIOps。据预测，将来 AI 应用会由 AIOps 来管理。与 AIOps 相关的工具和软件正在开发中，并且将很快发布首个版本。AI/ML 应用部署和模型更新可以由 AIOps 来处理。这将在<ruby> 工业 4.0 <rt>  Industry 4.0 </rt></ruby> 以及数据科学中扮演重要角色。有一种观点认为，NoOps 将会是 AIOps 的最终形态。AIOps 包括数据集管理、模型训练、模型服务、元数据管理、模型更新和服务更新。分布式训练将由 AIOps 来完成，这会提供<ruby> 超参数 <rt>  hyper parameter </rt></ruby>优化，工作流程管理和“<ruby> 假设 <rt>  what if </rt></ruby>”的分析能力。


### 微服务配置管理


当前，DevOps 和微服务正在成为标准部署和<ruby> 架构蓝图 <rt>  architectural blueprints </rt></ruby>来实施。应用可以在模块级别上就进行扩展。微服务可以在简化缺陷修复和问题区域隔离上提供帮助。经过设计，微服务可以通过添加更多<ruby> 计算能力 <rt>  computing power </rt></ruby>的<ruby> 实例 <rt>  instances </rt></ruby>来进行扩展。但是当它们没有被正确实现的时候，数据安全和管理的问题就会突然出现。


### 平台即产品


云上的<ruby> 软件即服务 <rt>  Software as a Service </rt></ruby>和<ruby> 平台即产品 <rt>  Platform as a Product </rt></ruby>最近非常流行。通过加速向平台部署和功能交付，DevOps 使这些变成现实。从编码到上线阶段，CI/CD 管道有助于可视化应用的部署。持续交付、集成和部署都是 DevOps 的一部分。DevOps 生产线模拟工业生产线是未来要关注的。


DevOps 正在慢慢地向 DevSecOps 和 AIOps 转变。对于企业，NoOps 才是未来。现在需要的是减少与安全相关的攻击、事故和破坏发生。对于企业来说，数据安全和隐私的优先级更高，并且这些新技术都将在这方面有所帮助。




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via: <https://www.opensourceforu.com/2022/09/where-is-devops-headed/>


作者：[Bhagvan Kommadi](https://www.opensourceforu.com/author/bhagvan-kommadi/) 选题：[lkxed](https://github.com/lkxed) 译者：[Yufei-Yan](https://github.com/Yufei-Yan) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出


OK
*Microsoft, Google, Amazon, IBM, and Oracle are today focusing on DevOps on the cloud. IT automation is what these big companies are offering enterprises. However, DevOps is evolving continuously. DevSecOps, AIOps and NoOps are set to be the next buzzwords.*

Agile methodology and DevOps have become popular as developers and managers see the business value in delivering good quality software in time. To have flexible release cycles and deliver software with scalable and customisable features is the goal of every enterprise in the world. DevOps has smoothened the release process with CI/CD tools and pipelines being deployed on to the cloud. Polyglot microservices architecture blended with DevOps is helping enterprises to cut down the total cost of ownership. They now have capabilities to upgrade their technology stack with progressive Web apps and the latest UI frameworks. Overall, teams are performing with better efficiency and quality software modules are being developed.

## Autonomous DevOps

Containers and DevOps go together with cloud native applications. Kubernetes and Docker are being used as containers and a new term called NoOps is trending now. Orchestration is an important feature of different containers. Container clusters are being created in developer environments to scale the application. There are new containers like Mesos, Swarm, Openshift Rancher and Nomad getting into the cloud native application space. NoOps helps in cutting down the coding cycles in order to monitor and manage the application. Defect fixing and hotfixes are different activities, which are part of NoOps. NoOps helps to improve the synergy between technical teams and business operations personnel. It helps in better monitoring, management, and process automation. NoOps infrastructure enables control of app deployment on the cloud. Enterprises derive benefits like better delivery, service resilience, faster time to market, good quality, and CI/CD automation.

## DevSecOps

DevSecOps is another popular trend related to the security concerns addressed during development operations. Recent issues related to vulnerabilities (log4j), security breaches (Google, Facebook, Microsoft), and security attacks have increased the importance of DevSecOps in enterprises. A shift left approach emphasises the importance of security and quality to be addressed earlier in the software life cycle. Privacy and compliances like GDPR need to be considered at the architectural phase itself. This helps in cutting down costs and improving the speed of the software delivery. Auditing tools and security checklists are part of the DevOps tools and systems, which we call DevSecOps now.

## AIOps

AI DevOps is now called AIOps. It is being predicted that AI applications will be managed by AIOps in future. Tools and software related to AIOps are being developed and available as first releases. AI/ML applications deployment and model updates can be handled by AIOps. This will play an important role in Industry 4.0 and data science. There is a school of thought that NoOps will be the end point for AIOps. AIOps consists of data set management, model training, model serving, metadata management, model updates, and service updates. Distributed training is enabled by AIOps, which gives the capabilities for hyper parameter optimisation, workflow management, and ‘what if’ analysis.

## Microservices configuration management

DevOps and microservices are being implemented as standard deployment and architectural blueprints these days. Apps can be scaled at the module level. Microservices help in simplifying the fixing of defects and isolating problem areas. Microservices by design can be scaled by adding more instances of computing power. But when they are not implemented correctly, issues related to data security and management crop up.

## Platform as a Product

Software as a Service and Platform as a Product are popular these days on the cloud. DevOps makes these a reality by accelerating the deployment and delivery of features to the platform. CI/CD pipelines help in visualising the app deployment, right from coding to live phases. Continuous delivery, integration and deployment are all part of DevOps. The future is about DevOps assembly lines simulating industry assembly lines.

DevOps is slowly graduating to DevSecOps and AIOps. NoOps for enterprises is the future. The need of the hour is to cut down the occurrence of security related attacks, incidents, and breaches. Data security and privacy is a high priority for enterprises, and these new technologies will all help with that.