Adobe Photoshop 的 4 种自由开源替代品
GIMP Photoshop

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> 想寻找免费的 Photoshop 替代品？这里有一些最好的自由开源软件，你可以用它们来代替 Adobe Photoshop。
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Adobe Photoshop 是一个可用于 Windows 和 macOS 的高级图像编辑和设计工具。毫无疑问，几乎每个人都知道它。其十分受欢迎。在 Linux 上，你可以在虚拟机中使用 Windows 或[通过 Wine](https://itsfoss.com/install-latest-wine/) 来使用 Photoshop，但这并不是一种理想的体验。


一般来说，我们没有太多可以替代 Adobe Photoshop 的选项。然而，在本文中，我们将提到一些在 Linux 上可用的最佳的开源 Photoshop 替代品（也支持跨平台）。


请注意 Photoshop 不仅仅是一个图片编辑器。摄影师、数码艺术家、专业编辑使用它用于各种用途。此处的替代软件可能不具备 Photoshop 的所有功能，但你可以将它们用于在 Photoshop 中完成的各种任务。


### 适用于 Linux、Windows 和 macOS 的 Adobe Photoshop 的开源替代品


![](/data/attachment/album/201910/17/233850adhmddd1d2dxnkxf.png)


最初，我想只关注 Linux 中的 Photoshop 替代品，但为什么要把这个列表局限于 Linux 呢？其他操作系统用户也可使用开源软件。


**如果你正在使用 Linux，则所有提到的软件都应该可以在你的发行版的存储库中找到。你可以使用软件中心或包管理器进行安装。**


对于其他平台，请查看官方项目网站以获取安装文件。


*该列表没有特定的排名顺序*


#### 1、GIMP：真正的 Photoshop 替代品


![](/data/attachment/album/201910/17/233745jcmgnm3yovsq20c3.jpg)


主要特点：


* 可定制的界面
* 数字级修饰
* 照片增强（使用变换工具）
* 支持广泛的硬件（压敏平板、音乐数字接口等）
* 几乎支持所有主要的图像文件
* 支持图层管理


可用平台：Linux、Windows 和 macOS


[GIMP](https://www.gimp.org/) 是我处理任何事情的必备工具，无论任务多么基础/高级。也许，这是你在 Linux 下最接近 Photoshop 的替代品。除此之外，它还是一个开源和免费的解决方案，适合希望在 Linux 上创作伟大作品的艺术家。


它具有任何类型的图像处理所必需的所有功能。当然，还有图层管理支持。根据你的经验水平，利用率会有所不同。因此，如果你想充分利用它，则应阅读 [文档](https://www.gimp.org/docs/) 并遵循 [官方教程](https://www.gimp.org/tutorials/)。


#### 2、Krita


![](/data/attachment/album/201910/17/233750vbpbcbk4zckpi87p.png)


主要特点：


* 支持图层管理
* 转换工具
* 丰富的笔刷/绘图工具


可用平台：Linux、Windows 和 macOS


[Krita](https://krita.org/) 是一个令人印象深刻的开源的数字绘画工具。图层管理支持和转换工具的存在使它成为 Photoshop 的基本编辑任务的替代品之一。


如果你喜欢素描/绘图，这将对你很有帮助。


#### 3、Darktable


![](/data/attachment/album/201910/17/233752kvroxleizzjt7xqc.jpg)


主要特点：


* RAW 图像显影
* 支持多种图像格式
* 多个带有混合运算符的图像操作模块


可用平台：Linux、Windows 和 macOS


[Darktable](https://www.darktable.org/) 是一个由摄影师制作的开源摄影工作流应用程序。它可以让你在数据库中管理你的数码底片。从你的收藏中，显影 RAW 格式的图像并使用可用的工具对其进行增强。


从基本的图像编辑工具到支持混合运算符的多个图像模块，你将在探索中发现许多。


#### 4、Inkscape


![](/data/attachment/album/201910/17/233755pexpdzendsvvpomx.jpg)


主要特点：


* 创建对象的工具（最适合绘图/素描）
* 支持图层管理
* 用于图像处理的转换工具
* 颜色选择器（RGB、HSL、CMYK、色轮、CMS）
* 支持所有主要文件格式


可用平台：Linux、Windows 和 macOS


[Inkscape](https://inkscape.org/) 是一个非常流行的开源矢量图形编辑器，许多专业人士都使用它。它提供了灵活的设计工具，可帮助你创作漂亮的艺术作品。从技术上说，它是 Adobe Illustrator 的直接替代品，但它也提供了一些技巧，可以帮助你将其作为 Photoshop 的替代品。


与 GIMP 的官方资源类似，你可以利用 [Inkscape 的教程](https://inkscape.org/learn/) 来最大程度地利用它。


### 在你看来，真正的 Photoshop 替代品是什么？


很难提供与 Adobe Photoshop 完全相同的功能。然而，如果你遵循官方文档和资源，则可以使用上述 Photoshop 替代品做很多很棒的事情。


Adobe 提供了一系列的图形工具，并且我们有 [整个 Adobe 创意套件的开源替代方案](https://itsfoss.com/adobe-alternatives-linux/)。 你也可以去看看。


你觉得我们在此提到的 Photoshop 替代品怎么样？你是否知道任何值得提及的更好的替代方案？请在下面的评论中告诉我们。




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via: <https://itsfoss.com/open-source-photoshop-alternatives/>


作者：[Ankush Das](https://itsfoss.com/author/ankush/) 选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972) 译者：[algzjh](https://github.com/algzjh) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出


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![Warp Terminal](/assets/images/warp-terminal.webp)


![Warp Terminal](/assets/images/warp-terminal.webp)

Adobe Photoshop is a premium image editing and design tool available for Windows and macOS. Undoubtedly, almost everyone knows about it. It’s that popular. Well, you can use Photoshop on Linux using Windows in a virtual machine or by [using Wine](https://itsfoss.com/install-latest-wine/) – but that is not an ideal experience.

In general, we don’t have a lot of options available as a replacement for Adobe Photoshop. However, in this article, we shall mention some of the best open-source Photoshop alternatives available for Linux (with cross-platform support as well).

Do note that Photoshop is not just a photo editor. It’s used by photographers, digital artists, professional editors for various usage. The alternative software here may not have all the features of Photoshop but you can use them for various task that you do in Photoshop.

## Open Source Alternatives to Adobe Photoshop for Linux, Windows and macOS

![Open Source Photoshop Alternatives](https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2019/10/open_source_photoshop_alternatives.png)

Initially, I thought of focusing only on Photoshop alternatives for Linux but why confine this list for Linux only? Other operating system users should also use the open source software.

*If you are using Linux, all the mentioned software should be available in the repositories of your distribution. You can install it using the software center or the package manager.*

For other platforms, please check the official project websites to get the installer files.

* The list is in no particular order of ranking*.

### 1. GIMP: The true Photoshop alternative

![GIMP screenshot](https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2018/08/gimp-screenshot.jpg)

Key Features:

- Customizable Interface
- Digital Retouching
- Photo Enhancement (using transform tools)
- Wide range of hardware support (pressure-sensitive tablets, MIDIs, etc.)
- Almost every major image file supported
- Layer management support

**Platforms available for:** Linux, Windows and macOS

[GIMP](https://www.gimp.org/?ref=itsfoss.com) is my go-to tool for everything – no matter how basic/advanced the task is. Probably, this is the closest that you will get as a replacement for Photoshop on Linux. In addition to this, it is an open source and free solution for an artist looking to create great artwork on Linux.

It features all the necessary features for any kind of image manipulation. Of course, there’s layer management support. Depending on your experience level – the utilization will differ. So, if you are looking to make the most out of it, you should read the [documentation](https://www.gimp.org/docs/?ref=itsfoss.com) and follow the [official tutorials](https://www.gimp.org/tutorials/?ref=itsfoss.com).

### 2. Krita

![Krita Paint](https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2019/09/krita-paint.png)

Key Features:

- Layer management support
- Transformation tools
- Variety of brushes/drawing tools

**Platforms available for:** Linux, Windows and macOS

[Krita](https://krita.org/?ref=itsfoss.com) is an impressive open source tool for digital painting. The layer management support and the presence of transformation tools help makes it one of the Photoshop alternatives for basic editing tasks.

If you’re into sketching/drawing, this will help you a lot.

### 3. Darktable

![Darktable](https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2019/09/darktable.jpg)

Key Features:

- Develop RAW images
- Variety of Image formats supported
- Several Image operation modules with blending operators

**Platforms available for**: Linux, Windows and macOS

[Darktable](https://www.darktable.org/?ref=itsfoss.com) is an open source photography workflow application made by photographers. It lets you manage your digital negatives in a database. From your collection, develop raw images and enhance them using the tools available.

Starting from the basic image editing tools to several image modules supporting blending operators, you will find a lot of things as you explore.

### 4. Inkscape

![](https://itsfoss.com/content/images/wordpress/2017/12/inkscape-screenshot.jpg)

Key Features:

- Tools for object creation (best for drawing/sketching)
- Layer management support
- Transformation tools for image manipulation
- Color selector (RGB, HSL, CMYK, color wheel, CMS)
- Support for all major file formats

**Platforms available for**: Linux, Windows and macOS

[Inkscape](https://inkscape.org/?ref=itsfoss.com) is a quite popular open-source vector graphics editor used by many professionals. It provides flexible designing tools to help you create/manipulate beautiful artworks. It is technically a direct alternative to Adobe Illustrator – but it pulls off some tricks that can help you utilize this as a Photoshop alternative as well.

Similar to GIMP’s official resources, you can utilize [Inkscape’s tutorials](https://inkscape.org/learn/?ref=itsfoss.com) to make the most out of it.

## What’s the true Photoshop alternative in your opinion?

It’s tough to offer the exact same features that Adobe Photoshop provides. However, if you follow the official documentation and resources, you can do a lot of great stuff using the above-mentioned Photoshop alternatives.

Adobe has a range of graphics tools and we have [open source alternatives to entire Adobe Creative Suite](https://itsfoss.com/adobe-alternatives-linux/). You may check that out as well.

What do you think about the Photoshop alternatives that we mentioned here? Do you know about any better alternative that deserves the mention? Let us know about it in the comments below.