Debian 12 “Bookworm” 已经推出
Debian

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> Debian 的下一个重要版本已经发布。
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![Debian 12](/data/attachment/album/202306/13/085342twj8j8w9iixi8i8x.jpg)


虽然没有固定的时间表，但每隔约两年 Debian 就会推出一个新的稳定版升级。


Debian 11 发布于 2021 年，现在是 2023 年，我们迎来了下一个主要版本 Debian 12。


要注意的是，正如发布说明中所提到的，**Debian 12 发布时已知存在约 100 个错误**。因此，在升级或安装之前，你可能需要详细阅读此版本的发布说明。



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> ? 如果你不知道，每个 Debian 的稳定版本都可以得到 **至少三年的活动维护和支持**，此外，它也提供了 **两年的扩展 LTS** 支持作为商业服务。直到 **2028 年 6 月**，Debian 12 都将得到支持。你有一年的时间从 Debian 11 升级。
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### Debian 12 有哪些新功能？


对于重大版本升级，肯定会更新一些软件包，而过时或老旧的软件会被删除。


与我们在 [Debian 12 功能列表](/article-15776-1.html) 中提到的类似，包括了以下增强功能：


* 更新的安装程序
* Linux 内核 6.1
* 默认启用 PipeWire 音频系统
* 全新壁纸


#### 安装程序升级


![Debian 12 installer](/data/attachment/album/202306/13/085415sc2soj9qsm6e2arw.png)


每个发行版都致力于改进新用户的安装体验，而 Debian 也不例外。


Debian 12 可以更好地处理非自由固件，这是可以提高新用户的入门体验的亮点之一。


此外，还有许多底层改进，包括硬件兼容性升级。


#### Linux 内核 6.1


![Debian 12 neofetch](/data/attachment/album/202306/13/085416spoy54wsou45uiyz.png)


Debian 12 带有 [LTS 版本的 Linux 内核 6.1](https://news.itsfoss.com/linux-kernel-6-1-is-now-an-lts-version/)。


该内核包含 Rust 的实验性支持、AMD 硬件优化和改进的 ARM 支持。


#### 桌面环境和软件升级


Debian 12 默认预装了 [GNOME 43](https://news.itsfoss.com/gnome-43-release/)、[KDE Plasma 5.27](https://news.itsfoss.com/kde-plasma-5-27-release/)、LXDE 11、LXQt 1.2.0、MATE 1.26 和 [XFCE 4.18](https://news.itsfoss.com/xfce-4-18-release/)。新的桌面环境版本应该会提升桌面体验，还有必要的应用程序更新，包括：


* GIMP 2.10.34
* Perl 5.36
* [Vim 9.0](https://news.itsfoss.com/vim-9-0-release/)
* OpenJDK 17


![Debian 12 新壁纸](/data/attachment/album/202306/13/085416ec0opv343s73ioj0.png)


不要忘了还有一张新的 [壁纸](https://wiki.debian.org/DebianArt/Themes/Emerald)，为所有那些神奇的软件更新增添了装饰。


### 其他变化


![](/data/attachment/album/202306/13/085417gs5vg2gs8dg88nav.png)


如果你需要了解完整的技术细节和升级信息，可以查看 [发行说明](https://www.debian.org:443/releases/bookworm/amd64/release-notes/) 或 [官方公告](https://www.debian.org:443/News/2023/20230610)。这里列出了一些重要的更新亮点：


* 默认启用 PipeWire 音频服务器
* 基于 Go 的软件包支持限制安全
* 删除了超过 9,519 个过时/陈旧的软件包
* Debian 12 现在可以检测到双引导系统中的 Windows 11。
* 已经重新引入了 ARM64 上的 Secure Boot 支持。



> 
> **[下载 Debian 12](https://www.debian.org:443/distrib/)**
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> 


Debian 12 是一个不错的升级版本，但请注意 [某些问题](https://www.debian.org:443/releases/bookworm/amd64/release-notes/ch-information.en.html#systemd-resolved)。你已经升级了吗？请让我知道你的想法。




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via: <https://news.itsfoss.com/debian-12-release/>


作者：[Ankush Das](https://news.itsfoss.com/author/ankush/) 选题：[lkxed](https://github.com/lkxed/) 译者：ChatGPT 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出


OK
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While there is no fixed schedule, a new stable Debian upgrade appears every two years or so.

Debian 11 was released in 2021, and now in 2023, we have the next major version bump, i.e.,** Debian 12**.

Interestingly, **Debian 12 has been released with about 100 known bugs**, as mentioned in the release notes. So, you might want to explore the release details before upgrading or installing it.

**at least three years.**And it offers a

**two-year extended LTS**support as a commercial offering.

Debian 12 will be supported until

**June 2028**. You have one year to upgrade from Debian 11.

## What's New in Debian 12?

![debian 12](https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/Debian-desktop-overview-mode.png)

Of course, with a major upgrade, you can expect package updates and obsolete/old software removed.

Similar to what we mentioned in our [Debian 12 feature list](https://news.itsfoss.com/debian-12-features/), the following enhancements are included:

**Updated Installer****Linux Kernel 6.1****PipeWire by default****New wallpaper**

**Suggested Read **📖

[Debian 12 ‘Bookworm’ New Features and Release DateDebian 12 is due for release soon. Learn more about its features and the release date.](https://news.itsfoss.com/debian-12-features/)![](https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/debian-12-new-features.png)


![](https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/04/debian-12-new-features.png)

### Installer Upgrades

![debian 12 installer](https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/Debian_12_F_2.png)

Every distro focuses on improving the installation experience for new users. And it was time Debian stepped up.

The better handling of non-free firmware on Debian 12 is one of the highlights that should improve the onboarding experience.

In addition, there are many under-the-hood improvements including hardware compatibility upgrades.

### Linux Kernel 6.1

![debian 12 neofetch](https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/neofetch.png)

Debian 12 features [Linux Kernel 6.1](https://news.itsfoss.com/linux-kernel-6-1-is-now-an-lts-version/), which is an LTS version.

The kernel comes baked in with Rust's experimental support, AMD hardware optimizations, and improved ARM support.

### Desktop Environment & Software Upgrades

Debian 12 ships with [GNOME 43](https://news.itsfoss.com/gnome-43-release/), [KDE Plasma 5.27](https://news.itsfoss.com/kde-plasma-5-27-release/), LXDE 11, LXQt 1.2.0, MATE 1.26, and [XFCE 4.18](https://news.itsfoss.com/xfce-4-18-release/).

The new desktop environment versions should improve the desktop experience along with the essential application updates that include:

- GIMP 2.10.34
- Perl 5.36
[Vim 9.0](https://news.itsfoss.com/vim-9-0-release/)- OpenJDK 17

![debian 12 wallpaper new](https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/desktop-debian-12.png)

Not to forget, you get a new wallpaper with all the magical software updates.

## Other Changes

![](https://news.itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/pipewire.png)

While you can go through the [release notes](https://www.debian.org/releases/bookworm/amd64/release-notes/?ref=news.itsfoss.com) or the [announcement post](https://www.debian.org/News/2023/20230610?ref=news.itsfoss.com) for full technical details and upgrade information, some important highlights include:

- Pipewire audio server by default
- Go-based packages have limited security support.
- Over 9519 packages were removed because they were old/obsolete.
- Debian 12 can now detect Windows 11 in a dual-boot setup.
- Support for Secure Boot on ARM64 has been reintroduced.

*Debian 12 is a nice upgrade with some issues to be aware of. Have you upgraded already? Let me know your thoughts on the same.*

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