TIOBE 编程社区指数 20 年
TIOBE 编程 榜单
![](/data/attachment/album/202107/07/094722qzde8z6p55slb6sd.jpg)


2021 年 7 月版的 [TIOBE 编程社区指数](https://www.tiobe.com/tiobe-index/)已经出来了，榜单前几名有点拥挤。


该指数首次发布于 2001 年 7 月，当时 TIOBE 首席执行官 Paul Jansen 开始了“一个个人爱好项目，想看看哪些语言有需求”。从那时起，确定一种语言的受欢迎程度（也就是在该指数中的位置）的方法基本保持不变：通过计算列表中的热门搜索引擎的 “+<语言> programming” 的查询的点击率并将其标准化来计算评级。


2004 年，谷歌方式的改变使得 TIOBE 增加了更多的搜索引擎，以减少波动。然而，目前使用的大多数合格的引擎都属于谷歌家族，所以那里的变化仍然会影响整体结果。对该指数的批评往往归结为其意义不大，因为像新版本或临时问题这样的单一事件有可能大大改变排名的结果。


TIOBE 公司成立于 Eindhoven，主要以其 TICS 产品而闻名，这是一个测量软件代码质量的框架。它的名字是“The Importance Of Being Earnest”的缩写，意在反映该公司“真诚和专业的态度”（我们想，这也为奥斯卡•王尔德的鉴赏家提供了一点笑料）。


20 年前，TIOBE 指数的最高排名是由 Java、C 和 C++ 组成的。这与今天的情况没有太大区别，只是 Python 取代了 C++ 的位置，而且这三个顶级竞争者显然比以前更接近。


在连续 15 个月占据最高位置的 C 和排名第三的 Python 之间，这次的差距只有 0.67%。一年前，两者之间的差距约为 7.36%，因此 2020 年的年度语言似乎正处于一个清晰的轨道上。最新一期的 [PYPL 指数](https://pypl.github.io/PYPL.html)已经看到 Python 在那里牢牢占据榜首，它在过去五年中的受欢迎程度增长最快。同时，在 TIOBE 指数中排名第二的 Java 似乎正在继续失去地位。


Jansen [解释](https://www.tiobe.com/tiobe-index/)说 Python 的持续上升与“数据挖掘和人工智能领域的蓬勃发展”有关。然而，这不可能全部的原因，因为像 R、Matlab 和 Julia 这样的语言在该领域也很常见，目前在该榜单中略有回落，要么更多是停滞不前。拥有一个比较成熟的工具生态系统，包括像 NumPy、TensorFlow 和 PyTorch 这样的重量级工具，以及相对稳固的 IDE 支持，肯定有助于 Python 的排名攀升。


除了少数例外，前十名与去年的排名基本保持一致。R 从第 8 位下降到第 12 位，Swift 从第 10 位下降到第 16 位，为中坚力量 PHP 和 SQL 腾出了一点空间。


再往下看，前 30 名中还有一点有趣的变化，Go 从第 20 名爬升到 2 月份的第 13 名。


Rust 也有些许进步，从第 30 位跃升至第 27 位。除其他原因外，这可能是由于人们对 Rust for Linux 项目的兴趣越来越大，该项目旨在为 Linux 内核带来内存安全，并在[最近](https://www.memorysafety.org/blog/supporting-miguel-ojeda-rust-in-linux/)开始获得资金支持。




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via: <https://devclass.com/2021/07/05/20-years-of-tiobe-programming-community-index-go-gets-a-bounce/> 


作者： [Julia Schmidt](https://devclass.com/author/julia/) 选题：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) 译者：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](/article-13553-1.html) 荣誉推出


OK
![20 years of TIOBE Programming Community Index — Go gets a bounce 20 years of TIOBE Programming Community Index — Go gets a bounce](https://devclass.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/balloons-1869790_1920-768x510.jpg)

The July 2021 edition of the [TIOBE Programming Community Index](https://www.tiobe.com/tiobe-index/) is out, and things are a bit crowded at the top.

The Index was first published in July 2001, after TIOBE CEO Paul Jansen embarked on “a personal hobby project to see what languages were in demand”. The methodology to determine a language’s popularity — and therefore place on the index — has stayed pretty much the same since then: ratings are calculated by counting and normalising the hits for the query `+"<language> programming"` in a list of popular search engines.

A change in Google’s methods in 2004 led TIOBE to add more search engines to the mix to minimise fluctuations. However, most of the qualified engines currently used belong to the Google family, so a change there would still influence the overall outcome. Criticism of the Index often boils down to it not being very meaningful, since singular events like a new release or temporary problems can potentially change the outcome of the ranking significantly.

TIOBE, the company, was founded in Eindhoven, and is mostly known for its TICS product, a framework for measuring software code quality. Its name stands for “The Importance Of Being Earnest”, which is meant to reflect the company’s “sincere and professional attitude” (and provide Oscar Wilde connoisseurs with a bit of a chuckle, we suppose).

20 years ago, the top ranks of the TIOBE Index were populated by Java, C, and C++. This isn’t too different from the way things are today, except that Python has taken over C++’s position and the three top contenders are apparently closer than ever before.

Between C, which occupies the highest spot for the 15th straight month, and third-placed Python, there’s a difference of just 0.67 per cent this time. A year ago the gap was about 7.36 per cent between the two, so 2020’s language of the year seems to be on a clear trajectory towards the top. The latest edition of the [PYPL Index](https://pypl.github.io/PYPL.html) already sees Python settled there, ascribing it the most growth in popularity in the last five years. Meanwhile Java, the second on the TIOBE Index, appears to be continuing to lose ground.

Jansen [explains](https://www.tiobe.com/tiobe-index/) Python’s continuous rise with the “booming field of data mining and artificial intelligence”. This can’t be the whole story however, given that languages like R, Matlab, and Julia — which are also common in that area — are currently falling back down the list slightly or are stagnant at best. Having a somewhat established ecosystem of tools including heavyweights like NumPy, TensorFlow and PyTorch, as well as comparatively solid IDE support, surely helped Python climb up the ranks.

With few exceptions, the top 10 stayed pretty much the same since last year’s rankings. R dropped from #8 to #12, and Swift plunged from #10 to #16, making room for stalwarts PHP and SQL to shift a little.

Further down, the top 30 shows at least a bit of interesting movement, with [Go](https://devclass.com/2021/02/17/go-1_16_programming-language/) climbing back up from #20 to its February position of #13.

[Rust](https://devclass.com/2021/06/21/array-with-you-rust-1-53-lands-with-intoiterator-and-nested-or-allows-for-localised-code/) also got some tailwind and jumped from #30 to #27. Among other things, this might be down to growing interest in the Rust for Linux project, which is meant to bring memory safety to the Linux kernel and has started to receive financial support just [recently](https://www.memorysafety.org/blog/supporting-miguel-ojeda-rust-in-linux/).

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