树莓派使用入门：如何启动一个新的树莓派
树莓派

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> 在本系列文章的第三篇中，我们将教你开始使用树莓派，学习如何安装一个 Linux 操作系统。
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![](/data/attachment/album/201903/22/223117t0nh3qm0vhn9h3k0.png)


如果你按顺序看我们本系列的文章，那么你已经 [选择](/article-10611-1.html) 和 [购买](/article-10615-1.html) 了你的树莓派和外围设备，现在，你将要去使用它。在第三篇文章中，我们来看一下你需要做些什么才能让它启动起来。


与你的笔记本、台式机、智能手机、或平板电脑不一样的是，树莓派上并没有内置存储。而是需要使用一个 Micro SD 卡去存储操作系统和文件。这么做的最大好处就是携带你的文件比较方便（甚至都不用带着树莓派）。不利之处是存储卡丢失和损坏的风险可能很高，这将导致你的文件丢失。因此，只要保护好你的 Micro SD 卡就没什么问题了。


你应该也知道，SD 卡的读写速度比起机械硬件或固态硬盘要慢很多，因此，你的树莓派的启动、读取、和写入的速度将不如其它设备。


### 如何安装 Raspbian


你拿到新树莓派的第一件事情就是将它的操作系统安装到一个 Micro SD 卡上。尽管树莓派上可用的操作系统很多（基于 Linux 的或非基于 Linux 的都有），但本系列课程将专注于 [Raspbian](https://www.raspbian.org/RaspbianFAQ)，它是树莓派的官方 Linux 版本。


![](/data/attachment/album/201903/22/223121lqz7q5qpvz7bdkdl.png)


安装 Raspbian 的最简单的方式是使用 [NOOBS](https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/noobs/)，它是 “New Out Of Box Software” 的缩写。树莓派官方提供了非常详细的 [NOOBS 文档](https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/installation/noobs.md)，因此，我就不在这里重复这些安装指令了。


NOOBS 可以让你选择安装以下的这些操作系统：


* [Raspbian](https://www.raspbian.org/RaspbianFAQ)
* [LibreELEC](https://libreelec.tv/)
* [OSMC](https://osmc.tv/)
* [Recalbox](https://www.recalbox.com/)
* [Lakka](http://www.lakka.tv/)
* [RISC OS](https://www.riscosopen.org/wiki/documentation/show/Welcome%20to%20RISC%20OS%20Pi)
* [Screenly OSE](https://www.screenly.io/ose/)
* [Windows 10 IoT Core](https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/iot)
* [TLXOS](https://thinlinx.com/)


再强调一次，我们在本系列的课程中使用的是 Raspbian，因此，拿起你的 Micro SD 卡，然后按照 NOOBS 文档去安装 Raspbian 吧。在本系列的第四篇文章中，我们将带你去看看，如何使用 Linux，包括你需要掌握的一些主要的命令。




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via: <https://opensource.com/article/19/3/how-boot-new-raspberry-pi>


作者：[Anderson Silva](https://opensource.com/users/ansilva) 选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972) 译者：[qhwdw](https://github.com/qhwdw) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出


OK
If you've been following along in this series, you've [chosen](https://opensource.com/article/19/3/which-raspberry-pi-choose) and [bought](https://opensource.com/article/19/2/how-buy-raspberry-pi) your Raspberry Pi board and peripherals and now you're ready to start using it. Here, in the third article, let's look at what you need to do to boot it up.

Unlike your laptop, desktop, smartphone, or tablet, the Raspberry Pi doesn't come with built-in storage. Instead, it uses a Micro SD card to store the operating system and your files. The great thing about this is it gives you the flexibility to carry your files (even if you don't have your Raspberry Pi with you). The downside is it may also increase the risk of losing or damaging the card—and thus losing your files. Just protect your Micro SD card, and you should be fine.

You should also know that SD cards aren't as fast as mechanical or solid state drives, so booting, reading, and writing from your Pi will not be as speedy as you would expect from other devices.

## How to install Raspbian


The first thing you need to do when you get a new Raspberry Pi is to install its operating system on a Micro SD card. Even though there are other operating systems (both Linux- and non-Linux-based) available for the Raspberry Pi, this series focuses on [Raspbian](https://www.raspbian.org/RaspbianFAQ), Raspberry Pi's official Linux version.

![Raspian boot screen Raspian boot screen](https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/raspbian.png)

The easiest way to install Raspbian is with [NOOBS](https://www.raspberrypi.org/downloads/noobs/), which stands for "New Out Of Box Software." Raspberry Pi offers great [documentation for NOOBS](https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/installation/noobs.md), so I won't repeat the installation instructions here.

NOOBS gives you the choice of installing the following operating systems:

Again, Raspbian is the operating system we'll use in this series, so go ahead, grab your Micro SD and follow the NOOBS documentation to install it. I'll meet you in the fourth article in this series, where we'll look at how to use Linux, including some of the main commands you'll need to know.

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