用 GNOME Boxes 下载一个操作系统镜像
虚拟机 Boxes
![](/data/attachment/album/201810/25/164805hworcwv1opopf1fo.jpg)


Boxes 是 GNOME 上的虚拟机应用。最近 Boxes 添加了一个新的特性，使得它在运行不同的 Linux 发行版时更加容易。你现在可以在 Boxes 中自动安装那些发行版以及像 FreeBSD 和 FreeDOS 这样的操作系统，甚至还包括红帽企业 Linux。红帽开发者计划包括了一个[红帽企业版 Linux 的免费订阅](https://developers.redhat.com/blog/2016/03/31/no-cost-rhel-developer-subscription-now-available/)。 使用[红帽开发者](http://developers.redhat.com)帐户，Boxes 可以自动设置一个名为 Developer Suite 订阅的 RHEL 虚拟机。 下面是它的工作原理。


### 红帽企业版 Linux


要创建一个红帽企业版 Linux 的虚拟机，启动 Boxes，点击“新建”。从源选择列表中选择“下载一个镜像”。在顶部，点击“红帽企业版 Linux”。这将会打开网址为 [developers.redhat.com](http://developers.redhat.com) 的一个 Web 表单。使用已有的红帽开发者账号登录，或是新建一个。


![](/data/attachment/album/201810/25/164806ax9crr1tk2209tx9.png)


如果这是一个新帐号，Boxes 在继续之前需要一些额外的信息。这一步需要在账户中开启开发者订阅。还要确保 [接受条款和条件](https://www.redhat.com/wapps/tnc/termsack?event%5B%5D=signIn)，这样可以在之后的注册中节省一步。


![](/data/attachment/album/201810/25/164807e0jqboi4m85bge5s.png)


点击“提交”，然后就会开始下载安装磁盘镜像。下载需要的时间取决于你的网络状况。在这期间你可以去喝杯茶或者咖啡歇息一下。


![](/data/attachment/album/201810/25/164807qmbqbvt4cbkdsv44.png)


等介质下载完成（一般位于 `~/Downloads` ），Boxes 会有一个“快速安装”的显示。填入账号和密码然后点击“继续”，当你确认了虚拟机的信息之后点击“创建”。“快速安装”会自动完成接下来的整个安装！（现在你可以去享受你的第二杯茶或者咖啡了）


![](/data/attachment/album/201810/25/164808qzo585s13yo7f95e.png)


![](/data/attachment/album/201810/25/164809jn5nznnpak13z44i.png)


![](/data/attachment/album/201810/25/164811iwttk4kqks9a9aka.png)


等到安装结束，虚拟机会直接重启并登录到桌面。在虚拟机里，在应用菜单的“系统工具”一栏启动“红帽订阅管理”。这一步需要输入 root 密码。


![](/data/attachment/album/201810/25/164812ue79hs9qcww9zefr.png)


单击“注册”按钮，然后按照注册助手中的步骤操作。 出现提示时，使用你的红帽开发者帐户登录。


![](/data/attachment/album/201810/25/164813gzp4ptnju5hc48nx.png)


![](/data/attachment/album/201810/25/164814zozskb8zb40qaa0q.png)


现在你可以通过任何一种更新方法，像是 `yum` 或是 GNOME Software 进行下载和更新了。


![](/data/attachment/album/201810/25/164817mi7mybuulmm9cczi.png)


### FreeDOS 或是其他


Boxes 可以安装很多操作系统，而不仅仅只是红帽企业版。 作为 KVM 和 qemu 的前端，Boxes 支持各种操作系统。使用 [libosinfo](https://libosinfo.org)，Boxes 可以自动下载（在某些情况下安装）相当多不同操作系统。


![](/data/attachment/album/201810/25/164818r098azdx8zix91d8.png)


要从列表中安装一个操作系统，只需选择并完成创建一个新的虚拟机。一些操作系统，比如 FreeDOS，并不支持快速安装。这些操作系统需要虚拟机从安装介质中引导。之后你可以手动安装。


![](/data/attachment/album/201810/25/164818jxe9d2ann7xkbaes.png)


![](/data/attachment/album/201810/25/164819oyb2dbsmsgyktbmt.png)


### Boxes 上流行的操作系统


这里仅仅是一些目前在它上面比较受欢迎的选择。


![](/data/attachment/album/201810/25/164820wp35nffma66fana3.png)


![](/data/attachment/album/201810/25/164821kio71h7uncolu1c1.png)


![](/data/attachment/album/201810/25/164823u77q77qceuwuzrai.png)


![](/data/attachment/album/201810/25/164824hfvefv33f857fefh.png)


![](/data/attachment/album/201810/25/164826zd1d05poj4vlhcdd.png)


![](/data/attachment/album/201810/25/164827pww8wy97wwysm28m.png)


Fedora 会定期更新它的操作系统信息数据库（osinfo-db）。确保你会经常检查是否有新的操作系统选项。




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via: <https://fedoramagazine.org/download-os-gnome-boxes/>


作者：[Link Dupont](https://fedoramagazine.org/author/linkdupont/) 选题：[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972) 译者：[dianbanjiu](https://github.com/dianbanjiu) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)


本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出


OK
Boxes is the GNOME application for running virtual machines. Recently Boxes added a new feature that makes it easier to run different Linux distributions. You can now automatically install these distros in Boxes, as well as operating systems like FreeBSD and FreeDOS. The list even includes Red Hat Enterprise Linux. The Red Hat Developer Program includes a [no-cost subscription to Red Hat Enterprise Linux](https://developers.redhat.com/blog/2016/03/31/no-cost-rhel-developer-subscription-now-available/). With a [Red Hat Developer](http://developers.redhat.com) account, Boxes can automatically set up a RHEL virtual machine entitled to the Developer Suite subscription. Here’s how it works.


## Red Hat Enterprise Linux

To create a Red Hat Enterprise Linux virtual machine, launch *Boxes* and click *New*. Select *Download an OS* from the source selection list. At the top, pick *Red Hat Enterprise Linux.* This opens a web form at [developers.redhat.com](http://developers.redhat.com). Sign in with an existing Red Hat Developer Account, or create a new one.

If this is a new account, Boxes requires some additional information before continuing. This step is required to enable the Developer Subscription on the account. Be sure to [accept the Terms & Conditions](https://www.redhat.com/wapps/tnc/termsack?event[]=signIn) now too. This saves a step later during registration.


Click *Submit* and the installation disk image starts to download. The download can take a while, depending on your Internet connection. This is a great time to go fix a cup of tea or coffee!

Once the media has downloaded (conveniently to *~/Downloads*), Boxes offers to perform an *Express Install*. Fill in the account and password information and click *Continue*. Click *Create* after you verify the virtual machine details. The *Express Install* automatically performs the entire installation! (Now is a great time to enjoy a second cup of tea or coffee, if so inclined.)

Once the installation is done, the virtual machine reboots and logs directly into the desktop. Inside the virtual machine, launch the *Red Hat Subscription Manager* via the *Applications* menu, under *System Tools*. Enter the root password to launch the utility.

Click the *Register* button and follow the steps through the registration assistant. Log in with your Red Hat Developers account when prompted.

Now you can download and install updates through any normal update method, such as *yum* or *GNOME Software*.

## FreeDOS anyone?

Boxes can install a lot more than just Red Hat Enterprise Linux, too. As a front end to KVM and *qemu*, Boxes supports a wide variety of operating systems. Using [libosinfo](https://libosinfo.org), Boxes can automatically download (and in some cases, install) quite a few different ones.

To install an OS from the list, select it and finish creating the new virtual machine. Some OSes, like FreeDOS, do not support an *Express Install. *In those cases the virtual machine boots from the installation media. You can then manually install.

## Popular operating systems on Boxes

These are just a few of the popular choices available in Boxes today.

![](https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Screenshot-from-2018-05-25-16-55-20-1024x815.png)

Ubuntu 17.10

![](https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Screenshot-from-2018-05-25-16-28-28-1024x815.png)

Pop!_OS 17.10

![](https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Screenshot-from-2018-05-25-16-11-43-1024x815.png)

EndlessOS 3

![](https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Screenshot-from-2018-05-25-16-58-09-1024x815.png)

Fedora 28

![](https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Screenshot-from-2018-05-25-17-46-38-1024x815.png)

openSUSE Tumbleweed

![](https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Screenshot-from-2018-05-25-18-34-11-1024x815.png)

Debian 9

Fedora updates its *osinfo-db* package regularly. Be sure to check back frequently for new OS options.

## Shelmed

First it was floppies then it was CDs, then DVDs then USBs and now it’s Gnome Boxes for me!…..Works a treat – ideal for the distro junkie 😉

## Udai Bhan Kashyap

Is there a limit on number of USB devices that can be shared with Guest OS?

I have usb keyboard and mouse and when I enable my usb webcam for the guest host, it looses the mouse.

## Udai Bhan Kashyap

Is there a limit on number of usb devices which can be shared with guest OS?

I am running RedHat 7.5 as host OS and windows 10 as guest OS.

I have usb mouse and keyboard and when I enable usb webcam , the windows 10 loosed mouse.

## Mat Selmeci

Under “Available to Download”, I only see “Red Hat Enterprise Linux”, “Enter URL”, and “Import 3 boxes from system broker” (which imports some Vagrant VMs I made a while back). How can I find images for the other OSs mentioned on this page?

Here are my versions of osinfo:

osinfo-db-tools-1.1.0-4.fc27.x86_64

libosinfo-1.1.0-1.fc27.x86_64

osinfo-db-20180514-1.fc27.noarch

## Paul W. Frields

@Mat: I think there’s a newer version of Boxes in Fedora 28. Try that.

## Wun Dei

I cant complain, however it’d be cool if it supported other OS’s a la Virtualbox e.g. fortran, Opensolaris, FreeBSD, and well, if last but not least, Mac and Windows. Perhaps one day x86 and Virtualbox will be unnecessary, all running on ARM?

## OppaErich

Hmm,

I tried making a FreeDOS one. Clicked new, chose the iso, booted, ran fdisk and rebooted. – “Running box FreeDOS was deleted”.

WTH ? Just one shot allowed ?