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Tag Archives: cowboy
Jodie Whittaker feels at home in the shed that is as cluttered as the TARDIS.
(2016) Dramedy (Screen Media) Jodie Whittaker, Lorraine Ashbourne, Brett Goldstein, Rachel Deering, Eileen Davies, Alice Lowe, Edward Hogg, Ozzy Myers, David Anderson, Andrew Buckley, Christian Contreras, Alfie Wheeler. Directed by Rachel Tunnard
In 2018, British actress Jodie Whittaker made history becoming the first female Doctor in the beloved sci-fi series Doctor Who. Before that, she was largely unknown other than appearances on the British TV show Broadchurch and the independent sci-fi flick Attack the Block. She also did indie films like this one which opened in the UK two years ago.
Anna (Whittaker) is days away from her 30th birthday and she's stuck in a garden shed. Not literally; she's been using it as a studio for her short films of her thumbs made up as astronauts on a doomed space trip in which they are crashing into the sun. Life must feel a lot like that to Anna; she used to make little videos with her twin brother Billy (Hogg) until he passed away unexpectedly. She essentially lives in the shed which sits on her mother's property in West Yorkshire. Occasionally, she forgets to bring in clean clothes with her and so has to make a mad dash to the house half-naked to get some.
This has been her living arrangement for some 18 months since her brother died and her mum (Ashbourne) is sick of it. She desperately wants her remaining daughter to move on and start living her life again. Anna's grandmother (Davies) is a little less frantic about it than her daughter who seems bound and determined to make matters worse but still she knows her granddaughter needs to make changes, although the grandmother thinks a good shagging is all Anna needs.
Brendan (Goldstein), a work colleague (Anna works at an outdoor activities center part time) would dearly love to supply Anna with just that but Anna has decided in her head that Brendan is gay. Brendan is not but he is a realtor who is enlisted by Anna's mum to find a cheap flat for her daughter which turns out to be a disaster; most of the properties that Anna can afford are absolutely hideous.
When Anna's best friend Fiona (Deering) returns from travelling, she also tries to kickstart Anna's life with some success but things really start to change when she meets Clint (Myers), a young cowboy-obsessed boy who is just as quirky as Anna who is undergoing a similar trauma to the one that Anna suffered and the two begin to identify with each other but Anna is an expert at pushing people away. Will she ever find her way back to the land of the living?
The film not only serves as a treatise on grief but also as a paean to the deliberately weird. Nearly all the characters here are off-kilter in one way or another not unlike certain American indie films that star Greta Gerwig. Like those films, sometimes the quirkiness wears on the viewer and becomes almost forced but the good news is that it does only to a lesser extent. However, the thick Yorkshire accents used by the character can be incomprehensible at times; home viewers should definitely watch this with subtitles turned on. The dialogue though when you can understand it is actually quite clever; lines like one in which Fiona, exiting a pub, exclaims "It's like The Wicker Man in there" can be quite brilliant.
A lot of Whovians are going to want to see this because of Whittaker and to be honest her performance is worth seeing whether you're a fan of the series or not. It's a very different role and some of her fans from the venerable BBC sci-fi show may not be able to accept her in a role like this. Anna is far from the self-assured and brilliant Doctor; she is a woman-child coping with an overwhelming tragedy and not always doing it well. In the hands of a lesser talent viewers might just shut down watching Anna make terrible choices and do things that are weird in an eye-rolling sense but Whittaker's charm carries the day. Like other actors who have taken on the role of the Timelord, she has enough screen presence to continue with a career that transcends the TARDIS; I wouldn't be surprised if she eventually gets lead roles in franchise films or maybe even some Oscar bait films. She's truly an incredibly versatile talent.
Like a lot of British films, the soundtrack is absolutely brilliant. The supporting cast is solid and the production design gives the film a cluttered but lived in tone. At the end of the day my recommendation is going to depend on your ability to tolerate quirkiness; those with low tolerances should probably skip this one but those who don't mind a little off-beat with their independent cinema may well find this delightful.
REASONS TO GO: The film is blessed with a terrific soundtrack. Whittaker is sublime in a very different role.
REASONS TO STAY: The film rapidly goes from quirky to annoying. The dialogue is occasionally incomprehensible.
FAMILY VALUES: There is a fair amount of profanity as well as one sexual scene. There are also some fairly adult themes.
TRIVIAL PURSUIT: The feature film is based on a 2014 short that also starred Whittaker.
BEYOND THE THEATERS: Amazon, iTunes, Vudu
COMPARISON SHOPPING: Rabbit Hole
NEXT: Burning
Posted in New Releases, VOD Review | Tagged Adult Life Skills, bicycle, Brett Goldstein, British cinema, Broadchurch, cinema, Cinema365, cowboy, Doctor Who, dramedy, Eileen Davies, eviction, Films, garden shed, grief, hairdresser, Jodie Whittaker, Lorraine Ashbourne, movies, moving on, outdoor activities center, quirks, realtor, reviews, Screen Media, thumbs, twin brother, videos, West Yorkshire | Leave a reply
Country: Portraits of an American Sound
Dolly Parton: Country cool, American icon.
(2015) Documentary (Arclight) Marty Stuart, Connie Smith, Lyle Lovett, Waylon Jennings, Roy Clark, Henry Diltz, Sandi Spika Burchetta, Charley Pride, Brenda Lee, Tanya Tucker, Keith Urban, LeAnn Rimes, Lorrie Morgan, Rosanne Cash, Ronnie Milsap, Garth Brooks, Kenny Rogers, Holly Williams, Jim Halsey, Raeann Rubenstein, Larry Gatlin, Dr. Diane Pecknold. Directed by Steven Kochones
Country music, whether or not you are a fan of it, has to be considered America's soundtrack. Sure, rock and roll is just as American an invention but whereas rock became more of a world music, country has remained an essentially American sound. It is the music of rural America, the music of the working man (and woman) and one which has always held American values close to its beating heart.
Throughout its history, country music has been not only a music but a style and photographs have helped to not only capture that style but export it. There have been eras when country performers wore dazzling rhinestone-studded costumes onstage; other eras they have been dressed in their Sunday best and then there have been times when their attire of choice has been that of the cowboy – or the working farmer. There have even been times when country stars wore the latest fashions.
All of it has been captured by some of the great photographers of their era. Names like Henry Diltz, Les Leverett, Raeann Rubenstein, Leigh Weiner, Henry Horenstein and Michael Wilson have captured country's biggest and shiniest stars in their lens. Through those lens, they didn't just capture moments on stage, or posed publicity stills (although they did that too), but they captured the essence of who these artists were (and are). Through these pictures, we got to know the faces behind the voices and in a sense, got to know them as living, breathing people and not just talented musicians and singers.
Through the auspices of the Annenberg Space for Photography (a Los Angeles-based museum for the pictorial art and an offshoot of the Annenberg Foundation, a charitable institution that supports the arts) comes this documentary gathering some of not only the most iconic photographs in the history of country music but also a variety of images that help illustrate the rich history of country as well as its ongoing contribution to American culture.
Veteran documentarian Kochones (who founded Arclight, a distributor of terrific documentaries as well as some non-fiction films) has a wealth of material to draw from but that is very much a double edged sword; the hour and a half running time is not nearly enough. It isn't often that I see a film in which I wish it was longer but that is the case here. The material could easily have filled a mini-series and maybe it should have. One of the biggest drawbacks to this particular film is that it feels rushed. While some of the stars and subjects get an adequate treatment, others feel almost glossed over. Perhaps a mini-series would have given the filmmakers time and space to give all of the subjects the attention they deserved.
Although there are a galaxy of country stars interviewed here it is the photographs that are justifiably the real center of attention. Some of them are amazing, like Johnny Clash flipping a very intense bird at the camera, a fresh-faced young Dolly Parton at the beginning of her career (and there's a star I wish they had spent time interviewing) and the Carter Family looking stiff and formal like Civil War-era photographs taken sixty years later.
Lyle Lovett talks eloquently about country music being less about songs than about stories and so it is with the stars who sing those songs. They all are stories in their own right with their own personalities and their own experiences. They bring those to each and every song that they sing. The machinery of the business can sometimes in its zeal to manufacture an image forget that the stories that got these talents to their attention are what attract the fans the most; perhaps that's a bit naïve on my part but I think that it's true. Image is important in ANY musical genre of course – it's a kind of shorthand that invites the listener in and allows them to be captured by the music – but it's not the be-all and end-all. These images however not only define those stars but in many ways allow those stars to be themselves for all to see.
This is definitely going to appeal to all true fans of country music, although they might not be satisfied with the snippets of songs that are played, but even non-fans will find this very educational. I am more an admirer of country than a lover of it – like rap music, it doesn't speak to me as much as rock and roll does – but even someone who isn't a true believer such as myself can respect the relationship the stars have with their fans and at the hard work and talent displayed not only by the musicians but by the photographers who created the images that helped establish them as stars.
REASONS TO GO: The presentation is high quality. The images depicted here are an absolute treasure that will delight fans young and old of the genre.
REASONS TO STAY: The film feels a bit rushed; it might have been better served as a mini-series.
FAMILY VALUES: There is some mild profanity.
TRIVIAL PURSUIT: Since 1974 the Grand Ole Opry has been performed in the Grand Ole Opry House; previous to that it was held at the Ryman Auditorium; during the winter months the Opry returns to the Ryman for three months November through January.
BEYOND THE THEATERS: Amazon, Google Play, iTunes, Vimeo, Vudu, YouTube
CRITICAL MASS: As of 2/22/17: Rotten Tomatoes: No score yet. Metacritic: No score yet.
COMPARISON SHOPPING: Billy Mize and the Bakersfield Sound
NEXT: Gold
Posted in VOD Review | Tagged album covers, American culture, Arclight Films, backstage, Brenda Lee, Charley Pride, cinema, Cinema365, Connie Smith, country music, cowboy, Documentary, Dolly Parton, Films, Garth Brooks, Grand Ole Opry, Hee Haw, Henry Diltz, hillbilly, Holly Williams, image, Keith Urban, Kenny Rogers, Larry Gatlin, leAnn Rimes, Lorrie Morgan, Lyle Lovett, Marty Stuart, movies, photography, Ronnie Milsap, Rosanne Cash, Roy Clark, singing cowboy, Tanya Tucker, urban cowboy, VOD Reviews, Waylon Jennings | Leave a reply
Taking aim on controversy.
(2014) True Life Drama (Warner Brothers) Bradley Cooper, Sienna Miller, Kyle Gallner, Luke Grimes, Keir O'Donnell, Sammy Sheik, Leonard Roberts, Cory Hardrict, Eric Ladin, James Ryen, Jake McDorman, Eric Aude, Navid Nagahban, Mido Hamada, Kathe Mazur, Sam Jaeger, Chance Kelly, Elise Robertson, Ben Reed, Marnette Patterson. Directed by Clint Eastwood
As we deal with the aftermath of our country's adventures in Afghanistan and Iraq as it seems we are preparing to do battle with ISIS, it behooves us to seek out the aftermath of those who fought those wars. War is never easy on those who fight it, regardless of the reasons they have for leaving their homes and their families and going off to some godforsaken place to kill other human beings. We often take that part of our armed forces for granted.
Chris Kyle (Cooper), a proud Texan and would-be cowboy, goes because he feels that after 9-11, it is his duty to protect a country that he loves. He leaves behind a wife Taya (Miller), a strong woman of no uncertain opinions who eventually falls for the burly Texan despite having exceedingly low expectations when first they met. He joins the Navy SEALs mainly because he believes them to be the toughest SOBs in the military.
Kyle proves to be a gifted sharpshooter who is perfect for sniper duty. His first action requires him to make an agonizing decision when it seems that a young boy is getting ready to hurl an explosive at an American convoy in full sight of his mother, who handed him the device. He waits until the last possible second, before it becomes apparent that his intentions are to blow up the convoy; then Kyle shoots him dead, and then his mother for good measure when it appears she's going to finish the job her son was unable to. Far from being a moment of triumph, it deeply affects the young SEAL deeply. When he sees a terrorist (Hamada) put a drill through the head of a child while his parents watch, he decries the Iraqis as savages and it's hard not to argue with him.
Kyle goes through four tours, and each time he returns home as Taya puts it, he's not really there. He's nervous, jumpy, living very much inside his head while Taya tries desperately to reach him, to get her husband back. By now Kyle is also a dad, and while he goes through the motions of being a father and assures VA psychotherapists as well as his immediate family that everything is fine, everything clearly is not. He only seems to be whole in country.
As he piles up the confirmed kills, he gets the nickname of Legend which at first makes him uncomfortable but eventually he grows to accept. It is a mark of the respect in which his peers hold him as he becomes the most lethal sniper in U.S. military history, for all the lives of American military men he saves with his unerring aim and precise shots. There is however a counterpart within the ranks of the enemy, one known as Mustafa (Sheik) who is in many ways a mirror image of Kyle – a family man, one obsessed by his work and absolutely deadly. Somehow Kyle needs to survive his tours and come back to his wife and family – a whole man.
Clint Eastwood has become over the years a great American film director and although he has had his share of missteps (cough Jersey Boys cough cough) his consistency has been as good as any. In a lot of ways this is going to be counted as one of his best works ever, although it is steeped in controversy more because of the subject matter than anything else.
There are those who have decried the film because in their minds it glorifies an individual who shouldn't be glorified. Many have pointed out that the real Kyle, on whose autobiography this is based, consistently identified Muslims as savages (which he does in the film on one occasion) and has been labeled a racist because of it. He has also been taken to task for exaggerations or making up incidents out of whole cloth.
These are two separate issues and on the first, I can only say that it was common for veterans of war to dehumanize those they fought against. It is one way for the psyche to cope with having to kill other human beings. If they aren't human, if they're savages, it makes it easier to justify what you're doing. Thinking that way may not necessarily be politically correct but it's at least understandable.
The other can also be looked upon as something of a Texas thing. Now, making up a story in which former governor and ex-Navy SEAL himself Jesse Ventura was rude and insulting to fellow SEALs who were mourning a friend and getting clocked by Kyle is wrong and Ventura – who has been excoriated for doing so – has every right to defend his reputation, even if it means suing the widow of the man responsible because she is after all profiting from the story in a matter of speaking, since the story is a part of his best-selling book. While I give veterans a good deal of leeway in their behaviors, they are nonetheless responsible for their actions when they return home and are liable for the consequences of those actions.
That said, I don't think this film glorifies war at all or this one in particular – at one point, at a soldier's funeral, an unidentified woman who I assume is the soldier's mother reads a handwritten eulogy condemning the war – but rather tries to give us insight into those who fought it. For me, the most compelling material is when Kyle is home, struggling to be home and be present with his family. It takes a good deal of time for him to finally want to be home, to finally let go of his feeling of duty and to get past his need to be a hero which the real Kyle was often accused of and Eastwood seems to agree was part of the man's psychological make-up.
Cooper, who added 40 pounds for the role, really inhabits the role of Kyle, who actually resembled the late wrestler Chris Benoit in reality. It's a mesmerizing performance certainly worthy of the Oscar nomination he received. Cooper's Kyle moves from a fairly normal aw-shucks cowboy to a heroic sniper in the field to a terse, uncommunicative stone wall of a man at home. It's a brilliant performance that shouldn't be missed.
Sienna Cooper's performance as Taya is also flawless. It's so good I wish the script and Eastwood would have devoted more time to her; at times she almost becomes one-dimensional because she's trying to convince her husband to leave the war behind and be home. How she kept her family together, how she weathered those times when he was home and not with her (it must have been heartbreaking) would have added more nuance to the film overall. I'd have gladly sacrificed some of the battle sequences of Kyle in country for that.
About those battle sequences; they can be pretty intense and for those who might be sensitive to such things, you should be forewarned that there are scenes that are quite disturbing. However, the rest of us will find them, as I did, absolutely mesmerizing and keep you on the edge of your seat, as I was.
I don't know why we need our heroes to be absolutely perfect. Nobody is, and Chris Kyle certainly wasn't. I don't know that I agree with all of his views or approve of some of the things he said. That doesn't mean he wasn't a great soldier, an expert marksman or a hero for saving the lives of hundreds and perhaps thousands of American troops. I do believe that for most people, how you feel about the war will color your perceptions of this film. The conservative right are hailing the movie as a masterpiece (which it isn't – Unforgiven was far better) while the progressive left are decrying it as propaganda which it also isn't. What it is when you get right down to it is a terrific movie about war itself, about surviving it not only physically but emotionally and mentally as well, and how hard it can be to come home when the tour of duty ends.
REASONS TO GO: Cooper is brilliant. Realistic and often heart-stopping battle sequences. Admirably allows viewers to make their own minds up.
REASONS TO STAY: Occasionally too intense for the sensitive. I would have liked to have gotten a little deeper into the mind of Taya.
FAMILY VALUES: Much gunfire and war violence, some of it quite disturbing. There's also plenty of colorful language with some sexual references involved.
TRIVIAL PURSUIT: The real Chris Kyle and the real Marcus Luttrell of Lone Survivor fame actually met in SEAL school and became close friends which they remained for the rest of Kyle's life.
COMPARISON SHOPPING: Stop-Loss
NEXT: A Most Violent Year
Posted in New Releases | Tagged 2015 Academy Award nominee, 9-11, American Sniper, bar, biographical drama, Bradley Cooper, cinema, Clint Eastwood, convoy, cowboy, Films, heroism, Iraq, Iraq war, Kyle Gallner, Luke Grimes, movies, Navy SEAL, reviews, Sammy Sheik, sharpshooter, Sienna Miller, sniper, Texas, true-life drama, U.S. navy, VA, Veterans Administration, war, Warner Brothers | Leave a reply
Tobey Maguire is dismayed that he has no web to swing from.
(2003) Biographical Drama (Universal) Jeff Bridges, Tobey Maguire, Chris Cooper, Elizabeth Banks, William H. Macy, Michael Angarano, Ed Lauter, Gianni Russo, Sam Bottoms, Dyllan Christopher, Gary Stevens, Royce D. Applegate, Valerie Mahaffey, Michael O'Neill, Annie Corley, David McCullough (voice), Michelle Arthur. Directed by Gary Ross
There are true stories and then there is the truth. Hollywood has a habit of obscuring one for the other. I say this because upon first glance at this movie, one is going to believe that some of the men who are front and center in Seabiscuit were saints, or at least close to it. Be aware as you watch this, that it is more or less an idealized version of the true story that surrounded one of the most legendary racehorses of our time and don't let that fact get in the way of a truly wonderful movie.
The Great Depression hit some men harder than others. For automobile dealer Charles Howard (Bridges), a car accident that took the life of his 15-year-old son was a forceful reminder that the sunny days of the '20s were over. Although Howard was able to retain much of his fortune, he found himself searching to fill the empty void in his life, one that cost him his first wife (Mahaffey) although he would later find the spirited Marcela (Banks) while on a trip to Mexico.
For Tom Smith (Cooper), the end of a lifestyle that he loved and an era in American history came hand-in-hand. One of the last of the true range-riding cowboys, Smith found himself in an increasingly mechanized age where the once endless prairies had vanished into subdivisions, towns and fenced-off ranches. A man who had forgotten more about horses than most of the rest of the country combined actually knew, he found it difficult to find a good job utilizing the skills and knowledge he had accumulated over years in the saddle. Adjusting to the 20th century was proving difficult to a man who was born 50 years too late.
Red Pollard (McGuire) had gone through life fighting his way uphill for everything he had, literally. Forced into a foster home after financial difficulties had beset his family, he had a massive chip on his shoulder for most of the rest of his life. He had tried his hand at prizefighting, but wound up beaten, bloody and more often than not, alone. An excellent rider, he was considered to be too big to be a jockey and there were otherwise precious few jobs that involved riding horses.
These three men were united by an unlikely horse named Seabiscuit. Small, ungraceful and none too fast, Seabiscuit's career on the racetrack had been less than spectacular. But then Howard bought the horse and hired Smith to train him, and Pollard to ride him. And it is this particular confluence of people, time and events that would create magic – and sports history.
At first, Seabiscuit was met with a certain amount of apathy. But as he began to win, the canny publicity hound Howard began to market his horse like no other sports figure in the country (except for maybe Babe Ruth). The right sort of people began to get behind the underdog horse, such as radio reporter Tick Tock McLaughlin (Macy). And Seabiscuit continued to win and win and win.
Off in the distance, coming from the east, War Admiral — thought of as the Perfect Racehorse — had won racing's coveted Triple Crown. The snobbish Eastern bankers who own War Admiral think at first the undersized horse from the West Coast is beneath their notice. Howard pushes in the press for a match race, leading to an epic confrontation that pitted the two greatest horses of all time, who happened to be at their peaks simultaneously.
Of course, Seabiscuit plays with the heartstrings – unashamedly and sometimes unnecessarily. The story of the great horse is great movie material; it had been done before – in an godawful 1949 tearjerker The Story of Seabiscuit starring Shirley Temple – but the horse with a heart bigger than a nation's pain deserved a much better biography and this is it. Bridges, Cooper and McGuire all handle their roles respectfully, trying not to succumb to the over-sentimentality of the script, and bringing the essence of the characters to life. They have a good chemistry together which is immensely important given that this is as much their story as Seabiscuit's.
Director Gary Ross wisely lets the visuals speak for themselves; the racing scenes are well-executed. Although the story is Hollywoodized somewhat, the facts are actually stuck fairly closely to, which is to be commended. They also do a great job of recreating the gait and style of the legendary Seabiscuit.
The movie is inspiring, if occasionally treacly. The story itself lends itself to a big stage, and Ross provides it for his fine cast. Getting past the sentiment can be tricky, but this is a story about perhaps the ultimate underdog and the movie has in ten short years become a sports movie classic.
WHY RENT THIS: Great underdog story. Excellent chemistry among the leads. Inspiring. Terrific racing sequences.
WHY RENT SOMETHING ELSE: Prone to over-sentimentality.
FAMILY MATTERS: There's a bit of sexuality and there is some violence within the context of the sport.
TRIVIAL PURSUITS: Sold 5.5 million DVD copies which at the time was a record for a drama.
NOTABLE HOME VIDEO FEATURES: There's a featurette on horse racing in the 1930s which includes not only the Seabiscuit-War Admiral rivalry but also other great horses of the era. The Blu-Ray includes newsreel footage of the actual race and an A&E channel special on the real Seabiscuit.
BOX OFFICE PERFORMANCE: $148.3M on an $87M production budget; the film fell shy of recouping it's production costs during its theatrical run although it turned a very tidy profit on home video.
COMPARISON SHOPPING: Miracle
NEXT: Now You See Me
Posted in DVD Review | Tagged 1930s, bare knuckle boxing, biographical drama, car accident, Chris Cooper, cinema, cowboy, Depression, DVD Review, Ed Russo, Elizabeth Banks, Films, Gary Ross, Gary Stevens, healing, horse racing, Jeff Bridges, match race, Michael Angarano, movies, newsreels, radio, Sam Bottoms, Seabiscuit, sports, stable, Tobey Maguire, trainer, Universal, William H. Macy | Leave a reply
A Town Called Panic (Panique au village)
Cowboy and Indians, Cats and Dogs…it's all the same.
(2009) Animated Feature (Zeitgeist) Starring the voices of Stephane Aubier, Jeanne Balibar, Veronique Dumont, Bruce Ellison, Christelle Mahy, Vincent Patar, Franco Piscopo, Benoit Poelvoorde, Eric Muller. Directed by Stephane Aubier and Vincent Patar
When you were a kid (at least if you're my age or so), you probably spent hours, as I did, in your room playing with your plastic toys, assigning to them personalities and creating entire worlds for them to explore. You would move them around, create dialogue for them and sometimes build sets for them out of other toys, cardboard, shoeboxes, whatever you can find. Some of those playtimes were far more imaginative than anything you'd see on the Saturday morning cartoons.
The Belgian creators of A Town Called Panic realized this and decided to create a Saturday morning cartoon with the same imagination and low budget that they had as kids. Using only plastic toy figures and stop motion animation, they created a television series that was actually a series of five-minute vignettes strung out into half hour television shows. Now, they're trying their hand at a feature film and it's alternately charming and strange.
Cowboy (Aubier), Indian (Ellison) and Horse (Patar) live together in the small town where Panic is not just the name, it's the attitude. Their neighbors are Steven (Poelvoorde) the Farmer and his wife Janine (Dumont) who makes her husband gigantic pieces of toast for breakfast. Horse has a thing for Madame Longree (Balibar), the equine music teacher in town.
With Horse's birthday around the corner, Cowboy and Indian decide to build him a barbecue. They order 50 bricks over the Internet but due to a computer snafu, that order of 50 bricks becomes 50 million. Cowboy and Indian try to hide their error but the bricks eventually wind up destroying their house. Fortunately, they have enough bricks to rebuild.
But someone keeps stealing their bricks; pointy-headed creatures from the bottom of the sea who arrive through a hole in the ground. Horse, Indian and Cowboy head after them and wind up on a wacky trek to the North Pole (where they are attacked by mad scientists in a mechanical giant Penguin). In the meantime, the shy Horse has to keep giving excuses to Madam Longree why he has missed yet another music lesson.
Even the description here doesn't do the movie justice; it's like Gumby on acid. You'd think that a movie as zany as the one I've described would move at light speed but that's not it at all; in fact, one of the main knocks against the movie that I've seen is that the pacing is too slow, even for a movie that is only 75 minutes long. Still, there is that out there humor that seems to appeal to Europeans more than all but a select American audience; it's a bit sad that Americans can't find the charm and humor as easily in a stop motion film of toys being manipulated as they do in a CGI film of toys being manipulated (i.e. Toy Story).
WHY RENT THIS: Wacky and surreal, will most likely appeal to adults more than children.
WHY RENT SOMETHING ELSE: Sometimes goes over the top with it's out of left field.
FAMILY VALUES: Very surreal which might be a bit much for kids but certainly acceptable in terms of violence, sexuality, language and drug use.
TRIVIAL PURSUIT: A Town Called Panic was the first stop-motion animated feature to be screened at the Cannes Film Festival.
NOTABLE HOME VIDEO EXTRAS: There is the winning entry of a fan video competition.
BOX OFFICE PERFORMANCE: $196,176 on an unreported production budget; chances are this wasn't profitable.
COMPARISON SHOPPING: Toy Story
NEXT: Coco Chanel and Igor Stravinski
Posted in DVD Review | Tagged A Town Called Panic, Aardman Studios, animated feature, based on a children's television show, based on a television show, Belgian Cinema, bricks, cinema, cowboy, DVD Reviews, farmer, Films, giant robot penguin, horse, indian, mad scientists, movies, music teacher, Panique au village, plastic toys, policeman, sea creatures, stop-motion animation, Zeitgeist Films | Leave a reply
Buck Brannaman surrounded by his friends.
(2011) Documentary (Sundance Selects) Buck Brannaman, Mary Brannaman, Reata Brannaman, Betsy Shirley, Robert Redford, Bibb Frazier, Betty Staley, Ali Cornish, Shayne Jackson, Smokie Brannaman, Ray Hunt. Directed by Cindy Meehl
We as Americans tend to think of ourselves as the strong silent types. We admire the archetype of the lone cowboy, masculine and kind, prone to doing the right thing and saying little to blow his own horn; he just gets on with things.
Buck Brannaman fits the ideal to a "T". This documentary follows Brannaman while he goes on the road, which he does nine months of the year. He runs clinics in which he teaches horse owners to gently train their horses without abusing or breaking them. He is the inspiration for the character of Tom Booker in the Nicholas Evans novel "The Horse Whisperer" which later became a Robert Redford movie.
Brannaman has a droll sense of humor; he quips early on "I get called out for people with horse problems, but usually find horses with people problems." He is self-deprecating but firm in his passions; from time to time he calls out his clients when their behavior is detrimental to the horse. His daughter Reata accompanies him for two months out of the year; she is described by her mother Mary as "her father's daughter," which Buck tends to agree with; "Fortunately she got her mother's looks, but inside she's more like me."
There's something about Buck that you just respond to, whether you're a human being or a horse. It is his innate humanity, his gentle sense of humor and his empathy for both man and beast. He is a decent human being and that decency radiates from him like an aura.
Horse lovers will find many reasons to love this film; the animals have personalities and are treated with dignity and respect. So too are the people who love horses. Some are those who work with horses on ranches; others are those who use horses in other ways, as show horses and in dressage. Then there are just who just love horses and want to learn to ride.
The most remarkable thing about Buck is that he came from a background of extreme abuse as a child; his father was something of a drunken monster who's own insecurities led him to beat his children (Buck and his brother Smokie) unmercifully. Buck and Smokie, who were trick ropers as children (Buck and Smokie remain in the Guinness Book of World Records to this day for achievements as children), had their injuries found out by a football coach who immediately reported it to the authorities, and the two boys were remanded to the care of Betsy Shirley, a foster mom who together with her husband raised the two as their own (some of the best moments in the movie come when Betsy comes to visit Buck).
Not all documentaries need to be about an issue. Some of the best ones are about people who are worth knowing more about. People who make the world a better place in their own way. You will be better for even a brief encounter with Buck than you were going in. If there's a better reason to go see a movie, I can't think of it.
REASONS TO GO: A wonderful portrayal of a real American archetype. Truly inspiring in places, Brannaman's humanity and compassion shines.
REASONS TO STAY: Much of the movie revolves around Brannaman's clinics and might be a bit repetitive for some.
FAMILY VALUES: There are some discussions of child abuse and one scene of an injury that might be too much for impressionable sorts.
TRIVIAL PURSUIT: Buck Brannaman was not only the inspiration for the lead character in the novel The Horse Whisperer; he also was a technical advisor on the film of the novel.
HOME OR THEATER: Beautifully photographed, this should be seen on a big screen.
TOMORROW: Premonition
Posted in New Releases | Tagged animal abuse, bit, breaking horses, Buck, Buck Brnnaman, calf roping, chaps, child abuse, cinema, clinics, consultant, cowboy, Documentary, dressage, Films, horses, IFC, movies, Ray Hunt, reviews, road trip, Robert Redford, rodeo, saddle, show horse, Sundance Selects, The Horse Whisperer, trailer, trick roping | Leave a reply | {
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} |
101 entries found.
absence (n.)
"state of not being present," late 14c., from Old French absence "absence" (14c.), from Latin absentia, abstract noun from absentem (nominative absens), present participle of abesse "be away from, be absent," from ab "off, away from" (see ab-) + esse "to be" (from PIE root *es- "to be"). Absence makes the heart grow fonder is a line from the song "Isle of Beauty" by English poet and composer Thomas Haynes Bayly (1797-1839).
in absentia (adv.)
Latin, literally "in (his/her/their) absence" (see absence). By 1831 in English, earlier in legal Latin.
*es-
Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to be."
It forms all or part of: absence; absent; am; Bodhisattva; entity; essence; essential; essive; eu-; eucalyptus; Eucharist; Euclidean; Eudora; Eugene; eugenics; eulogy; Eunice; euphemism; euphoria; euthanasia; homoiousian; improve; interest; is; onto-; Parousia; present (adj.) "existing at the time;" present (n.2) "what is offered or given as a gift;" proud; quintessence; represent; satyagraha; sin; sooth; soothe; suttee; swastika; yes.
It is the hypothetical source of/evidence for its existence is provided by: Sanskrit asmi, Hittite eimi, Greek esti-, Latin est, Old Church Slavonic jesmi, Lithuanian esmi, Gothic imi, Old English eom, German ist.
simpleness (n.)
14c., "absence of pride," from simple (adj.) + -ness. From late 14c. as "absence of duplicity; ignorance; absence of complexity."
non-aggression (n.)
also nonaggression, "absence of aggression," especially "absence of warlike intentions among nations," 1833, from non- + aggression.
coolness (n.)
Old English colnesse "a moderate degree of cold, somewhat low temperature;" see cool (adj.) + -ness. Figurative sense of "absence of mental confusion or excitement" is from 1650s; that of "absence of warm affection" is from 1670s; that of "quiet, unabashed impudence" is by 1751.
insensibility (n.)
late 14c., "absence of physical sensation, numbness," from Late Latin insensibilitas, from insensibilis "that cannot be felt" (see insensible). Meaning "quality of being imperceptible" is from 1630s. Meaning "absence of moral feeling, indifference" is from 1690s.
nothingness (n.)
"nonexistence, absence or negation of being," 1630s, from nothing + -ness.
asepsis (n.)
"absence of micro-organisms causing putrefaction or fermentation," 1855, from a- (3) "not" + sepsis.
silence (n.)
c. 1200, "muteness, state of being silent," from Old French silence "state of being silent; absence of sound," from Latin silentium "a being silent," from silens, present participle of silere "be quiet or still," of unknown origin. Meaning "absence of sound" in English is from late 14c. | {
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Actress, Allison Williams appeared at the Gotham Independent Film Awards 2012 in this gorgeous pale pink lace embellished maxi. She looks so elegant and feminine, teaming her look with beautiful tight long curls. I love how she's accessorised her feet with black sandles to match the black lace at the bottom of the dress. With her slim figure, this dress is nothing but flattering as it clenches in at the waist and enhances her lovely long arms, with pale nail polish to finish. | {
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} |
Boot brush stations will capture hitchhiking seeds.
Most of us have learned over time to wipe our feet before entering the house. This spring, Natural Resource Specialist Kristen Sinclair will put a new spin on this message with the installation of three boot brush stations at Lake Fairfax Park. The goal of the one-year pilot project is to stop the spread of non-native invasive plant species such as wavyleaf basketgrass and garlic mustard by removing unwanted seeds from the soles of hikers' shoes and boots.
Boot brush stations have been installed successfully by park agencies in the Midwest and the National Park Service. The Lake Fairfax stations will be located at trailheads and near the campground. Stations include a framed educational sign, mounted boot brush, and a gravel reservoir to catch fallen seeds. To deter new weeds from sprouting up in the soil around the stations, a pre-emergent herbicide will be applied to the gravel area.
Funded by the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors' Environmental Improvement Program, the stations provide an opportunity to educate park users about the negative effects of non-native invasive plants on the local environment. Aggressive invaders can choke forests, suppress native plants, and damage wildlife habitat. A startling example of invasive species spreading unchecked on parkland can be found at Maryland's Patapsco Valley State Park, where wavyleaf basketgrass engulfed 100 acres in less than 10 years.
The threat of this happening at Lake Fairfax is very real. Erin Stockschlaeder, coordinator for the Invasive Management Area (IMA) and Early Detection and Rapid Response (EDRR) programs, has discovered and mapped wavyleaf basketgrass in the park. This plant blankets the forest floor, and its small, sticky seeds cling to pant legs, socks, and boots. As the invading plant spreads, native plants including deer's tongue (a native grass), violets, trout lilies, and a variety of ferns disappear. According to Sinclair, one measure of success for the program would be finding no new populations of wavyleaf basketgrass in the campground or on the trails. If the program is deemed successful, brush stations may be installed at other parks throughout the system.
A sign identifies common invasive species.
Getting the most bang for your buck is important in these lean budget years, and once installed the new inexpensive brush stations will require little maintenance. Three brush station kits and sign will be purchased from Genesis Graphics of Escanaba, Michigan, and assembled and installed by Groundskeeper Specialist Ferlin Mathews and the Area 6 crew. Graphics for the sign were developed by Graphic Designers Joanne Kearney and Alex Ngyuen. "We will monitor the stations the first season to make sure there aren't any undue maintenance issues," said Sinclair.
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged Early Detection and Rapid Response, IMA, Invasive Management Area, Lake Fairfax Park, National Park Service on April 2, 2012 by Fairfax County Park Authority. | {
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Q: Ajax Pagination append the element instead of updating id I am working on Cakephp application. What I want here is to create facebook style pagination. Still I have done with Ajax pagination on simple sorting. Now my logic with this I will create button of next. and render element. Cakephp will itself manage pagination. But my issue is its rendering my view to particular div(ID) that it ask me during 'update'. My style of dom is...
<div class="fb_style" id='1'></div>
<div class="fb_style" id='2'></div>
<div class="fb_style" id='3'></div>
<div class="fb_style" id='4'></div>
<div class="fb_style" id='5'></div>
<div class="fb_style" id='6'></div>
<div id='more button'>MORE BUTTON(ACTUALLY PAGINATOR NEXT LINK)</div>
I want to render the div next to id=6 or I can say next to .fb_style:last
My pagination sample code...I simple wish to append to particular dom element.
$this->Paginator->_ajaxHelperClass = "Ajax";
$this->Paginator->Ajax = $this->Ajax;
$this->Paginator->options(array('update' => 'listID',
'url' => array('controller' => 'poets', 'action' => 'index', $separator),
'indicator' => 'loaderID'));
If I do it with Jquery means to write function than its quite clumpsy means I have to send total records, than validate the limit manually, on view check if total records are equal or more so I move with above logic let me know if it correct...or any other solution or guide line with it.
A: I used Infinite scrolling JQuery plugin and it is just working fine. This jquery plugin will give you custom built-in events that you can use to send Ajax request to your controller's method. Also if it will be working then you can change it css to looks like facebook infinite scrolling functionality.
Here is another post that will help you how to use it with CakePHP.
A: Use the twitter style of pagination, although your ordering ASC, while facebook and twitter order DESC, it would still apply.
Send the min_id form the first results as param, and use that in your conditions in index() so the next request would get the next block of results.
This is safer then getting page 2 as new records might have been added in the meanwhile so you would be missing records or have duplicates (only applies when you would change to order DESC, for ASC ordering it would be safe to use page 2)
'update' => 'listID'
should be
'update' => '#listID'
| {
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• 72% of women knew the Act F.A.S.T. acronym which is used to help people identify the signs of a stroke compared to 62% of men.
• Only 86% of men surveyed knew the three most common signs of a stroke compared to 91% of women.
• Most people (84%) were aware that the faster stroke patients receive medical treatment the greater their chances of a better recovery, but shockinglyalmost 40% are not aware that getting treatment fast can help avoid long-term disability.
• Older people aged 55-74 are more likely to have a stroke but were less likely to be aware that getting treatment fast could save a person's life.
The survey designed specifically for Black and Asian communities to understand the current levels of knowledge about stroke highlight that some of the key Act F.A.S.T. stroke campaign messages are getting through but there's still more work to be done.
Stroke is a medical emergency, however woman were more likely than men to say that they would seek help quickly if they notice someone showing the signs of a stroke. The Act F.A.S.T. stroke campaign stresses the importance of acting fast and calling 999 as soon as you see even one of the signs developing in yourself or someone else.
While most people (84%) were aware that the faster stroke patients receive medical treatment the greater their chances of a better recovery, surprisingly, almost 40% were not aware that getting treatment fast could help avoid long-term disability.Treatment is more effective if it is received within 3 hours of the onset of a stroke. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Grammarly Review 2022 Pros and Cons: Is it Worth ?
Last Updated on: January 18, 2022 by Christine Williams | Fact Checked
Finds and Corrects up to 10× more mistakes than your everyday word processor in the market.
Works everywhere on the Web including WordPress editor.
Best Online Grammar Database
A useful tool for all the new users and people who aren't that good at English
Software that adds an extra eye
Real time Grammar Correcting tool
Easy to understand explainations
very simple to use
Chrome extension for work on any website
Grammarly Add-in for Microsoft Office doesn't work on Macs.
Never a replacement for human proofreader
No matter what guys, by the end of the day I'd definitely recommend Grammarly to all the bloggers and freelance content writers who want all their articles to be error-free.
Price:$ 25
I'm pretty sure that each and every one of us might love writing right? That's probably the reason you're reading this article. Are you sure that you know all the fundamentals of grammar and you never going to be wrong?
Are you in search of a tool that will help you in proofreading the articles which you have written? So probably each and every one of us do mistakes right, it's kind of embarrassing when someone points out our grammatical mistakes.
So recently, I've come across a tool called Grammarly which is basically a grammar checker that proofreads all your articles and blog posts.
Bottom Line Upfront:
Grammarly is a tool to improve digital writing, its assistant supports clear and effective communication. On average, 30 million people and 30000 teams around the world on a daily basis use AI-powered products to strengthen their writing. It provides a mistake-free digital writing experience.We consistently break new ground in natural language processing (NLP) research to deliver unrivaled assistance in our product offerings. Grammarly is recognized by Fast Company as one of the world's most innovative AI companies.
So before getting started, let me tell you guys, I've been using this tool for the past 30 days and I've rightly pointed out all the pros and cons of this tool. So is this tool really going to help you out? Let's find it out.
What is Grammarly?
What issues does Grammarly solve?
Grammarly Web and Program Add-Ons
Grammarly Desktop App
Grammarly for Microsoft Word
Grammarly Spelling Checker for Mac
Grammarly Mobile Keyboard
What makes Grammarly better than others?
How Grammarly stands up against other tools?
FAQs of Grammarly
✔Is Grammarly reliable?
🔥Who can use Grammarly?
✔Can I use Grammarly for free?
💥How much does Grammarly cost?
👓What if I don't like Grammarly? Can I get a refund?
👉What can I do with Grammarly?
👀How does Grammarly work?
👍How does Grammarly show mistakes in my text?
✔Does Grammarly have a MS Word plugin?
✔Can Grammarly be used on smartphones?
👓Is Grammarly available on macOS?
🔥Why should I use Grammarly over others?
✔Does Grammarly support offline editing?
👉Get Grammarly Now
Grammarly is a full-featured spelling and grammar checker which works with nearly everything you type on the internet. The software is activated by entering any text editing field like Facebook, WordPress, Twitter, or email, which highlights all mistakes in real-time.
For instance, I am composing this on WordPress, and I am seeing red areas appear beneath sections of text which have been flagged as having mistakes. I simply hover my cursor around them to receive an explanation and a proposed fix for seeing what they really are.
You could do this while writing or after you've completed it. If you choose the latter approach, look for the Grammarly logo in the content editor's lower right-hand side and tap on to see most of the recommended fixes for the full piece.
Grammarly compares your work to its databases of material and style mistakes, as well as information acquired secretly from its monthly active customers. Grammarly needs an online connection for work, which is a disadvantage of the real time approach. Grammarly can help you identify a variety of mistakes.
Punctuation and grammar
It recognises simple to intermediate grammatical and punctuation errors. It also offers real time ideas and guidance for correcting errors, such as incorrect commas.
It also has a powerful spell checker to ensure that your content is free of errors.
Check and fix plagiarized content
Plagiarism is a term that refers to the act of copying content from some other source and pasting it as it is without giving any due credit to the original source. Grammarly identifies plagiarism by evaluating your work to millions of online pages
Here is a video by the Grammarly Team that explains its intricate workings
This will also assist you in self-editing your works and giving you real-time feedback on your Grammarly reading score, sentence size, and other factors. This is incredibly useful when it comes to adjusting your genre-specific method of writing to a particular demographic.
Grammarly highlights serious mistakes in red (spell and proper grammar) as well as technical faults in other colors (style and best practices) when in use, albeit it is only available to premium customers.
When you hover your mouse over any of the highlighted words or phrases, you will be given the opportunity to either remedy the problem right away or read a more extensive explanation of the fault.
I like how the explanations are written in plain English and how example sentences are used to demonstrate errors. It's more thorough than the built-in grammatical checker in Google Docs or Office 365, although the latter is rapidly improving. I personally consider the error score which Grammarly displays at the end of the article to be a useful indicator of just how much editing effort remains.
The Grammarly plug-in for the internet automatically checks whatever you type in real-time, including emails and notes. The addon highlights errors with underlining in the very same manner that it does on certain platforms, and so you may tap on each term to learn much more about the problem.
Grammarly can add code into the source document at the location of the mistake if you use a topic management system On such sites, you must deactivate the code but it is not a smart option to have inaccurate or superfluous code.
Grammarly's most recent upgrade enhances the Google Docs experiences. Grammarly's simplicity, engagement, and delivery recommendations (the latter two are only accessible to premium customers), as well as the Set Goals modules, are already available, in addition to the regular dedicated column.
These functionalities are only accessible through the Google Chrome plugin; if you are using the Grammarly extension alongside Google Docs on other platforms, you will only be able to make inline modifications.
I had no trouble joining into my Grammarly profile after installing the desktop application on my Windows 10 laptop. The app is attractive and well designed, with a side panel with dark accents and simple icons that I really appreciate. Users have the option of typing straight in an editor or uploading a previously created document.
Grammarly claims that it will only keep the bold and italic style, lists, references, and headings if you simply copy and paste material from a Word document further into the application.
In my tests, I discovered that it also preserved highlighted text. Use the importing tool to make the documents if you wish to maintain the text's complete layout (including paragraph spacing).
While you are working in the Grammarly editor, you will not see any structured data; but, when you save the project, it will maintain all of its original structure.
You could always write straight in the Grammarly application because the editor already contains formatting features like bold, italics, underlining, headings, links, and list (both numeric and bulleted).
It's probably easier to stay working in Word as well as Google Docs and then use the Grammarly features designed specifically for those systems.
Click on the Profile button in the desktop applications to modify your personalized dictionary then alter your writing accent amongst a few distinct English variations: American, Australian, Canadian, and British. Grammarly is presently only available in English, so it won't help you learn another language – unless you are attempting to learn English, of course.
The right-hand side of a document's screen contains tabs for grammatical and spelling errors, special writing checks, an originality checker, a human proofreading option, and an overall writing assessment depending on these aspects.
The writing grade is useful for quickly assessing your written performance and determining how much revision is still required.
You may still verify the content in your Grammarly homepage if you do not really write straight in the WordPress editor but instead use Microsoft Word or some other text editing program.
Simply select the "New" option and copy/paste the content you would like to examine. You may also run the Grammarly plugin for Microsoft Office, which allows anyone to use it in Word as well as Outlook if you upgrade to the premium edition of the software. To do so, go to the Grammarly homepage and select "Download Add-in" from the left-hand panel.
If you are an admin looking over a writer's material, you can use the plagiarism detector on the left side of the review screen. Grammarly is also compatible with email as well as social media sites such as Twitter and Facebook, as previously noted.
You could use Grammarly on just about any text editor on your computer if you are using Google Chrome and download the Chrome extension.
The Grammarly Mac OS software is cloud-based application software that instantly syncs the whole of your papers with the Grammarly online app.
Their desktop version also has a drag and drop capability, so that you can simply drop your MS Word (and any other text file) into it to begin proofreading and plagiarism checking.
You will be welcomed by Grammarly's recognizable web service interface when you have logged into your computer application. I suggest pinning Grammarly's logo to your dock because you could use it to begin the proofreading procedure by dragging and dropping any document. If you possess a large document, such as an eBook, you will have to break it up into 20-page sections.
The Grammarly computer experience is nearly identical to that of the Grammarly web service. I would, however, greatly welcome a Grammarly extension for Microsoft Word on Mac. For the time being, Mac OS users will appreciate having the power of Grammarly on their computer.
All Android, as well as iOS users, can use Grammarly's keyboard application My Google Pixel, which runs Android 10, was used to test the software.
The Grammarly keyboard, as you would assume, assists you in correcting grammar or spelling mistakes as you type. It can be used for a variety of tasks, including writing emails, creating social media postings, and editing long-form papers.
You can pick between a bright or dark color theme in Settings, as well as whether or not to reveal key borders and also the number row, as well as toggle vibration, audio, and popup on mouse click.
I like how the keyboard position on the monitor can be adjusted as well. The Grammarly app now allows swipe typing as well. It does not, nevertheless, have all of Gboard's frills, such as online search and translation, which force you to use Google services.
However, I like the simple style and don't believe Grammarly should aim for function parity. Users with a lot of influence might disagree.
Grammarly provides automatic recommendations and edits as you write. You may easily accept these modifications by swiping through them, or you can double-check it by tapping the green Grammarly button on the upper side.
Grammarly offers a card-based interface with much more clear instructions when you click on particular fixes. It's a seamless experience, and going through changes rapidly is simple.
The keyboard modifications and recommendations, like those on the desktop site, are generally necessary and correct, particularly if you buy a complete edition.
The autocorrect for spelling is on par with what you would get with a regular keyboard, but it's the corrected grammar tweaks that make it stand out.
The keyboard options are quite extensive. Grammarly allows you to modify basic editing choices in addition to the aesthetic and behaviour variables I described earlier.
You may turn on and off predictive text and auto-capitalization, choose a preferred language (British, American, Canadian English, or Australian ), and have it recommend contact names as you write. You can leave feedback, visit the help site, or switch profiles in the remaining sections.
Grammarly is a much more concise, functional, and attractive product than its three primary competitors. In contrast, they're all a little clunky.
The Grammarly computer application, in fact, looks fantastic, and the minimal button arrangement is quite efficient. You may immediately view the errors, as well as the reasons for them, and select whether to apply or ignore them with a single click.
Grammarly is also quite simple to set up. It checks whatever I type in my browser with simply a few more taps (I use Firefox). It simply runs in the background without causing any issues.
Grammarly is unsurprisingly more attractive and user-friendly than its competitors. Simply said, it's a larger corporation with more resources.
Consider the following scenario. Consider how much they have spent in R&D and layout throughout their site, applications, and plugins whether they can continue to invest dollars on those beautiful TV advertisements you have almost surely seen. Grammarly has most of the weapons assuming internet grammar checking was an armaments competition.
Grammarly may not be the only free online grammar checker available. It is, nevertheless, the most widespread, including over 10 subscriber bases. Ginger, ProWritingAid, and WhiteSmoke are some other grammar checkers that have similar functionality to Grammarly. They are full-featured grammar, punctuation, and spelling checks, just like Grammarly.
How does Grammarly stack up against them? Is it a good idea to use them? When it refers to robotic grammar check, is there really a definite winner?
This review post was written with the complimentary editions of Ginger, ProWritingAid, and WhiteSmoke. The free options provided me with a good idea of how things work, but my impressions of their advanced features are focused on what they are supposed to do instead of how I really used them.
ProWritingAid
Probably the biggest Grammarly substitute available.
It concentrates on enhancing your writings as well as addressing grammar and spelling issues. It accomplishes this by examining language structure, cliches, repetitive terms, repetitive phrases, and a lack of sentence length variation.
Provides a thorough analysis of your work, with an emphasis on these "larger picture" difficulties. For lengthier works of writing, also including books or essays, this can be a useful tool.
I enjoy how they put a strong emphasis on style. Each day as an editor, I stumble across lines and phrases which are not formally erroneous but have an odd and unpleasant expression. ProWritingAid's style recommendations could help with a wide range of complicated writing.
Excellent price or quality ratio. The Premium version costs $60 each year, while the Premium+ version is priced at $70 per year (and it incorporates an originality detector). Grammarly is far more expensive, priced at $139.95 per year.
It makes a trade-off between simplicity and thoroughness.
It isn't as comprehensive or user-friendly as Grammarly as a basic grammar and spelling analyzer.
The sheer majority of material it offers about style might easily overwhelm you. While their advice may be valuable when working on a book or study, it's largely useless for daily writing like email and online posts.
Because it only provides a Chrome browser extension, it isn't as easy to use. This is significant because Chrome has ceased to be the greatest online browser in recent years.
It includes several added capabilities that Grammarly lacks, including a translator that can convert your work into 60 other languages.
A translator might be quite valuable for those that have to write in english and other Languages on a fundamental level. In Ginger, you can, for example, publish in Spanish, then convert to English or test for spelling and grammatical errors.
You will be given your own dictionary. This means you could tell Ginger not to mark particular words as incorrect. This is especially beneficial if your novel contains odd character names or technical language.
The subscription is priced at $139.95 per year, while Grammarly charges $89.88 per year.
While Ginger has similar characteristics to Grammarly, it is less user friendly and has an unappealing layout.
In addition, instead of being displayed instantly, you must hover over the grammatical problems. The proofreading procedure is slowed as a result of this.
It does not yet have a Mac desktop programme or integration with Microsoft Word.
It connects with all leading sources, as do all effective grammar checkers. It features desktop versions for Windows and MacOS, as well as extensions for all of the web browsers (Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Safari, as well as Opera).
Aids you in the creation of professional looking papers. It includes layouts for thank you, sympathy, and apology notes, among other things.
Grammarly is priced at $139.95 per year, while it's yearly subscription is priced at $79.99.
In response to user experience and speed, Grammarly, ProWritingAid, and Ginger are more advanced. It's much more cumbersome to use.
On the surface, these grammar checkers appear to be a severe threat to Grammarly. The vocabulary, spelling, and punctuation checks ProWritingAid, Ginger, and WhiteSmoke are all excellent options. They also offer several functions that Grammarly lacks.
More detailed comments on your style of writing is provided by ProWritingAid. WhiteSmoke features professional themes to assist you to produce professional papers, and Ginger has an embedded language translator. They are also all less expensive than Grammarly. Grammarly is, nevertheless, the top online grammar checker in my opinion. It's easy: it's the most user-friendly and intuitive.
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Grammarly detects and corrects more problems in writing than a typical proofreader and grammar checker. It will explain why a mistake occurred and provide possible solutions. Both the free and paid versions are precise, quick, and simple to use. It's a must-have tool for aspiring authors.
Grammarly is a valuable and economical writing tool that you should have in your arsenal. It will help you detect and fix faults in your writing quickly, whether you're a blogger, author, or business writer, and it's also simple to use.
Grammarly's basic edition is completely free to use. You can use it to double-check your grammar. Additional writing tools are available in the premium edition. It costs around $29.99 each month, but you can save money by signing up for a monthly subscription or getting a discount.
Grammarly is available for $29.95 per month, $59.95 per quarter, and $139.95 per year. If this pricing appears to be too excessive, keep in mind that Grammarly gives membership reductions on a regular basis. You get customizable tests for different document kinds, a plagiarism filter, and a tool to help you diversify your vocabulary, among other things, for the price of admission. Grammarly also has a free version that checks for important spelling and grammar problems. The Grammarly Business tier costs $15 per month per member and is invoiced annually.
Yes, indeed! If you test Grammarly Premium and don't like it, you can go to Grammarly.com, contact Grammarly support, and get a full refund within ten days.
Grammarly is a full featured spelling and grammar checker which works with nearly everything you type on the internet. The software is activated by entering in any text editing field like Facebook, WordPress, Twitter, or email, which highlights all mistakes in real time. You could do this while writing or after you've completed. If you choose the latter approach, look for the Grammarly logo in the content editor's lower right hand side and tap on to see most of the recommended fixes for the full piece.
Grammarly highlights serious mistakes in red (spell and proper grammar) as well as technical faults in other colours (style and best practises) when in use, albeit it is only available to premium customers. When you hover your mouse over any of the highlighted words or phrases, you will be given the opportunity to either remedy the problem right away or read a more extensive explanation of the fault.
Yes! You can use Grammarly with Microsoft Word by simply running the Grammarly plugin for Microsoft Office, which allows anyone to use it in Word as well as Outlook, if you upgrade to the premium edition of the software. To do so, go to the Grammarly homepage and select "Download Add-in" from the left hand panel.
All Android as well as iOS users can use Grammarly's keyboard application My Google Pixel, which runs Android 10, was used to test the software. The Grammarly keyboard, as you would assume, assists you in correcting grammar or spelling mistakes as you type. It can be used for a variety of tasks, including writing emails, creating social media postings, and editing long-form papers.
Yes! The Grammarly Mac OS software is a cloud - based application software that instantly syncs the whole of your papers with the Grammarly online app. Their desktop version also has a drag and drop capability, so that you can simply drop your MS Word (and any other text file) into it to begin proofreading and plagiarism checking.
Grammarly is a much more concise, functional, and attractive product than its three primary competitors. In contrast, they're all a little clunky. The Grammarly computer application in fact, looks fantastic, and the minimal button arrangement is quite efficient. You may immediately view the errors, as well as the reasons for them, and select whether to apply or ignore them with a single click.
Grammarly's main strength is its thoroughness when it comes to spelling, punctuation, and style suggestions. Grammarly can help all types of writers improve their productivity. Although recent improvements, like improved Google Docs support and the arrival of Grammarly for Word on Macs, make the service simple to recommend, we'd still want to see an offline option.
Christine Williams is an experienced Portland based web content writer for Affiliatebay.net and she is writer by day and a reader by night. Her passion for helping people in all aspects of internet marketing industry flows through in the expert industry coverage she provides. She cover a wide range of niches, and share articles around popular products and online services. She also writes for many leading magazines like Forbes, NY times and she is a firm believer in giving back to community through her content pieces.
3 thoughts on "Grammarly Review 2022 Pros and Cons: Is it Worth ?"
Charles Cherril
Did you know that on average 30 million people and 30000 teams rely on Grammarly now? Who am I kidding? Of course you did! And then there's the rewards program—did your boss see this bright idea when they added their team already? We all win with free access to a brighter future together, where we can communicate clearly without worrying about robots feeding us inaccurate information in our emails or online chats. We've got grammar experts standing by to help you ace your text edits so you
Noah Benson
It's the meat of it, but I also like how they handled its interface: simple and responsive for my touchscreen laptop. Gives me the confidence to get things done.
Linda Blake
It checks my grammar mistakes and engages me in conversation to figure out where I've gone wrong. All the while, it's leveling up what we know about using AI to help people write better. If you care about writing, don't let another push past without getting your hands on a copy of this wonderful invention! | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
MediaVue systems has entered into a partnership with Avnet Electronics Marketing and TBJec to supply hardware to the growing Brazilian digital signage market.
Under the agreement Avnet Embedded will distribute mediaVue's lines of digital signage player PCs throughout Brazil with sales and support managed by JBTec.
Bruno Gianzanti, CEO of JBTec, said: "By incorporating sureVue Player PCs into our networks, we are able to supply our customers with a more reliable and feature-rich SAAS offering. MediaVue's products and expertise bring added value to our company and make us more competitive in the growing digital signage market in Brazil. Within days of the introduction of mediaVue's products on our website we began receiving calls from customers asking for sureVues by name and placing orders." | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
NEO: The World Ends with You Released on Steam
Oct 19, 2022 Carley Garcia
The title was previously an Epic exclusive on PC.
Originally launched for the PlayStation 4 and Nintendo Switch in July 2021, NEO: The World Ends with You managed to get a PC release in September 2021. After being available exclusively on the Epic Games Store for the past year, those who prefer Steam can now grab the game–and for a discount. The title is 25 percent off until October 25, bringing the price of the Square Enix action RPG down to $44.99.
Check out the Steam Release Trailer for the game below.
NEO: The World Ends with You is a sequel to the 2007 title The World Ends with You. Co-developed by Square Enix and h.a.n.d, the title features a new cast of characters playing something called the Reapers' Game in a reimagined Shibuya. This game is a week-long competition that will determine the fate of the characters themselves, and it also appeared in the original title. While everyday life continues like normal in the Realground, a number of deceased individuals are chosen and brought to an alternate plane of existence called the Underground. Winners will be brought back to life or, if they prefer, brought to heaven.
Recently, Square Enix announced that the original physical soundtrack for NEO: The World Ends with You would be restocked due to popular demand. The soundtrack is also available to stream on Spotify.
The World Ends with You became a smash hit upon its release in 2007, with critics and fans instantly falling in love with the title's unique graphical style, soundtrack, and reimagination of one of Tokyo's most popular areas. Many consider it to be one of the greatest video games of all time.
Those purchasing the game on PC will receive the following purchase bonuses.
Legendary Threads Set
Legendary Headphones – Greatly increases the item drop rate.
Legendary Tank Top – Greatly increases Attack.
Legendary Shorts – Shortens the duration the wearer is knocked down.
Legendary Sneakers – Increases movement speed during combat.
Legendary Music Player – Enormously increases HP.
Reapers' Game Survival Set
Pin: UFO Rescue – Hold the button to slowly restore your team's HP.
Threads: Virupaksa Hoodie – Greatly increases HP.
CD: Twister (NEO Mix) – Adds this song as a main menu music option.
Neo: The World Ends with You was released for Nintendo Switch and PlayStation 4 in July 2021. In September 2021, it was ported to the PC and made available on the Epic Games Store. The first game, The World Ends with You, was released in Japan in July 2007 and in North America in April 2008. An advanced port was released for mobile devices in 2012 under the title The World Ends with You: Solo Remix. Another enhanced port, The World Ends with You: Final Remix, was released for the Nintendo Switch in 2018. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
Listen to our Playlists
Alors on chante!
News Curator
HER | New playlist for What The France !
After releasing its Live Tape #3 last june 29, Her will be playing next in Istanbul (Turkey) on 17/11, in Moscow (Russia) on 21/11 and in Liège (Belgium) on 28/11. In the meantime, we invite you to listen to the exclusive playlist that Victor Solf from Her has created for What The France.
A Made In France Selection By Her
Enjoy a selection of made in France tracks handpicked by Her !
Pop Rock Soul
Curator Anwar | New EP and exclusive What The France playlist! Anwar has unveiled a new EP called Follow Me on French label ThinkZik!. "Je suis un sentimental" ("I'm a sentimental guy̶... Curator Guts | New album and exclusive What The France playlist! French artist Guts' latest album is called Estrellas. After having started out as a writer and producer, he quickly made a name for himself as a...
Receive the latest news about Made in France music Subscribe | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
Whether you will be pursuing an advanced degree full-time or part-time or even entirely online, it is important for you to get to know our campus and members of our learning community. A visit to campus provides a firsthand opportunity to meet personally with our Admissions counselors and explore our facilities and resources for graduate and doctoral students.
Throughout the year, we offer Graduate Information Sessions prior to the start of new terms and we are also happy to accommodate individual visits. Representatives from our Colleges and the Admissions Office will be available to answer questions and assist you with choosing a program that suits your educational career goals. All Information Sessions will be hosted at the Kevin S. Delbridge Welcome Center, Second Floor.
Visit any time! The Admissions Office is open Monday-Friday 8:30-4:00 p.m. and by appointment Tuesday-Thursday until 6:00 p.m. To schedule an appointment, email [email protected], or call 413-782-1517. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Memorise key facts and information and create learning games with this high quality card flipper. Learners will love posting the card through the slot, answering the question and then seeing the correct answer magically appear at the bottom. Turns practice of facts or knowledge into an enjoyable experience that can be repeated as needed. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
<?php
namespace Sylius\Bundle\CoreBundle\Form\Type;
use Sylius\Bundle\CoreBundle\Services\Roles;
use Symfony\Component\Form\AbstractType;
use Symfony\Component\Form\FormBuilderInterface;
use Symfony\Component\OptionsResolver\OptionsResolverInterface;
/**
* User group form type.
*
* @author Paweł Jędrzejewski <[email protected]>
*/
class GroupType extends AbstractType
{
private $dataClass;
/**
* @var Roles
*/
private $roles;
public function __construct($dataClass, Roles $roles)
{
$this->dataClass = $dataClass;
$this->roles = $roles;
}
public function buildForm(FormBuilderInterface $builder, array $options)
{
$builder
->add('name', 'text', array(
'label' => 'sylius.form.group.name'
))
->add('roles', 'choice', array(
'label' => 'sylius.form.group.roles',
'choices' => $this->roles->getRoles(),
'expanded' => false,
'multiple' => true,
'required' => true,
))
;
}
public function setDefaultOptions(OptionsResolverInterface $resolver)
{
$resolver
->setDefaults(array(
'data_class' => $this->dataClass,
'validation_groups' => array('sylius')
)
);
}
public function getName()
{
return 'sylius_group';
}
}
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
} |
Main Page | See live article | Alphabetical index
Henry Seymour Conway (1721 - 9 July 1795 was a British general and statesman. A brother of the 1st Marquess of Hertford, he began his military career in the War of the Austrian Succession, and eventually rose to the rank of lieutenant general (1759).
Serving in the House of Commons from 1741 to 1774 and again from 1775 to 1784, Conway became a leading old Whig, opposing the King's action against John Wilkes in 1763 and entering office with Lord Rockingham as Secretary of State for the Southern Department in 1765 before switching to the Northern Department the next year, serving until his resignation in 1768. In these offices, Conway sought to urge a moderate policy towards the American colonies, being the principal supporter of the repeal of the Stamp Act in 1766, and opposing the taxation policies of Chancellor of the Exchequer Charles Townshend. Following his resignation in January 1768, Conway returned to the military, and in 1772 was made a full general and Governor of Jersey. He remained an important figure in the Commons, opposing the British attempt to suppress the American Revolt, and his motion in March 1782 was partly responsible for the fall of the North government. He was rewarded with a cabinet position and the office of Commander-in-Chief in the new Rockingham ministry, but left the government a year later with the establishment of the Fox-North Coalition. His political career came to an end in 1784 when he lost his seat in parliament due to his opposition to the government of William Pitt.
This article is from Wikipedia. All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
The Study This study examined whether consuming sugared beverages or artificially sweetened beverages was associated with increased risk of stroke or dementia among participants in the Framingham Heart Study, which has followed several thousand men and women (and their offspring) with blood tests and questionnaires since the 1970s.
More Reasons to Avoid Artificial Sweeteners Other studies have associated diet soda with blood vessel damage which may also damage the brain. Artificial sweeteners can also increase the absorption of food by changing bacteria in the colon. For my recent reports on artificial sweeteners see: Artificial Sweeteners, Diabetes and Obesity Artificial Sweeteners Linked to Higher Blood Sugar Levels Artificial Sweeteners, Weight Gain and Diabetes Pepsi Removes Aspartame from its Diet Sodas Artificial Sweeteners, Root of Diabetes and Obesity Epidemics? | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
SPINSTER STITCHER: HAPPY DANCING ALL OVER THE PLACE!
HAPPY DANCING ALL OVER THE PLACE!
This was just the perfect way to spend a Tuesday. I stitched and did laundry and binge-watched Outlander. I had to make a small change to the bottom row of "flags" since I ran out of the green threads that were called for, but I do like the colors I chose instead and think they will be just fine.
If possible, I'm going to see if this might fit in a ready-made frame and I will have a mat cut for it at the Hobby Lobby. Then, I am determined to lace and frame this myself properly and get it on the wall!
Night night, Dearies! I hope your very own Tuesday was super swell too!
What a beautiful piece. Love it. So pleased you showed this. Thank you. The colours on the bottom set this up nicely. Happy Stitching.
A delightful project. Congrats on a loverly finish.
I knew you could finish it - and you did, at lightening speed!
Very pretty, and congratulations for reducing your WIP stash. I like your colors better.
Well done. I like the manner in which you included your initials and the date. Hope it gets up on the wall soon!
Does this mean a new start tomorrow????
Well done, Coni! I like your change at the bottom.
It's lovely. Isn't it nice to have a finish?
Congrats!! It is beautiful! And I love the colors you chose for the bottom. I really need to stitch more Shepherd's Bush, they just have the sweetest designs. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
OUTSIDELEFTmusic
American Idols Live! Review
by Rene Williams
first published: August, 2005
Daddy wet the sheets because he drank to much proof.
I'm not sure how I got roped into it - this concert that is, but there I was - tenth row, center at the Staples Center in Los Angeles and the massive overhead PA system is pumping out a strange, bouncy horn intro which sounds a little like that same horn intro that used to signal that Elvis was seconds from hitting the stage during his final Vegas years.
So the horns are blaring in quadraphonic sound and the two glasses of wine from the lobby bar are finally starting to hit me. For a second, I'm actually getting a little excited - not because of the performers, it's just that the fanfare is really contagious: teen girls standing on their chairs going apeshit, the Elvis horns, the enormousness of the Staples Center structure - it's hard not to get caught up in the grandiosity of it all.
And then some girl named Jessica Sierra starts singing a really homogenized version of the Bus Boys "The Boys Are Back In Town" and the illusion that something interesting was going to happen screeched to an abrupt halt.
Ask anyone - I'm a sucker for reality television. Have you caught the new Battle of the Reality Network Stars? Amazing! But I must admit, American Idol ranks incredibly low on my list - I only watch it because the wife watches is (her being a former stage performer) and this year, I got caught in the drama of it all. Then, when the wife's mother found out that we watch the show on a regular basis, she thought we'd actually want to see the live show. Which I didn't, but I'll never pass up a night of drinking without the parental duties that I've taken on since 2002.
So there I am, kind of just watching the show - the first four performers gets two songs each. Each song is a cover naturally and they're always either familiar Top 40 tunes or a moldy oldie that gets played by your local classic radio station at least six times per day. Not a particularly bad way to go as these kids (average age about 18) probably know nothing about crafting original songs, but every number sounds like something you'd hear on a Superbowl halftime show from the '70s. Yes, Up With People - that old American song and dance troupe. No real soul or feeling.
Standouts? Admittedly there were a few. I thin that black kid that thinks he's Bobby Brown was very good for the genre that he obviously wants to go into. Nikko Smith is his name, I believe. Interesting fact: he's the son of the great St. Louis Cardinals' shortstop, Ozzie Smith (I based my whole little league baseball career on Ozzie's teachings).
The second place winner, Bo Bice - the hillbilly from Alabama also provided a few grins. It's obvious this guy is having fun with freaking out the mainstream. He took the stage, grabbed a pretty nice Fender Flying V guitar and wanked off to a five minute extended intro of Jimi Hendrix's Voodoo Child. I don't know if I liked his rendition (doubt it) or the fact that he just killed the momentum of the entire show with his swampy wah wah-drenched solo, but after 90 minutes, I was finally enjoying myself.
Of course, the enjoyment came all due to the fact that the demonic sounds of Voodoo Child knocked the wind out of every kid in the arena. It was the equivalent to Santa Claus taking a huge dump in every kid's stocking - - that moment of discovery was exactly the response Voodoo Child got. The psychedelic lighting and smoke machines only added to the head shop atmosphere.
How did the show end? Don't ask me, I left right after Carrie Underwood - the show's winner and de facto headliner - sang some song about her daddy urinating in his bed because he got drunk on proof the night before. "Daddy wet the sheets because he drank to much proof" I think is how the lyric went. Brilliant.
Rene Williams
about Rene Williams »»
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Could the sad plight of today's culture really be the fault of TV's Through the Keyhole?
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Goodbye Morrissey
I've Known It's Over before, says Jason, only this time he doesn't cling to blaming himself
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Legendary rocknroller Tav Falco shares his shopping tips with outsideleft readers
From The Allman Brothers to The Monkees with Most of Your Dignity Intact
The frightening world of neo-adult-contemporary has some saving grace from Bill Callahan, Glenn Jones and The Client?®le | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
// jslint.js
// 2015-03-21
// Copyright (c) 2015 Douglas Crockford (www.JSLint.com)
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
// The Software shall be used for Good, not Evil.
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
// SOFTWARE.
// jslint is a function that takes 3 arguments:
// source A text to analyze, a string or an array of strings.
// option_object An object whose keys correspond to option names.
// global_array An array of strings containing global variables that
// the file is allowed readonly access.
// jslint returns an object containing its results. The object contains a lot
// of valuable information. It can be used to generate reports. The object
// contains:
// edition: the version of JSLint that did the analysis.
// functions: an array of objects that represent all of the functions
// declared in the file.
// global: an object representing the global object. Its .context property
// is an object containing a property for each global variable.
// id: "(JSLint)"
// imports: an array of strings representing each of the imports.
// json: true if the file is a JSON text.
// lines: an array of strings, the source.
// module: true if an import or export statement was used.
// ok: true if no warnings were generated. This is what you want.
// option: the option argument.
// property: a property object.
// stop: true if JSLint was unable to finish. You don't want this.
// tokens: an array of objects representing the tokens in the file.
// tree: the token objects arranged in a tree.
// warnings: an array of warning objects. A warning object can contain:
// name: 'JSLintError'
// column: A column number in the file.
// line: A line number in the file.
// code: A warning code string.
// message: The warning message string.
// a: Exhibit A.
// b: Exhibit B.
// c: Exhibit C.
// d: Exhibit D.
// jslint works in several phases. In any of these phases, errors might be
// found. Sometimes JSLint is able to recover from an error and continue
// parsing. In some cases, it cannot and will stop early. If that should happen,
// repair your code and try again.
// Phases:
// 1. If the source is a single string, split it into an array of strings.
// 2. Turn the source into an array of tokens.
// 3. Weave the tokens into a parse tree.
// 4. Walk the tree, traversing all of the nodes of the tree. It is a
// recursive traversal. Each node may be processed on the way down
// (preaction) and on the way up (postaction).
// 5. Check the whitespace between the tokens.
// jslint can also examine JSON text. It decides that a file is JSON text if
// the first token is '[' or '{'. Processing of JSON text is much simpler than
// the processing of JavaScript programs. Only the first three phases are
// required.
// WARNING: JSLint will hurt your feelings.
/*property
a, and, arity, b, bad_assignment_a, bad_character_number_a, bad_get,
bad_module_name_a, bad_option_a, bad_property_a, bad_set, bitwise, block,
body, browser, c, calls, catch, charAt, charCodeAt, closer, closure, code,
column, concat, context, couch, create, d, dead, devel, directive, disrupt,
dot, duplicate_a, edition, ellipsis, else, empty_block, es6, eval,
expected_a_at_b_c, expected_a_b, expected_a_b_from_c_d,
expected_a_before_b, expected_hex_a, expected_identifier_a,
expected_line_break_a_b, expected_regexp_factor_a, expected_space_a_b,
expected_string_a, expected_type_string_a, expression, extra, flag, for,
forEach, free, from, fud, fudge, function, function_in_loop, functions, g,
global, i, id, identifier, import, imports, inc, indexOf, infix_in, init,
initial, isArray, isNaN, join, json, keys, label, label_a, lbp, led,
length, level, line, lines, live, loop, m, margin, match, maxerr, maxlen,
message, misplaced_a, misplaced_directive_a, module, naked_block, name,
names, nested_comment, new, node, not_label_a, nud, ok, open, option,
out_of_scope_a, parameters, pop, property, push, qmark, quote,
redefinition_a_b, replace, reserved_a, role, search, signature,
slash_equal, slice, sort, split, statement, stop, stopping, strict,
subscript_a, switch, test, this, thru, toString, todo_comment, tokens,
too_long, too_many, tree, type, u, unclosed_comment, unclosed_mega,
unclosed_string, undeclared_a, unexpected_a, unexpected_at_top_level_a,
unexpected_char_a, unexpected_comment, unexpected_directive_a,
unexpected_expression_a, unexpected_label_a, unexpected_parens,
unexpected_space_a_b, unexpected_statement_a, unexpected_typeof_a,
uninitialized_a, unreachable_a, unregistered_property_a, unsafe, unused_a,
use_spaces, used, value, var_loop, var_switch, variable, warning, warnings,
weird_loop, white, wrap_immediate, wrap_regexp, wrapped, writable, y
*/
var jslint = (function JSLint() {
'use strict';
function count(func, progress) {
// The count function takes a function and calls it repeatedly until it
// returns a falsy result. The count function returns the number of truthy
// results.
progress = progress || 0;
return func()
? count(func, progress + 1)
: progress;
}
function empty() {
// The empty function produces a new empty object that inherits nothing. This is
// much better than {} because confusions around accidental method names like
// 'constructor' are completely avoided.
return Object.create(null);
}
function is_hex(char) {
return (
(char >= '0' && char <= '9') ||
(char >= 'a' && char <= 'f') ||
(char >= 'A' && char <= 'F')
);
}
function populate(object, array, value) {
// Augment an object by taking property names from an array of strings.
array.forEach(function (name) {
object[name] = value;
});
}
var allowed_option = {
// These are the options that are recognized in the option object or that may
// appear in a /*jslint*/ directive. Most options will have a boolean value,
// usually true. Some options will also predefine some number of global
// variables.
bitwise: true,
browser: [
'Audio', 'clearInterval', 'clearTimeout', 'document', 'event',
'FormData', 'frames', 'history', 'Image', 'localStorage',
'location', 'name', 'navigator', 'Option', 'parent', 'screen',
'sessionStorage', 'setInterval', 'setTimeout', 'Storage',
'XMLHttpRequest'
],
couch: [
'emit', 'getRow', 'isArray', 'log', 'provides', 'registerType',
'require', 'send', 'start', 'sum', 'toJSON'
],
devel: [
'alert', 'confirm', 'console', 'Debug', 'opera', 'prompt', 'WSH'
],
es6: [
'ArrayBuffer', 'DataView', 'Float32Array', 'Float64Array',
'Generator', 'GeneratorFunction', 'Int8Array', 'Int16Array',
'Int32Array', 'Intl', 'Map', 'Promise', 'Proxy', 'Reflect',
'Set', 'Symbol', 'System', 'Uint8Array', 'Uint8ClampedArray',
'Uint16Array', 'Uint32Array', 'WeakMap', 'WeakSet'
],
eval: true,
for: true,
fudge: true,
maxerr: 1000,
maxlen: 256,
node: [
'Buffer', 'clearImmediate', 'clearInterval', 'clearTimeout',
'console', 'exports', 'global', 'module', 'process',
'require', 'setImmediate', 'setInterval', 'setTimeout',
'__dirname', '__filename'
],
this: true,
white: true
};
var spaceop = {
// This is the set of infix operators that require a space on each side.
'!=': true,
'!==': true,
'%': true,
'%=': true,
'^': true,
'^=': true,
'&': true,
'&=': true,
'&&': true,
'*': true,
'*=': true,
'-=': true,
'+=': true,
'=': true,
'=>': true,
'==': true,
'===': true,
'|': true,
'|=': true,
'||': true,
'<': true,
'<=': true,
'<<': true,
'<<=': true,
'>': true,
'>=': true,
'>>': true,
'>>=': true,
'>>>': true,
'>>>=': true
};
var bitwiseop = {
// These are the bitwise operators.
'~': true,
'^': true,
'^=': true,
'&': true,
'&=': true,
'|': true,
'|=': true,
'<<': true,
'<<=': true,
'>>': true,
'>>=': true,
'>>>': true,
'>>>=': true
};
var opener = {
// The open and close pairs.
'(': ')', // paren
'[': ']', // bracket
'{': '}', // brace
'${': '}' // mega
};
var relationop = {
// The relational operators.
'!=': true,
'!==': true,
'==': true,
'===': true,
'<': true,
'<=': true,
'>': true,
'>=': true
};
var standard = [
// These are the globals that are provided by the ES5 language standard.
'Array', 'Boolean', 'Date', 'decodeURI', 'decodeURIComponent',
'encodeURI', 'encodeURIComponent', 'Error', 'EvalError', 'Function',
'isFinite', 'isNaN', 'JSON', 'Math', 'Number', 'Object', 'parseInt',
'parseFloat', 'RangeError', 'ReferenceError', 'RegExp', 'String',
'SyntaxError', 'TypeError', 'URIError'
];
var bundle = {
// The bundle contains the raw text messages that are generated by jslint. It
// seems that they are all error messages and warnings. There are no "Atta
// boy!" or "You are so awesome!" messages. There is no positive reinforcement
// or encouragement. This relentless negativity can undermine self-esteem and
// wound the inner child. But if you accept it as sound advice rather than as
// personal criticism, it can make your programs better.
and: "The '&&' subexpression should be wrapped in parens.",
bad_assignment_a: "Bad assignment to '{a}'.",
bad_character_number_a: "Bad character code: '{a}'",
bad_get: "A get function takes no parameters.",
bad_module_name_a: "Bad module name '{a}'.",
bad_option_a: "Bad option '{a}'.",
bad_property_a: "Bad property name '{a}'.",
bad_set: "A set function takes one parameter.",
duplicate_a: "Duplicate '{a}'.",
empty_block: "Empty block.",
es6: "Unexpected ES6 feature.",
expected_a_b: "Expected '{a}' and instead saw '{b}'.",
expected_a_before_b: "Expected '{a}' before '{b}'.",
expected_a_b_from_c_d: "Expected '{a}' to match '{b}' from line {c} and instead saw '{d}'.",
expected_a_at_b_c: "Expected '{a}' at column {b}, not column {c}.",
expected_hex_a: "Expected a hexdigit and instead saw '{a}'.",
expected_identifier_a: "Expected an identifier and instead saw '{a}'.",
expected_line_break_a_b: "Expected a line break between '{a}' and '{b}'.",
expected_regexp_factor_a: "Expected a regexp factor and instead saw '{a}'.",
expected_space_a_b: "Expected one space between '{a}' and '{b}'.",
expected_string_a: "Expected a string and instead saw '{a}'.",
expected_type_string_a: "Expected a type string and instead saw '{a}'.",
function_in_loop: "Don't make functions within a loop.",
infix_in: "Unexpected 'in'. Compare with undefined, or use the hasOwnProperty method instead.",
isNaN: "Use the isNaN function to compare with NaN.",
label_a: "'{a}' is a statement label.",
misplaced_a: "Place '{a}' at the outermost level.",
misplaced_directive_a: "Place the '/*{a}*/' directive before the first statement.",
naked_block: "Naked block.",
nested_comment: "Nested comment.",
not_label_a: "'{a}' is not a label.",
out_of_scope_a: "'{a}' is out of scope.",
redefinition_a_b: "Redefinition of '{a}' from line {b}.",
reserved_a: "Reserved name '{a}'.",
slash_equal: "A regular expression literal can be confused with '/='.",
stopping: "Stopping.",
subscript_a: "['{a}'] is better written in dot notation.",
todo_comment: "Unexpected TODO comment.",
too_long: "Line too long.",
too_many: "Too many warnings.",
unclosed_comment: "Unclosed comment.",
unclosed_mega: "Unclosed mega literal.",
unclosed_string: "Unclosed string.",
undeclared_a: "Undeclared '{a}'.",
unexpected_a: "Unexpected '{a}'.",
unexpected_at_top_level_a: "Unexpected '{a}' at top level.",
unexpected_char_a: "Unexpected character '{a}'.",
unexpected_comment: "Unexpected comment.",
unexpected_directive_a: "When using modules, don't use directive '/*{a}'.",
unexpected_expression_a: "Unexpected expression '{a}' in statement position.",
unexpected_statement_a: "Unexpected statement '{a}' in expression position.",
unexpected_label_a: "Unexpected label '{a}'.",
unexpected_parens: "Don't wrap function literals in parens.",
unexpected_space_a_b: "Unexpected space between '{a}' and '{b}'.",
unexpected_typeof_a: "Unexpected 'typeof'. Use '===' to compare directly with {a}.",
uninitialized_a: "Uninitialized '{a}'.",
unreachable_a: "Unreachable '{a}'.",
unregistered_property_a: "Unregistered property name '{a}'.",
unsafe: "Unsafe character '{a}'.",
unused_a: "Unused '{a}'.",
use_spaces: "Use spaces, not tabs.",
var_loop: "Don't declare variables in a loop.",
var_switch: "Don't declare variables in a switch.",
wrap_regexp: "Wrap this regexp in parens to avoid confusion.",
weird_loop: "Weird loop.",
wrap_immediate: "Wrap an immediate function invocation in " +
"parentheses to assist the reader in understanding that the " +
"expression is the result of a function, and not the " +
"function itself."
};
// Regular expression literals:
// supplant {variables}
var rx_supplant = /\{([^{}]*)\}/g,
// carriage return, carriage return linefeed, or linefeed
rx_crlf = /\n|\r\n?/,
// unsafe characters that are silently deleted by one or more browsers
rx_unsafe = /[\u0000-\u001f\u007f-\u009f\u00ad\u0600-\u0604\u070f\u17b4\u17b5\u200c-\u200f\u2028-\u202f\u2060-\u206f\ufeff\ufff0-\uffff]/,
// identifier
rx_identifier = /^([a-zA-Z_$][a-zA-Z0-9_$]*)$/,
rx_bad_property = /^_|\$|Sync$|_$/,
// star slash
rx_star_slash = /\*\//,
// slash star
rx_slash_star = /\/\*/,
// slash star or ending slash
rx_slash_star_or_slash = /\/\*|\/$/,
// uncompleted work comment
rx_todo = /\b(?:todo|TO\s?DO|HACK)\b/,
// tab
rx_tab = /\t/g,
// directive
rx_directive = /^(jslint|property|global)\s*(.*)$/,
rx_directive_part = /^([a-zA-Z$_][a-zA-Z0-9$_]*)\s*(?::\s*(true|false|[0-9]+)\s*)?(?:,\s*)?(.*)$/,
// token (sorry it is so long)
rx_token = /^((\s+)|([a-zA-Z_$][a-zA-Z0-9_$]*)|[(){}\[\]\?,:;'"~`]|=(?:==?|>)?|\.+|\/[*\/]?|\*[\/=]?|\+(?:=|\++)?|-(?:=|-+)?|[\^%]=?|&[&=]?|\|[|=]?|>{1,3}=?|<<?=?|!={0,2}|(0(?:x[0-9a-fA-F]+|\.[0-9]+(?:e[+\-]?[0-9]+)?)?|[1-9][0-9]*(?:\.[0-9]+)?(?:e[+\-]?[0-9]+)?))(.*)$/,
rx_token_es6 = /^((\s+)|([a-zA-Z_$][a-zA-Z0-9_$]*)|[(){}\[\]\?,:;'"~`]|=(?:==?|>)?|\.+|\/[*\/]?|\*[\/=]?|\+(?:=|\++)?|-(?:=|-+)?|[\^%]=?|&[&=]?|\|[|=]?|>{1,3}=?|<<?=?|!={0,2}|(0(?:b[01]+|o[0-7]+|x[0-9a-fA-F]+|\.[0-9]+(?:e[+\-]?[0-9]+)?)?|[1-9][0-9]*(?:\.[0-9]+)?(?:e[+\-]?[0-9]+)?))(.*)$/,
// mega
rx_mega = /`|\$\{/,
// JSON number
rx_JSON_number = /^-?\d+(?:\.\d*)?(?:e[\-+]?\d+)?$/i;
function is_letter(string) {
return (string >= 'a' && string <= 'z\uffff') ||
(string >= 'A' && string <= 'Z\uffff');
}
function supplant(string, object) {
return string.replace(rx_supplant, function (found, filling) {
var replacement = object[filling];
return replacement !== undefined
? replacement
: found;
});
}
var anon = "anonymous", // The guessed name for anonymous functions.
blockage, // The current block.
block_stack, // The stack of blocks.
declared_globals, // The object containing the global declarations.
directive_mode, // true if directives are still allowed.
early_stop, // true if JSLint cannot finish.
export_mode, // true if an export statement was seen.
fudge, // true if the natural numbers start with 1.
functionage, // The current function.
functions, // The array containing all of the functions.
global, // The global object, the outermost context.
imports, // The array collecting all import-from strings.
json_mode, // true if parsing JSON.
lines, // The array containing source lines.
module_mode, // true if import or export was used.
next_token, // The next token to be examined in the parse.
option, // The options parameter.
property, // The object containing the tallied property names.
mega_mode, // true if currently parsing a megastring literal.
stack, // The stack of functions.
syntax, // The object containing the parser.
token, // The current token being examined in the parse.
token_nr, // The number of the next token.
tokens, // The array of tokens.
tenure, // The predefined property registry.
tree, // The abstract parse tree.
var_mode, // true if using var, false if using let.
warnings; // The array collecting all generated warnings.
// Error reportage functions:
function artifact(the_token) {
// Return a string representing an artifact.
if (the_token === undefined) {
the_token = next_token;
}
return the_token.id === '(string)' || the_token.id === '(number)'
? String(the_token.value)
: the_token.id;
}
function artifact_line(the_token) {
// Return the fudged line number of an artifact.
if (the_token === undefined) {
the_token = next_token;
}
return the_token.line + fudge;
}
function artifact_column(the_token) {
// Return the fudged column number of an artifact.
if (the_token === undefined) {
the_token = next_token;
}
return the_token.from + fudge;
}
function warn_at(code, line, column, a, b, c, d) {
// Report an error at some line and column of the program. The warning object
// resembles an exception.
var warning = { // ~~
name: 'JSLintError',
column: column,
line: line,
code: code
};
if (a !== undefined) {
warning.a = a;
}
if (b !== undefined) {
warning.b = b;
}
if (c !== undefined) {
warning.c = c;
}
if (d !== undefined) {
warning.d = d;
}
warning.message = supplant(bundle[code] || code, warning);
warnings.push(warning);
return warnings.length === option.maxerr
? stop_at('too_many', line, column)
: warning;
}
function stop_at(code, line, column, a, b, c, d) {
// Same as warn_at, except that it stops the analysis.
warn_at(code, line, column, a, b, c, d);
throw warn_at('stopping', line, column);
}
function warn(code, the_token, a, b, c, d) {
// Same as warn_at, except the warning will be associated with a specific token.
// If there is already a warning on this token, suppress the new one. It is
// likely that the first warning will be the most meaningful.
if (the_token === undefined) {
the_token = next_token;
}
if (the_token.warning === undefined) {
the_token.warning = warn_at(
code,
the_token.line,
the_token.from,
a || artifact(the_token),
b,
c,
d
);
return the_token.warning;
}
}
function stop(code, the_token, a, b, c, d) {
// Similar to warn and stop_at. If the token already had a warning, that
// warning will be replaced with this new one. It is likely that the stopping
// warning will be the most meaningful.
if (the_token === undefined) {
the_token = next_token;
}
the_token.warning = undefined;
warn(code, the_token, a, b, c, d);
the_token.warning = undefined;
throw warn('stopping', the_token, a, b, c, d);
}
// Tokenize:
function tokenize(source) {
// tokenize takes a source and produces from it an array of token objects.
// JavaScript is notoriously difficult to tokenize because of the horrible
// interactions between automatic semicolon insertion, regular expression
// literals, and now magastring literals. JSLint benefits from eliminating
// automatic semicolon insertion and nested megastring literals, which allows
// full tokenization to precede parsing.
// If the source is not an array, then it is split into lines at the
// carriage return/linefeed.
lines = Array.isArray(source)
? source
: source.split(rx_crlf);
tokens = [];
var column = 0, // the column number of the next character
from, // the starting column number of the token
line = -1, // the line number of the next character
previous = global, // the previous token including comments
prior = global, // the previous token excluding comments
mega_from, // the starting column of megastring
mega_line, // the starting line of megastring
rx = option.es6 // the token regexp
? rx_token_es6
: rx_token,
snippet, // a piece of string
source_line; // the current line source string
function next_line() {
// Put the next line of source in source_line. If the line contains tabs,
// replace them with spaces and give a warning. Also warn if the line contains
// unsafe characters or is too damn long.
var at;
column = 0;
line += 1;
source_line = lines[line];
if (source_line !== undefined) {
at = source_line.search(rx_tab);
if (at >= 0) {
if (!option.white) {
warn_at('use_spaces', line, at + 1);
}
source_line = source_line.replace(rx_tab, ' ');
}
at = source_line.search(rx_unsafe);
if (at >= 0) {
warn_at(
'unsafe',
line,
column + at,
'U+' + source_line.charCodeAt(at).toString(16)
);
}
if (option.maxlen && option.maxlen < source_line.length) {
warn_at('too_long', line, source_line.length);
}
}
return source_line;
}
function make(id, value, identifier) {
// Make the token object and append it to the tokens list.
var the_token = {
id: id,
identifier: !!identifier,
from: from,
thru: column,
line: line
};
tokens.push(the_token);
// Directives must appear before the first statement.
if (id !== '(comment)') {
directive_mode = false;
}
// If the token is to have a value, give it one.
if (value !== undefined) {
the_token.value = value;
}
// If this token is an identifier that touches a preceding number, or
// a '/', comment, or regular expression literal that touches a preceding
// comment or regular expression literal, then give a missing space warning.
// This warning is not suppressed by option.white.
if (
previous.line === line &&
previous.thru === from &&
(
(
previous.id === '(number)' &&
(identifier || id === '(number)' || id === '.')
) ||
(
(
id === '(comment)' ||
id === '(regexp)' ||
id === '/'
) &&
(
previous.id === '(comment)' ||
previous.id === '(regexp)'
)
)
)
) {
warn(
'expected_space_a_b',
the_token,
artifact(previous),
artifact(the_token)
);
}
if (prior.id === '.' && the_token.identifier) {
the_token.dot = true;
}
// The previous token is used to detect adjacency problems.
previous = the_token;
// The prior token is a previous token that was not a comment. The prior token
// is used to disambiguate '/', which can mean division or regular expression
// literal.
if (previous.id !== '(comment)') {
prior = previous;
}
return the_token;
}
function directive(the_comment, body) {
// JSLint recognizes three directives that can be encoded in comments. This
// function processes one item, and calls itself recursively to process the
// next one.
var result = body.match(rx_directive_part);
if (result) {
var allowed,
name = result[1],
value = result[2];
switch (the_comment.directive) {
case 'jslint':
allowed = allowed_option[name];
switch (typeof allowed) {
case 'boolean':
switch (value) {
case 'true':
case '':
case undefined:
option[name] = true;
break;
case 'false':
option[name] = false;
break;
default:
warn('bad_option_a', the_comment, name + ':' + value);
}
break;
case 'number':
if (isFinite(+value)) {
option[name] = +value;
} else {
warn('bad_option_a', the_comment, name + ':' + value);
}
break;
case 'object':
option[name] = true;
populate(declared_globals, allowed, false);
break;
default:
warn('bad_option_a', the_comment, name);
}
break;
case 'property':
if (tenure === undefined) {
tenure = empty();
}
tenure[name] = true;
break;
case 'global':
if (value) {
warn('bad_option_a', the_comment, name + ':' + value);
}
declared_globals[name] = false;
module_mode = the_comment;
break;
}
return directive(the_comment, result[3]);
}
if (body) {
return stop('bad_directive_a', the_comment, body);
}
}
function comment(snippet) {
// Make a comment object. Comments are not allowed in JSON text. Comments can
// include directives and notices of incompletion.
var the_comment = make('(comment)', snippet);
if (json_mode) {
warn('unexpected_comment', the_comment);
}
if (Array.isArray(snippet)) {
snippet = snippet.join(' ');
}
if (!option.devel && rx_todo.test(snippet)) {
warn('todo_comment', the_comment);
}
var result = snippet.match(rx_directive);
if (result) {
if (!directive_mode) {
warn_at('misplaced_directive_a', line, from, result[1]);
} else {
the_comment.directive = result[1];
directive(the_comment, result[2]);
}
}
return the_comment;
}
function regexp() {
// Parse a regular expression literal. Interesting fact: Regular expressions
// cannot be fully parsed by regular expressions. So here we do it the hard way.
var capture = '',
char,
result,
u_mode = false,
value;
function back_char() {
// Back up one character.
if (char !== '') {
source_line = char + source_line;
column -= 1;
}
}
function next_char(match) {
// Get the next character from the source line.
if (match !== undefined && char !== match) {
return stop_at('expected_a_b', line, column, match, char);
}
char = source_line.charAt(0);
if (char !== '') {
column += 1;
source_line = source_line.slice(1);
capture += char;
}
return char;
}
function digit() {
// Match a digit.
if (char >= '0' && char <= '9') {
next_char();
return true;
}
return false;
}
function hexdigit() {
// Match a hexdigit.
if (is_hex(char)) {
next_char();
return true;
}
return false;
}
function escape() {
// Match an escaped character.
if (is_letter(char)) {
var hexes;
switch (char) {
case 'B':
case 'b':
case 'D':
case 'd':
case 'f':
case 'n':
case 'r':
case 'S':
case 's':
case 't':
case 'W':
case 'w':
break;
case 'u':
next_char();
if (char === '{') {
if (!option.es6) {
warn_at('es6', line, column);
}
next_char('{');
u_mode = true;
hexes = count(hexdigit);
if (hexes < 1 || hexes > 5) {
warn_at(
'bad_character_number_a',
line,
column,
capture
);
}
next_char('}');
} else {
if (count(hexdigit) !== 4) {
warn_at(
'bad_character_number_a',
line,
column,
capture
);
}
}
return;
default:
warn_at('unexpected_a', line, column, char);
}
}
if (mega_mode && char === '`') {
warn_at('unexpected_a', line, column, char);
} else if (char === ' ') {
warn_at('expected_a_b', line, column, '\\s', '\\ ');
}
next_char();
}
function quantifier() {
// Match an optional quantifier.
switch (char) {
case '?':
case '*':
case '+':
next_char();
break;
case '{':
next_char('{');
if (count(digit) === 0) {
next_char('0');
}
if (char === ',') {
next_char(',');
count(digit);
}
next_char('}');
break;
default:
return;
}
if (char === '?') {
next_char('?');
}
}
function subklass() {
// Match a character in a class.
switch (char) {
case '\\':
next_char('\\');
escape();
return true;
case '[':
case ']':
case '/':
case '^':
case '-':
case '':
return false;
case '`':
if (mega_mode) {
warn_at('unexpected_a', line, column, '`');
}
next_char();
return true;
case ' ':
warn_at('expected_a_b', line, column, '\\s', ' ');
next_char();
return true;
default:
next_char();
return true;
}
}
function range() {
// Match a range of subclasses.
if (subklass()) {
if (char === '-') {
next_char('-');
if (!subklass()) {
return stop_at('bad_range', line, column, capture);
}
}
return range();
}
}
function klass() {
// Match a class.
if (char === '^') {
next_char('^');
}
range();
next_char(']');
}
function choice() {
function group() {
// Match a group that started with left paren.
if (char === '?') {
next_char('?');
switch (char) {
case ':':
case '=':
case '!':
next_char();
break;
default:
next_char(':');
}
} else if (char === ':') {
warn_at('expected_a_before_b', line, column, '?', ':');
}
choice();
next_char(')');
}
function factor() {
switch (char) {
case '[':
next_char('[');
klass();
return true;
case '\\':
next_char('\\');
escape();
return true;
case '(':
next_char('(');
group();
return true;
case '/':
case '|':
case ']':
case ')':
case '}':
case '{':
case '?':
case '+':
case '*':
case '':
return false;
case '`':
if (mega_mode) {
warn_at('unexpected_a', line, column, '`');
}
next_char();
return true;
case ' ':
warn_at('expected_a_b', line, column, '\\s', ' ');
next_char();
return true;
default:
next_char();
return true;
}
}
function sequence(follow) {
if (factor()) {
quantifier();
return sequence(true);
}
if (!follow) {
warn_at('expected_regexp_factor_a', line, column, char);
}
}
// Match a choice (a sequence that can be followed by | and another choice).
sequence();
if (char === '|') {
next_char('|');
return choice();
}
}
// Scan the regexp literal. Give a warning if the first character is = because
// /= looks like a division assignment operator.
next_char();
if (char === '=') {
warn_at('expected_a_before_b', line, column, '\\', '=');
}
choice();
// Make sure there is a closing slash.
value = capture.slice(0, -1);
next_char('/');
// Process dangling flag letters.
var allowed = {
g: true,
i: true,
m: true,
u: u_mode,
y: option.es6
},
flag = empty();
(function make_flag() {
if (is_letter(char)) {
if (allowed[char] !== true) {
warn_at('unexpected_a', line, column, char);
}
allowed[char] = false;
flag[char] = true;
next_char();
return make_flag();
}
}());
if (u_mode && !flag.u) {
warn_at('expected_a_before_b', line, column, 'u', char);
}
back_char();
if (char === '/' || char === '*') {
return stop_at('unexpected_a', line, from, char);
}
result = make('(regexp)', char);
result.flag = flag;
result.value = value;
return result;
}
function string(quote) {
// Make a string token.
var at = 0,
oops = false,
the_token;
function hexdigit(optional) {
if (is_hex(source_line[at])) {
at += 1;
} else {
if (!oops && !optional) {
warn_at('expected_hex_a', line, column + at, source_line[at]);
}
oops = true;
}
}
return (function next() {
switch (source_line[at]) {
case quote:
snippet = source_line.slice(0, at);
at += 1;
column += at + 1;
source_line = source_line.slice(at);
the_token = make('(string)', snippet);
the_token.quote = quote;
return the_token;
case '\\':
at += 1;
switch (source_line[at]) {
case quote:
case '\\':
case '/':
case 'b':
case 'f':
case 'n':
case 'r':
case 't':
break;
case 'u':
at += 1;
if (source_line[at] === '{') {
at += 1;
if (!option.es6) {
warn_at('es6', line, column + at);
}
hexdigit(false);
hexdigit(true);
hexdigit(true);
hexdigit(true);
hexdigit(true);
if (source_line[at] !== '}') {
stop_at(
'expected_a_b',
line,
column + at,
'}',
source_line[at]
);
}
} else {
hexdigit(false);
hexdigit(false);
hexdigit(false);
hexdigit(false);
at -= 1;
}
break;
case '':
case undefined:
return stop_at('unclosed_string', line, column);
default:
warn_at('unexpected_a', line, column + at, source_line[at]);
return next();
}
break;
case '':
case undefined:
return stop_at('unclosed_string', line, column);
case '`':
if (mega_mode) {
warn_at('unexpected_a', line, column + at, '`');
}
break;
}
at += 1;
return next();
}());
}
function lex() {
var array,
i,
j,
last,
result,
the_token;
if (!source_line) {
source_line = next_line();
from = 0;
return source_line === undefined
? mega_mode
? stop_at('unclosed_mega', mega_line, mega_from)
: make('(end)')
: lex();
}
from = column;
result = source_line.match(rx);
// result[1] token
// result[2] whitespace
// result[3] identifier
// result[4] number
// result[5] rest
if (!result) {
return stop_at('unexpected_char_a', line, column, source_line.charAt(0));
}
snippet = result[1];
column += snippet.length;
source_line = result[5];
// Whitespace was matched. Call lex again to get more.
if (result[2]) {
return lex();
}
// The token is an identifier.
if (result[3]) {
return make(snippet, undefined, true);
}
// The token is a number.
if (result[4]) {
the_token = make('(number)', snippet);
return the_token;
}
// The token is something miscellaneous.
switch (snippet) {
// The token is a single quote string.
case '\'':
if (json_mode) {
warn_at('unexpected_a', line, column, '\'');
}
return string('\'');
// The token is a double quote string.
case '"':
return string('"');
// The token is a megastring. We don't allow any kind if mega nesting.
case '`':
if (mega_mode) {
return stop_at('expected_a_b', line, column, '}', '`');
}
snippet = '';
mega_from = from;
mega_line = line;
mega_mode = true;
// Parsing a mega literal is tricky. First make a ` token.
make('`');
from += 1;
// Then loop, building up a string, possibly from many lines, until seeing
// the end of file, a closing `, or a ${ indicting an expression within the
// string.
(function part() {
var at = source_line.search(rx_mega);
// If neither ` nor ${ is seen, then the whole line joins the snippet.
if (at < 0) {
snippet += source_line + '\n';
return next_line() === undefined
? stop_at('unclosed_mega', mega_line, mega_from)
: part();
}
// if either ` or ${ was found, then the preceding joins the snippet to become
// a string token.
snippet += source_line.slice(0, at);
column += at;
source_line = source_line.slice(at);
make('(string)', snippet).quote = '`';
snippet = '';
// If ${, then make tokens that will become part of an expression until
// a } token is made.
if (source_line.charAt(0) === '$') {
column += 2;
make('${');
source_line = source_line.slice(2);
(function expr() {
var id = lex().id;
if (id === '{') {
return stop_at(
'expected_a_b',
line,
column,
'}',
'{'
);
}
if (id !== '}') {
return expr();
}
}());
return part();
}
}());
source_line = source_line.slice(1);
column += 1;
mega_mode = false;
return make('`');
// The token is a // comment.
case '//':
snippet = source_line;
source_line = '';
the_token = comment(snippet);
if (mega_mode) {
warn('unexpected_comment', the_token, '`');
}
return the_token;
// The token is a /* comment.
case '/*':
array = [];
if (source_line.charAt(0) === '/') {
warn_at('unexpected_a', line, column + i, '/');
}
(function next() {
if (source_line > '') {
i = source_line.search(rx_star_slash);
if (i >= 0) {
return;
}
j = source_line.search(rx_slash_star);
if (j >= 0) {
warn_at('nested_comment', line, column + j);
}
}
array.push(source_line);
source_line = next_line();
if (source_line === undefined) {
return stop_at('unclosed_comment', line, column);
}
return next();
}());
snippet = source_line.slice(0, i);
j = snippet.search(rx_slash_star_or_slash);
if (j >= 0) {
warn_at('nested_comment', line, column + j);
}
array.push(snippet);
column += i + 2;
source_line = source_line.slice(i + 2);
return comment(array);
// The token is a slash.
case '/':
// The / can be a division operator or the beginning of a regular expression
// literal. It is not possible to know which without doing a complete parse.
// We want to complete the tokenization before we begin to parse, so we will
// estimate. This estimator can fail in some cases. For example, it cannot
// know if '}' is ending a block or ending an object literal, so it can
// behave incorrectly in that case; it is not meaningful to divide an
// object, so it is likely that we can get away with it. We avoided the worst
// cases by eliminating automatic semicolon insertion.
if (prior.identifier) {
if (!prior.dot) {
switch (prior.id) {
case 'return':
return regexp();
case '(begin)':
case 'case':
case 'delete':
case 'in':
case 'instanceof':
case 'new':
case 'typeof':
case 'void':
case 'yield':
the_token = regexp();
return stop('unexpected_a', the_token);
}
}
} else {
last = prior.id.charAt(prior.id.length - 1);
if ('(,=:?['.indexOf(last) >= 0) {
return regexp();
}
if ('!&|{};~+-*%/^<>'.indexOf(last) >= 0) {
the_token = regexp();
warn('wrap_regexp', the_token);
return the_token;
}
}
if (source_line.charAt(0) === '/') {
column += 1;
source_line = source_line.slice(1);
snippet = '/=';
warn_at('unexpected_a', line, column, '/=');
}
break;
}
return make(snippet);
}
// This is the only loop in JSLint. It will turn into a recursive call to lex
// when ES6 has been finished and widely deployed and adopted.
while (true) {
if (lex().id === '(end)') {
break;
}
}
}
// Parsing:
// Parsing weaves the tokens into an abstract syntax tree. During that process,
// a token may be given any of these properties:
// arity string
// label identifier
// name identifier
// expression expressions
// block statements
// else statements (else, default, catch)
// Specialized tokens may have additional properties.
function survey(name) {
var id = name.id;
// Tally the property name. If it is a string, only tally strings that conform
// to the identifier rules.
if (id === '(string)') {
id = name.value;
if (!rx_identifier.test(id)) {
return id;
}
} else if (!name.identifier) {
return stop('expected_identifier_a', name);
}
// If we have seen this name before, increment its count.
if (typeof property[id] === 'number') {
property[id] += 1;
// If this is the first time seeing this property name, and if there is a
// tenure list, then it must be on the list. Otherwise, it must conform to
// the rules for good property names.
} else {
if (tenure !== undefined) {
if (tenure[id] !== true) {
warn('unregistered_property_a', name);
}
} else {
if (rx_bad_property.test(id)) {
warn('bad_property_a', name);
}
}
property[id] = 1;
}
return id;
}
function dispense() {
// Deliver the next token, skipping the comments.
var cadet = tokens[token_nr];
token_nr += 1;
return cadet.id === '(comment)'
? dispense()
: cadet;
}
function lookahead() {
// Look ahead one token without advancing.
var old_token_nr = token_nr,
cadet = dispense(true);
token_nr = old_token_nr;
return cadet;
}
function advance(id, match) {
// Produce the next token.
// Attempt to give helpful names to anonymous functions.
if (token.identifier && token.id !== 'function') {
anon = token.id;
} else if (token.id === '(string)' && rx_identifier.test(token.value)) {
anon = token.value;
}
// Attempt to match next_token with an expected id.
if (id !== undefined && next_token.id !== id) {
return match === undefined
? stop('expected_a_b', next_token, id, artifact())
: stop(
'expected_a_b_from_c_d',
next_token,
id,
artifact(match),
artifact_line(match),
artifact(next_token)
);
}
// Promote the tokens, skipping comments.
token = next_token;
next_token = dispense();
if (next_token.id === '(end)') {
token_nr -= 1;
}
}
// Parsing of JSON is simple:
function json_value() {
function json_object() {
var brace = next_token,
object = empty();
advance('{');
if (next_token.id !== '}') {
(function next() {
advance('(string)');
if (object[token.value] !== undefined) {
warn('duplicate_a', token);
} else if (token.value === '__proto__') {
warn('bad_property_name_a', token);
} else {
object[token.value] = token;
}
advance(':');
json_value();
if (next_token.id === ',') {
advance(',');
return next();
}
}());
}
advance('}', brace);
}
function json_array() {
var bracket = next_token;
advance('[');
if (next_token.id !== ']') {
(function next() {
json_value();
if (next_token.id === ',') {
advance(',');
return next();
}
}());
}
advance(']', bracket);
}
switch (next_token.id) {
case '{':
json_object();
break;
case '[':
json_array();
break;
case 'true':
case 'false':
case 'null':
case '(number)':
if (!rx_JSON_number.test(next_token.value)) {
warn('unexpected_a');
}
advance();
break;
case '(string)':
advance();
break;
case '-':
advance('-');
advance('(number)');
break;
default:
stop('unexpected_a');
}
}
// Parsing of JavaScript is considerably more complicated:
function enroll(name, role, readonly) {
// Enroll a name into the current function context. The role can be exception,
// label, parameter, or variable. We look for variable redefinition because it
// causes confusion.
var id = name.id;
// Reserved words may not be enrolled.
if (syntax[id] !== undefined && id !== 'ignore') {
warn('reserved_a', name);
} else {
// Has the name been enrolled in an outer context?
var earlier = functionage.context[id];
if (earlier !== undefined) {
if (earlier.role === 'variable' && id === 'ignore') {
warn('unexpected_a', name);
}
if (role !== 'exception' || id !== 'ignore') {
warn(
'redefinition_a_b',
name,
name.id,
earlier.line + fudge
);
}
}
}
// Enroll it.
functionage.context[id] = name;
name.dead = true;
name.function = functionage;
name.init = false;
name.role = role;
name.used = 0;
name.writable = !readonly;
}
function expression(rbp, initial) {
// This is the heart of the Pratt parser. I retained Pratt's nomenclature.
// They are elements of the parsing method called Top Down Operator Precedence.
// nud Null denotation
// led Left denotation
// lbp Left binding power
// rbp Right binding power
// It processes a nud (variable, constant, prefix operator). It will then
// process leds (infix operators) until the bind powers cause it to stop. It
// returns the expression's parse tree.
var left, the_symbol;
// Statements will have already advanced, so advance now only if the token is
// not the first of a statement,
if (!initial) {
advance();
}
the_symbol = syntax[token.id];
if (the_symbol !== undefined && the_symbol.nud !== undefined) {
left = the_symbol.nud();
} else if (token.identifier) {
left = token;
left.arity = 'variable';
} else {
return stop('unexpected_a', token);
}
(function right() {
the_symbol = syntax[next_token.id];
if (
the_symbol !== undefined &&
the_symbol.led !== undefined &&
rbp < the_symbol.lbp
) {
advance();
left = the_symbol.led(left);
return right();
}
}());
return left;
}
function condition() {
// Parse the condition part of a do, if, while.
var the_paren = next_token,
the_value;
the_paren.free = true;
advance('(');
the_value = expression(0);
advance(')');
if (the_value.wrapped === true) {
warn('unexpected_a', the_paren);
}
switch (the_value.id) {
case '~':
case '&':
case '|':
case '^':
case '<<':
case '>>':
case '>>>':
case '+':
case '-':
case '*':
case '/':
case '%':
case 'typeof':
case '(number)':
case '(string)':
warn('unexpected_a', the_value);
break;
}
return the_value;
}
function semicolon() {
// Try to match a semicolon.
if (next_token.id === ';') {
advance(';');
} else {
warn_at(
'expected_a_b',
token.line,
token.thru,
';',
artifact(next_token)
);
}
}
function statement() {
// Parse a statement. Any statement may have a label, but only four statements
// have use for one. A statement can be one of the standard statements, or
// an assignment expression, or an invocation expression.
var first,
the_label,
the_statement,
the_symbol;
advance();
if (token.identifier && next_token.id === ':') {
the_label = token;
if (the_label.id === 'ignore') {
warn('unexpected_a', the_label);
}
advance(':');
switch (next_token.id) {
case 'do':
case 'for':
case 'switch':
case 'while':
enroll(the_label, 'label', true);
the_label.init = true;
the_statement = statement();
the_statement.label = the_label;
the_statement.statement = true;
return the_statement;
default:
advance();
warn('unexpected_label_a', the_label);
}
}
// Parse the statement.
first = token;
first.statement = true;
the_symbol = syntax[first.id];
if (the_symbol !== undefined && the_symbol.fud !== undefined) {
the_symbol.disrupt = false;
the_symbol.statement = true;
return the_symbol.fud();
}
// It is an expression statement.
the_statement = expression(0, true);
if (
the_statement.wrapped &&
(
the_statement.id !== '(' ||
the_statement.expression[0].id !== 'function'
)
) {
warn('unexpected_a', first);
}
semicolon();
return the_statement;
}
function statements() {
// Parse a list of statements. Give a warning if an unreachable statement
// follows a disruptive statement.
var array = [];
(function next(disrupt) {
var a_statement;
switch (next_token.id) {
case '}':
case 'case':
case 'default':
case 'else':
case '(end)':
break;
default:
a_statement = statement();
array.push(a_statement);
if (disrupt) {
warn('unreachable_a', a_statement);
}
return next(a_statement.disrupt);
}
}(false));
return array;
}
function not_top_level(thing) {
// Some features should not be at the outermost level.
if (functionage === global) {
warn('unexpected_at_top_level_a', thing);
}
}
function top_level_only(the_thing) {
// Some features must be at the most outermost level.
if (blockage !== global) {
warn('misplaced_a', the_thing);
}
}
function block(special) {
// Parse a block, a sequence of statements wrapped in braces.
// special 'body' The block is a function body.
// 'ignore' No warning on an empty block.
// 'naked' No advance.
// undefined Not special.
var stmts, the_block;
if (special !== 'naked') {
advance('{');
}
the_block = token;
the_block.arity = 'statement';
the_block.body = special === 'body';
// All top level function bodies should include the 'use strict' pragma unless
// the whole file is strict.
if (the_block.body && stack.length <= 1 && !global.strict) {
if (
next_token.id === '(string)' ||
next_token.value === 'use strict'
) {
next_token.statement = true;
functionage.strict = true;
advance('(string)');
advance(';');
} else {
warn(
'expected_a_before_b',
next_token,
next_token.id === '`'
? '\''
: 'use strict',
artifact(next_token)
);
}
}
stmts = statements();
the_block.block = stmts;
if (stmts.length === 0) {
if (!option.devel && special !== 'ignore') {
warn('empty_block', the_block);
}
the_block.disrupt = false;
} else {
the_block.disrupt = stmts[stmts.length - 1].disrupt;
}
advance('}');
return the_block;
}
function mutation_check(the_thing) {
// The only expressions that may be assigned to are
// e.b
// e[b]
// v
if (
the_thing.id !== '.' &&
(the_thing.id !== '[' || the_thing.arity !== 'binary') &&
the_thing.arity !== 'variable'
) {
warn('bad_assignment_a', the_thing);
return false;
}
return true;
}
function left_check(left, right) {
// Warn if the left is not one of these:
// e.b
// e[b]
// e()
// identifier
var id = left.id;
if (
!left.identifier &&
(
left.arity !== 'binary' ||
(id !== '.' && id !== '(' && id !== '[')
)
) {
warn('unexpected_a', right);
return false;
}
return true;
}
// These functions are used to specify the grammar of our language:
function symbol(id, bp) {
// Make a symbol if it does not already exist in the language's syntax.
var the_symbol = syntax[id];
if (the_symbol === undefined) {
the_symbol = empty();
the_symbol.id = id;
the_symbol.lbp = bp || 0;
syntax[id] = the_symbol;
}
return the_symbol;
}
function assignment(id) {
// Make an assignment operator. The one true assignment is different because
// its left side, when it is a variable, is not treated as an expression.
// That case is special because that is when a variable gets initialized. The
// other assignment operators can modify, but they cannot initialize.
var the_symbol = symbol(id, 20);
the_symbol.led = function (left) {
var the_token = token,
right;
the_token.arity = 'assignment';
right = expression(20 - 1);
if (id === '=' && left.arity === 'variable') {
the_token.names = left;
the_token.expression = right;
} else {
the_token.expression = [left, right];
}
switch (right.arity) {
case 'assignment':
case 'pre':
case 'post':
warn('unexpected_a', right);
break;
}
if (
option.es6 &&
left.arity === 'unary' &&
(left.id === '[' || left.id === '{')
) {
warn('expected_a_before_b', left, 'const', left.id);
} else {
mutation_check(left);
}
return the_token;
};
return the_symbol;
}
function constant(id, type, value) {
// Make a constant symbol.
var the_symbol = symbol(id);
the_symbol.nud = typeof value === 'function'
? value
: function () {
if (value !== undefined) {
token.value = value;
}
return token;
};
the_symbol.type = type;
the_symbol.value = value;
return the_symbol;
}
function infix(id, bp, f) {
// Make an infix operator.
var the_symbol = symbol(id, bp);
the_symbol.led = function (left) {
var the_token = token;
the_token.arity = 'binary';
if (f !== undefined) {
return f(left);
}
the_token.expression = [left, expression(bp)];
return the_token;
};
return the_symbol;
}
function post(id) {
// Make one of the post operators.
var the_symbol = symbol(id, 150);
the_symbol.led = function (left) {
token.expression = left;
token.arity = 'post';
mutation_check(token.expression);
return token;
};
return the_symbol;
}
function pre(id) {
// Make one of the pre operators.
var the_symbol = symbol(id);
the_symbol.nud = function () {
var the_token = token;
the_token.arity = 'pre';
the_token.expression = expression(150);
mutation_check(the_token.expression);
return the_token;
};
return the_symbol;
}
function prefix(id, f) {
// Make a prefix operator.
var the_symbol = symbol(id);
the_symbol.nud = function () {
var the_token = token;
the_token.arity = 'unary';
if (typeof f === 'function') {
return f();
}
the_token.expression = expression(150);
return the_token;
};
return the_symbol;
}
function stmt(id, f) {
// Make a statement.
var the_symbol = symbol(id);
the_symbol.fud = function () {
token.arity = 'statement';
return f();
};
return the_symbol;
}
function ternary(id1, id2) {
// Make a ternary operator.
var the_symbol = symbol(id1, 30);
the_symbol.led = function (left) {
var the_token = token,
second = expression(20);
advance(id2);
token.arity = 'ternary';
the_token.arity = 'ternary';
the_token.expression = [left, second, expression(10)];
return the_token;
};
return the_symbol;
}
// Begin defining the language.
syntax = empty();
symbol('}');
symbol(')');
symbol(']');
symbol(',');
symbol(';');
symbol(':');
symbol('*/');
symbol('await');
symbol('case');
symbol('catch');
symbol('class');
symbol('default');
symbol('else');
symbol('enum');
symbol('finally');
symbol('implements');
symbol('interface');
symbol('package');
symbol('private');
symbol('protected');
symbol('public');
symbol('static');
symbol('super');
symbol('void');
symbol('with');
symbol('yield');
constant('(number)', 'number');
constant('(regexp)', 'regexp');
constant('(string)', 'string');
constant('arguments', 'object', function () {
warn('unexpected_a', token);
return token;
});
constant('eval', 'function', function () {
if (!option.eval) {
warn('unexpected_a', token);
} else if (next_token.id !== '(') {
warn('expected_a_before_b', next_token, '(', artifact());
}
return token;
});
constant('false', 'boolean', false);
constant('ignore', 'undefined', function () {
warn('unexpected_a', token);
return token;
});
constant('Infinity', 'number', Infinity);
constant('NaN', 'number', NaN);
constant('null', 'null', null);
constant('this', 'object', function () {
if (!option.this) {
warn('unexpected_a', token);
}
return token;
});
constant('true', 'boolean', true);
constant('undefined', 'undefined', undefined);
assignment('=');
assignment('+=');
assignment('-=');
assignment('*=');
assignment('/=');
assignment('%=');
assignment('&=');
assignment('|=');
assignment('^=');
assignment('<<=');
assignment('>>=');
assignment('>>>=');
infix('||', 40);
infix('&&', 50);
infix('|', 70);
infix('^', 80);
infix('&', 90);
infix('==', 100);
infix('===', 100);
infix('!=', 100);
infix('!==', 100);
infix('<', 110);
infix('>', 110);
infix('<=', 110);
infix('>=', 110);
infix('in', 110);
infix('instanceof', 110);
infix('<<', 120);
infix('>>', 120);
infix('>>>', 120);
infix('+', 130);
infix('-', 130);
infix('*', 140);
infix('/', 140);
infix('%', 140);
infix('(', 160, function (left) {
var the_paren = token,
the_argument;
if (left.id !== 'function') {
left_check(left, the_paren);
}
the_paren.free = false;
the_paren.expression = [left];
if (left.identifier) {
if (left.new) {
if (
left.id.charAt(0) > 'Z' ||
left.id === 'Boolean' ||
left.id === 'Number' ||
left.id === 'String'
) {
warn('unexpected_a', left.new);
} else if (left.id === 'Function') {
if (!option.eval) {
warn('unexpected_a', left, 'new Function');
}
} else if (left.id === 'Array') {
warn('expected_a_b', left, '[]', 'new Array');
} else if (left.id === 'Object') {
warn(
'expected_a_b',
left,
'Object.create(null)',
'new Object'
);
}
} else {
if (
left.id.charAt(0) <= 'Z' &&
left.id !== 'Boolean' &&
left.id !== 'Number' &&
left.id !== 'String'
) {
warn(
'expected_a_before_b',
left,
'new',
artifact(left)
);
}
if (functionage.arity === 'statement') {
functionage.name.calls[left.id] = left;
}
}
}
if (next_token.id !== ')') {
(function next() {
the_argument = expression(10);
the_paren.expression.push(the_argument);
if (next_token.id === ',') {
advance(',');
return next();
}
}());
}
advance(')', the_paren);
if (the_paren.expression.length === 2) {
if (the_argument.wrapped === true) {
warn('unexpected_a', the_paren);
}
if (the_argument.id === '(') {
the_argument.wrapped = true;
}
}
return the_paren;
});
infix('.', 170, function (left) {
var the_token = token,
name = next_token;
if (
(left.id !== '(string)' || name.id !== 'indexOf') &&
(left.id !== '[' || (
name.id !== 'concat' && name.id !== 'forEach'
)) &&
(left.id !== '+' || name.id !== 'slice') &&
(left.id !== '(regexp)' || (
name.id !== 'exec' && name.id !== 'test'
))
) {
left_check(left, the_token);
}
if (!name.identifier) {
stop('expected_identifier_a');
}
advance();
survey(name);
// The property name is not an expression.
the_token.name = name;
the_token.expression = left;
return the_token;
});
infix('[', 170, function (left) {
var the_token = token,
the_subscript = expression(0);
if (
the_subscript.id === '(string)' &&
rx_identifier.test(the_subscript.value)
) {
warn('subscript_a', the_subscript);
survey(the_subscript);
}
left_check(left, the_token);
the_token.expression = [left, the_subscript];
advance(']');
return the_token;
});
infix('=>', 170, function (left) {
return stop('expected_a_before_b', left, '(', artifact(left));
});
function do_tick() {
var the_tick = token;
if (!option.es6) {
warn('es6', the_tick);
}
the_tick.value = [];
the_tick.expression = [];
if (next_token.id !== '`') {
(function part() {
advance('(string)');
the_tick.value.push(token);
if (next_token.id === '${') {
advance('${');
the_tick.expression.push(expression(0));
advance('}');
return part();
}
}());
}
advance('`');
return the_tick;
}
infix('`', 160, function (left) {
var the_tick = do_tick();
left_check(left, the_tick);
the_tick.expression = [left].concat(the_tick.expression);
return the_tick;
});
post('++');
post('--');
pre('++');
pre('--');
prefix('+');
prefix('-');
prefix('~');
prefix('!');
prefix('!!');
prefix('[', function () {
var the_token = token;
the_token.expression = [];
if (next_token.id !== ']') {
(function next() {
the_token.expression.push(expression(10));
if (next_token.id === ',') {
advance(',');
return next();
}
}());
}
advance(']');
return the_token;
});
prefix('=>', function () {
return stop('expected_a_before_b', token, '()', '=>');
});
prefix('new', function () {
var the_new = token;
next_token.new = true;
the_new.expression = expression(150);
if (the_new.expression.id !== '(') {
warn('expected_a_before_b', next_token, '()', artifact(next_token));
}
return the_new;
});
prefix('typeof');
prefix('void', function () {
var the_void = token;
warn('unexpected_a', the_void);
the_void.expression = expression(0);
return the_void;
});
function parameter(list, signature) {
var ellipsis = false,
param;
if (next_token.id === '{') {
if (!option.es6) {
warn('es6');
}
param = next_token;
param.names = [];
advance('{');
signature.push('{');
(function subparameter() {
var subparam = next_token;
if (!subparam.identifier) {
return stop('expected_identifier_a');
}
survey(subparam);
advance();
signature.push(subparam.id);
if (next_token.id === ':') {
advance(':');
advance();
token.label = subparam;
subparam = token;
if (!subparam.identifier) {
return stop('expected_identifier_a');
}
}
param.names.push(subparam);
if (next_token.id === ',') {
advance(',');
signature.push(", ");
return subparameter();
}
}());
list.push(param);
advance('}');
signature.push('}');
if (next_token.id === ',') {
advance(',');
signature.push(", ");
return parameter(list, signature);
}
} else if (next_token.id === '[') {
if (!option.es6) {
warn('es6');
}
param = next_token;
param.names = [];
advance('[');
signature.push("[]");
(function subparameter() {
var subparam = next_token;
if (!subparam.identifier) {
return stop('expected_identifier_a');
}
advance();
param.names.push(subparam);
if (next_token.id === ',') {
advance(',');
return subparameter();
}
}());
list.push(param);
advance(']');
if (next_token.id === ',') {
advance(',');
signature.push(", ");
return parameter(list, signature);
}
} else {
if (next_token.id === '...') {
if (!option.es6) {
warn('es6');
}
ellipsis = true;
signature.push("...");
advance('...');
}
if (!next_token.identifier) {
return stop('expected_identifier_a');
}
param = next_token;
list.push(param);
advance();
signature.push(param.id);
if (ellipsis) {
param.ellipsis = true;
} else {
if (next_token.id === '=') {
if (!option.es6) {
warn('es6');
}
advance('=');
param.expression = expression(0);
}
if (next_token.id === ',') {
advance(',');
signature.push(", ");
return parameter(list, signature);
}
}
}
}
function parameter_list() {
var list = [], signature = ['('];
if (next_token.id !== ')' && next_token.id !== '(end)') {
parameter(list, signature);
}
advance(')');
signature.push(')');
return [list, signature.join('')];
}
function do_function(the_function) {
var name;
if (the_function === undefined) {
the_function = token;
// A function statement must have a name that will be in the parent's scope.
if (the_function.arity === 'statement') {
if (!next_token.identifier) {
return stop('expected_identifier_a', next_token);
}
name = next_token;
enroll(name, 'variable', true);
the_function.name = name;
name.init = true;
name.calls = empty();
advance();
} else if (name === undefined) {
// A function expression may have an optional name.
if (next_token.identifier) {
name = next_token;
the_function.name = name;
advance();
} else {
the_function.name = anon;
}
}
} else {
name = the_function.name;
}
the_function.level = functionage.level + 1;
if (mega_mode) {
warn('unexpected_a', the_function);
}
// Don't make functions in loops. It is inefficient, and it can lead to scoping
// errors.
if (functionage.loop > 0) {
warn('function_in_loop', the_function);
}
// Give the function properties for storing its names and for observing the
// depth of loops and switches.
the_function.context = empty();
the_function.loop = 0;
the_function.switch = 0;
// Push the current function context and establish a new one.
stack.push(functionage);
functions.push(the_function);
functionage = the_function;
if (the_function.arity !== 'statement' && name) {
enroll(name, 'variable', true);
name.dead = false;
name.init = true;
name.used = 1;
}
// Parse the parameter list.
advance('(');
token.free = false;
var pl = parameter_list();
functionage.parameters = pl[0];
functionage.signature = pl[1];
functionage.parameters.forEach(function enroll_parameter(name) {
if (name.identifier) {
enroll(name, 'parameter', false);
} else {
name.names.forEach(enroll_parameter);
}
});
// The function's body is a block.
the_function.block = block('body');
if (the_function.arity === 'statement' && next_token.line === token.line) {
return stop('unexpected_a', next_token);
}
// Restore the previous context.
functionage = stack.pop();
return the_function;
}
prefix('function', do_function);
function fart(pl) {
advance('=>');
var the_arrow = token;
the_arrow.arity = 'binary';
the_arrow.name = "=>";
the_arrow.level = functionage.level + 1;
functions.push(the_arrow);
if (functionage.loop > 0) {
warn('function_in_loop', the_arrow);
}
// Give the function properties storing its names and for observing the depth
// of loops and switches.
the_arrow.context = empty();
the_arrow.loop = 0;
the_arrow.switch = 0;
// Push the current function context and establish a new one.
stack.push(functionage);
functionage = the_arrow;
the_arrow.parameters = pl[0];
the_arrow.signature = pl[1];
the_arrow.parameters.forEach(function (name) {
enroll(name, 'parameter', true);
});
if (!option.es6) {
warn('es6', the_arrow);
}
if (next_token.id === '{') {
warn('expected_a_b', the_arrow, "function", "=>");
the_arrow.block = block('body');
} else {
the_arrow.expression = expression(0);
}
functionage = stack.pop();
return the_arrow;
}
prefix('(', function () {
var the_paren = token,
the_value,
cadet = lookahead().id;
// We can distinguish between a parameter list for => and a wrapped expression
// with one token of lookahead.
if (
next_token.id === ')' ||
next_token.id === '...' ||
(next_token.identifier && (cadet === ',' || cadet === '='))
) {
the_paren.free = false;
return fart(parameter_list());
}
the_paren.free = true;
the_value = expression(0);
if (the_value.wrapped === true) {
warn('unexpected_a', the_paren);
}
the_value.wrapped = true;
advance(')', the_paren);
if (next_token.id === "=>") {
if (the_value.arity !== 'variable') {
return stop('expected_identifier_a', the_value);
}
the_paren.expression = [the_value];
return fart([the_paren.expression, "(" + the_value.id + ")"]);
}
return the_value;
});
prefix('`', do_tick);
prefix('{', function () {
var the_brace = token,
seen = empty();
the_brace.expression = [];
if (next_token.id !== '}') {
(function member() {
var extra = true,
id,
name = next_token,
value;
advance();
if (
(name.id === 'get' || name.id === 'set') &&
next_token.identifier
) {
extra = name.id;
name = next_token;
advance();
}
id = survey(name);
if (seen[id] === true) {
warn('duplicate_a', name);
} else if (seen[id] === 'get' && extra !== 'set') {
warn('expected_a_before_b', name, 'set', artifact(name));
}
seen[id] = extra === 'get'
? 'get'
: true;
if (name.identifier) {
switch (next_token.id) {
case '}':
case ',':
if (!option.es6) {
warn('es6');
} else if (extra !== true) {
advance(':');
}
name.arity = 'variable';
value = name;
break;
case '(':
if (!option.es6) {
warn('es6');
}
value = do_function({
arity: 'unary',
from: name.from,
id: 'function',
line: name.line,
name: name,
thru: name.from
}, name);
break;
default:
advance(':');
value = expression(0);
}
value.label = name;
if (typeof extra === 'string') {
value.extra = extra;
}
the_brace.expression.push(value);
} else {
advance(':');
value = expression(0);
value.label = name;
the_brace.expression.push(value);
}
if (next_token.id === ',') {
advance(',');
return member();
}
}());
}
advance('}');
return the_brace;
});
stmt(';', function () {
warn('unexpected_a', token);
return token;
});
stmt('{', function () {
warn('naked_block', token);
return block('naked');
});
stmt('break', function () {
var the_break = token,
the_label;
if (functionage.loop < 1 && functionage.switch < 1) {
warn('unexpected_a', the_break);
}
the_break.disrupt = true;
if (next_token.identifier && token.line === next_token.line) {
the_label = functionage.context[next_token.id];
if (
the_label === undefined ||
the_label.role !== 'label' ||
the_label.dead
) {
warn(the_label !== undefined && the_label.dead
? 'out_of_scope_a'
: 'not_label_a');
} else {
the_label.used += 1;
}
the_break.label = next_token;
advance();
}
advance(';');
return the_break;
});
function do_var() {
var the_statement = token,
is_const = the_statement.id === 'const';
the_statement.names = [];
// A program may use var or let, but not both, and let and const require
// option.es6.
if (is_const) {
if (!option.es6) {
warn('es6', the_statement);
}
} else if (var_mode === undefined) {
var_mode = the_statement.id;
if (!option.es6 && var_mode !== 'var') {
warn('es6', the_statement);
}
} else if (the_statement.id !== var_mode) {
warn(
'expected_a_b',
the_statement,
var_mode,
the_statement.id
);
}
// We don't expect to see variables created in switch statements.
if (functionage.switch > 0) {
warn('var_switch', the_statement);
}
if (functionage.loop > 0 && the_statement.id === 'var') {
warn('var_loop', the_statement);
}
(function next() {
if (next_token.id === '{' && the_statement.id !== 'var') {
var the_brace = next_token;
the_brace.names = [];
advance('{');
(function pair() {
if (!next_token.identifier) {
return stop('expected_identifier_a', next_token);
}
var name = next_token;
survey(name);
advance();
if (next_token.id === ':') {
advance(':');
if (!next_token.identifier) {
return stop('expected_identifier_a', next_token);
}
next_token.label = name;
the_brace.names.push(next_token);
enroll(next_token, 'variable', is_const);
advance();
} else {
the_brace.names.push(name);
enroll(name, 'variable', is_const);
}
if (next_token.id === ',') {
advance(',');
return pair();
}
}());
advance('}');
advance('=');
the_brace.expression = expression(0);
the_statement.names.push(the_brace);
} else if (next_token.id === '[' && the_statement.id !== 'var') {
var the_bracket = next_token;
the_bracket.names = [];
advance('[');
(function element() {
var ellipsis;
if (next_token.id === '...') {
ellipsis = true;
advance('...');
}
if (!next_token.identifier) {
return stop('expected_identifier_a', next_token);
}
var name = next_token;
advance();
the_bracket.names.push(name);
enroll(name, 'variable', the_statement.id === 'const');
if (ellipsis) {
name.ellipsis = true;
} else if (next_token.id === ',') {
advance(',');
return element();
}
}());
advance(']');
advance('=');
the_bracket.expression = expression(0);
the_statement.names.push(the_bracket);
} else if (next_token.identifier) {
var name = next_token;
advance();
if (name.id === 'ignore') {
warn('unexpected_a', name);
}
enroll(name, 'variable', is_const);
if (next_token.id === '=' || is_const) {
advance('=');
name.expression = expression(0);
name.init = true;
}
the_statement.names.push(name);
} else {
return stop('expected_identifier_a', next_token);
}
if (next_token.id === ',') {
advance(',');
return next();
}
}());
the_statement.open =
the_statement.names.length > 1 &&
the_statement.line !== the_statement.names[1].line;
semicolon();
return the_statement;
}
stmt('const', do_var);
stmt('continue', function () {
var the_continue = token;
if (functionage.loop < 1) {
warn('unexpected_a', the_continue);
}
not_top_level(the_continue);
the_continue.disrupt = true;
warn('unexpected_a', the_continue);
advance(';');
return the_continue;
});
stmt('debugger', function () {
var the_debug = token;
if (!option.devel) {
warn('unexpected_a', the_debug);
}
semicolon();
return the_debug;
});
stmt('delete', function () {
var the_token = token,
the_value = expression(0);
if (
(the_value.id !== '.' && the_value.id !== '[') ||
the_value.arity !== 'binary'
) {
stop('expected_a_b', the_value, '.', artifact(the_value));
}
the_token.expression = the_value;
semicolon();
return the_token;
});
stmt('do', function () {
var the_do = token;
not_top_level(the_do);
functionage.loop += 1;
the_do.block = block();
advance('while');
the_do.expression = condition();
semicolon();
if (the_do.block.disrupt === true) {
warn('weird_loop', the_do);
}
functionage.loop -= 1;
return the_do;
});
stmt('export', function () {
var the_export = token;
if (export_mode) {
warn('es6', the_export);
}
if (!option.es6) {
warn('es6', the_export);
}
if (typeof module_mode === 'object') {
warn('unexpected_directive_a', module_mode, module_mode.directive);
}
module_mode = true;
advance('default');
the_export.expression = expression(0);
semicolon();
return the_export;
});
stmt('for', function () {
var first,
the_for = token;
if (!option.for) {
warn('unexpected_a', the_for);
}
not_top_level(the_for);
functionage.loop += 1;
advance('(');
token.free = true;
if (next_token.id === ';') {
return stop('expected_a_b', the_for, 'while (', 'for (;');
}
first = expression(0);
if (first.id === 'in') {
if (first.expression[0].arity !== 'variable') {
warn('bad_assignment_a', first.expression[0]);
}
the_for.name = first.expression[0];
the_for.expression = first.expression[1];
warn('expected_a_b', the_for, 'Object.keys', 'for in');
} else {
the_for.initial = first;
advance(';');
the_for.expression = expression(0);
advance(';');
the_for.inc = expression(0);
if (the_for.inc.id === '++') {
warn('expected_a_b', the_for.inc, '+= 1', '++');
}
}
advance(')');
the_for.block = block();
if (the_for.block.disrupt === true) {
warn('weird_loop', the_for);
}
functionage.loop -= 1;
return the_for;
});
stmt('function', do_function);
stmt('if', function () {
var the_else,
the_if = token;
the_if.expression = condition();
the_if.block = block();
if (next_token.id === 'else') {
advance('else');
the_else = token;
the_if.else = next_token.id === 'if'
? statement()
: block();
if (the_if.block.disrupt === true) {
if (the_if.else.disrupt === true) {
the_if.disrupt = true;
} else {
warn('unexpected_a', the_else);
}
}
}
return the_if;
});
stmt('import', function () {
var the_import = token;
if (!option.es6) {
warn('es6', the_import);
} else if (typeof module_mode === 'object') {
warn('unexpected_directive_a', module_mode, module_mode.directive);
}
module_mode = true;
if (!next_token.identifier) {
return stop('expected_identifier_a');
}
var name = next_token;
advance();
if (name.id === 'ignore') {
warn('unexpected_a', name);
}
enroll(name, 'variable', true);
advance('from');
advance('(string)');
the_import.import = token;
the_import.name = name;
if (!rx_identifier.test(token.value)) {
warn('bad_module_name_a', token);
}
imports.push(token.value);
semicolon();
return the_import;
});
stmt('let', do_var);
stmt('return', function () {
var the_return = token;
not_top_level(the_return);
the_return.disrupt = true;
not_top_level();
if (next_token.id !== ';' && the_return.line === next_token.line) {
the_return.expression = expression(10);
}
advance(';');
return the_return;
});
stmt('switch', function () {
var stmts,
the_cases = [],
the_switch = token;
not_top_level(the_switch);
functionage.switch += 1;
advance('(');
token.free = true;
the_switch.expression = expression(0);
the_switch.block = the_cases;
advance(')');
advance('{');
(function major() {
var the_case = next_token;
the_case.arity = 'statement';
the_case.expression = [];
(function minor() {
advance('case');
token.switch = true;
the_case.expression.push(expression(0));
advance(':');
if (next_token.id === 'case') {
return minor();
}
}());
stmts = statements();
the_case.block = stmts;
the_cases.push(the_case);
if (!stmts[stmts.length - 1].disrupt) {
warn(
'expected_a_before_b',
next_token,
'break;',
artifact(next_token)
);
}
if (next_token.id === 'case') {
return major();
}
}());
if (next_token.id === 'default') {
advance('default');
token.switch = true;
advance(':');
the_switch.else = statements();
}
advance('}', the_switch);
functionage.switch -= 1;
return the_switch;
});
stmt('throw', function () {
var the_throw = token;
the_throw.disrupt = true;
the_throw.expression = expression(10);
semicolon();
return the_throw;
});
stmt('try', function () {
var the_try = token,
the_catch;
the_try.block = block();
if (next_token.id === 'catch') {
var ignored = 'ignore';
the_catch = next_token;
the_try.catch = the_catch;
advance('catch');
advance('(');
if (!next_token.identifier) {
return stop('expected_identifier_a', next_token);
}
if (next_token.id !== 'ignore') {
ignored = undefined;
the_catch.name = next_token;
enroll(next_token, 'exception', true);
}
advance();
advance(')');
the_catch.block = block(ignored);
}
if (next_token.id === 'finally') {
advance('finally');
the_try.else = block();
}
return the_try;
});
stmt('var', do_var);
stmt('while', function () {
var the_while = token;
not_top_level(the_while);
functionage.loop += 1;
the_while.expression = condition();
the_while.block = block();
if (the_while.block.disrupt === true) {
warn('weird_loop', the_while);
}
functionage.loop -= 1;
return the_while;
});
ternary('?', ':');
// Ambulation of the parse tree.
function action(when) {
// Produce a function that will register task functions that will be called as
// the tree is traversed.
return function (arity, id, task) {
var a_set = when[arity],
i_set;
// The id parameter is optional. If excluded, the task will be applied to all
// ids.
if (typeof id !== 'string') {
task = id;
id = '(all)';
}
// If this arity has no registrations yet, then create a set object to hold
// them.
if (a_set === undefined) {
a_set = empty();
when[arity] = a_set;
}
// If this id has no registrations yet, then create a set array to hold them.
i_set = a_set[id];
if (i_set === undefined) {
i_set = [];
a_set[id] = i_set;
}
// Register the task with the arity and the id.
i_set.push(task);
};
}
function amble(when) {
// Produce a function that will act on the tasks registered by an action
// function while walking the tree.
return function (the_token) {
// Given a task set that was built by an action function, run all of the
// relevant tasks on the token.
var a_set = when[the_token.arity],
i_set;
// If there are tasks associated with the token's arity...
if (a_set !== undefined) {
// If there are tasks associated with the token's id...
i_set = a_set[the_token.id];
if (i_set !== undefined) {
i_set.forEach(function (task) {
return task(the_token);
});
}
// If there are tasks for all ids.
i_set = a_set['(all)'];
if (i_set !== undefined) {
i_set.forEach(function (task) {
return task(the_token);
});
}
}
};
}
var posts = empty(),
pres = empty(),
preaction = action(pres),
postaction = action(posts),
preamble = amble(pres),
postamble = amble(posts);
function walk_expression(thing) {
if (thing) {
if (Array.isArray(thing)) {
thing.forEach(walk_expression);
} else {
preamble(thing);
walk_expression(thing.expression);
if (thing.id === 'function') {
walk_statement(thing.block);
}
switch (thing.arity) {
case 'post':
case 'pre':
warn('unexpected_expression_a', thing);
break;
case 'statement':
case 'assignment':
warn('unexpected_statement_a', thing);
break;
}
postamble(thing);
}
}
}
function walk_statement(thing) {
if (thing) {
if (Array.isArray(thing)) {
thing.forEach(walk_statement);
} else {
preamble(thing);
walk_expression(thing.expression);
switch (thing.arity) {
case 'statement':
case 'assignment':
break;
case 'binary':
if (thing.id !== '(') {
warn('unexpected_expression_a', thing);
}
break;
default:
warn('unexpected_expression_a', thing);
}
walk_statement(thing.block);
walk_statement(thing.else);
postamble(thing);
}
}
}
function lookup(thing) {
if (thing.arity === 'variable') {
// Look up the variable in the current context.
var the_variable = functionage.context[thing.id];
// If it isn't local, search all the other contexts. If there are name
// collisions, take the most recent.
if (the_variable === undefined) {
stack.forEach(function (outer) {
var a_variable = outer.context[thing.id];
if (
a_variable !== undefined &&
a_variable.role !== 'label'
) {
the_variable = a_variable;
}
});
// If it isn't in any of those either, perhaps it is a predefined global.
// If so, add it to the global context.
if (the_variable === undefined) {
if (declared_globals[thing.id] === undefined) {
warn('undeclared_a', thing);
return;
}
the_variable = {
dead: false,
function: global,
id: thing.id,
init: true,
role: 'variable',
used: 0,
writable: false
};
global.context[thing.id] = the_variable;
}
the_variable.closure = true;
functionage.context[thing.id] = the_variable;
} else if (the_variable.role === 'label') {
warn('label_a', thing);
}
if (the_variable.dead && the_variable.function === functionage) {
warn('out_of_scope_a', thing);
}
return the_variable;
}
}
function preaction_function(thing) {
if (thing.arity === 'statement' && blockage.body !== true) {
warn('unexpected_a', thing);
}
stack.push(functionage);
block_stack.push(blockage);
functionage = thing;
blockage = thing;
thing.live = [];
if (typeof thing.name === 'object') {
thing.name.dead = false;
thing.name.init = true;
}
switch (thing.extra) {
case 'get':
if (thing.parameters.length !== 0) {
warn('bad_get', thing);
}
break;
case 'set':
if (thing.parameters.length !== 1) {
warn('bad_set', thing);
}
break;
}
thing.parameters.forEach(function (name) {
walk_expression(name.expression);
if (name.id === '{' || name.id === '[') {
name.names.forEach(subactivate);
} else {
name.dead = false;
name.init = true;
}
});
}
function bitwise_check(thing) {
if (!option.bitwise && bitwiseop[thing.id] === true) {
warn('unexpected_a', thing);
}
}
function pop_block() {
blockage.live.forEach(function (name) {
name.dead = true;
});
delete blockage.live;
blockage = block_stack.pop();
}
function subactivate(name) {
name.init = true;
name.dead = false;
blockage.live.push(name);
}
function activate(name) {
if (name.expression !== undefined) {
walk_expression(name.expression);
if (name.id === '{' || name.id === '[') {
name.names.forEach(subactivate);
} else {
name.init = true;
}
}
name.dead = false;
blockage.live.push(name);
}
function action_var(thing) {
thing.names.forEach(activate);
}
preaction('assignment', bitwise_check);
preaction('binary', bitwise_check);
preaction('binary', function (thing) {
if (relationop[thing.id] === true) {
if (
thing.expression[0].id === 'NaN' ||
thing.expression[1].id === 'NaN'
) {
warn('isNaN', thing);
} else if (thing.expression[0].id === 'typeof') {
if (thing.expression[1].id !== '(string)') {
warn('expected_string_a', expression[1]);
} else {
var value = thing.expression[1].value;
if (value === 'symbol') {
if (!option.es6) {
warn('es6', thing.expression[1], value);
}
} else if (value === 'null' || value === 'undefined') {
warn('unexpected_typeof_a', thing.expression[1], value);
} else if (
value !== 'boolean' &&
value !== 'function' &&
value !== 'number' &&
value !== 'object' &&
value !== 'string'
) {
warn('expected_type_string_a', expression[1], value);
}
}
}
}
});
preaction('binary', '==', function (thing) {
warn('expected_a_b', thing, '===', '==');
});
preaction('binary', '!=', function (thing) {
warn('expected_a_b', thing, '!==', '!=');
});
preaction('binary', '=>', preaction_function);
preaction('binary', '||', function (thing) {
thing.expression.forEach(function (thang) {
if (thang.id === '&&' && !thang.wrapped) {
warn('and', thang);
}
});
});
preaction('binary', '(', function (thing) {
var left = thing.expression[0];
if (
left.identifier &&
functionage.context[left.id] === undefined &&
typeof functionage.name === 'object'
) {
var parent = functionage.name.function;
if (parent) {
var left_variable = parent.context[left.id];
if (
left_variable !== undefined &&
left_variable.dead &&
left_variable.function === parent &&
left_variable.calls !== undefined &&
left_variable.calls[functionage.name.id] !== undefined
) {
left_variable.dead = false;
}
}
}
});
preaction('binary', 'in', function (thing) {
warn('infix_in', thing);
});
preaction('statement', '{', function (thing) {
block_stack.push(blockage);
blockage = thing;
thing.live = [];
});
preaction('statement', 'for', function (thing) {
if (thing.name !== undefined) {
var the_variable = lookup(thing.name);
if (the_variable !== undefined) {
the_variable.init = true;
if (!the_variable.writable) {
warn('bad_assignment_a', thing.name);
}
}
}
walk_statement(thing.initial);
});
preaction('statement', 'function', preaction_function);
preaction('unary', '~', bitwise_check);
preaction('unary', 'function', preaction_function);
preaction('variable', function (thing) {
var the_variable = lookup(thing);
if (the_variable !== undefined) {
thing.variable = the_variable;
the_variable.used += 1;
}
});
function init_variable(name) {
var the_variable = lookup(name);
if (the_variable !== undefined) {
if (the_variable.writable) {
the_variable.init = true;
return;
}
}
warn('bad_assignment_a', name);
}
postaction('assignment', '=', function (thing) {
// Assignment using = sets the init property of a variable. No other assignment
// operator can do this. A = token keeps that variable (or array of variables
// in case of destructuring) in its name property.
if (thing.names !== undefined) {
if (Array.isArray(thing.names)) {
thing.names.forEach(init_variable);
} else {
init_variable(thing.names);
}
}
});
function postaction_function(thing) {
delete functionage.loop;
delete functionage.switch;
functionage = stack.pop();
if (thing.wrapped) {
warn('unexpected_parens', thing);
}
return pop_block();
}
postaction('binary', '=>', postaction_function);
postaction('binary', '(', function (thing) {
if (!thing.wrapped && thing.expression[0].id === 'function') {
warn('wrap_immediate', thing);
}
});
postaction('statement', '{', pop_block);
postaction('statement', 'const', action_var);
postaction('statement', 'export', top_level_only);
postaction('statement', 'for', function (thing) {
walk_statement(thing.inc);
});
postaction('statement', 'function', postaction_function);
postaction('statement', 'import', function (the_thing) {
var name = the_thing.name;
name.init = true;
name.dead = false;
blockage.live.push(name);
return top_level_only(the_thing);
});
postaction('statement', 'let', action_var);
postaction('statement', 'try', function (thing) {
if (thing.catch !== undefined) {
var the_name = thing.catch.name;
if (the_name !== undefined) {
var the_variable = functionage.context[the_name.id];
the_variable.dead = false;
the_variable.init = true;
}
walk_statement(thing.catch.block);
}
});
postaction('statement', 'var', action_var);
postaction('unary', 'function', postaction_function);
function delve(the_function) {
Object.keys(the_function.context).forEach(function (id) {
if (id !== 'ignore') {
var name = the_function.context[id];
if (name.function === the_function) {
if (name.used === 0) {
warn('unused_a', name);
} else if (!name.init) {
warn('uninitialized_a', name);
}
}
}
});
}
function uninitialized_and_unused() {
// Delve into the functions looking for variables that were not initialized
// or used. If the file imports or exports, then its global object is also
// delved.
if (module_mode || option.node) {
delve(global);
}
functions.forEach(delve);
}
// Go through the token list, looking at usage of whitespace.
function whitage() {
var closer = '(end)',
free = false,
left = global,
margin = 0,
nr_comments_skipped = 0,
open = true,
qmark = '',
right;
function at_margin(fit) {
if (right.from !== margin + (fit || 0)) {
warn(
'expected_a_at_b_c',
right,
artifact(right),
margin + (fit || 0),
artifact_column(right)
);
}
}
function expected_at(at) {
warn(
'expected_a_at_b_c',
right,
artifact(right),
at,
artifact_column(right)
);
}
function no_space_only() {
if (left.line !== right.line || left.thru !== right.from) {
warn(
'unexpected_space_a_b',
right,
artifact(left),
artifact(right)
);
}
}
function no_space() {
if (left.line === right.line) {
if (left.thru !== right.from && nr_comments_skipped === 0) {
warn(
'unexpected_space_a_b',
right,
artifact(left),
artifact(right)
);
}
} else {
if (open) {
var at = free
? margin
: margin + 8;
if (right.from < at) {
expected_at(at);
}
} else {
if (right.from !== margin + 8) {
expected_at(margin + 8);
}
}
}
}
function one_space_only() {
if (left.line !== right.line || left.thru + 1 !== right.from) {
warn(
'expected_space_a_b',
right,
artifact(left),
artifact(right)
);
}
}
function one_space() {
if (left.line === right.line) {
if (left.thru + 1 !== right.from && nr_comments_skipped === 0) {
warn(
'expected_space_a_b',
right,
artifact(left),
artifact(right)
);
}
} else {
if (open) {
var at = free
? margin
: margin + 8;
if (right.from < at) {
expected_at(at);
}
} else {
if (right.from !== margin + 8) {
expected_at(margin + 8);
}
}
}
}
stack = [];
tokens.forEach(function (the_token) {
right = the_token;
if (right.id === '(comment)' || right.id === '(end)') {
nr_comments_skipped += 1;
} else {
// If left is an opener and right is not the closer, then push the previous
// state. If the token following the opener is on the next line, then this is
// an open form. If the tokens are on different lines, then it is a closed for.
// Open form is more readable, with each item (statement, argument, parameter,
// etc) starting on its own line. Closed form is more compact. Statement blocks
// are always in open form.
var new_closer = opener[left.id];
if (typeof new_closer === 'string') {
if (new_closer !== right.id) {
stack.push({
closer: closer,
free: free,
margin: margin,
open: open,
qmark: qmark
});
closer = new_closer;
if (left.line !== right.line) {
free = (closer === ')' && left.free) || closer === ']';
open = true;
margin += 4;
qmark = '';
if (right.role === 'label') {
if (right.from !== 0) {
expected_at(0);
}
} else {
at_margin(right.switch
? -4
: 0);
}
} else {
if (right.statement || right.role === 'label') {
warn(
'expected_line_break_a_b',
right,
artifact(left),
artifact(right)
);
}
free = false;
open = false;
no_space_only();
}
} else {
// If left and right are opener and closer, then the placement of right depends
// on the openness. Illegal pairs (like {]) have already been detected.
if (left.line === right.line) {
no_space();
} else {
at_margin();
}
}
} else {
// If right is a closer, then pop the previous state,
if (right.id === closer) {
var previous = stack.pop();
margin = previous.margin;
if (open && right.id !== ';') {
at_margin();
} else {
no_space_only();
}
closer = previous.closer;
free = previous.free;
open = previous.open;
qmark = previous.qmark;
} else {
// Left is not an opener, and right is not a closer. The nature of left and
// right will determine the space between them.
// If left is , or ; or right is a statement then if open, right must go at the
// margin, or if closed, a space before.
if (right.switch) {
at_margin(-4);
} else if (right.role === 'label') {
if (right.from !== 0) {
expected_at(0);
}
} else if (left.id === ',') {
if (!open || (free && left.line === right.line)) {
one_space();
} else {
at_margin();
}
} else if (right.arity === 'ternary') {
if (right.id === '?') {
if (qmark === '') {
qmark = '?';
} else if (qmark.slice(-1) === '?') {
margin += 4;
qmark += '?';
} else {
qmark.slice(0, -1);
}
at_margin(0);
} else {
if (qmark === '?') {
qmark = '';
} else if (qmark === '??:') {
margin -= 4;
qmark = '';
} else if (qmark.slice(-1) === '?') {
qmark += ':';
} else {
margin -= 4;
qmark = qmark.slice(0, -2) + ':';
}
at_margin(0);
}
} else if (
left.id === '...' ||
right.id === ',' ||
right.id === ';' ||
right.id === ':' ||
(right.arity === 'binary' && (
right.id === '(' ||
right.id === '['
))
) {
no_space_only();
} else if (left.id === '.') {
no_space();
} else if (right.id === '.') {
if (left.line === right.line) {
no_space();
} else {
at_margin(4);
}
} else if (left.id === ';') {
if (open) {
at_margin();
} else {
one_space();
}
} else if (
left.arity === 'ternary' ||
left.id === 'case' ||
left.id === 'catch' ||
left.id === 'else' ||
left.id === 'finally' ||
left.id === 'while' ||
right.id === 'catch' ||
right.id === 'else' ||
right.id === 'finally' ||
(right.id === 'while' && !right.statement) ||
(left.id === ')' && right.id === '{')
) {
one_space_only();
} else if (right.statement === true) {
if (open) {
at_margin();
} else {
one_space();
}
} else if (
left.id === 'var' ||
left.id === 'const' ||
left.id === 'let'
) {
stack.push({
closer: closer,
free: free,
margin: margin,
open: open,
qmark: qmark
});
closer = ';';
free = false;
open = left.open;
qmark = '';
if (open) {
margin = margin + 4;
at_margin();
} else {
one_space_only();
}
} else if (
// There is a space between left and right.
spaceop[left.id] === true ||
spaceop[right.id] === true ||
(
left.arity === 'binary' &&
(left.id === '+' || left.id === '-')
) ||
(
right.arity === 'binary' &&
(right.id === '+' || right.id === '-')
) ||
left.id === 'function' ||
left.id === ':' ||
(
(
left.identifier ||
left.id === '(string)' ||
left.id === '(number)'
) &&
(
right.identifier ||
right.id === '(string)' ||
right.id === '(number)'
)
) ||
(left.arity === 'statement' && right.id !== ';')
) {
one_space();
} else if (left.arity === 'unary') {
no_space_only();
}
}
}
nr_comments_skipped = 0;
delete left.calls;
delete left.dead;
delete left.free;
delete left.init;
delete left.open;
delete left.used;
left = right;
}
});
}
// The jslint function itself.
return function jslint(source, option_object, global_array) {
try {
warnings = [];
option = option_object || empty();
block_stack = [];
declared_globals = empty();
directive_mode = true;
early_stop = true;
export_mode = true;
fudge = option.fudge
? 1
: 0;
functions = [];
global = {
id: '(global)',
body: true,
context: empty(),
from: 0,
level: 0,
line: 0,
live: [],
loop: 0,
switch: 0,
thru: 0
};
blockage = global;
functionage = global;
imports = [];
json_mode = false;
mega_mode = false;
module_mode = false;
next_token = global;
property = empty();
stack = [];
tenure = undefined;
token = global;
token_nr = 0;
var_mode = undefined;
populate(declared_globals, standard, false);
if (global_array !== undefined) {
populate(declared_globals, global_array, false);
}
Object.keys(option).forEach(function (name) {
if (option[name] === true) {
var allowed = allowed_option[name];
if (Array.isArray(allowed)) {
populate(declared_globals, allowed, false);
}
}
});
tokenize(source);
advance();
if (tokens[0].id === '{' || tokens[0].id === '[') {
json_mode = true;
tree = json_value();
advance('(end)');
} else {
// Because browsers encourage combining of script files, the first token might
// be a semicolon to defend against a missing semicolon in the preceding file.
if (option.browser) {
if (next_token.id === ';') {
advance(';');
}
} else {
// If we are not in a browser, then the file form of strict pragma may be used.
if (
next_token.id === '(string)' &&
next_token.value === 'use strict'
) {
advance('(string)');
advance(';');
global.strict = true;
}
}
tree = statements();
advance('(end)');
functionage = global;
walk_statement(tree);
uninitialized_and_unused();
if (!option.white) {
whitage();
}
}
early_stop = false;
} catch (e) {
if (e.name !== 'JSLintError') {
warnings.push(e);
}
}
return {
functions: functions,
global: global,
id: "(JSLint)",
imports: imports,
json: json_mode,
lines: lines,
module: module_mode === true,
ok: warnings.length === 0 && !early_stop,
option: option,
property: property,
stop: early_stop,
tokens: tokens,
tree: tree,
warnings: warnings.sort(function (a, b) {
return a.line - b.line || a.column - b.column;
}),
edition: "2015-03-21 ALPHA"
};
};
}());
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
} |
(-) Wellness Policy (2)
Certification of Compliance (1)
HHFKA (4)
Professional Standards (1)
Resource | Final Rule
Final Rule: Local School Wellness Policy Implementation Under the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010; Approval of Information Collection Request
The final rule titled Local School Wellness Policy Implementation Under the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010 was published on July 29, 2016. The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) cleared the associated information collection requirements on Sept. 12, 2016. This document announces approval of the ICR.
Proposed Rule: Local School Wellness Policy Implementation Under the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010
This proposed rule would require all local educational agencies participating in the National School Lunch Program and/or the School Breakfast Program to meet expanded local school wellness policy requirements consistent with the new requirements set forth in section 204 of the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
Guernsey County Sheriff's Office Detective Named Top Cop
December 14, 2020 Lt. Dustin Best
Detective Brian Carpenter has been recognized by the Guernsey County Prosecutor's Office as TOP COP for the 2020 Fall Quarter. Detective Carpenter received this award to acknowledge the numerous levels of accomplishments he has been instrumental in for the success of the Guernsey County Sheriff's Office.
Detective Carpenter has played a pivotal rule in the successful investigation of multiple complex felony investigations. Detective Carpenter is currently assigned to the Investigations Division of the Guernsey County Sheriff's Office, Special Response Team, Central Ohio Drug Enforcement Task Force, and is also a member of the Ohio Organized Crime Investigations Commission. While serving in these strategic roles, Deputy Carpenter has written and executed more than 100 search warrants. Also while working with the Task Force he has specifically aided in the seizure of more than $100,000 in cash, multiple vehicles, multiple kilos of cocaine, crystal meth, heroin, marijuana, fentanyl, and hundreds of illicit pills. During the course of these investigations, Detective Carpenter personally coordinated efforts not only with neighboring agencies, but coordinated with the DEA, ATF, HIS, and Cleveland Police Department Gang Unit. This coordination and steadfast devotion to duty has not only seized critical assets of criminals, but has resulted in more than 125 years of total prison sentences. Also, during this quarter, Detective Carpenter received more than 100 hours of specified training on criminal interdiction, patrol operations, bulk cash smuggling, money laundering, and drug investigations which included GPS, cellphone and computer data recovery and analysis. His leadership impacts across all the ranks, while his experience is instrumental to the unmatched team work that is found in the Investigations Division.
His court preparedness and professionalism is beyond reproach. His bedside manner and ability to show true compassion for victims is simply amazing. His drive to find justice for victims in this community and to coordinate with supporting agencies is unmatched.
Major Wilkinson commented, "It is without a doubt that throughout this quarter, Detective Carpenter, a third generation law enforcement officer has performed in a manner that was beyond the scope of expectation of what one would expect of an employee. His day to day pace is nothing short of amazing and I am absolutely honored to have him in my ranks. His training exceeded what was expected and his ability to grasp and exponentially forward the vision of the Sheriff was unprecedented."
As recipient of the TOP COP AWARD for the 2020 Fall Quarter, Detective Brian Carpenter received a Certificate of Appreciation from the Prosecutor's Office and gift cards from local sponsors: FMJ, LLC (Full Metal Jacket), The Bear's Den Restaurant & Steak House, 360 Burger, Riesbeck's Food Markets, Inc., Ford Tire & Service, Judy's Barber Shop and Salt Fork Lodge & Conference Center.
Thank you Detective Brian Carpenter for your commitment of service to Guernsey County!
A Message From Sheriff Jeffrey D. Paden On The Governor's Curfew Order
Guernsey County Sheriff's Office Detectives Requesting Assistance From Public | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
Escape to New Zealand, Book 5
Written by: Rosalind James
Narrated by: Claire Bocking
Series: Escape to New Zealand, Book 5
Categories: Literature & Fiction, Women's Fiction
Just Not Mine
Hugh Latimer's coping with a few problems just now. A broken hand, missing the European rugby tour... and a half-brother and sister who are playing havoc with his love life. Instead of packing down in the scrum, he's driving the carpool to ballet - or forgetting it's his turn. When he hears his neighbor wailing out bad pop in the wee hours, it's the last straw.
Just Say (Hell) No
Escape to New Zealand, Book 11
Narrated by: Emma Wilder
Marko Sendoa isn't a beach man. He's not an Auckland man. He's a hard man. Born Basque, raised in the heart of New Zealand's Southern Alps, and bred on hard work, discipline, and getting the job done. It's not easy for a rugby flanker to make it to age 32 at the top of his game, but he's done it. Next year is the Rugby World Cup, and he'll do whatever it takes to be on the field in the black jersey when the anthems are sung. He doesn't need a kitten. He doesn't need a pregnant cousin. He definitely doesn't need a too-short, distractingly curvy, totally unimpressed Maori barista.
Just Stop Me
Lots of young women dream of being a princess. Nina Jones isn't one of them. After escaping from her palace/prison by burying herself under sacks of fertilizer, she ends up in a beach cottage on New Zealand's South Island. She's meant to be looking after a cantankerous widower. Too bad she doesn't know how to boil an egg.
Just Good Friends
Kate Lamonica isn't Koti James' type. Too small. Too dark. And heaps too much work. So it's an easy bet that he can be her friend for six weeks without making a move on her, no matter what his mates would have said. Kate can't believe she's made the bet at all. New Zealand had seemed like the perfect escape from the stalker who'd threatened first her peace of mind and then her life. She certainly doesn't need any more trouble. Why on earth has she agreed to spend time with a Maori rugby player who's far too handsome and charming for his own good - and knows it?
Fun, Cultural Romance
By Melissa on 2017-11-23
Kiwi Strong
New Zealand Ever After, Book 3
Narrated by: Emma Wilder, Tom Janson
People who say "love is trust" probably didn't grow up in a cult. My name is Daisy Nabhitha Kittredge. I chose it myself. As an RN in the emergency department in one of New Zealand's largest hospitals, there wasn't much left in me of the 16-year-old girl, covered from neck to ankle and not allowed to make eye contact with a boy, who'd run away with five dollars in her pocket and terror in her heart.
Eight smoking-hot rugby players. Eight partners. Seventeen kids. Beaches and barbecues and beer, salt and sand and sea. Family and good mates and no worries. December in New Zealand. One very pregnant, very tired Hannah Montgomery Callahan is playing hostess to it all, doing her best and wondering if her best is good enough. And one legendary All Black captain is willing to do whatever it takes to show her that when he promised to be there for her forever, he meant it.
A little distraction can be a wonderful thing.
Nate Torrance has a job to do, and the biggest rugby boots in the world to fill. He can't afford to lose his focus, especially not to a brown-eyed Canadian who pushes all his buttons and looks much too good in a climbing harness.
Allison Villiers may not know what she wants to do with her life, but she's clear about one thing. She's not impressed by the new captain of the All Blacks, however big a deal he is to the rest of New Zealand. If only her unfortunate taste for adventure didn't keep leading her astray...
Note: This romance, like New Zealand, contains some steam. If that isn't your cuppa, you may want to visit some other country... er, audiobook.
©2013 Rosalind James (P)2014 Rosalind James
Kiwi Rules
Asking for Trouble
Just for Now
Parent Handbook on Childhood and Teen Depression, Second Edition
Escape to New Zealand Boxed Set, Books 1-3
What listeners say about Just My Luck
5 out of 5 stars 5.0 out of 5
PenName
Man Code Explained
Just My Luck: Escape to New Zealand, Book 5, continues in the same fashion as many of Rosalind James' books with the rugby and New Zealand theme with romance interwoven. If you read any of her previous books, this may be one of the reasons you continue to read the Escape series. I know it is a big plus in my book. Book 5 does not rely on reading many, if any, of the previous Escape books. I would say that Just My Luck could act as a stand-alone if you are looking to give James a try. As far as the Audible version goes, Claire Bocking is dead on with her performances. After listening to her for several other Escape to New Zealand books, I would be willing to give any of her audio performances a go. She's really that talented.
In Book 5, you are introduced to Nate and Ally, with a sub-story of Kristen and Liam. You get a taste of New Zealand outdoors with this pair and I found the accident prone Nate to be a bit refreshing as he had many romantic missteps in this romance. I have to say I really enjoyed Ally and Kristen's conversations on Man Code. Spot on and hilarious. This book presents a strong female lead, don't go looking for the submissive in Ally.
To give you a peak hole into James' writing, she leads you along a path of realistic story line while adding humor and some New Zealand flavor (at least in the Escape series). I gravitate towards book that are more likely to be realistic so that willing suspension of disbelief is not stretched too far. If you like books that are not only impossible, but lack continuity and character development I suggest you move on and miss out on these books. If you are one who likes a quick wit with a zing of adventure and travel, give the Escape series a knock.
I depend on reviews to purchase books, like many of you. While I receive an ARC on occasion from several authors, my reviews are not automatic positive reviews. I received a free copy of this book in exchange for an honest review; I was not compensated for my review and I was not required to write a positive review. The opinion expressed here is my own, for whatever that is worth.
Not so much
I like this series, however one of the main characters (Allison) I found made me think of a spoiled brat at times. ****spoiler****......Speeding and thinking he should have used his celebrity influence on the officer..It made me mad that she even thought he should. ****end of spoiler**** I thought this book in the series was not one of the better ones.
DLRees
What did you love best about Just My Luck?
I love all of Rosalind's books and have read them at least twice. But I find listening to them even better and this one gets a big WOW from me. There is strong Allie and poor clueless Nate, clueless with love but well informed with footy. And then there is Liam, what woman wouldn't love to have a Liam in her life. Claire does a wonderful job narrating, with her different voices and accents. Since it's winter here I guarantee that Chapter 23 will lower the heating bills! We all need some romance in our lives even if it's from a book. "I received a free copy of this book in exchange for an honest review. I was not compensated for my review, and I was not required to write a positive review. The opinion expressed here is my own
MJG
BACK TO NEW ZEALAND ... AND 2 FOR THE PRICE OF 1
I just keep falling more and more head over heels for this "Escape to New Zealand" series. This time around we get two stories for the price of one. One (Kristen and Liam) is a fairy tale romance (oh, Liam!) ... and the other (Ally and Nate) is a gritty, true-to-life, love-never-runs-smoothly story.
Ally and Nate start off … well, it's fairly funny. Even though he's a superstar out on the rugby pitch, Nate is just downright graceless when it comes to women — or at least to Ally. You know the type. He's never had to work for it before and Ally is singularly unimpressed with him. We also get a nod to the "Pride and Prejudice" storyline, which makes me smile. Our Wickham nemesis (Devon O'Neill) is a real scumbag. You'll love to hate him.
But Nate's primary focus is really on the footy, not a girlfriend, no matter how much Ally intrigues him. It has to be, as he is now the shiny, brand-new captain of the All Blacks (after Drew's retirement.) Ally knows what she wants, but it doesn't seem like Nate's head is in the same place. Oh, Nate. Sometimes you have to lose something to really appreciate what you had. [Have tissues handy.]
The wonderful Claire Bocking is our narrator again. She just keeps getting better and better. And her reading adds so much to the story (already read on my Kindle.) Well done, Claire!
And … I still really, really want to see New Zealand with my own eyes … because this book series has pulled me in and beguiled me. That NZ Vacation Fund is growing! =)
Highly recommended and IMO well worth a credit!
PS. 2015 – It's Rugby World Cup year. Should be good! Can the All Blacks do it again?
[I received a free copy of this book in exchange for an honest review. I was not compensated for my review, and I was not required to write a positive review. The opinion expressed here is my own]
Stories about real-life hot men in NewZealand
This is shortest review I've ever written for two incredibly difficult, detailed romances for the price of one. A lot of sadness that James injects with great realism, fortitude, old fashioned "winning" the girl, but modern courtships and pain that lead to Very Teary Happy-Ever-Afters. Nate and Liam really work hard to win their burned ladies in very different and concurrent courtships. Hardcore romantics are gonna love this.
NO Need to have read previous books in series to love this book. This is my first in series, and I'm gonna buy them all. My gratitude to Rosalind James is huge.
For younger readers who "haven't been around the block", pay very close attention to the insight into male behavior which is completely on par.
CAUTION: I actually looked up the team mentioned in the book--New Zealand's All Blacks and not only do they exist, but everything the author says about the bodies in the book bear out online and will cause old-fashioned fainting spells. Hyperventilation, hot sweats and other adverse reacations may occur. Be forewarned.
-teary, but hot n' bothered
Buy this book.
Betsy L
Another Gem from Rosalind James
Because this is a review of the Audible version, I will start there. I really love listening to Claire Bocking. Her narration is wonderful- she puts sincere feeling into all the characters. I love how effortlessly she moves back and forth between an "American" accent and a New Zealand accent. Doing this truly brings the characters to life. Her story-telling skills take you right into the heart of the characters and their emotions. When a character cries, she cries (and so do I!). Her breathless narration of the love making is hot!!! I am a fan!
The story is another Rosalind James gem. In fact, it is basically two love stories in one- meaning the Audible version is 13 hours of listening pleasure! Both sets of characters (Allie/Nate and Kristen/Liam) are good people and Rosalind brings depth to all of them. She does such a great job with character background and development.
I also love the almost travel book descriptions of New Zealand. Rosalind has a true love for the country and it is evident in her beautiful accounts of the scenery.
This is Book 5. Please do not start the series here. Go back and start with Book 1 or the prequel so you will be well acquainted with the storyline and why Nate is the complex character he is.
I received a free copy of this audiobook in exchange for an honest review. I was not compensated for my review, and I was not required to write a positive review. The opinion expressed here is my own.
Definitely got Lucky with this book!
Where does Just My Luck rank among all the audiobooks you've listened to so far?
It's one of the best books in my library. I could listen to this one multiple times.
What was one of the most memorable moments of Just My Luck?
I like how the moments were real. Guys not comprehending their feelings, people that have a past and aren't perfect. It feels real. One of the moments that stuck out was when the girl said "I love you," first and wasn't met with an immediate response. I like it because it isn't a straightforward path. More story to build on.
Which character – as performed by Claire Bocking – was your favorite?
Liam <3 I loved her accent and he's just a fantastic character.
Was there a moment in the book that particularly moved you?
When one of the characters was so heartbroken and everything was falling apart.
As usual, anything with the James/Bocking combo will be a homerun. Bocking reads the story well and the story is full, leaves you wanting more, but doesn't feel like it's missing parts.
I received a free copy of this book in exchange for an honest review. I was not compensated for my review, and I was not required to write a positive review. The opinion expressed here is my own.
taximom
Escape to New Zealand: a Double Play
Nate is the new captain of the All Blacks. He has a past and is not ready to be in a serious relationship – he needs to focus on his new job. He likes to stay organized and keep his feet on the ground. Ally is on a work visa in New Zealand with her friend Kristen, whose sister married the past All Black captain. Ally works at a rock climbing gym. She loves the outdoors and adventure sports. Ally and Nate have an antagonistic relationship that grows into something neither expected. Meanwhile, Nate's good friend Liam dates Kristen, who is determined to be celibate for at least six months. One couple comes together naturally, and the other struggles all the way. Their scenes are realistic and believable, and with New Zealand as the backdrop and rugby as the hook, you can't go wrong!
Claire Bocking does an incredible job narrating this entry into the Escape to New Zealand series. Her characterizations are right on and I love her accents.
If you haven't enjoyed this series, you can start anywhere. Characters from past books pop up, but it is so natural that there is no confusion. A great series – you should read the books and listen to the audios. Both are awesome!
I received a free copy of this audible. I was not compensated for my review, and I was not required to write a positive review. The opinion expressed here is my own.
IreneMBBT
Mr Most Improved aka The new Skipper finds romance
Rugby player Nate goes to the climbing gym with his friend Liam, and manages to make a fool of himself in front of sexy Ally; and continues to do so several times. Nate seemed like a decent guy, but I didn't really connect with his character. At one point, Ally was so taken by slick Devin and his story about Nate that right away I thought of Wickham's story to Elizabeth about Darcy. It was interesting to see James' version of that storyline play out. Again, I did not enjoy James' handling of the press and social media in this story. I actually enjoyed the romance between Kristin and Liam much more than the romance between Ally and Nate. Bocking does a good job of narration.
Michele Z
My favorite series still!
I adore this series-it's not a secret. I've decided that the narrator Claire Bocking is one of the best narrators out there. She can speak with an understandable accent-regardless if it's a New Zealand or American one. She puts the emotions into her stories. This book was like 2 in one, as it followed two couples-Nate & Ally, and Liam & Kristen. The only thing I will say, is Liam stole the book for me. This was not my favorite of the series to read, but it was one of my favorite to listen to. I was driving home from work crying. If you want a really sexy, fun, engaging read, this is the one for you. Spend your credit!
I was given an ARC of this to provide an honest review. The opinions here are strictly my own. | {
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QPC were engaged to build a complex self-contained studio over a nine month period. Through a mistake by the architect, the building programme had to be halted for about 3 months, while the architect went through a new Council Consent process.
This would have put some pressure on QPC to reorganise their programme to be able to utilise their staff on other jobs.
The Project Manager, the Site Manager and the Foreman and his staff were absolutely professional throughout the job, and handled the delays without any fuss.
We were very impressed with the way in which the job was done at all levels, and would have no hesitation recommending QPC.
If you require further information, you are welcome to call either of us.
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We firstly chose QPC from word of mouth, then stuck with them after meeting Alex and seeing his approach to the job and his knowledge of building. The full design and build process was excellent and we found the whole QPC team very helpful. We had delays from Council but QPC worked around any issues that arose.
We feel that QPC delivered on their promise of a full design and build without the hassles and we would definitely do it all again with them!
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He was approachable and interested in the house, he took the time to answer all our questions with patience, over several meetings; he "sharpened his or others' pencils" for us; he took us to other sites of works in progress.
We also felt confident that the final works price would be close to the estimated price; we were assured there would be "no surprises" price-wise and there were very few.
Greg our project manager always responds promptly and addresses all our concerns with either solutions or explanations. He is often on-site when we are and answers impromptu questions and gives his opinion when asked. He appears genuinely concerned about the look of the house, and would volunteer alternative solutions backed up by photos or weblinks or addresses. Between him and Jeff, there was always a solution for any sticky issues.
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The build process was really pretty easy and we felt the QPC team did a great job of guiding us through each step. Brett in particular was superb at keeping us informed and giving us plenty of time to make each decision along the way. Overall the build process went very well. Quality of work has been excellent.
Excellent customer service and communication from Brett. He's a real asset to QPC, I hope you look after him well.
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In Dec 2013 I first met Alex Coburn to view the above property for purchase. The plans for renovation were very detailed and his willingness to work with me to suit my needs (dream) and budget became apparent immediately.
I've always wanted to build my own home but the stress of managing multiple trades and suppliers as well as managing planning consents was overwhelming. QPC provided me with the perfect solution.
QPC were happy to work with complete 'open books' providing full transparency around costs on a weekly basis and working with me collaboratively to achieve my goals. As the sole decision maker for the house build, I relied on their expertise and shared vision, not only for the exterior but also how to bring a coherent living space together inside.
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After renovating 3 properties in Auckland and several before in the UK, I can honestly say that the professionalism and friendship QPC bring to their clients is outstanding. I have recommended QPC to many friends and I will no doubt engage them again for my next project.
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Based on my experience as a first time home renovator, I can categorically say "thank goodness for QPC!" I had heard horror stories about the building industry, but none of those relate to QPC.
After three months intensive renovating, my 40 year old Remuera brick, tile and weatherboard townhouse now looks like a brand new home thanks to QPC's professional, extensive and high quality workmanship. I researched the market to find you. You've more than lived up to your reputation and I have a home that is what I want.
Your building work is brilliant and all of your team have been a pleasure to deal with and so respectful, be it Simon and the builders, Kurt the electrician, Jeffrey on joinery, Michael and his tiling team, Eddie and Jessie the plumbers and the many others who formed part of the QPC network.
Simon, as Project Manager, and the QPC trades team work together like a well oiled machine, ensuring clear communication and timely connecting. I was always confident that I was in efficient hands. Simon kept me well informed with easy to follow advice at every step of the journey. This made my life a lot easier because building is complicated these days and I wanted to get this very right. I was most impressed with the many cost savings Simon suggested. And equally with the advice when you could see I was about to make a mistake!
You are trustworthy and highly competent Master Builders.
I am thrilled with the complete house transformation. To appoint QPC was emphatically the right choice. Dare I say, you would be a hard act to beat –pleasant, honest, trustworthy people who do a fantastic job with intelligent master building workmanship.
Finally, I'd like to add that renovating has many, many decisions. I can't thank you enough for your patience while I came to grips and sometimes struggled with what to do. Taking time early on, in getting those choices right, paid off down the track. I particularly appreciate and respect the innovative advice you and Simon gave me in what was largely a 'do it as you go' renovation.
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We had weekly site meetings with Greg and meeting minutes were prepared and sent out which I didn't expect but was great and meant that even when they guys were dealing with Steve I knew exactly what was going on.
Alex has a great business and does a great job of looking after his customers, he is very conscious of keeping clients in the loop, happy and providing a good experience. We wish him every success.
" does a great job of looking after his customers "
QPC Builders Limited have asked me to provide a testimonial for them and I am very happy to do so.
Retail Dimension Ltd are a design led manufacturer to the Retail industry specialising in design, manufacture and installation of retail fixtures, point of sale, merchandising systems and general shop fitting. QPC are part of our network of subcontractors and regularly undertake work for us.
A good example of their work is the Kathmandu store in Broadway Newmarket. Kathmandu are a customer of ours and we contracted QPC to carry out demolition works, build back and the soft fitout in their new store. The project value was in excess of $1M and we were working under a compressed timeframe of less than six weeks. Working in and around an operating retail environment is one of the most challenging projects to complete. QPC managed this challenging project extremely well – we delivered ahead of both programme and budget and have a very satisfied client.
I'm happy to discuss QPC's performance in more detail.
" ... we delivered ahead of both programme and budget and have a very satisfied client. "
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Alex provided us with a very competitive quote which covered all of our requirements. He clearly explained the process to us so we knew exactly what to expect during the project. A detailed project plan was provided and weekly site meetings kept us fully appraised on all aspects of the job.
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We highly recommend QPC as a building company you can trust. They operate on a no-surprises policy and the entire team are very professional.
" We highly recommend QPC as a building company you can trust. They operate on a no-surprises policy and the entire team are very professional. " | {
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Nonlinear effects in the dynamics of HIV-1 infection predicted by mathematical model with multiple delays
DCDS-S Home
From the guest editors: "Delay Differential Equations: Theory, Applications and New Trends"
September 2020, 13(9): 2347-2363. doi: 10.3934/dcdss.2020140
Dynamics of a model of tumor-immune interaction with time delay and noise
Lifeng Han , Changhan He and Yang Kuang ,
School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, Arizona state University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1804, USA
* Corresponding author: Yang Kuang
Received January 2019 Published September 2020 Early access November 2019
Fund Project: The authors are supported by NSF grant 161587 and NIH grant 1R01GM131405-01
We propose a model of tumor-immune interaction with time delay in immune reaction and noise in tumor cell reproduction. Immune response is modeled as a non-monotonic function of tumor burden, for which the tumor is immunogenic at nascent stage but starts inhibiting immune system as it grows large. Without time delay and noise, this system demonstrates bistability. The effects of response time of the immune system and uncertainty in the tumor innate proliferation rate are studied by including delay and noise in the appropriate model terms. Stability, persistence and extinction of the tumor are analyzed. We find that delay and noise can both induce the transition from low tumor burden equilibrium to high tumor equilibrium. Moreover, our result suggests that the elimination of cancer depends on the basal level of the immune system rather than on its response speed to tumor growth.
Keywords: Time delay, stochasticity, persistence, stability, tumor-immune interaction.
Mathematics Subject Classification: 34D05, 34D20, 92D25.
Citation: Lifeng Han, Changhan He, Yang Kuang. Dynamics of a model of tumor-immune interaction with time delay and noise. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - S, 2020, 13 (9) : 2347-2363. doi: 10.3934/dcdss.2020140
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Figure 1. Nullclines of (4). Open circles denote unstable fixed points and filled circle denotes stable fixed points. Parameter values used: $ \rho = 2.5, {\beta = 0.02, \gamma = 5, K = 10} $
Figure 2. Time course of $ u $ and $ v $ with and without delay. There is a stability switch as $ \tau $ increases and eventually the solution settles down to high tumor equilibrium. The observation indicates that responsiveness of the immune system is important to contain the tumor in its nascent size. If there is long time delay in immune response, the tumor can grow in oscillatory fashion and eventually escape the control of the immune system. Parameter values used to generate the plots: $ \rho = 2.5, {\beta = 0.02, \gamma = 5, K = 10} $
Table 1">Figure 3. Computer simulated sample paths of the stochastic system (12) in comparison with its deterministic version (4). (a) tumor extinction in small noise regime; (b) tumor extinction in big noise regime; (c) monostable fluctuation; (d) bistable switching. Parameter values used here are summarized in Table 1
Figure 4. stationary distribution of (15) with $ \tau = 0, 0.5, 1, 2 $. The histogram is formed by 5000 samples of $ u(1000) $
Table 1. Parameter values used in Figure 3
small noise induced extinction (a) big noise induced extinction (b) monostable (c) bistable (d)
$ \rho $ 0.12 2.5 1.5 2.5
$ \beta $ 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
$ \gamma $ 5 5 5 5
$ K $ 10 10 10 10
$ \sigma $ 0.3 5.66 0.65 0.65
Min Yu, Gang Huang, Yueping Dong, Yasuhiro Takeuchi. Complicated dynamics of tumor-immune system interaction model with distributed time delay. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2020, 25 (7) : 2391-2406. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2020015
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Urszula Ledzewicz, Mohammad Naghnaeian, Heinz Schättler. Dynamics of tumor-immune interaction under treatment as an optimal control problem. Conference Publications, 2011, 2011 (Special) : 971-980. doi: 10.3934/proc.2011.2011.971
Shigui Ruan. Nonlinear dynamics in tumor-immune system interaction models with delays. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2021, 26 (1) : 541-602. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2020282
Gladis Torres-Espino, Claudio Vidal. Periodic solutions of a tumor-immune system interaction under a periodic immunotherapy. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2021, 26 (8) : 4523-4547. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2020301
Martina Conte, Maria Groppi, Giampiero Spiga. Qualitative analysis of kinetic-based models for tumor-immune system interaction. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2018, 23 (6) : 2393-2414. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2018060
Shujing Shi, Jicai Huang, Yang Kuang. Global dynamics in a tumor-immune model with an immune checkpoint inhibitor. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2021, 26 (2) : 1149-1170. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2020157
Giulio Caravagna, Alex Graudenzi, Alberto d'Onofrio. Distributed delays in a hybrid model of tumor-Immune system interplay. Mathematical Biosciences & Engineering, 2013, 10 (1) : 37-57. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2013.10.37
J.C. Arciero, T.L. Jackson, D.E. Kirschner. A mathematical model of tumor-immune evasion and siRNA treatment. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2004, 4 (1) : 39-58. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2004.4.39
Mohammad A. Tabatabai, Wayne M. Eby, Karan P. Singh, Sejong Bae. T model of growth and its application in systems of tumor-immune dynamics. Mathematical Biosciences & Engineering, 2013, 10 (3) : 925-938. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2013.10.925
Sophia R-J Jang, Hsiu-Chuan Wei. On a mathematical model of tumor-immune system interactions with an oncolytic virus therapy. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2021 doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2021184
Urszula Ledzewicz, Mozhdeh Sadat Faraji Mosalman, Heinz Schättler. Optimal controls for a mathematical model of tumor-immune interactions under targeted chemotherapy with immune boost. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2013, 18 (4) : 1031-1051. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2013.18.1031
Urszula Ledzewicz, Omeiza Olumoye, Heinz Schättler. On optimal chemotherapy with a strongly targeted agent for a model of tumor-immune system interactions with generalized logistic growth. Mathematical Biosciences & Engineering, 2013, 10 (3) : 787-802. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2013.10.787
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Silviu-Iulian Niculescu, Peter S. Kim, Keqin Gu, Peter P. Lee, Doron Levy. Stability crossing boundaries of delay systems modeling immune dynamics in leukemia. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2010, 13 (1) : 129-156. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2010.13.129
Yincui Yan, Wendi Wang. Global stability of a five-dimensional model with immune responses and delay. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - B, 2012, 17 (1) : 401-416. doi: 10.3934/dcdsb.2012.17.401
Hal L. Smith, Horst R. Thieme. Persistence and global stability for a class of discrete time structured population models. Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems, 2013, 33 (10) : 4627-4646. doi: 10.3934/dcds.2013.33.4627
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Lifeng Han Changhan He Yang Kuang | {
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A $1.2 billion "ship or pay" agreement with Newcastle Coal Terminal appears to be behind Peabody Energy expansion plans at Wambo and Wilpinjong coal mines despite US bankruptcy proceedings and serious questions about the future of Peabody's Australian operations. The release this week of financial statements for Peabody holding company Holdco, which controls all Australian subsidiaries, shows a $2.7 billion loss in 2015 – up from a $1.2 billion loss in 2014 – and a $250 million inter-company loan in April to support Peabody's Australian operations during the US bankruptcy process. The $250 million loan is necessary because the US bankruptcy proceedings prevents Australian subsidiaries from drawing on Peabody borrowing facilities, a situation that "significantly impacts the liquidity of the group", the Holdco documents said. Holdco, Wilpinjong and Wambo financial statements released in the past few weeks also reveal how the Hunter mines are tied to the US bankruptcy process, which analysts are increasingly pessimistic Peabody will be able to work through. While Wilpinjong is not listed in the bankruptcy proceedings its assets, held by Holdco, secure debt which is the subject of the bankruptcy proceedings. Peabody conceded the US proceedings mean "additional liquidity risks" for Australian operations if financiers and suppliers call-in bank guarantees and securities or require the repayment of future lease commitments. The risk includes $123 million in lease commitments at Wilpinjong, between Denman and Mudgee. Wilpinjong mine's profit in 2015 was $78 million, down from $125 million in 2014, and it had $176 million in current net liabilities by December, with $59 million in contingent liabilities for rehabilitation. Wilpinjong supplies coal to Bayswater and Liddell power stations and has a contract to sell coal to Bayswater owner AGL until 2026. Financial statements lodged with the Australian Securities and Investments Commission show the $250 million internal loan facility cannot be used to fund capital expenditure, raising serious doubt about expansion proposals at both Wambo and Wilpinjong. The NSW Department of Planning is assessing plans for underground and open cut expansion at Wambo, with the open cut proposed for 21 years. Peabody has proposed an eighth open cut pit at Wilpinjong, extending the proposed life of the mine until 2033. In a submission to the Department, Environmental Justice Australia (EJA) – a non-profit public interest legal practice – said Wambo's financial statements showed it did not have the financial capacity to undertake the expansion, estimated to cost $500 million. "As at December 2015 Wambo had only $4.6 million in cash and its traditional line of credit has expired," the EJA submission said. It noted Wambo Coal's auditor concluded in April that "there is significant uncertainty whether the company and/or the consolidated entity will continue as a going concern". The EJA said a $1.2 billion "ship or pay" contract with Newcastle Coal Terminal of more than 10 years appeared to be the "real and understated reason" behind Peabody's continued push for expansion plan approvals. "The 'ship or pay' contract at issue is 'joint and severable'," the EJA.submission said. "If either Wambo or Wilpinjong do not fulfil minimum volume requirements, the other must make up the shortfall or pay penalties. In 2015 Wambo sold over $70 million in coal to Wilpinjong." The EJA argued that expansion allows coal companies to avoid closing and rehabilitation costs "crystalising on balance sheets". "It buys companies time to sell assets to inexperienced and potentially more financially constrained operators." A Peabody spokesperson said Peabody Australia was not part of the Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection process and planned to operate as usual. "The financial report states that the directors of the company are satisfied that reasonable grounds exist to believe the company and consolidated entity will be able to pay their debts as and when they become due and payable," the spokesperson said. "The Peabody team in Australia is working hard continuing efforts to improve costs and generate positive cash flows." In the first quarter of 2016 Peabody Australia delivered positive before tax results of $US5.6 million despite export price reductions of up to 31 per cent.
https://nnimgt-a.akamaihd.net/transform/v1/crop/frm/Un3zFxNgjZZYujEcmXfzcX/b66bf43d-1203-4afe-a19c-c7bfa93ce94a.jpg/r2_0_1198_676_w1200_h678_fmax.jpg
June 2 2016 - 6:00PM
Peabody Energy's Wambo and Wilpinjong mines on a lifeline with "additional liquidity risks" | photos
JOANNE MCCARTHY
A $1.2 billion "ship or pay" agreement with Newcastle Coal Terminal appears to be behind Peabody Energy expansion plans at Wambo and Wilpinjong coal mines despite US bankruptcy proceedings and serious questions about the future of Peabody's Australian operations.
The release this week of financial statements for Peabody holding company Holdco, which controls all Australian subsidiaries, shows a $2.7 billion loss in 2015 – up from a $1.2 billion loss in 2014 – and a $250 million inter-company loan in April to support Peabody's Australian operations during the US bankruptcy process.
The $250 million loan is necessary because the US bankruptcy proceedings prevents Australian subsidiaries from drawing on Peabody borrowing facilities, a situation that "significantly impacts the liquidity of the group", the Holdco documents said.
Holdco, Wilpinjong and Wambo financial statements released in the past few weeks also reveal how the Hunter mines are tied to the US bankruptcy process, which analysts are increasingly pessimistic Peabody will be able to work through.
While Wilpinjong is not listed in the bankruptcy proceedings its assets, held by Holdco, secure debt which is the subject of the bankruptcy proceedings.
Peabody conceded the US proceedings mean "additional liquidity risks" for Australian operations if financiers and suppliers call-in bank guarantees and securities or require the repayment of future lease commitments. The risk includes $123 million in lease commitments at Wilpinjong, between Denman and Mudgee.
Wilpinjong mine's profit in 2015 was $78 million, down from $125 million in 2014, and it had $176 million in current net liabilities by December, with $59 million in contingent liabilities for rehabilitation. Wilpinjong supplies coal to Bayswater and Liddell power stations and has a contract to sell coal to Bayswater owner AGL until 2026.
Financial statements lodged with the Australian Securities and Investments Commission show the $250 million internal loan facility cannot be used to fund capital expenditure, raising serious doubt about expansion proposals at both Wambo and Wilpinjong.
The NSW Department of Planning is assessing plans for underground and open cut expansion at Wambo, with the open cut proposed for 21 years. Peabody has proposed an eighth open cut pit at Wilpinjong, extending the proposed life of the mine until 2033.
In a submission to the Department, Environmental Justice Australia (EJA) – a non-profit public interest legal practice – said Wambo's financial statements showed it did not have the financial capacity to undertake the expansion, estimated to cost $500 million.
"As at December 2015 Wambo had only $4.6 million in cash and its traditional line of credit has expired," the EJA submission said.
It noted Wambo Coal's auditor concluded in April that "there is significant uncertainty whether the company and/or the consolidated entity will continue as a going concern".
The EJA said a $1.2 billion "ship or pay" contract with Newcastle Coal Terminal of more than 10 years appeared to be the "real and understated reason" behind Peabody's continued push for expansion plan approvals.
"The 'ship or pay' contract at issue is 'joint and severable'," the EJA.submission said.
"If either Wambo or Wilpinjong do not fulfil minimum volume requirements, the other must make up the shortfall or pay penalties. In 2015 Wambo sold over $70 million in coal to Wilpinjong."
The EJA argued that expansion allows coal companies to avoid closing and rehabilitation costs "crystalising on balance sheets".
"It buys companies time to sell assets to inexperienced and potentially more financially constrained operators."
A Peabody spokesperson said Peabody Australia was not part of the Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection process and planned to operate as usual.
"The financial report states that the directors of the company are satisfied that reasonable grounds exist to believe the company and consolidated entity will be able to pay their debts as and when they become due and payable," the spokesperson said.
"The Peabody team in Australia is working hard continuing efforts to improve costs and generate positive cash flows."
In the first quarter of 2016 Peabody Australia delivered positive before tax results of $US5.6 million despite export price reductions of up to 31 per cent.
Discuss "Hunter mines tied to US bankruptcy proceedings| photos" | {
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Import existing data to save manual work.
Create processes and functions in an easy-to-use visual editor.
The PKM editor provides the users (transit fare organizations) with a modern interface for managing tariff data.
All data that is covered by the PKM standard can be edited manually.
Existing data (e.g. from SQL databases) can be easily re-used via CSV import.
The party in charge of the product (PV) either creates a PKM from scratch, or imports an existing PKM, and continues from there. Most of the PKM data is tabular. It can be edited with the same ease as in spreadsheet apps such as Excel or Google Sheets.
Where a table view would be hard to read, the data is displayed in specifically tailored ways. Complex functions are composed via drag & drop in a visual editor. Geo locations are shown on a map for convenience. If an entry references other entries, one can easily navigate from it to the referenced entries, and back again.
Data is stored on a server – including a history of all changes made – and can be viewed and edited by multiple users without handing around files. Consistency is ensured by preventing multiple users from changing data at the same time.
The editor supports managing multiple projects, and stores the change & publication history of each project. A PV can work on a new release of their tariff data, and at the same time make adjustments to the current tariff data without losing track of which data has already been published.
At any point, if the data inside the editor is sufficient to generate a structurally valid PKM from it, it can be exported to the XML-based PKM format. Errors such as missing references are shown in a separate view, making it easy to find and correct invalid data.
Take a look at how we solve complex master data management challenges in other domains: Metro Master Data Portal.
The tool supports transit fare associations in creating & maintaining product and control modules (PKM). PKM is a standard for modeling tariff data and the corresponding processing logic. It replaces vendor-specific data formats, thus saving redundant work that had to be done previously. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
THERE IS OFFICIALLY more than one brand offering higher quality used farm equipment in 2015. Whatever their preference in paint colour, farmers are promised more for their dollars on future new-to-you purchases.
AGCO began to pilot a Certified Pre-Owned (CPO) program with 16 dealers in 2013. Early this year, the company will unveil it for comprehensive North American coverage. Select models of Challenger® and Massey Ferguson® high horsepower tractors, combines, self-propelled windrowers, and large square balers will qualify for the program in addition to some Fendt® high horsepower tractors, Gleaner® combine, Hesston® large square baler, and RoGator® sprayer models. All certified equipment will come with at least one year of comprehensive extended-service coverage. Tractors and windrowers will each be inspected at more than 100 points, large square balers subjected to at least 160 points of inspection, over 200 points are listed for combines, and as many as 400 or more checks will be noted on spray equipment. Once inspected, each piece of equipment is reconditioned by the certifying technician.
Mampieri's dealership offers customers several different brands to choose from and, although most of the tractors, combines, and spray application equipment they sell are AGCO brands, working with other manufacturers has already given them four years of experience in administering a pre- owned certification program. He believes that was a significant factor in the quality of feedback they were able to provide to AGCO during the piloting process. Mampieri says that as most people would expect, the original program the company started with was not perfect.
For example, he explains the original program assessed three-point hitches and valve functioning solely on the basis of whether or not they were operational. But customers buying the equipment pointed out that they would prefer to know valves had been pressure tested, to get a better sense of how much the pumps had been worn. At that level of detail, it took time to assess and modify the whole certification process but Mampieri feels fortunate that AGCO was quick to make adjustments in response to their feedback.
Mampieri says his team has a lot of confidence in the program as a result, since they feel like they developed the program as much as AGCO did. At the corporate level, the company says it also believes improvements made during the pilot stage of the rollout will provide farmers with a lot more peace of mind and the best value for their used-equipment purchases.
One thing that comes across particularly clear in talking to dealers about certification programs like these is the importance of greater harmonization between the manufacturing brand and their retailers. Executives making decisions at head office see the new program as a way of enhancing the quality and decreasing the risk in used equipment purchases. Similarly, dealers report that it is an opportunity for them to deliver consistency and dependability to the customer.
Jonathon Lalonde of Dan R Equipment Company in Winchester, ON believes that when manufacturers and retailers can get together to develop a program like this, that is very good news for their customers.
Selling Gleaner combines, Massey tractors and combines, Challenger tractors, Fendt tractors, and Hesston haymaking equipment throughout most of Eastern Ontario, Lalonde says there is nothing worse than not being able to provide solutions to your customer's equipment problems. That's why he is happy AGCO's program is not limited to tractors and combines. He says that although there is always lag time between the release of a new program and implementation, he would really like to have some Certified Pre-Owned balers to offer as soon as this year. Going out on sales calls armed with new offerings like this will only help his team. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Existenzanalyse 2/2014
Home/Journal/Existenzanalyse 2/2014
Existenzanalyse 2/20142017-11-26T23:27:18+01:00
This article TEMIR – A Test to Measure Existential Motivations in Interpersonal Relationships: Factorial Structure, Reliability and Validity
Elena M. Ukolova, Vladimir B. Shumskiy, Evgeny N. Osin
The aim of our study was to develop a new measure of existential fulfilment in interpersonal relationships, operationalizing Längle's theory of the four existential fundamental motivations. Using expert procedures, we developed a pool of 80 items and investigated its structure in a Russian-speaking sample (N=634). We used exploratory factor analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis to select 3 indicator items for each of the 3 prerequisites of each of the 4 fundamental existential motivations. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a hierarchical structure of the 36-item set with 12 first-order factors and 4 second-order factors. Each of the 12 subscales and the 4 scales demonstrated acceptable reliability (Cronbach's alphas > 0.80). The scales of the questionnaire allowed to differentiate between relationships self-reported as "successful" and "unsuccessful", and exhibited statistically significant correlations with two measures of general existential fulfilment, Existence Scale (Längle, Orgler, Kundi, 2000) and Test of Existential Motivations (Eckhardt, 2000). Path analysis (conducted using Mplus 7.11 software) indicated that fulfilment of the 3rd and the 4th fundamental motivations (Authenticity and Meaning, respectively) in relationships was the most essential to general existential fulfilment. We also investigated the differences in the experience of relationships across gender and relationship types (i.e., "free" relationship, unregistered marriage, official marriage). The results indicated that females tended to report more positive experiences of relationship. The difference in the relationship types reflecting the degree of personal commitment in a relationship was a stronger predictor of perceived fulfilment, compared to gender. We propose to use the Test of Existential Motivations in Interpersonal Relationships (TEMIR) as a new Russian-language research instrument and discuss potential future research avenues.
Key words: authenticity, fundamental existential motivations, interpersonal relationships, meaning, trust, value of life
Client resources from the perspective of psychotherapists
Madeleine Prochaska, Bianca Bertl, Alfried Längle, Astrid Görtz
The client as active agent with his potentials and resources is more and more acknowledged in psychotherapy research (Bohart & Greaves Wade 2013). In the present study existential analytical psychotherapists and psychotherapists of other theoretical schools (participating in the International Congress of Logotherapy and Existential Analysis 2013) evaluated the helpfulness of predefined resources in their therapeutic work. Additionally they were asked to choose the three most helpful resources. For this purpose a questionnaire was developed by an expert group (instructional trainers, researchers) consisting of resources containing theoretical concepts of Existential Analysis and resources not related to Existential Analysis. The results revealed, that existential analytical resources were rated significantly higher compared to the others. Both groups of therapists selected predominantly existential analytical resources as the three most helpful of all given resources. Results indicate an overlap between theoretical concepts regarding resources of different psychotherapy orientations, although a sample bias can be assumed due to the study setting. Future studies should imply qualitative research methods to allow for a more differentiated and diverse insight into the field of psychotherapy resources.
Keywords: Existential Analysis, Logotherapy, empirical study, resources, client resources, therapist perspective
The actualization of the person
Existential analytical contributions to the personization of existence
Alfried Längle
In Existential Analysis the key to existence is seen in the activation of the person. A procedure addressing and seeking to mobilize the resources of the person is therefore essential in Existential Analysis and in every psychotherapy. – In order to achieve this aim, properties of the person and the self are initially presented and anthropologically reflected upon in relation to corporeality and to the personal-existential fundamental motivations. The reciprocity of structure and process thereby becomes significant, which provides the framework for the actualization of the person: the access via the structure model of fundamental motivations as well as the process model of Personal Existential Analysis (PEA). The dynamic basic activities of the person are illuminated (seeing – integrating – encountering), and subsequently the prerequisites for the development of the self are described (attention – empathy – taking position). In interaction with the self, the person can become effective in presence and in existence. Deep down however, the person resonates in a spiritual depth with being and life – subsequently becoming an inner counterpart due to the self. An activation of the person can solely follow, when originating from the characteristics of the person and the interplay with the self. This is how the human being can attain, via personhood, the essence of life: come into contact with being, in which the personal meaning of existence unfolds.
Keywords: person, resources, existence, actualization, spirituality
"In vivid abeyance"
On the liberty and unavailability of the person
Helmut Dorra
The person is founded in itself, singular in its existence und unique in its essence: subject of liberty. It fulfills itself in its scope of potentialities, historically oriented towards its world and environment in existential coexistence and encountering dialog, thereby establishing our relationships in human community. The person, in its own being, is given space in an interpersonal reciprocity to take position with its personal motives and valuations, enabling its unrepresentable and unmistakable individuality to appear. Nevertheless, with reservation of its unavailability, it also always remains unknown and concealed due to the distanciation within the unconditionality of being a subject, which is reluctant to our knowing and objectifying determination. Within its belonging to itself, the person by no means is definable while seeking to appropriate or take possession of it by making it a certifiable fact or fixating it as an object. In point of fact, liberty and dignity of the person is respected when we "keep it in vivid abeyance" and make an enquiring effort to "follow it into all possible changes and evolvements" (Max Frisch).
Keywords: fear, encounter, dialog, liberty, serenity, individuality, living environment, love, being with, person, shame, being oneself, motive of path, dignity
Person and structure
Humanity between the poles of freedom and commitment
Christoph Kolbe
As an existential school of thought of humanistic psychotherapy, Existential Analysis pays particular attention to the ability of humans to conduct themselves freely and responsibly in their situational relationship to the world, to take authentic decisions and to carry out acts in accordance with values. This becomes possible due to the fact, that the human is person. Thus, Existential Analysis seeks to address the human as a person, as well as to help realize their personhood when it becomes blocked.
The article therefore provides a brief overview of the specifics in the understanding of the person; its emotional tendency towards being impressionable, its ability to take position and its capability to participate creatively in the world.
For psychotherapeutic work it is especially important to consider to which extent fulfillment of personhood does not succeed due to fears or lack of self-structure. In these cases, the fears or the way of dealing with them is to be worked on. When necessary the self-structure is to be strengthened in order to pave the way for fulfillment of the personality.
Keywords: person, structure, self-structure, existential functions, personal activities, fundamental motivations, Personal Existential Analysis, conflicts
Existential Grounding: Experience of being as a resource of the person
Building blocks for deepening the integration of the felt body in existential analysis
Markus Angermayr
The pre-reflexive body-corporeal experience of basic stabilizing, strengthening, and nourishing phenomena of being in existence is focused on in practice.
The bodily-corporeal person which finds itself in a certain situation is point of departure in existential analytical work. Rhythms lending stability and structure persist and evolve such as respiration, heartbeat, expansion and contraction and so on. It's a matter of tracing these phenomena and dwelling upon them. They grant access to the level of the ground of being and fundamental values. It is a state change leading from everyday consciousness to a felt experience of being onward to an "I am" experienced in the depth – it is hence a plain immersion into the mystery of the self-evident (Patocka 1991).
Despite all psychodynamic difficulty, basic resources can be found in the depth of body-corporeal processes, which leads to what Existential Analysis states: Being is by itself already ability.
Keywords: being in existence, grounding, body-corporeal, experience of being
How do you speak with yourself?
Guidance towards the inner dialog
Karin Steinert
The person is what is speaking in me, so one of its characteristics is read. How someone talks with him/herself provides information on the manner in which self-relationship is lived. Then again, self-relationship has a decisive influence on how the relationship to the world is shaped.
Existential analytical psychotherapy is invariably guidance to inner dialog. The psychotherapist is a role model for how personal encounter takes place in dialogue. This experience can be adopted by the patient for his/her inner world. The patient thereby learns to deal with him/herself in an attentive, caring and respectful manner and increasingly opens up to the outer world.
It is demonstrated, by means of a case study from therapeutic practice, how the voice of the person can be distinguished from other inner voices and how guidance towards inner dialog represents a possibility to obtain access to the resources of the person in psychotherapy.
Keywords: inner dialogue, case study, Personal Existential Analysis
Focusing on "resources" may distort the view of the human being
Jürgen Kriz
In contemporary psychotherapeutic discourses, the focus has shifted from disorder, disease, and deficiencies to resources[1] and potentials of the patients. The question remains however, whether all mean the same when dealing with these concepts. From the perspective of humanistic psychotherapy, therapists thereby foster and support the development of potentials, enabling them to update or readapt in accordance with the requirements of the patient´s social and material surroundings. By contrast, some approaches – for example, the "third wave of behaviour therapy" – use the term "resource orientation" in order to train skills and social techniques.
The article discusses the history and a humanistic meaning of "resource", "potential", and "actualization" in contrast to a more functional understanding of these terms – and of the human being.
Keywords: actualizing, humanistic psychotherapy, person, potential, resource
[1] The english terms "resource" and "potential" have different connotations compared to the German "Ressource" and "Potential": "Resource" refers more to material and immaterial goods ("human resource management") while "potential" (in the area of psychotherapy) is more or less associated with the ideas of "Human Potential Movement (HPM)". In German language both terns are more "neutral" and refer to a wide scope of potential abilities in development where some may unfold and others will not – due to the adaptive conditions of the patient´s environment.
Resource work in trauma therapy
Karin Matuszak-Luss
The importance of working with resources in trauma therapy is outlined in the following article. Publications concerning trauma therapy and work with resources by Watkins J.G. and Watkins H.H., the founders of Ego State Therapy, are referred to. The ideas of Peichl J. and Fritzsche K., other representatives of the Ego State therapy, are considered as well. The Psychodynamic Imaginative Trauma therapy by Reddemann L. constitutes a significant approach to traumatized people, and is therefore also reflected. Overlaps between the existential analytical theory and practice, the Ego State Theory and Therapy and the Psychodynamic Imaginative Trauma therapy are pointed out and then discussed. Short case histories round up the theoretical descriptions.
Keywords: Ego State Therapy, Existential Analysis, work with resources
A message from the body?
The inner dialogue of the psychosomatic patients
Renate Bukovski
"Ill with negative (or with results not sufficiently explaining the symptoms) results" is a significant phenomenon of patients with somatoform disorders and psychosomatic illnesses in a narrower sense. The appearing physical symptoms cannot be elucidated superficially and most often render patients and their practitioners helpless. By means of a case study from existential analytical practice, it is pointed out how these physical symptoms can lead the patient into an inner dialogue and understand the own development. The phenomenological work aims at perceiving the bodily (often painfully) felt, at attentiveness towards and encountering what is speaking here and now (often with the help of inner imagery). By approaching the "message of the body", those affected are to reach corporeal understanding and enter a personal process. The aim is an updating of the person towards an active, resource-oriented way of dealing with oneself and the disorder, accompanied by one`s own self-healing powers.
Keywords: imagination, inner dialogue, phenomenology, psychosomatics
"I take the liberty…"
Recount on an existential analytical theatre-educational workshop
Martina Juen
The article at hand contains the description of a theatre-project for existential-analytical consultants and therapists. Selected existential-analytical contents were prepared with theatre-educational methods, with the intention to make this an immediate and engaging experience. In 'Part One', the existential-analytical background and the theatre-educational theory of the workshop is briefly outlined. 'Part Two' describes the conducted workshop in detail, reflects the intention and effect from an existential-analytical perspective, and is supplemented with feedback from present participants.
Keywords: Existential-analytical fundamental motivation, phenomenology, creative methods, group self-awareness and reflection
Therapy for two or more: From individual to extended setting and back
Resource oriented short–term interventions with partners or relatives of (adult) clients
Marc Sattler, Susanne Pointner
The theme of the workshop resulted from experience in everyday practice. However much we guide our clients towards finding what is one`s own and implement the worked out steps independently, it may also be helpful to provide direct support through a dialogue with a significant reference person. The extension of a setting from the couple-client encounter to a consultation with three or four bears both opportunities und risks. These are examined in the workshop, while pointing out basic approaches for a proficient application of the extended setting. The article presents the procedure and several content issues.
Keywords: relatives, dialogue supervision, setting
Potentials of the Person – Resource orientation in psychotherapy, consulting, coaching and pedagogy
A brief outline from a gestalt-therapeutic point of view
Dorothea Bünemann
Gestalt therapy is an existential-phenomenological experience-activating therapy method. It aims to further personal growth and personality development in a variety of ways. This is illustrated on the basis of the theory of the "self" and the concept of the "organism/environment field".
Keywords: organism/environment field, potential, resources, self
Online counselling: Is personal work via Internet possible? (Workshop)
Tobias Jahn
Over the past few years counselling via e-mail and chat is increasing in the psychosocial fields of work. While for educational counselling centres, health insurances or self-help initiatives this form of establishing contact is already a matter of routine, humanistic-existential professionals remain sceptical. Should it be possible to reach advice-seekers online in an existential-personal way? Are there any advantages for existential-analytic work? And what about the legal framework?
The article traces the technical and professional development over the last 15 years and takes a look at their practical challenges. In the process a special focus is set on the legal frame, especially on the treatment agreement
Keywords: treatment agreement, e- counselling, existential-personal work
Correspondence courses in Existential Analysis
Irina Ryazanova
Therapy and counseling can – with limitations – also be achieved through long-distance-contact via Internet, since an adequate therapeutic process is possible. The phenomenological method is a good prerequisite for remote counseling. The article describes the experiences of the author with long-distance-contact patients and provides a detailed overview of specific types of remote counseling. Furthermore, necessary organizational, technical and methodological steps are discussed which are needed for the development of correspondence courses in Existential Analysis. A case study of remote therapy rounds off the contribution.
Keywords: case study, remote therapy/counseling, correspondence courses, group and individual setting
How do I look after myself?
Mindful movement as an access to the person
Sigrid Happ
What everyday life with its requirements and tasks demands from us, often firstly becomes clearly perceptible on the corporeal bodily level. Our body can be understood as a mediator between the world intruding upon us and the resources and potentials existing in us. The practice of mindfulness supports conscious perception of the occurring present before it becomes a burden.
Keywords: attentiveness, corporeality, mindfulness, embodiment
Health and age – perspectives from salutogenesis
Thomas Schukai
Health is an outstanding value for mankind, gaining in importance with advanced age. At the same time, health in old age is exposed to additional burdens.
Against this background, health promotion for aging persons takes place in a modified context, which is developed on the basis of salutogenesis of Antonovsky. In line with this approach, three categories are decisive for the maintenance of health: comprehensibility, manageability, meaningfulness. By means of studies it is shown, how they concretely influence the health and life expectancy of aging persons.
Keywords: factors for high life expectancy, health at an advanced age, salutogenesis and experience of values
Resources of caregivers
Wish and reality
Eva Liesmann
Care for the sick and elderly people is above all relation work partially accomplished under difficult conditions. From where do caregivers draw strength and motivation to do their work? What can caregivers, and we as logo therapists actively undertake to say yes to our work over and over again and to support our resources?
Keywords: geriatric nursing, relationship work, motivation of caregivers
Resource oriented nursing and care for persons subjected to dementia
Astrid Ludwigkeit
The experience of persons subjected to dementia is equivalent to a chronic crisis situation characterized by situations of loss and failure. Above all the cognitive deficits lead to a reduction of orientation abilities, behavioral control, autonomy and self-determination. Nevertheless, resources in form of acquired copings are at the disposal of subjected persons which can contribute to accomplishing everyday life. These fixated behavioral patterns are an expression of inner motives, fundamental aspirations and existential structures corresponding to the four fundamental motivations. Understanding and supporting them is the task of gerontological psychiatric nursing practice and care work.
Keywords: hermeneutics, dementia, challenging behavior
Refusal and hopitalism in case of a one year old child from a phenomenological and existential perspective
Albina Viktorovna Loktionova
The article describes how it came, that the Personal Existential Analysis (PEA) was employed by child psychotherapists in a children`s rehabilitation home in Wladiwostok, Russia, in order to treat a one year old child with refusal reactions and regression after having lost its parents. The main focus lies on the phenomenal content and phenomenological analysis of the experts subjective perceptions and intuitively felt, allowing personal positioning and consequently enabling therapeutic aid in form of a dialogical process for the not speaking child. Step by step, the stages in overcoming the major difficulties and the gained insights are described, facilitating treatment for similar cases in the future.
Keywords: core self, child psychotherapy, PEA, phenomenological analysis, regression, self, trauma
An existential analytical contribution to developmental psychology
Roman Biberich und Andrea Szklenar
In this article, considerations are presented on a draft existential analytical theory of developmental psychology. For this purpose, we firstly present the basic needs of human life according to traditional developmental psychology and neurobiology in excerpts followed by a summary outlining the existential-analytical structure and process model, in order to finally combine these areas into a dynamic model. We thereby seek to provide an existential analytically oriented contribution to developmental psychology and thus also to diagnostics and treatment plan in existential analytical psychotherapeutic practice.
Keywords: developmental psychology, basic needs, PEA, basic motivations
We do not learn for school, but for life
Can school pave the way for life?
Hans-Jürgen Strauch
Seneca criticized that "we learn not in the school, but in life". In today's risk society our knowledge, abilities, and skills may not suffice to enable fulfillment in the face of life's complexity and the disorientation it causes.
Teaching experience shows that it is not externally controlled learning that can prepare us for life. Instead, this can be achieved through self-organized self-efficient acting in exchange with a counterpart, which integrates emotions, motivations, mindsets, abilities, experience, values, and the will to seek meaning. This provides a basis for an extensive personal qualification that allows problem solving in a complex personal nexus. Substantial key qualifications are developed through competency-relevant behavior and communicative social acting. From a personal point of view this requires independent experience, authentic reaction, and responsible action.
Keywords: competencies, key qualifications, person, development potential
Positive psychology and philosophy of happiness
Report on a compulsory optional subject at gymnasium
Maria Angleitner
Initiated by already implemented projects such as the "subject happiness" in Heidelberg or "well-being" in Wellington (GB), the compulsory optional subject "positive psychology and philosophy of happiness" is taught in Vienna since the year 2010. The subject intends to give students room for questions concerning happiness and a successful life, and also teach concrete methods and point out ways to actively and responsibly shape their lives in a positive and meaningful manner.
The report outlines the manifold teaching contents and methods and thereby gives students a voice with their experiences.
Keywords: gratitude, happiness, education | {
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Born in Barcelona, I have a degree in Philosophy and I studied Photography. In my beginnings I worked in press agencies.
With the desire to contribute to social transformation, I have also developed my professional career in the field of development cooperation, where I worked in various NGOs in Barcelona and in England, the last of which was Oxfam. Thanks to this background, I have a good knowledge of the fight for human rights, and especially for the rights of women. This has allowed me to develop and integrate a discourse from a rights based approach, not victimizing, but from the dignity that the transformational struggle creates.
I currently deliver photo reports and services for the non-profit sector and I develop photovoice workshops.
The combination of my experience in the field of international cooperation, the struggle for human rights, and finally the passion for photography, all these are the elements that make up my vision of the world.
Open-air exhibition RECONEIX LA FLORESTA!
Finalist at Nemo Art Festival (Córdoba, Spain).
Finalist of the 17th Seminar of Photography and Journalism of Albarracín (Spain).
Collective exhibition at the Agustí Centelles Center, Barcelona (Spain). | {
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Crenicichla ypo is a species of cichlid native to South America. It is found in the Arroyo Uruguaí basin, middle Paraná River basin in Misiones, Argentina. This species reaches a length of .
References
Casciotta, J., A. Almirón, L. Píalek, S. Gómez and O. Rícan, 2010. Crenicichla ypo (Teleostei: Cichlidae), a new species from the middle Paraná basin in Misiones, Argentina. Neotrop. Ichthyol. 8(3):643-648.
ypo
Fish of Argentina
Taxa named by Jorge Rafael Casciotta
Taxa named by Adriana Edith Almirón
Taxa named by Lubomír Piálek
Taxa named by Sergio Enrique Gómez
Taxa named by Oldřich Říčan
Fish described in 2010 | {
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Minister Ayres advised "Bankwest has embraced the opportunity to be part of booming Western Sydney and the company's commitment to the naming rights of the venue is a huge vote of confidence in both the future of the Stadium and the region.
Munchenberg added "the Bankwest Stadium partnership sends a clear message to the people of Western Sydney that we'll continue to invest in products and services that meet their needs.
• Downer Rugby League World Cup 9s in October. | {
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Along with making other bracelets for those who joined me in this altered book page swap, I was going to make one for myself. Well, it took a year, but I finally sat down and did so.
There are other projects that need to be completed too, need to work on that. | {
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Union Public Schools uses Kronos iSeries Timekeeper solution to improve accuracy of workforce information, and consistently apply rules and policies.
Union Public Schools is a progressive Oklahoma school district, offering college and career readiness programs and expanded avenues for individual student success. The school system needed a more efficient process of timekeeping, attendance, and payroll for its staff of 1,200 salaried and 1,300 hourly employees. Inaccurate timesheets led to payroll errors, varying pay rules made it difficult to manually calculate, and miscalculation of hours to meet FLSA and FMLA requirements was an increasing challenge.
Kronos helped Union Public Schools improve efficiencies, accuracy of workforce information, consistent application of rules and policies, and compliance with an automated timekeeping, payroll processing, and absence management solution.
real time through employee self-service tools. Time of hourly employees is automatically tracked and work rules and policies are applied consistently. An additional benefit is the ability of supervisors to log on the Kronos system to see which employees are on premise in the event of a school lockdown or emergency, and important safety feature. | {
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This game is growing at an exponential rate.
Hi-Rez Studios' popular battle royale title Realm Royale has been raking in the players over the past few weeks, and it looks like it's finally paying off. The game just hit 3 million players, with just 3 weeks' worth of early access play. The fantasy class-based twist on regular battle royale games made its way into Steam's top 4 most-played games during its release week, and has since earned accolades like being Twitch's #1 most viewed game. Now, the game has its sights set on monetization, and who wouldn't?
The game has been completely free, up until now, but based on community feedback, Hi-Rez Studios has introduced the new Alpha Pack, which is available in-game starting today. It includes a Kaleidoscope Mount Skin, an Alpha T-Pose Emote, Alpha Chicken Skin, Alpha Spray, and Alpha Avatar, which reference a bug that occurred in early Alpha versions of the game.
It looks like Realm Royale is going to be working its way into our hearts next, just like PUBG and Fortnite before it, and as such we're going to likely see a whole lot more of this going forward. How much more will player feedback bring? Do people really want to buy things in these types of games? Looks like they do. In any case, Realm Royale is climbing, and climbing fast. This is just the beginning.
From what I've played of it, it's a fun variation on the formula. I'm eager to see how it grows throughout development.
I was excited when I heard it was fantasy themed, then immediately disappointed to see everybody still just shoots guns. | {
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This listing is for the 7 D&D reference books pictured. Dungeon Master's Guide (text written on first page - see picture).
As far as which edition, I've tried to include the page from each book with that information. The item "Advanced Dungeons & Dragons hardcover book guide lot of 7, Monster Manual, Snarf" is in sale since Monday, January 21, 2019. | {
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Chief of Yousafzais and a would be spiritual leader
Nasser YousafFebruary 04, 2014
SWABI appears to be game yet again: one of the handsomest members of the four member committee constituted for the much talked-about talks with the Taliban hails from Swabi. The gentleman with a military background has for long been the subject of sensational political gossip and doesn't sport a beard, which is saying much.
This single most interesting episode must put to rest all doubts as regards the district of Swabi being anything other than the most happening place in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
Doubtlessly, Swabi is the name of the possible. And one could say it with absolute surety that it is due solely to the inexhaustible fecundity of its land.
A visit to Swabi at anytime in the year would reveal the land sprouting greenery of various hues and smiling and vivacious as if by compulsion or simply out of habit.
The soil in Swabi to the east of Peshawar is so accustomed to springing surprises that it may behave one to indulging in exaggeration of any manner. Thus, for instance, if some bits of metals are sprinkled over its neatly furrowed fields, who knows the adventure may perhaps lead to some serendipitous outgrowth.
One could be allowed an allowance for conjecturing thus since cherishing hopes of their liking is not uncommon to the people of Swabi as one found out again just recently.
It is a well known fact that Swabi produces the world's best quality of tobacco that earns the country a substantial amount of revenue besides being a source of livelihood for the local people.
But not many people know that some of the best and succulent oranges that they have been savouring for the last few years come from the rich orchards of Swabi.
A single tree in one such orchard produced 2,600 oranges last year and all of them unblemished. This happened under the parental care of a soft spoken and affable horticulturist Abdul Ahad whose fondness with the people around him has earned him the nickname of 'Baba.' His age, however, belies this title.
It is Abdul Ahad who has introduced oranges to the salubrious climate of Swabi with a kind of gusto hitherto unknown in the area as one discovered during a visit to his 15-something acres farm where harvest was in full swing in the last week of January.
A nameless German shepherd look-alike dog could be found during the day hours snoozing at the entrance to the sprawling farm.
During the time off for lunch where sumptuous traditional food was served from the House of Tamrez Khan, the dog suddenly came alive, barking vigorously for his piece of the cake. When Ahad was asked the dog's name he politely excused himself saying he didn't know except that people on the farm called it 'doggy.'
Orange farming is a painstakingly labour intensive exercise as Abdul Ahad has found during his experiment. 'It takes eight months for the fruit to ripen, but it pays back its reward in its juice and plenty of money,' he says while voluntarily sharing his yearly figures of income from the farm with his trademark smile.
While passing through a makeshift tarpaulin laid camp where the contractor and his labourers were preparing their meal of thick stew of beef and potatoes and broad 'chappatis,' Ahad pointed out that the pruning and weeding process for the next season's crop was simultaneously in process with the ongoing harvesting.
'Peach farming is relatively easier and even more rewarding,' the highly enterprising but reserved landlord offered while generously hinting that he would invite his present lot of guests when the harvest commences somewhere in May.
'My peach farm is right there where Tamrez is taking you in a little while,' he pointed out in the western direction while releasing his hand from the tangled hold of his traditional 'chaddar.'
The peach farm is where a tomb has belatedly been built at the burial place of 'Gajju Khan.' The mud road to the tomb leads through vast expansive fields of prematurely blossomed mustard offering an eye-catching panoramic view of the idyllic countryside.
One odd old berry-tree provides temporary relief to the sun-stricken shabbily dressed farmers toiling in the fields. Small grey hillocks loom in the background.
The tomb of 'Gajju Khan' is Tamrez Khan's labour of love. The Yousafzai's, or at least those of one of the biggest Pashtun clans living in Swabi, believe that they are the descendants of 'Gajju Khan.' It was perhaps through word of mouth that the eternal resting place of the chief of Yousafzais was discovered and marked for the construction of a mausoleum befitting his august stature.
The tombstone shows his time in the world lasting from 1490 to1565, but that together with his struggles and alleged persecution at the hands of foes remain unverified or at least little probed through the dust of history.
The tomb is located in an extensive old cemetery. A thick boundary wall of grey stones has been built to guard the compound from further trespassing.
Quite a number of the tombstones provide names of the Afghan refugees who had a camp nearby and who seem to be occupying more space in death then they might ever have while they lived in this ephemeral world.
Gajju Khan's grave inside a vault is even bigger in size and has been rebuilt and covered with neatly hewn and polished grey rectangular blocks of stones that Tamrez pointed out were transported from Bannu.
Beautiful Pashto 'tappas' have been written on the walls inside the tomb which looks to be attracting quite a large number of people seized by a feeling of curiosity.
Tamrez's idea of 'Gajju Khan's' tomb was translated into reality through the determined effort of the father of the last chief minister of the province.
The father's name along with that of his son, who recently fell out due to a lingering family dispute, has been etched at the inauguration tablet.
Tamrez is tenaciously holding onto the wobbly ANP boat for years despite the fact that the ingrate leadership has continuously ignored him.
On that eventful day as if through a slip of tongue, he found himself into disclosing the total cost incurred on the project, and then finding himself in an awkward position defending that to the nonstop jokes of his visitors.
Back at the orange farm, a young man of medium height and fair complexion was found waiting for the visitors. He was introduced as someone with a master's degree in International Relations.
When asked whether he intended joining the civil service he smiled diffidently, but those close to him interjected to say that he was being considered for assuming the mantle of spiritual leadership.
The visit came to an end on the disclosure of this saintly information as one was left wondering if the young man would one day be the interlocutor in talks with the newer generations of Taliban. | {
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Janet Dewart Bell, Author of "Lighting the Fires of Freedom: African American Women in the Civil Rights Movement," will be the featured speaker on Wednesday, March 27 at 7 p.m. at the Ernest A. DiMattia, Jr. Building of The Ferguson Library. In "Lighting the Fires of Freedom," the author shines a light on African American women's all-too-often overlooked achievements in the fight for civil rights. Through wide-ranging conversations with nine women, several now in their 90s with decades of untold stories, the author captures their inspiring voices and what ignited and fueled their activism. Janet Dewart Bell is a communications strategist and management consultant with a multimedia background, as well as experience in policy advocacy, strategic planning, fund development, media training, and education. She is a social justice advocate, activist, award-winning television and radio producer, executive coach, and motivational speaker, with a doctorate in Leadership and Change from Antioch University. Book sale and signing. This program is generously supported by the Friends of The Ferguson Library and co-sponsored by DOMUS, Interfaith Council of Southwestern Connecticut, Connecticut Undoing Racism. The Ernest A. DiMattia, Jr. Building of The Ferguson Library is located at the corner of Bedford and Broad Streets, Stamford. For more information, call 203 351-8231. | {
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Search Results for "stand up paddle boarding"
Man Couple Stand Up Paddle Boards River Kauai Hawaii 4K 1353. Stand up paddle surfing and stand up paddle boarding is a offshoot of surfing that originated in Hawaii. Outdoor sporting activity.
Stand Up Paddle Board Hanalei River Kauai Hawaii 4K 1352. Stand up paddle surfing and stand up paddle boarding is a offshoot of surfing that originated in Hawaii. Outdoor sporting activity.
Aerial drone shot. View of corals from a bird's eye view. Surfers stand up paddle boarding. The camera looks down and flies forward slowly. Turquoise water of the Caribbean Sea. Riviera Maya Mexico.
RIBCEV LAZ, SLOVENIA - SEPTEMBER 01, 2017: Stand up paddle boarding on lake Bohinj, popular tourist travel destination for outdoors pursuit in Slovenia.
Unrecognizable group of people stand up paddle boarding on sea water surface for sport, fun, leisure or recreational pursuit. Enjoying summer SUP activity for holiday vacation. | {
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"This was my first ever time volunteering.
For many, it is the difference between surviving and living, and it remains a prevalent issue.
Not only does community cohesion sit at the heart of what makes a vibrant, strong and safe community, it also plays a part in individual health and wellbeing.
This month marks 100 years since women were first given the right to vote.
Steven DeViell has been involved with the Local People project in Southend from the very beginning.
The reputation of an area can affect just about everything from house prices and investment to the pride of local residents who live there.
On New Year's Eve, like many folk, I found myself musing over the 'waning' year and the one to come: over the things I would like to see happen and those I fear will. | {
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Ray's career skillfully demonstrates creativity in the areas of graphic design, packaging design, product development, and animation. Earning his degree in graphic design at the University of Illinois, he has built his career successfully applying fundamentals of visual communication with an innovative, fun approach.
At his Chicago-based studio, he produced and directed animated commercials and children's videos. Switching to computer design, for more than a decade, he created and developed popular candy novelty items, partnering with major Hollywood studios and sold nationwide.
Ray taught graphic design, animation, cartooning and advertising design at College of DuPage inspiring a new generation of creative talent. | {
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Q: EWS FindItems not working I have place items on the calender (in the past), however the FindItems() call is coming back with 0 results.
Screenshot to show there are meetings scheduled for this Room Mailbox for the desired date
Code for the search
SearchFilter greaterthanfilter = new SearchFilter.IsGreaterThanOrEqualTo(ItemSchema.DateTimeReceived, start);
SearchFilter lessthanfilter = new
SearchFilter.IsLessThan(ItemSchema.DateTimeReceived, end);
SearchFilter filter = new
SearchFilter.SearchFilterCollection(LogicalOperator.And, greaterthanfilter, lessthanfilter);
ItemView view = new ItemView(100); //TODO: This value needs to be set based on the date range criteria
ExtendedPropertyDefinition prop = new ExtendedPropertyDefinition(DefaultExtendedPropertySet.Appointment, 0x8238, MapiPropertyType.String);
PropertySet psPropset = new PropertySet(BasePropertySet.FirstClassProperties) { AppointmentSchema.Subject, AppointmentSchema.Organizer, prop };
view.PropertySet = psPropset;
view.OrderBy.Add(ItemSchema.DateTimeReceived, Microsoft.Exchange.WebServices.Data.SortDirection.Descending);
view.Traversal = ItemTraversal.Shallow;
findResults = this.exchangeService.FindItems(new FolderId(WellKnownFolderName.Calendar, new Mailbox(address.Address)), filter, view);
The start and ends dates are fed in via the parameters of the method. I have breakpointed there and ensured the dates are
Start - 1/6/2014 12 am
End - 1/8/2014 12 am
However the findResults are always empty (count is 0).
A: If you want to search for calendar Items then using the DateTimeReceived isn't the correct property to use. You should use AppointmentSchema.Start the DateTimeRecieved on the appointment would represent more when the appointment was created not when they are scheduled to start.
If you want to enumerate calendar appointments based on a date range then you should use FindAppointments http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/office/dn439786(v=exchg.80).aspx . The difference here is that the recurring appointments will be expanded as well.
Cheers
Glen
| {
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Peerless Hospital & B.K.Roy Research Centre proudly opens the applications for admission in the ninth (9th) batch of 3 year Post Graduate Masters Program in Emergency Medicine (MEM), conducted in partnership with The Ronald Reagan Institute of Emergency Medicine at The George Washington University Medical Center, who are dedicated to saving lives by improving Emergency care globally.
Peerless Hospital & B.K.Roy Research Centre is committed to improve the state of Emergency Medical Services in our country, which requires properly trained personnel in this field. This comprehensive Masters program will help us develop Emergency physicians who will be the pioneers in this developing specialty.
We welcome all doctors who are interested to make a career in the field of Emergency Medicine to join this course.
Examiner, Royal College of Emergency Medicine, U.K.
The Department of Emergency of Peerless Hospital has once again made a mark on the International platform of Academic Emergency Medicine. The latest feather in an already decorative cap has been added by the illustrious performance of the MEM residents in international examinations and prestigious placement interviews.
In the recently concluded interview conducted by NHS, UK trust hospitals as part of the Medical Training Initiative (MTI) four of our residents got selected and would be joining in senior registrar position on residency completion. Their job description would include supervisory and administrative responsibilities in addition to clinical placements.
An important point of note – one of our senior faculty members Dr. Subhajit Sen will also be joining one of the NHS trust hospitals. His role would include supervisory, administrative responsibilities and clinical placements in addition to teaching the junior registrars. Our heartiest congratulations and best wishes to all of them. The laurels continued to pour in as our residents went ahead to take the membership examination of the Royal College of Emergency Physicians (MCEM), UK. The MCEM examination is one of the internationally approved and accepted advanced emergency medicine qualifications. It has also been approved by the MCI as an additional post graduate qualification.
On behalf of the Peerless hospital and our Emergency Department we wish them all the very best. | {
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Q: Convert shapefile to WKT I have this :
poly1 = ogr.CreateGeometryFromWkt(polygons)
and error :
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\PROGRA~1\QGIS3~1.6\apps\Python37\lib\code.py", line 90, in runcode
exec(code, self.locals)
File "<input>", line 1, in <module>
File "C:\PROGRA~1\QGIS3~1.6\apps\Python37\lib\site-packages\osgeo\ogr.py", line 5666, in CreateGeometryFromWkt
return _ogr.CreateGeometryFromWkt(*args, **kwargs)
TypeError: not a string
A: ConvertGeometryFromWkt creates a geometry from a WKT file. Your title suggests you are trying to create a WKT file - ie. the reverse operation.
The error makes sense in this context. WKT is a string (ie. text), and "polygons" isn't.
If you are trying to convert a shapefile into a WKT file, then the ogr2ogr command line utility is probably a better way of doing this. ogr2ogr is installed with the rest of GDAL/OGR - usually installed with QGis.
| {
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Shatto Milk Company challenged a couple of New England area dairy producers to a fun wager on the big AFC Championship game against the New England Patriots.
(Osborn, Mo.)- A northwest Missouri company is helping Kansas City Chiefs fans find some good humor from the AFC Champion loss.
Shatto Milk Company challenged a couple of New England area dairy producers to a fun wager.
Since the Patriots won, co-owner Matt Shatto will be taking a bath in Shatto milk. The best part, it will be shown on Facebook live.
Shatto Milk Company Owner Barbara Shatto said this is a moment of celebration of the great season the Chiefs had.
"Oh yes," Shatto said. "It's definitely the humor. To see my son taking a milk bath, it's going to be so silky. It's all part of the fun and rejoicing as we are congratulating the Chiefs."
If you think that wasn't enough, Joe's Kansas City Bar-B-Que will also be sending out a box of their world class BBQ to the New England dairies.
Shatto hopes they'll do the Facebook live event Wednesday at 1 p.m. All you have to do is go to the Shatto Milk Company Facebook page and enjoy the show. | {
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Oestrogel Pump-Pack 750 micrograms/actuation Gel
Besins Healthcare (UK) Ltd contact details
Last updated on emc: 11 Dec 2019
1. Name of the medicinal product
3. Pharmaceutical form
4. Clinical particulars
4.1 Therapeutic indications
4.6. Fertility, pregnancy and lactation
4.7 Effects on ability to drive and use machines
4.9 Overdose
5. Pharmacological properties
5.3 Preclinical safety data
6. Pharmaceutical particulars
6.2 Incompatibilities
6.3 Shelf life
6.4 Special precautions for storage
6.5 Nature and contents of container
6.6 Special precautions for disposal and other handling
7. Marketing authorisation holder
8. Marketing authorisation number(s)
9. Date of first authorisation/renewal of the authorisation
This information is intended for use by health professionals
One gram of gel contains 0.6 mg of the active ingredient, Estradiol (0.06% w/w).
Each pump actuation delivers 1.25 g of gel which contains 0.75 mg of Estradiol.
For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1
Transdermal gel.
A clear, colourless gel with an odour of alcohol.
• Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for oestrogen deficiency symptoms in postmenopausal women.
• Prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women at high risk of future fractures who are intolerant of, or contraindicated for, other medicinal products approved for the prevention of osteoporosis. (see also Section 4.4)
The experience treating women older than 65 years is limited.
Oestrogel is an oestrogen-only product indicated only for women without a uterus. Oestrogel should be administered daily on a continuous basis.
In women with an intact uterus it is recommended to add a progestogen (e.g. a progesterone) for at least 12 days of each month, in accordance with the manufacturers' recommendations.
Menopausal and postmenopausal symptoms:
Each metered dose (1 pump actuation) from the dispenser is 1.25 g of Oestrogel. Two pumps (2.5 g) of Oestrogel once daily (1.5 mg Estradiol) is the usual starting dose, which in the majority of women will provide effective relief of symptoms. If after one month's treatment effective relief is not obtained, the dosage may be increased accordingly to a maximum of four pumps (5 g) of Oestrogel daily (3.0 mg Estradiol). The lowest effective dose should be used for maintenance therapy.
For initiation and continuation of treatment of postmenopausal symptoms, the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration (see also section 4.4) should be used.
Postmenopausal osteoporosis:
The minimum effective dose is 2.5 g of Oestrogel once daily for most patients.
Use with progestogen:
In women with an intact uterus the recommended dose of a progestogen should be administered for at least 12 days of each month, in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations. Oestrogel should be administered daily on a continuous sequential basis.
Unless there is a previous diagnosis of endometriosis, it is not recommended to add a progestogen in hysterectomised women.
Initiation of treatment:
Women who have never taken HRT and are post-menopausal or have very infrequent menstrual cycles: treatment with Oestrogel can be started on any day.
Switching from a continuous oestrogen-progestogen combined HRT: treatment with Oestrogel can be started on any day of the cycle.
Switching from a cyclic or continuous sequential HRT treatment: finish the therapeutic sequence before beginning treatment with Oestrogel.
The pump pack will require priming before using a new pump pack for the first time. The first dose dispensed should be discarded.
The correct dose of gel should be dispensed and applied to clean, dry, intact areas of skin e.g. on the arms and shoulders, or inner thighs. The area of application should be at least 750 cm2. One pump actuation from the dispenser, or half the prescribed dose, should be applied to each arm/shoulder (or thigh). Oestrogel should NOT be applied on or near the breasts or on the vulval region. A frequent change in application sites is recommended.
Oestrogel should be allowed to dry for 5 minutes before covering the skin with clothing.
The gel should be applied by the patient herself, not by anyone else, and skin contact, particularly with a male partner, should be avoided for one hour after application. Wash hands with soap and water after applying the gel.
Washing the skin or contact with other skin products should be avoided until at least one hour after application of Oestrogel.
For people not being treated with Oestrogel:
In the event of contact with an application area, which has not been washed or is not covered with clothing, wash the area of skin onto which Oestrogel may have been transferred as soon as possible, using soap and water.
If the patient forgets to apply a dose and it is more than 12 hours until the next dose, the missed dose should be applied and normal dosing resumed the next day. If the next dose is less than 12 hours away, it is best just to wait and apply the next dose normally. Patients should be advised not to apply two doses at the same time.
Forgetting a dose may increase the likelihood of break-through bleeding and spotting.
- Known, past or suspected breast cancer;
- Known or suspected oestrogen-dependent malignant tumours (e.g. endometrial cancer);
- Undiagnosed genital bleeding;
- Untreated endometrial hyperplasia;
- Previous or current venous thromboembolism (e.g. deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism);
- Known thrombophilic disorders (e.g. protein C, protein S, or antithrombin deficiency, see section 4.4);
- Active or recent arterial thromboembolic disease (e.g. angina, myocardial infarction);
- Acute liver disease, or a history of liver disease as long as liver function tests have failed to return to normal;
- Known hypersensitivity to the active substances or to any of the excipients;
- Porphyria
For the treatment of postmenopausal symptoms, HRT should only be initiated for symptoms that adversely affect quality of life. In all cases, a careful appraisal of the risks and benefits should be undertaken at least annually and HRT should only be continued as long as the benefit outweighs the risk.
Evidence regarding the risks associated with HRT in the treatment of premature menopause is limited. Due to the low level of absolute risk in younger women, however, the balance of benefits and risks for these women may be more favourable than in older women.
Medical Examination and Follow-Up
Before initiating or reinstituting HRT, a complete personal and family medical history should be taken. Physical (including pelvic and breast) examination should be guided by this and by contraindications and warnings for use. During treatment, periodic check-ups are recommended of a frequency and nature adapted to the individual woman.
Women should be advised what changes in their breasts should be reported to their doctor or nurse (see "Breast cancer" below). Investigations, including appropriate imaging tools, e.g. mammography should be carried out in accordance with currently accepted screening practices, modified to the clinical needs of the individual.
Conditions Which Need Supervision
If any of the following conditions are present, have occurred previously, and/or have been aggravated during pregnancy or previous hormone treatment, the patient should be closely supervised. It should be taken into account that these conditions may recur or be aggravated during treatment with Oestrogel, in particular:
• Leiomyoma (uterine fibroids) or endometriosis
• Risk factors for thromboembolic disorders (see below)
• Risk factors for oestrogen dependent tumours, e.g. 1st degree heredity for breast cancer
• Hypertension
• Liver disorders (e.g. liver adenoma)
• Diabetes mellitus with or without vascular involvement
• Cholelithiasis
• Migraine or (severe) headache
• Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
• A history of endometrial hyperplasia (see below)
• Epilepsy
• Otosclerosis
Reasons for immediate withdrawal of therapy
Therapy should be discontinued in case a contraindication is discovered and in the following situations:
• Jaundice or deterioration in liver function
• Significant increase in blood pressure
• New onset of migraine-type headache
• Pregnancy
Endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma
• In women with an intact uterus the risk of endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma is increased when oestrogens are administered alone for prolonged periods. The reported increase in endometrial cancer risk among oestrogen-only users varies from 2-to 12-fold greater compared with non-users, depending on the duration of treatment and oestrogen dose (see section 4.8). After stopping treatment risk may remain elevated for at least 10 years.
• The addition of a progestogen cyclically for at least 12 days per month/28 day cycle or continuous combined oestrogen-progestogen therapy in non- hysterectomised women prevents the excess risk associated with oestrogen-only HRT.
• Break-through bleeding and spotting may occur during the first months of treatment. If break-through bleeding or spotting appears after some time on therapy, or continues after treatment has been discontinued, the reason should be investigated, which may include endometrial biopsy to exclude endometrial malignancy.
• Unopposed oestrogen stimulation may lead to premalignant or malignant transformation in the residual foci of endometriosis. Therefore, the addition of progestogens to oestrogen replacement therapy should be considered in women who have undergone hysterectomy because of endometriosis if they are known to have residual endometriosis.
The overall evidence suggests an increased risk of breast cancer in women taking combined oestrogen-progestogen and possibly also oestrogen-only HRT, that is dependent on the duration of taking HRT.
Oestrogen-only therapy
The WHI trial found no increase in the risk of breast cancer in hysterectomised women using oestrogen-only HRT. Observational studies have mostly reported a small increase in risk of having breast cancer diagnosed that is substantially lower than that found in users of oestrogen-progestogen combinations (see section 4.8).
Combined oestrogen-progestogen therapy
The randomised placebo-controlled trial, the Women's Health Initiative study (WHI), and epidemiological studies are consistent in finding an increased risk of breast cancer in women taking combined oestrogen-progestogen for HRT that becomes apparent after about 3 years (see Section 4.8).
The excess risk becomes apparent within a few years of use but returns to baseline within a few (at most five) years after stopping treatment.
HRT, especially oestrogen-progestogen combined treatment, increases the density of mammographic images which may adversely affect the radiological detection of breast cancer.
Ovarian cancer is much rarer than breast cancer. Epidemiological evidence from a large meta-analysis suggests a slightly increased risk in women oestrogen-only or combined oestrogen-progestogen HRT which becomes apparent within 5 years of use and diminishes over time after stopping.
Some other studies, including the WHI trial suggest that use of combined HRTs may be associated with a similar, or slightly smaller risk (see section 4.8).
• HRT is associated with a 1.3 – 3 fold risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE), i.e. deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. The occurrence of such an event is more likely in the first year of HRT than later (see Section 4.8).
• Patients with known thrombophilic states have an increased risk of VTE and HRT may add to this risk. HRT is therefore contraindicated in these patients (see section 4.3).
• Generally recognised risk factors for VTE include, use of oestrogens, older age, major surgery, prolonged immobilisation, obesity (BMI > 30kg/m2), pregnancy/postpartum period, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and cancer. There is no consensus about the possible role of varicose veins in VTE. As in all postoperative patients, prophylactic measures need be considered to prevent VTE following surgery. If prolonged immobilisation is to follow elective surgery temporarily stopping HRT 4 to 6 weeks earlier is recommended. Treatment should not be restarted until the woman is completely mobilised.
• In women with no personal history of VTE but with a first degree relative with a history of thrombosis at young age, screening may be offered after careful counselling regarding its limitations (only a proportion of thrombophilic defects are identified by screening).
If a thrombophilic defect is identified which segregates with thrombosis in family members or if the defect is 'severe' (e.g. antithrombin, protein S, or protein C deficiencies or a combination of defects) HRT is contraindicated.
• Women already on chronic anticoagulant treatment require careful consideration of the benefit risk of use of HRT.
• If VTE develops after initiating therapy, the drug should be discontinued.
Patients should be told to contact their doctors immediately when they are aware of a potential thromboembolic symptom (e.g. painful swelling of a leg, sudden pain in the chest, dyspnoea).
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
There is no evidence from randomised controlled trials of protection against myocardial infarction in women with or without existing CAD who received combined oestrogen- progestogen or oestrogen-only HRT.
Oestrogen-only:
Randomised controlled data found no increased risk of CAD in hysterectomised women using oestrogen-only therapy.
Combined oestrogen-progestogen therapy:
The relative risk of CAD during use of combined oestrogen+progestogen HRT is slightly increased. As the baseline absolute risk of CAD is strongly dependent on age, the number of extra cases of CAD due to oestrogen+progestogen use is very low in healthy women close to menopause, but will rise with more advanced age.
Combined oestrogen-progestogen and oestrogen-only therapy are associated with an up to 1.5-fold increase in risk of ischemic stroke. The relative risk does not change with age or time since menopause. However, as the baseline risk of stroke is strongly age- dependent, the overall risk of stroke in women who use HRT will increase with age (see section 4.8).
• Oestrogens may cause fluid retention, and therefore patients with cardiac or renal dysfunction should be carefully observed.
• Women with pre-existing hypertriglyceridaemia should be followed closely during oestrogen replacement or hormone replacement therapy, since rare cases of large increases of plasma triglycerides leading to pancreatitis have been reported with oestrogen therapy in this condition.
• Oestrogens increase thyroid binding globulin (TBG), leading to increased circulating total thyroid hormone, as measured by protein-bound iodine (PBI)), T4 levels (by column or by radio-immunoassay) or T3 levels (by radio-immunoassay). T3 resin uptake is decreased, reflecting the elevated TBG. Free T4 and free T3 concentrations are unaltered. Other binding proteins may be elevated in serum, i.e. corticoid binding globulin (CBG), sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) leading to increased circulating corticosteroids and sex steroids respectively. Free or biological active hormone concentrations are unchanged. Other plasma proteins may be increased (angiotensinogen/renin substrate, alpha-I-antitrypsin, ceruloplasmin).
• HRT use does not improve cognitive function. There is some evidence from the WHI trial of increased risk of probable dementia in women who start using continuous combined or oestrogen-only HRT after the age of 65.
Treatment with surface active agents (e.g. sodium lauryl sulphate), or other drugs which alter barrier structure or function, could remove drug bound to the skin, altering transdermal flux. Therefore, patients should avoid the use of strong skin cleansers and detergents (e.g. benzalkonium or benzothonium chloride products), skin care products of high alcoholic content (astringents, sunscreens) and keratolytics (e.g. salicylic acid, lactic acid).
The use of any concomitant skin medication which alters skin production (e.g. cytotoxic drugs) should be avoided.
The metabolism of oestrogens may be increased by concomitant use of substances known to induce drug-metabolising enzymes, specifically cytochrome P450 enzymes, such as anticonvulsants (e.g. phenobarbital, phenytoin, carbamazepine) and anti- infectives (e.g. rifampicin, rifabutin, nevirapine, efavirenz).
Ritonavir and nelfinavir, although known as strong inhibitors, by contrast exhibit inducing properties when used concomitantly with steroid hormones. Herbal preparations containing St John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) may induce the metabolism of oestrogens.
At transdermal administration, the first-pass effect in the liver is avoided and thus, transdermally applied oestrogens HRT might be less affected than oral hormones by enzyme inducers.
Clinically, an increased metabolism of oestrogens and progestogens may lead to decreased effect and changes in the uterine bleeding profile.
Oestrogel is not indicated during pregnancy. If pregnancy occurs during medication with Oestrogel, treatments should be withdrawn immediately.
The results of most epidemiological studies to date relevant to inadvertent foetal exposure to oestrogens indicate no teratogenic of foetotoxic effects.
Oestrogel is not indicated during lactation.
None known.
a. Summary of the safety profile
The reporting rate of adverse drug reactions with Oestrogel was calculated as 5/10,000 patient year's corresponding to approximately five spontaneously reported cases in every 10,000 patients exposed to Oestrogel (Periodic Benefit Risk Evaluation Report 01 September 2016 to 30 November 2017).
b. Tabulated list of adverse reactions
The table below lists adverse experiences which were reported in > 10% of patients (regardless of relationship to treatment) who received percutaneous 17beta-estradiol gel 1.25 g (containing 0.75 mg of oestradiol) or 2.5 g (containing 1.5 mg of oestradiol) or placebo gel applied once daily for 12 weeks, in a multi-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in 221 postmenopausal women.
Adverse experiences (>10%) reported in a 221 patient placebo-controlled trial in postmenopausal women over a 12-week period
Adverse experience
(n=73)
0.75 mg oestradiol
1.5 mg oestradiol
Post-Marketing experience
The information given below is based on extensive post marketing experience from administration of Oestrogel.
Adverse effects have been ranked under headings of frequency using the following convention: very common (≥ 1/10); common (≥ 1/100; ≤ 1/10); uncommon (≥ 1/1,000; ≤ 1/100); rare (≥ 1/10,000; ≤ 1/1,000); very rare (<1/10,000); frequency not known (cannot be estimated from the available data).
System organ class
Frequency Not known (cannot be estimated from the available data)
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders
Undesirable effects observed with HRT products used in menopause are reported in the table below:
Frequency of occurrence of adverse reactions
(≥1/100; <1/10)
(≥1/1,000; <1/100)
(≥1/10,000; <1/1,000)
Change in libido
Vertigo,
Aggravation of epilepsy
Venous thromboembolic disease
Arterial hypertension
Nausea,
Hepatobiliary disorders
Liver function tests abnormalities
Skin decolouration,
Reproductive system and breast disorders
Breast swelling/pain,
Breast enlargement,
Dysmenorrhoea,
Menorrhagia,
Metrorrhagia,
Leucorrhoea,
Benign breast neoplasm,
Increased volume of uterine,
Vaginitis/vaginal candidiasis
Galactorrhoea
General disorders and administration site condition
Weight change (increase or decrease),
Water retention with peripheral oedema
Asthenia
Anaphylactic reaction (in women with past history of allergic reaction)
c. Description of selected adverse reactions
The following risks apply in relation to systemic oestrogen/progestagen treatment:
• An up to 2-fold increased risk of having breast cancer diagnosed is reported in women taking combined oestrogen-progestogen therapy for more than 5 years.
• Any increased risk in users of oestrogen-only therapy is substantially lower than that seen in users of oestrogen-progestogen combinations.
• The level of risk is dependent on the duration of use (see Section 4.4).
• Results of the largest randomised placebo-controlled trial (WHI-study) and largest epidemiological study (MWS) are presented.
Million Women study– Estimated additional risk of breast cancer after 5 years' use
Age range (years)
Additional cases per 1000 never-users of HRT over a 5 year period*2
Risk ratio & 95%CI#
Additional cases per 1000 HRT users over 5 years (95%CI)
Oestrogen only HRT
1-2 (0-3)
Combined oestrogen-progestogen
6 (5-7)
#Overall risk ratio. The risk ratio is not constant but will increase with increasing duration on use
Note: Since the background incidence of breast cancer differs by EU country, the number of additional cases of breast cancer will also change proportionately.
*2: Taken from baseline incidence rates in developed countries
US WHI studies - additional risk of breast cancer after 5 years' use
Incidence per 1000 women in placebo arm over 5 years
CEE oestrogen only
0.8 (0.7-1.0)
-4 (-6 – 0)*3
CEE + MPA oestrogen-progestogen‡
1.2 (1.0 – 1.5)
+4 (0 – 9)
‡When the analysis was restricted to women who had not used HRT prior to the study there was no increased risk apparent during the first 5 years of treatment: after 5 years the risk was higher than in non-users.
*3: WHI study in women with no uterus, which did not show an increase in risk of breast cancer
Endometrial cancer risk
Postmenopausal women with a uterus
The endometrial cancer risk is about 5 in every 1000 women with a uterus not using HRT.
In women with a uterus, use of oestrogen-only HRT is not recommended because it increases the risk of endometrial cancer (see section 4.4).
Depending on the duration of oestrogen-only use and oestrogen dose, the increase in risk of endometrial cancer in epidemiology studies varied from between 5 and 55 extra cases diagnosed in every 1000 women between the ages of 50 and 65.
Adding a progestogen to oestrogen-only therapy for at least 12 days per cycle can prevent this increased risk. In the Million Women Study (MWS) the use of five years of combined (sequential or continuous) HRT did not increase risk of endometrial cancer (RR of 1.0 (0.8-1.2).
Use of oestrogen-only or combined oestrogen-progestogen HRT has been associated with a slightly increased risk of having ovarian cancer diagnosed (see section 4.4).
A meta-analysis from 52 epidemiological studies reported an increased risk of ovarian cancer in women currently using HRT compared to women who have never used HRT (RR 1.43, 95% CI 1.31-1.56). For women aged 50 to 54 years taking 5 years of HRT, this results in about 1 extra case per 2000 users. In women aged 50 to 54 who are not taking HRT, about 2 women in 2000 will be diagnosed with ovarian cancer over a 5-year period.
Risk of venous thromboembolism
HRT is associated with a 1.3-3-fold increased relative risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE), i.e. deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. The occurrence of such an event is more likely in the first year of using HT (see section 4.4). Results of the WHI studies are presented:
WHI studies combined - Additional risk of VTE over 5 years' use
Risk ratio & 95%CI
Additional cases per 1000 HRT users
Oral oestrogen-only*4
1 (-3 – 10)
Oral combined oestrogen-progestogen
5 (1 – 13)
4 *Study in women with no uterus
Risk of coronary artery disease
The risk of coronary artery disease is slightly increased in users of combined oestrogen- progestogen HRT over the age of 60 (see section 4.4).
Risk of ischaemic stroke
The use of oestrogen-only and oestrogen + progestogen therapy is associated with an up to 1.5 fold increased relative risk of ischaemic stroke. The risk of haemorrhagic stroke is not increased during use of HRT.
This relative risk is not dependent on age or on duration of use, but as the baseline risk is strongly age-dependent, the overall risk of stroke in women who use HRT will increase with age, see section 4.4.
WHI studies combined - Additional risk of ischaemic stroke*5 over 5 years' use
Additional cases per 1000 HRT users over 5 years
1.3 (1.1– 1.6)
3 (1 – 5)
5*no differentiation was made between ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke.
The following adverse reactions have also been reported in association with systemic oestrogen/ progestogen treatment:
• Rash
• Chloasma/ melasma
• Abdominal pain
• Breast tenderness
• Breast enlargement
• Fluid retention/ oedema
• Weight changes
• Changes in libido
• Gall bladder disease
• Probable dementia over the age of 65 (see section 4.4)
• Skin and subcutaneous disorders: erythema multiforme, erythema nodosum, vascular purpura
Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the Yellow Card Scheme, website www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store.
Overdosage is unlikely with transdermal applications.
Overdoses of oestrogen may cause breast tenderness, nausea and withdrawal bleeding. These signs disappear when the treatment is stopped or when the dose is reduced.
There are no specific antidotes and treatment should be symptomatic.
Pharmacotherapeutic group: Sex hormones and modulators of the genital system - natural and semisynthetic oestrogens, plain.
ATC Code: G03CA03.
The onset of menopause results from a decline in the secretion of oestradiol and other oestrogens by the ovary resulting initially in the cessation of menstruation, followed by menopausal symptoms such as vasomotor symptoms (hot flushes and sweating), muscle cramps, myalgias, arthralgias, anxiety, atrophic vaginitis and kraurosis vulvae. Oestrogens are also an important factor in preventing bone loss and after the menopause women lose bone mineral content at an average rate of 15-20% in a ten year period.
As oestrogens promote the growth of endometrium, unopposed oestrogens increase the risk of endometrial hyperplasia and cancer. The addition of a progestogen greatly reduces the oestrogen-induced risk of endometrial hyperplasia in non-hysterectomised women.
• Relief of oestrogen deficiency symptoms and bleeding patterns
Relief of menopausal symptoms was achieved during the first few weeks of treatment. The rate of regular withdrawal bleeding or amenorrhoea depends on the individual posology and may vary on the individual patient.
• Prevention of osteoporosis
- Oestrogen deficiency at menopause is associated with an increasing bone turnover and decline in bone mass.
- The effect of oestrogens on the bone mineral density is dose-dependent. Protection appears to be effective for as long as treatment is continued. After discontinuation of HRT, bone mass is lost at a similar rate to that in untreated women.
- Evidence from the WHI trial and meta-analysed trials shows that current use of HRT, alone or in combination with a progestogen – given to predominantly healthy women- reduces the risk of hip, vertebral, and other osteoporotic fractures. HRT may also prevent fractures in women with low bone density and/or established osteoporosis, but the evidence for this is limited.
Pharmacokinetic studies indicate that, when applied topically to a large area of skin in a volatile solvent, approximately 10% of the oestradiol is percutaneously absorbed into the vascular system, regardless of the age of the patient.
Daily application of 2.5 g or 5 g Oestrogel over a surface area of 400-750 cm2 results in a gradual increase in oestrogen blood levels to steady state after approximately 3-5 days and provides circulating levels of both oestradiol and estrone equivalent in absolute concentrations and in their respective ratio to those obtained during the early-mid follicular phase of the menstrual cycle.
Oestrogel was administered to 17 postmenopausal women once daily on the posterior surface of one arm from wrist to shoulder for 14 consecutive days.
Maximum serum concentrations (Cmax) of oestradiol and estrone on Day 12 were 117 pg/ml and 128 pg/ml, respectively.
The time-averaged serum oestradiol and estrone concentrations (Caverage) over the 24hour dose interval after administration of 2.5 g of Oestrogel on Day 12 were 76.8 pg/ml and 95.7 pg/ml, respectively.
Biotransformation
Metabolism of oestradiol takes place mainly in the liver under oestriol, estrone and their conjugated metabolites (glucuronides, sulphates). These metabolites also undergo enterohepatic recirculation.
When treatment is stopped, oestradiol and urinary conjugated oestradiol concentrations return to baseline in about 76 hours.
Oestriol is the major urinary oestradiol metabolite. However, glucuronide and sulphate metabolites of oestradiol and oestrone are also found in urine and bile. Metabolites excreted in bile undergo enterohepatic recirculation or are excreted in the faeces.
Nonclinical data revealed no special hazard for humans based on conventional studies of safety pharmacology, repeated dose toxicity, genotoxicity, carcinogenic potential, toxicity to reproduction and development.
-Ethanol
-Carbomer
-Trolamine
-Purified water
Not known.
This medicinal product does not require any special storage conditions.
Metering canister composed of a polypropylene bottle, a LDPE pouch, a polypropylene metering pump and closed with a polypropylene cap, containing 80 g of gel.
No special requirements
Besins Healthcare
Avenue Louise, 287
PL 28397/0002
Legal category POM
Besins Healthcare (UK) Ltd
1st Floor, 28 Poland Street, London, W1F 8QN, UK
http://www.besinshealthcare.co.uk
Medical Information Direct Line | {
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Psychometric Properties of the Berger HIV Stigma Scale: A Systematic Review.
Wanjala SW., Too EK., Luchters S., Abubakar A.
Addressing HIV-related stigma requires the use of psychometrically sound measures. However, despite the Berger HIV stigma scale (HSS) being among the most widely used measures for assessing HIV-related stigma, no study has systematically summarised its psychometric properties. This review investigated the psychometric properties of the HSS. A systematic review of articles published between 2001 and August 2021 was undertaken (CRD42020220305) following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Additionally, we searched the grey literature and screened the reference lists of the included studies. Of the total 1241 studies that were screened, 166 were included in the review, of which 24 were development and/or validation studies. The rest were observational or experimental studies. All the studies except two reported some aspect of the scale's reliability. The reported internal consistency ranged from acceptable to excellent (Cronbach's alpha ≥ 0.70) in 93.2% of the studies. Only eight studies reported test-retest reliability, and the reported reliability was adequate, except for one study. Only 36 studies assessed and established the HSS's validity. The HSS appears to be a reliable and valid measure of HIV-related stigma. However, the validity evidence came from only 36 studies, most of which were conducted in North America and Europe. Consequently, more validation work is necessary for more precise insights.
10.3390/ijerph182413074
Int J Environ Res Public Health
HIV stigma scale, HIV/AIDS, psychometrics, stigma, HIV Infections, Humans, Psychometrics, Reproducibility of Results, Social Stigma, Surveys and Questionnaires | {
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Selling an internet enterprise service might require less capital than a company selling a bodily product. This would come with using search engines like google to increase your rating; potential use of associates to advertise your service or product; partaking in online dialogue on boards the place people who have their own home based business are successful and can offer assistance.
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"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Discussion in 'General Discussion' started by melsworld, Jun 10, 2008.
The / partition on this server is running out of disk space. WHM operation has been temporarily suspended to prevent something bad from happening. Please ask your system admin to remove any files not in use on that partition.
If you SSH into the server and enter cd / what files do you see? If there are files there that are not needed they should be deleted to free up some space. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
book reviews: september 2012 recap
My September Read of the Month
My slacker blogger days continue, which is pretty obvious when you figure I'm just NOW compiling my top reads of September... on Oct. 6. Better late than never, no use crying over spilled milk and any myriad of cliches could fit the bill.
But that's hardly the point.
I left my old job the first week of September and started a new one the second week. My life has been more than a little chaotic, but I am happy. And a little mentally unstable. Just now when I went to look back at my recent book reviews, I had a moment of panic where I thought, "How could I have only reviewed one book the whole month?" only to realize I was looking at October instead of September. I'm going crazy, my friends, but I suppose it was inevitable.
The good news from all of this: I re-configured my list to look at September, and I realized I managed to throw down a few books and write reviews last month if nothing else. It's probably, because I was too tired to do anything but read. And crochet. And listen to audio books, which I renewed my interest in, but that's a post for another day.
Without further adieu, and to stop making a long post even longer, here's a recap of my September book reviews, including my read of the month.
Rescue Me by Rachel Gibson
A bad boy gets reformed and a prodigal daughter returns to her roots in Rachel Gibson's Rescue Me.
Back in Lovett, Texas, the story revolves around Sadie Hollowell, the daughter of a widowed rancher, and Vince Haven, ex-Navy Seal and big brother to the heroine of Any Man of Mine. (Read my review of Any Man of Mine here.)
Sadie is back in the town she left behind after high school to play the role of thirty-something bridesmaid to her twenty-something cousin. Dreading the questions of why she is unmarried and why she does not come home to visit her daddy more, Sadie asks Vince to be her date to the wedding. In town to visit his aunt, Vince is not looking for any strings, but finds himself tagging along as repayment for an earlier favor.
Read the rest of the review here.
Rating 4 of 5
Sign of Seven trilogy by Nora Roberts
Ancestry, blood and love create a bond strong enough to go up against an ancient evil force in Nora Roberts Signs of Seven trilogy: Blood Brothers, The Hollow and The Pagan Stone.
Caleb, Fox and Gage have been linked before their birth on the same day, July 7. In honor of their mutual tenth birthday, the boys hike to the Pagan Stone, a legendary marker in the woods near their hometown, which is rumored to have mystical powers. The boys holds a makeshift ceremony to make themselves blood brothers. Instead of giving them the link they hoped, they unlock an evil power, which has been dormant more than 300 years.
As a result, every seven years, on the seventh day of the seventh month, the dark demon takes over the town of Hawkins Hollow for seven days, causing the locals to inexplicably turn on each other -- arson, murder, rape and more during an event dubbed the Seven. In the months preceding the Seven of their 31st birthday, the three men sense this year will be even worse and stronger than in years past. This year, the fight will be over, win or lose.
Rating 4.5 of 5
Finding Out by Sheryn MacMunn
A thirty-something woman's life is thrown into personal and financial upheaval when her prince charming turns out to be a toad in Sheryn MacMunn's Finding Out.
After seven years together, Sheila Davenport comes home from a business trip to find her boyfriend, Joe, has moved out, left her for another woman and cleared the bulk of their joint account. While her friends encourage her to move on and find someone else, Sheila is left to deal with the aftermath, which includes the need to find new bedroom furniture and pay months of unpaid bills left by her ex-creep. Throw in job drama and her life looks pretty bleak.
Then, Sheila befriends her next door neighbor, and 86-year-old woman with a full past. Through their friendship, Sheila develops the perspective and backbone necessary to tackle her issues.
Free Gift With Purchase by Jackie Pilossoph
Two sisters give finding love a second chance in Jackie Pilossoph's Free Gift With Purchase.
Emma was widowed and left to raise her daughter alone, while her older sister, Laura, recently split from her husband of more than 20 years after he left her for one of the women he was sleeping with. Both sisters are completely different. Emma is more fun-loving while Laura is responsible. Both rely on each other as they enter the dating world for a second time, now in their 40s.
While each copes with issues from their past, each enjoys relationships with varying types: womanizers, stalkers, liars and a string of Matts. Some of serious, some care-free, but all of them help each woman come out of her shell to make the change necessary to develop their lives.
Breaking the Rules by Cat Lavoie
Complicated hardly covers it when describing Roxy Rule's life in Cat Lavoie's debut novel, Breaking the Rules. (Read an excerpt here.)
Between clashing with her fiance over table linens and guests lists and working as an assistant for one of the most obnoxious bosses ever, Roxy's world is already chaotic when she sneaks a passionate kiss with her lifelong best friend, Ollie, as he departs for London. After the act stirs up some previously undetected emotions, she tries to settle them while dealing with everything else on her plate, which now includes having her two sisters move into her apartment. And one of them is pregnant and the father is a big surprise no one expected.
Will Roxy follow the rules and take the easiest path for her life or take a chance on the unknown?
Finding Lucas by Samantha Stroh Bailey
Samantha Stroh Bailey's Finding Lucas offers a dose of humor and emotion for anyone who has ever wondered what could have been.
Jamie Ross has been with Derek for five years. Until recently, she has seen him as everything she wanted. She wakes up and realizes that not only is he not what she thought, but he has also done a number on her confidence.
Determined to find the Jamie she used to be, she decides to take a trip down memory lane and find her old boyfriend Lucas, the man who used to make her feel like she could do or be anything. At the same time, she becomes close to her boss, who is also going through relationship pains. Finding Lucas is the story of using the past to move on from the present to have a future.
Last Minute Love by Romi Moondi
Romi Moondi's hilarious story-telling is back with Last Minute Love, the sequel to her equally entertaining Year of the Chick.
When we last saw Romi Narinda, she had just met the man she's been chatting up for a whirlwind day in New York City. Though she thinks she may have found Mr. Right, she still has to deal with those pesky parents who have big plans for her.
The Other Way by Diane Strong
Diane Strong offers an intriguing and fast read with her novella The Other Way.
The Other Way tells the story of Isaac Fisher, an Amish man who felt compelled to leave his community and identity behind after he impregnates a woman during his teenage rumspringa. Unhappy in his new life, and longing for the life -- and love -- he left behind.
True Love Way by Nancy Scrofano
Nancy Scrofano offers a fun and entertaining read about a quirky heroine who is determined to rekindle the sparks with an old flame in True Love Way.
I am a fan of Nancy's work as a blogger and reviewer, so I was especially delighted to find myself a fan of her fiction as well.
The Not So Secret Emails of Coco Pinchard by Robert Bryndza
A middle-aged woman's life undergoes significant transformation, and she logs it all with emails, in Robert Bryndza's The Not So Secret Emails of Coco Pinchard.
Coco's story made for a quick and entertaining one to read. Using emails to tell the story was a fun and modern way for a character to keep a diary of sorts. Using emails kept the story moving through a significant period of time quite quickly in a natural way. I found some of the emails a little too long and literary to be believable, but they were still written well, which more than made up for it.
In Need of Therapy by Tracie Banister *** READ OF THE MONTH ***
Tracie Banister continues to be one of my favorite new authors with her latest offering, In Need of Therapy.
In Need of Therapy is a laugh out loud story about a fun and somewhat unconventional leading lady. She is sassy and independent, and I loved her from the get go.
Labels: 2012, book review recap
interview with the author of 'the saint's devlish ...
book review: the saint's devilish deal
excerpt of 'the saint's devilish deal'
interview with the author of 'suburban task force'...
book review: suburban task force
book review: what lies behind
bonus post: chick lit chat wrap
meet your future three-peat nanowrimo winner
interview with the author of 'november surprise'
book review: november surprise
excerpt of 'november surprise'
interview with the author of 'dangerous woman'
fifty shades of pumpkin painting
interview with the author of 'that time of the mon...
book review: that time of the month
the most awesome part of waking up
behind the scenes with me
dream cast
book review: picture perfect
book review: we're done
sugar and stars
book review: sugarfiend
excerpt of 'sugarfiend' | {
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This program is useful for people who cannot be on irc all the time. Its used to keep a connection to irc and your irc client connected, or also allows to act as a normal bouncer by disconnecting from the irc server when the client disconnects. Being installed on a shell with a permanently connected machine you stay connected as long you want or until the program crashes *g*.
Due to the fact this programm allows multiple Users at the same time (just change MAXUSER in the config.h file to get less or more possible Users) you can also trade kinds of connections with other people running only one backgroundtask at all.
Thats very interesting by using shells which prohibit more than one backgroundtask.
Remember, sometimes admins also care about traffic, traffic by one client connected to irc is approx. 170 MBytes of traffic per month.
every structure will be created on demand. Also files will be only read once to improve performance.
psyBNC2.1 has been completely rewritten in socket management. Up to Version 2.0.2 every socket was single selected for socket action. From 2.1 on, a select appears once, then all sockets will be processed. This enhances performance on a big amount of connections rapidly and lets them being processed without any lag.
Also, psyBNC2.1 has been structurized. psyBNC1.0 was meant as pipe only, and it grew in the meantime.
psyBNC2.2 has been completely rewritten in string and configuration files handling.
without creating traffic to the server.
was added. And some bugs fixed.
What is psyBNC capable of ?
listen (standard is set to 31337. arent we cool ?).
the handling of curses and the shell host has curses installed.
just want to automize that process even when you are connected.
getting ops from those (see bot-dcc).
a shared full compatible IRCD using the network token "int".
using the token int~ (e. g. /join int~#mychannel).
only one client programm running on your home box.
13.)It has inbuild password-encryption. Changed to blowfish on version 2.1.
added botname with a leading ')'.
15.)It has connection and talk encryption.
After the keys where set, a block encrypted bouncer connection is build.
Symetric encryption is done using the blowfish and IDEA algorithm.
set different keys also to users or channels.
would have to install the OpenSSL package available on www.openssl.org.
setup stunnel on his home machine.
16.)It has a translation module.
Keep in mind: You need to talk CLEAR to get it translated.
would have a nice chance to get translated.
config.h to disable features as like CRYPT, TRANSLATE or PARTYCHANNEL.
bouncer. Remember, that also linkhosts need to be added.
Moved to the psybnc.conf file in version 2.2.
if the automatic detection on start senses an existing IPv6 API.
users will get their logins as ident.
and make it readable for all users.
environment is currently in use and compile to this.
(b) The only thing it needs is psybnc.conf in its application Directory.
let psybnc listen on port 31337 on all IPs of your machine.
on IPv6 if supported by your machine.
the listener on that ip.
This would create a SSL-encrypted Listening socket.
link it to other bouncers.
*/BREHASH -> rehashes the proxy. Kills all connections.
/SETLEAVEMSG [network~]text -> sets leave message. It will be posten when you leave.
If set to $QUIT , your Quit-Msg will be posted.
which state, since when open and other infos.
in the from eggdrop known way (op password #channel).
care, because spoofing is still possible on most of the ircnetworks.
(6) If psyBNC got disconnected, the client will rejoin the channels on reconnect.
/LISTASK [network~] -> List of hostmasks and passwords to Ask Op.
support a password in /ADDASK.
there will be no password sent via irc. That way is recommended.
Passwords get encrypted using a hash created on compiling time.
to your bouncer, all queries will be logged to your private log.
/ERASEPRIVATELOG [network~] -> Erases your logged queries.
would log everything on #blah.
/ERASETRAFFICLOG -> erases the traffic log, starts new.
monitor all joins, parts or Kicks.
to identify it in the network.
Connection is handled as SSL-Connection.
port that could link to your bouncer.
/LISTLINKS -> lists all added links in the network.
associated vhosts of your machine.
networks by using one client only.
was used, so psyBNC had to change it.
instead of /QUERY joe. You got the clue ?
your old main as "newname" network.
cant be on multiple networks :).
at the same time. Maybe mIRC acts funny :>.
password encryption and therefore crackable with some effort.
all your passwords. If not, its much harder.
(14)You can establish dcc connections to bots from psyBNC.
partyline successfully, it can ask for op from the bot.
an SSL-Connection will be tried.
would set your query to the bots partyline.
instead of querying to the irc client matching its hostname.
because of possible spoofed clients who got op by takeover.
sniffing kiddies and to protect your privacy on irc.
a channel, every person on the channel has to have the key.
/LISTENCRYPT -> Lists all encryption adresses and passwords.
can be requested from me (mail to [email protected]).
Machine to connect to psyBNC, if you want to encrypt Listeners as well.
* This functionality needs CRYPT defined before compiling.
if you dont use it.
psyBNC allows you to set a user or channel as translation source/dest.
it also will be translated.
as also the english text.
posted in german to the channel.
* This functionality needs -DTRANSLATE defined before compiling.
This has to be done before Compilation.
You can only set BLOWFISH OR IDEA. Not both at the same time.
use the selected encryption on sending data.
TRANSLATE -> Enables the translator.
TRAFFICLOG -> Allows you to log traffic.
Possibly you are not interested in privacy, so disable Crypting.
Or you dont want a translation module, so just disable it.
A Host may be entered with matchcodes.
Also psyBNCs which want to link have to be added.
on them if you also connect from outside to this host via IPv6.
be realised for IPv6 the way it was done in psybnc.
(20) psyBNC2.2 offers the use of scripting in a cgi-stylish way.
Read the File SCRIPTING, which is included in every psyBNC-Package.
of other users. This could not be solved in another way.
Providerowners possibly would like to disable this function.
files on the shell and from the shell.
An established DCC Chat gets into a query from (nick.
DCC Chats from ports lower than 1024 will be denied for security reasons.
files off/on. Default is off.
of oidentd for further informations.
be readable by all users.
If present, psyBNC denies the change of userspecific settings.
Port with a psyBNC-Link or with a SSL-supporting Client.
first listending port on 12345.
listening Port of the Linkto-Bouncer.
(25) psyBNC from version 2.3 allows multi-language-capabilities.
language file in the directory lang/.
Current arguments only can be "german" or "english".
The setting takes place, after the command was issued.
If you want to create a language File for you country.
take a look on lang/english.lng.
match to the english Pattern.
command will be taken to all channels.
Do not use [#chan] but #chan. The brackets only show its optional.
your standard server connection will be adressed.
also here that its just optional.
internal bouncer channel. This channel is not existent on irc.
set the topic, which is also broadcasted to the restnetwork.
The channel is defined by the name &partyline.
- intnet needs #define INTNET in the config.h file.
Partyline needs #define PARTYCHANNEL in the config.h file.
nick will be given as entered command.
(c) Contact me: [email protected] - on many channels. i love irc.
be ignored, but a query wont.
If you want to contact me, please try on ircnet first.
the guy having "www.psychoid.lam3rz.de" in his real name.
for use in the Apache HTTP server project (http://www.apache.org/)."
Thanks to all those who report bugs. A tool lives from its users.
if anything gets screwed. Read the GNU-Public license which is included. | {
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Gillian hails from the Aspen Parklands region of Saskatchewan, Canada and has been in love with horses since her first pony ride at the local fair.
"Its not always about riding"- Gillian's personal motto, the relationship is the priority at work here. "I may not be an expert in any of the disciplines of horsemanship, but I treasure the relationship I have with my mare, and her ability to help me develop trust and respect within myself."
Gillian brings a strong background in sales and public relations to the HOT Sales Force.
Gillian enjoys getting out and meeting like-minded horsey folks and looks forward to assisting Horse Owner Today in becoming the Go-To site for all things horsey. | {
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Choke Chain by Jason Donald has a long emotional reach. Set in 1980's apartheid South Africa it narrates the Thorne's dysfunctional family life with clarity and compassion. Domesticity, gender politics and inequality are explored kitchen-sink style in this simmering story where two brothers, Alex, aged twelve, and Kevin, eight, grow up in poverty with an abusive dad to boot.
Whilst the two boys learn how to manage the inevitable injustice of peer politics out on the streets, they're also exposed to physical abuse, low-level crime and racist ideologies from their father, Bruce. Bruce Thorne is macho and emotionally challenged, a man largely fuelled by volatility who wants his boys to learn the language of conflict, the way of the fist. He is a man hell bent on teaching his family who to hate because it's all he knows.
The stand out feature of this book for me is Donald's emotional restraint. The novel is a real exhibit of narrative control. Bruce Thorne uses routine violence and emotional abuse that is drip-fed throughout the story in subtle, coercive ways so that the narrative has an accumulative effect. By the time the family starts to really dismantle under Bruce's punitive regime even the reader is hard-pushed to justify precisely which of Bruce's emotional manipulations are worst and where it all went wrong. Structurally, this gets reinforced by Donald's use of short chapters, each maybe only two or three pages long. Every chapter provides economical bursts of family life told in Alex's memorable voice using innocuous titles such as 'Onion', 'Ears' 'Avocado', an inventory of familiar words which take on sinister emotional associations with each singular act of cruelty.
This novel evokes the eighties in spades. Nostalgia that transports you to the past is uplifting and at times had me nodding in identification. There is Kentucky Fried Chicken in a bucket and GI Joes, there is Wolverine, GTI cars, afternoons doing wheelies on BMX bikes on the sun-licked streets with Popeye on the box. The only drawback for me within these eighties icons was the use of the outdated choke chain; an item stereotypically associated with working class dog owners and breeders. Early on, Bruce teaches Alex how to do a choke hold and he nearly loses consciousness in an incident of abuse that makes for uncomfortable reading. Later, Bruce gives his sons an undernourished dog they don't really want and insists they train it using a choke chain. The resonance of correcting a dog's behaviour with such a crude instrument and its parallels with Bruce's parenting was not lost on me but I felt it was too obvious a comparison when Donald had already achieved such a tensile emotional balance already. That said, it's a minor burr in a strong debut.
This is a novel about boys becoming men from a position of poverty. It focuses on social inequality and racism but predominantly holds its lens up to the insidious patterns of paternal abuse. Vibrant and with lashings of discomfort, Donald does a fine job of bringing (extra) ordinary domestic lives to the page.
Choke Chain is published by Vintage and is available to purchase here.
Read our review of Jason Donald's Dalila here.
Jason Donald was born in Scotland and grew up in South Africa. He studied English Literature and Philosophy at St Andrews University and, in 2005, graduated from Glasgow University's Creative Writing Masters Degree programme with distinction. His first novel, Choke Chain, was published by Cape in 2009.
Posted in book reviews and tagged Abuse, Apartheid, Book, Book Blog, book review, book reviews, Bookworm, Choke Chain, Dalila, drama, Fiction, Fiction Review, gender, Jason Donald, novel, Penguin Random House, Politics, reviews, South Africa, Vintage Books, Violence. Bookmark the permalink. | {
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Perlen-Shop.ch, Swarovski - Perlen - Rocailles - Schmuck - Zubehör bei Perlen-Shop.ch - Cat-Eye, Facet, white, 8mm, 10 pc.
Main page » Beads » Glass Beads » Facet Polished » 8mm » Cat-Eye, Facet, white, 8mm, 10 pc.
Cat-Eye, Facet, white, 8mm, 10 pc. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Храм Святой и Живоначальной Троицы (Свято-Троицкая церковь) — старообрядческий православный храм в посёлке Шувое городского округа Егорьевск Московской области. Относится к Московской епархии Русской православной старообрядческой церкви. Памятник архитектуры регионального значения.
Храм построен в 1925 или 1927 году в бывшей деревне Нареево (вошло в состав Шувое). В бывшей деревни Шувое было три старообрядческих храма, принадлежавшее к окружническому, неокружническому и лужковскому согласиям — все были посвящены Святой Троицы и не сохранились.
История
Старообрядческая моленная в деревне Нареева существовала ещё в первой половине XIX века. В частности, 22 ноября 1839 года было издано правительственное распоряжение о закрытии моленной, но его действие было приостановлено «дабы не раздражать оным до уборки хмелевых садов, так как чрез это имеют безбедное содержание при возвышающихся ценах».
Современная церковь построена в 1927 году (по другим данным — в 1925 году) вместо сгоревшей деревянной. Достоверных данных о священнике нет. Возможно, им был отец Георгий Целехов. Перед Великой Отечественной войной храм был закрыт и использовался для военных нужд. В 1946 году возвращён верующим, а его настоятелем стал протоиерей Пётр Семёнович Михеев, благочинный приходов Московской области. О. Пётр служил в Шувойской Троицкой церкви (окружнической) до 1930 года, когда был репрессирован. Шувойская церковь была закрыта и сожжена, поэтому в 1946 году Шувойская и Нареевская общины объединились. О. Пётр служил в храме до своей смерти в 1953 году. После него настоятелем был отец Никола Сорокин. После смерти о. Николы в 1968 годы церковь осталась без настоятеля и окормлялась священниками из села Алёшино.
Без настоятеля община постепенно вырождалась. После возвращения в 1990-х храма в Егорьевске священники стали приезжать всё реже. В начале 2000-х годов митрополит Алимпий (Гусев) переосвящал храм, потому что старый престол сгнил и его пришлось ремонтировать. В 2009 году для храма был рукоположен иерей Максим Андреев, постепенно возродивший общину. Под его руководством построен церковный дом, открыта воскресная школа, возрождена традиция крёстного ходы в честь Шувойско-Губинской иконы Божией Матери, проводится фестиваль «Гуслицкие встречи».
Примечания
Городской округ Егорьевск
Шувое
Шувое
Культовые сооружения, построенные в 1925 году
Здания и сооружения, построенные в 1925 году в России
Шувое | {
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The Walking Dead: Season Three – Clementine Returns!
Robert Kirkman has revealed that we'll be seeing more of our Season 2 protagonist, though possibly in a much different light.
In a recent talk with IGN, series creator Robert Kirkman has revealed that Season 2 protagonist (and Season 1 side-character) Clementine will be making an appearance in Season 3 – though possibly in a much different way than we've seen before. "We'll be checking in on Clementine, we'll see what's going with her again," Kirkman told IGN, adding later that Season 3 would take place closer to where the current comics are in timeline.
Well, Clementine took her protagonist cap for season to shortly after the outbreak, so it looks like we'll be skipping ahead a few years. This leaves them plenty of time to address the multiple endings of the second season, and will likely leave us with a much more grown up (in the physical sense at least) Clem.
The one other thing of note is that while it's been confirmed that Clementine will make an appearance, it hasn't been said whether she'll be reprising her role as lead – leading many to believe she'll be relegated to side-character once more as yet another face takes the reigns.
Either way however, it sounds like Season 3 is shaping up to be mighty interesting… don't you think?
Gee I really need to go and play season 2. The ending of the first game left me too emotionally scarred at the time lol! | {
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Located in the heart of leafy Margaret River, we have an amazing range of women's fashion collections in sizes 8 to 16. Like some of the best designs, our philosophy at Sagika Boutique is beautifully simple – when you look good, you feel great! We pride ourselves on personalised service. Open seven days a week, our experienced and friendly team even offer out-of-hours personal styling.
WE WILL HELP YOU LOOK YOUR BEST BY FINDING CLOTHES THAT SUIT YOUR INDIVIDUAL SHAPE, PERSONALITY AND LIFESTYLE. | {
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Just wondering if there is anyone going to TCD this fall?
Congrats. TCD students that I've met are pretty happy.
Just curious, what made you decide to choose Trinity? Was it your first choice?
Theres a big chance I'm going to Trinity, if I dont get 4yr course acceptance from other Universities.
I paid mine today and they said it should arrive in Ireland on Wednesday. You might be able to rush it or it might be quicker to pay on credit, not sure though.
Well I've heard good things about Trinity but really, in the end it, was the only school to accept me so far. I had an interview at Limerick but decided Trinity was probably the better choice. Older school, widely recognised and in the middle of Dublin.
Similar to my thinking. I also have acceptance from Galway, but I can't seem to find much information about their curriculum and courses!
Housing situation? What is more common for 1st years? On-campus housing or apartment?
Well, I paid my deposit today (or at least sent the wire transfer). If you are paying by wire transfer get it done today bc they couldnt even guarantee that it would be there by friday (cross your fingers for me).
As compared to other schools, I'm going with Trinity hands down. I only applied to Galway besides Trinity and was accepted to both. When it comes down to it, reputation does matter. Especially since I plan on matching in the US, just people knowing that Trinity is the Oxford of Ireland will make a difference, but that's just MO.
Are you serious? I was thinking the residence halls would be more convenient, as I've never been to Ireland before! How expensive on average would it be to rent an apartment for one + all the utilities (internet, gas, electric, water).
I was also told that international students are only allowed housing at Trinity Hall which is an hour walk from campus. I'm getting a flat also, I've heard they go for something like 1200 euros for a two person place so 600 per person. Try daft.ie.
Are international students required to be in university housing?
Um, NO! haha, I pretty much hated the halls and wont live there. The firealarm LITERALLY went off every day and the kitchen and showers were communal. There are nicer halls, but I dont know if they would be open to us, and I heard they are more expensive than flats... by ALOT! daft. ie is where I have perused, but remember the good flats go fast so just get an idea of how much they cost and the area. You do not want to be living in Dublin 15 (unless you have a vehicle). I'm sticking to the Dublin 1, 2 area. Maybe a bit further out, but it would depend on the place. Steer clear of temple bar area flats unless you like the loud music and parades going on underneath your flat at 2:30 am. I'm taking the advice of a current Triner (I'm not sure I like that term yet) and am flying over early to get a flat before I make the ultimate move. This is just my current thought process. Then again, I have no idea how much I can spend til loans go through anyways.
There are good places on both north and south side. A lot of med students rent places in Smithfield, IFSC, Rathmines, Ranelagh. If you get a place that requires a bus make sure it is a regular bus service or on the Luas or Dart lines. The National College of Ireland in IFSC lets out student accommodation to non NCI students.
I don't know a whole lot of TCD students, just my experience from studying there, and the few that I do know. North or South... even across on the river.... either way, as long as you are within a feasible distance. Or if you plan on having a car..... Well, consider me your new best friend! lol. Naturally, flats are nicer the farther you go.... that's what the saying, "location, location, location" tends to imply. But, from what I saw, the flats tend to be relatively nice.... then again I do live in New Orleans, lol! Temple Bar is this kind of clubby area with the "Temple Bar". Major touristy place but I really cant complain about it bc I do like it, lol! The area is just usually bumpin a lot at night. Its west and a little south of Trinity if my memory recollects. Then again, I really need to refresh on dublin maps!
On another note, Aren't there ANY Americans heading to TCD?
All you Canadians are going to have me talking funny, ey? LOOK it's started already!!!!!!
Dont think the accommodation service is much use for places outside of College accommodation. The Students Union do have a service but they don't set it up until early September......offers for Irish students don't go out until August. You are probably better off sticking to daft.ie or myhome.ie.
I am starting dentistry at Trinity this September. Totally confused about where to live and looking to find someone to rent with. Anyone else in a similar predicament?!
Anyone know of a thread for the incoming class of 2016? I am traveling from the U.S in September and would appreciate some tips on housing for the first year medical students. It appears that international students are encouraged to stay at Trinity Hall. Any other ideas?
Trinity Hall really isn't that bad... I didn't live there during my time at Trinity, but the suites are fairly nice and there are buses (although they can be packed in the mornings). I think now you can Luas (subway) ? but I'm not sure. Honestly, if you bike it's a pretty straight forward bike ride. When I lived in Dublin, I biked everywhere. None of my friends complained about fire alarms and really, Trinity Hall isn't as bad as the prevous poster complained about. But it won't be luxurious by American standards.
I also lived two years on campus, which was handy. Again, not luxurious but it did the job.
when I had apts, I lived in Christchuch and Islandbridge (near St. James's). smithfield is an up-and-coming place with plenty of medical people, but honestly... the north side can be a bit more crime-ridden than the south side, although there are definitely shady spots on the south side too.
What people could do is live in Halls their first year til you get a better lay of the land, then if you don't like Halls move out after your first year.
As a dedicated Northsider for all my time in Dublin, I like to think of it as 'full of personality' not "crime-ridden"
hehe ok in fairness, smithfield is getting better all the time and the ifsc is nice. Even when I was in christchurch, the little park attached to the apt. complex had to be closed because the addicts would sit there and shoot up the whole day. | {
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Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco | Is Boomer Retirement Still Weighing Down U.S. Equity Markets?
The persistent run-up of U.S. stock prices over the past year and the recent sell-off both raise the question: Is the stock market due for a correction?
In an earlier Economic Letter (Liu and Spiegel 2011), we argued that the upcoming waves of retirement of the baby boom generation born between 1946 and 1964 could push down U.S. equity markets. As boomers reach retirement age, they are likely to shift from buying stocks to selling them to finance retirement, and this massive sell-off could depress equity values. We based our argument on a strong historical relationship between the age distribution of the U.S. population and stock market performance that has prevailed since the mid-1950s.
Since that Letter was published, however, there appears to have been a breakup in the relationship. Figure 1 shows the Standard & Poor's 500 Index price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio (solid blue line) and the ratio of middle-age to old-age population or M/O ratio (red line) from 1954 to 2016. The M/O ratio shown here is the ratio of the U.S. population between ages 40 and 49 to those between ages 60 and 69.
The figure shows that the P/E ratio and the M/O ratio tracked each other well through 2010. In the two decades between 1981 and 2000, as the baby boomers reached their peak working and saving years, the M/O ratio rose steadily from about 1.2 to 2.1. During the same period, the P/E ratio tripled from about 8 to 24. Since 2001, the baby-boom generation has been gradually moving from working to retirement, and the next much smaller "baby bust" generation has entered its peak working and saving years. These demographic changes have resulted in steady declines in the M/O ratio, which matched the declines in the P/E ratio over the first decade of this century.
Since 2011, however, the close correlation between demographic patterns and equity values has disappeared. The M/O ratio has continued to fall, but the P/E ratio has been steadily climbing. Formal statistical analysis confirms this apparent change in the historical relationship. We used the estimated relationship between the P/E ratio and the M/O ratio from our earlier work, extrapolating from the 1954 to 2010 data to estimate what our model would have predicted for the path of the P/E ratio up to 2016 given realized movements in the M/O ratio.
Figure 1 shows that the actual P/E ratio (solid blue line) tracked our predicted P/E ratio (dashed blue line) closely from the mid-1950s to 2011, but diverged from the predicted path after 2011. While the actual P/E ratio of 13.4 stayed very close to the model-based forecast of 13.0 in 2011, the actual P/E ratio rose to about 20.6 by the end of 2016, more than twice the forecast value of 9.1. The recent sell-off moved the P/E ratio only marginally closer to our model's forecast.
This breakdown between demographic trends and equity values raises the question: Should we expect a large correction in stock markets, similar to what we observed in the early 1990s? In that decade, the P/E ratio departed significantly from the demographic-based forecasts, then fell back sharply to the forecast path.
The answer is uncertain. As we argued in our earlier Letter, the empirical relation between demographic trends and equity valuation that we identified in the historical data through 2010 could be spurious. Demographic trends are predictable, so current stock prices should already reflect investor expectations of the impact of recent and upcoming demographic changes (see Poterba 2014 for a similar argument). Furthermore, retirees may continue to hold stocks to leave to their heirs and as a source of wealth in case they live longer than expected (Poterba 2001). Going forward, foreign demand could also reduce the sensitivity of U.S. equities to domestic U.S. demand. However, most other affluent countries in the world are aging as well (Liu, Spiegel, and Wang 2014).
Nonetheless, there are valid arguments for a role for demographic trends in stock valuation. According to the Survey of Consumer Finances, stock market participation varies over the life cycle, first rising with age to a peak around ages 55-64, then declining significantly at older ages (Figure 2). Given these life cycle changes, the aging of the baby boomers and the broader shift of the age distribution in the population could adversely affect equity markets (Abel 2001, 2003; Brooks 2002).
Ultimately, even if a "boomer effect" on equity markets does exist, historical patterns suggest that the timing and magnitude of any correction could be highly uncertain.
Zheng Liu is a senior research advisor and Mark M. Spiegel is a vice president in the Economic Research Department of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.
Abel, Andrew B. 2003. "The Effects of a Baby Boom on Stock Prices and Capital Accumulation in the Presence of Social Security." Econometrica 71(2), pp. 551–578.
Brooks, Robin. 2002. "Asset-Market Effects of the Baby Boom and Social-Security Reform." American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings 92(2), pp. 402–406.
Liu, Zheng and Mark M. Spiegel. 2011. "Boomer Retirement: Headwinds for U.S. Equity Markets?" FRBSF Economic Letter 2011-26, August 22.
Liu, Zheng, Mark M. Spiegel, and Bing Wang. 2014. "Global Aging: More Headwinds for U.S. Stocks?" FRBSF Economic Letter 2014-38, December 22.
Poterba, James M. 2001. "Demographic Structure and Asset Returns." Review of Economics and Statistics 83(4), pp. 565–584.
Poterba, James M. 2014. "Retirement Security in an Aging Population." American Economic Review 104(5), pp. 1-30. | {
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biostatistics Archives
Biostatistics expert Zeger set for next Discovery Lecture
Apr. 11, 2019—Scott Zeger, PhD, professor of Biostatistics at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Baltimore and a leading expert on the application of biostatistics to improve health around the world, will deliver the next Flexner Discovery Lecture on Thursday, April 18.
Analyzing single-cell landscapes
Nov. 29, 2018—Vanderbilt researchers have developed a new tool for quantifying data from single-cell studies.
Smoking rate at VUMC falls to 3.5 percent
Nov. 13, 2018—by Wayne Wood The rate of smoking at Vanderbilt University Medical Center has dropped significantly in the past 15 years, to only 3.5 percent, down from 12.1 percent in 2003. That means that the rate of smoking at VUMC is below the Tennessee rate of 22 percent and the U.S. rate of 16 percent. The...
Matheny elected to American College of Medical Informatics
Nov. 1, 2018—Michael Matheny, MD, MS, MPH, associate professor of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Medicine, is one of 18 fellows recently elected to the American College of Medical Informatics (ACMI).
Malin elected to National Academy of Medicine
Oct. 15, 2018—Bradley Malin, PhD, professor of Biomedical Informatics, Biostatistics and Computer Science, is among 85 newly elected members of the National Academy of Medicine (NAM), the organization announced this week.
Study finds acetaminophen helps reduce acute kidney injury risk in children following cardiac surgery
May. 14, 2018—Children who underwent cardiac surgery were less likely to develop acute kidney injury if they had been treated with acetaminophen in the first 48 hours after their procedures, according to a Vanderbilt study just published in JAMA Pediatrics.
Disparities in influenza outcomes
Oct. 30, 2017—Neighborhood determinants – represented by census tract data – contribute to the risk of influenza hospitalization and could be used to guide interventions such as vaccinations to high-risk areas.
Goal of new tissue-chip research is to assess efficacy of novel epilepsy drugs
Sep. 20, 2017—An interdisciplinary team of Vanderbilt University researchers has received a two-year, $2-million federal grant to develop an "organ-on-chip" model for two genetic forms of epilepsy.
Study seeks to streamline validation of EHR data
Aug. 31, 2017—Vanderbilt University Medical Center has been approved for a $1 million funding award by the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) to study more efficient and feasible ways to validate electronic health records (EHR) and incorporate this information into medical studies.
Shyr named chair of Department of Biostatistics
Jul. 20, 2017—Yu Shyr, Ph.D., Harold L. Moses Professor of Cancer Research and director of the Vanderbilt Center for Quantitative Sciences, has been named chair of Vanderbilt's Department of Biostatistics. He will assume the post Sept. 1.
Lindsell named to key VICTR, IMPH and Biostatistics leadership roles
Jul. 13, 2017—Christopher Lindsell, Ph.D., nationally known for building clinical, translational and emergency medicine research programs at the University of Cincinnati, has been named director of the Research Methods Program in the Vanderbilt Institute of Clinical and Translational Research (VICTR).
Automation speeds clinical safety surveillance: study
Jan. 26, 2017—Using patient outcomes data from approximately 1,800 hospitals, the largest demonstration to date of automated safety surveillance of a medical device is reported in this week's New England Journal of Medicine. | {
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VIDEO: Oldest Living American to Celebrate 116th Birthday with Parade
Amy Furr
The oldest living American will celebrate her 116th birthday on Saturday in Charlotte, North Carolina, with a festive parade.
Hester Ford was born on August 15, 1904, in Lancaster, South Carolina, when Theodore Roosevelt had been elected to a second term as president, according to WBNS.
The outlet continued:
She worked on a farm where she not only planted and picked cotton but plowed the field and cut wood. Ford was married and the couple had 12 children; eight girls and four boys. She moved to Charlotte in 1953 where she worked for more than 20 years as a nanny for two families in Myers Park. She has 12 children, 48 grandchildren, 108 great-grandchildren, and approximately 120 great-great-grandchildren.
For a long time, Ford thought her birthday was in 1905, but 2019 Census Bureau documents showed she was born in 1904.
"Ford is now the oldest person in the country, and the seventh oldest person in the world, according to the Gerontology Research Group," the WBNS article read.
To celebrate the big day, grandchildren Mary Hill and Clayton Harris planned a drive-thru party for their beloved grandmother.
"We are doing a re-do of 115 and celebrating 116 coming into," Hill explained, adding, "So we are excited about the cars coming back in and just acknowledging her and letting them know that we love her."
The coronavirus pandemic was nothing new to Ford since she lived through the Spanish Flu pandemic of 1918, according to her grandkids.
"She said this kind of reminds her of that time back then. She just said she remembers that a lot of people were sick," Hill commented, adding that Ford's mother cared for her ill neighbors at the time.
"That's my grandmother's spirit," she noted.
Ford received much love and care from her church family and relatives during the current pandemic.
"Just the love, the outpouring of love is so important," Harris stated. "Yes, you know, we thank God for that. Just being able to embrace that love."
Both grandchildren said they were very blessed to have spent so many years with their grandmother and urged others with elderly relatives to make them feel appreciated.
"It's so important if you do have loved ones, no matter what their age, cherish them especially when they get older. Cherish them, and don't forget to celebrate them," Harris said, "Because life is so short."
FaithHealthPre-Viral1918 Spanish fluB Inspired NewsbirthdaycentenarianscoronavirusHester FordParade | {
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Double down on your workout with these nifty reversible leggings and capris. The 4-way stretch construction gives you the freedom to push your flexibility to its limits, while the anti-chafe flatlock seams ensure comfort. And when you need a change of pace, simply flip them inside out and showcase a new look. | {
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Medindia » General Health News
Battling Food-Borne Maladies by Inoculating Chicken
by Nancy Needhima on March 30, 2012 at 10:59 AM
By simply vaccinating chickens against the bug C. jejuni the incidence of food poisoning could be lessened.
If C. jejuni polluted poultry is not prepared and cooked right, the bug can be transmitted to humans and could lead to severe gastro-intestinal infections.
Fact Sheet on Food Poisoning
Consuming foods that have been contaminated with pathogens such as E.coli, Salmonella or Campylobacter, can cause food poisoning.
C. jejuni is the leading cause of more than 371,000 estimated cases of food borne illness in the UK alone in 2009, resulting in more than 17,500 hospitalisations and 88 deaths.
It is present in the gut of many animals, including chickens. Scientists at Washington State University are studying the maternal antibodies that are passed from hens to their chicks.
'Hen Factories' To Synthesize Cancer Drugs
A groundbreaking venture has been initiated by a group of researchers, whereby therapeutic proteins, essential in cancer-treatment, are mass-produced in the egg white of a certain breed of hen.
"These antibodies protect chicks from becoming colonized by Campylobacter in the first week of life," explained Michael Konkel, professor, who is leading the research, according to a Washington statement.
"Our group has now identified the bacterial molecules that these antibodies attack, which has given us a starting point for a vaccine against Campylobacter," he said.
"We have already found that chickens injected with these specific molecules--found on the surface of Campylobacter jejuni - produce antibodies against the bacterium. This response partially protects them from colonization," added Konkel.
These findings were presented at Society for General Microbiology's Spring Conference in Dublin.
Scientists Develop Fast New Test for Terrible Form of Food Poisoning
A fast, reliable new test that could help people avoid a terrible type of food poisoning has been developed by scientists.
All You Need to Know About Foodborne Illnesses
Do you ignore mild stomach pains? Then beware you may face severe complications of foodborne illnesses that ... | {
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UVision Air Ltd Appoints Major General (Res.) Avi Mizrachi as new CEO
Zur Igal, Israel. 19 April 2019. UVision Air Ltd announces the appointment of Major General (Res.) Avi Mizrachi as its new CEO.
UVision's Chairman Yair Ramati, commented, "We congratulate M.G. Mizrachi on this appointment.M.G. Mizrachi takes on this leadership role during a period of growth and expansion of the company, and we have full trust in his ability to continue this momentum and lead the company to further technological heights and business successes.
M.G. Mizrachi joins UVision after a 35 years of service in the Israel Defense Forces , in which he held a number of senior positions, including the Head of the Logistics Directorate, the Chief of the Ground Forces, and the Head of the IDF Central Command. After his retirement from the IDF, he served as E.V.P of International Marketing at Elbit Systems.
"We would like to thank the current CEO, Mr. Noam Levitt who led the Company since 2015 for his excellent leadership for the past four years, during which time UVision has shown significant growth and has become a leading company in the field of loitering munition. Mr. Levitt will continue to serve in an executive role devoting his talent and energy to the success of the Company. We wish Mr. Levitt much success in his future role".
Published in Appointments
Israel Defense Forces
M.G. Mizrachi
Major General (Res.) Avi Mizrachi
Mr. Noam Levitt
UVision Air Ltd
UVision's Chairman Yair Ramati
More from AppointmentsMore posts in Appointments »
Embraer appoints Andreza Alberto as Vice President of People, ESG and Communication
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Nasmyth Appoints Gary Sinfield as VP Business Development
Damodar Bhattad takes charge as Director (Finance) of BEL
Kari Renko appointed as member of Patria Group Management Team and Executive Vice President, Strategic Programs | {
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Sarah Paulson has opened up about the surprising way she met her girlfriend Holland Taylor!
While appearing on Wednesday's (January 23) Watch What Happens Live With Andy Cohen alongside guest Billy Eichner, the 44-year-old Glass star revealed how they first met.
"Holland Taylor slid into your DMs?" Billy asked. "She actually did!" Sarah replid. | {
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import pygame, sys, math
class Bullet(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, maxSpeed, shooterSpeed, pos=[10,10]):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self, self.containers)
size = [20,20]
self.maxSpeed = maxSpeed
self.image = pygame.transform.scale(pygame.image.load("rsc/SHOOT1.png"), size)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center = pos)
if shooterSpeed[0] > 0:
self.speedx = self.maxSpeed
elif shooterSpeed[0] < 0:
self.speedx = -self.maxSpeed
else:
self.speedx = 0
if shooterSpeed[1] > 0:
self.speedy = self.maxSpeed
elif shooterSpeed[1] < 0:
self.speedy = -self.maxSpeed
else:
self.speedy = 0
self.speed = [self.speedx, self.speedy]
if self.speed == [0,0] :
self.kill()
self.radius = self.rect.width/2 -1
def move(self):
self.rect = self.rect.move(self.speed)
def update(self, size):
self.move()
self.bounceScreen(size)
def bounceScreen(self, size):
width = size[0]
height = size[1]
if self.rect.left < 0 or self.rect.right > width:
self.kill()
if self.rect.top < 0 or self.rect.bottom > height:
self.kill()
| {
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Winnipeg, MB - November 19, 2009 - Anyone thinking about entering a career in health care might want to consider becoming a Certified Dental Assistant (CDA), a position that continues to be in demand across the country. Those interested in a dental career should have a look at CDI College's Intra-Oral Dental Assistant program, which prepares students for the field in just under a year.
"CDAs are still very much in demand," says Agnes Yngson, Dental Department Head at CDI College. "Most of our grads receive job offers even before they finish their program and some get hired during their practicum placement. It's not unusual to get an email or call from dentists looking for CDAs or even willing to hire our students while in the program."
Intra-Oral Dental Assistant students learn about human anatomy and physiology, including the normal development of the oral cavity and facial complex. The program also covers oral medicine including administration, drug classification, sedation, anesthesia and pain control. As well, students learn to record dental exams, treatment plans and vital signs.
Students in CDI's Intra-Oral Dental Assistant program also learn how to take and process dental radiographs and work with the various bio-materials commonly used in dentistry. They become familiar with safety procedures, hazardous chemicals handling and waste management as well. Graduates are eligible to write the National Dental Assisting Examining Board Certification Exam, which ensures that dental assistants in Canada have met the educational requirements that allow for provincial registration, certification, licensure or listing.
Besides the CDA role, there are a lot of job opportunities that grads can explore according to Yngson.
"Grads can work in dental sales, dental office management positions, treatment coordination, dental research and, with experience, they can go into teaching," she adds. "With further training, CDAs can also bridge into dental hygiene."
CDI College is now taking applications for the Intra-Oral Dental Assistant program. More information is available here. Follow CDI College events and campus life on Twitter and Facebook. | {
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Certain Internet Solutions clients are experiencing a prolonged service outage, according to several customers who contacted MyBroadband.
One reader said they have been experiencing issues for over a week and when he called the company's contact centre an automated message stated that there was an outage which was being investigated.
Another reader stated that his company is using Internet Solutions for their cloud-based servers, and their server has been down since 18 March 2019.
He said calling the company's contact centre did not yield a solution to his problem.
Following questions from MyBroadband, Internet Solutions said it experienced hard disc failures on its Consumer Virtual Machine environment last week – resulting in certain clients having limited or no access to their services.
"While every effort is being made to restore the environment to optimal operation, clients are currently being migrated to an alternative virtual machine environment to address their immediate service requirements," said Internet Solutions. | {
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An asthmatic attack can be quite an episode, especially for a child. Nathan, though not frequent, has them. I remember the first time… we were clueless! It started off like a cold- the snuffles, and then chest congestion leading to short breaths, and finally a state of lethargy. A year old child can hardly express much. Witnessing that was really hard for us! We took him to our pediatrician, a really good doctor. But let's face it, for asthma, the only remedy conventional medicine can offer is asthalin. Administering it every four hours using either the inhaler or the nebulizer! And when severe, a steroid, Betnisol is given.
A year ago, Renu, my friend asked me to try a concoction. I wasn't so eager to believe that this would really help… No more asthalin?? Impossible! Then when I finally gave in, forced two spoons of this magical concoction down his throat… voila! It worked!! The runny nose would not peak to a wheezing condition. This was such a relief to know there was another way!
Immerse the egg in the lime juice. Let it sit for 24 hours. The egg shell and the lime amalgamates to form a frothy head. If the juice is tangy enough, the eggshell will dissolve leaving only the inner lining.
Irrespective of how much of the shell dissolves, after a day bash it about and strain through a muslin cloth. You will get a golden molten mixture.
The raw honey, brandy, and the egg mixture have to be in equal proportion. So add honey and brandy accordingly. Refrigerate.
Have 2 tablespoons a day starting from the first signs of a cold or the onset of a climate change.
Howbeit, this doesn't cure the condition, it helps you through it, that is, if you take it before it climaxes. I look at it as a good substitute for asthalin, if taken in time. This week, however, I missed and had to face the brunt!
There are so many wonderful ingredients that nature provides. The remedy to many problems may simply reside in the kitchen. These building-blocks within our reach can prove noble indeed! I hope to discover more of life's goodness.
Nature's Nobility, a category in this blog, sets to verify just that!
Being married to an Andhrite, assisting my mother-in-law, a solicitor of recipes.. I conclude thus: One needs a passion for the picante to love Andhra food. Although there are many ways of cooking a simple subzi or curry as there are homes in Andhra, no dish is without braised chillies. By braised, I mean chopped chillies are fried along with diced onions before stewing them in the vegetable, dal, or meat in question.
This brings us to TALIMPU, a.k.a. bagar, an imperative step to give Andhra food its pungent punch! The trifecta of ingredients: onions, green chillies and curry leaves means you can make almost any dish taste from there. Chillies are cut in rings or slit in 4 and thrown in a well of hot oil that's been spluttering with a tablespoon of TALIMPU GINJALU (mixture of mustard seeds, split urad dal, split gram dal, and cumin). The chillies have to be fried well before you add the onions and curry leaves. When cooking meats, substitute the GINJALU (seeds) with a small cinnamon or caccia stick.
So, ever wondered why Andhra food is smacked with fieriness? Thanks to karam podi (Andhra chilly powder) on top of braised green chillies!
Check out the recipe for rasam.
Since I did a post on TALIMPU, I thought I'll give the recipe I learnt from atthayah (my mother-in-law). This will banish the snuffles!
1 Add tomatoes, tamarind and water in saucepan. Boil until reduced a bit and tomatoes are mushy. Strain through a rasam strainer, squeezing out as much as possible. Add a spoon of the strained pulp.
2 Talimpoo: Add the mustard mixture to a hot well of oil. Then throw-in the chillies, onions and curry leaves. Fry until lightly scorched. Then the ginger garlic paste. Bagar till it just starts to change color, then add the spices. Fry on low heat not burning the spices.
3 Add the strained tomato broth and salt. Bring it to a boil and simmer for 5 mins. Garnish with chopped coriander and grated coconut. Done.
Douse steamed rice with rasam. Enjoy!
Couple of weeks ago… Probhita and I, dragging my son along, went to a hardware store. We were in the middle of a dialogue when the man at the shop chimed in, 'One just a minute!' Hindi speaking.. I don't blame him.
Was teaching him a little Hindi that morning. | {
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S1MPLE LIFE.
WHAT NEWS DO YOU EXPECT ?
Jeff Bezos giving $10 billion to fight climate change in February was the single largest donation of 2020
From the $10 billion fund donated by Jeff Bezos for climate change, about $790 million has been given out to at least 16 different organizations.
The $10 billion Jeff Bezos gave in February to launch the Bezos Earth Fund, an initiative that seeks to fight climate change, has been called the single-largest charitable gift of 2020 by The Chronicle of Philanthropy.
Each year, the Chronicle releases its annual list of the top-10 gifts publicly given by individuals or their foundations and donor-advised funds. For the year, the top 10 comes to more than $12.2 billion collectively.
He announced the $10 billion donation gift in February of last year via Instagram, where he called climate change the "biggest threat to our planet." His announcement came before the World Health Organization deemed COVID-19 a pandemic in March.
Out of the $10 billion, Bezos announced in November that $791 million has already been given out to at least 16 organizations.
Bezos is among the billionaires that have seen their net worth skyrocket amid the pandemic. His net worth currently stands at $186 billion, and he made over $70 billion last year, as reported by Insider's Juliana Kaplan.
The $10 billion Jeff Bezos gave in February to launch the Bezos Earth Fund, an initiative seeking to combat climate change, has been deemed the single-largest charitable gift of 2020 by The Chronicle of Philanthropy.
Bezos announced the multibillion-dollar gift and the creation of the Bezos Earth Fund on Instagram. His announcement came before the World Health Organization deemed COVID-19 a pandemic in March. Out of the $10 billion, Bezos announced in November that $791 million has already been given out to at least 16 organizations.
"Climate change is the biggest threat to our planet," Bezos wrote in an Instagram caption in February. "I want to work alongside others both to amplify known ways and to explore new ways of fighting the devastating impact of climate change on this planet we all share."
Amazon declined further comment, while Jeff Bezos did not respond to a request for comment from Insider.
Bezos' $10 billion announcement came after his ex-wife, MacKenzie Scott, had pledged to give away most of her wealth back in 2019. As Insider previously reported, Scott has since given away nearly $6 billion since her multibillion-dollar divorce from Bezos.
Bezos' net worth soared during the pandemic and amid the pandemic, in June, when his net worth was $143 billion, he gave $100 million to Feeding America and about $25 million to the relief effort All in WA, as reported by the Washington Post.
In total, the Chronicle estimates the top 10 contributors gave more than $12.2 billion last year, including the $10 billion given by Bezos.
While the donations number in the billions, they pale in comparison to the surge in wealth that the world's richest saw last year amid the pandemic. As previously reported by Insider's Juliana Kaplan, the net worth of the world's richest grew nearly $1 trillion last year, including an increase of more than $70 billion for Bezos.
He currently stands as the world's richest man with a net worth of $186 billion and has – unlike his ex-wife – yet to sign the Giving Pledge, where participants promise to give away more than half their wealth.
When Bezos announced the $10 billion gift last February, his net worth was at around $130 billion – meaning the $10 billion constituted about 7.7% of his net worth. Today, with a net worth of $186 billion, $10 billion is about 5.4% of his wealth.
None of the donations given by Scott, which included $40 million to the HBCU Morgan State University, were individually large enough to snag a spot on the Chronicle's list.
Instead, topping the list was Bezos, followed by Nike cofounder Phil Knight and his wife Penny, who gave $900 million to their Knight Foundation and $300 million to the University of Oregon.
Mark Zuckerberg and his wife, Priscilla Chan, also were in the top 10 for donating to the Center of Tech and Civic Life, which uses technology to ensure safer and more reliable elections. Zuckerberg and Chan donated $300 million to the organization in September and then gave another $100 million in October before the 2020 Presidential Election.
Cleveland Browns head coach Kevin Stefanski tests positive for COVID-19
Jeff Bezos was the millionaire who made the largest charitable donation of 2020
Alibaba Jumps 7% After Billionaire Jack Ma Appeared in a 50-Second Video Clip After Weeks of Laying Low
Casino mogul and Jewish patriot Adelson buried in Jerusalem – Reuters
CNNs Christiane Amanpour, Alphabet and Google CEO Sundar Pichai, ECB President Christine Lagarde and WeWork CEO Sandeep Mathrani speak at day 3 of Reuters Next – Reuters
Kristen Bell and husband Dax Shepard needed a little therapy brush-up during COVID-19 quarantine – Daily Mail
Arnold Schwarzenegger Quips His Way Through Vaccination At Dodger Stadium – Deadline
Watch Foo Fighters perform Times Like These in celebration of Joe Bidens inauguration – NME
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John Legend covers Nina Simones Feeling Good in Biden-Harris inaugural – Rappler
Copyright © 2019 Newsmakerpro. | {
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} |
The school year is almost complete! Notre Dame High School Athletics would like to invite you to our summer sport camps.
Notre Dame High School is excited to announce the arrival of Oliva Tooley as the new Varsity Girls Basketball Coach beginning with the 2015-2016 season. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
These are the statistics of Uruguayan side River Plate collected among Primera División Uruguaya seasons, Copa Conmebol, Copa Sudamericana and Copa Libertadores.
Performance in Primera División
Matches in Primera División
Last update on Oct 8, 2022
Matches in Torneo Intermedio
Last update on Ago 2, 2022
Performance in CONMEBOL competitions
Copa Libertadores
1 appearance (2016)
Best: group stage (2016)
Matches in Copa Libertadores
Copa Sudamericana
8 appearances (2008, 2009, 2010, 2013, 2014, 2019, 2020 and 2022)
Best: semifinals (2009)
Matches in Copa Sudamericana
Copa CONMEBOL
2 appearances (1996 and 1998)
Best: quarterfinals (1996)
Matches in Copa Conmebol
References
River Plate Montevideo | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaWikipedia"
} |
A new estate agency has been launched in Cornwall.
Rohrs & Rowe, based in Victoria, is the brainchild of Matthew Rowe and Martyn Rohrs, who have combined industry experience of almost 40 years.
Rowe said: "With Rohrs & Rowe we are embracing everything digital media has to offer, and complementing it with our knowledge of the Cornish property market.
Rowe has built a reputation over many years as one of the most respected agents in the county, while Rohrs has recently returned to Cornwall after spending the last five years working in the London and Home Counties property markets.
Both have held long-standing senior positions in some of the country's best known estate agents, including Savills, where they met and worked for many years. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
In our large catalogue you will easily find ducting for leaf collection, portable heating and venting system, fume and dust control, garage exhaust, abrasive transfer applications, etc. We offer the following products: Tiger Flex, Tiger Duct, HoseTec Ducting, Neo-Duct, Sil-Duct, Thermo-Duct, etc. These supplies may be manufactured of Ethylene Propylene Terpolymer Rubber (EPDM), neoprene, tan gum, hypalon and silicone. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
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The national budget crisis of the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) has been generated by a failure on the part of the Royal Government of Cambodia to meet its legal obligation to fund the salaries of most national staff at the Court. Unfortunately, this situation now has led to yet another national staff strike that may disrupt further critical work on Case 002 and the fulfillment of the ECCC's mandate, which the Cambodian people justifiably expect to see completed.
In August I was joined by a high Cambodian Government official to visit four ASEAN nations (Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore) to seek funding commitments for the national budget in 2014. I am hopeful of those prospects and remain focused on stabilizing the ECCC's budgetary resources in the future. In this context, it must be noted that one cannot argue for more efficiency or speedier trial proceedings at the ECCC and at the same time starve it of the necessary funding.
At the United Nations, we are fully committed to ending the current funding crisis as soon as possible and providing the stable environment that will enable national staff to continue the critical work of the ECCC and achieve accountability pursuant to its mandate. The United Nations remains deeply concerned for the welfare of the national staff and their families and about any disruption that might result in the judicial process, which is at a critical stage now. I appeal to the national staff to remain patient as we urgently continue with our efforts. | {
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} |
Home / Tabletop Gaming / Strategy Games / No Peace Without Spain! The War of the Spanish Succession 1702-1713
No Peace Without Spain! The War of the Spanish Succession 1702-1713
In November 1700, King Carlos II of Spain died without an heir. The long-standing feud between the Bourbons and Habsburgs erupted once again as both sides pressed their claim to the throne. No Peace Without Spain is a two-player game that elegantly recreates this epic struggle using a point-to-point map and a single deck of 55 cards. Action cards are used to activate armies for movement and siege, while event cards bring historical and special events into play that can swing the tide of fortune when least expected. Each turn represents one year, each corps represents 10,000 men of all arms and each leader represents a major commander and his staff.
The game features an easy and intuitive battle system that highlights a unique aspect of this war: team-based battle command, perhaps the most famous example being the extraordinary success achieved by the partnership of two of the war's most prominent commanders, the Duke of Marlborough and Prince Eugene of Savoy. The Bourbon cause has talented leaders as well, notably Marshals Villars, Vendome and Berwick. These and other leaders are rated for Tactical and Command capabilities and they significantly influence the course of events.
The map stresses the importance of fortresses in a war that was probably the high-point of formal siege warfare. Fortresses in this era rarely held out against a besieger that had the necessary time and manpower to conduct a proper siege, and the game neatly recreates this with a simple siege table that leaves room for unusually stout defenses or quick collapses.
Victory points are gained or lost by the Alliance player and game victory comes either through automatic victory or based on final VPs after the 1713 turn.
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Sentinels of the Multiverse Enhanced Edition | {
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Q: how to find the position of newArr[i] in Arr[] and implement this position in newArr[] - without duplicates I hope i made my self clear enough in the title but if not i am here to explain my self
i got an array from an input ( like Arr = {, ).
we can use only 1 additional array (1 original 1 additional)
this is what i made so far :
I made a new array named newArr and assigned it all the values Arr contains.
i sorted it (because its requires time complexity of nlogn)
and then moved duplicates to the end.
now what i can't figure out :
now i need to move the original digits to their place according to the main
(all the values in the arrays are positive and they can be bigger then
n-which is the size of the array and ofc they can be also smaller then n)
i also need to return the number of original digits in the array
the original number should stay in the same position and the duplicates in the end of the array their order doesn't matter.
from here we can't use another additional array only the current arrays that we have ( which are 2)
i have been thinking about doing some kind of binary search but all of them went wrong.(like bin_search_first) and original binary and still couldn't manage it.
can some one give me an hint?
here is the code at where i am
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
/*Libraries*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <string.h>
int* input_array(int);
int moveDuplicatesV2(int*, int);
void merge(int* a, int p, int q, int r);
void merge_sort(int* a, int first, int last);
void swap(int* v, int* u);
int bin_search_first(int , int* , int );
int main()
{
int arr[10] = { };
int n = 12;
int k = 0;
int first = 0;
int last = n - 1;
int mid = (first + last) / 2;
int l = n - 1;
int* D = arr + 1;
int j = 0;
size_t dupes_found = 0;
int* newArr = (int*)malloc(12 * sizeof(int));
assert(newArr);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
newArr[i] = arr[i];
}
merge_sort(newArr, first, last);
for (size_t i = 0; i < n - 1 - dupes_found;)
{
if (newArr[i] == newArr[i + 1])
{
dupes_found++;
int temp = newArr[i];
memmove(&newArr[i], &newArr[i + 1], sizeof(int) * (n - i - 1));
newArr[n - 1] = temp;
}
else {
i++;
}
}
j = 0;
int key = 0;
first = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n - dupes_found; i++)
{
key = newArr[i];
first = bin_search_first(key, arr,n);
swap(&newArr[i], &newArr[first]);
newArr[first] = newArr[i];
}
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
arr[i] = newArr[i];
}
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
{
printf("%d", arr[i]);
}
return n - dupes_found;
}
void merge(int* a, int p, int q, int r)
{
int i = p, j = q + 1, k = 0;
int* temp = (int*)malloc((r - p + 1) * sizeof(int));
assert(temp);
while ((i <= q) && (j <= r))
if (a[i] < a[j])
temp[k++] = a[i++];
else
temp[k++] = a[j++];
while (j <= r)
temp[k++] = a[j++];
while (i <= q)
temp[k++] = a[i++];
/* copy temp[] to a[] */
for (i = p, k = 0; i <= r; i++, k++)
a[i] = temp[k];
free(temp);
}
void merge_sort(int* a, int first, int last)
{
int middle;
if (first < last) {
middle = (first + last) / 2;
merge_sort(a, first, middle);
merge_sort(a, middle + 1, last);
merge(a, first, middle, last);
}
}
void swap(int* v, int* u)
{
int temp;
temp = *v;
*v = *u;
*u = temp;
}
int bin_search_first(int key, int* a, int n)
{
int low, high, mid;
low = 0;
high = n - 1;
while (low <= high)
{
mid = (low + high) / 2; // low + (high - low) / 2
if (key > a[mid])
low = mid + 1;
else
if (key < a[mid])
high = mid - 1;
else //key==a[mid]
if ((low == high) || (a[mid - 1] < key))
return mid;
else
high = mid - 1;
}
return -1;
}
A: Here is my idea:
*
*Sort the array (nlogn)
*Loop over the array and for each value, save a pointer to its first occurence (n)
*Loop over the original array and insert the value into a result array if it is the values first occurrence. Whether or not it is the first occurrence can be checked using the sorted array: each element in this array has an additional flag that will be set if the value has already been seen. So, search for the element using bsearch, if seen append to back of result array (order does not matter), if not seen append to beginning of array and set seen value. (nlogn, since bsearch doesn't need to seek the first element because it was precomputed thus logn, over the array n)
Here is an example code (you can replace the qsort by mergesort to make the algorithm actually nlogn, I just used qsort because it is given):
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
struct arr_value {
int value;
int seen;
struct arr_value *first;
};
int compar(const void *p1,const void *p2) {
struct arr_value *v1 = (struct arr_value *)p1;
struct arr_value *v2 = (struct arr_value *)p2;
if(v1->value < v2->value) {
return -1;
} else if(v1->value == v2->value) {
return 0;
}
return 1;
}
int main()
{
#define NumCount (12)
int arr[NumCount] = { 7, 3, 1, 2, 7, 9, 3, 2, 5, 9, 6, 2 };
int arrResult[NumCount];
int resultCount = 0;
int resultCountBack = 0;
struct arr_value arrseen[NumCount];
for(int i = 0; i < NumCount; ++i) {
arrseen[i].value = arr[i];
arrseen[i].seen = 0;
}
qsort(arrseen, NumCount, sizeof(struct arr_value), compar);
struct arr_value *firstSame = arrseen;
firstSame->first = firstSame;
for(int i = 1; i < NumCount; ++i) {
if(arrseen[i].value != firstSame->value) {
firstSame = arrseen + i;
}
arrseen[i].first = firstSame;
}
struct arr_value key;
for(int i = 0; i < NumCount; ++i) {
key.value = arr[i];
struct arr_value *found = (struct arr_value *)bsearch(&key, arrseen, NumCount, sizeof(struct arr_value), compar);
struct arr_value *first = found->first;
if(first->seen) {
// value already seen, append to back
arrResult[NumCount - 1 - resultCountBack] = first->value;
++resultCountBack;
} else {
// value is new, append
arrResult[resultCount++] = first->value;
first->seen = 1;
}
}
for(int i = 0; i < NumCount; ++i) {
printf("%d ", arrResult[i]);
}
return 0;
}
Output:
7 3 1 2 9 5 6 2 9 2 3 7
A: *
*To begin with, memmove doesn't run in a constant time, so the loop
for (size_t i = 0; i < n - 1 - dupes_found;)
{
if (newArr[i] == newArr[i + 1])
{
dupes_found++;
int temp = newArr[i];
memmove(&newArr[i], &newArr[i + 1], sizeof(int) * (n - i - 1));
newArr[n - 1] = temp;
}
else {
i++;
}
}
drives the time complexity quadratic. You have to rethink the approach.
*It seems that you are not using a crucial point:
all the values in the arrays are positive
It seriously hints that changing values to their negatives is a way to go.
Specifically, as you iterate over the initial array, and bin-search its elements in temp, comparing the _ absolute values_. When an element is found in temp, and it is still positive there, flip all its dupes in temp to negative. Otherwise flip it in initial.
So far, it is O(n log n).
Then perform an algorithm known as stable_partition: all positives are moved in front of negatives, retaining the order. I must not spell it here - I don't want to deprive you of a joy figuring it out yourself (still O(n log n)
And finally flip all negatives back to positives.
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} |
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Events Calendar - Learn about Local 328 activities.
The PAC looks out for the best interests of working families in Local 328. Contact PAC chair Tara Karnes at [email protected] for more information.
Portland Jobs with Justice engages workers and allies in campaigns to win justice in workplaces and in the communities where working families live. JWJ reaches working people through the organizations that represent them — unions, congregations, community organizations — and directly as JWJ activists. Visit https://jwjpdx.org/ for more information.
The environmental caucus was formed by a group of like-minded activists who felt that AFSCME could be doing a better job in addressing environmental issues. The caucus is open to any Oregon AFSCME members who are interested, so, in addition to members from Local 328, it's likely that you'll interact with professionals from DEQ or Metro who are incredibly passionate about making the world a better place. Visit Council 75's AFSCME Green page for more information.
Next Wave is a program designed around engaging younger union members and encouraging them to take a more active role in our union. In addition to having traditional committee meetings and trainings, there is also a standing monthly event where Next Wavers meet up for drinks, socialize with other young union members, and just have a good time. Next Wave is a council-wide committee, so individuals who participate are able to interact with brothers and sisters from all over the state. For more information, contact Next Wave Advisory Committee member Korie Erickson (Local 88) at [email protected]. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
The Hansa H Type Garage with Carport like all our other Hansa Line garages have been designed for people who like a modern style and top end quality. These premium end wooden structures have 44mm walls and 4 strengthening metal rods to make them very stable and long lasting. Garage and carport locations can be swapped to either side if the carport on the right hand side fits better in your garden. After laying down a concrete base and installing your garage, don't forget to pick your favorite colored wood preservatives to give it the final touch and make it your very own.
Additional information: Treated foundation joists, wind braces, assembly kit, real glass in windows and doors, cylinder lock, product manual, 5 years guarantee. Cat: modern garage with carport. | {
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} |
Meet our Partners, an Overview
by Diana Arellano | posted in: ACM SIGGRAPH | 0
photo by Andreas Psaltis © 2018 ACM SIGGRAPH
As a thriving international leader in computer graphics and interactive techniques, ACM SIGGRAPH maintains standing committees of volunteers that provide valuable input into various segments of the organization.
One of these committees is the External Relations Committee, which is in charge of strengthening ties and collaborating with organizations within the computer graphics industry and other industries and communities that intersect with computer graphics.
Forging new ties between ACM SIGGRAPH and the global computer graphics community has been vital to our mission to continue to move forward and evolve. We are very proud to have built relationships with each of the following successful organizations and/or conferences:
Digital Content Association of Japan (DCAJ)
DCAJ is a government-approved non-profit organization that promotes the creation, distribution, and use of high-quality digital content in Japan. This is essential to the current information society, encouraging the healthy development of digital content-related industries, and improvement of culture. Every year, DCAJ hosts its Digital Content Expo (DCEXPO) during which the most recent innovations in digital content and technology are exhibited. Thanks to our agreement, an exchange of contributions between DCEXPO and SIGGRAPH takes place every year within the Emerging Technologies venues.
Spark Computer Graphics
Formed in 2008, originally as an arm of the Vancouver ACM SIGGRAPH Chapter the Spark Computer Graphics (Spark CG) Society has been working behind the scenes of Vancouver's computer graphics community, organizing and hosting events (SPARK FX and SPARK ANIMATION) that foster community, ignite the imagination and advance technology.
Laval Virtual
Throughout its 20-year history, Laval Virtual has become an indispensable catalyst and facilitator for organizations in VR/AR or immersive technology. The conference takes place annually in Laval, France. And, thanks to our agreement, an exchange of contributions between Laval and SIGGRAPH takes place every year.
FMX is a major European conference on animation, visual effects, game development, and immersive media. At it, creators share insights on the latest in production/development, and present cutting-edge tools and pipelines, fascinating real-time technologies, and innovative business models. FMX is held in Stuttgart, Germany every spring, and is organized by one of the world's leading animation and VFX schools, Animationsinstitut der Filmakademie Baden-Wuerttemberg.
The SID is comprised of the top scientists, engineers, corporate researchers, and business professionals in the display industry, valued at over $100 billion annually. The organization was formed in 1962 to promulgate display technology. That work continues today, publishing a monthly journal, Information Display magazine, and an annual "Digest of Technical Papers" that is presented during the Display Week Symposium and Exhibition.
ISEA International
Founded in the Netherlands in 1990, ISEA International (formerly Inter-Society for the Electronic Arts) is an international non-profit organisation fostering interdisciplinary academic discourse and exchange among culturally diverse organisations and individuals working with art, science, and technology. The main activity of ISEA International is its annual International Symposium on Electronic Art (ISEA), which began in 1988. The next ISEA event will take place in Gwangju, Korea at the end of June.
IEEE Visualization and Graphics Technical Committee (IEEE VGTC)
Visual computing encompasses a wide field of research and practice in visualization and computer graphics, and each is represented by its own VGTC conference: visual analytics (VAST), information visualization (InfoVis), scientific visualization (SciVis), virtual reality (VR), augmented and mixed reality (ISMAR), visualization of large and big data (LDAV), visualization of biological data (BioVis), 3D user interfaces (3DUI), and mixed topics on visualization and computer graphics (PacificVis and EuroVis).
VIEW Conference
VIEW Conference is the premiere computer graphics event in Italy, and covers topics like digital cinema, 2D/3D animation, VR, AR, gaming, and VFX. Held annually in Turin, Italy, VIEW focuses on exploring the increasingly fluid boundary between the real and digital worlds. Through lectures, meetings, tributes, exhibits, screenings, and demo presentations, VIEW reveals the new digital frontier from cinema to architecture and automotive design to medicine, and so much more. The exhibition floor, which houses VR installations and a recruitment fair, is free to access.
Brazilian Association of Visual Technology
The Brazilian Association of Visual Technology organizes VFX Rio, which brings national and international specialists in production/effects and entertainment to Brazil. In its latest iteration, the three-day event featured more than 20 lectures and workshops, and was sponsored by TV Globo, Foundry, and Intel, in partnership with Nvidia and ACM SIGGRAPH. Local institutional partners completed the support to such international event.
Computer Graphics Arts Society (CG-ARTS)
CG-ARTS, officially recognized by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology in 1992, is a publicly funded body dedicated to promoting Japanese computer graphics education. Its projects range from drafting curricula to the development and publication of teaching materials, nurturing instructors, and providing certification tests.
Eurographics, a European professional computer graphics association, supports its members in advancing the state of computer graphics and related fields, such as multimedia, scientific visualization, and human-computer interfaces. Through a worldwide membership, Eurographics maintains close links with developments in the U.S., Japan, and other countries, and promotes the exchange of scientific and technical information and skills on a global scale. Eurographics 2019, its 40th annual conference, took place from May 6–10 in Genoa, Italy.
For information on how to become an ACM SIGGRAPH affiliate, or to volunteer for the External Relations Committee, contact the ACM SIGGRAPH External Relations Chair.
ACM SIGGRAPH, Brazilian Association of Visual Technology, CG-ARTS, Computer Graphics Arts Society, Digital Content Association of Japan, Display Week, Eurographics, External Relations, FMX, IEEE, ISEA International, Laval Virtual, Society for Information Display, Spark CG, VFX Rio, VIEW Conference
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"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
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Twitter said Wednesday it was putting curbs on the account of far-right conspiracy theorist Alex Jones after he called on his supporters to take up "battle rifles" to fight internet censorship. The social network's move affected the personal account of Jones, who operates the Infowars ...
World / Crime & Legal Apr 20, 2018
Ex-Texas 911 operator jailed for hanging up on thousands of emergency calls
A former emergency operator in Texas was convicted of hanging up on thousands of 911 calls and was sentenced to 10 days in jail and 18 months of probation, prosecutors said. Crenshanda Williams, 44, was found guilty in Houston on Wednesday of systematically hanging up ...
World / Crime & Legal Mar 22, 2017
9/11 victims' kin sue Saudi Arabia in Manhattan court over attacks
Hundreds of relatives of individuals killed in the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks have sued Saudi Arabia in U.S. court, seeking to take advantage of a law passed by Congress last year that allows victims of such attacks on U.S. soil to sue state sponsors. The ...
World Feb 23, 2017
Al-Qaida ranks join thousands in Egypt to mourn 'blind sheikh' convicted in deadly 1993 WTC blast
Thousands of mourners gathered in a small Egyptian town on Wednesday for the funeral of the Muslim cleric known as "the blind sheikh" who was convicted of conspiracy in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing in New York. Omar Abdel-Rahman, who was also convicted of ... | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
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"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Q: Why does NumPy's irfft2 of rfft2 lead to a matrix with one less column when the original matrix has an odd second index? I am confused by the following behavior of rfft2 and irfft2 in NumPy. If I start with a real matrix that is m x n where n is odd, then if I take rfft2 followed by irfft2, I end up with an m x (n-1) matrix. Since irfft2 is the inverse of rfft2, I would have expected to get back a matrix of size m x n. In addition, the values in the matrix are not what I started with -- see output below.
>>> import numpy as np
>>> x = np.ones((4, 3))
>>> ix = np.fft.rfft2(x)
>>> rx = np.fft.irfft2(ix)
>>> rx.shape
(4, 2)
>>> rx
array([[1.5, 1.5],
[1.5, 1.5],
[1.5, 1.5],
[1.5, 1.5]])
I would appreciate any feedback as to whether I am misinterpreting the results somehow or could this even possibly be a bug? I noticed that the same issue does not occur if the first index is odd and also there is no equivalent issue for rfft and irfft.
Note that I am using Python 3.8.8 with Anaconda distribution on an iMac Pro (2017) running macOS Mojave.
A: In order to make sure that irfft2 is in fact the inverse of rfft2, you need to let it know the exact shape of your input data when reversing the transformation.
Like so:
import numpy as np
x = np.ones((4, 3))
ix = np.fft.rfft2(x)
rx = np.fft.irfft2(ix, x.shape)
This is necessary precisely for the reason you highlight with your question: The way the transformed data (the "spectrum", ix in your example) is represented for real-valued input data (x) depends on whether the number of samples is odd or even in any of the dimensions.
The (i)rfft* family of functions are all tailored to the common use case where the input data is a series of real numbers, i.e. not complex numbers. The discrete Fourier transform of such an input is usually complex-valued, but has a special symmetry: the negative-frequency components are the complex conjugates of the corresponding positive-frequency components. That is, the spectrum contains essentially the same numbers twice, and half the spectrum already contains the information necessary to reconstruct the input data. Which makes sense: The spectrum is a series of complex numbers, which can be represented as two real numbers each, but the input data does not have that "complexity", as it is real-valued.
Then again, "half the spectrum" is not that clear a term when the length of the data (and thus of the full spectrum) may be odd or even. Mathematically, these two cases must be treated slightly differently. Which is why the length of the data is needed when reconstructing the input signal.
As the NumPy documentation of rfft notes for the one-dimensional case:
If n is even, [the last array element of the spectrum] contains the term representing both positive and negative Nyquist frequency (+fs/2 and -fs/2), and must also be purely real. If n is odd, there is no term at fs/2; [the last array element of the spectrum] contains the largest positive frequency (fs/2*(n-1)/n), and is complex in the general case.
And the documentation of irfft further explains:
The correct interpretation of the hermitian input depends on the length of the original data, as given by n. This is because each input shape could correspond to either an odd or even length signal. By default, irfft assumes an even output length which puts the last entry at the Nyquist frequency; aliasing with its symmetric counterpart. By Hermitian symmetry, the value is thus treated as purely real. To avoid losing information, the correct length of the real input must be given.
So an even-length signal is the default. Which is why you only run into this issue for odd lengths of the array dimension. The documentation of irfftn notes specifically that it is the inverse of rfftn only if called like irfftn(rfftn(x), x.shape).
A: FFTs in general do not handle odd-length inputs. They actually want powers of 2. When you FFT an odd-length vector of reals, you lose some information. If you try your experiment with a (4,4), you'll see that the output exactly matches the input.
| {
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• Date: Saturday, March 11, 2006, at 12:48 a.m.
The End Credits did it for me, that's why I'm gonna buy this score (it gave me the same chills as Goldsmith's main theme for 'The Sum of All Fears') . Here Williams shows that he (together with Goldsmith) is the master of harmonies. | {
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} |
Adapter to install underneath the bolt release on your 1301 Tactical or 1301 Competition to prevent the bolt release from moving backwards and unintentionally releasing a shell onto the lifter.
Kit is intended for 1301s and other Beretta semi-automatic shotguns with extended bolt release for prevention of dumping shells unintentionally onto lifter during hard use. Blocks the unloading function of the extended release by preventing it from pivoting rearwards. Does not affect standard bolt release function.
This product is produced under license and was originally designed and developed by Tom Jones of Tau Development Group.
This bolt shroud is easy to install and helps prevent accidental pressing of the bolt release when firing. The bolt release can still be used to manually remove shells from the magazine, but you have to really press on the button in between the bolt shroud. This functions very well, and is a cheap (in price) alternative to other 1301 bolt shrouds.
The updated 1301 series comes with an improved bolt release that prevents shell dump on the carrier. This inexpensive add on now fixes that same problem for the original 1301 series of shotgun. I have installed it on my 1301 tactical and it works perfectly. | {
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} |
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"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Q: Unable To Start Activity - NullPointerException I can't seem to trace the culprit of this bug. Here's my whole activity:
public class CalendarActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
private GestureDetector mGestureDetector;
private ProgressDialog mProgressDialog;
private int mGridWidth, mGridHeight;
private MonthlyCalendarWidget mMonthlyCalendar;
private Button mNext;
private Button mPrev;
private CalendarGridAdapter mDayGridAdapter;
private CalendarEventsListAdapter mEventsListAdapter;
private CalendarAssignmentsListAdapter mAssignmentsListAdapter;
private Calendar mCalendarSource;
private String mMonthId;
private int mMonth, mYear;
private CalendarDbAdapter mCalendarDb;
private CalendarSQLiteAdapter mCalendarSQL;
private CalendarEventData mCalendarEvent;
private ArrayList<CalendarEventData> mEventsList;
private CalendarAssignmentData mCalendarAssignment;
private ArrayList<CalendarAssignmentData> mAssignmentsList;
public ArrayList<CalendarEventData> getCalendarEventData() throws Exception {
ArrayList<CalendarEventData> eventsList = CalendarDbAdapter
.getCalendarEvent("2011", 9, 36, "ParentAndroidSerpong");
return eventsList;
}
public void cacheCalendarEventData(ArrayList<CalendarEventData> data) {
for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); i++) {
mCalendarSQL.addEvents(data.get(i));
}
}
private SimpleCursorAdapter fillEventData() {
Cursor c = mCalendarSQL.fetchAllEvents();
startManagingCursor(c);
String[] from = new String[] { CalendarSQLiteAdapter.KEY_EVENTS_NAME, CalendarSQLiteAdapter.KEY_EVENTS_START_DATE };
int[] to = new int[] { R.id.monthlylistchip_texttop, R.id.monthlylistchip_textbottom };
return new SimpleCursorAdapter(this, R.layout.monthly_listchip, c, from, to);
}
public ArrayList<CalendarAssignmentData> getCalendarAssignmentData()
throws Exception {
ArrayList<CalendarAssignmentData> assignmentList = CalendarDbAdapter
.getCalendarAssignment("0970001931", "2011", "4", 36,
"ParentAndroidSerpong");
return assignmentList;
}
public void cacheCalendarAssignmentData(
ArrayList<CalendarAssignmentData> data) {
for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); i++) {
mCalendarSQL.addAssignments(data.get(i));
}
}
private void updateView(int month, int year) {
mDayGridAdapter = new CalendarGridAdapter(this,
R.id.monthly_gridchip_date, mGridWidth, mGridHeight, month,
year);
mEventsListAdapter = new CalendarEventsListAdapter(this,
R.layout.monthly_listchip, mEventsList);
mAssignmentsListAdapter = new CalendarAssignmentsListAdapter(this,
R.layout.monthly_listchip, mAssignmentsList);
mCalendarSource.set(year, month - 1,
mCalendarSource.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH));
mMonthId = (String) DateUtils.getFormattedDateString(
mCalendarSource.getTime(), DateUtils.MONTH_AND_YEAR);
mMonthlyCalendar.instantiate(this, mMonthId, mDayGridAdapter,
fillEventData(), mAssignmentsListAdapter);
}
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
mGridHeight = ScreenUtils.getDisplayHeight(this) / 10;
mGridWidth = ScreenUtils.getDisplayWidth(this) / 7;
mNext = (Button) findViewById(R.id.monthlyview_header_monthnext);
mNext.setOnClickListener(this);
mPrev = (Button) findViewById(R.id.monthlyview_header_monthprev);
mPrev.setOnClickListener(this);
mCalendarSQL = new CalendarSQLiteAdapter(this);
mCalendarSQL.open();
try {
cacheCalendarEventData(getCalendarEventData());
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
mCalendarSource = Calendar.getInstance(Locale.getDefault());
mMonth = mCalendarSource.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1;
mYear = mCalendarSource.get(Calendar.YEAR);
updateView(mMonth, mYear);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if (v == mPrev) {
if (mMonth <= 1) {
mMonth = 12;
mYear--;
} else {
mMonth--;
}
updateView(mMonth, mYear);
} else if (v == mNext) {
if (mMonth > 11) {
mMonth = 1;
mYear++;
} else {
mMonth++;
}
updateView(mMonth, mYear);
}
}
}
This is the LogCat entries of the error:
07-03 09:58:29.112: E/AndroidRuntime(5185): FATAL EXCEPTION: main
07-03 09:58:29.112: E/AndroidRuntime(5185): java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{stub.binusitdirectorate.calendar/stub.binusitdirectorate.calendar.controller.CalendarActivity}: java.lang.NullPointerException
07-03 09:58:29.112: E/AndroidRuntime(5185): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2663)
07-03 09:58:29.112: E/AndroidRuntime(5185): at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2679)
07-03 09:58:29.112: E/AndroidRuntime(5185): at android.app.ActivityThread.access$2300(ActivityThread.java:125)
07-03 09:58:29.112: E/AndroidRuntime(5185): at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:2033)
07-03 09:58:29.112: E/AndroidRuntime(5185): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
07-03 09:58:29.112: E/AndroidRuntime(5185): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123)
07-03 09:58:29.112: E/AndroidRuntime(5185): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4627)
07-03 09:58:29.112: E/AndroidRuntime(5185): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
07-03 09:58:29.112: E/AndroidRuntime(5185): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521)
07-03 09:58:29.112: E/AndroidRuntime(5185): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:868)
07-03 09:58:29.112: E/AndroidRuntime(5185): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:626)
07-03 09:58:29.112: E/AndroidRuntime(5185): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
07-03 09:58:29.112: E/AndroidRuntime(5185): Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
07-03 09:58:29.112: E/AndroidRuntime(5185): at stub.binusitdirectorate.calendar.controller.CalendarActivity.updateView(CalendarActivity.java:117)
07-03 09:58:29.112: E/AndroidRuntime(5185): at stub.binusitdirectorate.calendar.controller.CalendarActivity.onCreate(CalendarActivity.java:151)
07-03 09:58:29.112: E/AndroidRuntime(5185): at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1047)
07-03 09:58:29.112: E/AndroidRuntime(5185): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2627)
07-03 09:58:29.112: E/AndroidRuntime(5185): ... 11 more
All I know is that the code breaks when I called this:
mMonthlyCalendar.instantiate(this, mMonthId, mDayGridAdapter,
mEventsListAdapter, mAssignmentsListAdapter);
That method is supposed to bind adapters to my custom view.
All of the required variables are supplied, so why did the system gave me a NullPointerException?
| {
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} |
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"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Prices. Why are they so trendy? What is it about fees that people are so interested in? Costs preface chapters in books. They are painted on the walls of our colleges. We frame them and grasp them in our properties. We ship them to each other in playing cards and letters. They grace the halls of our work areas and are etched into our headstones when we die. Why do people like prices?
What are charges anyway? How can the easy organization of a few words have such influence? A contemporary tour of the Library of Congress published countless rates from the high-quality books of all time written over the home windows and doors of the higher flooring. It was a pleasure to learn all of the charges so cautiously positioned. Most likely, costs were enjoyed for an extraordinarily very long time. Could or not it's that words resonate with a targeted vibrational frequency? Is it possible that the combination of phrases includes an affect far beyond the person phrases themselves? Is there an electrical frequency made out of the combination of phrases that reaches out and connects to our brains honestly resonating with our very being? It's proper that fees imply different matters to one of a kind men and women. Possibly our very beings are affected someway through the mixtures of phrases we name fees.
Quotes are by and large handiest a sentence or two.
they're mostly effortless to don't forget in view that of their simplicity or for the reason that they rhyme.
They every now and then deliver to intellect the memory of our possess life's experiences both just right and bad.
they are saying what we all know in our coronary heart of hearts to be authentic.
they say what we want in our coronary heart of hearts.
they offer advice, warn of hazard, answer questions, persuade, encourage, permit vision of self and others.
prices motivate, encourage, inspire, help us persevere, have extra compassion and help us realise the sector we reside in.
A Google search reveals the perspective of humanity in the direction of "fees." The phrase "motivational rates" netted 37 million results; "fees about lifestyles" – 252 million; "complex times costs and sayings" – a hundred and five million. It seems the sector is in love with prices.
Why do folks like rates? They relate to us, conforming to our minds and hearts. They converse to our inside selves inspiring, constructing, and motivating. They offer us answers, new views, and vision. They construct courage, perseverance, and hope. They make us snicker and make us cry. Quotes educate us about things we haven't any knowledge of. They function a warning against foolish decisions. They lighten our moods, raise our heads, and make our burdens light. They fill our hearts with love, forgiveness, and sunshine. Costs are excellent for the soul.
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"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Hello Stampers and a Happy Friday! This is going to be a quiet weekend for me and getting a Halloween costume done for tomorrow. I had stamped these witches' image about a year ago and it's been sitting in my box until now. I figure I had better start using things that have been laying around before I clean up and throw them out.
I colored in the stockings then tied the ribbon right above it. I then embossed the green cardstock then started assembling all the layers. I used 3-D foam tape to pop up the sentiment and added a pearl to the top corner of the sentiment.
Thanks for joining us at Kitty Bee Designs for our Halloween challenge! | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
We're pleased to present our 2017 annual report. Take a moment to read about some of the library's achievements during the last fiscal year.
Posted in Homepage Feature, News and Announcements, Uncategorized. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Hello, this is a call from ****** an inmate at the Ohio Reformatory for women. To accept this call press zero. To refuse this call hang up or press one. To prevent calls from this facility press nine. Hello this is a prepaid debit call from an inmate at the Ohio Reformatory for women. To accept this call press zero. To refuse this call hang up or press one. To prevent calls from this facility press nine. Your call was not accepted. Please try again later.
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"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Purpose Expertise in viewing medical images is thought to be due to the ability to process holistic image information. Eye care clinicians can inspect photographs of the retina to search for signs of disease. However, they commonly also view the eye in vivo using the restricted view of a slit lamp, which removes the potential benefits of holistic processing. We investigated how expert and novice clinicians inspect the fundus using these two methods. Methods Twenty clinicians (10 experienced, 10 novices) examined 64 photographs of human retinae. Each participant viewed half of the images as fundus photographs while having their eye position recorded. The other half were viewed via a simple slit lamp simulation, whereby a computer mouse was used to control the position of a viewing window that revealed the underlying fundus photograph. Results Experienced clinicians made decisions significantly faster than novices, with faster decision-making when viewing the fundus photograph compared to via the slit lamp simulation. The distribution of inspection was similar, although novices spent longer examining the optic nerve head than other regions. Experienced clinicians showed significantly earlier inspection of the optic nerve head when it was judged to be unhealthy. Conclusions Our results support the idea that experienced eyecare clinicians use holistic image information, if available, when inspecting the fundus. This was particularly prominent for the optic nerve head region, which was the region that novices spent most of their time examining. Holistic processing benefits were only present in experts' free-viewing fundus photographs; the limited field of view from the slit lamp disrupts such global image benefits.
Stainer MJ, Anderson AJ and Denniss J (2015) Examination Strategies of Experienced and Novice Clinicians Viewing the Retina. Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 35(4): 424-432. | {
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} |
(2699) Kalinin es un asteroide perteneciente al cinturón de asteroides, descubierto el 16 de diciembre de 1976 por la astrónoma soviética Liudmila Chernyj desde el Observatorio Astrofísico de Crimea.
Designación y nombre
Designado provisionalmente como 1976 YX . Fue nombrado Kalinin en honor al político soviético Mijaíl Kalinin.
Véase también
Lista de asteroides del (2601) al (2700)
Cuerpo menor del sistema solar
Referencias
Asteroides del cinturón principal
Objetos astronómicos descubiertos por Liudmila Chernyj
Objetos astronómicos descubiertos desde el Observatorio Astrofísico de Crimea
Objetos astronómicos descubiertos en 1976
Wikiproyecto:Asteroides/Artículos de asteroides | {
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} |
January 10th, 2023 by
Gutters are a key part of your roof, yet many homeowners may not fully understand their purpose or importance. We explore the main purpose of gutters and how they play a role in protecting a home from water damage. Plus, it also helps you make n informed decision about when to clean or replace your gutters.
What Are Gutters For?
The purpose of gutters is to collect and redirect rainwater away from the foundation of a house. Without gutters, rainwater would flow off the roof and onto the ground near the foundation, potentially causing water damage, leaks, and erosion.
Gutters channel rainwater through downspouts, which are vertical pipes that carry water from the gutters to the ground. Downspouts are usually located at the corners to direct the water away from the foundation. This helps prevent water from seeping into the basement, crawl space, or other areas of the house, which can cause structural damage, mold, and other issues.
In addition to directing rainwater away from the foundation, gutters also prevent water from running down the sides of your house. This helps to protect the walls, windows, and doors from water damage.
Overall, the main purpose of gutters is to protect a home from water damage, ensuring the longevity of the house and preventing costly repairs.
Are Gutters Necessary?
Gutters are necessary for directing rainwater away from the foundation of a house and preventing water damage. Without gutters, rainwater would flow off the roof and onto the ground near the foundation, potentially causing water damage, leaks, and erosion.
Overall, gutters play a crucial role in protecting a home from water damage, ensuring the longevity of the house, and preventing costly repairs.
Gutters are an important part of a home's roofing system for a few key reasons:
Protecting the foundation: Without gutters, rainwater would flow off the roof and onto the ground near the foundation, potentially causing water damage, leaks, and erosion. By directing the water away from the foundation, gutters help to prevent water from seeping into the basement, crawl space, or other areas of the house, which can cause structural damage, mold, and other issues.
Preventing water damage to walls, windows, and doors: Gutters also prevent water from running down the sides of the house. This helps to protect the walls, windows, and doors from water damage, which can be costly to repair.
Maintaining the integrity of the roof: If water is not directed away from the roof, it can seep under shingles and cause leaks. This can lead to costly repairs or even the need to replace the entire roof. By redirecting the water away from the roof, gutters help to maintain the integrity of the roof and prolong its lifespan.
Preventing erosion: Without proper drainage, water can cause erosion around the foundation of the house. This can lead to shifting and settling, which can cause cracks in the foundation and structural damage. By directing water away from the foundation, gutters help to prevent erosion and protect the structural integrity of the house.
Improving curb appeal: Well-maintained gutters can also contribute to the overall aesthetic of a home. They come in a variety of materials and styles than improve curb appeal and complement any home design.
Overall, gutters play a crucial role in protecting a home from water damage. They ensure the longevity of your house and prevent costly repairs.
How Do Gutters Work?
Gutters work by collecting and redirecting rainwater away from the foundation of a house. They are typically installed along the eaves of a roof and are designed to channel rainwater through downspouts and away from your home.
When it rains, the water runs off the roof and into the gutters, where it is directed to the downspouts. The downspouts are usually located at the corners of the house. They channel the water down from the roof line and direct the water away from the foundation.
You can connect downspouts to a drainage system or have them discharge somewhere in your yard. However, you should never connect gutters or downspouts to your sanitary sewers. Heavy rains could overwhelm the sewer lines and lead to a sewage backup.
Since they channel rainwater, gutters also prevent water from running down the sides of the house. This helps to protect the walls, windows, and doors from water damage.
To make sure that gutters are working correctly, it's important to check them every year. Clean out dirt and debris and look for leaks and clogs. If your gutters are not working properly, you should replace them to protect the house from water damage. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
* This file was automatically generated by SWIG (http://www.swig.org).
* Version 2.0.10
*
* Do not make changes to this file unless you know what you are doing--modify
* the SWIG interface file instead.
* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
package com.badlogic.gdx.physics.bullet;
import com.badlogic.gdx.math.Vector3;
import com.badlogic.gdx.math.Quaternion;
import com.badlogic.gdx.math.Matrix3;
import com.badlogic.gdx.math.Matrix4;
public class btTriangleMeshShapeData extends BulletBase {
private long swigCPtr;
protected btTriangleMeshShapeData(final String className, long cPtr, boolean cMemoryOwn) {
super(className, cPtr, cMemoryOwn);
swigCPtr = cPtr;
}
protected btTriangleMeshShapeData(long cPtr, boolean cMemoryOwn) {
this("btTriangleMeshShapeData", cPtr, cMemoryOwn);
construct();
}
public static long getCPtr(btTriangleMeshShapeData obj) {
return (obj == null) ? 0 : obj.swigCPtr;
}
@Override
protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
if (!destroyed)
destroy();
super.finalize();
}
@Override protected synchronized void delete() {
if (swigCPtr != 0) {
if (swigCMemOwn) {
swigCMemOwn = false;
gdxBulletJNI.delete_btTriangleMeshShapeData(swigCPtr);
}
swigCPtr = 0;
}
super.delete();
}
public void setCollisionShapeData(btCollisionShapeData value) {
gdxBulletJNI.btTriangleMeshShapeData_collisionShapeData_set(swigCPtr, this, btCollisionShapeData.getCPtr(value), value);
}
public btCollisionShapeData getCollisionShapeData() {
long cPtr = gdxBulletJNI.btTriangleMeshShapeData_collisionShapeData_get(swigCPtr, this);
return (cPtr == 0) ? null : new btCollisionShapeData(cPtr, false);
}
public void setMeshInterface(btStridingMeshInterfaceData value) {
gdxBulletJNI.btTriangleMeshShapeData_meshInterface_set(swigCPtr, this, btStridingMeshInterfaceData.getCPtr(value), value);
}
public btStridingMeshInterfaceData getMeshInterface() {
long cPtr = gdxBulletJNI.btTriangleMeshShapeData_meshInterface_get(swigCPtr, this);
return (cPtr == 0) ? null : new btStridingMeshInterfaceData(cPtr, false);
}
public void setQuantizedFloatBvh(btQuantizedBvhFloatData value) {
gdxBulletJNI.btTriangleMeshShapeData_quantizedFloatBvh_set(swigCPtr, this, btQuantizedBvhFloatData.getCPtr(value), value);
}
public btQuantizedBvhFloatData getQuantizedFloatBvh() {
long cPtr = gdxBulletJNI.btTriangleMeshShapeData_quantizedFloatBvh_get(swigCPtr, this);
return (cPtr == 0) ? null : new btQuantizedBvhFloatData(cPtr, false);
}
public void setQuantizedDoubleBvh(btQuantizedBvhDoubleData value) {
gdxBulletJNI.btTriangleMeshShapeData_quantizedDoubleBvh_set(swigCPtr, this, btQuantizedBvhDoubleData.getCPtr(value), value);
}
public btQuantizedBvhDoubleData getQuantizedDoubleBvh() {
long cPtr = gdxBulletJNI.btTriangleMeshShapeData_quantizedDoubleBvh_get(swigCPtr, this);
return (cPtr == 0) ? null : new btQuantizedBvhDoubleData(cPtr, false);
}
public void setTriangleInfoMap(btTriangleInfoMapData value) {
gdxBulletJNI.btTriangleMeshShapeData_triangleInfoMap_set(swigCPtr, this, btTriangleInfoMapData.getCPtr(value), value);
}
public btTriangleInfoMapData getTriangleInfoMap() {
long cPtr = gdxBulletJNI.btTriangleMeshShapeData_triangleInfoMap_get(swigCPtr, this);
return (cPtr == 0) ? null : new btTriangleInfoMapData(cPtr, false);
}
public void setCollisionMargin(float value) {
gdxBulletJNI.btTriangleMeshShapeData_collisionMargin_set(swigCPtr, this, value);
}
public float getCollisionMargin() {
return gdxBulletJNI.btTriangleMeshShapeData_collisionMargin_get(swigCPtr, this);
}
public void setPad3(String value) {
gdxBulletJNI.btTriangleMeshShapeData_pad3_set(swigCPtr, this, value);
}
public String getPad3() {
return gdxBulletJNI.btTriangleMeshShapeData_pad3_get(swigCPtr, this);
}
public btTriangleMeshShapeData() {
this(gdxBulletJNI.new_btTriangleMeshShapeData(), true);
}
}
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
} |
Over 35 Years of Custom Metal Fabrication!
For over 35 years Northwest Metal Products has served its customers with innovative ideas and concepts for turning their designs into a reality. With cutting edge tools and machinery, our team takes pride in producing the best concepts using the highest quality metals. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Armenia received 84 asylum applications about 145 people in January -September 2018, the head of the country's migration service Armen Ghazaryan told reporters at a briefing on Tuesday. In Ghazaryan's words, 36 applications out of the total number were solved with 67 people granted a refugee status, while 18 applications were rejected.
In terms of geography, Ghazaryan said most of the applications had been submitted from Syria, Iraq and Yemen: "As a result of the civil war and humanitarian crisis in Yemen, we have increased asylum seekers from that country. We live in a volatile region where the number of asylum seekers increases during an escalation of any conflict," added the speaker.
Ghazaryan outlined the housing issue as the main problem refugees currently face.
"Housing was been periodically provided to refugees from Azerbaijan, yet the housing issue has not been fully addressed even after they obtained Armenian citizenship. In 2004, the Armenian government adopted a decision to provide housing to refugees yet the programme was stopped in 2009 due to insufficient budget means. Today, we are working to address the matter both through budget and at the same time elaborate on attracting alternative means," the head of the migration service said. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
The DigiTech ® Mosaic Polyphonic 12-String effect pedal sets you upon the path of creating lush 12-string sounds with either 6-string electric or amplified acoustic guitars. Immediately identifiable 12-string tones are now yours with octave low strings and doubled high strings. Single notes and full chordal strums shine with polyphonic richness and celestial movement that will inspire you. The Mosaic '¢s balanced low-end response with crisp octave shimmer produces a tone that '¢s lush and articulate, just as with a 12-string guitar. ailor the Mosaic '¢s sound with the independent Level and Tone controls. Level will control the undefined-string effect intensity while Tone shapes the overall brightness of the effect. The Mosaic will give you a richer, more resonant and full tone than a standard six-string guitar. It is true bypass and uses a 9V DC power supply to easily integrate into your existing pedalboard.
Thanks for visiting Midlothian Music. Call us (708) 403-3733 with any questions. Proudly serving your music needs for over 50 years. Open 7 days weekly and shipping daily. We stock a large selection of effect pedals and accessories. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
I have an external 1TB drive that is not showing readable. It was formatted as a fat32 for initial usage. I ran testdrive on it and no partition is showing; even after doing deep scan. I could really use some guidance on to the next step to take. direct info or pointing me to a previous post for this situation would be most helpful.
If I'm horribly screwed, I can accept that. I just wanted to recover as much of the data as possible. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
A quick guide on how to vote in the Badger state.
In 2016 Hillary Clinton (whom I loathe and wish had lost to Bernie Sanders in the primaries) narrowly lost Wisconsin by only 22,748 votes. Of the nearly 4.5 million eligible voters in the state, only 3 million cast a vote.
That means that Democrats registering only 30,000 more voters could have helped swing the fate of the nation in a completely different direction (with help in other key states) away from the hate-filled rhetoric and dumbing down of our nation we are currently seeing thanks to Donald Jackass Trump.
If you look at the table below poor attendance for the elections is as Wisconsonian as cheddar cheese and green jerseys. If Democrats and those who believe in progressive ideas hope to win future election, we will have to make an effort to change this trend by registering more like-minded voters.
Due to all these facts, I have created a quick and easy guide on how to vote in the state of Wisconsin that you can share with anyone you know who lives in Wisconsin and is not registered to vote. Enjoy!
Who can't vote in Wisconsin?
The Wisconsin voter registration website (MyVote Wisconsin) is easily the best voter registration site I have seen so far.
It allows you to see if you are already registered to vote and easily register if you are not. It also allows you to check what issues will be on your ballot, update your address, and request absentee ballots among many other options.
If you prefer mailing your registration in you can do that as well but you will have to print out the form and make sure you mail it to the address of your local municipal clerk which you can locate at myvote.wi.gov.
Proof of residency will be required if you mail in your voter registration, register in person at the municipal clerk's office, or register on the day of the election. Generally a photocopy of a utility bill or ID will work for this. Since you need an ID to vote in Wisconsin you may as well just take a copy of that if you have one or begin getting yours to provide as proof of residency. You are also able to get a free voter ID in Wisconsin if you go to your local DMV and apply for one.
In order to vote in person all you need to do is find your local polling place to vote at and bring your ID on the day of the election.
You can also request an absentee ballot and vote by mail if you are registered to vote already through the MyVote Wisconsin website. You will need to have your absentee ballot in the mail by 8:00pm on the day of election day but it is better to do it sooner than later so the rest of us don't have to stay up as late on election night waiting for the absentee ballots to keep being counted.
Overall, I am really impressed with how Wisconsin runs their voter registration process. Voting identification is also provided for free so long as you make a trip to the DMV and go through the waiting in line it takes to get it, so it does not seem that ID is being used as a poll tax.
Wisconsin offers so many services and information online that I don't even have to do that much research trying to figure out how to communicate how to vote in the Badger state. For a state that voted Republican and is led by Paul Ryan I'm actually shocked that they have made it so easy to vote given the general trend of Republicans limiting voting access to their constituents.
Please share this with any and all people you know who are living in Wisconsin so they can either register to vote or share the information with people who can register to vote. Together we can make a difference, we just have to actually act.
I, Ryan Chaichi, am writing to you on behalf of the American Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (ANCC) to seek your help in registering voters who believe in Democratic ideals before the 2020 election.
The 2016 Presidential election was decided by less than 120,000 votes in the states of Pennsylvania, Michigan, and Wisconsin.
Since the 2016 election, Republicans have cut education and research funding, passed discriminatory legislation, cut healthcare funding, and quite frankly embarrassed our country on the world stage.
This is only the tip of the iceberg. We cannot let this continue in 2020, or the 2018 midterm elections for that matter.
Democratic voters were not motivated or educated enough to vote in the swing states which lost to Donald Trump in the 2016 election. Many people also did not know about voter registration deadlines or how or when to vote. We must inspire young voters to vote and we must teach them how to get out and vote in 2018 and 2020.
Only approximately 58% of eligible voters cast a ballot in the 2016 Presidential election. That means there is a lot of room to find votes for 2018 and 2020. If we do not act today to register and educate voters in key areas before the next Presidential election Democrats may be risking another loss by razor-thin margins.
In order to prevent another Republican Presidential victory in 2020, Democrats who live in areas that have an excess of Democratic voters need to invest time and resources into travelling to battleground states to educate and register voters.
The goal of the ANCC is to register enough voters in swing states to avoid handing the Republicans another Presidential victory in 2020. The ANCC will travel to register voters in swing states for the 2018 and 2020 elections in hopes that we can put more Democrats into public office. We will raise money to fund voter registration and education drives and hopefully inspire and fund others to do the same.
The ANCC's ultimate goal is to move groups of volunteers from Democratic strongholds (Los Angeles, Seattle, New York, etc…) to areas where Democratic candidates need help in the form of educating and registering voters who believe in equal rights for all Americans. However, people cannot easily pack up and leave our homes while we struggle to make our bills and keep a roof over our heads. That's where the ANCC comes in. We will raise money to pay for lodging and food for volunteers. If we can, we will also pay for transportation.
We need to invest resources in funding voter registration drives and educating American voters.
More importantly: we need to do it now.
The values that America will be fighting for tomorrow are being determined today. We must stand up as liberals and Democrats and return to our roots of actively fighting for equal rights through voter registration and education.
Many Americans have endured unfathomable discrimination and violence just for the right to vote. We must validate the sacrifices that those pioneers before us made and march valiantly to polling stations and vote in 2018 and 2020 with new voters beside us.
I am not asking you for money. I am asking that you invest time and resources into educating voters in your district because Democrats and liberal ideals cannot win an election on rhetoric alone. We saw how rhetoric failed firsthand in the 2016 election and we are seeing the consequences unravel as Trump squanders America's future. We must nonviolently fight as Americans to vote in our future instead of stand on the sidelines and watching as our rights are stripped from us under Republican rule.
As the founder of the ANCC, I am going to personally demonstrate the mission of the ANCC by road-tripping across America and registering voters. As a Lyft driver my job is nearly as mobile as I am, so I will put my preaching to practice while I work my way across the nation. I will also be trying to recruit like-minded individuals to do the same.
As an individual I will do everything I can to raise money and travel on my free time to register voters and spread the message of the ANCC, but what I can do is limited because I am only a single individual. I need your help. The ANCC needs your help. America needs your help.
I went for a drive this morning like I do every morning to get coffee, but this drive was different. Today's drive changed my view on classical music forever. Today, I discovered the music of William Grant Still.
The car turns on and the radio kicks in. It's on 89.9 All Classical Portland and I'm not really feeling the song ("Swedish Rhapsody No. 2" by Hugo Alfven). I've never heard of the composer. Nothing against him, it just isn't my style.
Put the car in reverse and head out to the exit of my apartment complex and, surprisingly, there isn't a wait to get out. Traffic is minimal to nonexistent. The drive is now above-average.
As I get to the coffee shop the song changes. It's a really catchy string piece with a dark and mysterious feel to it ("Humoresque No. 6 in G" by Jean Sibelius; performed by Ilya Gringolts).
I feel like the captain of a newly christened vessel setting off to explore the new world with my feathered bicorne hat and a sabre at my side. It is optimistic but anxious, light but heavy-hitting, and when it ends it leaves you wanting more with an insanely beautiful outro. This piece ends as I am grabbing my coffee from the cashier and I begin exiting the driveway to head back towards my apartment.
When I exit the driveway and get onto the road to head home the song changes again. It pierces my eardrums and brings a smile to my face immediately. This sound that I am hearing is amazing. Who is this amazing composer?
The screen in my center console says it is "Folk Suite No. 2" by William Grant Still.
How have I never heard of William Grant Still before?
If you played me a lineup of Debussy, Dvorak, Bernstein, Gershwin, or any other composer of equal acclaim I would have told you he deserved to be considered right up there with the rest of the best of them. Yet in over ten years of listening to classical music since I first really opened up to the genre I have never heard of William Grant Still.
Who was he? What was his story?
The first thing I did when I got home was look up his piece "Folk Suite No. 2". I was only able to find a small portion of the suite from a different recording. I could not find the full version anywhere.
I scoured the internet for every link that was tied to "William Grant Still Folk Suite No. 2" to no avail. Finally, after searching the 89.9 All Classical website I was able to find the album that the track they played came from. It was recorded by the Oregon String Quartet with Fritz Gearhart on violin.
A Google search of Fritz Gearhart led me to a new hope of finding the musical masterpiece by Still. Gearhart's website was selling the album with the exact Folk Suite I had been searching over an hour for. Just to make sure it was not a fluke I sent him an email. In about an hour or so he responded to let me know it was still available on the website. The album is en route to me as I type this and the link is here.
With my quest for the recording out of the way, the mystery of how I had never heard of William Grant Still remained.
Who was he? Why isn't his music very prominently played on classical networks?
William Grant Still was Born on May 11th, 1895 in Woodville, Mississippi to two teachers, Carrie Lena Fambro and William Grant Still, Sr. His father was a music teacher, but passed away when he was only three. His mother Carrie later moved to Little Rock, Arkansas. His mother remarried a man named Charles Shepperson who took Still under his wing and inspired him by taking him to many live music performances.
After graduating high school as the valedictorian, Still went on to study medicine before deciding that his true passion was music. He would serve in World War I before recommitting to music after "the Great War" ended.
He was a champion of the Harlem Renaissance while he lived in New York during the 1920's before moving to Los Angeles in the 1930's.
His legacy as a musician includes being the first African-American composer to write a symphony that was performed for an American audience ("Afro-American Symphony" Symphony No. 1) as well as the first African-American to conduct a major orchestra (Los Angeles Philharmonic). In 1955 William Grant Still also became the first African-American to conduct a major all-white orchestra in the deeply segregated southern United States (New Orleans Philharmonic).
At the time of his death, interest in his work had dwindled to such a degree that not a single viable recording of his compositions existed and only a handful of performances of his music, including radio broadcasts, were being given on average each year.
In 1980, determined to resurrect her father's legacy, his daughter founded William Grant Still Music, now based in Flagstaff, Ariz., where she now lives.
Reading this broke my heart.
As soon as I finished researching who William Grant Still was I realized why I had never heard of him. He was an African-American classical composer trying to make his way in a country and time that didn't want to see African-Americans succeed.
How many classical composers have had to give up on their talent because they could not make money playing or have their own music played just because of the color of their skin? How many composers better than Beethoven or Mozart may there have been if we didn't have a stupid stigma tied to the pigment we are born with? How many great composers' works do we never hear simply because nobody has fought for them to continue to be heard?
We may learn and talk about the history of segregation in the United States of America, but it goes so much deeper than one can fathom when we speak about the most obvious examples in schools and the media. I guess I should have known that racism has held back the careers of thousands, if not millions, of musicians. However, hearing a piece of music so beautiful and realizing that the main reason you've probably never heard it before is due to racism is sobering to say the least.
William Grant Still was an American hero, and his legacy and music should not be forgotten.
Please enjoy some of his tracks that I have linked below and share them so his legacy might live on a bit stronger.
Horne, Aaron. Woodwind Music of Black Composers. Greenwood Press – New York, 1990.
Bell, Susan. "Still standing after all these years." USC News, USC, January 11, 2013.
Bad credit stands out like a Scarlet Letter super-glued to your forehead. If you have bad credit or none at all you can't easily get a car, an apartment, a house loan, or even sign up for many basic utilities without a deposit. It's okay though, because unlike changing the minds of Puritans, building and even fixing credit can be much easier than it seems.
One of the big myths about credit is that you need to be rich to have good credit. As someone in their 20's with no great fortune, I can assure you that notion is poppycock. You can build credit even if you are only making even a few hundred dollars a month if you manage your finances well.
The first step to establishing credit is to open a bank account. I have met plenty of people who prefer to hold cash they earn or cash their checks for a fee rather than put their money in a bank account. It is not a good idea to hold onto all your money as cash. I'm not saying your pet will decide to rip your money into confetti or that you'll be robbed, but it could happen if you leave it lying around and nobody will replace your torn up bills.
I have had bank accounts with a few major banks and a couple different credit unions. Locally owned credit unions should be your first choice. They care more about their customers which is reflected in their services by offering better interest rates and lower deposit requirements than larger institutions. Credit unions also reinvest into the communities they serve through providing jobs to your neighbors and sponsoring local community programs and events. If you're nice when you call customer service, they might even reverse some overdraft fees. I've had quite a bit of luck with fee reversals at credit unions over the years, but never with large national banks.
If you open an account with a large national bank make sure you do your homework to find the bank with the lowest fees, deposit requirements, etc. Most accounts require you to hold a minimum dollar amount to avoid being charged a monthly service fee. The service fee can be a ridiculous amount if you hold a small amount of money in the account. For example, Bank of America had a $12 monthly service fee to hold less than $500 in an account, but would waive the fee if I had direct deposit. Since I didn't have direct deposit available from my employer and didn't hold over $500 in the account I promptly closed that account. Considering they are holding onto your money and investing it to make a profit on top of charging you to keep your money there, the major national banks are a bit unscrupulous.
Once you have set up your account, you should look into setting up a low-limit credit card through your credit union or bank. If you can't get a credit card through your banking institution, there are plenty of other options to choose from and Samuel L. Jackson and Morgan Freeman can tell you so themselves if you watch TV long enough.
For those with low or no credit, I would suggest getting a credit card through a store you enjoy shopping at. Stores that have credit cards often have promotional offers and will sometimes offer you a one-time discount off your entire purchase to sign up. These stores tend to have more lax rules regarding credit approval. I won't argue that easy credit a good thing, but if you're aiming to build credit it can be a great option for you to start building credit.
They will run your credit initially to approve or deny you for the card. The most important factor however is usually income. Don't apply for a $500 limit credit card if you only make $600 a month. Aim for somewhere around 15-20% of your monthly income. The higher the card limit you apply for, the higher the chance you have to be declined. It is not the end of the world if you are declined, but it can look bad to other creditors if you then apply for another card at another institution immediately after.
The key to using credit cards to build credit is to be responsible with them. Always pay on time; do not keep your card near the maximum limit; be mindful of how much interest you pay on your credit purchases. If you don't pay your balances off or only make the minimum payments the interest will add up quickly. Credit companies will also pile on fees if you are late though, and can lower your credit limit or cancel cards if you fail to pay in a timely manner consistently.
The periods of time where my credit has been the best have been the periods where I had all of my credit cards paid off and held a zero balance on them. Within the course of a month, I have seen my credit increase over 100 points simply due to paying off my credit cards.
Beyond opening a bank account and maintaining credit lines, one last thing that helped me build my credit has been my car. I understand it is not feasible for everyone to buy or lease their own car, but car loans are an incredible way to build your credit.
My first car was a lease through Subaru. They were running a promotional offer on a 2014 Impreza and with tax my payment was only $184 each month. I was approved to lease the car without credit or a co-signer and only proof of income to show the dealership. When I wanted to upgrade to a Legacy a year and a half later I did not have good credit, but since I had faithfully made all my lease payments on time they approved me for a new Legacy based on payment history and proof of income.
I could write a whole blog post on how to choose which car to get or whether to lease or buy, but that's going to have to wait for another day. With the information I have given you though, you have most of the information I struggled to learn first-hand in the last couple years. I am missing plenty of other good advice so don't take my advice as the end-all be-all answer on how to build or fix credit, but use this information to build a foundation for your financial future if you haven't already begun to do so.
On January 16th, 2017, America celebrated Martin Luther King Day. A day in remembrance of a Civil Rights icon who stood up in the face of everything thrown at him to resist peacfully and change the system in any way he could. A day in remembrance of the struggle Dr. King gave his life for. He believed in the future of this country. He had a dream that we could all live side-by-side with equal rights and protections as Americans. Dr. King endured opposition that today's protestors will never know in comparison to what the Civil Rights Movement endured, and yet today's protestors feel a need to act out in violence to change the system.
On January 20th, 2017, we watched Donald J. Trump get sworn into office and protesters turn violent in Washington DC. I agree Trump is not qualified to be the President, but the Civil Rights Movement built itself on the backs of peaceful resistance. Breaking windows of a Starbucks that isn't the neighborhood one you visit isn't going to solve anything. You wouldn't do that to the Starbucks you go to down the street from your house or the bank you cash your checks at in your neighborhood. Your outrage doesn't make it okay to destroy others' property or harm people who think differently from you.
Hell, most of the people affected by the damage done during protests are the minimum wage workers that oppose Trump also and are just doing their jobs while you break the window panes of their workplaces in the deepest depths of winter, ushering in freezing winds and scaring innocent people. I find it incredibly distressing that this concept of nonviolent protests needs to be explained to my fellow liberals.
If you claim it is only a few individuals causing violence but you're standing there witnessing it in person and not speaking out, you are complicit. To any liberals who are passively watching the damage unphased or reveling in joy: it is your duty as a liberal to stand up against violent protests to prevent these acts from damaging your own interests in future elections.
I believe in the future of this country and everything Dr. King stood for. That is why it upsets me that protesters these days have turned to violent means to express their opinions. I think Dr. Martin Luther King would be ashamed at how these protests have turned towards violence instead of using the example he gave us and his life for.
I also believe Dr. King would not only be voicing his opinions but trying to register as many people to vote as he possibly could that agreed with what he was protesting for. He relied heavily on organizations to help him that focused on peaceful resistance and registering voters, with one of the most important being the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). The SNCC was created in 1960 by Ella Baker with an $800 grant from the Southern Christian Leadership Committee (SCLC) which Dr. King was the first President of.
Dr. King was willing to put himself in harm's way to deliver a peaceful message to all he could deliver it to, but other groups like the SNCC were crucial to increasing voter turnout and changing the political landscape of the country. The SNCC was responsible for many protests, "Freedom Rides", and sit-ins. Although they eventually fizzled out of existence by 1970 due to internal struggles, their work was essential to both the Civil Rights and Voting Acts in the 1960's. They were a driving force behind the Freedom Summer of 1964 and due to organizations like them voter registration increased from below 10% among the black community to over 50% within only a few years in some areas. Naturally, this had a huge impact on elections as communities began to realize the power of their votes after they gained the right to vote.
Protesting is wonderful, but protesting without registering new voters and observing nonviolent strategies in the crucial places lost the 2016 election for Democrats. Occupy Wall Street created the beginning of the recent liberal protests, but they effectively did nothing in the long haul policy-wise. Protesting violently will also do nothing to progress liberal policies, and will only incite more rage in Conservatives and get them to turn up to vote in larger numbers in the future.
In comparison, the Tea Party movement is the root of what gave Donald Trump the ability to win. It grew out of opposition to Democrats and Obama whether it was justified or not. The voters who won the election for Trump in the swing states that went against all the pundits' predictions are a direct result of the Tea Party movement which grew inside the Republican party. They went out and they got their neighbors to vote, they marched on Washington, they did everything right, and even though I don't agree with them I admire the tenacity they showed in changing the Republican party from within. The Democrats need to use the Tea Party as a case study without the divisive and sometimes racist elements that came with it.
If Democrats don't take their surplus of voters in their strongholds like the West Coast and invest serious resources in registering voters in battleground states before the 2020 election then liberals are handing another four years to the Republican party.
We need to fund voter registration drives. We need to increase voter registration in the Democratic strongholds of the midwest like Kansas City that get drowned out by the number of conservatives in their states that are registered to vote. We need to pay to relocate people from cities like Los Angeles, San Francisco, Portland and New York to move to battleground states and work full time registering voters in places like Missouri, Ohio, Michigan, and Pennsylvania.
We need Bernie Sanders and Elizabeth Warren doing voter registration drives in battleground states right now. We need to successfully win an election based on how the election actually works and not the popular vote. We need our Democratic members of Congress and the Senate to spend less time fundraising and more time on when, where, how, and why it is so important if we want to change this country.
We saw the amount of popularity Bernie Sanders gained in only one year of campaigning, imagine if he focused his energy right now on helping with the 2018 and 2020 elections. Only half the eligible voters in this country voted in 2016. We have tons of ground to register more liberal voters and flip swing states in 2-4 years. It isn't that difficult if we educate people on how to vote and get larger numbers of liberal people to actually show up at the polls in the 2018 midterms and 2020 general election.
Many of the things Dr. King dreamed of are a reality today because of the way he fought for the Civil Rights of all people in this country, and people fighting for civil rights and against oppression today have lost sight of the way he accomplished his dreams even after his death. He built a message and convinced voters who were only white to support his ideas in large enough numbers to change the status quo. We need to do the same thing today in the areas that barely won Donald Trump the 2016 election. It is no secret that a vast majority of white voters voted for Trump, and we need to adapt to that reality and take our message to them so that their opinions might change even just a little.
What do we have to lose as liberals? We don't have control of any of the branches of the government right now, and it will only get worse if we don't do something about it sooner rather than later.
For most people their recollections of the year 2016 were defined by the American Presidential election, the British exit from the European Union, gun violence, terrorism, and a smattering of other issues. My year was defined by canine cancer.
On an unremarkable night in May of 2016 I came home from my second job and went to take my dogs Azzurri and Lilly outside. When I reached down to put Azzurri's leash on, I noticed a bump on his front right leg. At first I just assumed he'd been his crazy little self and run into something or that perhaps his leg was swollen from running next to me while longboarding, but the bump persisted and did not go away.
Not knowing the area I lived in very well, I got a recommendation for a local veterinarian. The vet saw him and when she first looked at it she poked and prodded at his leg and exclaimed something to the tune of "Hmm, that's interesting, it seems gelatinous." Not quite the words I was hoping or expecting to hear. She took a cell sample from the area and said they would call within 2-3 days with the results. He was given some antihistamines and we left to wait for the news.
When 3 days had passed without a peep from the vet I started to get antsy and gave them a call. The results weren't in yet. Eventually the vet called me back and said that it was a histamine related issue and that if the problem persisted I would need to bring him back in for a follow-up.
The issue persisted over a couple of weeks.
When he saw the vet again they told me that it was a mast cell tumor. They asked if I had received the letter in the mail notifying me of the news or if the veterinarian who had handled his visit before had told me of the news. I had not received anything in the mail and the vet had only told me to monitor it to see if it got worse. The vet didn't explain that the issue was cancer before and this news came weeks after his results had come in. Had I known it was cancer, I would have been much more vigilant and urgent about his treatment. Thank you Doctor.
Azzurri had a mast cell tumor and these tumors come in three grades, with grade three being the worst. Azzurri's tumor was grade two. While the tumor did not necessarily have a high risk to spread throughout the body, his treatment recommendation was surgery to remove the mass.
The vet recommended the Animal Specialty Group in Los Angeles for the surgery due to the location of the tumor and their expertise. The vet also mentioned they could do it in-house for cheaper, but they said it is possible he may need another surgery and after dealing with their incompetence already I didn't want to risk going with them again.
I set up an appointment with ASG immediately and took Azzurri to see the surgeon. They recommended surgery and we proceeded with his treatment. Everything went perfect surgery-wise and Azzurri didn't lose a single bit of his spirit. Even with stitches, a cone, a cast, and not being able to jump, go running, or basically have fun, he remained the same awesome little dog. The only downside was that not all of the mass was removed as some of the tumor had grown between his tendons where the surgeon couldn't remove it.
At his one week follow-up after surgery Azzurri had his cast removed and saw the oncologist at ASG. She recommended radiation treatment to destroy the remaining mass in his leg. Price tag: around $7,000 to $10,000. One bit of silver lining was at least that the radiation could be delayed for a little while to take time to get the funds for the procedure.
Months went by and Azzurri's leg seemed fine, but in late October his leg looked like it was starting to grow and shrink in the same area his tumor was removed. I called a different veterinarian and got referred to a new oncologist to get a second opinion on the radiation treatment so we could compare the prices and proceed with the next step. The veterinarian referred me to the Veterinary Cancer Group of Los Angeles.
From the moment we saw the oncologist at the Veterinary Cancer Group there was no doubt in my mind I wanted them to handle his treatment. At every step of the way they showed that they truly cared about my dog. The staff even asked if they could have Azzurri for an extra 15 minutes just to play in the back with him. When it came to billing I'm pretty sure they even threw in a discount as well. At the end of the day though, they confirmed that the best path would be radiation treatment and that the cost was going to be around $7,000 to $10,000.
Raising money was the hard part. I set up a GoFundMe account and it was successful to a degree, but the constant stress and worry about where I would be able to come up with the funding for his treatment felt like I was carrying the globe on Atlas' back. I hate asking people for money, and knew I wouldn't be able to raise the money on my own through the GoFundMe account, but I had to do everything I could. Thankfully Azzurri's grandparents love him and decided they would pay for his treatment. I still tried raising money because I wanted to help out my parents as much as I could, but I knew I would never be able to raise the money for his treatment alone.
On December 1st we went to the Veterinary Cancer Group at their Woodland Hills location. He had a check-up and blood tests to see whether the cancer had spread before starting radiation. Everything came back clear with no abnormalities and we scheduled his treatments to start the next week. His treatments would be every weekday for 18 days from the 5th of December until the 28th of December. The treatments would include putting him to sleep with anesthesia every day and directing a very strong X-ray at the location of the tumor.
Everything up to this point had been pretty stressful, but the stress elevated to a whole new level when radiation treatment started. Luckily for the pups they enjoy car rides and don't have any idea what a stupid driver or dealing with traffic is, but dealing with Los Angeles drivers and the I-405 freeway every single day is almost hell. Compound that with trying to buy Christmas gifts, preparing my apartment for my family to visit for Christmas, and trying to handle my work responsibilities, my energy was sapped for nearly all of December.
Our schedule was completely out of whack. Azzurri was supposed to fast every day for at least 8 hours before treatment. He threw up while under anesthesia during his first couple weeks and apparently that's a really bad thing so after a week and a half he got put on a 12 hour fast. With the time added to get to and from treatment it was more like 15 hours. We also normally take a nap or two after work but that wasn't possible because after his treatment I had to catch up on work.
What really stood out was how Azzurri remained his same happy self throughout the whole ordeal. He showed no side-effects during the treatment and would actually whine when we would arrive for his radiation therapy because he couldn't wait to see the people inside. His spirit made it a lot easier to deal with the stress brought on by the situation.
Christmas came and Azzurri's grandparents and auntie got to see him before he finished his treatment and spend the holidays with us. Sadly, he had to wear the cone for their trip, but he still got to enjoy their company.
On Thursday, December 28th Azzurri graduated from radiation treatment.
It took him a while to get used to the cone, but eventually the cast came off and then a few weeks later the cone. When his radiation treatment began however, he started wearing a cone again and it didn't come off for an extended period of time other than his radiation treatment for five weeks.
I'm not a superstitious person, but when your baby develops a disease like cancer you start to question if it's because of something you did. Did I use the wrong carpet cleaner? Was there a chemical I left in the house he was exposed to? Was it something I was feeding him that caused it? Was it because Azzurri was sad I adopted a new dog? The endless questions (often ridiculous) with unknowable answers brought on by the onset of cancer in a loved one are daunting.
Every bump and anomaly becomes an anxiety attack, and when you do notice something that looks a bit abnormal you wonder if you hadn't been paying enough attention to your baby enough and could have noticed it sooner.
I imagine some of the stresses and issues that have come along with Azzurri's cancer are the same for those who have family members or children who develop cancer. I also imagine that it is much harder to handle this when it's a child because it would be impossible to keep a child in the dark about how serious the disease is. Even if you didn't explain it to them, they would know something is not right. With a dog I feel as if it is a lot easier to hide the seriousness of cancer. He may have sensed my body language was different as I was stressed out or that we were going to weird places with people in lab coats more, but taking a kid to the doctor and have them hear the doctor say they have cancer seems like a much more arduous task.
Azzurri can't understand English besides his commands, but kids are not so simple. Kids ask questions, they wonder, they tell you how they feel. I have no idea how my little boy Azzurri has felt through this ordeal and I think in many ways him not knowing what was happening helped ease his mind throughout the diagnosis and treatment.
Thursday, January 12th marked two weeks since his treatment finished and he's shown no real side effects other than dry skin at the radiation site. We are back to going for longboard rides and he can run worry-free for the first time in almost eight months.
Will his cancer come back?
Who knows, but Azzurri is happy, healthy, tumor-free and can run again, and that's all that matters right now. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
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