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Rompon är en kommun i departementet Ardèche i regionen Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes i sydöstra Frankrike. Kommunen ligger i kantonen La Voulte-sur-Rhône som ligger i arrondissementet Privas. År hade Rompon invånare.
Befolkningsutveckling
Antalet invånare i kommunen Rompon
Referens: INSEE
Se även
Lista över kommuner i departementet Ardèche
Källor
Externa länkar
Kommuner i Ardèche | {
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Review: "Tijad: Cognitive Dissonance" - Sea of Tranquility - The Web Destination for Progressive Music!
Dutch multi-instrumentalist Tijad started in 2009 as a member of the Dutch metal band Melancholy Burning. In 2011 he released a demo under his own name titled Orpheus and has recently released the follow up Cognitive Dissonance.
Although the mixing and recording quality could have been better, I will give him a pass considering this is an independent release and with what I presume to be a limited budget, Tijad is a very good musician, most notably on the guitar. There is a definite classical influence as many of these songs are adorned with pretty arpeggios, although the mood is very melancholic. Bursts of heavy guitar gives the tunes a metallic edge while keeping with the overall dark tone. If you want upbeat music you are listening to the wrong disc as the melancholic nature of this music is very palpable.
The album begins with "Mister Black", a suitable title considering the dark vibe. Slow guitar moves gently across the soundscape with the occasional blast of heavier guitar chords. The songs mostly begin with gentle arpeggios and Tijad's mournful vocal approach. He also adds some nice orchestrations, particularly in the nine plus minute "Dropout" where the guitars construct a heavier wall of sound that recalls elements of doom and black metal. My one complaint is the drums need more power and better mixing. In that regard more help would have been beneficial to the overall sound.
Apparently Cognitive Dissonance is a concept album with the protagonist slowly losing his grip on reality. A happy album this is not and although quite brooding there are some beautiful passages here that I will certainly return to when the mood arises. File under atmospheric rock and metal. | {
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Kazimierz Rozwałka (ur. 17 maja 1957 w Bychawie) – polski producent filmowy i kierownik produkcji.
Absolwent Wyższego Studium Zawodowego Organizacji Produkcji Filmowej i Telewizyjnej PWSFTviT w Łodzi. Laureat kilkunastu nagród filmowych w tym Grand Prix Festiwalu Polskich Filmów Fabularnych w Gdyni oraz Polskiej Nagrody Filmowej, Orzeł w kategorii najlepszy film. Członek Polskiej Akademii Filmowej.
Filmografia
jako producent:
Gniew (1998)
Historia kina w Popielawach (1998)
Reich (2001)
Powiedz to, Gabi (2003)
To nie tak jak myślisz kotku (2008)
Śniadanie do łóżka (2010)
Dzień dobry, kocham cię (2014)
jako kierownik produkcji:
Człowiek z... (1993)
Spis cudzołożnic (1994)
Szabla od komendanta (1995)
Grający z talerza (1995)
Gulczas, a jak myślisz... (2001)
Yyyreek!!! Kosmiczna nominacja (2002)
Wybrane nagrody i nominacje
1998 – Grand Prix Festiwalu Polskich Filmów Fabularnych w Gdyni dla producenta najlepszego filmu Historia kina w Popielawach
1998 – Brązowe Grono na Lubuskim Lecie Filmowym w Łagowie za film Historia kina w Popielawach
1999 – Polska Nagroda Filmowa, Orzeł w kategorii najlepszy film za Historia życia w Popielawach
1999 – nominacja do Polskiej Nagrody Filmowej, Orzeł w kategorii najlepszy producent za film Historia kina w Popielawach
1999 – Nagroda Główna na Międzynarodowym Festiwalu Filmowym w Trieście za film Historia życia w Popielawach
1999 – Złota Kaczka pisma Film w kategorii najlepszy film polski roku 1998 za film Historia życia w Popielawach
Przypisy
Urodzeni w 1957
Polscy producenci filmowi
Laureaci Festiwalu Polskich Filmów Fabularnych
Laureaci Polskich Nagród Filmowych
Ludzie urodzeni w Bychawie
Absolwenci Państwowej Wyższej Szkoły Filmowej, Telewizyjnej i Teatralnej im. Leona Schillera w Łodzi | {
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Defence Ministry reacts over media reports of new Indian Army Units based on caste, Region and Religion
ISLAMABAD - Defence Ministry reacts over media reports of new Indian Army Units based on caste, Region and Religion. The Indian Defence Ministry has categorically ruled out establishing army units based on caste, region or religion. The move comes after the country's Minister of State for ...
Crash after Crash: Indian Air Force frontline fighter jet fleet of Su 30MKI hit with a big problem
NEW DELHI - Indian Air Force frontline fighter jet fleet of Su 30MKI hit with a big problem of engine failures. Su-30s are IAF's frontline fighters in the air but the government has admitted it faces engine crisis. Former defence minister Manohar Parrikar had informed Lok Sabha that these jets ...
Indian state CM and former defence minister Manohar Parrikar passed away
ISLAMABAD - Manohar Parrikar, the Goa chief minister and former Indian defence minister, passed away on Sunday at the age of 63 after a long battle with cancer, Indian media reported. Parrikar had been diagnosed with cancer in February last year. He had been in and out of hospitals in Goa, ...
Indian Air Force Su 30 MKI fires million dollars missile to shoot down a Pakistani Happy Birthday Balloon?
NEW DELHI/JAIPUR: A US-made helium-filled balloon that was shot down by a Sukhoi-30 fighter aircraft over Rajasthan had come in from Pakistan and could have been an attempt to gauge India's response time, top government sources said today. However Indian media has reported an unknown object shot ...
Indian Navy to get lethal warships, unmanned submarines: Report
NEW DELHI - Indian Navy is all set to get a new category of warship in its arsenal in the near future. The Navy is looking to lay its hands on underwater drones or unmanned submarines with the capability to track and attack enemy submarines in the next three years. According to Russian news ...
India Russia fifth generation fighter jet project faces blow
NEW DELHI - India has conveyed to Russia its unwillingness to go ahead with the joint development of a fifth-generation fighter aircraft (FGFA) primarily due to high cost involved in the project, official sources said. They, however, said the negotiations between the two countries on the ...
India Russia joint fifth generation fighter jet production plan comes to a dead end
NEW DELHI - The India Russia joint fifth generation fighter jet production plan is reaching a dead end as India is likely to quit the project. Official sources in the Indian government have said no decision could be taken on the long-pending fifth-generation fighter jet project with Russia due ...
Indian Rafale fighter jets give air superiority to India over PAF, claims Parrikar
Panaji: Indian Former Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar has said the acquisition of the French aircraft has given India a superiority over Pakistan in terms of air power.Mr Parrikar, who succeeded UPA's AK Antony as Defence Minister when NDA came to power in 2014, was speaking at the Goa Arts and ...
Civil Military rift in India over pay package
NEW DELHI - A high-level panel looking into parity between military and civilian employees working under the Ministry of Defence (MoD) has not reached a consensus on the subject, a year after being set up, triggering friction between the armed forces and the government.With no breakthrough, the ...
Indian special operation forces to be equipped with air conditioned jackets
New Delhi: The Indian government is testing 'air-conditioned' jackets to be worn by special force soldiers who operate for long hours in hot areas. Though the government has not said what material the jackets would be made of and the kind of technology used, former Defence Minister Manohar ... | {
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On December 6, Google announced that in 2017 it will reach "100 percent renewable for our global operations." There is some debate about exactly what that means, but Google brags it was one of the first corporations to create large-scale, long-term contracts to buy renewable energy back in 2010 and now it is the world's largest corporate buyer of renewable power with commitments reaching 2.6 gigawatts. In addition to buying green power, Google is also investing in 20 renewable energy projects across the world.
Google has taken some flak for perhaps overstating what it is doing here. Google is not actually going to run on 100 percent power. It will continue to source much of its electricity from traditional utilities that get their power from a range of sources, including coal and natural gas. The renewable energy projects Google is investing in will generate electricity to be sold back into the local grid. So, it is not exactly true that Google will be using 100 percent renewable energy, instead it will be paying for an amount of renewable electricity equal to what it is using. Some people find that distinction important and others do not. Google also hopes that its investments will spur other investments. For example, Google is buying electricity from a massive wind facility in Minco, Oklahoma, and Google hopes the wind farm's operator, NextEra Energy will continue to grow its capacity across the country.
Regardless of the details, Google's purchasing decisions are undoubtedly pushing green electricity forward and bolstering the company's image with the public. Google's tool of choice has been contracts made directly with electricity providers in deregulated electricity markets. That tool may be available to you as well, and the experts at EnergyCare can teach you all about your options. Contact us today. | {
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Okko (Bekker) (Hamburg) - 4 albums
Apparently Dutch-born, Okko Bekker is quoted as first appearing on the German music scene in the late-1960's when in Hamburg he first struck up a friendship with the then very young Asmus Tietchens. His early work with Asmus is documented on the newly released ADVENTURES IN SOUND. After extensive musical and technical studies, Okko went on to become an ethnomusicologist and dabbler with electronics, with a range of musical exploration that has been very wide-ranging. He debuted under the sole moniker "Okko" in 1971 with the amusingly chic album SITAR & ELECTRONICS, which sounded like a hybrid of Ananda Shankar and those cheesy "synth goes classic" type of albums. It's a record that has some great moments, but is now so very dated. His other solo work is unknown to us, yet we do know of his involvement in the project Frank David Selection, and he also worked as a session musician in various Hamburg studios, notably with Achim Reichel, and also the "pop Schlager" outfit Okko, Lonzo, Berry, Chris & Django. As if he were a different person, Okko reappeared in the project Liliental, an album that re-cemented his ongoing partnership as producer and assistant with Asmus Tietchens, with whom he has worked with extensively, and also done a few direct collaborations. (Crack in the cosmic egg)
Okko (Bekker) (Hamburg)
Sitar & electronics LP,CD
01. A day in the life 4:44
02. Ganges Delta 3:15
03. Himalaya highway 4:28
04. East Indian traffic 4:10
05. If I needed someone 3:07
06. Shivas lullaby 3:28
07. Pointed sails on Ganges 6:30
08. Santana 4:02
Santana / Shivas Lullaby 7"
01. Santana
02. Shivas Lullaby
Yoga f�r Millionen LP
01. Agni Sarah
02. Asvini-Mudra
03. Pranayana
04. Savasana
05. Makarasana
06. Bhujangasana
07. Dhanurasana
08. Paschimatana
Solo LP
07. Painted Sails On Ganges 6:30 | {
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A Young Farmer who is 'proud' to be a part of the ag industry has defended British farmers after seeing a rise in 'misinformed' vegan posts on social media.
Lottie Wilson, who farms in Powys, posted her passionate views on Facebook and has been overwhelmed by the reaction with over 100 likes and shares so far.
It reads: "After seeing a lot of posts on my feed about vegan lifestyles and animal cruelty I feel compelled to say something.
"To quote the cat from one of my favourite films "Babe".
"If you want to see animals around the countryside, they have to be eaten or used for their products. Fact. Without a purpose, they would not be bred from and would therefore die out.
"But keeping animals for meat/milk/egg production doesn't mean the animals don't have a good life!
In fact, in order to have profitable and quality produce, it is in the farmer's best interest to have happy livestock.
"Stressed animals or ones not properly looked after do not produce quality.
"But money is NOT the only reason why farmers look after their stock. They do it because it's the right thing to do! Because they are caring and compassionate.
"When a dog chases and kills and injures half a flock of sheep and people say 'the farmer only cares about the money, they were bred to die' in fact that's not the case. That does play a part in the anger you feel - as already running on tight margins it does mean you can end up with more financial strain.
"But anger also comes from the fact that those sheep didn't die peacefully with any sort of respect and dignity. They did not fulfil their purpose - so they were wasted lives. And time, effort and energy of the farmer trying to provide a good life for them, wasted.
"When a farmer wakes up every few hours a night and puts all social life on hold to check and feed a lamb whose mother has rejected it, for weeks on end only for it to die for what seems like no reason - they don't get upset because they've lost money, they're upset because a life has been lost, and not for a lack of trying!
"British farmers are held to some of the highest welfare standards in the world.
"The majority of what gets shared by vegan activists happens to actually be from farms abroad where factory farming with low welfare standards is still a major issue; Which is another reason to buy British meat and produce - if not even to just help support your own economy.
"I will admit, some of the things shared ARE from British farms - and although some is taken out of context, some may in fact be true. However to quote Babe again - "There are many perfectly nice cats in the world, but every barrel has its bad apples"
"Not everyone that owns a dog beats it black and blue and starves it - so we don't state that all dog owners are abusive.... Why is this not the same?
"Protestors that use their time blocking lorries full of livestock from entering abattoirs and sticking cameras in front of livestock are doing nothing but delaying the inevitable and causing stress to the animals they think they understand and care about!
"If they have the day off from work or don't have a job, a more productive thing to do would be to volunteer in a rescue centre.
"It is not economically or environmentally viable to have the world on a fully vegan diet. There are some areas of the country/world that would not support growing crops - so is used to rear livestock.
"I suppose you could of course build houses on that land. And then with the reduction of food products and increase in population, fly in food from other countries to fill the food deficit, at the same time causing even more issues to the environment with the increased carbon foot print from importing the food.
"Or you can accept that meat is a viable food stuff and the production of it is perfectly fine if it is done properly - and properly is defined by the people that have experience within the sector, not those living on a cloud surrounded by unicorns.
"I'm not forcing you to eat meat if you don't like it. But for goodness sake please speak to someone who actually knows about where food comes from!
"It's very easy to click and share a misinformed or staged photo on Facebook - but please just remember the effect it may have on a whole industry and people's lifestyles.
"It is very easy to hear the people that shout the loudest... But just because it's loud doesn't mean it's correct!
"The Oxford dictionary gives the definition of a farmer as: A person who owns or manages a farm.
"But if you look into what a farmer really is you will find that they are a vet, a scientist, a nutritionist, a tractor driver, a handyman, a mechanic, a cleaner, a book-keeper, a caretaker, a teacher - and taken for granted.
"I may not have originated from a farming background and we may not have the biggest farm. But I'm proud to be part of the industry and I hope you can all be intelligent enough to look properly into our lives." | {
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Bed Bug Control Framesby » Tel: 0828105617 » Port Elizabeth The Port Elizabeth Pest Control Experts!
Here in Framesby bed bugs are posing a bigger and bigger problem every day with numbers rising as we speak. Framesby Pest Control deal with a growing number of bed bug infestations in Framesby every week in hotels, offices, homes and bed and breakfast accommodation.
Framesby Pest Control has a fast simple solution for guaranteed bed bug control in and around Framesby . We give clients peace of mind with all our treatments by adding a quality guarantee to all our beg bug control treatments.
Our Framesby staff are on standby to take your call and deal with any pest control problem you might have in you Framesby home.
Call the Framesby Bed Bug Specialists now for a quote for you bed bug control in Framesby . Our Framesby bed bug staff are ready to take your call 24 hours a day. | {
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School of Law hosts online Summer Research Series
The webinars are part of a free, online series available to the public to hear about Birkbeck's research and topical subjects relating to the Law and Criminology.
The School of Law has scheduled seven live online webinars to showcase the wide range of research undertaken by the Departments of Law and Criminology, as well as the Institute for Crime and Justice Policy Research (ICPR).
The 'Summer Research Series' will feature a number of researchers, over the next few weeks, sharing their latest research with the public through the live events.
Dr Sappho Xenakis, Assistant Dean for Research, said, "This series presents a snapshot of the research currently being undertaken at the School, and reflects a number of key thematic areas around which work in the School pivot, and, more generally, a critical and interdisciplinary approach to legal, socio-legal and criminological scholarship that is the School's hallmark."
Recordings for sessions available in links below:
Thursday 20th August 'Decision-making in the Court of Protection 'needs a human element': Provisional empirical findings from the Judging Values Project' (Rebecca Stickler)
Monday 24th August 'Financial stability vs private law?' (Dr Guido Comparato)
Thursday 27th August 'The 'Facing all the Facts Project' - understanding and improving the hate crime reporting and recording 'system' in Europe: findings from a six country, EU-funded research project' (Joanna Perry)
Monday 31st August 'The paradoxes of the right of peoples to self-determination: from Marx, Engels and Lenin to the Chagos Islanders Case in 2019' (Professor Bill Bowring)
Monday 7th September 'Royal Divorce: Taking Melodramas Seriously' (Professor Daniel Monk)
Thursday 10th September 'A Passion for Ignorance' (Professor Renata Salecl)
Thursday 24th September Policy and Resistance (Dr Rachael Dobson)
Research at the Department of Law
Research at the Department of Criminology
More news about:
Institute for Crime and Justice Policy Research (ICPR)
LAW: Criminology
LAW: Department of Law
LAW: School of Law | {
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4 lessons from Rutilio Grande, priest, prophet and martyr
By Ana Maria Pineda, 21 January 2022
A mural of El Salvador martyr Jesuit priest Fr Rutilio Grande. Image: ChuritoCuzcatleco/Wikimedia Commons
Rutilio Grande, S.J., and his two traveling companions, 15-year-old Nelson Rutilio Lemus and 72-year-old Manuel Solórzano, had been driving to the small town of El Paisnal in El Salvador to celebrate the novena for the town's patronal feast of St. Joseph when they were gunned down on the road on March 12, 1977, in Aguilares, El Salvador. Decades after the murders, the Vatican announced on Feb. 22, 2021, that it would recognize the three as martyrs.
The news of Father Grande's beatification was welcomed by many Salvadorans, who claim Father Grande as one of their own. Outside of El Salvador, Father Grande is primarily remembered as a close friend of Archbishop Oscar Romero. Often overlooked is the fact that at the outset of the civil war in El Salvador, Father Grande was the first priest killed. Indeed, he was the first-born of the martyrs of this new era. His prophetic stance and his solidarity with the poor of his native country led directly to his death. His influence on the church of El Salvador and those who followed him on the road to martyrdom merits profound consideration.
What precisely can be learned from how Rutilio Grande, S.J., lived his life? What might it inspire us to do with our own lives?
Father Grande's personal contributions to the poor of his beloved country, his commitment to the church and the Jesuit community, his love for the people that he generously served, his love for his many friends and family all resonate in the commitment that led to his martyrdom.
To continue reading Ana María Pineda's article, click here.
Ana María Pineda, R.S.M., is an associate professor of religious studies at Santa Clara University. A native of El Salvador, she is the past president of the Academy of Catholic Hispanic Theologians in the United States. Her latest book, Rutilio Grande, Memory and Legacy of a Jesuit Martyr, was published in January.
With thanks to Ana María Pineda, R.S.M. and America magazine, where this article originally appeared.
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Copyright 2021. Diocese of Parramatta. The Diocese of Parramatta reaffirms the wise axiom attributed to Saint Augustine of Hippo: "In essentials, unity; in non-essentials, freedom; in all things, charity." In this spirit, Catholic Outlook publishes a variety of Catholic viewpoints. They are not necessarily the official views of the Diocese of Parramatta. | {
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The typical Oscillators I use (Stochastics, RSI, McClellan) are neither oversold nor overbought. If the markets decide to go down, they can go down pretty hard as the oversold conditions are non existent now. I still don't like the double exposure on the downside with two Bull Put Spreads open (125/127 SPY, 70/72 IWM). But I haven't received the premiums I wanted for them yet. The plan is to get rid of the 125/127 SPY spread as soon as it is only worth half the initial credit, and that would be around 0.20 - 0.22. I decided to leave them both in order to get the long weekend of time decay in my favor.
So, this is the plan for the week. If the markets decide to stay in this side ways / ranging pattern, I won't close anything. If the SPY 125/127 Credit Put Spread, loses value to about 0.20-0.22 I will be closing the position, and that could happen if markets move up a bit. If, on the other hand the markets go down fast, I will remain calm, and will only adjust the Credit Put Spreads if IWM hovers around 72 and/or SPY goes down to 127.
There you have it. Profitability if SPX is between 1257 and 1376 in the next 19 days. Right now, we are sitting pretty much in the middle of that range so we could say this is so far a comfortable position.
Although on Monday US markets will be closed, this could be an exciting week with all the news that are coming: Consumer Confidence on Tuesday; ECB President Draghi presenting ESRB Annual Report on Wednesday; German Retails Sales and German Unemployment on Thursday, and the Non Farm Payrolls report on Friday. On top of that we could get more clarity as the Greek elections approach. Apparently a shift to the left should be perceived as something negative for Europe, as the leftists would reject austerity agreements with the troika and Greece would default, which could raise a wave of more fear in the European Union. The elections will be held on Sunday June 17, that is two days after the expiration date of our current positions, but according to how things shape up there, the markets might start reacting a bit in advance, reason why I want to eliminate the downside risk exposure on the portfolio closing at least one of the two Put Spreads before expiration.
Play it safe and trade well folks! | {
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Last week, I went to the village of Bishada. On September 28, it will be three years since Mohammad Akhlaq was lynched here by cow vigilantes. My reason for going to Bishada was to see if there was remorse, regret or sadness about what happened. The lynching forced out of the village its only Muslim family. It had been their home for more than 70 years. The road to Bishada is paved and goes past the sprawling compound of the state-owned NTPC power company.
If there had not been an anti-Hindu government in Uttar Pradesh, they said, then these youths would not have gone to jail at all. Besides, did I not think it was wrong for Akhlaq to have killed the calf? I said that I had no proof that he had and this caused a minor uproar in the gathering. "What are you saying? They found 10 kilos of meat in his fridge. Is that not proof?" I said it was hard to imagine that much meat fitting even into a very large fridge and this made them very angry.
To reduce tensions I changed the subject and asked if the village was happy with the Yogi government. This evoked a flood of accolades. The village now had electricity for 20 hours a day, even in the rainy season, and every home had a gas cylinder and a water tank was being built so that every home would get water supplied to it directly. And Yogi had done a remarkable thing by killing more than 4,000 criminals.
It was only after talking for a while about the "parivartan" and "vikas" that had come, they said, only because Narendra Modi was prime minister and Yogi chief minister did I raise the subject of Akhlaq again. I asked if someone could direct me to his house. I was directed to a narrow alley in which two brightly coloured metal doors led to homes that belonged to Akhlaq and his brother. The doors looked as if they had not been opened in a very long while.
Human rights groups estimate that more than 97 per cent of killings by cow vigilantes have happened since 2014. Senior leaders of the BJP boast about how there have been no major riots since Modi became prime minister. Maybe not. But, the lynchings have made too many ordinary Hindus believe that it is open season on Muslims and have created in ordinary Muslims a sense of being second-class citizens in their own country. A peculiar menace hangs in the air. | {
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Bell Boeing delivers first modified MV-22 Osprey to the Marine Corps
Christen McCurdy
Members of the Japan's Ground Self-Defense Force, 30th Infantry Regiment, 12th Brigade fast rope from a MV-22 Osprey during a joint military exercise with U.S. forces in 2017. On Tuesday Bell Boeing announced the first modified versions of the aircraft were available. Photo by Keizo Mori/UPI | License Photo
Dec. 10 (UPI) -- Bell Boeing announced Tuesday that they have delivered the first modified MV-22 Osprey to the United States Marine Corps.
The MV-22 is the Marine Corps' version of the V-22 Osprey, using tilt-rotor technology to offer the vertical flight options of a helicopter, but also the speed and range abilities of a fixed-wing aircraft. In November Bell Boeing was awarded a $146 million contract for upgrades and maintenance on the MV-22 aircraft.
"This milestone marks the beginning of an Osprey evolution," said Kristin Houston, vice president, Boeing Tiltrotor Programs and director of the Bell Boeing V-22 Program. "Through a shared focus on safety and quality, the Bell Boeing team is delivering modernized MV-22 aircraft that are ready to serve our dedicated servicemen and women who rely on this essential aviation resource."
According to Bell Boeing, the Marines have multiple configurations of the MV-22 aircraft in service, but Bell Boeing is reducing the number of configurations available by upgrading block "B" aircraft to the block "C" configuration, the former of which was originally delivered in 2005.
Judge rules Exxon Mobil is not liable for alleged fraud tied to climate change rules Bell Boeing awarded $218.7M for V-22 Osprey support Bell-Boeing awarded $146M for MV-22 aircraft upgrades, maintenance
Defense News // 2 hours ago
Navy to name Ford-class aircraft carrier in honor of black Pearl Harbor hero
Jan. 18 (UPI) -- The Navy has confirmed that it will name the fourth Ford-class aircraft carrier in honor of Doris Miller, the first black man to receive a Navy Cross for his actions during the 1941 Pearl Harbor attack.
Defense News // 1 day ago
FAA warns military training exercise could jam GPS signals in southeast, Caribbean
Jan. 17 (UPI) -- An FAA advisory warns pilots could experience "unreliable or unavailable GPS signal" during a training exercise scheduled for Jan. 16 through Jan. 24.
Eighth Space Flag exercise wrapped as Space Force signed into law
Jan. 17 (UPI) -- Space Flag wrapped its eighth exercise at the Boeing Virtual Warfare Center on the day the U.S. Space Force was created, the branch has announced.
USS Gerald R. Ford carrier begins aircraft compatibility testing
Jan. 17 (UPI) -- The first aircraft, an E2-D, landed on board the USS Gerald R. Ford as the vessel left Norfolk to begin aircraft compatibility testing off the East Coast, according to the Navy.
Defense News // 2 days ago
DoD says it will update vetting for foreign military students
Jan. 16 (UPI) -- The Department of Defense announced Thursday that it plans to update the vetting process for foreign military students "in the coming days."
Navy officials ask for bigger share of Pentagon budget
Jan. 16 (UPI) -- Just over a month before the White House releases its defense spending budget, Navy leaders are both asking for an increase in funds and stressing that surface readiness matters more than growing the fleet.
Lockheed awarded $19.3M for Virginia-class submarine Block V hulls
Jan. 16 (UPI) -- Lockheed Martin was awarded a $19.3 million contract modification to deliver eight masts for Virginia-class submarine hulls for the U.S. Navy, according to the Pentagon.
Raytheon awarded $9M to maintain HARM weapons for Morocco, Turkey, U.S.
Jan. 15 (UPI) -- Raytheon inked a $9 million deal to maintain high-speed anti-radiation missiles, known as HARM, for the Air Force, the government of Morocco and the government of Turkey, according to the Pentagon.
L3Harris nabs $12.9M contract for National Space Defense Center Sustainment
Jan. 15 (UPI) -- L3Harris Technologies received a $12.9 million contract modification for National Space Defense Center sustainment effort, the Department of Defense announced as the Space Force is stood-up and personnel are moved to the command.
Sig Sauer nabs $10M Army contract for sniper rifle ammo
Jan. 15 (UPI) -- The U.S. Army awarded Sig Sauer a $10 million contract to manufacture ammunition for use in the branch's bolt-action sniper rifle. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
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I am a full-time film producer, I oversee all elements of production from concept to the final product. I also provide financial advice in terms of whether the projects qualify to be greenlit. My financial background from EY has prepared me to negotiate with executive directors to secure film financing.
I would say that diversity is my differentiator. Living in three countries (Russia, England and the USA) that have different cultures distinctly shaped my character. I believe that a diverse background helps to manage people on set, especially when it comes to understanding crew members' values and expectations. There are numerous professionals in the entertainment industry that have foreign backgrounds and it is vital to make sure that every team member feels comfortable on set.
My primary goal is the theatrical distribution of films I've been working on, not the expansion of my market share. What does concern me though is that the entertainment landscape is changing on an ongoing basis? Just a couple of days ago it was announced that three giants will emerge onto the streaming services landscape. Customers' tastes and preferences are shifting towards VOD these days. If this trend is likely to continue, there will be fewer moviegoers and more streamers.
Best purchase I've made was my MBA for two reasons. One was the networking, where I was lucky enough to meet great professionals inside and outside my field of expertise. My university provided so many opportunities to meet influencers, CEOs of major organizations (Fortune 500 companies) and impressive professionals, so my network expanded enormously. Understanding financing principles and applying them in real life scenarios was the second reason why MBA was the best purchase. Constructing financial models to analyze the success of the project was learned and is applied in my everyday work.
The worst purchase would be a flight ticket back to Russia, away from friends and family. Spending 10 months in my home country was demotivational as I was not involved much in the production of films. Nevertheless, I gained some vital financing skills that help me analyze proposed film projects.
Don't know whether this is good or bad, but I spend a lot of time on details. When the work is complete, it is very important for me to check again and make sure that everything is done correctly and with no mistakes. Perhaps you should not devote excessive time to review your material, but I like to be confident in my work.
What two pieces of advice would you give to college students/new startup business owners who want to become entrepreneurs?
1. Power of networking. College students and business owners need to get out into the field and introduce themselves to interesting individuals, especially in the entertainment industry. If you met a great scriptwriter and know that one day this person will bring great value to the community or an organization stick close to this writer. Have an extraverted approach when it comes to networking. If you want to be a producer one day, you will need to organize and manage a group of people, and networking early on in your career would be a great help.
2. Speak up when needed. I always encourage students to be proactive inside and outside classrooms. Don't be afraid to share your viewpoint even if people may disagree with you. Even if you are an assistant to the producer, who runs around the room bringing coffee and donuts, interact with the producer as much as possible, share your views, vision, strategies, etc. To my experience, top film producers encourage crew members to share their views.
Jack Ma inspires me the most as he is an example of a person who never gives up and is not the classic story of success. I truly agree with Ma's words:" If you don't give up, you still have a chance. Giving up is the greatest failure." I believe that the same concept applies to the producers, as there are so many unsuccessful movies and yet so few successful that cover up all the costs and bad experiences.
Ability to work with people is something I am very proud of. I get to see and share emotions every day on the set, work with great actors and if I am lucky enough to make life-long friends. Managing people can be extremely frustrating and time-consuming, but all negative emotions fade away when the final product comes out to be what the team initially anticipated. | {
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Index | Reducing the Environmental Impact of the operations and products | Energy
Optimizing the energy intensity in the industrial, commercial, logistical and administrative operations by means of the promotion of a culture focused on the efficient use and the migration to cleaner energy sources.
Employee at the distribution center of the Coffee Business production plant in Medellín, Colombia.
Success stories and acknowledgments
Progress in 2018
GRI 103-2 Progress 2018
GRI 103-3
Reducing the energy intensity of the operations.
Accumulated reduction of 20,4% (kWh/t.p.) in the consumption of thermal energy from non-renewable sources and electric power from the grid for the 2010-2018 term in the industrial operations in Colombia.
Reducing the use of electrical energy in the operations.
The electrical energy consumption indicator (kWh/t.p.) increased 0,9% with respect to 2017 but, for the 2010-2018 term, the accumulated reduction in Colombia was 12,3%.
Reducing the use of thermal energy from non-renewable sources in the operations.
5,9% reduction in the consumption indicator (kWh/t.p.) for thermal energy from non-renewable sources (fossil fuels) in Colombia in relation to 2017.
23,8% accumulated reduction in the indicator (kWh/t.p.) for thermal energy from non-renewable sources for the 2010-2018 term.
Increasing the use of renewable energy sources.
98,4% of the Organization's energy usage consists in cleaner energies (natural gas, electrical energy and biomass) in the operations in Colombia.
23,6% of the total energy usage of the food production operations in Colombia, Mexico, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Peru and Chile corresponds to biomass.
2.268.766 kWh of clean energy generated in the Chocolates Business in Colombia through solar panels on the roofs of the Rionegro production plant, representing 9,5% of the electrical energy consumption of said facilities.
The energy supply in the regions where Grupo Nutresa operates is affected by the volatility of the worldwide fossil fuel prices, which presents an increasingly uncertain scenario due to geopolitical changes such as the instability of the countries that are members of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), Russia, Iran and even the United States.
Moreover, the energy from hydrological and wind sources generates a parallel risk due to the variability of the climate phenomena that are affecting the hydrological cycle around the world. This significantly increases the intensity of the drought and rain events, which also have still unidentified occurrence patterns.
The volatility of the oil price will produce financial and operational impacts that will force the Organization to look for energy independence. Therefore, the reduction in energy consumption from non-renewable sources (fossil fuels) and the energy efficiency are two key variables for ensuring the operation, minimizing the financial impact and preventing reputational risks.
The Company advances in the search for a lower energy intensity and a lesser environmental impact of all its operations.
Considering the challenges, the Organization has defined the following goals for 2020:
Reducing by 25% the energy consumption indicator (non-renewable sources and electrical energy from the grid) per ton produced.
Achieving full energy supply from cleaner sources, in other words, electrical energy, natural gas and renewable sources.
Grupo Nutresa's Businesses have established plans for 2020 in order to reduce energy consumption by means of projects focused on technological overhaul, equipment update and energy audits that allow to reduce the dependence on thermal energy from non-renewable sources. Therefore, the Organization will increase its share of alternative energies, consequently decreasing the greenhouse gas emissions, which mitigates the effects of climate change.
Grupo Nutresa continues to make progress in the search for a lower energy intensity and a lesser environmental impact of all operations by means of the implementation of energy efficiency programs in the productive processes, the technological overhaul, the incorporation of new low energy demand technologies, the development of lesser-impact logistical processes, the construction and implementation of distribution centers with energy efficiency principles, the expansion of a transport fleet with more efficient vehicles powered by cleaner energies, driver training on energy efficiency practices, and the promotion of diverse alternatives of sustainable mobility among all employees.
Employees from the production and maintenance departments of the Biscuits Business production plant in Medellín, Colombia.
An aspect worth highlighting is the standardization and improvement process in the recirculation of hot air in the Medellín production plant of the Coffee Business, which allowed to reduce the consumption of natural gas during the cycle. This process allowed to achieve savings amounting to 279.447 m3 of natural gas, that is a 6% reduction in the process energy indicator.
It is also worth highlighting the redesign and automation of the automatic CIP heating system for the two phases without mixing the currents, an initiative carried out by the Ice Cream Business in Manizales. This ensures the recovery of all the condensate and the maximum energy utilization from steam. Additionally, this initiative allowed to achieve savings of 348 m3/year in the consumption of drinking water and prevented the consumption of 10.752 m3 of natural gas because the system maintained the temperature of the condensate returned to the boiler at stable levels.
Another aspect that stands out is the process focused on reducing the glycol supply pressure without affecting the performance of the processes in the Cold Cuts Business production plant in Medellín. Thus, by modifying the system frequency, the consumption of 133.560 kWh was reduced in the pumping process. This idea was implemented without a money investment and it can be replicated in several production plants of the Business, which will significantly increase the benefits.
Optimization initiatives
In Colombia, Grupo Nutresa achieved a 20,2% accumulated reduction in the indicator for the consumption of energy from non-renewable thermal sources and electrical energy from the grid for the 2010-2018 term. The indicator decreased by 3,5% in relation to the previous year thanks to the process standardization initiatives, such as the cases of the roasting process in the Coffee Business, the glycol pumping system in the Cold Cuts Business and the improvement in the washing processes in the Ice Cream Business.
In the operations in Chile, Costa Rica, Mexico, Panama, Peru and the Dominican Republic, the energy consumption indicator was reduced by 11,1% in comparison with the previous year. This reduction was driven mainly by the improvements to the processes made in the production plants in Costa Rica, Chile and Mexico.
Total energy consumption GRI 302-1 GRI 302-3 ODS 12.2
La Organización continúa siendo la mejor empresa para trabajar en Colombia, con indicadores de rotación saludables comparados con los benchmarks del sector. Para 2018, el indicador de rotación consolidado Grupo fue de 26,3%
Reduction of electric power consumption in the operations
GRI 302-4 ODS 12.2
Solar panel roofs of the Chocolates Business facilities in Rionegro, Colombia.
The specific electrical energy consumption indicator (kWh/t.p.) increased by 0,9% with respect to the previous year but, for the 2010-2018 term, the accumulated reduction was 12,3%. The behavior of this indicator is related to the implementation of new control processes, some of which are the environmental control systems with the start of the operations of the industrial wastewater treatment plants, which increase the energy consumption without an increase in production.
Reduction of the consumption of thermal energy from non-renewable sources in the operations
ODS 12.2
The indicator for the consumption of thermal energy from non-renewable sources (kWh/t.p.) decreased by 5,9% in relation to 2017 thanks to the standardization work in several processes and to the improvement in the quality of the supply of raw materials in the Businesses that use wheat. For the 2010-2018 term, the accumulated reduction in the thermal energy consumption indicator was 23,8%. The Coffee Business continues to work on standardizing the roasting process and the gas post-combustion process (environmental control) that was started in the Medellín production plant, and it began implementing it in the other three production plants in Colombia. This process allowed to achieve a natural gas consumption reduction of 6%, which is equivalent to 279.447 m3/year. In the Ice Cream Business, the steam generation processes have achieved operational improvements that have prevented the use of 10.752 m3 of natural gas.
Green energy supply
In its industrial operations in Colombia, Grupo Nutresa consumed 151 GWh of energy certified as "zero emissions". Due to the fact that this energy was generated by hydroelectric power plants and wind farms, the Organization prevented the emission of 16.319,8 tons of CO2 eq. The energy supplied by EPM in Colombia has a CO2 -eq emission factor equal to zero, according to EPM's I-REC certificates.
EPM obtained the certification of the small hydroelectric power stations of La Vuelta and La Herradura, the Jepirachi Wind Farm and the Porce III hydroelectric project under the I-REC standard. This standard has an international scope and allows to issue, market and redeem Renewable Energy Certificates –RECs– for intensive energy consumption customers in countries where there are no certification systems. For more information, visit: https://bit.ly/2Su3oqe
In its industrial operations in Chile, Grupo Nutresa consumed 12,6 GWh of energy certified as "green energy". Due to the fact that this energy was generated by hydroelectric power plants and wind farms, the Organization prevented the emission of 5.328 tons of CO2 eq. The energy supplied by Chilquinta in Chile has a CO2 -eq emission factor equal to zero, according to the corresponding certificates.
Employee from the roasting process department at the Coffee Business production plant in Medellín, Colombia.
Increase the use of renewable energy sources
Based on its environmental philosophy, Grupo Nutresa prioritizes the use of renewable energies, which is why the use of biomass represents 12,9%of the total energy consumed in Colombia and 33,5% in the international operations.
In this context, the Chocolates Business in Costa Rica uses wood biomass, which represents 41% of the total energy demand of that production plant. Moreover, in its productive processes in Chile, the Tresmontes Lucchetti Business produces coffee, tea and wheat waste that is adapted through drying processes to be utilized as biomass for the generation of steam, which is necessary for said productive processes. This is part of the Organization's initiative to create small circular economy solutions in its facilities. With the addition of wood chips, this biomass represents 44,3% of the energy usage of the production plants in Chile. Therefore, Grupo Nutresa continues to search for alternatives focused on broadening the utilization of the biomass produced in its other Businesses.
Grupo Nutresa achieved an accumulated reduction of 20,4% (kWh/t.p.) in the consumption of thermal energy from non-renewable sources and electric power from the grid for the 2010-2018 term in Colombia.
Total energy consumption of the industrial production plants
527,1 GWh
of the net consumption compared to 2017
Chile, Costa Rica, Mexico, Panama, Peru and the Dominican Republic.
Biomass and other renewable energies
Electric energy
Management of water resources
Packaging and post-consumption
Related ODS | {
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Sibyl, a jaded psychotherapist, returns to her first passion: writing. But her newest patient Margot, a troubled up-and-coming actress, proves to be a source of inspiration that is far too tempting. Fascinated almost to the point of obsession, Sibyl becomes more and more involved in Margot's tumultuous life, reviving volatile memories that bring her face to face with her past.
Actors : Adèle Exarchopoulos, Adrien Bellemare, Arthur Harari, Gaspard Ulliel, Jeane Arra-Bellanger, Laure Calamy, Liv Harari, Niels Schneider, Paul Hamy, Sandra Hüller, Virginie Efira
Director : Justine Triet
Country : Belgium, France
Killing Them Safely
In the early 2000s, two brothers found tremendous success when their company began selling a device that has been called 'the biggest revolution in law enforcement since the radio.' But as their company grew, they made decisions that would have lasting impact on both the public and their increasingly skeptical customer base.
A mail company pushes their pilots to fly overnight to increase their delivery speed, but storms threaten.
Infection takes place in a dark, isolated hospital, where one doctors mistake has led to dire consequences for a patient. In a hospital death is just a breath away.
The Spirit of St. Louis
Charles 'Slim' Lindbergh struggles to finance and design an airplane that will make his New York to Paris flight the first solo transatlantic crossing.
On a romantic getaway to Iceland, a young American couple wake up one morning to discover every person on Earth has disappeared. Their struggle to survive and to reconcile the mysterious event lead them to reconsider everything they know about themselves and the world.
Country: Iceland, USA
While her father is away serving in the military, Sadie battles to preserve his place on the home front when her mother takes an interest in a new man.
A scientist uses his invention – the "Menger Sponge" – to capture the energy of a dead child's spirit in an old building. In trying to determine why the energy of the ghost does not dissipate, the team discovers the identity and the dramatic story of the boy.
Genre: Drama, Horror, Mystery, Sci-Fi, Thriller
Twice Upon a Yesterday
Victor Bukowski is an out-of-work actor with problems. He's got a lousy agent, he has a habit of falling out with directors and he's still in love with his ex-girlfriend. However, Victor is about to embark on an unexpected emotional journey which will make him confront his future and his past mistakes.
Country: France, Germany, Spain, UK, USA
The Legend Is Born: Ip Man
Featuring some of the most spectacular, innovative and explosive martial arts ever staged, The Legend Is Born is the remarkable true story of the early life of Ip Man, the formidable kung fu genius who would become Bruce Lee's mentor.Beginning at the start of his journey from his initial training through to the ultimate battle to become supreme master of the art of Wing Chun, The Legend Is Born has already been hailed as one of the greatest martial arts films of all time and features an all-star cast, including Sammo Hung (Enter The Dragon), Yuen Biao and Ip Man's real life son, 76-year-old Ip Chun, as Ip Man's kung fu master.
Genre: Action, Biography, Drama, History, Sport
Too much happens too many times in this potentially brilliant parable.
Country: Bulgaria, Turkey
Kankerlijers
Three teenagers appear to have a lot of fun on the children's oncology department on the fourth floor of a large hospital. Nick (14) and Iwan (15) both lost a leg as a result of bone cancer. For their friend Olivier (16) an amputation may be the next phase. The fourth of the bunch, Pepijn (15), is so ill and weak that he often stays in his room. Friendship and a deep desire to live keeps the guys mentally balanced. And of course their interest in sexy girls makes them act like any ordinary teenager. They make jokes about their illness. They call each other "sickos". The sickos cannot walk, but with their wheelchairs they do risky stunts and organise joyrides in the corridors of the hospital. Their friendship changes when Gina (16) arrives. The boys try to seduce her, but Gina is not interested at first, until she realises that her stay in the hospital will be a lot less depressive when she has friends. Sickos is a humorous drama that deals with adolescence and chemotherapy
The Cheating Pact
Three high school students that are under pressure from their parents to get into good colleges convince a shy but very smart girl to take the College Entrance Test for them. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
SCEPCOP Forum
Scientific Committee to Evaluate PseudoSkeptic Criticism of the Paranormal
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Obama creates Hitler Youth Gestapo in America, for REAL!
Discuss Conspiracies and Cover Ups - e.g. 9/11 Truth, JFK Assassination, New World Order, Roswell, Moon Hoax, Secret Societies, etc. whatever conspiracy floats your boat.
by Scepcop » 13 Jun 2010, 19:42
I just did some research and it turns out that this new "Obama Youth Gestapo" I heard about is actually REAL. It's very disturbing and very identical to the Hitler Nazi Youth. See for yourself at the videos and articles below:
Training camp for Obama Youth:
Comparison video of American youth singing praises to Obama vs. Hitler youth singing praises to Hitler. Notice the eerie similarity!
Now why does the President of the US need people to sing to him, unless he's planning to become a dictator?
Here is an article "Boy Scouts Train to Become Homeland Gestapo":
http://www.infowars.com/boy-scouts-trai ... d-gestapo/
Apparently, these kids are being trained in how to use guns so they can arrest or fight illegal aliens and disgruntled US veterans! Why don't more Americans see how wrong this is? It's obviously a Hitler Youth program, targeting kids who are the easiest to brainwash and control, a big step in bringing the US into fascism. It's so obvious, yet Americans are oblivious to it. Doesn't anyone remember Nazi Germany? Sheesh.
I also hear that the government is now offering school kids $200 rewards to spy on their parents. Golly!
The New York Times also has an article about this (though they do not dare admit the obvious or see anything wrong of course):
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/14/us/14explorers.html
Check out these pics below:
Now, if anyone here sees nothing wrong with kids being trained to use machine guns and obey the State and sing praises to their leader, then your head is truly F-ed!
"Devotion to the truth is the hallmark of morality; there is no greater, nobler, more heroic form of devotion than the act of a man who assumes the responsibility of thinking." - Ayn Rand, Atlas Shrugged
Scepcop
Re: Obama Youth training to become Homeland Gestapo!
by NinjaPuppy » 13 Jun 2010, 21:38
I'm going to start at the end and end at the begining of your post:
Scouting began in 1907 when Robert Baden-Powell, Lieutenant General in the British Army, held the first Scouting encampment at Brownsea Island in England. Baden-Powell wrote the principles of Scouting in Scouting for Boys (London, 1908), based on his earlier military books....
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scouting
Scouting was started with a military program in mind. It has morphed over it's 100+ years but IMO it has always been a child training group for this purpose. I don't find it such a strech to think that they might want to upgrade the program to include a more open militaristic flair since 911. Actually, I have no problem at all with children being properly trained to use weapons at any age. I was three when I got my first introduction to weapons. My dad would take me into the yard during his 'hunting practice' and explain all the safety aspects of different guns and the proper way to handle them. By time I was 10 I could pretty much take out a target without a problem. Guns were never 'glorified' in my family. They were considered lethal weapons and treated as such. They had one purpose and that was to kill and were only drawn with that intent.
It did make me feel more confident that if put in a life or death postion, that I had the basic skills and know how to perhaps live to tell about it. With the way things are going in this world right now, I see no problem in teaching children proper weapon handling.
As for the singing praises to "Our Fearless Leader"... those videos were from Obama's campaign commercials. That little girl singing at the begining squicked me out from day one. Yes, eerily similar to Hitler's little ditty sang by the children of Germany. No doubt. I am no fan of Obama. But as a former Girl Scout... I was taught to support the government and to pledge allegience to the flag of the United States of America. I do that by backing programs that I personally believe in. In other words, I may not agree with any of this war but I fully support the men and women of this country who fight for our freedom and who keep us safe in the process. War sucks no matter how you slice it. The world is changing and if we don't keep up with the changes we are going to fall dangerously behind. It isn't bad enough that we have entire governments that would like to see us all dead. We have plenty of home grown nuts who are more than willing to help in our demise.
NinjaPuppy
Re: Obama creates Hitler Youth Corps in America, for REAL!
See Alex Jones' rant about this. It's really good and calls for a possible civil war and fight.
Jason Bermas analyzes an Obama Youth Corps commercial which is very revealing.
Obviously they start with the poorest most desperate kids cause they are the most vulnerable.
NinjaPuppy wrote: I'm going to start at the end and end at the begining of your post:
Did you see the article? They are being trained to fight and kill US veterans! They are being trained as Gestapo forces, not as citizens who just do good things. And they are told to report their parents too! Did you do that when you were a girl scout? Were you trained with weapons and to function as a SWAT team?
The war is unnecessary. It's about power and greed and control. Why would any intelligent freethinking person support that? People are dying for US corporations. Is that a cause worth dying for?
You do see that this is fascism don't you?
Btw, is Alex Jones right when he said that his dad in the 60's was allowed to bring a shotgun to school so he could go shooting with his teacher after school? Kids were allowed to bring guns to school in those days?
Yet there were no school shootings!
It's the same way that gangs recruit. The younger the person, the easier they are to manipulate and train.
Yes, I read the article. I do not doubt that what is written in that article won't become fact.
Last month, Infowars reported on a document produced by the Department of Homeland Security's National Infrastructure Coordinating Center identifying advocates of the Second Amendment, veterans, pro-life activists, and militia members as dangerous terrorists. A subsequent DHS document, entitled "Domestic Extremism Lexicon," pinpointed "antigovernment" types "rejecting federal authority in favor of state or local authority" as possible terrorists.
As for your statement about US Veterans, in many cases they were already used and abused by our government the day they signed up for service. Have you ever gone to a VA Hospital? Since there are many deplorable medical facilities in this country, I can't single out the ones run by our government but I find it a real shame that any medical facility operated by the US Gov't. specifically to treat veterans is not top notch. A few of these facilities are not up to par and I have seen many a disabled veteran treated like garbage by staff during a required visit to maintain their benefits. I do quite a bit of work with disabled vets and I have plenty of experience with the stupid red tape that mucks up moving forward to change that system.
IMO since WWII the US Government has been trying to stay on top of anyone who has bucked the system so this is not 'news' to me. Being a child of the 50's and growing up within the 60's made me realize decades ago that most of what we are told is Bull S**t to manipulate us. For me it's SSDD, in a brown paper wrapper but this year, they put a red, white and blue bow on it.
One of the other videos that you posted had a very good comment. Something along the lines of "Never waste a perfectly good disaster" or something to that effect. Fear is a powerful tool and they are using it for all it is worth right now.
Scepcop wrote: Btw, is Alex Jones right when he said that his dad in the 60's was allowed to bring a shotgun to school so he could go shooting with his teacher after school? Kids were allowed to bring guns to school in those days?
That was sort of my point about my story. It was not a problem to carry a knife in school when I was a kid. Heck, the nuns used to carry them as they were considered necessary to peel an apple or cut string on the fly.
I was taught that a gun was not a toy nor was it something that you used for intimidation. It had one purpose, to kill. Having a gun didn't make you cool or someone to be feared. You didn't show it off or let other people handle it. How that mindset got screwed up, I have no idea.
NinjaPuppy wrote:
So you grew up in the 50's and 60's? Wow. Were people as innocent and kind hearted as they were in the Leave it to Beaver show and Andy Griffin Show, or even in The Big Valley? Did you ever watch The Big Valley? I'll bet you had a crush on those guys in it huh?
Scepcop wrote: So you grew up in the 50's and 60's? Wow.
Wow? I'm sorry, I am chuckling here due to the "Wow".
Scepcop wrote: Were people as innocent and kind hearted as they were in the Leave it to Beaver show and Andy Griffin Show, or even in The Big Valley? Did you ever watch The Big Valley? I'll bet you had a crush on those guys in it huh?
They were no different then than they are today. The difference was that the media didn't portray disfunctionality as acceptable. In the late 70s it was The Moral Majority that tried to keep what the average American saw on TV 'wholesome family entertainment'. Before that it was the Hays Office and of course the Motion Picture Production Code http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motion_Pic ... ction_Code as television cam much later than motion pictures.
Nothing was different except for the control over what you were and weren't allowed to see in the media.
Re: Obama creates Hitler Youth Gestapo in America, for REAL!
by ProfWag » 15 Jun 2010, 03:00
Yo Scepcop, when was the last time you did a search of the internet on something that's actually useful, beneficial, and/or non anti-governmental?
ProfWag
by Nostradamus » 15 Jun 2010, 05:04
I guess the local scouting groups have not gotten the message. LOL. A bunch of lunatics write something and it is taken as gospel.
Scimitars were not available - beware January 19, 2038 is upon us.
When I said Wow, I meant "Wow now I can learn about the past from you" I am a history fan and feel very nostalgic about the past. But of course, we tend to remember the past as better than it actually was.
But I always hear that people back then were different in that they were less paranoid, not as eager to sue everyone, and that neighbors knew each other and had barbecues a lot. That's why people who are over 50 in America tend to be more easy going, good natured and open to talking to strangers. Isn't that true? Nowadays, hardly anyone knows their neighbors anymore. They are glued to TV's and more in a bubble.
ProfWag wrote: Yo Scepcop, when was the last time you did a search of the internet on something that's actually useful, beneficial, and/or non anti-governmental?
I research all kinds of things, including history. Whatever I am interested in. That's my business. You can't control a man's passions.
What I research is useful to ME.
Scepcop wrote:
Exactly. The things you post are anti-governmental and fit your own agenda, just as you said. They don't appear to do much for bringing people together.
Scepcop wrote: When I said Wow, I meant "Wow now I can learn about the past from you" I am a history fan and feel very nostalgic about the past. But of course, we tend to remember the past as better than it actually was.
Not me. My past sucked and it's not something you forget too easily.
SCEPCOP wrote: But I always hear that people back then were different in that they were less paranoid, not as eager to sue everyone, and that neighbors knew each other and had barbecues a lot. That's why people who are over 50 in America tend to be more easy going, good natured and open to talking to strangers. Isn't that true? Nowadays, hardly anyone knows their neighbors anymore. They are glued to TV's and more in a bubble.
Less paranoia was due to stupidity. I don't mean that as in people were stupid, they were uninformed. You could have a serial killer loose in your neighborhood and you wouldn't know it. News didn't travel too fast and unless you were an avid reader of newspapers, you knew very little of what was going on right in your own backyard. With better media and communication, came useful information and education. Well...until the media decided to present spin point of view and clammor for rating shares, rather than facts.
I am also a history buff. I have always loved learning about factual things from the past. Different cultures and their lifestyles were my passion. It's like a window into how the other half lived. Rather than keeping up with the Joneses.
Return to Conspiracies / Cover Ups
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package com.nfl.glitr.calculator;
import com.nfl.glitr.exception.GlitrException;
import com.nfl.glitr.registry.schema.GlitrFieldDefinition;
import com.nfl.glitr.registry.schema.GlitrMetaDefinition;
import com.nfl.glitr.registry.schema.GraphQLConnectionList;
import graphql.language.*;
import graphql.parser.InvalidSyntaxException;
import graphql.parser.Parser;
import graphql.parser.antlr.GraphqlLexer;
import graphql.schema.*;
import net.objecthunter.exp4j.Expression;
import net.objecthunter.exp4j.ExpressionBuilder;
import org.antlr.v4.runtime.CharStreams;
import org.antlr.v4.runtime.CommonToken;
import org.antlr.v4.runtime.InputMismatchException;
import org.apache.commons.collections.CollectionUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.tuple.Pair;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import static com.nfl.glitr.util.NodeUtil.COMPLEXITY_FORMULA_KEY;
import static com.nfl.glitr.util.NodeUtil.COMPLEXITY_IGNORE_KEY;
import static org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils.defaultString;
/*
This class is used as a tool to compute complexity of a graphql string query.
We can test the query's character limit.
We can test the query's depth limit.
We can test the query's overall score.
* maxCharacterLimit = maximum allowed characters in the query string.
* maxDepthLimit = maximum allowed depth in the query string.
* defaultMultiplier = multiplier per depth level
*/
public class QueryComplexityCalculator {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(QueryComplexityCalculator.class);
private static final String[] ALPHABET = new String[]{"a","b","c","d","e","f","g","h","i","j","k","l","m","n","o","p","q","r","s","t","u","v","w","x","y","z"};
private static final Pattern FORMULA_VARIABLE_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("(#\\{.*?})");
private static final String FORMULA_VARIABLE_OPEN_TAG = "#{";
private static final String FORMULA_VARIABLE_CLOSS_TAG = "}";
private final String QUERY_FIELD = "FIELD";
private final String MUTATION_DEFINITION = "mutation";
private final int maxCharacterLimit;
private final int maxDepthLimit;
private final int maxScoreLimit;
private final double defaultMultiplier;
private final Parser documentParser;
private GraphQLSchema schema;
public QueryComplexityCalculator() {
this.maxCharacterLimit = 10000;
this.maxDepthLimit = 8;
this.maxScoreLimit = 500;
this.defaultMultiplier = 10d;
this.documentParser = new Parser();
}
public QueryComplexityCalculator(int maxCharacterLimit, int maxDepthLimit, int maxScoreLimit, int defaultMultiplier) {
this.maxCharacterLimit = maxCharacterLimit;
this.maxDepthLimit = maxDepthLimit;
this.maxScoreLimit = maxScoreLimit;
this.defaultMultiplier = defaultMultiplier;
this.documentParser = new Parser();
}
public QueryComplexityCalculator(int maxCharacterLimit, int maxDepthLimit, int maxScoreLimit, int defaultMultiplier, Parser documentParser) {
this.maxCharacterLimit = maxCharacterLimit;
this.maxDepthLimit = maxDepthLimit;
this.maxScoreLimit = maxScoreLimit;
this.defaultMultiplier = defaultMultiplier;
this.documentParser = documentParser;
}
public QueryComplexityCalculator withSchema(GraphQLSchema schema) {
this.schema = schema;
return this;
}
/**
* @param query - graphql query string
* @param variables graphQL query variables
* We want to validate the query or fail fast.
*/
public void validate(String query, Map<String, Object> variables) {
if (characterLimitExceeded(query)) {
throw new GlitrException(String.format("query length has exceeded the maximum of %d characters.", maxCharacterLimit));
}
if (depthLimitExceeded(query)) {
throw new GlitrException(String.format("query depth has exceeded the maximum depth level of %d.", maxDepthLimit));
}
if (scoreLimitExceeded(query, variables)){
throw new GlitrException(String.format("query score has exceeded the maximum score level of %d.", maxScoreLimit));
}
}
/**
* @param query - graphql query string
* @return true if the query's length is greater than the maximum allowed number of characters.
*/
public boolean characterLimitExceeded(String query) {
return characterScore(query) > maxCharacterLimit;
}
/**
* @param query - graphql query string
* @return the length of the query string. If the query is a mutation, we retrieve the return query body of the mutation
*/
public int characterScore(String query) {
if (StringUtils.isBlank(query)) {
throw new GlitrException("query cannot be null or empty");
}
try {
Document document = parseRootNode(query);
OperationDefinition operationDefinition = getFirstByType(document.getChildren(), OperationDefinition.class)
.orElseThrow(() -> new GlitrException("Cannot find 'OperationDefinition' node"));
if (operationDefinition.getOperation() == OperationDefinition.Operation.MUTATION){
query = extractReturnQueryFromMutation(operationDefinition);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("Cannot parse inbound query", e);
}
return query.trim().length();
}
/**
* @param query - graphql query string
* @return true if the query's depth is greater than the maximum allowed depth.
*/
public boolean depthLimitExceeded(String query) {
return depthScore(query) > maxDepthLimit;
}
/**
* @param query - graphql query string
* @return the maximum depth of the query string
*/
public int depthScore(String query) {
if (StringUtils.isBlank(query)) {
throw new GlitrException("query cannot be null or empty");
}
QueryComplexityNode entryPoint = buildComplexityModel(query);
return calculateMaxDepth(entryPoint);
}
/**
* @param parentNode Root node to recursively iterate and find the deepest child.
* @return the maximum child depth as an integer. We start at the queryNode. We figure out what type of node this is.
* It can be an OPERATION_DEFINITION, a SELECTION_SET, a FIELD, etc. If it's a field and not a LEAF, we increase
* the depth by 1. A node is considered a LEAF when it doesn't have any children. We continue and recursively go
* through each child and figure out what the deepest one is. The deepest child is what is returned as the maximum depth.
*
* Examples
******************************************************************************************************************
******************************************************************************************************************
* Depth = 0
* {
* trackName
* }
******************************************************************************************************************
******************************************************************************************************************
* Depth = 1
* {
* playLists{
* playListId
* }
* }
******************************************************************************************************************
******************************************************************************************************************
* Depth = 2
* {
* playLists{
* playListId
* tracks{
* trackId
* }
* }
* }
******************************************************************************************************************
******************************************************************************************************************
* Depth = 2
* {
* playLists{
* playListId
* tracks{
* trackId
* }
* artists{
* artistId
* }
* }
* }
******************************************************************************************************************
******************************************************************************************************************
* Depth = 3
* {
* playLists{
* playListId
* tracks{
* trackId
* trackInfo{
* runtime
* }
* }
* }
* }
******************************************************************************************************************
******************************************************************************************************************
*/
private int calculateMaxDepth(QueryComplexityNode parentNode) {
int depth = 0;
if (!parentNode.isIgnore() && !isLeaf(parentNode)) {
depth = 1;
}
int maxChildDepth = 0;
for (QueryComplexityNode childNode : parentNode.getChildren()) {
final int currentChildDepth = calculateMaxDepth(childNode);
maxChildDepth = Math.max(maxChildDepth, currentChildDepth);
}
depth += maxChildDepth;
return depth;
}
/**
* @param query graphql query string
* @param variables graphql query variables
* @return true if the {@link #queryScore(String, Map) query's score} result is greater than the maximum allowed score.
*/
public boolean scoreLimitExceeded(String query, Map<String, Object> variables) {
return queryScore(query, variables) > maxScoreLimit;
}
/**
* <pre>
*
* ****************************************************************************************************************
* ****************************************************************************************************************
* {
* playLists{ multiplier = 10 (default)
* id
* }
* }
* score = 10
* ****************************************************************************************************************
* ****************************************************************************************************************
* {
* playLists{ multiplier (default) = 10
* id
* tracks(first:4){ first = 4, multiplier (default) = 10
* trackId
* }
* }
* }
* score = (10) + (4 * 10) = 50
* ****************************************************************************************************************
* ****************************************************************************************************************
* {
* playLists{ multiplier (default) = 10
* id
* tracks(first:4){ first = 4, multiplier (default) = 10
* trackId
* trackInfo{ multiplier (default) = 10
* runtime
* authors(first:2){ first = 2, multiplier (default) = 10
* authorName
* }
* }
* }
* }
* }
* score = 10 + (4 * 10) + 10 + (2 * 10) = 70
* ****************************************************************************************************************
* ****************************************************************************************************************
* {
* playLists{ multiplier (default) = 10
* id
* tracks(first:4){ first = 4, multiplier (default) = 10
* trackId
* trackInfo{ multiplier (default) = 10
* runtime
* }
* }
* }
* }
* score = 10 + (4 * 10) + 10 = 60
* ****************************************************************************************************************
* ****************************************************************************************************************
* {
* playLists{ multiplier (default) = 10
* id
* tracks(first:4){ first = 4, multiplier (default) = 10
* trackId
* trackInfo{ multiplier (default) = 10
* runtime
* }
* }
* }
* }
* score = 10 + (4 * 10) + 10 = 60
* ****************************************************************************************************************
* ****************************************************************************************************************
* {@literal @}GlitrQueryComplexity("#{depth} + #{childScore} + #{currentCollectionSize} + #{totalCollectionsSize}
* + #{maxCharacterLimit} + #{maxDepthLimit} + #{maxScoreLimit} + #{defaultMultiplier} + 5")
* private List trackInfo;
*
* #{maxCharacterLimit} = 11, #{maxDepthLimit} = 22, #{maxScoreLimit} = 33, #{defaultMultiplier} = 10
*
* {
* playLists{ multiplier (default) = 10
* id
* tracks(first:4){ first = 4, multiplier (default) = 10
* trackId
* trackInfo(first:2){ #{depth} = 3, #{childScore} = 10, #{currentCollectionSize} = 2, #{totalCollectionsSize} = 6
* runtime
* author{ multiplier (default) = 10
* authorName
* }
* }
* }
* }
* }
* score = 10 + (4 * 10) + (3 + 10 + 2 + 6 + 11 + 22 + 33 + 10 + 5) + 10 = 162
* ****************************************************************************************************************
* ****************************************************************************************************************
* </pre>
* @param query string
* @param variables graphQL query variables
* @return query score as an double. The way the query score is calculated is by summing the multipliers of all nodes.
**/
public double queryScore(String query, Map<String, Object> variables) {
return queryScoreDetails(query, variables).getTotalWeight();
}
/**
*
* @param query string
* @param variables graphQL query variables
* @return {@link QueryComplexityNode}
*/
public QueryComplexityNode queryScoreDetails(String query, Map<String, Object> variables) {
if (StringUtils.isBlank(query)) {
throw new GlitrException("query cannot be null or empty");
}
QueryComplexityNode complexityModel = buildComplexityModel(query);
return queryScoreDetails(complexityModel, 0, new HashMap<>(), variables);
}
private QueryComplexityNode buildComplexityModel(String query) {
Document document = parseRootNode(query);
Map<String, Pair<String, List<Selection>>> fragments = getFragments(document);
OperationDefinition operationDefinition = getFirstByType(document.getChildren(), OperationDefinition.class)
.orElseThrow(() -> new GlitrException("Cannot find node 'OperationDefinition'"));
Field queryEntryPoint = getFirstFieldNode(operationDefinition);
if (queryEntryPoint == null) {
return new QueryComplexityNode();
}
GraphQLFieldDefinition rootSchemaField = getRootSchemaField(query, queryEntryPoint.getName());
boolean mutationQuery = operationDefinition.getOperation() == OperationDefinition.Operation.MUTATION;
boolean ignoreField = ignoreFieldOrDefault(rootSchemaField, mutationQuery);
QueryComplexityNode rootComplexityNode = new QueryComplexityNode(queryEntryPoint.getName());
rootComplexityNode.setFormula(getGraphQLMeta(rootSchemaField, COMPLEXITY_FORMULA_KEY));
rootComplexityNode.setIgnore(ignoreField);
return buildComplexityModel(queryEntryPoint, rootComplexityNode, rootSchemaField, fragments);
}
private QueryComplexityNode buildComplexityModel(Node queryNode, QueryComplexityNode queryComplexityParentNode, GraphQLFieldDefinition parentSchemaField, Map<String, Pair<String, List<Selection>>> fragments) {
for (Node child : (List<Node>) queryNode.getChildren()) {
if (child instanceof Argument) {
queryComplexityParentNode.addArgument((Argument) child);
buildComplexityModel(child, queryComplexityParentNode, parentSchemaField, fragments);
} else if (child instanceof FragmentSpread) {
buildComplexityModelForFragmentSpread((FragmentSpread) child, queryComplexityParentNode, parentSchemaField, fragments);
} else if (child instanceof InlineFragment) {
buildComplexityModelForInlineFragment((InlineFragment) child, queryComplexityParentNode, parentSchemaField, fragments);
} else if (child instanceof Field) {
buildChildComplexityNode((Field) child, queryComplexityParentNode, parentSchemaField, parentSchemaField != null ? parentSchemaField.getType() : null, fragments);
} else {
buildComplexityModel(child, queryComplexityParentNode, parentSchemaField, fragments);
}
}
return queryComplexityParentNode;
}
private QueryComplexityNode buildComplexityModelForInlineFragment(InlineFragment node, QueryComplexityNode parentComplexityNode, GraphQLFieldDefinition parentSchemaField, Map<String, Pair<String, List<Selection>>> fragments) {
String typeName = node.getTypeCondition().getName();
GraphQLObjectType type = ((GraphQLObjectType) schema.getType(typeName));
for (Selection selection : node.getSelectionSet().getSelections()) {
buildChildComplexityNode((Field) selection, parentComplexityNode, parentSchemaField, type, fragments);
}
return parentComplexityNode;
}
private QueryComplexityNode buildComplexityModelForFragmentSpread(FragmentSpread node, QueryComplexityNode parentComplexityNode, GraphQLFieldDefinition parentSchemaField, Map<String, Pair<String, List<Selection>>> fragments) {
String typeName = node.getName();
Pair<String, List<Selection>> fragment = fragments.get(typeName);
if (fragment != null) {
GraphQLObjectType type = (GraphQLObjectType) schema.getType(fragment.getKey());
for (Selection selection : fragment.getValue()) {
buildChildComplexityNode((Field) selection, parentComplexityNode, parentSchemaField, type, fragments);
}
}
return parentComplexityNode;
}
private QueryComplexityNode buildChildComplexityNode(Field node, QueryComplexityNode parentComplexityNode, GraphQLFieldDefinition parentSchemaField, GraphQLOutputType currentSchemaFieldType, Map<String, Pair<String, List<Selection>>> fragments) {
String nodeName = node.getName();
GraphQLFieldDefinition graphQLObject = getGraphQLObject(currentSchemaFieldType, nodeName);
QueryComplexityNode childComplexity = new QueryComplexityNode(nodeName);
childComplexity.setIgnore(ignoreFieldOrDefault(graphQLObject, isConnectionNode(parentSchemaField, nodeName)));
childComplexity.setFormula(getGraphQLMeta(graphQLObject, COMPLEXITY_FORMULA_KEY));
parentComplexityNode.addChild(childComplexity);
buildComplexityModel(node, childComplexity, graphQLObject, fragments);
return parentComplexityNode;
}
private GraphQLFieldDefinition getGraphQLObject(GraphQLOutputType objType, String name) {
if (objType == null) {
return null;
}
try {
GraphQLFieldsContainer container = getWrappedContainer(objType);
if (container != null) {
return container.getFieldDefinition(name);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("Missed ({}) field of ({}) graphQL type", name, objType.getName());
}
return null;
}
private GraphQLFieldsContainer getWrappedContainer(GraphQLType objType) {
if (objType instanceof GraphQLModifiedType) {
return getWrappedContainer(((GraphQLModifiedType) objType).getWrappedType());
}
if (objType instanceof GraphQLFieldsContainer) {
return (GraphQLFieldsContainer) objType;
}
logger.error("Not supported graphQLType {} ", objType);
return null;
}
private GraphQLFieldDefinition getRootSchemaField(String query, String entryPoint) {
if (schema == null) {
return null;
}
boolean mutationQuery = isMutation(query);
GraphQLObjectType rootType = mutationQuery ? schema.getMutationType() : schema.getQueryType();
return rootType.getFieldDefinition(entryPoint);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private QueryComplexityNode queryScoreDetails(QueryComplexityNode parentNode, int depth, Map<String, Double> nestedContext, Map<String, Object> queryVariables) {
Map<String, Double> context = refreshQueryContext(nestedContext, parentNode, queryVariables);
depth = !parentNode.isIgnore() ? (depth + 1) : depth;
double childScores = 0d;
for (QueryComplexityNode currentChild : parentNode.getChildren()) {
QueryComplexityNode childComplexityNode = queryScoreDetails(currentChild, depth , context, queryVariables);
childScores += childComplexityNode.getTotalWeight();
}
double currentNodeScore = 0d;
if (!parentNode.isIgnore()) {
Map<String, Double> nodeContext = buildContext(parentNode, nestedContext, depth, childScores, queryVariables);
currentNodeScore = extractMultiplierFromListField(parentNode, nodeContext, queryVariables);
parentNode.setWeight(currentNodeScore);
}
parentNode.setTotalWeight(getTotalWeight(parentNode, queryVariables, currentNodeScore, childScores));
return parentNode;
}
private double getTotalWeight(QueryComplexityNode node, Map<String, Object> queryVariables, double currentNodeScore, double childScores) {
String multiplier = node.getFormula();
Optional<Integer> listLimit = getLimitArgIfPresent(node, queryVariables);
if (listLimit.isPresent() && StringUtils.isBlank(multiplier)) {
double collectionSize = listLimit.get();
if (childScores != 0) {
childScores = collectionSize * childScores;
}
return (collectionSize * defaultMultiplier) + childScores;
} else {
return currentNodeScore + childScores;
}
}
private <T> T getGraphQLMeta(GraphQLFieldDefinition graphQlObject, String name) {
Optional<Set<GlitrMetaDefinition>> metaDefinitions = Optional.ofNullable(graphQlObject)
.map(GraphQLFieldDefinition::getDefinition)
.filter(x -> x instanceof GlitrFieldDefinition)
.map(x -> ((GlitrFieldDefinition)x).getMetaDefinitions())
.filter(CollectionUtils::isNotEmpty);
if (metaDefinitions.isPresent()) {
return metaDefinitions.get().stream()
.filter(metaDefinition -> name.equals(metaDefinition.getName()))
.findFirst()
.map(metaDefinition -> (T) metaDefinition.getValue())
.orElse(null);
}
return null;
}
private boolean isConnectionNode(GraphQLFieldDefinition graphQlObject, String name) {
if (graphQlObject == null) {
return false;
}
GraphQLType objType = graphQlObject.getType();
if (objType instanceof GraphQLConnectionList) {
return true;
}
if (objType instanceof GraphQLObjectType) {
GraphQLFieldDefinition fieldDefinition = ((GraphQLObjectType) objType).getFieldDefinition(name);
return fieldDefinition != null && fieldDefinition.getType() instanceof GraphQLConnectionList;
}
return false;
}
private Map<String, Double> refreshQueryContext(Map<String, Double> queryContext, QueryComplexityNode field, Map<String, Object> queryVariables) {
int limit = getLimitArgIfPresent(field, queryVariables).orElse(0);
Double parentCollectionsSize = queryContext.getOrDefault("totalCollectionsSize", 0d);
Double totalCollectionsSize = parentCollectionsSize + limit;
queryContext.put("totalCollectionsSize", totalCollectionsSize);
return new HashMap<>(queryContext);
}
private Map buildContext(QueryComplexityNode field, Map<String, Double> queryContext, int depth, double childScores, Map<String, Object> queryVariables) {
double totalCollectionsSize = queryContext.getOrDefault("totalCollectionsSize", 0d);
int limit = getLimitArgIfPresent(field, queryVariables).orElse(0);
Map<String, Double> multiplierContext = new HashMap<>();
multiplierContext.put("totalCollectionsSize", totalCollectionsSize);
multiplierContext.put("currentCollectionSize", (double) limit);
multiplierContext.put("depth", (double) depth);
multiplierContext.put("childScore", childScores);
multiplierContext.put("maxCharacterLimit", (double) maxCharacterLimit);
multiplierContext.put("maxDepthLimit", (double) maxDepthLimit);
multiplierContext.put("maxScoreLimit", (double) maxScoreLimit);
multiplierContext.put("defaultMultiplier", defaultMultiplier);
return multiplierContext;
}
private Optional<Integer> getLimitArgIfPresent(QueryComplexityNode node, Map<String, Object> queryVariables) {
if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(node.getArguments())) {
return Optional.empty();
}
Optional<Argument> listLimit = node.getArguments().stream()
.filter(argument -> argument.getName().equals("first"))
.findFirst();
Integer limit = null;
if (listLimit.isPresent()) {
Value value = listLimit.get().getValue();
if (value instanceof VariableReference && queryVariables != null) {
limit = (Integer) queryVariables.get(((VariableReference) value).getName());
} else if (value instanceof IntValue) {
limit = ((IntValue) value).getValue().intValue();
}
}
return Optional.ofNullable(limit);
}
/**
*
* @param query - graphql query string
* @return the root node. We parse the query with a graphql library and retrieve a document object. We filter the
* document object in search of an OPERATION_DEFINITION. If the query is a MUTATION we extract the return query
* from the mutation body. If it's not a mutation, we parse as is.
*/
private Document parseRootNode(String query) {
try {
return documentParser.parseDocument(query);
} catch (InvalidSyntaxException e) {
throw new GlitrException(String.format("Cannot parse query. %s %s", e.getMessage(), query));
} catch (Exception e) {
String humanMessage = null;
if (e.getCause() instanceof InputMismatchException && ((InputMismatchException) e.getCause()).getOffendingToken() instanceof CommonToken) {
humanMessage = ((CommonToken) ((InputMismatchException) e.getCause()).getOffendingToken()).toString(new GraphqlLexer(CharStreams.fromString(query)));
}
throw new GlitrException(String.format("Cannot parse query. %s %s", defaultString(humanMessage), query));
}
}
/**
*
* @param document - graphql query represented by document model
* @return the map where the key is a user specified fragment name and value is a pair of schema type name with field set
*/
private Map<String, Pair<String, List<Selection>>> getFragments(Document document) {
Map<String, Pair<String, List<Selection>>> fragments = new HashMap<>();
List<FragmentDefinition> fragmentDefinitions = getByType(document.getChildren(), FragmentDefinition.class);
for (FragmentDefinition fragmentDefinition : fragmentDefinitions) {
getFirstByType(fragmentDefinition.getChildren(), SelectionSet.class)
.ifPresent(f -> fragments.put(fragmentDefinition.getName(), Pair.of(fragmentDefinition.getTypeCondition().getName(), f.getSelections())));
}
return fragments;
}
/**
* <pre>
* ****************************************************************************************************************
* ****************************************************************************************************************
* If the node has an argument called 'first' and has children, we return that integer multiplied by the default multiplier
* default multiplier = 10
* {
* players(first:5){
* playerId
* }
* } == returns 5 * 10 = 50
* ****************************************************************************************************************
* ****************************************************************************************************************
* If the node has an argument called 'first' and annotated by @GlitrQueryComplexity, at the same time - we ignore the 'first' argument and return specified complexity value
*
* {@literal @}GlitrQueryComplexity("70")
* private List players;
*
* {
* players(first:5){
* playerId
* }
* } == returns 70
* *****************************************************************************************************************
* *****************************************************************************************************************
*
* *****************************************************************************************************************
* *****************************************************************************************************************
* If the node doesn't have an argument but has children, we return the default multiplier
* {
* players{
* playerId
* }
* } == returns 10, which is the default multiplier above.
* *****************************************************************************************************************
* *****************************************************************************************************************
*
* *****************************************************************************************************************
* *****************************************************************************************************************
* If the node is a leaf node, we return 0. Exception is if the leaf node is marked with {@link com.nfl.glitr.annotation.GlitrQueryComplexity @GlitrQueryComplexity}.
* {
* playerName
* }
* *****************************************************************************************************************
* *****************************************************************************************************************
* </pre>
*
* @param node The field node we would like to test against
* @param context mutable current branch context
* @param queryVariables graphQL query variables
* @return the multiplier
*
**/
protected double extractMultiplierFromListField(QueryComplexityNode node, Map<String, Double> context, Map<String, Object> queryVariables) {
String multiplier = node.getFormula();
// If there is an argument
Optional<Integer> listLimit = getLimitArgIfPresent(node, queryVariables);
if (listLimit.isPresent() && StringUtils.isBlank(multiplier)) {
double collectionSize = listLimit.get();
return collectionSize * defaultMultiplier;
}
// If it has children with no argument
if (!isLeaf(node) || StringUtils.isNotBlank(multiplier)) {
return calculateMultiplier(multiplier, context);
}
// If its a leaf
return 0;
}
private Double calculateMultiplier(String formula, Map<String, Double> context) {
if (StringUtils.isBlank(formula)) {
return defaultMultiplier;
}
Matcher matcher = FORMULA_VARIABLE_PATTERN.matcher(formula);
Map<String,Double> variablesMapping = new HashMap<>();
for (int i = 0; matcher.find(); i++) {
String var = matcher.group();
try {
String nextVarAlias = ALPHABET[i];
Double varValue = evaluateContextVariableValue(var, context);
variablesMapping.put(nextVarAlias, varValue);
formula = formula.replace(var, nextVarAlias);
} catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
logger.error("The amount of variables in formula ({}) has been exceeded.", formula);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("Cannot evaluate ({}) variable of formula ({}).", var, formula);
}
}
double evaluate = 0;
try {
Expression expr = new ExpressionBuilder(formula)
.variables(variablesMapping.keySet())
.build()
.setVariables(variablesMapping);
evaluate = expr.evaluate();
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("cannot evaluate query complexity formula ({}).", formula);
}
return evaluate;
}
private Double evaluateContextVariableValue(String var, Map<String, Double> context) {
if (StringUtils.isBlank(var)) {
return 0d;
}
var = StringUtils.substringBetween(var, FORMULA_VARIABLE_OPEN_TAG, FORMULA_VARIABLE_CLOSS_TAG);
Double val = context.get(var);
if (val == null) {
logger.error("Doesn't support complexity formula variable ({})", var);
return 0d;
}
return val;
}
/**
* @param node - Node to test against
* @return true --> if the node doesn't have children
* false --> if the node has children.
*/
private boolean isLeaf(Node node) {
return node.getChildren().isEmpty();
}
/**
* @param node - Node to test against
* @return true --> if the node doesn't have children
* false --> if the node has children.
*/
private boolean isLeaf(QueryComplexityNode node) {
return node.getChildren().isEmpty();
}
public boolean isMutation(String query){
return query.trim().startsWith(MUTATION_DEFINITION);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private <T> Optional<T> getFirstByType(Collection collection, Class<T> type) {
for (Object o : collection) {
if (type.isAssignableFrom(o.getClass())) {
return Optional.of((T) o);
}
}
return Optional.empty();
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
private <T> List<T> getByType(Collection collection, Class<T> type) {
List<T> res = new ArrayList<>();
for (Object o : collection) {
if (type.isAssignableFrom(o.getClass())) {
res.add((T) o);
}
}
return res;
}
private Field getFirstFieldNode(OperationDefinition rootNode) {
return (Field) Optional.ofNullable(rootNode)
.map(OperationDefinition::getChildren)
.filter(CollectionUtils::isNotEmpty)
.flatMap(nodes -> nodes.stream().filter(node -> node instanceof SelectionSet).findFirst())
.map(Node::getChildren)
.filter(CollectionUtils::isNotEmpty)
.flatMap(nodes -> nodes.stream().filter(node -> node instanceof Field).findFirst())
.orElse(null);
}
private boolean ignoreFieldOrDefault(GraphQLFieldDefinition field, boolean defaultValue) {
Boolean ignore = getGraphQLMeta(field, COMPLEXITY_IGNORE_KEY);
return Optional.ofNullable(ignore).orElse(defaultValue);
}
/**
* @param mutationNode - graphql mutation node
* @return the query that is returned by the mutation response body
*/
private String extractReturnQueryFromMutation(Node mutationNode){
SelectionSet selectionSet = getFirstByType(mutationNode.getChildren(), SelectionSet.class)
.orElseThrow(() -> new GlitrException("Cannot find 'SelectionSet' node in " + AstPrinter.printAst(mutationNode)));
Field field = getFirstByType(selectionSet.getChildren(), Field.class)
.orElseThrow(() -> new GlitrException("Cannot find 'Field' node in " + AstPrinter.printAst(selectionSet)));
SelectionSet mutationSelectQuery = getFirstByType(field.getChildren(), SelectionSet.class)
.orElseThrow(() -> new GlitrException("Cannot find 'Field' node in" + AstPrinter.printAst(field)));
return AstPrinter.printAst(mutationSelectQuery);
}
public int getMaxCharacterLimit() {
return maxCharacterLimit;
}
public int getMaxDepthLimit() {
return maxDepthLimit;
}
public int getMaxScoreLimit() {
return maxScoreLimit;
}
public Double getDefaultMultiplier() {
return defaultMultiplier;
}
} | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
} |
Deserters is a Canadian drama film, released in 1983. Written and directed by Jack Darcus, the film stars Alan Scarfe as Ulysses Hawley, a United States Army officer who is in Canada undercover to arrest Vietnam War draft dodgers. The film's cast also includes Barbara March, Jon Bryden and Dermot Hennelly.
The film garnered six Genie Award nominations at the 5th Genie Awards in 1984, for Best Actor (Scarfe), Best Actress (March), Best Director (Darcus), Best Screenplay (Darcus), Best Editing (Darcus, Bill Roxborough, Doris Dyck and Ingrid Rosen) and Best Original Score (Michael Conway Baker).
References
External links
1983 films
Canadian drama films
English-language Canadian films
Films directed by Jack Darcus
Draft evasion
1980s English-language films
1980s Canadian films | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaWikipedia"
} |
Low by David Bowie
Buy Low
Low was a 1977 breakthrough album by David Bowie, which contained avant-garde tracks rich with experimental synthesizers and unique compositional approaches. The album was co-produced by Bowie and Tony Visconti and is considered the first of Bowie's "Berlin Trilogy" along with Heroes later in 1977 and Lodger in 1979. All three of these albums were collaborations with composer Brian Eno. Much of the album's second side grew from music Bowie had developed for a soundtrack in 1975 but was rejected by the film's director. The later-written first side contains a balance of art-rock experimentalism and rock n' roll tradition, in a mix of instrumentals and uniquely arranged pop/rock fragments of songs.
The songwriting on Low tended to deal with difficult issues. Bowie was attempting to kick a cocaine habit which was an agonizing experieince for him. The title was partly a reference to Bowie's "low" moods during the album's writing and recording. Also influencing the album's darker themes was the hopelessness of people beyond the Iron Curtain, as symbolized by the Berlin Wall. Bowie had moved to Berlin when he decided to get clean from drugs, bringing him within close geographic contact to the European population without freedom or opportunity in East Germany and other Soviet bloc nations.
Bowie was a rock pioneer during the early days of rock's glam era. In the mid seventies he tried to find his place with different styles, including a bit of avant-garde with 1976's Station to Station. With Low put Bowie back at rock's cutting edge by exploring the new frontier of analog synthesizers and electronic effects. The result would be one of the most critically acclaimed albums of Bowie's long career.
Released: January 14, 1977 (RCA)
Produced by: David Bowie & Tony Visconti
Recorded: Château d'Hérouville, France, and Hansa Studio by the Wall, West Berlin, 1976
Speed of Life
Always Crashing In the Same Car
Be My Wife
A New Career In a New Town Warszawa
Art Decade
Weeping Wall
David Bowie – Lead Vocals, Guitars, Keyboards, Saxophone, Harmonica
Brian Eno – Piano, Keyboards, Percussion, Vocals
Carlos Alomar – Guitar
George Murray – Bass
Dennis Davis – Drums
Although Low was Bowie's eleventh studio album, none of the previous ten had included a pure instrumental. That streak is broken with the album's opener, "Speed of Life." Even though the pattern is rather simple and repetitive, the ambiance of sound lets the listener know from the jump that this is no ordinary rock n' roll album by making immediate implications about the content of the album and its heavy use of synthesizers as both effects and instruments. "Breaking Glass" follows clocking in at under two minutes, which is really a shame because this fragment is very entertaining and could be tolerated for another minute or two. The funk-influenced track features great bass by Rick Murray.
"What in the World" employs a very 1980s sound well before that decade commenced, with a cool "digital blipping" effect and and other heavy use of synthesizer by Eno. The song also features Iggy Pop on backing vocals. "Sound and Vision" is a funky jazz piece with long intro and small doses of vocals doled out before the actual verses begin about 2/3 through the song. This song was the one singled out by RCA when they warned that the release of Low was tantamount to commercial and artistic suicide, citing the extremely long instrumental intro of "Sound and Vision." Ironically, "Sound and Vision" became Bowie's biggest U.K. hit in several years and was adapted by the BBC as background music for its program announcements.
"Always Crashing in the Same Car" may be the song that best personifies this album, with sparse (albeit profound) lyrics and vocals and direct and interesting instrumentals, especially the outtro guitar lead by Carlos Alomar. The lyrics express the frustration of making the same mistake over again and are backed up by more inventive synths and interesting, metallic-tinged guitars by Ricky Gardiner.
"Be My Wife" is almost like two alternating songs in one – the Beatle-esque "sometimes it gets so lonely" part, and the more traditional Bowie style of the "Be My Wife" section. The overall electronic feel is toned down a bit for a heavier, guitar-driven rock arrangement decorated by sharp "ragtime" piano notes. The first side ends with another instrumental called "A New Career in a New Town", which breaks from a decidedly new-age intro into an interesting fusion of New Wave and Blues. The song features a harmonica solo by Bowie, giving it a whole new dimension.
As odd as the seven-song first side is, it pales in comparison to the quartet of dramatic pieces which make up side two. "Warszawa" is a collaboration between Bowie and Eno, which sounds like something off Pink Floyd's Atom Heart Mother or Obscured By Clouds. It contains long, trance-like chord progressions and vocal motifs of nonsensical lyrics, revealing its original intent to be part of a film score. Visconti's four-year-old son actually played a part in developing this piece by playing A, B, C in a constant loop at the studio piano while Eno worked out the synth parts. "Warszawa" was titled for the Polish city which Bowie visited during 1976 and its bleak mood was inspired by the the feeling he got from the city itself. "Art Decade" is a pun on 'art decayed' and reflects Bowie's concern over his own artistic inspiration. The core melody is performed on heavily produced keyboards and was influenced by the German band Kraftwerk.
"Weeping Wall" refers to the Berlin Wall, with the melody being an adaptation of the traditional song "Scarborough Fair". On this track, Bowie played all instruments including several percussion and synthesizers. The album concludes with "Subterraneans", which Bowie says was also influenced by the misery in East Berlin. Unfortunately, this piece is really an uninspired ending to an otherwise interesting album.
Although critical reaction to Low was tepid upon its release, it has come to be acclaimed for its originality and is universally considered ahead of its time for 1977.
Tags: 1977 Albums, 2012 Reviews, Album Reviews by Ric Albano, British Artists, David Bowie
Out of the Blue by E.L.O.
The Stranger by Billy Joel
People Who Rock: David Bowie | River of Rock January 24, 2016 at 2:57 pm
[…] Album review of Low […]
Charles Fox September 10, 2021 at 8:50 pm
Well, I got "Low" by David Bowie on a sort of whim, a random choice. Really, I knew nothing about the album, even though I knew of its existence for many years. Listening to it, I understood that this was very different to anything I had been used to hearing from him. His genius and creativity shines through the music at many points on the album and I understood very clearly without being verbally told, that the second portion of the album was soundtrack music. Bowie, as do many top-level artists, has an extremely high level of creativity and ability to communicate through his art and so, another amazing work by him.
By the way, the director who rejected the soundtrack music was a profound idiot, if only for the moment of the rejection. Referring again to the "profound idiot" point I just made, the specific person or persons at RCA who were hesitant in releasing this album, fit into the "profound idiot" category as having inadequate understanding of artistry and the public's ability to recognize this artistry. Possibly due to being too narrowly focused on the almighty dollar as opposed to the furthering of aesthetics in our society. Possibly because of their own inflated idea of personal importance and personal intelligence as to how they know so much about music and the public when really their knowledge is like Swiss cheese: full of holes. Another example similar to the record company exec that turned down "Bohemian Rhapsody" which then went on to become one of the greatest hits of all time.
Anyway, another feather in his cap, another gem in his crown for David Bowie. Bravo! | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
Use our on-line secure shopping cart for the most accurate ordering system. I guarantee you will get the fastest shipping results! Using our shopping cart will also ensure your credit and shipping information will be safe with us and we can refer to your history of the order and tracking and so can you. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Design Your Articles
Format Your Templates
Import Your Articles
Call-To-Action Units
Insights and Analytics
You can include links to related articles in the 'More from' footer section and in-line in an article.
All links to related articles must direct to your own publication. Third-party referrals are not allowed. Links may lead to other Instant Articles but don't have to. You can include sponsored content, which must be specified with the data-sponsored attribute.
Note: Horizontal swipe for more articles is separate from the Related Articles units discussed here. All articles in the horizontal swipe selection are chosen algorithmically. At this time publishers do not have control over the articles in that section.
You can control which links are included in the 'More from' section at the end of your articles. The information is defined with the op-related-articles class in the <footer> block.
Specify a maximum of four links. If you include fewer than four, Facebook will automatically populate the remaining links. Only articles from your own publication will be included.
The 'More from' module will appear as the final element in the footer, after credits, copyright or any other information.
To include links to related articles in-line, include a list of links with the op-related-articles class within the body of the <article> block.
You can include a maximum of four links in this list. Unlike in the footer, Facebook will not automatically populate the remaining links if you include fewer than four.
The list of links will appear in the article at the position where it was included in the markup. You can optionally specify a title, which will appear as a heading for the list.
Specifies whether this link leads to sponsored content.
Include a data-sponsored attribute on the <li> list item element and set the value to true if the link leads to sponsored content. Omit the attribute or set the value to false if it does not.
Title (in-line only)
Specify the title of the in-line list.
Include a title attribute on the <ul> list element if you want to add a heading to the in-line list of articles. If you do not include a title, the list will be rendered with no heading.
Specify all links
To specify all of the links in the 'More from' section, include a list with the class op-related-articles in the <footer> section with a <li> element for each link.
If the link leads to sponsored content, set the data-sponsored attribute of the <li> element to true:
<ul class="op-related-articles">
<li><a href="http://example.com/article.html"></a></li>
<li data-sponsored="true"><a href="http://example.com/sponsored-article.html"></a></li>
<li><a href="http://example.com/another-article.html"></a></li>
Specify some links
To have Facebook automatically fill any remaining slots with links to your other articles, specify fewer than four links. If you leave out the list, Facebook will select all four articles.
To include a list of related articles in-line in your article, place a list of links within the article body, optionally specifying the title of the list.
<p>A paragraph of body text.</p>
<ul class="op-related-articles" title="Title of Related Articles List">
<p>Another paragraph of body text.</p> | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
Search For "indira hridayesh"
Sonia Gandhi to decide new Congress Legislature Party leader for U
New Delhi [India], June 29 (ANI): A meeting of the Uttarakhand Congress Legislative party was held in New Delhi on Monday to decide the new Congress Legislative Party (CLP) leader for Uttarakhand.
Sonia Gandhi, Rahul condole demise of Cong leader Indira Hridayesh
New Delhi [India], June 14 (ANI): Congress interim president Sonia Gandhi and party leader Rahul Gandhi on Sunday condoled the demise of party leader Indira Hridayesh.
PM Modi condoles demise of Cong leader Indira Hridayesh
New Delhi [India], June 13 (ANI): Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Sunday condoled the demise of Congress leader Indira Hridayesh.
Cong Uttarakhand leader Indira Hridayesh passes away in Delhi
New Delhi [India], June 13 (ANI): Congress leader and Leader of the Opposition (LoP) in Uttarakhand Assembly, Indira Hridayesh passed away at Uttarakhand Sadan in Delhi on Sunday.
U'khand: Congress leader Indira Hridayesh faints at rally, admitte
Updated : 10 months, 1 week ago IST
Dehradun (Uttarakhand) [India], March 14 (ANI): Leader of Opposition in the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly and Congress leader Indira Hridayesh has been admitted to Devprayag hospital in Uttarakhand's Tehri Garhwal district.
Uttarakhand BJP chief apologises to LoP Hridayesh over 'derogatory
Updated : 1 year ago IST
Dehradun (Uttarakhand) [India], January 7 (ANI): A day after the Congress party demanded an apology from Uttarakhand Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) chief Bansidhar Bhagat for his "derogatory remarks" against the Leader of Opposition (LoP) Indira Hridayesh, Bhagat on Wednesday taken his word
Cong demands apology over U'khand BJP chief's derogatory remarks a
Dehradun (Uttarakhand) [India], January 6 (ANI): Responding to Leader of Opposition (LoP) in the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly Indira Hridayesh's remarks that some BJP MLAs are in touch with her, the state Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) chief Bansidhar Bhagat on Tuesday said that why wou
Uttarakhand leader of Opposition Indira Hridayesh tests COVID-19 p
Dehradun (Uttarakhand) [India], September 20 (ANI): Leader of Opposition in Uttarakhand Indira Hridayesh has tested positive for COVID-19.
Dissatisfaction in BJP's Uttarakhand unit, govt should get fresh m
Dehradun (Uttarakhand) [India], September 2 (ANI): There is dissatisfaction in the camps of the BJP's unit in Uttarakhand, and the ruling party should get a fresh mandate from the people, according to the leader of opposition Indira Hridayesh.
COVID-19: Cong stages protest against 'disastrous' health system i
Haldwani (Uttarakhand) [India], Aug 27 (ANI): To protest against the "disastrous" health system during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in Uttarakhand, Indira Hridayesh, Leader of Opposition, staged a sit-in and a one-day fasting session on Wednesday in Haldwani's Buddha Park here.
U'khand govt failed in disaster management in Munsiyari, Pithoraga
Dehradun (Uttarakhand) [India], Aug 14 (ANI): Leader of Opposition (LoP) Dr Indira Hridayesh on Friday hit out at Chief Minister Trivendra Singh Rawat-led government in Uttarakhand, stating that it has failed to deal with natural disasters in areas like Munsiyari, Pithoragarh and Dharchula a
Uttarakhand govt 'suppressing' voices of protest on people's issue
Dehradun (Uttarakhand) [India], June 27 (ANI): Leader of Opposition (LOP) in Uttarakhand Assembly, Indira Hridayesh, on Friday said that the state government is "employing" intimidatory tactics to "suppress" the voices of protest on people's issues. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
Download link — 64-bit Windows console application. The program requires processor with AVX support (Sandy Bridge CPU or newer/compatible). Legacy version — 32-bit Windows console application for CPU with SSE2 only.
The program implements warping algorithm from the paper Deblurred images post-processing by Poisson warping.
If you need only denoising without deblurring, please use a 1x1 image with single white pixel.
Optimal power for grid warping is 1.0. Using greater power value may result in artifacts due to discontinuous warping.
Parameter sigma corresponds the to radius of Gaussian blur that approximates actual blur for the given image. Typical value for real blurry images is 2.0. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
With all our professional staff on hand to answer all your questions and tours of our facilities, this is a great opportunity to find out as much as you can about our courses.
What do our open events include?
We are here to help you achieve your career goals. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
NBA Coaching Rumors: Patrick Ewing, Steve Clifford Candidates for Charlotte Bobcats Job, According to Report
By Evan Dunlap May 1, 2012, 2:40am EDT
Share All sharing options for: NBA Coaching Rumors: Patrick Ewing, Steve Clifford Candidates for Charlotte Bobcats Job, According to Report
Mandatory Credit: Russ Isabella-US PRESSWIRE
Orlando Magic assistant coaches Patrick Ewing and Steve Clifford are among the candidates the Charlotte Bobcats are expected to interview for their head-coaching vacancy, reports Sam Amick of Sports Illustrated, which vacancy they created Monday after dismissing Paul Silas. Bobcats owner Michael Jordan nearly hired Ewing, a close personal friend of his, for the job before offering it to Silas instead, Amick says.
Further, according to the SI scribe, Ewing and Clifford could join the Bobcats as "a package deal of sorts" if one of them earns Charlotte's head-coaching position.
Ewing has never coached at any level, though he's served as an assistant on Stan Van Gundy's staff in Orlando since the 2007/08 season. He held assistant-coaching jobs with the Washington Wizards (2003-2004) and the Houston Rockets (2004-2006) as well.
Clifford joined Van Gundy's staff along with Ewing. His coaching career includes stops at St. Anslem's College, Fairfield University, Boston University, Siena College, Adelphi University, and East Carolina University.
As Adrian Wojnarowski of Yahoo! Sports notes, Jordan will have a difficult time convincing top-tier coaching candidates to take the job. "From roster to salary to ownership," Wojnarowski writes, "Charlotte will be offering one of the least appealing coaching jobs in modern NBA history."
Jordan made the totally expected decision to dismiss Silas on Monday after a season in which his club set the NBA record for worst win percentage of all time. Silas even stepped aside for some games to allow his son, Steven, to coach. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
//++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
// This file is a part of the 'esoco-business' project.
// Copyright 2018 Elmar Sonnenschein, esoco GmbH, Flensburg, Germany
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
//++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
package de.esoco.process;
import de.esoco.entity.Entity;
import de.esoco.history.HistoryManager;
import de.esoco.history.HistoryRecord;
import de.esoco.lib.property.MutableProperties;
import de.esoco.process.param.ParameterBase;
import de.esoco.process.step.InteractionFragment;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import org.obrel.core.RelationType;
import org.obrel.core.RelationTypeModifier;
import org.obrel.core.RelationTypes;
import org.obrel.type.MetaTypes;
import org.obrel.type.StandardTypes;
import static de.esoco.history.HistoryManager.HISTORIZED;
import static de.esoco.lib.property.StateProperties.PROPERTIES_CHANGED;
import static de.esoco.lib.property.StateProperties.STRUCTURE_CHANGED;
import static de.esoco.lib.property.StateProperties.VALUE_CHANGED;
import static de.esoco.process.ProcessRelationTypes.AUTO_UPDATE;
import static de.esoco.process.ProcessRelationTypes.CONTINUATION_PARAM;
import static de.esoco.process.ProcessRelationTypes.CONTINUATION_PARAMS;
import static de.esoco.process.ProcessRelationTypes.HISTORY_END;
import static de.esoco.process.ProcessRelationTypes.HISTORY_START;
import static de.esoco.process.ProcessRelationTypes.HISTORY_TARGET_PARAM;
import static de.esoco.process.ProcessRelationTypes.INTERACTION_PARAMS;
import static de.esoco.process.ProcessRelationTypes.INTERACTION_EVENT_PARAM;
import static de.esoco.process.ProcessRelationTypes.STOP_PROCESS_EXECUTION;
import static de.esoco.process.ProcessRelationTypes.TRANSACTION_END;
import static de.esoco.process.ProcessRelationTypes.TRANSACTION_START;
import static org.obrel.core.RelationTypes.newType;
import static org.obrel.type.MetaTypes.TRANSACTIONAL;
import static org.obrel.type.StandardTypes.NAME;
/********************************************************************
* Base class for all kinds of process steps. This class is serializable and
* uses the default serialized form. Subclasses must declare a serialVersionUID
* field and implement correct serialization of any fields that they define. In
* general it is recommended that subclasses don't define fields but use
* relations instead. The types of all relations that shall not be serialized
* must have the flag {@link RelationTypeModifier#TRANSIENT} set. Further
* information about the serialization of processes can be found in the
* documentation of class {@link Process}.
*
* <p>A process step can be set to be wrapped inside a history group or a
* transaction by setting one of the flags {@link HistoryManager#HISTORIZED} or
* {@link MetaTypes#TRANSACTIONAL}, respectively. The {@link #execute()} method
* will then be invoked after a transaction and a history group have been
* started. History always includes a transaction to combine the writing of the
* history and persistent changes by the step.</p>
*
* @author eso
*/
public abstract class ProcessStep extends ProcessFragment
{
//~ Static fields/initializers ---------------------------------------------
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/** The next step's name */
public static final RelationType<String> NEXT_STEP = newType();
static
{
RelationTypes.init(ProcessStep.class);
}
//~ Instance fields --------------------------------------------------------
/** Will be restored by the parent process on deserialization */
private transient Process rProcess;
private boolean bMarkingAsModified;
private Set<RelationType<?>> aNewInteractionParams = null;
// collects modifications of parameters in the full fragment hierarchy
private Set<RelationType<?>> aModifiedParams = new HashSet<>();
//~ Constructors -----------------------------------------------------------
/***************************************
* Default constructor, which must be provided by any subclass.
*/
public ProcessStep()
{
}
//~ Methods ----------------------------------------------------------------
/***************************************
* Overridden to mark structure changes for legacy process interactions.
*
* @see ProcessFragment#addDisplayParameters(Collection)
*/
@Override
public void addDisplayParameters(
Collection<? extends RelationType<?>> rParams)
{
super.addDisplayParameters(rParams);
prepareNewInteractionParameters(rParams);
}
/***************************************
* Overridden to mark structure changes for legacy process interactions.
*
* @see ProcessFragment#addSubFragment(RelationType, InteractionFragment)
*/
@Override
public void addSubFragment(
RelationType<List<RelationType<?>>> rFragmentParam,
InteractionFragment rSubFragment)
{
super.addSubFragment(rFragmentParam, rSubFragment);
// necessary for legacy process step based interactions that do not
// use InteractionFragment
setUIFlag(STRUCTURE_CHANGED, get(INTERACTION_PARAMS));
}
/***************************************
* Returns the step's name.
*
* @return The step's name
*/
public final String getName()
{
return get(NAME);
}
/***************************************
* @see ProcessFragment#getProcess()
*/
@Override
public final Process getProcess()
{
return rProcess;
}
/***************************************
* Implemented to return this instance.
*
* @see ProcessFragment#getProcessStep()
*/
@Override
public ProcessStep getProcessStep()
{
return this;
}
/***************************************
* Checks whether a parameter has been modified by the process during the
* last interaction cycle.
*
* @param rParam The parameter to check
*
* @return TRUE if the parameter has been modified
*/
public boolean isParameterModified(RelationType<?> rParam)
{
return aModifiedParams.contains(rParam) ||
hasUIFlag(PROPERTIES_CHANGED, rParam);
}
/***************************************
* Removes the modification markers for a certain process parameter.
*
* @param rParam The process parameter
*/
public void removeParameterModification(ParameterBase<?, ?> rParam)
{
removeParameterModification(rParam.type());
}
/***************************************
* Removes the modification markers for a certain parameter relation type.
*
* @param rParamType The parameter relation type
*/
public void removeParameterModification(RelationType<?> rParamType)
{
MutableProperties rUiProperties = getUIProperties(rParamType);
if (rUiProperties != null)
{
rUiProperties.removeProperty(VALUE_CHANGED);
rUiProperties.removeProperty(PROPERTIES_CHANGED);
rUiProperties.removeProperty(STRUCTURE_CHANGED);
}
aModifiedParams.remove(rParamType);
}
/***************************************
* Resets all parameter modification markers for this step.
*/
public void resetParameterModifications()
{
// iterate over a copy because aModifiedParams is modified
for (RelationType<?> rParamType : new ArrayList<>(aModifiedParams))
{
removeParameterModification(rParamType);
}
}
/***************************************
* @see Object#toString()
*/
@Override
public String toString()
{
String sResult = getClass().getSimpleName();
String sName = getName();
if (!sResult.equals(sName))
{
sResult += "[" + sName + "]";
}
return sResult;
}
/***************************************
* Executes the process step. This method must be implemented by subclasses
* to provide the functionality of the process step. in case of errors The
* implementation may throw any kind of exception. The Process class will
* catch any Throwable that is thrown from this method.
*
* @throws Exception Any kind of exception may be thrown if executing the
* step fails
*/
protected abstract void execute() throws Exception;
/***************************************
* This method will be invoked on the currently suspended step if the parent
* process is rolled back. Most step implementations won't need to override
* this method. It is intended only for special steps that perform complex
* tasks like the execution of sub-processes. The default implementation
* does nothing.
*
* @throws Exception Any kind of exception can be thrown
*/
protected void abort() throws Exception
{
}
/***************************************
* This method is similar to the {@link #rollback()} method, but it is
* invoked if the enclosing interactive process is canceled completely.
* Therefore it is not necessary to restore the process parameters in this
* method. It only needs to be implemented if the process step needs to undo
* a modification that has been performed on execution and which must not be
* persistent if the process is canceled. This is an infrequent case because
* in most cases this will be implemented differently, e.g. by making
* persistent changes in the final, non-interactive steps of the process.
*
* <p>The default implementation does nothing.</p>
*
* @throws Exception Any kind of exception may be thrown if canceling fails
*/
protected void cancel() throws Exception
{
}
/***************************************
* This method must be overridden by subclasses that support a rollback of
* their processing. If it returns TRUE the step must also implement the
* method {@link #rollback()} with the rollback functionality.
*
* <p>This default implementation always returns FALSE.</p>
*
* @return TRUE if the step implementation support a rollback
*/
protected boolean canRollback()
{
return false;
}
/***************************************
* check whether the execution of this process should be stopped.
*
* @return TRUE if the process should be stopped, FALSE otherwise.
*/
protected boolean checkStopProcessExecution()
{
return hasFlagParameter(STOP_PROCESS_EXECUTION);
}
/***************************************
* This method will always be invoked at the end of a process (whether
* successful or not) for all executed steps. Process steps that allocate
* resources should override this method to free such resources if that
* hasn't already be done in a regular way. Multiple invocations of this
* method can occur and should be handled correctly by implementations. The
* default implementation does nothing.
*/
protected void cleanup()
{
}
/***************************************
* Returns the name of the next process step that shall be executed after
* this one.
*
* @return The name of the next process step
*/
protected String getNextStep()
{
String sNextStep;
if (isContinuedInteraction())
{
// re-execute this step again after an interactive input event
sNextStep = getName();
}
else
{
sNextStep = get(NEXT_STEP);
}
return sNextStep;
}
/***************************************
* Internal method to invoke the {@link #execute()} method. Should only be
* invoked by framework classes.
*
* @throws Exception Any exception may be thrown by subclasses
*/
protected void internalExecute() throws Exception
{
execute();
}
/***************************************
* Checks whether this step must be interrupted to perform an interaction to
* query additional data. The default implementation returns TRUE if the
* flag {@link MetaTypes#INTERACTIVE} is set to TRUE and at least one
* interaction parameter is present.
*
* @return TRUE if an interaction is needed
*
* @throws Exception Any exception may be thrown by subclasses
*/
protected boolean needsInteraction() throws Exception
{
return hasFlag(MetaTypes.INTERACTIVE) &&
get(INTERACTION_PARAMS).size() > 0;
}
/***************************************
* This method can be overridden by (interactive) subclasses if an
* interaction continuation occurs. That is the case if the parameter that
* caused the interaction is an element of the continuation parameter list
* that is stored in {@link ProcessRelationTypes#CONTINUATION_PARAMS}. The
* framework stores the corresponding parameter into {@link
* ProcessRelationTypes#CONTINUATION_PARAM} before this method will be
* invoked.
*
* <p>The default implementation does nothing.</p>
*
* @throws Exception Any exception may be thrown
*/
protected void prepareContinuation() throws Exception
{
}
/***************************************
* Prepares the execution of this step in succession of the previous step by
* invoking {@link #prepareParameters()} and {@link #prepareValues()}. This
* method should only be overridden by framework classes.
*
* @throws Exception Any exception may be thrown
*/
protected void prepareExecution() throws Exception
{
prepareParameters();
prepareValues();
}
/***************************************
* Prepares a re-execution of this step during an interaction by invoking
* the method {@link #prepareValues()} and resets the interaction parameter.
* This method should only be overridden by framework classes.
*
* @throws Exception Any exception may be thrown
*/
protected void prepareInteraction() throws Exception
{
prepareValues();
setParameter(INTERACTION_EVENT_PARAM, null);
}
/***************************************
* Prepares new interaction parameters for rendering.
*
* @param rParams
*/
protected void prepareNewInteractionParameters(
Collection<? extends RelationType<?>> rParams)
{
if (rProcess != null)
{
for (RelationType<?> rParam : rParams)
{
// do not use paramModified() to prevent setting of the (empty)
// parameter because the VALUE_CHANGED property is set; this
// can cause problems with some legacy processes
markParameterAsModified(rParam);
if (rParam.getTargetType() == List.class &&
rParam.get(MetaTypes.ELEMENT_DATATYPE) ==
RelationType.class)
{
// necessary for legacy process step based interactions that do not
// use InteractionFragment
setUIFlag(STRUCTURE_CHANGED, rParam);
}
}
}
else
{
if (aNewInteractionParams == null)
{
aNewInteractionParams = new HashSet<>(rParams);
}
aNewInteractionParams.addAll(rParams);
}
}
/***************************************
* This method can be overridden to prepare this step's parameters for
* execution. The main use of this method is for steps that are interactive
* to prepare the interaction parameters. This method will not be invoked if
* this step is re-executed because of the modification of an interactive
* input parameter. In that case only {@link #prepareValues()} will be
* invoked.
*
* @throws Exception Any exception may be thrown if the preparation fails
*/
protected void prepareParameters() throws Exception
{
}
/***************************************
* This method can be overridden to prepare a step's parameter values after
* their initialization in the method {@link #prepareParameters()} or to
* update the values after an interaction occurred.
*
* @throws Exception Any exception may be thrown if the preparation fails
*/
protected void prepareValues() throws Exception
{
}
/***************************************
* Will be invoked by a process on a rollback to reset parameter
* initializations performed by interactive steps. This method will be
* invoked on the currently suspended step as well as on any step on which
* the {@link ProcessStep#rollback()} method is invoked.
*
* @throws Exception Any exception may be thrown if the reset fails
*/
protected void resetParameters() throws Exception
{
}
/***************************************
* This method can be overridden to resume this step after the process had
* been suspended. It will be invoked before the {@link #execute()} method
* is called when the process had been suspended by this step after a
* previous call to the {@link #prepareParameters()} method. A possible
* application would be to collect the user input from the parameters for an
* interactive step.
*
* <p>If the method is invoked after an interactive input occurred the
* interaction parameter will still be set. It will be reset automatically
* before the process continues the execution.</p>
*
* @return TRUE if the process can continue with the execution of this step,
* FALSE if this step requires another interaction first
*
* @throws Exception Any exception may be thrown if resuming the step fails
*/
protected boolean resume() throws Exception
{
return true;
}
/***************************************
* Must be implemented by a subclass if it can perform a rollback of a
* previous execution. It is guaranteed by the framework that this method
* will only be invoked after the step has been executed already. It is
* intended mainly for interactive processes that stop execution at certain
* (interactive) steps and can be rolled back to previous such steps. A step
* implementation that supports rollback must return TRUE from it's
* overridden {@link #canRollback()} method.
*
* <p>A successful rollback must leave this step in a state that allows it
* and the following steps in the enclosing process to be executed again. On
* re-execution, the method {@link #prepareParameters()} will be invoked
* again too before execution. Basically, after a rollback the parameters of
* the enclosing process should be in the same state as they had been before
* the execution of this step.</p>
*
* <p>This default implementation always throws a {@link ProcessException}
* stating that a rollback is not supported.</p>
*
* @throws Exception Any exception may be thrown if the rollback fails
*/
protected void rollback() throws Exception
{
throw new ProcessException(this,
String.format("Rollback not supported by process step %s [%s]",
getName(),
getClass().getSimpleName()));
}
/***************************************
* Sets the name of the next process step that shall be executed after this
* one.
*
* @param sNextStepName The name of the next process step
*/
protected void setNextStep(String sNextStepName)
{
set(NEXT_STEP, sNextStepName);
}
/***************************************
* This method must be overridden by subclasses that require initialization.
* It will be invoked automatically after a step instance has been created
* and added to it's process. Overriding classes should invoke the super
* method.
*
* @throws ProcessException Can be thrown by subclasses if the
* initialization fails
*/
protected void setup() throws ProcessException
{
}
/***************************************
* Throws a runtime exception that signals a missing process parameter.
*
* @param rParamType The relation type of the missing parameter
*/
@Override
protected <T> void throwMissingParameterException(
RelationType<T> rParamType)
{
throw new IllegalStateException(String.format("Parameter %s not set",
rParamType));
}
/***************************************
* Will be invoked to validate the step's parameters after an interaction
* has occurred. This method processes all validation functions that are
* stored in {@link ProcessRelationTypes#PARAM_VALIDATIONS} and throws an
* {@link InvalidParametersException} if at least one validation fails.
* Subclasses can override this method to implement their own validations
* but should in most cases also invoke the superclass method.
*
* <p>The validation will not occur if an interactive input parameter exists
* and the method {@link #continueOnInteraction(RelationType...)} returns
* FALSE because then this step will be prepared and executed again to
* continue with the current interaction. Validation only occurs on the
* transition to the next step.</p>
*
* @throws InvalidParametersException If a preset parameter validation fails
* @throws Exception Any exception may be thrown if the
* validation fails
*/
protected void validate() throws Exception
{
handleParamValidation(true);
RelationType<?> rInteractionParam =
getParameter(INTERACTION_EVENT_PARAM);
if (!isContinuedInteraction() || isContinuationParam(rInteractionParam))
{
handleParamValidation(false);
}
}
/***************************************
* Invokes the validation functions that are stored in the process step
* relations {@link ProcessRelationTypes#INTERACTION_PARAM_VALIDATIONS} and
* {@link ProcessRelationTypes#PARAM_VALIDATIONS}. It can be overridden by
* subclasses to perform more complex parameter validations that cannot be
* described by a single validation function. It returns a mapping from
* invalid parameters to the corresponding error messages if at least one
* parameter validation fails. If no error occurs the returned map will be
* empty.
*
* <p>Subclasses should normally invoke the superclass method and add their
* own error message to the returned map if necessary. That allows the user
* interface of interactive steps to display all failures at once.</p>
*
* @param bOnInteraction TRUE if the validation occurs during an
* interaction and FALSE if it occurs when the
* process progresses to the next step
*
* @return The mapping from invalid parameters to the corresponding error
* messages
*/
protected Map<RelationType<?>, String> validateParameters(
boolean bOnInteraction)
{
return performParameterValidations(getParameterValidations(bOnInteraction));
}
/***************************************
* Package-internal method to be overridden by subclasses that allow
* multiple interactions in a single step which can be rolled back with this
* method. This is needed for steps that invoke sub-processes. This method
* should always be invoked before executing a rollback with the method
* {@link #rollbackToPreviousInteraction()}.
*
* <p>This default implementation always returns FALSE.</p>
*
* @return TRUE if this step support the rollback to a previous interaction
*/
boolean canRollbackToPreviousInteraction()
{
return false;
}
/***************************************
* Returns the interaction process step for this step. This default
* implementation always returns THIS but subclasses can return different
* step, e.g. when they execute sub-processes.
*
* @return The interaction step
*/
ProcessStep getInteractionStep()
{
return this;
}
/***************************************
* Checks whether this step is a interaction that has been initialized
* before.
*
* @return TRUE if this interaction performs a continued interaction
*/
final boolean isContinuedInteraction()
{
return getParameter(INTERACTION_EVENT_PARAM) != null ||
hasFlag(AUTO_UPDATE);
}
/***************************************
* Records a parameter modification that can later be queried with {@link
* #isParameterModified(RelationType)}. Modifications are changes to
* parameter values or properties.
*
* @param rParamType The relation type of the modified parameter
*/
void parameterModified(RelationType<?> rParamType)
{
if (!bMarkingAsModified)
{
bMarkingAsModified = true;
setUIFlag(VALUE_CHANGED, rParamType);
aModifiedParams.add(rParamType);
bMarkingAsModified = false;
}
}
/***************************************
* Performs this process step by invoking it's execute method. If either
* history or transactions handling are enabled for this step the execution
* will be wrapped inside a history group and/or a transaction.
*
* @return The name of the next process step to execute after this one
*
* @throws Exception If performing the process step fails
*/
final String perform() throws Exception
{
boolean bHistorized = hasFlag(HISTORIZED);
boolean bTransactional = hasFlag(TRANSACTIONAL);
boolean bBeginHistory = bHistorized || hasFlag(HISTORY_START);
boolean bCommitHistory = bHistorized || hasFlag(HISTORY_END);
boolean bBeginTransaction =
bBeginHistory || bTransactional || hasFlag(TRANSACTION_START);
boolean bCommitTransaction =
bCommitHistory || bTransactional || hasFlag(TRANSACTION_END);
setParameter(CONTINUATION_PARAM, null);
if (bBeginTransaction)
{
RelationType<? extends Entity> rTargetParam =
get(HISTORY_TARGET_PARAM);
String sValue = get(HistoryRecord.VALUE);
Entity rTarget =
rTargetParam != null ? getParameter(rTargetParam)
: get(HistoryRecord.TARGET);
if (sValue == null)
{
sValue = getProcess().get(StandardTypes.NAME) + "." + getName();
}
getProcess().beginTransaction(bBeginHistory, rTarget, sValue);
}
internalExecute();
RelationType<?> rInteractionParam =
getParameter(INTERACTION_EVENT_PARAM);
if (!isContinuedInteraction())
{
removeAllSubFragments();
executeCleanupActions();
}
else if (isContinuationParam(rInteractionParam))
{
setParameter(CONTINUATION_PARAM, rInteractionParam);
setParameter(INTERACTION_EVENT_PARAM, null);
prepareContinuation();
}
if (bCommitTransaction)
{
getProcess().commitTransaction(bCommitHistory);
}
return getNextStep();
}
/***************************************
* An internal method that prepares this step for execution If no
* interaction occurred it invokes {@link #prepareExecution()}.
*
* @return TRUE if the process can continue with the execution of this step,
* FALSE if this step requires an interaction first
*
* @throws Exception Any exception may be thrown if the preparation fails
*/
boolean prepareStep() throws Exception
{
if (isContinuedInteraction())
{
prepareInteraction();
}
else
{
// execute any remnant finish actions and clear action list
executeCleanupActions();
prepareExecution();
}
return !needsInteraction();
}
/***************************************
* Package-internal method to be overridden by subclasses that allow
* multiple interactions in a single step which can be rolled back with this
* method. This is needed for steps that invoke sub-processes. This method
* should only be invoked after querying the capability of a rollback with
* the method {@link #canRollbackToPreviousInteraction()}.
*
* <p>This default implementation does nothing.</p>
*
* @throws ProcessException If the rollback fails
*/
void rollbackToPreviousInteraction() throws ProcessException
{
}
/***************************************
* Sets the step's name. Will only be used internally for special purposes
*
* @param sName The new name of the step
*/
void setName(String sName)
{
set(NAME, sName);
}
/***************************************
* Package internal method to associate this step with a particular
* instance.
*
* @param rProcess The new parent process of this step
*/
void setProcess(Process rProcess)
{
this.rProcess = rProcess;
if (aNewInteractionParams != null)
{
prepareNewInteractionParameters(aNewInteractionParams);
aNewInteractionParams = null;
}
}
/***************************************
* Evaluates a list of parameter validation functions and throws an
* exception for all invalid parameters.
*
* @param bOnInteraction rParamValidations The mapping from parameters to
* validation functions
*
* @throws InvalidParametersException If one or more parameters are invalid
*/
private void handleParamValidation(boolean bOnInteraction)
throws InvalidParametersException
{
Map<RelationType<?>, String> rInvalidParams =
validateParameters(bOnInteraction);
if (rInvalidParams.size() > 0)
{
throw new InvalidParametersException(this, rInvalidParams);
}
}
/***************************************
* Checks whether an interaction on the given parameter should continue the
* process execution.
*
* @param rParam The parameter to check
*
* @return TRUE if the parameter will continue the process execution
*/
private boolean isContinuationParam(RelationType<?> rParam)
{
return hasRelation(CONTINUATION_PARAMS) &&
get(CONTINUATION_PARAMS).contains(rParam);
}
}
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
} |
Rowing Blazers is the brainchild of 30-year-old clothing designer Jack Carlson, an Oxford-trained archeologist whose rowing mates happen to include the Winklevoss twins.
The brand's namesake product—"old sport" sport coats that seem lifted right out of a 1930s boat club photo—sell for anywhere from $550 to $1,100. With bold colors and stripes, oversized crests and grosgrain trim, they are quite distinctive. The key, though, is that they are intended for and used by actual rowers, lending authenticity. This signature product is a kind of touchstone for Rowing Blazers as it collaborates with other retailers, including Japan's Beams and United Arrow.
Now that's a quote I can get behind. Alas, all 200 sold out in a flash when they went on sale at the end of March—at none other than J.Crew.
The collaboration generated serious buzz and gave some heft to J.Crew's Heritage collection. You don't often hear the need for authenticity mentioned in the context of fashion. If you ask me, though, brands like J.Crew, Ralph Lauren, Coach or Nike took off precisely because something about them spoke to consumers. Stray too far from that and you lose your luster. In a word, you seem less authentic. Nike, for example, spent years offering a multiplicity of SKUs that seemed far from the simplicity of "Just Do It." Now the brand has pared back and refocused. Suddenly, Nike seems like its old self.
Rowing Blazers is appealing because you can feel the sense of sincere inspiration behind it. These are lifelong rowers who are passionate about what they do.
Staying passionate and inspired is an important thing for any brand to remember. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
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NewGen Surgical attends, exhibits, sponsors and presents at healthcare, medical device and sustainability events. Connect with us at the following events. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Hakke Hasangeki - Eight Divination Signs Destructive Mountain Fist: Hakke Hasangeki is a Taijutsu technique utilized by Hyuuga Neji. Extending chakra from his body, Neji will thrust his palm into his target. This will send out a wave of chakra that will knock his opponent backwards into nearby rock to cause further damage. It is unknown if this wave can also collapse his target's tenketsu points.
Hakke Hyakunijuuhachishou - Eight Divination Signs, One-Hundred and Twenty-Eight Palms of the Hand: Hakke Hyakunijuuhachishou is a Taijutsu technique unique to the Hyuuga bloodline. Hakke Hyakunijuuhachishou is a variation of Hakke Rokujuuyonshou, a technique passed down through the main family line. When an opponent is within the clan members divination field of attack, they can quickly begin their assault. The technique allows the clan member to use the Byakugan eye to make nearly double the normal 126 strikes, striking 254 times against their individual foe or opponents. First the clan member will strike 2 times, then 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and finally 128 times.
Hakke Kuushou - Eight Divination Signs Air Palm: Hakke Kuushou is a ranged Taijutsu technique utilized by Hyuuga Neji. Extending chakra from his body, Neji will thrust his palm at his target. This will send out an invisible wave of chakra that can knock his opponent back. It is unknown if this wave can also collapse his target's tenketsu points.
Hakke Rokujuuyonshou - Eight Divination Signs, Sixty-Four Palms of the Hand: Hakke Rokujuuyonshou is a Taijutsu technique unique to the Hyuuga bloodline. Hakke Rokujuuyonshou is a special technique passed down through the main family line. When an opponent is within the clan members divination field of attack, they can quickly begin their assault. The technique allows the clan member to use the Byakugan eye to see the inner chakra coils system. Using the Jyuuken style, they can force their chakra through their hands into the tenketsu of the opponent's body through 126 strikes. First the clan member will strike 2 times, then 4, 8, 16, 32 and finally 64. This damage forceably closes 64 tenketsu, stopping the chakra flow of the opponent. This then limits their opponents ability to use jutsu.
Shugo Hakke Rokujuuyonshou - Guardian Eight Divination Signs, Sixty-Four Palms of the Hand: Shugo Hakke Rokujuuyonshou is a Taijutsu technique developed by Hyuuga Hinata. During the period after the Chuunin Exam, Hinata pushed herself harder than ever before. During this time she improved her chakra control and developed her own style within the Hyuuga bloodline abilities. She practiced the technique around water to hone it to perfection. Utilizing the Hakke Rokujuuyonshou style, Hinata uses her natural flexibility and her precise chakra control to create an absolute defense.
Doku Kiri - Poison Mist: Ninpou: Doku Kiri is a Ninjutsu technique utilized by Matsuri. This technique allows Matsuri to expel poision gas from her body. This can serve as cover to escape and as an offensive technique against her opponent.
So that means none of these guys are staying Academy Students, right? Cause I honestly don't want Academy Students.
Well, I don't know how having a tailed beast would work with a Higure.
You have to have at least one Genin, and if your are Higure you can't have a tailed beast.
The way he explained it to me sounded some what fair, he would have to explain to you.
Pm the stroy thing to me, then I will decide.
Make a Genin, and someone Pm me the story for how your Higure has a Tailed Beast. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
I need prayer so I can get a new home this year we are overcrowded and we need a bigger home, so pray in agreement that the Lord will provide me this urgent need. Thank you G-d Bless!
May the Lord provide you with a more comfortable home for you and your family, where He is the head of the household. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
Revenue, 1862, First Issue, 50¢ Passage Ticket, part perf (Scott R61b), light manuscript cancel, deep rich shade, Very Good to Fine, 2015 PF certificate. Scott $500. Estimate price $150 – 200.
o Revenue, 1862-71 First Issue, 50¢ Passage Ticket, imperf (R61a), large to oversized margins with bright color and a neat manuscript cancel; remarkably bright, fresh and Extremely Fine to Superb. Scott price $100 Expertization: 2004 & 2010 PF Certificates, the latter graded XF-S 95. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
FREE Pastor's Retreat is almost here!
In just a couple weeks, we will be hosting a completely free retreat for all pastors! That's right, this retreat is completely FREE! We will be providing all lodging, meals, activities, and sessions. The only thing you will have to take care of is getting up here! These short, midweek retreat will be a chance for any and all pastors to come and relax, connect with others in ministry during some roundtable discussions, and to grow personally and professionally.
This year we are excited to have Mike Drury come and speak during this retreat. Mike is the lead pastor from Pine Hills Church and has been serving at Pine Hills since 2006.
This Pastor's Retreat will be October 9 – 11, right about the time that the leaves begin changing color and the weather here in Southwest Michigan is perfect. If you are a pastor, or you know a pastor, that could use a relaxing getaway to recharge and spend time connecting with other pastors, this is the retreat for you! For more information you visit www.miraclecamp.com/pastorsretreat!
Last year we published new stories every couple weeks, highlighting what God has done at Miracle Camp and Retreat Center. We want to continue that this year and republish this stories in case you missed them.
So this week is Annette Walker's story. Be sure to share the stories and praise God for the work he has done. | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
} |
\section{Introduction}
During the last few years, particular interest has arisen for a certain
stage in the evolution of circumstellar disks surrounding T Tauri stars:
so-called transition disks, which are characterized by cleared-out or optically
thin inner disk regions and a truncated optically thick outer disk. They
are thought to be in a phase when the disk dissipates rapidly from inside out
\citep[e.g.,][]{strom89, skrutskie90}, on a timescale of $\sim$ 10$^5$ years.
A few disks in transition have been identified in the 1--2 Myr old Taurus star-forming
region \citep{forrest04, dalessio05, calvet05}; the different amount of material left
over in the inner and outer disks of these transition objects implies different formation
mechanisms or stages in disk evolution \citep{calvet05}.
Planet formation, which is thought to occur in circumstellar disks around T Tauri stars,
might play a role in the clearing of inner disks \citep{marsh92,calvet02,quillen04,
dalessio05}, but it is not well-known whether other mechanisms, such as photoevaporation,
can produce these transition disks \citep[e.g.,][]{alexander06}.
On the other hand, disks with inner gaps can also be found in stable, long-lived
configurations: a binary star system surrounded by a circumbinary disk might create an
inner gap due to resonant and tidal interactions \citep{artymowicz94}, thus generating
a spectral energy distribution (SED) typical of transition disks.
For example, the T Tauri star St 34, which is a spectroscopic binary, has an inner disk
depleted in dust, likely an effect of the gravitational perturbations of the binary on the
inner disk regions \citep{hartmann05}. Since this system is likely older than 10 Myr,
its disk configuration cannot be attributed to a short-lived transitional stage.
In the $\sim$ 25-member TW Hya association, which is 5--15 Myr old
\citep{stauffer95, webb99, weintraub00}, four objects are characterized by
significant infrared excesses: TW Hya, Hen 3-600, HD 98800, and HR 4796A
\citep[e.g.,][]{low05}. Except for HR 4796A, whose weaker IR excess clearly
places it into the debris disk category, these stars are surrounded by substantial,
probably protoplanetary, disks.
Both TW Hya and Hen 3-600 display close to no disk emission below 7 $\mu$m, an
indication of truncated inner disks \citep{uchida04}. In particular, TW Hya has been
suggested as the formation site of a protoplanet based on its inner disk gap
\citep{calvet02}. Hen 3-600 consists of a spectroscopic binary (the A component)
and a companion separated by 1{\farcs}4 \citep[e.g.,][]{webb99}; the disk
surrounds only Hen 3-600 A \citep{jayawardhana99a}, implying that the inner disk
gap might be a result of gravitational perturbations as in the case of St 34.
In this paper we introduce the mid-infrared spectrum from 5 to 36 $\mu$m of
HD 98800 (TV Crt) obtained with the Infrared Spectrograph\footnote{The IRS was a
collaborative venture between Cornell University and Ball Aerospace Corporation
funded by NASA through the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and the Ames Research
Center.} \citep[IRS;][]{houck04} on board the {\it Spitzer Space Telescope}
\citep{werner04}.
HD 98800 is a quadruple system consisting of a visual binary with a projected separation
of 0{\farcs}8 (which corresponds to 38 AU at the distance of 47 pc determined
by {\it Hipparcos}) whose components are spectroscopic binaries with separations
of about 1 AU \citep{boden05}. Mid-infrared imaging revealed that the strong
infrared excess of the system arises from component B only; in addition, it sets in
at about 7 $\mu$m, implying cleared-out inner disk regions
\citep{gehrz99,koerner00,prato01}.
Our mid-infrared spectrum confirms that the disk around HD 98800 is a transition
disk and allows us to determine the location of the circumstellar dust, as well as to
derive its mineralogical composition.
This paper is structured as follows: in \S\ 2 we present our observations and data
reduction; in \S\ 3 we construct the SED of HD 98800 B, and fit dust and disk models
to it; and in \S\ 4 we present a discussion of this transition disk and our conclusions.
\section{Observations and Data Reduction}
HD 98800 was observed during IRS campaigns 9 and 17 on 2004 June 25 and
on 2005 January 03, respectively.
The observations of campaign 17 repeated those of campaign 9, since
the observations of the earlier campaign were somewhat compromised by a bright
saturation event. However, the observations of campaign 17 were slightly
mispointed; since we were able to mitigate the effects of the saturation on the array
(apparent mostly in the form of additional rogue pixels), we used the IRS
spectrum of campaign 9 for our analysis.
To obtain the full mid-IR spectrum, we used the Short-Low (SL; 5.2--14 $\mu$m;
$\lambda$/$\Delta\lambda$=60--120),
Short-High (SH; 9.9--19.6 $\mu$m; $\lambda$/$\Delta\lambda$=600),
and Long-High (LH; 18.7--37.2 $\mu$m; $\lambda$/$\Delta\lambda$=600) modules.
For a clearer presentation of the IRS spectrum, we rebinned the SH and LH spectra
to a resolution of 300, and we truncated the SH spectrum below 14 $\mu$m.
The observations were carried out in mapping mode, where we mapped the
target in 3 steps separated by three-quarters (for SL) or half (for SH and LH)
of the slit width in the dispersion direction and 2 steps separated by a third of a
slit length in the spatial direction.
We extracted and calibrated our data with the SMART software tool \citep{higdon04}
after fixing bad pixels in the arrays using a simple interpolation over good, neighboring
pixels in the spectral direction. In SH and LH, we also fixed all so-called ``rogue'' pixels
identified in darks from
campaigns 1 to 18 (for LH) or 1 to 28 (for SH). We subtracted the background of
our SL spectrum by using the observation taken in the other nod position in the same
order, then extracted the spectrum using a variable-width column extraction that
scales with the width of the point-spread function. We were not able to subtract any
background in our SH and LH spectra, which we extracted with a full-slit extraction.
The SL spectrum was calibrated with $\alpha$ Lac (A1 V), the SH and LH spectra
with $\xi$ Dra (K2 III), using template spectra from \citet{cohen03}. The final
spectrum was obtained by averaging the spectra of the two central map positions.
Given that the SL, SH, and LH spectra stitched together without applying any scale
factors, the background contributions in SH and LH are likely negligible.
By comparing the 10 and 24 $\mu$m emission derived from our IRS
spectrum of HD 98800 with ground- and space-based measurements
\citep{jayawardhana99b,low05}, we infer an absolute spectrophotometric
accuracy of $\sim$ 5\%. Our relative accuracy, determined by the
scattering of neighboring flux values, is higher in SL than SH and LH:
features above the noise level are very likely real in SL, while LH is still
dominated by calibration artifacts.
\section{Analysis}
\subsection{Spectral Energy Distribution}
\label{SED_section}
Previous observations of HD 98800 indicated that the infrared excess originates
from a circumbinary disk around the component B spectroscopic binary.
The SED is consistent with it being a transition disk, extending between a few
and $\sim$ 10--20 AU \citep{koerner00,prato01}.
Observations of the H${\alpha}$ line, which did not distinguish the emission from the
four components, revealed a total H${\alpha}$ equivalent width of 0.9 {\AA}
and a width comparable to that of Pleiades K dwarfs, suggesting an origin in
chromospheric activity and not in an accretion flow \citep{soderblom96}. An
upper limit to the mass accretion rate has not been determined, but it is likely
well below 10$^{-11}$ $M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$ \citep{muzerolle00}; thus,
accretion onto HD 98800 B has virtually come to a halt.
The absence of accretion signatures \citep{soderblom96, webb99} is in accordance
with the lack of dust emission from the inner disk, i.e., the outer disk is prevented
from accreting toward the star.
\begin{figure}
\plotone{f1.eps}
\caption{SED of HD 98800, composed of the IRS spectrum (which includes
the flux of all four stars in the system), $B$, $V$, $I$ photometry from
\citet{soderblom98}, the 2MASS $J$, $H$, and $K_s$ fluxes,
$M$, $N$, $Q$ photometry from \citet{prato01}, and the {\it IRAS}
12, 25, 60, and 100 $\mu$m fluxes. The photosphere of a K5 star (based
on the photospheric colors from \citet{kenyon95} and normalized at $J$) is also
sketched in. All fluxes were dereddened using $A_V$=0.44 and
Mathis's reddening law \citep{mathis90}. \label{TWA4_SED}}
\end{figure}
Our {\it Spitzer} IRS observations included emission of all four components of
the system, since the narrowest IRS slit is 3{\farcs}6 wide. Therefore, in the
SED shown in Figure \ref{TWA4_SED}, we used unresolved optical to far-IR
photometry of HD 98800 (see figure caption for details) and the IRS spectrum,
all corrected for reddening using $A_V$=0.44 \citep[e.g.,][]{soderblom98} and
Mathis's reddening law \citep{mathis90}. Also shown is the photospheric emission
of a K5 star \citep{soderblom98,prato01}, based on the photospheric colors
of a star with this spectral type \citep{kenyon95} and normalized at the unresolved
2MASS $J$-band flux. Despite the fact that our IRS observation does not
distinguish the emission from A and B, the SED suggests that none
of the four components generates excess emission above the level expected
from a stellar photosphere out to about 6 $\mu$m. This supports the idea
that the inner disk of HD 98800 has been cleared out.
In order to retrieve the true IRS spectrum of the B component, we estimated
the contribution of the A component and subtracted it from the spectrum.
Component A does not display an infrared excess and has an extinction
$A_V \sim 0$ \citep{koerner00, prato01, boden05}, while Ba+Bb seem
to lie behind $A_V$=0.44 \citep[e.g.,][]{soderblom98}. This difference in
extinction likely indicates that we are observing HD 98800 B through
some circumbinary dust, as first noted by \citet{tokovinin99}; this could also
explain the slight photometric variability observed by \citet{soderblom98}.
\begin{figure}
\plotone{f2.eps}
\caption{SED of HD 98800 B, composed of optical to mid-IR photometry
compiled by \citet{prato01} ({\it diamonds}), {\it IRAS} fluxes ({\it squares}),
and the MIPS fluxes of \citet{low05} ({\it triangles}). The photosphere is also sketched
in, based on the photospheric colors of a K5 star \citep{kenyon95} and
normalized at the $J$-band flux given in \citet{prato01}. The IRS spectrum was
corrected for the contribution of the A component (see text for details).
All fluxes were dereddened using $A_V$=0.44 and Mathis's reddening law
\citep{mathis90}. \label{TWA4B_SED}}
\end{figure}
We estimated the mid-IR emission of HD 98800 A by using the photospheric
colors of a K5 star \citep{kenyon95}
normalized at the $J$-band flux of the A component given in \citet{prato01}.
This estimate is consistent with the measurements by \citet{prato01},
who determined that the contribution of A to the system flux decreases with
wavelength (50\%, 44\%, 30\%, and 20\% at 2.2, 4.8, 7.9 $\mu$m,
and 8.8 $\mu$m, respectively, and less than 10\% at longer wavelengths).
The subtraction of the estimated emission of the A component from the IRS
spectrum will affect both the flux level and shape of the spectrum particularly
in the 5--8 $\mu$m wavelength range; given that we do not account for
atmospheric features, the resulting spectrum carries a higher uncertainty
in this wavelength region.
The SED of HD 98800 B is shown in Figure \ref{TWA4B_SED};
it was constructed with photometry of the B component compiled by \citet{prato01},
MIPS fluxes from \citet{low05}, {\it IRAS} fluxes, the IRS spectrum corrected for
the contribution of A, and the photosphere of B (approximated using the colors of
a K5 star normalized at the $J$-band flux of B).
The emission of B is photospheric out to about 5.5 $\mu$m; beyond that, the
infrared excess sets in rather sharply. The steep rise of the SED at 8 $\mu$m
is reminiscent of that observed in CoKu Tau/4, a transition disk in the Taurus
star-forming region with an inner disk hole of 10 AU \citep{forrest04,dalessio05}.
The SED peaks at 20 $\mu$m, then decreases as a single-temperature blackbody.
The outer disk is likely truncated by component A, whose distance from B is almost 50 AU
at closest approach (\citealt{torres95}; note that the orbit of B around A is very
eccentric and seen almost edge-on). Thus, the disk around the spectroscopic
binary HD 98800 B seems to be truncated both at the inner and at the outer
disk edge.
\subsection{Dust Composition}
\label{dust_section}
\citet{koerner00} inferred from narrow-band photometry in the 10-$\mu$m region
that the silicate emission feature of HD 98800 B is broader and more structured than
expected from amorphous silicates, indicating the presence of crystalline silicates.
The IRS spectrum allows us to analyze the 10-$\mu$m silicate feature in greater
detail and to derive the dust species that generate the infrared excess emission.
First, we subtracted the photospheric emission, constructed from the colors of a K5 star
normalized at the $J$-band flux, from the dereddened IRS spectrum of HD 98800 B.
Next, given the large infrared excess and the presence of 10 and 18 $\mu$m silicate
emission features, we fit the residuals with two components, an optically thick region
modeled as a blackbody, and a warmer, optically thin region of constant source function
(also modeled as a blackbody):
\begin{equation}
F_{\nu} = \Omega_{thick} B_{\nu}(T_{thick}) +
\Omega_{thin} B_{\nu}(T_{thin})(1-e^{-\tau_\nu}),
\end{equation}
where $T_{thick}$ is the blackbody temperature of the optically thick region,
$T_{thin}$ is that of the optically thin region, $\tau_\nu$ is the wavelength-dependent
optical depth of the optically thin cloud, and $\Omega_{thick}$ and $\Omega_{thin}$
are the solid angles of the emitting regions for the optically thick and thin components,
respectively.
The optically thick component can be thought of as consisting of large (mm-sized) dust
grains, which do not generate spectral features and whose opacities are independent of
wavelength, thus creating a continuum component with a blackbody-type emission.
Alternatively, a very large mass of small grains will generate blackbody-shaped,
optically thick emission. Thus, the detailed composition of the dust only enters in the
optically thin component.
\begin{deluxetable*}{llllll}
\tabletypesize{\small}
\tablewidth{\linewidth}
\tablecaption{Dust Component Fits of HD 98800 B \label{TWA4B_dust_comp}}
\tablehead{
\colhead{Model} & \colhead{Dust Species} & \colhead{$T_{thick}$} &
\colhead{$T_{thin}$} & \colhead{$\Omega_{thick}$} & \colhead{${\chi}_{\nu}^2$} \\
& & [K] & [K] & [10$^{-13}$ sr] &
}
\startdata
a & 5 $\mu$m amorphous pyroxene & 155 & 373 & 1.39 & 18.6 \\
b & small amorphous carbon & & \\
& + 5 $\mu$m amorphous pyroxene & 151 & 291 & 1.47 & 12.1 \\
c & small amorphous carbon & & \\
& + 3 $\mu$m amorphous pyroxene & 153 & 298 & 1.43 & 11.4 \\
d & small amorphous carbon & & \\
& + 3 $\mu$m amorphous pyroxene & & & \\
& + 3 $\mu$m amorphous olivine & 152 & 310 & 1.45 & 8.0 \\
\tableline
\enddata
\end{deluxetable*}
For optically thin emission, the flux becomes linearly dependent on the optical depth,
which can be expressed as the sum of the optical depth of each dust component
$\tau_{\nu_i} = \kappa_{\nu_i} N_i$, where $\kappa_{\nu_i}$ and $N_i$ are the
mass absorption coefficient and column density for each dust species, respectively.
Since the mass of each dust species is derived via $m_i = N_i \Omega_{thin} d^2$,
where $\Omega_{thin}$ is the solid angle subtended by the dust and $d$ is the distance
to the system (assumed to be 47 pc), the total optical depth of the optically thin
component can be expressed as
\begin{equation}
\tau_{\nu} = \sum_{i=1}^N \frac{\kappa_{\nu_i} m_i}{\Omega_{thin} d^2},
\end{equation}
where the sum is carried out over the number $N$ of dust components.
Thus, the dust emission is calculated as
\begin{equation}
F_{\nu} = \Omega_{thick} B_{\nu}(T_{thick}) +
\frac{1}{d^2} B_{\nu}(T_{thin}) \sum_{i=1}^N \kappa_{\nu_i} m_i
\end{equation}
We solved the linear model for the best-fitting set of temperatures
$T_{thick}$ and $T_{thin}$, solid angle $\Omega_{thick}$, and dust masses $m_i$,
starting with just one dust component and adding components as necessary to
improve the fit.
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[angle=90,scale=0.33]{f3.eps}
\caption{Dust model fit, using ISM-type dust grains, for HD 98800 B ({\it thick gray line}),
whose IRS spectrum is plotted after photosphere subtraction; note that the error
bars for the IRS data points are generally smaller than the plotting symbols and are thus
not shown. The model components are a blackbody at temperature $T_{BB}$=161 K
for the optically thick part ({\it dash-dotted line}) and sub-$\mu$m amorphous olivine
at T=662 K for the optically thin part ({\it dashed line}). The solid angle of the emitting
area of the optically thick component is equal to 1.23 $\times$ 10$^{-13}$ sr.
The large ${\chi}_{\nu}^2$ value of 55.4 (calculated between 6.5 $\mu$m
and 1.3 mm) proves that this model is not a good fit.
\label{TWA4B_poor_dust_fit}}
\end{figure}
For the optically thin dust species, we adopted amorphous carbon and silicates,
which are typical for the interstellar medium. We used optical constants from
\citet{draine84} for $\lambda <$ 7.5 $\mu$m and from \citet{dorschner95}
for $\lambda \geq$ 7.5 $\mu$m (using power laws to extrapolate values from
200 $\mu$m to 2 mm) for amorphous silicates of olivine (MgFeSiO$_4$) and
pyroxene (Mg$_{0.8}$Fe$_{0.2}$SiO$_3$) composition,
and optical constants from \citet{zubko96} for amorphous carbon. For sub-micron
grains, we used a CDE2 shape distribution \citep{fabian01} to compute opacities, while
larger grains ($\gtrsim$ 1 $\mu$m) were adopted to be porous spheres with
a 50\% volume fraction of vacuum.
The first model attempts, using only sub-micron (i.e., ISM-like) olivine or pyroxene
grains as the optically thin component, yielded poor fits (for an example, see Figure
\ref{TWA4B_poor_dust_fit}); the emission at the long-wavelength side of both the
10 and 18 $\mu$m silicate feature is underestimated, suggesting the presence of
larger grains. Amorphous pyroxene represents a better fit to the observed peak positions
of the 10 and 18 $\mu$m features than amorphous olivine, so it was assumed as the
dominant large grain species.
\begin{figure*}
\centering
\includegraphics[angle=90,scale=0.75]{f4.eps}
\caption{Best dust model fits for HD 98800 B ({\it thick gray lines}); the IRS
spectrum is plotted as in Figure \ref{TWA4B_poor_dust_fit}.
The ${\chi}_{\nu}^2$ values for each model are also shown in each panel.
The fits consist of blackbodies at different temperatures ($T_{BB}$) for the optically
thick component ({\it dash-dotted lines}) and different dust species for the optically
thin component ({\it dashed lines}):
{\it (a)} $T_{BB}$=155 K, and 5-$\mu$m-sized amorphous pyroxene grains;
{\it (b)} $T_{BB}$=151 K, and small amorphous carbon and 5-$\mu$m-sized
amorphous pyroxene grains;
{\it (c)} $T_{BB}$=153 K, and small amorphous carbon and 3-$\mu$m-sized
amorphous pyroxene grains;
{\it (d)} $T_{BB}$=152 K and small amorphous carbon, 3-$\mu$m-sized
amorphous pyroxene, and 3-$\mu$m-sized amorphous olivine grains.
\label{TWA4B_dust_fits}}
\end{figure*}
The best-fitting models, ordered by decreasing reduced ${\chi}^2$ values
(${\chi}_{\nu}^2$), which were calculated from 6.5 $\mu$m to 1.3 mm,
are shown in Figure \ref{TWA4B_dust_fits} with the residuals of HD 98800 B.
The adopted model components and their parameters are displayed in
Table \ref{TWA4B_dust_comp}. We note that most of the structure seen in the 5-6.5
$\mu$m region of the residuals is likely due to photospheric features from the four stellar
components of the system, which we did not account for in our photosphere subtraction
process. Thus, we expect a mismatch between models and residuals in this part of the
spectrum, and we did not include these data points in the computation of our
${\chi}_{\nu}^2$ values.
We first tried a model with an optically thick component at 155 K and a single
optically thin component consisting of 5 $\mu$m amorphous pyroxene (Fig.\
\ref{TWA4B_dust_fits} a). This fit improved by adding sub-micron amorphous
carbon to the dust mixture (Fig.\ \ref{TWA4B_dust_fits} b); in particular, the
short-wavelength excess starting at about 6.5 $\mu$m is fit better. A slightly
better fit of the silicate feature was achieved by using 3 $\mu$m amorphous
pyroxene and small amorphous carbon as the optically thin component (Fig.\
\ref{TWA4B_dust_fits} c). Finally, the best fit was obtained by adding 3 $\mu$m
amorphous olivine to the previous mixture and adopting an optically thick component
at 152 K (Fig.\ \ref{TWA4B_dust_fits} d).
For all of the models shown in Figure \ref{TWA4B_dust_fits}, the adopted solid angle lies
in the (1.4-1.5) $\times$ 10$^{-13}$ sr range, and the temperature of the optically
thin grains is higher than that of the optically thick component by about a factor of two
(see Table \ref{TWA4B_dust_comp}).
Even though the differences between these four models are small (especially if
judged by eye), the best fit determined here for the optically thin disk region
around HD 98800 B will be confirmed by our disk model in \S\ \ref{model_section}.
The best model fit and its components are shown in Figure \ref{TWA4B_best_dust_fit}
with the residuals of HD 98800 B over the mid-infrared to mm wavelength range.
The model fits the entire excess emission from 6.5 $\mu$m to 1.3 mm remarkably
well. Table \ref{TWA4B_best_dust_model} lists the parameter values of this model
together with their 1-$\sigma$ uncertainties, which were estimated from models lying
within $\Delta {\chi}_{\nu}^2=1$ of the best-fitting model. Since the optically thick
component is more dominant and tightly constrained by all the measurements beyond
about 14 $\mu$m, the relative uncertainties for both $\Omega_{thick}$ and $T_{thick}$
are smaller than for the parameters describing the optically thin component.
We derive a combined mass for the optically thin dust grains of 4.7 $\times$ 10$^{-4}$
lunar masses. The mass of the optically thick component cannot be constrained, but it is
likely several orders of magnitude larger than the mass of the smaller grains.
\begin{deluxetable}{ll}
\tabletypesize{\small}
\tablewidth{\linewidth}
\tablecaption{Parameters and Uncertainties for the Best Dust Component Fit of
HD 98800 B \label{TWA4B_best_dust_model}}
\tablehead{
\colhead{Parameter} & \colhead{Value}
}
\startdata
$\Omega_{thick}$ & $1.46 \pm 0.02 \times 10^{-13}$ sr \\
$T_{thick}$ & $151.8 \pm 0.4$ K \\
$T_{thin}$ & $310 \pm 2$ K \\
$m_{\mathrm{pyroxene}}$ & $2.3 \pm 0.2 \times 10^{-4}$ lunar masses \\
$m_{\mathrm{olivine}}$ & $1.7 \pm 0.2 \times 10^{-4}$ lunar masses \\
$m_{\mathrm{carbon}}$ & $6.9 \pm 0.8 \times 10^{-5}$ lunar masses \\
\tableline
\enddata
\tablecomments{
The mass of the moon is equal to $7.35 \times 10^{25}$ g.
}
\end{deluxetable}
\begin{figure*}
\centering
\includegraphics[angle=90, scale=0.6]{f5.eps}
\caption{The best-fitting dust model of HD 98800 B, plotted with the
photosphere-subtracted IRS spectrum, long-wavelength photometry compiled
by \citet{prato01}, MIPS 70 and 160 $\mu$m fluxes \citep{low05}, and
SCUBA 1350 and 2000 $\mu$m fluxes \citep{sylvester01}.
The various model components are listed in the top right quadrant of the figure.
\label{TWA4B_best_dust_fit}}
\end{figure*}
The fact that dust grains larger than ISM-type amorphous grains (whose sizes are
$\lesssim$ 1 $\mu$m) constitute the bulk of the optically thin component indicates
that dust growth must have occurred in the disk of HD 98800 B.
The other two objects with substantial disks in the TW Hydrae association, TW Hya
(K7 spectral type) and Hen 3-600 A (M3 spectral type), are dominated by smaller
grains and are characterized, in particular in the case of Hen 3-600 A, by a
notable fraction of crystalline grains \citep{sargent06}.
Our dust model fit to HD 98800 B excludes any sizable amount of small crystalline silicates,
suggesting that the larger width of the 10 $\mu$m silicate feature already noted by
\citet{koerner00} should likely be attributed to grain growth alone.
\subsection{Disk Model}
\label{model_section}
In order to derive the structure of the circumstellar material of HD 98800 B, in
addition to its composition, we computed a model following the methods of
\citet{dalessio05} and \citet{calvet05}.
The stellar luminosity of the Ba+Bb pair was adopted to be 0.7 $L_{\odot}$, a value
obtained by integrating the photospheric fluxes of the unresolved B component,
and the effective temperature was assumed to be 4350 K, typical for a K5 star
\citep{kenyon95}.
The model has two components: an optically thick wall and an optically thin region,
corresponding to the blackbody component and the optically thin dust grains,
respectively, from the dust component fit of \S\ \ref{dust_section}.
Even though the model implicitly assumes the presence of gas in addition to the dust,
no assumptions regarding the gas were made, since it does not enter any of the
calculations.
\begin{figure*}
\centering
\includegraphics[angle=90,scale=0.7]{f6.eps}
\caption{Sequence of disk models for HD 98800 B ({\it thick gray lines}); the SED
is plotted as in Figure \ref{TWA4B_SED}. Also shown are the components of the
disk models, the optically thick disk wall ({\it dash-dotted lines}) and the optically thin
inner disk region ({\it long-dashed lines}). The four panels display different models
where the optically thin region consists of a ring between $r_{in}$ and $r_{out}$,
and the optically thick wall at 5.9 AU is scaled by means of the wall height to
result in a good overall fit (see Table \ref{TWA4B_model_seq} for details).
\label{TWA4B_disk_models}}
\end{figure*}
The wall emission was calculated assuming amorphous carbon and silicate grains with
sizes between 1 and 3 mm. Since the grains are so large, their opacities are gray (i.e.,
independent of wavelength), and thus their composition does not affect the fit; their
emission corresponds to that of a scaled blackbody. Therefore, this wall matches the
optically thick component of \S\ \ref{dust_section}.
The composition of the optically thin component was adopted from \S\ \ref{dust_section},
namely sub-micron amorphous carbon, 3 $\mu$m-sized amorphous olivine and 3
$\mu$m-sized amorphous pyroxene grains.
The small amorphous carbon grains, which absorb stellar radiation more efficiently than the
larger grains, are necessary to heat the dust and yield enough emission in the 6-8 $\mu$m
range; the 3 $\mu$m-sized grains generate emission that provides a good fit to the silicate
features at 10 and 20 $\mu$m.
\begin{deluxetable*}{llllllll}
\tabletypesize{\small}
\tablewidth{\linewidth}
\tablecaption{Disk Model Fits of HD 98800 B \label{TWA4B_model_seq}}
\tablehead{
Model & \multicolumn{5}{c}{Optically thin component} &
\multicolumn{2}{c}{Optically thick component} \\
& $r_{in}$ & $r_{out}$ & $\tau_{10}$ & $T(r_{in})$ & $T(r_{out})$ &
$R_{wall}$ & $H_{wall}$ \\
& [AU] & [AU] & & [K] & [K] & [AU] & [AU]
}
\startdata
a & 2 & 5 & 0.04 & 266 & 175 & 5.9 & 0.56 \\
b & 2 & 4 & 0.04 & 266 & 193 & 5.9 & 0.68 \\
c & 2 & 2.2 & 0.22 & 267 & 255 & 5.9 & 0.75 \\
d & 1.5 & 2 & 0.06 & 307 & 266 &5.9 & 0.75 \\
\tableline
\enddata
\tablecomments{
$\tau_{10}$ is used a scaling factor for the emission of the optically thin component:
$ F_{\nu} = \int_{r_{in}}^{r_{out}} B_{\nu}(T_{dust}) \kappa_{\nu}
\frac{\tau_{10}}{\kappa(10 {\mu}m)}2 \pi r dr$
}
\end{deluxetable*}
The results of the model calculations are shown in Figure \ref{TWA4B_disk_models}
and in Table \ref{TWA4B_model_seq}. We show different model fits which result
from varying the contribution of the optically thin and thick components.
As in the previous section, the properties of the inner disk wall are well-constrained by
the flux measurements beyond about 14 $\mu$m; in order to obtain the correct
blackbody shape, it has to be placed at a distance of 5.9 AU from the B pair, where
the temperature in its upper layers (closest to the star) amounts to 140 K.
Not surprisingly, this temperature is very similar to the one derived in \S\
\ref{dust_section} for the optically thick component.
The height of the wall above the midplane is treated as a scale factor for the
wall emission; it is adjusted such that the emission from the optically thick and thin
components yields the best possible fit. For the best-fit model (Figure
\ref{TWA4B_disk_models} d), this height is 0.75 AU.
The solid angle subtended by the wall amounts to 1.57 $\times$ 10$^{-13}$ sr
(assuming a distance of 47 pc and an inclination angle of 67\degr, as determined
by \citealt{boden05}), which is just somewhat larger than the value of
1.46 $\times$ 10$^{-13}$ sr derived from the best-fitting dust model in \S\
\ref{dust_section}.
The optically thin component has to lie inside the region delimited by the optically
thick wall in order to provide enough emission at wavelengths between 5 and
20 $\mu$m; in addition, its innermost location and radial extent are fairly well
constrained by the observed 10-20 $\mu$m flux ratio.
As can be seen in Figure \ref{TWA4B_disk_models} a, an optically thin region
extending from 2 to 5 AU will underestimate both the short- and long-wavelength
excess emission; decreasing the outer radius results in a better match of the flux
beyond 20 $\mu$m (Fig.\ \ref{TWA4B_disk_models} b). Concentrating the
optically thin region close to 2 AU yields a very good fit (Fig.\ \ref{TWA4B_disk_models}
c), while the best fit to the observations is obtained by an optically thin ring located
between 1.5 and 2 AU (Fig.\ \ref{TWA4B_disk_models} d). The dust grains in this
ring are at a temperature between 307 and 266 K, similar to the value found for the
best-fitting dust model of \S\ \ref{dust_section}.
The wall radius of 5.9 AU we derive is comparable to the inner radius range of
5.0 $\pm$ 2.5 AU determined by \citet{koerner00} from simple SED models;
both values are larger than the estimate of 2 AU derived by \citet{prato01} from
fits to their unresolved mid-infrared images. However, our result is consistent with
the fact that \citet{prato01} did not resolve the disk: the optically thin region
is very compact and close to the binary, and even though at 12 $\mu$m the
brightness of this region and that of the wall are comparable, the large inclination
of the wall might have prevented its direct detection.
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=0.5]{f7.eps}
\caption{Optical depth as a function of wavelength for the optically thin component
of the best-fitting dust model of HD 98800 B. The solid line shows the vertical optical
depth, while the dashed line represents an upper limit to the optical depth along the line
of sight. \label{TWA4B_dust_taus}}
\end{figure}
The optical depth of the optically thin component is displayed in Figure
\ref{TWA4B_dust_taus}; it was computed using the best-fitting dust component
model from \S\ \ref{dust_section} and adopting a ring between 1.5 and 2 AU
to determine $\Omega_{thin}$, which amounts to 5.85 $\times 10^{-14}$ sr.
Shown in the figure are the vertical optical depth ({\it solid line}) and the optical
depth along the line of sight ({\it dashed line}), assuming an inclination angle of
67\degr. The latter quantity is actually an upper limit to the optical depth along
our line of sight, since the thickness of the optically thin region is not known. Thus,
since $\tau_\nu$ lies between 0.02 and at most 0.13 over the mid-infrared
range and decreases steadily towards longer wavelengths, the inner disk region
will appear as optically thin from infrared to millimeter wavelengths.
A sketch of the HD 98800 system is shown in Figure~\ref{HD98800_sketch}.
There are two rings of material around the B component: an optically thick
wall at 5.9 AU with a small radial extent, and an optically thin inner region
between 1.5 and 2 AU, just outside the binary orbit. We will discuss the
implications of this peculiar structure in the next section.
\begin{figure}
\plotone{f8.eps}
\caption{Sketch of the HD 98800 system. {\it Note:} Distances and sizes
of the disk components around HD 98800 B are not plotted to scale.
\label{HD98800_sketch}}
\end{figure}
\section{Discussion and Conclusions}
\label{disc_concl}
The mid-infrared spectrum of HD 98800 B reveals that it is surrounded by a transition
disk whose infrared excess emission starts at about 5.5 $\mu$m and decreases
beyond 20 $\mu$m. Its structure is somewhat reminiscent of that of the transition
disks TW Hya \citep{calvet02} and GM Aur \citep{calvet05}, which also harbor
optically thin regions inside an outer, optically thick disk. However, as opposed to the
these two objects, HD 98800 is a multiple system: the Ba and Bb stars form a
close ($\sim$ 1 AU) eccentric ($e=0.78$; \citealt{boden05}) binary system,
and in addition the A pair comes as close as 50 AU to the B pair, with the orbital planes
of the two binaries inclined by about 30\degr\ with respect to each other
\citep{torres95,boden05}. Thus, gravitational perturbations likely play a role in
the confinement and distribution of the dust around HD 98800 B.
A circumbinary disk around an eccentric binary is expected to be tidally truncated
at the inner disk edge \citep{artymowicz94}. If the eccentricity is large,
several higher-order resonances play a role in truncating the circumbinary disk
by exerting tidal torques further out in the disk; thus, gap sizes of $\sim$
3.5$a$ (where $a$ is the semimajor axis of the binary) can be explained
\citep{artymowicz94}. However, these gravitational interactions apply to
a gaseous disk, and the amount of gas in HD 98800 appears to be very small:
the 1-$\sigma$ upper limit placed by \citet{dent05} on the sub-mm
$^{12}$CO J=3-2 line indicates an upper limit of $\sim$ 4 $\times$ 10$^{-4}$
Jupiter masses (which is less than 1/24 of the gas mass of TW Hya), assuming
optically thin $^{12}$CO emission. Some warm gas could still be present in
the inner disk regions, since the sub-mm $^{12}$CO line traces cold molecular
gas in outer disk regions (where temperatures are below $\sim$ 100 K), but
given the lack of accretion signatures \citep{soderblom96,webb99}, the amount
of gas in the inner disk should be small.
In the absence of gas, the truncation of the outer disk at 5.9 AU could still be explained
by the effect of resonances. Using the empirical formula determined by \citet{holman99},
who studied stable particle orbits around an eccentric binary, the smallest, stable orbit
around HD 98800 B (which has a semimajor axis $a=0.98$ AU, eccentricity $e=0.78$,
and mass ratio $\mu=M_2/(M_1+M_2)=$ 0.45; \citealt{boden05}) is at 4.06 AU,
somewhat smaller than the result we obtained by fitting a disk model to the SED.
However, \citet{holman99} note that the transition between stable and unstable
orbits is likely not sharp due to the effects of overlapping mean motion resonances.
They also found indications that, over time, the stable region moves further out
for high binary eccentricities.
While a tidally truncated disk at $\gtrsim$ 4 AU could explain the location of the disk
wall, it would not be able to account for the presence of optically thin dust grains at 1.5-2 AU.
The most likely interpretation for the unusual structure of the circumstellar material of
HD 98800 B, also considering the probable scarcity of gas, is that the disk is already
at the debris disks stage, when dust is its main constituent and is generated
by collisions of larger bodies. The dust would be second-generation dust and not
primordial material that survived for 10 Myr.
The sub-micron carbon and 3-$\mu$m-sized silicate grains in the disk would be
replenished in planetesimal collisions, which might occur in the optically thick ring
at $\sim$ 6 AU. Due to Poynting-Robertson (PR) drag, the larger dust grains
would spiral in from 6 AU towards the binary on a timescale of a few 10$^5$
years; since $t_{PR} \propto a D^2/L_{\ast}$ \citep{burns79}, where
$a$ is the grain size, $D=6$ AU and $L_{\ast}=0.7$ $L_{\odot}$, smaller grains
would migrate even faster. Since HD 98800 is about 10 Myr old, the optically
thin, inner ring must be continuously replenished, assuming it is a long-lived structure.
If the inner dust ring is explained by PR drag, then the absence of grains from 2 to
5.9 AU is puzzling; drag forces acting on dust grains should distribute the dust uniformly
inside the radius at which the dust grains are created.
A possible explanation for the observed gap could be a planet that formed just outside the
unstable region, i.e., close to the inner disk wall, and that is temporarily holding up dust
grains (that were able to drift inward) at one of its inner mean motion resonances
\citep{liou97,moro-martin05}.
In the case of TW Hya, a planet was thought to be responsible for clearing out the inner
disk \citep{calvet02}, so it is conceivable that a planet also formed in the roughly coeval
HD 98800 system.
On the other hand, this system is probably governed by complex dynamics due to the
presence of four stellar components, implying overlapping resonances and variable
gravitational perturbations.
Given that the evidence supports that the disk around HD 98800 B is rather a
debris than a protoplanetary disk, the presence of an optically thick dust component
and the large infrared excess (L$_{IR}$/L$_{bol}=$17\%) of HD 98800 B seem
unusual, but they might be explained by the gravitational perturbations of the Aa+Ab pair.
This type of perturbation can pump up eccentricities and inclinations of particles,
and cause particles to be trapped in mean motion resonances, as was likely the case
for Kuiper Belt objects under the influence of the giant planets and possibly a close
encounter by a passing, nearby star \citep[e.g.,][]{duncan95,ida00,gladman05}.
Periodic stirring of planetesimals in the outer disk around HD 98800 B by the A pair could
be responsible for generating copious amounts of dust \citep[see][]{kenyon02}.
HD 98800 B is thus a unique type of debris disk, whose infrared excess is elevated
to levels comparable to that of protoplanetary disks due to the particular configuration
of the four components in this system, resulting in gravitational perturbations that
prevent the dust from settling into a flat disk.
Even though HD 98800 appears to be a very dynamical system, it is unlikely to be in
a short-lived transitional stage with ongoing clearing processes, in which the outer disk
is being progressively eroded.
HD 98800 B belongs to a similar class of transition disks as St 34 and Hen 3-600 A:
a tight binary is responsible for tidal and resonant interactions with the disk, thus creating
a stable, tidally truncated circumbinary disk. In addition, collisions between planetesimals
in the outer disk of HD 98800 B cause a collisional cascade of smaller grains, which then
migrate towards the central binary. This outer disk is likely truncated due to the presence
of the other component, as is the case with Hen 3-600 A \citep{jayawardhana99a}.
However, St 34 and Hen 3-600 A are still accreting material, albeit at low levels
(2.5 $\times$ 10$^{-10}$ $M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$ for St 34, $\sim$ 5
$\times$ 10$^{-11}$ $M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$ for Hen 3-600 A;
\citealt{white05,muzerolle00}), while HD 98800 B is probably not accreting
any more.
Thus, St 34 and Hen 3-600 A are likely surrounded by evolved protoplanetary disks,
while the disk around HD 98800 seems to have evolved even further. The similarities
and differences between the HD 98800 and Hen 3-600 systems could increase our
understanding of disk evolution; the larger separation between Hen 3-600 Aa+Ab
and B and the fact that all three stars are of later spectral type might play a role
in the longer survival of primordial disk material around this system.
The analysis presented in this paper suggests that transition disks comprise a
varied group of objects, where different processes are responsible for
creating a ``transition disk'' appearance, and where the timescales involved
can vary substantially. Increasing the sample of transition disks from various
star-forming environments and at different ages will shed light on the processes
sculpting the disks. \\
\acknowledgments
We thank an anonymous referee whose comments led to a substantial improvement
of this paper and a better understanding of this object.
This work is based on observations made with the {\it Spitzer Space Telescope},
which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology,
under NASA contract 1407. Support for this work was provided by NASA through
contract number 1257184 issued by JPL/Caltech. E.F. was supported by a NASA
Postdoctoral Program Fellowship, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities
through a contract with NASA. N.C. and L.H. acknowledge support
from NASA grants NAG5-13210 and NAG5-9670, and STScI grant AR-09524.01-A.
P.D. acknowledges grants from PAPIIT, UNAM and CONACyT, M\'exico.
This publication made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System Abstract Service,
and of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of
the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California
Institute of Technology, funded by NASA and the NSF.
| {
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Darwin Enlists David J's Harmonica Skills On "Unkind Lover"
Get ready for a descent into eerie wonder: alt-pop artist Darwin presents Unkind Lover. The eerie track, featuring David J (Love and Rockets, Bauhaus) on harmonica, Dustin Heald on guitar, and producer/collaborator Julian Shah-Tayler (a.k.a. The Singularity), invokes the spirit of early 80s goth with a modern flair. It is a plodding, insistent, at times bluesy dirge.
The video, inspired by the writing of Dani Burlison, is an unnerving cruise on stormy seas as disembodied lips snarl out the lyrics in a half-spoken, Lynchian drawl. Burlison, who recently released a book of short stories called Some Places Worth Leaving, asked her friend Darwin to create music for a spoken word video for Shark Week, which features a character known only as The Unkind Lover. The collaboration proved irresistible to the Santa Rosa musician. "When I saw the final video, it struck me that it would be exciting to develop the music into a song," says Darwin.
Darwin enlisted the help of Julian Shah-Taylor for the undertaking, as well as his friend Dustin Heald and finally David J. "Having been in a band with him for many years (David J & The Gentleman Thieves), I had gotten used to the sound of that instrument and I knew he would be perfect to put that final touch on it," Darwin says. The ghostly harmonica wails mournfully over the vocals, repeatedly dashing the proverbial ship upon the jutting rocks. It is a masterpiece of noir.
The cover artwork was created by Mark Gleason. "He had recently finished a painting that perfectly matches the song…I love this tune and think everyone involved did a fantastic job. It was a real collaboration," says Darwin.
Unkind Lover will be available 15 September on Spotify, Apple Music and Bandcamp.
Dani Burlison
The Cure's Robert Smith And Gorillaz Release New Collaboration, 'Strange Timez'
Killjoy and the Cutthroats "Running" and "Golden Years for a Gutter Punk"
Vermont Post-Punkers Thus Love Debut Video for "Put On Dog" | {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
} |
Q: Passing an object to another component in router I have a todoDetail component like this:
<mat-card class="todos" [class.done]="todo.done === true">
<h3>
<input (change) = "done(todo.id)" [checked]="todo.done" type="checkbox"/>
<a [title]="todo.name + ' details'" >
{{ todo.name }}
</a>
<button (click)="delete(todo.id)" class="del" mat-mini-fab color="warn" aria-label="Delete todo">
x
</button>
<button routerLink="/editTodo" class="edit" mat-mini-fab color="accent" aria-label="Edit todo">
Edit
</button>
</h3>
<p>{{todo.urgency}}</p>
<p *ngIf="todo.description">
Description: {{ todo.description }}
</p>
</mat-card>
<br>
What I want is when I click on the edit button, it will take me to the edit todo screen, which is the add todo screen but with the values of the todos filled. I specified the routes below:
{ path: 'addTodo', component: AddTodoComponent },
{ path: 'editTodo', component: AddTodoComponent },
How would I pass the todo data to that component when I click on edit? I'm new to Angular so I hope that makes sense. Thank you!
A: You could bind the routing to a function in the controller and send additional optional parameters to the recipient. Try the following
app.component.html
<h3>
<input [(ngModel)]="todo.done" type="checkbox"/>
<a [title]="todo.name + ' details'" >
{{ todo.name }}
</a>
<button routerLink="/dashboard">
Cancel edit
</button>
<button (mouseup)="gotoEdit()"> <!-- binding to a function instead of directly routing here -->
Edit todo
</button>
</h3>
<p>Urgency: {{todo.urgency}}</p>
<p *ngIf="todo.description">
Description: {{ todo.description }}
</p>
<router-outlet></router-outlet>
app.component.ts
import { Router } from '@angular/router';
export class AppComponent {
todo = {
done: true,
id: '2',
name: 'Groceries',
urgency: 'high',
description: 'Get groceries immediately'
}
constructor(private _router: Router) { }
gotoEdit() {
this._router.navigate(['/editTodo', {todo: JSON.stringify(this.todo)}]);
}
}
And retrieve it in the recipient using Angular ActivatedRoute.
edit-todo.component.ts
import { ActivatedRoute } from '@angular/router';
export class EditTodoComponent implements OnInit {
todo: any;
constructor(private _actRoute: ActivatedRoute) { }
ngOnInit() {
this.todo = JSON.parse(this._actRoute.snapshot.paramMap.get('todo'));
}
}
edit-todo.component.html
<ng-container *ngIf="todo">
Got 'todo' object from parent:
<pre>{{ todo | json }}</pre>
</ng-container>
Here is the routing config I used for reference
app.module.ts
import { RouterModule, Routes } from '@angular/router';
const appRoutes: Routes = [
{ path: '', component: DashboardComponent },
{ path: 'dashboard', component: DashboardComponent },
{ path: 'editTodo', component: EditTodoComponent }
];
@NgModule({
imports: [ BrowserModule, FormsModule, RouterModule.forRoot(appRoutes) ],
...
})
Working example: Stackblitz
| {
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaStackExchange"
} |
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Transport for London (TfL) run a number of industry awards each year. With a small admin team it's important that the processes behind the application, judging and the award ceremony are as stream lined as possible. For Smarter Travel Awards TfL sought YellowHawk's help in automating the process.
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Is M. Night Shyamalan back???
With the box office and critical success Split has already garnered coupled with the success of The Visit we here at Terror Firma are left to ponder- Is M. Night Shyamalan back??
Shyamalan had directed 2 features before he hit it big with the Sixth Sense, Praying With Anger his debut featured him in the lead and Wide Awake a comedy starring Dana Delany, Denis Leary and Rosie O'Donnell.
But it was the smash-hit Sixth Sense where he made his name and introduced the world to his new style of story telling, one that would bring him huge success and also plague his career for many years to come.
After Sixth Sense he directed Unbreakable and Signs to much fanfare and critical praise but then the praise ended with the release of the Village. The for this film was done with the insane trailer that the Studio released making the film appear to be a monster in the woods film which the movie certainly wasn't. Shyamalan has went on record saying he was disappointed by the marketing campaign of this film and it's clear to see why.
After this he filmed Lady In The Water and The Happening both of which were sub-par films for the talent involved and did not set the box office alight as his earlier fare had done but it wasn't til his next two films that people started right him off entirely as a filmmaker.
Those films were The Last Airbender & the disaster that was After Earth, the second of which almost sunk Will Smith's career in the process. People who had criticized him for his movies having twist endings were now criticizing his films for not having twist endings. He was damned if he did and damned if he didn't.
Shyamalan sidetracked into television producing very successfully with the hit series Wayward Pines and fans of his "holy Trinity" of movies (Sixth Sense, Unbreakable, Signs) hopes were raised that he was about to make a comeback.
His choice of a "found footage" esque film the Visit was not promising as that has been done to death but he managed to bring an interesting take on it and craft a very enjoyable film in the process. His follow up to that is the box office hit Split which has all the critics and fans alike talking about it.
His next film, Labor of Love, takes him back to his roots as it's a romantic drama and is rumoured to be starring Bruce Willis.
So we come back to the original question: Is M. Night Shyamalan back? Only time will tell.
What are your thoughts on this? Let us know in the comments bellow and over on the Facebook Group and Twitter.
Labels: horror, horror movie news, M Night Shyamalan, Terror Firma, thoughts
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Small to Medium Businesses (SMB) have unique challenges from the perspective of technical expertise. The challenges are more related to the limited number of employees that work for or service businesses that meet this criteria. I often find organizations with a hundred (or more employees) that have a single technical resource on staff. This person may be responsible for everything from backups and business continuity planning to Firewall design and configuration.
Training and certifications are often used to get, keep and gauge the competency of a technician employee. The reason for seeking a certification should not be to obtain the certificate itself. The reason to seek the certification is to get the knowledge obtained during the process. Since the SMB space does more with less from a human resource perspective, the certifications sought may be different than in the enterprise environment. Although other certifications are mentioned, this article focuses on the relevancy of Cisco Certifications to the SMB environment.
The first group of certifications that must be mentioned is the non-Cisco certifications. Those working in an SMB environment will most likely find themselves dealing with issues related to operating systems, desktops, backups and proprietary applications far more than they deal with network issues. So depending on the environment, an individual might pursue the applicable Linux or Microsoft Certifications prior to pursuing the Cisco skills.
The next thing worth mentioning is that not all networks are Cisco networks. Some small to medium businesses use other solutions for routing, switching and security. For example, some organizations will use commodity switches, a Sonicwall Firewall, and rely on their communication company for routing. In that case, Cisco certifications would only provide the benefit of exposing the individual to network theory. This individual might also get solid basis of theory buy going through the Wireshark Certification process.
If a small to medium sized network is primarily Cisco, the first network certification that should be sought first is the CCENT/CCNA. Although I classified the CCENT and CCNA together, the CCENT is actually a subset of the CCNA certification. Obtaining the CCENT is half of the process of obtaining the CCNA (although there is an alternative single exam approach to the CCNA). The study required for achieving these certificates require the study of network protocols, theory and application to Cisco equipment. This is a really good basis for someone who regularly deals with Cisco routers and switches. The CCNA is also a prerequisite for the other Certifications that are mentioned in this article.
The next obvious thing that is important is security. Almost every organization has some connectivity to the Internet. This typically requires a firewall of some sort. Cisco has this certification path aptly called the CCNA Security. However, in my experience, this is not a standalone security certification that meets the requirements of a SMB network technician.
Key Concept—The CCNA Security certification does not include the ASA Firewall.
The Cisco CCNA Security certification is about securing IOS, not building appropriate firewall controls using the ASA Appliance. Someone in the SMB space who is responsible for security should seek the knowledge on the applicable firewalls they are responsible for. From the above list, there are two Cisco examples of firewall. These are both covered in depth in the Cisco Firewall Security Specialist certification. The CCNA Security is a prerequisite to achieve this certification.
Beyond the firewall capability of Cisco devices, there is often a need to configure, troubleshoot and design VPN solutions. In some cases these are built with non-Cisco solutions. When dealing with Cisco solutions, the two products that can be used are IOS Routers and ASA Firewalls. Cisco has certification programs and training materials that map to both of these as well. The "Cisco VPN Security Specialist" certificate is two courses and exams that address the configuration of VPN solutions using IOS Routers and ASA Firewalls. Again, the CCNA Security is a prerequisite for this certification.
There are other ways that these can be combined as appropriate. For example, some individual's organization may deal exclusively with ASAs to provide both VPNs and Firewalling capabilities. In that case, the "ASA Specialist" is a specialization that is made up of two courses and exams that cover the necessary skills.
In addition to the routing, switching, firewall and VPN skills, other networking technologies are often found in SMB environments. For example, wireless and voice over IP are quickly becoming the responsibility of almost every technology services department. Some environments use non-Cisco solutions, but Cisco solutions are regularly found in the SMB environments as well as large enterprises. Again, the appropriate skills should be obtained to support the environments that fall under your responsibility.
What about other Cisco certifications like CCNP? Actually, there are now several variants of the CCNP (Cisco Certified Network Professional). The traditional path is the Routing and Switching CCNP. CCNP tracks now include Wireless, Voice, Security, and Service Provider Operation. The CCNP certifications are very good indicators of skill. When compared to specializations, these certifications do seem to have more buying power in the job market. So it really depends on what is motivating you (maybe you want to escape your current job or take your knowledge to the next level in a particular area) whether the CCNP is the best certification and skill-set to pursue.
Certifications really do a couple of things. First, they force an individual to continue in their pursuit of knowledge. This is the greatest overall benefit of certifications. Second, they act as a gauge for employers to estimate the skill and dedication of a potential employee. For those supporting small to medium businesses, there is a regular need for knowledge of a wide variety of products. From a routing and switching standpoint, it should be expected that Cisco products will be regularly encountered.
Many SMB organization have all of the same technologies that are found in the larger enterprises. In this article, we focused on the Cisco certification programs. Some networks may utilize other vendor's equipment. In smaller organizations, the challenge is supporting such a broad range of technologies with fewer people. If that challenge seems impossible, the organization may choose to outsource specific tasks and responsibilities to well qualified systems integrators or consultants. | {
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United kingdom - british General Consulate in Montreal, Canada
Address: 2000 Avenue McGill College, Montreal, H3A 3H3
City: Montreal
State/Country: Canada
ZIP: H3A 3H3
The United Kingdom - British General Consulate in Montreal
Head of the mission is Consul General Please note that the British High Commission in Ottawa is the only mission within Canada that offers a Visa Service..
For questions regarding trading regulations, passport and VISA requirements please contact directly the General Consulate in Montreal.
United Kingdom has 4 Diplomatic Missions in Canada.
The United kingdom - british General Consulate in Montreal, Canada is one of 127 United Kingdom - British diplomatic and consular representations abroad.
United Kingdom - British embassies and consulates in Canada:
United kingdom - british General Consulate in Calgary, Canada
United kingdom - british Consulate in Toronto, Canada
United kingdom - british Consulate in Vancouver, Canada
Other representations of United Kingdom in Canada:
United kingdom - british High Commission in Ottawa, Canada
canadian embassies and consulates in United Kingdom:
Canadian High Commission in London, United kingdom
Canadian General Consulate in Belfast, United kingdom
Canadian General Consulate in Edinburgh, United kingdom
Canadian General Consulate in Birmingham, United kingdom
Canadian General Consulate in Cardiff, United kingdom
Nearby United Kingdom - British embassies and consulates
United kingdom - british High Commission in Ottawa, Canada (102.9 km)
United kingdom - british General Consulate in Cambridge, United states (249.8 km)
United kingdom - british Consulate in Toronto, Canada (312.9 km)
United kingdom - british General Consulate in New york, United states (328.5 km)
Popular United Kingdom - British embassies and consulates worldwide:
United kingdom - british General Consulate in New york, United states
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Location: Montreal, Canada | {
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As the gate opened to the private rental property, Podere Villabassa, just two km outside of Montespertoli in the Chianti area, it was obvious that a caring and sapient hand was the mastermind behind the stupendous garden filled with roses.
My first impression was that Ilaria, Ruby and Francesco, the owners, all have a fantastic green thumb. But. They quickly corrected me...Ilaria's father is the architect of the finely manicured lawn and colorful blossoms which pretty much result in a paradise in Tuscany.
The modern accommodations are set in a striking Tuscan landscape, surrounded by vineyards, small towns and the distance chime of the church bells. Podere Villabassa embodies both the spirit and the substance of Chianti.
The two vacation rental apartments, which also combine for larger groups to become an independent Tuscany villa rental, are spacious, luminous and clean. I fell in love with them immediately - immediately after the gardens and the outdoor covered terrace.
Ilaria and Francesco escorted me through both apartments, the pool and the new addition in 2017, the hot tub, before settling down on the covered patio to begin our interview. My experience of over 20 years of visiting vacation rentals gives me a bit of an advantage - sometimes you think you have seen it all, good and not so good. However, the spacious interiors, the neutral decor, the clean bathrooms and creative architecture at Podere Villa Bassa created quite the impression. In particular their unqie capability to incorporate a clearly Tuscan character while remaining totally up to date with modern accessories: dishwasher, WiFi and AC.
This is what being on vacation with the family, friends or large groups should be like. The apartments, set on two floors, were arranged to be versatile. Several of the double bedrooms provide space for adding a full size single bed. This is perfect for kids sleeping with parents, several kids in one room or two singles sharing a room. The kitchens looked just like the kind of area which encourage everyone to participate in the cooking (and the cleaning). If you aren't into cooking all day, then fire up the grill outside, or Montespertoli, with many restaurants and pizzerias is only a few minutes away.
We loved: beautiful garden and fabulous covered terrace framed with brilliant rose blossoms. Can't help but mention the new addition: the hot tub by the pool! Absolutely loved it!
Ideal for: families, friends or groups who enjoy extra space - the apartments are huge, almost 200 m² each.
The ground floor of this holiday apartment is comprised of a living room area with a large Tuscan styled fireplace, a comfortable kitchen and dining room. Next to the original gray stone stairs you will find one of the three bathrooms. On the first floor, there is double bedrooms with an extra single bed, a masterbedroom with a sitting room area and a bedroom with two twin beds that can be made into a double upon request. There is one en suite bathroom and a super large bathroom. That means you can sleep up to 7 persons in real beds and two on the sofa bed downstairs.
No need to ask where this name comes from - you can easily guess from either the row of white blooms that greet you at the gate, or the lush red blossoms crawling up the covered terrace. Directly next door to i Limoni is the rental Le Rose, this apartment is also approximately 200 ² and is also set on two floors.
You enter from the covered patio into a small lobby that leads into the kitchen, which includes a separate door to a side garden and the pool area. The formal dining room is next door; it will accommodate a large group.
The living room has a special curtain divider which allows you to transform this into a third double bedroom with some privacy. There is a bathroom on the ground floor between the stairs and the single bedroom. On the first floor there are two large double bedrooms, each with a loft and an extra single bed. There are two bathrooms stairs.
Separately or combined, these two vacation rental apartments provide lots of space for the guests.
Absolutely! These two areas will be the highlights of your vacation! The large shared pool is furnished with recliners, tables, chairs and a covered gazebo for entertaining poolside. The landscaping includes aromatic plants and olive trees which create a green oasis around the infinity pool. The newest addition (2017) includes a 6 person hot tub, just begging for you to climb in and massage those travel pains and aches.
I most defintiely appreciated the covered terraces, imaging evenings outside watching the fireflies or afternoons nursing a chilled bottle of Chianti. When I inquired how the guests lived the terrace, Francesco explained that it has proved a great way to give everyone a chance to meet their neighbors and over the years he has often seen them combining forces for a BBQ dinner or a shared gelato party.
Apparently it has come in handy several times when guests are invited to share summer styled Tuscan meal with the family. For those who like to get their hands in the mix you can try cooking with "la Mamma", Marianna, who has the opinion that everyone should get involved.
Though right next to each other, the apartments each have a dedicated garden, separated by a tall hedge; the yard is finely trimmed and great for the kids. The adults though, will appreciate the enchanting Tuscan landscape that unfolds before them.
Sign me up! If I didn't already live in Tuscany - this would be the perfect place to take a vacation. The owners are both friendly, outgoing and quick to offer interesting and off beat suggestions of what to do and where to go - first stop is to visit the handmade leather jackets at Francesco's shop! Bring your family, bring your friends - or just yourself, but definitely check out this property for your next Tuscan holiday. | {
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Ampeon has trained technicians who perform professional and expert repairs on Mitsubishi Servo Systems. Our services include but are not limited to repairing Mitsubishi MR-J2 Super servo motors, Mitsubishi MR-C servo motors, Mitsubishi MR-J2-Junior servo motors and the many more.
We have test rigs and engineering data to ensure that your Mitsubishi Servo Motor is repaired and tested to Mitsubishi repair standards. We stock numerous Mitsubishi interface connectors to test run the Mitsubishi motors and have strict Quality Control Processes.
As expert North American Mitsubishi Servo Motor Repair experts, Ampeon focuses on reliability, competitive prices, quick turnaround times, professional customer service and warranties. All Mitsubishi Servo Repairs require specialized skills and knowledge and our servo repair technicians at Ampeon are trained and experienced to handle these servo repairs. We have test rigs and software to troubleshoot; repair and test run Mitsubishi servo motors.
Need to get your Mitsubishi Servo Motor repaired. Fill in the Free Evaluation/ Quote Form or call us at 1+800 504-9996. Our representatives will be too glad to serve you.
Ampeon has scores of satisfied customers/clients as a result of our perfect and highest quality repair workmanship, fast turnaround times, professional technical expertise and ever responsive & courteous customer service. Our clients include fortune 500 companies.
Call us for a Free Evaluation/Quote at 1+800 504-9996 and an Ampeon representative will be too glad to assist you with your Mitsubishi Servo Repair needs.
To send us your Mitsubishi servo unitnow for a free evaluation and repair quote, click on the Free Evaluation/Quote Form link or contact us and we will provide you with an RMA by phone, fax, or email.
Ampeon is not affiliated in any way with the Mitsubishi company nor is it acting in any manner as a distributor for the Mitsubishi company. | {
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When Marty Block won election to the state Senate in 2012, his fellow lawmakers immediately recognized him as one of the most respected voices on higher education in the Legislature. The senator from San Diego spent most of his professional career in the halls of academia — as a professor, a dean and a legal advisor at San Diego State University. During an academic career spanning 26 years, Block received "outstanding" faculty awards five times.
After two distinguished terms representing the 78th Assembly District and chairing the Assembly Higher Education Committee, Block was elected in the 39th Senate District to represent nearly one million constituents in San Diego, La Jolla, Coronado, Del Mar, and Solana Beach. In the Senate Block chaired the Banking Committee and the Senate Education Budget Subcommittee. He also chaired the Legislative Jewish Caucus.
A Chicago-area native, Block received his BA degree in political science and education at Indiana University and then a law degree from DePaul University. After directing the Office of Student Legal Services at Western Illinois University for two years, he moved west to San Diego State University, where he founded the National Higher Education Law and Policy Institute. Upon his retirement, Block was presented with the university's Distinguished Service Award.
Before winning a seat in the Assembly in 2008, Block served eight years as a trustee on the San Diego County Board of Education and eight years as president of the San Diego County Community College District board. He also served as statewide president of the California County Boards of Education and as a San Diego Superior Court Judge pro Tem.
Senator Block's Legislator of the Year and civic awards reflect his legislative emphases. These include recognition from the California School Boards Association, the California Teachers Association, the California Community Colleges Board of Governors, the California Community Colleges Baccalaureate Association, the Association of Independent California Colleges and Universities, the Faculty Association of California Community Colleges, the California Federation of Teachers, the California Association for Postsecondary Education and Disability, the California American Legion, Crime Victims United of California, the Chief Probation Officers of California, the Junior Leagues of California, the California March of Dimes, Democrats for Israel, the Jewish Public Affairs Committee of California, the California Judges Council, the Consumer Attorneys of California, and numerous other organizations.
Block was appointed to a four year term as Chair of the California Unemployment Insurance Appeals Board by Governor Jerry Brown on December 5th, 2016. He has lived in the San Diego region for more than 36 years and currently resides in La Jolla. | {
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Alvin Lo is currently the overseas operations manager of Xiamen Qingci Digital. An expert in mapping out game walkthroughs for others, Lo has posted several well-received projects, including walkthroughs for popular games such as New Tianshang Bei (新天上碑), Internet Sango (網路三國), and Heroes of Jin Yong (金庸群俠傳). His walkthrough website created especially for the game New Tianshang Bei became so commonly-known that it's now considered a shrine that all players of the game must visit at least once. Alvin became part of the game industry in 2003, accumulating experience through creating PC games, browser games, and most recently mobile games. He specializes operation and localization strategies for game products, as well as adjusting gameplay balancing and planning online/offline/real-life events. He is currently the strategic leader of operations and marketing for the mobile game Gumballs & Dungeons in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Macau.
It might be hard to believe that Gumballs & Dungeons, a game in the less-popular roguelike genre, has become so widely loved in Taiwan, gaining over 400,000 players in the first six months after its release and overwhelmingly positive reviews in app stores and the major ACG website Bahamut (Gamer.com). This is considered extremely successful for a small development & operation team, which has naturally faced many trials and challenges throughout the process of creating and marketing G&D.
The development process was a difficult one, with much time and effort invested in improving and optimizing core features and planning localization and marketing strategies. How can a tiny team with limited resources promote its roguelike game, a genre that is not really newbie-friendly, and find acceptance in the mainstream market? This talk will be centered on the Chinese version of G&D and experiences concerning the development process, core designs, and marketing strategies. The team aims to provide a sort of reference for other developers, in order to help create a multitude of new possibilities for Taiwan's gaming industry. | {
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Hanoi (VNS/VNA) –The PetroVietnam Power Corporation (PV Power), the country's second-biggest power provider, will offer 20 percent of its total shares for sale at an initial public offering (IPO) in December.
The member company of the Vietnam Oil and Gas Group (PVN) will also sell 29 percent of its capital to strategic investors.
Under a previous IPO plan published in April, the company said it would sell 4 percent of shares at the IPO and 45 percent to strategic investors to receive 600-700 million USD.
The previous plan also stated that the IPO would be conducted in August 2017 and the private offering for strategic investors would be completed this year.
The company also expected to raise its ratio of shares for sale up to 60 percent if approved by the Government.
PV Power has constantly re-scheduled its IPO plan. In June 2016, the company planned to hold its IPO in October the same year and unload a quarter of the State's ownership.
According to HCM City Securities Corporation, the company's decision to raise the number of shares for IPO sale could stem from the fact that State-owned businesses have failed to offload all the shares they offered to strategic investors. Individual investors were far more interested in IPO shares and the number of their placed orders exceeded the number of shares offered by the companies.
According to analysts, there are several reasons that have made State-owned company IPOs unattractive to strategic investors.
First, those companies conducted their IPOs when market demand was not high, leading to low purchases of their shares. Second, institutional investors were hesitant to purchase shares in those companies because the Government still held the controlling stake in the businesses after it was equitised.
In addition, the auction prices offered at the IPOs did not match investor expectations while the management boards of some firms were afraid of becoming transparent and accountable.
In the latest IPO plan, posted on the company's website last week, PV Power had 21.7 trillion VND in charter capital and was valued at 60.6 trillion VND on December 31, 2015.
PV Power is currently the second-biggest power provider in Vietnam, supplying 12 percent of the country's total electricity production with seven power plants producing total output of 4.2 gigawatts.
The company last year produced 21,156 billion kWh, earning 26.5 trillion VND in revenue and 1.6 trillion VND in post-tax profit. | {
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It is true that in most of the cases, love happens in the most strange ways. It seems that the same has happend with our desi girl. Rumors were already there that Priyanka chopra was engaged to Nick Jonas.
This news gets more confirmed by the fact that Priyanka Chopra has backed out of the film with Salman khan Bharat. It is stated that Nick proposed Priyanka when they both were celebrating Priyanakas 36th birthday. Rumors are that this couple would get married this October.
MAKE MONEY ONLINE- Easies ways.!!
#1O1 Best & Latest Small BUSINESS IDEAS 2019 (Proven Methods) Earn Now.!! | {
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The Spanner Lounger Chair by Gus Modern was originally created in 1950 by Russell Spanner and has become a classic of Canadian Mid-Century Modern furniture design. Out of production for more than 50 years, Gus* worked in collaboration with the Spanner family to revive this iconic chair, carefully matching the construction, materials, and design details to stay true to the original in every way. The seat is woven strapping, and the frame is solid birch with exposed bolts and finger-joint details. Like the original, the Lounge Chair with Arms is built in Toronto and available in a variety of finishes.
21.5"w x 24"d x 29.5"h, seat height 16.5" | {
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How does society view sex workers?
Home / More / News / How does society view sex workers?
Society's views of sex workers are often misunderstood and connected to sex trafficking, new research has found.
University of Sunderland student Chantelle Forrest's Inequality and Society Master's dissertation examined the confusion of sex trafficking with sex work and how this impacted on public opinions of the sex work industry.
The research saw 96 participants completing a survey regarding their understanding of what sex work and sex trafficking is.
Chantelle explained: "This information was analysed to draw findings that both fit with and contest popular sex work and trafficking theorem. The main takeaway from the study is the power that language holds when looking at such taboo topics within academic research.
Chantelle Forrest
"Whilst many participants were not meaning to conflate sex work with sex trafficking, the nuance within their language served to uphold negative stereotypes regarding who is involved in either industry.
"Another finding from the research surrounded the inability to acknowledge sex work as viable employment, which is indicative of the large amount of work needed for individuals in the industry to overcome stigma and secure professional legitimacy."
Chantelle added: "I think the main take away from my dissertation would be to acknowledge that not everything that is seen, is all that is there."
Recommendations from Chantelle's research, include the need for further education about sex work and the need for policy reform in this area.
Findings from the dissertation, supervised by Dr Helen Williams, will now form the basis of Chantelle's PhD, looking at how public opinions on sex workers impacts the workers themselves in different facets of their working and personal lives.
Dr Sarah Lonbay, Inequality and Society Module Leader, and Associate Professor of Social Sciences and Engagement, said: "Students studying on the Master's programme undertake research on a range of topics of relevance to understanding and addressing inequalities in society.
"The dissertation allows students an opportunity to gain mastery in their understanding and analysis of social inequality/ inequalities and I'm really proud of the exceptional work that they complete."
Chantelle, 24, from South Shields, who chose to study the Master's after gaining her First-Class Sociology Degree from Sunderland, says: "My experience on the Inequality and Society Master's has been life changing. It solidified my passion for fighting inequalities and equipped me with the tools to put that into practical application in the future.
"Alongside this, it was a very enjoyable and necessary step in what will hopefully be a long academic career teaching sociology at a Higher Education/Further Education level."
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Mental health central to new midwifery degree | {
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At least 200 rioting Palestinian Arabs rampaged through Jewish vineyards and violently attacked Jewish residents at the Samarian community of Esh Kodesh on Saturday.
Local residents said that after destroying much of the vineyards, the rioters came very close to entering the Jewish community. The local security team fired into the air to hold off the assault until Israeli army forces could arrive and disperse the rioters.
By the end of the melee, 12 local Jews had been injured.
Jewish residents said the attack, which had clearly been organized, was so successful because Israeli authorities recently ruled that Palestinians could work a disputed field adjacent to community, despite local protests.
Esh Kodesh is situated near and is part of a bloc with the Jewish settlement of Shilo, which in biblical times served as the capital of Israel for the 369 years prior to the conquest of Jerusalem. | {
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User Details: My 87 year old husband is a cancer patient and I desperately needed these for his hospital bed. Much nicer and softer than "twin size" in any store.
Strengths: The softness and perfect fit. Easy to change out bed with more than one "set". Glad I purchased them. He finds them very comfortable.
Weaknesses: NO WEAKNESS IN PRODUCT! Expert customer service "fixed the error" in my shipment in a most timely manner; only one phone call required. High marks to STAFF! So glad I found you online. Highly recommend. | {
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} |
Q: A contradiction hidden in the definition of the probability of the intersection of events? Consider a set $C$ composed of three distinguishable kinds of elements $A,B,G$, and let $\alpha,\beta,\gamma>0$ be the numbers of elements of each kind, and $|C|=c=\alpha+\beta+\gamma$.
We define the three events $L_n^A, L_n^B, L_n^G$ as to get, in $n$ trials with replacement, at least one element of kind $A$, at least one element of kind $B$, and at least one element of kind $G$.
The probabilities of these events are $$P(L_n^A)=1-\left(\frac{c-\alpha}{c}\right)^n=1-\left(\frac{\beta+\gamma}{c}\right)^n, $$
$$P(L_n^B)=1-\left(\frac{c-\beta}{c}\right)^n=1-\left(\frac{\alpha+\gamma}{c}\right)^n,$$
$$
P(L_n^G)=1-\left(\frac{c-\gamma}{c}\right)^n=1-\left(\frac{\alpha+\beta}{c}\right)^n.
$$
We evaluate $P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B)$. By definition of conditional probability and applying the property of the opposite event, we have
$$
P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B)=P(L_n^A|L_n^B)P(L_n^B)=[1-P(\overline{L_n^A}|L_n^B)]P(L_n^B)=P(L_n^B)-P(\overline{L_n^A}|L_n^B)P(L_n^B).
$$
By means of Bayes' theorem, $P(\overline{L_n^A}|L_n^B)P(L_n^B)=P(L_n^B|\overline{L_n^A})P(\overline{L_n^A})$. If we know that the event $L_n^A$ did not take place, all the $n$ extractions are either of kind $B$ or of kind $G$. Therefore, $P(L_n^B|\overline{L_n^A})=1-\left(\frac{\beta+\gamma-\beta}{\beta+\gamma}\right)^n=1-\left(\frac{\gamma}{\beta+\gamma}\right)^n$.
In conclusion, since $P(\overline{L_n^A})=\left(\frac{\beta+\gamma}{c}\right)^n$, we obtain
$$
P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B)=P(L_n^B)-P(\overline{L_n^A}|L_n^B)P(L_n^B)=P(L_n^B)-P(L_n^B|\overline{L_n^A})P(\overline{L_n^A})=
$$
$$
=1-\left(\frac{\alpha+\gamma}{c}\right)^n-\left[1-\left(\frac{\gamma}{\beta+\gamma}\right)^n\right]\left(\frac{\beta+\gamma}{c}\right)^n=
$$
$$
=1-\left(\frac{\alpha+\gamma}{c}\right)^n-\left(\frac{\beta+\gamma}{c}\right)^n+\left(\frac{\gamma}{c}\right)^n.
$$
We notice that if $n=0$ (or $n=1$), then we correctly have $P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B)=0$.
We now evaluate $P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B\cap L_n^G)$. As we have done before, we find
$$
P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B\cap L_n^G)=P(L_n^G|L_n^A\cap L_n^B)P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B),
$$
which implies that,
for $n=0$, it must also be $P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B\cap L_n^G)=0$.
We go on with the calculation of $P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B\cap L_n^G)$, and we apply (again) first the definition of opposite event
$$
P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B\cap L_n^G)=P(L_n^G|L_n^A\cap L_n^B)P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B)=[1-P(\overline{L_n^G}|L_n^A\cap L_n^B)]P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B)=
$$
$$
=P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B)-P(\overline{L_n^G}|L_n^A\cap L_n^B)P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B),
$$
and then the theorem of Bayes on the second term
$$
P(\overline{L_n^G}|L_n^A\cap L_n^B)P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B)=P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B|\overline{L_n^G})P(\overline{L_n^G}).
$$
If we know that event $L_n^G$ does not take place, the probability to get at least one element of kind $A$ and at least one element of kind $B$ is
$$
P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B|\overline{L_n^G})=1-\left(\frac{\alpha}{\alpha+\beta}\right)^n-\left(\frac{\beta}{\alpha+\beta}\right)^n.
$$
Therefore, since $P(\overline{L_n^G})=\left(\frac{\alpha+\beta}{c}\right)^n$,
$$
P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B\cap L_n^G)=P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B)-P(\overline{L_n^G}|L_n^A\cap L_n^B)P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B)=P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B)-P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B|\overline{L_n^G})P(\overline{L_n^G})=
$$
$$
=1-\left(\frac{\alpha+\gamma}{c}\right)^n-\left(\frac{\beta+\gamma}{c}\right)^n+\left(\frac{\gamma}{c}\right)^n-\left(\frac{\alpha+\beta}{c}\right)^n+\left(\frac{\alpha}{c}\right)^n+\left(\frac{\beta}{c}\right)^n.
$$
If we now substitute $n=0$ in this expression we obtain $P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B\cap L_n^G)=1$,
which is in contradiction with what we observed before, i.e. that $P(L_n^A\cap L_n^B\cap L_n^G)=0$ with $n=0$.
There is likely a mistake in this reasoning, but I am not able to spot it.
Thanks for your help!
A: There are a couple of problems that I can see.
*
*You're using Bayes' theorem when the event conditioned on has probability $0$, but Bayes' theorem does not necessarily hold in that case.
*In some cases your formulae are only valid for $n\geq 1$. For example, you calculate the probability that you get at least one each of A and B conditional on having no G as $1$ minus the probability of getting $n$ As, minus the probability of getting $n$ Bs. This assumes that these events are disjoint - that you can't get $n$ As and $n$ Bs - which is only true for $n\geq 1$. (Indeed, your formula gives a negative probability when $n=0$.)
| {
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Had a narrow escape. Bike's tire got punctured near township's compound wall on the highway side while I and Pappa were returning home. Was very difficult to control the bike which had speed of around 40-45kmph. If a truck or other large vehicle were behind us then it would have surely caused a mishap. | {
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} |
EnGedi, the overall winner of Conference & Wedding Venue MESE 2012 West Rand Tourism Awards is an oasis peacefully tucked away in The Cradle of Humankind. The EnGedi Bistro recently underwent a face-lift and offers casually elegant dining committed to delivering a delicious outcome. Overlooking lush gardens, its country wooden deck coupled with a backdrop view of a picturesque mountain range is a captivating experience for food lovers.
Using the freshest locally-grown ingredients, our Bistro serves wholesome dishes in a country style. We offer something for everyone. Children can create their own pizza while mom and dad relax and enjoy a light meal. Open from Wednesday to Sunday. On Sundays we serve our signature Oasis breakfast and a six course buffet lunch in a relaxed Al Fresco style. | {
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The Postcard Killers by James Patterson and Liza Marklund is not a typical thriller. The riveting prologue sets the stage for promises the book is quick to deliver. Patterson's penchant for unusually short chapters, which read more like scenes, propels the story forward with precision and expert pacing.
Most serial killings have a distinctive pattern. So it is with this atypical story, one that baffles police all across Europe, including NYPD policeman, Jacob Kannon. Kannon's interest is personal. The love of his life, his daughter, Kimmy, and her newlywed husband, are among the slaughtered victims. Catching the killer is the only thing keeping Kannon from blowing his brains out to put an end to his intense grief.
None of the cities in the wide array of European countries will accept the American policeman's help in solving these crimes—except for Stockholm, Sweden. Reporter Dessie Larsson gets the usual postcard, followed by grotesque Polaroid pictures of the first victims in Sweden. While Swedish investigators, Mats Duvall and Gabriella Oscarsson—the latter Dessie's former lover—are not happy about it, they realize they need all the help they can get.
Jacob has a strong sense that the case will be solved and presses Dessie to answer the postcard, offering the senders a huge sum of money for an interview. Dessie, hesitant, agrees, only if the often drunk and hung over Kannon will shower, shave, and change his clothing—but even through the filth she finds herself mesmerized by his sapphire-blue eyes and thick dark hair.
To her horror, two more victims are found dead, posed much like all the rest, and Dessie feels responsible. Yet, in this and ensuing murders, something is different—not quite right. On a positive note, the killers, now presumed to be two people, are getting careless and are caught on camera at one of the crime scenes: a dark-haired woman and a fair-haired man. Patterson's serial killers are like none ever known and just when the reader thinks the plot is headed one way, he throws a curve ball, sending the story off in new and different directions, aided by the deftly subtle Marklund, who adds her own feminine and European expertise to the writing.
Sylvia and Mac, lovers and twins, are brazen enough to turn themselves over to the police and do interviews, to prove that, in spite of the resemblance, they are innocent. It's difficult to believe these charming siblings are capable of the carnage done to the victims. And they are set free.
Patterson, whose writing is reminiscent of Hemingway's in its sophistry, occasionally inserts foreign sentences into the book, not always decipherable by the reader, but not enough to disrupt the flow of the story. Most times, but laboriously, the translation can be figured out by the content of the situation. The writing, generally fast-moving and entertaining, has some sentences that don't make sense or offer appropriate imagery.
But the only true flaw to this book is that it has to come to an end. James Patterson, teamed with widely acclaimed writer, Liza Marklund, is likely to catapult this novel into his best received yet.
Micki Peluso is a journalist for three major newspapers, a short story writer, and author of . . . And The Whippoorwill Sang, a humorous family memoir. | {
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If you have any concerns regarding the safety and wellbeing of a child please contact: Essex Social Care 0345 603 7627 NSPCC 0808 800 5000. For adult safeguarding concerns, please contact: Social Care Direct 0345 6037630. If you believe someone is in immediate danger, dial 999.
Grafton Surgery has a statutory duty of care towards children (Section 11 Children Act 2004) and young people at risk. Grafton Surgery is committed to a best practice which safeguards children and young people irrespective of their background, and which recognises that a child may be abused regardless of their age, gender, religious beliefs, racial origin or ethnic identity, culture class, disability of sexual orientation.
Grafton Surgery is committed to safeguarding children, young people at risk and have a responsibility to ensure that their practice staff know what to do if they encounter child or adult abuse or have concerns that they may be at risk of harm.
The practice is committed to working within agreed policies and procedures and in partnership with other agencies to ensure that the risk of harm to a child or young person are minimised. This work may include direct and indirect contact with children, (access to patient's details, communication via email, text message/phone). | {
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This page gives you an idea of values for colours to use with attributes such as bgcolor. In the past you had to just use the hexadecimal RGB codes which are still in use. However with the HTML standard v4.0. The colour name option became available for 16 colours shown below.
Modern browsers also support an extended color name set based on the X windows system. This defines several hundred colours. | {
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} |
Lingfield's 10 furlong 3 year old maiden brings our first bet of the day, and the David Simcock trained Ragner looks a worthy favourite in an interesting event. The son of New Approach shaped with definite promise when finishing second on debut, and with that experience under his belt, he really should be able to go one better.
David Simcock has a moderate strike rate with his first time out 3 year olds. They are rarely fully wound up at the first time of asking, and if they are half fancied, they are normally strong in the betting. Ragner went off an unfancied 15.0 shot, and put in an eye-catching performance over what was, in reality, too sharp a trip (8 furlongs). He wasn't knocked about that day, and although beaten 5 lengths by the winner, suggested that he would be one to follow next time out. The step up in trip and racecourse experience could prove invaluable, and he would have a great chance even based on the bare form of the debut run.
There are a few interesting newcomers, and a more experienced rival in the form of the John Gosden trained Cachao. Thrice raced, the son of New Approach has disappointed so far, and connections reach for the blinkers. Could have the desired effect, but bare form isn't great and horse clearly has a mind of his own.
Jamie Spencer rides our first selection for David Simcock, and the pair team up again several hours later and a couple of hours north at Dunstall Park, Wolverhampton. Their 4 year old High Chaparral gelding was very unlucky in defeat last time out and his come from behind style is perfect for Spencer, who loves to ride horses patiently.
After a surprise debut success (at odds of 25/1 26.00 +2500 25.00 25.00 -0.04 ), Glan Y Gors didn't really go on, and he was tried over a variety of trips. Was stepped up to 2miles last time out and the hood was reapplied. It seems to have a positive effect and the horse travelled very smoothly, before being stuck behind a wall of runners as the race unfolded. With a clear run it would be very difficult to argue that he would not have won that day, and although the gelding is 3lbs higher, he still remains unexposed and well handicapped over staying distances.
Spencer can sit and wait and make the drive north worthwhile. | {
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Computer crashes and other difficulties can certainly be caused by a failing or overtaxed power supply, but there are other places to look first.
We have a 400w power supply in our 80G computer and lately it crashes and tries to continually restart when I have appliances connected, ie printer, video machine for copying dvd's, speakers etc. I can only run the screen and hard drive at present and the noises coming from the hard drive sound to me like it is really struggling. We have a lot of software loaded and our problems really started when I loaded the last software for my new samsung phone and a new digital camera. I've been to a computer shop and other than costing a small fortune, told me there was nothing wrong with my computer. I've had an electrician in and he's checked everything is okay but asked about the power for the computer. What I would like to know is what would be the best size wattage to upgrade to, ie would 500 or 550 watts be sufficient or try to go bigger. And finally, is this a job easy enough to do ourselves or do we need a computer tech to do it for us. Finding a decent computer tech is not easy! Another problem seems to be turbo lister (ebay software) - when I go into turbo lister that's when I also encounter problems, ie my computer seems to freeze - could this also be related to insufficient power?
You've got a lot going on, and unfortunately that means that the answers aren't going to be clear. Yes, it all might be power supply related, but in all honesty that's not where I'd start.
I'd start with a concept called "software rot".
In a perfect world, we could all add and remove software, add more software, make configuration changes and undo those changes and all would be well.
After a while, where "a while" depends on how you use your computer and what kinds of software we're talking about, computers get unstable. It just happens. It shouldn't, but years of experience show that, in practice is just does. It's come to be known as "software rot".
Typically, for average users that time is measured in years. In fact, it's often long enough that the computer has been replaced or repaired for some other reason before it really becomes a problem, so you'd never notice.
"After a while ... computers get unstable. It just happens."
In my case, each of my more heavily used machines lasts about two years before I have to deal with it.
Given how you've described your computer and it's age as implied by the 80gig hard drive, it's the first thing that came to mind. In particular, the fact that things seemed to get worse when some software was installed really points to a software, not a hardware, related problem.
Back up. Back up your computer. That means making a backup copy of all your data, all the programs, everything. Back it up to an external hard drive, DVDs, CDs or even another computer on a local network, but back it up.
Reformat. This erases everything on the hard drive. Typically, it's most easily done as part of the next step.
Reinstall Windows. Using your original install CDs, reinstall Windows from scratch. The installation program should offer you the option of reformatting the hard disk prior to installing, which is my suggestion.
Update Windows. Windows Update should be the first place you visit. (I highly recommend you get behind a router prior to connecting to the internet, or at a minimum make sure that the Windows firewall is enabled.
Restore data. This depends on how you use your computer, but copy off your data files - documents, pictures, what have you - from wherever else they are stored, or copy them from the backup you took in the first step.
Yes, this is painful, but it's by far the best way to make sure that you have a clean and healthy system. As I said, I find myself doing it every couple of years. Your timing will most certainly vary.
Let's look at some of the other items from the original question.
"...crashes and tries to continually restart when I have appliances connected, ie printer, video machine..." this actually points away from the power supply. Most of these types of devices supply their own power; you'll know, because you had to plug them in separately. This actually points more towards software, as in problems caused by the drivers or software attempting to control these devices, even when not actively in use.
"... what would be the best size wattage to upgrade to?" I'm not saying that this is, or is not the problem. My initial gut feeling is that the problem is elsewhere, but even so a faulty or dying power supply can also manifest with symptoms similar to what you describe. Exactly what you need depends on exactly what's installed in the computer itself (not connected to, but actually installed inside). If you haven't added any hardware to the computer itself, in all honesty 400 watts could be plenty. However, there's no harm in having more, so when replacing a power supply I typically suggest getting the next step up. 500 watts is good. If you plan to add more hardware (like internal disk drives and the like) feel free to go bigger if you like.
"... is this a job easy enough to do ourselves ..." That's a loaded question, because of course I think it's easy for most people to do so, but about that time someone comes along, takes that advice and completely messes it up. So if the thought of opening your computer, disconnecting some plugs, unscrewing the box that is the power supply, and then reversing that process exactly sounds OK to you, then it may well be. If you're comfortable replacing a power outlet or light switch in your home, then I think a power supply is within your reach. But only you can decide if you're "most people".
But absolutely, positively - backup your machine first.
Could my power supply be causing memory errors? Computer power supplies can fail, and not always in sudden and obvious ways. Failures can be gradual, and can manifest in many different ways.
Referring to your advice/answers/suggestions on the topic of "Crashing and the Replacement of Power Supply.....". I have re-installed OS a number of times and mostly follow your list, but I do have a question here.
If you are doing a complete back-up (e.g. settings, programs, data, etc) why should you need to install apps from original source? With my last Recovery, I did not restore the complete backup, but only the BU of files and folders overlaying that with a few changed and new files in the time interval just after BU but before Recovery. This leads to my second question; In your topics to do after Recovery you state to copy specific files from the BU. I believe in the program I'm using (A Sonic/Roxio) I'm under the obligation that I can only Restore what was backed-up and can't pick and choose. Am I wrong?
If you do a complete, full, backup and restore of everything, then you are correct, you need not reinstall anything. Just remember that if your problem is software, not hardware, related, then the problem may be in your backups as well.
I'm not familiar with the backup program you're using, but most allow you to pick and choose individual files from a backed up image. In fact, I wouldn't use a backup program that didn't allow me to do that.
It should be noted that the wattage of a power supply can be misleading. Often the �500 watts� or �650� watts is a peak wattage and the PSU is not designed and will not run at the stated wattage. Also, more important is the current rating (as in electrical current- not how it�s rated now!) on the rails, particularly the 12 volt rail. Minimum 18 amps on the 12v rail, better 20+.
It starts to get a bit technical, but I would advise getting someone a with some knowledge if you are considering a new power supply. Or �google� �buying a power supply�. There are lots of sites dedicated to the subject.
YES!!! it IS the power supply but not necessarily a faulty one. Unfortunately you may have a power supply that DOES NOT put out the rated [ stated ] power. HD's have a habit of struggling with power supply's that are pushing themselves to the limit. If you have several HD's and only ONE falters,[ not just the boot drive ] that can cause a reboot since the system is monitoring all drives and thinks something has failed. I solved this problem [ 12 HD's running ] by connecting another PS outside the box and powering half the drives with it. Problem solved.
I started having the same problem earlier this year -- I couldn't plug either my digital camera or my iPod (both USB) without my computer rebooting. If I didn't remove the USB, it would boot only so far before rebooting again.
I took it in to MicroCenter and they were thinking it was the motherboard. I asked them to check the power supply, and they plugged in a test power supply. My problems stopped. So they installed a new, more powerful, power supply. No problems since then.
Having a similar? problem. My PC with a Soltek MB and P4 CPU began not to boot, no beep. Some times resetting helped plus "load previous settings" in BIOS. Replacing the battery (which was low, 1.13V) plus resetting CMOS by jumper helped for a while, but the troubles kept on. At last no beep at all, no video output.
I have been told: MB- or power sply-failure.
Trying another power sup. did not help, so I say MB-failure, sounds reasonable?
From the beginning the MB has suffered from an unusual behaviour: when turned on, it stopped for a couple of seconds, then woke up and went on. So maybe replacing some capacitors might cure it?
Wish some advice before throwing it out.
To see if a mother board can be causing a problem that looks as if a power supply is causing the problem. look at the capacitors on the mother board the tops of them should be FLAT and not bulged. if caps are bulged that will cause the mother board to act as if it is not getting required power from the mother board. this is a common problem in older mother boards, replace them. | {
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Having spent the past year studying the concept of 'mindset' (…and if I am honest it becoming somewhat of an obsession) I wanted to write a very brief blog on the concept of a 'growth mindset'. I am convinced that our success both personally and organisationally will rely more and more on our individual and collective mindset.
We have an exciting future ahead of us with constant change and technological advancement, but our way of working will shift dramatically – new jobs will emerge and old ones disappear. We need to embrace this and embody the Darwinian concept of 'it is not the strongest of a species that survives, but those most adaptable to change'. The mastery required by our clients today will not be that of tomorrow.
Carol Dweck (Professor of Psychology at Stanford University) developed the concept of a growth mindset and her initial studies started with children, who see failing as part of learning and entirely normal. These children had what she termed a 'growth mindset'. Their focus was on learning and taking on new challenges. As her research developed over a number of years she identified a significant difference between 'fixed' and 'growth' mindsets and how our tendency towards one or the other can have a significant impact on our ability to succeed.
She noticed that many talented people (generally believing that their talents or levels of intelligence are innate gifts) often develop a fixed mindset over time. Having fostered a self-image of being smart or talented, people will eventually avoid any activity that might challenge their self-view*. This can result in very able people plateauing and never reaching their full potential. Some will have relied on talent alone without hard work, which will only take them so far.
Those with a growth mindset, struggling to take on difficult problem or challenge would not give up, believing that they did not have the skill to do it – 'I can't do this!', but rather on 'I can't do this…..yet'. The 'yet' being an extremely important addition to the statement as they will continue to learn and work hard until they have mastered it.
In an organisational context, the research suggests that when entire companies embrace a growth mindset their employees report feeling far more empowered and committed; they also receive far greater organisational support for collaboration and innovation.
Focus on a handful of star performers – assuming that they are 'naturals' in business. These people are the key to beating the competition.
A 'talent worship' culture forcing employees to feel the need to look and act talented thus forcing them into a fixed mindset. These people then do not correct deficiencies and the company becomes unable to self-correct. Companies who cannot self-correct will not survive in such a fast moving world.
A poor culture where people are trying to gain advantage over others in the talent race.
A controlling management culture which leads to everyone worrying about being judged – innovation and collaboration find it hard to survive due to fear.
Tend to focus on job applicants past credentials and accomplishments rather than valuing their potential, capacity, passion to learn and willingness for hard work. Google have started making such a shift with more of a focus on finding people who are capable independent learners.
In general, research and early evidence suggests that organisations focused on employee's capacity for growth will experience significant advantages.
As stated earlier, our world and industries will change at a rapid rate. Our professionals will need to re-skill many times throughout their career and many of the jobs that our younger generations will move into do not even exist today. Our clients' businesses and needs will adapt and the need for us to collaborate and innovate to solve their most challenging problems will only increase. Whilst we cannot predict exactly what will change, we can ensure that our businesses and people embrace a growth mindset. This will differentiate those firms in the market and create flexible businesses willing to tackle, embrace and thrive on the challenges of the future….after all they create a great learning opportunity.
*in one study, people were given the option of taking two tests. One was explained to them as quite simple and they should achieve a high score. The other test was difficult and no one should expect a high score. Those with a fixed mindset opted for the easy test. Getting a high score was more valuable in reinforcing their self-image of being smart than in the learning available from taking the hard test. Those with a growth mindset opted for the hard test as a pure opportunity to learn and grow. | {
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If after finishing the phase 2 of the Scarsdale diet , check that has not yet reached your desired weight back to phase 1. This cycle, called Slim Fit 180 Two-On and Two-Off, is repeated until each person reach their target weight. There is no need to count calories or weigh food. However, the prescribed plan must be scrupulously respected. The extremely low caloric intake ensures a rapid weight loss. It is a proper weight loss plan for people who need to lose weight fast (for a special occasion: wedding, summer holiday, birthday, etc.). Extend it beyond the time indicated entails lack of nutrients to the body. | {
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Steve Harvey - Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Harvey
3 days ago · Broderick Stephen Harvey (born January 17, 1957) is an American comedian, television presenter, actor, broadcaster, author, game show host and businessman. He hosts The Steve Harvey Morning Show, Family Feud, Family Feud's Big Money Tournament, Celebrity Family Feud, the Miss Universe competition (since 2015) and Fox's New Year's Eve (since 2017).
Occupation: Comedian, television presenter, broadcaster, actor, author, businessman
Education: Glenville High School
The Steve Harvey Show - Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Steve_Harvey_Show
6 days ago · Steve Hightower (Steve Harvey) is a 1970s funk legend who is now a music teacher/vice principal at Booker T. Washington High School on Chicago 's West Side. Budget cutbacks meant Steve also had to teach drama and art, much to his surprise. Cedric Robinson (Cedric the Entertainer) is a coach at the high school, and Steve's longtime best friend.
No. of seasons: 6
No. of episodes: 122 (list of episodes)
Original release: August 25, 1996 –, February 17, 2002
Original network: The WB
List of comedy films of the 2020s - Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_comedy_films_of...
2 days ago · A list of comedy films originally released in the 2020s. Often there may be considerable overlap particularly between comedy and other genres (including, teen, romance, drama, animation, and action); the list should attempt to document films which are more closely related to comedy, even if they bend genres.
List of horror films of the 2020s - Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_horror_films_of...
4 days ago · A list of Horror film originally released in the 2020s. Often there may be considerable overlap particularly between horror and other genres (including, thriller, suspense, slasher, and sci-fi); the list should attempt to document films which are more closely related to horror, even if they bend genres.
it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Harvey
4 days ago · Steve Harvey, nome d'arte di Broderick Stephen Harvey (Welch, 17 gennaio 1957), è un conduttore televisivo, conduttore radiofonico, comico e produttore televisivo statunitense. È noto soprattutto come conduttore del programma radiofonico The Steve Harvey Morning Show e delle trasmissioni televisive Steve Harvey, Family Feud e Little Big Shots.
List of drama films of the 2020s - Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_drama_films_of_the...
2 days ago · This is a list of drama films of the 2020s 2020. Title ... Marco d'Almeida, Joana Ribeiro, Harvey Keitel ... Bel Powley, Maude Apatow, Steve Buscemi: ...
2020 in music - Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_in_music
4 days ago · Alex Harvey, 73, American country singer-songwriter; 5 – Barry Allen, 74, Canadian rock musician and record producer (death announced on this date) 6. M. K. Arjunan, 84, Indian film composer; Black the Ripper, 32, British grime rapper; 7. Betty Bennett, 98, American jazz and big band singer; Hutch Davie, 89, American pianist, arranger and ...
List of past Hollyoaks characters - Wikipedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_past_Hollyoaks...
3 days ago · Below is a list of past characters in long-running Channel 4 soap opera Hollyoaks.They are in order of years of their last appearance. For present characters see List of Hollyoaks characters.
Harvey – Wikipedia
de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvey
3 days ago · Lenford Harvey (Steve Harvey; † 2005), jamaikanischer Sozialarbeiter Lerry Harvey (* 1948), US-amerikanischer Begründer des Festivals Burning Man Leslie Harvey (1944–1972), schottischer Rock-Gitarrist
Steven Universe - Wikipedia
nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven_Universe
Jan 07, 2021 · 2020s: We Baby Bears · Unicorn: Warriors Eternal: Adult Swim: Harvey Birdman, Attorney at Law · Black Dynamite · Samurai Jack (seizoen 5) · Primal JJ Villard's Fairy Tales: HBO Max: Summer Camp Island (seizoen 2-3) · Tijd voor Avontuur: Verre landen · Close Enough · Tig n' Seek · Infinity Train (seizoen 3) · The Fungies! Overige:
2020s wikipedia steven harvey weinstein steven harvey arts
2020s wikipedia steven harvey keitel steven harvey artist
2020s wikipedia steven harvey oswald steven harvey fine art projects
2020s wikipedia steven harvey net worth steven harvey fine arts | {
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I just picked up the Mathews solo cam Creed at sportsmans Outpost. Im pretty new to archery and the only other bow i have to compare it to was the 15 year old Martin i started learning on. So even though its not the best of the best, its a Ferarri to me. I will say though, after a few shots with my brothers obsession, i think im switching to a single pin sight. Boy i cant wait to fling an arrow out of a tree. This will be my first year actually hunting with a bow. Last year i didnt feel that i had enough practice and didnt want to have a bad shot so i didnt try. But this year......oh yeah, im ready.
Ordered a new Obsession Defcon M6 in 60lb, 27.5" draw length in Realtree Extra green camo last week. Paired it up with a Trophy Taker Smackdown pro rest and an Axcel AccuTouch HD Single-Pin Bow Sight. This is my first new bow and I am going with all made in USA products. I also Shot the Bowtech BTX and that was a nice bow but liked the looks of the Obsession more. | {
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The 2014 WSOP Main Event Champion has been crowned, Martin Jacobson Swedish poker pro celebrates his victory today as he is presented with a WSOP bracelet and $10 million for first place prize.
Jacobson was dominating the field of players as a chip leader from the first day of the World Series of Poker Main Event. He was the 2nd shortest stack when players returned for the final table on November 10th.
Although Jorryt Van Hoof was the chip leader for most of the 2014 WSOP Main Event final table, he was the first of the final three players to get sent to the rail.
Martin Jacobson was up against Felix Stephensen in an hour long heads-up battle in which he managed to beat his Norwegian opponent.
The final three players of the 2014 World Series of Poker Main Event were all European poker players but at the end of the day Sweden took home the gold for the first time.
The final hand of the tournament Martin Jacobson held a rather relevant hand with pocket tens which turned into a set of the flop. The irony is that the 2014 WSOP was celebrating their tenth year at the Rio Casino and had offered a $10 million first place prize as part of the celebration.
"This is what I played for, this is all the mattered to me," commented Martin Jacobson after receiving his bracelet and title as the 2014 WSOP Main Event Champion.
"I played close to perfect, maybe, I don't think there's anything such as a perfect tournament, since you will always make some errors here or there. But I eliminated most of my mistakes, and played pretty well overall."
The 2014 WSOP Main Event Champion is just 27 years old and is a Swedish born poker pro who has since relocated to London.
Another crazy incident of defying odds on the Final table was Mark Newhouse's story, the first back-to-back November Nine finalist.
Newhouse returned to the final table with an average chip stack but was the first player to be eliminated. His ninth place finish in two consecutive years defies all odds and the chances of that happening is something like 42 million to 1. | {
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Every occasionally, right after days of difficulty sleeping, you adopt a half - it feels so competent to have a full night's sleep, even if it IS drug-induced. But then this horror occur ' 'rebound insomnia' --- when it suddenly reduces and in fact makes your trouble worse. However, when Sam's doctors refused to help remedy him with Zolpidem, his fianc. As such, Ambien is just about the first line insomnia treatment in America.
Zolpidem is much better known by its trade name of Ambien. So what then are the existing insomnia treatments without side effects. Tila Tequila will show up on Celebrity Rehab 4 as reported at Radar - Online.
Amnesia, anxiety and also other neuro-psychiatric symptoms may occur unpredictably. There happen to be news cases when Ambien was given as being a defense to actions, because of the altered state of awareness. These tend not to seem to be as prevalent since the other unwanted side effects. Sleep disorders can sometimes include insomnia, complex sleep behavior, and excessive sleepiness during day time.
Ambien or Sonota generally is a good choice to help regulate sleep ahead of time, which enable it to be easily discontinued for most cases. I know several people who take this extremely effective drug on a daily basis with doctor approval, whilst they in fact don't have medical conditions that necessitate the use in the drug. If you might have used entrainment for sleep induction before, you understand how annoying trying to sleep which has a pair of earphones in might be.
These measures will raise the number of patients shunted into outpatient, home care, and long-term care and the iatrogenic morbidity and mortality may also increase. I didn't mind, only because I usually do not like hospitals whatsoever, so I figured if I could just distribute it wouldn't bother me so much. All stages are important for total quality sleep, but REM and deep sleep are considered key. | {
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A modernized OTA is a key step in addressing Congress's S&T capacity gap
Daniel Schuman Advocacy September 25, 2019 August 28, 2020
by Daniel Schuman and Zach Graves
Last week, bipartisan bicameral legislation was introduced by Reps. Mark Takano (D-CA) and Bill Foster (D-IL), and Sens. Maizie Hirono (D-HI) and Thom Tillis (R-NC), aimed at strengthening Congress's ability to understand science and technology policy issues. (H.R. 4426, S. 2509) We welcome these developments and are encouraged to see ongoing bipartisan support for enhancing Congress's science and technology capacity and expertise.
Congress last had an office focused on providing analytical support on science and technology in the 1990s, then known as the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA). The Tillis-Takano approach is an important first step to modernize how Congress assesses science and technology matters, and builds on the strengths of the OTA model, which includes non-partisanship, wide expertise, and rigorous analysis. It seeks to bring that model up to date through: (1) Developing faster-turnaround products in addition to traditional technology assessments, which took an average of 18 months to produce at OTA; (2) Being more accessible to rank-and-file Members of Congress, as opposed to OTA's focus on serving committees; (3) Developing a strategy to be complementary with GAO's newly expanded Science, Technology Assessment, and Analytics (STAA) team and recently launched Center for Strategic Foresight.
Modernizing OTA is essential because Congress is a very different institution than when OTA existed. Committees are structurally weaker and have fewer specialized policy staff, more resources in general have shifted from policy to communications and constituent services, and there's more polarization particularly around certain issues in this domain. Additionally, congressional staff get information in different ways in the digital era. Instead of competing with physical books and white papers, a revived science and technology assessment entity will be competing with Wikipedia and Google for staffers' attention.
Notably, this legislation was introduced before the release of a congressionally-mandated study by the National Academy of Public Administration on technology assessment and congressional S&T capacity. This study is expected to be finalized on October 31st, 2019. We look forward with interest to that study and where the recommendations between NAPA and legislators overlap. In addition, we encourage the Committee on House Administration (where the House version of this bill was referred) to undertake a new series of hearings on this topic following the NAPA study's release.
Resources on S&T advice for Congress
Article: "Science and Congress," by Adam Keiper. New Atlantis.
White Paper: "Bring in the nerds: Reviving the Office of Technology Assessment," by Kevin Kosar and Zach Graves. R Street Institute.
White Paper: "Rebuilding a technology assessment office in Congress: Frequently asked questions," by Zach Graves. R Street Institute.
Op-Ed: "Want to Shrink Government? Invest in Making Congress Smarter." By Zach Graves and Kevin Kosar. RealClearPolicy.
Op-Ed: "Congress should revive the Office of Technology Assessment," by James Pethokoukis. American Enterprise Institute.
Coalition letter: "Re: Strengthening Legislative Branch Capacity on Science and Technology." Organized by Lincoln Network and Demand Progress.
White Paper: "Congress Needs the Office of Technology Assessment to Keep up with Science and Technology," by Franz Wuerfmannsdobler et al. Bipartisan Policy Center.
Article: "Technical Expertise Is Just the Tip of the Iceberg," by Berin Szoka. Cato Institute.
Hearing Transcript: "Scientific and Technical Advice for the U.S. Congress," Committee on Science, U.S. House of Representatives, 109th Congress, 2nd Session (2006).
"Legislative history of technology assessment," FutureCongress Wiki.
Published September 25, 2019 August 28, 2020
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mHealth Market size was valued over USD 30.2 billion in 2018 and is expected to witness more than 38.0% CAGR from 2019 to 2025.
Growing prevalence of chronic diseases such as high blood pressure, diabetes and cardiac diseases will drive mHealth market growth in the coming years. mHealth technology is viewed as a solution to improve healthcare cost efficiency as healthcare providers seek to maximize their patient outreach while minimizing costs, thus leading to industry growth. Moreover, increasing penetration of tablet and smart phones users and growing need for remote patient monitoring services will boost the market growth in the future.
Growing demand for healthcare information systems and launch of new mobile applications related to mHealth technologies are the factors driving the growth of global market. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), mHealth is the practice of using mobile technologies to support public health and medicine. Hence, ease of access and mobility provided by the application of mHealth offers immense opportunities for the healthcare industry, thereby resulting into more accessible, faster, better, and cheaper healthcare solutions.
Wearble devices segment is estimated to expand at a CAGR of 39.3% over the forecast period. Factors such as effective tracking and maintaining of patient's diet, body movements, and blood glucose levels along with improved diagnosis and treatment of various chronic disease by healthcare experts will drive the market growth during the forecast period.
Remote data collection market segment dominated the industry, accounting for USD 7,887.3 million in 2018. The application of mHealth for remote data collection is on rise due to significant cost savings, and better job satisfaction reported by healthcare providers thereby resulting into greater efficiency and flexibility provided by the technology.
The application of mHealth for disease and epidemic outbreak tracking will grow rapidly at 40.1% during the forecast timeframe. Factors such as ability of mHealth technology to quickly capture and transmit data on chronic disease incidence, that will eventually help in the prevention and containment of outbreaks will boost the market growth in the long run. Disease and epidemic outbreak tracking with the help of mHealth application is being used in various developing countries such as Peru, Rwanda, and India, thereby monitoring the spread of infectious diseases.
Physician segment generated maximum revenue share in the year 2018 with a value of USD 9,097.3 million. Factors such as growing adoption of mHealth by physicians and increasing technological innovations in healthcare industry is driving the market for physicians as an end-use. Moreover, mHealth technology streamlines the healthcare system to a great extent by saving administration time of hospitals and clinics, thereby propelling the market growth.
Patients market segment is expected to experience robust growth at 39.8% over the projection period. Increasing incidence of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases along with growing demand for the use of mobile applications to remain physically fit will drive the market growth amongst the patient population.
U.S. market valued USD 8,057.6 million in the year 2018. Presence of large number patient pool, increased affordability in the country along with favorable government initiatives will boost the market for U.S. mHealth market. Additionally, mHealth results in maximizing healthcare expert's time, productivity, quality, and stimulates greater consumer involvement, thereby potentially decreasing healthcare costs in the U.S.
India market is estimated to expand at a CAGR of 42.7% during the forecast timeframe. Factors such as increasing usage of smartphones and internet among the Indian population, and greater demand for easier and convenient means to receive healthcare solutions will boost the Indian market growth rapidly during the forecast period.
Some of the leading key players include AT&T, Allscripts Healthcare Solutions, mQure, Apple Inc., Samsung Electronics Corporation, Omron HealthCare Inc., Philips healthcare, Bayer Healthcare, Cardionet Inc., LifeWatch AG, Masimo Corporation, Boston Scientific, Sanofi, Qualcomm Inc. and others. These companies have implemented strategic decisions such as mergers, acquisitions and partnerships to expand their product portfolio and geographic reach. Such strategic move will also help in supporting patient's growing demands for convenient and accessible mode of treatment.
mHealth industry is fragmented with number of players capturing major share in the global market. The market is anticipated to grow swiftly due to growing adoption and innovation for providing mHealth solutions, thereby, meeting consumer expectations through latest technology. Various countries are gradually adopting mHealth projects in order to save time and increase cost efficiency, coupled with better health management and information flow, therefore contributing towards the growth of mHealth market. For instance, there are more than 500 mHealth projects operating on a global level with an aim to overcome healthcare challenges around access, cost, and quality. | {
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About CRCC
Dr. Bradley Barrett
Dr. Bradley T. Barrett is in his fifteenth year as Artistic Director with the Chorale Midwest, Chorale Midwest Chamber Singers, Pro Musica Women's Ensemble, and the Chorale Midwest Vocal Jazz Ensemble. Dr. Barrett is a honor graduate from Missouri State University (formerly Southwest Missouri State University) where he received Bachelor's and Master's degrees in voice/choral conducting. He is a summa cum laude graduate of the University of Arizona, where he earned his Doctor of Musical Arts degree in choral conducting and vocal performance. He studied conducting under the tutelage of Dr. Maurice Skones, and Dr. Bruce Chamberlain.
Barrett taught choral music in the public schools for sixteen years, where his students performed at the state, regional, and national levels as well as concert tours throughout Europe and the United States. His high school students consistently held record numbers of I ratings at both district and state music festivals. During his high school teaching career, his choirs performed in such venues as Sacre Coeur, Notre Dame, Saint Chapelle, St. Johns Church, St. James Church-Piccadilly, Westminster Cathedral and St. Giles Cathedral. As a member of the National Association of the Teacher's of Singing, his private students were consistently named state and regional finalists.
While attending the University of Arizona, he conducted the Symphonic choir, the university's premiere undergraduate mixed choral ensemble. In addition, he performed roles in several of the university's Opera Theatre productions, served as opera chorus director, choral assistant for the university-sponsored Community Choir, and vocal soloist for several choral performances/collaborations.
From 2002 – 2009, Dr. Barrett was on faculty at the University of Northern Iowa where he conducted the Varsity Men's Glee Club, UNI Singers, and the Chamber Singers. During that time, he taught undergraduate and graduate choral conducting, choral methods and techniques, graduate history and survey of large choral forms, and graduate administration of the music program. While at UNI, the Chamber Singers auditioned and were selected to participate in the National ACDA Convention held in Miami, Florida (2007). Under his direction, the Varsity Men's Glee Club performed in such venues as: Ruthin Castle, Christ's Church-Dublin, St. Asaph's Cathedral, Sheldonian Theatre, St. Paul's Covent Garden, St. Vitus Cathedral, Lodz Cultural Center, Chapel of Mirrors, St. Kinga's Chapel, and Maria Zaccaria Church.
Barrett often serves as a clinician, adjudicator and director for festivals and competitions throughout the United States, Canada, and Europe. Dr. Barrett recently fulfilled his duties as Interim National Repertoire and Standards Chair for College and University, as well as the ACDA North Central Division Repertoire and Standards Chair for College and University. Prior to that assignment, he served the same organization as ACDA North Central Division Repertoire and Standards Chair for Youth and Student Activities. Dr. Barrett has also served as the Iowa delegate to the board of the National Collegiate Choral Organization. In addition, Barrett had the honor and privilege to serve the Iowa Choral Directors' Association as the Convention Chair for the 2008 Iowa Choral Director's Summer Symposium. He is an active member of the National Association of Teachers of Singing, American Choral Director's Association, Music Educators National Conference, Phi Kappa Phi, and Phi Delta Kappa.
In addition to his artistic responsibilities with Chorale Midwest, Barrett has a very active voice studio of over sixty private students. Just recently, his students have competed and been named as both Regional and National NATS winners. In addition, he is the Coordinator of Music for St. Ludmila's Catholic Church in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. Outside his various musical endeavors, he enjoys showing and raising Percheron and Tennessee Walking horses.
Cedar Rapids, IA 52406 | {
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RAINBOW LANE STUDIOS, INC. has been set up 1/24/2005 in state FL. The current status of the business is Inactive. The RAINBOW LANE STUDIOS, INC. principal adress is 110 W. REYNOLDS ST., STE. 207, PLANT CITY, FL, 33563. Meanwhile you can send your letters to 110 W. REYNOLDS ST., STE 207, PLANT CITY, FL, 33563. The company`s registered agent is WALDEN LAKE BUSINESS SERVICES INC. 304 E. BAKER ST., PLANT CITY, FL, 33563. The company`s management are President - Spicer Sharon C, Director - Spicer Kenneth L. The last significant event in the company history is ADMIN DISSOLUTION FOR ANNUAL REPORT which is dated by 9/14/2007. This decision is take in action on unknown. The company annual reports filed on Annual reports – 5/19/2006.
RAINBOW LASER ENGRAVING, INC. RAINBOW LAUNDROMAT, LLC RAINBOW LAUNDRY & CAFETERIA INC. RAINBOW LAUNDRY RAINBOW LAUNDRY INC RAINBOW LAUNDRY LEASING, INC. | {
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If there is one thing Apple is good at, it is sticking to its prices. Each year a new iPhone is released and till the time a successor is announced, it continues to command its premium price. Post that one year, it is relegated to the second tier and is sold at a slightly lower price point. Infact, for a lot of time the common industry wisdom was this – Apple has a cheaper iPhone, its the last year's model. Then the clamour for a new cheaper iPhone grew, and when details about a new plastic iPhone leaked, the world was convinced that a cheaper iPhone was indeed coming. As it turns out, Apple can still surprise.
The iPhone 5C is going to replace the iPhone 5. The iPhone 5 will no longer be sold, and instead you'll be presented with the colourful new iPhone 5C. The 5C is essentially the iPhone 5 in a plastic case, with a slightly better battery and a slightly better front facing camera. These are minor improvements, and ones you'll probably not even notice in day to day use. There is one aspect in which the 5C presents an advantage – it along with the 5S supports Indian LTE bands, making it one of the first smartphones to do so. That being said, both Reliance Jio and Airtel's LTE rollout isn't quite lighting up the country and it will be more than a few months before you can think of LTE as a viable option.
The iPhone 5C is $549 unlocked for the 16 GB model. Further, because Apple doesn't increase prices post launch, it pegs the Dollar rate at a much higher value that the current rate to protect its margins should the Rupee fall further. With this in mind, the cheapest price that one can expect for the iPhone 5C is around 40-42,000 INR. You can currently buy an iPhone 5 for about 42-43,000 INR.
While Jonny Ive might claim that the iPhone 5C is unapologetically plastic, it will never feel as premium as the iPhone 5 or the iPhone 5S. Infact, in my book the iPhone 5 is a better buy than the 5C, LTE support notwithstanding – and this purely down to looks. Since the 5 and the 5S are almost identical, Apple is using the 5C as another way to differentiate the 5S from yesteryear's model.
The iPhone 5C was never destined to be a cheaper iPhone, it is perhaps a manifestation Ive's desire for colour. A lot is being said about how colour matched wallpapers and iOS 7 transparencies on the 5C add to the experience of one colour permeating through, but I do not buy into that. Most people will change wallpapers the moment they get a new phone, and iOS 7 will then start reflecting that colour, not the colour of the phone. This isn't a big deal – but the point I'm making is that why get a plastic iPhone when you can get a the same thing in beautiful aluminum.
Once the iPhone 5C and the 5S start selling in India, you won't be able to buy the iPhone 5. The iPhone 5S will touch 50,000 INR easy, so if you want an iPhone closer to 40 than 50, get the iPhone 5 while you still can.
Nokia's started rolling out the much awaited Amber update for its Lumia 920 smartphone. From Microsoft's perspective, GDR2 is more of an enabler than one that brings new features, however there are still many compelling reasons to upgrade. You get the revamped Xbox Music app, support for FM radio, IE10 HTML5 improvements, an improved Skype experience among other things. Further, there are Nokia specific improvements such as support for glance screen, tap to wake up, flip to silence and the ability use apps like Smart Camera, YouTube uploader and Video Trimmer that you couldn't previously use on the Lumia 920, despite the apps being available on the Windows Phone Store.
Internet Explorer. Several fixes, including improvements to media playback reliability, will make your web browsing experience better than ever.
The update is rolling out across various regions, so it is possible that it might not be immediately available on your device. As always, make sure you backup the phone before you update.
The 41 MP Lumia with a back side illuminated sensor, a 6 part Zeiss lens, OIS and more has just been announced. One of the really nice things about the Lumia 1020 is that it captures two photos everytime you press the shutter, a full resolution image (34 MP or 38 MP depending on whether you're shooting in the 16:9 or 4:3 resolution) and a oversampled 5 MP photo that's extremely crisp owing to each pixel in it being created from 7 pixels.
Another really nice addition is to shoot first and zoom later. So even after you have taken the shot, you can reframe the photo. That means you can zoom in (or out), focus on an entirely different part of the image, change the angle and so on.
So what kind of photos can you expect from the device? Here are some samples, click through for the full resolution photos.
34 MP shots (16:9): Some of them are over 10 MB in size.
Regular 5 MP photo samples: These are photos you'll email, post to facebook and generally share. Like earlier, click through for the full 5MP photo.
If you've forgotten what's the advantage of shooting with a 41 MP sensor, here's a reminder.
That is the power of having just an incredible sensor in your phone. You can go from barely seeing the girl, to a full blown portrait.
While these photos are from Nokia's press site, over the years I have grown to trust Nokia's samples to be a fairly accurate example of what the phone is capable of. While our day to day results will not be as impressive as these (Nokia does multiple photo sessions, has 100s of discards, perfect lighting, professionals taking photos etc), most people will be happy if they manage to even get photos that are 70% like these.
If you'd to see even more photos, this is the link to Nokia's press site. If you are interested in the details behind this engineering feat, here is Nokia's official whitepaper explaining everything – both hardware and software. | {
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myastrologylife.com
Discover Your Birth Personality Strengths
Cancer Sun Sign
"Nurturing, home loving, family oriented, sensitive, moody, cautious, selfish, good memory, complaintive, helpful, humorous"
Cancer (June 22 – July 22), the sign of the Crab, is the fourth of the Zodiac signs. Generally, one of the first things you might notice about Cancers, man or woman, is a maternal or nurturing quality. This can manifest in concern for others, making those visiting their home feel comfortable (they usually love to cook) and by being there when others need someone to talk to. Next, you might notice they can be moody — warm and welcoming one visit or reclusive and remote on another visit. More than any other Sign they get a pass for this ebb and flow in their demeanor: Not only is Cancer a Water Sign, its Planetary Ruler is the Moon and the Moon represents our emotional selves. Think of the pull of the Moon on the tides of the ocean. And think of the Crab and how it moves…dancing with the water's edge as it moves back and forth. When not flirting with the water, it sidles along the sand sideways always taking in the whole picture but still moving forward, then to make sure it is getting a good view of what's around it, it moves back the way it came and then maybe up and around it's original path. Then as it feels confident in where it's going, it takes a few less side steps backward than the last time…until something threatens it, that is. Then, it's time to skedaddle, as fast as it can, all the way back to the hole in the sand from which it emerged. There it will remain to recover from the insecurity until it feels confident enough to pop back out into the world again.
Astrological Sun Sign Cancer
Planetary Ruler: Moon
Quality: Cardinal
The humans born under this Astrological Sign act in much the same way the Crab. They are circumspect, so much so that they might even go unnoticed by others in a small crowd — at first. These folk prefer it that way. They want to observe the scene in front of them from all angles before cautiously entering the action. But don't let first impressions fool you. They are a Cardinal Sign so once they feel "at home" with you or a situation, they take the lead and are dynamic, funny and entertaining. When they feel safe enough to show you this side of themselves, it means you have reached their soft center and they will call you friend and welcome you into their fold warmly. But, while close friends are important, it's a Cancer's family that comes first…second… even third, for a Cancer. Just as it should be for the Nurturer of the Zodiac.
Cancer's Natural Home
The Fourth House is where Cancer and its ruling planet the Moon reside. This House represents the family, ancestors, the home, security, the past, the mother. The Fourth House is situated on one of the four angles of the Zodiac chart. Also called the IC, or Imum Coeli (bottom of the sky), it is located at the lowest point of the chart and therefore embodies all that is close and personal to us, adding another layer to the Fourth House meaning. If you have Celestial Bodies in the Fourth, regardless of whether the House is ruled by Cancer or not, you are likely closely tied to all of the above but it's guised in the characteristic of the Celestial Body that resides there. For instance, if you have Mars in the Fourth, there is likely a lot of activity centered around your home, or you might be involved in real estate somehow. If your Sun and/or Moon are here, your vitality and/or emotions are entwined with all things "home" related. Metaphorically and literally, if your "house" is in disrepair, you might appear that way too. If it's well maintained, again, you will appear as so.
Taurus Ruling Planet—Venus Planet Watch: Grand Sextile 2013
The Astrological Connection
Aspects Birth Chart Elements Famous People Quality Ruling Planets Transiting Planets Uncategorized Zodiac Signs
Planet Watch: Grand Sextile 2013
Taurus Ruling Planet—Venus
Planet Watch: Water Grand Trine & Uranus Retrograde July 2013
Cardinal Signs & Uranus-Aries Transit 2013
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Where Is Big Hit?
June 18, 2022 by Shawna Brady
On March 22, Big Hit Entertainment will be moving into HYBE's brand new headquarters that is located in Yongsan, Seoul. It is a 19-story building with seven additional floors underground, and it covers about 60,000 square meters of space and houses over 1,000 employees and executives.
1. Does Big Hit Entertainment accept Indian?
2. Do BTS have their own houses?
3. Where is the Big Hit building?
4. Does BTS own Big Hit?
5. Is BTS still with Big Hit?
6. Why is Big Hit permanently closed?
7. Where is BTS house in Korea?
8. Where is BTS office in Seoul?
9. Where does BTS live now?
10. Do BTS have girlfriends?
11. What is BTS salary?
12. What does BTS apartment look like?
13. Is BigHit in the Big 3?
14. Where is Jyp located?
15. What is the building of BTS?
16. Where is Han River located?
17. How much BigHit pay BTS?
18. Who is the richest in BTS?
19. Who controls BTS?
20. Which company owns Blackpink?
21. What is the name of BigHit new girl group?
22. How does BigHit treat BTS?
23. What is J-Hope's real name?
24. Why did Big Hit change their name?
25. How much is BTS salary per month?
26. What does BTS stand in English?
27. Why will BTS end in 2027?
28. Why did BTS leave Columbia?
29. Why did BTS disbanded?
30. Is BTS disbanding in 2026?
31. Can girls audition in Big Hit Entertainment?
32. How many K-pop groups are under Big Hit?
33. Is BTS not under Big Hit?
34. What is BTS office?
35. How old is the CEO of Big Hit?
36. Did BTS switch labels?
37. What are the bands under Big Hit?
38. How can I chat with BTS on Whatsapp?
39. Where is Kim Taehyung apartment?
40. Where is Jungkook now?
41. How can I write letters to BTS?
42. What is BTS real address?
43. Where is the Blackpink house?
44. Where is BTS right now in 2021?
45. Why are BTS death threats?
46. Is BTS still living together 2021?
47. What is BTS email?
48. Do BTS members smoke?
49. How can I go to South Korea from India?
Does Big Hit Entertainment accept Indian?
Every country citizen is eligible for participating in the show. Females and girls can also be a part of the BHE audition 2021.
Do BTS have their own houses?
Despite having their own respective properties and houses, the seven members of BTS are still living together in the said suite.
Where is the Big Hit building?
After years of outstanding work and progress, BigHit Entertainment finally gained its new and lavish home-the HYBE Building in Yeongsan, Seoul.
Does BTS own Big Hit?
BTS Members Jin, J-Hope, and RM have sold $8 Million worth of their company HYBE's shares, the company was earlier known as BigHit and had launched the band. Three members of the South Korean group BTS have sold the shares of their company HYBE that was earlier known as Big Hit.
Is BTS still with Big Hit?
Big Hit Entertainment, the music company behind K-Pop stars BTS, has officially rebranded as HYBE. Big Hit announced the new name, organizational structure and a new HQ in a brand presentation on YouTube today (see below). The company says that the rebrand will be finalized at its shareholders' meeting on March 30.
Why is Big Hit permanently closed?
According to Variety, the decision is motivated by the company's goal to expand its horizons, looking beyond artist management. Through this repositioning, Big Hit may also branch out to more lifestyle-oriented projects like real estate leasing, travel, communications, and the like.
Where is BTS house in Korea?
The apartment is located in Hannam Hill, alongside the Han River and Namsan mountains.
Where is BTS office in Seoul?
Pledis Entertainment building is where you might spot Seventeen, Orange Caramel and After School if you are lucky! Located in Nonhyeon-dong, southern Seoul, Big Hit Entertainment's headquarter is a place every Bangtan Boys (BTS) fan should know!
Where does BTS live now?
2. Where does BTS live now? Bts lives together in the lavish apartment in Hannam the Hill, Hannam-Dong, Seoul.
Do BTS have girlfriends?
After all, ever since this K-pop group debuted in June 2013, none of its members has ever been in a public relationship.
What is BTS salary?
As per a report in Seoul Space, BTS members have a base salary of $8 million a year. They also hold shares of HYBE stock which are valued at an additional $8 million for each member. Apart from being a member of globally famous BTS, these members also release their own singles and albums.
What does BTS apartment look like?
Look Inside BTS Luxury Apartment! BTS House Tour
Is BigHit in the Big 3?
Is Big Hit Entertainment, the entertainment agency of the biggest boy group in the world BTS, bigger than the historic 'Big 3' of K-pop industry comprising of SM, JYP and YG Entertainment? According to recent news, Big Hit has overtaken the Big 3.
Where is Jyp located?
Logo used since January 2021
JYP 엔터테인먼트
Headquarters Gangdong, Seoul , South Korea
Area served Worldwide
Key people Jimmy Jeong (CEO)
What is the building of BTS?
If you're a BTS fan, you will probably know by now that Hybe has just recently opened a new museum dedicated to the world-famous boy band in their company building in Yongsan, Seoul. Named Hybe Insight, the museum is located at the bottom two levels of Hybe's new building and was opened to the public on May 14.
Where is Han River located?
Han River, Korean Han-gang, river, northern South Korea, rising in the western slopes of the T'aebaek-sanmaek (mountains) and flowing generally westward across the peninsula through the provinces of Kangwŏn, Kyŏnggi, and North Ch'ungch'ŏng and through the city of Seoul to the Yellow Sea.
How much BigHit pay BTS?
Thanks largely to those touring revenues, the members of BTS earned a combined $50 million between June 2019 and June 2020 and roughly $7 million per member.
Who is the richest in BTS?
J-Hope: He is the wealthiest member among all the BTS members. J-Hope's net worth is roughly anything around $26 million.
Who controls BTS?
South Korean music producer, composer and record executive Bang Si-hyuk is known as the mastermind behind K-pop sensation BTS, after bringing the boy band together in 2013. He's the founder and CEO of Hybe (formerly Big Hit Entertainment), the agency that manages the group.
Which company owns Blackpink?
YG debuted their second girl group Blackpink in 2016, their first since 2NE1, followed by the solo rapper One the following year.
What is the name of BigHit new girl group?
Following its countdown event, the company revealed that the girl group's name is 'LE SSERAFIM'. The group, created in partnership with HYBE's label, Source Music, is preparing for a debut in May.
How does BigHit treat BTS?
They treat their idols well and the idols have good connections with their staff and managers. ARMY likes to say "you can't stan BTS if you don't stan the staff". Big Hit is very small and only has about two artists performing right now: BTS and a solo artist.
What is J-Hope's real name?
Jung Ho-seok (Korean: 정호석; born February 18, 1994), better known by his stage name J-Hope (stylized as j-hope), is a South Korean rapper, songwriter, dancer, and record producer. He made his debut as a member of South Korean boy band BTS in 2013, under Big Hit Entertainment.
Why did Big Hit change their name?
Chairman Bang Si- Hyuk claims, "I felt the need of a new company name that could encompass all the business realms that we carry out and be a symbol for our connecting and expanding structure."
How much is BTS salary per month?
BTS Salary per month? The monthly BTS Salary is $3 Million Dollars. and the Annual Income is $36 Million Dollars, Which they earn from Concerts, Shows, Youtube, Collaborations, or brand Deals.
What does BTS stand in English?
Name. The group's name, BTS, stands for the Korean phrase Bangtan Sonyeondan (Korean: 방탄소년단; Hanja: 防彈|少年|團), literally meaning "Bulletproof Boy Scouts". According to member J-Hope, the name signifies the group's desire "to block out stereotypes, criticisms, and expectations that aim on adolescents like bullets".
Why will BTS end in 2027?
In BTS's case, they have a seven-year commitment that was due to expire in 2020. However, they recently renewed their contract, a year before the original agreement terminated. BigHit has confirmed that their contract will expire in 2026, rather than 2020.
Why did BTS leave Columbia?
According to reports by Billboard and Variety, the boyband, under agency HYBE, will no longer be working with Columbia Records and The Orchard. BTS were apparently on a month-to-month contract with the latter company, and only needed to notify Sony Music of their intent to end their partnership.
Why did BTS disbanded?
"Due to differences in our opinions and musical styles, we have decided to go our separate ways. Still, we agreed to cheer on each other's life. As we open the new door, it's time to close and lock the door," the little meow of BTS went on to say.
Is BTS disbanding in 2026?
BTS will remain under their label Big Hit Entertainment through 2026, it was announced Wednesday (Oct. 17). The seven members of BTS — RM, Jimin, Jin, Suga, J-Hope, Jungkook and V — have renewed their contracts with Big Hit for another seven years, extending the current contracts that are set to expire next year.
Can girls audition in Big Hit Entertainment?
Both boys and girls can participate in this show, only your age should be from 12 years to 18 years. There are online auditions for this show, through which auditions are taken in different cities. And in auditions, only those who are eligible for the show are selected.
How many K-pop groups are under Big Hit?
Big Hit Music was divided from Hybe on July 1. As of that date, the company manages soloist Lee Hyun, and boy groups BTS and Tomorrow X Together. It previously managed soloist Lim Jeong-hee, and groups 8Eight, 2AM, and Glam.
Is BTS not under Big Hit?
South Korean boy band BTS that began formation in 2010 and debuted in 2013 under Big Hit Entertainment, will now have a new corporate address as the agency announced a change of name. Big Hit is now HYBE which reportedly symbolizes "connection, expansion, and relationships."
What is BTS office?
As a world leading strategy implementation firm with approximately 700 professionals in 32 offices worldwide, BTS has a strong global footprint for developing and deploying programs that build commitment and capability to accelerate strategy execution and improve business results.
How old is the CEO of Big Hit?
Bang Si-hyuk
Born August 9, 1972 South Korea
Genres R&B
Occupation(s) composer songwriter record producer Chairman
Years active 1994–present
Did BTS switch labels?
Oct 22 (Reuters) – South Korea's BTS has signed a new distribution and marketing deal with Universal Music Group (UMG.AS), the world's biggest music label, dropping Sony Music's (6758. T) Columbia Records, the music band's manager said on Friday. Hybe Co Ltd-owned (352820.
What are the bands under Big Hit?
K.Will (2006–2007)
2AM (2010–2014, along with JYP Entertainment)
GLAM (2012–2015, along with Source Music)
Lim Jeong-hee (2012–2015)
Homme (2010–2018) Changmin (2010–2014; 2015–2018)
8eight (2007–2014, 2020; along with Source Music)
How can I chat with BTS on Whatsapp?
Conversation. SEND YOUR SMS NOW!: SMS type 방탄소년단 then send to +821119 ( Do not spam message.) alreadyyyyyy!!!
Where is Kim Taehyung apartment?
He lives on 234 UrAStalker street in the city CalmTheFDown, South Korea.
Where is Jungkook now?
Since 2018, Jungkook has lived in Hannam-dong, Seoul, South Korea with his bandmates.
How can I write letters to BTS?
Yes , bts can read English . So you don't have to write it in English but try to use simple words . Don't write alot keep it small and simple . If your younger than the member whom your writing the letter please use oppa or hyung because it adds a politeness and little more respect .
What is BTS real address?
BTS Pop-Up: House of BTS Poster. BTS Pop-Up: House of BTS (stylized in all caps) was shops of BTS' official merch opened by Big Hit Entertainment, the first one was opened on October 18, 2019 to January 5, 2020 (10:00 to 22:00 KST) located on 34, Gangnam-daero 102-gil, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
Where is the Blackpink house?
Located in the busy street of Hongdae area in Mapo-gu in Seoul, the house, renovated from the previous "Black Pink House," is full of hands-on experiences related to the band's recent "Square Up" EP.
Where is BTS right now in 2021?
The K-pop singers are currently on a short break and is at their home in South Korea.
Why are BTS death threats?
Threats were made against RM's life in 2015 while BTS was in the United States, which several believe was in reply to RM's controversial comments in an Australian interview in which he claimed, "When I first saw V and J-Hope, I couldn't see them because they were too black." Because of the snacks, they had to cancel …
Is BTS still living together 2021?
BTS has only gained worldwide prominence in the past few years or so, but the group has actually been together for over seven years. The members' contracts were supposed to expire in 2020, but BTS also chose renew them to stay together until 2026.
What is BTS email?
Email addresses: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected],… Is there anyone willing to translate this into Korean?
Do BTS members smoke?
The images show one of the band members of BTS, V, smoking.
However, this time, their viral images have left the netizens divided. The images show one of the band members smoking. Kim Taehyung, who goes by V, was captured smoking outside the Grammys 2022 venue.
How can I go to South Korea from India?
By Air. Air travel is the best way to travel to South Korea from India.
By Rail. There are no direct roads connected India to South Korea, nor are there any trains that connect both countries.
By Sea. If you like long luxurious holidays, then Cruises are the truly the best way for you to travel.
Basic facts of The Big Three & Big Hit Entertainment(BTS)
Big Hit Entertainment x Universal Music Group
Big Hit Entertainment & HYBE Timeline
Who Plays Fred's Dad in Big Hero 6?
Why Did Big Mouth End?
Who Does Samuel L Jackson Play in Big Hero 6?
Is There Going to Be a Big Hero 6 2?
Did Ari Have a BBL?
How Would You Rate Your Pain?
What are the Big Sky BB standings? | {
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New Dev Community Delivers 411 for SQL
By Jason Turcotte
A new program launched this week places SQL under the limelight, as one company looks to laud and standardize the programming language for data queries and analysis. And build a developer community in the process.
Boston-based StreamBase Systems announced Project StreamSQL in hopes of expanding the SQL-based language and to ease the development of real-time streaming data apps with a flexible, scalable solution. Building real-time apps with StreamSQL–which adds time and event-based windows to standard SQL–equates to transaction fraud detection, automated stock trading, Web site monitoring and more–all features that enhance the Web services experience.
"The rapid growth of the complex event processing marketplace suggests that the standardization of a programming language that processes and analyzes streams of real-time data would make sense," said Philip Howard, research director, Bloor Research. "Acceptance of such a standard would facilitate adoption of CEP technology and enable enterprise developers familiar with current query languages to more easily build real-time streaming data applications."
According to StreamBase CTO and Founder, Michael Stonebreaker, the knowledge is out there. He cites millions of relational database servers running SQL already, and that tens of thousands of SQL database programmers are well-versed in the language. He says coding in Java and C++ is too low level for real-time apps, but those using SQL for stored data queries can extend the same technology for streaming data.
Take Wall Street, for example. With StreamSQL technology an enterprise can evaluate traders in real-time, enabling them to quickly cut off an investor's money flow when things get ugly. The product co-relates history (time windows) with data analysis, which would include trading patterns in this particular scenario.
"You want to get these apps up in hours or a small number of days," Stonebreaker said. "And you want to enforce a collection of business rules in real-time."
Stonebreaker says developers can code StreamSQL more quickly than other programming languages, and need only write the code once. That code can be shared with other vendors to create high-level standards and help build a developer community. The real crux of this offering, he says, is processing speed and agility. StreamBase reps predict StreamSQL will quickly become 'the Oracle of streaming data,' and they say it will be the ubiquitous language for the development of real-time streaming data apps.
StreamBase offers free interactive workshops for developers in select cities. Thus far, training sessions have been scheduled Oct. 10, 11 in New York City, and Oct. 17, 18 in Dulles, Va. A free trial of StreamSQL Developer Edition is available now at the company's Developer Zone.
Jason Turcotte is an assistant editor at Application Development Trends. He can be reached at [email protected]. | {
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• do you have a kitchen?
> can i smoke in your hostel?
do you have a kitchen?
Yes we have a fully functional kitchen with pots and pans and even olive oil if you dont mind parting with a few cents to go towards the next bottle! People love cooking here in our large kitchen - a rarity in the hostel world! | {
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Q: Создание Автомата с Напитками java Всем привет. Помогите исправить. Не могу понять, как прописать чтоб в конце подсчитывало сумму и названия выбранных напитков (Например: Вы заказали 5 напитков. Общая стоимость - 200).
А так же сканер позволяет вводить только один напиток.
инструменты для использования:
1) enum (напитки)
2) константы (цены)
3) static (общая стоимость)
4) switch (выбор напитка)
Задание:
#1 сделайте enum DrinksMachine, умеющего делать КОФЕ, ЧАЙ, ЛИМОНАД, МОХИТО, МИНЕРАЛКУ, КОКА_КОЛУ;
#2 Сделайте класс Drinks, где константами задайте цену напитку;
#3 Произведите подсчет количества изготовленных напитков и общей суммы, которую должен заплатить клиент;
#4 Сделайте способ приготовления каждого напитка;
#5 Сделайте switch-case оператор, который будет производить напиток (вызывая соответствующий метод) в зависимости от выбора клиента;
#6 Разместите возможность выбора напитка для пользователя и в зависимости от выбора делайте ему напиток;
#7 Пользователь должен иметь возможность заказать несколько напитков
#8 И наконец клиент должен увидеть, сколько денег он должен заплатить;
Мое Решение:
Вот enum:
COFFEE("Кофе"),
TEA("Чай"),
LEMONADE("Лимонад"),
MOJITO("Мохито"),
MINERAL("Минералка"),
COLA("Кока-кола");
private String title;
DrinksMachine(String title) {
this.title = title;
}
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
}
Вот клас Drinks:
public class Drinks {
final double coffee = 19.99;
final double tea = 11.99;
final double lemonade = 15.00;
final double mojito = 29.50;
final double mineral = 9.99;
final double cola = 10.00;
public double getCoffee() {
return coffee;
}
public double getTea() {
return tea;
}
public double getLemonade() {
return lemonade;
}
public double getMojito() {
return mojito;
}
public double getMineral() {
return mineral;
}
public double getCola() {
return cola;
}
}
public class Drinks {
final double coffee = 19.99;
final double tea = 11.99;
final double lemonade = 15.00;
final double mojito = 29.50;
final double mineral = 9.99;
final double cola = 10.00;
public double getCoffee() {
return coffee;
}
public double getTea() {
return tea;
}
public double getLemonade() {
return lemonade;
}
public double getMojito() {
return mojito;
}
public double getMineral() {
return mineral;
}
public double getCola() {
return cola;
}
}
public class Drinks {
final double coffee = 19.99;
final double tea = 11.99;
final double lemonade = 15.00;
final double mojito = 29.50;
final double mineral = 9.99;
final double cola = 10.00;
public double getCoffee() {
return coffee;
}
public double getTea() {
return tea;
}
public double getLemonade() {
return lemonade;
}
public double getMojito() {
return mojito;
}
public double getMineral() {
return mineral;
}
public double getCola() {
return cola;
}
}
Вот main:
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
runApp();
System.out.println("Колличество напитков: " + DrinkPreparing.getCounter());
}
public static void runApp() {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
DrinksMachine[] drinkTypes = DrinksMachine.values();
DrinksMachine userDrinkType = null;
System.out.println("count license: " + DrinkPreparing.getCounter());
while (true) {
System.out.println("Please enter drink type from list: " + Arrays.toString(drinkTypes));
String userValue = scanner.nextLine();
userValue = userValue.toUpperCase();
for (DrinksMachine drinkType : drinkTypes) {
if (drinkType.toString().equals(userValue)) {
userDrinkType = DrinksMachine.valueOf(userValue);
break;
}
}
if (userDrinkType != null) {
break;
}
}
switch (userDrinkType) {
case COFFEE: {
new DrinkPreparing();
System.out.println("Возьмите Ваш " + DrinksMachine.COFFEE.getTitle());
System.out.println("Стоимость: ");
}
case TEA: {
new DrinkPreparing();
System.out.println("Возьмите Ваш " + DrinksMachine.TEA.getTitle());
break;
}
case LEMONADE: {
new DrinkPreparing();
System.out.println("Возьмите Ваш " + DrinksMachine.LEMONADE.getTitle());
break;
}
case MOJITO: {
new DrinkPreparing();
System.out.println("Возьмите Ваш " + DrinksMachine.MOJITO.getTitle());
break;
}
case MINERAL: {
new DrinkPreparing();
System.out.println("Возьмите Ваш " + DrinksMachine.MINERAL.getTitle());
System.out.println("Стоимость: ");
break;
}
case COLA: {
new DrinkPreparing();
System.out.println("Возьмите Ваш " + DrinksMachine.COLA.getTitle());
System.out.println("Стоимость: ");
break;
}
}
}
}
Счетчик:
public class DrinkPreparing {
private static int counter;
public DrinkPreparing() {
counter++;
}
public static int getCounter() {
return counter;
}
}
A: Ваше задание сформулировано некорректно. Сначала вы должны четко описать бизнесс правила, потом спроектировать решение, а потом приступать к реализации. Вы начали с реализации и поэтому получился совершенно нерациональный избыточный код.
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
while (true) {
System.out.println("Здравствуйте! Сделайте свой заказ.");
DrinksMachine drinksMachine = new DrinksMachine();
drinksMachine.start();
drinksMachine.process();
System.out.println("До свидания!");
}
}
}
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class DrinksMachine {
private double totalCost = 0.0;
private List<Drink> drinks = new ArrayList<>();
public void start() {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Пожалуйста, введите название напитка либо нажмите Enter для выполнения заказа : " + Arrays.toString(Drink.values()));
while (true) {
String userInput = scanner.nextLine().trim().toUpperCase();
if (userInput.isEmpty()) break;
try {
Drink drink = Drink.valueOf(userInput);
this.drinks.add(drink);
this.totalCost += drink.getCost();
} catch (java.lang.IllegalArgumentException e) {
System.out.println("Вы ввели некорректное название напитка. попробуйте еще раз.");
}
}
}
public void process() {
for (Drink drink : drinks) {
System.out.println("Возьмите Ваш " + drink.getTitle());
System.out.println("Стоимость: " + drink.getCost());
}
System.out.println("Колличество напитков: " + this.drinks.size());
System.out.println("Общая стоимость : " + this.totalCost);
}
public double getTotalCost() {
return totalCost;
}
public List<Drink> getDrinks() {
return drinks;
}
}
public enum Drink {
COFFEE("Кофе", DrinkCost.COFFEE),
TEA("Чай", DrinkCost.TEA),
LEMONADE("Лимонад", DrinkCost.LEMONADE),
MOJITO("Мохито", DrinkCost.MOJITO),
MINERAL("Минералка", DrinkCost.MINERAL),
COLA("Кока-кола", DrinkCost.COLA);
private final String title;
private final double cost;
private Drink(String title, double cost) {
this.title = title;
this.cost = cost;
}
public String getTitle() {
return title;
}
public double getCost() {
return cost;
}
}
public class DrinkCost {
public final static double COFFEE = 19.99;
public final static double TEA = 11.99;
public final static double LEMONADE = 15.00;
public final static double MOJITO = 29.50;
public final static double MINERAL = 9.99;
public final static double COLA = 10.00;
}
Не стесняйтесь задавать вопросы, если таковые появятся
| {
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Korea Grand Sale gears up for kick off
By Yoon Min-sik
Korean tourism authorities were set Monday for the official opening of the Korea Grand Sale, an annual event for foreign shoppers with events, promotions and sales across the country.
This year's event, jointly hosted by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism and the Visit Korea Committee, will be held from Thursday until Feb. 28.
The theme of this year is "Travel, Taste, Touch," and will offer benefits of varying degrees from 51,497 businesses. According to the ministry, around 850 enterprises will hold sales, including discounts of up to 97 percent on flights to Korea from airlines including Air Seoul.
An opening ceremony for Korea Grand Sale 2018 is being held in front of Doota Mall in Dongdaemun, Seoul in this 2018 file photo (Visit Korea Committee)
Up to 25 percent discount will be provided at eateries at the top-notch hotels across the country.
According to a survey on what foreigners did while visiting Korea conducted by the ministry, 72.5 percent of all foreign visitors in 2017 said shopping, while 58.2 percent said eating and tourism.
A tourism program featuring restaurants with over 50 years of history -- including "Cheongjinok," "Ureok," "Hadongkwan," "Joseonok" and "Yeolchajib" will be held with Korean celebrity chefs as guides. Other packages include Korean food and temple food for foriengers, and ski packages.
For those who need assistance, a welcome center will be open throughout the festival period at Cheonggye Plaza in Jongno-gu, Seoul from 12 p.m. to 8 p.m. Tour guides will circulate popular tourist areas like Hongdae or Dongdaemun, accompanied by interpretation services.
A welcome booth for foreigners will operate at Incheon International Airport and Gimpo International Airport from Feb. 1-8, to coincide with the Chinese and Korean Lunar New Year holidays.
At the welcome center, Korea Tour Card will be given free to the first 50 visitors every day. The 10,000th visitor will receive a coupon for a stay at a local hotel.
Korea Grand sale officially starts with an opening ceremony Thursday at 11:30 p.m. in front of the welcome center.
For more information, visit www.koreagrandsale.co.kr/en.
([email protected])
S. Korean biz groups in emergency mode as Korea-Japan feud drags on | {
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6 Car-Free Winter Adventures Around Vancouver Return to 6 Dog-Friendly Winter Adventures Near Vancouv...
5 Things to Do at Tynehead Regional Park
by Taryn Eyton in Outside on January 17, 2022
A bridge over the Serpentine River. Photo: Tynehead Regional Park
Tynehead Regional Park is an oasis of nature in Surrey. The centerpiece is the meandering Serpentine River, home to several species of salmon. Hike the trails, bring a picnic, or cycle in the nearby Serpentine Hills. Use our guide to plan a trip to Tynehead Regional Park.
How to Get to Tynehead Regional Park
From Vancouver, take Highway 1 East. Take exit 50 onto 104 Avenue, then turn right onto 160 Street. Turn left on 96 Avenue, then look for the signed Hatchery parking lot on your left about 1 kilometre later. There are alternative parking lots on 161 Street near 102 Avenue (Serpentine Hollow), on 168 Street at Tynehead Drive (Serpentine Fields), and further along 96 Avenue at 172 Street (Serpentine Hills).
Use the park map to find your way around.
The park is closed at night. Check the sign at the park entrance for current gate closure hours so you don't get locked in. The park is open between 7 a.m. and 5 p.m. in winter with extended hours the rest of the year.
Dogs must be on leash in most of the park. There is a large off-leash area along the Hawthorn Trail.
Smoking, vaping, cannabis, drones, alcohol, collecting plants, and fishing are not allowed.
There are washrooms at all four parking areas.
Be safe in the park. AdventureSmart recommends bringing a backpack with essential safety and first aid gear on every hike. Check the forecast and pack extra clothing for the weather. Leave a trip plan so someone knows where you are going and when you will be back.
Have a Picnic
Tynehead Regional Park has several grassy areas that are great for picnicking. There are also picnic tables along the Serpentine River, near the Hatchery, and near the Serpentine Hills parking area on 96th Avenue.
Picnic area near the Hatchery. Photo: Tynehead Regional Park
Hike the Trails
The western half of the park is home to a network of walking trails. Follow the 1.7 km-long Serpentine Loop Trail along the banks of the river or stroll through farm fields-turned-meadows on the Hawthorn Trail for 1.6 km. Several other short trails allow for lots of loop possibilities.
Walk or Cycle the Tynehead Perimeter Trail
The Tynehead Perimeter Trail is a 4.8 km-long multi-use trail that loops around the eastern half of the park. The paved path is open to walkers, cyclists, and wheelchair users, but it does have some steep hills. Stop at interpretive panels along the way to learn about local history and ecosystems.
Perimeter Trail. Photo: Tynehead Regional Park
Explore the Wheelchair Accessible Trails
Many of the trails in Tynehead Regional Park are accessible for those who use wheelchairs or other mobility aids. The Birch Grove, Hatchery, Salmon Habitat, and Tynehead Perimeter Trails are all accessible with flat surfaces and low grades. Visit the park website for specific info about accessiblity of each trail.
Learn about Salmon
The Serpentine River runs through the park and is critical salmon rearing habitat. The Tynehead Hatchery raises coho, chum, and chinook salmon to release into the river. You can learn more about salmon on the Salmon Habitat Loop Trail. This short trail has great views of the Serpentine River and lots of fun and educational signage.
Salmon in the Serpentine River. Photo: Tynehead Regional Park
Tagged: park of the month, Serpentine River, Surrey, Tynehead Regional Park
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7 Unique Winter Adventures Around Vancouver | {
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https://apnews.com/article/storms-ice-storms-d91dbaa30fdf4f388cf5d2f92a3515fe
Ice storms
Atlanta area braces for ice storm; 4 die in Texas
By CHRISTINA A. CASSIDYFebruary 12, 2014 GMT
A Georgia transportation sign warns motorists on Interstate 75 on Tuesday, Feb. 11, 2014, in Kennesaw, Ga., about 20 miles north of metro Atlanta. A winter snow storm is blowing into Georgia in what the National Weather Service predicted to be "an event of historical proportions." (AP Photo/David Tulis)
ATLANTA (AP) — The city dodged the first punch of a dangerous winter storm Tuesday, but forecasters warned of a potentially "catastrophic" second blow in a thick layer of ice that threatened to bring hundreds of thousands of power outages and leave people in their cold, dark homes for days.
The streets and highways in metro Atlanta were largely deserted as people in the South's business hub heeded advice from officials to hunker down at home, especially after the snow jam two weeks ago saw thousands of people stranded on icy, gridlocked roads for hours when 2 inches of snow fell.
"Last time I was totally unprepared, I was completely blindsided," said Lisa Nadir, of Acworth, who sat in traffic for 13 hours and then spent the night in her car when the storm hit Jan. 28. "I'm going to be prepared from now on for the rest of my life."
Nadir was telecommuting from home Tuesday and she had kitty litter in her trunk in case she needed to put it down on icy roads for extra traction.
The forecast drew comparisons to an ice storm in the Atlanta area in 2000 that left more than 500,000 homes and businesses without power and an epic storm in 1973 that caused an estimated 200,000 outages for several days. In 2000, damage estimates topped $35 million.
Eli Jacks, a meteorologist with National Weather Service, said forecasters use words like "catastrophic" sparingly.
"Sometimes we want to tell them, 'Hey, listen, this warning is different. This is really extremely dangerous and it doesn't happen very often,'" Jacks said.
This kind of language was first used in May 1999 for a tornado in Moore, Okla. Forecasters called it a "tornado emergency" to make sure the public knew it was not a typical tornado.
"I think three-quarters of an inch of ice anywhere would be catastrophic," Jacks said.
But the Atlanta area and other parts of the South are particularly vulnerable because there are so many trees and limbs hanging over power lines. When the ice builds up on them, limbs snap and fall, knocking out power.
"There is no doubt that this is one of Mother Nature's worst kinds of storms that can be inflicted on the South, and that is ice. It is our biggest enemy," Georgia Gov. Nathan Deal said.
While only light rain fell in Atlanta on Tuesday, cities 40 miles northwest saw 2 to 3 inches of snow. The rain was expected to turn into sleet and freezing rain overnight.
More than 200 utility vehicles from Florida, North Carolina and other Southern states gathered in a parking lot near one of the grandstands at Atlanta Motor Speedway. The state had more than 22,000 tons of salt, 70,000 gallons of brine 45,000 tons of gravel and brought in 180 tons of additional salt and sand. The goal was to make sure at least two interstate lanes were available in each direction. Then material would be used on the most heavily used roads off the highways. Officials were also considering re-routing traffic in extreme circumstances.
"It's certainly going to be a challenge for us. Ice is definitely different than snow," said state Transportation Commissioner Keith Golden. "It is very difficult for us to plow ice."
Hundreds of Georgia National Guard troops were on standby in case evacuations were needed at hospitals or nursing homes, and more than 70 shelters were set to open. President Barack Obama declared a state of emergency in Georgia, ordering federal agencies to help the state and local response during the storm. Deal said a priority for that request was generators.
Metro Atlanta, the economic engine of the South with the headquarters of Fortune 500 companies including Home Depot, UPS, Delta Air Lines and Coca-Cola, resembled a ghost town. Schools were closed and grocery store shelves were bare of milk and bread.
State and local officials, chastened by tough criticism for their slow response to the Jan. 28 storm, were eager to prove they could handle winter storms.
On Monday, before a drop of freezing rain or snow fell, Deal declared a state of emergency for nearly a third of the state and state employees were told they could stay home. He expanded the declaration Tuesday to more than half the state's counties.
Dustin Wilkes, 36, of Atlanta, was one of the few who headed to the office Tuesday. His parking lot was mostly deserted.
"I think they probably overreacted," Wilkes said. "It's to be expected."
Atlanta has a painful past of being ill-equipped to deal with snowy weather. Despite officials' promises after a crippling ice storm in 2011, the Jan. 28 storm proved they still had many kinks to work out.
Around the Deep South, slick roads were causing problems. In North Texas, at least four people died in traffic accidents on icy roads, including a Dallas firefighter who was knocked from an Interstate 20 ramp and fell 50 feet, according to a police report.
In North Carolina, 23-year-old Breanna Lynn Tile was killed Tuesday when the car she was riding in went off a snow-covered road outside Aberdeen and struck a tree, the Highway Patrol said. The driver of the car was hospitalized with non-life-threatening injuries.
In northeastern Alabama, two National Guard wreckers were dispatched to help clear jackknifed 18-wheelers on Interstate 65. Gov. Robert Bentley said one lesson learned from the storm two weeks ago was to get those wreckers organized earlier.
Michelle Owen, of Mount Pleasant, Tenn., was driving north on Interstate 65 when she hit an icy patch on a bridge. Her sport-utility vehicle and a trailer it was pulling fishtailed, sending her 18-year-old son Tyler through the rear window and on to the car that was atop the trailer.
"He wound up on top of the Mustang we were hauling," Owen said. He suffered only minor injuries.
Parts of northeast Mississippi could see up to 4 inches of snow. South Carolina, which hasn't seen a major ice storm in nearly a decade, could get a quarter to three-quarters of an inch of ice and as much as 8 inches of snow in some areas.
Delta canceled nearly 2,200 flights on Tuesday and Wednesday, most of them in Atlanta.
Associated Press writers Kate Brumback, Ray Henry and Jeff Martin in Atlanta; Jay Reeves in Birmingham, Ala.; and Russ Bynum in Savannah, Ga., contributed to this report.
Follow Christina Almeida Cassidy on Twitter: http://twitter.com/AP_Christina. | {
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Q: How big is the Windows Recycle Bin? I was deleting old files and folders and got this:
So I thought to myself, how big is the Recycle Bin?
A: The size of the Recycle Bin is customizable.
A: The Recycle bin is actually a folder.You can see it on C drive (or other drive if it also has recyling bin) if you enable show hidden files and show system files.If you want to you can also remove the folder.
The recycle bin on desktop is actually shortcut to real folder.
Any folder doesnt take up any disk space only its contents.So the more files it contains the "bigger" it is
| {
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The secret to the perfect Ajmeer Kalakand isn't in the complexity of the recipe, but in the skill it takes our chefs to churn out this exotic delicacy from the most basic of kitchen ingredients.
Made with the finest quality of milk khoya/khova, our Ajmeer Kalakand makes the perfect gift for that special someone whose presence both sweetens and enriches your life!
Ingredients - Milk, Sugar, Ghee.
Pieces (1 Kg) - 26 Approx. | {
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It is not an actual egg we seek, but the electric car built by Paul Arzens during WWII that he showed us when we were living in Paris in the late 70s.
How Did We Ever Manage Without You?
It's the twenty-fifth anniversary of (now Sir) Tim Berners-Lee's proposal for "a universal linked information system," after which he went on to write HTTP, HTML, and the first web browser. Happy Birthday, World Wide Web!
Where in Washington, DC—a city not known for its ancient fanciful mythology, except of the political kind—can you find an outdoor sculpture of Yggdrasil, the World Tree of Norse legend?
If you are zipping along in a car, you'll miss it. But if you are traveling by foot or bicycle, you can take a break on a small green island (which I discovered by accident on a family bike ride, and returned to sketch) at the intersection of Ohio Drive and Independence Avenue, along the Potomac River. There at the foot of Yggdrasil sits John Ericsson (1803-1889), whose birthday it is today.
Ericsson, born in a Swedish village and son of a mining engineer, was a precocious child who demonstrated early an aptitude for all things mechanical. At five he created a working windmill from clock parts and household utensils. There is no historical record of his mother's reaction to the missing tableware. At eight his education included informal instruction from his father's engineering colleagues, and eventually he joined the team (although still too small to reach all the equipment), drawing up plans and supervising crews. During a period in the army he worked on designs for steam and fume-propelled engines, but finding no funding he took himself to England (leaving behind an out-of-wedlock son to be raised by his mother), which was then the hub of the Industrial Revolution and a showcase for new canals, railways, factories, and every sort of engine and mechanical device.
But despite his innovations in locomotive and marine engine designs, and his best-known creation, the screw propellor—which rendered vessels far more efficient and whose descendants are still in use worldwide—the English were unresponsive, perhaps because of Ericsson's reputedly uncompromising nature, or perhaps because of his foreign origins. So Ericsson (leaving behind an English wife) betook himself to the young United States, with its energetic, ambitious entrepreneurs, and settled in New York, where pretty much everyone had (as today) foreign origins.
Here Ericsson sought supporters within the Navy and private industry for his screw-propellor vessel designs. He also tried, unsuccessfully, to interest the French Emperor, then engaged in the Crimean War, in a new rather peculiar-looking design for an iron-clad vessel (iron-clad ships having shown their effectiveness against the traditional wooden model).
But it was the American Civil War that delivered his opportunity. When the Southern states seceded from the Union in 1861, taking with them the Navy Yard at Norfolk and the USS Merrimac, which the Confederacy began to sheath with iron, it became obvious that the U.S. needed its own ironclad ship to protect the Northern coastal blockade. Ericsson's industrial business contacts, who saw war as a terrific opportunity to increase their fortunes patriotically, used their influence within Congress and the U.S. Navy to advocate the implementation of Ericsson's ingenious design, negotiate a contract, and launch construction of a vessel, in an unbelievably short period.
Ericsson's ironclad ship (named the Monitor by Ericsson, as it was intended to monitor the coastline), with its iron sheath extending below the water line, its revolving turret that permitted it to fire in all directions, and its screw propellor, kept iron works, foundries, rolling mills, and manufacturers busily employed for months. For the sake of speed, some of its innovations (such as the underwater torpedo) were set aside, to be adopted later. Some were ignored, to the ship's peril, as we will see.
Because the strange new vessel was untested, its crew was composed primarily of volunteers. Some observers (untutored in the laws of physics) predicted she would sink instantly when launched on March 6, 1862, headed for Norfolk. However, although the Monitor endured rough weather (and leaks, due to the Navy's having ignored Ericsson's instructions for the turret's sealing), she arrived safely in Hampton Roads on March 8th, to find disaster: two ships already destroyed by the Confederacy's Merrimac, and two others run aground awaiting their own coups de grâce.
For, during the past few months, the Confederacy had been hurriedly adapting the Merrimac (which they renamed the Virginia), preparing it to ram and sink the Yankee ships at Hampton Roads, to break the blockade and enable the resumption of Southern trade. Because the Union and the Confederacy were both riddled with spies, each knew something of the other's ship-building progress, so perhaps it is not simply an amazing coincidence that the two vessels were completed and launched only a couple of days apart. In any case, news of the Merrimac's success ran through the telegraph lines, thrilling the South and alarming the North, who feared that the Merrimac would next turn northward to destroy its coastal cities. This was impossible; the Merrimac was clumsy, leaky, and barely seaworthy enough to have made it across Hampton Roads. But the North didn't know that.
When the Merrimac returned to finish off the last two vessels, it found a small, oddly shaped object—the Monitor—pluckily barring its way. At first the Merrimac's crew believed the Monitor to be a supply barge, until it fired upon them. Battle between the two ironclads continued for several hours, with each trying to inflict damage upon the other, the Merrimac attempting simultaneously yet unsuccessfully to attack the nearby remaining Northern ships. The Monitor, small, nimble, and quick, protected the ships from further damage, and eventually the Merrimac retired leaking to its port.
Ericsson, who had had a number of professional disappointments, was now vindicated and rewarded, and went on to work in maritime and naval technology and experiment with various sources of power—steam, electric, solar. Three Navy ships have been named after him, and in 1926 the monument pictured above, created by sculptor James Earle Fraser, was dedicated to him. There sits Ericsson (curiously, looking inland rather than out over the Potomac) beneath the Norse World Tree, with Vision standing behind him, flanked by Labor and a Viking warrior. It's one of your more surprising Washington, DC sculptures. Go have a look.
Although Ericsson regularly sent funds for the support of that son and wife back in Sweden and England, his true passion was engineering, and neither ever joined him in the New World. Thus his days and nights were uninterrupted by the distracting joys and troubles of family life. Ericsson had a reputation for being stubborn, imperious, and single-minded, and perhaps these qualities do not a family man make… but they might enable one to overcome opposition and discouragement and press forward undespairing. Happy Birthday, husband and father of the Monitor.
In honor of Earth Day. | {
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Third Course of Lectures at the Surrey Institution—The 'London Magazine'—Death of the Rev. Mr. Hazlitt.
The third series of lectures at the Surrey Institution was delivered in the spring of 1820. The ground taken up by this new course was the Dramatic Literature of the Age of Elizabeth; and the subject, as arranged for treatment by Mr. Hazlitt, formed eight rather considerable sections.
Jolly good ale and old.
This explanation may be serviceable and not wholly superfluous, as the title of the lectures, both as spoken and printed, implies a less extended range of inquiry, and does not adequately describe a survey embracing several of the prose writers of Elizabeth's day and most of the Caroline series.
There is a review of this concluding series, with extracts, in the first volume of the London Magazine a new periodical now launched by Messrs. Taylor and Hessey.
258 HIS STATION IN LITERATURE.
* This is his own expression, but he did not make use of it till some years later.
his unquestioned abilities. For such a writer the path to fortune was surely easy and smooth enough. For such a writer it might have been.
He had been at Winterslow when the two Hunts wrote to him in September, 1819. He had begun to spend a good deal of his time there, not at the old house in the village, but at the Hut, a coaching inn on the border of Salisbury Plain.
The fact is, that the small property bequeathed by Lieutenant Stoddart to his daughter had been sold some years after Miss Stoddart's marriage, and the money was handed over to Dr. Stoddart, her brother, in consideration of an annuity, rather exceeding in amount the sum which Mrs. Hazlitt would have realized by the ordinary rate of interest.
260 ARRIVAL OF THE NEWS AT WINTERSLOW.
mutton and turnips under that roof before or after 1798.
Winswood, the house in which he lived, was a commodious, rambling place of the old-fashioned stamp, with a good garden, and more than sufficient accommodation for his small circle. The rent was 24l. a year only, but this taxed quite severely enough his modest resources.
The family did not know at first where to address my grandfather—he was a very bad correspondent—and I conceive it to be extremely possible that, since his removal from home, he never traced a line to his father, or mother, or sister. Then, which is equally strange, he never held any epistolary communication, if he could help it, with wife, son, or publisher; and friends of thirty years' standing were without a scrap of his handwriting. It was an idiosyncrasy.
* Mrs. Armistead's children. Mrs. A. was one of the residents at Winterslow. More of her, by-and-by.
† John Hazlitt's eldest daughter.
‡ John Hazlitt's second daughter.
weak and ill; it will be a long time before she recovers the distress and fatigue she has gone through. I am afraid I have not written very clearly, as my head is so confused for want of sleep. The habit of watching for so long a time prevents my sleeping now. I hope I shall get better soon, and be able to eat more than I do at present. Harriet had a letter from her father this week; he still talks of going to Glasgow, but is not yet gone; her mother and the children are at Portsmouth; what she intends or can do I can't think. Harriet had three letters from Barbadoes* last week. Mr. Stewart† talks of being here in about six weeks.
* "Where her brother William, John Hazlitt's only son, had settled.
† Who afterwards married Harriet Hazlitt.
‡ The Rev. G. P. Hinton, already mentioned. Mr. Hinton, and not Mr. Hazlitt, prepared the memoir, and sent it to the 'Repository.' See vol. xv. p. 677-9.
are. We all unite in love to you. I have no more to say, but farewell, and may God bless you.
It must have been about the same time that Mrs. Hazlitt lost her mother, old Mrs. Loftus, of Wisbeach, who lived to be ninety-nine, and had her portrait painted at ninety-six by John Hazlitt. Mrs. Loftus lived latterly at Peterborough, where she sat for her picture, and where she died.
264 THE CLERICAL CHARACTER EXEMPLIFIED.
The Rev. Mr. Hazlitt left behind him four* volumes of sermons, excellent alike in matter and style, and also several separate discourses. Some of these appeared in the 'Monthly Repository,' under the pseudonyms of "Rationalis" or "Philalethes," and one was published at Philadelphia, in 1783, 8vo. He was a correspondent of Dr. Priestley; and the editor of 'Priestley's Life and Letters' prints a letter from Dr. P. to Dr. Price, in which the former quotes a passage† from one he had received from the Rev. Mr. H.
* 1. A Thanksgiving Sermon [on Psalm cvii., 8]. Boston, U.S., 1786. 8vo.
2. Discourses [x.] for the use of Families, on the advantages of a Free Inquiry, and on the Study of the Scriptures. By W. Hazlitt, M.A. London, 1790. 8vo.
3. Sermons for the use of Families. By W. Hazlitt, A.M. London, 1808. 8vo. 2 vols.
"I am not so much surprised as probably some of your readers at the mortifying account which has been published in your work (p. 9) of the brutality of Sterne to his mother. For, above forty years ago, as I was travelling in a coach from Bath to London, my companion, a Dr. Marriot, who was his near neighbour, gave me such a character of the man as filled me with unfavourable impressions of him ever since. Being then a young man, and, like most other young men, being too forward to show my opinion of men and books, I began to express my high admiration of the writings of Sterne, and to pass unqualified eulogiums upon him, as a man possessed of the finest feelings and philanthropy.
268 THE REV. MR. HAZLITT UPON STERNE.
bour; and that of all the men he ever knew he was the most devoid of the feelings of humanity, or of everything that we call sympathy.
"As one proof of this, the Doctor told me that his daughter had some acquaintance with Miss Sterne, and therefore that she frequently passed an afternoon at his house; that Miss Sterne was subject to violent epileptic fits; that she had been lately seized with one of these, which was accompanied with such alarming symptoms, as made him and his daughter apprehend that she was dying; that they therefore sent to Mr. Sterne to apprize him of the circumstance, and to come to them immediately.
"After waiting for some time in anxious expectation, the gentleman made his appearance, and seeing his daughter agonized upon the floor, and seemingly ready to expire, he coolly observed that she would be well again presently, and that he could not stop a moment, being engaged to play the first fiddle at York that night. Thus he took his leave, and hastily hurried out of the house.
"We cannot therefore conclude with any certainty what a man feels from the pathos of his writings, unless we have an intimate acquaintance with the man himself; unless we can prove from his actions that his high-wrought descriptions are the index of his mind. It is even possible, as the philosopher Moies asserted, that a man of no feeling may succeed best in giving us a finished picture of distress.
time to dress it to the popular taste, by ornamenting it with all the nick-nackery which it will bear?
"The man, however, who feels and suffers in a high degree, must express himself strongly on a subject which affects him, though he does not go out of his way to introduce any artful embellishment.
"I intended to have attempted an explanation of this, but rather wish to have this done by some of your ingenious correspondents. I shall only observe, that notwithstanding all the admiration which Sterne's 'Maria' has produced, he could not, to save his life, have written anything equal to David's lamentation over Absalom. He would, like Dr. Swift, if in his situation, have been proud and witty, even when deploring the death of his lovely Stella.
I could relate some singular tales of that household at Winswood, if I had the slightest hope that they would interest anybody but those who are immediately connected with me: of the old gentleman being once nearly killed by a swan; of his love for snuff and barley-sugar, and of his keeping both in the same waistcoat-pocket; of his occasional playfulness, and of his wife's little jealousies; of Peggy's sexagenarian girlhood; and of their boarder, Miss Emmet, a sister of Robert Emmet, the Irish insurgent. I am not sure that some of these anecdotes would not illustrate usefully the English country life of half a century ago.
The clergyman's widow had been in her young days a very handsome person. She was a wife at twenty, and a mother at twenty-one; but almost as many years afterwards, when she went with her husband, "my Mr. Hazlitt," to America, the captain of the vessel was more pressing in his attentions than the minister found agreeable.
So she had not parted with her good looks at forty, and she lived to be over ninety, to get a third set of teeth, and to thread Peggy's needles.
Old Mrs. Hazlitt and her mother, Mrs. Loftus, were certainly a very remarkable couple. Mrs. Loftus was born in the reign of George I., and might have very well known a person who had seen Charles I., and remembered the Revolution of '88; and she survived till her great-grandson, who is not fifty-six yet, was a boy of eight or nine. Mrs. Hazlitt herself was born in 1746, and witnessed the accession of Queen Victoria.
I have been unconsciously wandering very far from the main subject; but the occasion was too seductive to be resisted. Besides, the space will not have been ill-bestowed, if I have succeeded in showing that the Rev. Mr. Hazlitt was not merely the father of his son William, but the parent of his son's genius; and that the seeds, which only came to full maturity a generation later, were in that "poor Irish lad" who left the cradle of the Hazlitts' to seek a better fortune—and who lived to win a respect, from all who were admitted to his acquaintance, which few men of any rank gain, and even fewer perhaps deserve.
William Bates (1625-1699) Educated at Cambridge, he was a friend of Richard Baxter and an influential dissenting minister in London and Hackney.
Edmund Calamy (1671-1732) Nonconformist divine whose biographies of ejected ministers were collected and abridged by Samuel Palmer as Nonconformist's Memorial (1775).
George Darley [John Lacy] (1795-1846) Irish writer educated at Trinity College, Dublin; he wrote for the London Magazine and Athenaeum and published poems, plays, and textbooks on mathematics and astronomy.
John Colin Dunlop (d. 1842) Scottish lawyer and literary critic educated at Edinburgh University; he published History of Fiction, 3 vols (1814) and was sheriff-depute of Renfrewshire (1816-42).
Robert Emmet (1778-1803) Educated at Trinity College, Dublin, he was a United Irishman allied with the French executed for plotting a rebellion.
William Hazlitt (d. 1885) The only son of the painter John Hazlitt and nephew of the essayist; he emigrated to Barbadoes and died in Port Louis, Mauritius.
John Howe (1630-1705) Educated at Oxford and Cambridge, he was a Presbyterian minister aligned with Richard Baxter and a prolific theologian.
Johannes Huss (1369-1415) Czech religious reformer who was condemned as a heretic and burned.
Nathaniel Lardner (1684-1768) Educated at the Hoxton Square Academy, he was a Presbyterian divine and friend of Archbishop Secker who corresponded with Philip Doddridge.
Randolph Marriott (1700 c.-1782) Educated at Pembroke College, Cambridge, he was rector of Darfield, Yorkshire (1732-82), where he was a neighbor of Laurence Sterne.
Daniel Neal (1678-1743) Educated at Merchant Taylors' School, he was an Independent minister in London, friend of Phillip Doddridge and Isaac Watts, and author of a long-reprinted History of the Puritans.
John Stoddart (1742-1803) Lieutenant in the Royal Navy (1763) who commanded a press gang in Southampton; he was the father of Sir John Stoddart.
John Taylor (1781-1864) Publisher of the London Magazine and poems of John Keats, and a prolific writer in his own right.
Harriet Upham [née Hazlitt] (1802-1882) The eldest daughter of the painter John Hazlitt; in 1822 she married James Stewart of the Royal Navy, and after his death the bookseller and clerk in the tithe commission, Charles Upham (d. 1873) of Exeter and London.
Thomas Griffiths Wainewright [Janus Weathercock] (1794-1847) The grandson of Ralph Griffiths of the Monthly Review; he was a dandy, a painter who exhibited at the Royal Academy, essayist for the London Magazine, and criminal transported to Australia for forgery. He is thought to have murdered several persons.
The Yellow Dwarf: a Weekly Miscellany. (1787-94). A political weekly published by John Hunt and edited by William Hazlitt; 21 numbers appeared.
Gammer Gurton's Nedle. (London: 1575). A rhymed comedy first performed in 1566, now attributed to William Stevenson. It was reprinted in Robert Dodsley's Collection of Old Plays.
Edmund Calamy (1671-1732) An Abridgment of Mr. Baxter's History of his Life and Times: with an Account of many others of those Worthy Ministers who were ejected after the Restauration of King Charles the Second. (London: T. Parkhurst, 1702). Extended in later editions.
William Hazlitt (1737-1820) Discourses for the Use of Families: on the Advantages of a Free Enquiry, and on the Study of the Scriptures. (London: J. Johnson, 1790).
William Hazlitt (1737-1820) Sermons for the Use of Families. (London: J. Johnson, 1808).
William Hazlitt (1737-1820) A Thanksgiving Sermon. (Boston: 1786).
William Hazlitt (1778-1830) Lectures chiefly on the Dramatic Literature of the Age of Elizabeth. Delivered at the Surry Institution. (London: Stodart and Steuart , 1821).
William Hazlitt (1778-1830) "My First Acquaintance with the Poets" in The Liberal. Vol. 2 No. 3 (April 1823): 23-46.
William Hazlitt (1778-1830) "On the Clerical Character" in Yellow Dwarf. (24, 31 January, 7 February 1818).
William Hazlitt (1778-1830) "On the Fear of Death" in Table-talk, or, Original Essays. 2 vols (London: John Warren, 1821-1822).
William Hazlitt (1778-1830) Table-talk, or, Original Essays. 2 vols (London: John Warren, 1821-1822). A collection of essays by the author of the "Table-Talk" columns in the London and New Monthly magazines.
Nathaniel Lardner (1684-1768) The Credibility of the Gospel History. 12 vols (London: 1727–1755).
Daniel Neal (1678-1743) The History of the Puritans or Protestant Non-conformists, from the Reformation to the Death of Queen Elizabeth. 4 vols (London: R. Hett, 1732-1738). Long reprinted.
Joseph Priestley (1733-1804) Memoirs of Dr. Joseph Priestley, to the Year 1795. 2 vols (London: J. Johnson, 1806-1807). By Priestly, completed by his son Joseph Priestley.
Laurence Sterne (1713-1768) A Sentimental Journey through France and Italy. 2 vols (London: T. Becket and P.A. De Hondt, 1768). | {
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Q: Google Drive - 403 insufficient permission uploading file but not creating folder I am trying to add Google Drive support to one of my apps using a private app data folder. I have sign-in working with the GIDSignIn class and the scope set to kGTLRAuthScopeDriveAppdata. Once I am signed in, I can create folders and get a file listing that shows the folders are there, then I can delete the folders and the file listing shows that they are gone. But for some reason when I try to upload a file I get a 403 error ("The user does not have sufficient permissions for this file."). This happens whether I try to put the file in the root of the app data folder or into a folder I have created.
I have set up a project in the Google Developer Console. I have an API key configured to work with my app's bundle ID and given it unrestricted API access. The Google Drive API is enabled.
My code is adapted from Google's own samples so a lot of this may look quite familiar. I've trimmed down the sign-in handling since that appears to be working fine.
- (instancetype) init
{
self = [super init];
if (!self) return nil;
[GIDSignIn sharedInstance].clientID = (NSString *)kGoogleClientId;
//kGoogleClientId is the ID from the developer console.
[GIDSignIn sharedInstance].delegate = self;
[GIDSignIn sharedInstance].scopes = @[kGTLRAuthScopeDriveAppdata];
return self;
}
//GIDSignInDelegate method
- (void) signIn:(GIDSignIn *)signIn didSignInForUser:(GIDGoogleUser *)user withError:(NSError *)error
{
authenticatedUser = user; //authenticatedUser is an instance variable
NSLog(@"Signed in to Google Drive with user %@", user.profile.name);
[delegate GoogleDriveDidSignIn:self];
}
- (GTLRDriveService *) driveService
{
static GTLRDriveService *service;
static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
dispatch_once(&onceToken,
^{
service = [[GTLRDriveService alloc] init];
service.APIKey = (NSString *)kGoogleApiKey;
//kGoogleApiKey matches the developer console too. It has unrestricted API access and is tied to my bundle ID
service.APIKeyRestrictionBundleID = [[NSBundle mainBundle] bundleIdentifier];
service.shouldFetchNextPages = YES;
service.retryEnabled = YES;
});
service.authorizer = authenticatedUser.authentication.fetcherAuthorizer;
//authenticatedUser is an instance variable which stores the user information returned by
//GIDSignIn when the user signs in
return service;
}
- (void) createFolderNamed:(NSString *)folderName completionHandler:(void(^)(NSString *foldername, NSString *newFolderId))completionHandler
{
GoogleDriveHandler * __weak weakself = self;
GTLRDriveService *service = [self driveService];
GTLRDrive_File *folder = [GTLRDrive_File object];
folder.name = folderName;
folder.mimeType = (NSString *)kMimeType_GoogleDriveFolder;
folder.parents = @[@"appDataFolder"];
GTLRDriveQuery_FilesCreate *query = [GTLRDriveQuery_FilesCreate queryWithObject:folder uploadParameters:nil];
[service executeQuery:query completionHandler:^(GTLRServiceTicket * _Nonnull callbackTicket, id _Nullable object, NSError * _Nullable callbackError)
{
if (callbackError)
{
NSLog(@"-createFolderNamed: callbackError: %@", callbackError.localizedDescription);
}
else
{
GTLRDrive_File *createdFolder = (GTLRDrive_File *)object;
if ( [createdFolder.mimeType isEqualToString:(NSString *)kMimeType_GoogleDriveFolder] )
{
NSLog(@"Google Drive created folder named \"%@\" with identifier \"%@\" and mime-type \"%@\"", createdFolder.name, createdFolder.identifier, createdFolder.mimeType);
}
else
{
NSLog(@"Error : Attempted to create folder, but Google Drive created item named \"%@\" with identifier \"%@\" and mime-type \"%@\"", createdFolder.name, createdFolder.identifier, createdFolder.mimeType);
}
}
}];
}
- (void) writeFileAtUrl:(NSURL *)source toFolderWithId:(NSString *)folderId completionHandler:(void(^)(NSString *filename, NSString *newFileId))completionHandler
{
GoogleDriveHandler * __weak weakself = self;
GTLRDriveService *service = [self driveService];
GTLRDrive_File *file = [GTLRDrive_File object];
file.name = source.lastPathComponent;
file.mimeType = @"binary/octet-stream";
file.parents = @[folderId];
file.spaces = @[@"appDataFolder"];
GTLRUploadParameters *parameters = [GTLRUploadParameters uploadParametersWithFileURL:source MIMEType:@"binary/octet-stream"];
parameters.shouldUploadWithSingleRequest = YES;
GTLRDriveQuery_FilesCreate *query = [GTLRDriveQuery_FilesCreate queryWithObject:file uploadParameters:parameters];
query.fields = @"id";
[service executeQuery:query completionHandler:^(GTLRServiceTicket * _Nonnull callbackTicket, id _Nullable object, NSError * _Nullable callbackError)
{
if (callbackTicket.statusCode == 200)
{
GTLRDrive_File *createdFile = (GTLRDrive_File *)object;
NSLog(@"Wrote file %@ in Google Drive folder %@", createdFile.name, folderId);
if (completionHandler) completionHandler(createdFile.name, createdFile.identifier);
}
else
{
NSLog(@"-writeFileAtUrl:toFolderWithId:completionHandler: status code = %li : callbackError: %@", callbackTicket.statusCode, callbackError.localizedDescription);
}
}];
}
As an example, I've tried doing this after GIDSignIn logs in:
NSURL *sampleFile = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:@"AValidTestFile" withExtension:@"png"];
if (sampleFile)
{
[self writeFileAtUrl:sampleFile toFolderWithId:@"appDataFolder" completionHandler:^(NSString *filename, NSString *newFileId)
{
NSLog(@"Uploaded file %@ with ID %@", filename, newFileId);
}];
}
I still just get a 403 error.
At this point, I've read a huge number of tutorials, blog posts and forum threads in several different programming languages. I've gone over my own code several times and added an insane number of logging statements to double check everything, but I can't work out how I can have permission to create folders, but not to put files in them.
Some time later...
If you go through the credential wizard in the Google Console (rather than just selecting an iOS credential because you're creating an iOS app), you get a message which says "Application data cannot be accessed securely from iOS. Please consider selecting another platform" and it refuses to create a credential for you. Is it possible that this just doesn't work, despite the SDK having the necessary constants?
A: For those who follow after me, I think I've concluded that using the appDataFolder in iOS just doesn't work.
Having switched to using a folder in the Drive space, I've also found that the -uploadParametersWithFileURL:MIMEType: method of GTLRUploadParameters doesn't work. When I use that I get a file called 'Untitled' (containing the file metadata I set in my GTLRDrive_File object) in the root of the drive. As soon as I switched to -uploadParametersWithData:MIMEType: I got the correct file in the correct place.
I suppose the lesson so far is that if something isn't working, assume it's the SDK.
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Winners announced in Young Financial Journalist of the Year competition
21 March, 2017Eoghan Hughes
Two students, from De Salis Studio College in Hayes and Queen Elizabeth School in Barnet, have shared first prize in the 2017 Young Financial Journalist of the Year competition.
Nida Hossain, 14, from De Salis won in the 14-16 category, while Nikhil Shah, 17, from Queen Elizabeth triumphed in the 17-19 age group, with both successfully discussing how financial education will help them meet the challenges they will face throughout their lives.
The Young Financial Journalist of the Year is a national competition, run by financial education charity, The London Institute of Banking & Finance. It is designed to encourage teenagers to consider some of the main financial issues they may encounter, from student loans and debt to pensions and savings. The competition also asks them to consider how financial planning and understanding will help them throughout their lives.
Both students will now win £150 each, having been chosen as the winners by BBC Business Presenter Steph McGovern from a multitude of entries.
Steph McGovern, BBC Business Presenter and judge of the competition, said:
"Both entries instantly grabbed my attention with their understanding of a complex array of subject material and the clarity and engagement in which they presented their arguments. In both pieces the personality of the writing shone through and they had clearly done a lot of research into the many challenges young people will face."
Alison Pask, Managing Director, Financial Capability & Community Outreach, at The London Institute of Banking & Finance, said:
"The Young Financial Journalist of the Year competition encourages teenagers to think broadly about their futures and the financial challenges they may encounter, not only now, but also in the short and long-term. It also develops a range of skills, from research and planning to writing and communication which will help them in their wider studies.
"This year we intentionally chose an open question which would test the competitors' creative thinking and financial understanding and consequently the standard was particularly high. Our congratulations go to Nida and Nikhil for their winning entries and we wish them every success in honing their journalistic skills and financial understanding even further."
For more information on The London Institute of Banking & Finance's financial capability programmes, please visit: www.libf.ac.uk/study/financial-capability | {
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The Florida Times-Union
Gene Frenette: It's time for Georgia football to exorcise Nick Saban, Alabama demon
Nick Saban
Gene Frenette, Florida Times-Union
American football coach
Georgia quarterback Stetson Bennett (13), seen here celebrating with fans after beating Georgia Tech last week, is an underappreciated player and leads the nation in several important stat categories. The former walk-on has kept the job over the much-hyped JT Daniels.
For the past month, Georgia has made it close to impossible to get off the narrative that this feels like the Bulldogs' time to win their first national championship in 41 years.
Everything about their lethal defense, which is tops in the country in total yards (230.8 yards), points allowed (6.92) and red-zone scoring (6 TDs in 22 attempts) by wide margins, has screamed out dominance. Georgia's front seven, led by Jordan Davis, Nakobe Dean, Channing Tindall and Travon Walker, consistently puts opponents on lockdown.
But Saturday's SEC Championship showdown against Alabama and the Nick Saban dynasty is a mental hurdle for Kirby Smart's team. The Crimson Tide has won the last six meetings, including two in the SEC title game and the 2018 national championship on a 41-yard TD pass from Tua Tagovailoa to DeVonta Smith on 2nd-and-26 in overtime.
Win or lose, Georgia will likely have a spot in the College Football Playoff, but this is also a chance to exorcise a demon and take 'Bama out of the national title hunt. The Tide needed a 97-yard, game-tying TD drive last week to overcome unranked Auburn 24-22 in overtime, another sign the six-time national champion under Saban is plenty vulnerable.
Many believe a big edge for 'Bama is at quarterback with Heisman Trophy candidate Bryce Young, but don't discount the production of Stetson Bennett. The former Georgia walk-on has had a meteoric rise this season and kept the much-hyped JT Daniels on the bench.
Alabama coach Nick Saban and his Crimson Tide have won the last six meetings against Georgia. The Bulldogs have never been in a better position than Saturday's SEC Championship game to exorcise that demon.
Believe it or not, Bennett tops all Power 5 quarterbacks in passing efficiency (188.55), yards per attempt (10.84 yards) and yards per completion (16.7 yards).
So Georgia has a dependable quarterback, a ferocious defense comparable to the best Saban unit has ever had in Tuscaloosa, and has outscored eight SEC opponents by an average margin of 41-8. On the other side, 'Bama has played five one-score SEC games, losing to Texas A&M by a field goal and winning the other four by 2, 6, 7 and 2 points.
This prediction comes with one caveat for the Bulldogs: don't let this game be a tossup in the fourth quarter. Georgia 34, Alabama 24. . . .
Even if chaos happens on Championship Saturday and the teams ranked No. 2 (Michigan), 3 (Alabama) and 4 (Cincinnati) all lose, Notre Dame doesn't belong in the College Football Playoff. When you consider the combined record of the Fighting Irish opponents at 59-71 (worst among CFP top 10) and the absence of a quality win, it's almost a travesty that No. 6 ND could sneak into the playoff if the correct dominos fall.
Now Cincinnati also has a dreadful schedule, but at least the Bearcats have the trump card of beating Notre Dame on the road. I'd argue several teams who finish with two losses — Ole Miss, Ohio State, Alabama (if it loses close to Georgia) and Baylor (if it beats Oklahoma State) — would have better resumes worthy of a CFP bid over the Irish.
Committee chairman Gary Barta has also said ND head coach Brian Kelly leaving for LSU could factor into their playoff fate, which is a ridiculous penalty for the players. Kelly may look like a mercenary and snake oil salesman for leaving a potential CFP team, but his players don't deserve to suffer for it. The bigger point is if strength of schedule truly matters in the CFP equation, Notre Dame should already be out of consideration, regardless of Kelly being Baton Rouge-bound. . . .
Odd point spread: the Louisiana Ragin' Cajuns, coached by incoming Florida boss Billy Napier, are a 3-point underdog at home against Appalachian State in the Sun Belt championship game. Two months ago, Napier's team beat ASU 41-13 at Cajun Field and outgained the Mountaineers 455-211. . . .
The Atlanta Falcons extended their NFL-best streak of not allowing a 100-yard rusher to 28 games in last week's 21-14 win over the Jaguars. Give an assist to Urban Meyer and his staff for preserving that streak by keeping James Robinson (17 carries, 86 yards) off the field for the last 16 plays of the first half. . . .
Jaguars' punter Logan Cooke and his nurse wife, Mary, got involved with Zoe Ministries over the summer to help the village of Three Rivers on the Kenya/Uganda border in Africa have access to clean water. Logan wouldn't divulge the cost of financing a project to dig a well, but he and Mary were sent pictures of the water taken from a nearby river, which villagers often drank, and another from the well water.
"It was cool to see the difference in the water they were drinking," said Cooke, who will wear Zoe Ministries cleats for Sunday's game against the Los Angeles Rams. "One looks like water out of that pond [near TIAA Bank Field] and you can't see through it. The other is as clear as Aquafina." The Cookes are planning a trip to Africa in June to get a close-up look at Three Rivers Village and the well they financed. . . .
Of all the Jaguars' lowly statistics this season, none makes winning more difficult than Joe Cullen's defense having an NFL-low six takeaways (5 interceptions, one fumble recovery) in 11 games. That number is more alarming when you consider in the previous decade, where the Jaguars had a record of 44-116, they still averaged 19.4 takeaways per year. . . .
Remember when athletic directors all over the country were complaining about money problems during the COVID-19 pandemic? Well, they didn't have trouble coming up with over $100 million in buyout money so far this season to either fire Power 5 coaches — among them Florida's Dan Mullen, LSU's Ed Orgeron, Washington's Jimmy Lake, Virginia Tech's Justin Fuente, TCU's Gary Patterson and USC's Clay Helton — or pay the previous employer's buyout terms for hiring a new coach.
By increasing the arms race of investing in coaches to unconscionable levels, presidents and athletic directors across the landscape have made college football a paragon of hypocrisy. . . .
Oklahoma deserves no applause for the publicity stunt of letting retired coaching legend Bob Stoops be the interim coach for the Sooners' bowl game. Unless this is some sort of trial run to see if Stoops and OU are game for a long-term reunion, that opportunity should have gone to a deserving staff member who could benefit from the experience. . . .
I've heard a ton of testimonials for giving to Tom Coughlin's Jay Fund the past 25 years, but none more powerful than listening to Michelle Birt and her husband, Matthew, tell their moving story on 1010XL-AM and the "Frank Frangie Show" on Wednesday. The couple relayed several stories about the many challenges faced by their 16-year-old son, Talen, who battled cancer for several years before passing away on July 8.
Michelle got emotional on the air when talking about receiving a notice for her son's funeral expenses, then repeatedly told the listeners, "Balance paid in full" by the Jay Fund. If that doesn't tug at your heartstrings, nothing will. . . .
Pigskin forecast: Los Angeles Ramseys over Jaguars by 10 (back ailments); Buffalo Bills over New England Patriots by 3 (extra days of rest); Baylor over Oklahoma State by 1 (cold dish of revenge); Michigan over Iowa by 4 (Ohio State hangover remedies); Houston over Cincinnati by 1 (revoked CFP reservation). Last week: 4 right, 2 MLB lockout prospects.
[email protected]: (904) 359-4540
This article originally appeared on Florida Times-Union: Gene Frenette: Time for Georgia football to exorcise Saban-Alabama demon
Breaking and entering suspect due in court
Central Pennsylvania wind advisory in effect until 7 p.m.
WGAL - Lancaster/Harrisburg
Monday Mystery: Months after leaving office President Taft revealed a big secret
The Augusta Chronicle
At least 2 dead, tens of thousands without power as brutal winter storm slams South
Things to do in Vermont: January arts, entertainment events kick off the new year
The Burlington Free Press
Good grades? Check out these NFL playoff marks on KC Chiefs' report card vs. Steelers
Bishop provides impassioned remarks during Atlanta MLK commemorative service
Tenants at the Walker-Daniel House highlight safety issues and lack of property management
WMAR- Baltimore Scripps | {
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Tooth implants services from dental surgery based in London, UK.
Oram Plus is an all-natural tooth-care alternative for people who would rather not to use flouride-based products.
Pfingst products meet the needs of skilled professionals and artisans to be able to efficiently cut, shape, and polish solid materials on a very small scale. Rotary tools such as burs, abrasives, and polishers are particularly useful when working with tooth enamel, gemstones, jewelry metals, and decorative hardwood items. As rotary tools gained acceptance in the dental field, jewelers, craftsman, hobbyists, and podiatrists realized the benefits of using them for other applications. Over the last century, many new bur shapes and sizes have been developed to accommodate these growing markets and their unique requirements. These precision products are manufactured to exacting standards using a broad range of materials, including stainless steel, carbide alloys, sintered diamonds, and silicone. | {
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Seaspan adds six ships to container cargo fleet in US$380 million deal
Vancouver-based company, the world's largest charter owner and manager of container ships, will have a container cargo capacity of close to one million TEUs once acquisition is closed
By Timothy Renshaw | November 14, 2019, 10:19am
Seaspan's 13,000-TEU COSCO Excellence, which is chartered to China's COSCO Shipping Lines | Submitted
The world's largest charter owner and manager of container ships keeps getting larger.
Vancouver-based Seaspan Corp. (NYSE:SSW) announced today (November 14) that it has agreed to buy a fleet of six containerships for approximately US$380 million in cash.
The deal, which will be financed via borrowings and cash on hand, is expected to close in December.
The acquisition will increase Seaspan's container cargo fleet to 119 ships. Its capacity will be approximately one million 20-foot-equivalent units (TEUs) and give it a 7.7% share in a global container cargo fleet that shipping data company Alphaliner estimates now has a capacity exceeding 23 million TEUs.
Bing Chen, Seaspan's president and CEO, dubbed the deal a "win-win outcome for one of our key financing partners, a key customer and for Seaspan … and [will] further cement Seaspan's position as the leading global independent charter owner and operator of containerships."
Seaspan's fleet has grown consistently from the 10 ships it had at its initial public offering on the New York Stock Exchange in August 2005.
Its customers include Hapag-Lloyd (ETR:HLAG), Maersk (CPH:-MAERSK-B), Yang Ming (TPE:2609) and other top international container shipping lines.
Chen telegraphed the six-ship purchase during Seaspan's November 7 third-quarter earnings conference call when he noted that the company had closed a US$500 million "accordion to our portfolio financing program, increasing the financing to $1.5 billion."
He added that the company planned to continue to expand its fleet.
"We see increasing attractive opportunities among our network of partners and remain very focused on fleet growth at the right price."
Seaspan's Executive Vice-President and Chief Commercial and Technical Officer, Peter Curtis, noted during the conference call that the current marketplace, with its pockets of decreased asset values, provided Seaspan with acquisition opportunities.
Seaspan reported net earnings of US$43 million on revenue of $282.7 million for the quarter ending September 30.
Ryan Courson, Seaspan's Chief Financial Officer, said the 4% drop in revenue from 2018's third quarter resulted in part from lower containership lease rates.
Seaspan's nine-month revenue was up 5% to US$844 million.
[email protected]
@timothyrenshaw | {
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More 2015 alumni from Dudley HS have posted profiles on Classmates.com®. Click here to register for free at Classmates.com® and view other 2015 alumni.
The students that went to school at the Greensboro high school called Dudley High School and graduated in '15 are on this page. Register to add your name to the class of 2015 graduates list. | {
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Formula 1 Ladies Straps
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Black Watches
FORMULA 1: TAG HEUER EXTENDS ITS PARTNERSHIP WITH ASTON MARTIN RED BULL RACING TEAM
TAG Heuer and the Aston Martin Red Bull Racing Formula One Team extend their engine naming partnership for a further two seasons.
The TAG Heuer name will continue to feature
as part of the Team's designation in the official Constructors' listings
The TAG Heuer logo will continue to be seen
prominently on the car, drivers and members of the Team
In continuation of the current terms of the agreement,
the car name for the 2017 season will be the "Aston Martin Red Bull Racing - TAG Heuer RB13"
2016 marked the first time that a watch brand has had its name directly attached to
the name of a Formula One Constructor.
To coincide with the last Formula One Grand Prix of the season, Marc Biver, TAG Heuer Global Sports Director, and Christian Horner, Team Principal of Aston Martin Red Bull Racing, were joined by a number of guests and media today on the Rooftop of the Yas Viceroy Hotel on Yas Island to jointly announce that Aston Martin Red Bull Racing will continue to run with TAG Heuer branded engines for two more years, through the 2018 season. Together, they pressed a button to start a clock counting down to the next Grand Prix, which will take place in Australia on 26 March 2017. This fantastic gesture symbolises the partnership between these two brands for the coming seasons.
Marc Biver, TAG Heuer Global Sports Director stated: "Formula 1 is part of TAG Heuer's DNA. Aston Martin Red Bull Racing is a young, dynamic and driven team, perfectly in tune with our marketing strategy. This extension will give us even greater visibility, with a real focus on the future. We have a lot of different projects ahead of us in 2017, projects which are both creative and exciting. Our motto #DontCrackUnderPressure is our guiding principle in all our actions, with the support of the Aston Martin Red Bull Racing team and its highly contagious enthusiasm."
Christian Horner, Team Principal of Aston Martin Red Bull Racing added: "I am very pleased to be extending our engine partnership with TAG Heuer today. TAG Heuer and Aston Martin Red Bull Racing are two brands which both have a passion for racing and a drive to do things differently, and this forms the basis of our partnership. The TAG Heuer motto of 'Don't Crack Under Pressure' is something that we at Aston Martin Red Bull Racing live by day-to-day, so we look forward to helping TAG Heuer tell that story in the seasons ahead."
Already the Official Timekeeper, Official Watch and Team Performance Partner of the Aston Martin Red Bull Racing team, following an agreement signed in December 2015, it was the team's atypical approach to sport, performance and entertainment which appealed to TAG Heuer and which continues to be perfectly in line with the avant-garde Swiss watch brand's marketing strategy.
Beyond the visibility generated simply by featuring in the team designation which appears throughout all race broadcasts, TAG Heuer can also be seen on the drivers' helmets, their gloves, race suits, as well as on the team uniform and, of course, on the cars themselves; on the engine cover and chassis top. Naturally, the brand will also be supporting the team on their wrists — either with connected watches, with Formula 1 or with Carrera Heuer 01 models exclusive to the team.
TAG Heuer is also the founding partner and Official Timekeeper of the FIA Formula E Championship, Official Timekeeper of the legendary Carrera Panamericana and Pike's Peak in the USA, the Goodwood Festival of Speed, the Automobile Club de Monaco (ACM) and the Monaco and Macau Grands Prix, the Indy 500 in Indianapolis, and the Patrick Dempsey Racing team and WTCC endurance race. Ayrton Senna and Steve McQueen also remain members of the TAG Heuer family of ambassadors.
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Grape rust mites have been a nuisance pest in vineyards of western Oregon for years. They can be found living on grape tissues from early spring through summer. Grape rust mite has been known to cause shoot deformity early in the growing season with most notable damage in years when vines have delayed growth under cool conditions.
Being aware of the first signs and symptoms of rust mite infestation in early spring is important to determine if there is a problem. However, visual symptoms are not enough for action. It is critical to determine presence of grape rust mites before considering application of miticide sprays. The presence of high numbers of rust mites have been found to cause severe stunting of emerging buds and young shoots. For examples of these symptoms, see the grape rust mite section of the PNW Insect Management Handbook. There can be numerous other causes of stunted shoots, but with the hype of rust mite concerns, many growers blamed rust mites as the cause of all stunted shoots. As a result, there have been potentially unnecessary applications of miticides (sulfur, lime sulfur, stylet oil, or other miticide products) early in the season.
Using this method, we were able to determine a strong correlation of rust mite presence on stunted shoots early in the season. Damaged shoots often had hundreds of mites; there were over 100 mites found on shoots <10 cm in length using the rinse in bag protocol and up to 500 mites when evaluated upon subsequent extractions (Schreiner et al. 2014). Since there can be great variability in mite numbers and rapid growth of tissues early season, it is difficult to determine clear action thresholds. However, action is warranted if there is significant shoot stunting, deformity and confirmed high populations of rust mites. In-season sulfur sprays that are applied as a means to prevent powdery mildew has been found to keep rust mite populations in check (Schreiner et al. 2014). Current recommendations exist for early season rust mite control, and those can be found in the 2015 Pest Management Guide for Wine Grapes in Oregon.
Schreiner, R.P., P.A. Skinkis, and A.J. Dreves. 2014. A rapid method to assess grape rust mites on leaves and observations from case studies in Western Oregon vineyards. HortTechnology. 24: 38-47.
Did you know that September 21-27 is National Farm Safety Week? It's a good time to put on your learning cap and brush up on safety practices that will keep you and your employees safe. In honor of National Farm Safety Week, the Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences -Pacific Northwest Agricultural Safety & Health, is providing information from the Northwest and other NIOSH Regional Ag Centers. For more information, search online for #NFSW14.
1. What is your position at SOREC/OWRI?
I started my job at OSU-SOREC and the OWRI in January 2014 after receiving my doctorate at Cornell University in Ithaca, NY. My position is a combination of viticulture research (60%) and extension (40%), so an interesting mix of basic and applied research, as well as addressing issues faced by the grape and wine industry in Southern Oregon. In my position, I cover the Southern Oregon AVA (American Viticultural Area), which includes the Rogue (Bear Creek and Applegate Valleys), Illinois, and Umpqua Valleys.
The most interesting part about this job is the diversity of viticulture that exists in Southern Oregon. Sub-regional climates, soils, and topography contribute to this diversity, but the plethora of grape varieties – by some accounts up to 70! – from both warm and cool climates make my job not only interesting but also challenging. Can you tell the two Portuguese cultivars Tinta Amarella (Trincadeira, if you prefer) and Tinta Barocca apart by looking at just their leaves? Email me if you're curious to know how!
3. When you're not working, what do you do?
My time outside of the office or vineyard is spent working out (I compete in Olympic-distance triathlons, so a lot of swimming/biking/running/weight training), hiking the hills around Southern Oregon, playing golf, and reading (currently a book entitled 'The Sleepwalkers' by Christopher Clark, a Cambridge historian; it is about the events leading up to the first world war – quite a gripping story). I am trying to get back into playing competitive tennis and classical piano, but have yet to find time for these. I also enjoy home brewing and baking breads when I'm home over the weekends.
4. How did you choose your career path?
While pursuing my first degree in computer engineering, I had an old friend from high school visit me in Montreal who led me through my first structured tasting of wine (red was the color of the evening). This delightful experience led me to read and learn more about the world's wine regions, styles, and wine production, culminating in my enrolling at Brock University in Canada to do a degree in enology and viticulture. The mentorship I received while at Brock, and later at Cornell, were instrumental in my decision to pursue this career and current job at OSU/OWRI.
Take up a job you love and you'll be successful (and maybe even wealthy!) before you know it. I think at least part of it has come true already!
7. What is your vision for the Southern Oregon wine industry?
I see the wine industry in Southern Oregon as destined for greatness and popularity not only within Oregon but also across the country. With significant acreages being planted with winegrapes across the region, higher grape and wine quality from the greater experience of the industry, the profile and visibility of this region is steadily increasing. The diversity of available grape varieties and wine styles provide tremendous opportunities for this region. While Southern Oregon has a number of major tourist attractions, e.g. Crater Lake, the Britt and Oregon Shakespeare Festivals, I envision wine tourism growing in this small but dynamic region of Oregon.
The Oregon Department of Agriculture (ODA) has updated its grape quarantine rules and added Pierce's Disease (Xylella fastidiosa) to the already listed Grapevine fanleaf virus, grapevine leafroll associated viruses, grapevine corky bark disease agent, grape phylloxera, vine mealybug, and European grapevine moth. The quarantine places restrictions on the importation of all parts of the grapevine into Oregon including the harvested fruit. Please review the accompanying quarantine of Glassy-Wigned Sharpshooter as it is a vector of Pierce's disease.
Please take the time to review these important changes. To view them in more detail, please visit the ODA website at: http://www.oregon.gov/oda/Pages/default.aspx.
Rust mites can be a nuisance pest and require careful monitoring and assessment. Check out the post below written by Dr. Patty Skinkis, Viticulture Extension Specialist & Associate Professor, which provides information on how to deal with these pests.
Grape rust mites have been a nuisance pest in vineyards of western Oregon for years. They can be found living on grape tissues from early spring through summer. During late summer and into fall, they retreat to overwintering sites in the bark and bud scales. The grape rust mite has been known to cause shoot deformity early in the growing season and stippling of leaves as they advance into the upper canopy in summer. If populations are very high (hundreds to thousands per fully expanded leaf), the leaf tissue can begin to discolor, starting to turn a dark green, then purplish and finally a bronzed color in late summer to early fall. This discoloration can lead to reduced photosynthetic ability of the vines if a large percentage of the vine's leaf area is damaged.
Using this method, we were able to determine a strong correlation of stippling symptoms to rust mite presence on small shoots and leaves. The greater the stippling severity on the leaf, the greater the number of rust mites. The bronzing of leaves was also associated with high rust mite numbers, but the symptom was associated with feeding later in the summer on older leaf tissues. Now is your last chance to monitor your vineyards for these symptoms and verifying mite presence before the hustle of harvest. For examples of these symptoms, see the grape rust mite section of the PNW Insect Management Handbook.
If you find significant rust mite damage and presence, it is best to make note of those vineyard blocks that are most damaged and consider your management options for the future. In some cases, you may want to reevaluate your in-season fungicide program, as sulfur has been found to be effective at reducing or maintaining low rust mite populations. Also, it is best to know the infestation status of your vineyard now so that plans can be made to monitor and take action against rust mites shortly after bud break the following spring. Current recommendations exist for early season rust mite control, and those can be found in the pest management guide released by OSU Extension each spring.
The grapevine has a certain capacity to buffer itself in a changing environment without disrupting normal developmental processes. How different cultivars of Vitis vinifera respond to changing environmental conditions and viticultural practices beyond their buffering capacity are interesting research questions. It is complicated to consider these effects during a multi-dimensional developmental process like ripening. One approach to describe grape berry ripening is to treat whole clusters as a unit, aggregating all the berries within a cluster together for measurements, resulting in data that represents the average contribution of genes or metabolites during berry ripening. This approach overlooks dimensions of the ripening process at the berry level.
Research that we have conducted in the Deluc Lab found different ripening rates of berries within the same cluster. There is inherent variability within the cluster, the vine, and between vines. However, this is reduced as berries approach maturity in some cultivars. In examining how vineyard practices and changing environments affect fruit composition, we may be able to consider ripening within the cluster and the potential impact on ripening uniformity toward harvest, which we believe to be an indicator of increased quality. Within the Deluc Lab, we are researching the variability of individual berries during ripening to determine if this provides a more accurate depiction of the ripening process. We are collaborating with Drs. James Osborne and Elizabeth Tomasino to further study the effects that persistent berry variability has on fruit and wine composition and perceived wine quality.
During mid-véraison, there is significant variability of the berries within the cluster. Berries differ in size, softness, sugar content, and color. As grapes develop color near harvest, it may appear that variability is reduced. It is not clear whether or not variability is gone by harvest as this has not been researched extensively. A study conducted by Long (1987) revealed that the quality and complexity of a wine was dependent upon the average berry composition. Cluster heterogeneity at maturity was found to increase green characteristics from less ripe berries or jam-like characteristics from over-mature berries in wines produced. Likewise, this diversity of ripening states of berries within a cluster influenced phenolic maturity and wine composition at commercial harvest (Kontoudakis et al. 2012). In theory, we believe uniform cluster composition to be desirable for winemaking (Keller 2010). However, few studies have defined metrics for a "uniform" cluster. This is no simple task given that there are thousands of metabolites that comprise a grape berry and potentially contribute to fruit and wine quality.
The Deluc and Tomasino Labs conducted a research project in 2012 at OSU's Woodhall Vineyard to estimate the influence of berry variability on Merlot wine composition. At mid-véraison, 100 clusters were used to monitor the progression of berries that were either green or red at that time point. The pedicels of these two berry classes were tagged with paint. Each cluster was harvested six weeks after mid-véraison, and berries were sorted based on the initial tagging as the green or red groups. Non-tagged berries that represented the intermediate ripening stages between green and red berries were used as the control group. Each group of berries was fermented separately using micro-ferments.
Chemical analysis of wine esters showed significant differences between the red and green berry groups as well as differences to the control. The wine made from the green group contained lower concentrations of some esters, and wine made from the red group contained higher concentrations of different esters. Differences in esters correspond to red- and black-berry aromas in Merlot (Pineau et al. 2009). Wine sensory analysis also resulted in significant differences with control wines having more intense floral, jam, and spice aromas, and greater in-mouth fruit density. Wines from the green berry class had more intense herbal and green aromas, and wines of the red berry class had more intense dark fruit, red fruit, and spice aromas. When wines were assessed for quality using a scale of 1 (low) to 3 (high), control and green berry wine were ranked as higher quality than the red berry wine. We concluded that berry variability present in Merlot at harvest affects the sensory characteristics and chemical composition of the wine. Further experiments to quantify non-volatile compounds (anthocyanins, tannins, and other phenolic compounds) will be performed on these wines using the OSU Mass Spectrometry Facility to complement our sensory and volatile chemical data.
To better understand the mechanisms of grape ripening, we are faced with a myriad of questions about the source, regulation, and mediation of asynchronous ripening. Although we assume that homogeneity of berries is best and that a heterogeneous crop (more variably ripe berries) would result in poorer wines, the interpretation of what level of variability is acceptable for optimum wine quality is unknown. There are many avenues to pursue in this research, as cultural practices and environmental factors may exacerbate or reduce the amount of variability during berry development. Furthermore, the amount of berry variability within the cluster at harvest may differ among cultivars.
Keller, M. 2010. Managing grapevines to optimize fruit development in a challenging environment: A climate change primer for viticulturists. Aust. J. Grape Wine Res. 16:56-69.
Kontoudakis, N., M. Esteruelas, F. Fort, J.M. Canals, V. De Freitas, and F. Zamora. 2011. Influence of the heterogeneity of grape phenolic maturity on wine composition and quality. Food Chem. 124:767-774.
Long, Z.R. 1987. Manipulation of grape flavour in the vineyard: California, North Coast region. In Proceedings of the Sixth Australian Wine Industry Technical Conference, Adelaide, July 1986. T.H. Lee (ed.), pp. 82-88. Australian Industrial Publishers, Adelaide.
Pineau, B., J.C. Barbe, C.V. Leeuwen, and D. Dubourdiea. 2009. Examples of perceptive interactions involved in specific "Red-" and "Black-berry"aromas in red wines. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 57:3702-3708.
Selvaraj, Y., D.K. Pal, R. Singh, and T.K. Roy. 1995. Biochemistry of uneven ripening in Gulabi grape. J. Food Biochem. 18:325-340.
Grape berry development involves natural biological programs that occur in succession during the growing season. These biological programs are what direct cell division, growth, and fruit ripening. Environmental factors such as light, temperature, water, and nutrient status of the vine affect the development of berries in this process. Within the grapevine, many hormones interact in response to environmental stimuli and coordinate the processes of fruit ripening. However, all berries within a cluster do not go through the ripening process at the same rate. At any given time, some berries will be more developed than others. This phenomenon of uneven ripening is called "asynchrony," and the variability among berries is most noticeable during mid-véraison.
To understand this phenomenon of asynchrony, we conducted research in Pinot Noir across four years (2010 to 2013). Berries were classified into four groups based on their level of development at mid-véraison as measured by color and softness. These classes include green-hard, green-soft, pink-soft, and red-soft. These berries were at different ripeness states and represented the transition of berries during véraison. Those green berries that were lagging behind in development had transitioned through pink and then red stages at a later time.
To determine ripening development, we monitored individual berries as they advanced from the various stages to the red-soft stage on intervals of 6, 10, and 13 days for pink-soft, green-soft, and green-hard berry classes, respectively. We found that once the lagging berry classes reach their corresponding red-soft stage, they develop at a faster rate during the two weeks following mid-véraison than their riper counterparts. This enhancement in the ripening rate of lagging berries resulted in reduced variability within a cluster at harvest with respect to sugar and pigments (color). This mechanism is known as "ripening synchronicity," and it involves changes in gene expression and hormones involved in ripening, suggesting that a coordinated mechanism of control is occurring at the genetic level (Gouthu et al., in progress).
Vineyard management practices such as cluster-zone leaf removal, cluster thinning, and deficit irrigation have been used for decades to improve fruit quality and achieve more uniform ripening. Several genomic studies focused on understanding the changes in gene expression of berries within a cluster due to selective defoliation (Pastore et al. 2013), cluster thinning (Pastore et al. 2011) and water deficit (Deluc et al. 2009). However, no study has investigated the naturally occurring changes in gene expression associated with the reduction of uneven ripening without modifying viticulture practices in the vineyard. We believe that uniform ripening is potentially important for grape growers and winemakers, and understanding the plasticity of grape berry ripening could be beneficial in adapting cultivars to a specific growing region, vineyard management practice, or wine style. From an ecological point of view, the grapevine benefits from having a more coordinated ripening of the berries to entice birds and other animals to feed and disperse seeds. As a result, cool climate cultivars may have adapted to complete this process more quickly to survive. Short growing seasons and advanced phenological stages have been reported in several regions across the world (Fraga et al., 2013). The ability to ripen more quickly is an interesting genetic trait to research as we seek better methods for grape production and face climate change.
Identifying developmental and environmental factors that control synchronized ripening through genomic research will increase our knowledge of ripening processes within grape berries. This information may allow us to combine applied and basic research methods to determine if there are viticulture practices that can be used to improve cluster ripening uniformity and wine quality. For example, since we know hormones play a critical role in the ripening process, we may be able to conduct more detailed research on the use of plant hormone sprays during véraison to achieve more uniform berry composition at harvest. Also, we can study the genomic and physiological response of berry ripening synchronicity with traditional vineyard management practices (canopy management, regulated deficit irrigation, and fertilization). These types of partnered applied and basic studies have not been conducted to date. Future short-term research projects to be conducted at OSU will focus on determining specific contributions of ripening-related hormones in the control of this mechanism. We hope to determine field applications that prevent or eliminate uneven ripening in the vineyards. Basic research will focus on the identification of the genes responsible for this regulatory mechanism within such applied projects. Finally, these findings may be helpful in developing large-scale genetic studies to determine the genetic makeup of cultivars such as Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Zinfandel that exhibit persisting levels of ripeness heterogeneity at harvest.
Deluc, L.G., D.R. Quilici, A. Decendit, J. Grimplet, M.D. Wheatley, K.A. Schlauch, J.M. Mérillon , J.C. Cushman, and G.R. Cramer. 2009. Water deficit alters differentially metabolic pathways affecting important flavor and quality traits in grape berries of Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay. BMC Genomics 10: 212.
Fraga, H., A.C. Malheiro, J. Moutinho-Pereira, and J.A. Santos. 2013. An overview of climate change impacts on European viticulture. Food Energy Secur. 1: 94-110.
Back in July, our vision of the 2013 growing season was one of easy success. We had limited rain and advanced grape development across the state, something that had been rare in recent years. However, September proved challenging due to shifts in weather which led to berry cracking and increased fruit rots across much of western Oregon. Questions poured in from industry professionals seeking information on Botrytis bunch rot management and more. Most growers were already using proper preventative measures–appropriately timed fungicide applications combined with judicious cluster-zone leaf removal. As harvest neared and rains began to fall, heightened concern over fungicide use and pre-harvest intervals (PHI) developed, leading to discussions about cultural management techniques such as leaf removal and culling damaged fruit.
Leaf removal has been well-studied in Oregon and world-wide by numerous researchers, including my lab at Oregon State University. Those studies varied from the impacts of leaf removal on vine growth to impacts on fruit ripening, berry composition, wine quality, and disease potential. A trial where we compared manual and mechanical leaf removal was of particular interest to industry this season for several reasons: sunburn/heat damage, disease management, and labor shortages. Many growers in Oregon have shifted to mechanical leaf removal over the past few years because it can reduce costs. We estimate manual leaf removal to cost approximately $270 per acre on average density vineyards (1,245 vines per acre) (Julian et al. 2008). Vierra (2005) reported mechanical leaf removal costs of $25 per acre compared to $130 per acre for manual leaf removal in California's Central Coast vineyards with vine densities ranging from 908 to 1,089 vines per acre. Drawbacks to mechanical leaf removal, which may be either real or perceived, include damage to clusters, reduced precision compared to hand-removal, and the potential for leaves to remain lodged in dense canopies. Development of new leaf removal technology and equipment has reduced many of these concerns.
However, applied research is needed to determine how mechanical leaf removal affects key aspects of vineyard production so that growers can make informed management decisions when shifting practices from manual to mechanical methods. This article summarizes salient findings of a trial conducted to compare manual and mechanical leaf removal in Pinot noir during 2011, one of our coolest and wettest years in recent history.
Prior to 2011, research was conducted across several commercial vineyards in the Willamette Valley (2008 to 2011) to determine impact of early season leaf removal on powdery mildew (Erisyphe necator) and Botrytis bunch rot (Botrytis cinerea). Results showed that early season leaf removal reduced powdery mildew and Botrytis incidence and severity of clusters when compared to no leaf removal (Skinkis and Mahaffee, unpublished). That research evaluated manual leaf removal only. Since many growers are switching to mechanical leaf removal, concerns have been raised about applicability of mechanical leaf removal early in the season (bloom or fruit set) without resulting in cluster and berry damage. This led us to evaluate whether hand and mechanical leaf removal would cause cluster damage, and influence fruit set, yield, fruit composition, and disease incidence when applied at different time points during the 2011 season.
Mechanical and manual (hand) leaf removal methods were compared in a commercial vineyard in the Dundee Hills AVA. The vineyard was planted to Pinot noir (clone 777) grafted to Riparia Gloire rootstock in 1997 at a vine density of 3,015 vines per acre. Vines were oriented in north-south rows and trained to a vertically shoot positioned canopy. Leaf removal was conducted at three time points: bloom, pea-size, and bunch closure. Leaves were removed from both the east and west side of the cluster zone at each of the three time points by using hand labor or mechanically using an Avidor leaf puller attached to an over-the-row tractor. Treatments were applied to plots of 12 vines in a randomized complete block design with six replicates. Due to the nature of the season and the commercial vineyard's management policy restricting the use of specific fungicides for Botrytis control, a non-leaf removal treatment was not implemented. However, a third treatment where leaves were removed at bunch closure from only the east side of the cluster zone was implemented for comparison (an industry standard practice), and leaves were removed either manually or mechanically. Leaf removal was performed at the start of each time point with clean-up passes to remove new leaves or laterals produced in the cluster zone during each successive time point in the study. Vine growth parameters were monitored including fruit set, leaf area, yield, yield components (cluster weights, berries per cluster, etc.), and pruning weights. Fruit maturity, berry phenolics, and incidence of Botrytis bunch rot at harvest were also measured.
Results from this one-year trial indicate that there is little difference between hand and mechanical leaf removal in terms of level of disease incidence on fruit, vine productivity, and fruit quality. Beginning leaf removal too early in the season raises concerns about reduced fruit set resulting from potentially lower carbohydrate availability to developing flowers or from mechanical damage to inflorescences. Mechanical leaf removal conducted at bloom reduced fruit set by 11% compared to hand leaf removal at bloom and all other time points using either method. This was not a major concern as fruit set was generally high across all treatments, and yield at harvest did not differ among any treatments. Despite similar yields across the trial, average cluster weight was lower for treatments where mechanical leaf removal was conducted at bloom (125 g) compared to manual leaf removal at bloom or later time points of leaf removal by either method (137 g and 140 g for both hand and mechanical leaf removal at pea-size and bunch close, respectively).
When comparing the timing of leaf removal conducted on both sides of the canopy, there was no difference in the percent of clusters with Botrytis or the percent of berries within the cluster with Botrytis infection. This suggests that earlier leaf removal did not help reduce the presence of the disease. When comparing the impact of side (east only versus east and west) and method (hand versus mechanical) of leaf removal at bunch closure, method of leaf removal had greater impact on the incidence of Botrytis at bunch closure (p=0.0436) than the leaf removal on a particular side of the canopy (p=1.0000). Hand leaf removal resulted in 10% lower incidence than mechanical leaf removal at that time point. However, when looking within infested clusters, there was no difference in the percent of berries within cluster that were damaged when comparing between hand and mechanical leaf removal. On average, both hand and mechanical leaf removal treatments had 13% of berries showing signs of Botrytis infection at harvest.
Applying mechanical leaf removal early in berry development is a concern, as it may cause physical damage to clusters, particularly in early development stages such as bloom. To address this concern, we quantified the number of damaged clusters following each leaf removal pass. The type of damage caused by the mechanical leaf puller varied with the timing of leaf removal. Bloom leaf removal resulted in the removal of tips of some clusters, and leaf removal at pea-size or bunch closure resulted in berry splitting on only the smallest clusters. No clusters were completely removed by the mechanical leaf puller. Damage to clusters appeared to be lower when leaf removal was initiated at later stages of development, but this was not statistically significant (p=0.1607). Physical damage was greater in the mechanical leaf removal treatments with 6.9% of clusters per vine damaged on average than in hand removal treatments which had only 0.5% of clusters damaged (p<0.0001). At most, only two clusters per vine were damaged in the mechanical treatments which we considered to be of little practical concern.
When visually comparing vineyards that are mechanically and manually leaf removed, the two often appear quite different with respect to the openness of the cluster zone, particularly when trying to clear both sides of the canopy. However, when we quantified the amount of leaf area remaining on vines after each time point of leaf removal in our study, there was no difference in hand versus mechanical leaf removal except during the earliest time point (bloom). Hand leaf removal vines had 28% lower leaf area per shoot (p=0.0109) than vines receiving mechanical leaf removal at the bloom time point (Figure 1).
Figure 1. Leaf removal conducted at bloom in 2011: (A) before leaf removal, (B) mechanical leaf removal on the east and west side of the cluster zone, and (C) leaf removal by hand on the east and west side of the cluster zone.
This is likely due to the smaller canopy size as compared to later stages. Later in summer we quantified shoot leaf area at bunch closure, and there were no differences between the leaf area remaining by timing or method of leaf removal. As expected, there were no differences in vine pruning weight at the end of the growing season. Adequate canopy was maintained in all treatments, and vine vigor was not impacted by the level of leaf removal performed.
The leaf removal method and timing did not influence berry ripening in 2011. There were no differences in basic maturity indices (TSS, pH, or TA) or in berry anthocyanin, phenolic, or tannin concentrations at harvest. Other leaf removal studies conducted from 2008 to 2012 found similar results with respect to fruit maturity. Results of the 2011 trial highlighted here did not show differences in anthocyanins (color) with earlier leaf removal. Research conducted by Lee and Skinkis et al. 2013 where leaf removal was conducted at different time points on both sides of the canopy showed greater anthocyanins with bloom time leaf removal when compared to removal at bunch closure. Differences may be due to vine canopy differences, season, or clone.
Leaf removal is an important practice in vineyard management. However, the best use of this technique depends on production goals and site-specific characteristics of the vineyard. Based on four years of leaf removal research conducted in the Willamette Valley, it is apparent that conducting leaf removal earlier in the season can keep fungal pathogens at bay (Skinkis and Mahaffee, unpublished). The greatest impact on fungal diseases was found in years with high disease pressure (2010 and 2011). In years like 2013 where we started out dry and warm, less aggressive leaf removal was generally applied to avoid berry sunburn or heat exposure. This may have made conditions for Botrytis worse later in the season with reduced fungicide penetration or airflow into the cluster zone. While hand leaf removal still seems to be the preferred method for clearing the cluster zone by premium winegrape producers, realities of labor shortages have become a major concern to getting these practices done in a timely fashion, if at all. Alternatively, some growers who utilize both mechanical and manual leaf removal reported that labor crews were less willing to harvest fruit from vineyards or blocks where mechanical leaf removal was used, as it was harder for them to see clusters and efficiently work compared to blocks where hand leaf removal resulted in better exposed fruit. The combined results from numerous leaf removal projects conducted over the last four years indicate that there is flexibility in the timing of leaf removal based on achieving desired fruit parameters at harvest. However, initial leaf removal should be conducted no later than bunch closure to avoid late season sunburn issues and to enhance disease management.
This experiment was part of a larger project funded in part by the Oregon Wine Board and the Viticulture Consortium-West.
Julian, J.W., C.F. Seavert, P.A. Skinkis, P. VanBuskirk, and S. Castagnoli. 2008. Vineyard economics: establishing and producing Pinot noir wine grapes in western Oregon. Oregon State University Extension Publishing. EM8969-E.
Lee, J. and P.A. Skinkis. 2013. Oregon 'Pinot noir' grape anthocyanin enhancement by early leaf removal. Food Chem. 139:893-901.
Vierra, T. 2005. Mechanized leaf removal shows good results. Practical Winery & Vineyard Journal. March/April: 48. | {
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Q: IMFPush Bluemix not working on Swift 2.2 (i386 error) Anyone knows how to solve this error? I can't compile my project with IMFPush library =/
ld: warning: ignoring file /Users/kersul/Develop/Grabit_iOS/Pods/IMFPush/Frameworks/IMFPush.framework/IMFPush,
missing required architecture i386 in file
/Users/kersul/Develop/Grabit_iOS/Pods/IMFPush/Frameworks/IMFPush.framework/IMFPush
(2 slices) Undefined symbols for architecture i386:
"_OBJC_CLASS_$_IMFPushClient", referenced from:
type metadata accessor for __ObjC.IMFPushClient in AppDelegate.o ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture i386 clang:
error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see
invocation)
A: There are a few questions around that seem to tackle this issue.
I would first take a look at Jordan's advice here
and ensure that the framework was added to your project correctly. Additionally ensure that the framework has been linked correctly
If neither fixes the issue then also see the answer posed by Allen and check to see if your .m file is listed under your compile sources.
That said, i386 architecture is what is used by the iOS Simulator. Do be aware that the Simulator cannot replicate push functionality, so even if you are able to compile IMFPush for it, it will not function correctly.
| {
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Le Devils Kitchen Picnic Shelter est un abri de pique-nique du comté de Mesa, au Colorado, dans le centre des États-Unis. Protégé au sein du Colorado National Monument, ce bâtiment construit par le Civilian Conservation Corps dans le style rustique du National Park Service en 1941 est inscrit au Registre national des lieux historiques depuis le .
Voir aussi
Articles connexes
Saddlehorn Comfort Station
Serpents Trail
Liens externes
Abri de pique-nique inscrit au Registre national des lieux historiques
Architecture rustique du National Park Service dans le National Park System au Colorado
Architecture rustique du National Park Service dans un monument national relevant du National Park Service
Registre national des lieux historiques dans le Colorado National Monument
Registre national des lieux historiques en 1994 | {
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It seems with this digital age, so many people are wanting to reap the rewards of Maddow Console Table online shopping as opposed to enlisting the advice of an designer or even a local showroom. Apparently it is simply as easy to secure a sofa online because it is a date. But just how much shall we be held willing to sacrifice to economize? And who seems like their online picture.
In earlier times, hiring a designer was obviously a luxury just one or two can afford approximately they thought. Many people thought it was intimidating as their designers suggested items that were priced well outside their safe place. It was obviously a time when it turned out more about the price than the style understanding that usually meant a hefty commission to look in addition to it. High priced designers were making a it turned out our profession they had pretty much buried.
Hiring a designer has stopped being just for the lucky few, it is for the savvy. Over the years, many well-established design schools and universities have churned out an acceptable quantity of talented individuals to make use of a designer more affordable and in an even more consumer-friendly environment than previously. This, therefore, is different the way a lot of people approach furnishing a new home. Designers be capable of negotiate wholesale pricing and also using fees added, the price is normally still below retail. Plus, there is a designer on your side to help avoid mistakes.
Many better made stores and design firms are desperate to help clients on smaller projects. And this is not only as a result of economy. It's because we have all gotten somewhat smarter as time passes. We realize that helping a new couple using their first home and making a relationship together often ends in future homes as time goes on. It's get to be the foundation for smaller firms and then for designers who will be in the business for the long haul. It's residual business. I have personally had clients begin with just a smaller family room and, after a while, come to be several jobs for relatives and also larger homes on their own as his or her careers have blossomed. When it comes to clients, a trade always grows.
Onliners pride themselves on savings however in many cases, item for item, the prices turn out on the same. And if you do have a problem when you get it home, they can usually resolve it quickly. Online companies often had hidden charges such as crating, in-home delivery, etc. that add to the price. And it's funny how they cause you to pay for it entirely before you even take delivery. Hmmm.
We all use online services for something. Electronics, games, reviews, news you will find, even dates. But a Maddow Console Table or dining-room set? What if I answered the threshold and also the sofa didn't look anything as it did inside picture? Ah, the date from hell. | {
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