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While most people have a vague idea as to how drug testing works, most don’t really consider alcohol testing as being something that will impact them in any foreseeable way. After all, it’s much rarer of a test and is actually more complicated than basic drug screenings. For most testing purposes, the EtG alcohol urine test is what is primarily used.
These tests look for the compound Ethyl Glucuronide, shortened to EtG in most instances. This compound is a metabolite of alcohol and is present in the body after one consumes a drink. However, this alcohol urine test is only accurate for roughly the previous 80 hours. The EtG is gone from the system of most drinkers after this period of time.
For those who need a more detailed analysis than the EtG alcohol urine test, there is an EtG hair screening test that can be used. It provides the opportunity to determine whether or not a person has used alcohol within the last 90 days, and is more accurate than the basic urine analysis – however, it’s more expensive as a result of this.
It’s also important to understand that the EtG alcohol test isn’t primarily used for a pre-employment screening. Instead, it’s mainly used in situations where courts order alcohol testing because an individual is restricted from drinking. Probation orders and DUI programs are two perfect examples of this, and in some instances alcohol testing may be used as part of a custody or divorce case where alcohol abuse has played a major role in the breakdown of the marriage or the safety of the children.
In short, these types of alcohol testing options aren’t really used for employment screening. But they do play a part in a wide range of other situations, and being aware of those situations can make it much easier to determine just what steps you need to take where alcohol use or alcohol testing may be concerned. | 2019-04-25T06:46:31Z | https://www.nationaldrugscreening.com/show-blog.php?id=284 |
I’ve been asked several times recently about the propriety of attending an a capella concert during Sefirah. The interesting thing is that the people asking the question are not concerned with Kol Ishah (the choir is comprised of both men and women, and there are female soloists).
I truly have no good explanation for this phenomenon. Why would there be a greater concern about something which is minhag (and it’s not even that; I don’t think that a capella constitutes rikudin u-mecholos, which is the Rema’s formulation of the type of festivities to avoid during Sefirah) than about something which is halakha psukah?
I was thinking that it might be purely sociological; it’s just what people do. But then I was thinking that there might be a better, psychological reason, which might even be similar to a halakhic principle.
I refer to davar she-yesh lo mattirin. This principle states that when something is only temporarily forbidden to eat, and will later become permissible, the normal rules of bittul – nullification of insignificant ingredients – don’t apply. For example, if I have vowed not to eat chocolate for 30 days, and on day 28 an insignificant amount of chocolate falls into my peanut butter, then under normal circumstances I can eat the peanut butter immediately and disregard the minute amount of (permanently forbidden) chocolate in there. However, since in this case the chocolate will again be permissible anyhow, we say that its presence in the mixture is not annulled, and the PB remains forbidden for another 2 days.
According to most Rishonim (with the exception of the REALLY LONG RA”N on Nedarim 52a), following Rashi’s lead, the reason is that there’s no reason to ‘play chicken’ with God unnecessarily, and since the food will be permitted shortly anyway, it’s better not to take risks.
This principle understands that a temporary prohibition is easier to manage than permanent one. One can hold out when there’s ‘bread in the basket’, i.e., an end in sight. Thus, in the current situation of my correspondents, they will be more likely to observe a set of restrictions of a temporary nature than to take on some permanent ones.
This can also explain the very odd conversation that I had with a balabos that can be described as traditional non-observant Orthodox on the last day of Pesach. He asked when he could eat chametz. I asked him to clarify – did he want to know when the stuff he sold would be bought back, or just when the Yom Tov is properly over. He indicated the latter, so he can call to have a pizza delivered as soon as Yom Tov ended. Same thing – 8 days of crackers and compote is a lot more doable than a lifetime without Domino’s.
ADDeRebbetzin points out that the same can be said for people who weren’t shomer negi’ah (to say the least) before marriage, but who, once married, keep Taharat Ha-mishpacha. | 2019-04-20T10:34:05Z | http://adderabbi.blogspot.com/2006/04/bread-in-basket.html |
David and I had an absolutely perfect day yesterday and it was in part down to the incredible atmosphere Avya brought to the day with her absolutely stunning voice. She is so talented, we got loads of positive comments about her beautiful singing.
"Avya performed at our wedding recently and she was amazing. Her music made such an amazing romantic atmosphere. We got plenty of comments from guests on how much they enjoyed her during ceremony and reception. If anyone else is considering Avya for a wedding or special occasion we highly recommend booking her before you miss out."
"…thank you for creating such an incredible feeling at our wedding. I work with music and so do some of the people who were in attendance. We all found you so effortless in your performance - your voice was so moving. Thank you Avya for making our day so beautiful."
"Avya performed at our wedding in March and was absolutely amazing!!! We had so many guests comment how awesome she was. Avya was also kind enough to record a song for us after the wedding. Thank you so much Avya!!!"
“We cannot thank you enough for singing us beautifully through our wedding day last Friday.
made our day so extra special to us and so many other people.
we hope to hear you play again in the future.
“I just wanted to say thank you so much for singing at our wedding… …people loved you! | 2019-04-21T06:39:38Z | https://www.avya.co.nz/events-1/ |
Hey Tom, I don't necessarily think cement board is better, rather I'm almost 70 years old and if this thing fails in 10 or 20 years I won't be a happy camper. At this rate, I'd rather touch each of these jobs only once and then go on to the next. If it costs a few hundred $$ more...so be it. Belt and suspenders.
I've already installed a wall mounted vanity and a wall mounted Kohler toilet. Working around the 3 1/2" roof vent was a real PITA but well worth the effort. This makes it so easy to swab the floor, I should have done this 15 years ago. No more on your hands & knees stuff. Besides, with the in-floor heat the cats will love ❤️ it.
I'm cutting into the floor joists to get the needed pan depth. Then I'll be sistering in additional 2x10 members to support the structure properly.
The drain will be the Schluter 4" square stainless version. I wanted to use their trench drain but the dimensions (drain pitch) just didn't work out.
Thanks for the reminder on the flood test. After I redid the shower plumbing, I decided not to install the cement board and just observe the new plumbing for a couple of days. I'm so glad I did, there weren't any leaks but its nice to know that...rather than sealing up the wall and then find water dripping from some where it's not supposed to.
If your looking at longevity Kerdi board or Wedi will out last fiber cement. They are lighter, easier to cut and install. I use 2" Kerdi board for structural members in showers. Schluter Kerdi over regular drywall is warrantied by Schluter for 25 years.
After a few cable installs it's easy to figure how to weave it. Make sure you maintain the 3 lug spacing. Easiest way to install it in the mat is a urethane grout float. Align the cable, run the float over it, presses it in place. Do all 3 tests the three required times. I take a picture of the meter with the cable tag in frame while doing each test. I keep the photo in a file, send copies to the owners. You'll need the KW off the tag to program the t-stat. Register the warranty online.
When cutting the joists, don't forget the 3/4" subfloor in the depth calculation.
Surprised you could not get an L or LS pan to work. Picture is an LS pan, like yours the joists were trimmed, then sistered as needed.
The shower has about 12 uses on it since it was remodeled. They quit using it 3 months ago, there was still 16" of water in the wall.
Jeesh! Surprising how often stuff like this happens.
Clients are usually completely emotionally shot by the time they call you.
Thanks for posting very interesting.
I got the shower waterproofed today.
Kerdi board installed, washers and screws will be covered.
Three band sizes I use, 5, 7, 10 inch.
Two seals for the system. The shower arm seal will not be used on this one. The shower arm comes out of the ceiling.
Formed corners, inside and outside.
Removing old drain hub. Socket Savers, great tools.
Dry fit, the pipe will get vacuumed out. There are pipe shreds in the trap weir.
Curb set, Kerdi over base. I cut the Kerdi 4" over sized folded and mortared the over cut to wall, saves band. Used preformed corners.
A barrier free shower should have a pitch towards the drain. The slope allows you to fill the pan area. Pictured is a barrier free pan. It was flood tested once all the waterproofing was completed.
The subject shower is not barrier free, that is the curb in the bottom left of the picture.
For future plans, consider studding out the wall and making a full-width shelf instead of a boxed niche. We did that in our master bath and it's worked out fantastically. We had enough room to allow for studding out the wall with another 2x4. This to allow having a 60" wide niche running the whole width of the shower. The ledge is a piece of Silestone (same as the counter tops), cut with a slight curve from the sides, bowing out to about 1/2" at the center. This to allow for greater depth at the center without having the ends look oddly cut into the side tiles. There's a slight tilt to allow water to slough off, but not enough to cause things to fall/roll.
Now with a whole width shelf we don't have any problems with his & hers niches or lack of space.
All of our new baths were done with Kerdi. Including one linear drain. Totally worth it. I'd done a remodel of a bath some years before with cement board and Redguard (the old stuff that dried to 'axe murder crime scene red'). And while it withstood the test of time, it was nowhere near as simple and quick to do as Kerdi. Vote me in the 'never lug cement board again' crowd.
Yeah I guess the thing I've never understood about flood testing barrier-free showers is that you're [technically] supposed to test to a certain height above the drain...2"? But you can't necessarily reach that height over the drain in a barrier-free depending on where the drain is located and if you're using closer to the minimum pitch. It's probably not a big deal if you're not having the inspector standing right there when you flood test but I was just wondering what the protocol is if you can't achieve 2" with the drain config and pitch you've chosen. It'll be an issue for me in a few months when I get to my first barrier-free.
For the record I wouldn't bother using anything other than Schluter products either, though I have yet to use Kerdi-board...have always used Kerdi over cement board.
Schluter is the way to go - love the stuff and easy to apply and works as advertised. Expensive, but the cost of water damage is worse.
I like that design idea. Might have to present that to the boss for upcoming shower. I'm curious about the caulking detail on that - how did you end up caulking it to prevent water build up between shelf and Kerdi?
For future plans, consider studding out the wall and making a full-width shelf instead of a boxed niche. We did that in our master bath and it's worked out fantastically.
Saw this at the local Kohler/Robern store...pretty dramatic, it definitely made an impact on me. The elegant linear lines...This is what I was going to incorporate into our present bath remodel until I found a cold air return in the way.
The cost of rework is even more mind numbing. Touch it once and then proceed to the next project.
The code required 2" applies to curbed showers only. Seeing as there is no curb, they can't require the 2". This may change at some time, but so far it applies only to the curbed showers. If I had to flood a barrier free to 2" I would run the band up above the floor line 2", hot glue some backer to the floor, flood the pan.
I did have one barrier free we did as a wet room. Blocked the door and flooded the entire room to 3".
Kerdi board is lighter to carry, cut and install. I have the CMT fiber cement blade for the TS-55, still easier to cut Kerdi board. Material cost is higher, I find it is cheeper in the long run with the labor savings.
I've done full length niches. Final design is the customer decision. I've seen some baths where a 5" niche would get overloaded.
Wow, just came across this. Great read.
Thanks Tom for sharing your knowledge!
Tom do you cut Kedi board with a knife or saw?
What is the goo used to seal patches in the wall?
@tjbnwi Tom- In these showers that you show what thickness is the Kerdi Board on the walls? And you are screwing that right to the studs or is there something in between?
I'm not Tom, just answering your second question since I've used Kerdi a fair bit as well. Kerdi is applied with thinset (example if you are applying the membrane to cement board). When you overlap or use the thin bands of membrane (e.g. at the corners of the pan), also thinset. Or, in Tom's photos, the patches of Kerdi membrane on top of the Kerdi-board to cover the screws are also applied with thinset. This works because the membrane is kind of a fleece-like material sandwiching the impermeable core.
Schlüter also sells an [expensive] silicone caulk called Kerdi-fix for use on drain flanges, metal trim, pipe and valve seals, etc.
The typical Kerdi Board install is 1/2" thick on the walls. It is screwed directly to the studs. I typically cut it with the TS55, low speed and a 28t blade. Cuts easy enough with a utility knife and a straight edge too.
Live4 has it right about the patches. They are Strips of Kerdiband applied with unmodified thinset.
The KerdiFix caulking IS NOT silicone and it's advised to not use silicone in the assembly. Or it used to be anyway. I don't know what's in that kerdifix , but it's expensive , smells awful, and sticks to everything like nobody's business. It's now available in smaller tubes so there's less waste if you don't use a full tube. It has a short shelf life once opened. I know guys found an alternative from Sika that was a spitting image to the Kerdi product , but I'm pretty sure it's been discontinued.
Sorry, technically it's a proprietary "silane-based polymer," didn't mean to imply it's the same as any random silicone caulk.
Depends, normally the TS-55 with a 48 tooth blade.
The goo is tile mortar, Schluter All-Set to be exact. I'm not calling it thin set because Schluter claims you can set LF and LFH tile with it. I'll find out how true this is soon.
I'm sure it is since that's what is spec but is a 1/2 foam panel rigid on that wall?
With large format tiles I could see it but with a mosaic I would worry the wall would be spongy.
It's a very dense compacted foam. Not that flexible.
I've never done a full wall or large area of mosaics over it.
This has been a very interesting discussion. Thanks for the education Tom. Altho it has been well over 30 years since I had anything to do with the trowel trades, it is amazing to me the improvements that have been in materials. if i were to start in again, it would take a lot of educatin' just to catch up. My grandson is just starting in college with his major in construction management. Every time I see him (weekends) I have lots of questions to ask. | 2019-04-25T06:27:48Z | http://festoolownersgroup.com/home-improvement-other-projects/how-not-to-tile-a-shower/60/?FOGSESSID=cr5nn81uqm9ga3ct5foah0ct20 |
At the turn of every new year, it becomes customary (nearly religious even), for most of us to produce the famous list of things we’d like to accomplish within the next 12 months. Get fit, travel somewhere exotic, read more books, and etcetera.
But just as customary as the list of resolutions is the propensity for us to never accomplish them (for the most part at least).
Busy schedules and limited energy can only take us so far, and it’s only expected when the drive to stick with the plan eventually fizzles out.
But this year, why not consider doing something different and enlist some help from sources that negate the probability of human error?
We’re talking about apps—the byte-sized programs in our smartphones that function without sentiment and just work right (most of the time).
So we’ve come up with a list of apps to help you actually keep to and maybe fulfil your list of resolutions. If you’re serious about sticking with your plans in 2018, it might be worth giving some of these a try.
For those looking to shed excess grams and get into shape, these apps will help them stay on course to get fitter and healthier (despite the ever-present temptation of nasi lemak).
Leap Fitness 30 Day Fitness Challenge: This app helps users stick with their workout regimes by taking them through it one day at a time. With workouts categorised into separate target areas, the app makes it easy to focus and plan a fitness schedule. The app also helps users track progress so they can always see how well they’re progressing. Available on iOS and Android.
MyFitnessPal Calorie Counter & Diet Tracker: Keeping a tab on how many calories one consumes can be an arduous task. Luckily, MyFitnessPal offers access to a database of over 5 million food items and lets users quickly save and keep track of their meals. It also connects to other available fitness apps and devices, and allows them to import other recipes found online. Available on iOS and Android.
Intent on keeping track and reflecting on life in 2018? Use these apps to help take note of daily events and thoughts.
Journey: This app allows users access to their journals across platforms by storing them on Google Drive Sync, and keeps its layout simple. Upload photos and videos, and allow the app to automatically add other details such as location and weather to create a ultra-detailed journal experience. Available on iOS and Android.
Grid Diary: This iPhone exclusive app helps users write more freely and effective by organising their journals into grids. Questions within these grids will help users with the thought process and are customisable. Available on iOS.
It’s a challenge to always take note of where your money goes on a daily basis. These apps aim to help you keep more of your cash in your pocket.
Mint: Bringing together your bank accounts, bills, credit cards, and investments, Mint helps users understand the flow of their finances with more clarity. The app also allows users to stay on top of their credit ratings. Available on iOS and Android.
PocketGuard: Connecting directly to users’ bank accounts, PocketGuard helps users identify recurring payments, and pinpoint areas of their spending that could use cutting back on. Available on iOS with a component for the Apple Watch, as well as Android.
Intending to start giving back this 2018? Mobile users with philanthropic tendencies can engage these apps to help them on their journey to be more altruistic spirits.
Charity Miles: This app helps users kill two birds with one stone by allowing them to earn money for charities as they walk, run, or bike. The amount given to charities is based on the distance covered, giving users more incentive to get moving. So far earning over USD 2.5 million for charities, the app allows users to pick and choose their beneficiaries from more than 40 charities around the world. Available on iOS and Android.
ShareTheMeal: Leveraging on the United Nations’ World Food Programme, this app lets users feed a child in need by simply tapping on their phone. This donates USD 0.50 to child, feeding him or her for the day. This straightforward concept makes it easy for users to give to charity, and allows them the option of choosing which country their donation goes to. Available on iOS and Android.
Feel like learning something new this year? Perhaps the intention is to read more books. These apps will help you develop the habit of learning and uncovering new information.
Udacity: By offering free online courses, Udacity lets users pick from hundreds of different topics. There’s also the option of a paid nanodegree that provides feedback from industry professionals and gives the user a verified certificate. Available on iOS and Android.
Goodreads: By connecting to a database of more than 11 billion books and a community of over 35 million readers, Goodreads will allow users to rate and review already read books, discuss favourite titles with other users, and see what their friends are currently reading. Available on iOS and Android.
Bogged down by clutter at work? Those who feel the need to better arrange their time and workflow should definitely check out these apps.
Trello: By arranging topics into cards, users of Trello will be able to efficiently sort through their to-do items and ideas easily by using tags, interactive checklists and the ability to upload media. Definitely one for neat freaks. Available on iOS and Android.
Slack: A communication platform that offers real-time messaging and file sharing with a powerful search and archiving tool that allows users to track past files and conversations easily. The app integrates with other file sharing services such as Dropbox and Google Drive, and syncs across multiple devices, with some limitations imposed for the free version. Available on iOS and Android.
For those deciding to dive into investments this year, these apps will help you start building your portfolios quick and easy.
Stash: Offering a low-cost method to start building a portfolio, Stash helps users learn about the world of investments by offering advice on making the best investments, and educating users on investment lingo and terminology. A no-brainer for beginner investors. Available on iOS and Android.
Luno: With cryptocurrency now the flavour-of-the month, Malaysians interested in dipping their feet in cryptocurrency waters should check out Luno, an app that allows users to trade in two of the most popular cryptocurrencies currently available—Bitcoin and Ethereum. As always is the case with cryptocurrencies, be careful to only invest money you’re prepared to part with. Available on iOS and Android.
For the ones on the lookout for adventure this year, these apps are ready to accompany you as you satiate your wanderlust.
Guides by Lonely Planet: This app equips travelers with knowledge of a large number of popular destinations, and includes offline maps, audio phrases, and a currency converter to make exploring easier. There’s also advice from travel experts, brief translations for phrases in over 19 different languages. Information for new destinations are constantly being added, making this app a must-have on your next vacation. Available on iOS and Android.
Airbnb: Already world-famous, the Airbnb app allows travelers to connect with accommodation providers around the world to secure a place to stay during their vacation. Users can choose from a range of budgets and locations to suit their needs, and the process is made fairly easy. The app also allows users to find interesting things to do via their new ‘Experiences’ feature, already making this app a mainstay on the phones of many a traveler. Available on iOS and Android.
Seeing how there’s now an app to aid with almost any task, we see that it only makes sense that to use them as tools to help us focus and achieve our goals.
While we can’t speak for everyone, we know that we’ll be using quite a few of these to make 2018 as great a year as we possibly can. | 2019-04-22T14:10:49Z | https://vulcanpost.com/630206/2018-new-year-resolutions-apps-free/ |
Why does Leadfeeder show my Google Analytics View as 'Insufficient permissions'?
Leadfeeder has noticed a problem in getting data from your Google Analytics profile because of 'insufficient permissions'.
Make sure that you have access to the Google Analytics account. The error is most probably as a result of changed access rights. You can view your Google Analytics accounts here.
If the account is not listed there, you should contact the administrator of this account and request that you be added as a user.
Once you get access to Google Analytics account, please detach the profile in your Leadfeeder settings (under Google Analytic views) and connect it again by clicking on Connect a new Google Analytics profile. | 2019-04-20T20:22:57Z | https://help.leadfeeder.com/google-analytics/why-does-leadfeeder-show-my-google-analytics-view-as-insufficient-permissions |
here for a few choice words?? see the post above. thanks ! sorry for the redundancy. or maybe you like seeing these pots again?! | 2019-04-19T16:36:11Z | http://www.sawdustanddirt.com/2015/04/just-pictures.html |
Not the best of the Parker books I have read. this gets four stars frankly because it is Parker and I ♥Parker like a schoolgirl ♥'s Justin Beiber. It's a good enough read but nothing groundbreaking. | 2019-04-25T12:01:41Z | http://redacted.booklikes.com/post/629402/post |
1. Twitter Secrets – When tweeting at someone or replying and your first character in the tweet is the “@” symbol, only those who follow you and the person you are tagging will see it that tweet.
“The @socially_gold blog is #awesome! – Everyone that follows you will see this tweet.
2. Friending vs Following – I can follow you, and you don’t have to follow me. Unless your Twitter account is blocked, I can also view your feed without you even knowing. Once we become friends on Facebook, we are both receiving each others updates.
3. Connecting – It is considered acceptable and encouraged to follow and connect with people you don’t know on Twitter. It’s frowned upon to submit friend requests to people you do not know on Facebook.
Why do you think Twitter is better than Facebook? Let us know in the comments. | 2019-04-21T02:46:52Z | http://sociallygold.com/3-ways-twitter-is-better-than-facebook/ |
Malaysia is a growing economic center, which attracts businessmen and investors from around the world.
Behind its enviable business reputation and dynamic cities, Malaysia is a relaxing tropical paradise, which offers great options to spend your vacation.
The country is a perfect mix between all the most important components which every tourists is searching for, including beaches, weather, food and welcoming people.
So let’s see why we should consider Malaysia for our next summer (or winter) holiday.
If you are searching for an attractive tropical tourist destination, Malaysia offers a year-round warm climate, and this is a good reason to spend the cold winter season here.
It has a really hot and humid equatorial climate with high temperatures throughout the year, usually about 32-33 degrees, in very rare cases a bit lower or higher.
Night temperatures are also very high – usually between 23 and 25 °C.
The weather is perfect for a beach holiday from January till December, although abundant rainfalls are practically possible anytime.
Since Malaysia is located on the equator, the weather is generally quite rainy, and you won’t need a long time to get to know this side of the country.
Although abundant rains fall 12 months a year, the greatest quantities fall in October, November and December, as well as in April.
The number of rainy days is significant and varies between 10-15 during the drier months of the year to about 20-25 in autumn and spring.
This means that for you is better to travel in summer of in winter.
Malaysia is one of the countries with the most magnificent natural landscapes on the planet.
It is almost entirely covered with dense equatorial rainforests.
The country’s scenery is a mix of low coastal wetlands, for example the coastal parts of the state of Sarawak, and rugged mountain chains, which prevail in the state of Sabah.
Together with Brazil, Panama, Costa Rica and Colombia, Malaysia is the country with the greatest variety of species of plants and animals in the world.
It is really hard to describe and to imagine how great the biodiversity really is.
On the territory of the country, including in its water basins and territorial waters, have been described over 20 000 species of animals and plants, many of which are endemic and couldn’t be found elsewhere but here!
The fauna of Malaysia is considered to be the most diverse on the planet.
On the territory of the country could be found about ⅕ or 20% of all known species of plants in the world.
In addition, the northernmost part of Borneo is one of of the ten richest in species of animals places in the world.
The forests of Borneo are home of rare species such as Asian rhinoceros, tigers, leopards, orangutans (one of the rarest species inhabiting the planet), Asian elephants and many others.
Over the last few years, Malaysia has been trying to promote its amazing natural beauty around the world in an attempt to attract more visitors.
Of course, one of the main accents in the campaign of Malaysia is the country’s wonderful coastline.
With its snow-white or tempting golden sandy beaches, this is one of the very few places in the world which in no way inferior to neighboring Thailand.
Today Malaysia enjoys the reputation of one of the most attractive year-round beach destinations in the world.
The shallow coastal waters are crystal clear and offer pleasant temperatures of between 28 and 31 degrees, no matter the season.
Lying just north of the equator, Malaysia is the country in the world with the largest variety of species of corals.
The underwater visibility is exceptionally high, reaching more than 50 meters in some areas.
Hundreds out-of-this-world coral reefs, which are great for diving and snorkeling, are waiting to be discovered.
If you are in love with the marine life, in Malaysia you will have the chance to see more corals, species of fish and colors than you could in the Great Barrier Reef in Australia or in the Caribbean waters of Belize.
Kuala Lumpur, the capital and largest city in Malaysia, is one of the most modern and dynamic metropolitan areas in Asia.
With its population of 1,768,000 people living in the Federal Territory and more than 7,200,000 in the metro area, the city of Kuala Lumpur is a really good place to visit and explore.
It offers a very specific mix of historical monuments and buildings with traditional architecture and new high-rising skyscrapers.
The symbol of the city are the Petronas Towers, which are 451.9 m high. Until 2003, the twin towers were the highest buildings in the world.
Malaysia is very popular for its out-of-this-world cuisine.
Most of the traditional meals in the country are really different from what we usually eat in Europe or North America.
That’s why for most people is really exciting to get in touch with the authentic local cuisine.
If we need to describe the food in Malaysia with three words they should be different, spicy and delicious.
The first meal you should definitely try is “Nasi Lemak”. This is the national dish of Malaysia, and it offers really as exceptional taste and aroma.
It represents a rice dish which is cooked in coconut milk and pandan leaves.
The dish is often served on a banana leaf, which really contributes to its very exotic appearance.
The dish could be served as a main dish or with a wide variety of other foods, including meat.
If you like sweets, you should definitely try one of the most popular Malay desserts – “Kuih Dadar”.
These are the kind of local pancakes, which are extremely tasty and aromatic, and they certainly look in a very different way from all the pancakes you’ve tried so far.
The most important part in their preparation are the pandan leaves, which we already mentioned just a few seconds ago, and which explain the specific green color of the pancakes.
The filling is made from grated coconut and palm sugar (gula melaka).
And if you want to try the most popular drink in Malaysia, then ask for “Teh Tarik”.
This is a really delicious and aromatic beverage, which is made from condensed milk and black tea and could be found almost everywhere.
Malaysia is a place where you could find great hotels and restaurants at really reasonable prices.
The country is generally said a bit more expensive than Thailand because of the higher standard of living here.
However, it is still really affordable place to spend your vacation, especially in comparison with most of the states in Europe. | 2019-04-23T10:23:34Z | https://www.touristmaker.com/blog/8-reasons-to-visit-malaysia/ |
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because the oldest literary Latin preserved in any volume, the language of Livius exhibits many positive factors of linguistic curiosity and increases exciting questions of phonolgy, morphology and syntax.
All through background, each tradition has had its personal rules on what turning out to be up and aging skill, with adaptations among chronological, organic and social getting old, and with various emphases at the severe levels and transitions from beginning to loss of life. This quantity is the 1st to spotlight the position of age in picking out behaviour, and expectancies of behaviour, around the lifestyles span of an inhabitant of historic Rome.
Discerning readers will locate “The Jericho Scrolls” to be essentially the most interesting files of the century. “The Jericho Scrolls”, that are the ancient memories of Guria Julius Antigonos - Statesman, Roman Knight and Jewish chief – have been simply discovered by means of an vintage broker in Jericho, buried in a leaden chest sealed with tar from the lifeless Sea.
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Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2009 im Fachbereich Geschichte - Weltgeschichte - Frühgeschichte, Antike, observe: 1,3, Helmut-Schmidt-Universität - Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Veranstaltung: Die Ausbreitung der Griechen in der Mittelmeerwelt und die Entwicklung des geographischen Weltbildes im antiken Griechenland, Sprache: Deutsch, summary: Unter Historikern ist es üblich die Zeit zwischen 750 und 550 v.
A Thousand Years of Jewish History: Illustrated: "From the Days of Alexander the Great to the Moslem Conquest of Spain" | 2019-04-22T16:09:26Z | http://mizrahihomes.com/index.php/library/a-linguistic-commentary-on-livius-andronicus-studies-in-classics |
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At +Positively we focus on developing great campaigns: generating ideas, strategies and content. It is a simple case of helping clients to reach the right people.
With roots in journalism, broadcasting and business consultancy. we deliver major high profile global projects as well as smaller, regional campaigns.
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Passions: Percussion in a dance band, anything outdoors, running the family taxi service. | 2019-04-21T20:30:12Z | https://www.positively.media/about-us/ |
This short chiffon dress with Sweetheart design is very lovely and eyes catching. You will get the dress within 3-5 days totally if everything goes smoothly.This dress will be shipped within 5-10 days after receipt of your successful order.If you have any doubts about the delivery time, please contact us by email freely. Thank you. The fabric is chiffon with light, soft, smooth and straight features, which is mostly used in women’s fashionable special occasion dresses such as prom dress, girls’ party dresses, homecoming dresses, beach party dresses.Perfect choice for evening gown and wedding dress.
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A day school—as opposed to a boarding school—is an educational institution where children (or high school age adolescents) are given instruction during the day, after which the students return to their homes. The term can also be used to emphasize the length of full-day programs as opposed to after-school programs, as in Jewish day school.
The term one-day school may be used for a one-off series of lectures or classes, taking place on a single day, usually on a particular topic and usually directed at adult learners with little time to spare.
^ "Day school definition, a school open for instruction on weekdays only, usually from 9 a.m. until 3 p.m. "Day school - dictionary.com".
^ "Founded in 1969. The Day School is one of the best preschools in the ... area." "Preschool, Mothers Morning Out - The Day School".
^ "It was graduation day for the Steppingstone Day School in Kew Gardens, Queens, and the 5-year-olds in their little white gowns and mortarboards ..." Michael T. Kaufman (June 23, 1993). "A Graduation Ceremony Earns Special Cheers". The New York Times.
^ "... for students in grades 3K-12. "Day School: Independent Private School".
^ "One-Day School. This 1-day, 4-hour school is designed to give players an overview of golf in a shortened time period." "One-Day School - Chelsea Piers NYC". | 2019-04-23T02:39:35Z | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Day_school |
Vintage California Pennant - Felt The Loop, Tehachapi Pass California. Great Pennant with Vibrant purple and stitched California Letters.
Pennant: 11" x 35" (H x L) Streamers Plus 6" | 2019-04-20T18:50:28Z | https://myvintageflags.com/products/vintage-california-pennant-felt-the-loop-tehachapi-pass-california |
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This pendulum is very attractive and entrancing. It is made with a quartz crystal tip and floating crystal center. It is a powerful pendulum for healing and manifestation. | 2019-04-23T20:01:21Z | https://www.rasekhistore.com/store/p185/Fancy_Crystal_Pendulum.html |
It gets lonely out there when you're braving the highway of unpredictable chaos (terrible drivers, icy roads, snowstorms, etc), and a little humor goes a long way. Probably puts some fuel in their motivational tank. These truckers didn't hold back when they decorated their vehicles with raunchy requests, and vulgar descriptions.
Life will throw a lot at you, from embarrassing inconveniences to exploded trucks of medical waste. Sometimes it's good to remember that we all share these hurdles and remind ourselves that we all have our own different sets of challenges. Other times it's fun to laugh at how ridiculously bad things can get. And boy, do things go bad a lot.
Some days you just get unlucky. Okay, sometimes it's kind of your fault, but that doesn't make it nicer.
17 Unfortunate Events Ranging From "Aw Man" To "WHOA BOY"
Some days a cup breaks, some days a dam breaks.
Alright, the pool ideas look pretty good.
1) Take extreme care when unloading unevenly distributed weight, especially on broken or irregular pallets.
2) Always be aware of your surroundings when unloading a truck with a pallet jack. Specifically where the tail gate ends. Also the presence of cameras.
3) Misuse of work equipment could result in making it to the front page of Fail Blog.
That reality-TV gameshow host who somehow became president finally had his big boy dreams come true yesterday. After meeting with a group of trucking CEOs, the Donald got behind the wheel of a semi, pretended to drive for the first time in decades, and even got to honk the horn like a big boy!
Obvious people loved this because, wow, does he look ridiculous. Check them out and try not to think about the fact that while this was happening, the GOP was figuring out a plan to kick 20 million people off insurance.
It's just my twin brother. We've been pretty close for a while. | 2019-04-21T02:14:42Z | https://failblog.cheezburger.com/tag/trucks |
What is my goal when I play hockey? To win? To win playoff championships? To be the best goalie? Everyone has their standards they set and mine has always been championship or bust. I have been very fortunate to be on many championship teams. Some have been the best in the league after the season is over and have cruised through the playoffs. Others have been #4 seeds that have barely made it in, and yet won it all. Then I have had some #1 seeds that have dominated through the regular season, and then struggled in playoffs and got ousted.
In the end, its all about that trophy I lift up at the end of the day on Saturday. Now, why is that? A lot of it has to do with how others look at me. I always feel the pressure of the people I play with and against to look at me favorably. I feel like a failure if I don’t win it all. If I don’t win my final game of the playoffs, its a bad season to me.
Those are very lofty expectations. I have been fortunate to be a playoff champion for the better part a year and a half. Six consecutive seasons I have been a champion on one or more teams. A total of 18 trophies later, and I am still hungry for another one.
At the same time though, all good things must come to an end. Will that streak end this season? I would like to think no, but who knows how it will all turn out. When my season does and, and I don’t hold a trophy in my hands, I should not be discouraged. You can’t be a champion every season. New players should get the opportunity to taste victory. New teams should get the chance to be a winner.
In the end, I have achieved more than I can possibly imagine.
The reason for this post is to have me realize that this run I have been on for the longest time is going to end soon. When it does, I know I will be devestated. In return, I will probably retreat deep within myself and not want to go out with my friends or the other players. Mainly because of how others will view me. That isn’t the right course of action. | 2019-04-20T00:30:59Z | http://www.nightfall.net/2007/07/25/my-goal/ |
Here you'll find everything you need for your 110 block system installations. We've got 110 and 66 blocks for data and voice, Cat5e and Cat6 blocks and bases, rackmount and wall mount blocks. We've also got Cat5e and Cat6 patch cords, available in many sizes to suit a variety of different configurations, and flame retardant, pre-primed backboards to make installation easier and allow you to mount your network wiring systems right out of the box. | 2019-04-18T12:39:39Z | https://www.cableorganizer.com/telecom-datacom/110-block-wiring.htm |
The following activity flick from Ram Charan Teja, Dhurva, is slated for release in the not so distant future and the movie producers introduced his thrill seeker cop act in a one-minute secret on Tuesday. The secret has as of now hit the web with a blast, enlisting near one million perspectives in under 24 hours.
In Dhruva, Ram Charan is found in two symbols — deftly multi-entrusting as both an insight operator and in addition a pumped-up cop with utilizing muscles and a somewhat fascinating haircut. While no activity grouping was appeared in the secret, it is guaranteed that the megastar will settle to no end not exactly two or three battles in any motion picture. From the movies hit Magadheera to Thoofan (redo of 1973's Zanjeer) Charan has dependably been excited about marking activity stuffed parts.
This Ram Charan starrer is the official Telugu revamp of Tamil blockbuster, Jayam Ravi's Thani Oruvan. Music has been created by Hiphop Tamizha, who likewise formed for the Tamil unique, and cinematography is by P S Vinod.
Under Surender Reddy's course, Dhruva additionally highlights performing artist Rakul Preet Singh, who plays Ram Charan's darling, aside from Arvind Swamy who is likewise observed assuming a critical part.
While the film was planned for a discharge in October to contend in the Dusshera Tollywood race, the dates had been pushed further to December. | 2019-04-18T15:26:01Z | http://telugucinemanewsblog.blogspot.com/2016/10/ram-charan-dhruva-movie-teaser-on.html |
Adventure Tourism includes at least two of the following three aspects: Physical activity, interaction with nature, and cultural learning or exchange (ATTA, 2006). There are different types of adventure tourism, ranging from high-risk activities such as climbing or caving (hard adventure) to low-risk activities like ecotourism and volunteer tourism (soft adventure).
Community-based tourism is “a form of ecotourism that emphasizes the development of local communities and allows for local residents to have substantial control over, and involvement in, its development and management, and a major proportion of the benefits remain within the community. Community-based ecotourism should foster sustainable use and collective responsibility, but it also embraces individual initiatives within the community” (Bortner, 2013).
Ecotourism is “responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, sustains the well-being of the local people, and involves interpretation and education” (TIES, 2015).
Pro-poor tourism (PPT) is “tourism that results in increased net benefits for poor people. PPT is not a specific product or niche sector but an approach to tourism development and management. It enhances the linkages between tourism businesses and poor people, so that tourism’s contribution to poverty reduction is increased and poor people are able to participate more effectively in product development” (Pro-Poor Tourism Partnership, 2004).
Sustainable Tourism is “tourism that takes full account of its current and future economic, social and environmental impacts, addressing the needs of visitors, the industry, the environment, and host communities” (UNEP & UNWTO, 2005).
Voluntourism is the intersection of international volunteering and tourism (Clemmons, 2012). “Volunteer tourism is a form of travel which involves volunteering for a worthy, often charitable cause“ (Tomazos, 2010). | 2019-04-19T20:50:55Z | http://pinterra.de/definitions/ |
FleishmanHillard Inc., a leading global communications agency, is widely recognized for excellent client service and a strong company culture founded on teamwork, integrity, and personal commitment. We operate throughout North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East, South Africa, and Latin America through our 80 owned offices. For more than 60 years, the firm has developed an unsurpassed reputation for delivering a meaningful, positive, and measurable impact on our clients’ performance.
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FleishmanHillard specializes in public relations, reputation management, public affairs, brand marketing, digital strategy, social engagement and content strategy. We have been named PRWeek’s Global Agency of the Year and Best Places to Work; a “Standout Agency” on Advertising Age’s A-List; NAFE’s “Top 50 Companies for Executive Women” for six years running; and among our firm’s award-winning work we’ve taken home 5 Lions in the past two years at the Cannes International Festival of Creativity. We’re also more motivated by what we can give than what we receive, and in our 70th year we’ve initiated a worldwide service commitment to support social inclusion in the communities in which we work and live. | 2019-04-22T06:25:02Z | https://fleishmanhillard.com/job/client-financial-analyst-st-louis/ |
The fourteen strong Irish team for the 2015 Cerebral Palsy Football 7-a-side World Championships set to take place in St. George’s Park, England from June 15th – 28th has been announced. The Irish team, led by captain and Beijing Paralympian Luke Evans, is currently ranked seventh in the world following their fourth place finish at last year’s European Championships. This tournament is the only chance the Irish team have to secure a precious qualifying spot at the 2016 Rio Paralympic Games.
Ireland have been drawn in Group B alongside Paralympic champions Russia, who they play in their opening match on June 16th at 7pm. Also contesting their group will be Australia, who they face on June 18th, and Portugal will be their final group game on June 20th. Ireland will need to finish in the top two in their group to progress to the quarter-finals; a key step in securing one of the Paralympic qualifying spots on offer.
With sixteen teams competing eight will progress to the quarter-finals; the top two from each group.
Reigning European champions Ukraine were drawn in group A with hosts England, Japan and one of the world’s leading sides; Iran. Brazil; currently ranked third in the world, Scotland, USA and Venezuela. Netherlands who were runners up in last year’s European Championships were drawn in Group D with Argentina; a repeat of the bronze medal match from London 2012, alongside Canada and Northern Ireland.
The sport is similar to football for able-bodied players with a few variations. There are seven players on the field at a time rather than 11, the measurements of the playing field are smaller, there is no offside rule and throw-ins may be made with just one hand. Matches consist of two halves of thirty minutes each.
Classification is a unique and integral part of disability sport. It provides the structure to separate athletes with similar levels of impairments into groups, or classes as they are commonly known, so they can compete in fair and equal competitions against one another, and ensure that winning is determined by skill, fitness, power, endurance, tactical ability and mental focus. This same principle exists in non-Paralympic sports where athletes are classified according to age, gender or weight divisions to allow for as fair competition as possible.
Ambulant athletes with Cerebral Palsy (CP) classes 5, 6, 7 & 8 play 7-a-side soccer. Class 5 represents those athletes with the more severe level of CP, with those in class 8 the least impaired. Teams must feature players from each class during a game with a recent rule change meaning only one class 8 player can be on the field at any one time. | 2019-04-23T21:04:19Z | https://www.paralympics.ie/news/2015/06/11/irish-team-for-2015-cerebral-palsy-football-7-a-side-world-championships-announced |
What happens when you really, really, want a cafe mocha but really, really, really want to stay home in your pajamas? Make your own, that's what! Whether you just have drip coffee or espresso, you can bring the cafe into your own home quicker than you could change into real pants and get out the door. So put your wallet down and start with Step 1 below.
Brew as much coffee as you want. To be closer to authentic, you'll want to use double-strength, dark-roasted coffee. And you could use instant coffee if you're in a pinch, but brewed coffee is just so much better.
Coffee reaches "double-strength" when it's around 4 tablespoons (60 g) of coffee grinds to 6 ounces of water.
Make a cafe-style chocolate syrup with warm water and sweetened cocoa powder. Combine equal parts of each and stir up in a small bowl. You'll need about 2 tablespoons (30 g) for one mocha drink.
In your mug, combine the chocolate syrup with your coffee. The more coffee you have, the more chocolate syrup you'll probably want. But be sure to leave room for milk!
Steam some milk or heat it on the stovetop or in the microwave. How much? Well, how big is your mug? 1/3 to 1/2 cup (3 to 4 ounces) is usually plenty.
You want the milk between 140 and 160°F (60 - 70°C). Any hotter than that and the milk burns, losing its flavor.
Fill your mug with heated milk. If there's any foam, be sure to hold it back with a spoon, so it layers above the mocha on top.
If you like a really, really sweet mocha, add a teaspoon of sugar to your drink before you top it with foam.
Top with whip cream, a sprinkling of cocoa powder, and enjoy! Chocolate or caramel syrup -- or even cinnamon or turbinado sugar -- is a nice touch, too.
Combine the hot water, cocoa powder, sugar, and salt right in your mug. This will make the classic chocolate flavoring you can find in your favorite cafe; it will be so much more gratifying than just pouring Hershey's syrup into your coffee. That stuff is for children.
Brew up some espresso. You want enough to fill just about half of your mug. If you don't want that much caffeine, consider combining it with a decaf roast or using fewer beans in your brew.
Steam 1/2 cup of milk. If you have a steamer, of course. If you don't, you can just add your milk straight to your espresso and heat in the microwave or throw the milk onto the stovetop and heat to 160°F (70°C). But if you have an espresso machine, you probably have a steamer!
Make sure the tip of your steamer isn't too near the bottom or too near the top of your milk. You want it not too be too bubbly and aerated, but also not burned and over-steamed. It should only take about 15 seconds, and if you have a thermometer, stop around 160°F (70°C).
Is your mug Central Perk-style large? Then you may want closer to 3/4 of a cup.
Add the steamed milk to your chocolate syrup. But be sure to hold a large spoon to the edge of your steamed milk to hold back the foam. You want that stuff to go on top, after the milk and chocolate have combined.
Once all the milk has gone into your mug, spoon out the foam so it rests uniformly on top, putting the proverbial icing on the cake.
Add in your espresso. Bam! Mocha created. If you have a flavored syrup lying around that you'd like to add (maybe caramel or raspberry), add it at this stage.
Garnish with whip cream and a sprinkling of cocoa. Because it's not enough that it tastes good, it's got to look good too. You can also top it with caramel, cinnamon, or turbinado sugar. Heck, birthday sprinkles and a cherry if you'd like. Now all you have to do is drink up!
In the "Using Espresso" method, why is salt added? Is adding salt a must or optional?
Salt is supposed to increase the intensity of the flavor. I would say it is recommended, but optional.
Using decaffeinated coffee to make a coffee drink is perfectly acceptable for people who dislike caffeine, have heart conditions or do not wish to be energized.
How can I make a mocha coffee without special equipment?
You just need a few cups to measure out ingredients and mix things together. A saucepan is useful to heat up milk, or you can use a microwave. Generally, you can add the chocolate you prefer to your cup of coffee and milk.
My espresso is fine, but my mocha is weak in coffee flavor, what do I do?
Try using more espresso, and less chocolate and milk. You get more used to coffee over time, so you might need to make it stronger.
Can I drink mocha chilled?
Yes! Iced mochas are quite popular in some countries. Alternatively, you can freeze mocha into either an ice pop or ice cubes; if you're expecting company, you can use these to make more chilled mochas while still retaining the flavor.
How long do I microwave it for?
You can microwave it for up to two minutes, or based on your personal preference.
If you added whipped cream, try adding chocolate syrup to it to make it like a coffee shop mocha with that chocolate drizzle effect.
If you want the iced version, simply put ice and the coffee in a blender and blend.
Be careful not to heat anything more than you need to. It could burn the flavor or burn you!
Experiment with various sweeteners to find one that tastes best to you. There are some concerns about the health effects of any kind of sweetener, from sugar to Splenda to NutraSweet and their derivatives.
To make a mocha coffee drink, start by brewing a strong pot of coffee. While the coffee is brewing, mix equal parts warm water and cocoa powder in a bowl to make chocolate syrup. Then, pour some of the coffee and chocolate syrup into a mug and stir the drink thoroughly. Finally, heat up some milk in the microwave or on the stovetop and pour it into the mug to finish your drink. To learn how to make a mocha coffee drink using espresso, scroll down!
Thanks to all authors for creating a page that has been read 785,117 times.
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"Very nice and simply written!" | 2019-04-24T04:40:16Z | https://www.wikihow.com/Make-a-Mocha-Coffee-Drink |
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You might think from the title of this post that I'm all set to rant about the upcoming April 1 opening of the H-1B filing season -- the period known in the trade as the time of Preparation H. You might think I'm poised to critique the annual government lottery that causes so much employer and foreign-worker hand wringing as they fret about whether the quota will dry up in a day or two, as it has in the recent past. If you thought so, you would be wrong.
I write instead to decry two other quotas, one alleged and the other well established, both involving the enforcement side of the immigration house.
The first is described in an Associated Press report. It seems that on Monday the U.S. Border Patrol mounted an investigation of allegations by agents in the Riverside (CA) region. These Border Patrollers complain that their January quota on apprehensions of unauthorized immigrants had jumped to 150 per month from 100 in November and December. A failure to meet the quota, agents allege, would result in some form of unspecified punishment. Reminiscent of arguments over affirmative action, the appointed government spokesperson hinted that the incident may be just one big misunderstanding: It's about "numerical goals," not quotas.
The second enforcement quota, dubbed Operation Endgame and developed in stealth by the Bush Administration, was initially intended to target foreign fugitives from our criminal justice system who presented clear and present dangers to national security or public safety. As the Migration Policy Institute recently reported, however, somewhere along the way that quota-driven strategy lost its raison d'être. Endgame's denouement proved a mission too creepy. The agents began targeting run-of-the-mill immigration status violators instead.
With both of these benighted quotas, the drive to "make the numbers" seems to have blinded the quota cops from a clear sight of their statutory mission. The quest apparently became a daily numbers game. It should never be just about the numbers, although they do look impressive in an ICE press release, or in an appearance before Congress or Lou Dobbs. If foreign-born criminals or terrorists can't be found, then pinching a visa overstayer instead will apparently just have to do.
In just over two weeks, on Feb. 20, "relevant components and offices of the department" must respond to her politely phrased request (she did say "[p]lease"). Stay tuned for the answer, even if it only distracts us temporarily from the painful season of Preparation H. | 2019-04-26T00:14:17Z | http://ilw.com/articles/2009,0209-paparelli.shtm |
The 1911 census places Joseph Harold Fletcher in 8 King Street, Mold. He was single and a 25 year old manager of a brewery. He lived with his widowed mother, Eleanor, his 30 year old sister Catherine A and his 12 year old brother Charles. In 1911, he married Olive Muriel Bell from Rhuddlan. His CWGC certificate states that Olive’s address after the war was ‘Windyridge 68 Wentworth Rd Barnet Herts. His Flintshire Roll of Honour Card gives Earl Road as an address and is signed by E Fletcher – his mother?
The battle of Cambrai was a famous WW1 battle bcause it was where the British, used tanks for the first time. The tanks made a spectacular breakthrough of German lines and considerable ground was gained. unfortunately the infantry was unable to keep up with the tanks and were left exposed to a relentless German counter attack and the ensuing massive losses. | 2019-04-18T10:48:29Z | http://www.flintshirewarmemorials.com/memorials/mold-memorial-2/mold-soldiers/joseph-harold-fletcher/ |
The Neosegment Digit campaign is now live. Neosegment Digit is a modular, open source RGB Seven Segment Display that simplifies displaying numeric information.
Pledge today and help spread the word on this great project! | 2019-04-23T21:58:48Z | https://www.crowdsupply.com/makemakes/neosegment/updates/campaign-launch |
Flash Video, commonly known as FLV video, is a video file format which uses Adobe Flash Player or Adobe Air to deliver digital video/audio over the Internet. FLV videos surround us everywhere in the Internet since most of the producers of web ads, movie trailers, or films on the Internet use this sort of video format to display the content they want to show. Mastering the way on how to edit FLV videos can bring significant value, for example, enhancing the content and effect of FLV videos would help ads catch more attention from visitors. However, flash files are not fully supported on media players and mobile devices, and it gets even worse when it comes to editng them. Therefore one of the best practice is to convert flash videos to the more popular MP4 format before editing them in the first place. We collected the most efficient programs to assist you in editing flash videos.
How to edit FLV videos on Windows?
It is important to note that Windows Live Movie Maker doesn’t read FLV files. We have to convert them to WMV or MP4 format before it is ready to be edited. Video Grabber is one tool to convert video and audio files while keeping the video quality of the created video. Access its official website, click on “Convert Video” and then click on “Select files to Convert” in order to choose your desired FLV file conversion. Afterwards, click on the “Format” button to choose a file format supported by Movie Maker, such as MP4, AVI or WMV. Finally, click on “Convert” and you can get the converted file very soon.
After preparing our FLV file to be ready for Movie Maker, the program allows us to edit FLV videos in various ways, including splitting the video, applying video effects, adding captions/transition/animation, adjusting the sound volume, increasing the video speed, among many others. If you have Windows running on your computer, it is recommended to try Movie Maker to enhance your FLV video files. However note that the resulted file will be encoded in MP4 and WMV format. Movie Maker is preinstalled on PCs running on a Windows system earlier than Windows 10.
Video Converter Studio is a converter program that supports every video and audio format. You can also change the width, height, frame size and bitrate of your video before converting it. This application keeps the resolution and quality of the original files while converting them quickly and easily. In case of using this program, there is no need to re-encode flash videos, therefore you can go and edit FLV videos directly with it.
If you choose to try this software, after loading your desired file into the software, click on the “Edit” button and a new window will be opened where you can split a video, crop the size, adjust the aspect ratio, sync video and audio, change visual effects, increase audio volume, add watermark and texts to the video.
If you are looking for a professional FLV video editor to enhance flash files in a comprehensive way, ApowerEdit is the best program to go with. It lets you perform advanced editing with its amazing features, allowing you can to cut, trim, merge, split, rotate, combine video clips, apply video effects and speed up/slow down your video speed and so on. Below you can see the main steps about how to edit FLV videos with it. This will help you find out more features in it.
Click on the “Download” button to download the program and install it by following the instructions.
Open the software, choose the aspect ratio you want to use to start editing your FLV files.
Click on “Import” > “Import file” on the main interface to select the file from your computer to load into the software.
Drag and drop the file to the video track, select the clip, click on “Edit” to make simple modifications such as splitting, or adding visual effects.
Drag templates like “Text”, “Filter”, “Overlay”, “Transition” to their respective track, and set the start and end time for them.
Click on the “Export” button, choose the file format and rename it. The file will be soon saved to your computer.
Obviously, this FLV video editing software covers all functions that people will ask for when it comes to editing a video. Furthermore, it fully supports flash video files.
For a better understanding and comparison of the advised programs, you can have a look at the table below. | 2019-04-24T12:31:54Z | https://www.videograbber.net/edit-flv-videos.html |
Will The Latest E-Cig Death Start To Change How We Think About Vaping?
Two people have died from exploding e-cigs and teens are getting hooked at an alarming rate....but they're still unregulated in most of the United States.
An exploding e-cigarette just took the life of a young man in Texas, reigniting a years-long discussion about vaping safety. News outlets say William Brown was in the parking lot of a vape and smoke shop on January 27th when his e-cigarette exploded, shot through his neck, and tore his left carotid artery. He was rushed to the hospital and placed in a medically-induced coma, where he died two days later. X-rays following the explosion showed a piece of the e-cigarette lodged in his throat. Brown was just weeks away from his 25th birthday when he died.
Investigators say the vape pens' battery caused the explosion. The battery inside e-cigarettes heats a liquid nicotine solution to create an aerosol that's inhaled like cigarettes. E-cigarette explosion lawyers say these batteries are known to explode and cause fire and serious injuries. More than 120 lawsuits have been filed so far, and that number is growing with each new product that hits the market.
Juuls are changing the scene around young people, as they're starting to become as commonplace as cell phones. They're small, flavorful, and look like a USB drive - making them very easy to hide in plain sight. If you haven't tried a Juul, I bet at least one of your friends has. And I bet at least one of their friends keeps a Juul in their pocket all the time.
Juuls were the subject of a class-action lawsuit in Philadelphia last year after many users said the marketing team lied about the amount of nicotine in their products. Juuls have been the subject of a lot of scrutinies recently, largely because much of their marketing has been directed to teens. Like most e-cigarettes, the nicotine solutions come in a variety of flavors that appeal to young people. We've all been walking down the street and walked through a cloud of cotton candy or tropical-scented vapor, only to realize the smell came from someone puffing an e-cig on the sidewalk. But the prevalence of these devices, and the multitude of studies both proving and disproving that they're better for you than cigarettes has put vaping at the forefront of the public eye.
According to his grandmother, Brown suffered from asthma problems and had been encouraged to try vaping by one of his friends. The friend told him it would help him breathe better. This is just one of the many misconceptions being circulated about e-cigarettes, which could explain why they've become so popular among young people in the United States. Last year the FDA declared teen e-cigarette use an epidemic, citing "almost ubiquitous - and dangerous - trend among teenagers". Data from November 2018 showed a 78% increase in the number of high school students who reported vaping in the past month, as compared to the previous year. Those numbers represented more than 3 million American high school students, more than 20% of the population. The study also included nearly 600,000 middle school students who had used the nicotine products.
In an effort to reverse the trend, the administration pulled flavored e-cigarette juice from convenience store shelves across the U.S. The change meant that all flavors other than menthol, mint, and tobacco could only be sold at age-restricted online retailers and smoke shops.
Research is inconclusive about the long term health effects of vaping. Some, including many of the e-cigarette companies themselves, argue their products are a less harmful way to address nicotine cravings in adults. They were first marketed as a weaning device for long-term smokers. However, the ease and prevalence of e-cigarettes have many concerned about making it easier for the next generation to form a nicotine addiction. Before the FDA began to intervene there were very few federal regulations limiting e-cigarettes. There are still very few regulations in place about the physical safety of the devices. But as more people suffer severe and fatal injuries after exploding batteries, there is a growing public concern.
Brown's death was not the first linked to an exploding vaporizer. Last May, a man in St. Petersburg, Florida became the first man to die from an e-cigarette explosion when pieces of his vape shot through his skull. Between 2009 and 2016, there were 195 separate e-cigarette fire and explosion accidents in the United States. In comparison, the lithium-ion batteries in hoverboards had sparked 99 fires as of 2016, resulting in a massive recall of nearly 500,000 products. It's now very clear that there's a problem with e-cigarettes, leaving many to wonder how many people will need to get hurt before changes are made in the industry.
ADD isn't all that it's cracked up to be.
As I'm writing this, I can feel my concentration slipping. Noises have become enticing, I feel distanced from my phone, and every time someone walks by me in the library, I turn around seeing if it's someone I know. My extended-release Adderall is starting to wear off and my brain is starting to relax back to its natural state. My ADD is climbing out from underneath the blanket of focus I had for 10 hours today.
ADD is not all that it's cracked up to be. Sure, we get prescribed the precious Adderall so many people want, but at what cost? Let me put this in context for you. You know when you're at the library and there's a one really, really loud girl talking on the phone? You know the one. The girl that, for some reason, thinks it's OK to have a full-fledged conversation with her mom about her boyfriend in the middle of the quiet section. The girl that's talking so loud that it's all you can think about, occupying all of your focus. Well, that's what every single person in the room is like when you have ADD.
Distractions that are easy to ignore to someone without ADD are intensified and, instead of focusing on the task at hand, I'm listening to the girl three seats down from me eat her barbecue kettle chips. When you have ADD, it's not just schoolwork you can't focus on. You can't focus on anything. I tried to watch a foreign film one time without my medicine, and I forgot to pay attention to the subtitles. I realized about halfway through the movie that I had no idea what was going on.
What almost everyone that asks me for my Adderall doesn't understand is that I take Adderall to focus how you would normally. When you take my Adderall you feel like you can solve the world's problems. You can bang out an entire project in one night. You can cram for an entire exam fueled by this surge of motivation that seems super-hero-like.
You take my Adderall and ask me, “Is this how you feel all the time?" And, unfortunately, my answer is no. I'll never feel like a limitless mastermind. When I take Adderall, I become a normal human being. I can finish a normal amount of work, in a normal amount of time.
My brain works in two modes: on Adderall, and off Adderall. On Adderall, I'm attentive, motivated and energetic. Off Adderall, I can barely get up the motivation and focus to clean my room or send an email. And it's frustrating. I'm frustrated with my lack of drive. I'm frustrated that this is how my brain operates. Scattered, spastic and very, very unorganized. There's nothing desirable about not being able to finish a sentence because you lost thought mid-way through.
The worst thing that you can say to anyone with ADD is, “I think I should start taking Adderall." Having ADD isn't a free pass to get super-pills, having ADD means you have a disability. I take Adderall because I have a disability, and it wasn't a choice I had a say in. I was tested for ADD my freshman year of college.
My parents were skeptical because they didn't know exactly what ADD was. To them, the kids with ADD were the bad kids in school that caused a scene and were constantly sent out of class. Not an above average student in her first year at a university. I went to a counselor and, after I was diagnosed with ADD, told me with a straight mouth, “Marissa this is something you're going to have to take for the rest of your life."
When the late-night assignments and cramming for the tests are over, and we're all out in the real world, I'm still going to be taking Adderall. When I'm raising a family and have to take the right kid to the right place for soccer practice, I'm still going be taking Adderall. And when I'm trying to remember the numbers they just said for bingo at my nursing home, I'm still going to be taking Adderall.
So you tell me you're jealous that I get prescribed Adderall? Don't be. I'm jealous that you can drink a cup a coffee and motivate yourself once you lose focus. I'm jealous that the success of your day doesn't depend on whether or not you took a pill that morning. The idea of waking up and performing a full day without my medicine is foreign to me.
My brain works in two modes, and I don't know which one is the right one. I don't know which mode is the one the big man upstairs wants me to operate in. So before you say you want to be prescribed to Adderall, ask yourself if you need and want to operate in two different modes.
Ask yourself if you want to rely on medicine to make your entire life work. If I had a choice, I would choose coffee like the rest of the world. | 2019-04-22T02:07:23Z | https://www.theodysseyonline.com/e-cigarette-explosion-death |
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When our balance hoverboard is fitted with a kart frame, it's like putting another pair of wings on the car, and little children can experience drift more comfortably, and families can rest assured that the child can ride his little world by himself.This is a safer option for riding a hoverboard, especially for new riders.When connected to a hoverboard, the kart allows the rider to sit comfortably in the race-inspired bucket seat and accelerate, stop and steer with intuitive hand controls the ergonomic space-foam handlebar grips. The self balancing go kart keeps you stable so you can’t fall over as you comfortably sit and ride. Attach any hoverboard to the front of the cart and you’re ready to go. If you know how to ride a hoverboard normally, you’ll easily master this hoverboard cart. You control the speed and turning with your feet–the cart even reverses using the same natural movements. This cart works on and off road over many different types of surfaces (grass, gravel, packed sand, etc.).
Best karting hoverboard accessories for you.
When the balance is fitted with a balanced frame, a different playground is built for the kids - stronger, faster and bigger. The best skateboard karts, upgrade your suspension skateboard with our easy-to-install suspension karts and seats. Add extra hovering seat by using our conversion kit to increase the extra fun of sitting and riding on top. The karting with the hover board will be the perfect gift for a child or adult. This easy-to-assemble hoverboard attachment lets you roll on the street right away and become a conversation with your neighbors. The handlebar allows you to make a wheel that controls braking and steering. The karting is made of high-quality steel and plastic and is attached to the suspension wheel by a sturdy strap attachment. All components are very sturdy and can be used for many years.
Whether you're buying a hoverboard for the first time or have a hoverboard for the first time, buying a skateboard kart seat will bring hours of fun to your skateboarding experience. These hoverboard seats are attached to your hoverboard and can be used for cycling. You can play a hoverboarding game with your friends or ride your own bike. We offer upgrades for your suspension skateboard seats, such as larger wheels or a better heavy-duty strap system. Prevent the belt from loosening.
We only sell the best Hoverboards, and adding a flying kart seat to your home will add hours of fun and excitement. The space-time gyro technology of the air cushion creates a new electric experience. Sturdy and adjustable, the Skate Kart is designed for most children and some adults and is designed for self-balancing scooters with wheel sizes ranging from 6.5 to 10 inches. With a 0 degree turn radius of the additional hoverboard, the front end of the go-kart is rotated on precision casters, making it incredibly maneuverable and stable, and riding on a variety of surfaces than most hoverboards. | 2019-04-21T22:07:10Z | https://www.ihoverboard.co.uk/blog/hoverboard-and-self-balancing-go-kartnew-existed-and-new-experience/ |
Ingvar Ronde pleasantly surprised the entire whisky world when he came on the scene, totally out of nowhere, in 2006, with his Malt Whisky Yearbook.
Since then the sympathetic Swede has updated MWY each and every year. It is a must have, for the whiskylover as well as the expert.
Ingvar also published two other whiskybooks, in Swedish. | 2019-04-19T16:15:45Z | https://www.whiskyboeken.nl/en_GB/c-4744994/ingvar-ronde/ |
Late 19th century /early 20th century silk ikat chapan/robe from Uzbekistan with a Russian red cotton floral print lining.Lightly quilted with a wool padding.
Good condition with wear consistent with its age and use.
Some small splits in the silk in the underarm and at the back.Some minor colour bleeding. | 2019-04-19T16:17:12Z | https://www.katharinepole.com/en-GB/vintage-costume/late-19th-century-uzbek-silk-ikat-chapan-robe/prod_10922 |
I'm getting in a Fall type of mood.
These items are incredibly versatile for the upcoming season.
Each piece screams, "layer me"!
What are you lusting after for Fall?
i can't say i'm ready for summer to leave me yet, buuuut i definitely can appreciate fall pieces when i see them ;) those striped leggings are so fun! | 2019-04-22T22:50:56Z | http://www.fashionablecollections.com/2013/08/fall-wishlist.html |
Sometimes you wonder if film festival juries watch the same movies as us ordinary mortals, however our selection for the Best of the Fests strand takes a consensus view from across the globe and we are sure that this group of films will both entertain and challenge.
We have two films from Down Under. The Dark Horse from New Zealand was that country's film of the year. It out-performed, in box office terms, anything released by its neighbour across the Tasman Sea and was well received at Festivals as diverse as Palm Springs and Rotterdam. That is not to say that Australia's The Infinite Man is in any way inferior – it won magnificent reviews at Festivals such as the South by South West in Austin, Texas.
Your Beauty is Worth Nothing is an Austrian film that deals with a newly-arrived Turkish family's struggle with day to day life in Vienna – it virtually swept the board of Golden Oranges at Antalya despite being the Director's Final Year project and Excuse my French survived the Egyptian censors before making it to the Festival circuit.
Stray Dogs left audiences and critics at the New York and Toronto Film Festivals mesmerised, and took the Grand Jury Prize from the panel at the Venice awards.
Class Enemy was also a winner at the Venice Festival and also played at Sevilla. The Venice Jury tends to like a dark film and this exploration of classroom dynamics promises to be up there with the best in the genre – you may remember The Wave at KFF14. The Venice critics (along with those at Sundance) also went for White Shadow an African tale of the perils faced by an albino boy.
The Retrieval is our offering from the USA. It too is a favourite of the Festival circuit, enjoyed by audiences in Deauville, New Orleans and Phoenix.
The real arbiter of what is a good film is you. Will any of these international favourites be good enough for a KFF Audience Award?
Never before screened in England, our opening film from New Zealand is an emotionally-charged and inspiring story of a man who has to overcome his own adversities to inspire a group of young people – through the unlikely medium of chess. We have enjoyed a number of powerful films from New Zealand such as The Piano and Whale Rider and The Dark Horse is sure to join that cannon of great films. One not to be missed.
Difret is based on a true story and tells of the experiences of a young girl who fights back against the traditional Ethiopian method of finding a bride – essentially kidnapping. In trying to escape she sets in motion consequences that bring the full weight of the tribal as well as judicial system against her. Defended by a female lawyer who hears about her case on the radio, Difret is a story about justice and the emerging place of women in a traditional society.
Described as a dark comedy, Excuse My French centres on Hany Abdullah Peter Soussa (Ahmed Dash), a young Egyptian Copt boy, who, after tragically losing his devoted and influential father, is uprooted from private education and enrolled in a state school. Overwhelmed by this new dog eat dog environment, Hany is mistaken for a Muslim by pupils and teachers alike and, for fear of being ostracised by his new peers, decides not to correct them on their assumption.
Director Amr Salama's screenplay for the film survived four rejections by the Egyptian censor of three successive governments before the final cut was approved for filming.
Set during the American Civil War, The Retrieval tells the story of three Afro-Americans and what they had to do in order to survive. This is a meticulously shot period drama that eschews battle scenes in favour of character development and is all the more powerful for it.
All the great world's cities contain pockets of different nationalities and in the case of Vancouver in the 1930s, this film focuses on the Japanese community, more specifically the Canadian-born first generation of Japanese immigrants, who started their own baseball team – the Vancouver Asahi.
Out-sized and out-muscled by their Caucasian opponents and in the face of racism and prejudice, the team rethinks its strategy and starts to find success.
Much more than a sporting underdog movie, The Vancouver Asahi goes on to explore the tensions between communities and between generations as World War II looms.
Please note that this film is now showing at 1pm in The Theatre By The Lake and not 1pm at The Alhambra as stated in the programme.
Many films feature a suicide and its aftermath but few, if any, do so in quite the way depicted byClass Enemy. Set in a school, the conduct of a new German teacher sets in train a sequence of events and speculation. This masterpiece not only shows the impact on those who claim to know the victim but also the lengths to which the establishment will go to protect its interests. Based on events witnessed and experienced by the director, although the story has been heavily fictionalised, this is a stunning piece of cinema. | 2019-04-24T11:51:39Z | http://www.keswickfilmclub.org/kff/page.php?id=kff16best |
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I make zines, and on this page, you can find information, sample pages, and ordering links for them. To order, you can send me an email at [email protected] and I will respond with an invoice through Square. All prices include US postage.
We Are Now An Eager Beaver !!! ¦A Choose Your Very Own Surrealist Poetry Adventure Zine.
(2018, 28 pages) $5, shipping included.
Assembled from scraps of text ranging from your local east coast trucking newsletter to Robinson Crusoe, this choose your own poetry adventure zine lets you take a turn through a surrealist landscape populated by fish sandwiches, calipers, caliper hardware, homofuturist magic, and goats.
(2018, 16 Pages) $18, shipping included.
Illustrated with linocuts by the inimitable Laura Stinson and with hand-cut letters by me, this zine is an illustrated edition of the first poem in the Orca series from Cruise Ship (the epic poem I’ve been working on for almost as long as the Trojan war lasted). It’s all about whale gods and queer desire. Printed by hand and on a hand-cranked antique letterpress.
Agricomics is a sporadically serialized zine of comic memoirs related to my life and times as a farmer, gardener, and general dirty person. The individual comics are available here on yeswehaveno.com, but you can get a real-life-hold-in-your-hands copy of both stories in one issue here. | 2019-04-19T09:06:14Z | https://yeswehaveno.com/zines/ |
Visit the Missouri Film Office on Facebook.
Learn more about a new nationwide Missouri Stories Scriptwriting Fellowship competition, which St. Louis native directed the biggest box office movie of the summer and where you can join a Mid-Missouri industry meet-up – check out the latest Missouri Film News.
Three Missouri towns will be featured in Fireball Run, see trailers for FOUR Made-in-Missouri feature films and check out a Boone Dawdle – all this and more in the latest Missouri Film News.
The Missouri Film Office website gets an upgrade, a new KC Office of Film and New Media and a look at Cape Girardeau in the Gone Girl trailer.
Documentary announcements and True/False, the 2013 Film Commission Annual Report and a look inside a versatile Missouri Wine Country filming location – check out the latest Missouri Film News.
A MO-filmed doc in competition at Sundance, Missouri on international screens, and the first Gone Girl pics are released, all this and more in the latest Missouri Film News.
A national casting search for Disney, three feature films wrap production, and The 22nd St. Louis International Film Festival starts next week. Check out the latest Missouri Film News.
Film events in KC this weekend, lots of summer production across the state, and Missouri on the big screen – all this and more in the latest Missouri Film News.
You are invited to a movie premiere in Jefferson City, “Restaurant Impossible” shoots in St. Louis, and we are looking for a retro resort. Check out the latest Missouri Film News.
The business of Reality TV, Mo-made films at Cannes & Redbox, and our first company spotlight – a KC visual effects studio.
© 2019 Missouri Film Office. | 2019-04-20T16:46:14Z | https://mofilm.org/author/asporcic/ |
The life God has planned for you is designed to require constant dependence on Him. You cannot do it alone; and if you try, you will find yourself weary and defeated.
Do you ever just feel tired, worn down, or weary? I don’t just mean physical exhaustion, but also emotional or spiritual fatigue? We all have times when it feels like we cannot take one more step, answer one more call, teach one more lesson, or wipe one more nose. As long as we are giving ourselves away like God has called us to, there will be a danger of “burning out.” There is, however, a safeguard against this all-too-common frazzled and worn-out Christian life.
Perhaps no one worked harder to accomplish his earthly mission than the Apostle Paul. In his letter to the believers at Colossae, he told them of his great labors to further Christ’s gospel. He also shared, however, that he did so not according to his own strength, but with “all His energy, which so powerfully works in me.” When we see through Scripture all that Paul accomplished, he seems like a super-Christian, some rare breed of missionary that God specially equipped in some mysterious way. But Paul shared the secret to his super-human ability to keep going – it was the energy of God that propelled and sustained him.
Picture a wind-up toy. If you wind it up, it will go for a little while—but then you must wind it up again to keep it going. It cannot continually wind itself up; nor can it run forever on an initial wind up. The toy requires constant intervention to continue. The same is true, in a much deeper way, of us. The energy to “go” comes from a source other than us. We cannot continue without His power, which works in us through the Holy Spirit. If we are not continually connecting with our power source, we will eventually become ineffective, tired, and quit.
“And we pray this in order that you may live a life worthy of the Lord and may please Him in every way; bearing fruit in every good work, growing in the knowledge of God, being strengthened with all power according to His glorious might so that you may have great endurance and patience…” Colossians 1:10-11.
Are you striving to please God in your own power, or, like Paul, are you struggling with God’s energy? The life God has planned for you is designed to require constant dependence on Him. You cannot do it alone; and if you try, you will find yourself weary and defeated.
Almighty God, Help me to rely on Your power today as I live for You. I confess my need for You and my dependence on You. In Jesus’ Name, Amen. | 2019-04-23T03:02:11Z | https://www.idisciple.org/devotional/living-light |
MILWAUKEE — A new report by the Environmental Law & Policy Center said that some Wisconsin manufacturers may benefit from the expansion of high-speed rail nationwide, according to BizTimes.com.
The Center highlighted 73 Wisconsin supply chain companies, most of which are manufacturers, and more than 460 companies throughout the Midwest that have the potential to gain production and jobs from work to build high-speed passenger rail lines across the nation. For the full story, click here. | 2019-04-21T03:08:14Z | https://www.metro-magazine.com/rail/news/290049/wis-manufacturers-may-benefit-from-hsr-expansion |
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The saying ʻno job too big, no job too smallʼ is more than fitting at Royal City. We cover everything from assembling furniture to changing pictures and fitting shelves, through to fixing the plumbing, A/C and electrics. We pride ourselves on the standard of our highly skilled handymen, who always work hard to resolve your property problems. We never send a low skilled, ill-equipped Royal City to undertake even the most menial of tasks, as we only employ experienced, trade qualified personnel to ensure the highest possible professional standards. | 2019-04-24T06:49:18Z | http://royalcity.ae/services/handyman.aspx |
As Gospel stories go, this one is truly odd. It tells of Jesus leaving Galilee and walking to what is present day Lebanon. So, I asked myself, why on earth would a Galilean Jew make the trip to Tyre? First, it was a long way to walk. Depending on the route Jesus choose the trip would have been about 85 miles one way. Tyre could not have been more different than rural Galilee. It was a booming seaport city with two harbors serving strong economic forces in the region. Among other things Tyre was known for a much sought after scarlet-purple dye that it produced and glassware and was a leader in shipbuilding. They even minted their own coin. Before a causeway was built, Tyre was an island sitting a half mile out into the Mediterranean. It was home to a Roman hippodrome that seated 20,000 spectators, a huge triple-bay triumphal arch, an aqueduct and Roman gymnasiums and baths. It was a center of Canaanite paganism with temples to Astarte and other deities. It was a vacation destination. It was a pagan play ground and known to be heathen by the Jews. So why on earth would this itinerant rabbi choose to go there?
Mark’s Gospel tells us what led up to this odd story. Jesus had only recently learned that Herod had executed his cousin and mentor, John the Baptist. Jesus had gained notoriety as a traveling miracle worker. Following his feeding the five thousand wherever he went people laid out their sick and begged him to let them simply touch the edge of his cloak. And it adds, “and all who touched him were cured.” Evidently seeking to combat the growing popularity of this miracle worker a group of Pharisees and religious lawyers encounter him. Instead of being struck by the greatness of Jesus’ ministry they point to the fact that his followers didn’t wash their hands before eating. He told them that it was what came out of a person, not what went in that defiled Maybe they were mostly interested in protecting their belief system from the disruptive view of this itinerant upstart. Or maybe they were more interested in following their own traditions than living in obedience to the commandment of God. Jesus tells them it’s not the dirt on your hands that defile you. It is what comes out of you, not what goes in, that defiles you. Mark has it right. He called them hypocrites.
24From there he (Jesus) set out and went away to the region of Tyre. He entered a house and did not want anyone to know he was there. Yet he could not escape notice, 25but a woman whose little daughter had an unclean spirit immediately heard about him, and she came and bowed down at his feet. 26Now the woman was a Gentile, of Syrophoenician origin. She begged him to cast the demon out of her daughter. 27He said to her, “Let the children be fed first, for it is not fair to take the children’s food and throw it to the dogs.” 28But she answered him, “Sir, even the dogs under the table eat the children’s crumbs.” 29Then he said to her, “For saying that, you may go—the demon has left your daughter.” 30So she went home, found the child lying on the bed, and the demon gone.
Mark says Jesus went away to Tyre and found a house to stay in and he did not want to be recognized. I really have to wonder who accompanied him? Did he go alone? Traveling with his usual entourage, his disciples or even a select few would have been counter to his intended anonymity. According to Luke and Mark, long before Jesus ventured to Tyre the people there knew about him and the things he did because some had experienced the healing grace he had offered and then returned home.
Probably the biggest issue for us is how to deal with palpable rudeness of Jesus in this story. It is so contradictory to our understanding of his character. Nowhere else does he refuse a direct request to heal someone. Nowhere else does he respond to one seeking aid with a bald insult, calling her and her afflicted daughter “dogs.” Is he categorizing these people as unclean gentiles? Are they “dogs” because they are wealthy? Was it because the Syrians and Phoenicians had historically not been Israel’s nicest neighbors? Is he lumping the mother and daughter in with other Tyrians who had recently oppressed the local Jewish population? Although Jesus’ motives are not clear, the thrust of his refusal is. And it is entirely out of character with our usual image of his being generously compassionate.
Somewhere along the line I’ve probably made the argument that Jesus’ initial denial was uttered with a playful gleam in his eye, that he’s giving the woman a chance to express the faith he knows dwells within her before he gladly heals her daughter. This would make the story unique within Mark, and make the woman the only person who has to endure a derogatory slur before receiving Jesus’ mercy. I don’t think I can support the idea that Jesus was making her pass a test before he ministered to her and her daughter.
I guess if you get really literal in his saying “Let the children be fed first,” Jesus is implying that the time is not right. Blessings may come to gentiles, in time, but for now his work is on behalf of Jews. His answer is not “Absolutely not,” rather “Not just yet.” It’s the strange lack of compassion or imagination on Jesus’ part that makes us resist such a reading. For some of us it is our reluctance to believe that a divine Jesus might be persuaded to change his mind.
But perhaps Jesus means what he says and has no intention of expelling a demon from the Syrophoenician girl. Given that interpretation it is all about this mother arguing with Jesus until she wins.
She doesn’t demand to be treated as one of the “children.” Look, Mister, I’m not asking for a seat at the table. My daughter is suffering. All I need from you is a crumb or two. I know that will do the job. But I’m going to need it right now. Parents of really sick children don’t respond well to told to wait.
The text says that Jesus expels the demon dia touton ton logon — “because of this reasoning” thatthe woman puts forward. It’s because of her logos, her statement that “even the dogs under the table eat the children’s crumbs.” Her argument. Her logic.
It’s not simply that she cleverly reconfigures Jesus’ metaphors of crumbs and canines to fit her desires. Her words contain tremendous theological insight. She recognizes the potency of this “food”. She recognizes — somehow — a certain abundance about what Jesus brings. Go ahead, children, eat all you want. But what if your table can’t contain all the food Jesus brings? The excess must therefore start spilling to the floor — even now.
In any case, on leaving Tyre, Jesus’ work is changed. He cures a man who cannot hear and can barely speak, then feeds 4,000 people. Those events occur in the Decapolis, a region of intentional refuge mainly populated by gentiles. Although Mark doesn’t call attention to the ethnic identity of these people, it seems Jesus has taken this Syrophoenician mother’s wisdom to heart. The timeline has been accelerated; gentiles receive blessings, too, even now. The woman’s persistence benefits more than just one little girl. Her persistence persuades Jesus to do new things in his ministry.
So thanks be to God for this tenacious Syrophoenician theologian and mother. But don’t lose track of the simplicity of it all. Her theology doesn’t originate in books and study; it’s an expression of painfully experienced need and fierce motherly love.
Jesus commends the woman’s logos (“reasoning”) and says nothing about pistis (“faith”) and that is strange indeed in light of other the many passages in Mark that connect faith to receiving blessings. For some interpreters, this makes the Syrophoenician mother mostly a model of determination or verbal dexterity rather than faith. I rather think she makes us rethink what “faith” means. Did you notice her persistent efforts, refusing to go away until she gets what she came for, her hopeful insight by refusing to believe even a tiny speck of grace isn’t out of reach and knowing just a scrap can make the difference for her, and — in the end — her trusting acceptance, her willingness to take Jesus at his word and journey home alone to confirm her daughter’s healing.
Faith is hardly about getting Jesus’ name or titles right, its not about reciting the right creed or articulating proper doctrine. Faith is about clinging to Christ and expecting Christ to heal, to restore, to save. It’s about demanding Christ do what Christ says Christ comes to do. Let her faith compel all of us to recognize new implications in a truly abundant gospel. | 2019-04-26T11:57:12Z | https://spokanefriends.com/2013/05/14/lebanese-mother-takes-jesus-to-task/ |
In this episode we sit down with CEO Haize and Johnnie from The B.R.E.A.K.S and The Awakened Soul Podcasts, to ask the very important Question "Who Killed Hip Hop?". you wont want to miss this episode. __________________________________ Guest social media Links: @oversatpodcast @TheBREAKSRadio @AwakenedSoulPod @CEOHaize @Jon__B @TheMindofRalph __________________________________ Follow us on social media: Twitter and … Continue reading Who Killed Hip Hop? | 2019-04-21T04:57:47Z | https://buffetboyspodcast.wordpress.com/author/vic2354/ |
In New Germantown, PA outdoor hot tubs mostly are determined by the space, location & the bargaining power of the buyer our Outdoor Hot Tub Guys can help you on choosing from a variety of outdoor hot tubs that we have. We will guide you through the whole process of installation of the outdoor hot tubs.
The installation process by Outdoor Hot Tub Guys in New Germantown, PA offers skilled and qualified personnel will guide you through the whole installation process There are few steps to follow during installation; Check to see if you need a building permit. Many cities will require building permits for installing hot tubs outdoors. Check with New Germantown, PA yours to see if you need to as well.
Most modern tubs in New Germantown, PA are self-contained, meaning you won't have to run any plumbing in order to get the tub up and running. But electrical wiring is another matter. Cities usually have codes for using certain types of conduits, so make sure you talk with your local building department. When you have, decide if you'd like the conduit to run under or above ground.
The voltage of a hot tub is higher than regular home outlets, so you will need to install a breaker to your electrical control box. If you are not familiar with electrical systems, it is best to hire an electrician to assist you in this aspect of installation. Outdoor Hot Tub Guys has all these facilities in New Germantown, PA and we are always available to do the installation.
An unfilled hot tub can weigh upwards of 800 pounds, so it's important to know how you will get it from the delivery van to your backyard. Make sure that the width of the tub will pass through any gates, foliage, or structures with enough leeway.at Outdoor Hot Tub Guys in New Germantown, PA we always make sure we offer delivery services for our customers so as to make sure everything gets home safely.
Contact Outdoor Hot Tub Guys in New Germantown, PA for more information. | 2019-04-25T23:42:31Z | http://www.outdoorhottubguys.com/pa/outdoor-hot-tub-in-new-germantown/ |
crockpot | live. laugh. love. | 2019-04-24T17:05:23Z | https://3babydux.wordpress.com/tag/crockpot/ |
Yes, George, I realized afterwards, that I should have mentioned how Nurmi handled Amanda Webb. My understanding is that a new Walmart Super-store was built very near the store where Jodi Arias bought the gas can. The old, smaller store then became entirely a Walmart auto service center. Correct me if I’m wrong.
The new store took the number of the old store and the old store got a NEW store number. So, even though records are automated and stored in data bases, it’s true that you only find what you’re looking for, and if you didn’t look in all the correct places, you will not find what you are looking for.
I am told that Amanda Webb DID find the record of the SALE. There was a record of a RETURN a week later and I do suppose that gas cans are probably returned very rarely. This COULD mean the return was inputted wrong or not at all, and a week later they fixed the mistake.
Rob, Yes, that return a week late just might have something to do with it. I agree it is probably not very common for a gas can to be returned. Perhaps it was put to one side for some reason and entered later. | 2019-04-22T14:58:31Z | https://spotlightonlaw.wordpress.com/2014/12/21/horn-corn-and-a-truckload-of-porn/ |
Finally, the Senate President, Dr. Bukola Saraki, has declared his intention to run for the presidency.
Saraki made the declaration on Thursday at a Not Too Young To Run Conference in Abuja and in the presence of the PDP National Chairman, Prince Uche Secondus.
Saraki will battle the Governor of Sokoto Aminu Tambuwal, Rabiu Kwankwaso, Atiku Abubakar for the People’s Democratic Party’s ticket.
His intention to contest, he said was in response to the call by the teeming youth who have asked him to run for President.
“Accordingly, I hereby announce my intention to run for the office of President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria in the coming General Elections in 2019 on the platform of the People’s Democratic Party (PDP). I do so with the firm conviction that I have what it takes to secure inclusive growth for Nigeria and Nigerians. | 2019-04-25T22:12:08Z | https://www.e247mag.com/2019-saraki-declares-for-presidency/ |
The Democratic Alliance has been in the spotlight after the party's apparent mistaken vote for the Employment Equity Act Amendment Bill, with analysts saying the official opposition is at an ideological crossroads.
We're talking to DA parliamentary leader and head of the opposition in Parliament Lindiwe Mazibuko about the issues facing the party, along with political analyst and PowerFM talk show host Eusebius McKaiser.
Send us your questions here for the DA and join us on Friday.
The Bill, with its race-based elements, flies in the face of the DA's traditional opposition to racialised policy or legislation and angered its liberal members. On Friday, Helen Zille said the DA's vote was a mistake, due to a series of administrative errors, time constraints and misinformation, but the MP responsible for the vote said he stood by his decision.
Read more about the saga here.
Will the DA recover from this incident in time for next year's elections, and what does it reveal about the internal state of the party?
Join us live at 12.30am on Friday October 15, where the Mail & Guardian's Verashni Pillay will put your questions to Mazibuko and discuss other issues facing the party.
Post your questions in the comment section below, or on Twitter using the tag #MGhangout. You can also tell us what you think on Facebook, as well as Google Plus.
You can also join us via video to ask your questions using Google hangouts. Get in touch via email if you're interested. | 2019-04-22T06:11:33Z | https://mg.co.za/article/2013-11-13-mg-hangouts-ask-lindiwe-mazibuko-your-questions |
Many evangelical Christians were stunned last week when the national news media carried the story of leading evangelicals signing "The Evangelical Climate Initiative." This document, subtitled "Climate Change: An Evangelical Call to Action" spoke of global warming as a reality and called for urgent action to safeguard the environmental issue of climate change.
The public reaction to this document was narrowly based on looking at this issue from the typical Left-Right political lens. In fact, the document was issued with a strong dialectic of opposing voices within evangelicalism.
BUT, it is a mistake to look at this global warming document solely in terms of the POLITICAL dominionism sect of evangelicalism. The greening of evangelicalism has been coming into evangelism via both the mission sect and the prayer warfare sect of dominionism! The call for environmental stewardship within evangelicalism is inextricably tied to the dominionist doctrines that are emerging from these two sects. To understand the background on this point, please read the article posted at Discernment Ministries' website [ http://www.discernment-ministries.org ] entitled "Dominionism and the Rise of Christian Imperialism."
The original Lausanne Congress on World Evangelism held in 1974 included a paragraph 9 in the Covenant that said, "All of us are shocked by the poverty of millions and disturbed by the injustices which cause it. Those of us who live in affluent circumstances accept our duty to develop a simply life-style in order to contribute more generously to both relief and evangelism."
A subsequent document prepared a few years later, entitled "An Evangelical Commitment to Simple Life-style: Exposition and Commentary by Alan Nichols," reflected the views of an International Consultation on Simple Life-style held at Hoddesdon, England in 1980. Instigated by Ron Sider, this document called for a radical restructuring of wealth, both personally and corporately at a global level, including a call for evangelicals to embrace a lifestyle of voluntary poverty.
This document did not have much impact on evangelicalism at large at the time. This is because of the widespread influence of the 1980s decade of evangelical media glitz, glitter and glamour. The "name it and claim it" faith teachers such as Bakkers, Copeland, Hagin and other TV evangelists lived a rich and luxurious lifestyle and promised incredible wealth to every believer who followed their heretical teachings.
But this Lausanne-spawned document did have an impact on the mission movement, and this was reflected in the next 25 years in subsequent global mission statements. The Green ethic was taught at Bible schools and seminaries and began to quietly influence a new generation of evangelical mission leaders. By the late 1980s the drum began to beat loudly for a fulfillment of the Great Commission by the year 2000. Within the "Global Evangelization Movement" there was a renewed call for evangelical Christians to embrace a lifestyle of sacrificial sustainability in order to give all of their monies to the burgeoning mega-mission cause. The "Kaleidoscopic Global Action Plan" issued by prominent mission leaders in 1990 indicated that most of this money was going to go into building a high-tech computer database of networked international mission groups. It would further the dominionism agenda.
The newfound environmental concerns can best be understood by examining the new doctrines that have been issuing out of the Prayer Warfare sect of dominionism for the past several decades. The architects of this movement, have been teaching a radical form of dominionism which is cloaked in the language of "stewardship" of the Earth. This has been done by linking the Great Commission Matthew 28 "mandate" to "make" disciples of "all nations" to the Genesis 1 "mandate" to have "dominionism" (stewardship) over the Earth.
The prayer warfare sect has gradually been incorporating pagan doctrines into Christianity, which include variant forms of GEOMANCY (literally "divination of the Earth"). They have been teaching that there is a spiritual significance to the land -- the actual earth on which we live --and that certain geographical areas have "powers" that are good (such as open "portals" to heaven) or bad (such as those that need "cleansing" from demonic strongholds). These heresies emphasize spiritual warfare ACTIVITIES that either 1) invoke more power from God over parts of the earth, or 2) cleanse the earth from powers of Satan. These doctrines are based on the erroneous premise that Satan was not defeated at the Cross and therefore the Church (as an "incarnation" of Christ) must defeat him by engaging in these "cleansing" of the land activities.
George Otis, Jr. of the "Transformation" video series (see yesterday's post), has been articulating this view of the sacredness of the land since his earliest writings. He is an influential leader who spans both the prayer warfare and mission dominionist movements. His concept of spiritual mapping is a combination of 1) "mapping" the geological locations of supposed spiritual strongholds of the devil for the purpose of engaging in warfare against him and 2) computer databanking of information of people groups in this geological location for the purpose of conducting "evangelization." Otis' book The Last of the Giants: Lifting the Veil on Islam and the End Times (Chosen Books, 1991), includes a chapter on "The Earth Is the Lord's" based on Psalm 24:1 "The earth is the Lord's, and all it contains, the world, and those who dwell in it (NASB)."
Otis' warfare and mission dominionism is also reflected in this comment from page 228 of this book: "If Christians -- especially in the West -- are truly serious about fulfilling the Great Commission and bringing back the King, then a major redeployment of personnel and finances is in order." [emphasis added] In other words, it is up to human effort to create an environment on earth for Jesus to return. This environment to the dominionists is both spiritual and physical. They believe they must set up His kingdom for Him, and they must "incarnate" Christ by their activities.
"The Evangelical Climate Change" document is simply the most current manifestation of the confluence of these doctrines. While most view it as a political statement (and indeed it is!), it is also a religious statement that indicates that there is now a MOVEMENT to "advance" the "kingdom" of God on Earth. Because many of these evangelical leaders teach this pagan concept of "sacred space" (a variant of "geomancy"), they believe that the EARTH itself is sacred. This is not unlike the teachings of the New Agers; e.g. James Lovelock and his "Gaia hypothesis." They must prepare this Earth to be sacred for the arrival of the "King," and this "stewardship" includes working to return it to a Genesis 1 pre-Fall condition. Nowhere is this doctrine more evident than in the recent "Transformation" videos by George Otis, Jr.
It is good to be reminded of the absolute sovereignty of God. | 2019-04-25T14:35:30Z | http://herescope.blogspot.com/2006/02/christian-imperialism-update-9-green.html |
The Hill Church is led by Pastor Jimmy Steel. This church merged with another fading congregation to enhance their outreach in the greater San Diego region. This church launched is 2018 and is continue to grow both in numbers in spiritual depth. | 2019-04-19T16:39:50Z | https://www.thepillarnetwork.com/region-blog/2019/1/25/the-hill-church |
In casual Camouflage pants Skillful military trend and urban chic shake hands. With the patterned pants you can make simple outfits in a jiffy more interesting and ensure a successful eye-catcher.
The origin of today’s trendy camouflage pattern goes back to the First World War. At that time the soldiers wore the brown and green shades to camouflage. Today, however, the pattern has long arrived in the fashion world. The eye-catching trousers are especially a great trend for leisure.
Camouflage pants are available in numerous fits and lengths. For all, the right combination is the be-all and end-all. So the look looks more harmonious if you pick up one of the trouser colors – often beige, brown and green – in the rest of the garments. For the trendy allover military look you can Camouflage pants to wear Desert Boots and Parka. Discreet is the combination with a sporty Serafino shirt and casual sneakers. Skinny jeans or even leggings with camouflage pattern are the perfect combo partners for colorful city looks. They fit perfectly with plateau sneakers, hoodie and trucker cap, for example. | 2019-04-25T20:42:51Z | http://www.choosmeinstyle.com/camouflage-pants-combine-pants-with-camouflage-pattern-correctly/ |
Have you ever spotted beautiful place mats in the store and wished you had a reason to buy them. Grab those place mats because they make beautiful throw pillows that take minutes to make! These are seriously the easiest pillows you can possibly make.
I have had these place mats in our cupboards for about 5 years. I got them because I thought they where pretty, but we honestly never once used them. With a two and four year old in the house, if I did put them on the table, I found myself picking them up off the floor thirty times a day. They are just to pretty to actually use at dinner time. The don’t deserve to be covered in tomato soup. I was cleaning out my cabinets this week and decide it was time to make these into something that we could use – throw pillows!
This is so simple you have to try this. Make sure you are using place mats that are double sided. Mine are reversible and have two different patterns. This will not work if the place mats aren’t double sided. Here is how to turn that place mat into a pillow.
Take a seam ripper and open the seam of the place mat on one side about 4 inches (big enough for you to put the stuffing in). My mats had a tag on them so I pulled the seam apart where the tag was sewed in to get rid of it.
Use your fiberfill to stuff the pillows to you liking. I had one large bag that I was able to fill all four pillows with and still have some left. Now, all you need to do is close the seam back up and you are all done. These take about 5 minutes to make from start to finish if you are using a sewing machine. So fast and so simple. You could totally do this by hand if you don’t have a sewing machine too.
Push all of your stuffing to one side of the pillow – this makes it much easier to pin the hem back together in a nice straight line.
Now just sew the opening that you made back together. Use the same color thread that your place mat already has so that it blends right in. You can literally just follow the stitch that is already on the place mat. Make sure you back stitch to secure, and remove your pins. Done! Now fluff your pillow so the stuffing is evened out and put your beautiful new 5 minute throw pillows out to enjoy.
I absolutely adore the off white side of these. It has a little lace trim that is so simple and pretty. These are a great size for the couch, a bench, the bed, a chair, or a bed as decorative pillows.
If you have a hard time finding throw pillows that match your decor and that you really love – check the dinning section for place mats next time you are shopping. I promise this is as easy as it looks. | 2019-04-21T19:00:19Z | http://aspottedpony.com/diy/how-to-make-the-easiest-throw-pillows-repurpose-placemats-into-pillows/1432/ |
I am Abdul, Certified CSP, working as an Scrum master in Dubai – UAE region for well-known origination.
After 6 years agile learning, i have decided to jump for next milestone CTC.
I have read about your program and wanted to know bit more to get the idea how much will it cost me and how the mentoring process can work for me. | 2019-04-26T01:42:24Z | https://trustartist.com/project/temenos/ |
On this lens I am going to show you the way we made our own home made recirculating bathing system for my home primarily based grooming enterprise. If there is a rubbish disposal put in, it won’t be possible to feed the snake by means of the sink drain. At this time, forged iron pipe is not used for residential plumbing because of its faults. Now that you understand what’s a plumbing snake let me brief you in short when you should use one.
Begin off at sluggish pace pushing the snake into the PVC once you have reached the end of the pipe pull the snake again out. We now have discovered from Toolgirls husband, we name him Toolboy and we will additionally answer any questions you could have about how sure instruments work.
From my expertise it’s value spending a bit of further to get quality faucets and faucets as they are probably the most used plumbing fixture in the home and tend to have the very best failure price. When the bottom wire is connected to a pipe, electrical energy travels by the plumbing on its technique to being grounded.
Most of us have a really basic understanding of plumbing from the time we’re old enough to turn on a faucet and flush a bathroom. There will likely be written and performance primarily based assessments on primary tools, plumbing materials, plumbing math, security, hand instruments, and power instruments.
Many of these low cost plumbing programs will teach you subsequent to nothing concerning the necessities of a plumber and the course has no recognized qualification at the finish of it. If you have a flat roof, you will more than likely need to get up there to verify your plumbing vents watch out (or actually have a skilled do it for you!). | 2019-04-23T16:07:05Z | http://www.hailhomerepair.com/ask-rainforest-plumbing-air.html |
your home or commercial building!
Enjoy Great benefits of Metal Roofing Plus Save $300!
When making home improvements, your new roof ensures the renovations inside last a long time. A metal roof from Mark J Fisher Roofing makes great sense for several reasons. | 2019-04-22T01:01:13Z | https://fisherroofing.biz/metal-roofing/ |
The Dream PC Cheap PC for playing Rocket League is a great starter PC to get into Rocket League.
We designed the PC to be able to play Rocket League with your friends and enjoy this great and addictive esports game.
Get in game and shoot some awesome goals!
Featuring AMD Radeon RX Vega 8 Graphics, the game plays well on medium settings, 1080p resolution.
AMD have created a great processor that is very low power, cheap and surprisingly powerful with quad-cores, 3.5Ghz.
Check out this video example of how it plays on a PC similar to this one. The graphics here are set to high in 720p and we’re seeing 70FPS. We could drop the graphics level down and play just as well on 1080p resolution. See for yourself. | 2019-04-25T14:03:20Z | https://dreampc.com.au/product/cheap-pc-for-playing-rocket-league/ |
Viking Mouldings were established in 1970, it was set up by three ex-employees of Seamaster. They started manufacturing small river and speed boats from a farm building in North End.
Viking moved premises to the Seamaster site after it closed in 1979.
In 1981 Viking bought the Seamaster company and are still trading on that site, they have used several of the hulls to increase their range, and have purchased various of moulds and designed and produced new ones..
They continue to manufacture new boats today, and are best known for their narrow beam design which is sutiable for both the canals and rivers. | 2019-04-23T02:49:57Z | http://www.crosshallmarine.com/boat-manufacturers/viking-boats.html |
If you have had a premature baby in the past, you are more likely to have a premature delivery in future pregnancies.
One of the main risk factors for premature delivery is previous premature delivery. The more premature deliveries you have had, and the earlier your babies were born, the higher the risk of premature delivery in a future pregnancy.
physical injury or trauma (for example, because of domestic violence or if you were in a car crash). | 2019-04-24T03:28:49Z | https://www.tommys.org/pregnancy-information/pregnancy-complications/premature-birth/causes-premature-birth/your-pregnancy-history-and-premature-birth |
"book and shelf" is a new project that literally combines books, selected and coordinated by book curator Haba Yoshitaka's firm Bach, with a shelf created especially for them by nendo. "book and shelf" presents these two as a set, making it easy for users to acquire their own "book collection", and proposing a new model for product sales.For the production system, Haba chooses a layout for the books within the 36-cm-square dimensions of the shelving unit, then we cut, assemble and glue the layers based on these specifications. This allows us to work in a small production run, which preserves the coordinator's freedom to choose different arrangements for different sets of books, and gives the user the feeling of owning an order-made product that works only with the books it contains. When you pull out the metal plate with the brand name, a small pamphlet with information about the books in the shelf appears along with it. | 2019-04-18T22:42:03Z | https://www.onthebookshelf.co.uk/2008/01/book.html |
does anyone konw of any bikram yoga place in nice or antibes?
Unfortunately the closest bikram studio is in Marseille. I do so crave the hot yoga!kind regards. | 2019-04-25T08:35:52Z | https://smartexpat.com/france/provence-alpes-cote-d-azur/forum/health-fitness-beauty/bikram-yoga-2471 |
Adding stock TJ fog lights to a 2010 JK Jeep Wrangler.
I aquired these old Jeep TJ fog lights. No wiring or mounting brackets were included. First thing I did was picked up this Winjet universal fog light wiring harness from Amazon for $12.
Then I needed the brackets to mount to my bumper. After some research I found that Hella 500 Brackets would bolt up with some modifying to the lights.
I did have to modify the mounting point on the light base. There was a bit too much plastic at the bottom where the brackets meet up. This made the bolt and the holes not line up.
I also made them a bit narrower at the bottom. As you can see, the brackets were spread out a bit too much as well. I hammered them in a bit and got a good fit.
Next was to find the right spot to mount them. I wanted them as wide as I could get them without covering the turn signals. Then it was just drill the holes and mount them.
I found this video helpful to understand what I needed to do for wiring up the lights and switch.
After I ran the wires and put the fuse back in, IT WORKED!
I decided to wire them in hot so I didn't need the key to turn them on. They work great. If I had all the tools this would have only cost $14. Not too bad. | 2019-04-19T09:19:54Z | https://www.andyfriedl.com/2016/10/adding-stock-tj-fog-lights-to-2010-jk.html |
Do what he asks you to do, without question – If a man asks you for a favor, and you question him and say “why”…he will instantly feel like you just don’t want to do it. If you have to ask him why, it sounds like you need him to CONVINCE you to do it.If he has to convince you to do things, do you really understand him?#2. Maintain yourself – Men are visual, which means if you let yourself go, he will lose interest. He doesn’t want to commit to a woman who is only going to get worse. Maintain yourself physically and health wise, to prove you are willing to be the best you can be for him.
#3. Trust him – Don’t be scared that he’s going to run off with some other woman, or that he’s lying to you about everything.
#5. Be there for him, even if he says nothing about the problem – Show you are supportive of him, by BEING there; WITHOUT questioning him on the problem.
#6. Be financially dependent – It can help a man to know that you aren’t going to take every last penny he has.Some men fear marriage, because they are afraid of losing all of their money (in a divorce, or even just because of a wife’s spending).
#8. Learn his insecurities – It’s not something people walk around talking about, but sometimes a man hints that he is insecure about something, so that you can avoid the topic or avoid hurting him in the future.
#10. Accept responsibility in a fight – Every relationship has its moments where they are disagreements and fights.The difference between a healthy relationship that encourages a man to marry you, and an unhealthy marriage that pushes a man away is this: blame or responsibility.
#11. Learn to take a joke…even if its personal #12. Learn to take criticism – Men criticize to see improvement, and they do it in order to try to help you see things in a different light.They also criticize to try and show you a solution or a better way to do something, if they see you are struggling. This is why you should learn how to take criticism, because if you freak out every time he criticizes you, you tell him that you won’t be able to improve in the future.
#26. Ask when you don’t know – If you’re afraid to ask him something, how will he ever feel like he can truly communicate to you? Not only this, but if you never ask him the things you are curious about, you’ll often end up looking for answers on your own, which leads to assumptions.
#34. Prove you are committed – Stay with him mentally, physically, and intimately no matter what.
He wants to be able to talk to you about anything that’s on his mind.
He wants someone who can challenge him in all kinds of ways, such as challenging him to change or be better, challenging him to keep your interest etc… This keeps him glued to you, instead of having him interested in other women.
As the saying goes “laughter is the best medicine” and it most definitely is an attractive trait for a “wife”.
#48. Place importance above your-self where necessary – Relationships are about TWO people, not one…which is why it can’t always be about you. | 2019-04-23T23:02:16Z | https://wtlcfm.com/1946058/50-things-that-make-a-man-want-to-marry-you-the-ultimate-guide-to-understanding-a-mans-commitment/ |
Tver State Circus - a great concert hall in the city of Tver, which are like a circus and other entertainment shows. The Circus is located in the central square of the city and enjoys great popularity.
The modern building of the Tver State Circus was built back in 1971 by the architect A. Segal. The main hall of the circus came out very spacious - the height of the dome is eighteen meters and an auditorium to intervene more than 1,700 people. Circus is equipped with the most modern sound and lighting equipment, can host concerts of the highest class. Along with the circus troupe, the circus sometimes act stars of Russian pop music ensembles and other artists.
In general, the Tver State Circus - a great entertainment and a center of cultural life of Tver. | 2019-04-25T14:32:41Z | http://en.centraltver.ru/guests/sights-places/14-tver-state-circus |
High South performed last week at The River Club Music Hall in Scituate. They played mix of original music and covers of some great bands who they credit with being strong influences on their music. These included The Eagles, Crosby Stills, Nash and Young and America. The Nashville band has been touring internationally and in the US for the past year with this being their first stop in Massachusetts. The evening featured an all acoustic performance with Phoenix Mendoza on lead guitar, Jamey Garner on Harmonica, guitar and some small percussion elements and Kevin Campos on rhythm guitar. The three members shared lead vocals with some incredible harmonies reminiscent of the Eagles and their other musical influences.
High South played 2 hour+ sets, each containing original songs and great covers of classics. Among the covers were Aime by Pure Prairie League, Dancing in the Moonlight by Van Morrison, America’s Ventura Highway and Take it Easy by the Eagles.
The band of singer-songwriters shared how their trip to Joshua Tree had influenced their music, including the song Joshua Tree. At one point the band unplugged and went out into the audience for an entire song, interacting with the crowd in this intimate sized venue. Campos commented on how the venue had allowed them to be closer to the audience and interact more than usual, something that all three of the band members seemed to enjoy.
Garners harmonica playing was pretty incredible, even simulating the whistle of a train in a song inspired by trains passing through town during summer nights of his youth. Mendoza covered classic keyboard riffs on the acoustic guitar in a way I had never heard before, staying true to the iconic solos.
Checkout the band’s website to give them a listen and see where they are headed next. | 2019-04-20T04:37:25Z | http://newenglandmusicnews.com/portfolio-view/high-south-at-the-river-club-music-hall-scituate-ma/ |
By nature, loans can cause you to pay a significant amount of money in interest. However, there may be a way for you to decrease the total amount of interest you will pay on your loan and pay off your loan faster with small additional monthly payments toward your debt. Use this calculator to see how extra payments will affect your loan. | 2019-04-24T14:02:22Z | https://www.robinsfcu.org/Money-Smart/Calculators/Personal-Extra-Payment |
Blog - Save your skin: drink more coffee!
Save your skin: drink more coffee!
Now you have an even more important reason to enjoy your daily coffee. New research suggests that coffee offers powerful protection against malignant melanoma, the most dangerous type of skin cancer and the leading cause of death from skin disease. The findings could be especially good news for endurance athletes, who are more vulnerable to skin damage due to their increased exposure to sunlight.
According to an article published in the JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, researcher Erikka Loftfield, MPH, and her colleagues analyzed the coffee intake of more than 447,000 participants in the National Institutes of Health-AARP prospective study. The researchers followed up with the study subjects for an average of 10.5 years. After adjusting for a variety of factors that could influence the development of melanoma, the researchers noted a decreased risk of malignant melanoma for coffee drinkers compared to non-coffee drinkers.
A 10% lower risk of developing malignant melanoma was found for those who drank one to three cups of coffee a day. Subjects drinking four or more cups were found to have a 20% decreased risk. The protective effect of coffee was found in caffeinated coffee but not decaffeinated coffee. This may be due to chance, the researchers suggest, but it could also be due to the caffeine content and/or other compounds (polyphenols, dipertenes, chlorogenic acids) that may be found in higher quantities in caffeinated coffee.
Dozens of studies support the link between coffee consumption and good health. So you have every reason to drink up! Coffee is more than a comforting way to start your day - it's a tasty herbal beverage with an array of health benefits such as reduced risk of type 2 diabetes; reduced risk of cancer, including prostate, breast, colorectal, and liver cancers; decreased risk of cardiovascular disease; and powerful protection against liver disease.
Perhaps most significant, one 13-year study of more than 400,000 men and women found an association between coffee consumption and reduced risk of death from a variety of causes, including death from injuries, infections, stroke, and heart disease!
For your daily shot of good health, it simply makes sense to choose delicious 53x11 Coffee. 53x11 Coffee is Fair Trade Certified, 100% organic, and micro-roasted daily to our exact specifications. Available ground or as whole beans, 53x11 is delivered fresh to your door within a week of two of roasting. That freshness is your guarantee of maximum flavor and maximum health benefits.
53x11 is available in four savory varieties - the Big Ring (full-bodied Sumatra varietal), the Early Break (a bright blend perfect for that first morning cup), the Chain Breaker (a darker, more full-bodied roast, ideal for espresso or drip), and the Down Shift (a smooth, water-processed decaf so good you won't know it's decaf!). | 2019-04-21T09:36:13Z | https://www.hammernutrition.com/blog/save-your-skin-drink-more-coffee/ |
Can trapping make you a better hunter?
I don’t remember much about being 14 years old, but some things are burned in my memory. That was the year I became a trapper. I don’t remember much about school that year, but I remember my first muskrat. I also remember my first mink, fox and raccoon. I could take you to the exact spot where I caught each of them despite the fact that it happened more than 40 years ago. I can remember the smell of the river, the feeling of lugging a raccoon home in my packbasket, the sight of glowing eyes in my headlight while the other school kids wouldn’t roll out of bed for two more hours.
I’ve been able to pass along the skills of trapping to my children and I believe it makes them better observers and caretakers of the world around them.
Being able to bowhunt across North America has been a blessing in my life and I really believe I am more successful because of my background in trapping.
These three great bowhunters believe their background in fur trapping have helped them excel in the sport of hunting.
Tom Miranda has travelled the world bowhunting and recording it on for TV. He was the first bowhunter to bag all 29 species of big game animals with a bow and videotape each hunt. | 2019-04-20T12:48:03Z | https://www.bucksbullsbears.com/2017/01/24/can-trapping-make-you-a-better-hunter/ |
A beast right out of the Left 4 Dead 2 Shananigans videos steps up to bring a whole lot of destruction to this cardboard Tokyo skyscraper! Run! Run for your lives!
TOKYO GAME SHOW 2014 Broadmedia / G-cluster Global ブロードメディア / ジークラスタ.
High Grade (HG) G-Self Assault Pack at the 2014 Gunpla Expo in Tokyo Japan.
The HG G-Self Assault Pack from Gundam Reconguista in G, on display at the 2014 Gunpla Expo in the Akihabara UDX, Tokyo.
VIDEO G 140502 GIMPO TO TOKYO @ABOY_08181104.
2014.04/05 Gentaiken-Labo @ ageHa / Tokyo Dancer : RumiEva VJ : Spike Bloom Movie : Mami-ta.
Tema no muy conocido pero bastante viejo de uno de sus primeros albunes.
ReaL G - a night at tokyo (albumilta tohtori & ystävät present's a night at tokyo soundtrack joka julkaistaan 24.12.2014) 187FM-RECORDZ.
The music and the images were extracted from my lp.
The show of the Illuminations in Tokyo Midtown, Roppongi. | 2019-04-24T09:55:41Z | http://www.realtokyo24.com/tag/g-tokyo-2014.htm |
AppFactory Expert 22 is a 220gsm 2-side matt aqueous coated polypropylene film, optimised for dry toner print applications.
- Ideal for restaurant menus, folded maps, book covers, drink cards - no lamination required!
- Can also be used to create menues, tags, shel strips & documents for use in harsh environments and replaces the need for paper to be printed and then encapsulated. | 2019-04-24T12:40:35Z | https://www.appfactorydigital.com/expert-22.html |
Learn how to frame images within backgrounds and track andattract wildlife-while not endangering the species. Compare theadvantages of working with conventional and digital cameras, thenfollow the advice of an experienced pro on choosing from the hugevariety of lenses available. Bonus: Moose Peterson's entertainingand instructional stories about some of his favoritephotographs.
If you require further information about"Moose Peterson's Guide To Wildlife Photography - Conventional And Digital Techniques" please contact us. | 2019-04-18T12:52:57Z | http://www.mackay.co.uk/moose-petersons-guide-to-wildlife-photography-conventional-and-digital-techniques-books-dvds-stationery.html |
Over the last couple of days there was a surge of stories related to the recent drive-by-download malware attacks against Macs and PCs. The attacks are nothing more but social engineering attempts which try to trick the victim into installing the malicious program on the victims' machines. This approach is very simple but, as you can see, quite effective. In this post I would like to draw your attention on a variation of these types of attacks which work for Windows environments with Microsoft Media Player 9 or earlier and .NET 2 or later installed.
Do you remember back in the days when attackers were spreading malware as part of fake Windows IE patches attached to simple emails? These attacks were very successful and they have evolved since then. Today, you are more likely to see them as part of sites which offer you free games, free software, or ask you to upgrade to the latest version of a particular product. Sometimes, they ask you to enhance your default video player with some additional plugins, as it is the case with the recent Mac attacks. If you don't do that, then you cannot see the video. It is a simple as that.
ClickOnce is a Microsoft technology for deploying Windows Forms or Windows Presentation Foundation-based software, also called Smart clients. ClickOnce is only available in .NET 2.0 and later. A less advanced technique can be obtained with the Microsoft Updater Application Block. It is similar to Java Web Start for the Java Platform.
I guess most of you already know where I am going with this post. I mentioned before that the ASX file format allows you to embed HTML pages within the video. These pages are known as HTMLView. When the victim opens the ASX file, Microsoft Windows Media Player will download the HTMLView page and load it within the player's chrome. At that point the victim will be presented with a screen which informs that there was a problem with previewing the video and they must allow Media Player to go and look for the plugin that is required. When the victim approves the action, a Microsoft ClickOnce application is launched. Due to the fact that these applications have very Microsoft-ish installation window and require only one action to get installed, the victim will be tricked into allowing the setup to continue. After all, Windows does prompt you very often when you want to install unsigned drivers or simply allow application to get off your personal Firewall. So, users are used to these kind of messages.
Once the application is installed the attacker will have the desired access on that system. There are some additional steps that needs to be performed in order to make the attack as smooth as possible but I will keep these private for now. Nevertheless, you should be able to get the point. Check out the POC which provides you with a very basic idea of how the attack works. The POC is very rough, I must say, but it is enough to illustrate the problem in its most basic form.
This type of attacks are by far the simplest. They simply do not require any sort of technical expertise. Nevertheless, you should not take them lightly. Simple things like this do work and it is part of GNUCITIZEN ideology to start open discussion on their potential impact. Just keep them in mind next time.
The POC points to a nonexistent file, but I understand what you're going for. I always enjoy the way people seem to figure out how to integrate these types of issues to totally mislead others into accepting potentially harmful files.
Could you get a list of systems/trails/paths that are effected or changed.To my honest opinion the least knowledgeable should get free help and improvement suggestions respectable.Let's not forget not all of 50%er's brainpower got that HIGH!My alzheimers has me forgetting much and not knowing what I learned at early stages let just call it a curse and the tragedy of it is you know its coming.Does it speed up or all at once.Wow I wondered off again. hee! hee! I removed my WMplayer classic and the yoshidi codecs.Restored back to "WmPlayer.10"
Thanks PDP for this article. My system can be exploited if I use WM player to open the poc.asx file. What if I use Winamp or some other media palyer to open this file? does it have same amount of risk.
swarup, if you are using a different player then you might be protected but don't take my words for granted since I haven't investigated that yet. Though, the feature that I used in this post is mostly Windows Media Player related. | 2019-04-26T14:48:36Z | https://www.gnucitizen.org/blog/asx-plus-clickonce-dangerous-combination/ |
Skiers and snowboarders from all over the country gathered in Jammu and Kashmir's popular skiing destination Gulmarg to participate in National Ski and Snowboarding Championship.
The championship, which includes more than 21 teams, began on Sunday after a gap of four years.
The week-long championship will include, snowboarding, snow skiing and snow cycling.
President of Winter Games Association of Jammu and Kashmir, Farooq Shah said this event will give fillip to winter sports in the state.
"The main objective of this championship is to promote Gulmarg city as an international skiing destination. It is now coming up as the most affordable skiing destination in the world. Our slope is at par with the European slopes and also about the snow conditions, our snow is considered the best in the world," Shah said.
Participants praised snow and slopes in Gulmarg and said it was perfect for beginners as well as for professionals.
"We have already participated in similar national championship in Shimla and Uttarakhand but if we have to compare the slopes, the slope in Gulmarg city is really good and it has a huge area. From beginners to professionals, this is a good place for training," said Nawaz, a participant from Kerala.
Local players said that such events help Gulmarg to get exposure and prove to be a boon for the tourism industry. Gulmarg this year has received more than six feet of snowfall enthralling winter sports enthusiasts as well as tourists. | 2019-04-21T14:41:59Z | https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/snowboarding-championship-begins-in-gulmarg/story-MR5dkDckabjePPKvEakqJN.html |
How does Johnnie feel about it?
I suggest we go over to Lawrence's and help him get ready for the party.
Julianto will never walk again.
They both turned and looked at Celeste.
Po wants to finish eating before he talks to anyone.
He was treated well but still was scared.
Gill never lived in Boston.
Anna couldn't handle the pain.
Ruth seems to be absorbed in thought.
Elwood sneaked back into the room.
I think Stefan is open-minded.
Gilles is very sleepy and can hardly keep his eyes open.
Tears rolled down her tender cheeks.
I thought Jun was nice.
I intend to write Joachim a letter.
Jinny was shot multiple times when he was trying to protect Devon.
Daniele doesn't come here that much.
Steven chased Felix all the way to the station.
Kristian doesn't need to wait.
Caroline hesitated for a while.
Jerald wondered who Shankar was planning to vote for.
Lea decided to help out.
I want you to talk to Leif about that.
Del never leaves her house without first putting on makeup.
How long have you known me, Justin?
Alan doesn't actually speak much French.
Hui might be able to make some suggestions.
Jianyun was desperate to defend his reputation.
Granville put one strawberry on each cupcake.
Mitch said that he wanted to be left alone.
Son is drinking apple juice.
I'm the reason Morton came to see you.
Kamiya didn't refer to the accident she had seen.
"You were thinking about Louiqa." "I was not! I was thinking about work."
I shouldn't have told Pravin to do that. | 2019-04-23T07:57:44Z | http://wikip.com/sotaychame.com/stcm360.html |
As Jan. 19 draws to a close, so does President Barack Obama's eight years in the White House—and to commemorate, staffers decided to share one more episode of "West Wing Week" to show exactly how the president spent his final days in office.
Unsurprisingly, the video is incredibly bittersweet, and shows President Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama thanking everyone they've worked with over the years, while still making time for a few new faces. From awarding Vice President Joe Biden the Presidential Medal of Freedom to surprising Press Secretary Josh Earnest in the middle of a news conference, the video is a rollercoaster of emotions guaranteed to hit you right in the feels. | 2019-04-22T01:29:37Z | https://www.elle.com/culture/career-politics/news/a42292/west-wing-week-final-days-president-barack-obama/ |
A complimentary breakfast is offered. For a surcharge, the property provides a round-trip airport shuttle (available on request) and a ferry terminal shuttle.
Within easy reach of Libaran Island Jetty, this Sandakan campsite is nestled on the beach. Area attractions also include Turtle Islands Park.
Guests of this beach campsite can enjoy a host of activities, including snorkelling, volleyball and kayaking.
The accommodation offers daily housekeeping and a shared bathroom.
This campsite offers 8 forms of accommodation. Guests have access to shared bathrooms. Bathrooms include a shower. Housekeeping is provided on a daily basis. | 2019-04-19T00:53:36Z | https://www.expedia.com.my/Sandakan-Hotels-Walai-Penyu-Resort-Campground.h15451801.Hotel-Information |
1. Bring 750ml of water to the boil in a saucepan and then add the vegetable stock. Keep warm on a low heat.
2. Add 1 tablespoon of oil to a heavy-based pan or frying pan and fry the onion and roasted garlic paste on a high heat until soft. Then add the spice blend and stir-fry for another minute. Add the rice and half of the butternut squash and fry for 4 minutes making sure all the grains are coated in the spice blend and translucent.
3. Add the wine (optional) to the rice mixture and cook until completely absorbed. Then start adding the warm stock (2 ladles at a time), stirring regularly and cooking until absorbed each time before adding more. This process should take approximately 15 minutes.
5. Meanwhile, in another pan or frying pan add 1 tbsp of oil and bring the pan to high heat. Fry the remaining butternut squash for approximately 5 minutes, until lightly coloured. Add the pine nuts and prosciutto strips (optional) and cook for a further 2 minutes.
6. Finish the risotto by stirring in the butter and half of the Parmesan. Serve on plates with the fried butternut squash, prosciutto, pine nuts and remaining Parmesan. | 2019-04-19T04:56:52Z | http://www.foodnetwork.co.uk/recipes/spiced-butternut-squash-risotto.html |
505-Junk is a full-service junk removal company that services both residential and commercial clients throughout Greater Vancouver. The company provides professionally trained labour to remove material, load the material into our company trucks, and haul it away for recycling. 505-Junk is the first waste removal company to install onboard weighing systems on company trucks and charge by weight. This method of payments allows realtors, property managers, developers, and contractors to not have to worry about being on site during pick ups as each invoice is accompanied by a copy of the total weight. 505-Junk specializes in recycling many different types of material (including drywall) and has diverted millions of pounds of waste to date from local landfills.
Earth Friendly Services Exceeding Industry Standards for Sustainable Waste Management Solutions.
West Coast Downsizing Solution, brings genuine help to seniors and their family with the difficult process of downsizing the home & transitioning seniors from their current home to their new residence. Our services includes, measuring up the new residence in order to ascertain what furniture can be taken to the new home. We provide New Home Set Up, where everything is unpacked and placed, the bed is set up & made up, the furniture is in place & the TV is tuned to the correct channels. We also make sure their computer is set up & the pictures are hung up on the wall. We sort and organize, pack & unpack all current home possessions that will be going to: new home; gifted to family & friends; donated to charity; sold through estate liquidation or online auction. We arrange for Art & Antique appraisers, movers, junk removal & final home clean up. Our team works with the client, family members as well as estate executors and other professionals such as: care givers, social workers, lawyers, real estate agents and financial advisers. Our services are offered throughout Metro Vancouver & the Fraser Valley.
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Brad's Junk Removal - Vancouver’s best junk removal service since 1988. We are the fastest way to clear your clutter. We also rent disposal bins, with drop off and pick up service - an efficient and cost effective option for do-it-yourselfers. If you have garbage or recycling that you need help with - from old furniture and appliances, to garden waste and renovation debris - we are your choice for rubbish removal in Vancouver and the Lower Mainland.
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Island Pro Bins provides roll-off dumpster rentals for remodeling, renovation, demolition and construction projects. Based out of North Saanich, BC we deliver and pick-up our roll-off bins through Greater Victoria and the Saanich Peninsula. We offer roll off dumpsters in 10 yard, 12 yard and 20 yard sizes. We can haul clean wood, construction debris (no drywall), green waste, yard waste, bricks, concrete, landscaping materials, sod, dirt, gravel and more.
We do all the little things that set our junk removal company in Delta, BC apart from our competitors, such as providing you with a comprehensive junk removal plan before we even take one item off your property. Moreover, we will explain everything to you before we begin. Our contractors follow all your suggestions for your junk removal project, but you can be sure we have the capability to work independently.
At RID-OF-IT Richmond, we’re devoted to offering local homeowners, office administrators, and property managers reliable junk removal services. Regardless of the size of your property or the volume of junk that you need to be removed, you’ll be able to depend on our Richmond junk removal crew for fast arrivals and quick work. Not only do we provide same-day rubbish removal services, but we also utilize some of the biggest trucks in the industry while charging for a full load what other Richmond, BC junk removal companies charge for a half load. This means you save both money and time when you work with our junk removal professionals.
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RID-OF-IT Vancouver® junk removal offers prompt and affordable junk disposal and waste recycling services. Our trash hauling and rubbish removal services are available in Metro Vancouver and surrounding areas. Do you have junk and need to “Get Rid-of-it” Your time is important, and it is our job to make rubbish removal easy for you. Our junk removal prices include loading the junk materials into our truck and providing a thorough clean up when we’re done. We also recycle or donate to charities whenever possible. With our suitable meeting times, you can plan your day accordingly. It’s that simple.
604-TRASH-IT is a professional junk removal and deconstruction company in Richmond, BC, whose mission is to help people sustainably remove, recycle, and repurpose unwanted materials to achieve its vision of communities without garbage. We offer excellent customer service, along with hassle-free junk removal service, competitive rates, and flexible appointment times to residents and businesses all around the Greater Vancouver Area. We also offer office recycling, regular scheduled pick-ups, and demolition services. Call us now for more information or to receive a free quote!
There are full-service junk removal companies in Victoria, BC that help with everything from clutter and hoarding cleanups to appliance recycling to donating unwanted items. Keep in mind that you may need professional help removing certain items from your home, particularly if they’re toxic or unstable. Here are some related professionals and vendors to complement the work of junk removal: Tree Services, Environmental Services & Restoration, General Contractors, Home Builders, Landscape Contractors.
Find rubbish removal professionals on Houzz. Narrow your search by city or zip code for a list of Victoria, BC rubbish removal services. Get contact information so you can ask about rates, and read customer reviews to find the best rubbish and trash removal service for your home improvement project. | 2019-04-19T14:56:14Z | https://www.houzz.com/professionals/rubbish-removal/c/Victoria--BC |
I don’t have a link yet, but people are talking about it already. He’s a fine choice. Great year. I probably undervalued the fact that he had more innings than Carpenter, so no arguments here.
Given that he has a court date on a controlled substance thing coming up soon, be prepared for the most boring celebration party of all time.
No respect for winning the games. LaRussa cost Wainwright at least 3 wins – Bad choice – especially since Lincicum decided to smoke a doobie!! Writers? Geez!!!!!!!!!!
It wasn’t a walkover for Lincecum, he got 11 first place votes, Chris Carpenter 9, and Adam Wainwright 12. Lincecum got a total of 100 points to CC’s 94, and AW’s 90.
Nice. Leave the best pitcher in the NL off of your ballots to insure the saber-metric favorite wins.
The BBWAA guys might not be the best at voting, but the saber friendly guys don’t have the right to accuse them of manipulating the vote anymore.
There’s justification for not including Carpenter. He wasn’t in my top-three, but then again, my opinions don’t particularly matter.
The reason he didn’t make my top-three: he made four less starts and pitched 30 fewer innings than Lincecum, and six less starts and 40 fewer innings than Adam Wainwright. Durability counts for something, and it certainly has an effect on a player’s value.
FWIW, according to FanGraphs, Lincecum was worth ~2.5 WAR more than both Carpenter and Wainwright.
Don’t forget about Javier Vazquez!
That’s interesting about Carroll, but he actually didn’t vote for Lincecum according to his article over at BP.
It seems like somebody who was rigging their vote to make sure Lincecum won would have voted for Lincecum. Carroll voted for Wainwright.
So how do you determine who is best pitcher without relying just a little on the stats?
@Ron – Aren’t stats used to reveal who the best players are? I kinda thought they went hand in hand. How else do you judge players? Clutchiness? Or some other Tim McCarver catch phrase?
I personally couldn’t make up my mind between TL, CC, or AW so what do I know?
You don’t actually have a clue. But keep on making judgements about me based on a comment/opinon I made. Of course, that allows me to judge you in return.
@Ron – what’s your rationale for concluding that Carpenter was the best pitcher in the NL this year?
Also, please address – if Will Carroll was part of a sabermetric conspiracy to make sure that Tim Lincecum won the Cy Young Award this year, shouldn’t he also have voted for Lincecum and not Wainwright?
I didn’t realize the enjoyment of watching a baseball game AND understanding the underlying metrics of performance were mutually exclusive.
You don’t actually have a clue.
But keep on making judgements about me based on a comment/opinon I made.
As Neyer has often written, that’s why we look at more than one statistic.
As for best 3rd baseman, that Michael Young is pretty gritty, no?
You are assuming alot of prescience on the part of the Law. Wainright was certainly a viable candidate. In fact, more people voted Wainright first, over Carpenter and Lincecum. If Law was trying to guarantee Lincecum a victory, he should have left both Wainright and Carpenter off the ballot. Law more than justified his vote in his blog. Just because you disagree with his rationale, doesn’t make it wrong, or provide evidence of some sort of conspiracy of one.
A voter could justify leaving Carpenter off the list pretty easily to me: he didn’t pitch 200 innings. 30 more innings of very slightly-worse ball is a pretty big deal. Someone has to pitch those innings. Would you rather have Tim Lincecum doing it or the Cardinals’ middle relievers?
Oh, Ron, this makes me sad.
Of COURSE best stats = best pitcher. That’s different from saying best arbitrarily selected single stat = best player, like in your example (Sandoval has the best OPS and is therefore the best 3B). Taken altogether, the stats show—at least to me—that Lincecum was a better pitcher than Carpenter. And you can make a strong case that Vazquez and Haren were better than Carpenter, too.
regarding Lincecum’s alleged infraction: meh. so he recreationally enjoys a drug that has been scientifically proven to be generally less harmful than alcohol – a drug that is available at every convenience store.
screw the nylon industry, circa 1939, and screw Nancy Reagan too. | 2019-04-19T10:23:26Z | https://tht.fangraphs.com/lincecum-takes-the-cy-young/ |
I thought I'd like to introduce you all to my pension. Its with (as I just found out for myself this week just before I threw out the brochure) a company called Becketts. They are a Cork based company and use the word "corporate" a lot on their website.
Now I happen to understand what the middle class civil servants on €50k+ per year didn't when they thought up what they thought was a very clever idea and called it a PRSA. This incidentally, is virtually identical to a stakeholder pension in the UK. Anyway, my unique insight is that a pension is far more expensive for somebody on the lower tax band (which means any single person earning less than €28,000 per annum with no extra allowances) than it is for those on higher tax bands, who get far more generous tax breaks for having a pension.
A second point is that one of the reason why many companies don't have a pension scheme is that in order for the scheme to be officially recognised as a company scheme and therefore subject to all the niceties that go with it, the employer has to make a "meaningful" contribution. And as Ireland is riddled with cheapskate employers who shirk at the idea of anybody having a paid coffee break, you can imagine that a huge number of SMEs had no pension scheme. This effectively meant that large numbers of workers have no pension and will depend on the state pension.
Also there is another caveat. The reason that the PRSA was created was in order to increase the number of workers on private pension schemes. However, if you look at the take up rate on pensions generally, you will notice that the take up rate steadily decreases as income decreases. This is because the lower the income, the less likely it is that somebody will be able to afford to save. Is there anything in the new PRSA scheme to address this? No. Not a thing.
And while charges are capped at 1% you must remember that this is going to be 1% of the lowest paid workers' (in theory anyway) savings. Is there anything to prevent lower waged pension holders from losing savings? No. Nothing.
But a fundamental unfairness remains in the fact that the lower waged earner is always going to get a smaller tax rebate than higher earners - which is surely highly regressive. This has led many commentators to describe it as a pension "for middle income earners, designed by middle income earners." So is there anything there to entice somebody on a low wage to start a pension, any hidden carrot? No, nothing.
Actually when you look at the statistical incomes in Ireland, you quickly realise why the take up on PRSA has been miserable. For many years we discussed the "average income" in Ireland, and segregated the "average income for all, including non-earners." After Fianna Fail were elected in 1997, this system vanished without trace and every time earnings were discussed, we mentioned only the "average industrial wage." This is the average annual income for a worker in industry. So in an economy with about a couple of million earners, how many earners does that represent? If we assume that "industrial" means manufacturing, at the last count it was taken to mean the 60,000 workers in manufacturing. So this statistic applies to less than 6% of the entire workforce? So why has this been consistently accepted as the "average" income in Ireland? Its probably down to powerful vested interests like IBEC, who consistently use it as evidence of "soaring wage costs."
So what is the real average income in Ireland? I have managed to work this out from the Combat Poverty website, which defines the "poverty line." Now the traditional measure of poverty is the "poverty line" which is basically defined as 2/3rds of the male median income. The median income is the income of those at the dividing point between the top 50% of earners and the bottom 50%. Since normal "averages" take into account huge earners (who at the highest in the EU, the UK, earn on average, 24 times the wages of the lower earners in their company) and distort the real picture with soaring fat cat salaries. the median is more likely to give a true picture of what an "average" person earns.
According to Combat Poverty, the male median income in Ireland for last year was just under €20,000. This is less than 65% of the "average industrial" wage touted by the government and their spin doctors. So we can assume that 50% of the male population earn this. Since women still statistically earn less than men, the female median will be even less. However, it is a useful yardstick. Considering that only 76% of adults are dependent on paid work, we will ignore the plight of those who move from the benefits system to the pension system, as they will actually gain income from a state pension which is 24% of adults. So here we are talking about the 24% who presumably probably earn something around the €16-20k mark. This is quite a large minority. We can add to this a significant number of people who earn above the median but less than 120% of the "average industrial" wage. This is probably quite a large chunk of the workforce. The total income of a pensioner once the government fulfills its promise of raising pensions to €150 a week is about €8000 a year for a single person. For somebody earning €40,000 a year before retirement this represents a drop of 80%. However, for somebody earning half that (€20,000) the drop is only 60%. If the target for the "best" pensions (defined benefit) is 66% of the final wage, anybody not on such a scheme will probably be lucky to get about 50% of this amount. However, with no pension at all, the low earner is only going to get 10% extra - or €15 per week, for all the scrimping a saving for YEARS! So where is the inventive to take up a PRSA if the net benefit is a measly €15 a week? And that doesn't even take into account the possibility of the pension fund collapsing, as many have, leaving the holder with even less? (I know of one pension holder who retired early on a miserable €50, yes €50 per week from his pension fund. This man, who is 61, has had to take up a 30 hour per week job as a security man in order to make ends meet).
So what is the real intention behind PRSAs as clearly they are of very limited benefit to lower earners? The answer lies in the fact that with the stock market in the doldrums its been a difficult time for investors seeking new products. And this is an early Christmas present for them.
Just out of interest, I visited the Becketts website to see if I could find out anything about my pension, since I found nothing in the original handbook to explain to me how I can find out about my pensions progress. Nothing. I wonder how many financial products exist that basically leave the consumer utterly in the dark about their investments. I'm sure there are not many. | 2019-04-19T19:08:43Z | http://www.shoegirl.org/2003/10/my-pension.html |
On this episode we discuss ‘Leaving Neverland’ the documentary of Michael Jackson and his Neverland ranch. Nearly a decade after his death, HBO airs this series narrated by Oprah Winfrey, with his alleged accusers describing the distasteful acts other disturbing stories carried out by the King of Pop. But do you believe the accusations? What does this do to Michael Jackson’s legacy? Will you stop listening to Michael?
Travis Scott has deleted his Instagram, not because of unwanted harassing DM’s, his girlfriend Kylie Jenner did some snooping on his account and found some of his DM’s a little too direct. So how far have you gone to catch your partner cheating? What measures have you taken to avoid being caught cheating? Find out on this episode of Word on D.A. Street! | 2019-04-19T01:27:56Z | https://boomphilly.com/3721137/word-on-d-a-street-infidelity-on-instagram-leaving-neverland/ |
IF you like cricket, and like a brainy writer whose intellectualism is friendly and endearing, you’d better read this book. Mike Brearley was a cricketer with modest abilities, but he possesses a beautiful mind. Most creditably, excelling in cricket and studies at Cambridge didn’t make him insufferable. His mind has trumped his batting feats, which are nondescript — 1,952 international runs at an average of 23.23. But he is extraordinarily cerebral, and it’s primarily due to this that he played 64 international matches, of which he captained in 56. His brain kept him in the team; if not captaining, he wouldn’t have been in the team for so long. His leadership qualities were exceptional, his man management top-drawer — post-cricket, he became a psychoanalyst.
Brearley remains acutely aware of his limitations as a player, as is most evident in the chapter on Viv Richards, the original King. Brearley writes with breathlessness and incredulity that Richards treated him as his peer. We all know Richards had and has no peers, and Brearley knows it too. Richards has respect for the intellect of Brearley. As a force for positive change in cricket, Brearley’s intellect is respected and can be useful, which Richards recognises. Brearley is left awed by the encounter. ‘I want him to like me,’ he writes. ‘I am almost surprised he remembers me, that he wants to talk to me. But I don’t feel relaxed. I don’t easily take in what he is saying. I have to listen hard. He is, as my colleague John Stephenson, also present, said afterwards, an alpha male. One can’t imagine a woman not being fascinated. As a man (am I one?), older, in every sense paler, I am charmed, but also a tad intimidated, even by his friendliness.’ Considering Brearley’s high intellect, this extreme modesty seems unreal, artificial. But it’s not fake, for Brearley is a very sincere, earnest man.
Brearley is perhaps less intimidated when it comes to, say, invoking Socrates when discussing the aesthetics of the game.
In short, Brearley resides as easily on the intellectual plane of the sport as on the physical one.
Brearley wears his intellectualism lightly. A few years ago, as we discussed depression among cricketers, he prefaced almost every sentence with ‘I think’, ‘perhaps’ or ‘probably’. When he speaks, he leaves room for a contrary or dissenting view, that’s the generosity of his spirit. Doubt isn’t necessarily a bad attribute.
He writes, too, with self-effacing simplicity, having a wry laugh at himself every now and then. Any traces of immodesty he might have had were summarily crushed by his father when he was a teenager, as he relates: ‘I had been both arrogant and falsely modest, commenting to Mike Griffith and my father that my wicket-keeping was ‘not quite as good as Mike’s on the leg-side.’ His father told him off, ‘quietly’. ‘I felt and can still feel the shame,’ Brearley writes. No wonder Brearley, 60 years on, is touched when the great Viv Richards doesn’t fail to add ‘I think’ after expressing an opinion to him.
This book is valuable for several reasons. One reason is that it’s full of anecdotes and contains affectionate and kind portraits of great players such as Bishan Singh Bedi, Sarfraz Nawaz, Richards, Dennis Lillee and Michael Holding. A more important reason is that it provides terrific food for thought, and can help one get a perspective on something important such as, say, racism.
Above all is Brearley’s ability to put himself in someone else’s shoes — and, more particularly, head. As a philosopher-cricketer, that’s his greatest gift. | 2019-04-20T12:34:59Z | https://m.tribuneindia.com/article/news-detail/723040/amp |
To receive a report advising of action taken under urgency procedures relating to the award of a contract.
The Court received a report advising of action taken under urgency procedures regarding the award of a contract to Veolia ES (UK) Ltd for the provision of waste collection, street cleansing, and ancillary services.
Resolved – That the action taken under urgency procedures be noted. | 2019-04-20T23:05:51Z | http://democracy.cityoflondon.gov.uk/mgAi.aspx?ID=81671 |
While plastic pipes for civil engineering applications have been adopted by many countries, they are not commonplace everywhere. It has often thought that plastic pipes lose stiffness over time, reducing the load bearing capacity. Teppfa have investigated this thoroughly over a four year period and are pleased to share the results. Discover here why plastic pipes are in it for the long run!
Titanium, diamonds, even spider silk – all materials that have been lauded as the strongest to be found in nature. Then there are the manmade structures – steel, graphene and all-new carbyne. However, strength is relative. Not every application needs the hardest, strongest, most resilient material. Could it be the case that sometimes, materials are overspecified?
Take civil engineering pipelines – sewers and stormwater drains – as an example. They are rugged, tough applications that require a hard, heavyweight material to withstand the demands of large volumes and velocities. Or do they? Could another material do the same job?
While plastic pipes for these applications have been adopted by many countries, particularly emerging economies, they are not commonplace everywhere. It has often thought that plastic pipes lose stiffness over time, reducing the load bearing capacity – just one reason given for the absence of plastic pipes on some civil engineering specifications. Teppfa have investigated this thoroughly over a four year period and are pleased to share the results.
Full scale field trials included investigation of internal pressure, traffic load and time effect to extrapolate the performance of plastics over time – with a view to proving long-term load bearing capacity. The findings may surprise you.
Without reading ahead, can you guess which material – plastic or steel – deflected by the greatest amount over a period of 1,500 days?
Well, there is really not much to choose between them.
Each material (plastic and thin wall steel pipe) deflected somewhere in the region of 4% and 6%. Even the initial deflection during the settlement period varied little, and from around 200 days onwards, no additional deflection at all was recorded. The ring deflection of flexible pipes was found to be controlled by the settlement of soil, with traffic and other loads having no affect after the ground had settled – proving that plastic does not weaken over time and in fact is just as durable as steel.
All of which means that the relative strength of plastic makes it more than deserving of consideration for civil engineering applications.
To view the full Buried Pipes Study from TEPPFA and the Association of Plastics Manufacturers in Europe (APME), follow this link: www.teppfa.eu/buriedpipes.
Discover: Plastics celebrates the flexibility, longevity and strength of plastic pipes – as well as their ease and speed of installation – drawing on more than 20 years of independent research.
The European Plastic Pipes and Fittings Association (TEPPFA http://www.teppfa.eu) is the trade association representing manufacturers and national associations of plastic pipe systems in Europe.
We are actively involved in the promotion of plastic pipe systems for all applications. We want to raise awareness of the value that plastic pipe systems offer for a sustainable future. | 2019-04-22T19:03:42Z | https://www.pipelife.com/com/innovation/discovery.php |
This decorative cement heart is one great romantic symbol. Place it on the edge of a window, inside the pot of a large plant or in your garden to bring a touch of softness to your décor.
Stone came as descripted. Heavy, good quality. | 2019-04-26T01:45:12Z | https://www.stokesstores.com/en/decorative-cement-heart-with-writing.html |
ALPINE, Texas – The Big Bend Area Law Enforcement Officers Association (BBALEOA) honored officers and agents who died in the line of duty in West Texas on May 30, 2018, at the campus of Sul Ross State University.
Campus of Sul Ross State Univ.
This year, Border Patrol Agents Isaac Morales and Border Patrol Agent Rogelio Martinez, who both died in the line of duty in 2017, were added to the memorial. Historical additions of Big Spring Police Department Officer Elijah James Cass, Presidio County Sheriff’s Office Deputy Simon L. De Leon and Southern Pacific Railroad Police Department Detective John L. Elsberry were also paid tribute to and added to the memorial.
The ceremony included the reading of the names added to the memorial. There was also a presentation of colors, a three-volley salute, the playing of taps and a flag-folding ceremony. This year’s color and honor guards were made up of officers from several area law enforcement agencies. In addition, the Midland County Sheriff’s Office "Mounted Patrol" featured the traditional rider-less horse.
This year’s Master of Ceremonies was Big Bend Sector Chief Patrol Agent Robert L. Boatright.
Numerous members of the community attended the ceremony to honor the fallen, and support this year’s memorial ceremony for local law enforcement personnel. | 2019-04-20T02:50:07Z | https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/local-media-release/big-bend-area-law-enforcement-officer-memorial-dedication-1 |
Any eligible candidate, who aspires to join any of the Participating Organisations listed at (A) as a Probationary Officer/ Management Trainee or in a similar post in that cadre, is required to register for the Common Recruitment Process (CRP- PO/MT-VIII).
Salary / Pay Scale of Probationary Officers (PO/MT) Through IBPS PO 2018: PO (Probationary Officer) in a Public Sector Bank gets a basic pay of Rs. 23,000/- to Rs. 27000/-. After Including Other Benefits and Perks in basic pay and the overall salary finally amounts to Rs. 39,000 to Rs. 42,000. It also depends on the place of posting and the bank she is selected for.
Educational Qualification for IBPS PO As on 04.09.2018: A Degree (Graduation) in any discipline from a University recognised by the Govt. Of India or any equivalent qualification recognized as such by the Central Government. The candidate must possess valid Mark-sheet / Degree Certificate that he/ she is a graduate on the day he / she registers and indicate the percentage of marks obtained in Graduation while registering online.
Selection Process for IBPS PO 8 – 2018: The examination will be two tier i.e. the online examination will be held in two phases, Online Preliminary and Online Main. Candidates who will qualify in Online Preliminary examination and shortlisted will have to appear for Online Main examination and shortlisted candidates in the Online Main examination will subsequently be called for a Common Interview to be conducted by the Participating Organisations and co-ordinated by the Nodal Bank. Depending on the final vacancies to be filled in during the financial year 2019-20 based on the business needs of the Participating Organisations and as reported to IBPS, candidates shortlisted will be provisionally allotted to one of the Participating Organisations keeping in view the spirit of Govt. Guidelines on reservation policy, administrative convenience, etc. The validity for CRP- PO/MT-VIII will automatically expire at the close of business on 31.03.2020 with or without giving any notice. | 2019-04-24T20:23:28Z | https://govtjobsalert.in/ibps-po-2018-notification-released-apply-online-for-4102-probationary-officers-management-trainee-posts-in-public-sector-banks-is-locked-ibps-po-2018-notification-release/ |
> CentOS did. So your statement is incorrect.
fear and doubt somewhere about the process in exact terms.
remove some of this FUD layers ?
> Hence my joke that the 'C' in CentOS actually means Closed.
> like this. But it would be nice to state that upfront.
Propose a wording snippet ? | 2019-04-18T20:47:06Z | https://lists.centos.org/pipermail/centos-devel/2011-February/006967.html |
Site is currently populated with content on a very frequent basis. Please check back for more details and content! In case of questions contact the author.
The reflines.sas files in chapter 6, 7, and 8 are directly created by the SAS Code. However: in the current version, the path where they are written to by the SAS code is hardcoded: it is 'c:\tmp'. --> So please amend this path to an appropriate path for your machine or create a c:\tmp directory on your machine. I will update and change this soon!
I am working on a download version of the SAS programs for the SAS University Edition that accounts for the fact that some procedures are not available there. Hope to have this available mid of June. Please contact me, if you need this more urgently.
I also am working on a version that can direclty be opened in SAS Studio as a process flow. Should be available mid of June.
The download site has changed to GITHUB.
This case study uses employee retention data to illustrate how analytical methods allow you to draw conclusions about the average length of time intervals, even if most of the endpoints have not yet been observed. | 2019-04-23T07:16:22Z | http://www.sascommunity.org/wiki/DOWNLOAD_SECTION:_Applying_Data_Science_-_Business_Case_Studies_Using_SAS |
A family of five have been rescued from their home following devastating mudslides in California.
The family of two adults, a seven-year-old boy, a three-year-old girl, and a baby were rescued from the debris of their home earlier today.
Heavy rain in Santa Barbara County last night led to severe mudslides travelling down hillsides, destroying properties, and restricting travel.
13 people have been confirmed dead as a result of the mudslides.
Fox5 reports that the family of five, from the coastal city of Carpinteria, were among the dozens who had to be rescued by the coast guard and other emergency service workers.
"The first floor of their house was about three, four feet of mud, so they were having to wade through.
"We then didn't decide to put the basket down in the mud just because we didn't know what was underneath the mud.
"So we decided to hoist them from the roof, but we did have to pull them from the roof in order to hoist them up to the helicopter."
A 14-year-old girl was also rescued from the mud after being trapped for hours.
Authorities have said that "dozens" of people are missing following the storm.
Santa Barbara County Sheriff Bill Brown said that emergency services are now "... focused on determining if anyone is still alive in any of those structures that have been damaged."
Many have taken to social media to document the devastating effects of the mudslides.
Oprah also shared a video of herself walking through the mud after her home in California suffered the effects of the storm.
Rescue attempts will continue into the day. | 2019-04-22T01:17:27Z | https://www.her.ie/news/family-five-rescued-debris-home-following-california-mudslides-383120 |
The Leishmaniases are a group of parasitic diseases caused by protozoa of the Leishmania genus affecting both humans and other vertebrates. Leishmania is an intracellular pathogen able to confer resistance to apoptosis in the early phase of macrophages infection by activation of host PI3K/Akt pathway and inhibition of caspase-3 activation. Intracellular pathogens hijack organelles such as ER to facilitate survival and replication, thus eliciting ER stress and activating/modulating the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the host cell. The UPR is aimed to mitigate ER stress, thereby promoting cell survival. However, prolonged ER stress will activate the apoptotic pathway. The aim of this study was to investigate the ER stress response in Leishmania-infected macrophages to gain insights about the mechanisms underlying the apoptosis resistance in parasitized cells. Macrophages differentiated from human monocytic cell lines (U937 and THP-1) and murine primary macrophages were infected with Leishmania infantum MHOM/TN/80/IPT1 (WHO international reference strain). Several ER stress/autophagy expression markers, as well as cell survival/apoptosis markers (phospho-Akt and cleaved caspase-3) were evaluated by qPCR and/or by western blotting. As ER stress positive control, cells were treated with tunicamycin or dithiothreitol (DTT). The gene expression analyses showed a mild but significant induction of the ER stress/autophagy markers. The western blot analyses revealed that the Leishmania infection induced Akt phosphorylation and significantly inhibited the induction of caspase-3 cleavage, eIF2α phosphorylation and DDIT3/CHOP expression in tunicamycin and DTT treated cells. The mild but significant increase in ER stress expression markers and the delay/attenuation of the effects of ER stress inducers in infected cells support the hypothesis that L. infantum could promote survival of host cells by inducing a mild ER stress response. The host ER stress response could be not only a common pathogenic mechanism among Leishmania species but also a target for development of new drugs.
Copyright: © 2016 Galluzzi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Funding: This work was partially supported by Italian Ministry of Health (Ricerca corrente 2014 IZS SI 03/14; code H78F15000030001). The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Leishmaniasis is a complex disease caused by numerous species of the protozoan parasite Leishmania. Depending on the Leishmania species and the characteristics of the host, the infection results in lesions at cutaneous sites or in visceral organs. Leishmania promastigotes preferentially infect macrophages in their mammalian hosts. The infection leads to subversion/modulation of the host’s innate immune response and cellular metabolic pathways, thereby allowing parasite survival and replication [1,2]. Notably, parasitized cells become resistant to apoptosis [3–5], therefore the death of infected macrophages is delayed. In particular, Ruhland et al identified the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway as an important pathway engaged by Leishmania major and Leishmania mexicana complex (L. amazonensis and L. pifanoi) to confer host cell resistance to apoptosis.
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is caused by perturbation of ER functions (i.e. protein synthesis/folding/post-translational modifications, biosynthesis of lipids and sterols, Ca2+ storage). The ER stress response, called the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), is an evolutionary conserved mechanism aimed to restore ER homeostasis and ensure cell survival. In mammalian cells, the UPR is driven primarily by three ER-transmembrane proteins: inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1), PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) . The activation of IRE1 and PERK is mediated by phosphorylation, while activation of ATF6 occurs via proteolytic cleavage after translocation to the Golgi apparatus. The activated IRE1 removes a 26 bp intron from cytoplasmic unspliced X-box binding protein 1 (uXBP1) mRNA . This splicing leads to a frame shift that extends the open reading frame and gives rise to the spliced XBP1 (sXBP1) transcription factor, which induces the expression of several chaperones and proteins involved in ER-associated degradation (ERAD) and/or autophagic response . The uXBP1 acts as a negative regulator of sXBP1, promoting its degradation by proteasome . Further investigations on the role of uXBP1 demonstrated its synergistic action with histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) in Akt phosphorylation and NRF2-mediated heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) expression, to protect endothelial cells from oxidative stress . The activated PERK phosphorylates the alpha subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α), leading to global translation attenuation. At the same time, preferential translation of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) is induced. ATF4, in turn, induces the expression of C/EBP-homologous protein (DDIT3/CHOP) and genes involved in antioxidant stress responses . ATF6 contributes to optimization of the UPR by controlling a number of proteins, some of which are regulated also by XBP1 . Together, these three branches contribute to mitigation of ER stress, thereby promoting cell survival. However, if ER stress is prolonged and cannot be reversed, the cell death occurs, mainly by apoptosis .
It is known that viruses and other intracellular pathogens hijack the ER in order to facilitate their replication, thus activating the UPR . UPR and innate immune pathways are significantly interconnected and can regulate each other . Therefore, the microorganism-induced alterations of the UPR can influence the immune response. For example, the activation of UPR mediated by viruses can suppress innate antiviral immunity . Moreover, Plasmodium infection of hepatocytes is associated with ER stress and UPR ; Mycobacterium tubercolosis infection leads to ER stress-induced apoptosis ; the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii promotes the proteasome-mediated degradation of ATF6β in infected cells through the virulence factor ROP18 ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa induces UPR to facilitate survival of infected host cell .
Despite these evidences, little is known about induction and/or modulation of UPR in macrophages infected by the protozoan parasite Leishmania and its role in the pathogenesis. In this study, we evaluated the UPR response in human and murine macrophages infected with L. infantum. The infection elicited a mild ER stress response that delays/attenuates the effects of the ER stressors tunicamycin and DTT, indicating the possible exploitation of UPR to improve survival of infected cells.
The reference strain Leishmania infantum MHOM/TN/80/IPT1 (WHO international reference strain) was obtained from the OIE Reference Laboratory National Reference Centre for Leishmaniasis (C.Re.Na.L.) (Palermo, Italy). L. infantum amastigotes were also isolated from lymph node aspirates of two infected symptomatic dogs, obtained from the veterinary clinic Santa Teresa (Fano, Italy). The dogs were diagnosed using an indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT), prepared using whole fixed L. infantum MHOM/TN/80/IPT1 promastigotes as antigen . Moreover, the diagnosis of L. infantum infection was confirmed by a real-time PCR assay from conjunctival swabs and lymph nodes .
L. infantum MHOM/TN/80/IPT1 and isolated strains were cultivated at 26–28°C in Evans’ Modified Tobie’s Medium (EMTM), prepared as described previously . Stationary promastigote were transferred to fresh medium (ratio 1:5) every 3 days.
The human monocytic cell lines U937 (ATCC CRL-1593.2) and THP-1 (ATCC TIB-202) were cultured in a humidified incubator at 37°C and 5% CO2 in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS), 2 mM L-glutamine, 10 g/l Non-Essential Amino Acid, 100 μg/ml streptomycin, 100 U/l penicillin (complete medium). To induce differentiation into macrophages-like cells, 6 x 105 cells were seeded in 35 mm dishes and treated with 10 ng/ml phorbol myristic acid (PMA) for 24 h. Then, the medium was replaced with regular complete medium and cells were incubated for a further 48 h.
Murine primary macrophages were removed from seven ICR/CD-1 mice (Harlan Nossan, Milan, Italy) by peritoneal washing and cultured in RPMI-1640 complete medium overnight at 37°C in a humidified 5% CO2 atmosphere. Non-adherent cells were removed by gentle washing with warm PBS. The adherent cells were incubated for a further 24 h in RPMI-1640 complete medium before L. infantum infection. All cell culture reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO).
Differentiated macrophages from U937 and THP-1 cells were infected with stationary promastigotes resuspended in RPMI-1640, at a parasite-to-cell ratio of 10:1. The dishes were centrifuged at 450 x g for 3 min to synchronize the infection. The murine peritoneal macrophages were infected with 5x106 stationary promastigotes per dish. After 6 h, 18 h and/or 24 h cells were washed to remove free parasites and directly lysed for downstream analyses, while one dish was stained with Hoechst dye to monitor infection with a fluorescence microscope. The infection index was calculated by multiplying the percentage of infected macrophages by the average number of parasites per macrophage. At least 300 total macrophages were counted for each time of infection. Leishmania parasites infecting macrophages were alternatively quantified using a previously developed qPCR assay with a standard curve established with serial dilutions of L. infantum MHOM/TN/80/IPT1 DNA . To evaluate the modulation of ER stress response during infection, we treated the cells with vehicle (DMSO) or 0.5 μg/ml tunicamycin for 2–6 h. As alternative ER stress inducer, 1 mM dithiothreitol (DTT) was used.
Both infected and uninfected cells were direct lysed at different time points with 300 μl buffer RLT (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). Total RNA was extracted from lysed cells using the RNeasy plus kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany), quantified using a NanoVue Plus™ spectrophotometer (GE Healthcare Life Sciences, Piscataway, NJ, USA), and reverse transcribed using PrimeScript™ RT Master Mix (Perfect Real Time) (Takara Bio Inc., Otsu, Shiga, Japan) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The integrity of RNA was assessed by 1% agarose gel stained with GelRed (Biotium, Hayward, CA). The qPCR was performed using the primer pairs listed in Tables 1 and 2, for human and murine targets, respectively. All reactions were performed in duplicate in a final volume of 20 μl, using SYBR Green PCR master mix (Diatheva, Italy), 200 nM primers, in a RotorGene 6000 instrument (Corbett life science, Sydney, Australia). The amount corresponding to 50 ng of total RNA used for cDNA synthesis was loaded per each PCR tube. The amplification conditions for all targets, with the exception of human gene ATF3, were as follows: 95°C for 10 min, 40 cycles at 95°C for 15 s and 60°C for 50 s. With regard to the human gene ATF3, the annealing/extension step was reduced to 40 s and a further step at 84°C for 10 s was added. A duplicate non-template control was included for each primer pair reaction. At the end of each run, a melting curve analysis from 60°C to 95°C was performed to ensure the absence of primer dimers or non-specific products. For human genes, B2M (beta-2-microglobulin) and/or GUSB (Beta-D-Glucuronidase) were selected as reference genes among four candidates (B2M, GAPDH, HPRT1, GUSB). For mouse genes, B2m was selected as reference gene between two candidates (B2m and Gapdh). Relative mRNA expression was calculated using the comparative quantification application of the RotorGene 6000 software.
Table 1. Human qPCR primers.
Table 2. Mouse qPCR primers.
Detection of XBP1 mRNA splicing was performed by conventional PCR amplification of cDNA using primers designed upstream and downstream of the 26-nucleotides spliced sequence. Human primers were as described previously . The PCR mixture contained 200 nM of each primer, 0.2 mM dNTPs, 2 mM MgCl2 and 1 unit of Hot Rescue DNA Polymerase (Diatheva srl), in a final volume of 50 μl. The amplification conditions were: 94°C for 7 min, 40 cycles at 94°C for 10 s, 57°C for 5 s and 72°C for 15 s. The amplification products of the unspliced and spliced forms were 137 bp and 111 bp, respectively. Murine Xbp1 was amplified with primers 5’-ACACGCTTGGGAATGGACAC-3’ (forward) and 5’-CCATGGGAAGATGTTCTGGG-3’ (reverse) with the following conditions: 94°C for 7 min, 40 cycles at 94°C for 10 s, 58°C for 10 s and 72°C for 20 s. The amplification products of the murine unspliced and spliced forms were 171 bp and 145 bp, respectively. The PCR products were separated on 3.5% agarose gel and visualized with GelRed™ (Biotium, Hayward, CA). GeneRuler 100-bp Plus DNA Ladder (Thermo Scientific, Waltman, MA, USA) was included on the gels as a size standard.
The relative amount of uXBP1 and sXBP1 were also monitored by qPCR using primer pairs specific for the spliced and unspliced form (Tables 1 and 2), with the following amplification conditions: 95°C for 10 min, 40 cycles at 95°C for 15 s and 60°C for 50 s.
U937 and THP-1 derived macrophage-like cells were processed for Western blot analysis as previously reported . Briefly, cells were directly harvested in 20 mM Hepes pH 7.9, 25% glycerol, 0.42 M NaCl, 1.5 mM MgCl2, 0.2 mM EDTA, 1 mM DTT, 1 mM Naf, 1 mM Na3VO4, and 1X complete protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche Diagnostics Ltd.,Mannheim, Germany). After an incubation of 20 min on ice, the samples were frozen and thawed twice and whole cell extract was collected after centrifugation at 10,000 x g for 10 min. Total cell lysates were fractionated by SDS-PAGE, and gels were electroblotted onto a nitrocellulose membrane (0.2 μm pore size) (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc., Hercules, CA, USA). The resulting blots were probed with the following primary antibodies: anti-phospho-Akt (9271), anti-Akt (9272), anti-Cleaved Caspase-3 (9661) and anti-CHOP (2895), purchased from Cell Signalling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA); anti-XBP1 (M-186:sc-7160), anti-GRP78/HSPA5 (sc-166490) and anti-phospho-eIF2α (sc-101670) purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc. (Santa Cruz, CA, USA); anti-actin (A2066) purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Signals were detected using horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies (Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc.). Blots were treated with chemiluminescence reagents (ECL Kit, Amersham Bioscience, Arlington Heights, IL, USA), and the immunoreactive bands were detected with light-sensitive film (Amersham Hyperfilm ECL, GE Healthcare Life Sciences) and quantified by Chemi-Doc System (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.) equipped with Quantity One software.
Data were analyzed by non-parametric test (Wilcoxon signed-rank test or Mann-Whitney test) or by two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test respectively for gene expression and western blotting, using Prism software (GraphPad, San Diego, CA, USA). All data are presented as the mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM).
Housing and treatment of mice were in compliance with the recommendations in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals by the Health Ministry, law 116, 1992. Experiments were approved by the Committee on the Ethics of Animal Experiments of the University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”. The animals were euthanized by carbon dioxide.
Previously, the Akt phosphorylation at Ser473 and the inhibition of caspase-3 activation after treatment with camptothecin or actinomycin D have been reported in RAW 264.7 macrophages infected with promastigotes of L. major, L. amazonensis and L. pifanoi . Moreover, it was also shown that L. infantum affected the survival of U937 cells via a mechanism involving inhibition of caspase-3 activation after treatment with actinomycin D .
To further investigate the mechanisms underlying the apoptosis resistance in parasitized cells, we first determined whether L. infantum infection was able to activate the Akt signaling pathway and inhibit caspase-3 cleavage in our infection model, using tunicamycin (an inhibitor of N-glycosylation) as ER stressor and inducer of apoptosis.
The U937-derived macrophages were infected with promastigotes as indicated in methods. The infection index was 59 ± 15.7 and 266.8 ± 89.8 after 6 h and 24 h of infection, respectively (average ± SD values from 3 independent experiments). Active infection was confirmed also by quantification of Leishmania parasites into cells using a previously developed qPCR assay (Fig 1). After 18 h infection, Akt phosphorylation and cleavage of caspase-3 were assessed by western blotting. A significant increase in Akt phosphorylation was observed in infected cells compared to uninfected controls. Tunicamycin treatment did not significantly affect Akt phosphorylation, neither in infected nor in uninfected cells (Fig 2). Moreover, the cleavage of caspase-3, which was evident in cells treated with tunicamycin, was completely prevented in infected cells (Fig 2). Taken together, these data confirmed the establishment of a productive infection and were in agreement with previous observations obtained with the apoptosis inducers camptothecin and actinomycin D.
Fig 1. L. infantum actively infects U937-derived macrophages.
A) U937-derived macrophages were infected with L. infantum promastigotes; after 6 h or 24 h cells were washed, stained with Hoechst dye and observed with a fluorescence microscope to monitor internalized parasites. Arrows indicate parasitized cells. B) Active infection was monitored by calculating infection index, considering at least 300 total macrophages per infection time (dotted line), and by a qPCR assay targeting kDNA of Leishmania (solid line). Both methods allowed to detect a significant increase in infection from 6 h to 24 h. The data are representative of three independent experiments. CTR, uninfected control. * p < 0.05.
Fig 2. L. infantum infection induces cell survival and apoptosis inhibition.
U937-derived macrophages were infected with L. infantum promastigotes for 18 h. Infected and non-infected cells were treated with 0.5 μg/ml tunicamycin for 1 h, 2 h and 4 h. A) The Akt phosphorylation and cleavage of caspase-3 were analyzed in total cell lysates by western blotting. B) Band density quantification was performed using a Chemi-Doc System. Results are representative of three experiments. * p < 0.05, two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test.
To investigate the ER stress response in U937-derived macrophages infected with L. infantum, the expression of ER stress marker genes indicated in Table 1 was monitored by qPCR at 6 h and 24 h post-infection. The reference genes B2M and/or GUSB were selected since their expression did not change significantly following infection (Fig 3A). Later time points were not taken into consideration since the expression of the reference genes diminished significantly starting from 48 h post-infection (Fig 3B). Moreover, a general downregulation of gene expression after 72 h infection has been reported in literature [28,29]. The gene expression analysis showed a significant induction of the ER stress markers DDIT3/CHOP, ATF3, ATF4, CEBPB and the autophagy marker MAP1LC3B, both at 6 h and 24 h post-infection; HSPA5 was significantly induced only after 24 h, while CHAC1 did not show any significant variation (Fig 4A). A similar trend of gene expression was detected after infection with two L. infantum isolates (S1 Fig). As positive control of UPR, cells were treated with the ER stress inducer tunicamycin (0.5 μg/ml). All genes tested resulted significantly upregulated after tunicamycin treatment (Fig 4B). In this case, the magnitude of induction was significantly higher as compared with infected cells (p < 0.05, Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test). Also treatment with DTT induced a significant upregulation of ER stress markers, although to a lesser extent (S2 Fig). The splicing of XBP1 mRNA was not detected in infected cells using conventional PCR (Fig 5A). However, with a qPCR assay designed to amplify specifically the spliced and the unspliced sequence, a significant increase in the spliced form was revealed after 24 h of infection (Fig 5B). Interestingly, in contrast to the canonical UPR induced by tunicamycin, also uXBP1 expression increased significantly, although to a less extent compared to sXBP1.
Fig 3. Evaluation of the reference genes.
A) Log2 fold change of the four candidate reference genes (B2M, GAPDH, HPRT, GUSB) in U937-derived macrophages after 24 h infection in comparison to the non-infected controls. B) Evaluation of B2M (grey bars) and GUSB (black bars) expression in U937-derived macrophages infected for 6 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, in comparison to the non-infected controls. The amount corresponding to 50 ng of total RNA used for cDNA synthesis was loaded per each PCR tube. * p < 0.05.
Fig 4. ER stress expression markers in infected U937-derived macrophages.
A) Gene expression profiling in U937-derived macrophages 6 h and 24 h after infection with L. infantum. The graph shows the log2 fold changes in comparison to the control (non-infected). B) Gene expression in U937-derived macrophages following tunicamycin treatment (0.5 μg/ml, 6 h). The graph shows the log2 fold changes in comparison to the control (DMSO) values. Data are represented as the mean ± SEM of at least three experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.
Fig 5. XBP1 induction following L. infantum infection in U937-derived macrophages.
U937-derived macrophages were infected with L. infantum promastigotes for 6 h or 24 h. As positive control for XBP1 splicing/induction, infected and non-infected cells were treated with 0.5 μg/ml tunicamycin for 6 h. A) XBP1 splicing was not detected using conventional PCR in infected cells. B) A significant induction of both uXBP1 and sXBP1 was shown after 24 h of infection by qPCR, while tunicamycin treatment induced an increase in sXBP1 and a decrease in the uXBP1. ** p < 0.01. TUN, tunicamycin; L, 100 bp DNA ladder; NTC, no template control.
A similar trend of gene expression was observed in murine macrophages at 24 h post-infection (Figs 6 and 7) (infection index 83 ± 33) with few differences regarding the expression of Chac1 and Cebpb (Fig 6A). Moreover, the unspliced form of Xbp1 did not appear significantly affected neither by infection nor by tunicamycin treatment (Fig 7B).
Fig 6. ER stress expression markers in infected murine macrophages.
A) Gene expression profiling in murine macrophages 24 h after infection with L. infantum. The graph shows the log2 fold changes in comparison to the control (non-infected). B) Gene expression in murine macrophages following tunicamycin treatment (2 μg/ml, 4 h). The graph shows the log2 fold changes in comparison to the control (DMSO) values. Data are represented as the mean ± SEM of two experiments, * p < 0.05.
Fig 7. Xbp1 induction following L. infantum infection in murine macrophages.
Murine macrophages were infected with L. infantum promastigotes for 24 h. As positive control for Xbp1 splicing/induction, infected and non-infected cells were treated with 2 μg/ml tunicamycin for 4 h. A) Xbp1 splicing was not detected using conventional PCR in infected cells. B) A significant induction of sXbp1 was shown after 24 h infection or tunicamycin treatment by qPCR. ** p < 0.01. TUN, tunicamycin; L, 100 bp DNA ladder; NTC, no template control.
The western blot analyses of U937-derived macrophages after L. infantum infection showed the induction of sXBP1 and GRP78/HSPA5 proteins (Fig 8). However, L. infantum infection did not appear to induce the ER stress markers phospho-eIF2α and DDIT3/CHOP (Fig 9). Taken together, these results account for a mild induction of ER stress and UPR following L. infantum infection.
Fig 8. L. infantum infection induces sXBP1 and GRP78/HSPA5 proteins.
U937-derived macrophages were infected with L. infantum promastigotes for 18 h. A) The sXBP1 protein levels were analyzed in total cell lysates by western blotting. Infected cells are shown in duplicate. NIH-3T3 cells treated with tunicamycin were used as positive control for antibody signal. B) The HSPA5/GRP78 protein levels were analyzed in total cell lysates by western blotting. Two experiments are shown. Infected cells are shown in duplicate.
Fig 9. L. infantum inhibits tunicamycin- and DTT-induced ER stress.
U937-derived macrophages were infected with L. infantum promastigotes for 18 h. Infected and non-infected cells were treated with 0.5 μg/ml tunicamycin (A, B) or 1 mM DTT (C, D) for 1 h, 2 h and 4 h. A, C) The phosphorylation of eIF2α and DDIT3/CHOP protein levels were analyzed in total cell lysates by western blotting. B, D) Band density quantification was performed using a Chemi-Doc System. Results are representative of three experiments. * p < 0.05, two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post hoc test. TUN, tunicamycin.
Since mild ER stress has been shown to have a protective role in cell lines and disease models [30–32], we investigated the ability of L. infantum to modulate the UPR in infected cells treated with ER stress inducers. To this end, U937 and THP1-derived macrophages were infected with promastigotes for 14 h, treated with 0.5 μg/ml tunicamycin or 1 mM DTT and harvested after 1 h, 2 h and 4 h. The phosphorylation of eIF2α and DDIT3/CHOP protein levels were assessed by western blotting.
In U937-derived macrophages, tunicamycin induced a time-dependent eIF2α phosphorylation and DDIT3/CHOP expression. Interestingly, after 4 h treatment with tunicamycin, a significant reduction in both phospho-eIF2α and DDIT3/CHOP protein levels was detected in infected cells compared to non-infected cells (Fig 9A and 9B), suggesting an attenuation of host UPR by L. infantum infection. The treatment with DTT induced eIF2α phosphorylation as tunicamycin, although at earlier time. Also in this case, the eIF2α phosphorylation was significantly reduced by L. infantum infection (Fig 9C and 9D). These results were confirmed in THP1-derived macrophages: in fact, also in these cells L. infantum infection reduced significantly the tunicamycin-induced Eif2α phosphorylation and DDIT3/CHOP expression (S3 Fig).
The expression of ER stress marker genes was also evaluated by qPCR in non-infected and infected U937-derived macrophages treated for two hours with tunicamycin or DTT. Following tunicamycin treatment, the induction of the ER stress marker genes HSPA5, ATF3 and CHAC1 was significantly lower in infected cells, compared to non-infected cells (Fig 10). On the other hand, the induction of ER stress markers following DTT treatment did not change significantly between infected and uninfected cells (not shown).
Fig 10. L. infantum inhibits the expression of tunicamycin-induced ER stress marker genes.
U937-derived macrophages were infected with L. infantum promastigotes for 18 h. Infected and non-infected U937-derived macrophages were treated with 0.5 μg/ml tunicamycin for 2 h. The graph shows the log2 fold changes of ER stress marker genes induced by tunicamycin in infected cells compared to the non-infected cells. * p < 0.05.
Leishmania is a pathogenic protozoan that infects about one million people per year worldwide. This parasite replicates inside macrophages and has evolved strategies to subvert host defense mechanisms such as ROS and NO production, antigen presentation, immune activation and apoptosis . Some of these strategies have been investigated using different Leishmania species and infection models. For example, L. amazonensis (belonging to L. mexicana complex which causes cutaneous leishmaniasis) suppresses NO production by repressing the iNOS expression via the NF-kB transcription factor and reduces ROS accumulation by inducing SOD-1 in human and mouse cells. Moreover, it has been shown that L. major downregulates protein synthesis in murine macrophages by GP63-mediated cleavage of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a serine/threonine kinase that regulates the translational repressor 4E-BP1 . ER stress also induces a reduction in mTOR activity, which in turn leads to hypophosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and translation repression . Moreover, 4E-BP1 is also a target of the UPR-induced transcription factor ATF4 . Several intracellular pathogens are known to induce ER stress and activate the UPR in the host cell. However, little is known about ER stress and UPR in macrophages infected by Leishmania and its role in the pathogenesis.
In this study, we firstly confirmed previous findings (i.e. induction of Akt phosphorylation and inhibition of caspase-3 activation) in our infection model, using tunicamycin as apoptosis inducer. Tunicamycin triggers apoptosis via induction of ER stress, while camptothecin and actinomycin D (used in previous studies) are inhibitors of DNA topoisomerase I and DNA replication/transcription, respectively. Then, we showed that L. infantum infection was associated with a mild UPR response in human and murine macrophages. This response included the upregulation of several ER stress marker genes, which was much lower respect to the one observed after treatment with the ER stressor tunicamycin, accounting for an averagely moderate ER stress response in the cell population. The fact that not all cells were simultaneously infected and/or the different kinetic/activation of the three UPR branches could contribute to explain the induction of some ER stress marker proteins (i.e. GRP78/HSPA5 and sXBP1) and the lack of induction of others (i.e. phospho-eIF2α and DDIT3/CHOP). In fact, it is possible that L. infantum infection perturbs ER homeostasis in a moderate manner that it cannot be detected by analysis of selected marker proteins in a heterogeneous pool of cells. Alternatively, specific branches of UPR could be preferentially activated at the infection time analyzed.
Few differences were evidenced between infected cells and cells treated with tunicamycin: CHAC1 expression did not change significantly in U937-derived macrophages infected with L. infantum reference strain or isolates, while it was strongly upregulated after tunicamycin treatment. On the other hand, in infected murine macrophages Chac1 was significantly upregulated while Cebpb expression did not change. These differences could be explained by some heterogeneity of response rate in different host cells and/or by different infection rates.
Concerning the monitoring of XBP1 splicing in infected cells, the sXBP1 form was not detected with conventional PCR neither in human nor in mouse macrophages. However, a qPCR assay allowed to detect a significant induction of the sXBP1 form in both human and mouse cells after 24 h infection. Interestingly, in human cells also the uXBP1 form was significantly upregulated, unlike in the canonical ER stress induced by tunicamycin (Fig 5). It is known that the expression of HO-1 can be mediated by PERK and uXBP1 via NRF2 pathway; notably, the induction of HO-1 has been demonstrated in L. chagasi infection and it has been associated with diminished production of TNF-α and ROS and enhanced parasite survival . Our findings may suggest the induction/modulation of ER stress as a mechanism by which Leishmania triggers host antioxidant enzymes acting as scavengers of superoxide anions generated during infection. Recently, the activation of XBP1 splicing arm of the ER stress response has been reported in a murine macrophage cell line infected with L. amazonensis . The confirmation of this finding, although with some differences, in our infection models suggests some common pathogenic mechanism between cutaneous and visceral species.
Although it is clear that severe or prolonged ER stress can lead to cell death, low levels of ER stress may be beneficial to cells by eliciting a mild (adaptive) UPR that “prepares” the cell, increasing the cellular resistance to subsequent ER stress; this process, called ER hormesis, has been extensively reviewed by Mollereau et al . In particular, both the IRE1-XBP1 and PERK-ATF4 arms of the UPR contribute to the ER hormesis. In this view, the mild UPR triggered by L. infantum infection can be seen as a preconditioning or adaptive stress response (i.e. hormesis). In fact, the effects of ER stress inducers were attenuated in both U937 and THP1-derived macrophages infected by L. infantum. The differences in gene expression observed after treatment of infected cells with the ER stress inducer tunicamycin (a glycosilation inhibitor) and DTT (a disulfide bond-reducing agent) may be due to differential activation kinetics of ER stress signaling . In fact, gene expression was monitored after two hours treatment, but DTT acts earlier than tunicamycin (phospho-eIF2α was evident after 1 h).
The cellular signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms that mediate hormetic responses typically involve transcription factors such as NRF2 and NF-κB. As a result, cells increase their production of cytoprotective proteins including phase 2 and antioxidant enzymes, and protein chaperones . Therefore, the resistance to apoptosis of infected cells reported in literature could be due to ER hormesis induced by Leishmania in the early phases (first 24 h) of infection. The increased resistance delays cell death, allowing parasite transformation into amastigotes and replication. Lastly, Leishmania parasites exploits the apoptotic host cell to spread to neighboring macrophages, reducing the exposure to extracellular immune recognition system . The mild UPR in infected cells could also contribute to explain many previous findings concerning manipulation of host cellular pathways, such as induction of antioxidant enzymes, translation repression, induction of autophagy, and also Akt phosphorylation, which is induced by ER stress in a PERK-dependent manner .
Leishmania could induce a mild UPR in infected host cells due to moderate “physiological” perturbation of ER homeostasis, therefore leading to hormesis. Alternatively, the parasite could actively modulate (at the transcriptional or post-transcriptional level) the host UPR, curbing it to a mild response and consequently inducing a protective response to prolong host cell survival. This aspect will need further investigations.
In conclusion, the mild ER stress response elicited by Leishmania infection could represent an upstream pathogenic mechanism common among different Leishmania (Leishmania) species, and could be part of the strategies, together with known virulence factors (e.g. GP63), that Leishmania has evolved to survive/replicate into host cell. In this view, the UPR may also represent a target for new therapeutic approaches since current drug treatments have toxic side effects and lead to drug resistance.
S1 Fig. ER stress expression markers in U937-derived macrophages infected with two L. infantum isolates.
Gene expression profiling in U937-derived macrophages 24 h after infection with L. infantum isolate 1 (blue bars) and isolate 2 (orange bars). The graph shows the log2 fold changes in comparison to the control (non-infected). Data are represented as the mean ± SEM of two experiments. * p < 0.05.
S2 Fig. ER stress expression markers in U937-derived macrophages treated with DTT.
Gene expression in U937-derived macrophages following 2 h treatment with 1 mM DTT. The graph shows the log2 fold changes in comparison to the control (mean ± SEM).
S3 Fig. L. infantum inhibits tunicamycin-induced ER stress in THP1-derived macrophages.
THP1-derived macrophages were infected with L. infantum promastigotes for 18 h. Infected and non-infected cells were treated with 0.5 μg/ml tunicamycin for 1 h, 2 h and 4 h. The phosphorylation of eIF2α and DDIT3/CHOP protein levels were analyzed in total cell lysates by western blotting. TUN, tunicamycin.
The authors would like to thank Dr. Giordano Serafini (University of Urbino) and Dr. Sabrina Dominici (Diatheva srl) for technical help.
Funding acquisition: FV GB MM.
Writing – original draft: LG.
Writing – review & editing: LG AD MDS MC MM. | 2019-04-21T17:19:39Z | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0168339 |
The Back Bay is most known for its rows of Victorian brownstown homes. It holds some incredible buildings – Boston Public LIbrary, John Hancock Tower, Prudential Building, as well as the Boston Public Gardens and the Boston Commons. Within this area of Boston are dozens of unique places for wedding ceremonies, receptions and of course, engagement portraits.
Meet Snackers, a corgi puppy, and his owners, who are luckily in love – Andrew and Angela! We spent the day sniffing Beacon Hill cobblestones, the Charles river, and ever tree and blade of grass that we could find! | 2019-04-20T04:58:36Z | http://www.nicolechanphotography.com/wedding-venues/massachusetts-wedding/boston-wedding/back-bay-wedding/ |
Mickey Mouse is an iconic Disney character created by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks in 1928.
For an amazing amount of Mickey Mouse Facts and Stats, please visit this post.
Here is the Internet’s largest collection of Mickey Mouse-related movies, TV shows, toys and other products. As always, new pieces are added to this collection regularly.
Last updated on: 03/10/19Mickey’s Mouse Tracks Description: Mickey’s Mouse Tracks was a popular children’s show on Playhouse Disney that ran from 1997-1999.
Every Disney-related Black Friday deal all in one handy rundown. We did the searching so all you have to do is shop!
Last updated on: 02/17/19Walt Disney World Key Christmas Ornament Description: Unlock the gates to a Magic Kingdom holiday with this silvery key from Walt Disney World Resort…. | 2019-04-20T06:19:55Z | https://disneynews.us/character/mickey-mouse/ |
When the iPhone 5C was released in U.S. Apple Stores in September, many business analysts were skeptical about the cheaper phone's appeal for consumers.
Many overlooked the whimsical plastic iPhone cases that were launched at the same time as the new iPhone models. The new 5C cases were designed to pop, with exact dots drilled through plastic, which created bright color combinations against the iPhone 5C body.
However, an app development company known as Bytesize was paying attention. Their game app, Flipcase, released on October 13, 2013, allows you to interface and play with your iPhone case -- an approach we rarely take toward our phone accessories.
This is not the first time Apple has released a decorative accessory for the iPhone. In 2010 they launched minimalistic rubber and plastic bumpers for the iPhone 4 models. Like the 5C cases, these bumpers came in a variety of eye-catching colors.
They were designed to be unobtrusive, and provided a modicum of protection by surrounding the iPhone's glass surfaces with a slight rim. If you dropped your iPhone or scraped it against a flat surface, the bumper would elevate the screen and backing just enough so that it wouldn't come into contact with the surface.
The 5C case takes an entirely different structural approach. There are two layers to the iPhone 5C case: a microfiber layer to protect the iPhone from scuffs and scratches and a silicone layer with circular perforations. The silicone case gives the iPhone 5C a grippy feel, which can prevent it from sliding across surfaces or out of your hands.
These cases come in six different colors and the holes allow you to display the actual color of your iPhone 5C. Since this iPhone model comes in five colors, there are 30 different case and iPhone combinations for consumers to choose from.
The iPhone 5C case was certainly not the highlight of the 5C iPhone release. However, the developers at Bytesize weere able to breathe intriguing new life into this slight silicone and microfiber accessory.
The app mimics the popular family classic board game Connect Four, which instructs players to arrange four same-colored dots into a row. However, you must remove your iPhone 5C case and lay it over the top of your screen. The dots are programmed to drop into place, matching the spots where the case perforations are.
While the app is extremely simple in its approach to entertainment, it gives users and app developers time to pause and speculate. What are some other ways we can use accessories creatively, outside of the functions for which they're intended?
In psychology, there is a concept known as "functional fixedness." This is our human tendency to look at an object, such as a tool, and always use it in traditional ways. This means you are more likely to apply a hammer to a nail, instead of using the hammer as a lever to lift a heavy object.
Functional fixedness informs how we behave during our interactions with objects, such as fitting an iPhone case around a device. However, this psychological tendency can limit our options during problem-solving and games. It should come as no surprise that those who can break out of functional fixedness with creative ideas are more likely to invent new products.
You might find innovative ways to approach auto repair, structural integrity, or app development by taking basic tools and approaching them with a fresh new perspective.
The developers at Bytesize have demonstrated how we can think outside the box when it comes to iPhone cases. They took an object made for decoration and protection, and flipped it into a gaming accessory. Business owners, hobbyists, and creative individuals can learn from these breaks out of functional fixedness. | 2019-04-20T16:12:52Z | http://www.mobilitytechzone.com/topics/mobile-devices/articles/359958-flipcase-app-brings-refreshing-approach-iphone-accessories.htm |
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