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What is Which of the following conversions does not require Biotin as a cofactor? and explain in detail?
Ans: A. Gamma carboxylation of glutamate(Ref: Harrison 19/e p96e-5; Harper 30/e p550, 561)Gamma carboxylation of glutamate:Carried out by Gamma-glutamyl carboxylase.Gamma-glutamyl carboxylase:Vitamin-K dependent enzyme.Catalyzes post-translational modification of vitamin K-dependent proteins.Biotin:Transfers carbon dioxide in reactions like acetyl-CoA carboxylase, pyruvate carboxylase, propionyl-CoA carboxylase & methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase.Biotin functions to transfer carbon dioxide in reactionsPyruvate carboxylasePyruvate (3C) to oxaloacetate (4C) in gluconeogenesisdegAcetyl-CoA carboxylaseAcetyl-CoA (2C) to malonyl-CoA (3C) in lipid synthesis.Propionyl-CoA carboxylasePropionyl-Co A (3C) to methylmalonyl-CoA (4C) inMethylmalonyl CoA carboxyl Propionic acid synthesis in bacteriaMethylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylaseLeucine catabolism