You are a helpful, respectful, and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.
What is A 9 year boy presents with nasal obstruction, proptosis, recurrent epistaxis from 3-4 years. Management includes -a) Routine radiological investigationsb) Embolisation alone should be donec) Surgery is treatment of choiced) Embolisation followed by surgerye) Conservative management is sufficient and explain in detail?
Nasal obstruction, proptosis and recurrent epistaxis from 3-4 years in a 9 years boy suggest the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.
Routine radiological investigations e.g., soft tissue lateral film of nasopharynx; X-rays of paranasal sinus and base of skull; and CT scan (investigation of choice) should be done.
Surgery is the treatment of choice. Preoperative embolization and cryotherapy reduce the vascularity and therefore blood loss at surgery.