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What is Tirbanibulin and explain in detail?
Tirbanibulin, sold under the brand name Klisyri, is a medication for the treatment of actinic keratosis (AKs) on the face or scalp.The most common side effects include local skin reactions, application site pruritus, and application site pain.Tirbanibulin was approved for medical use in the United States in December 2020, and in the European Union in July 2021. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication.It functions as a mitotic inhibitor by inhibiting tubulin polymerization and Src kinase signaling can be potentially effective in deferring the development of AKs to squamous cell carcinoma in situ.

Medical uses
Tirbanibulin is indicated for the topical treatment of actinic keratosis of the face or scalp.

Mechanism of Action
Tirbanibulin, chemically known as N-benzyl-2-(5-(4-(2-morpholinoethoxy)phenyl) pyridine-2-yl) acetamide, is a microtubule and non–ATP-competitive inhibitor. The drug in various ways mimics the mechanisms of chemotherapy by suspending the protooncogenic Src tyrosine kinase signaling pathway. Notably, it promotes G2/M arrest during cell cycle, upregulates p53, and triggers apoptosis via caspase-3 stimulation and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage.

Side effects
In several studies tirbanibulin has been observed to induce skin reactions at the site of application, ranging from mild to severe erythema, flaking, ulceration, and pain.As of now, there has been no extensive research conducted on the risks of tirbanibulin usage by specific human populations (i.e., pregnant populations). There also has been no significant differences observed in safety or effectiveness of the drug between geriatric or pediatric populations.

History
The U.S