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What is Lower end Esophageal cancer can be treated by: and explain in detail?
Ans. (a) Ivor Lewis approachRef: Bailey and Love 25th Edition, Page 1033The methods of treating lower end esophageal cancer by surgery can be by* Ivor lewis transthoracic radical two stage lymphadenectomy* Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS) esophagectomy* Transhiatal esophagectomy of Orringer.