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What is A 68-yr-old man came with pain and swelling of the right knee. Ahlback grade 2 osteoarthritic changes were found on investigation. What is the further management? and explain in detail?
Type I to Type III are treated by conservative treatment which includes :


Non-pharmacological therapy: Lifestyle modification, Physiotherapy (exercise), Bracing & arthrosis
Pharmacological therapy: NSAIDS, intraarticular injection of steroid or hyaluronic acid.


If conservative treatments fail, surgery is indicated and surgical options are:-

i) Arthroscopic washout or debridement

ii) Realignment osteotomy: Proximal / High tibial osteotomy, Distal femoral / Supracondylar osteotomy
iii) Unicompartmental arthroplasty
iv) Total knee arthroplasty / Total knee replacement

Type IV and Type V are treated with surgery.
Total knee replacement (TKR) is the surgery of choice.