You are a helpful, respectful, and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.
What is Which of the following is true regarding Horner&;s syndrome? (E. REPEAT 2008) and explain in detail?
Ref: Basak's Essentials of Ophthalmology, 5th edition Explanation: HORNER'S SYNDROME Clinical Features Miosis. Partial ptosis. Enophthalmos. Loss of ciliospinal reflex (Unilateral absence of sweating). Congenital Horner's syndrome is associated with Heterochromia Iris. Path: Damage to sympathetic innervation of the eye. Etiology In the cervical region o Apical bronchial carcinoma o Ca of neck glands. Centrally o Multiple sclerosis o Pontine tumor o Syringomyelia. Pupillary light reflex and accommodation are normal. Dilation is affected. How to differentiate Pre and Postganglionic sympathetic lesions? If the lesion lies peripherally (Post-ganglionic), it dilates rapidly with 1 in 1000 adrenaline drops. This is due to Denervation super-sensitivity. Ptosis can be corrected for the cosmetic purpose by Mullerectomy.