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What is IUGR is caused by all except and explain in detail?
Intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR) refers to those fetuses that have failed to achieve their own growth potential. Causes include: * Foetal causes like chromosomal abnormality, congenital malformation and congenital infections. * Placental causes (uteroplacental insufficiency)caused by preeclampsia, collagen vascular disease, APLA syndrome, inherited thrombophilias, diabetes with vasculopathy, multiple pregnancies, placental and cord abnormalities. * Maternal causes like poor weight gain, smoking, alcohol, cocaine, anticonvulsant drugs, chronic maternal diseases causing severe hypoxia like chronic renal failure, severe anemia, congenital cyanotic hea disease. Reference : page 201 Textbook of Obstetrics Sheila Balakrishnan 2nd edition