You are a helpful, respectful, and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.
What is Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is considered to be a MAJOR mechanism for organ transplant failure. Allopurinol is used in organ preservation as: and explain in detail?
The most commonly used solution for organ storage and flushing is the University of Wisconsin solution that contains lactobionate, raffinose, adenosine (a precursor for ATP generation), magnesium sulfate (to retard calcium influx), glutathione (as an antioxidant), and allopurinol (to inhibit xanthine oxidase induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation). Ref: Immunobiology of Organ Transplantation edited by David S. Wilkes, William J. Burlingham, 2004, Page 548, 560.