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What is Mineral required for cholesterol biosynthesis ? and explain in detail?
Mg is required in stage 2 of cholesterol synthesis. Biosynthesis (De Novo Synthesis) of cholesterol The liver is the major site for cholesterol biosynthesis. Some cholesterol is also synthesized in intestine adre?nal coex, gonads and skin. The microsomal (smooth endoplasmic reticulum) and cytosol fraction of cell is responsible fir cholesterol synthesis; However most of the reactions in synthesis occurs in cytosol. Cholesterol is a C-27 compound. All 27-carbon atoms of cholesterol are derived from a single precursor, i.e. acetyl-CoA (activated acetate). First two molecules of acetyl-CoA condense to form acetoacetyl-CoA. Next, a third molecule of acetyl- CoA condenses with acetoacetyl-CoA to form 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA). Then HMG-CoA is conveed to mevalonate by HMG-CoA reductase, the key regulatory enzyme of cholesterol synthesis.