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What is Starvation and Diabetes mellitus can lead to ketosis. Which of the following features are in or of ketosis in diabetes mellitus: and explain in detail?
=Diabetic situation is same like fasting or starvation i.e. catabolic situation in the body. =There is relative or absolute deficiency of insulin. =This leads to increased Glucagon, increased cAMP & increased Blood Glucose. Insulin dependent GLUT-4 is not working in Diabetes, so blood glucose cannot enter peripheral tissues. Plasma free fatty acid levels will be raised as catabolic enzyme - Hormone Sensitive Lipase (HSL) will be active in adipose tissues, which breaks down TGs into fatty acid & glycerol. Fatty acids travel to blood and liver, where beta oxidation of fatty acids takes place. In a chronic diabetes patient, plasma TG and VLDL will also be raised. Pathways which are activated in diabetes are : Beta oxidation of fatty acids Gluconeogenesis Ketone body synthesis Lipolysis of adipose tissues