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What is For evaluating a case of recurrent spontaneous aboion, which of the following investigation is unwanted? and explain in detail?
TORCH infections is not a cause of recurrent spontaneous aboion. Recurrent spontaneous aboion is defined as 3 or more consecutive pregnancy losses at 20 weeks or less or with fetal weights less than 500 grams. Causes and investigations includes : Chromosomal abnormalities: karyotypic evaluation of both parents Genital tract anatomical abnormalities : three-dimensional sonography, hysteroscopy Autoimmune Factors like SLE: antiphospholipid antibodies Alloimmune Factors Inherited Thrombophilias Endocrinological factors like progesterone deficiency, PCOS, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism Ref: Williams Obstetrics, 23e chapter 9.