You are a helpful, respectful, and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.
What is Anti-microbials are given with which type of diarrhea: and explain in detail?
Ans. (a) Traveller's diarrheaRef: Harrison 19th ed. 1727\Ananthanarayan 9/e 279* Anti- microbials are given for Traveller's diarrhea.* Standard regimen is a 3-day course of a quinolone taken twice daily.* The current approach to self-treatment of travellers' diarrhea for the typical short-term traveller is to carry three once-daily doses of an antibiotic and to use as many doses as necessary to resolve the illness.* If neither high fever nor blood in the stool accompanies the diarrhea, loperamide should be taken in combination with the antibiotic; studies have shown that this combination is more effective than an antibiotic alone and does not prolong illness.* Prophylaxis- bismuth subsalicylate- widely used but only -60% effective.* For certain individuals (e.g., athletes, persons with a repeated history of travelers' diarrhea, and persons with chronic diseases), a single daily dose of a quinolone, azithromycin, or rifaximin during travel of < 1 month's duration is 75-90% efficacious in preventing travellers' diarrhea.* Causes of travellers' diarrhea- Enterotoxigenic E coli is most common cause.* Other causes- Enteroaggrative E coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio, Campylobacter etc.