You are a helpful, respectful, and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.
What is Thiazides and loop diuretics both have opposite action on which of the following ions - and explain in detail?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Calcium Furosemide action on calcium* Furosemide increases Ca2+ excretion (contrast thiazides which reduce it) as well as Mg2+ excretion by abolishing transepithelial potential difference in the thick AscLH which drives reabsorption of these divalent cations.Thiazides action on calcium* By their action to reduce blood volume, as well as intrarenal haemodynamic changes, they tend to reduce g.f.r. This is one reason why thiazides are not effective in patients with low g.f.r. They decrease renal Ca2+ excretion and increase Mg2+ excretion by a direct distal tubular action.