You are a helpful, respectful, and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.
What is 'Herbert's pits' are seen in and explain in detail?
Ans. a (Trachoma) (Ref Khurana pg 91; Ophthalmology by Basak 4th/142; Parson 19th / Page 184)Herbert pits are the oval or circular pitted scars, left after healing of Herbert follicles in the limbal area, seen in the patients with trachoma.The signs of Trachoma are:A. Conjunctival:# Congestion of Upper Fornix and upper tarsal conjunctiva# Follicles on the upper Tarsal Conjunctiva; Bulbar Conjunctiva# Follicles contain multinucleated Giant Cells called as Leber's Cells# Velvety papillary Hyperplasia# Herbert's Pits (pathognomonic) - Follicles on the limbus# Arlt's Line is linear scar in sulcus subtarsalis due to Conjunctival Scarring# Concretions due to accum of dead epithe cells and mucus in glands of HenleB. Corneal signs:# Superficial keratitis# Herbert follicles (in limbal area)# Pannus - Is fine subepithelial neovascularisation seen at the upper limbus- Progressive Pannus - Infiltration ahead of vascularisation- Regressive Pannus - Vessels extend a short area beyond infiltration (Pannus Sicca)# Corneal ulcer# Herbert's Pits# Corneal opacity (end result).Additional Educational Points# International trachoma Initiative sponsors a programme called SAFE to control Trachoma0- Surgery,- Antibiotics,- Face wash &- Environmental change# Vernal keratoconjunctivitis is characterized by:- Called as Spring Catarrh0- Bilateral- Exogenous Allergen- Itching- Ropy Discharge0- Cobblestone Papillary hypertrophy,- Bulbar Conjunctiva has Horner Trantas Spots- Punctate epitheliapathy is earliest finding.- Maxwell Lyon sign is also seen.- Cornea has Pseudogerantoxon with Cupid Bow outline# Pterygium has Stocker's line which is due to deposition of IRON.0