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What is The commonest true benign tumour of the bone is and explain in detail?
OSTEOID OSTEOMA It is the commonest true benign tumour of the bone. Pathologically, it consists of a nidus of tangled arrays of paially mineralised osteoid trabeculae surrounded by dense sclerotic bone. Clinical presentation: The tumour is seen commonly between the ages of 5-25 years. The bones of the lower extremity are more commonly affected; tibia being the commonest. The tumour is generally located in the diaphysis of long bones. The presenting complaint is a nagging pain, worst at night, and is relieved by salicylates. There are minimal or no clinical signs, except for mild tenderness at the site of the lesion, and a palpable swelling if it is a superficial lesion. Diagnosis: It is generally confirmed on X-ray. The tumour is visible as a zone of sclerosis surrounding a radiolucent nidus, usually less than 1 cm in size. In some cases, the nidus may not be seen on a plain X-ray because of extensive surrounding sclerosis, and may be detected on a CT scan. Treatment: Complete excision of the nidus along with the sclerotic bone is done. Prognosis is good. It is not a pre-malignant condition. Reference: Maheshwari; Essential Ohopaedics 9th ed; Page no:235