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What is Most common ovarian tumor is? and explain in detail?
ANSWER: (B) Epithelial tumourREF: Novak's 14th ed ch 35 pg 1461See APPENDIX-59 for "MAJOR HISTOPATHOLOGIC CATEGORIES OF OVARIANCANCER"Repeat 2012 Session 2 (Different options) APPENDIX - 59Major Histopathologic Categories of Ovarian CancerGroupType%LateralityAlso knowEpithelialNeoplasms(60% of all ovarian neoplasms)serouscystadenocarcinoma75-80%- of all epithelial cancersBilateral in 40-60% of casesmost common malignant tumor of the ovary Psammoma bodies,Mucinous neoplasms10% of all epithelial ovarian tumorsBilateral in less than 10% of cases.Pseudomyxoma peritonei,Endometrioidneoplasms10% of epithelial tumorsBilateral in 30-50% of casesresembles endometrial adenocarcinomaClear cell carcinoma (meso nephroid carcinoma)less than 1% of epithelial ovarian cancers Two cell types; "clear cell" & "hobnail cell"Transitional cell (Brenner) carcinoma< 1% of epithelial cancers resemble low-grade transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladderUndifferentiatedcarcinoma< 10% of epithelial neoplasms. absence of any distinguishing microscopic featuresGerm Cell NeoplasmsDysgermlnoma30-40% of germ cell tumorsunilateral in 85-90% of casesfemale counterpart of the seminomaEndodermal sinus tumor (yolk sac tumor)3rd most common germ cell neoplasmBilateral in nearly 100% of casesSchiller-Duval bodyAFP +Immature teratoma2nd most common germ cell malignancyBilateral in less than 5% of casesAFP +Mature teratoma or dermoid most common neoplasm diagnosed during pregnancyEmbryonal carcinomavery rare HCG+AFP+Choriocarcinomarare AFP - HCG+Gonadoblastomarare Rt ovary > left ovary, Associated with presence of Y chromosomeMixed germ cell tumors10% of germ cell j neoplasms Dysgerminoma + endodermal sinus tumor (most common)Polyembryomaextremely rare Embryoid bodiesAFP and HCG +Sex cord- stromal tumors (5-8% of all ovarian tumors)All are estrogen producing (hirsutism)Granulosa cell tumors70% of sex cord stromal tumors CaJl-Exner bodiesThecoma ExclusivelyunilateralExclusively benignSertoli-Leydig cell tumorsRareRarely bilateral GynandroblastomaRare Both ovarian (granulosa/ theca) & testicular (Sertoli/ Leydig) cellsMetastatic(5-6% of all ovarian malignancies)Krukenberg Tumor eponyrn is used to denote any GI carcinoma metastatic to the ovary, mostly stomach carcinoma.The primary ovarian tumor stain positive for cytokeratin 7 (CK7+) & negative for CK20. While metastatic lesion is CK7 negative, CK20 positive).