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What is In which condition mucocutaneous candidiasis is an important clinical feature? and explain in detail?
Ans. A. Auto immune hypoparathyroidWhen immune dysfunction affects two or more endocrine glands and other non-endocrine immune disorders are present, the polyglandular autoimmune (PGA) syndromes should be considered. The PGA syndromes are classified as two main types: the type I syndrome starts in childhood and is characterized by mucocutaneous candidiasis, hypoparathyroidism, and adrenal insufficiency; the type II, or Schmidt, syndrome is more likely to present in adults and most commonly includes adrenal insufficiency, thyroiditis, or type 1 diabetes mellitus. THE type III syndrome is heterogeneous and may consist of autoimmune thyroid disease along with a variety of other autoimmune endocrine disorders.Features of Polyglandular Autoimmune (PGA) SyndromesPGA IPGA IIEpidemiologyAutosomal recessivePolygenic inheritanceMutations in APECED geneHLA-DR3 and HLA-DR4 associatedChildhood onsetAdult onsetEqual male: female ratioFemale predominanceDisease AssociationsMucocutaneous candidiasisAdrenal insufficiencyHypoparathyroidismHypothyroidismAdrenal insufficiencyGraves' diseaseHypogonadismType 1 diabetesAlopeciaHypogonadismHypothyroidismHypophysitisDental enamel hypoplasiaMyasthenia gravisMalabsorptionVitiligoChronic active hepatitisAlopeciaVitiligoPernicious anemiaPernicious anemiaCeliac disease