You are a helpful, respectful, and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.
What is Anti mitochondrial antibody is typically seen in: March 2005 and explain in detail?
Ans. D: Primary biliary cirrhosis 90% of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) have autoantibodies in their blood that react with the inner lining of mitochondria. These autoantibodies are called antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA). AMA specifically react against a component of this multienzyme complex called E2. In PBC, AMA preferentially react with the E2 component of one of the multienzymes that is called the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC). Accordingly, the antigen is designated as PDC-E2. The practical impoance of all of this is that the PDC-E2 antigen is now used,in a diagnostic test for PBC. The PDC-E2 antigen is also referred to as M2, a term introduced to designate it as the second mitochondrial antigen. P-ANCA (Perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody). It is positive in about 65% of patients with Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC).