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What is Stage-II testicular teratoma is treated by and explain in detail?
Stage II Testicular teratoma is treated by high orchidectomy + Retroperitoneal Radical Lymph Node Dissection (RPLND). Teratomas are relatively radioresistant and so RPLND has a major role. RPLND involves removal of precaval, retrocaval, paracaval, interaoocaval, retroaoic, para-aoic, common iliac nodes along with removal of gonadal vein and adjacent fibrofatty tissues from internal ring level to its inseion into renal vein on left side and inf. vena cava on right side. Commonly bilateral RPLND is done as contralateral nodes can also be involved. Reference : page 1086 SRB's manual of surgery 5th edition