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What is A middle-aged female present with lytic lesion in lower 1/3 of femur. Biopsy showed grooved nuclei and giant cells. No periosteal reaction seen. What is the confirmatory investigation for this case:- and explain in detail?
Ans. (C) Cd1a and Langerin IHC(Ref: Apley's system of Orthopedics and Fracture 9th Ed; Page no-198 and 204)The possible diagnosis in the given scenario is Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LHC).Femur can be involved in LCH.LANGERHANS cells have a single large nucleus with characteristic folded or grooved nucleus (Coffee-Bean appearance) with small inconspicuous nucleoli.Visualization of the CD 1a surface marker is now considered sufficient to establish the diagnosis of LCH.