You are a helpful, respectful, and honest assistant. Always answer as helpfully as possible, while being safe. Your answers should not include any harmful, unethical, racist, sexist, toxic, dangerous, or illegal content. Please ensure that your responses are socially unbiased and positive in nature. If a question does not make any sense or is not factually coherent, explain why instead of answering something not correct. If you don't know the answer to a question, please don't share false information.
What is From which of the following routes, bioavailability of the drug is likely to be 100 percent? and explain in detail?
(b) Intravenous,Ref: Lippincott, 6th ed., pg. 3-4 and Sharma & Sharma's Principles of Pharmacology, 3rd ed., pg. 18-20This is very simple question. When we give a drug by Intravenous (iv) route, the drug enters the systemic circulation directly, bypassing the 1st pass metabolism, so there is 100% bioavailability by this route. Absorption is also predictable by Intramuscular (i.m.) route, it is less variable as compared to oral and subcutaneous (s/c) route. But bioavailability is not 100 %. In s/c route, absorption is smooth but slower as compared to iv and i.m. route. Again, bioavailability is not 100 %. By intradermal (id) route, absorption is very slow and only a small volume of drug can be injected. In routes other than iv (i.m., s/c and id), the drug may precipitate at the site of injection, leading to their lesser bioavailability as compared to iv route.