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What is In a case-control study, the cases were found to be consuming zarda pan more frequently than controls and the difference was statistically significant. It indicates: and explain in detail?
Case-control study that looks backward in time from final disease outcome to potential cause. 
In it, groups of affected individuals (cases) and unaffected individuals (controls) are compared to the extent of their exposure to some suspected risk factor. 

Key points 
In a case-control study,  if the outcome was statistically signiﬁcant, there is an association between cases and controls.
Soben Peter 
Essentials of preventive and community dentistry 
4th edition