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What is Causes of high anion gap acidosis are the following EXCEPT and explain in detail?
Ans. d (Diarrhea) (Ref: Q. 178 of MH-2007).ANION GAP# The anion gap may be calculated by using (sodium + potassium) - (bicarbonate + chloride)# Normal =10-12 mmol/L# Causes of a normal anion gap or hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis- Gastrointestinal bicarbonate loss: diarrhea, ureterosigmoidostomy, fistula- Renal tubular acidosis- Drugs: e.g., acetazolamide- Ammonium chloride injection- Addison's disease# Causes of a raised anion gap metabolic acidosis- Lactate: shock, hypoxia- Ketones: diabetic ketoacidosis, alcohol- Urate: renal failure- Acid poisoning: salicylates, methanolAlso know:Ethylene glycol, methanol, and isopropyl alcohol - all cause an elevated osmolal gap, but only the first two cause a high- AG acidosis.