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What is Most common cause of hypernatremia and explain in detail?
Ans. is `c' i.e., Renal losses Major causes of hypernatremia Unreplaced water loss (which requires an impairment in either thirst or access to water) Insensible and sweat losses Gastrointestinal losses Central or nephrogenic diabetes insipidus o Osmotic diuresis Glucose in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus Urea in high-protein tube feedings Mannitol Hypothalamic lesions impairing thirst or osmoreceptor function Primary hypodipsia Reset osmostat in mineralocoicoid excess Water loss into cells Severe exercise or seizures Sodioutn overload Intake or administration of hypeonic sodium solutions