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What is TRUE/FALSE about Barrett's esophagus is/are: 1. Metaplasia 2. Peptic ulcer 3. Paraesophageal hernia 4. Leads to adenocarcinoma 5. Long esophageal segment involved and explain in detail?
Barrett's esophagus refers to the metaplastic change of distal esophageal mucosa from normal squamous epithelium to columnar epithelium, in response to chronic gastroesophageal reflux. The most common type of metaplasia is intestinal type of metaplasia and presence of intestinal goblet cell is the hallmark of intestinal metaplasia. Stricture formation and peptic ulceration of columnar lined epithelium of esophagus is common complication of barrett's esophagus. Barrett's esophagus can be classified into long segment( involvement of >3 cm of esophagus) and sho segment disease ( involvement of < 3 cm of esophagus). Long segment disease carries more risk for adenocarcinoma. Barrett's esophagus is associated with sliding hernia not with paraesophageal hernia. Ref: Robbins 8/e, Page 770; Bailey & Love 25/e, Page 1022.