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What is Initial drug in open angle glaucoma - and explain in detail?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., b-blocker o Topical b-blockers (timolol, betaxolol, levobunolol, carteolol) are the drugs of choice for POAG. Treatment of primary open angle glaucoma o Following treatment options are available for POAG o Medical therapyTotal medical therapy is the treatment of choice for POAG. Topical ji-blockers (Timolol, Betoxalol, Levobunolol, carteolol) are the drugs of choice. Topical prostaglandin analogues (Latanoprost, bimatoprost, travoprost) are the second choice drugs. Other topical drugs for POAG are : - Alpha agonists (non - selective : epinephrine, dipivefrine; and Selective - a2: apraclonidine, brimonidine) Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors fDorzalamide, brinzolamide) Cholinomimetic drugs (Pilocarpine, physostigmine, echothiophate, carbachol) Pilocarpire has several drawbacks, therefore, is being considered as an adjunctive therapy only as a last resort. Approach to treatment of POAG o Start monotherapy with topical b-blocker or latanoprost. o If target IOT is not attained either change over to the alternative drug or use both the above concurrently, o Brimonidine/dorazolamide/dipivefrine are used only when there are contraindications to PG analogues or b-blockers. o Topical miotics and oral acetazolamide are added only as the last resort. Systemic therapy is considered only as a last resort. Drugs used for systemic therapy are :- i) Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (.dcefflzo/amrrfetDichlorphenamide, methazolamide), (ii) Hyperosmotic agents (mannitol, glycerol).