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What is All are causes of osteoporosis, except - and explain in detail?
Osteoporosis It refers to reduction ofbone mass per unit volume (loss of matrix and defective mineralisation) (Fig. 9.47). Aetiology 1.Involutional 2.Endocrinological 3.Gastrointestinal 4.Haematological 5.Rheumatological 6.Collagen vascular Normal bone Type I (postmenopausal) and Type II (senile) Hypehyroidism Hyperparathyroidism Diabetes mellitus Hypogonadism Cushing's syndrome Malnutrition Malabsorption Anorexia nervosa Multiple myeloma Mastocytosis Rheumatoid ahritis Marfan's syndrome Ehler-Danlos syndrome Osteogenesis imperfecta Osteoporosis Fig. 9.47 Anticonvulsants Steroids Vitamin A Alcohol Heparin Furosemide Thyroid hormone in excessive doses Lithium GnRH agonist Cyclosporin Cytotoxic drugs 8.Cigarette smoking 9.Glucocoicoid therapy 10.Hypogonadism 11.Alcoholism 12.Renal disease 13.GI/Hepatic disorders. Bone forming agents a.Fluoride--75 mg/day b.Anabolic steroids: Testosterone is used in the treatment of osteoporotic man with gonadal deficiency. R ALAGAPPAN MANUAL OF PRACTICAL MEDICINE FOUH EDITION PAGE NO-690