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What is In ICU setting patients suffering from which respiratory pathology are at risk of CO2 narcosis? and explain in detail?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Emphysema Metabolic causes of altered consciousness in ICU* In the ICU setting, several metabolic causes of an altered level of consciousness predominate.* Hypercarbic encephalopathy can present with headache, confusion, stupor, or coma.* Hypoventilation syndrome occurs most frequently in patients with a history of chronic CO2 retention who are receiving oxygen therapy for emphysema or chronic pulmonary disease.* The elevated Paco2 leading to CO2 narcosis may have a direct anesthetic effect, and cerebral vasodilation from increased PaCO2 can lead to increased ICP.* Hepatic encephalopathy is suggested by asterixis and can occur in chronic liver failure or acute fulminant hepatic failure.* Both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia can cause encephalopathy, as can hypernatremia and hyponatremia.* Confusion, impairment of eye movements, and gait ataxia are the hallmarks of acute Wernicke's disease.