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What is Optic nerve glioma and explain in detail?
Optic nerve glioma (or optic glioma), a form of glioma which affects the optic nerve, is often one of the central nervous system manifestations of neurofibromatosis 1.Optic gliomas are usually pilocytic tumors, and can involve the optic nerve or optic chiasm. Optic gliomas are usually associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 in 30% of people with the condition.Optic nerve gliomas have low mortality but extremely high prevalence of vision loss & eye-bulging exophthalmos) in children. As of 2014, approximately 1000 cases had been reported.

Diagnosis
Optic nerve gliomas are diagnosed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT scans. The tumor adopts a fusiform appearance, appearing wider in the middle and tapered at the ends. Enlargement of the optic nerve along with a downward kink in the mid-orbit is usually observed. While CT scans allow for optic nerve evaluation, MRI allows for intracranial evaluation to observe if the tumor has extended to other regions such as the optic chiasm & hypothalamus.

Treatment
The main goal of treating optic gliomas is to preserve vision for as long as possible