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What is Familial hyperaldosteronism and explain in detail?
Familial hyperaldosteronism is a group of inherited conditions in which the adrenal glands, which are small glands located on top of each kidney, produce too much of the hormone aldosterone. Excess aldosterone causes the kidneys to retain more salt than normal, which in turn increases the bodys fluid levels and causes high blood pressure. People with familial hyperaldosteronism may develop severe high blood pressure, often early in life. Without treatment, hypertension increases the risk of strokes, heart attacks, and kidney failure. There are other forms of hyperaldosteronism that are not inherited.This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder.  The various types of familial hyperaldosteronism have different genetic causes.It is unclear how common these diseases are. All together they appear to make up less than 1% of cases of hyperaldosteronism.

Types
Familial hyperaldosteronism is categorized into three types, distinguished by their clinical features and genetic causes.

Type I
In familial hyperaldosteronism type I, hypertension generally appears in childhood to early adulthood and can range from mild to severe. This type can be treated with steroid medications called glucocorticoids, so it is also known as glucocorticoid remediable aldosteronism (GRA).

Type II
In familial hyperaldosteronism type II, hypertension usually appears in early to middle adulthood and does not improve with glucocorticoid treatment.

Type III
In most with familial hyperaldosteronism type III, the adrenal glands are enlarged up to six times their normal size.  These affected have severe hypertension that starts in childhood.  The hypertension is difficult to treat and often results in damage to organs such as the heart and kidneys.  Rarely, individuals with type III have milder symptoms with treatable hypertension and no adrenal gland enlargement.

Cause
This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. The various types of familial hyperaldosteronism have different genetic causes