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What is A chronic smoker, age 55 yrs presented with complaints of hemoptysis. On bronchoscopic examination there was a lesion in the distal trachea growing into the lumen. Most probable diagnosis is: and explain in detail?
Squamous cell carcinoma is the cancer most frequently found in men and is highly correlated with cigarette smoking. Histologically, cells develop a pattern of clusters with intracellular bridges and keratin pearls. Impoantly, squamous cell carcinoma is primarily located centrally and arises in the major bronchi, often causing the typical symptoms of centrally located tumors, such as hemoptysis, bronchial obstruction with atelectasis, dyspnea, and pneumonia.