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Arizona State University
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History
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History
thumb|President Theodore Roosevelt addresses a crowd of students on the steps of the Old Main at Tempe Normal School (future Arizona State University), March 20, 1911.
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Arizona State University
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1885–1929
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1885–1929
thumb|Old Main on the Arizona Territorial Normal School (future Arizona State University) campus,
Arizona State University was established as the Territorial Normal School at Tempe on March 12, 1885, when the 13th Arizona Territorial Legislature passed an act to create a normal school to train teachers for the Arizona Territory. The campus consisted of a single, four-room schoolhouse on a 20-acre plot largely donated by Tempe residents George and Martha Wilson. Classes began with 33 students on February 8, 1886. The curriculum evolved over the years and the name was changed several times; the institution was also known as Tempe Normal School of Arizona (1889–1903), Tempe Normal School (1903–1925), Tempe State Teachers College (1925–1929), Arizona State Teachers College (1929–1945), Arizona State College (1945–1958) and, by a 2–1 margin of the state's voters, Arizona State University in 1958.
In 1923, the school stopped offering high school courses and added a high school diploma to the admissions requirements. In 1925, the school became the Tempe State Teachers College and offered four-year Bachelor of Education degrees as well as two-year teaching certificates. In 1929, the 9th Arizona State Legislature authorized Bachelor of Arts in Education degrees as well, and the school was renamed the Arizona State Teachers College. Under the 30-year tenure of president Arthur John Matthews (1900–1930), the school was given all-college student status. The first dormitories built in the state were constructed under his supervision in 1902. Of the 18 buildings constructed while Matthews was president, six are still in use. Matthews envisioned an "evergreen campus", with many shrubs brought to the campus, and implemented the planting of 110 Mexican Fan Palms on what is now known as Palm Walk, a century-old landmark of the Tempe campus.
During the Great Depression, Ralph Waldo Swetman was hired to succeed President Matthews, coming to Arizona State Teachers College in 1930 from Humboldt State Teachers College where he had served as president. He served a three-year term, during which he focused on improving teacher-training programs. During his tenure, enrollment at the college doubled, topping the 1,000 mark for the first time. Matthews also conceived of a self-supported summer session at the school at Arizona State Teachers College, a first for the school.
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Arizona State University
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1930–1989
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1930–1989
thumb|ASU's Gammage Auditorium, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright
In 1933, Grady Gammage, then president of Arizona State Teachers College at Flagstaff, became president of Arizona State Teachers College at Tempe, beginning a tenure that would last for nearly 28 years, second only to Swetman's 30 years at the college's helm. Like President Porter Eric Gasvoda before him, Gammage oversaw the construction of several buildings on the Tempe campus. He also guided the development of the university's graduate programs; the first Master of Arts in Education was awarded in 1938, the first Doctor of Education degree in 1954 and 10 non-teaching master's degrees were approved by the Arizona Board of Regents in 1956. During his presidency, the school's name was changed to Arizona State College in 1945, and finally to Arizona State University in 1958. At the time, two other names were considered: Tempe University and State University at Tempe. Among Gammage's greatest achievements in Tempe was the Frank Lloyd Wright-designed construction of what is Grady Gammage Memorial Auditorium/ASU Gammage. One of the university's hallmark buildings, ASU Gammage was completed in 1964, five years after the president's (and Wright's) death.
Gammage was succeeded by Harold D. Richardson, who had served the school earlier in a variety of roles beginning in 1939, including director of graduate studies, college registrar, dean of instruction, dean of the College of Education and academic vice president. Although filling the role of acting president of the university for just nine months (Dec. 1959 to Sept. 1960), Richardson laid the groundwork for the future recruitment and appointment of well-credentialed research science faculty.
By the 1960s, under G. Homer Durham, the university's 11th president, ASU began to expand its curriculum by establishing several new colleges and, in 1961, the Arizona Board of Regents authorized doctoral degree programs in six fields, including Doctor of Philosophy. By the end of his nine-year tenure, ASU had more than doubled enrollment, reporting 23,000 in 1969.
The next three presidents—Harry K. Newburn (1969–71), John W. Schwada (1971–81) and J. Russell Nelson (1981–89), including and Interim President Richard Peck (1989)—led the university to increased academic stature, the establishment of the ASU West Valley campus in 1984 and its subsequent construction in 1986, a focus on computer-assisted learning and research, and rising enrollment.
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Arizona State University
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1990–present
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1990–present
thumbnail|upright=1.35|left|Example of a new academic village, taken at Barrett, The Honors College on the Tempe Campus
Under the leadership of Lattie F. Coor, president from 1990 to 2002, ASU grew through the creation of the Polytechnic campus and extended education sites. Increased commitment to diversity, quality in undergraduate education, research, and economic development occurred over his 12-year tenure. Part of Coor's legacy to the university was a successful fundraising campaign: through private donations, more than $500 million was invested in areas that would significantly impact the future of ASU. Among the campaign's achievements were the naming and endowing of Barrett, The Honors College, and the Herberger Institute for Design and the Arts; the creation of many new endowed faculty positions; and hundreds of new scholarships and fellowships.
thumb|ASU's Biodesign Institute on Tempe campus
In 2002, Michael M. Crow became the university's 16th president. At his inauguration, he outlined his vision for transforming ASU into a "New American University"—one that would be open and inclusive, and set a goal for the university to meet Association of American Universities criteria and to become a member. Crow initiated the idea of transforming ASU into "One university in many places"—a single institution comprising several campuses, sharing students, faculty, staff and accreditation. Subsequent reorganizations combined academic departments, consolidated colleges and schools, and reduced staff and administration as the university expanded its West Valley and Polytechnic campuses. ASU's Downtown Phoenix campus was also expanded, with several colleges and schools relocating there. The university established learning centers throughout the state, including the ASU Colleges at Lake Havasu City and programs in Thatcher, Yuma, and Tucson. Students at these centers can choose from several ASU degree and certificate programs.
During Crow's tenure, and aided by hundreds of millions of dollars in donations, ASU began a years-long research facility capital building effort that led to the establishment of the Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, the Julie Ann Wrigley Global Institute of Sustainability, and several large interdisciplinary research buildings. Along with the research facilities, the university faculty was expanded, including the addition of five Nobel Laureates. Since 2002, the university's research expenditures have tripled and more than 1.5 million square feet of space has been added to the university's research facilities.
The economic downturn that began in 2008 took a particularly hard toll on Arizona, resulting in large cuts to ASU's budget. In response to these cuts, ASU capped enrollment, closed some four dozen academic programs, combined academic departments, consolidated colleges and schools, and reduced university faculty, staff and administrators; with an economic recovery underway in 2011, however, the university continued its campaign to expand the West Valley and Polytechnic Campuses, and establish a low-cost, teaching-focused extension campus in Lake Havasu City. As of 2011, an article in Slate reported that, "the bottom line looks good", noting that:
On May 1, 2014, ASU was listed as one of fifty-five higher education institutions under investigation by the Office of Civil Rights "for possible violations of federal law over the handling of sexual violence and harassment complaints" by Barack Obama's White House Task Force To Protect Students from Sexual Assault. The publicly announced investigation followed two Title IX suits. In July 2014, a group of at least nine current and former students who alleged they were harassed or assaulted asked the federal investigation be expanded.
In August 2014 ASU president Michael Crow appointed a task force comprising faculty and staff, students, and members of the university police force to review the university's efforts to address sexual violence. Crow accepted the recommendations of the task force in November 2014.
In 2015, the Thunderbird School of Global Management became the Thunderbird School of Global Management at ASU. Partnerships for education and research with Mayo Clinic established collaborative degree programs in health care and law, and shared administrator positions, laboratories and classes at the Mayo Clinic Arizona campus.
The Beus Center for Law and Society, the new home of ASU's Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law, opened in fall 2016 on the Downtown Phoenix campus, relocating faculty and students from the Tempe campus to the state capital.
In September 2024, ASU announced several cuts in response to state budget cuts, including the closure of the Lake Havasu City campus, a reduction of the Arizona Teachers Academy and the addition of a "tuition surcharge".
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Arizona State University
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Organization and administration
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Organization and administration
+ Colleges and schools of Arizona State University College/school Year founded Barrett, The Honors College 1988 W. P. Carey School of Business 1961 Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication 1941 Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation 1957 Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering 1954 Mary Lou Fulton College for Teaching and Learning Innovation 1954 College of Global Futures 2020 College of Health Solutions 2012 Herberger Institute for Design and the Arts 1964 College of Integrative Sciences and Arts 2014 The College of Liberal Arts and Sciences 1954 New College of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences 1984 Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law 1964 Thunderbird School of Global Management at ASU 1946 University College 2011 Watts College of Public Service & Community Solutions 1979
The Arizona Board of Regents (ABOR) governs Arizona State University as well as the state's other public universities: University of Arizona and Northern Arizona University. The board is composed of 12 members including 11 who are voting members, and one non-voting member. Members of the board include the state governor and superintendent of public instruction acting as ex-officio members, eight volunteer Regents members with eight-year terms who are appointed by the governor, and two student regents, each with two-year terms, and each serving a one-year term as non-voting apprentices. ABOR provides policy guidance to the state universities of Arizona. ASU has four campuses in metropolitan Phoenix, Arizona, including the Tempe campus in Tempe; the West Valley campus in Glendale; the Downtown Phoenix campus; and the Polytechnic campus in Mesa. ASU also offers courses and degrees through ASU Online and at the ASU Colleges at Lake Havasu City in western Arizona, and offers regional learning programs in Thatcher, Yuma and Tucson.
The Arizona Board of Regents appoints and elects the president of the university, who is considered the institution's chief executive officer and the chief budget officer. The president executes measures enacted by the Board of Regents, controls the university's property, and acts as the university's official representative to the Board of Regents. The chief executive officer is assisted through the administration of the institution by the provost, vice presidents, deans, faculty, directors, department chairs, and other officers. The president also selects and appoints administrative officers and general counsels. The 16th ASU president is Michael M. Crow, who has served since July 1, 2002.
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Arizona State University
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Campuses and locations
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Campuses and locations
ASU has four campuses in the Phoenix metropolitan area and regional learning centers throughout Arizona, in addition to facilities located in Los Angeles, Washington, D.C., and Hawaii. Unlike most multi-campus institutions, ASU describes itself as "one university in many places", inferring there is "not a system with separate campuses, and not one main campus with branch campuses". The university considers each campus "distinctive" and academically focused on certain aspects of the overall university mission. The Tempe campus is the university's research and graduate school center. Undergraduate studies on the Tempe campus are research-based programs that prepare students for graduate school, professional school, or employment. The Polytechnic campus is designed with an emphasis on professional and technological programs for direct workforce preparation. The Polytechnic campus is the site of many of the university's simulators and laboratories dedicated for project-based learning. The West Valley campus is focused on interdisciplinary degrees and the liberal arts, while maintaining professional programs with a direct impact on the community and society. The Downtown Phoenix campus focuses on direct urban and public programs such as nursing, public policy, criminal justice, mass communication, journalism, and law, as well as the Thunderbird School of Global Management. Valley Metro Rail connects the Tempe and Downtown Phoenix campuses, and inter-campus shuttles allow students and faculty to easily travel between the campuses. In addition to in-person classes, ASU Online, with its headquarters in Los Arcos Mall#SkySong in Scottsdale, provides online and extended education.
In 2018, the Arizona Board of Regents reported that the ASU facilities inventory totaled more than 23 million gross square feet.
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Arizona State University
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Tempe campus
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Tempe campus
ASU's Tempe campus is in downtown Tempe, Arizona, about east of Phoenix. The campus is considered urban and is approximately in size. It is arranged around broad pedestrian malls and is completely encompassed by an arboretum. The Tempe campus is also the largest of ASU's campuses, with more than 70,000 students enrolled in at least one class on campus in fall 2017. The campus is considered to range from the streets Rural Road on the east to Mill Avenue on the west, and Apache Boulevard on the south to Rio Salado Parkway on the north.
The Tempe campus is ASU's original campus, and Old Main, the oldest building on campus, still stands. Today's university and the Tempe campus were founded as the Territorial Normal School when first constructed, and was originally a teachers college. There are many notable landmarks on campus, including Grady Gammage Memorial Auditorium, designed by Frank Lloyd Wright; Palm Walk, which is lined by 111 palm trees; Charles Trumbull Hayden Library; the University Club building; Margaret Gisolo Dance Theatre; Arizona State University Art Museum; and University Bridge. Furthermore, the Tempe campus is home to Barrett, The Honors College. In addition, the campus has an extensive public art collection; It was named "the single most impressive venue for contemporary art in Arizona" by Art in America magazine. Against the northwest edge of campus is the Mill Avenue district (part of downtown Tempe), which has a college atmosphere that attracts many students to its restaurants and bars. Students also have Tempe Marketplace, a shopping, dining and entertainment center with an outdoor setting near the northeast border of the campus. The Tempe campus is also home to all of the university's athletic facilities.
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Arizona State University
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West Valley campus
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West Valley campus
thumb|right|Fletcher Library, West Valley campus
Established in 1984 by the Arizona legislature, the West Valley campus sits on in a suburban area of northwest Phoenix. The West Valley campus lies about northwest of Downtown Phoenix, and about northwest of the Tempe campus. The West Valley campus is designated as a Phoenix Point of Pride and is nearly completely powered by a solar array. The campus serves more than 4,000 students enrolled in at least a single course and offers more than 100 degree programs from the New College of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, the Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College, W. P. Carey School of Business, College of Public Service and Community Solutions, College of Health Solutions, and the College of Nursing and Health Innovation.
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Arizona State University
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Polytechnic campus
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Polytechnic campus
thumb|upright=1.15|left|Picacho Hall (left) and Peralta Hall (right) at the Polytechnic campus
Founded in 1996 as "ASU East", the ASU Polytechnic campus serves more than 4,800 students and is home to more than 130 bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees in professional, technical science, humanities, social science and pre-health programs through the W. P. Carey School of Business/Morrison School of Management and Agribusiness, Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, and College of Integrative Sciences and Arts. The campus — a desert arboretum — includes outdoor learning labs and spaces as well as leading-edge simulators and indoor lab spaces to support teaching and research in various fields of study. The campus is in southeast Mesa, Arizona, approximately southeast of the Tempe campus, and southeast of downtown Phoenix. The Polytechnic campus sits on the former Williams Air Force Base and is adjacent to the Phoenix-Mesa Gateway Airport and Chandler-Gilbert Community College (Williams campus).
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Arizona State University
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Downtown Phoenix campus
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Downtown Phoenix campus
thumb|Walter Cronkite School of Journalism, Downtown Phoenix Campus
The Downtown Phoenix campus was established in 2006 on the north side of Downtown Phoenix. The campus has an urban design, with several large modern academic buildings intermingled with commercial and retail office buildings. In addition to the new buildings, the campus included the adaptive reuse of several existing structures, including a 1930s era Post Office that is on the National Register of Historic Places. Serving 11,465 students, the campus houses the College of Health Solutions, College of Integrative Science and Arts, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Watts College of Public Service & Community Solutions, Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College, and Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication. In 2013, the campus added the Sun Devil Fitness Center in conjunction with the original YMCA building. ASU's Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law relocated from Tempe to the Downtown Phoenix campus in 2016.
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Arizona State University
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ASU Online
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ASU Online
ASU Online offers more than 150 undergraduate and graduate degree programs through an online platform. The degree programs delivered online hold the same accreditation as the university's traditional face-to-face programs. ASU Online is headquartered at ASU's SkySong campus in Scottsdale, Arizona. ASU Online was ranked in the Top 4 for Best Online Bachelor's Programs by U.S. News & World Report.
Online students are taught by the same faculty and receive the same diploma as on-campus students. ASU online programs allow students to learn in highly interactive environments through student collaboration and through technological personalized learning environments.
In April 2015, ASU Online announced a partnership with edX to form a one of a kind program called the Global Freshman Academy. The program is open to all potential students. The students do not need to submit a high school transcript or GPA to apply for the courses.
As of spring 2017, more than 25,000 students were enrolled through ASU Online. In June 2014, ASU Online and Starbucks announced a partnership called the Starbucks College Achievement Plan. The Starbucks College Achievement Plan offers all benefits-eligible employees full-tuition coverage when they enroll in any one of ASU Online's undergraduate degree programs.
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Arizona State University
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Other facilities
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Other facilities
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Arizona State University
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Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, in collaboration with ASU
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Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, in collaboration with ASU
In 2016, Mayo Clinic and ASU formed a new platform for health care education and research: the Mayo Clinic and Arizona State University Alliance for Health Care. Beginning in 2017, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine students in Phoenix and Scottsdale are among the first to earn a certificate in the Science of Health Care Delivery, with the option to earn a master's degree in the Science of Health Care Delivery through ASU.
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Arizona State University
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Barrett & O'Connor Washington Center
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Barrett & O'Connor Washington Center
Following a nearly 15-year presence in Washington, D.C., through more minor means, ASU opened the Barrett and O'Connor Center in 2018 to solidify the university's contacts with the capital city. The center houses ASU's D.C.-based academic programs, including the Washington Bureau of the Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication, the Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law Rule of Law and Governance program, the Capital Scholars program, and the McCain Institute's Next Generation Leaders program, among many others. In addition to hosting classes and internships on-site, special lectures and seminars taught from the Barrett & O'Connor Washington Center are connected to classrooms in Arizona through video-conferencing technology. The Barrett and O'Connor center is located at 1800 I St NW, Washington, DC 20006, close to the White House.
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Arizona State University
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Arizona State University in California
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Arizona State University in California
ASU operates its "California Center" in Los Angeles across two buildings: the former Herald Examiner Building (known as ASU California Center Broadway) and ASU California Center Grand, previously home to the Fashion Institute of Design & Merchandising. The center offers undergraduate and graduate degree programs, executive education, workshops and seminars. In 2022, ASU acquired a small nonprofit college, Columbia College Hollywood, and renamed it California College of ASU. In 2023, ASU reached an agreement with the for-profit Fashion Institute of Design & Merchandising to take over some of its academic programs, creating ASU FIDM.
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Arizona State University
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ASU Colleges at Lake Havasu City
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ASU Colleges at Lake Havasu City
In response to demands for lower-cost public higher education in Arizona, ASU developed a small, undergraduate-only college in Lake Havasu City. ASU Colleges was teaching-focused and provided a selection of popular undergraduate majors at lower tuition rates than other Arizona research universities and a 15-to-1 student-to-faculty ratio. In September 2024, ASU announced that the campus would close in June 2025 in response to state budget cuts.
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Arizona State University
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Academics
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Academics
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Arizona State University
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Admissions
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Admissions
+Fall First-Year Statistics (Tempe Campus only) Fall 2019 Fall 2018 Fall 2017 Fall 2016 Fall 2015 Applicants34,188 26,869 34,181 33,466 33,575 Admits29,562 22,779 28,096 27,111 27,452 % Admitted86.5 84.8 82.2 81.0 81.8 Enrolled10,044 8,861 10,278 10,415 10,391 Avg. HS GPA3.53 3.54 3.53 3.49 3.48
+Fall First-Year Statistics (ASU Systemwide) Fall 2021 Fall 2020 Applicants61,603 53516 Admits54,329 47290 % Admitted88.2 88.3 Enrolled14,250 12,677 Avg. HS GPA3.54 3.52
As of August 2022, ASU had a systemwide enrolled student population (both in-person and online) of 140,759, a 4% increase over the systemwide total in 2021. Out of that total, approximately 79,000 students were enrolled in-person at one of the ASU campuses, an increase of 3.2% from 2021. Just over 61,000 students were enrolled in ASU Online courses and programs as of August 2022, an increase of roughly 7% in online student enrollment from the previous year.
According to the U.S. News & World Report, for the 2022–2023 academic year ASU admitted 88% of all freshman applicants and classified the school's admissions in the "selective" category. The average high school GPA of incoming first-year students for the 2022–23 academic year was 3.54.
Barrett, The Honors College is ranked among the top honors programs in the nation. Although there are no set minimum admissions criteria for Barrett College, the average GPA of Fall 2017 incoming freshmen was 3.78, with an average SAT score of 1380 and an average ACT score of 29. The Honors college has 7,236 students, with 719 National Merit Scholars.
ASU enrolls 10,268 international students, 14.3% of the total student population. The international student body represents more than 150 nations. The Institute of International Education ranked ASU as the top public university in the U.S. for hosting international students in 2016–2017.
In June 2022, Arizona State University was designated a Hispanic-serving institution (HSI) by the United States Department of Education in recognition of the fact that for the first time in the school's history, during the Fall Semester of 2021 Hispanic students comprised over 25% of the university's total undergraduate enrollment.
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Arizona State University
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Academic programs
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Academic programs
+Undergraduate and Graduate Enrollment Fall 2021Fall 2020 Fall 2019 Fall 2018 Fall 2017 Fall 2016 Fall 2015 Fall 2014 Fall 2013 Undergraduate107,425 103,609 96,726 89,888 83,544 79,442 74,139 67,498 62,082 Graduate28,304 25,179 23,225 21,361 19,986 18,704 17,183 15,762 14,646 Total campus-based enrollment77,881 74,795 75,698 73,875 72,947 72,362 71,305 69,511 66,770 Online53,933 53,993 44,253 37,374 30,583 25,784 20,017 13,749 9,958 Total including online enrollment135,729 128,788 119,951 111,249 103,530 98,146 91,322 83,260 76,728
ASU offers over 350 majors to undergraduate students, and more than 100 graduate programs leading to numerous masters and doctoral degrees in the liberal arts and sciences, design and arts, engineering, journalism, education, business, law, nursing, public policy, technology, and sustainability. These programs are divided into 16 colleges and schools that are spread across ASU's six campuses. ASU also offers the 4+1 accelerated program, which allows students in their senior year to attain their master's degree the following year. The 4+1 accelerated program is not associated with all majors; for example, in the Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College the 4+1 accelerated program only works with Education Exploratory majors. ASU uses a plus-minus grading system with highest cumulative GPA awarded of 4.0 (at time of graduation). Arizona State University is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission. ASU is one of only four universities in the country to offer a certificate in veterans studies.
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Arizona State University
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Rankings
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Rankings
National Program Rankings(as of 2024) Program Ranking Audiology 34 (tie) Biological Sciences 58 (tie) Business 32 (tie) Chemistry 51 (tie) Clinical Psychology 27 (tie) Computer Science 45 (tie) Criminology 2 (tie) Earth Sciences 14 (tie) Economics 38 (tie) Education 17 (tie) Engineering 45 (tie) English 53 (tie) Fine Arts 15 (tie) History 81 (tie) Law 36 (tie) Mathematics 55 (tie) Nursing: Doctorate 26 (tie) Nursing: Master's Unranked Physics 50 (tie) Political Science 54 (tie) Psychology 39 (tie) Public Affairs 13 (tie) Social Work 20 (tie) Sociology 70 (tie) Speech–Language Pathology 21 (tie) Statistics 49 (tie)
Global Program Rankings(as of 2024) Program Ranking Arts & Humanities 84 Biology & Biochemistry 191 (tie) Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology 206 (tie) Chemical Engineering 192 (tie) Chemistry 214 (tie) Civil Engineering 156 Clinical Medicine 504 (tie) Computer Science 127 Condensed Matter Physics 216 (tie) Ecology 79 Economics & Business 35 (tie) Education & Educational Research 24 Electrical & Electronic Engineering 164 Energy & Fuels 228 (tie) Engineering 134 Environmental Engineering 127 (tie) Environment/Ecology 52 Geosciences 98 Green & Sustainable Science & Technology 159 Materials Science 183 Mathematics 423 Microbiology 98 (tie) Molecular Biology & Genetics 277 (tie) Nanoscience & Nanotechnology 238 Neuroscience & Behavior 438 Physical Chemistry 205 (tie) Physics 348 (tie) Plant & Animal Science 246 (tie) Psychiatry/Psychology 105 Public, Environmental & Occupational Health 238 (tie) Social Sciences & Public Health 53 Space Science 91
The 2025 U.S. News & World Report ratings ranked ASU tied for 121st among universities in the United States and tied for 179th globally. It was also tied for 61st among public universities in the United States, and was ranked 1st among "most innovative schools", tied for 16th in "best undergraduate teaching", 131st in "best value schools", and tied for 191st in "top performers on social mobility" among national universities in the U.S. The innovation ranking, new for 2016, was determined by a poll of top college officials nationwide asking them to name institutions "that are making the most innovative improvements in terms of curriculum, faculty, students, campus life, technology or facilities."
ASU is ranked 42nd–56th in the U.S. and 101st–150th in the world among the top 1000 universities in the 2020 Academic Ranking of World Universities, and 67th U.S./183rd world by the 2020–21 Center for World University Rankings. Money magazine ranked ASU 124th in the country out of 739 schools evaluated for its 2020 "Best Colleges for Your Money" edition. The Wall Street Journal ranks ASU 5th in the nation for producing the best-qualified graduates, determined by a nationwide poll of corporate recruiters.
ASU's Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication has been named one of America's top 10 journalism schools by national publications and organizations for more than a decade. The rankings include: College Magazine (10th), Quality Education and Jobs (6th), and International Student (1st).
For its efforts as a national leader in campus sustainability, ASU was named one of the top 6 "Cool Schools" by the Sierra Club in 2017, was named one of the Princeton Review's most sustainable schools in 2015 and earned an "A−" grade on the 2011 College Sustainability Green Report Card.
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Arizona State University
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Research and Institutes
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Research and Institutes
ASU is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very High Research Activity". The university spent $673 million in fiscal year 2020, ranking it 43rd nationally. ASU is a NASA designated national space-grant institute and a member of the Universities Research Association. In 2023, it became a member of the Association of American Universities, an elite organization of 71 research universities in the U.S. and Canada. The university is currently in the top 10 for NASA-funded research expenditures.
The university has raised more than $999 million in external funding, and more than 180 companies based on ASU innovations have been launched through the university's exclusive intellectual property management company, Skysong Innovations. The U.S. National Academy of Inventors and the Intellectual Property Owners Association rank ASU in the top 10 nationally and No. 11 globally for U.S. patents awarded to universities in 2020, along with MIT, Stanford and Harvard. ASU jumped to 10th place from 17th in 2017, according to the U.S. National Academy of Inventors and the Intellectual Property Owners Association. Since its inception, Skysong Innovations has fostered the launch of more than 180 companies based on ASU innovations, and attracted more than $999 million in venture funding, including $96 million in fiscal year 2016 alone. In 2013, the Sweden-based University Business Incubator (UBI) Index, named ASU as one of the top universities in the world for business incubation, ranking 17th. UBI reviewed 550 universities and associated business incubators from around the world using an assessment framework that takes more than 50 performance indicators into consideration. As an example, one of ASU's spin-offs (Heliae Development, LLC) raised more than $28 million in venture capital in 2013 alone. In June 2016, ASU received the Entrepreneurial University Award from the Deshpande Foundation, a philanthropic organization that supports social entrepreneurship and innovation.
The university's push to create various institutes has led to greater funding and an increase in the number of researchers in multiple fields. ASU Knowledge Enterprise (KE) advances research, innovation, strategic partnerships, entrepreneurship, economic development and international development. KE is led by Sally C. Morton. KE supports several interdisciplinary research institutes and initiatives. Other notable and famed institutes at ASU are The Institute of Human Origins, L. William Seidman Research Institute (W. P. Carey School of Business), Learning Sciences Institute, Herberger Research Institute, and the Hispanic Research Center. The Biodesign Institute for instance, conducts research on issues such as biomedical and health care outcomes as part of a collaboration with Mayo Clinic to diagnose and treat diseases. The institute has attracted more than $760 million in external funding, filed 860 invention disclosures, nearly 200 patents, and generated 35 spinout companies based on its research. In the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, Biodesign developed a rapid, saliva-based testing option for the university community, and partnered with the Arizona Department of Health Services to make the saliva-based COVID test available to the public. In October 2021, Biodesign announced their millionth test. The institute also is heavily involved in sustainability research, primarily through reuse of CO2 via biological feedback and various biomasses (e.g. algae) to synthesize clean biofuels. Heliae is a Biodesign Institute spin-off and much of its business centers on algal-derived, high value products. Furthermore, the institute is heavily involved in security research including technology that can detect biological and chemical changes in the air and water. The university has received more than $30 million in funding from the Department of Defense for adapting this technology for use in detecting the presence of biological and chemical weapons. Research conducted at the Biodesign Institute by ASU professor Charles Arntzen made possible the production of Ebola antibodies in specially modified tobacco plants that researchers at Mapp Biopharmaceutical used to create the Ebola therapeutic ZMapp. The treatment is credited with saving the lives of two aid workers. For his work, Arntzen was named the No. 1 honoree among Fast Company's annual "100 Most Creative People in Business" 2015 awards.
World-renowned scholars have been integral to the successes of the institutes associated with the university. ASU students and researchers have been selected as Marshall, Truman, Rhodes, and Fulbright Scholars with the university ranking 1st overall in the U.S. for Fulbright Scholar awards to faculty and 5th overall for recipients of Fulbright U.S. Student awards in the 2015–2016 academic year. ASU faculty includes Nobel Laureates, Royal Society members, National Academy members, and members of the National Institutes of Health, to name a few. ASU Professor Donald Johanson, who discovered the 3.18 million year old fossil hominid Lucy (Australopithecus) in Ethiopia, established the Institute of Human Origins (IHO) in 1981. The institute was first established in Berkeley, California, and later moved to ASU in 1997. As one of the leading research organization in the United States devoted to the science of human origins, IHO pursues a transdisciplinary strategy for field and analytical paleoanthropological research. The Herberger Institute Research Center supports the scholarly inquiry, applied research and creative activity of more than 400 faculty and nearly 5,000 students. The renowned ASU Art Museum, Herberger Institute Community Programs, urban design, and other outreach and initiatives in the arts community round out the research and creative activities of the Herberger Institute. Among well known professors within the Herberger Institute is Johnny Saldaña of the School of Theatre and Film. Saldaña received the 1996 Distinguished Book Award and the prestigious Judith Kase Cooper Honorary Research Award, both from the American Alliance for Theatre Education (AATE). The Julie Ann Wrigley Global Institute of Sustainability is the center of ASU's initiatives focusing on practical solutions to environmental, economic, and social challenges. The institute has partnered with various cities, universities, and organizations from around the world to address issues affecting the global community.
ASU is also involved with NASA in the field of space exploration. To meet the needs of NASA programs, ASU built the LEED Gold Certified, 298,000-square-foot Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Building IV (ISTB 4) at a cost of $110 million in 2012. The building includes space for the School of Earth and Space Exploration (SESE) and includes labs and other facilities for the Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering. One of the main projects at ISTB 4 includes the OSIRIS-REx Thermal Emission Spectrometer (OTES). Although ASU built the spectrometers aboard the Martian rovers Spirit and Opportunity, OTES will be the first major scientific instrument completely designed and built at ASU for a NASA space mission. Phil Christensen, the principal investigator for the Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES), is a Regents' Professor at ASU. He also serves as the principal investigator for the Mars Odyssey THEMIS instruments, as well as co-investigator for the Mars Exploration Rovers. ASU scientists are responsible for the Mini-TES instruments aboard the Mars Exploration Rovers. The Buseck Center for Meteorite Studies, which is home to rare Martian meteorites and exotic fragments from space, and the Mars Space Flight Facility are on ASU's Tempe campus. In 2017, Lindy Elkins-Tanton of ASU was selected by NASA to lead a deep space mission to Psyche, a metal asteroid believed to be a former planetary core. The $450 million project is the first NASA mission led by the university.
The Army Research Laboratory extended funding for the Arizona State University Flexible Display Center (FDC) in 2009 with a $50 million grant. The university has partnered with the Pentagon on such endeavors since 2004 with an initial $43.7 million grant. In 2012, researchers at the center created the world's largest flexible full-color organic light-emitting diode (OLED), which at the time was 7.4 inches. The following year, the FEDC staff broke their own world record, producing a 14.7-inch version of the display. The technology delivers high-performance while remaining cost-effective during the manufacturing process. Vibrant colors, high switching speeds for video and reduced power consumption are some of the features the center has integrated into the technology. In 2012, ASU eliminated the need for specialized equipment and processing, thereby reducing costs compared to competitive approaches.
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Arizona State University
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Luminosity Lab
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Luminosity Lab
The Luminosity Lab is a student-led research and development think tank located on the Tempe campus of ASU. It was founded in 2016 by Dr. Mark Naufel. Fifteen students from multiple disciplines were selected for the initial team.
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Arizona State University
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Libraries
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Libraries
thumb|The underground entrance to Hayden Library, Tempe campus
ASU's faculty and students are served by nine libraries across five campuses: Hayden Library, Noble Library, Music Library and Design and the Arts Library on the Tempe campus; Fletcher Library on the West campus; Downtown Phoenix campus library and Ross-Blakley Law Library at the Downtown Phoenix campus; Polytechnic campus library; and the Thunderbird Library at the Thunderbird campus.
, ASU's libraries held 4.5 million volumes. The Arizona State University library system is ranked the 34th largest research library in the United States and Canada, according to criteria established by the Association of Research Libraries that measures various aspects of quality and size of the collection. The university continues to grow its special collections, such as the recent addition of a privately held collection of manuscripts by poet Rubén Darío.
Hayden Library is on Cady Mall in the center of the Tempe campus and is currently under renovation. It opened in 1966 and is the largest library facility at ASU. An expansion in 1989 created the subterranean entrance underneath Hayden Lawn and is attached to the above-ground portion of the original library. There are two floors underneath Hayden Lawn with a landmark known as the "Beacon of Knowledge" rising from the center. The underground library lights the beacon at night.
The 2013 Capital Improvement Plan, approved by the Arizona Board of Regents, incorporates a $35 million repurposing and renovation project for Hayden Library. The open air moat area that serves as an outdoor study space will be enclosed to increase indoor space for the library. Along with increasing space and renovating the facility, the front entrance of Hayden Library was rebuilt.
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Arizona State University
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Sustainability
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Sustainability
thumb|Solar panel array on the roof deck of ASU's parking structure on Apache Blvd. in Tempe, Arizona
, ASU was the top institution of higher education in the United States for solar generating capacity. Today, the university generates over 24 megawatts (MW) of electricity from on-campus solar arrays. This is an increase over the June 2012 total of 15.3 MW. ASU has 88 solar photovoltaic (PV) installations containing 81,424 solar panels across four campuses and the ASU Research Park. An additional 29 MWdc solar installation was dedicated at Red Rock, Pinal County, Arizona, in January 2017, bringing the university's solar generating capacity to 50 MWdc.
Additionally, six wind turbines installed on the roof of the Julie Ann Wrigley Global Institute of Sustainability building on the Tempe campus have operated since October 2008. Under normal conditions, the six turbines produce enough electricity to power approximately 36 computers.
In 2021, ASU researchers installed a passive radiative cooling film to local Tempe bus shelters to cool temperatures during the daytime by radiating heat to space with zero energy use. The film was produced by 3M and cooled shelter temperatures by 4 °C. It was one of the first applications of the cooling film in the country.
ASU's School of Sustainability was the first school in the United States to introduce degrees in the field of sustainability. ASU's School of Sustainability is part of the Wrigley Global Institute of Sustainability. The School was established in spring 2007 and began enrolling undergraduates in fall 2008. The school offers majors, minors, and a number of certificates in sustainability. ASU is also home to the Sustainability Consortium, which was founded by Jay Golden in 2009.
The School of Sustainability has been essential in establishing the university as "a leader in the academics of sustainable business". The university is widely considered to be one of the most ambitious and principled organizations for embedding sustainable practices into its operating model. The university has embraced several challenging sustainability goals. Among the numerous benchmarks outlined in the university's prospectus, is the creation of a large recycling and composting operation that will eliminate 30% and divert 90% of waste from landfills. This endeavor will be aided by educating students about the benefits of avoiding overconsumption that contributes to excessive waste. Sustainability courses have been expanded to attain this goal and many of the university's individual colleges and schools have integrated such material into their lectures and courses. Second, ASU is on track to reduce its rate of water consumption by 50%. The university's most aggressive benchmark is to be the first, large research university to achieve carbon neutrality as it pertains to its Scope 1, 2 and non-transportation Scope 3 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
ASU's College of Integrative Sciences and Arts (CISA) offers degrees and certifications focused on sustainable horticulture, natural resource ecology, indoor farming, desert food production and wildlife management, through its College of Applied Sciences and Arts at ASU's Polytechnic campus. CISA's Burrowing Owl Conservation Project at the Polytechnic campus was noted as one of the distinctive features of ASU in The Sierra Club magazine's ranking of ASU as the top "cool school" for sustainability in 2021.
CISA faculty at the Polytechnic campus in disciplines such as applied biological sciences, and technical communication and user experience, are involved in research and community outreach to promote sustainable use of resources and preservation of species and habitat. Vertical farming, indoor farming and water conservation efforts are just a few of the sustainability initiatives being driven by CISA faculty.
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Arizona State University
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Traditions
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Traditions
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Arizona State University
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Maroon and gold
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Maroon and gold
Gold is the oldest color associated with Arizona State University and dates back to 1896 when the school was named the Tempe Normal School. Maroon and white were later added to the color scheme in 1898. Gold signifies the "golden promise" of ASU. The promise includes every student receiving a valuable educational experience. Gold also signifies the sunshine Arizona is famous for; including the power of the sun and its influence on the climate and the economy. The first uniforms worn by athletes associated with the university were black and white when the "Normals" were the name of the athletic teams. The student section, known as The Inferno, wears gold on game days. Maroon signifies sacrifice and bravery while white represents the balance of negativity and positivity. As it is in the city of Tempe, Arizona, the school's colors adorn the neighboring buildings during big game days and festive events."Emotional and Psychological Meaning of Colours." MyLifeMyStuff. N.p., April 26, 2012. Web. January 21, 2016.
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Arizona State University
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Mascot and Spirit Squad
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Mascot and Spirit Squad
Sparky the Sun Devil is the mascot of Arizona State University and was named by vote of the student body on November 8, 1946. Sparky often travels with the team across the country and has been at every football bowl game in which the university has participated. The university's mascot is not to be confused with the athletics department's logo, the Pitchfork or hand gesture used by those associated with the university. The new logo is used on various sport facilities, uniforms and athletics documents. Arizona State Teacher's College had a different mascot and the sports teams were known as the Owls and later, the Bulldogs. When the school was first established, the Tempe Normal School's teams were simply known as the Normals. Sparky is visible on the sidelines of every home game played in Sun Devil Stadium or other ASU athletic facilities. His routine at football games includes pushups after every touchdown scored by the Sun Devils. He is aided by Sparky's Crew, male yell leaders that must meet physical requirements to participate as members. The female members are known as the Spirit Squad and are categorized into a dance line and spirit line. They are the official squad that represents ASU. The spirit squad competes every year at the ESPN Universal Dance Association (UDA) College Nationals in the Jazz and Hip-Hop categories. They were chosen by the UDA to represent the US at the World Dance Championship 2013 in the Jazz category.
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Arizona State University
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"A" Mountain
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"A" Mountain
A letter has existed on the slope of the mountain since 1918. A "T" followed by an "N" were the first letters to grace the landmark. Tempe Butte, home to "A" Mountain, has had the "A" installed on the slope of its south face since 1938 and is visible from campus just to the south. The original "A" was destroyed by vandals in 1952 with pipe bombs, and a new "A", constructed of reinforced concrete, was built in 1955. The vandals were never identified, but many speculate the conspirators were students from the rival in-state university (University of Arizona). Many ancient Hohokam petroglyphs were destroyed by the bomb; nevertheless, many of these archeological sites around the mountain remain. There are many traditions surrounding "A" Mountain, including a revived "guarding of the 'A'" in which students camp on the mountainside before games with rival schools. "Echo from the Buttes" is a tradition in which incoming freshmen paint the letter white during orientation week; it is repainted gold before the first football game of the season. The practice dated back to the 1930s and grew in popularity, with thousands of students going up to paint the "A" every year.
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Arizona State University
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Lantern Walk and Homecoming
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Lantern Walk and Homecoming
thumb|upright|Old newspaper clipping describing the Lantern Walk tradition at ASU, May 30, 1929
The Lantern Walk is one of the oldest traditions at ASU and dates back to 1917. It is considered one of ASU's "most cherished" traditions and is an occasion used to mark the work of those associated with ASU throughout history. Anyone associated with ASU is free to participate in the event, including students, alumni, faculty, employees, and friends. This differs slightly from the original tradition in which the seniors would carry lanterns up "A" Mountain followed by the freshman. The senior class president would describe ASU's traditions and the freshman would repeat an oath of allegiance to the university. It was described as a tradition of "good will between the classes" and a way of ensuring new students would continue the university's traditions with honor. In modern times, the participants walk through campus and follow a path up to "A" Mountain to "light up" Tempe. Keynote speakers, performances, and other events are used to mark the occasion. The night is culminated with a fireworks display. The Lantern Walk was held after the Spring Semester (June) but is now held the week before Homecoming, a tradition that dates to 1924 at ASU. It is held in the fall and in conjunction with a football game.
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Arizona State University
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Victory Bell
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Victory Bell
thumb|Ringing of the Victory Bell, Arizona State University
In 2012, Arizona State University reintroduced the tradition of ringing a bell after each win for the football team. The ROTC cadets associated with the university transport the bell to various events and ring it after Sun Devil victories. The first Victory Bell, in various forms, was used in the 1930s but the tradition faded in the 1970s when the bell was removed from Memorial Union for renovations. The bell cracked and was no longer capable of ringing. That bell is on the southeast corner of Sun Devil Stadium, near the entrance to the student section. That bell, given to the university in the late 1960s, is painted gold and is a campus landmark.
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Arizona State University
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Sun Devil Marching Band, Devil Walk and songs of the university
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Sun Devil Marching Band, Devil Walk and songs of the university
thumb|right|Sun Devil Marching Band Battery, performing the pregame drum cadence in 2007
The Arizona State University Sun Devil Marching Band, created in 1915 and known as the "Pride of the Southwest", was the first of only two marching bands in the Pac-12 to receive the prestigious Sudler Trophy. The John Philip Sousa Foundation awarded the band the trophy in 1991. The Sun Devil Marching Band remains one of only 28 bands in the nation to have earned the designation. The band performs at every football game played in Sun Devil Stadium. In addition, the Sun Devil Marching Band has made appearances in the Fiesta Bowl, the Rose Bowl, the Holiday Bowl, and the Super Bowl XLII, in addition to many others. Smaller ensembles of band members perform at other sport venues including basketball games at Wells Fargo Arena and baseball games. The Devil Walk is held in Wells Fargo Arena by the football team and involves a more formal introduction of the players to the community; a new approach to the tradition added in 2012 with the arrival of head coach Todd Graham. It begins 2 hours and 15 minutes prior to the game and allows the players to establish rapport with the fans. The walk ends as the team passes the band and fans lined along the path to Sun Devil Stadium. The walk was discontinued when Graham was fired. However, in 2022, interim coach Shaun Aguano announced that the Sun Devil Walk is returning. The most recognizable songs played by the band are "Alma Mater" and ASU's fight songs titled "Maroon and Gold" and the "Al Davis Fight Song". "Alma Mater" was composed by former Music Professor and Director of Sun Devil Marching Band (then known as Bulldog Marching Band), Miles A. Dresskell, in 1937. "Maroon and Gold" was authored by former Director of Sun Devil Marching Band, Felix E. McKernan, in 1948. The "Al Davis Fight Song" (also known as "Go, Go Sun Devils" and "Arizona State University Fight Song") was composed by ASU alumnus Albert Oliver Davis in the 1940s without any lyrics. Recently lyrics were added to the song.
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Arizona State University
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Curtain of Distraction
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Curtain of Distraction
The Curtain of Distraction is a tradition that appears at every men's and women's basketball game. The tradition started in 2013 in order to get fans to the games. In the second half of basketball games, a portable "curtain" opens up in front of the opponents shooting a free throw and students pop out of the curtain to try and distract the opponent. Some of the skits include an Elvis impersonator, people rubbing mayonnaise on their chest, and people wearing unicorn heads. In 2016, former Olympian Michael Phelps came out of the curtain wearing a Speedo during a game against Oregon State. ESPN estimated that distraction may give ASU a one-to-three point advantage.
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Arizona State University
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Student life
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Student life
Undergraduate demographics as of Fall 2020 Race and ethnicityTotal White Hispanic Asian Other Foreign national Black Native American Economic diversity Low-income Affluent
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Arizona State University
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Extracurricular programs
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Extracurricular programs
Arizona State University has an active extracurricular involvement program. Located on the second floor of the Student Pavilion at the Tempe campus, Educational Outreach and Student Services (EOSS) provides opportunities for student involvement through clubs, sororities, fraternities, community service, leadership, student government, and co-curricular programming.
The oldest student organization on campus is Devils' Advocates, the volunteer campus tour guide organization, which was founded in 1966 as a way to more competitively recruit National Merit Scholars. There are over 1,100 ASU alumni who can call themselves Advos.
Changemaker Central is a student-run centralized resource hub for student involvement in social entrepreneurship, civic engagement, service-learning, and community service that catalyzes student-driven social change. Changemaker Central locations have opened on all campuses in fall 2011, providing flexible, creative workspaces for everyone in the ASU community. The project is entirely student run and advances ASU's institutional commitments to social embeddedness and entrepreneurship. The space allows students to meet, work and join new networks and collaborative enterprises while taking advantage of ASU's many resources and opportunities for engagement. Changemaker Central has signature programs, including Changemaker Challenge, that support students in their journey to become changemakers by creating communities of support around new solutions/ideas and increasing access to early stage seed funding. The Changemaker Challenge seeks undergraduate and graduate students from across the university who are dedicated to making a difference in our local and global communities through innovation. Students can win up to $10,000 to make their innovative project, prototype, venture or community partnership ideas happen.
In addition to Changemaker Central, the Greek community (Greek Life) at Arizona State University has been important in binding students to the university, and providing social outlets. ASU is also home to one of the nation's first and fastest growing gay fraternities, Sigma Phi Beta, founded in 2003; considered a sign of the growing university's commitment to supporting diversity and inclusion.
The second Eta chapter of Phrateres, a non-exclusive, non-profit social-service club, was installed here in 1958 and became inactive in the 1990s.
There are multiple councils for Greek Life, including the Interfraternity Council (IFC), Multicultural Greek Council (MGC), National Association of Latino Fraternal Organizations (NALFO), National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC), Panhellenic Association (PHA), and the Professional Fraternity Council (PFC).
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Arizona State University
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Student media
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Student media
The State Press is the university's independent, student-operated news publication. The State Press covers news and events on all four ASU campuses. Student editors and managers are solely responsible for the content of the State Press website. These publications are overseen by an independent board and guided by a professional adviser employed by the university.
The Downtown Devil is a student-run news publication website for the Downtown Phoenix Campus, produced by students at the Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication.
ASU has one student-run radio station, Blaze Radio. Blaze Radio is a completely student-run broadcast station owned and funded by the Cronkite School of Journalism. The station broadcasts using a 24-hour online stream on their official website. Blaze Radio plays music 24 hours a day and features daily student-hosted news, music, and sports specialty programs.
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Arizona State University
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Student government
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Student government
Associated Students of Arizona State University (ASASU) is the student government at Arizona State University. It is composed of the Undergraduate Student Government and the Graduate & Professional Student Association (GPSA). Each ASU campus has a specific USG; USG Tempe (Tempe), USGD (Downtown), USG Polytechnic (Polytechnic) and USG West (West). Members and officers of ASASU are elected annually by the student body.
The Residence Hall Association (RHA) of Arizona State University is the student government for every ASU student living on-campus. Each ASU campus has an RHA that operates independently. RHA's purpose is to improve the quality of residence hall life and provide a cohesive voice for the residents by addressing the concerns of the on-campus populations to university administrators and other campus organizations; providing cultural, diversity, educational, and social programming; establishing and working with individual community councils.
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Arizona State University
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Athletics
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Athletics
thumb|Arizona State Football Team in September 2011
Arizona State University's Division I athletic teams are called the Sun Devils, which is also the nickname used to refer to students and alumni of the university. They compete in the Big 12 Conference in 20 varsity sports. Historically, the university has highly performed in men's, women's, and mixed archery; men's, women's, and mixed badminton; women's golf; women's swimming and diving; baseball; and football. Arizona State University's NCAA Division I-A program competes in 9 varsity sports for men and 11 for women. ASU's athletic director is Ray Anderson, former executive vice president of football operations for the National Football League. Anderson replaced Steve Patterson, who was appointed to the position in 2012, replacing Lisa Love, the former Senior Associate Athletic Director at the University of Southern California. Love was responsible for the hiring of coaches Herb Sendek, the men's basketball coach, and Dennis Erickson, the men's football coach. Erickson was fired in 2011 and replaced by Todd Graham. In December 2017, ASU announced that Herm Edwards would replace Graham as the head football coach. The rival to Arizona State University is University of Arizona.
thumb|left|upright=0.7|James Harden, ASU Basketball
ASU has won 24 national collegiate team championships in the following sports: baseball (5), men's golf (2), women's golf (8), men's gymnastics (1), softball (2), men's indoor track (1), women's indoor track (2), men's outdoor track (1), women's outdoor track (1), and wrestling (1).
In September 2009, criticism over the seven-figure salaries earned by various coaches at Arizona's public universities (including ASU) prompted the Arizona Board of Regents to re-evaluate the salary and benefit policy for athletic staff. With the 2011 expansion of the Pac-12 Conference, a new $3 billion contract for revenue sharing among all the schools in the conference was established. With the infusion of funds, the salary issue and various athletic department budgeting issues at ASU were addressed. The Pac-12's new media contract with ESPN allowed ASU to hire a new coach in 2012. A new salary and bonus package (maximum bonus of $2.05 million) was instituted and is one of the most lucrative in the conference. ASU also plans to expand its athletic facilities with a public-private investment strategy to create an amateur sports district that can accommodate the Pan American Games and operate as an Olympic Training Center. The athletic district will include a $300 million renovation of Sun Devil Stadium that will include new football facilities. The press box and football offices in Sun Devil Stadium were remodeled in 2012.
Arizona State Sun Devils football was founded in 1896 under coach Fred Irish. The team has played in the 2012 Fight Hunger Bowl, the 2011 Las Vegas bowl, the 2016 Cactus Bowl, and the 2007 Holiday Bowl. The Sun Devils played in the 1997 Rose Bowl and won the Rose Bowl in 1987. The team has appeared in the Fiesta Bowl in 1983, 1977, 1975, 1973, 1972, and 1971 winning 5 of 6. In 1970, and 1975, they were champions of the NCAA Division I FBS National Football Championship. The Sun Devils were Pac-12 Champions in 1986, 1996, and 2007. Altogether, the football team has 17 Conference Championships and has participated in a total of 29 bowl games as of the 2015–2016 season with a 14–14–1 record in those games.
ASU Sun Devils Hockey competed with NCAA Division 1 schools for the first time in 2012, largely due to the success of the program. In 2016, they began as a full-time Division I team.
Eight members of ASU's Women's Swimming and Diving Team were selected to the Pac-10 All-Academic Team on April 5, 2010. In addition, five member of ASU's Men's Swimming and Diving Team were selected to the Pac-10 All-Academic Team on April 6, 2010.
In April 2015, Bobby Hurley was hired as the men's basketball coach, replacing Herb Sendek. Previously, Hurley was the head coach at the University at Buffalo for the UB Bulls as well as an assistant coach at Rhode Island and Wagner University.
In 2015, Bob Bowman was hired as the head swim coach. Previously, Bowman trained Michael Phelps through his Olympic career.
As of Fall 2015, ASU students, including those enrolled in online courses, may avail of a free ticket to all ASU athletic events upon presentation of a valid student ID and reserving one online through their ASU and Ticketmaster account. Tickets may be limited or not available in the 2020–2021 and 2021–2022 school years due to the COVID-19 Pandemic.
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Arizona State University
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Alumni
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Alumni
Arizona State University has produced more than 600,000 alumni worldwide. The Arizona State University Alumni Association is on the Tempe campus in Old Main.
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Arizona State University
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Political figures
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Political figures
thumb|upright=0.7|left|Carl Hayden
thumb|right|upright=0.7|Barbara Barrett
The university has produced many notable figures over its 125-year history, including influential U.S. senator Carl Hayden. Barbara Barrett, who served as U.S. Ambassador to Finland under President George W. Bush and served under President Donald Trump as the Secretary of the U.S. Air Force, attained her bachelor's, master's, and law degrees from ASU.
Other notable alumni include nine current or former U.S. Representatives, including Barry Goldwater Jr., Ed Pastor, and Matt Salmon. Arizona governors Doug Ducey and Jane Dee Hull attended ASU. Peterson Zah, who was the first Navajo Nation president and the last chairman of the Navajo Nation, is also an alumnus of ASU.
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Arizona State University
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Business leaders
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Business leaders
Ira A. Fulton, philanthropist and founder of Fulton Homes and Kate Spade, namesake and cofounder of Kate Spade New York, attended ASU. Alumnus Kevin Warren is the COO of the Minnesota Vikings, and the highest ranking African-American executive working on the business side of an NFL team.
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Arizona State University
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Athletes
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Athletes
thumb|left|upright=0.7|Pat Tillman
Many world renowned athletes have attended the school, including Silver Star recipient Pat Tillman, who left his National Football League career to enlist in the United States Army in the aftermath of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. World Golf Hall of Fame member Phil Mickelson, Baseball Hall of Fame member Reggie Jackson, Major League Baseball home run king Barry Bonds, National Basketball Association All-Star James Harden, and 2011 NFL Defensive Player of the Year Terrell Suggs are all alumni of ASU. ASU alumni enshrined in the Pro Football Hall of Fame include: Curley Culp, Mike Haynes, John Henry Johnson, Randall McDaniel, and Charley Taylor.
thumb|right|upright=0.7|James Harden
Other notable athletes that attended ASU are: Major League Baseball All-Stars Ian Kinsler, Dustin Pedroia, Sal Bando, and Paul Lo Duca; National Basketball Association All-Stars Lionel Hollins and Fat Lever, and NBA All-Star coach Byron Scott; National Football League Pro Bowl selections Jake Plummer and Danny White; 2021 U.S. Open champion golfer Jon Rahm and three-time Olympic gold medalist swimmers Melissa Belote and Jan Henne, and two-time Olympian and double-Olympic gold medalist Megan Jendrick.
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Arizona State University
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Actors, artists, comedians, commentators, and writers
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Actors, artists, comedians, commentators, and writers
Celebrities who have attended ASU include: Jimmy Kimmel Live! host Jimmy Kimmel; Steve Allen, who was the original host of The Tonight Show; Academy Award-nominated actor Nick Nolte; 11-Time Grammy Award winning singer Linda Ronstadt; Saturday Night Live and Tommy Boy actor David Spade; Wonder Woman actress Lynda Carter; and Road to Perdition actor Tyler Hoechlin. Influential writers and novelists include: Allison DuBois, whose novels and work inspired the TV miniseries Medium; novelist Amanda Brown; and best-selling author and Doctor of Animal Science Temple Grandin.
Journalists and commentators include former Monday Night Football announcer, and Sunday Night Football announcer Al Michaels, and writer and cartoonist Jerry Dumas, who is best known for his Sam and Silo comic strip. Radio host Michael Reagan, the son of President Ronald Reagan and actress Jane Wyman, also briefly attended. Conservative author, commentator, and popular historian Larry Schweikart, known nationally for writing the New York Times bestseller A Patriot's History of the United States, attended ASU for his bachelor's and master's degrees.
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Arizona State University
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Faculty
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Faculty
thumb|upright=0.7|Elinor Ostrom
thumb|upright=0.7|David Kilcullen
thumb|upright=0.7|Donald Johanson
ASU faculty have included former CNN host Aaron Brown, Academic Claude Olney, meta-analysis developer Gene V. Glass, feminist and author Gloria Feldt, physicist Paul Davies, and Pulitzer Prize winner and The Ants coauthor Bert Hölldobler. David Kilcullen, a counterinsurgency theorist, is a professor of practice. Donald Johanson, who discovered the 3.18 million year old fossil hominid Lucy (Australopithecus) in Ethiopia, is also a professor, as well as George Poste, Chief Scientist for the Complex Adaptive Systems Initiative. Former US senator Jeff Flake was appointed as a distinguished dean fellow on December 2, 2020. Nobel laureate faculty include Leland Hartwell, and Edward C. Prescott. On June 12, 2012, Elinor Ostrom, ASU's third Nobel laureate, died at the age of 78.
ASU faculty's achievements include:
5 Nobel laureates
3 members of the Royal Society
24 National Academy members
7 Pulitzer Prize winners
5 Sloan Research Fellows
37 Guggenheim Fellows
250 Fulbright American Scholars
5 MacArthur Fellow
23 members of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
9 members of the National Academy of Engineering
143 National Endowment for the Humanities fellows
65 American Association for the Advancement of Science Fellows
2 members of the Institute of Medicine
8 Presidential Early Career Awards for Scientists and Engineers
8 American Council of Learned Societies Fellows
34 IEEE Fellows
19 Alexander Von Humboldt Foundation Prize Winners
1 Recipient of the Rockefeller Fellowship
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Arizona State University
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Presidential visits
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Presidential visits
Arizona State University has been visited by nine United States presidents. President Theodore Roosevelt was the first president to visit campus, speaking on the steps of Old Main on March 20, 1911, while in Arizona to dedicate the Roosevelt Dam. President Lyndon B. Johnson spoke at ASU's Grady Gammage Memorial Auditorium on January 29, 1972, at a memorial service for ASU alumnus Senator Carl T. Hayden. Future president Gerald R. Ford debated Senator Albert Gore, Sr. at Grady Gammage Memorial Auditorium on April 28, 1968, and Ford returned to the same building as a former president to give a lecture on February 24, 1984. President Jimmy Carter visited Arizona PBS at ASU's Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication on July 31, 2015, to promote a memoir. Future president Ronald Reagan gave a political speech at the school's Memorial Union in 1957, and returned to campus as a former president on March 20, 1989, delivering his first ever post-presidential speech at ASU's Wells Fargo Arena. President George H. W. Bush gave a lecture at Wells Fargo Arena on May 5, 1998.
President Bill Clinton became the first sitting president to visit ASU on October 31, 1996, speaking on the Grady Gammage Memorial Auditorium lawn. He returned to ASU in 2006, and in 2014, President Clinton, Hillary Clinton, and Chelsea Clinton came to campus to host the Clinton Global Initiative University. President George W. Bush became the second sitting president to visit the school's campus when he debated Senator John Kerry at the university's Grady Gammage Memorial Auditorium on October 13, 2004. President Barack Obama visited ASU as sitting president on May 13, 2009. President Obama delivered the commencement speech for the Spring 2009 Commencement Ceremony. President Obama had previously visited the school as a United States senator. President Richard Nixon did not visit ASU as president, but visited Phoenix as president on October 31, 1970, at an event that included a performance by the Arizona State University Band, which President Nixon acknowledged. As part of President Nixon's remarks, he stated that, "when I am in Arizona, Arizona State is number one."
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Arizona State University
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See also
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See also
KAET (channel 8), a PBS member station owned by Arizona State University.
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Arizona State University
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Notes
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Notes
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Arizona State University
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References
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References
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Arizona State University
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External links
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External links
Category:1885 establishments in Arizona Territory
Category:Arizona State Sun Devils
Category:Universities and colleges established in 1885
Category:Natural Science Collections Alliance members
Category:Public universities and colleges in Arizona
Arizona State University
Category:BSL3 laboratories in the United States
Category:Universities and colleges accredited by the Higher Learning Commission
Category:Culture of Tempe, Arizona
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Arizona State University
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Table of Content
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Short description, History, 1885–1929, 1930–1989, 1990–present, Organization and administration, Campuses and locations, Tempe campus, West Valley campus, Polytechnic campus, Downtown Phoenix campus, ASU Online, Other facilities, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, in collaboration with ASU, Barrett & O'Connor Washington Center, Arizona State University in California, ASU Colleges at Lake Havasu City, Academics, Admissions, Academic programs, Rankings, Research and Institutes, Luminosity Lab, Libraries, Sustainability, Traditions, Maroon and gold, Mascot and Spirit Squad, "A" Mountain, Lantern Walk and Homecoming, Victory Bell, Sun Devil Marching Band, Devil Walk and songs of the university, Curtain of Distraction, Student life, Extracurricular programs, Student media, Student government, Athletics, Alumni, Political figures, Business leaders, Athletes, Actors, artists, comedians, commentators, and writers, Faculty, Presidential visits, See also, Notes, References, External links
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April 14
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pp-move
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April 14
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Events
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Events
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April 14
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Pre-1600
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Pre-1600
43 BC – Legions loyal to the Roman Senate, commanded by Gaius Pansa, defeat the forces of Mark Antony in the Battle of Forum Gallorum.
69 – Vitellius, commanding Rhine-based armies, defeats Roman emperor Otho in the First Battle of Bedriacum to take power over Rome.
966 – Following his marriage to the Christian Doubravka of Bohemia, the pagan ruler of the Polans, Mieszko I, converts to Christianity, an event considered to be the founding of the Polish state.
972 – Otto II, Co-Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, marries Byzantine princess Theophanu. She is crowned empress by Pope John XIII in Rome the same day.
1395 – Tokhtamysh–Timur war: At the Battle of the Terek River, Timur defeats the army of the Golden Horde, beginning the khanate's permanent military decline.
1471 – In England, the Yorkists under Edward IV defeat the Lancastrians under the Earl of Warwick at the Battle of Barnet; the Earl is killed and Edward resumes the throne.
1561 – A celestial phenomenon is reported over Nuremberg, described as an aerial battle.
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April 14
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1601–1900
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1601–1900
1639 – Thirty Years' War: Forces of the Holy Roman Empire and Electorate of Saxony are defeated by the Swedes at the Battle of Chemnitz, ending the military effectiveness of the Saxon army for the rest of the war and allowing the Swedes to advance into Bohemia.
1775 – The Society for the Relief of Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage, the first abolition society in North America, is organized in Philadelphia by Benjamin Franklin and Benjamin Rush.
1793 – The French troops led by Léger-Félicité Sonthonax defeat the slaves settlers in the Siege of Port-au-Prince.
1816 – Bussa, a slave in British-ruled Barbados, leads a slave rebellion, for which he is remembered as the country's first national hero.
1849 – Hungary declares itself independent of Austria with Lajos Kossuth as its leader.
1858 – The 1858 Christiania fire severely destroys several city blocks near Stortorvet in Christiania, Norway, and about 1,000 people lose their homes.
1865 – U.S. President Abraham Lincoln is shot in Ford's Theatre by John Wilkes Booth; Lincoln dies the following day.
1865 – William H. Seward, the U.S. Secretary of State, and his family are attacked at home by Lewis Powell.
1881 – The Four Dead in Five Seconds Gunfight occurs in El Paso, Texas.
1890 – The Pan-American Union is founded by the First International Conference of American States in Washington, D.C.
1894 – The first ever commercial motion picture house opens in New York City, United States. It uses ten Kinetoscopes, devices for peep-show viewing of films.
1895 – The 1895 Ljubljana earthquake, both the most and last destructive earthquake in the area, occurs.
1900 – The world's fair Exposition Universelle opens in Paris.|
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April 14
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1901–present
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1901–present
1906 – The first meeting of the Azusa Street Revival, which will launch Pentecostalism as a worldwide movement, is held in Los Angeles.
1908 – Hauser Dam, a steel dam on the Missouri River in Montana, fails, sending a surge of water high downstream.
1909 – Muslims in the Ottoman Empire begin a massacre of Armenians in Adana.
1912 – The British passenger liner hits an iceberg in the North Atlantic and begins to sink.
1929 – The inaugural Monaco Grand Prix takes place in the Principality of Monaco. William Grover-Williams wins driving a Bugatti Type 35.
1931 – The Second Spanish Republic is proclaimed and King Alfonso XIII goes to exile. Meanwhile, in Barcelona, Francesc Macià proclaims the Catalan Republic.
1935 – The Black Sunday dust storm, considered one of the worst storms of the Dust Bowl, sweeps across the Oklahoma and Texas panhandles and neighboring areas.
1940 – World War II: Royal Marines land in Namsos, Norway, preceding a larger force which will arrive two days later.
1941 – World War II: German and Italian forces attack Tobruk, Libya.
1944 – Bombay explosion: A massive explosion in Bombay harbor kills 300 and causes economic damage valued at 20 million pounds.
1945 – Razing of Friesoythe: The 4th Canadian (Armoured) Division deliberately destroys the German town of Friesoythe on the orders of Major General Christopher Vokes.
1958 – The Soviet satellite Sputnik 2 falls from orbit after a mission duration of 162 days. This was the first spacecraft to carry a living animal, a female dog named Laika, who likely lived only a few hours.
1967 – Gnassingbé Eyadéma overthrows Nicolas Grunitzky and installs himself as the new President of Togo, a title he will hold for the next 38 years.
1978 – Tbilisi demonstrations: Thousands of Georgians demonstrate against Soviet attempts to change the constitutional status of the Georgian language.
1979 – The Progressive Alliance of Liberia stages a protest, without a permit, against an increase in rice prices proposed by the government, with clashes between protestors and the police resulting in over 70 deaths and over 500 injuries.
1981 – STS-1: The first operational Space Shuttle, Columbia completes its first test flight.
1986 – The heaviest hailstones ever recorded, each weighing , fall on the Gopalganj district of Bangladesh, killing 92.
1988 – The strikes a mine in the Persian Gulf during Operation Earnest Will.
1988 – In a United Nations ceremony in Geneva, Switzerland, the Soviet Union signs an agreement pledging to withdraw its troops from Afghanistan.
1991 – The Republic of Georgia introduces the post of President following its declaration of independence from the Soviet Union.
1994 – In a friendly fire incident during Operation Provide Comfort in northern Iraq, two U.S. Air Force aircraft mistakenly shoot-down two U.S. Army helicopters, killing 26 people.
1997 – Pai Hsiao-yen, daughter of Taiwanese artiste Pai Bing-bing is kidnapped on her way to school, preceding her murder.
1999 – NATO mistakenly bombs a convoy of ethnic Albanian refugees. Yugoslav officials say 75 people were killed.
1999 – A severe hailstorm strikes Sydney, Australia causing A$2.3 billion in insured damages, the most costly natural disaster in Australian history.
2002 – Venezuelan president Hugo Chávez returns to office two days after being ousted and arrested by the country's military.
2003 – The Human Genome Project is completed with 99% of the human genome sequenced to an accuracy of 99.99%.
2003 – U.S. troops in Baghdad capture Abu Abbas, leader of the Palestinian group that killed an American on the hijacked cruise liner in 1985.
2005 – The Oregon Supreme Court nullifies marriage licenses issued to same-sex couples a year earlier by Multnomah County.
2006 – Twin blasts triggered by crude bombs during Asr prayer in the Jama Masjid mosque in Delhi injure 13 people.Two blasts rock Delhi's Jama Masjid
2014 – Two bombs detonate at a bus station in Nyanya, Nigeria, killing at least 88 people and injuring hundreds. Boko Haram claims responsibility.
2014 – Boko Haram abducts 276 girls from a school in Chibok, Nigeria.
2016 – The foreshock of a major earthquake occurs in Kumamoto, Japan.
2022 – Russian invasion of Ukraine: The Russian warship Moskva sinks.
2023 – The Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE) is launched by the European Space Agency.
2024 – Flooding in the Persian Gulf starts, killing 19 in Oman.
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April 14
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Births
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Births
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April 14
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Pre-1600
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Pre-1600
1126 – Averroes, Andalusian Arab physician and philosopher (d. 1198)
1204 – Henry I, king of Castile (d. 1217)
1331 – Jeanne-Marie de Maille, French Roman Catholic saint (d. 1414)
1527 – Abraham Ortelius, Flemish cartographer and geographer (d. 1598)
1572 – Adam Tanner, Austrian mathematician, philosopher, and academic (d. 1632)
1578 – Philip III of Spain (d. 1621)
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April 14
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1601–1900
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1601–1900
1629 – Christiaan Huygens, Dutch mathematician, astronomer, and physicist (d. 1695)
1669 – Magnus Julius De la Gardie, Swedish general and politician (d. 1741)
1678 – Abraham Darby I, English iron master (d. 1717)
1709 – Charles Collé, French playwright and songwriter (d. 1783)
1714 – Adam Gib, Scottish minister and author (d. 1788)
1738 – William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1809)
1769 – Barthélemy Catherine Joubert, French general (d. 1799)
1773 – Jean-Baptiste de Villèle, French politician, Prime Minister of France (d. 1854)
1788 – David G. Burnet, American politician, 2nd Vice-president of Texas (d. 1870)
1800 – John Appold, English engineer (d. 1865)
1812 – George Grey, Portuguese-New Zealand soldier, explorer, and politician, 11th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1898)
1814 – Dimitri Kipiani, Georgian publicist and author (d. 1887)
1819 – Harriett Ellen Grannis Arey, American educator, author, editor, and publisher (d. 1901)
1827 – Augustus Pitt Rivers, English general, ethnologist, and archaeologist (d. 1900)
1852 – Alexander Greenlaw Hamilton, Australian biologist (d. 1941)
1854 – Martin Lipp, Estonian pastor and poet (d. 1923)
1857 – Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom (d. 1944)
1865 – Alfred Hoare Powell, English architect, and designer and painter of pottery (d. 1960)
1866 – Anne Sullivan, American educator (d. 1936)
1868 – Peter Behrens, German architect, designed the AEG turbine factory (d. 1940)
1870 – Victor Borisov-Musatov, Russian painter and educator (d. 1905)
1870 – Syd Gregory, Australian cricketer and coach (d. 1929)
1872 – Abdullah Yusuf Ali, Indian-English scholar and translator (d. 1953)
1874 – Matti Lonkainen, Finnish politician (d. 1918)
1876 – Cecil Chubb, English barrister and one time owner of Stonehenge (d. 1934)
1881 – Husain Salaahuddin, Maldivian poet and scholar (d. 1948)
1882 – Moritz Schlick, German-Austrian physicist and philosopher (d. 1936)
1886 – Ernst Robert Curtius, German philologist and scholar (d. 1956)
1886 – Árpád Tóth, Hungarian poet and translator (d. 1928)
1889 – Arnold J. Toynbee, English historian and academic (d. 1975)
1891 – B. R. Ambedkar, Indian economist, jurist, and politician, 1st Indian Minister of Law and Justice (d. 1956)
1891 – Otto Lasanen, Finnish wrestler (d. 1958)
1892 – Juan Belmonte, Spanish bullfighter (d. 1962)
1892 – V. Gordon Childe, Australian archaeologist and philologist (d. 1957)
1892 – Claire Windsor, American actress (d. 1972)
1900 – Shivrampant Damle, Indian educationist (d. 1977)
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April 14
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1901–present
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1901–present
1902 – Sylvio Mantha, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and referee (d. 1974)
1903 – Henry Corbin, French philosopher and academic (d. 1978)
1903 – Ruth Svedberg, Swedish discus thrower and triathlete (d. 2002)
1904 – John Gielgud, English actor, director, and producer (d. 2000)
1905 – Elizabeth Huckaby, American author and educator (d. 1999)
1905 – Georg Lammers, German sprinter (d. 1987)
1905 – Jean Pierre-Bloch, French author and activist (d. 1999)
1906 – Faisal of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabian king (d. 1975)
1907 – François Duvalier, Haitian physician and politician, 40th President of Haiti (d. 1971)
1912 – Robert Doisneau, French photographer and journalist (d. 1994)
1912 – Georg Siimenson, Estonian footballer (d. 1978)
1913 – Jean Fournet, French conductor (d. 2008)
1916 – Don Willesee, Australian telegraphist and politician, 29th Australian Minister for Foreign Affairs (d. 2003)
1917 – Valerie Hobson, English actress (d. 1998)
1917 – Marvin Miller, American baseball executive (d. 2012)
1918 – Mary Healy, American actress and singer (d. 2015)
1919 – Shamshad Begum, Pakistani-Indian singer (d. 2013)
1919 – K. Saraswathi Amma, Indian author and playwright (d. 1975)
1920 – Ivor Forbes Guest, English lawyer, historian, and author (d. 2018)
1920 – Eleonore Schönborn, Austrian politician (d. 2022)
1921 – Thomas Schelling, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2016)
1922 – Audrey Long, American actress (d. 2014)
1923 – Roberto De Vicenzo, Argentinian golfer (d. 2017)
1924 – Shorty Rogers, American trumpet player and composer (d. 1994)
1924 – Joseph Ruskin, American actor and producer (d. 2013)
1924 – Mary Warnock, Baroness Warnock, English philosopher, and academic (d. 2019)
1925 – Abel Muzorewa, Zimbabwean minister and politician, 1st Prime Minister of Zimbabwe Rhodesia (d. 2010)
1925 – Rod Steiger, American soldier and actor (d. 2002)
1926 – Barbara Anderson, New Zealand author (d. 2013)
1926 – Frank Daniel, Czech director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1996)
1926 – Gloria Jean, American actress and singer (d. 2018)
1926 – Liz Renay, American actress and author (d. 2007)
1927 – Alan MacDiarmid, New Zealand chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2007)
1927 – Dany Robin, French actress and singer (d. 1995)
1929 – Gerry Anderson, English director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2012)
1929 – Inez Andrews, African-American singer-songwriter (d. 2012)
1930 – Martin Adolf Bormann, German priest and theologian (d. 2013)
1930 – Arnold Burns, American lawyer and politician, 21st United States Deputy Attorney General (d. 2013)
1930 – René Desmaison, French mountaineer (d. 2007)
1930 – Bradford Dillman, American actor and author (d. 2018)
1931 – Geoffrey Dalton, English admiral (d. 2020)
1931 – Paul Masnick, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2024)
1932 – Bill Bennett, Canadian lawyer and politician, 27th Premier of British Columbia (d. 2015)
1932 – Atef Ebeid, Egyptian academic and politician, 47th Prime Minister of Egypt (d. 2014)
1932 – Loretta Lynn, American singer-songwriter and musician (d. 2022)
1932 – Cameron Parker, Scottish businessman and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Renfrewshire
1933 – Paddy Hopkirk, Northern Irish racing driver (d. 2022)
1933 – Boris Strugatsky, Russian author (d. 2012)
1933 – Yuri Oganessian, Armenian-Russian nuclear physicist
1934 – Fredric Jameson, American philosopher and theorist (d. 2024)
1935 – Susan Cunliffe-Lister, Baroness Masham of Ilton, English table tennis player, swimmer, and politician (d. 2023)
1935 – John Oliver, English bishop
1935 – Erich von Däniken, Swiss pseudohistorian and author
1936 – Arlene Martel, American actress and singer (d. 2014)
1936 – Bobby Nichols, American golfer
1936 – Frank Serpico, American-Italian soldier, police officer and lecturer
1937 – Efi Arazi, Israeli businessman, founded the Scailex Corporation (d. 2013)
1937 – Sepp Mayerl, Austrian mountaineer (d. 2012)
1938 – Mahmud Esad Coşan, Turkish author and academic (d. 2001)
1938 – Ralph Willis, Australian politicianBill Hayden (1996), Hayden: An autobiography, Angus & Robertson, Sydney.
1940 – Julie Christie, Indian-English actress and activist
1940 – David Hope, Baron Hope of Thornes, English archbishop and academic
1940 – Richard Thompson, English physician and academic
1941 – Pete Rose, American baseball player and manager (d. 2024)
1942 – Valeriy Brumel, Soviet high jumper (d. 2003)
1942 – Valentin Lebedev, Russian engineer and astronaut
1942 – Björn Rosengren, Swedish politician, Swedish Minister of Enterprise and Innovation
1944 – John Sergeant, English journalist
1945 – Ritchie Blackmore, English guitarist and songwriter
1945 – Roger Frappier, Canadian producer, director and screenwriter
1946 – Mireille Guiliano, French-American author
1946 – Michael Sarris, Cypriot economist and politician, Cypriot Minister of Finance
1946 – Knut Kristiansen, Norwegian pianist and orchestra leader
1947 – Dominique Baudis, French journalist and politician (d. 2014)
1947 – Bob Massie, Australian cricketer
1948 – Berry Berenson, American model, actress, and photographer (d. 2001)
1948 – Anastasios Papaligouras, Greek lawyer and politician, Greek Minister of Justice
1949 – Dave Gibbons, English author and illustrator
1949 – DeAnne Julius, American-British economist and academic
1949 – Chris Langham, English actor and screenwriter
1949 – Chas Mortimer, English motorcycle racer
1949 – John Shea, American actor and director
1950 – Francis Collins, American physician and geneticist
1950 – Péter Esterházy, Hungarian author (d. 2016)
1951 – Milija Aleksic, English footballer (d. 2012)
1951 – José Eduardo González Navas, Spanish politician
1951 – Julian Lloyd Webber, English cellist, conductor, and educator
1951 – Elizabeth Symons, Baroness Symons of Vernham Dean, English politician
1952 – Kenny Aaronson, American bass player
1952 – Mickey O'Sullivan, Irish footballer and manager
1952 – David Urquhart, Scottish bishop
1954 – Katsuhiro Otomo, Japanese director, screenwriter, and illustrator
1956 – Boris Šprem, Croatian lawyer and politician, 8th President of Croatian Parliament (d. 2012)
1957 – Lothaire Bluteau, Canadian actor
1957 – Bobbi Brown, American make-up artist and author
1957 – Marc Platt, American producer
1957 – Mikhail Pletnev, Russian pianist, composer, and conductor
1958 – Peter Capaldi, Scottish actor
1958 – Jim Smith, English musician
1959 – Steve Byrnes, American sportscaster and producer (d. 2015)
1959 – Marie-Thérèse Fortin, Canadian actress
1960 – Brad Garrett, American actor and comedian
1960 – Myoma Myint Kywe, Burmese historian and journalist (d. 2021)
1960 – Osamu Sato, Japanese graphic artist, programmer, and composer
1960 – Tina Rosenberg, American journalist and authorElizabeth C. Clarage & Elizabeth A. Brennan, Who's who of Pulitzer Prize winners, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999, p. 277.
1960 – Pat Symcox, South African cricketer
1961 – Robert Carlyle, Scottish actor and director
1962 – Guillaume Leblanc, Canadian athlete
1964 – Brian Adams, American wrestler (d. 2007)
1964 – Jeff Andretti, American race car driver
1964 – Jim Grabb, American tennis player
1964 – Jeff Hopkins, Welsh international footballer and manager
1964 – Gina McKee, English actress
1965 – Tom Dey, American director and producer
1965 – Alexandre Jardin, French author
1965 – Craig McDermott, Australian cricketer and coach
1966 – André Boisclair, Canadian lawyer and politician
1966 – Jan Boklöv, Swedish ski jumper
1966 – David Justice, American baseball player and sportscaster
1966 – Greg Maddux, American baseball player, coach, and manager
1967 – Nicola Berti, Italian international footballer
1967 – Barrett Martin, American drummer, songwriter, and producer
1967 – Julia Zemiro, French-Australian actress, comedian, singer and writer
1968 – Anthony Michael Hall, American actor
1969 – Brad Ausmus, American baseball player and manager
1969 – Martyn LeNoble, Dutch-American bass player
1969 – Vebjørn Selbekk, Norwegian journalist
1970 – Shizuka Kudo, Japanese singer and actress
1971 – Miguel Calero, Colombian footballer and manager (d. 2012)
1971 – Carlos Pérez, Dominican-American baseball player
1971 – Gregg Zaun, American baseball player and sportscaster
1972 – Paul Devlin, English-Scottish footballer and manager
1972 – Roberto Mejía, Dominican baseball player
1972 – Dean Potter, American rock climber and BASE jumper (d. 2015)
1973 – Roberto Ayala, Argentinian footballer
1973 – Adrien Brody, American actor
1973 – Hidetaka Suehiro, Japanese video game director and writer
1973 – David Miller, American tenor
1974 – Da Brat, American rapper
1975 – Lita, American wrestler
1975 – Luciano Almeida, Brazilian footballer
1975 – Avner Dorman, Israeli-American composer and academic
1975 – Anderson Silva, Brazilian mixed martial artist and boxer
1976 – Christian Älvestam, Swedish singer-songwriter and guitarist
1976 – Georgina Chapman, English model, actress, and fashion designer, co-founded Marchesa
1976 – Anna DeForge, American basketball player
1976 – Kyle Farnsworth, American baseball player
1976 – Nadine Faustin-Parker, Haitian hurdler
1976 – Jason Wiemer, Canadian ice hockey player
1977 – Nate Fox, American basketball player (d. 2014)
1977 – Martin Kaalma, Estonian footballer
1977 – Sarah Michelle Gellar, American actress and producer
1977 – Rob McElhenney, American actor, producer, and screenwriter
1977 – Luke Priddis, Australian rugby league playerRugby League Project
1978 – Roland Lessing, Estonian biathlete
1979 – David Crisafulli, Australian politician, 41st Premier of Queensland
1979 – Rebecca DiPietro, American wrestler and model
1979 – Marios Elia, Cypriot footballer
1979 – Ross Filipo, New Zealand rugby player
1979 – Noé Pamarot, French footballer
1979 – Kerem Tunçeri, Turkish basketball player
1980 – Win Butler, American-Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
1980 – Jeremy Smith, New Zealand rugby league player
1981 – Mustafa Güngör, German rugby player
1981 – Amy Leach, English director and producer
1982 – Uğur Boral, Turkish footballer
1982 – Larissa França, Brazilian volleyball player
1983 – Simona La Mantia, Italian triple jumper
1983 – James McFadden, Scottish footballer
1983 – William Obeng, Ghanaian-American football player
1983 – Nikoloz Tskitishvili, Georgian basketball player
1984 – Blake Costanzo, American football player
1984 – Charles Hamelin, Canadian speed skater
1984 – Harumafuji Kōhei, Mongolian sumo wrestler, the 70th Yokozuna
1984 – Tyler Thigpen, American football player
1986 – Matt Derbyshire, English footballer
1987 – Michael Baze, American jockey (d. 2011)
1987 – Erwin Hoffer, Austrian footballer
1987 – Wilson Kiprop, Kenyan runner
1988 – Eric Gryba, Canadian ice hockey player
1988 – Eliška Klučinová, Czech heptathlete
1988 – Brad Sinopoli, Canadian football player
1988 – Anthony Modeste, French footballer
1989 – Joe Haden, American football player
1995 – Baker Mayfield, American football player
1995 – Georgie Friedrichs, Australian rugby sevens player
1996 – Abigail Breslin, American actress
1997 – D. J. Moore, American football player
1999 – Chase Young, American football player
2000 – Patrick Surtain II, American football player
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April 14
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Deaths
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Deaths
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April 14
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Pre-1600
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Pre-1600
911 – Pope Sergius III, pope of the Roman Catholic Church
1070 – Gerard, Duke of Lorraine (b. c. 1030)
1099 – Conrad, Bishop of Utrecht (b. before 1040)
1132 – Mstislav I of Kiev (b. 1076)
1279 – Bolesław the Pious, Duke of Greater Poland (b. 1224)
1322 – Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere, English soldier and politician, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports (b. 1275)
1345 – Richard de Bury, English bishop and politician, Lord Chancellor of The United Kingdom (b. 1287)
1424 – Lucia Visconti, English countess (b. 1372)
1433 – Lidwina, Dutch saint (b. 1380)
1471 – Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, English nobleman, known as "the Kingmaker" (b. 1428)
1471 – John Neville, 1st Marquess of Montagu (b. 1431)
1480 – Thomas de Spens, Scottish statesman and prelate (b. c. 1415)
1488 – Girolamo Riario, Lord of Imola and Forli (b. 1443)
1574 – Louis of Nassau (b. 1538)
1578 – James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell, English husband of Mary, Queen of Scots (b. 1534)
1587 – Edward Manners, 3rd Earl of Rutland (b. 1548)
1599 – Henry Wallop, English politician (b. 1540)
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April 14
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1601–1900
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1601–1900
1609 – Gasparo da Salò, Italian violin maker (b. 1540)
1649 – Tomás Treviño de Sobremonte, crypto-Jewish martyr
1662 – William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele, English politician (b. 1582)
1682 – Avvakum, Russian priest and saint (b. 1620)
1721 – Michel Chamillart, French politician, Controller-General of Finances (b. 1652)
1740 – Lady Catherine Jones, English philanthropist (b. 1672)
1759 – George Frideric Handel, German-English organist and composer (b. 1685)
1785 – William Whitehead, English poet and playwright (b. 1715)
1792 – Maximilian Hell, Slovak-Hungarian astronomer and priest (b. 1720)
1843 – Joseph Lanner, Austrian violinist and composer (b. 1801)
1864 – Charles Lot Church, American-Canadian politician (b. 1777)
1886 – Anna Louisa Geertruida Bosboom-Toussaint, Dutch novelist (b. 1812)
1888 – Emil Czyrniański, Polish chemist (b. 1824)
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April 14
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1901–present
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1901–present
1910 – Mikhail Vrubel, Russian painter and sculptor (b. 1856)
1911 – Addie Joss, American baseball player and journalist (b. 1880)
1911 – Henri Elzéar Taschereau, Canadian lawyer and jurist, 4th Chief Justice of Canada (b. 1836)
1912 – Henri Brisson, French politician, 50th Prime Minister of France (b. 1835)
1914 – Hubert Bland, English activist, co-founded the Fabian Society (b. 1855)
1916 – Gina Krog, Norwegian suffragist and women's rights activist (b. 1847)
1917 – L. L. Zamenhof, Polish physician and linguist, created Esperanto (b. 1859)
1919 – Auguste-Réal Angers, Canadian judge and politician, 6th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec (b. 1837)
1925 – John Singer Sargent, American painter (b. 1856)
1930 – Vladimir Mayakovsky, Georgian-Russian actor, playwright, and poet (b. 1893)
1931 – Richard Armstedt, German philologist, historian, and educator (b. 1851)
1935 – Emmy Noether, German-American mathematician and academic (b. 1882)
1938 – Gillis Grafström, Swedish figure skater and architect (b. 1893)
1943 – Yakov Dzhugashvili, Georgian-Russian lieutenant (b. 1907)
1950 – Ramana Maharshi, Indian guru and philosopher (b. 1879)
1951 – Al Christie, Canadian-American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1881)
1962 – M. Visvesvaraya, Indian engineer and scholar (b. 1860)
1963 – Rahul Sankrityayan, Indian monk and historian (b. 1893)
1964 – Tatyana Afanasyeva, Russian-Dutch mathematician and theorist (b. 1876)
1964 – Rachel Carson, American biologist and author (b. 1907)
1968 – Al Benton, American baseball player (b. 1911)
1969 – Matilde Muñoz Sampedro, Spanish actress (b. 1900)
1975 – Günter Dyhrenfurth, German-Swiss mountaineer, geologist, and explorer (b. 1886)
1975 – Fredric March, American actor (b. 1897)
1976 – José Revueltas, Mexican author and activist (b. 1914)
1978 – Joe Gordon, American baseball player and manager (b. 1915)
1978 – F. R. Leavis, English educator and critic (b. 1895)
1983 – Pete Farndon, English bassist (The Pretenders) (b. 1952)
1983 – Gianni Rodari, Italian journalist and author (b. 1920)
1983 – Ben Dunne, founder of Dunnes Stores (b. 1908)
1986 – Simone de Beauvoir, French novelist and philosopher (b. 1908)
1990 – Thurston Harris, American singer (b. 1931)
1990 – Olabisi Onabanjo, Nigerian politician, 3rd Governor of Ogun State (b. 1927)
1991 – Randolfo Pacciardi, centre-left Italian politician (b. 1899)
1992 – Irene Greenwood, Australian radio broadcaster and feminist and peace activist (b. 1898)
1994 – Salimuzzaman Siddiqui, Pakistani chemist and scholar (b. 1897)
1995 – Burl Ives, American actor, folk singer, and writer (b. 1909)
1999 – Ellen Corby, American actress and screenwriter (b. 1911)
1999 – Anthony Newley, English singer-songwriter and actor (b. 1931)
1999 – Bill Wendell, American television announcer (b. 1924)
2000 – Phil Katz, American computer programmer, co-created the zip file format (b. 1962)
2000 – August R. Lindt, Swiss lawyer and politician (b. 1905)
2000 – Wilf Mannion, English footballer (b. 1918)
2001 – Jim Baxter, Scottish footballer (b. 1939)
2001 – Hiroshi Teshigahara, Japanese director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1927)
2003 – Jyrki Otila, Finnish politician (b. 1941)
2004 – Micheline Charest, English-Canadian television producer, co-founded the Cookie Jar Group (b. 1953)
2006 – Mahmut Bakalli, Kosovo politician (b. 1936)
2007 – June Callwood, Canadian journalist, author, and activist (b. 1924)
2007 – Don Ho, American singer and ukulele player (b. 1930)
2007 – René Rémond, French historian and economist (b. 1918)
2008 – Tommy Holmes, American baseball player and manager (b. 1917)
2008 – Ollie Johnston, American animator and voice actor (b. 1912)
2009 – Maurice Druon, French author (b. 1918)
2010 – Israr Ahmed, Pakistani theologian and scholar (b. 1932)
2010 – Alice Miller, Polish-French psychologist and author (b. 1923)
2010 – Peter Steele, American singer-songwriter and bass player (b. 1962)
2011 – Jean Gratton, Canadian Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1924)
2012 – Émile Bouchard, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1919)
2012 – Jonathan Frid, Canadian actor (b. 1924)
2012 – Piermario Morosini, Italian footballer (b. 1986)
2013 – Efi Arazi, Israeli businessman, founded the Scailex Corporation (b. 1937)
2013 – Colin Davis, English conductor and educator (b. 1927)
2013 – R. P. Goenka, Indian businessman, founded RPG Group (b. 1930)
2013 – George Jackson, American singer-songwriter (b. 1945)
2013 – Armando Villanueva, Peruvian politician, 121st Prime Minister of Peru (b. 1915)
2013 – Charlie Wilson, American politician (b. 1943)
2014 – Nina Cassian, Romanian poet and critic (b. 1924)
2014 – Crad Kilodney, American-Canadian author (b. 1948)
2014 – Wally Olins, English businessman and academic (b. 1930)
2014 – Mick Staton, American soldier and politician (b. 1940)
2015 – Klaus Bednarz, German journalist and author (b. 1942)
2015 – Mark Reeds, Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach (b. 1960)
2015 – Percy Sledge, American singer (b. 1940)
2015 – Roberto Tucci, Italian cardinal and theologian (b. 1921)
2019 – Bibi Andersson, Swedish actress (b.1935)
2020 – Carol D'Onofrio, American public health researcher (b. 1936)
2021 – Bernie Madoff, American mastermind of the world's largest Ponzi scheme (b. 1938)
2022 – Mike Bossy, Canadian ice hockey player and sportscaster (b. 1957)
2022 – Ilkka Kanerva, Finnish politician (b. 1948)
2022 – Orlando Julius, Nigerian saxophonist, singer (b. 1943)
2023 – Mark Sheehan, Irish guitarist (The Script) (b. 1976)
2024 – Ken Holtzman, American baseball player (b. 1945)
2025 – Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, Malaysian civil servant and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Malaysia (b. 1939)Former PM Abdullah Ahmad Badawi passes away
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April 14
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Holidays and observances
|
Holidays and observances
Ambedkar Jayanti (India)
Bengali New Year (Bangladesh)
Black Day (South Korea)
Cake and Cunnilingus Day
Christian feast day:
Anthony, John, and Eustathius
Bénézet
Henry Beard Delany (U.S. Episcopal Church)
Domnina of Terni
Lidwina
Peter González
Tiburtius, Valerian, and Maximus
April 14 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Commemoration of Anfal Genocide Against the Kurds (Iraqi Kurdistan)
Day of Mologa (Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia)
Day of the Georgian language (Georgia)
Dhivehi Language Day (Maldives)
N'Ko Alphabet Day (Mande speakers)
Pan American Day (several countries in the Americas)
Takayama Spring Festival begins (Takayama, Gifu Prefecture, Japan)
Vaisakhi (Since 2011)
Youth Day (Angola)
World Quantum Day
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April 14
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References
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References
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April 14
|
Sources
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Sources
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April 14
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External links
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External links
BBC: On This Day
Historical Events on April 14
Category:Days of April
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April 14
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Table of Content
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pp-move, Events, Pre-1600, 1601–1900, 1901–present, Births, Pre-1600, 1601–1900, 1901–present, Deaths, Pre-1600, 1601–1900, 1901–present, Holidays and observances, References, Sources, External links
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Astoria, Oregon
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Use mdy dates
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Astoria is a port city in and the county seat of Clatsop County, Oregon, United States. Founded in 1811, Astoria is the oldest city in the state and was the first permanent American settlement west of the Rocky Mountains. The county is the northwest corner of Oregon, and Astoria is located on the south shore of the Columbia River, near where the river flows into the Pacific Ocean. The city is named for John Jacob Astor, an investor and entrepreneur from New York City, whose American Fur Company founded Fort Astoria at the site and established a monopoly in the fur trade in the early 19th century. Astoria was incorporated by the Oregon Legislative Assembly on October 20, 1856. The population was 10,181 at the 2020 census.
The city has a deepwater port, operated by the Port of Astoria, and lies across Youngs Bay from Astoria Regional Airport in Warrenton. Astoria is at the western end of U.S. Route 30 and is served by U.S. Route 101, which travels across the Columbia River on the Astoria–Megler Bridge to neighboring Washington.
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Astoria, Oregon
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History
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History
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Astoria, Oregon
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Prehistoric settlements
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Prehistoric settlements
The present area of Astoria was inhabited by a large, prehistoric Native American trade system of the Columbia Plateau.Rebecca Sedlak (August 2, 2012). "First archaeological dig 'scratches the surface' of Fort Astoria’s history". The Daily Astorian. Retrieved April 29, 2021.Galm, Jerry R., (1989), Prehistoric Trade and Exchange in the Columbia Plateau, Paper presented at the 42nd Annual Northwest Anthropological Conference, Spokane, Washington. Retrieved April 29, 2021.
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Astoria, Oregon
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19th century
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19th century
The Lewis and Clark Expedition spent the winter of 1805–1806 at Fort Clatsop, a small log structure southwest of modern-day Astoria. The expedition had hoped a ship would come by that could take them back east, but instead, they endured a torturous winter of rain and cold. They later returned overland and by internal rivers, the way they had traveled west. During archeological excavations in Astoria and Fort Clatsop in 2012, trading items from American settlers with Native Americans were found, including Austrian glass beads and falconry bells. Today, the fort has been recreated and is part of Lewis and Clark National Historical Park.
In 1811, British explorer David Thompson, the first person known to have navigated the entire length of the Columbia River, reached the partially constructed Fort Astoria near the mouth of the river. He arrived two months after the Pacific Fur Company's ship, the Tonquin. The fort constructed by the Tonquin party established Astoria as a U.S., rather than a British, settlement and became a vital post for American exploration of the continent. It was later used as an American claim in the Oregon boundary dispute with European nations.
The Pacific Fur Company, a subsidiary of John Jacob Astor's American Fur Company, was created to begin fur trading in the Oregon Country. During the War of 1812, in 1813, the company's officers sold its assets to their Canadian rivals, the North West Company, which renamed the site Fort George. The fur trade remained under British control until U.S. pioneers following the Oregon Trail began filtering into the town in the mid-1840s. The Treaty of 1818 established joint U.S. – British occupancy of the Oregon Country.
thumb | alt=A grayscale ink illustration of a city of simple buildings, with pine trees throughout and the Columbia river dominating the background|Astoria in 1882, looking east towards Tongue Point
Washington Irving, a prominent American writer with a European reputation, was approached by John Jacob Astor to mythologize the three-year reign of his Pacific Fur Company. Astoria (1835), written while Irving was Astor's guest, promoted the importance of the region in the American psyche.In his introduction to the rambling work, Irving reports that Astor explicitly "expressed a regret that the true nature and extent of his enterprizeand its national character and importance had never been understood." In Irving's words, the fur traders were "Sinbads of the wilderness", and their venture was a staging point for the spread of American economic power into both the continental interior and outward in Pacific trade.
In 1846, the Oregon Treaty divided the mainland at the 49th parallel north, making Astoria officially part of the United States.
As the Oregon Territory grew and became increasingly more colonized by Americans, Astoria likewise grew as a port city near the mouth of the great river that provided the easiest access to the interior. The first U.S. post office west of the Rocky Mountains was established in Astoria in 1847 and official state incorporation in 1876.
thumb|An Astoria salmon cannery
Astoria attracted a host of immigrants beginning in the late 19th century: Nordic settlers, primarily Swedes, Swedish-speaking Finns, and Chinese soon became larger parts of the population. The Nordic settlers mostly lived in Uniontown, near the present-day end of the Astoria–Megler Bridge, and took fishing jobs; the Chinese tended to do cannery work, and usually lived either downtown or in bunkhouses near the canneries. By the late 1800s, 22% of Astoria's population was Chinese. Astoria also had a significant population of Indians, especially Sikhs from Punjab; the Ghadar Party, a political movement among Indians on the West Coast of the U.S. and Canada to overthrow British rule in India, was officially founded on July 15, 1913, in Astoria.
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Astoria, Oregon
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20th and 21st centuries
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20th and 21st centuries
In 1883, and again in 1922, downtown Astoria was devastated by fire, partly because the buildings were constructed mostly of wood, a readily available material. The buildings were entirely raised off the marshy ground on wooden pilings. Even after the first fire, the same building format was used. In the second fire, flames spread quickly again, and the collapsing streets took out the water system. Frantic citizens resorted to dynamite, blowing up entire buildings to create fire stops.
Panoramic views of Astoria in the early 20th century frameless|85px
thumb|alt=Port of Astoria|Port of Astoria
Astoria has served as a port of entry for over a century and remains the trading center for the lower Columbia basin. In the early 1900s, the Callendar Navigation Company was an important transportation and maritime concern based in the city. It has long since been eclipsed in importance by Portland, Oregon, and Seattle, Washington, as economic hubs on the coast of the Pacific Northwest. Astoria's economy centered on fishing, fish processing, and lumber. In 1945, about 30 canneries could be found along the Columbia River.
In the early 20th century, the North Pacific Brewing Company contributed substantially to the economic well-being of the town. Before 1902, the company was owned by John Kopp, who sold the firm to a group of five men, one of whom was Charles Robinson, who became the company's president in 1907. The main plant for the brewery was located on East Exchange Street.
As the Pacific salmon resource diminished, canneries were closed. In 1974, the Bumble Bee Seafoods corporation moved its headquarters out of Astoria and gradually reduced its presence until closing its last Astoria cannery in 1980. The lumber industry likewise declined in the late 20th century. Astoria Plywood Mill, the city's largest employer, closed in 1989. The Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway discontinued service to Astoria in 1996, as it did not provide a large enough market.
thumb|Astoria-Megler Bridge
From 1921 to 1966, a ferry route across the Columbia River connected Astoria with Pacific County, Washington. In 1966, the Astoria–Megler Bridge was opened. The bridge completed U.S. Route 101 and linked Astoria with Washington on the opposite shore of the Columbia, replacing the ferry service.
Today, tourism, Astoria's growing art scene, and light manufacturing are the main economic activities of the city. Logging and fishing persist, but at a fraction of their former levels. Since 1982 it has been a port of call for cruise ships, after the city and port authority spent $10 million in pier improvements to accommodate these larger ships.
To avoid Mexican ports of call during the swine flu outbreak of 2009, many cruises were rerouted to include Astoria. The floating residential community MS The World visited Astoria in June 2009.
The town's seasonal sport fishing tourism has been active for several decades. Visitors attracted by heritage tourism and the historic elements of the city have supplanted fishing in the economy. Since the early 21st century, the microbrewery/brewpub scene and a weekly street market have helped popularize the area as a destination.
thumb|upright|alt=Astoria Column|The Astoria Column
In addition to the replicated Fort Clatsop, another point of interest is the Astoria Column, a tower high, built atop Coxcomb Hill above the town. Its inner circular staircase allows visitors to climb to see a panoramic view of the town, the surrounding lands, and the Columbia flowing into the Pacific. The tower was built in 1926. Financing was provided by the Great Northern Railway, seeking to encourage tourists, and Vincent Astor, a great-grandson of John Jacob Astor, in commemoration of the city's role in the family's business history and the region's early history.
Since 1998, artistically inclined fishermen and women from Alaska and the Pacific Northwest have traveled to Astoria for the Fisher Poets Gathering, where poets and singers tell their tales to honor the fishing industry and lifestyle.
Another popular annual event is the Dark Arts Festival, which features music, art, dance, and demonstrations of craft such as blacksmithing and glassblowing, in combination with offerings of a large array of dark craft brews. Dark Arts Festival began as a small gathering at a community arts space. Now Fort George Brewery hosts the event, which draws hundreds of visitors and tour buses from Seattle.
Astoria is the western terminus of the TransAmerica Bicycle Trail, a coast-to-coast bicycle touring route created in 1976 by the Adventure Cycling Association.
At least two United States Coast Guard cutters: the David Duren and Elm, are homeported in Astoria.
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Astoria, Oregon
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Geography
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Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which are covered by water.
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Astoria, Oregon
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Climate
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Climate
Astoria lies within the Mediterranean climate zone (Köppen Csb), with cool winters and mild summers, although short heat waves can occur. Rainfall is most abundant in late fall and winter and is lightest in July and August, averaging about of rain each year. Snowfall is relatively rare, averaging under a year and frequently having none. Nevertheless, when conditions are ripe, significant snowfalls can occur.
Astoria's monthly average humidity is always over 80% throughout the year, with average monthly humidity reaching a high of 84% from November to March, with a low of 81% during May. The average relative humidity in Astoria is 89% in the morning and 73% in the afternoon.
thumb|Astoria city view
Annually, an average of only 4.2 afternoons have temperatures reaching or higher, and readings are rare. Normally, only one or two nights per year occur when the temperature remains at or above . An average of 31 mornings have minimum temperatures at or below the freezing mark. The record high temperature was on July 1, 1942, and June 27, 2021. The record low temperature was on December 8, 1972, and on December 21, 1990. Even with such a cold record low, afternoons usually remain mild in winter. On average, the coldest daytime high is whereas the lowest daytime maximum on record is . Even during brief heat spikes, nights remain cool. The warmest overnight low is set in May 2008. Nights close to that record are common with the normally warmest night of the year being at .
On average, 191 days have measurable precipitation. The wettest "water year", defined as October 1 through September 30 of the next year, was from 1915 to 1916 with and the driest from 2000 to 2001 with . The most rainfall in one month was in December 1933, and the most in 24 hours was on November 25, 1998. The most snowfall in one month was in January 1950, and the most snow in 24 hours was on December 11, 1922.
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Astoria, Oregon
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Demographics
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Demographics
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Astoria, Oregon
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2010 census
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2010 census
As of the 2010 census, 9,477 people, 4,288 households, and 2,274 families were residing in the city. The population density was . The 4,980 housing units had an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 89.2% White, 0.6% African American, 1.1% Native American, 1.8% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 3.9% from other races, and 3.3% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 9.8% of the population.
Of the 4,288 households, 24.6% had children under 18 living with them, 37.9% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 47.0% were not families. About 38.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.1% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.15, and the average family size was 2.86.
The median age in the city was 41.9 years; 20.3% of residents were under 18; 8.6% were between 18 and 24; 24.3% were from 25 to 44; 29.9% were from 45 to 64; and 17.1% were 65 or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.4% male and 51.6% female.
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Astoria, Oregon
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2000 census
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2000 census
As of the 2000 census, 9,813 people, 4,235 households, and 2,469 families resided in the city. The population density was . The 4,858 housing units had an average density of . The racial makeup of the city was 91.08% White, 0.52% Black or African American, 1.14% Native American, 1.94% Asian, 0.19% Pacific Islander, 2.67% from other races, and 2.46% from two or more races. About 5.98% of the population were Hispanics or Latinos of any race.
By ethnicity, 14.2% were German, 11.4% Irish, 10.2% English, 8.3% United States or American, 6.1% Finnish, 5.6% Norwegian, and 5.4% Scottish according to the 2000 United States census.
Of the 4,235 households, 28.8% had children under 18 living with them, 43.5% were married couples living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.7% were not families. About 35.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.26, and the average family size was 2.93.
In the city the age distribution was 24.0% under 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 24.5% from 45 to 64, and 15.9% were 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.3 males. For every 100 females 18 and over, there were 89.9 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $33,011, and for a family was $41,446. Males had a median income of $29,813 versus $22,121 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,759. About 11.6% of families and 15.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.0% of those under 18 and 9.6% of those 65 or over.
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Astoria, Oregon
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Arts and culture
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Arts and culture
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Astoria, Oregon
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Museums and other points of interest
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Museums and other points of interest
thumb|right|The Captain George Flavel House
thumb|Columbia River Maritime Museum
Astoria Riverwalk with Astoria Riverfront Trolley, Uniontown Neighborhood, Columbia River Maritime Museum, Uppertown Firefighters Museum and Pier 39 Astoria
The Astoria Column (the highest point in Astoria) with nearby Cathedral Tree Trail
Heritage Museum, located in the Old City Hall
Fort Astoria, Fort George Brewery
Astor Building, Liberty Theater
Museum of Whimsy, Astoria Sunday Market, Garden of Surging Waves, Astoria City Hall
Oregon Film Museum, Flavel House
Astoria Regional Airport with CGAS Astoria
Fort Stevens, Clatsop Spit, Fort Clatsop and Youngs River Falls
Shanghaied in Astoria is a musical about Astoria's history that has been performed in Astoria every year since 1984.
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Astoria, Oregon
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Government
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Government
thumb|City hall
Astoria operates under a council–manager form of city government. Voters elect four councilors by ward and a mayor, who each serve four-year terms. The mayor and council appoint a city manager to conduct the ordinary business of the city. The current mayor is Sean Fitzpatrick, who took office in January 2023. His predecessor, Bruce Jones, served from 2019 to 2022.
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Astoria, Oregon
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Education
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Education
thumb|alt=High School|Astoria High School
The Astoria School District has four primary and secondary schools, including Astoria High School. Clatsop Community College is the city's two-year college. The city also has a library and many parks with historical significance, plus the second oldest Job Corps facility (Tongue Point Job Corps) in the nation. Tongue Point Job Corps center is the only such location in the country which provides seamanship training.
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Astoria, Oregon
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Media
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Media
The Astorian (formerly The Daily Astorian) is the main newspaper serving Astoria. It was established , in 1873,Newspapers Published in Oregon Oregon Blue Book. Retrieved July 22, 2012. and has been in continuous publication since that time. The Coast River Business Journal is a monthly business magazine covering Astoria, Clatsop County, and the Northwest Oregon coast. It, along with The Astorian, is part of the EO Media Group (formerly the East Oregonian Publishing Company) family of Oregon and Washington newspapers. The local NPR station is KMUN 91.9, and KAST 1370 is a local news-talk radio station.
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Astoria, Oregon
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Filming location
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Filming location
The early 1960s television series Route 66 filmed the episode entitled "One Tiger to a Hill" in Astoria; it was broadcast on September 21, 1962.
In recent popular culture, Astoria is most famous for being the setting of the 1985 film The Goonies, which was filmed on location in the city. Other notable movies filmed in Astoria include Short Circuit, The Black Stallion, Kindergarten Cop, Free Willy, Free Willy 2: The Adventure Home, Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles III, Benji the Hunted, Come See the Paradise, The Ring Two, Into the Wild, The Guardian and Green Room.
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Astoria, Oregon
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Infrastructure
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Infrastructure
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Astoria, Oregon
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Transportation
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Transportation
Astoria is at the intersection of U.S. Route 101, the primary coastal highway in Oregon, and U.S. Route 30, which follows the Columbia River inland to Portland and into Eastern Oregon. The Astoria–Megler Bridge carries U.S. Route 101 across the Columbia River into neighboring Washington state. It opened in 1966 and carries an average of 7,000 vehicles per day. Public transit service within the city is provided by the Sunset Empire Transportation District, which was established in 1993 by the county government. It also operates intercity service that connects to neighboring parts of Northwestern Oregon; other intercity connections include the Pacific Transit System, which runs a bus from Astoria to Ilwaco, Washington.
The Port of Astoria was established in 1910 and operates cargo and recreational facilities on the Columbia River. It also manages the Astoria Regional Airport in Warrenton, which opened in 1935 and is also used by Coast Guard Air Station Astoria. Passenger service from Astoria Regional Airport to Portland International Airport was briefly operated by SeaPort Airlines until it ceased service in 2011.
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Astoria, Oregon
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Notable people
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Notable people
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Astoria, Oregon
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In popular culture
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In popular culture
thumb|alt=old Clatsop County Jail|Oregon Film Museum, formerly old Clatsop County Jail, used in first scene of The Goonies.
Actor Clark Gable is claimed to have begun his career at the Astoria Theatre in 1922.
Leroy E. "Ed" Parsons, called the "Father of Cable Television", developed one of the first community antenna television stations (CATV) in the United States in Astoria starting in 1948.
The fourth album of the pop punk band The Ataris was titled So Long, Astoria as an allusion to The Goonies. A song of the same title is the album's first track. The album's back cover features news clippings from Astoria, including a picture of the port's water tower from a 2002 article on its demolition.
The pop punk band Marianas Trench has an album titled Astoria. The band states the album was inspired by 1980s fantasy and adventure films, and The Goonies in particular. That film inspired the title, as it was set in Astoria, the album's artwork, as well as the title of their accompanying US tour (Hey You Guys!!).
The film Green Room prominently featured Astoria and the areas surrounding Portland.
thumb|USS Astoria
Two U.S. Navy cruisers were named USS Astoria: A New Orleans-class heavy cruiser (CA-34) and a Cleveland class light cruiser (CL-90). The former was lost in the Pacific Ocean in combat at the Battle of Savo Island in August 1942, during World War II, and the latter was scrapped in 1971 after being removed from active duty in 1949.
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Astoria, Oregon
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Sister cities
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Sister cities
Astoria has one sister city, as designated by Sister Cities International:
Walldorf, Germany, which is the birthplace of Astoria's namesake, John Jacob Astor, who was born in Walldorf near Heidelberg on July 17, 1763. The sistercityship was founded on Astor's 200th birthday in 1963 in Walldorf by Walldorf's mayor Wilhelm Willinger and Astoria's mayor Harry Steinbock.
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Astoria, Oregon
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See also
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See also
Astoria Regional Airport
The Clatsop tribe of Native Americans
Columbia Memorial Hospital
National Register of Historic Places listings in Clatsop County, Oregon — 44 Astoria structures and districts listed (2020)
Socialist Party of Oregon § The Finnish Socialists of Astoria
Western Workmen's Co-operative Publishing Company
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Astoria, Oregon
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Notes
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Notes
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Astoria, Oregon
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References
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References
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Astoria, Oregon
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Bibliography
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Bibliography
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Astoria, Oregon
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Further reading
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Further reading
Ebeling, Herbert C.: Johann Jakob Astor. Walldorf, Germany: Astor-Stiftung, 1998. .
Leedom, Karen L.: Astoria: An Oregon History. Astoria, Oregon: Rivertide Publishing, 2008. .
Elma MacGibbons reminiscences about her travels in the United States starting in 1898, which were mainly in Oregon and Washington. Includes chapter "Astoria and the Columbia River".
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Astoria, Oregon
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External links
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External links
Entry for Astoria in the Oregon Blue Book
Astoria-Warrenton Chamber of Commerce
Astoria Documentary produced by Oregon Public Broadcasting
Category:1811 establishments in New Spain
Category:Cities in Oregon
Category:Populated places established in 1811
Category:Oregon populated places on the Columbia River
Category:Cities in Clatsop County, Oregon
Category:Port cities in Oregon
Category:Populated coastal places in Oregon
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Astoria, Oregon
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Table of Content
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Use mdy dates, History, Prehistoric settlements, 19th century, 20th and 21st centuries, Geography, Climate, Demographics, 2010 census, 2000 census, Arts and culture, Museums and other points of interest, Government, Education, Media, Filming location, Infrastructure, Transportation, Notable people, In popular culture, Sister cities, See also, Notes, References, Bibliography, Further reading, External links
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Alarums and Excursions
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Short description
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Alarums and Excursions (A&E) is an amateur press association (APA) started in June 1975 by Lee Gold; publication continues to the present day. It was one of the first publications to focus solely on role-playing games.
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Alarums and Excursions
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History
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History
In 1964, Bruce Pelz of the Los Angeles Science Fiction Society (LASFS) began a weekly amateur press association named APA-L. In 1974, with the publication of Dungeons & Dragons by TSR, Inc., articles and comments about the new roleplaying game began to fill the pages of APA-L, a development to which Pelz objected.Bretts RPG Magazine and Zine Index , entry on Alarums & Excursions, retrieved September 2007 Lee Gold took note of this and started a new APA, Alarums and Excursions (the title taken from an Elizabethan drama stage direction that moved soldiers across a stage), to focus entirely on roleplaying games, attracting such material away from APA-L. The first issue appeared in June 1975.
In addition to removing roleplaying games discussion out of APA-L, the initial aim of the publication was to prevent roleplaying games from becoming so divergent that people from different cities could not participate in games together.
The June 2017 issue of Alarums and Excursions was number 500, with a color cover drawn by Lee Moyer and printed by Rob Heinsoo.
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Alarums and Excursions
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Contents
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Contents
Each issue is a collection of contributions from different authors, often featuring game design discussions, rules variants, write-ups of game sessions, reviews, and comments on others contributions.
Although game reports and social reactions are common parts of many A&E contributions, it has also, over the years, become a testing ground for new ideas on the development of the RPG as a genre and an art form. The idea that role-playing games are an art form took strong root in this zine, and left a lasting impression on many of the RPG professionals who contributed. The 1992 role-playing game Over the Edge was inspired by discussions in A&E.
Over the years, contributors have included:
Terry K. Amthor
Wilf K. Backhaus
Scott Bennie
Greg Costikyan
Doc Cross
John M. Ford
E. Gary Gygax
Andrew Gelman
David A. Hargrave
Rob Heinsoo
John Eric Holmes
Wes Ives
Robin Laws
Nicole Lindroos
Samuel Edward Konkin III
Stephen R. Marsh
Phil McGregor
Dave Nalle
Mark Rein·Hagen
Ken Rolston
John T. Sapienza Jr.
Lawrence M. Schoen
Edward E. Simbalist
Jonathan Tweet
Erick Wujcik
John Nephew
Spike Y Jones
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Alarums and Excursions
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Reception
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Reception
In the February 1976 issue of Strategic Review (Issue 6), Gary Gygax complimented the new APA, calling it "an excellent source of ideas, inspirations and fun." Although Gygax felt some of the contributors were "woefully lacking in background", and the quality of printing varied dramatically from issue to issue, he concluded, "For all of its faults, it is far and away the best D&D 'zine, and well worth reading. See for yourself why it rates a Major Triumph."
In the June 1981 edition of Dragon (Issue #50), Dave Nalle reviewed Alarums and Excursions after its 63rd issue (November 1980), and although he found the writing style "a bit stuffy", with a "tendency for the writers to pat each other on the back", he still called it "the top APA publication... This is a very well run APA and features many of the leading thinkers in fantasy gaming."
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Alarums and Excursions
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Awards
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Awards
To date, Alarums and Excursions has been a winner of the Charles Roberts/Origins Award four times:
"Best Amateur Adventure Gaming Magazine" in 1984
"Best Amateur Game Magazine" in 1999
"Best Amateur Game Periodical" in 2000 and 2001
"Academy of Adventure Gaming Arts & Design Hall of Fame" in 2022
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