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Wilhelm Kray | Gallery | Gallery |
Wilhelm Kray | Literature | Literature
Gitta Ho: Kray, Wilhelm. In: Bénédicte Savoy, France Nerlich (Hrsg.): Pariser Lehrjahre. Ein Lexikon zur Ausbildung deutscher Maler in der französischen Hauptstadt. Band 2: 1844–1870. de Gruyter, Berlin/Boston 2015, ISBN 978-3-11-031477-9, S. ?.
Dupont Vicars: Master Paintings of the World. The White City Art Co. Press, Chicago, 1902. pp. 1–19 |
Wilhelm Kray | References | References
Category:1828 births
Category:1889 deaths |
Wilhelm Kray | Table of Content | Expand German, Life, Gallery, Literature, References |
Category:Tuktoyaktuk | Commons category | Category:Communities in the Inuvik Region
Category:Hamlets in the Northwest Territories
Category:Populated places in Arctic Canada
Category:Wikipedia categories named after populated places in Canada
Category:Inuvialuit communities |
Category:Tuktoyaktuk | Table of Content | Commons category |
Draft:Joe Lastie | AFC submission |
Joe Lastie is a drummer in New Orleans for the Preservation Hall Jazz Band. He has been playing with Preservation hall since 1989. . His a part of the musical lineage of the Lastie family, with his uncles being players such as Melvin Lastie, David Lastie, and Melvin Lastie. He is also related to Herlin Riley and Jessie Hill
thumb |
Draft:Joe Lastie | Table of Content | AFC submission |
Wikipedia:Today's featured article/June 27, 2025 | Main page image/TFA | Nominative determinism is the hypothesis that people are drawn to professions that fit their name. The term was first used in the magazine New Scientist in 1994, after its humorous Feedback column mentioned a book on polar explorations by Daniel Snowman and an article on urology by researchers named Splatt and Weedon. The hypothesis had been suggested by psychologist Carl Jung, citing as an example Sigmund Freud (German for "joy"), who studied pleasure. A few recent empirical studies have indicated that certain professions are disproportionately represented by people with appropriate surnames, though the methods of these studies have been challenged. One explanation for nominative determinism is the theory of implicit egotism, which states that humans have an unconscious preference for things they associate with themselves. An alternative explanation is genetic: an ancestor might have been named Smith or Taylor according to their occupation, and the genes they passed down might correlate to aptitudes for those professions. |
Wikipedia:Today's featured article/June 27, 2025 | Table of Content | Main page image/TFA |
Category:Transport in Tuktoyaktuk | [[Category:Tuktoyaktuk]] | Category:Tuktoyaktuk
Tuktoyaktuk
Tuktoyaktuk |
Category:Transport in Tuktoyaktuk | Table of Content | [[Category:Tuktoyaktuk]] |
Playsaurus | COI | Playsaurus is an American developer-publisher based in Los Angeles that is known for idle and incremental games. Founded in 2011, it debuted with the Browser-RPG Cloudstone, broke out globally with Clicker Heroes, and now operates a hybrid model, developing its own games such as Poker Quest and MrMine while publishing external projects including the Steam editions of Cookie Clicker and Sixty-Four. |
Playsaurus | History | History
Playsaurus’ first release, Cloudstone (open beta 2011, full launch 2012), mixed action-RPG mechanics with social-network distribution and laid the groundwork for the studio’s fantasy art assets, later reused in Clicker Heroes. Clicker Heroes (2014 browser, 2015 Steam) popularised the idle-clicker genre and became one of Steam’s most-played F2P titles. In 2017 the firm publicly rejected micro-transactions for its paid sequel, citing ethical concerns about “whales” and addiction.
The studio faced a high-profile patent-infringement suit in 2018 over virtual currency but vowed to fight, calling the claimant a “patent troll”. A year later Apple temporarily removed the mobile version of Clicker Heroes after a third-party trademark filing, spotlighting store-front vulnerabilities for indies. |
Playsaurus | Publishing & notable projects | Publishing & notable projects
In September 2021, Playsaurus launched PC version of Cookie Clicker, listed as the game’s Steam publisher. In 2024 the company released solo-developer Oleg Danilov’s Sixty-Four, a minimalist factory sim praised by Ars Technica for its “dark extractive journey” and previewed by Bleeding Cool ahead of launch. |
Playsaurus | See also | See also
Clicker Heroes
List of browser games |
Playsaurus | References | References |
Playsaurus | External link | External link
Category:Video game development companies
Category:Video game developers
Category:2011 establishments in the United States
Category:Video game companies established in 2011 |
Playsaurus | Table of Content | COI, History, Publishing & notable projects, See also, References, External link |
Flugumýri | short description | Flugumýri is a town and church site in the Blönduhlíð district of Skagafjörður, Iceland, at the base of Glóðafeykir mountain. It was, and is, a manorial estate. The town was the homestead of Þórir dúfunef (the dove-nosed) and, according to the Landnámabók, it was named for the mare , a quality horse that owned. |
Flugumýri | History | History
has, as a rule, been home to a large farm and various chieftains have lived there. During the Age of the Sturlungs, was one of the Ásbirningar family clan's estates, and Kolbeinn ungi ("the young") Arnórsson lived there from 1233 until he died in 1245. His widow gave the land to the Hólar diocese, but Gissur Þorvaldsson bought it from them, settled there in spring 1253, and built a large farm there. He got good use out of it, albeit not for long because on October 22, after the wedding feast for Gissur and Ingibjörg Sturludóttir's son Hallur, Gissur's enemies arrived in and tried to lock him inside the farm and burn it down. This event, known as the Flugumýri arson, is the most well-known in 's history.
In 1360, the diocese reacquired the land when Bishop Jón skalli ("the bald") Eiríksson bought it, and the diocese owned the land until the turn of the 19th century when the farms were sold. In centuries past, the diocese's priests typically held their annual meetings in .
The town was a medical center in the early 19th century, when the region's doctor, Ari Arason, lived there. The Skagafjörður Women’s School () was in from 1880–1882, before it was closed down. The school had previously been in from 1878–1880 and, before that, was in in Hegranes in 1877, where it was founded.
Now there is a large horse farm in and a tourist services operate out of the town. |
Flugumýri | Geography | Geography
hill overlooks the town of , abutting Glóðafeykir mountain, and there are ruins that may have been part of fortifications, possibly from the Age of the Sturlungs. The artifacts are protected. Two valleys run along the mountain: to the south and to the west. The river that runs through it is called but it used to be named . The side valley Ranghali splits off from the main valley to the northeast, and an old hiking trail goes through it over to Hjaltadalur. |
Flugumýri | Flugumýri church | Flugumýri church
There has been a church in for centuries and it is first mentioned in the Sturlunga saga in relation to the arson. 's on Hallur was carried into the church, where he died from fatal wounds. Gissur himself was also brought into the church after he emerged from his hiding place in the skyr-curdling barrel. The church was dedicated to the Apostle Peter.
The current church was built during 1929 and 1930. It is served by priests from Miklibær. |
Flugumýri | References | References
Category:Skagafjörður
Category:Churches in Iceland
Category:Populated places in Northeastern Region (Iceland) |
Flugumýri | Table of Content | short description, History, Geography, Flugumýri church, References |
Nădejde | wiktionary | Nădejde is a Romanian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Camelia Nădejde, pen name of Lucia Mantu (1888 – 1971), Romanian prose writer
(1854 – 1928 , Bucharest), Romanian publicist and translator
Sofia Nădejde (1856 – 1946), Romanian novelist, playwright, translator, journalist, women's rights activist and socialist |
Nădejde | See also | See also
Category:Romanian-language surnames |
Nădejde | Table of Content | wiktionary, See also |
Draft:WGR | AfC submission/draft | Career
Ringe studied law from 1998 to 2004 in Passau, Lausanne, Bonn, and Oxford (M.Jur. in 2004). After receiving his doctorate in 2006 from the University of Bonn, he worked as a research assistant in Bonn (with Professor Daniel Zimmer) and at the Max Planck Institute for Comparative and International Private Law (with Professor Klaus J. Hopt). After completing his legal clerkship in Hamburg from 2004 to 2006, he was admitted to the bar in Hamburg in 2007. From 2007 to 2012, he taught as a lecturer in law at the University of Oxford (Christ Church). From 2012 to 2017, he was Professor of International Commercial Law at Copenhagen Business School. Since 2017, he has been Professor of Law and Finance and Director of the Institute for Law and Economics at the University of Hamburg. He also teaches as a permanent visiting professor at the University of Oxford.
His research focuses on corporate and capital markets law, financial regulation, law and economics, insolvency law, private international law, and EU law. Ringe is a Research Member of the European Corporate Governance Institute (ECGI) in Brussels and a Fellow of the European Banking Institute (EBI), Frankfurt am Main.
Publications (selection)
Die Sitzverlegung der Europäischen Aktiengesellschaft. Tübingen 2006, ISBN 978-3-16-150244-6
Englisches Handels- und Wirtschaftsrecht. Muncih 2024, ISBN 978-3-406-76253-6 (with Stefan Vogenauer et al.)
Regulatory Arbitrage and Regulatory Competition in the Governance of Global Financial Markets. Arbitrage et concurrence réglementaires dans la gouvernance des marchés financiers mondiaux. Montréal 2015, ISBN 2897301376.
The Deconstruction of Equity – Activist Shareholders, Decoupled Risk, and Corporate Governance. Oxford 2016, ISBN 978-0-19-872303-5.
The Anatomy of Corporate Law, 3. Aufl. Oxford 2017, ISBN 9780198739630. (mit Reinier Kraakman u. a.)
Oxford Handbook of Corporate Law and Governance, Oxford 2018, ISBN 9780198743682. (mit Jeffrey N. Gordon)
References
↑ Ringe, Wolf-Georg. In: Kürschners Deutscher Gelehrten-Kalender Online. De Gruyter. Abgerufen am 4. März 2020.
↑ Wolf-Georg Ringe. Abgerufen am 7. April 2020 (englisch).
↑ Fellow Academic Members – EBI-Europa.eu. accessed on 7 April 2020 |
Draft:WGR | Table of Content | AfC submission/draft |
Draft:Trailblazer Television | AfC submission | |
Draft:Trailblazer Television | Trailblazer Television | Trailblazer Television
Trailblazer Television is a British English language free-to-air television channel
owned by Go See TV that is dedicated to adventure programming.
Go See TV launched Trailblazer TV in October 2024 on Freeview channel 253https://www.freeview.co.uk/corporate/platform-management/channel-listings-industry-professionals and Freely channel 586https://www.freely.co.uk/tv-guide?userNid=64865. It is dedicated to high-energy adventure programming that brings the thrill of adventure, speed, and power combined with trailblazing action movies and series, directly to UK audiences. |
Draft:Trailblazer Television | Format and programming | Format and programming
Trailblazer TV offers a mix of documentaries, reality tv shows, and dramas that cater to viewers who enjoy excitement, adventure, and adrenaline-fuelled contenthttps://worldscreen.com/tvreal/trailblazer-tv-rolls-out-on-freeview-freely/. The channel is powered by Boat Rocker Media and INSP (including original series from the top ten Nielsen-rated US cable channel INSP). The channel’s programming spans motorsports, outdoor adventure, and dramas, appealing to adventure-hungry audiences.
Trailblazer TV features tentpole shows such as: Tougher Than It Looks, The Cowboy Way, Blue Ridge: The Series, Junk Raiders and Vegas Rat Rods. |
Draft:Trailblazer Television | References | References |
Draft:Trailblazer Television | Table of Content | AfC submission, Trailblazer Television, Format and programming, References |
File:Karakuri Circus characters.png | Summary | Summary |
File:Karakuri Circus characters.png | Licensing | Licensing |
File:Karakuri Circus characters.png | Table of Content | Summary, Licensing |
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Dark gray | Table of Content | # |
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Dark grey | Table of Content | # |
Draft:Butterworth's | '''Butterworth's''' | Butterworth's is a restaurant and bar in the Capitol Hill neighborhood of Washington, D.C., located on Pennsylvania Avenue SE.
|
Draft:Butterworth's | History | History
Butterworth's opened in October 2024, shortly before the 2024 United States presidential election. It is named after Alex Butterworth, an Australian-born senior counsel for Uber and a principal investor in the restaurant alongside Raheem Kassam, a former editor of the far-right Breitbart News. Bart Hutchins, a former employee of nearby Beuchert's Saloon who also co-founded Le Mont Royal, serves as chef and partner. Restaurants like Spago in Los Angels and Dudleys in New York City, which are known for their influential clientele, served as inspiration. Hutchins noted his dislike for another french D.C. restaurant, Le Diplomate, comparing it to Chuck E. Cheese. The interior is described as "grandma-chic" or shabby chic and evoking a sense of nostalgia that seems to resonate with MAGA populism. A portrait of Queen Elizabeth II, given to Butterworth by a British Member of Parliament, hangs on the walls. Its has been compared to Les Deux Magots and other European coffeehouses of the early 20th century.
The restaurant serves nouveau french cuisine, with a noted focus on offal such as foie gras and beef tallow french fries, that echo recent food trends within right-wing circles. Natural wine and bone marrow are also on the menu, according to Hutchins "Before, the audience for offal was Berkley hippie types who knew who Alice Waters was. Now it's right-wing staffers showing up and asking for the same stuff." Raw milk is often requested but not served for legal reasons.
According to Alex Butterworth, the restaurant welcomes customers regardless of their political affiliation. |
Draft:Butterworth's | Political relevance | Political relevance
thumb|Steve Bannon and Natalie Winters at Butterworth's in 2025.
Referred to as "Steve Bannon's restaurant", both because of the number of events he has hosted at the venue and his affiliation with co-founder Kassam, Butterworth's has attracted a strong following of Trump supporters and right-wing figures in the second Trump administration. George Santos is another frequent visitor, while some D.C. staffers have turned the locale into a de facto office.
Amazon hosted its 2024 D.C. holiday party at Butterworth's.
The restaurant rapidly gained prominence with members of the second Trump administration and MAGA influencers after the inauguration, partially attributed to co-founder Kassam. Since inauguration weekend, Elon Musk, Grimes, FBI Director Kash Patel, Curtis Yarvin, George Santos, Scott Presler, Jack Posobiec, yet-to-be-confirmed Secretary of the Treasury Scott Bessent, January 6 rally fundraiser Caroline Wren, War Room co-host Natalie Winters and journalist Tara Palmeri were noted as guests, with cocktails named "Im-PEACH This", "American Carnage" and "Covfefe" being served. Chef Bart Hutchins notes "There're nights when it's just another neighborhood restaurant. And then there's a random Wednesday when everyone in here has half a million Twitter followers." Within months opening and weeks into the administration, Butterworth's had already established itself in right-wing circles because of the number of events held at the venue.
While during the first Trump administration McDonalds, Fireball and well-done steaks were popular, and Proud Boys frequented D.C. burger joints like Harry's Bar, Butterworth's has been noted as a more mature establishment attracting a more elite crowd.
:Category:Restaurants in Washington, D.C. |
Draft:Butterworth's | Notes | Notes |
Draft:Butterworth's | References | References |
Draft:Butterworth's | External links | External links
|
Draft:Butterworth's | Table of Content | '''Butterworth's''', History, Political relevance, Notes, References, External links |
2026 in Hungary | short description |
Events in the year 2026 in Hungary. |
2026 in Hungary | Events | Events |
2026 in Hungary | Predicted and scheduled | Predicted and scheduled
April 2026 Hungarian parliamentary election
30 May 2026 UEFA Champions League final |
2026 in Hungary | Holidays | Holidays
:
1 January – New Year's Day
15 March – Revolution Day
3 April – Good Friday
5 April – Easter Monday
1 May – International Workers' Day
25 May – Whit Monday
20 August – State Foundation Day
23 October – 1956 Revolution Memorial Day
1 November – All Saints' Day
25 December – Christmas Day
26 December – Boxing Day |
2026 in Hungary | Art and entertainment | Art and entertainment
List of Hungarian submissions for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film |
2026 in Hungary | See also | See also
2026 in the European Union
2026 in Europe |
2026 in Hungary | References | References |
2026 in Hungary | External links | External links
Online calendar
Category:2020s in Hungary
Hungary
Hungary
Category:Years of the 21st century in Hungary |
2026 in Hungary | Table of Content | short description, Events, Predicted and scheduled, Holidays, Art and entertainment, See also, References, External links |
Wikipedia:Geological history of oxygen | Geological history of Oxygen =
| Geological history of Oxygen = |
Wikipedia:Geological history of oxygen | Introduction | Introduction
Although oxygen is the most abundant element in Earth's crust, due to its high reactivity, it mostly exists in compound forms such as water, carbon dioxide, iron oxides and silicates. Before photosynthesis evolved, Earth's atmosphere had no free diatomic elemental oxygen (O2). The main nutrient cycling pathways were anaerobic, driven by microbic metabolisms such as fermentation, methanogenesis, and sulftate reduction. Small quantities of oxygen were released by geological and biological processes, but did not have much of an effect on the environment. Environmental processes were mostly driven by anaerobic nutrient cyclng. Due to accumulation of then-abundant reducing gases, such as atmospheric methane and hydrogen sulfide, free diatomic oxygen was not able to accumulate such a reducing environment.
Oxygen began building up in the prebiotic atmosphere at approximately 1.85 Ga during the Neoarchean-Paleoproterozoic boundary, a paleogeological event known as the Great Oxygenation Event (GOE). At current rates of primary production, today's concentration of oxygen could be produced by photosynthetic organisms in 2,000 years. In the absence of plants, the rate of oxygen production by photosynthesis was slower in the Precambrian. The concentrations of O2 attained were less than 10% of today's and likely fluctuated greatly.
The increase in oxygen concentrations had wide ranging and significant impacts on Earth's biosphere. Most significantly, the rise of oxygen and the oxidative depletion of greenhouse gases (especially atmospheric methane) due to the GOE led to an icehouse Earth that caused a mass extinction of anaerobic microbes, but paved the way for the evolution of eukaryotes and later the rise of complex lifeforms. |
Wikipedia:Geological history of oxygen | The Great Oxygenation Event | The Great Oxygenation Event
The Great Oxygenation Event had the first major effect on the course of evolution. Due to the rapid buildup of oxygen in the atmosphere, the mostly anaerobic microbial biosphere that existed during the Archean eon was devastated, and only the aerobes that had antioxidant capabilities to neutralize oxygen thrived out in the open. This then led to symbiosis of anaerobic and aerobic organisms, who metabolically complemented each other, and eventually led to endosymbiosis and the evolution of eukaryotes during the Proterozoic eon, who were now actually reliant on aerobic respiration to survive. After the Huronian glaciation came to an end, the Earth entered a long period of geological and climatic stability known as the Boring Billion. However, this long period was noticeably euxinic, meaning oxygen was scarce and the ocean and atmosphere were significantly sulfidic, and that evolution then was likely comparatively slow and quite conservative.
The Boring Billion ended during the Neoproterozoic period with a significant increase in photosynthetic activities, causing oxygen levels to rise 10- to 20-fold to about one-tenth of the modern level. This rise in oxygen concentration, known as the Neoproterozoic oxygenation event or "Second Great Oxygenation Event", was likely caused by the evolution of nitrogen fixation in cyanobacteria and the rise of eukaryotic photoautotrophs (green and red algae), and often cited as a possible contributor to later large-scale evolutionary radiations such as the Avalon explosion and the Cambrian explosion, which not only trended in larger but also more robust and motile multicellular organisms. The climatic changes associated with rising oxygen also produced cycles of glaciation and extinction events, each of which created disturbances that sped up ecological turnovers. During the Silurian and Devonian periods, the colonization and proliferation on land by early plants (which evolved from freshwater green algae) further increased the atmospheric oxygen concentration, leading to the historic peak during the Carboniferous period.
Data show an increase in biovolume soon after oxygenation events by more than 100-fold and a moderate correlation between atmospheric oxygen and maximum body size later in the geological record. The large size of many arthropods in the Carboniferous period, when the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere reached 35%, has been attributed to the limiting role of diffusion in these organisms' metabolism. But J.B.S. Haldane's essay On Being the Right Size points out that it would only apply to insects. However, the biological basis for this correlation is not firm, and many lines of evidence show that oxygen concentration is not size-limiting in modern insects. Ecological constraints can better explain the diminutive size of post-Carboniferous dragonflies – for instance, the appearance of flying competitors such as pterosaurs, birds, and bats. |
Wikipedia:Geological history of oxygen | Nutrient Cycling Changes as Oxygen Levels Rose | Nutrient Cycling Changes as Oxygen Levels Rose
The coupling between oxygen levels and nutrient cycling has been a critical factor in shaping Earth's biosphere. Oxygen plays a central role in the oxidation of minerals during weathering. Weathering of the contienents which releases nutrients such as phosphorus and iron into rivers and oceans. Phosphorus, is an essential element for ATP, DNA, and membranes. This makes its bioavailability a limiting factor for primary productivity of ecosystems. When oxygen levels increase, weathering rates are also seen to rise. Which likely expand the nutrient base of marine ecosystems. As a result, this enables higher production and supports more complex food webs. In marine environments, oxygen also regulates the redox cycling of nitrogen. In anoxic conditions, denitrification processes dominate, which convert bioavailable nitrogen (nitrate and ammonium) back into inert N₂ gas. This removes it from the biosphere. As oxygen concentrations rose, nitrification became more prevalent, converting ammonia into nitrate and nitrite, more stable and accessible forms for primary producers. This shift helped stabilize nitrogen availability, which can limit biological expansion if depleted.
The emergence of planktivory, microorganisms feeding on plankton, was another historic turning point in nutrient cycling. Prior to the evolution of complex grazing organisms, nutrient regeneration occurred mainly through microbial remineralization, which was a much slower process. With the rise of planktivores and active predation in the water column during the Cambrian, nutrient cycling accelerated and became more efficient. The led to tighter biological feedback loops and higher rates of primary production. In addition, the shift toward higher rates of primariy production is inferred to have influenced Isotopic signatures in marines sediments.The co-evolution of oxygenation and nutrient cycling created a feedback system that enabled both the expansion of biomass and the diversification of life. Rising oxygen not only enabled more complex metabolisms but also transformed the nutrient landscape. The relationship was not coalescent, however. Many disruptions, such as climate shifts, caused a temporary deconstruction of the nutrient-oxygen dynamic in marine systems.
Disruptions led to eriods of environmental instability, such as during Snowball Earth events. The Late Devonian, or Ocean Anoxic Events demonstrate how fragile the oxygen-nutrient balance can be. During these intervals, rapid climate change or massive volcanic activity altered ocean circulation and chemistry. This caused widespread deoxygenation and led to declines in biodiversity and primary productivity. Widespread deoxygention from sudden shifts in global climate caused key nutrients to become locked in sediments or lost within inefficient nutrient recycling. These periods demonstrate that while oxygenation was essential to biological expansion, it also made the biosphere more sensitive to disruption. The resilience of nutrient cycling systems, particularly through microbial buffering and evolving trophic interactions, helped restore the oxygentation of the global climate. Over time, this restored nutrient cycling and was able to increase levels of biodiversity again. |
Wikipedia:Geological history of oxygen | References | References |
Wikipedia:Geological history of oxygen | Table of Content | Geological history of Oxygen =
, Introduction, The Great Oxygenation Event, Nutrient Cycling Changes as Oxygen Levels Rose, References |
Category:Gold mining in Chile | Portal | Chile
Category:Mining in Chile by mineral |
Category:Gold mining in Chile | Table of Content | Portal |
Draft:Socio-cognitive engineering | Short description | Socio-Cognitive Engineering (SCE) is a transdisciplinary methodology for designing, developing, and evaluating hybrid human–artificial intelligence systems, emphasizing the integration of cognitive science, systems engineering, human factors, ethics, and practical expertise from domain experts. SCE facilitates human-centered design innovation through iterative, evidence-based, and value sensitive design processes involving diverse stakeholders. It aims to ensure that interactive intelligent systems are not only functionally effective but also intelligible, adaptive, and aligned with human needs and societal values. |
Draft:Socio-cognitive engineering | Origins and Theoretical Foundations | Origins and Theoretical Foundations
The term socio-cognitive reflects the mutual influence between individual cognitive processes and social dynamics, a central concern in educational psychology, social cognition, and human–computer interaction.Sociocognitive. Wikipedia. SCE evolved from foundational work in Cognitive Systems Engineering (CSE), which emerged in the 1980s to improve human performance in complex and high-risk domains such as aviation, nuclear power, and process control.Rasmussen, Pejtersen, & Goodstein, 1994; Hollnagel & Woods, 2005.
The first notion of Socio-Cognitive Engineering as a design methodology was presented by Sharples et al. (2002), who proposed a stakeholder-centered process that integrates cognitive models, usability evaluation, and task analysis in human-centered system design.Sharples, M., Jeffries, H., du Boulay, B., Teather, D., & du Boulay, G. (2002). Socio-cognitive engineering: A methodology for the design of human-centred technology. European Journal of Operational Research, 136(2), 310–323.
Subsequently, Neerincx and Lindenberg (2008) introduced Situated Cognitive Engineering (SCE), extending CSE principles with scenario-based design and cognitive task modeling for mission-critical applications.Neerincx, M. A., & Lindenberg, J. (2008). Situated cognitive engineering for complex task environments. Ashgate Publishing. The evolution into Socio-Cognitive Engineering was further formalized in Neerincx et al. (2019) through its application in health robotics. This work established a structured methodology for designing socially and ethically aware cognitive agents, exemplified by a robotic partner supporting children with type 1 diabetes.Neerincx, M. A., Van Vught, W., Blanson Henkemans, O., Oleari, E., Broekens, J., Peters, R., ... & Bierman, B. (2019). Socio-cognitive engineering of a robotic partner for child's diabetes self-management. Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 6, 118. https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2019.00118 |
Draft:Socio-cognitive engineering | Methodological Framework | Methodological Framework
SCE involves an iterative, four-phase methodology grounded in transdisciplinary research, design and empirical validation. Key sources informing its methodology include:
Norman (1986) on user-centered design and cognitive artifactsNorman, D. A. (1986). The design of everyday things. Basic Books.
Vicente (1999) on ecological interface designVicente, K. J. (1999). Cognitive Work Analysis: Toward safe, productive, and healthy computer-based work. CRC Press.
Carroll (2000) on scenario-based designCarroll, J. M. (2000). Making use: scenario-based design of human–computer interactions. MIT Press.
Friedman et al. (2006) on value sensitive designFriedman, B., Kahn, P. H., & Borning, A. (2006). Value sensitive design and information systems. In Human-computer interaction and management information systems: Foundations, 348–372. |
Draft:Socio-cognitive engineering | 1. Foundation | 1. Foundation
The foundation stage synthesizes core requirements and insights from three areas:
Operational Demands: For example, task and domain analysis grounded in ethnographic studies, work domain analysis Vicente, K. J. (1999). Cognitive work analysis: Toward safe, productive, and healthy computer-based work. CRC press.Endsley (1995), and goal-directed task modeling Neerincx, M. A. (2003). Cognitive task load analysis: Allocating tasks and designing support. In D. A. Schraagen, S. F. Chipman, & V. L. Shalin (Eds.), Handbook of cognitive task design (pp. 283–306). CRC Press..
Human Factors and Cognitive Theories: For example, application of workload theory, mental modelsJohnson-Laird, P. N. (1983). Mental models: Towards a cognitive science of language, inference, and consciousness. Harvard University Press., and situation awareness frameworks Endsley, M. R. (1995). Toward a theory of situation awareness in dynamic systems. Human factors, 37(1), 32-64. to support effective human interaction.
Technological Constraints and Opportunities: For example, exploration of AI architectures, interaction modalities, and sensor-actuator capabilities relevant to the use context. |
Draft:Socio-cognitive engineering | 2. Design Specification | 2. Design Specification
This phase defines system behavior and interaction in terms of:
Use Cases: Concrete, scenario-based schemes and narratives describing system functionality and user interaction.
Claims Analysis: Structured representations of hypothesized or evidence-based cause–effect relations between system features and user outcomes.McCrickard, D. S., Catrambone, R., Chewar, C. M., & Stasko, J. T. (2003). Establishing tradeoffs that leverage attention for utility: Empirically evaluating information display in notification systems. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 58(5), 547–582. |
Draft:Socio-cognitive engineering | 3. Evaluation | 3. Evaluation
Evaluation is integral and recursive, informed by principles of mixed methods research:
Prototypes: Functional or partial implementations (physical or virtual artifacts, possibly with simulations) used to elicit user feedback and perform empirical testing.
Evaluation Methods: Quantitative (e.g., task performance, usability metrics) and qualitative (e.g., interviews, observations) techniques are combined to assess claims and guide refinements. The combination of methods (e.g., controlled experiments, cognitive walkthroughs, ethnographic observation, and field trials) allows for triangulation of results.Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. (2017). Designing and conducting mixed methods research (3rd ed.). Sage Publications.Taherdoost, H. (2022). What are different research approaches? Comprehensive review of qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method research, their applications, types, and limitations. Journal of Management Science & Engineering Research, 5(1), 53–63. |
Draft:Socio-cognitive engineering | 4. Abstraction for Coherence and Reuse | 4. Abstraction for Coherence and Reuse
To establish generalization and ensure scalability and long-term value, SCE supports knowledge abstraction through:
Values: Ethical and societal values are articulated and operationalized as design requirements and evaluation criteria.
Design Patterns: Reusable configurations of features and interactions that address common design challenges across contexts Van Zoelen, E., Mioch, T., Tajaddini, M., Fleiner, C., Tsaneva, S., Camin, P., ... & Neerincx, M. A. (2023). Developing team design patterns for hybrid intelligence systems. In HHAI 2023: Augmenting Human Intellect (pp. 3-16). IOS Press..
Ontologies: Formal representations of domain knowledge, user tasks, and system functions to support model-driven engineering, system coherence and interoperabilityRijgersberg-Peters, R., van Vught, W., Broekens, J., & Neerincx, M. A. (2023). Goal Ontology for Personalized Learning and Its Implementation in Child's Health Self-Management Support. IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, 17, 903-918.. |
Draft:Socio-cognitive engineering | Applications | Applications
SCE has been applied across various domains where human–AI collaboration is critical:
Health and Wellbeing: E-coaches, serious games, and social robots supporting chronic disease management and behavioral change.
Space Exploration: Intelligent cognitive agents for astronaut support, such as ESA's MECA project.Neerincx, M. A. (2011). Situated cognitive engineering for crew support in space. Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 15(5), 445–456.
Traffic Management: Responsible agent-based workload harmonization in traffic management teams.Harbers, M., & Neerincx, M. A. (2017). Value sensitive design of a virtual assistant for workload harmonization in teams. Cognition, Technology & Work, 19(2–3), 329–343.
Disaster Response: Robot-support and coordination platforms for emergency responders.Kruijff-Korbayová, I., Colas, F., Gianni, M., Pirri, F., de Greeff, J., Hindriks, K., ... & Worst, R. (2015). Tradr project: Long-term human-robot teaming for robot assisted disaster response. KI-Künstliche Intelligenz, 29, 193–201.
Defense and Security: Human-machine teaming for situational awareness, threat assessment, and tactical decision-making.De Greef, T. E. G., Henryk, F. A., & Neerincx, M. A. (2010). Adaptive automation based on an object-oriented task model: Implementation and evaluation in a realistic C2 environment. Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making, 4(2), 152–182. |
Draft:Socio-cognitive engineering | Significance | Significance
SCE represents a mature and flexible methodology for hybrid intelligence design, enabling the development of interactive systems that are adaptive, intelligible, and socially embedded. By combining empirical methods, theoretical grounding, and value sensitivity, SCE contributes to the broader goal of creating responsible AI systems that respect and enhance human agency, well-being, and collaboration.
It aligns with emerging paradigms of human-centered AI, hybrid intelligence, and AI for social good, offering a practical and principled pathway for interdisciplinary design. |
Draft:Socio-cognitive engineering | See Also | See Also
Cognitive Systems Engineering
Human–Computer Interaction
Participatory Design
Value sensitive design
Human-centered design
Human-centered computing
Sociocognitive |
Draft:Socio-cognitive engineering | References | References |
Draft:Socio-cognitive engineering | Table of Content | Short description, Origins and Theoretical Foundations, Methodological Framework, 1. Foundation, 2. Design Specification, 3. Evaluation, 4. Abstraction for Coherence and Reuse, Applications, Significance, See Also, References |
Category:Mining in Chile by mineral | [[Category:Mining in Chile | |
Category:Mining in Chile by mineral | Table of Content | [[Category:Mining in Chile |
Bilsk hillfort | Short description | Bilsk hillfort is a hillfort of the Scythian period (end of 18th to beginning of 3rd centuries BC) located on a hill in the interfluve of the Vorskla and the right tributary of Psel Sukha Hrun near the villages of Bilsk in Poltava Oblast and in Sumy Oblast.
The hillfort consists of three fortified settlements (Kuzemyn, Western Bilsk, and Eastern Bilsk settlements), united by one defensive wall (Great Bilsk hillfort). The hillfort's total area is 4400 ha. The length of the ramparts is 33,833 m. A number of researches identify it with the legendary city of Gelonus, which is mentioned by Herodotus in his works. It is the center of the Vorskla group of Scythian monuments.Гаврилюк Н. О., Словник-довідник з археології. — Kyiv, 1996. — p. 431. |
Bilsk hillfort | Research history | Research history
The first mentions of the existence of earthen fortifications near the village of Bilsk date back to the 16th–18th centuries. For example, a map of Ukraine by Guillaume de Beauplan of 17th century locates an ancient settlement near Bilsk.Боплан Г. Л., Описание Украины. — St. Petersburg, 1832. — p. 179 At this time, numerous illegal excavations began on the territory of the settlement and the adjacent burial site, and the earthen fortifications were actively used for saltpeter mining, which led to their partial destruction.Шрамко Б. А., Бельское городище скифской эпохи (город Гелон). — Kyiv, 1987. — p. 183
Specific information about the fortifications and findings on the territory of the Bilsk hillfort were first provided by the Ukrainian ethnographer , who, based on personal observations, reports that there are two ancient hillforts near Bilsk, with an earth line connecting them. The researcher measured the fortifications and found arrowheads in the Western Bilsk settlement. Shafronsky attempted to find out when and by whom the fortifications were built, but concluded that "everything is obscured by the darkness of antiquity."Шафонский А. Ф., Черниговского наместничества топографическое описание с кратким географическим и историческим описанием Малые Росии, из частей коей оное наместничество составлено. — Kyiv, 1851. — p. 697 Some data about the Bilsk settlement were reported by Philaret Gumilevsky in 1857, who mentions the Western and Eastern settlements, but, unlike Shafronsky, does not view them as a single complex of defensive constructions.Гумилевский Г. Д., Историко-статистическое описание Харьковской епархии. — Moscow, 1857. — Part 3. — p. 604
Later, Aleksei Bobrinsky conducted special archaeological research on the territory of the settlement. Based on his findings, he published an article in which a detailed description of the appearance of the Western settlement was given and a schematic plan was published. Bobrinsky mentions the ramparts of the Great Hillfort, but he only calls the Western settlement the "Bilsk hillfort"(he considered the Eastern settlement separate from the complex). Bobrinsky was the first researcher to draw attention to the existence of a Scythian layer on the settlement.Бобринский А. А., Сведения о различных курганах и земляных сооружениях, находящихся в Зеньковском у. Полтавской губ. в окрестностях села Глинища и на границе Полтавской и Харьковской губернии // Отчёт археологической комиссии за 1895 г. — St. Petersburg, 1897. — p. 125.
Schematic plans of the Bilsk hillfort were also published by , who was not yet aware of the Kuzemyn settlement, and erroneously perceived the ramparts of the Great Bilsk hillfort as part of the Serpent's Wall.Ляскоронский В. Г., Городища, курганы и длинные (змиевые) валы по течению рек Псла и Ворсклы // Труды XIII Археологического съезда. — 1907. — Т. 1. — p. 158–198
The first archaeological excavations at the site were conducted in 1906 by Vasily Gorodtsov, who explored individual sections of the Western settlement and the Great Hillfort, as well as 22 kurgans in the vicinity of the site. During the explorations, the researcher established that the Bilsk hillfort is a defensive complex consisting of three fortifications united by the ramparts of the Great Hillfort.
Since 1954, systematic research of the monument has been conducted by expeditions of Kharkiv University led by Boris Shramko. An expedition of Moscow University led by Boris Grakov participated in the excavations of 1958–1960. In 1968, an expedition of Donetsk University led by worked on the Western settlement.
In 1987, the Kharkiv University expedition was led by . In parallel with it, in 1992–2006, a joint Ukrainian-German expedition worked at the Bilsk hillfort, led by (1992–2002), E. V. Chernenko (2003–2004), S. V. Makhortykh (2005–2006) and Professor of the University of Hamburg R. Rolle. Currently, stationary excavations at the Bilsk hillfort are being conducted by the Scythian expedition of the Kharkiv National University under the leadership of Iryna Shramko.
On 19 May 2005, the was created.
alt=Більське городище відкриває свої таємниці|thumb|243x243px|Scythian-style installations at the hillfort |
Bilsk hillfort | Description | Description
According to its layout, the Bilsk hillfort is a typical cape fortified settlement and is a single complex of the Scythian period (late 8th to early 3rd centuries BC), consisting of three fortified settlements (Kuzemyn, Western Bilsk and Eastern Bilsk settlements), united by one fortress wall (Great Bilsk hillfort). The Bilsk hillfort is located in the center of the East European forest steppe on a hill in the interfluve of the Vorskla and Sukha Hrun rivers on the territory of the village of Bilsk. The settlement is the largest fortification of the Scythian period in Eastern Europe. The total area of the Bilsk hillfort is 4,400 ha. The length of the ramparts is 33,833 m.
thumb|Amphora-shaped glass pendants
The oldest cultural layers on the territory of the Great Bilsk hillfort belong to the Zrubna culture and the Bondarikha culture of the Bronze Age. In the 8th–7th century BC, the first Scythian monuments appear within the boundaries of the Bilsk hillfort. Already in the 7th–6th century BC, two primary fortifications were built: the Western, on the right bank of the Sukha Hrun, and the Eastern, on the right bank of the Vorskla, which were later united by the defensive structures of the Great Bilsk hillfort. Later, in the 5th century BC, the Kuzemyn fortification was completed. All parts of the Bilsk Hillfort were protected by powerful wooden and earthen defensive structures, consisting of deep ditches and high ramparts that crowned the wooden walls behind the towers. The total length of the defensive structures of the Western fortification is 3,270 m, the Eastern fortification is 3,870 m, the Kuzemyn fortification is 898 m, and the Great Bilsk fortification is 25,995 m.
The Bilsk hillfort was a significant political and cultural center of the Scythian period, which was inhabited by a multi-ethnic population: Budini, Gelonians, Neuri and, probably other ethnic groups. During excavations at the site, the remains of semi-dugouts and above-ground dwellings were discovered and studied, various farm buildings for economic purposes — cellars, granary pits, barns, drying rooms, etc., the remains of artisan workshops — blacksmiths, bronze foundries, jewelers, potters, bone carvers, etc. Certain planning principles for the placement of farmsteads and the presence of two-story wooden buildings are noted on the Eastern settlement. There are remains of altars and temples, in one of which, it is possible that certain astronomical observations were also carried out. Numerous finds of ceramic sculptures — anthropomorphic, zoomorphic and ornithomorphic figurines — were also discovered at the site. Other motif objects indicate the existence of agricultural fertility cults among the local population.
The population of the Bilsk settlement existed due to farming, gardening, cattle breeding, hunting, various crafts and home industries, and trade. Trade relations of the local population were quite intensive and large-scale. The favorable geographical location of the settlement allowed the use of an extensive system of river and land routes. The main river route led from the pier near the Kuzemyn fortification along the Vorskla to the Dnieper, then to the Greek city of Olbia on the coast of the Dnieper–Bug estuary. The land route — through a ford on the Vorskla — headed to the ancient Muravsky Trail, which ran through the steppes to the Crimea, where there were several ancient Greek cities. Of great importance were also the roads and their branches along the plateau of the right bank of the Vorskla River to the Perevolochna crossing and the interfluve of the Psel and Sula rivers — the , which connected the southwestern and western trade routes with the right-bank forest-steppe neighbors through the Kremenchuk and Hradyzk crossings. Numerous finds of imported products at the settlement, especially ancient painted dishes, amphoras, and glassware, indicate connections with many centers of the ancient world.
In the course of its historical development, according to a number of researchers, the Bilsk hillfort turned from the center of a tribal union into an urban center, which is identified with the city of Gelonus mentioned by Herodotus. The basis of its development was crafts and trade, but in the 3rd century BC, important political and economic changes occurred in the south of Eastern Europe, caused by the influence of climatic factors, which disrupted the economic and cultural ties of the population of the Bilsk hillfort and led to the decline of local crafts and trade. The productivity of agricultural lands decreased significantly. Life in the settlement gradually faded away and it ended its existence as a significant center.
In later times, small settlements of the Kyiv, Chernyakhiv, and Penkivka cultures existed on the territory of the settlement. There are some isolated finds of the Saltiv and cultures, and isolated Pecheneg antiquities. At the Eastern settlement, there are also traces of a settlement from the Kievan Rus' period, represented by fragments of circular vessels from the 12th–13th centuries, arrowheads, a water-bearing fibula, and a spur. Within the Great Fortification, cultural layers from the late Ukrainian Middle Ages of the early 17th century are known. They are associated with the development of saltpeter extraction and the settlement of this territory by immigrants from Right-bank Ukraine and Cossacks.Шрамко Б. А., Бельское городище скифской эпохи (город Гелон). — Kyiv, 1987. — p. 183 |
Bilsk hillfort | Gallery | Gallery |
Bilsk hillfort | References | References |
Bilsk hillfort | Sources | Sources
Археологічні дослідження Більського городища. — Kyiv; Kotelva, 2014. АДБГ — 2013. — p. 124 |
Bilsk hillfort | External links | External links
Офіційний сайт Історико-культурного заповідника "Більськ": https://bilsk.com.ua/
В. Ю. Мурзін. БІЛЬСЬКЕ ГОРОДИЩЕ // Енциклопедія історії України : у 10 т. / редкол.: В. А. Смолій (голова) та ін. ; Інститут історії України НАН України. — К. : Наукова думка, 2003. — Т. 1 : А — В. — С. 293. — ISBN 966-00-0734-5.
БІ́ЛЬСЬКЕ ГОРОДИ́ЩЕ // ЕСУ
Бельское городище на youtube
Фильм о Бельском городище «Місто скіфів — Гелон »
Фильм о Бельском городище «Уроки історії. Більське городище» . Интервью И. Б. Шрамко Полтавскому телеканалу о последних раскопках на Бельском городище (15.08.2013)
Фильм «Таинственный город Гелон » (02.2014, Перший национальный канал (Украина), реж. А. В. Дмитрук)
Олександр ДАНИЛЕЦЬ «Муравським шляхом до Більського городища» // Урядовий Курьер [газета] від 19.04.2014
Виставка археологічних артефактів «Величний Гелон» , 25.07-15.08 2014
Фильм о Борисе Шрамко , видеоканал Первая Столица «Борис Шрамко» (2013 г.)
Фильм о Б. А. Шрамко и Бельском городище
Ранок на Лтаві 15.08.2013 р. з директором ІКЗ «Більськ» І. І. Коростом
Цыбулькин В. В., Сивальнёв А. Н., Сердюченко М. Н. «Влесова книга»: Быль и мифы Славянской цивилизации. — К.: ЧП Зеленский В. Л., 2016. — 480 с., ил. ISBN 978-966-97520-5-5
У Більську знайшли близько 30 золотих виробів скіфів. Розкопки на могильнику Скоробір, 2016 р.
Серце стародавньої Скіфії ніколи не переставало битися на лісостепових теренах Полтавської області
Задников С. А., Комплекс античних амфор з розкопок Західного укріплення Більського городища
Шрамко І. Б., Ранній період в історії геродотовського Гелону (за матеріалами розкопок зольника № 5) // Більске городище та його округа (до 100- річчя початку польових досліджень).- К., 2006.- С. 33-56
Культовий комплекс ранньоскіфського часу на Більському городищі
Великі городища Лісостепової Скіфії
Про знищення найбільшої в Україні охоронюваної археологічної території «Більське городище»
Більське городище
Category:Archaeological sites in Ukraine
Category:Scythians
Category:Hill forts in Ukraine |
Bilsk hillfort | Table of Content | Short description, Research history, Description, Gallery, References, Sources, External links |
Margaret and Frederick Jowett | Short description | Margaret Rosemary Jowett (known as 'Maurge,' née Ferguson, 1930–2023) and Frederick William Jowett (known as 'Freddie' 1922–1986), often referred to professionally as Mr. and Mrs. F. Jowett, were an Australian couple who lived and worked on Norfolk Island and were known for recording the insect species of the Island.
The Jowetts moved to Norfolk Island in 1963 so that Frederick could become the Island's communications engineer and operate an ionospheric station. Frederick also served as a magistrate. Margaret trained and worked as a nurse, particularly for older people. Frederick Jowett died on 1 October 1986. In 2002 Margaret Jowett was awarded the Order of Australia for her community work and ecological work. Margaret died on 27 September 2023.
thumb|Holotype specimen of Ziridava smithersi, now known as Gymnoscelis smithersi (Holloway, 1977), collected by Frederick and Margaret Jowett on Norfolk Island in 1973 (NHMUK014176142) |
Margaret and Frederick Jowett | Entomology | Entomology
From 1971 to 1984 the Jowetts supported the work of British research entomologist Jeremy Holloway, including contributing species occurrence records to the book The Lepidoptera of Norfolk Island: Their Biogeography and Ecology (1977). In 1973, the Jowetts collected the Holotype specimen of the Norfolk Island moth Gymnoscelis smithersi (Holloway, 1977).
Some insect specimens collected by the Jowetts are in the collection of the Natural History Museum, London.
Margaret Jowett would sometimes give entomologists who visited Norfolk Island research space at her home. In March 1985 M. Christian and M. Sexton collected a species of the mite family Malaconothridae in Margaret's garden at Red Road, which in 2013 was named in Margaret's honour as the new species Malaconothrus jowettae Colloff & Cameron, 2013. The Type specimens of Malaconothrus jowettae are part of the Australian National Insect Collection, at CSIRO in Canberra. |
Margaret and Frederick Jowett | References | References |
Margaret and Frederick Jowett | Table of Content | Short description, Entomology, References |
Draft:Carl Lorenzo McIver | AfC submission/draft | |
Draft:Carl Lorenzo McIver | Carl Lorenzo McIver | Carl Lorenzo McIver
Carl Lorenzo McIver is an American healthcare strategist, award-winning designer, filmmaker, and global health advocate, widely recognized as the top global influencer in anemia awareness. He is best known for founding the Anemia+ Life Sciences™ initiative, advancing Red Bloodless Medicine and Surgery (RBMS)™, and creating the first universal insignia for anemia awareness. His work bridges AI, visual branding, public health, and patient engagement to reshape the global narrative around iron deficiency and preventive care. |
Draft:Carl Lorenzo McIver | Early Life and Education | Early Life and Education
Carl McIver was born in the United States. Encouraged by his artist mother, Arlene McIver, he pursued formal art education at Pratt Institute in Brooklyn, New York. He later expanded his expertise to include design, communications, and public health strategy—blending these disciplines into a career that spans healthcare innovation, media production, and global patient advocacy. |
Draft:Carl Lorenzo McIver | Career | Career
McIver began his professional journey as a visual communications expert, designing award-winning campaigns for major healthcare providers. His credits include branding and creative direction for Maximus NY, the Medicaid Managed Care CHOICE program for New York City and New York State, and numerous public health initiatives serving underserved populations.
Over the years, McIver has received multiple design awards for excellence in healthcare communication, branding innovation, and visual storytelling.
He gained national attention for directing and producing one of the first documentaries on bloodless heart surgery, Have a Heart, which tells the groundbreaking story of a Delaware man who underwent a heart transplant without the use of donor blood.
Building on this foundation, McIver launched Anemia+ Life Sciences™, a next-generation health framework that:
Developed the first universal Anemia Insignia, now recognized globally as a trusted symbol of awareness and patient empowerment;
Created the Regular Self Monitor (RSM)™ model—a system of thinking designed to help consumers identify symptoms before they become patients and proactively engage with healthcare providers;
Integrated Precision Medicine, Digital Health Modeling, and Behavioral Health Science into a unified patient engagement ecosystem.
McIver’s work is powered by AI insights, wearable technology, and a deep understanding of human-centered design—resulting in educational and branding campaigns that resonate with diverse communities and healthcare systems around the world. |
Draft:Carl Lorenzo McIver | Global Influence and Public Recognition | Global Influence and Public Recognition
Recognized as a top global influencer in anemia awareness, McIver has reshaped how health brands engage the public. His work is frequently referenced by major global stakeholders, particularly in relation to women’s health, public trust, and scalable innovation.
The Anemia Insignia, under McIver’s direction, has been shown in AI-driven studies to outperform traditional public health symbols in trust and engagement. His campaigns have increased visibility and urgency around anemia, surpassing benchmarks set by both Patient Blood Management (PBM) and traditional anemia education efforts. |
Draft:Carl Lorenzo McIver | Legacy | Legacy
McIver’s legacy is defined by his commitment to proactive public health, visual empathy, and educational empowerment. Through the Regular Self Monitor (RSM)™ philosophy and the Anemia+ Life Sciences™ platform, he is helping shift the role of the public from passive patients to informed participants—one symbol, one message, and one community at a time. |
Draft:Carl Lorenzo McIver | Personal Life | Personal Life
Carl McIver resides in the United States with his wife, Letitia McIver, and their son, Dyllan. Deeply influenced by the artistic guidance of his mother, Arlene McIver, Carl has blended art, faith, and innovation throughout his work.
Carl and Letitia have dedicated several decades to global volunteer service through their faith as Jehovah’s Witnesses. They have assisted in relief efforts following disasters—such as in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina—and have participated in numerous International Conventions of Jehovah’s Witnesses across the globe, including in Greece, Italy, Hong Kong, Paris, Bermuda, the United Kingdom, Hawaii, and Alaska. They have also provided skilled support for building projects coordinated by the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society throughout the United States.
Their commitment to volunteerism, education, and spiritual service continues to shape Carl’s professional mission in advancing equitable healthcare and human dignity through awareness and design. |
Draft:Carl Lorenzo McIver | References | References
Carl Lorenzo McIver on ALIVE Podcast – Red Bloodless Medicine and Surgery
Interview on OPEN Bx Rx Monday with Dr. Bob Lee – Have a Heart
Discussion on What Benefits Will Bloodless Medicine and The Nursing Ecosystem Bring
Carl McIver – Professional Profile on LinkedIn |
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