Dooney The High Court of Australia (Callinan J), observed that "No permanent head of a department in the Public Service is expected to discharge personally all the duties which are performed in his name and for which he is accountable to the responsible Minister." This case law has been backed up by legislation. Section 34AA and 34AAB of the federal governments Acts Interpretation Act 1901 clearly create a statutory power to delegate, contrary to the maxim. The federal legislation is echoed in some state legislation Section 34AB(1)(b) however prohibits a delegate to further delegate, consequently a Minister delegating to Secretary does not allow the Secretary to delegate to Astt Secretary. The vestiges of maxim have therefore been preserved by the Act. Catholic canon law Canon 137 of the 1983 Code of Canon Law states: § 1 Ordinary executive power can be delegated either for an individual case or for all cases, unless the law expressly provides otherwise. § 2 Executive power delegated by the Apostolic See can be subdelegated, either for an individual case or for all cases, unless the delegation was deliberately given to the individual alone, or unless subdelegation was expressly prohibited. § 3 Executive power delegated by another authority having ordinary power, if delegated for all cases, can be subdelegated only for individual cases; if delegated for a determinate act or acts, it cannot be subdelegated, except by the express grant of the person delegating. § 4 No subdelegated power can again be subdelegated, unless this was expressly granted by the person delegating. See also Carltona principle References Brocards (law) Constitutional law Jurisprudence of Catholic canon law Legal rules with Latin names