used as a popular tool of carnivalesque subversion". Its author praised Pastafarianism for its "epistemological humility". Moreover, Henderson's website contains numerous endorsements from the scientific community. As Jack Schofield of The Guardian noted, "The joke, of course, is that it's arguably more rational than Intelligent Design." Conservative columnist Jeff Jacoby wrote in The Boston Globe that intelligent design "isn't primitivism or Bible-thumping or flying spaghetti. It's science." This view of science, however, was rejected by the United States National Academy of Sciences. Peter Gallings of Answers in Genesis, a Young Earth Creationist ministry said, "Ironically enough, Pastafarians, in addition to mocking God himself, are lampooning the Intelligent Design Movement for not identifying a specific deity—that is, leaving open the possibility that a spaghetti monster could be the intelligent designer... Thus, the satire is possible because the Intelligent Design Movement hasn't affiliated with a particular religion, exactly the opposite of what its other critics claim!" See also Bokononism Church of the SubGenius Creation and evolution in public education Dinkoism Discordianism Dudeism Evolution as fact and theory Falsifiability Intelligent falling Invisible Pink Unicorn Missionary Church of Kopimism Reductio ad absurdum References Further reading External links Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster The FSM Revival Church of Ziti Discord Eight really rather you didn'ts The Loose Canon a Holy Book of the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster Henderson's open letter to the Kansas Board of Education People for the Advancement of Spaghetti Tolerance and Appreciation (P.A.S.T.A) Foundation Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster Australia Russian Pastafarian Church Criticism of religion Fictional food characters Fictional monsters Intelligent design parodies Internet memes introduced in 2005 Religious parodies and satires Mascots introduced in 2005 Metaphors referring to spaghetti New Atheism Parody religion deities