income is the revenue derived from viewer and listener licence fees. Every household in Germany is required by law to pay a Rundfunkbeitrag (broadcast contribution) of €18.36 per month as of August 2021, to finance the public broadcast system. The fee is collected by Beitragsservice von ARD, ZDF und Deutschlandradio. In 2012, BR derived 85.3% of its income from viewer and listener licence fees, 12.6% from other sources such as product licensing and investments, and 2.1% from the sale of advertising time. 48.5% of this income was spent on programme production costs, 25.1% on staffing, and 26.4% on other operating expenses and fixed charges. Television series produced by BR BR produces several series that are well known throughout Bavaria, and some of these are re-broadcast throughout other parts of Germany. These include: Rundschau quer Münchner Runde (political talkshow) alpha-Centauri Space Night Kunst und Krempel Unter unserem Himmel ("Under our Skies") Café Meineid Zur Freiheit ("To Freedom") Melodien der Berge Advertising BR's TV channel, Bayerisches Fernsehen (Bavarian Television), as with all regional "Third Channel" broadcasters (along with public specialty channels such as arte, 3Sat, KI.KA, Phoenix and ARD-alpha) carry no commercials. Advertising is also not permitted on ARD's "Das Erste" or on ZDF on Sundays, national holidays, or on any day after 8:00pm. On weekdays, only 20 minutes of advertising is permitted, split between breaks between programs. Program sponsoring is not considered to be advertising, and is not subject to these restrictions. Studios BR operates a main broadcasting facility in downtown Munich as well as studios in Munich's northern Freimann quarter and the nearby municipality of Unterföhring. There are also regional TV and radio studios in Nuremberg ("Studio Franconia"), Würzburg ("Regional Studio Franconia/River Main") and Regensburg ("Regional Studio East Bavaria"). Programming BR provides programs to various TV and radio networks, some done in collaboration with other broadcasters, and others completely independently. Television channels BR Fernsehen – Regional TV channel for Bavaria. ARD-alpha – educational programming These two are genuine BR television channels; in addition, BR contributes to the following channels: Das Erste – BR contributes programming to Germany's main network's (ARD) national channel. Phoenix – collaborative network programming between the ARD and ZDF. KiKA – Children's network from the ARD and ZDF. arte – Franco-German cultural network 3sat – Cultural network from the ARD, ZDF, ORF (Austrian Broadcasting), and SRG (Swiss Broadcasting). Radio channels Bayern 1 – Popular music and information,