for general use These are the most common extended control codes, and are defined in ISO/IEC 6429, ECMA-48 and JIS X 0211 (formerly JIS C 6323). If using the ISO/IEC 2022 extension mechanism, they are designated as the active C1 control character set with the sequence 0x1B 0x22 0x43 (ESC " C). Although Unicode does not require a particular C1 control code set, leaving their interpretation to be specified by higher-level protocols, and only specifies a behaviour for U+0085, it suggests interpreting C1 control codes as specified in ISO/IEC 6429 in the absence of use for other purposes. Also listed in the table below are three control codes listed alongside the ISO/IEC 6429 codes in , but not actually defined by ISO/IEC 6429 (, and ). Except for and in EUC-JP text, and in text transcoded from EBCDIC, the 8-bit forms of these codes are almost never used. , and are used to control text terminals and terminal emulators, but almost always by using their 7-bit escape code representations. Their ISO/IEC 2022 compliant single-byte representations are invalid in UTF-8, and the UTF-8 encodings of their corresponding codepoints are two bytes long like their escape code forms (for instance, CSI at U+009B is encoded as the bytes 0xC2, 0x9B in UTF-8), so there is no advantage to using them rather than the equivalent two-byte escape sequence. When these codes appear in modern documents, web pages, e-mail messages, etc., they are usually intended to be printing characters at that position in a proprietary encoding such as Windows-1252 or Mac OS Roman that use the C1 codes to provide additional graphic characters. The official English language names of some C1 codes were revised in the most recent edition of the standard for control codes in general (ISO 6429:1992 or ECMA-48:1991) to be neutral with respect to the graphic characters used with them, and to not assume that, as in the Latin script, lines are written on a page from top to bottom and that characters are written on a line from left to right. The abbreviations used were not changed, as the standard had already specified that those would remain unchanged when the standard is translated to other languages. Where the name has been changed, the original name from which the abbreviation was derived is also given in parenthesis in the tables below. C1 control codes for bibliographic use The following alternative C1