of minimal alpha-carboxysomes containing Form IA Rubisco and the CsoS1A and CsoS2 proteins from the cyanobacterium Cyanobium PCC7001 in tobacco chloroplasts. As yet, identifiably functional carboxysomes have not been constructed in plant chloroplasts. Improvement of photosynthesis in plants using this approach is ultimately dependent on the operation of transporter proteins in the chloroplast inner envelope membrane to help generate a high concentration of bicarbonate inside the chloroplast. See also Bacterial microcompartment BMC domain RuBisCO Pyrenoid References External links Mysterious Bacterial Microcompartments Revealed By Biochemists Not so simple after all. A renaissance of research into prokaryotic evolution and cell structure Cell anatomy Organelles Protein complexes