others. The future tense is marked with -LA. Negatives In Kamassian a verb is made negative by adding the word "e ~ i" with the main verb. Examples with the word šo- 'come': ej šoliam = i don't come ej šolial = you don't come ej šobiam = i did not come ej šobial = you did not come em šoʔ = i will not come ellǝ šoʔ = you will not come Word formation Factitive verbs have the ending aa: ešši 'child': eššā = make children. Deverbal nouns have the ending (ǝ)š: am- 'eat': amǝš 'food'. Instrumental nouns have the ending (p)zan or (p)zǝn: kaj = close, kajzan = lid. Syntax Kamassian was a nominative type language, and the common structure of a Kamassian sentence includes the subject, the object, the adverbial modifier, and a predicate. The subject is in the nominative case. The indefinite object is often expressed by using the nominative but the definite object with the accusative case. The adverbial modifier can also be expressed with adverbs or nouns in the form of local or instrumental cases. The predicate in Kamassian can be preceded by gerundial verb forms, which indicates the manner or tense of an action that is expressed by the predicate. Composite sentences are not used in the Kamassian language. Instead of sentences which are complex Kamassian uses simple sentences with gerundial verbal constructions in which case it has no need to use conjunctions or a sequence of several simple sentences. In Kamassian the subject and predicate must both agree in the person and in number. Words which typically are used in attributive positions: (demonstrative pronouns, pronominal adjectives, and numerals) can also function as argument expressions. There are also no prepositions in Kamassian, instead postpositions are used and the head of a postposition, usually is marked with a genitive (-ǝn/-n). However, there are also primary postpositions which can govern the lative case. The word order in Kamassian is SOV (subject-object-verb), but the word order VO occurs when using an imperative. Clauses which introduce a situation, the locative adverbial often precedes the subject. In clauses which a new subject appears in a place which is given there is a reverse order. In Kamassian the third person, zero copula predication varies with the usage of the verb i- 'be'. Kamassian direct objects are subject to differential object agreement and to differential object marking. Subordinating conjunctions in