the Revisionist Zionist youth movement Betar (בית"ר) refers to both the last Jewish fort to fall in the Bar Kokhba revolt, and to the slightly altered abbreviation of the Hebrew phrase "Berit Trumpeldor" or "Brit Yosef Trumpeldor" (ברית יוסף תרומפלדור), lit. 'Joseph Trumpeldor Alliance'. The village of Mevo Betar was established on 24 April 1950 by native Israelis and immigrants from Argentina who were members of the Beitar movement, including Matityahu Drobles, later a member of the Knesset. It was founded in the vicinity of the Betar fortress location, around a kilometre from the Green Line, which gave it the character of an exposed border settlement until the Six-Day War. Beitar Illit, lit. Upper Beitar, is named after the ancient Jewish city of Betar, whose ruins lie away. It was established by a small group of young families from the religious Zionist yeshiva of Machon Meir. The first residents settled in 1990. References Bibliography (p. 128) Ussishkin, David, "Archaeological Soundings at Betar, Bar-Kochba's Last Stronghold", in: Tel Aviv. Journal of the Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University 20 (1993) 66ff. External links Survey of Western Palestine, 1880 Map, Map 17: IAA, Wikimedia commons Coordinates for Bittir (Khurbet el Yehudi): East longitude, 35.08; North latitude, 31.43 Shimon Gibson (2006), Bethar, Encyclopedia Judaica, based on Encyclopedia Hebraica Prof. David Ussishkin, Soundings in Betar, Bar-Kochba's Last Stronghold. Other Midrashic sources can be seen here. 130s disestablishments in the Roman Empire 135 disestablishments Ancient Jewish settlements of Judaea Ancient villages in Israel Archaeological sites in the West Bank Bar Kokhba revolt Establishments in the Kingdom of Judah Jews and Judaism in the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire Massacres in Asia Revisionist Zionism Tisha B'Av