interest in forming trade agreements between the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth. Preference in other Countries The Italian Empire, Spain, Portugal, France, Japan, and the United States all had varying degrees of preference between their mainland and their colonies. See also Commonwealth free trade CANZUK Imperial Federation Import Duties Act 1932 Tariff Reform League References Bibliography Glickman, David L. "The British imperial preference system." Quarterly Journal of Economics 61.3 (1947): 439-470. online McKenzie, Francine. 'Redefining the bonds of Commonwealth, 1939-1948: the politics of preference (Springer, 2002). Tsokhas, Kosmas. "Protection, imperial preference, and Australian conservative politics, 1923–39." Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History'' 20.1 (1992): 65-87. External links nationalarchives.gov.uk: "Policy, protectionism and imperial preference" British Empire History of the Commonwealth of Nations Foreign trade of the United Kingdom History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom Canada–United Kingdom relations Protectionism