CambridgeMolecularEngineering/SCQA_FirstTurn

answers dict	title stringlengths 16 40	context stringlengths 13 1.96k	question stringclasses 124 values	id stringlengths 1 5
{ "text": [ "9.07%" ], "answer_start": [ 195 ] }	10.1016/j.carbon.2016.05.018	For the DSSC with Pt/FTO electrode, the short-circuit current density (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF), and power conversion efficiency (η) were 16.68mA/cm2, 0.78V, 0.70%, and 9.07%, respectively.	What is the value of η?	52516
{ "text": [ "4.87%" ], "answer_start": [ 199 ] }	10.1016/j.dyepig.2009.04.005	The dye SD2 shows prominent η values of 6.22% (Jsc=13.57 mA/cm2, Voc=0.68V, FF=0.672) and 6.21% (Jsc=11.56 mA/cm2, Voc=0.70V, FF=0.765) in EtOH and CH3CN, respectively, while the same dye gives only 4.87%, 4.02%, 3.73% and 3.57% η values if the dye baths are changed to toluene, CHCl3, DMF and THF, respectively.	What is the value of η?	33865
{ "text": [ "14.81%" ], "answer_start": [ 151 ] }	10.1016/j.electacta.2017.10.085	Consequently, comparing with LHTM-1, CH3NH3PbI3-based PSC employing carbazole-based LHTM-2 as HTM achieves higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.81%, which is comparable to Spiro-OMeTAD-based device (PCE = 16.07%).	What is the value of PCE?	2582
{ "text": [ "0.30 cm2" ], "answer_start": [ 50 ] }	10.1016/j.electacta.2015.02.093	The active area and the thickness of the film are 0.30 cm2 and 15 μm, respectively.	What is the value of active area?	34176
{ "text": [ "0.25cm2" ], "answer_start": [ 73 ] }	10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.12.123	The active area of the resulting cell exposed in light was approximately 0.25cm2.The morphology and microstructure of the NU-ZnO film was examined using a JEOL JSM-6701 F field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a JEOL JEM-3010 transmission electron microscopy (TEM).	What is the value of active area?	28563
{ "text": [ "7.51%" ], "answer_start": [ 94 ] }	10.1016/j.nanoms.2019.03.004	The PCE of the former increased to 8.17%, whereas the PCE of the latter dropped from 7.92% to 7.51% after 4 weeks.Composites of carbon nanomaterials were investigated as the counter electrode of DSSCs as well.	What is the value of PCE?	42203
{ "text": [ "0.88 V" ], "answer_start": [ 306 ] }	10.1039/C4TA05012F	Consistent with our previous finding, the device fabricated by adding 1% 1,8-diiodooctane (1,8-DIO) exhibited a much higher PCEMAx of 11.62% with a VOC of 0.92 V, a JSC of 17.40 mA cm−2, and a FF of 0.73 compared to that of the control device which only showed a PCEMAx of ∼9.8% and a relatively poor VOC (0.88 V), JSC (17.15 mA cm−2), and FF (0.65).	What is the value of VOC?	16299
{ "text": [ "0.904 V" ], "answer_start": [ 234 ] }	10.1039/C5TA01129A	For comparison, the device based on MAPbI3 was also fabricated under the same conditions and showed a power conversion efficiency of 10.51% with a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 17.36 mA cm−2, an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.904 V and a fill factor (FF) of 0.67.	What is the value of VOC?	15031
{ "text": [ "28.98Ω" ], "answer_start": [ 107 ] }	10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.03.153	The smallest Rct (3.14Ω) is detected for the Co2N-MC-4 and even much lower than that of traditional Pt CE (28.98Ω), illustrating the excellent catalytic activity of Co2N-MC-4 composite when used as the CE material in DSSC.	What is the value of Rct?	59633
{ "text": [ "4.32%" ], "answer_start": [ 135 ] }	10.1039/C1JM14778A	The best efficiency (Voc = 0.71 V, Jsc = 9.45 mA cm−2, FF = 63.5%, η = 4.25%) is quite close to that using a Pt/FTO counter electrode (4.32%), as listed in Table 2, suggesting the graphene films are very promising counter electrodes for DSSCs.Apparently, although the Jsc of graphene-containing DSSCs is lower than those using FTO, such a high efficiency is mainly attributed to the significant improvement in the FF from 49.8% to 63.5%.	What is the value of η?	76840
{ "text": [ "glass" ], "answer_start": [ 9 ] }	10.1016/j.synthmet.2017.02.015	Over the glass substrate (bottom), the layers that compose the cell, i.e.	What is substrate?	34356
{ "text": [ "4.83%" ], "answer_start": [ 117 ] }	10.1016/j.energy.2015.05.133	As displayed in , when the photoanode is fabricated by only one layer of TiO2 nanoparticles, the DSSC has a low η of 4.83%.	What is the value of η?	35288
{ "text": [ "848mV" ], "answer_start": [ 172 ] }	10.1016/j.dyepig.2018.10.018	Among these dyes, the DSSCs fabricated with W03 employing cobalt electrolyte achieves an excellent power conversion efficiency of 9.43%, with open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 848mV, Jsc of 16.2mAcm−2, and fill factor of 0.70 under simulated AM 1.5G conditions.	What is the value of Voc?	44271
{ "text": [ "TiO2" ], "answer_start": [ 36 ] }	10.1039/C2JM16131A	The longer electron lifetime in the TiO2 thin film of a DSSC has to do with the increased VOC of the cells.	What is ?	65704
{ "text": [ "I3−/I−" ], "answer_start": [ 143 ] }	10.1039/C5RA26307G	The VOC of a DSSC is the difference between the Fermi level of its semiconductor (here TiO2) and the redox potential of its redox couple (here I3−/I−).	What is redox couple?	71564
{ "text": [ "22.17mAcm−2" ], "answer_start": [ 64 ] }	10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.03.081	The other device parameters of the PSC are Voc of 1.07V, Jsc of 22.17mAcm−2 and FF of 77.44% clearly showing significant improvement over the control device (PCE of 16.15%, Voc of 1.03V, Jsc of 21.51mAcm−2 and FF of 72.73%).	What is the value of Jsc?	8982
{ "text": [ "8.79mAcm−2" ], "answer_start": [ 341 ] }	10.1016/j.tsf.2019.02.011	Under the simulated solar irradiation of 100mWcm−2 (AM 1.5G), the flexible DSSC with a Ti mesh-supported “TNWAs/YEF-TiO2-UCNPs60%P2540%” composite structure achieved a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 12.81mAcm−2 and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.54%, showing improvements of 45.7% and 37.8% as compared with TNWAs/P25100% (8.79mAcm−2, 4.02%), respectively.Up-conversion luminescent materials can convert lower energy (near-infrared (NIR) or infrared (IR)) photons to high energy (ultraviolet or visible) photons via multiphoton mechanism [], and its luminescent property is mainly dependent on two factors: host materials and dopants [].	What is the value of Jsc?	43876
{ "text": [ "TiO2" ], "answer_start": [ 28 ] }	10.1039/C8TA11487K	After cooling to 80 °C, the TiO2 films were immersed in 5 × 10−4 M solution of N719 dye in ethanol for 20 h.The dye-sensitized photoanode (area: 0.16 cm2) was assembled with a platinized counter electrode with the corresponding electrolyte injected into the cell.	What is photoanode?	70679
{ "text": [ "18.97%" ], "answer_start": [ 136 ] }	10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.226914	Interestingly, when 5% PbBr2 added into the CH3NH3PbI3 solution, the Jsc increases to 23.37mAcm−2, Voc to 1.08V, FF to 0.75, and PCE to 18.97%.	What is the value of PCE?	9917
{ "text": [ "70%" ], "answer_start": [ 385 ] }	10.1039/C8TA08503J	The PSC devices made with CW4 (35) as the HTM with tBP and LiTFSI as additives outperformed the spiro-OMeTAD (PCE = 14.32%, JSC = 19.35 mA cm−2, VOC = 1.02 V, and FF = 73%)-based device with a PCE of 16.56% (JSC = 21.75 mA cm−2, VOC = 1.05 V, and FF = 72%), whereas CW3 (34) and CW5 (36)-based PSCs exhibited a JSC of 16.49 and 15.39 mA cm−2, VOC of 0.989 V and 1.005 V, FF of 67% and 70%, and PCE of 10.94% and 10.76%, respectively, under similar fabrication conditions.Wang et al.	What is the value of FF?	14495
{ "text": [ "74.64%" ], "answer_start": [ 162 ] }	10.1039/C6TA05008E	The photovoltaic device with the mp-TiO2-La2O3 ETL exhibits a notable increase in Jsc from 18.73 to 20.84 mA cm−2, Voc from 0.90 to 1.01 V, and FF from 65.73% to 74.64%.	What is the value of FF?	22279
{ "text": [ "Al" ], "answer_start": [ 217 ] }	10.1016/j.cclet.2016.06.021	These results demonstrate that CuOx can be used as HTL replacing PEDOT:PSS for high performance PVSCs.According to the above results, we fabricated the inverted PHJ PVSCs in the structure of ITO/HTL/MAPbI3/PC61BM/ZnO/Al without and with different HTLs of CuOx and PEDOT:PSS (.	What is ITO?	7715
{ "text": [ "0.81 V" ], "answer_start": [ 70 ] }	10.1039/C3EE24345A	As a consequence, the modest increment of VOC observed in the ML-DSC (0.81 V vs.	What is the value of VOC?	66521
{ "text": [ "63.52%" ], "answer_start": [ 172 ] }	10.1039/C6TA03740B	When the spirobifluorene unit was added in the phenothiazine donor, the DSSC based on JA3 exhibited a PCE of 6.27%, with the Voc of 800 mV, Jsc of 12.33 mA cm−2, and FF of 63.52%.	What is the value of FF?	66145
{ "text": [ "19.3%" ], "answer_start": [ 36 ] }	10.1039/C5NR05207F	reported a planar PSC with a PCE of 19.3% using precise interface engineering.	What is the value of PCE?	20248
{ "text": [ "17.01mAcm−2" ], "answer_start": [ 57 ] }	10.1016/j.materresbull.2018.04.017	DSSC based on the referenced TiO2 photoanode gives a JSC=17.01mAcm−2, VOC=0.73V, and FF=0.63, resulting in a PCE=7.82%.	What is the value of JSC?	28969
{ "text": [ "71.4%" ], "answer_start": [ 82 ] }	10.1016/j.dyepig.2018.12.010	The HFB-OMeDPA-based devices yielded a VOC of 1.09V, a JSC of 19.9mAcm−2, a FF of 71.4%, leading to an average PCE of 15.4%.	What is the value of FF?	9817
{ "text": [ "FTO" ], "answer_start": [ 182 ] }	10.1016/j.egyr.2018.01.007	It is also implying that DSSCs made of ZrO2 surface passivated ZnO/TiO2 compact photoanode layer is effective in minimizing charge recombination rate and favors charge collection by FTO substrate than that of ZnO/TiO2 photoanode alone.	What is substrate?	38000
{ "text": [ "100mWcm−2" ], "answer_start": [ 123 ] }	10.1016/j.dyepig.2011.06.017	The intensity of the illumination was calibrated with a standard silicon reference cell (Fraunhofer ISE) to provide 1 sun (100mWcm−2).	What is the value of illumination?	30555
{ "text": [ "13.04mAcm−2" ], "answer_start": [ 167 ] }	10.1016/j.spmi.2016.09.020	With the increase of CH3NH3PbI3−xBrx thin film thickness, the short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor (FF) increased from 13.04mAcm−2, 0.81V and 0.57, 16.86mAcm−2, 0.93V and 0.65–19.12mAcm−2, 0.96V and 0.66.	What is the value of Jsc?	11118
{ "text": [ "14.66mAcm−2" ], "answer_start": [ 64 ] }	10.1016/j.carbon.2015.09.067	The Jsc, open-circuit voltage (Voc) and FF were estimated to be 14.66mAcm−2, 745mV, and 68.1, respectively.	What is the value of Jsc?	34648
{ "text": [ "0.96 V" ], "answer_start": [ 42 ] }	10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.04.057	Notably, the Voc increased from 0.91 V to 0.96 V and from 0.91 V to 0.93 V, respectively, and the FF greatly improved from 66% to more than 75%.	What is the value of Voc?	138
{ "text": [ "100mWcm−2" ], "answer_start": [ 205 ] }	10.1016/j.jechem.2018.01.030	To investigate the effect of PEA substitute on device performance, long-term stability tests of unsealed MAPbI3 and PEA-MAPbI3 MPSCs was carried out under simulated AM 1.5G illumination at an intensity of 100mWcm−2 in the air for more than 80 d.	What is the value of illumination?	11974
{ "text": [ "1.8%" ], "answer_start": [ 58 ] }	10.1016/j.solmat.2018.11.012	The device without the vacuum process achieved the PCE of 1.8%.	What is the value of PCE?	1286
{ "text": [ "69%" ], "answer_start": [ 177 ] }	10.1039/C8NJ04068K	The highest power conversion efficiency was obtained at 10 mM CDCA, in polymer PPNPP, achieving an overall conversion efficiency of 4.12% (Jsc = 7.2 mA cm−2, Voc = 0.76 V, FF = 69%).	What is the value of FF?	72997
{ "text": [ "0.84V" ], "answer_start": [ 97 ] }	10.1016/j.synthmet.2019.116189	The DSSC devices of those dyes (40-42) showed PCE=3.04–7.34%, Jsc=7.32–13.93 mAcm−2 and Voc=0.62-0.84V.	What is the value of Voc?	54024
{ "text": [ "FTO" ], "answer_start": [ 122 ] }	10.1016/j.ijleo.2016.07.092	This implies that at the low temperature, the electron lifetime increases and a high number of exited electrons reach the FTO substrate without loss.J-V characteristics were extracted for different fabricated solar cells sensitized by natural dyes.	What is substrate?	34594
{ "text": [ "8.22%" ], "answer_start": [ 52 ] }	10.1039/C8RA04091E	PCE increased in the order NiCoSe2-90 (7.56%) < Pt (8.22%) < NiCoSe2-180 (8.31%) < NiCoSe2-120 (8.48%) < NiCoSe2-150 (8.76%), which showed that NiCoSe2 alloy CEs exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activities for the reduction of I3−.	What is the value of PCE?	71910
{ "text": [ "10.2%" ], "answer_start": [ 108 ] }	10.1039/C4CC09888A	The best performing metal-free organic sensitizers to date are D–A dyes C219, with a 10.1% PCE and RK1 with 10.2% (Fig.	What is the value of PCE?	61647
{ "text": [ "14.83%" ], "answer_start": [ 30 ] }	10.1016/j.solener.2018.05.005	The best PCE is improved from 14.83% to 18.35% for MAPbI3-based PSCs.	What is the value of PCE?	2148
{ "text": [ "Co" ], "answer_start": [ 343 ] }	10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.11.063	Moreover, photocurrent density of the cell with Pt0.28Ni99.72 CE also shows no obvious decrease in comparison with Pt after several cycles, demonstrating that Pt0.28Ni99.72 alloy outperforms standard Pt in catalytic activity towards I3− reduction and this is a requirement for durable solar engines.Three programmable, binary PtxM100−x (M=Ni, Co, Fe) alloy with ultra-low Pt dosages have been fabricated as CEs for DSSC applications.	What is CEs?	28739
{ "text": [ "0.73 V" ], "answer_start": [ 112 ] }	10.1016/j.electacta.2015.06.022	Finally, the Voc values for the P25, TiCl4-post-treated, and Zr oxide-post-treated samples were 0.70, 0.74, and 0.73 V, respectively.	What is the value of Voc?	37843
{ "text": [ "0.95 V" ], "answer_start": [ 17 ] }	10.1039/C7SE00200A	7(c); the Voc is 0.95 V, Jsc is 21.5 mA cm−2, and FF is 65.3% and Voc of 1.03 V, Jsc of 20.8 mA cm−2, FF of 70.2%, respectively (Table 2).	What is the value of Voc?	16100
{ "text": [ "0.83 V" ], "answer_start": [ 78 ] }	10.1039/C2NR30586K	The new ECN–Pt composite CE device exhibited a Jsc of 14.35 mA cm−2, a Voc of 0.83 V, and a FF of 0.67, yielding a higher η of ∼8%.	What is the value of Voc?	61305
{ "text": [ "0.16 cm2" ], "answer_start": [ 38 ] }	10.1039/C6RA00738D	A metal mask with an aperture area of 0.16 cm2 was used to normalize the active area.	What is the value of active area?	68282
{ "text": [ "7.09%" ], "answer_start": [ 155 ] }	10.1016/j.solener.2016.08.040	A power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.58% for the Co0.85Se CE-based solar cell was obtained, which is comparable to that of cells using Pt CEs (8.57%); 7.09% PCE was obtained for the Ni0.85Se-based CE.	What is the value of PCE?	57372
{ "text": [ "0.387 V" ], "answer_start": [ 29 ] }	10.1016/j.ceramint.2013.07.065	At the same time, the Voc of 0.387 V for 2 h is higher than the one of 1 h, which may be related to the extent of the connection between the ZnO nanostructures within the thin film.	What is the value of Voc?	58158
{ "text": [ "CH3NH3PbI3−xClx" ], "answer_start": [ 52 ] }	10.1039/C7TC02822A	Then to promote the crystallization, those as grown CH3NH3PbI3−xClx perovskite films were simply placed on hot plate with MACl powder covered with petri dish at 100 °C.	What is perovskite?	12768
{ "text": [ "0.97V" ], "answer_start": [ 148 ] }	10.1016/j.materresbull.2018.06.036	It can be found that the open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 1D TiO2 nanofiber-based device (1.01V) is almost equal to 0D TiO2 nanoparticle-based device (0.97V).	What is the value of Voc?	1965
{ "text": [ "60s" ], "answer_start": [ 146 ] }	10.1016/j.renene.2014.06.043	For front side illuminated devices, the overall device efficiency (η) increases from 1.73% to 2.57% when the Pt sputtering time is increased from 60s to 120s.	What is the value of time?	30086
{ "text": [ "0.09 cm2" ], "answer_start": [ 73 ] }	10.1039/C7TA03150E	The cell size was 2 cm × 2 cm and the active area of each solar cell was 0.09 cm2, which was defined by the area of the Ag electrode.This work was financially supported by the NSFC (no.	What is the value of active area?	17085
{ "text": [ "0.25 cm2" ], "answer_start": [ 260 ] }	10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.01.005	The final concentrations of the polymer-gelled electrolytes were 0.5 M LiI, 0.05 M I2 and 0.5 M TBP.Gelled-type dye-sensitized solar cells were fabricated using FTO glass (20–25 Ω/□) as subtracts for both photoelectrode and counter-electrode An active area of 0.25 cm2 was selected from the sintered electrode, immersed in acetonitrile/teritiary butanol mixed solvent (volume ratio 1:1) containing 3 × 10−4M cis-di(thiocyanato) bis(2,2′-bipyridyl-4,4′-dicarboxylate)ruthenium (II) for 24 h, rinsed with acetone and dried.	What is the value of active area?	45932
{ "text": [ "4.32%" ], "answer_start": [ 84 ] }	10.1016/j.synthmet.2011.04.024	With a PEDOT CE, ff increased to 0.71, and Jsc decreased to 9.7 mA cm−2, so that η= 4.32%.	What is the value of η?	24176
{ "text": [ "19.01%" ], "answer_start": [ 208 ] }	10.1039/C8EE00036K	Here, we demonstrate that fluorine-containing hydrophobic Lewis acid LAD can be employed as an effective dopant for PTAA to replace state-of-the-art bi-dopants Li-TFSI/t-BP and realize a PCE value as high as 19.01%, a new record among the reported PSCs based on novel dopants for the HTL, with lower J–V hysteresis and much better long-term stability of up to 70 days under air exposure without encapsulation.	What is the value of PCE?	14312
{ "text": [ "7.70%" ], "answer_start": [ 75 ] }	10.1016/j.carbon.2014.12.099	The DSSC with this 3D hybrid L-GQDs/GF CE shows an enhanced efficiency (η= 7.70%), which is extremely close to that (η= 7.68%) of Pt.	What is the value of η?	56773
{ "text": [ "19.9 mA/cm2" ], "answer_start": [ 548 ] }	10.1016/j.cej.2017.07.160	The photocurrent density-voltage (J-V) curves of perovskite solar cells with Ti doped MoO2 ((e)) indicate that the Ti doped MoO2 HTM based device has 1.01 V open-circuit voltage (Voc), 20.0 mA/cm2 short-circuit current density (Jsc), 75.9% fill factor (FF), and 15.3% power conversion efficiency (η) for forward scan condition and 1.02 V Voc, 20.1 mA/cm2 Jsc, 77.3% FF, and 15.8% η for reverse scan condition, whereas the pristine MoO2 HTM based one has 1.01 V Voc, 19.7 mA/cm2 Jsc, 75.8% FF, and 15.1% η for forward scan condition and 1.01 V Voc, 19.9 mA/cm2 Jsc, 78.2% FF, and 15.7% η for reverse scan condition.	What is the value of Jsc?	1953
{ "text": [ "0.44 V" ], "answer_start": [ 110 ] }	10.1016/j.electacta.2004.11.003	After the composite electrode was coated with Al2O3, the Isc, Voc, FF and η were all improved to 21.9 mA/cm2, 0.44 V, 30.0% and 2.85%, respectively.	What is the value of Voc?	36512
{ "text": [ "100mW/cm2" ], "answer_start": [ 131 ] }	10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.227012	The photovoltaic parameters (J-V-curves) of the solar cells were determined with a digital multimeter (Keithley 2402) under AM1.5G 100mW/cm2 illumination using a solar simulator (Newport).	What is the value of illumination?	48408
{ "text": [ "sMoO3" ], "answer_start": [ 93 ] }	10.1039/C7NR04692H	5(a) shows the optimized device performances of the perovskite solar cells incorporating the sMoO3, sGeO2, sV2O5 and sCrO3 HTLs.	What is HTL?	21888
{ "text": [ "15.9%" ], "answer_start": [ 120 ] }	10.1039/C4MH00236A	So far the highest PCEs achieved from MMOPSC, MSSC and planar heterojunction perovskite solar cell (PHJPSC) are 17.01%, 15.9% (ref.	What is the value of PCE?	13274
{ "text": [ "0.703 V" ], "answer_start": [ 92 ] }	10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.09.003	Method 3 cells showed greatly improved performance, with Jsc, Voc, and FF of 18.54 mA cm−2, 0.703 V, and 0.600, respectively, with η of 7.83%.	What is the value of Voc?	964
{ "text": [ "11.28%" ], "answer_start": [ 38 ] }	10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.08.078	The best performance yielded a PCE of 11.28%, with a VOC of 0.9767V, a JSC of 18.26mAcm−2 and a FF of 63.23%, which measured the devices based on the hybrid C counter electrode with 1% CuS from forward bias.	What is the value of PCE?	9260
{ "text": [ "18.83mAcm−2" ], "answer_start": [ 584 ] }	10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.07.112	It is clearly seen that only one semicircle in the Nyquist diagram representing recombination resistance (Rr) responding to the interface resistance of the planar PSCs according with experimental results reported in literature is obtained (a) shows J-V curves of the champion devices with and without IPA treatment using FTO/TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au architecture, where the highest PCE with IPA treatment calculated is 15.10% with a Jsc of 20.15mAcm−2, a Voc of 1.013V, a FF of 73.79%, by contrast, the highest PCE without IPA treatment calculated is only 12.18% with a Jsc of 18.83mAcm−2, a Voc of 0.960V, a FF of 67.38%.According to the J-V curves, the maximum power outputs are calculated to determine the maximum bias voltage of 0.76V (with IPA treatment) and 0.72V (without IPA treatment) respectively.	What is the value of Jsc?	5639
{ "text": [ "TiO2" ], "answer_start": [ 171 ] }	10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.10.062	The Co9S8 and reduced graphene oxide were also prepared by the same hydrothermal process except without the presence of GO and cobalt chloride hexahydrate, respectively.A TiO2 photoanode was prepared with a simple doctor-blade method to coat TiO2 paste on the FTO conductive glass referring to our previous work DSSC was assembled with a dye-sensitized TiO2 photoanode, a counter electrode, and an acetonitrile electrolyte to form a sandwich-type cell.	What is photoanode?	33367
{ "text": [ "742 mV" ], "answer_start": [ 151 ] }	10.1039/C3RA42161A	The small efficiency improvement is mainly related to the short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) and open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) increasing from 742 mV and 5.30 mA cm−2 to 775 mV and 6.06 mA cm−2, respectively, because of the better light-harvesting capacity of PPTZCZ than PPTZF due to replacement of the F unit with CZ.Furthermore, the PTPACZ cell yielded an efficiency of 4.4% with a Jsc of 8.12 mA cm−2 and a Voc of 769 mV, because TPA has much better donor-capability than PTZ.	What is the value of Voc?	62836
{ "text": [ "25" ], "answer_start": [ 95 ] }	10.1039/C3RA22458A	A high-efficiency DSSC of 6.8% was achieved using an N719-sensitized ZnO NW/NP photoanode with 25 μm.We are grateful for the financial support provided by the National Science Council under Contract No.	What is ZnO?	67211
{ "text": [ "100mWcm−2" ], "answer_start": [ 236 ] }	10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.08.063	Due to above merits, DSSC based on TiO2/ZnIn2S4 hetero-junction photoanode achieves a greatly enhanced short-circuit current density, leading to an improved photoelectric conversion efficiency of 8.09% under full sunlight illumination (100mWcm−2, AM 1.5G), which is almost 14.43% higher than that of the pure TiO2-based DSSC (7.07%).The TiO2/ZnIn2S4 heterojunction photoanode can be expected to substitute for the conventional TiO2 photoanode due to the increased visible light utilizing efficiency, reduced recombination rate of photo-generated electron-hole pairs, and accelerated photoinduced electrons migration process in the dye-sensitized solar cell, which leads to the improvement of JSC and VOC and enhancement of photoelectric conversion efficiency.The dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) has been regarded as a promising candidate for the next-generation large-area solar cell due to its low cost, eco-friendly fabrication process over conventional silicon photovoltaic devices, and decent conversion efficiency, since the first endeavor and the great break through by Grätzel and O'Regan in 1991 Because the incident light transportation, the dye adsorption as well as the electron transmission efficiency are susceptible to the mesoporous structure of photoanode, the photoanode affects the performance of a DSSC most significantly However, the photoelectric performance of the DSSC with sole TiO2 anode has been limited by the low visible light utilizing efficiency and the fast recombination rate of photo-generated electron-hole pairs In this study, we developed a facile method for the fabrication of TiO2/ZnIn2S4-based hetero-junction photoanode by doping the as-prepared ZnIn2S4 into TiO2 slurry.	What is the value of illumination?	34673
{ "text": [ "4.99%" ], "answer_start": [ 235 ] }	10.1016/j.solener.2015.11.015	It was found that dye 80 (J= 11.00, Voc= 0.76 and η= 5.64%) and 81 (Jsc= 11.48, Voc= 0.77 and η= 6.04%) with longer hydrocarbon chains showed better performance than dye 79 with shorter hydrocarbon chains (Jsc= 10.29, Voc= 0.71 and η= 4.99%).) a series of dyes comprising a triphenylamine moiety as the electron donor, and a cyanoacrylic acid or a carboxylic acid moiety as the electron acceptor and utilized for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) .	What is the value of η?	53147
{ "text": [ "0.72 V" ], "answer_start": [ 405 ] }	10.1039/C6NJ00634E	Therefore the increase in the Jsc might be attributed to the presence of three additional electron-pushing dodecyloxy chains on the periphery of the ZnP6C sensitizer, which enhances the intermolecular charge transfer and is favourable for suppressing the formation of dye aggregates and preventing the penetration of the I3− ions of the electrolyte into the semiconductor film, resulting in a higher Voc (0.72 V).	What is the value of Voc?	74387
{ "text": [ "1.12V" ], "answer_start": [ 108 ] }	10.1016/j.spmi.2019.04.007	The variation of Voc as function of hole transport layer thickness is presented in -b where it is around of 1.12V for CH3NH3PbI3 –based structure and 0.8V for CH3NH3SnI3–based structure.	What is the value of Voc?	1817
{ "text": [ "17.80mAcm−2" ], "answer_start": [ 103 ] }	10.1016/j.cej.2017.10.043	Remarkably, the NiCo0.2@C demonstrates the best photovoltaic performance with a Voc of 780mV, a Jsc of 17.80mAcm−2, and a FF of 0.67, while the increase of the Co doping concentration results in the degeneration of the photovoltaic performance.	What is the value of Jsc?	23352
{ "text": [ "843 mV" ], "answer_start": [ 163 ] }	10.1039/C5EE03309H	4c and the averaged photovoltaic parameters of 4 cells are tabulated in Table 2.Dye C286 has a short-circuit photocurrent density (JSC) of 14.54 mA cm−2, a VOC of 843 mV, and a fill factor (FF) of 73.7%, generating a PCE of 9.0%.	What is the value of VOC?	71752
{ "text": [ "6.04%" ], "answer_start": [ 258 ] }	10.1016/j.electacta.2017.08.089	The DSSCs based on FWDs exhibited well performances: the short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 10.04, 10.91 and 9.12 mA cm−2, respectively; the open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.77, 0.75 and 0.78 V, respectively; the power conversion efficiency (η) of 5.65%, 6.04% and 5.19%, respectively.	What is the value of η?	55246
{ "text": [ "0.731V" ], "answer_start": [ 143 ] }	10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.09.007	The DSSCs based on 3.3μm of the nanocrystalline layer and 10.5μm of the sub-microspheres layer (N1S3) show a highest η (10.34%) accompanied by 0.731V in Voc and 19.36mAcm−2 in Jsc.	What is the value of Voc?	43935
{ "text": [ "0.275mA/cm2" ], "answer_start": [ 131 ] }	10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.06.003	With the ionic liquid as electrolyte, the solar cells C1-EL3 result in even lower photochemical parameters, being VOC =256mV, JSC =0.275mA/cm2, and η=0.101%.	What is the value of JSC?	41127
{ "text": [ "6.04%" ], "answer_start": [ 109 ] }	10.1039/C7CP04642A	It was found that the PCEs of the devices increased in the order of LX1 > LX2 > LX3, with the highest PCE of 6.04% corresponding to a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 11.67 mA cm−2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 730 mV and a fill factor (FF) of 0.71 achieved for the LX1-based cell, which bears acrylic acid as the π-bridged acceptor.	What is the value of PCE?	72607
{ "text": [ "6.26%" ], "answer_start": [ 201 ] }	10.1039/C6RA07893A	The DSSC sensitized with a mixture of K-60 and Y1 exhibited an overall PCE of 8.19% (Jsc = 14.95 mA cm−2, Voc = 0.59 V and FF = 0.71) higher than that for DSSC sensitized with a single K-60 dye (PCE = 6.26%).	What is the value of PCE?	68050
{ "text": [ "0.36cm2" ], "answer_start": [ 83 ] }	10.1016/j.dyepig.2014.12.022	The area of the aperture in the mask was smaller than the active area of the TiO2 (0.36cm2).	What is the value of active area?	47423
{ "text": [ "1.01V" ], "answer_start": [ 44 ] }	10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.03.014	As prepared 3D perovskite device has Voc of 1.01V, Jsc of 23.66mAcm−2, and FF of 72.40%, giving a PCE of 17.30% in reverse scan.	What is the value of Voc?	2871
{ "text": [ "FTO" ], "answer_start": [ 183 ] }	10.1016/j.electacta.2014.07.032	The electron transfer back from TiO2 in the shell of TCNF to electrolyte is negligible, because the carbon core can collect these electrons from TiO2 in the shell and transfer to the FTO substrate.Electrospun TiO2/carbon coaxial-structured nanofibers (TCNFs), used as the photoanode of a DSSC, were successfully fabricated by coaxial electrospinning.	What is substrate?	56506
{ "text": [ "69.3%" ], "answer_start": [ 145 ] }	10.1039/C8TA11361K	Moreover, a control device based on doped spiro-OMeTAD achieved an efficiency of 15.2% with a Jsc of 21.44 mA cm−2, a Voc of 1.03 V and an FF of 69.3%.	What is the value of FF?	13575
{ "text": [ "TiO2" ], "answer_start": [ 13 ] }	10.1039/C2JM15182K	Finally, the TiO2 film was immersed in a 5 × 10−4 M solution of N719 dye (Solaronix SA, Switzerland) in acetonitrile/tert-butanol (volume ratio 1:1) for 22 h to obtain the photoanode.	What is photoanode?	71043
{ "text": [ "TiO2" ], "answer_start": [ 13 ] }	10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.07.060	A 20μm-thick TiO2 film embedded with N719 dye was used as the photoanode in the I3−/I− electrolyte based DSSCs.	What is photoanode?	31968
{ "text": [ "6.92%" ], "answer_start": [ 169 ] }	10.1016/j.nanoen.2014.09.014	An optimized η of 8.77% is obtained for the DSSC with the NS film, which represents 26.7% improvement with respect to the value obtained for the DSSC with the P25 film (6.92%).Supplementary data associated with this article can be found in the online version at Jia-De Peng received his M.Sc.	What is the value of η?	35156
{ "text": [ "0.97 V" ], "answer_start": [ 133 ] }	10.1039/C7CP02523H	This is attributed to a further improved JSC (23.69 mA cm−2) and FF (0.71) while the VOC (0.96 V) value is slightly lower than that (0.97 V) of the perovskite solar cell with PCBM/C60.	What is the value of VOC?	13165
{ "text": [ "806 mV" ], "answer_start": [ 105 ] }	10.1016/j.nanoen.2014.06.019	When compared with TNP cells, a substantially higher Jsc (15.29 mA cm−2vs 11.19 mA cm−2), Voc (822 mV vs 806 mV) was obtained in the case of devices fabricating with the HBTNW photoanodes; this represented a 28% increase in PCE (8.11% vs 6.32%).	What is the value of Voc?	28709
{ "text": [ "0.631 V" ], "answer_start": [ 74 ] }	10.1039/B814529F	And the DSSCs with MWCNTs (Cell B) showed a Jsc of 6.35 mA cm−2, a Voc of 0.631 V and a FF of 0.719 to yield η = 7.4%.	What is the value of Voc?	61667
{ "text": [ "12.90%" ], "answer_start": [ 164 ] }	10.1016/j.orgel.2017.11.044	The optimized HPbI3 concentration is 1.6M, and the corresponding perovskite solar cells exhibit an average Voc of 902mV, Jsc of 21.6mAcm−2, FF of 66.3%, and PCE of 12.90%, which is comparable to the PCEs of HTM-free perovskite solar cells prepared from high pure PbI2 sources a.	What is the value of PCE?	6297
{ "text": [ "0.78V" ], "answer_start": [ 253 ] }	10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.104099	This encourages us to simultaneously increase the thickness of the Sn–Pb mixed perovskite absorber film to enhance the light harvest.Here, we show that the VOC of Sn–Pb mixed perovskite devices can be significantly enhanced by up to 70mV, from 0.71V to 0.78V, by using PEABr as the surface passivator.	What is the value of VOC?	9742
{ "text": [ "0.25cm2" ], "answer_start": [ 57 ] }	10.1016/j.solener.2019.01.042	50μm polymer spacer and the active area of the cells was 0.25cm2.	What is the value of active area?	59767
{ "text": [ "8.11%" ], "answer_start": [ 84 ] }	10.1016/S1872-2067(19)63361-9	It was notable that the DSSC fabricated with the as-constructed CE yielded a PCE of 8.11%.	What is the value of PCE?	36830
{ "text": [ "ITO" ], "answer_start": [ 309 ] }	10.1016/j.dyepig.2016.10.046	In addition and interestingly, only the domain size of the DPP-Th:P3HT blend were found to be affected since no significant differences were monitored for the DPP-Tz based thin-film, which is consistent with the PV and EQE results.In parallel, electron-mobility (μe) were determined on electron-only devices (ITO/DPP-Th or DPP-Tz/LiF/Al) using the space-charge limited current (SCLC) method (The highest efficiencies were recorded for DPP-Tz based SCs.	What is ?	11033
{ "text": [ "TiO2" ], "answer_start": [ 147 ] }	10.1016/j.jphotochem.2011.05.022	They display a longer fluorescent lifetime, which indicate a slower rate of internal charge recombination and a higher injection efficiency to the TiO2 conducting band.According to the solvent dependence of the fluorescence spectra of dyes A and B, it is without doubt that both the meta and para-isomers were able to induce a significant charge separation upon photo-excitation.	What is ?	29657
{ "text": [ "0.77 V" ], "answer_start": [ 65 ] }	10.1039/C3CS60449G	The best conversion efficiency of 1.61% was achieved with Voc of 0.77 V, Jsc of 4.94 mA cm−2, and FF of 0.39 when illuminated with an air mass 1.5 solar cell simulator.	What is the value of Voc?	72646
{ "text": [ "14.37%" ], "answer_start": [ 382 ] }	10.1016/j.orgel.2019.01.016	The passivated device yields a significant enhancement in the performance compared with that of the control device, which mainly originate from a markedly enhanced fill factor (FF) from 65.41% to 78.70%, as well as a mildly increased short circuit current (JSC) from 21.12mAcm−2 to 21.93mAcm−2 and open-circuit voltage (VOC) from 1.04V to 1.06V, which result in a PCE increase from 14.37% to 18.30%.	What is the value of PCE?	1998
{ "text": [ "5.24%" ], "answer_start": [ 27 ] }	10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.03.181	Although the efficiency (η=5.24%) of carbon derived from Bpy device was lower than that of Pt device (η=5.51%), for some of the parameters including Voc or FF are comparable while Jsc of the carbon (Jsc=13.10mAcm−2) based device is higher than Pt based device (Jsc=11.80mAcm−2).	What is the value of η?	26528
{ "text": [ "0.679 V" ], "answer_start": [ 159 ] }	10.1016/j.tet.2008.08.045	Under standard global AM 1.5 solar condition, the JK-77 cell gave the short circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 12.89 mA cm−2, open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.679 V, and a fill factor of 0.73, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency of 6.43%.	What is the value of Voc?	51077
{ "text": [ "1.83%" ], "answer_start": [ 153 ] }	10.1016/j.matchemphys.2010.07.052	The η, FF, VOC, and JSC of the DSCs corresponding to (a), the DSC with the ZnO photoelectrode deposited at 2.0 g of PEG, shows the maximum efficiency of 1.83%, photovoltage of 463 mV, and photocurrent of 7.2 mA cm−2.	What is the value of η?	55802
{ "text": [ "CH3NH3PbI3" ], "answer_start": [ 516 ] }	10.1039/C4TA04997G	The increased grain boundaries in the P3HT/(2 wt% BCNs) composite could be another contributing factor for the increased charge recombination, leading to reduced device efficiency.Since an efficient interfacial charge transport between MAPbI3 perovskite and the HTM layer is crucial for the performance of perovskite solar cells, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy was employed to study the evolution of the interfacial charge transfer process between the HTM film based on the prepared P3HT/BCN composites and the CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite light absorbing layer.	What is perovskite?	12663
{ "text": [ "4.8 Ωcm2" ], "answer_start": [ 37 ] }	10.1016/j.nanoen.2014.11.032	In contrast, the Rct value of Pt was 4.8 Ωcm2, higher than those of the SCS, OCS, and HSC (4.6, 3.7, and 4.2 Ωcm2).	What is the value of Rct?	56491

{ "text": [ "9.07%" ], "answer_start": [ 195 ] }

10.1016/j.carbon.2016.05.018

For the DSSC with Pt/FTO electrode, the short-circuit current density (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF), and power conversion efficiency (η) were 16.68mA/cm2, 0.78V, 0.70%, and 9.07%, respectively.

What is the value of η?

52516

{ "text": [ "4.87%" ], "answer_start": [ 199 ] }

10.1016/j.dyepig.2009.04.005

The dye SD2 shows prominent η values of 6.22% (Jsc=13.57 mA/cm2, Voc=0.68V, FF=0.672) and 6.21% (Jsc=11.56 mA/cm2, Voc=0.70V, FF=0.765) in EtOH and CH3CN, respectively, while the same dye gives only 4.87%, 4.02%, 3.73% and 3.57% η values if the dye baths are changed to toluene, CHCl3, DMF and THF, respectively.

What is the value of η?

33865

{ "text": [ "14.81%" ], "answer_start": [ 151 ] }

10.1016/j.electacta.2017.10.085

Consequently, comparing with LHTM-1, CH3NH3PbI3-based PSC employing carbazole-based LHTM-2 as HTM achieves higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.81%, which is comparable to Spiro-OMeTAD-based device (PCE = 16.07%).

What is the value of PCE?

2582

{ "text": [ "0.30 cm2" ], "answer_start": [ 50 ] }

10.1016/j.electacta.2015.02.093

The active area and the thickness of the film are 0.30 cm2 and 15 μm, respectively.

What is the value of active area?

34176

{ "text": [ "0.25cm2" ], "answer_start": [ 73 ] }

10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.12.123

The active area of the resulting cell exposed in light was approximately 0.25cm2.The morphology and microstructure of the NU-ZnO film was examined using a JEOL JSM-6701 F field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM) and a JEOL JEM-3010 transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

What is the value of active area?

28563

{ "text": [ "7.51%" ], "answer_start": [ 94 ] }

10.1016/j.nanoms.2019.03.004

The PCE of the former increased to 8.17%, whereas the PCE of the latter dropped from 7.92% to 7.51% after 4 weeks.Composites of carbon nanomaterials were investigated as the counter electrode of DSSCs as well.

What is the value of PCE?

42203

{ "text": [ "0.88 V" ], "answer_start": [ 306 ] }

10.1039/C4TA05012F

Consistent with our previous finding, the device fabricated by adding 1% 1,8-diiodooctane (1,8-DIO) exhibited a much higher PCEMAx of 11.62% with a VOC of 0.92 V, a JSC of 17.40 mA cm−2, and a FF of 0.73 compared to that of the control device which only showed a PCEMAx of ∼9.8% and a relatively poor VOC (0.88 V), JSC (17.15 mA cm−2), and FF (0.65).

What is the value of VOC?

16299

{ "text": [ "0.904 V" ], "answer_start": [ 234 ] }

10.1039/C5TA01129A

For comparison, the device based on MAPbI3 was also fabricated under the same conditions and showed a power conversion efficiency of 10.51% with a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 17.36 mA cm−2, an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.904 V and a fill factor (FF) of 0.67.

What is the value of VOC?

15031

{ "text": [ "28.98Ω" ], "answer_start": [ 107 ] }

10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.03.153

The smallest Rct (3.14Ω) is detected for the Co2N-MC-4 and even much lower than that of traditional Pt CE (28.98Ω), illustrating the excellent catalytic activity of Co2N-MC-4 composite when used as the CE material in DSSC.

What is the value of Rct?

59633

{ "text": [ "4.32%" ], "answer_start": [ 135 ] }

10.1039/C1JM14778A

The best efficiency (Voc = 0.71 V, Jsc = 9.45 mA cm−2, FF = 63.5%, η = 4.25%) is quite close to that using a Pt/FTO counter electrode (4.32%), as listed in Table 2, suggesting the graphene films are very promising counter electrodes for DSSCs.Apparently, although the Jsc of graphene-containing DSSCs is lower than those using FTO, such a high efficiency is mainly attributed to the significant improvement in the FF from 49.8% to 63.5%.

What is the value of η?

76840

{ "text": [ "glass" ], "answer_start": [ 9 ] }

10.1016/j.synthmet.2017.02.015

Over the glass substrate (bottom), the layers that compose the cell, i.e.

What is substrate?

34356

{ "text": [ "4.83%" ], "answer_start": [ 117 ] }

10.1016/j.energy.2015.05.133

As displayed in , when the photoanode is fabricated by only one layer of TiO2 nanoparticles, the DSSC has a low η of 4.83%.

What is the value of η?

35288

{ "text": [ "848mV" ], "answer_start": [ 172 ] }

10.1016/j.dyepig.2018.10.018

Among these dyes, the DSSCs fabricated with W03 employing cobalt electrolyte achieves an excellent power conversion efficiency of 9.43%, with open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 848mV, Jsc of 16.2mAcm−2, and fill factor of 0.70 under simulated AM 1.5G conditions.

What is the value of Voc?

44271

{ "text": [ "TiO2" ], "answer_start": [ 36 ] }

10.1039/C2JM16131A

The longer electron lifetime in the TiO2 thin film of a DSSC has to do with the increased VOC of the cells.

What is ?

65704

{ "text": [ "I3−/I−" ], "answer_start": [ 143 ] }

10.1039/C5RA26307G

The VOC of a DSSC is the difference between the Fermi level of its semiconductor (here TiO2) and the redox potential of its redox couple (here I3−/I−).

What is redox couple?

71564

{ "text": [ "22.17mAcm−2" ], "answer_start": [ 64 ] }

10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.03.081

The other device parameters of the PSC are Voc of 1.07V, Jsc of 22.17mAcm−2 and FF of 77.44% clearly showing significant improvement over the control device (PCE of 16.15%, Voc of 1.03V, Jsc of 21.51mAcm−2 and FF of 72.73%).

What is the value of Jsc?

8982

{ "text": [ "8.79mAcm−2" ], "answer_start": [ 341 ] }

10.1016/j.tsf.2019.02.011

Under the simulated solar irradiation of 100mWcm−2 (AM 1.5G), the flexible DSSC with a Ti mesh-supported “TNWAs/YEF-TiO2-UCNPs60%P2540%” composite structure achieved a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 12.81mAcm−2 and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.54%, showing improvements of 45.7% and 37.8% as compared with TNWAs/P25100% (8.79mAcm−2, 4.02%), respectively.Up-conversion luminescent materials can convert lower energy (near-infrared (NIR) or infrared (IR)) photons to high energy (ultraviolet or visible) photons via multiphoton mechanism [], and its luminescent property is mainly dependent on two factors: host materials and dopants [].

What is the value of Jsc?

43876

{ "text": [ "TiO2" ], "answer_start": [ 28 ] }

10.1039/C8TA11487K

After cooling to 80 °C, the TiO2 films were immersed in 5 × 10−4 M solution of N719 dye in ethanol for 20 h.The dye-sensitized photoanode (area: 0.16 cm2) was assembled with a platinized counter electrode with the corresponding electrolyte injected into the cell.

What is photoanode?

70679

{ "text": [ "18.97%" ], "answer_start": [ 136 ] }

10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.226914

Interestingly, when 5% PbBr2 added into the CH3NH3PbI3 solution, the Jsc increases to 23.37mAcm−2, Voc to 1.08V, FF to 0.75, and PCE to 18.97%.

What is the value of PCE?

9917

{ "text": [ "70%" ], "answer_start": [ 385 ] }

10.1039/C8TA08503J

The PSC devices made with CW4 (35) as the HTM with tBP and LiTFSI as additives outperformed the spiro-OMeTAD (PCE = 14.32%, JSC = 19.35 mA cm−2, VOC = 1.02 V, and FF = 73%)-based device with a PCE of 16.56% (JSC = 21.75 mA cm−2, VOC = 1.05 V, and FF = 72%), whereas CW3 (34) and CW5 (36)-based PSCs exhibited a JSC of 16.49 and 15.39 mA cm−2, VOC of 0.989 V and 1.005 V, FF of 67% and 70%, and PCE of 10.94% and 10.76%, respectively, under similar fabrication conditions.Wang et al.

What is the value of FF?

14495

{ "text": [ "74.64%" ], "answer_start": [ 162 ] }

10.1039/C6TA05008E

The photovoltaic device with the mp-TiO2-La2O3 ETL exhibits a notable increase in Jsc from 18.73 to 20.84 mA cm−2, Voc from 0.90 to 1.01 V, and FF from 65.73% to 74.64%.

What is the value of FF?

22279

{ "text": [ "Al" ], "answer_start": [ 217 ] }

10.1016/j.cclet.2016.06.021

These results demonstrate that CuOx can be used as HTL replacing PEDOT:PSS for high performance PVSCs.According to the above results, we fabricated the inverted PHJ PVSCs in the structure of ITO/HTL/MAPbI3/PC61BM/ZnO/Al without and with different HTLs of CuOx and PEDOT:PSS (.

What is ITO?

7715

{ "text": [ "0.81 V" ], "answer_start": [ 70 ] }

10.1039/C3EE24345A

As a consequence, the modest increment of VOC observed in the ML-DSC (0.81 V vs.

What is the value of VOC?

66521

{ "text": [ "63.52%" ], "answer_start": [ 172 ] }

10.1039/C6TA03740B

When the spirobifluorene unit was added in the phenothiazine donor, the DSSC based on JA3 exhibited a PCE of 6.27%, with the Voc of 800 mV, Jsc of 12.33 mA cm−2, and FF of 63.52%.

What is the value of FF?

66145

{ "text": [ "19.3%" ], "answer_start": [ 36 ] }

10.1039/C5NR05207F

reported a planar PSC with a PCE of 19.3% using precise interface engineering.

What is the value of PCE?

20248

{ "text": [ "17.01mAcm−2" ], "answer_start": [ 57 ] }

10.1016/j.materresbull.2018.04.017

DSSC based on the referenced TiO2 photoanode gives a JSC=17.01mAcm−2, VOC=0.73V, and FF=0.63, resulting in a PCE=7.82%.

What is the value of JSC?

28969

{ "text": [ "71.4%" ], "answer_start": [ 82 ] }

10.1016/j.dyepig.2018.12.010

The HFB-OMeDPA-based devices yielded a VOC of 1.09V, a JSC of 19.9mAcm−2, a FF of 71.4%, leading to an average PCE of 15.4%.

What is the value of FF?

9817

{ "text": [ "FTO" ], "answer_start": [ 182 ] }

10.1016/j.egyr.2018.01.007

It is also implying that DSSCs made of ZrO2 surface passivated ZnO/TiO2 compact photoanode layer is effective in minimizing charge recombination rate and favors charge collection by FTO substrate than that of ZnO/TiO2 photoanode alone.

What is substrate?

38000

{ "text": [ "100mWcm−2" ], "answer_start": [ 123 ] }

10.1016/j.dyepig.2011.06.017

The intensity of the illumination was calibrated with a standard silicon reference cell (Fraunhofer ISE) to provide 1 sun (100mWcm−2).

What is the value of illumination?

30555

{ "text": [ "13.04mAcm−2" ], "answer_start": [ 167 ] }

10.1016/j.spmi.2016.09.020

With the increase of CH3NH3PbI3−xBrx thin film thickness, the short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc) and fill factor (FF) increased from 13.04mAcm−2, 0.81V and 0.57, 16.86mAcm−2, 0.93V and 0.65–19.12mAcm−2, 0.96V and 0.66.

What is the value of Jsc?

11118

{ "text": [ "14.66mAcm−2" ], "answer_start": [ 64 ] }

10.1016/j.carbon.2015.09.067

The Jsc, open-circuit voltage (Voc) and FF were estimated to be 14.66mAcm−2, 745mV, and 68.1, respectively.

What is the value of Jsc?

34648

{ "text": [ "0.96 V" ], "answer_start": [ 42 ] }

10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.04.057

Notably, the Voc increased from 0.91 V to 0.96 V and from 0.91 V to 0.93 V, respectively, and the FF greatly improved from 66% to more than 75%.

What is the value of Voc?

138

{ "text": [ "100mWcm−2" ], "answer_start": [ 205 ] }

10.1016/j.jechem.2018.01.030

To investigate the effect of PEA substitute on device performance, long-term stability tests of unsealed MAPbI3 and PEA-MAPbI3 MPSCs was carried out under simulated AM 1.5G illumination at an intensity of 100mWcm−2 in the air for more than 80 d.

What is the value of illumination?

11974

{ "text": [ "1.8%" ], "answer_start": [ 58 ] }

10.1016/j.solmat.2018.11.012

The device without the vacuum process achieved the PCE of 1.8%.

What is the value of PCE?

1286

{ "text": [ "69%" ], "answer_start": [ 177 ] }

10.1039/C8NJ04068K

The highest power conversion efficiency was obtained at 10 mM CDCA, in polymer PPNPP, achieving an overall conversion efficiency of 4.12% (Jsc = 7.2 mA cm−2, Voc = 0.76 V, FF = 69%).

What is the value of FF?

72997

{ "text": [ "0.84V" ], "answer_start": [ 97 ] }

10.1016/j.synthmet.2019.116189

The DSSC devices of those dyes (40-42) showed PCE=3.04–7.34%, Jsc=7.32–13.93 mAcm−2 and Voc=0.62-0.84V.

What is the value of Voc?

54024

{ "text": [ "FTO" ], "answer_start": [ 122 ] }

10.1016/j.ijleo.2016.07.092

This implies that at the low temperature, the electron lifetime increases and a high number of exited electrons reach the FTO substrate without loss.J-V characteristics were extracted for different fabricated solar cells sensitized by natural dyes.

What is substrate?

34594

{ "text": [ "8.22%" ], "answer_start": [ 52 ] }

10.1039/C8RA04091E

PCE increased in the order NiCoSe2-90 (7.56%) < Pt (8.22%) < NiCoSe2-180 (8.31%) < NiCoSe2-120 (8.48%) < NiCoSe2-150 (8.76%), which showed that NiCoSe2 alloy CEs exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activities for the reduction of I3−.

What is the value of PCE?

71910

{ "text": [ "10.2%" ], "answer_start": [ 108 ] }

10.1039/C4CC09888A

The best performing metal-free organic sensitizers to date are D–A dyes C219, with a 10.1% PCE and RK1 with 10.2% (Fig.

What is the value of PCE?

61647

{ "text": [ "14.83%" ], "answer_start": [ 30 ] }

10.1016/j.solener.2018.05.005

The best PCE is improved from 14.83% to 18.35% for MAPbI3-based PSCs.

What is the value of PCE?

2148

{ "text": [ "Co" ], "answer_start": [ 343 ] }

10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.11.063

Moreover, photocurrent density of the cell with Pt0.28Ni99.72 CE also shows no obvious decrease in comparison with Pt after several cycles, demonstrating that Pt0.28Ni99.72 alloy outperforms standard Pt in catalytic activity towards I3− reduction and this is a requirement for durable solar engines.Three programmable, binary PtxM100−x (M=Ni, Co, Fe) alloy with ultra-low Pt dosages have been fabricated as CEs for DSSC applications.

What is CEs?

28739

{ "text": [ "0.73 V" ], "answer_start": [ 112 ] }

10.1016/j.electacta.2015.06.022

Finally, the Voc values for the P25, TiCl4-post-treated, and Zr oxide-post-treated samples were 0.70, 0.74, and 0.73 V, respectively.

What is the value of Voc?

37843

{ "text": [ "0.95 V" ], "answer_start": [ 17 ] }

10.1039/C7SE00200A

7(c); the Voc is 0.95 V, Jsc is 21.5 mA cm−2, and FF is 65.3% and Voc of 1.03 V, Jsc of 20.8 mA cm−2, FF of 70.2%, respectively (Table 2).

What is the value of Voc?

16100

{ "text": [ "0.83 V" ], "answer_start": [ 78 ] }

10.1039/C2NR30586K

The new ECN–Pt composite CE device exhibited a Jsc of 14.35 mA cm−2, a Voc of 0.83 V, and a FF of 0.67, yielding a higher η of ∼8%.

What is the value of Voc?

61305

{ "text": [ "0.16 cm2" ], "answer_start": [ 38 ] }

10.1039/C6RA00738D

A metal mask with an aperture area of 0.16 cm2 was used to normalize the active area.

What is the value of active area?

68282

{ "text": [ "7.09%" ], "answer_start": [ 155 ] }

10.1016/j.solener.2016.08.040

A power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.58% for the Co0.85Se CE-based solar cell was obtained, which is comparable to that of cells using Pt CEs (8.57%); 7.09% PCE was obtained for the Ni0.85Se-based CE.

What is the value of PCE?

57372

{ "text": [ "0.387 V" ], "answer_start": [ 29 ] }

10.1016/j.ceramint.2013.07.065

At the same time, the Voc of 0.387 V for 2 h is higher than the one of 1 h, which may be related to the extent of the connection between the ZnO nanostructures within the thin film.

What is the value of Voc?

58158

{ "text": [ "CH3NH3PbI3−xClx" ], "answer_start": [ 52 ] }

10.1039/C7TC02822A

Then to promote the crystallization, those as grown CH3NH3PbI3−xClx perovskite films were simply placed on hot plate with MACl powder covered with petri dish at 100 °C.

What is perovskite?

12768

{ "text": [ "0.97V" ], "answer_start": [ 148 ] }

10.1016/j.materresbull.2018.06.036

It can be found that the open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 1D TiO2 nanofiber-based device (1.01V) is almost equal to 0D TiO2 nanoparticle-based device (0.97V).

What is the value of Voc?

1965

{ "text": [ "60s" ], "answer_start": [ 146 ] }

10.1016/j.renene.2014.06.043

For front side illuminated devices, the overall device efficiency (η) increases from 1.73% to 2.57% when the Pt sputtering time is increased from 60s to 120s.

What is the value of time?

30086

{ "text": [ "0.09 cm2" ], "answer_start": [ 73 ] }

10.1039/C7TA03150E

The cell size was 2 cm × 2 cm and the active area of each solar cell was 0.09 cm2, which was defined by the area of the Ag electrode.This work was financially supported by the NSFC (no.

What is the value of active area?

17085

{ "text": [ "0.25 cm2" ], "answer_start": [ 260 ] }

10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.01.005

The final concentrations of the polymer-gelled electrolytes were 0.5 M LiI, 0.05 M I2 and 0.5 M TBP.Gelled-type dye-sensitized solar cells were fabricated using FTO glass (20–25 Ω/□) as subtracts for both photoelectrode and counter-electrode An active area of 0.25 cm2 was selected from the sintered electrode, immersed in acetonitrile/teritiary butanol mixed solvent (volume ratio 1:1) containing 3 × 10−4M cis-di(thiocyanato) bis(2,2′-bipyridyl-4,4′-dicarboxylate)ruthenium (II) for 24 h, rinsed with acetone and dried.

What is the value of active area?

45932

{ "text": [ "4.32%" ], "answer_start": [ 84 ] }

10.1016/j.synthmet.2011.04.024

With a PEDOT CE, ff increased to 0.71, and Jsc decreased to 9.7 mA cm−2, so that η= 4.32%.

What is the value of η?

24176

{ "text": [ "19.01%" ], "answer_start": [ 208 ] }

10.1039/C8EE00036K

Here, we demonstrate that fluorine-containing hydrophobic Lewis acid LAD can be employed as an effective dopant for PTAA to replace state-of-the-art bi-dopants Li-TFSI/t-BP and realize a PCE value as high as 19.01%, a new record among the reported PSCs based on novel dopants for the HTL, with lower J–V hysteresis and much better long-term stability of up to 70 days under air exposure without encapsulation.

What is the value of PCE?

14312

{ "text": [ "7.70%" ], "answer_start": [ 75 ] }

10.1016/j.carbon.2014.12.099

The DSSC with this 3D hybrid L-GQDs/GF CE shows an enhanced efficiency (η= 7.70%), which is extremely close to that (η= 7.68%) of Pt.

What is the value of η?

56773

{ "text": [ "19.9 mA/cm2" ], "answer_start": [ 548 ] }

10.1016/j.cej.2017.07.160

The photocurrent density-voltage (J-V) curves of perovskite solar cells with Ti doped MoO2 ((e)) indicate that the Ti doped MoO2 HTM based device has 1.01 V open-circuit voltage (Voc), 20.0 mA/cm2 short-circuit current density (Jsc), 75.9% fill factor (FF), and 15.3% power conversion efficiency (η) for forward scan condition and 1.02 V Voc, 20.1 mA/cm2 Jsc, 77.3% FF, and 15.8% η for reverse scan condition, whereas the pristine MoO2 HTM based one has 1.01 V Voc, 19.7 mA/cm2 Jsc, 75.8% FF, and 15.1% η for forward scan condition and 1.01 V Voc, 19.9 mA/cm2 Jsc, 78.2% FF, and 15.7% η for reverse scan condition.

What is the value of Jsc?

1953

{ "text": [ "0.44 V" ], "answer_start": [ 110 ] }

10.1016/j.electacta.2004.11.003

After the composite electrode was coated with Al2O3, the Isc, Voc, FF and η were all improved to 21.9 mA/cm2, 0.44 V, 30.0% and 2.85%, respectively.

What is the value of Voc?

36512

{ "text": [ "100mW/cm2" ], "answer_start": [ 131 ] }

10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.227012

The photovoltaic parameters (J-V-curves) of the solar cells were determined with a digital multimeter (Keithley 2402) under AM1.5G 100mW/cm2 illumination using a solar simulator (Newport).

What is the value of illumination?

48408

{ "text": [ "sMoO3" ], "answer_start": [ 93 ] }

10.1039/C7NR04692H

5(a) shows the optimized device performances of the perovskite solar cells incorporating the sMoO3, sGeO2, sV2O5 and sCrO3 HTLs.

What is HTL?

21888

{ "text": [ "15.9%" ], "answer_start": [ 120 ] }

10.1039/C4MH00236A

So far the highest PCEs achieved from MMOPSC, MSSC and planar heterojunction perovskite solar cell (PHJPSC) are 17.01%, 15.9% (ref.

What is the value of PCE?

13274

{ "text": [ "0.703 V" ], "answer_start": [ 92 ] }

10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.09.003

Method 3 cells showed greatly improved performance, with Jsc, Voc, and FF of 18.54 mA cm−2, 0.703 V, and 0.600, respectively, with η of 7.83%.

What is the value of Voc?

964

{ "text": [ "11.28%" ], "answer_start": [ 38 ] }

10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.08.078

The best performance yielded a PCE of 11.28%, with a VOC of 0.9767V, a JSC of 18.26mAcm−2 and a FF of 63.23%, which measured the devices based on the hybrid C counter electrode with 1% CuS from forward bias.

What is the value of PCE?

9260

{ "text": [ "18.83mAcm−2" ], "answer_start": [ 584 ] }

10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.07.112

It is clearly seen that only one semicircle in the Nyquist diagram representing recombination resistance (Rr) responding to the interface resistance of the planar PSCs according with experimental results reported in literature is obtained (a) shows J-V curves of the champion devices with and without IPA treatment using FTO/TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au architecture, where the highest PCE with IPA treatment calculated is 15.10% with a Jsc of 20.15mAcm−2, a Voc of 1.013V, a FF of 73.79%, by contrast, the highest PCE without IPA treatment calculated is only 12.18% with a Jsc of 18.83mAcm−2, a Voc of 0.960V, a FF of 67.38%.According to the J-V curves, the maximum power outputs are calculated to determine the maximum bias voltage of 0.76V (with IPA treatment) and 0.72V (without IPA treatment) respectively.

What is the value of Jsc?

5639

{ "text": [ "TiO2" ], "answer_start": [ 171 ] }

10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.10.062

The Co9S8 and reduced graphene oxide were also prepared by the same hydrothermal process except without the presence of GO and cobalt chloride hexahydrate, respectively.A TiO2 photoanode was prepared with a simple doctor-blade method to coat TiO2 paste on the FTO conductive glass referring to our previous work DSSC was assembled with a dye-sensitized TiO2 photoanode, a counter electrode, and an acetonitrile electrolyte to form a sandwich-type cell.

What is photoanode?

33367

{ "text": [ "742 mV" ], "answer_start": [ 151 ] }

10.1039/C3RA42161A

The small efficiency improvement is mainly related to the short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) and open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) increasing from 742 mV and 5.30 mA cm−2 to 775 mV and 6.06 mA cm−2, respectively, because of the better light-harvesting capacity of PPTZCZ than PPTZF due to replacement of the F unit with CZ.Furthermore, the PTPACZ cell yielded an efficiency of 4.4% with a Jsc of 8.12 mA cm−2 and a Voc of 769 mV, because TPA has much better donor-capability than PTZ.

What is the value of Voc?

62836

{ "text": [ "25" ], "answer_start": [ 95 ] }

10.1039/C3RA22458A

A high-efficiency DSSC of 6.8% was achieved using an N719-sensitized ZnO NW/NP photoanode with 25 μm.We are grateful for the financial support provided by the National Science Council under Contract No.

What is ZnO?

67211

{ "text": [ "100mWcm−2" ], "answer_start": [ 236 ] }

10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.08.063

Due to above merits, DSSC based on TiO2/ZnIn2S4 hetero-junction photoanode achieves a greatly enhanced short-circuit current density, leading to an improved photoelectric conversion efficiency of 8.09% under full sunlight illumination (100mWcm−2, AM 1.5G), which is almost 14.43% higher than that of the pure TiO2-based DSSC (7.07%).The TiO2/ZnIn2S4 heterojunction photoanode can be expected to substitute for the conventional TiO2 photoanode due to the increased visible light utilizing efficiency, reduced recombination rate of photo-generated electron-hole pairs, and accelerated photoinduced electrons migration process in the dye-sensitized solar cell, which leads to the improvement of JSC and VOC and enhancement of photoelectric conversion efficiency.The dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) has been regarded as a promising candidate for the next-generation large-area solar cell due to its low cost, eco-friendly fabrication process over conventional silicon photovoltaic devices, and decent conversion efficiency, since the first endeavor and the great break through by Grätzel and O'Regan in 1991 Because the incident light transportation, the dye adsorption as well as the electron transmission efficiency are susceptible to the mesoporous structure of photoanode, the photoanode affects the performance of a DSSC most significantly However, the photoelectric performance of the DSSC with sole TiO2 anode has been limited by the low visible light utilizing efficiency and the fast recombination rate of photo-generated electron-hole pairs In this study, we developed a facile method for the fabrication of TiO2/ZnIn2S4-based hetero-junction photoanode by doping the as-prepared ZnIn2S4 into TiO2 slurry.

What is the value of illumination?

34673

{ "text": [ "4.99%" ], "answer_start": [ 235 ] }

10.1016/j.solener.2015.11.015

It was found that dye 80 (J= 11.00, Voc= 0.76 and η= 5.64%) and 81 (Jsc= 11.48, Voc= 0.77 and η= 6.04%) with longer hydrocarbon chains showed better performance than dye 79 with shorter hydrocarbon chains (Jsc= 10.29, Voc= 0.71 and η= 4.99%).) a series of dyes comprising a triphenylamine moiety as the electron donor, and a cyanoacrylic acid or a carboxylic acid moiety as the electron acceptor and utilized for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) .

What is the value of η?

53147

{ "text": [ "0.72 V" ], "answer_start": [ 405 ] }

10.1039/C6NJ00634E

Therefore the increase in the Jsc might be attributed to the presence of three additional electron-pushing dodecyloxy chains on the periphery of the ZnP6C sensitizer, which enhances the intermolecular charge transfer and is favourable for suppressing the formation of dye aggregates and preventing the penetration of the I3− ions of the electrolyte into the semiconductor film, resulting in a higher Voc (0.72 V).

What is the value of Voc?

74387

{ "text": [ "1.12V" ], "answer_start": [ 108 ] }

10.1016/j.spmi.2019.04.007

The variation of Voc as function of hole transport layer thickness is presented in -b where it is around of 1.12V for CH3NH3PbI3 –based structure and 0.8V for CH3NH3SnI3–based structure.

What is the value of Voc?

1817

{ "text": [ "17.80mAcm−2" ], "answer_start": [ 103 ] }

10.1016/j.cej.2017.10.043

Remarkably, the NiCo0.2@C demonstrates the best photovoltaic performance with a Voc of 780mV, a Jsc of 17.80mAcm−2, and a FF of 0.67, while the increase of the Co doping concentration results in the degeneration of the photovoltaic performance.

What is the value of Jsc?

23352

{ "text": [ "843 mV" ], "answer_start": [ 163 ] }

10.1039/C5EE03309H

4c and the averaged photovoltaic parameters of 4 cells are tabulated in Table 2.Dye C286 has a short-circuit photocurrent density (JSC) of 14.54 mA cm−2, a VOC of 843 mV, and a fill factor (FF) of 73.7%, generating a PCE of 9.0%.

What is the value of VOC?

71752

{ "text": [ "6.04%" ], "answer_start": [ 258 ] }

10.1016/j.electacta.2017.08.089

The DSSCs based on FWDs exhibited well performances: the short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 10.04, 10.91 and 9.12 mA cm−2, respectively; the open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.77, 0.75 and 0.78 V, respectively; the power conversion efficiency (η) of 5.65%, 6.04% and 5.19%, respectively.

What is the value of η?

55246

{ "text": [ "0.731V" ], "answer_start": [ 143 ] }

10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.09.007

The DSSCs based on 3.3μm of the nanocrystalline layer and 10.5μm of the sub-microspheres layer (N1S3) show a highest η (10.34%) accompanied by 0.731V in Voc and 19.36mAcm−2 in Jsc.

What is the value of Voc?

43935

{ "text": [ "0.275mA/cm2" ], "answer_start": [ 131 ] }

10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.06.003

With the ionic liquid as electrolyte, the solar cells C1-EL3 result in even lower photochemical parameters, being VOC =256mV, JSC =0.275mA/cm2, and η=0.101%.

What is the value of JSC?

41127

{ "text": [ "6.04%" ], "answer_start": [ 109 ] }

10.1039/C7CP04642A

It was found that the PCEs of the devices increased in the order of LX1 > LX2 > LX3, with the highest PCE of 6.04% corresponding to a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 11.67 mA cm−2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 730 mV and a fill factor (FF) of 0.71 achieved for the LX1-based cell, which bears acrylic acid as the π-bridged acceptor.

What is the value of PCE?

72607

{ "text": [ "6.26%" ], "answer_start": [ 201 ] }

10.1039/C6RA07893A

The DSSC sensitized with a mixture of K-60 and Y1 exhibited an overall PCE of 8.19% (Jsc = 14.95 mA cm−2, Voc = 0.59 V and FF = 0.71) higher than that for DSSC sensitized with a single K-60 dye (PCE = 6.26%).

What is the value of PCE?

68050

{ "text": [ "0.36cm2" ], "answer_start": [ 83 ] }

10.1016/j.dyepig.2014.12.022

The area of the aperture in the mask was smaller than the active area of the TiO2 (0.36cm2).

What is the value of active area?

47423

{ "text": [ "1.01V" ], "answer_start": [ 44 ] }

10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.03.014

As prepared 3D perovskite device has Voc of 1.01V, Jsc of 23.66mAcm−2, and FF of 72.40%, giving a PCE of 17.30% in reverse scan.

What is the value of Voc?

2871

{ "text": [ "FTO" ], "answer_start": [ 183 ] }

10.1016/j.electacta.2014.07.032

The electron transfer back from TiO2 in the shell of TCNF to electrolyte is negligible, because the carbon core can collect these electrons from TiO2 in the shell and transfer to the FTO substrate.Electrospun TiO2/carbon coaxial-structured nanofibers (TCNFs), used as the photoanode of a DSSC, were successfully fabricated by coaxial electrospinning.

What is substrate?

56506

{ "text": [ "69.3%" ], "answer_start": [ 145 ] }

10.1039/C8TA11361K

Moreover, a control device based on doped spiro-OMeTAD achieved an efficiency of 15.2% with a Jsc of 21.44 mA cm−2, a Voc of 1.03 V and an FF of 69.3%.

What is the value of FF?

13575

{ "text": [ "TiO2" ], "answer_start": [ 13 ] }

10.1039/C2JM15182K

Finally, the TiO2 film was immersed in a 5 × 10−4 M solution of N719 dye (Solaronix SA, Switzerland) in acetonitrile/tert-butanol (volume ratio 1:1) for 22 h to obtain the photoanode.

What is photoanode?

71043

{ "text": [ "TiO2" ], "answer_start": [ 13 ] }

10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.07.060

A 20μm-thick TiO2 film embedded with N719 dye was used as the photoanode in the I3−/I− electrolyte based DSSCs.

What is photoanode?

31968

{ "text": [ "6.92%" ], "answer_start": [ 169 ] }

10.1016/j.nanoen.2014.09.014

An optimized η of 8.77% is obtained for the DSSC with the NS film, which represents 26.7% improvement with respect to the value obtained for the DSSC with the P25 film (6.92%).Supplementary data associated with this article can be found in the online version at Jia-De Peng received his M.Sc.

What is the value of η?

35156

{ "text": [ "0.97 V" ], "answer_start": [ 133 ] }

10.1039/C7CP02523H

This is attributed to a further improved JSC (23.69 mA cm−2) and FF (0.71) while the VOC (0.96 V) value is slightly lower than that (0.97 V) of the perovskite solar cell with PCBM/C60.

What is the value of VOC?

13165

{ "text": [ "806 mV" ], "answer_start": [ 105 ] }

10.1016/j.nanoen.2014.06.019

When compared with TNP cells, a substantially higher Jsc (15.29 mA cm−2vs 11.19 mA cm−2), Voc (822 mV vs 806 mV) was obtained in the case of devices fabricating with the HBTNW photoanodes; this represented a 28% increase in PCE (8.11% vs 6.32%).

What is the value of Voc?

28709

{ "text": [ "0.631 V" ], "answer_start": [ 74 ] }

10.1039/B814529F

And the DSSCs with MWCNTs (Cell B) showed a Jsc of 6.35 mA cm−2, a Voc of 0.631 V and a FF of 0.719 to yield η = 7.4%.

What is the value of Voc?

61667

{ "text": [ "12.90%" ], "answer_start": [ 164 ] }

10.1016/j.orgel.2017.11.044

The optimized HPbI3 concentration is 1.6M, and the corresponding perovskite solar cells exhibit an average Voc of 902mV, Jsc of 21.6mAcm−2, FF of 66.3%, and PCE of 12.90%, which is comparable to the PCEs of HTM-free perovskite solar cells prepared from high pure PbI2 sources a.

What is the value of PCE?

6297

{ "text": [ "0.78V" ], "answer_start": [ 253 ] }

10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.104099

This encourages us to simultaneously increase the thickness of the Sn–Pb mixed perovskite absorber film to enhance the light harvest.Here, we show that the VOC of Sn–Pb mixed perovskite devices can be significantly enhanced by up to 70mV, from 0.71V to 0.78V, by using PEABr as the surface passivator.

What is the value of VOC?

9742

{ "text": [ "0.25cm2" ], "answer_start": [ 57 ] }

10.1016/j.solener.2019.01.042

50μm polymer spacer and the active area of the cells was 0.25cm2.

What is the value of active area?

59767

{ "text": [ "8.11%" ], "answer_start": [ 84 ] }

10.1016/S1872-2067(19)63361-9

It was notable that the DSSC fabricated with the as-constructed CE yielded a PCE of 8.11%.

What is the value of PCE?

36830

{ "text": [ "ITO" ], "answer_start": [ 309 ] }

10.1016/j.dyepig.2016.10.046

In addition and interestingly, only the domain size of the DPP-Th:P3HT blend were found to be affected since no significant differences were monitored for the DPP-Tz based thin-film, which is consistent with the PV and EQE results.In parallel, electron-mobility (μe) were determined on electron-only devices (ITO/DPP-Th or DPP-Tz/LiF/Al) using the space-charge limited current (SCLC) method (The highest efficiencies were recorded for DPP-Tz based SCs.

What is ?

11033

{ "text": [ "TiO2" ], "answer_start": [ 147 ] }

10.1016/j.jphotochem.2011.05.022

They display a longer fluorescent lifetime, which indicate a slower rate of internal charge recombination and a higher injection efficiency to the TiO2 conducting band.According to the solvent dependence of the fluorescence spectra of dyes A and B, it is without doubt that both the meta and para-isomers were able to induce a significant charge separation upon photo-excitation.

What is ?

29657

{ "text": [ "0.77 V" ], "answer_start": [ 65 ] }

10.1039/C3CS60449G

The best conversion efficiency of 1.61% was achieved with Voc of 0.77 V, Jsc of 4.94 mA cm−2, and FF of 0.39 when illuminated with an air mass 1.5 solar cell simulator.

What is the value of Voc?

72646

{ "text": [ "14.37%" ], "answer_start": [ 382 ] }

10.1016/j.orgel.2019.01.016

The passivated device yields a significant enhancement in the performance compared with that of the control device, which mainly originate from a markedly enhanced fill factor (FF) from 65.41% to 78.70%, as well as a mildly increased short circuit current (JSC) from 21.12mAcm−2 to 21.93mAcm−2 and open-circuit voltage (VOC) from 1.04V to 1.06V, which result in a PCE increase from 14.37% to 18.30%.

What is the value of PCE?

1998

{ "text": [ "5.24%" ], "answer_start": [ 27 ] }

10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.03.181

Although the efficiency (η=5.24%) of carbon derived from Bpy device was lower than that of Pt device (η=5.51%), for some of the parameters including Voc or FF are comparable while Jsc of the carbon (Jsc=13.10mAcm−2) based device is higher than Pt based device (Jsc=11.80mAcm−2).

What is the value of η?

26528

{ "text": [ "0.679 V" ], "answer_start": [ 159 ] }

10.1016/j.tet.2008.08.045

Under standard global AM 1.5 solar condition, the JK-77 cell gave the short circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 12.89 mA cm−2, open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.679 V, and a fill factor of 0.73, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency of 6.43%.

What is the value of Voc?

51077

{ "text": [ "1.83%" ], "answer_start": [ 153 ] }

10.1016/j.matchemphys.2010.07.052

The η, FF, VOC, and JSC of the DSCs corresponding to (a), the DSC with the ZnO photoelectrode deposited at 2.0 g of PEG, shows the maximum efficiency of 1.83%, photovoltage of 463 mV, and photocurrent of 7.2 mA cm−2.

What is the value of η?

55802

{ "text": [ "CH3NH3PbI3" ], "answer_start": [ 516 ] }

10.1039/C4TA04997G

The increased grain boundaries in the P3HT/(2 wt% BCNs) composite could be another contributing factor for the increased charge recombination, leading to reduced device efficiency.Since an efficient interfacial charge transport between MAPbI3 perovskite and the HTM layer is crucial for the performance of perovskite solar cells, photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy was employed to study the evolution of the interfacial charge transfer process between the HTM film based on the prepared P3HT/BCN composites and the CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite light absorbing layer.

What is perovskite?

12663

{ "text": [ "4.8 Ωcm2" ], "answer_start": [ 37 ] }

10.1016/j.nanoen.2014.11.032

In contrast, the Rct value of Pt was 4.8 Ωcm2, higher than those of the SCS, OCS, and HSC (4.6, 3.7, and 4.2 Ωcm2).

What is the value of Rct?

56491