answers
dict | title
stringlengths 16
40
| context
stringlengths 13
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| question
stringclasses 124
values | id
stringlengths 1
5
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|---|---|---|---|---|
{
"text": [
"0.92%"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} | 10.1016/j.carbon.2015.04.036 | As shown in , Device A with Electrolyte A exhibits a PCE of 0.92%, corresponding to a Voc of 0.763 V, a Jsc of 3.23 mA cm−2 and a FF of 0.375. | What is the value of PCE? | 39819 |
{
"text": [
"990.8 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
197
]
} | 10.1039/C5CC01939G | When a thin TiO2 film of about 100 nm is used, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.2% is achieved with a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 19.1 mA cm−2, an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 990.8 mV and a fill factor (FF) of 0.75. | What is the value of VOC? | 15933 |
{
"text": [
"8.0%"
],
"answer_start": [
111
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2019.04.059 | An101 and An102 were applied to dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 8.0% and 9.5% were achieved with the I2−/I3− redox couple, which correspond to open voltages (Voc) of 784 and 690mV, current densities (Jsc) of 15.1 and 20.0mAcm−2, the fill factors of 67.2% and 68.7%, respectively, under AM1.5G irradiation. | What is the value of PCE? | 24956 |
{
"text": [
"58%"
],
"answer_start": [
156
]
} | 10.1016/j.cap.2019.08.014 | Sample 4 exhibited a short-circuit current (JSC) of 15.7mA/cm2, an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.07V, a fill factor (FF) of 0.64, and a maximum PCE of 10.58%. | What is the value of FF? | 2327 |
{
"text": [
"1.02 V"
],
"answer_start": [
224
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA10526B | 7(b), exhibits a PCE of 15.66%, a Jsc of 20.46 mA cm−2, a Voc of 1.04 V, and an FF of 0.74 under AM 1.5G solar illumination of 100 mW cm−2 in the reverse scan direction, and a PCE of 14.02%, a Jsc of 19.95 mA cm−2, a Voc of 1.02 V, and an FF of 0.69 in the forward scan direction, yielding an average PCE of 14.84% with very small hysteresis. | What is the value of Voc? | 17914 |
{
"text": [
"I−/I3−"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
} | 10.1039/C6RA03694E | The HOMO levels of these dyes were more positive than the redox potential of the I−/I3− redox couple (∼0.4 V vs. | What is redox couple? | 74600 |
{
"text": [
"100 mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
349
]
} | 10.1016/j.jcis.2012.07.019 | The rapid adsorption of Z907 is obviously related to its smaller aggregation size in the ACN/t-butanol co-solvent.The respective Z907 and RuC9 dye-sensitized DSSCs with liquid electrolyte containing 0.6 M PMII, 0.1 M LiI, 0.05 M I2, 0.1 M GuNCS, and 0.5 M TBP in MPN were subjected to measure the photovoltaic properties under AM 1.5 full sunlight (100 mW/cm2) illumination. | What is the value of illumination? | 55567 |
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
231
]
} | 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.12.036 | Besides, from , we can also see that the Rs and Zw (42.3 Ω, 14.6 Ω) of the best performing CZ-3 CE are also larger than that of Pt CE (35.1 Ω, 4.38 Ω), indicating a larger resistance originated from CZ-3 CE and its adhesion to the FTO substrate, and a larger diffusion impedance of I-/I3− in the electrolyte, respectively. | What is substrate? | 34543 |
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
84
]
} | 10.1016/j.cap.2010.11.088 | The current-voltage characteristics were measured at one sun illumination (AM 1.5G, 100mWcm−2) using a Keithley 2400 source measurement unit controlled by a computer. | What is the value of illumination? | 28617 |
{
"text": [
"9.06%"
],
"answer_start": [
160
]
} | 10.1039/C9NR02903F | Even though the specific surface area of active carbon (1829 m2 g−1) is larger than that of CAs (489.5 m2 g−1), the DSSCs with CAs still achieved the best η of 9.06%, with an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.84 V, a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 14.63 mA cm−2, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.70. | What is the value of η? | 63632 |
{
"text": [
"1 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
121
]
} | 10.1016/j.solmat.2004.07.027 | A platinized FTO with 1 μm-thick Pt by sputtering was used as a counter electrode and was controlled an active area of 1×1 cm2 by adhered polyester tape (3 M) with thickness of 60 μm. | What is the value of active area? | 47352 |
{
"text": [
"0.75 V"
],
"answer_start": [
239
]
} | 10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.12.197 | This agreed well with the results summarized in that when the TiO2 HNWAs were coated with Nb2O5 nanoparticles layer, the corresponding Jsc and Voc of the Nb2O5 coated TiO2 HNWAs DSSC increased from 9.50 to 10.50 mA cm–2, and from 0.69 to 0.75 V, respectively, leading to the enhanced power conversion efficiencies from 3.85% to 4.55%. | What is the value of Voc? | 41587 |
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
145
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2016.01.002 | The devices achieve an average PCE of 11.7% (maximum 12.5%) with a Voc of 0.99V, a Jsc of 16.1mAcm−2 and FF of 73.9% when measured under AM 1.5G 100mWcm−2 illumination. | What is the value of illumination? | 5177 |
{
"text": [
"100"
],
"answer_start": [
33
]
} | 10.1016/j.jelechem.2016.01.012 | The DSSC that is fabricated on a 100 nm thick compact TiO2 layer exhibits the highest energy conversion efficiency (5.75%) because there is effective prevention of electron transfer to the electrolyte and increased photocurrent density. | What is TiO2? | 54745 |
{
"text": [
"26"
],
"answer_start": [
6
]
} | 10.1039/C5TA09661H | U1405226), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (No. | What is ? | 16892 |
{
"text": [
"glass"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
} | 10.1016/j.synthmet.2014.10.029 | The structure of DSSCs was glass substrate/ITO/porous TiO2/HJ complex dye/electrolyte/Pt. | What is substrate? | 38481 |
{
"text": [
"4.51%"
],
"answer_start": [
95
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.07.112 | The best PCEs with reverse scan are calculated as 5.83%, 8.25%, 12.18% and 9.53%, that drop to 4.51%, 6.16%, 9.53% and 7.51% with forward scan, according to devices with 20, 40, 60 and 80mgmL−1 MAI respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 5635 |
{
"text": [
"0.69 V"
],
"answer_start": [
150
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA06909F | 4b.The best performance is achieved with the PP16 device illustrating a short circuit current (Jsc) of 9.35 mA cm−2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.69 V and a higher fill factor (FF) of 0.67 leading to a power conversion efficiency(PCE) of 4.32% (see Table 2). | What is the value of Voc? | 60334 |
{
"text": [
"6.38%"
],
"answer_start": [
27
]
} | 10.1016/j.carbon.2013.10.019 | PCP-G displays a higher η (6.38%) than that of GA CE, which achieved up to 63.7% of the device with Pt CE. | What is the value of η? | 30164 |
{
"text": [
"772 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
146
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.08.055 | A cell based on the high molar extinction coefficient dye MXD4 yields a maximum power conversion efficiency of 6.04% with Jsc= 11.5 mA cm−2, Voc= 772 mV, and ff= 0.68. | What is the value of Voc? | 52571 |
{
"text": [
"1.95 ± 0.03%"
],
"answer_start": [
278
]
} | 10.1039/C7RA13128C | Again, detailed investigation of such processes would be an interesting area for future study.Therefore, when a lower annealing temperature is employed, in combination with the use of oxygen atmosphere, the DSSC performance improves slightly, leading to an overall PCE equal to 1.95 ± 0.03%, but the improvement is lower than expected based on the increased dye loading (Fig. | What is the value of PCE? | 63790 |
{
"text": [
"14.57%"
],
"answer_start": [
169
]
} | 10.1039/C7SE00472A | The PSC device with an optimized concentration (1.2 wt%) of Au@SiO2 NPs showed an improvement in JSC by 25.1% from 17.45 to 22.35 mA cm−2 and PCE by 27.3% from 11.44 to 14.57%. | What is the value of PCE? | 21166 |
{
"text": [
"0.15 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
32
]
} | 10.1039/C2CP40882A | The active area is defined by a 0.15 cm2 mask. | What is the value of active area? | 69458 |
{
"text": [
"PANI"
],
"answer_start": [
47
]
} | 10.1016/j.energy.2018.04.122 | Another compound of silver and polyaniline (Ag/PANI) was deposited on a stainless steel substrate by electrochemical polymerization and used as a CE of DSSC. | What is CE? | 56280 |
{
"text": [
"8.36%"
],
"answer_start": [
80
]
} | 10.1039/C7NR04692H | The sV2O5-based OSCs and PSCs presented power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 8.36% and 14.13%, respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 21878 |
{
"text": [
"∼4"
],
"answer_start": [
270
]
} | 10.1039/C6ME00076B | Energies were referenced to vacuum conditions by subtracting 4.398 eV from the Ag/AgCl-referenced values (see ESI S.4).TiO2 films were deposited on transparent glass slides using the doctor-blade technique, to create a single layer of TiO2 nanopores with a thickness of ∼4 μm. | What is TiO2? | 76271 |
{
"text": [
"7.14%"
],
"answer_start": [
98
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2018.06.041 | By setting an intermediate energy level with CQDs at TiO2/CsPbBr3 interface, the PCE increases to 7.14% with higher Jsc, Voc and FF outputs. | What is the value of PCE? | 6727 |
{
"text": [
"9.68 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
48
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.02.097 | The FF, JSC, and η for the GPI cell were 0.283, 9.68 mA/cm2, and 2.49%, while respective values for the cell with optimized PANI loading (PA-10) were 0.662, 12.40 mA/cm2, and 6.85%. | What is the value of JSC? | 54065 |
{
"text": [
"0.96 V"
],
"answer_start": [
108
]
} | 10.1039/C5RA09691J | The champion cell fabricated with the GA process showed a high PCE of 14%, with Jsc of 18.6 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.96 V, and FF of 78.3%. | What is the value of Voc? | 23149 |
{
"text": [
"0.90 V"
],
"answer_start": [
130
]
} | 10.1039/C6CP00264A | The [Co(bpy-pz)3]2+/3+ electrolyte is from here on labeled Co(bpy-pz)3.As presented in Table 6 the VOC increases significantly to 0.90 V and the PCE to 5.5%, by using the [Co(bpy-pz)3]2+/3+ as a redox shuttle. | What is the value of VOC? | 66869 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
706
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.07.157 | On the contrary, the global conversion efficiency of these photocells decreases for incident radiant powers higher than 60 mW cm−2 due to the presence of H2N···I+···NH2 linkages at the outer rim of the confined dendrimers, whose formation is favorable under very high illumination and produces the uncontrolled regeneration of I3− anions.Finally, it is important to point out that the strategy of modification here shown introduces a novel approach for preparing chemically modified photoanodes for constructing efficient dye-sensitized solar cells, which could be useful for balancing the contributions of the charge interception reaction and the charge accumulation process at the conduction band of the TiO2 electrodes.Supplementary data associated with this article can be found, in the online version, at | What is photoanodes? | 56189 |
{
"text": [
"15.51%"
],
"answer_start": [
41
]
} | 10.1039/C7TA09122B | Mixed cation perovskite devices achieved 15.51% PCE at x = 0.75 with reduced hysteresis and higher stability relative to MAPbI3 based devices. | What is the value of PCE? | 17345 |
{
"text": [
"23.91 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
73
]
} | 10.1016/j.cej.2017.08.045 | Specifically, the Jsc of cells was significantly increased from 22.46 to 23.91 mA/cm2 for reverse scan and 22.19–23.85 mA/cm2 for forward scan after doping Li element. | What is the value of Jsc? | 4567 |
{
"text": [
"8.331mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
170
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.01.051 | The stronger conjugation between molecules and the broader range of light absorption for NUIST1 contribute to the higher Jsc (9.037mAcm−2) compared to that for TTR1 (Jsc=8.331mAcm−2). | What is the value of Jsc? | 27727 |
{
"text": [
"8.23%"
],
"answer_start": [
167
]
} | 10.1039/C0CC02247K | Under 1 sun illumination (100 mW cm−2, AM 1.5G), the conventional Pt counter electrode showed a fill factor (FF) of 0.71 and an energy conversion efficiency of (η) of 8.23%. | What is the value of η? | 73888 |
{
"text": [
"5.83 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
72
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2013.01.009 | The DSSC based on the WD1 only showed a moderate η value of 2.18% (Jsc= 5.83 mA/cm2, Voc= 0.52 V, FF = 0.72). | What is the value of Jsc? | 46859 |
{
"text": [
"0.66 ± 0.01 V"
],
"answer_start": [
665
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.06.075 | Similar to the dye adsorption on the TiO2 particles, these groups work as the linkers to enable the anchoring of GQDs onto TiO2 nanoparticles The UV-vis spectra of GQDs solutions in the inset of (b) shows a strong and narrow absorbance peak at the wavelength of about 320 nm, which is a commonly observed feature of GQDs The current density-voltage (J-V) characteristics curves of the DSSCs are shown in , with the increase of the contents of GQDs, the short-circuit current density(Jsc) and open-circuit voltage(Voc) of these DSSCs increased first and then decreased and obtained the optimal values in the GTP-2 DSSC with an Jsc of 14.07 ± 0.02 mA cm−2, an Voc of 0.66 ± 0.01 V and an η of 6.10 ± 0.01%, higher than those of the TP DSSC by 30.9%, 6.5% and 19.6%, respectively.Furthermore, the performance parameters of all the DSSCs were normalized and their change trends were shown in that with the increase of the GQDs content, the Jsc, Voc and η of the DSSCs increased firstly and then reduced; whereas the change trend of dye-loading A of the photoelectrodes were opposite, reduced firstly and then increased.The improvements of the properties of the DSSCs by introducing GQDs can be attributed to the hot electron injection from GQDs into TiO2 conduction band. | What is the value of Voc? | 30653 |
{
"text": [
"144 h"
],
"answer_start": [
112
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.12.013 | During the long-term stability test in , the increases in the ΔVoc of the MK-2 and MK-94 cells during the first 144 h were the result of the shallower shift of the CBE potential of the TiO2 or the positive shift of the redox potential; then, the effect of the decreases of the electron lifetimes of the MK-2 and MK-94 cells were balanced in the I-V parameter. | What is the value of time? | 44688 |
{
"text": [
"13.85±0.45%"
],
"answer_start": [
86
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.06.015 | With an optimal concentration of 0.3wt % Au@SiO2 NPs, our PSCs show an average PCE of 13.85±0.45%, which is 15% higher than the reference PSCs based on pure TiO2 with the efficiency of 12.01±0.44%. | What is the value of PCE? | 7405 |
{
"text": [
"7.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
197
]
} | 10.1039/C4TA01000K | The data show that this heat and oxygen release coincide best with binder combustion for ZnO2 and DSC device tests show that adding ZnO2 to TiO2 pastes produces the best performances affording η = 7.5% for small devices (0.26 cm2) and η = 5.7% at 300 °C or 450 °C for DSL18NR-T/ZnO2 for larger (1 cm2) devices. | What is the value of η? | 69815 |
{
"text": [
"8.18%"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
} | 10.1016/j.materresbull.2019.01.025 | Particularly, the DSC based on Ni-Co-S CE with the optimized Ni/Co ratio has achieved the high PCE of 8.18%, which is larger than that of the DSC with platinum (Pt) CE (6.33%).Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) as a kind of photovoltaic devices have been attracted extensive attention for the potential application in power portable electronics, due to their low-cost, simple assembly process, and high PCE under the condition of ambient light []. | What is the value of PCE? | 41521 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
137
]
} | 10.1039/C3TA01657A | (6) Adsorbed amount of DIA2, DIA3, DIA4 and TPS under the following two conditions: (a) THF was used as the solvent for dye loading; the TiO2 films consisted of 7 μm (T/SP); the dip time was 12 h; and (b) the solvent mixture CHCl3–EtOH (v/v 3:7) was used as the solvent for dye baths; the TiO2 films consisted of 12 μm (T/SP); the dip time was 40 h. | What is ? | 65473 |
{
"text": [
"1.031V"
],
"answer_start": [
42
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2018.07.022 | As a result, with the increased VOC up to 1.031V, JSC of 18.21mAcm-2 and fill factor of 0.785, the PSC showed PCE up to 14.28%. | What is the value of VOC? | 9481 |
{
"text": [
"1.04V"
],
"answer_start": [
117
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.103866 | Compare to undoped PEDOT:PSS, the PSC device made from 1.5wt% EMIC-treated PEDOT:PSS has increased Voc from 1.01V to 1.04V, Jsc from 21.93mAcm−2 to 23.91mAcm−2, FF from 0.69 to 0.74, and PCE from 15.28% to 18.40%. | What is the value of Voc? | 8840 |
{
"text": [
"2.15 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
385
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2016.11.029 | Solar cells with well aligned ZnO nanorods and randomly oriented dumbbell-shaped ZnO nanorods (hexagonal) were fabricated and once again much lower efficiency of 0.26 and 0.32%, respectively was reported by , a maximum power conversion efficiency of 1.02% is achieved by pomegranate dye dipped Al-doped ZnO electrode with a Fill Factor (FF) 0.57, a short circuit current density (Jsc) 2.15 mA/cm2 and an open circuit voltage (Voc) 600 V (). | What is the value of Jsc? | 57870 |
{
"text": [
"0.3 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
35
]
} | 10.1039/C7DT04713D | The active area of DSSCs was about 0.3 cm2. | What is the value of active area? | 62036 |
{
"text": [
"100 mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.02.028 | The impedance measurements were carried out under 100 mW/cm2 illumination and applied open circuit voltage (OCV) and were recorded over a frequency range of 0.01–100 kHz with ac amplitude of 10 mV. | What is the value of illumination? | 30781 |
{
"text": [
"17.6%"
],
"answer_start": [
46
]
} | 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.11.237 | As illustrated, PCE is improved from 13.8% to 17.6% as the dopant concentration is increased from 0 to 4.5%. | What is the value of PCE? | 1064 |
{
"text": [
"100 W/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
339
]
} | 10.1016/j.tsf.2017.08.022 | TNAs were annealed in the same conditions in air at 450 °C and the presence of pure anatase phase is favorable for solar cell application Photocurrent density-voltage (J-V) curves of DSSCs fabricated from TNAs anodized with different first-step anodization time were measured using a solar simulator under standard illumination of 1.5 Am (100 W/cm2). | What is the value of illumination? | 46060 |
{
"text": [
"TcTa"
],
"answer_start": [
68
]
} | 10.1039/C8TC05372C | Devices produced with these HTMs showed Voc's ranging from 1000 mV (TcTa) to 1060 mV (TaTm). | What is HTM? | 15706 |
{
"text": [
"5.31%"
],
"answer_start": [
263
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2014.05.024 | Hence, a DSSCs using UY7 showing best photovoltaic performance with a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 13.64 mA cm−2, an open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) of 590 mV and a fill factor (ff) of 0.66, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency (η) of 5.31% under 100 mW cm−2 simulated AM 1.5 G solar irradiation. | What is the value of η? | 55893 |
{
"text": [
"8.03 mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
112
]
} | 10.1039/C1EE02766B | However, the photocurrent and photovoltaic performance of the DSSC based on TiO2 HNW increase 52% (from 5.29 to 8.03 mAcm−2) and 45% (from 3.12 to 4.51%), respectively, which can be attributed to a larger surface area to adsorb more dye molecules and superior light scattering property of the TiO2 HNW photoelectrode.Furthermore, fully flexible DSSCs based on highly ordered hierarchical anatase TiO2nanowire arrays/Ti foil as photoanode, electrodeposited PEDOT on transparent ITO-PET as counter electrode, N719 as light absorber and I−/I3− as redox couple shows an efficient photovoltaic performance of 4.32% accompanied by a Jsc of 7.91 mA cm−2, Voc of 796 mV and FF of 0.69. | What is the value of Jsc? | 73619 |
{
"text": [
"703 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
267
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.11.107 | The detailed photovoltaic parameters including open circuit voltage (Voc), short current density (Jsc), fill factor (FF), and the overall PCE of DSSCs are summarized in Among all the electrolytes studied, the electrolyte D showed the Jsc and Voc of 19.52 mA cm−2 and 703 mV, respectively, yielded an overall power conversion efficiency (η) of 8.8% under simulated AM 1.5 solar spectrum illumination at 100 mW cm−2. | What is the value of Voc? | 35565 |
{
"text": [
"71.74%"
],
"answer_start": [
247
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2017.12.045 | It is seen that the device based on NiO HTL achieves a little higher PCE of 15.47% with a Voc of 1.06V, a Jsc of 19.41mAcm−2 and a FF of 75.02% by forward scan than that of the value of 14.72% with a Voc of 1.06V, a Jsc of 19.44mAcm−2 and a FF of 71.74% by reverse scan. | What is the value of FF? | 6583 |
{
"text": [
"16.6%"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA11361K | Under AM 1.5G illumination at 100 mW cm−2, the devices achieved a maximum efficiency of 18.2% for ACE-QA-ACE, 16.6% for TPA-QA-TPA and 15.5% for DPA-QA-DPA without any additives, whereas reference devices with doped spiro-OMeTAD as the HTM achieved a PCE of 15.2%. | What is the value of PCE? | 13558 |
{
"text": [
"19.62%"
],
"answer_start": [
89
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.103860 | Together with the improved conductivity due to Cu doping, Cell E showed a maximum PCE of 19.62%, which was almost 20% enhanced with respect to that of the planar Cell B and the bilayer Cell C.Silver ions (Ag+) are another widely used p-type dopant for semiconductor oxides providing appealing features for tuning their optical and electrical properties []. | What is the value of PCE? | 8762 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
284
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.07.006 | The liquid electrolyte was composing of 0.1M tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI), 0.1M tetramethylam-monium iodide (TMAI), 0.1M tetraethylammonium iodide (TEAI), 0.1M KI, 0.1M LiI, 0.1M NaI, 0.06M I2 in mixed organic solvent of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and acetonitrile (NMP/AC=2/8).TiO2 colloid was prepared according to the literature and a layer of TiO2 nanocrystal anode film with a thickness of 10μm and an area of 0.25cm2 was prepared by coating TiO2 colloid onto conducting glass using a doctor blade technique The photocurrent–voltage (J–V) curves of the assembled quasi-solid-state DSSCs were recorded on an Electrochemical Workstation (Xe Lamp Oriel Sol3A™ Class AAA Solar Simulators 94023A, USA) under irradiation of a simulated solar light from a 100W xenon arc lamp in ambient atmosphere. | What is anode? | 51111 |
{
"text": [
"0.72 V"
],
"answer_start": [
123
]
} | 10.1039/C3TA12349A | As shown in Table 1, all of the DSCs based on NbSe2 CEs had a comparatively similar Voc (0.76–0.77 V), higher than that of 0.72 V based on the Pt CE. | What is the value of Voc? | 77180 |
{
"text": [
"16.9mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
96
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2009.06.014 | Under similar test condition, a device based on referenced N719 dye showed 8.0% efficiency (JSC=16.9mAcm−2, VOC=0.699V, ff=0.68).a) showed the radius of the middle semicircle to increase in the order D5<TH208<C1-1 with CDCA, indicating that electron recombination augments from D5 to C1-1. | What is the value of JSC? | 35673 |
{
"text": [
"2.3 s"
],
"answer_start": [
68
]
} | 10.1039/C6TA06718B | The drying times of the sprayed films were 1.2 s, 1.4 s, 1.9 s, and 2.3 s for the 10:0, 9:1, 8:2, and 7:3 DMF:GBL samples, respectively. | What is the value of time? | 18369 |
{
"text": [
"0.2064 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
37
]
} | 10.1039/C1JM10288E | The electrode active area was set to 0.2064 cm2 with a mask.First, a complete microstructural characterization was performed on the thin films (≤1 µm) series in order to compare them in terms of influent parameters for a PV application: long-range ordering of pores, pores accessibility and resulting surface area, and finally, dye loading.Secondly, the best of them was selected and its thickness was increased up to 4 µm before being assembled in photovoltaic cells and tested under simulated sunlight.Wormlike and gridlike films obtained from the two precursor solutions have been analyzed by TEM imaging.It can be seen from Fig. | What is the value of active area? | 72539 |
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
99
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2014.10.008 | As revealed by EIS analysis, gelation greatly increased the charge transfer resistance (R3) of the TiO2/electrolyte interface in Flemion-based DSSCs containing no DMPII. | What is ? | 57077 |
{
"text": [
"14.22%"
],
"answer_start": [
39
]
} | 10.1039/C8RA01633J | As a consequence, the PCE increases to 14.22%. | What is the value of PCE? | 15260 |
{
"text": [
"9.63%"
],
"answer_start": [
267
]
} | 10.1039/C3SC50399B | Furthermore, upon switching the sensitizer to TFRS-2 and then to TFRS-4, a better set of parameters JSC = 17.3 mA cm−2, VOC = 0.77 V and FF = 0.723, and JSC = 18.7 mA cm−2, VOC = 0.75 mV and FF = 0.729 were achieved, affording an overall conversion efficiency of η = 9.63% and 10.2%, respectively. | What is the value of η? | 68003 |
{
"text": [
"65.4%"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.06.023 | As can be seen, DSSCs with Ni3S2 (Ni/S = 1:0.5 and 1:0.75) CEs yield η of 6.45% (Voc= 0.78 V, Jsc= 12.6 mA cm−2, FF = 65.4%) and 6.86% (Voc= 0.79 V, Jsc= 13.1 mA cm−2, FF = 66.2%), respectively. | What is the value of FF? | 58644 |
{
"text": [
"20"
],
"answer_start": [
251
]
} | 10.1016/j.carbon.2016.05.018 | The high absolute intensity of ired indicates a faster reduction velocity, which demonstrates the better ability of the counter electrode to reduce the I3− species to I−In the fabrication of graphene flakes, we attached a relatively long carbon tube (20cm in length) to the anode and placed a graphite plate 10cm away from the end of the carbon tube (see ). | What is anode? | 52518 |
{
"text": [
"81.97%"
],
"answer_start": [
52
]
} | 10.1039/C9TA01319A | The Jsc, Voc, FF and PCE are 22.10 mA cm−2, 1.12 V, 81.97% and 20.36% for the champion chlorine doping solar cells with forward scan and 21.11 mA cm−2, 1.09 V, 82.34%, 18.93% for the device without chlorine. | What is the value of FF? | 20546 |
{
"text": [
"2.07%"
],
"answer_start": [
39
]
} | 10.1039/B822190A | Relatively lower η values of 3.60% and 2.07% were detected from dyesDP and DT, respectively. | What is the value of η? | 71978 |
{
"text": [
"531 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
53
]
} | 10.1039/C8TC03542C | The device based on 5b laid in between with a VOC of 531 mV, JSC of 1.72 mA cm−2, FF of 0.35 and PCE of 0.32%.The last carbazole-based HTM – 5 – developed by Lygaitis et al. | What is the value of VOC? | 70941 |
{
"text": [
"3.44%"
],
"answer_start": [
95
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.01.154 | Fabricated DSSC with only 2.7μm thick TiO2 photoanode exhibited photo conversion efficiency (η=3.44%) and short circuit current density (Jsc=7.03mA cm−2) comparable to DSSC containing Pt-CE without any loss of open circuit voltage (Voc=0.71V) and fill factor (FF=0.68).Among dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC), counter electrode (CE) plays an important role in collection of electrons and reduction of I3¯ to I¯ for regeneration of sensitizer after injection of electrons into photoanode. | What is the value of efficiency? | 54913 |
{
"text": [
"6.36%"
],
"answer_start": [
198
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.11.082 | Although the Pt-CE cell exhibited substantially higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) (7.19%) and fill factor (FF) (0.65) than NbO2-CE cell (PCE=5.62% and FF=0.58), Nb3.49N4.56O0.44-CE cell (PCE=6.36% and FF=0.57), and NbN-CE cell (PCE=5.19% and FF=0.55), the DSSCs with Nb3.49N4.56O0.44 CE had a markedly higher Jsc (16.04mAcm−2) than Pt (15.77mAcm−2), NbO2 (13.40mAcm−2), and NbN (13.21mAcm−2) CEs. | What is the value of PCE? | 23995 |
{
"text": [
"titania"
],
"answer_start": [
28
]
} | 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.12.057 | In general, nanocrystalline titania films is used as a photoanode, platinized counter electrode filled with (I−/I3−) in the electrolyte solution. | What is photoanode? | 45306 |
{
"text": [
"17.83%"
],
"answer_start": [
18
]
} | 10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.10.024 | An average PCE of 17.83% over 30 individual devices witnesses the success of using the Au@Ag core-shell plasma to remarkably improve the performance of PSCs. | What is the value of PCE? | 12084 |
{
"text": [
"6.4mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
51
]
} | 10.1016/j.renene.2012.11.017 | Minor increments, both in Jsc and Voc, from 6.0 to 6.4mA/cm2 and from 729 to 740mV respectively, were observed (). | What is the value of Jsc? | 30056 |
{
"text": [
"16.08mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
66
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2017.01.018 | VOC, JSC, and FF of the cell without the compact layer are 0.75V, 16.08mAcm−2 and 0.60, respectively. | What is the value of JSC? | 34112 |
{
"text": [
"5.06%"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
} | 10.1039/C4DT03856H | All the parameters were higher than those of the device sensitized by only N719 (Jsc = 12.11 mA cm−2, Voc = 0.68 V, FF = 0.61 and η = 5.06%). | What is the value of η? | 73921 |
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
24
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.07.031 | iPHPSC of configuration FTO/CF-Sp-BTh/GO(0.5wt%)-CH3NH3PbI3/PC61BM/Au shows a high PCE of ∼14.28% in comparison to iPHSCs fabricated with pristine CH3NH3PbI3 and other GO (0.25 and 1wt%)-CH3NH3PbI3 hybrids. | What is ? | 7182 |
{
"text": [
"12.2mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
74
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2018.07.029 | The Jsc values integrated from the IPCE spectra are 11.3, 12.1, 13.0, and 12.2mAcm−2 for the 2D PSCs with ITIC-Th layer processed from 6, 9, 12, and 15mgmL−1 solutions, respectively. | What is the value of Jsc? | 485 |
{
"text": [
"100mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.10.138 | The J-V curves of the devices under illumination (100mW/cm2, AM 1.5G) of the devices are presented in . | What is the value of illumination? | 10904 |
{
"text": [
"15 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
33
]
} | 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.08.004 | The active area of the cells was 15 cm2. | What is the value of active area? | 38276 |
{
"text": [
"0.34V"
],
"answer_start": [
237
]
} | 10.1016/j.dyepig.2012.03.002 | It is noteworthy that the IPCE response of HIQ3 extended to 1100nm, which is the longest-wavelength response among all NIR dyes reported to date.The current–voltage characteristics (Jsc, Voc, FF, and η) of the HIQ1 cell were 7.76mAcm−2, 0.34V, 0.64 and 1.69%, respectively, under AM 1.5 irradiation at 100mWcm−2 (). | What is the value of Voc? | 59198 |
{
"text": [
"7.28%"
],
"answer_start": [
157
]
} | 10.1039/C6NR01838F | Owing to these unique features of NGFs, when being applied as CEs for DSSCs, a higher PCE of 7.32% can be achieved, which is comparable to that with Pt CEs (7.28%). | What is the value of PCE? | 68246 |
{
"text": [
"1.33 V"
],
"answer_start": [
71
]
} | 10.1039/C8QM00337H | The HTM-free device achieves a PCE of 6.10% (Jsc = 5.93 mA cm−2, Voc = 1.33 V, FF = 77.5%), which is comparable to that reported by Jin's group. | What is the value of Voc? | 18790 |
{
"text": [
"3.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
275
]
} | 10.1039/C2NJ40547D | In this experiment, we prepared the monolayer TiO2 electrodes to a thickness of about 7 μm to make a semi-transparent DSSC to allow the transmittance-mode transient absorption measurement.The ηeff values for the NP-TiO2 DSSC were NM-TiO2 (5.2%), NK-TiO2 (4.1%), and NS-TiO2 (3.8%). | What is the value of η? | 69119 |
{
"text": [
"17.5mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
106
]
} | 10.1016/j.solener.2018.10.087 | Compared with Pt-based DSSCs, the NiCo2S4-based solar cell can gain PCE of 8.9% with Voc of 715mV, Jsc of 17.5mAcm−2 and FF of 0.71, which is superior to the values obtained from the Pt-based device. | What is the value of Jsc? | 31260 |
{
"text": [
"14.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
45
]
} | 10.1016/j.coelec.2018.10.006 | By using the optimized condition, a PSC with 14.8% PCE for small area (0.065cm2) and 10.9% for larger area (0.95cm2) were successfully fabricated. | What is the value of PCE? | 1411 |
{
"text": [
"60"
],
"answer_start": [
195
]
} | 10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.01.139 | It has been reported that R1 is related to electrical contact between conducting substrate and porous-TiO2(e) provides the evidence that the multilayer structure with the arc-TiO2 film measuring 60 nm in thickness, was uniformly coated on the ITO with thickness 190 nm. | What is TiO2? | 25642 |
{
"text": [
"8.17 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
59
]
} | 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.10.073 | The optimized TO125 based DSSC displays the highest Jsc of 8.17 mA/cm2, Voc of 0.42 V, FF of 0.34 and resulted into PCE of 1.16%. | What is the value of Jsc? | 38138 |
{
"text": [
"0.58 V"
],
"answer_start": [
84
]
} | 10.1016/j.materresbull.2012.10.025 | However, device D, based on dyestuff 5, showed relatively low Jsc-3.25 mA cm−2, Voc-0.58 V and FF-0.61, leading to a lower η value of 1.14%. | What is the value of Voc? | 35802 |
{
"text": [
"Al"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} | 10.1039/C4CP00298A | Alternatively, if we view the perovskite material as an intrinsic semiconductor with the Fermi level positioned near the middle of the band-gap, the high work function ITO will form a Schottky barrier with perovskite. | What is ITO? | 12711 |
{
"text": [
"20.37mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
214
]
} | 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.06.104 | These excellent features made the electrode potentially suitable to be used as the counter electrode in iodine shuttle-based DSCs and resulted in interesting photovoltaic parameters like VOC, JSC, and PCE of 0.7V, 20.37mAcm−2, and 6.0%, respectively.Supplementary data to this article can be found online at | What is the value of JSC? | 36393 |
{
"text": [
"100 mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
446
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2014.02.013 | Then the previously sensitized TiO2 electrode and the Pt counter electrode were assembled via sealing by epoxy mixed with spacers of about 25 μm, yielding an initially integrated DSSC device which was then filled with electrolyte (HEPTACHROMA, Dalian, China) before finishing device assembly.The current–voltage (J–V) data of the studied devices were measured with a computer-controlled Keithley 2400 source meter under the AM 1.5G illumination (100 mW/cm2) of a solar simulator. | What is the value of illumination? | 40014 |
{
"text": [
"CH3NH3PbI3"
],
"answer_start": [
486
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2018.05.045 | However, it is noted that these porphyrins are soluble in common organic solvent such as chloroform and chlorobenzene not in alcohol, which prevent them from constructing the CBLs on PCBM of fullerene/perovskite planar heterojunction solar cells.Motivated by the excellent interfacial properties of porphyrins, herein, we synthesized a π-conjugated ionic porphyrin (m-PYBrZnPor) as the CBLs for fullerene/perovskite planar heterojunction solar cells with a device structure of ITO/PTAA/CH3NH3PbI3/PCBM/CBL/Ag (ITO: indium tin oxide, PTAA: poly-triphenylamine, PCBM ([]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester):). | What is perovskite? | 3240 |
{
"text": [
"8.02%"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
} | 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.01.065 | For ZrO2 layer with a thickness of 1.2μm, the devices showed an average PCE of 8.02%, with average open-circuit voltage (VOC) of only 0.87V, JSC of 16.00mAcm−2 and FF of 0.57. | What is the value of PCE? | 2374 |
{
"text": [
"22.88mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
74
]
} | 10.1016/j.matlet.2018.12.048 | CH3NH3PbI3−xClx small area devices deliver short-circuit current (Jsc) of 22.88mA/cm2, open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.82V, fill factor (FF) of 52.9%, corresponding to PCE of 9.92%, which are significantly higher than that with CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite layer (Jsc of 12.57mA/cm2, Voc of 0.84V, FF of 42.3%, PCE of 4.46%). | What is the value of Jsc? | 8931 |
{
"text": [
"14.11%"
],
"answer_start": [
111
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2019.07.007 | Perovskite solar cells fabricated using this solution resulted in maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.11% with enhanced stability as compared to the reduced PCE values obtained with other DMSO ratios and pure DMF solution cast films.During the last decade, the rapid growth of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has become feasible owing to the inexpensive perovskite materials, ease of fabrication, and high power conversion efficiency (PCE) []. | What is the value of PCE? | 6649 |
{
"text": [
"5.79%"
],
"answer_start": [
43
]
} | 10.1016/S1872-2067(19)63361-9 | The PCE of the DSSC based on Co3O4/RGO CE (5.79%) was remarkably higher than those of the cells with pure Co3O4 or RGO CE and even comparable to that a cell using platinum CE (6.16%). | What is the value of PCE? | 36795 |
{
"text": [
"7.11%"
],
"answer_start": [
128
]
} | 10.1039/C8TA07180B | As a result, the DSSCs employing the B/T(4)PD photoanode achieve higher PCEs, which are 7.29% with the B/T(4)P+D photoanode and 7.11% with the B/T(4)P−D photoanode, respectively. | What is the value of PCE? | 65241 |
{
"text": [
"GM"
],
"answer_start": [
150
]
} | 10.1016/j.carbon.2014.06.015 | illustrates the comparative SEM plane images of the surface morphologies of the Pt-sputtered CE and CEs fabricated with different grades of GNPs: GH, GM, GC-300, GC-500 and GC-750. | What is CE? | 58256 |
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
} | 10.1016/j.orgel.2017.01.038 | The results indicate that the as-spin-cast devices were strongly degraded under light illumination at 100mWcm−2. | What is the value of illumination? | 4182 |
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