answers
dict | title
stringlengths 16
40
| context
stringlengths 13
1.96k
| question
stringclasses 124
values | id
stringlengths 1
5
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
23
]
}
|
10.1039/C8RA02575D
|
For comparison, the Pt/FTO CE electrode was prepared by thermal decomposition of H2PtCl6 (5 mM in isopropanol) on the FTO substrate using spin-coating method and sintered at 390 °C for 15 min.The TiO2 film consisted of a transparent TiO2 layer (particle size of 20–30 nm, thickness of 7.2 μm, (Ti-Nanoxide HT/SP)) and a scattering layer (a mixture of 200–400 nm rutile TiO2 particles, thickness of 5.8 μm, Dyesol (WER4-O)).
|
What is substrate?
|
66151
|
{
"text": [
"6.02%"
],
"answer_start": [
76
]
}
|
10.1039/C5EE02641E
|
The PCE of ternary solar cells is as high as 8.4%, surpassing the 4.69% and 6.02% of the individual α-6T:SubPc-based and α-6T:SubNc-based solar cells.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
15108
|
{
"text": [
"2.41%"
],
"answer_start": [
153
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2013.06.014
|
On the other hand, the DC1/DCA-sensitized DSSC, compared to the DC5-sensitized DSSC, Jsc increased from 1.34 to 5.70mAcm−2, 0.45–0.54V for Voc, and 0.46–2.41% for η.
|
What is the value of η?
|
47708
|
{
"text": [
"0.378%"
],
"answer_start": [
69
]
}
|
10.1016/j.ijleo.2018.10.150
|
The power conversion efficiency (η) of natural yellow dye (100%) was 0.378% and for natural red dye(100%) was 0.134%.
|
What is the value of η?
|
28055
|
{
"text": [
"15.08%"
],
"answer_start": [
104
]
}
|
10.1039/C5TA01277E
|
The PCE of the planar p–i–n pero-SCs based on CH3NH3PbI3−xClx with the PCBC CBL reached a high value of 15.08%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
17641
|
{
"text": [
"5"
],
"answer_start": [
701
]
}
|
10.1039/C7CP07494H
|
Therefore, careful design of light harvesting groups as well as insulating chains to form compact dye layers may be vital to optimize the performance of DSCs.The support of the National Nature Science Foundation of China (21103123) and Tianjin Natural Science Foundation (13JCZDJC32400) is gratefully acknowledged.† Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Photophysical and electrochemical parameters for dye M26, variation of light absorption spectrum of the M26 sensitized TiO2 film under HCl treatment, absorption coefficient and light harvesting efficiency at the wavelength of 630 nm, details on the fits to the curves of electron density versus the Fermi level, derivation of eqn (5), reaction–diffusion model for simulating DSCs and numerical details, effect of the conduction band edge shift on absorbed photon conversion efficiency, and dependence of the recombination constant on dye loading.
|
What is TiO2?
|
71162
|
{
"text": [
"7.18%"
],
"answer_start": [
112
]
}
|
10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127228
|
The I–V curves show that the Jsc and η values are 14.92mAcm−2 and 6.95%, 16.62mAcm−2 and 7.06%, 17.60mAcm−2 and 7.18% for 4a–c, respectively.
|
What is the value of η?
|
58931
|
{
"text": [
"7.93%"
],
"answer_start": [
88
]
}
|
10.1039/C6CS00752J
|
DSSCs using these carbon-based hybrid CEs presented PCEs of 8.41%, 8.34%, 8.18%, 8.09%, 7.93%, 7.76%, 7.75%, 7.69%, and 7.63% respectively.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
66616
|
{
"text": [
"3.75%"
],
"answer_start": [
144
]
}
|
10.1039/C3RA23428B
|
The CB-based DSSC showed a better η of 5.35% with the addition of 1.0 wt% of POEM as the dispersant than the cell without the dispersant (η) of 3.75%).
|
What is the value of η?
|
75026
|
{
"text": [
"20.14mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
152
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2019.08.036
|
Device performance results indicate that TPA2C with two TPA fragments demonstrated the best results, with a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 20.14mAcm−2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.90V and a fill factor (FF) of 76.96%, yielding a PCE of 13.95%, which is comparable to the control device with a PCE of 15.55%.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
2528
|
{
"text": [
"0.92V"
],
"answer_start": [
201
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2019.01.008
|
The best cell performance of a device incorporating HTM-2 (PCE=12.0%; Jsc=19.4mAcm−2; Voc=0.94V; FF=65.6%) was superior to that of the corresponding PEDOT:PSS–based cell (PCE=9.9%; Jsc=18.1mAcm−2; Voc=0.92V; FF=59.7%).
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
6837
|
{
"text": [
"0.16cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2019.05.081
|
A sandwiched structure device with active area of 0.16cm2 was assembled together with the C-coated FTO glass by applying a 60mm-thick hot-melt sealed film as the spacer.
|
What is the value of active area?
|
47479
|
{
"text": [
"14.81%"
],
"answer_start": [
115
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2016.03.017
|
Averaged from 20 individual devices, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of devices derived from Pb(Ac)2 reaches 14.81%, much higher than PbI2 sourced devices by one-step (8.23%) or two-step (10.58%) spin-coating.Patterned fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass with sheet resistance of 15Ω/sq was purchased from Wuhan Geao Instruments Science & Technology Co., Ltd (China).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
4319
|
{
"text": [
"0.76 V"
],
"answer_start": [
87
]
}
|
10.1016/j.tet.2009.05.028
|
Under the same condition, the JK-88 sensitized cell gave a Jsc of 9.28 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.76 V, and a fill factor of 0.75, corresponding to η of 5.28%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
45251
|
{
"text": [
"68.95%"
],
"answer_start": [
183
]
}
|
10.1016/j.tsf.2016.06.059
|
DSSC based on TiO2 nanotubes revealed short-circuit current density (Jsc), open-circuit voltage (Voc), fill factor (FF) and power conversion efficiency (η) of 6.06 mA cm− 2, 0.806 V, 68.95% and 3.37%, respectively.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
28315
|
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
79
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2006.10.001
|
The following conclusions can be made:The different preparation methods of the TiO2 pastes do not influence the performance of the cells.The mass ratio of water, acetic acid, 2-propanol and TiO2 powder contained in the TiO2 pastes was determined to be 1:1.43:2.77:0.16.The efficiency of cells undergoes no obvious change with the increase in the aging time of the TiO2 pastes within one week.The favorable dying time is above 2 h, and the photo-energy conversion efficiency of cells can reach a value of about 3.7%.The open-circuit voltage slowly decreases when the time increases, and then remains nearly stable; on the other hand, the photocurrent rapidly decays after 3 h.
|
What is ?
|
41632
|
{
"text": [
"80 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
107
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.02.019
|
The obtained Pt/Ti counter electrode shows low charge-transfer resistance (57.52 Ω cm2 with active area of 80 cm2) and high electrocatalytic activity for the I3−/I− redox reaction.
|
What is the value of active area?
|
48275
|
{
"text": [
"I3−/I−"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
}
|
10.1039/C3TA14879C
|
The two-step PANI CE showed improved excellent electrocatalytic activity for the I3−/I− redox reaction compared to the conventional one-step PANI CE due to its higher cathodic peak current in CV tests and a lower Rct value.
|
What is redox reaction?
|
76548
|
{
"text": [
"5.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
11
]
}
|
10.1039/C1CC12150B
|
12 μm; η ≈ 5.5%), fabricated and tested under the same conditions.Thicknesses for these two types of photoanodes are individually optimized to achieve the best values of η.
|
What is the value of η?
|
62286
|
{
"text": [
"ITO"
],
"answer_start": [
39
]
}
|
10.1039/C7RA13289A
|
The architecture of the p-i-n PSC with ITO/PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI3/[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM)/Al is schematically shown in Fig.
|
What is ?
|
12223
|
{
"text": [
"1.02 V"
],
"answer_start": [
267
]
}
|
10.1039/C6TA06115J
|
For the 100-IPA device, the forward scan affords an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.86 V, a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 0.74 mA cm−2, a fill factor (FF) of 35% and a PCE of 0.22%, while the reverse scan exhibits a slightly higher performance with a Voc of 1.02 V, a Jsc of 0.75 mA cm−2, a FF of 44% and a PCE of 0.34%, which has a hysteresis index (HI) of 35%, HI = |(PCE(reverse) − PCE(forward))|/PCE(reverse).
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
12850
|
{
"text": [
"10.41 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
112
]
}
|
10.1016/j.matchemphys.2017.04.045
|
But, the DSSCs employing MW-100, MW-300 and MW-600 as photoanode yields a Jsc of 11.11 mA/cm2, 15.18 mA/cm2 and 10.41 mA/cm2 respectively.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
48106
|
{
"text": [
"0.71V"
],
"answer_start": [
244
]
}
|
10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.104099
|
This encourages us to simultaneously increase the thickness of the Sn–Pb mixed perovskite absorber film to enhance the light harvest.Here, we show that the VOC of Sn–Pb mixed perovskite devices can be significantly enhanced by up to 70mV, from 0.71V to 0.78V, by using PEABr as the surface passivator.
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
9734
|
{
"text": [
"0.95 V"
],
"answer_start": [
98
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2016.03.035
|
For the device fabricated on the used FTO-1 substrates, it presents a PCE of 10.81% with a Voc of 0.95 V, a Jsc of 17.29 mA/cm2 and an FF of 65.11%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
3523
|
{
"text": [
"17.75%"
],
"answer_start": [
82
]
}
|
10.1039/C8TA10975C
|
Comparatively, PVKSCs using IDT6CN-4F as the ETM obtained a slightly lower PCE of 17.75% with a VOC of 1058 mV, a JSC of 21.74 mA cm−2 and a FF of 77%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
18029
|
{
"text": [
"14.1%"
],
"answer_start": [
141
]
}
|
10.1039/C8RA02637H
|
As a result, the perovskite solar cell using Cs-doped ZnO showed higher performance than those using other alkali metal carbonates with over 14.1% PCE.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
14699
|
{
"text": [
"1.7%"
],
"answer_start": [
20
]
}
|
10.1039/C8TC03542C
|
18) showed a PCE of 1.7%, which was later optimized to 3.2% by Docampo et al.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
70836
|
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
117
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.05.035
|
Photocurrent-voltage (J-V) characteristics were determined on a Keithley 2602 Source Meter under AM 1.5 irradiation (100mWcm−2) from an Oriel Solar Simulator 91192.
|
What is the value of Solar?
|
8234
|
{
"text": [
"2.18%"
],
"answer_start": [
272
]
}
|
10.1039/C8NJ04068K
|
However, adding the co-adsorbent CDCA has a profound influence on the DSSCs efficiencies of the three polymer dyes, improving the power conversion efficiency by 2-fold to 4.12%, 2.07% and 1.53% for PPNPP, FPNPP and APNPP, respectively (without the CDCA polymer: PPNPP (η, 2.18%), FPNPP (η, 1.02%) and APNPP (η, 0.85%)).
|
What is the value of η?
|
72986
|
{
"text": [
"56"
],
"answer_start": [
12
]
}
|
10.1039/C8TA09452G
|
2015M1A2A2055631) and the Global Frontier R&D Program of the Center for Multiscale Energy Systems (No.
|
What is ?
|
16273
|
{
"text": [
"15.12mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
111
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2018.05.037
|
The DSSC devices with pCPPR dye exhibited high PCE of 5.57% with a short-circuit photocurrent density (JSC) of 15.12mA/cm2, an open-circuit photovoltage (VOC) of 0.71V and a fill factor (FF) of 0.52 under simulated AM 1.5G irradiation (100mW/cm2).
|
What is the value of JSC?
|
27501
|
{
"text": [
"5.92%"
],
"answer_start": [
208
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2018.08.052
|
Using this methodology, dye-coating was ∼20 times faster and the fabricated device has 23% higher PCE compared to the DSSC fabricated by the conventional dip coating method (dip-coating duration=1200min, PCE=5.92%).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
24710
|
{
"text": [
"gold"
],
"answer_start": [
184
]
}
|
10.1039/C6TA01715K
|
However, the Jsc and PCE of the device fabricated with I-CSCNT and spiro-OMeTAD were still lower than that of standard PSCs fabricated with spin-coated spiro-OMeTAD and the evaporated gold back contact (14.76%), probably because of the relatively low conductivity and reflectivity of the I-CSCNT back contact as compared to the Au electrode.
|
What is electrode?
|
15655
|
{
"text": [
"15.0%"
],
"answer_start": [
25
]
}
|
10.1039/C7TC04649A
|
Impressive PCE values of 15.0% and 16.1% were recorded for devices based on a standard CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite and mixed perovskite, respectively.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
16769
|
{
"text": [
"17.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
197
]
}
|
10.1016/j.mtener.2018.05.017
|
Through careful device optimization, PSCs based on the ionic ETM FA2+-PDI2 exhibit an impressive average power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.0%, which is comparable to the PSC based on PC61BM (17.5%).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
11376
|
{
"text": [
"13.82%"
],
"answer_start": [
172
]
}
|
10.1039/C6RA03466G
|
1, these P3HT/F-graphene composite HTM-based PSCs shows superior cell performance to the corresponding device with the pure P3HT under the same condition, a high PCE up to 13.82% has been achieved, with an 8 mm2 effective area.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
12690
|
{
"text": [
"10.3mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.08.010
|
In contrast, films formed over 2h (Voc=900mV, Jsc=10.3mAcm−2, FF=63.9%, PCE=5.9%) had a lower performance especially in terms of the current density.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
5317
|
{
"text": [
"I3−/I−"
],
"answer_start": [
502
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.12.066
|
The improved dispersibility of GN in base fluid by using the ball milling method can be explained by the fact that grinding can break up large GN aggregates into smaller aggregates, and further, exfoliation can be employed to break these smaller aggregates into individual particles, which can facilitate the use of ultrasonication to disperse GNs The photovoltaic performance of DSSCs can be improved by increasing the SSA and electrochemical activity of the counter electrode, which can increase the I3−/I− redox reaction rate shows the BET surface area of raw, purified and purified and ground GNs.
|
What is redox reaction?
|
49462
|
{
"text": [
"6.10%"
],
"answer_start": [
240
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2012.09.015
|
Among the fabricated DSSCs, the device based on the furan as π-linker exhibited a short circuit current density of 14.56mAcm−2, an open circuit photo voltage of 0.71V and a fill factor of 0.59, implying a power conversion efficiency (η) of 6.10%.
|
What is the value of η?
|
52117
|
{
"text": [
"0.77 V"
],
"answer_start": [
142
]
}
|
10.1039/C6NJ02615J
|
As for the other doped material, the π–π conjugation affects the conduction band of the TiO2 nanotube arrays, greatly decreasing the Voc from 0.77 V to 0.66 V.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
69386
|
{
"text": [
"13.2%"
],
"answer_start": [
301
]
}
|
10.1039/C7TA09174E
|
If we take into account the fabrication set-up and production time on a mass-scale, the cost can be expected to go down even further because of the low-temperature processability.Air-processed carbon allotrope-sandwiched PSCs with a configuration of ITO/C60/MAPbI3/CNT without a HTM produced a PCE of 13.2% with a cost down to less than 5.5% that of the conventional devices.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
20323
|
{
"text": [
"CH3NH3PbI3"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
}
|
10.1039/C4TA02711F
|
The CH3NH3PbI3 film was annealed under argon for 15 min at 100 °C.Following the CH3NH3PbI3 film deposition, PbS QDs with their original ligands (oleic acid) were deposited by spin coating on top of the CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite.Finally the counter electrode was deposited by thermal evaporation of gold under a pressure of 5 × 10−5 Torr.
|
What is perovskite?
|
13582
|
{
"text": [
"730mV"
],
"answer_start": [
89
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.09.083
|
The optimal properties were obtained in the Au2.0-DSSC with a Jsc of 15.88mAcm−2, Voc of 730mV and η of 7.21%, showing 20.8%, 38mV and 23.0% enhancements compared with that of the Au0.0-DSSC, respectively.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
48390
|
{
"text": [
"4.68%"
],
"answer_start": [
162
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2017.06.016
|
The Voc has a further decrease and the Jsc growing more slowly when ZTO powder was heated to a higher temperature of 600 °C, resulting in the reduction of η from 4.68% to 3.92%.The incident photo-to-electric conversion efficiency (IPCE) spectra of the cells composed of ZTO powder heated to different temperatures were measured in the scope of wavelength from 300 to 650 nm.
|
What is the value of η?
|
47601
|
{
"text": [
"1.06 V"
],
"answer_start": [
214
]
}
|
10.1039/C7TA00539C
|
The PSC fabricated from the solution with the DMSO additive exhibits the best photovoltaic performance with a PCE of 17.26%, a short circuit current density (Jsc) of 22.74 mA cm−2, an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.06 V, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.716.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
17068
|
{
"text": [
"12.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
107
]
}
|
10.1039/C8TA09855G
|
In contrast, the hot-casting processed CsPbI2Br PSCs showed dramatically improved performance with PCEs of 12.5% and 13.8% for 120 °C and 180 °C post-annealed perovskites, respectively, which is ascribed to the compact and void-free perovskite morphologies.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
16501
|
{
"text": [
"512mV"
],
"answer_start": [
310
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2015.02.001
|
Both UY10 (Jsc=10.02mAcm−2, Voc=522mV, ff=0.67, η=3.52%) and UY11 (Jsc=11.82mAcm−2Voc=548mV, ff=0.70, η=4.52%) with double anchoring units confer an enhanced light absorption coefficient and provide an improved Jsc and Voc in DSSCs employing an iodine redox electrolyte in comparison to UY1 (Jsc=7.70mAcm−2Voc=512mV, ff=0.67, η=2.65%) with a single acceptor.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
24607
|
{
"text": [
"13.0%"
],
"answer_start": [
151
]
}
|
10.1039/C6TA06987H
|
This shows that the hexyloxy-chains-terminated diphenylamine moieties in HTMs 35–37 affect the device performance by lowering their PCE values to 11.0–13.0% compared to the equivalent devices based on their methoxy-terminated diphenylamine counterparts, HTM 32–34.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
13110
|
{
"text": [
"8.955%"
],
"answer_start": [
85
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2016.08.072
|
Consequently, the co-sensitized DSSC based on LD04 with N719 gave the highest PCE of 8.955%, exhibiting an improvement of 13.412% compared to the device sensitized with N719 alone (PCE = 7.896%) under the same conditions.The starting materials 4-hexyloxyphenylboronic acid, 5-bromo-thiophene-2-carbaldehyde and 5-bromo-furan-2-carbaldehyde were purchased from Aladdin.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
40122
|
{
"text": [
"8.23%"
],
"answer_start": [
174
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2016.03.017
|
Averaged from 20 individual devices, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of devices derived from Pb(Ac)2 reaches 14.81%, much higher than PbI2 sourced devices by one-step (8.23%) or two-step (10.58%) spin-coating.Patterned fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass with sheet resistance of 15Ω/sq was purchased from Wuhan Geao Instruments Science & Technology Co., Ltd (China).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
4305
|
{
"text": [
"808 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
132
]
}
|
10.1039/C3TA12320K
|
For the TiO2 hollow sphere and P25 nanoparticle-based photoanodes of the same thickness, the open-circuit voltage (Voc) of Cell HS (808 mV) is a little higher than that of Cell P25 (796 mV), which should be due to the lower electron recombination in the former cell.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
70076
|
{
"text": [
"18.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
}
|
10.1039/C7TA06923E
|
The modified devices based on INIC-2F exhibit the best performance with a maximum PCE of 19.3%, which is superior to those of the INIC-1F (18.8%) and INIC (17.4%) based devices.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
23037
|
{
"text": [
"74%"
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
}
|
10.1039/C5EE01050K
|
The semi-transparent planar sandwich cell exhibited values of 1.1 V Voc, 19.3 mA cm−2Jsc, 74% FF, and 15.7% η for the forward scan condition and 1.1 V Voc, 19.3 mA cm−2Jsc, 75% FF, and 15.9% η for the reverse scan condition, thereby showing a 15.8% ηavg (see the detailed deviation of Jsc, Voc, FF and ηavg in Fig.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
18453
|
{
"text": [
"9"
],
"answer_start": [
140
]
}
|
10.1039/C2EE22870J
|
The optimized device D had amounts of dye-loading/nmol cm−2 of 115 for YD2-oC8, 42 for CD4 and 5 for YDD6 in a TiO2 film of thickness (12 + 9) μm, giving JSC/mA cm−2 = 19.28, VOC/mV = 753, FF = 0.719, and PCE = 10.4% under standard AM 1.5 G one-sun irradiation, which is superior to what was obtained from their individual single-dye devices and two-dye co-sensitized systems.
|
What is TiO2?
|
70287
|
{
"text": [
"11.0mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
111
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2016.12.028
|
Among the four dyes, QX15 with a cyanoacrylic acid acceptor exhibited a highest Voc of 813mV and a high Jsc of 11.0mAcm−2, generating a highest PCE of 6.29%.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
48319
|
{
"text": [
"5.9%"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
}
|
10.1039/C6TA05497H
|
By introducing PS passivation interlayer in semi-transparent sandwich type MAPbI3 perovskite solar cells, we could improve the η from 5.9% to 10.2% for forward scan condition and from 6.6% to 10.6% for reverse scan condition.
|
What is the value of η?
|
19190
|
{
"text": [
"17.4 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
69
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2014.11.016
|
The short circuit current density (Jsc) obtained for TiO2 NB cell is 17.4 mA/cm2 which is again significantly higher than 13.1 mA/cm2 realized for the TiO2 NP cell.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
7855
|
{
"text": [
"4.21%"
],
"answer_start": [
88
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2019.08.069
|
From the forward scan, the PSC based on a-Nb2O5 ETL possesses a FF of 0.54 and a PCE of 4.21%, which is inferior to that of the reverse scan.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
4550
|
{
"text": [
"200"
],
"answer_start": [
225
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2014.11.020
|
Therefore, the bilayer ultrafine TiO2 combination (dice-like TiO2/P-18) is one of ideal ways to improve the performance of DSSCs.In order to further display the advantages of our strategy, TiO2 nanospheres with a diameter of 200 nm were used as scattering-layer of SC-D.
|
What is TiO2?
|
38247
|
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
33
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2010.11.076
|
The bottom layer is a compact nc-TiO2 of about 340 nm thick, synthesized by the sol–gel method.
|
What is ?
|
37326
|
{
"text": [
"ITO"
],
"answer_start": [
71
]
}
|
10.1039/C6TA08655A
|
The as-prepared perovskite precursor solution was spin coated onto the ITO/PEDOT:PSS substrate at a speed of 5000 rpm for 30 s.
|
What is substrate?
|
14546
|
{
"text": [
"6.25mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
71
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.04.023
|
Under the same fabrication conditions, D3 shows the highest Jsc value (6.25mAcm−2) and the value is almost double of those for the other three dyes.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
51550
|
{
"text": [
"1.01 V"
],
"answer_start": [
112
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2017.07.043
|
The average Jsc, Voc, FF, and PCE of the best device measured under different scan direction were 22.6 mA cm˗2, 1.01 V, 0.69, and 16.0%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
3675
|
{
"text": [
"739.4 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
205
]
}
|
10.1039/C4RA07967A
|
In addition, the IPCE spectrum of AZ263 exhibited a significantly larger area than the others.The Voc values increased in the following order: AZ260 (709.0 mV) < AZ263 (719.2 mV) < AZ6 (729.2 mV) < AZ261 (739.4 mV) < AZ262 (749.4 mV).
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
69845
|
{
"text": [
"0.16 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
222
]
}
|
10.1039/C5TA04566E
|
Finally, each viscous solution was cast onto a 20 nm blocking layer-coated FTO glass with a doctor blade method and calcined at 450 °C for 30 min.The above OT and AST series were used as photoanodes with an active area of 0.16 cm2, and the photoanodes were sensitized with an N719 dye solution in ethanol (10−4 M) at 50 °C for 3 h.
|
What is the value of active area?
|
72258
|
{
"text": [
"cuprous thiocyanate"
],
"answer_start": [
44
]
}
|
10.1016/j.optmat.2018.10.028
|
It consists of silver (Ag) as back contact, cuprous thiocyanate (CuSCN) as hole transport material (HTM), perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3) as n-type active layer and titanium dioxide (TiO2) as transparent conductive oxide.
|
What is hole transport material?
|
7994
|
{
"text": [
"∼8"
],
"answer_start": [
160
]
}
|
10.1016/S0927-0248(02)00249-0
|
The paste was spread on fluorine-doped conducting tin oxide glass plates (1×1.5 cm2, sheet resistance ∼10 Ω/sq) by the doctor blade technique to a thickness of ∼8 μm.
|
What is tin oxide?
|
32427
|
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
123
]
}
|
10.1039/C5CP03995A
|
S4, ESI).To investigate the behind nature, sBCP- and eBCP-based electron-dominant devices with the device structure of ITO/TiO2/MAPbI2.4Br0.6/PCBM/BCP/Ag were fabricated and evaluated.
|
What is ITO?
|
14299
|
{
"text": [
"CH3NH3PbI3Clx"
],
"answer_start": [
232
]
}
|
10.1016/j.matlet.2016.04.148
|
An optical modeling has been performed for simulating the transmission and reflection rates, photocurrent density, and loss in photocurrent density and efficiency of four perovskite solar cells with two different absorber layers of CH3NH3PbI3Clx and MAPbI3Cl materials.
|
What is perovskite?
|
8526
|
{
"text": [
"16.69mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2016.09.043
|
A typical device fabricated with H-3 dye exhibited a wide range of IPCEs (60% in the region of 355–605nm) as well as a Jsc of 16.69mAcm−2, a Voc of 705mV, and a FF of 0.64, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency of 7.55%.All reactions and manipulations were performed in a nitrogen atmosphere.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
48251
|
{
"text": [
"17.1%"
],
"answer_start": [
55
]
}
|
10.1039/C7RA10677G
|
The cell based on doped Spiro-MeOTAD achieved a PCE of 17.1% with a Jsc of 22.5 mA cm−2, a Voc of 1.03 V, and a FF of 0.736.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
21975
|
{
"text": [
"7.6%"
],
"answer_start": [
204
]
}
|
10.1039/C4EE01220H
|
A reference cell without any HTM was prepared for comparison, which displayed a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 14.0 mA cm−2, a VOC of 790 mV, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.69, resulting in a PCE of 7.6%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
22556
|
{
"text": [
"18.1%"
],
"answer_start": [
106
]
}
|
10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.02.025
|
Few common examples are P3HT, PTAA and PEDOT: PSS which achieved maximum PCE in PSCs, ~15.3%, ~20.2% and ~18.1%, respectively.P3HT, owing to its relatively cheaper synthesis cost, is a widely employed conducting polymer in organic photovoltaic devices Zhang et al.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
2400
|
{
"text": [
"812 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
195
]
}
|
10.1039/C4TA06679K
|
When applied as the photoanode in DSSCs, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.80% is achieved, with a short-circuit photocurrent (Jsc) of 15.67 mA cm−2, an open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) of 812 mV, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.77.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
66365
|
{
"text": [
"18.44%"
],
"answer_start": [
294
]
}
|
10.1016/j.mtener.2017.10.002
|
It is evident that the PVSCs derived from both FAPbI3(SrCl2)0.02 and FAPbI3(SrCl2)0.04 films afforded superior performance with large augmentations in all the photovoltaic metrics as compared to those of the control device, especially for FAPbI3(SrCl2)0.04 PVSC that shows an impressive PCE of 18.44%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
5062
|
{
"text": [
"0.19 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
146
]
}
|
10.1039/C7CP08038G
|
In order to avoid shorting the two electrodes were separated by hot melt polymer film (thickness 25 mm) (Meltonix-1170-25) with an active area of 0.19 cm2.
|
What is the value of active area?
|
63684
|
{
"text": [
"642 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
163
]
}
|
10.1016/j.renene.2011.03.003
|
For a typical device the maximum IPCE value could reach 86%, with a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 9.8 mA cm−2, an open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) of 642 mV, and fill factor (FF) of 0.63, which corresponds to an overall conversion efficiency (η) of 4.0%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
46275
|
{
"text": [
"18.85%"
],
"answer_start": [
21
]
}
|
10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.09.146
|
And a highest PCE of 18.85% was achieved on the champion device with a Voc of 1.100V, a Jsc of 22.52mAcm−2 and a FF of 0.761.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
1736
|
{
"text": [
"60.0%"
],
"answer_start": [
202
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.08.051
|
BChl-2 exhibited the best photovoltaic performance with a PCE of 10.95% calculated from an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.98 V, a short-circuit current (Jsc) of 18.62 mA cm−2 and a fill factor (FF) of 60.0%.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
6937
|
{
"text": [
"CH3NH3PbI3-xBrx"
],
"answer_start": [
486
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jssc.2019.04.022
|
The photovoltaic performances of Y-doped and pure TiO2 compact layers PSCs were compared.The Y-doped TiO2 compact layers were prepared by hydrolysis-pyrolysis method using an acidic isopropanol solution consisted of 0.23M titanium isopropoxide, 0.013M HCl, and 0.0115M YCl3 with the Y/Ti molar ratio of 0%, 5%, or 10% was introduced in the acidic precursor solution, with yttrium chloride hexahydrate (YCl3·6H2O, 99.99%) as the Y source [The preparation of Y-doped TiO2 nanorod arrays, CH3NH3PbI3-xBrx perovskite thin film, spiro-OMeTAD layer, and gold electrode, as well as the characterization with SEM, XRD, EDS, UV–Vis, PL, EIS, photovoltaic performance measure of PSCs were the same as our previous reports [ shows the surface and cross-sectional SEM images of pristine and Y-doped TiO2 compact layers.
|
What is perovskite?
|
4093
|
{
"text": [
"920mV"
],
"answer_start": [
34
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.08.010
|
1h of perovskite growth time (Voc=920mV, Jsc=17.2mAcm−2, FF=63.5%, PCE=10%) was much better than 2h (Voc=830mV, Jsc=11.3mAcm−2, FF=60%, PCE=5.6%).
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
5319
|
{
"text": [
"17.18%"
],
"answer_start": [
18
]
}
|
10.1039/C7TC03368K
|
A champion PCE of 17.18% was achieved with an open-circuit voltage of 1.052 V, a short-circuit current density of 20.63 mA cm−2 and a fill factor of 79.15%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
20845
|
{
"text": [
"4.29%"
],
"answer_start": [
209
]
}
|
10.1039/C5RA13799C
|
The optimized concentration of 0.6 wt% graphene in N-TNTs NC based DSSCs exhibited η of 6.33% with Jsc of 12.86 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.715 V, and FF of 65.13% as compared to that of pure N-TNTs based DSSC has η of 4.29% with a Jsc of 8.34 mA cm−2, Voc of 0.696 V, and FF of 73.80%.
|
What is the value of η?
|
63444
|
{
"text": [
"5.01%"
],
"answer_start": [
69
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2015.01.035
|
The Jsc, Voc, FF, PCE of I-ZnO cell are 13.75 mA cm−2, 0.64 V, 0.57, 5.01%, respectively.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
23388
|
{
"text": [
"0.73 V"
],
"answer_start": [
167
]
}
|
10.1016/j.microrel.2015.05.003
|
The sheet resistance was measured by the four-point probe (S-301-6, Signatone)., the J–V characteristics for DSSCs, the cell with TiO2 compact layer is increased from 0.73 V to 0.76 V with a rise of around 4% for the open-circuit voltage (Voc), from 4.81 mA/cm2 to 5.87 mA/cm2 for the short-circuit current density (Jsc), and from 1.77% to 2.24% for the photoelectric conversion efficiency, respectively.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
36662
|
{
"text": [
"60 s"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
}
|
10.1039/C6TA05053K
|
It is clearly shown that the sub-bandgap absorption below 1.5 eV in the perovskite film prepared with 60 s MAI loading time is the smallest among those of the samples.
|
What is the value of time?
|
13955
|
{
"text": [
"5.8%"
],
"answer_start": [
28
]
}
|
10.1039/C5TA05057J
|
Device D delivered a PCE of 5.8% with a Voc of 0.76 V, a Jsc of 13.1 mA cm−2, and an FF of 58%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
21116
|
{
"text": [
"1.30%"
],
"answer_start": [
198
]
}
|
10.1039/C3RA46212A
|
The highest light-to-electricity conversion efficiency (η) of 2.13% was realized for the dye CZ-6 based DSSC, which was higher than those achieved for the CZ-4- and CZ-6-sensitized DSSCs (1.69% and 1.30% respectively).Nowadays, the environmental pollution and global warming resulting from the consumption of fossil fuels force us to search for renewable energy sources and retain sustainable development.
|
What is the value of η?
|
60985
|
{
"text": [
"0.64 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
66
]
}
|
10.1039/C6RA18954G
|
In all our experiments, the active area of the DSSCs was fixed at 0.64 cm2.Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM, QUANTA FEG 250) was used to investigate the surface morphology of the samples by applying a diluted drop of nanoparticles on a silicon wafer.
|
What is the value of active area?
|
76792
|
{
"text": [
"0.74 V"
],
"answer_start": [
62
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2016.04.002
|
The device using Pt CE gives a JSC of 11.58 mA cm−2, a VOC of 0.74 V, a FF of 0.69, and a PCE of 5.93%.
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
48486
|
{
"text": [
"8.94%"
],
"answer_start": [
54
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.01.132
|
The DSCs based on 1T-MoS2@HCS CE possesses the PCE of 8.94%, being higher than that with 2H-MoS2@HCS CE (8.16%) and comparable to that with Pt CE (8.87%).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
36415
|
{
"text": [
"7.5mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
422
]
}
|
10.1016/j.optmat.2018.05.009
|
It is observed from the previous authors that for the DSSC solar cells made of Red Turnip extracted red dye and Wild Sicilian extracted purple dye, the short circuit current (Jsc), open circuit voltage (Voc) and Fill Factor of these two cells are 9.5mA and 8.2mA, 430mV and 380mV, 37% and 38% respectively [In our work, the dye sensitized solar cell with red colloid dye displayed a short circuit current density (Jsc) of 7.5mA/cm2, an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 570mV and Fill factor of 40.65% whereas the another two solar cells fabricated with Prussian blue dye and Green dye made of Chlorophyll have shown the Short circuit current (Jsc) 13.5mA and 6.5mA, open circuit voltage (Voc) 730mV and 473mV and fill factor 69.55% and 25.83% respectively.With the comparison of electrical parameters like Short Circuit current (Isc), Open circuit voltage (Voc) and Fill Factors of these three fabricated solar cells and the previous solar cell it is revealed that the Solar Cell-2 of our work, using the Prussian blue dye has exerted the maximum Fill Factor of 69.55% in comparison to others.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
32996
|
{
"text": [
"7.3%"
],
"answer_start": [
209
]
}
|
10.1039/C5TA09911K
|
Several similar devices were fabricated with varying thicknesses of these ZnO layers, and from these studies, 55 nm (mean thickness) of ZnO was found to be the optimum layer thickness that improved the PCE to 7.3% (Table 6).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
14178
|
{
"text": [
"15.73mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
189
]
}
|
10.1016/j.matchemphys.2015.08.054
|
As can be seen, the P25 film-based solar cell yields an efficiency (5.64%) with Jsc=14.12mAcm−2, Voc=0.63V, and FF=0.64, while the MS film-based one exhibits an efficiency (5.28%) with Jsc=15.73mAcm−2, Voc=0.63V, and FF=0.53.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
54715
|
{
"text": [
"glass"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
}
|
10.1039/C0CC02619K
|
reporting 11.4% for C101.Typically, DSC devices are prepared by sintering a TiO2 film on a substrate such as TCO glass at 450–500 °C and sensitizing this in a dye solution for up to 24 h.
|
What is substrate?
|
64029
|
{
"text": [
"0.79 V"
],
"answer_start": [
220
]
}
|
10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.09.009
|
The flexible BHJ IOSCs with PEDOT:PSS exhibited a maximum PCE of 6.82% with Jsc of = 17.08 mA cm−2, Voc of = 0.78 V, and FF of = 51.50%, compared to a slightly superior PCE of 7.52% with Jsc of = 17.32 mA cm−2, Voc of = 0.79 V, and FF of = 56.70% for the flexible BHJ IOSCs based on CzPAF-TPA.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
7683
|
{
"text": [
"10.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
175
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.09.100
|
Using the vapor treatment improved the parameters of the best device from 0.97V, 10.3mAcm−2, 0.49 and 4.8% for Voc, Jsc, FF and η, respectively to 1.02V, 19.0mAcm−2, 0.54 and 10.5%.
|
What is the value of η?
|
1658
|
{
"text": [
"13.1mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
112
]
}
|
10.1016/j.tet.2013.10.041
|
By comparison, the employment of M21 and M22 as sensitizers results in a significantly improved JSC of 12.5 and 13.1mAcm−2, contributing to an evidently enhanced PCE of 7.30 and 7.89%, respectively.
|
What is the value of JSC?
|
59915
|
{
"text": [
"0.25cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
72
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.09.134
|
Note that the active area of all the DSSCs fabricated in this study was 0.25cm2.The morphology of the films was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM, MIRA3 LMH TESCAN).
|
What is the value of active area?
|
54379
|
{
"text": [
"20.41mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
22
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2018.10.013
|
As a result, a Jsc of 20.41mAcm−2, Voc of 0.699V, FF of 72.55%, and a PCE 10.35% were obtained () under one sun light intensity at AM 1.5G condition.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
43792
|
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