answers
dict | title
stringlengths 16
40
| context
stringlengths 13
1.96k
| question
stringclasses 124
values | id
stringlengths 1
5
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
{
"text": [
"6.08%"
],
"answer_start": [
273
]
}
|
10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.02.004
|
Finally, the fabricated DSSC containing Ag/ERGO/FTO CE represented suitable photovoltaic characteristic parameters (Voc= 0.8 V, jsc= 29.04 mA cm−2 and η= 4.24%) under simulated light of AM1.5 G (1000 W m−2) compared to Pt-based DSSC (Voc= 0.66 V, jsc= 19.54 mA cm−2 and η= 6.08%).
|
What is the value of η?
|
55342
|
{
"text": [
"0.77 V"
],
"answer_start": [
112
]
}
|
10.1039/C5RA02730F
|
(ii) Open-circuit potential: the Voc of AB (0.74 V) and Pt (0.71 V) CEs are much lower than that of CuO-NRs/AB (0.77 V) based CE DSSCs, using same working electrode and electrolyte.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
61768
|
{
"text": [
"14.57%"
],
"answer_start": [
178
]
}
|
10.1039/C7SE00472A
|
At an optimized concentration (1.2 wt%) of Au@SiO2 NPs, we obtained a significant improvement in photocurrent by 25.1% from 17.45 to 22.35 mA cm−2 and PCE by 27.3% from 11.44 to 14.57%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
21165
|
{
"text": [
"37.7mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
70
]
}
|
10.1016/j.mtener.2017.09.009
|
The JSC of solar cells was increased significantly from 31.3mAcm−2 to 37.7mAcm−2 when applying side contacts, which can be attributed to the reduction of shadow loss ().
|
What is the value of JSC?
|
12147
|
{
"text": [
"5.15%"
],
"answer_start": [
82
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2013.12.020
|
One solar cell containing the n-hexyl group in the fluorene unit produced an η of 5.15% (Jsc=9.69mAcm−2, Voc=0.77V, and ff=0.70) under 100mWcm−2 simulated AM 1.5G solar irradiation (100mWcm−2).Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have attracted significant attention in recent years because of their high efficiency, low cost, and facile fabrication A common organic dye for DSSCs contains a structure of electron donor/acceptor (D–A) that is linked through a π-conjugated bridge; this structure is called the D–π–A molecular structure This study presents three new organic dyes (F1, F2, and F3) with different group-substituted fluorene moieties as π-conjugated bridge, a diphenylamine moiety as electron donor, and a cyanoacetic acid as electron acceptor ().
|
What is the value of η?
|
48557
|
{
"text": [
"5.44%"
],
"answer_start": [
336
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.08.127
|
A wide absorption wavelength (400–750nm) for light harvesting is found for the co-sensitizer at the molar ratio of 6 to 4 for JD1 to SQ2 dye, and thereby an η value of 6.36% is achieved for the pertinent DSSC, which is much higher than those of the cells sensitized with individual dyes absorbing narrow wavelength of light, i.e., η of 5.44% and 4.11% for the DSSC sensitized with JD1 (absorption wavelength from 400 to 550nm) and SQ2 dye (absorption wavelength from 550 to 750nm), respectively.The co-sensitizer adsorption kinetics in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) was investigated by using simple UV–visible absorption spectra and images for co-sensitizers before and after TiO2 films soaking.
|
What is the value of η?
|
39757
|
{
"text": [
"12.96%"
],
"answer_start": [
66
]
}
|
10.1039/C8TA12509K
|
The corresponding solar cells exhibited PCEs ranging from 9.66 to 12.96% and the champion PV performance was achieved for a device based on CsSnI3 nanorods.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
14337
|
{
"text": [
"7.29%"
],
"answer_start": [
107
]
}
|
10.1039/C8TA03811B
|
Owing to the formation of the CsPbBr3 phase with a ratio of 1:1, the device exhibits an outstanding PCE of 7.29% and a higher photocurrent because of their excellent light capture.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
20914
|
{
"text": [
"208 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
243
]
}
|
10.1039/C9TA00867E
|
The film deterioration became prominent with increasing Cu thickness and attributed to the formation of secondary Cu2S and Sn2S3 phases.The solar cell fabricated with a lower Cu/Sn ratio (1.46) exhibited the highest PCE of 2.39% with a Voc of 208 mV and Jsc of 29.926 mA cm−2.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
71663
|
{
"text": [
"17.85mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
125
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2018.06.092
|
The DSSCs assembled by MoSe2 CE yielded a remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.01% (short-circuit current (Jsc)=17.85mAcm−2, open-circuit voltage (Voc)=695mV, fill factor (FF)=0.57).
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
52267
|
{
"text": [
"0.64 V"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2015.01.012
|
Both the Jsc and Voc values of the DSSCs decrease from 14.78 mA cm−2 and 0.75 V at T= −4 °C to 13.56 mA cm−2 and 0.64 V at T= 60 °C, respectively, thereby resulting in a considerable reduction in the corresponding PCE value from 7.25% at T= −4 °C to 5.67% at T= 60 °C, respectively.In order to determine the possible reasons for these observed phenomena, we performed an electrochemical impedance spectroscope (EIS) measurement for the DSSCs operated at different temperatures.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
27057
|
{
"text": [
"α-NiS"
],
"answer_start": [
61
]
}
|
10.1016/S1872-2067(19)63361-9
|
Owing to the excellent surface effect and work function of a α-NiS nanocrystal with a small size, the cell with monodisperse α-NiS CE exhibited an obviously higher PCE of 7.33% than a cell employing bulk NiS (4.64%).
|
What is CE?
|
36805
|
{
"text": [
"21.0mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
269
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.11.013
|
The temperature was kept constantly around 22°C because our buildings have central air conditioners, and the temperature was controlled all year long, while the humidity variation is due to the weather or season.(a–d): average short-circuit current densities (JSC) are 21.0mAcm−2, 20.4mAcm−2, 20.5mAcm−2, 20.6mAcm−2 and 20.5mAcm−2, respectively; average open-circuit voltages (VOC) are the same, 1.07V; average fill factors (FF) are 0.68, 0.70, 0.70, 0.71, 0.69, respectively; average PCEs are 15.4%, 15.3%, 15.4%, 15.7%, 15.1%, respectively.
|
What is the value of JSC?
|
721
|
{
"text": [
"100mWcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2019.02.003
|
The current density-voltage (J-V) characteristics of the DSSCs were measured by a Keithley 2400 source meter under simulated AM 1.5G (100mWcm−2) illumination with a solar light simulator (Oriel, Model: 911292).
|
What is the value of illumination?
|
49751
|
{
"text": [
"1.06V"
],
"answer_start": [
210
]
}
|
10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.04.067
|
Further increasing the SCA treatment time results in gradually improved device efficiency, and the best LEPeSC with 5min SCA treatment exhibits the highest efficiency of 14.02%, with Jsc of 16.50mA/cm2, Voc of 1.06V, and FF of 80.21%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
11742
|
{
"text": [
"160"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2008.05.007
|
In this case, the photoanode and the Pt counter electrode were sandwiched with a 160 μm thick (before melting) surlyn polymer foil as spacer.
|
What is photoanode?
|
50438
|
{
"text": [
"22.15mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
66
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2019.07.029
|
The device annealed for 10min gives a PCE of 15.29% with a Jsc of 22.15mA/cm2, a Voc of 0.99V, and a FF of 0.69.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
7881
|
{
"text": [
"MAPbI3"
],
"answer_start": [
620
]
}
|
10.1039/C8TA02652A
|
This discovery is conducive to our in-depth understanding of the PbI2-rich system and thus would considerably be a suitable method to further reduce the interface energy loss in the perovskite solar cells.This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51702179, 51672290), the Outstanding Youth Foundation of Shandong Province (JQ201813), DICP & QIBEBT (UN201705), the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS (2015167) and the Qingdao Key Lab of Solar Energy Utilization and Energy Storage Technology.† Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: Detailed synthesis of the MAPbI3 and MAPbI3/PbI2 perovskite films, solar cells fabrication and characterization are included.
|
What is perovskite?
|
18565
|
{
"text": [
"4.93%"
],
"answer_start": [
64
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2013.10.045
|
Among these dyes, the cells based on TPC exhibit a maximum η of 4.93% (Jsc=8.59mAcm−2, Voc=0.77V, ff=0.75) under standard global AG 1.5 G solar light irradiation (100mWcm−2).
|
What is the value of η?
|
59963
|
{
"text": [
"8.40%"
],
"answer_start": [
41
]
}
|
10.1039/C6CS00752J
|
The DSSC with Ag2S CE displayed a PCE of 8.40%, higher than that the device with Pt CE (8.11%).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
66723
|
{
"text": [
"11.13%"
],
"answer_start": [
101
]
}
|
10.1039/C4MH00236A
|
effectively increased the pore-filling of perovskite in ZnO NRA film and further improved the PCE to 11.13%, with both increased Jsc (20.08 mA cm−2) and Voc (0.991 V).Mathews and coworkers also reported a ZnO NRA-based all-low-temperature processed device, in which the ZnO nanorods were fabricated using chemical bath deposition (CBD) while the ZnO compact layer was formed by electrodeposition.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
13210
|
{
"text": [
"8.90%"
],
"answer_start": [
173
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.10.056
|
Compared to the DSSCs based on CoSeO3·2H2O-x CEs with irradiation from front side, the device with CoSeO3·2H2O-0.06 CE yields a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.90%, short circuit current density (JSC) of 17.64mAcm−2, open circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.745V, and filled factor (FF) of 0.677, the PCE value is higher than that based on conventional Pt CE (8.39%).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
44987
|
{
"text": [
"6.23%"
],
"answer_start": [
74
]
}
|
10.1039/C2JM30247K
|
By mixing the large nanoporous TiO2 spheres, η was enhanced from 4.41% to 6.23%, whereas Voc and FF were not appreciably changed.
|
What is the value of η?
|
67590
|
{
"text": [
"0.92V"
],
"answer_start": [
198
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2019.01.008
|
Thus, the HTM-2–based inverted PSC device provided a significantly higher PCE (12.0%; Jsc=19.4mAcm−2; Voc=0.94V; FF=65.6%) than that of the PEDOT:PSS–based control device (9.9%; Jsc=18.1mAcm−2; Voc=0.92V; FF=59.7%).
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
6836
|
{
"text": [
"12.3%"
],
"answer_start": [
249
]
}
|
10.1039/C8TA05444D
|
3b and the device performance summarized in Table 1, the devices fabricated with the VATA process resulted in better Voc, Jsc and fill factors compared to the devices annealed under the nitrogen environment, leading to PCE improvement from 10.2% to 12.3%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
20294
|
{
"text": [
"I−/I3−"
],
"answer_start": [
88
]
}
|
10.1039/C5TA09763K
|
NHE, same below), respectively, which are more positive than the redox potential of the I−/I3− redox couples (∼0.4 V), indicating that the reduction of oxidized dyes with I− ions is thermodynamically feasible.
|
What is redox couples?
|
69318
|
{
"text": [
"0.91 V"
],
"answer_start": [
136
]
}
|
10.1039/C8TA10892G
|
By contrast, the control device based on the high temperature carbon electrode gave a PCE of 13.3%, with the Voc, Jsc, and FF values of 0.91 V, 21.45 mA cm−2, and 0.68, respectively.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
16054
|
{
"text": [
"775 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
230
]
}
|
10.1016/j.materresbull.2017.12.031
|
It could be seen that the Pt CE based DSSCs had a PCE of 7.56%, where Jsc was 14.90 mAcm−2, Voc was 779mV, and FF was 0.65; while the PCE of the synthesized PEDOT CE based device was only 6.77%, where Jsc was 13.79mAcm−2, Voc was 775 mV, FF was 0.63.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
38739
|
{
"text": [
"0.68 V"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
}
|
10.1039/C9CP02439E
|
The dye HD-2–DCA resulted in a Voc of 0.66 V, the dye HD-2–LTz-1 resulted in a Voc of 0.70 V, the dye HD-2–LTz-2 resulted in a Voc of 0.68 V and the dye HD-2–LTz-3 resulted in a Voc of 0.67 V.The use of LTz-3 as a co-adsorbent was shown to be more efficient.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
61173
|
{
"text": [
"0.16 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
35
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2018.01.010
|
The active area of solar cells was 0.16 cm2, which was defined by a black mask.
|
What is the value of active area?
|
3267
|
{
"text": [
"12.37 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
99
]
}
|
10.1016/j.tet.2012.02.077
|
Notably, we could find that the TT-sensitized cell exhibited better photovoltaic performances (Jsc=12.37 mA/cm2, Voc=0.72 V, ff=0.58, and η=5.12%) than other dyes, which might be due to the weakest aggregation of TT on TiO2 film according to UV–vis absorption results.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
54641
|
{
"text": [
"0.78 V"
],
"answer_start": [
289
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2016.06.148
|
It is well-known that the larger size of TRTMs has the scattering capacity to enhance light-harvesting efficiency and improves the performance of DSSCs, TRTMs was then used as the top scattering layer in the optimized DSSC-3, which shows the highest Jsc of 15.28 mA/cm2，the highest Voc of 0.78 V and the highest efficiency of 7.34%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
41534
|
{
"text": [
"0.16 cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
76
]
}
|
10.1039/C4RA03949A
|
The photoanode active area, determined by the aperture of a black mask, was 0.16 cm2.In a typical reaction, 0.005 g of prepared photocatalyst (HM-SnO2 spheres, NP-SnO2 spheres) was added to 500 mL of methyl orange (MO) aqueous solution (20 mg L−1) in a quartz reactor with a sealed bottom.
|
What is the value of active area?
|
70006
|
{
"text": [
"20.90±0.32mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2018.02.027
|
The HMe2Pc-based devices exhibited higher VOC of 1.030±0.020V, higher JSC of 20.90±0.32mA/cm2, slightly lower FF of 68.0±2.6%, and higher PCE of 14.53±0.69%, compared with those of ZnMe2Pc with a VOC of 0.985±0.014V, JSC of 20.81±0.28mA/cm2, FF of 68.5±1.3%, and PCE of 14.06±0.40%.
|
What is the value of JSC?
|
11866
|
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
95
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.05.023
|
Due to its abundant catalytic sites and enhanced contacting performance among the PANI NRs and FTO substrate, the PANI NRs CE provided high catalytic activity for I3− reduction and served a good path for the charge transport.
|
What is substrate?
|
24500
|
{
"text": [
"19.3%"
],
"answer_start": [
89
]
}
|
10.1039/C7TA06923E
|
The modified devices based on INIC-2F exhibit the best performance with a maximum PCE of 19.3%, which is superior to those of the INIC-1F (18.8%) and INIC (17.4%) based devices.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
23035
|
{
"text": [
"17.42mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
83
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2018.05.089
|
Interestingly, the Voc, Jsc, and FF of DSSC using nanocube CE could attain 0.754V, 17.42mAcm−2, and 0.701, respectively.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
48977
|
{
"text": [
"12.5 %"
],
"answer_start": [
25
]
}
|
10.1007/s11434-016-1050-x
|
Compared with the PCE of 12.5 % with a scanning rate of 0.6 V/s, a PCE of 12.0 % is obtained with a scanning rate of 0.2 V/s, illustrating that 96 % of the initial efficiency can be maintained.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
6700
|
{
"text": [
"7.75%"
],
"answer_start": [
429
]
}
|
10.1016/j.pecs.2017.10.005
|
Graphene nanoplatelets have also exhibited promising electrocatalytic activity towards I3−reduction in optically-semitransparent thin films with a good PCE of 5.73% and a fill factor of 0.65 in DSSCs The potent role of CNT composites (either metallic or polymers) as counter electrodes for DSSCs has been demonstrated CNTs decorated with Co and Ni nanoparticles as counter electrodes; accordingly, they reported the best PCEs of 7.75% and 8.39%, respectively CNT-Co and -Ni composites exhibited improved electrocatalytic activities relative to platinum-based counter electrodes.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
35148
|
{
"text": [
"14.21±0.67%"
],
"answer_start": [
437
]
}
|
10.1016/j.spmi.2017.03.011
|
The planar perovskite solar cell based on the high crystallinity and less grain boundary CH3NH3PbI3−xBrx thin films using the methylammonium halide mixture solutions with the molar ratio of CH3NH3Br/CH3NH3I=10/90 achieved a best photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.88% with an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.03V, a short-circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) of 20.62mAcm−2 and a fill factor (FF) of 0.70 and an average PCE of 14.21±0.67% with Voc of 1.02±0.02V, Jsc of 20.67±0.15mAcm−2 and FF of 0.67±0.05.The Br contents in CH3NH3PbI3−xBrx thin films linearly increased with the increase of Br contents in the methylammonium halide mixture solutions.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
11672
|
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
157
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2013.11.177
|
As shown in , the sheet resistance (Rs) of TALH-based cells was much larger than that of Pre-TiO2-based cells due to poor contact between the TiO2 layer and FTO substrate.
|
What is substrate?
|
57876
|
{
"text": [
"635 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
106
]
}
|
10.1039/C2JM34682F
|
This is to some extent consistent with the order of decreasing Voc: WD-8 (682 mV) > WD-7 (680 mV) > WD-6 (635 mV).In the Bode phase plots (Fig.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
72174
|
{
"text": [
"3.02%"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jallcom.2011.04.053
|
Results indicate that the η of the DSSC based on the ZnO-(NCAs/NWs) bi-layer structure is obviously enhanced and achieves up to a value of 3.02%, far higher than ∼1.04% of the DSSC fabricated by only the ZnO NW arrays and ∼2.56% of the DSSC fabricated by only the ZnO NCAs.
|
What is the value of η?
|
35331
|
{
"text": [
"680 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
170
]
}
|
10.1039/C4RA04407J
|
5b) that the diameters of the larger semicircles in lower frequency is 27.4, 25.1 ohm for TJ101 and TJ102, respectively, which result in the improvement of Voc of TJ101 (680 mV) and TJ102 (644 mV).
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
66487
|
{
"text": [
"0.95V"
],
"answer_start": [
87
]
}
|
10.1016/j.chempr.2017.03.011
|
In comparison, the X54-based devices exhibited a much lower PCE of 13.6% with a VOC of 0.95V, a JSC of 21.3 mA·cm−2, and an FF of 0.67.
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
7269
|
{
"text": [
"37%"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
}
|
10.1039/C5TA05057J
|
A higher PCE of 0.4% was reached in Device H with a Voc of 0.86 V, a Jsc of 1.19 mA cm−2, and a FF of 37%.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
21128
|
{
"text": [
"16.1%"
],
"answer_start": [
145
]
}
|
10.1039/C7TC04649A
|
It is also worth mentioning that the PCE of the ETL free device could reach up to 14.1%, but the complete cells exhibited superior efficiency of 16.1%, as reported by Ke et al.In order to fabricate PSCs with high efficiency, the materials selected as the ETL must fulfil several criteria.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
16818
|
{
"text": [
"13.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
83
]
}
|
10.1039/C7TC04649A
|
reported that the mesoporous structured PSCs with HBL yield a stabilised PCE up to 13.5%, while the HBL-free counterpart exhibited stabilised PCE of only 2.7%.For effective charge collection, it is also important to ensure that all nanopores within the scaffold framework are completely filled with perovskite materials.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
16753
|
{
"text": [
"9.1"
],
"answer_start": [
225
]
}
|
10.1039/C7TA09122B
|
They attributed this phenomenon to morphology refinement with K incorporation, which resulted in smoother and larger perovskite crystals and manifested as enhanced photovoltaic performance from 8.2% PCE for CsPbI2Br films to 9.1% for Cs0.925K0.075PbI2Br.While Pb-based perovskites have thus far achieved unprecedented efficiencies, the high toxicity of lead is a primary concern to the environment and to human health as even low exposure levels are associated with significant health impairments.
|
What is ?
|
17303
|
{
"text": [
"4"
],
"answer_start": [
105
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2005.07.002
|
DSSC was fabricated on an area of 2.5 cm2 with light to electrical conversion efficiency of 6.8% using a 4 μm layer of high surface area film of TiO2 together with an optimal scattering layer.
|
What is TiO2?
|
31294
|
{
"text": [
"400–800"
],
"answer_start": [
114
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2015.09.060
|
As shown in , the Pure TiO2 film exhibits a diminishing scattering effect in the visible light wavelength region (400–800 nm) due to the small particle size of P25.
|
What is TiO2?
|
52072
|
{
"text": [
"0.835 V"
],
"answer_start": [
30
]
}
|
10.1016/j.mseb.2010.12.016
|
Voc increases from 0.821 V to 0.835 V with the subsequent increasing amount of graphite from 0.00 wt% to 0.02 wt%, and Jsc shows a jump by 40% from 9.03 mA/cm2 to 12.59 mA/cm2 with only 0.01 wt% graphite amount ().
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
59310
|
{
"text": [
"5.71%"
],
"answer_start": [
84
]
}
|
10.1039/C2JM30832K
|
The MoP-DSC and Ni5P4-DSC yielded power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 4.92% and 5.71%, respectively.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
61160
|
{
"text": [
"55%"
],
"answer_start": [
159
]
}
|
10.1016/j.cplett.2016.12.036
|
Moreover, we notice that FF values of PSCs were also increased to 65–72% using salts-doped PCBM as ETL, while the device with un-doped PCBM showed a low FF of 55%.
|
What is the value of FF?
|
10442
|
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
127
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2004.11.021
|
1-Hexyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide (HMII) was synthesized from 1-methylimidazole (Fluka) and hexyl iodide (Fluka) Briefly, the TiO2 (anatase) colloidal solution was prepared by hydrolysis of titanium tetraisopropoxide according to the literature Conductivity measurement of solutions was performed by lab conductivity meter (DDSJ-308A, REX, Shanghai Precision and Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd., PR China) with a two platinum black electrode conductance cell (DJS-1C, REX, the area of each platinum black electrode is about 0.25 cm2, the distance between two platinum black electrodes is about 0.50 cm, the conductance cell constant is 0.977, determined by aqueous KCl standard solution).
|
What is ?
|
24859
|
{
"text": [
"glass"
],
"answer_start": [
45
]
}
|
10.1039/C1EE01218E
|
The action spectra were not corrected by the glass substrate reflectance/absorbance.
|
What is substrate?
|
76669
|
{
"text": [
"100 mW/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
47
]
}
|
10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.10.027
|
The light intensity was calibrated at one Sun (100 mW/cm2, AM1.5 G) using the certified Fraunhofer CalLab reference cell.
|
What is the value of light intensity?
|
11149
|
{
"text": [
"6.08%"
],
"answer_start": [
160
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2019.04.060
|
The incorporation of 1 into TiO2 as the photoanodes of DSSCs has a significant effect on the improvement of DSSC efficiency increasing the DSSC efficiency from 6.08% to 7.74%, the improvement of the PCE is 26.8% compared with pure P25.Compound 1 was synthesized by treating a suspension of Na9[SbW9O33], Cu(Ac)2, malic acid and N-donor ligand imidazole at 120°C under hydrothermal conditions.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
46219
|
{
"text": [
"FTO"
],
"answer_start": [
44
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.03.266
|
The counter electrode was a platinum-coated FTO substrate which is prepared by sputtering.
|
What is substrate?
|
57008
|
{
"text": [
"1 Sun"
],
"answer_start": [
177
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2014.10.008
|
The distance between the LED lamp source and the solar cell was adjusted to give a photocurrent corresponding to that obtained in the control experiment for the same samples at 1 Sun conditions using a solar simulator (Sun 2000 class A, Abet Technologies, equipped with an AM 1.5G filter).
|
What is the value of solar?
|
46189
|
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
57
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2018.10.130
|
Absorption spectra of the MAPbI3 perovskite films on FTO/TiO2 substrates were determined with SHIMADZU (model UV1700) ultraviolet to visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometer.
|
What is FTO?
|
421
|
{
"text": [
"0.0372 mA/cm2"
],
"answer_start": [
101
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2012.05.028
|
The best performing fibrous DSSC was that with the longest immersion time (60 min), which had Jsc of 0.0372 mA/cm2, Voc of 0.1820 V, and FF of 0.33.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
48170
|
{
"text": [
"3.45%"
],
"answer_start": [
101
]
}
|
10.1016/j.cej.2015.01.028
|
Moreover, under rear-side illumination the PCE of bifacial DSSCs are observed to be 3.07%, 3.19% and 3.45% when using N-doped, S-doped and N/S dual-doped GF as CEs, which reaches 82.0%, 82.8% and 81.7% that of front-side illumination, respectively.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
46329
|
{
"text": [
"Ag"
],
"answer_start": [
63
]
}
|
10.1016/j.orgel.2019.01.017
|
The device structures are ITO/SnO2/(PyEA)2MA8Pb9I28/PC61BM/BCP/Ag for electron-only devices and ITO/PEDOT: PSS/(PyEA)2MA8Pb9I28/PTAA/MoO3/Ag for hole-only devices.
|
What is ITO?
|
3314
|
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
}
|
10.1016/j.cplett.2012.04.021
|
It is speculated that the introduction of nitrogen as N3− ion replaced the oxygen deficiencies in the TiO2 lattice and lead to the smaller number of surface defects.
|
What is ?
|
43613
|
{
"text": [
"3.56%"
],
"answer_start": [
66
]
}
|
10.1039/C7TA00269F
|
The device with a 10 mol% SnCl2 additive achieved a record PCE of 3.56% and FF of ∼68%, demonstrating a way to simplify the device architecture without compromising its performance.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
17139
|
{
"text": [
"0.963mAcm−2"
],
"answer_start": [
151
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2018.12.042
|
The DTAB-assisted synthesized NiO film with C343 achieved higher power conversion efficiency of 0.0418%, with a short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 0.963mAcm−2 and an open circuit potential (Voc) of 121mV.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
45364
|
{
"text": [
"17.32%"
],
"answer_start": [
61
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solmat.2018.02.015
|
For the reverse scan condition, PCE increases from 16.47% to 17.32% and to 18.09% as chain length of (C6H5)CnH2n(NH3I) increases from n=0 (PAI) to n=1 (PMAI) and to n=2 (PEAI), respectively.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
666
|
{
"text": [
"ITO"
],
"answer_start": [
67
]
}
|
10.1039/B823011K
|
Mesoporous TiO2 layer was coated by a doctor blade method onto the ITO/PEN substrate using the binder-free paste (PECC-K01, Peccell Technologies), followed by heat-drying at 150 °C for 10 min.
|
What is substrate?
|
63521
|
{
"text": [
"70.62%"
],
"answer_start": [
142
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jiec.2019.01.036
|
The reference device, which featured no modifications, showed a photovoltaic performance of 12.13 mA/cm2 for the Jsc, 712 mV for the Voc, and 70.62% for the FF, which led to a PCE of 6.10%, while in the case of the device with the PAN(40)-TiO2/FTO electrode, which was treated with PAN for 40 min, the PCE was increased to 7.17% (Jsc = 14.49 mA/cm2, Voc = 700 mV, and FF = 70.68%).
|
What is the value of FF?
|
26936
|
{
"text": [
"1030 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
219
]
}
|
10.1039/C9NA00192A
|
PSCs based on ETLs with cauliflower-shaped SnO2 nanospheres showed an average power conversion efficiency (PCEavg) of 15.05%, with a short-circuit current-density (JSC) of 20.3 mA cm−2, an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 1030 mV, and a fill factor (FF) of 72%.
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
77283
|
{
"text": [
"6.35%"
],
"answer_start": [
239
]
}
|
10.1039/C1JM11850A
|
Under illumination, the DSSC with the PtNP/GR counter electrode exhibited a short-circuit photocurrent (Jsc) of 12.06 mA cm−2, an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.79 V and a fill factor (FF) of 0.67, yielding a conversion efficiency (η) of 6.35%.
|
What is the value of η?
|
74029
|
{
"text": [
"58"
],
"answer_start": [
152
]
}
|
10.1039/C8CS00029H
|
37d, orange bars) showed In2Se3 to be the most efficient buffer layer enhancing the photocurrent generation by about 120% and increasing the PCE from 0.58% for binary TiO2/CIS photoanode to 1.35% for TiO2/In2Se3/CIS heterostructure.
|
What is CE?
|
65861
|
{
"text": [
"17.26%"
],
"answer_start": [
117
]
}
|
10.1039/C7TA00539C
|
The PSC fabricated from the solution with the DMSO additive exhibits the best photovoltaic performance with a PCE of 17.26%, a short circuit current density (Jsc) of 22.74 mA cm−2, an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.06 V, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.716.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
17070
|
{
"text": [
"17.86%"
],
"answer_start": [
82
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jcou.2019.04.001
|
In addition, the PCE of 17.94% under reverse scan is obtained while it is kept at 17.86% when measured under forward scan.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
9584
|
{
"text": [
"15.52%"
],
"answer_start": [
91
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jssc.2019.04.022
|
As to the device with 5% Y-doped TiO2 compact layers, the champion cell presented a PCE of 15.52% with Jsc of 21.20mAcm−2, Voc of 1.00V, and FF of 73.22%, and the average PCE of 14.77±2.18% with Jsc of 20.97±1.19mAcm−2, Voc of 1.00±0.01V, and FF of 70.12±7.09%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
4100
|
{
"text": [
"0.715 V"
],
"answer_start": [
116
]
}
|
10.1039/C9TC01520E
|
5).The open-circuit voltages (VOC) of DSSCs based on the pristine dyes LJ-7, LJ-8 and LJ-9 are 0.738 V, 0.801 V and 0.715 V, respectively.
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
64404
|
{
"text": [
"6.38%"
],
"answer_start": [
50
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2018.06.092
|
For comparision, standard Pt CE produced a PCE of 6.38% (Jsc=17.67mAcm−2, Voc=690mV, FF=0.52).
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
52282
|
{
"text": [
"6.62%"
],
"answer_start": [
33
]
}
|
10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.07.003
|
A Jsc of 14.66 mA/cm2 and a η of 6.62% were measured.
|
What is the value of η?
|
46754
|
{
"text": [
"120s"
],
"answer_start": [
51
]
}
|
10.1016/j.renene.2014.06.043
|
When the sputtering time was increased from 30s to 120s, transmittance decreased from ∼88% to ∼60% over the entire 300–700nm range.Devices were first fabricated on FTO glass substrates using previously optimized conditions .
|
What is the value of time?
|
30082
|
{
"text": [
"14.79%"
],
"answer_start": [
72
]
}
|
10.1039/C4CC06716A
|
Among the three perovskite cells, Cell-405 exhibited the highest PCE of 14.79% with a JSC of 20.28 mA cm−2, a VOC of 1.023 V, and an FF of 0.713, which is comparable to that of Cell-S (15.23%) employing spiro-OMeTAD.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
12281
|
{
"text": [
"TiO2"
],
"answer_start": [
17
]
}
|
10.1016/j.molliq.2018.03.105
|
After binding to TiO2, DCE2/T1 (with only one adsorption of anchoring moiety on TiO2) and DCE2/T2 (with two adsorption of anchoring moieties on TiO2) exhibit a broad absorption band compared to DCE1/T1, and the absorption spectrum of DCE2/T1 and DCE2/T2 make the red-shifted and the blue-shifted compared to DCE1/T1, respectively.
|
What is ?
|
38223
|
{
"text": [
"8.72%"
],
"answer_start": [
129
]
}
|
10.1039/C3TA14876A
|
Under AM 1.5G illumination, the best sensitizer showed performance data of JSC = 18.11 mA cm−2, VOC = 0.66 V, FF = 0.729 and η = 8.72%, and a good cell stability at 60 °C for 1000 hours, being only decreased by ∼5% in the η value.The future prospect of a low-carbon society requires emerging renewable energy sources, among which dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) are considered to be one competitive candidate.
|
What is the value of η?
|
62675
|
{
"text": [
"660 mV"
],
"answer_start": [
139
]
}
|
10.1039/C8TC03542C
|
The device based on TCz-C6 had a VOC of 590 mV, JSC of 0.86 mA cm−2, FF of 0.38 and PCE of 0.20%; while that based on TCz-C12 had a VOC of 660 mV, JSC of 0.21 mA cm−2, FF of 0.34 and PCE of 0.05%.
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
70935
|
{
"text": [
"1.1"
],
"answer_start": [
89
]
}
|
10.1039/C5TA03731J
|
The solid, lightweight, and flexible device exhibited an energy conversion efficiency of 1.1%.Given the 3D light-collection property of fiber devices, the power output of FDSCs can be remarkably larger via catoptric and concentrated light.
|
What is ?
|
23166
|
{
"text": [
"16.58mAcm-2"
],
"answer_start": [
216
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2019.05.115
|
Similarly, the electron flux at photoanode corresponds to Jsc output, the limited electron recombination improves the number of photo-induced electrons to FTO layer, therefore the Jsc is also increased from 14.68 to 16.58mAcm-2.
|
What is the value of Jsc?
|
49553
|
{
"text": [
"0.6 V"
],
"answer_start": [
281
]
}
|
10.1016/j.solener.2017.08.052
|
The optimized CdSTF-TiO2 achieved a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 14.87 mA/cm2, open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 0.47 V and fill factor (FF) of 39%, yielding a photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.7%, which is considerably higher than CdSNPs-TiO2 with 3.78 mA/cm2, 0.6 V, FF of 38%, and 0.86% PCE.
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
25058
|
{
"text": [
"10.0"
],
"answer_start": [
537
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2017.09.096
|
The IPCE spectra were measured by irradiating the devices in the 400 to 800 nm range using an Oriel 69070 Spectroluminator and measuring the current/voltage output with a Wavetek Meterman 5XL multimeter.The solar cells were fabricated as already reported in the literature The amount of ruthenium dye molecules adsorbed on the mesoporous TiO2 electrode surface was determined by desorbing them with two drops of 0.1 M NaOH solution, diluting to 5 mL with water and measuring the UV–vis spectrum using the HP8453A spectrophotometer and a 10.0 mm quartz cuvette.The dcbpyH and btzH ligands present in the structure of the [Ru(dcbpyH)2(btzH)2] complex can be deprotonated in order to generate acid-base conjugates with contrasting photoelectrochemical properties.
|
What is TiO2?
|
52082
|
{
"text": [
"8.04%"
],
"answer_start": [
17
]
}
|
10.1039/C8TC00611C
|
The final PCE of 8.04% still remained 93.4% of the initial efficiency after 1512 h of one sun soaking; this indicated good long-term stability for the QSDSSC device based on the Ni0.12Co0.80Se nanoparticle CE, which was very important for practical applications.Ternary NixCoySe nanoparticle films with controllable stoichiometric ratios were prepared though in situ growth on the FTO substrate by a facile one-step solvothermal method, which were directly used as CEs of QSDSSCs.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
64820
|
{
"text": [
"7.26%"
],
"answer_start": [
21
]
}
|
10.1016/j.dyepig.2009.04.005
|
A maximum η value of 7.26% (Jsc=14.51 mA/cm2, Voc=0.70V, FF=0.715) is achieved under simulated AM 1.5 irradiation (100 mW/cm2) with a DSSC based on SD2 dye with one hexyl-substituted thiophene as π-conjugated unit, which reached ∼87% of an N719-based DSSC (8.32%) fabricated and measured under the same conditions.
|
What is the value of η?
|
33872
|
{
"text": [
"0.94 V"
],
"answer_start": [
119
]
}
|
10.1039/C7RA08680F
|
Among the three devices, the device with 0.05 mg ml−1 GOSs exhibits the highest performance, which has a higher VOC of 0.94 V, JSC of 13.68 mA cm−2, FF of 0.52, and PCE of 6.62%.
|
What is the value of VOC?
|
20788
|
{
"text": [
"2.33%"
],
"answer_start": [
28
]
}
|
10.1016/j.synthmet.2012.11.001
|
► CB1 obtained a η value of 2.33% (the reference Ru-complex N719 dye 5.45%).Four new organic dyes with N-carboxymethyl pyridinium as electron acceptors/anchoring groups were designed and synthesized.
|
What is the value of η?
|
32668
|
{
"text": [
"8%"
],
"answer_start": [
193
]
}
|
10.1039/C5NR04179A
|
S1a) scan rates, the device showed a decrease in both Jsc and FF, from 14.2 mA cm−2 and 55% at 0.83 V s−1, to 12.9 mA cm−2 and 50% at 0.1 V s−1, which leads to a decrease in PCE from 7.1% to 5.8%.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
19780
|
{
"text": [
"69.5%"
],
"answer_start": [
186
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2018.02.009
|
These synergistic effects resulted in a relatively small Rs and Rct as well as in a high diffusion coefficient making the DSSC based on WOx@WS2@carbon CE have a highest fill factor (FF, 69.5%).
|
What is the value of FF?
|
34408
|
{
"text": [
"6.7%"
],
"answer_start": [
94
]
}
|
10.1039/C4MH00236A
|
MAPbI3−xClx perovskite solar cells based on P3HT or PCPDTBT showed increased PCE from 3.8% to 6.7% or 0.58% to 6.84%, respectively.Compared with organic HTMs, inorganic p-type semiconductors appear to be an ideal choice due to their high mobility, stability, ease of synthesis and low cost.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
13439
|
{
"text": [
"4.15%"
],
"answer_start": [
111
]
}
|
10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.01.160
|
Further increasing the NaCl concentration beyond 1wt% in turn decreases the DSSC efficiency monotonically to η=4.15% with corresponding Jsc=7.13mA/cm2 (9wt% NaCl).
|
What is the value of η?
|
59530
|
{
"text": [
"0.734 V"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
}
|
10.1039/C8TC03288B
|
In the presence of the co-adsorbent, DPA, the RC-76 sensitized device E demonstrated a Jsc of 17.52 mA cm−2, a Voc of 0.734 V and a FF of 0.718, yielding a PCE of 9.23%.
|
What is the value of Voc?
|
67190
|
{
"text": [
"16.07%"
],
"answer_start": [
69
]
}
|
10.1016/j.joule.2018.10.011
|
Pero-SCs based on this CsPbI2Br film achieved a champion scan PCE of 16.07% (stabilized efficiency of 15.75%), which is the highest efficiency reported in all-inorganic pero-SCs.
|
What is the value of PCE?
|
6486
|
{
"text": [
"2.62%"
],
"answer_start": [
102
]
}
|
10.1039/C4FD00155A
|
What is more, Jsc and FF are also increased to 4.54 mA cm−2 and 0.54, respectively, leading to a η of 2.62%.
|
What is the value of η?
|
16323
|
{
"text": [
"34.02Ωcm2"
],
"answer_start": [
120
]
}
|
10.1016/j.electacta.2018.10.081
|
From the EIS data, the Pt CE shows the higher Rct of 3.71Ωcm2 comparing to the MoS2 CE (2.86Ωcm2) and MoS2 coupled rGO (34.02Ωcm2).
|
What is the value of Rct?
|
29325
|
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