text: Creating Interfaces with Bulma
  By Jeremy Thomas, creator of Bulma, Oleksii Potiekhin, Mikko Lauhakari, Aslam Shah, and
  Dave Berning
  & Dave Berning Acquisitions Editor: Christina Rudloff Editors: Troy Mott & Dave Berning Website: bleedingedgepress. or distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused either directly or indirectly by this book. This book expresses the authors views and opinions.com/en/superhero-super-hero-girl-costume-2483674/ ISBN 9781939902498 Published by: Bleeding Edge Press. Bleeding Edge Press. or implied warranties.Creating Interfaces with Bulma Copyright (c) 2018 Bleeding Edge Press All rights reserved. Cover: CC0 Creative Commons. Free for commercial use.No attribution required. Oleksii Potiekhin. Mikko Lauhakari. The information contained in this book is provided without any express. nor its resellers. Santa Rosa. statutory. CA 95404 Title: Creating Interfaces with Bulma Authors: Jeremy Thomas. Neither the authors. Aslam Shah. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of the publisher.com .
  terminology. and concepts 17 How is Bulma unique? 17 Simple columns system 17 Readability 18 Customizable 19 Modular 20 Columns 20 Modifiers 21 Components 22 Helper classes 22 Summary 23 CHAPTER 2: Creating and controlling forms with Bulma 25 Template requirements 25 Centered layout 27 Resizing the single column 28 Implementing the form’s content 29 Logo 29 Email input 30 Password input 32 v . Table of Contents Foreword by Jeremy Thomas xi Preface xiii CHAPTER 1: Understanding Bulma.
  Table of Contents Remember me checkbox 33 Login button 33 Summary 34 CHAPTER 3: Creating navigations and vertical menus 35 Creating the navigation bar 36 The navigation’s branding 36 The navigation’s menu 37 The Navigation’s dropdown menu 38 The main section 40 The sidebar menu 41 Summary 44 CHAPTER 4: Creating responsive grids with common components 45 The toolbar 45 Similarities between navbar and level 46 Creating the toolbar 46 The books grid 48 The book item 49 Pagination 52 Summary 53 CHAPTER 5: Creating breadcrumbs and file upload fields 55 New book detail template 55 Breadcrumb 55 The book form 56 Edit the book template 59 Summary 62 CHAPTER 6: Creating tables and selecting dropdowns 63 The list of customers 63 Updating the toolbar 64 Implementing the table of customers 65 New customer template 67 Edit customer template 70 vi .
  Modal 95 Mobile menu toggle 98 Notifications 98 Dropdowns 99 Delete a book item from books page 100 Delete a customer from customer page 100 Summary 100 CHAPTER 10: Using Bulma with Angular 101 Project preparation 101 Application 102 Components 103 Summary 116 CHAPTER 11: Using Bulma with VueJS 117 Installing Vue-CLI 117 vii . Table of Contents Summary 71 CHAPTER 7: Creating more tables and selecting dropdowns 73 List of orders 73 Edit Order 76 Order information 77 List of books 78 Row Form 80 Summary 81 CHAPTER 8: Creating notifications and cards 83 Title. time range 83 Important metrics 85 Latest orders 86 Most popular books with cards 88 Basic structure of a card 88 Most loyal customers 90 Summary 93 CHAPTER 9: Using Bulma with Vanilla JavaScript 95 Report a Bug .
  Table of Contents Setting up the Vue project 118 Preparing pages 118 Vue-Router 119 Installing Bulma 120 Option 1: Adding Bulma via a CDN 120 Option 2: Adding Bulma via NPM (Recommended) 121 Make use of Font-Awesome 122 Setting up components with Vue 123 Admin skeleton 123 Implementing the dashboard 126 First Vue template: Login page 129 Creating the “Report a Bug” component 132 Creating a component 132 Add the Modal to the App Template 135 Books page 136 Sorting books 137 Filtering books 138 Creating and editing a book 139 Summary 142 CHAPTER 12: Using Bulma with React 143 What you will be making 143 Installing “Create React App” 143 Quick overview of Create-React-App 144 The app structure 144 Installing Bulma 145 Option 1: Adding Bulma via a CDN 145 Option 2: Adding Bulma via NPM 145 Routing with React Router 4 146 BrowserRouter 146 Route 146 Final App.jsx 148 viii .js With Routes 147 Creating the Login component 147 Login.
  jsx 160 The book collection body 161 Collection.jsx 164 Tying the Collections Component Together 166 Running the application 167 Summary 168 CHAPTER 13: Customizing Bulma 169 Setting up node-sass 169 Creating package.jsx 156 HeaderUserControls. Table of Contents Creating the Login form 150 Creating the collection 153 The Header 154 Header.jsx 154 HeaderBrand.jsx 163 CollectionSingleBookDetail.jsx 157 Putting the header together 160 Footer.jsx 162 CollectionSingleBook.json 170 Creating a sass/custom.scss file 170 Importing Bulma 172 Importing the Google fonts 173 Introducing your own variables 173 Understanding Bulma’s variables 173 Overriding Bulma’s initial variables 174 Overriding Bulma’s component variables 175 Updating the HTML 179 Custom rules 180 Second font 180 Bigger controls 180 Using the Rubik font 182 Updating the sidebar menu 184 Fixing the navbar 185 Better tables 186 ix .
  Table of Contents Bold titles 187 Responsiveness with Bulma mixins 187 Media 188 Final Summary 190 x .
  ” While the initial launch was really quiet. something exciting! But I didn’t know what exactly. I knew Flexbox could be used to develop something new. Node. since they didn’t require PNG hacks or convoluted workarounds anymore. It was a breakthrough for me: no need for Dreamweaver and complex table lay- outs anymore. I decided to post my small framework on GitHub and share it across various tech and social websites. Bulma was born. For the next 10 years. while I would teach myself various web development tools (PHP. Foreword by Jeremy Thomas I discovered CSS almost by accident in 2007. While Bulma was initially a CSS generator I was working on that was making use of “capsules” (hence the name) as modular components. cus- tom fonts. the teacher was emphasizing the need to separate content from styling. and gradients. I realized I had built something not only interesting. CSS would remain my strongest skill. and the reason why clients and companies would hire me. clears and a complex markup to define columns.. and Flexbox’s syntax was the perfect candidate for a clearer and more flexible markup. Flexbox was a game changer: instead of relying on floats. it suddenly went viral. rounded corners. I was already pretty happy with shadows.). Ruby. and told us it could be achieved with CSS. Bulma was trending on GitHub. JavaScript. I didn’t know this event would eventually define the start of my ca- reer as a web developer. xi . Flexbox turned out to be the missing piece: the main ap- peal of a CSS framework is to simplify the process of defining page layouts. In the meantime. During an accessibility class. reached the Hacker News and Product Hunt homepages. a new layout model was becoming increasingly popular. there’s a chance it might solve a problem for someone else too. I used it to kickstart various CSS projects. and was shared hundreds of times via Twitter. both personal and professional. By the time I’d discovered Flexbox. Since I’ve always been an open source advocate. I was already using a small Sass framework I’d built and maintained myself over several months. I thought “If this small framework I built solves a problem of mine. you could define a Flexbox container with automatically resized col- umns and you had yourself a grid system! This solution would also drastically simplify the HTML markup.. I could write in a simple language that would translate my rules into visual interactive interfaces. It was called Flexbox. I decided to ditch the idea completely and rather combine my Sass framework with my recent Flexbox knowledge into a new modern CSS framework. something power- ful. new CSS features were being developed and adopted by browsers. But by the end of 2015.
  It shows how the open source community can turn a small CSS project into a major asset for web developers. But I think the best reward for me is to know that I’ve been able to help thousands of people make the web a place of their own. praising its simplici- ty and ease of use. I remained cautious though. I’ve acquired a lot of knowledge in the process. 150 contributors have helped close 860 is- sues and merge almost 300 pull requests. and down- loaded or installed more than 1 million times. xii . I’ve also seen many fans express their love for Bulma. whether it’s new CSS techniques or bet- ter writing skills. Foreword by Jeremy Thomas but actually useful. there is no question that Bulma will continuously grow and remain a widely used tool in the future.000 times on GitHub. Maybe Bulma’s popularity was only a sud- den burst of excitement that would fade away soon. But it did not. And considering how it spawned gorgeous websites and made lots of businesses thrive. Bulma has been starred 24. Two years into the project.
  and Orders. Atom. it only takes a few minutes to get ac- quainted with the framework. The only requirement is for your editor to have syntax highlighting and to be able to save a file with a specific extension (like . This interface has been chosen because it satisfies all of the requirements for xiii .com/troymott/bulma-book-code What will this book provide? This book is a step-by-step guide that will teach you how to build a web interface from scratch using Bulma.html or . etc. Even if you are not already familiar with Bulma. What do you need to know prior to reading? You don’t need to know Bulma to read this book! You only need to have an understanding of how HTML and CSS work. IntelliJ. Notepad++. You will also need a modern browser: Google Chrome. where users can log in to manage three content types: Books. The example website that you will build is an administration interface for an online book publisher. but you don’t need an in-depth knowledge since Bulma’s pur- pose is to avoid writing CSS! You also need a code editor: Sublime Text. Mozilla Firefox.css). and learn how to use Bulma’s components and layout system to create their own web interface. Emacs. Customers. Preface Who is this book for? This book is for any designer or developer willing to understand how to use Bulma. The online book publisher example All of the code for the sample project in this book can be found at:. Vim. Microsoft Edge or Apple Safari.
  Scania. Author bios Jeremy Thomas has been a web designer for more than 10 years. He has worked with: Volvo. With a background in web programming studies at Kalmar University. xiv .com/troymott/bulma-book-code). and that we have to learn new things every single day to keep ourselves up to date. He has 5+ years of experience in developing front-end interfaces for small to large-sized companies and be- lieves that technology never stops evolving.Ident GmbH. By the end of this book. That’s when he decided to make a career out of it. tech start- ups. Angular. Mikko Lauhakari is a developing web-creative. Louis Vuitton. Sweden. While studying graphic design in France. he has launched other useful web re- sources like MarkSheet. we shouldn’t be scared of moving from old things to new ones. He fell in love with Bulma in 2017 because it provides everything you need to build a modern UI for any kind of project. CSS Reference. and Vanilla JS. Microsoft. code teaching). His goal is to continuously share the knowledge he acquires through his daily work. he discovered CSS during an accessibility class and instantly fell in love with the language. Still active in the open source community. John Lewis Partnership. Thomson Reuters. VueJS. Renault. HTML Reference and Web Design in 4 minutes. freelancing. and decided to share it for free to the world: Bulma was born. Book co-authors and contributors Oleksii Potiekhin is a web developer by profession and by destiny with more then nine years of production experience in developing and designing GUIs on different platforms and technologies. You can access all of the code for this example on Github (https:// github. Aslam Shah is a Senior JavaScript Developer at Risk. you will understand how to: • Create layouts with Bulma • Work with components in Bulma • Design specific elements for your UI • Extend components with your own setup The book will also show you how Bulma can be integrated with JavaScript through the following frameworks: React. He’s had a passion for the web since the last bubble burst. He has worked with eCommerce companies. Volkswagen. Preface common CRUD (Create/Read/Update/Delete) functionalities. he has a wide knowledge base of different program- ming languages. or just simply a web nerd. which exist in any type of website or CMS. agencies (Sony. By the beginning of 2016. etc. Jeremy had developed a small framework that he was using himself for kickstarting his projects.
  CSS. and Dave Berning. Aaron Ang. xv . Technical Reviewers We would like to the thank the following technical reviewers for their early feedback and generous. He gradu- ated from the University of Cincinnati where he learned to create interactive websites with HTML. Dario Castañé. François-Xavier Costanzo. careful critiques: Ivan Ković. Samantha Baita. David builds rich progressive web applications with Vue and React. Stanley Eosakul. and JavaScript. and organizer of the CodePen Cincinnati meetups where he leads workshops and discussions about the latest technology in the field. He is also a writer for Alligator. Preface Dave Berning has been a front-end web developer for more than six years. You can find him almost anywhere on the internet as @daveberning.io.
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  its terms. Understanding Bulma. there’s probably a good chance that you’ve heard of Bulma. so you don’t need to know any Flexbox to get started. Flexbox is a relatively new CSS spec that has good browser support. • 100% responsive: Bulma is designed to be both mobile and desktop friendly. • Simple syntax: Bulma makes sure to use the minimal HTML required. Bulma is a lightweight configurable CSS framework that’s based on Flexbox. or just plain Vanilla JavaScript) Simple columns system Bulma is mostly famous for its straightforward columns architecture: <div class="columns"> <div class="column"> 17 . • Customizable: With over 300 SASS variables. VueJS. This chapter covers Bulma at a high level to get you familiar with Bulma. • No JavaScript: Because Bulma is CSS-only. knowledge of the CSS spec is preferred. Bulma makes using Flexbox a breeze and handles all of the hard work of Flexbox for you. React. and its concepts. and concepts 1 If you’re reading this book. so your code is easy to read and write. • Easy to learn: Most users get started within minutes. terminology. How is Bulma unique? Here are a few reasons why Bulma is different than other CSS frameworks: • Modern: All of Bulma is based on CSS Flexbox. However. you can apply your own branding to Bulma. it integrates gracefully with any Java- Script framework (Angular.
  They exist only as a way to pro- vide the base button with alternative styles. just append the classes is-primary and is-large. Bulma provides modifier classes. No additional change is required. you can just add another column: <div class="columns"> <div class="column"> <!-.Second column --> </div> <div class="column"> <!-. <a class="button is-primary is-large"> Save changes </a> 18 .Third column --> </div> </div> Each column will now take up 33% of the width. Readability Bulma is easy to learn because it’s easy to read. <a class="button"> Save changes </a> To extend this button. CHAPTER 1: Understanding Bulma. and column for the child items) to have a set of responsive columns. For example.First column --> </div> <div class="column"> <!-. terminology. a Bulma button simply uses the class name button. You don’t have to specify any dimensions: both columns automatically take 50% of the width. Con- tinue this and add as many columns in as you want. To make this button use the primary turquoise color and increase its size to large. and concepts <!-. Bulma will automatically adjust the size for you. If you want a third column.First column --> </div> <div class="column"> <!-.Second column --> </div> </div> That’s it! It only takes two classes (columns for the container.
  This will help give some meaning to your styles and it leaves it open for customization down the road. Set the derived variables // Use the new pink as the primary color $primary: $pink $primary-invert: $pink-invert // Use the existing orange as the danger color $danger: $orange // Use the new serif family $family-primary: $family-serif // 4. like overriding the blue color val- ue. Customizable Tip: You might want to stick with the “primary”. Import the initial variables @import "./bulma" Each Bulma component also comes with its own set of variables: • box has its own shadow • columns have their own gap • menu has its own background and foreground colors 19 . making almost any value in Bulma easy to override. serif // 3.. Import the rest of Bulma @import ". “secondary” naming conventions./sass/utilities/initial-variables" @import ". "Georgia". Customizable Bulma has more than 300 variables. // 1. or even the various responsive breakpoints.. By using SASS. or the primary font family. you can set your own initial variables.. allowing you to define a very personalized setup. Set your own initial variables // Update blue $blue: #72d0eb // Add pink and its invert $pink: #ffb3b3 $pink-invert: #fff // Add a serif family $family-serif: "Merriweather"./sass/utilities/functions" // 2.
  focus. For example. <div class="columns"> </div> Inside of the columns row. it’s easy to only import the parts you actually need.. CHAPTER 1: Understanding Bulma. Columns Flexbox is a one-dimensional grid system. because there is only one column. <div class="columns"> <div class="column"> 20 . and concepts • button and input have colors for each of their states (hover. some developers only want the columns. Modular Because Bulma is split into dozens of files. You start off with a columns row. In Bulma. Each documentation page comes with the list of available variables to override. Here is the most basic functionality of Bulma. <div class="columns"> <div class="column"> </div> </div> In this example. providing you with either rows or columns. active. All they have to do is create a custom SASS file with the following code: @import "bulma/sass/utilities/_all" @import "bulma/sass/grid/columns" This will only import the columns and column CSS classes. the column is 100% of the browser width. terminology.. you can add a single column or as many as you like. Bulma and Flexbox size your column depending on the number of columns added in a columns row. you develop websites with columns in mind and wrap your columns inside a row or wrapper.) • etc.
  <button class="button">I'm a button</button> So far its pretty generic. You can continue adding modifier classes to this button in order to change its appearance.33% wide. each will be 33. the smaller they become. <button class="button is-primary is-outlined">I'm a button</button> You can also use the is-loading modifier class to show an animated loading GIF on your button. The more columns you add. However. and with four columns. This was explained briefly in the introduction. 21 . For example. Modifiers Modifiers are extra CSS classes that you add to your HTML in order to change its appear- ance. each column is not 50%.or has-. each column becomes 25% wide. continue using existing classes. If you overwrite the styles of something. Modifiers </div> <div class="column"> </div> </div> Now. Let’s make it a “ghost” button or a hollow button with an outline. use the is-primary modifier. But let’s not stop there. but it’s worth mentioning again. let’s look at a <button> and see how adding a modifier can change its appearance. It’s considered best practice to leverage Bulma as much as possible before adding cus- tom classes. with not much going on. Note: All modifiers in Bulma start with is. If you have three columns. To change the color to a “primary” color of your theme. like when you submit a form. let’s change it to a turquoise color that Bulma ships with. <button class="button is-primary">I'm a button</button> Now the button is turquoise. This shows the user that a process is going on.
  terminology. which are pre-styled chunks of code that serve a certain purpose. Some examples of helper classes: • is-marginless: Removes all margins. and modal. CHAPTER 1: Understanding Bulma. • is-pulled-left: Moves the element to the left. These helper classes assist with user interface positioning. These should not be confused as traditional modifiers that change the look of your component or element. message.card image --> </div> </div> <footer class="card-footer"> <!-. utility classes) are modifiers that you can add to help structure your content and/or your user interface. dropdown.a. and concepts Components Bulma ships with components. With components. • is-unselectable: Prevents the text from being selectable. 22 .footer content --> </footer> </div> Other components are: menu. Helper classes Helper classes (a. such as “responsive helpers” and “typography helpers” that assist with responsiveness and text respectively. There are other types of helpers. Reference Bulma’s documentation for more information and examples of components.k.header content --> </header> <div class="card-content"> <div class="card-image"> <!-. you have to follow a specific HTML structure. Here is an example of a card component: <div class="card"> <header class="card-header"> <!-.
  23 . we’ll examine how to create and control forms in Bulma. but here are some further useful Bulma resources: • Bulma Documentation • Bulma Blog • Bulma Expo Next up. Summary Summary This chapter has introduced you to many Bulma concepts.
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  1/css/bulma.7. In this chapter. This will be vertically and horizontally centered in a full screen <div>.0/css/font-awesome.cloudflare.6.min. initial-scale=1"> <title>Login</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href=""> 25 . Some things to take away from this chapter are: the use of Bulma working with forms and why you leverage Bulma and when.com/ajax/libs/bulma/ 0.com/font-awesome/ 4. This will give you a solid understanding of Bulma and give you the tools you need to start integrating Bulma. you must follow the HTML5 web standard as well as the following tags: <!DOCTYPE html> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width.min.com/font- awesome/4.Creating and controlling forms with Bulma 2 Let’s dive right into creating user interfaces with Bulma.7. you create a full screen login form. initial-scale=1"> <link rel="stylesheet" href=". This login form that you’ll create will contain two form inputs (one for the email and one for the password).css"> All of these parts are combined in a valid HTML5 template: <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width. Template requirements In order for the login page to work properly.bootstrapcdn.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href=". To see the full code of the example used in this book take a look at the book’s accompa- nying GitHub page.
  enable us to choose an alternative style for the “hero. 26 .css"> </head> <body> <!-. the login form).1/css/bulma. As stated above. Bulma provides a hero class: it creates a large imposing banner that is useful to show- case something in particular (in this case.6.” Inside the <body>.com/ajax/libs/ bulma/0.The rest of your code will go here --> </body> </html> While this page is valid. modifiers “modify” the element that it’s attached to. This hero class comes with mod- ifiers which.cloudflare. In this case.min. add the following snippet: <section class="hero is-primary is-fullheight"> <div class="hero-body"> Login </div> </section> In addition to the hero class. leverage two Bulma modifiers: is-primary and is- fullheight. it is not showing anything yet. so let’s create our fill screen <div>. CHAPTER 2: Creating and controlling forms with Bulma <link rel="stylesheet" href=". when combined with the base class. is-primary adds the default primary color (turquoise) and is-fullheight makes the <section> increase the height of the <section> to 100% of the browser’s height.
  <section class="hero is-primary is-fullheight"> <div class="hero-body"> <div class="container"> <div class="columns is-centered"> <div class="column"> <form class="box"> Login 27 . • column: Will be horizontally centered. and that you are connected to the internet. and won’t reach the edges of the page on wider viewports. • box: With its white background and shadow allows its content to be readable on this turquoise webpage. You want the box to be both horizontally and vertically centered: • container: Makes sure that the box will have a maximum width. be sure to first set up the layout. Centered layout You can now see that the whole viewport is turquoise. • columns: Is a wrapper for the single column. make sure you have included all of the different assets. with "Login" written in white on the left side. The hero-body ensures that this text is vertically centered. Tip: If you don’t see a turquoise page. Centered layout Before implementing the login box.
  Since you only have one column. resize this column. Bulma provides modifiers that allow you to center columns. Since you don’t want the login box to be too wide. CHAPTER 2: Creating and controlling forms with Bulma </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> Even though you are using is-centered. so you don’t need to add a modifier to your form wrapper. It’s be- cause by default. Append these modifiers to the column: <div class="column is-5-tablet is-4-desktop is-3-widescreen"> <form class="box"> Login </form> </div> 28 . and notice how each column now takes up 50% of the horizontal space. Tip: Try to add a second column. but you want that column to be centered and responsive. Each one serves a specific purpose. Resizing the single column You only need a single column. append the following modifiers to the form wrapper. it takes up 100% of the width. • is-5-tablet: Restricts the wrapper to be 5/12 columns wide on tablet (from 769px) • is-4-desktop: Restricts the wrapper to be 4/12 columns wide on desktop (from 1024px) • is-3-widescreen: Restricts the wrapper to be 3/12 columns wide on widescreen monitors (from 1216px) Bulma is designed with mobile first in mind. and specify a different column size for each breakpoint. By default. the content doesn’t look centered. Luckily. To achieve this. each Bulma column is automatically resized to fill the horizontal space. it’s 100% of the mobile device’s width.
  add a logo first. it resizes at each breakpoint to maintain a reasonable width at all times. If a higher value is reached. Implementing the form’s content Resize your browser to see it in action! The column takes up the whole width. up to 768px. which handle form errors. Implementing the form’s content The login form will be built with four fields: • An email input • A password input • A “Remember me” checkbox • A “Login” submit button You will add a placeholder and a required attribute to some of the fields. Logo To reassure the user that they are indeed logging into the correct website. You can now implement the form’s content. so you can display to the user why they failed to login. Replace the “Login” text you’ve had so far with your first field: <form class="box"> <div class="field has-text-centered"> 29 .
  g. After the first field. alexjohn- 30 . It also comes with helper classes like has-text-centered to center text and inline elements. • control: This class acts as a wrapper for the input. Email input For the first input. which turns it bold and adds some space at the bot- tom. CHAPTER 2: Creating and controlling forms with Bulma <img src="images/logo-bis. use a couple of useful Bulma classes: • label: Class for all form labels.png" width="167"> </div> </form> Note: Make sure the images folder is alongside your login.html file. use the following HTML: <div class="field"> <label class="label">Email</label> <div class="control"> <input class="input" type="email" placeholder="e. and will allow you to enhance it with icons. Bulma provides a field class that allows each form field to be spaced evenly.
  you must first add the has-icons-left modifier to the control wrapper.com" re- 31 . • is-small: A modifier that makes the icon small.g. You can also use the is-large modifier. • is-left: Aligns the icon to the left of the form input. <div class="control has-icons-left"> You’ll want to add the envelope Font Awesome icon and add modifiers so the icon is floated to the left and fits within the email input. <div class="control has-icons-left"> <input class="input" type="email" placeholder="e. The control wrapper now contains an input with an icon to the left. In order to do that with Bulma. decorate the input with an email icon from Font Awesome to hint at the content expected here. This is a Bulma modifier that adds some padding to the left of the wrap- per to make room for an icon.com"> </div> </div> Although you are using an HTML5 email input. Implementing the form’s content son@gmail. <span class="icon is-small is-left"> <i class="fa fa-envelope"></i> </span> • icon: A Bulma element that defines an icon. alex@smith.
  the layout will not “jump” because Bulma makes sure that the space defined by the icon is fixed. and modify a few parts: • The label is now “Password” • The input type is password • The input placeholder is ******** • The icon is fa-lock <div class="field"> <label class="label">Password</label> <div class="control has-icons-left"> <input class="input" type="password" placeholder="********" required> <span class="icon is-small is-left"> <i class="fa fa-lock"></i> </span> </div> </div> The same Bulma classes apply to this field as well. 32 . CHAPTER 2: Creating and controlling forms with Bulma quired> <span class="icon is-small is-left"> <i class="fa fa-envelope"></i> </span> </div> Note: Even if the icon loads after the page. Password input The password input is very similar to the email icon. so you can simply duplicate the first field.
  The <label> element allows you to increase the click zone of the checkbox: the text “Remember me” is clickable as well. <div class="field"> <label class="checkbox"> <input type="checkbox"> Remember me </label> </div> Login button To complete your form. You don’t need a control here since you aren’t using an icon. <div class="field"> <button class="button is-success"> Login </button> </div> 33 . you only need a submit button. Bulma provides a button class that can be used on: • anchor tags <a> • button tags <button> • input tags <input type="submit"> You’ll want to use the <button> element since it’s the most flexible and is a valid form element. Implementing the form’s content Remember me checkbox Add a simple checkbox for the “Remember me” feature.
  34 . CHAPTER 2: Creating and controlling forms with Bulma Summary The login page is now complete! Since you’re using the required attributes for your email and password inputs. the form can only be submitted if these are valid. you can move on to the portion the user reaches after logging in: the admin area. Next up.
  you can always modify Bulma’s variables and adjust the user interface. rename it to books. and the <head>. and the main content area to the right. The first template you design is the Books template. This includes the navbar. In this example. 35 . Simply duplicate the login. menu to the left. These components (especially the navigation) are essential when creating a website. the <html> tags. Re- member.html. so let Bulma do all the heavy lifting. Once “log- ged” in. There’s no need to reinvent the wheel each time. The basic structure of the admin area is as follows: • Dashboard • Books ◦ Book • Customers ◦ Customer • Orders ◦ Order While each page will have its own specific content. an admin area should be displayed.html file. some parts will be common across all templates. and remove everything inside the <body> so you only have the Doctype. you learned how to create and control HTML forms with Bulma by creating a login form. it’s safe to assume that the “user” is able to login correctly. Note: To see the full code of the example used in this book take a look at the book’s accompanying GitHub page. Now it’s time to build the admin area. Creating navigations and vertical menus 3 In the previous chapter. This chapter goes in-depth on how to use Bulma’s navigation and menu components.
  tagline. You want this visible at all times across all devices. just add the logo logo. you’ll want to display the logo of the company. you can use Bulma with component classes. which will act as a home link • Navigation’s mobile burger icon • Company’s tagline • User’s name • Dropdown menu with a few items: link to the user profile. As you’ve probably guessed by now. <div class="navbar-brand"> <a class="navbar-item"> <img src="images/logo. You will use it to display a few elements: • Company’s logo. CHAPTER 3: Creating navigations and vertical menus Creating the navigation bar Bulma comes with a flexible responsive navbar.png"> </a> </div> 36 .User name. and a link to sign out <nav class="navbar has-shadow"> <div class="navbar-brand"> <!-. There’s no need to write any custom CSS. For now. a button to report a bug. which is used to toggle the navbar-menu.png and the tagline. It also holds the Bulma navbar-burger. and navbar-burger --> </div> <div class="navbar-menu"> <!-. The navbar-brand lives on the left side of the navbar. It’s always visible and can con- tain any number of navbar-item(s).Logo. dropdown menu --> </div> </nav> The navigation’s branding In the navigation bar.
  it can be displayed by adding the is-active modifier.png"> </a> <div class="navbar-burger"> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> </div> </div> Now that the left part of the navbar brand is done. This part is visible when toggling the navbar-burger. If you try clicking on this now. within the navbar: 37 . Add this code after the navbar-brand. The navbar menu itself is split into two parts: • navbar-start: On the left (next to the navbar-brand) • navbar-end: On the right The left side is a good location for a tagline. the navbar-menu is always visible. add the navbar-burger component class. create three <span> tags. since Bulma makes sure that any <img> element residing in the navbar-brand will fit. Let’s add the navbar-burger. The navbar-menu is hidden by default. and fills up the remain- ing space left next to the navbar-brand. Each <span> tag will be a single line in the hamburger icon. Creating the navigation bar You don’t need to specify the image dimensions. On the desktop and above. This adds the styles needed to render a hamburger icon. however. A navigation bar isn’t very useful without any links or a way to access links. The navigation’s menu Bulma’s navbar-menu contains all of the other parts of your navbar. which is only displayed until the desktop breakpoint is reached (1024px): <div class="navbar-brand"> <a class="navbar-item"> <img src="images/logo. it won’t animate or do anything. To do this. To handle this. you can implement the right part.
  which will hold your dropdown menu. Since “Alex Johnson” is a link in the navigation. The Navigation’s dropdown menu Within the navbar-menu. This modifier hides the nested navbar-dropdown element unless hovered on. “Alex Johnson. You can append the has-dropdown modifier. In this case. CHAPTER 3: Creating navigations and vertical menus <div class="navbar-menu"> <div class="navbar-start"> <div class="navbar-item"> <small>Publishing at the speed of technology</small> </div> </div> </div> If you resize your browser. also displays a dropdown menu nested within it. you’ll notice that the tagline will only show up after you reach 1024px in viewport width. the navigation link is going to be the user. as a sibling of navbar-start. as mentioned before. <div class="navbar-end"> <div class="navbar-item has-dropdown"> <div class="navbar-link"> Alex Johnson </div> <div class="navbar-dropdown"> Dropdown content </div> </div> </div> 38 . you can now add the navbar- end. This item. should contain a dropdown menu when clicking on the navigation link. <div class="navbar-end"> </div> The navbar-end.” You’ll want a dropdown menu to appear when hovering over the user’s name. Bulma’s navbar-item class is a perfect fit for this because it “defines” an item in the navbar.
  Hides the nested navbar-dropdown element. • navbar-link: This will always be visible. • navbar-dropdown: Is the dropdown menu container. and will act as the dropdown trigger. Creating the navigation bar • has-dropdown: Modifier to the navbar-item. For simplicity sake. Simply add the is- hoverable modifier to the navbar-item: <div class="navbar-item has-dropdown is-hoverable"> Hover over the “Alex Johnson” navbar-item to see the dropdown appear. Remove the text “Dropdown content” and add this content in it’s place: <div class="navbar-dropdown"> <a class="navbar-item"> <div> <span class="icon is-small"> <i class="fa fa-user-circle-o"></i> </span> Profile </div> </a> <a class="navbar-item"> <div> <span class="icon is-small"> <i class="fa fa-bug"></i> 39 . it’s easier to use the hover state. The navbar-dropdown can also contain navbar-items. each with a small icon. or with a CSS class toggle. You can either display it on hover. The navbar-dropdown is hidden by default. You will need three items.
  The main section All of the admin pages are going to be split in two columns. The left column will contain the sidebar menu that will be common across all pages. CHAPTER 3: Creating navigations and vertical menus </span> Report bug </div> </a> <a class="navbar-item"> <div> <span class="icon is-small"> <i class="fa fa-sign-out"></i> </span> Sign Out </div> </a> </div> You now have a responsive navbar with all of the content required for your administra- tion pages. Following the navbar. while the right column’s content will be specific to the current page. you can use Bulma’s section element to wrap your main con- tent: 40 .
  The sidebar menu
  <section class="section">
  <!-- The main content of the page -->
  </section>
  This provides the main content of the page some space, preventing it from reaching the
  edges of the viewport. You can now define your two-column layout.
  Within this section, add the following:
  <div class="columns">
  <div class="column is-4-tablet is-3-desktop is-2-widescreen">
  <!-- The sidebar -->
  </div>
  <div class="column">
  <!-- The right part, specific to each page -->
  </div>
  </div>
  Just like the login page, the first column will have a different size for each breakpoint.
  And because Bulma columns are automatically resized, the second column will fill up the
  remaining space. With the layout set up, you can now add the sidebar menu in the left col-
  umn.
  The sidebar menu
  Much like the navigation in the previous section, Bulma’s menu component acts in a very
  similar way. There are menu containers, menu-lists, and more.
  Bulma provides a simple menu that can be used for any type of vertical navigation. In
  this case, you define links to navigate between the top-level content types: the dashboard,
  the books, the customers, and the orders.
  This menu will live in the first column and will be to the left of the admin’s user inter-
  face. To create a menu, create a <nav> element with the menu class.
  <nav class="menu">
  </nav>
  You’ll obviously want to add some more content and possibly give it a label. The menu-
  label class can be appended to any HTML element. This class, however, is most common-
  ly used with things like paragraphs and headings.
  Continuing the menu sidebar...
  <nav class="menu">
  <p class="menu-label">
  41
  CHAPTER 3: Creating navigations and vertical menus
  </p>
  </nav>
  You’ll also want a list for your menu. This will contain useful links to the Dashboard,
  Books, Customers, and Orders pages. The menu-list should be an unordered list with list
  items. This is no different than creating a standard navigation bar for a website.
  <ul class="menu-list">
  >
  Your final menu should resemble something close to this:
  <nav class="menu">
  <p class="menu-label">
  </p>
  <ul class="menu-list">
  42
  The sidebar menu
  >
  </nav>
  This will populate the left column with a vertical menu that will take up about one
  fourth of the page’s width.
  43
  Summary This template has all of the common parts for the site so far (the navbar and the section with the sidebar menu). Next.html file. 44 . CHAPTER 3: Creating navigations and vertical menus Since this is the books. make sure to add the is-active modifier class on the appropriate menu item. you will focus on the Books’ specific content.
  like eCommerce websites. The user interface will follow the CRUD (Create Read Update Delete) pattern. lists. you will learn how to easily create responsive grids with Bulma. At this point. you already have your Bulma menu created in the left column. let’s begin by creating the meat of the body. Bulma’s ti- tle class will make the text larger and bolder. Note: To see the full code of the example used in this book take a look at the book’s accompanying GitHub page. It’s time to create a responsive grid that is the body of the right column.html template. and learn how to create pagination with Bulma. You will also learn how to add Bulma components to your user interface for common things like boxes. the right column of the page will contain: • Title • Horizontal toolbar • List of book items • Pagination component The toolbar In the second column of the layout (the one with column only). This same patten will be ap- plied and repeated for the three content pages (books. and orders). You’ll want to first add a <h1> and give it a class of title. customers. you need the following UI components: • A list to view all items • An empty form to create an item • A populated form to update an item previously created • A button to delete an item For the books. Creating responsive grids with common components 4 In this chapter. For each type of con- tent. and media groups. 45 . This is all useful for creating large scale websites.
  Bulma’s level follows a simple structure: <nav class="level"> <div class="level-left"> <div class="level-item"> </div> </div> <div class="level-left"> <div class="level-item"> </div> </div> </div><!-. • select: Much like control is used for inputs. Gives similar styles of a <h5>. You should refrain from using the navbar classes in this case since your options are to primarily use a naviga- tion bar. you should be familiar with navbar and by extension levels.level --> Creating the toolbar At this point. Your final HTML for the level bar should resemble something like this: <h1 class="title">Books</h1> <nav class="level"> <div class="level-left"> <div class="level-item"> <p class="subtitle is-5"> <strong>6</strong> books 46 . Has a different weight than title. a few modifier classes that this book hasn’t gone over yet. • subtitle: A subtitle. To keep certain components inline with each other on the same level you should use the level component class. • is-success: A modifier that gives the element the “success” color. “suc- cess” modifiers are green. Similarities between navbar and level The level component acts very much like the navbar and its items. By default. select is used on <select> tags for consistent styling. CHAPTER 4: Creating responsive grids with common components The toolbar is going to be horizontal and provides some extra options for users. There are. • is-5: A modifier for titles. • is-hidden-tablet-only: Hides an element of tablet devices only. however.
  The toolbar
  </p>
  </div>
  <p class="level-item">
  <a class="button is-success" href="new-book.html">New</a>
  </p>
  <div class="level-item is-hidden-tablet-only">
  <div class="field has-addons">
  <p class="control">
  <input class="input" type="text" placeholder="Book name, ISBN…">
  </p>
  <p class="control">
  <button class="button">
  Search
  </button>
  </p>
  </div>
  </div>
  </div>
  <div class="level-right">
  <div class="level-item">
  Order by
  </div>
  <div class="level-item">
  <div class="select">
  <option>Publish date</option>
  <option>Price</option>
  <option>Page count</option>
  </div>
  </div>
  </div>
  </nav>
  This adds a bold “Books” title, and a horizontal toolbar with several elements:
  • Book count
  • Green “New” button, that links to the page to create a new book
  • Search box
  • Sorting dropdown
  47
  CHAPTER 4: Creating responsive grids with common components
  Note: To prevent the toolbar from overflowing, the search box is hidden on tablets only.
  Thanks to the level class, all of the elements are vertically aligned and evenly spaced.
  The books grid
  To display all of the books sold by the publisher, you will define a two-dimensional grid of
  six book items. Each item will consist of:
  • The book cover
  • The name
  • The price
  • A list of meta data (number of pages, ISBN...)
  • Links to edit and delete the book
  To create the grid of the six books, you’ll need to first create your standard columns row
  and give it six <div>s with the column class. Add an image as a placeholder for the book
  item:
  <div class="columns">
  >
  48
  The book item
  Refresh this page in your browser of choice. At this point, you should see six book covers
  evenly spaced out in a single columns row. However, they are much too small and should
  probably be larger. Use modifiers to modify these columns to be different sizes on different
  devices.
  To optimize the space, the number of columns will vary according to the viewport width:
  • On mobile and tablet, there will be only 1 column
  • On desktop, you will have 2 columns
  • On widescreen, you will have 3 columns
  <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-desktop is-4-widescreen">
  <img src="images/tensorflow.jpg" width="80">
  </div>
  If you refresh your browser window now, you’ll notice something very odd. Each of
  these book covers are the correct size depending on which device you’re on, but...they’re
  not “wrapping” to the next line as you might expect. That is because having a columns row
  will always automatically adjust the column width as seen before. Their modifier classes,
  however, are directly overriding and modifying the column width. Fortunately, there’s a
  Bulma class that fixes this, so there’s no need to create custom CSS.
  That modifier class is is-multiline. Forgetting this class can be a common mistake
  that developers make when using Bulma for the first time. Please note that if you directly
  modify the width of a column and want them to wrap, you need the is-multiline class.
  The book item
  The Bulma box comes with a border and a shadow, which allows it to be visually distinct
  and separated. This is for a list of repeated items.
  <article class="box">
  <div class="media">
  <aside class="media-left">
  <img src="images/tensorflow.jpg" width="80">
  </aside>
  <div class="media-content">
  <p class="title is-5 is-spaced is-marginless">
  <a href="edit-book.html">
  TensorFlow For Machine Intelligence
  </a>
  </p>
  <p class="subtitle is-marginless">
  $22.99
  </p>
  49
  50 . while the content class is Bulma’s default basic container for any longer piece of text. • is-marginless: Removes any margin. One of these classes is media. with nested content like book information or comments on a blog post. CHAPTER 4: Creating responsive grids with common components <div class="content is-small"> 270 pages <br> ISBN: 9781939902351 <br> <a href="edit-book. • media-left: Much like. navbar-left. but extremely useful UI pattern: it allows you to combine a small media element (like an image or an icon) with a larger bit of content side- by-side. which is repeatable. The title/subtitle combination emphasizes the book’s most important information (name and price). this is used for the left side of the media component. and optimizes the space.html">Edit</a> <span>·</span> <a>Delete</a> </p> </div> </div> </article> You’ll notice that this HTML snippet contains a few more classes that this book hasn’t gone over yet. • media-content: A wrapper for all the media’s content. repeatable content. • media: Wrapper for nested. By juxtaposing the book cover with its description. • content: Used for any textual content. the book item is visually bal- anced. The media component is a very simple.
  js Edge” -> gulp.jpg • “Developing a Gulp.jpg • “Deconstructing Google Cardboard Apps” -> google-cardboard.jpg • “Learning Swift” -> swift. The book item Tip: For the image to appear. Add the five other books and their respective images: • “Docker in Production” -> docker. 51 . make sure to have the images folder alongside your books. resize your browser to see how the layout goes from one column to two and then three.jpg Now that you have six items in your grid.html file.jpg • “Choosing a JavaScript Framework” -> js-framework.
  CHAPTER 4: Creating responsive grids with common components Pagination Because the number of books is dynamic.</span> </li> <li> <a class="pagination-link">45</a> </li> <li> <a class="pagination-link is-current">46</a> </li> <li> <a class="pagination-link">47</a> </li> <li> <span class="pagination-ellipsis">&hellip. • pagination-link: Each link in our pagination. • pagination-ellipsis: Adds ellipsis for range separation. To prepare for that case. it is highly probable that you will end up with more than six books (or twelve if you decide to show twelve books per page). • is-current: Highlights the current page. which allows us to jump to different pages. which will allow your interface to handle any number of books.</span> </li> <li> <a class="pagination-link">86</a> </li> </ul> </nav> • pagination: Wrapper for pagination. • pagination-previous and pagination-next: Used for incremental navigation. After the columns is-multiline element. 52 . add this snippet: <nav class="pagination"> <a class="pagination-previous">Previous</a> <a class="pagination-next">Next page</a> <ul class="pagination-list"> <li> <a class="pagination-link">1</a> </li> <li> <span class="pagination-ellipsis">&hellip. you can use Bulma’s responsive pagination component.
  let’s focus on the pages that will handle a single book. Next. Summary Depending on the number of pages required by your UI. you can: • Add or remove pagination-ellipsis elements • Enable or disable the “Previous” and “Next” buttons by adding the disabled at- tribute Summary You have now completed the page that displays the list of books. 53 .
  .
  html.html page is reached by clicking on the green “New” button on books. you can display a Bulma breadcrumb: <nav class="breadcrumb"> <ul> <li> <a href="books. and allow them to navigate back • A form. To highlight this hierar- chy to the user. and can thus be considered a subpage of the latter.html). level. New book detail template The new book detail template is comprised of two components: • A breadcrumb. Creating breadcrumbs and file upload fields 5 Continuing with what you’ve learned so far. and to edit an existing one (edit-book. to allow the user to input a book’s information Breadcrumb The new-book. There are two cases where a single book template will be used: to create a new book (new-book. and remove everything in the right column (title. since the delete action is simply a link in the list of books. let’s create breadcrumbs and fields. This chap- ter is also going to build off of the previous chapters by creating the single book detail pa- ges. columns is-multiline.html). rename it to new-book.html">Books</a> 55 . and pagination). Duplicate the books. so only the navbar and the left sidebar menu remain. to both tell the user where they are.html. Note: To see the full code of the example used in this book take a look at the book’s accompanying GitHub page.html file.
  create the form and add the first field: <form> <div class="field"> <div class="field"> <label class="label">Title</label> <div class="control"> <input class="input is-large" type="text" placeholder="e. The book form Each book will have the following fields: • title • price • page count • ISBN • cover image Like the login page. Design- ing with Bulma" required> </div> </div> </div> </form> 56 .html">New book</a> </li> </ul> </nav> The active item is black and not clickable. CHAPTER 5: Creating breadcrumbs and file upload fields </li> <li class="is-active"> <a href="new-book. the creation of a new book requires an HTML <form> that will use the following Bulma elements: • label • text input • textarea • file upload • buttons Right after the breadcrumb. since it’s the current page.g.
  after the first field. the modifier is-desktop is used to show the columns row only on desktop devices. New book detail template Since the title is the most important information of a book. it uses a large input. The following three fields are for the price.g. the page count. Within the form. 57 . 22. 9781939902351" re- quired> </div> </div> </div> For this columns row. since it’s a creation form.g. and the ISBN. Since these all hold relatively short values. 270" required> </div> </div> <div class="column"> <label class="label">ISBN</label> <div class="control"> <input class="input" type="text" placeholder="e. This input holds no value. thanks to the modifier class is-large. add the following: <div class="columns is-desktop"> <div class="column"> <label class="label">Price</label> <div class="control has-icons-left"> <input class="input" type="number" placeholder="e. and is required. they can be displayed as three columns on the desktop.99" required> <span class="icon is-small is-left"> <i class="fa fa-dollar"></i> </span> </div> </div> <div class="column"> <label class="label">Pages</label> <div class="control"> <input class="input" type="number" placeholder="e.g. This will hide the row on mobile and tablet sizes.
  the control has a has-icons-left modifier. Bulma provides a file input. and con- tains an additional Bulma icon. CHAPTER 5: Creating breadcrumbs and file upload fields To specify the price currency. • file-input: The native file input. • file-label: The actual interactive and clickable part of the element. For the cover image. add another field: <div class="field"> <label class="label">Cover image</label> <div class="control"> <div class="file has-name"> <label class="file-label"> <input class="file-input" type="file"> <span class="file-cta"> <span class="file-icon"> <i class="fa fa-upload"></i> </span> <span class="file-label"> Choose a file… </span> </span> <span class="file-name"> No file chosen </span> </label> </div> </div> </div> • field: Used on form fields to keep spacing consistent. that holds an icon. which wraps the fa-dollar Font Awesome icon. This is the container. and an op- tional file name. 58 . • file-name: Container for the chosen file name. • file: An interactive wrapper of a file input. • file-cta: The upload call-to-action. a label. After the columns. • file-icon: Optional upload icon. hidden for styling purposes.
  Bulma provides a button class that allows you to easily display a list of buttons: <div class="field"> <div class="buttons"> <button class="button is-medium is-success">Create book</button> <button class="button is-medium is-light">Cancel</button> </div> </div> Edit the book template The page to edit a book is almost identical to the one where you create a book. but hasn’t uploaded it yet. The only differences are: • The breadcrumb says “Edit book” • All of the HTML value attributes are already populated • The cover image is displayed • The green button label says “Save changes” instead of “Create book” As a result.html">Books</a> </li> 59 . Edit the book template The file-name element can be updated when the user chooses a file from their com- puter.html file. and apply a few changes. Lastly. change “New book” to “Edit book”: <nav class="breadcrumb"> <ul> <li> <a href="books.html. rename it to edit- book. you can simply duplicate the new-book. and one to cancel the creation. In the breadcrumb. the form needs a couple of buttons: one to create the book (if all fields are popu- lated).
  it has to be displayed. 270" value="270" re- quired> <input class="input" type="text" placeholder="e.g. CHAPTER 5: Creating breadcrumbs and file upload fields <li class="is-active"> <a href="edit-book.g. Find each input.g. and add a val- ue: <input class="input" type="number" placeholder="e. and the file input con- trol: <div class="field"> <label class="label">Cover image</label> <div class="control"> <img src="images/tensorflow.g. 22.99" re- quired> <input class="input" type="number" placeholder="e.html">Edit book</a> </li> </ul> </nav> The first input’s value attribute should hold a book title: <input class="input is-large" type="text" placeholder="e. Designing with Bulma" value="TensorFlow For Machine Intelligence" required> The following three inputs should have a value as well.jpg"> 60 . You can simply use another control between the “Cover image” label.99" value="22. 9781939902351" val- ue="9781939902351" required> Since a cover image has already been uploaded at this point.
  --> This UI prevents the user from deleting the cover image without uploading a new one.etc. 61 . Edit the book template </div> <div class="control"> <div class="file has-name"> <!-.
  62 . CHAPTER 5: Creating breadcrumbs and file upload fields Summary The Book templates are done! You can now focus on the Customers content type.
  This chapter will highlight tables. and perform a few small changes: • Move the is-active class in the sidebar menu from “Books” to “Customers” • Rename the title from “Books” to “Customers” • Remove the grid of book items 63 . and the way the list of custom- ers will be displayed: instead of using a grid of boxes. editing/viewing them.html. The list of customers Duplicate books. this one will be continuing the project that you’ve been building. and eventually deleting them. rename it to customers. The functionalities will actual- ly be identical: creating customers. Creating tables and selecting dropdowns 6 Like previous chapters. illustrating how you can easily create tables with the classes provided. After having implemented the three Book templates required for basic CRUD functional- ity. The differences will be in the fields required for a customer.html. you can now focus on the next content type: Customers. the customers will be displayed in a Bulma <table>. Note: To see the full code of the example used in this book take a look at the book’s accompanying GitHub page.
  ” placeholder is now “Name. this page still needs to be updated quite a bit... CHAPTER 6: Creating tables and selecting dropdowns As you can see.” The level-right will now contain toggle elements instead of a dropdown... email. Replace it with the following: <div class="level-right"> <p class="level-item"><strong>All</strong></p> <p class="level-item"><a>With orders</a></p> <p class="level-item"><a>Without orders</a></p> </div> By simply having one <strong> and two <a> elements. Updating the toolbar The toolbar residing in the level component only requires some text replacements: • “6 books” is now “3 customers” • The “New” button target is now new-customer. 64 . ISBN. you have a UI for very basic tog- gle controls.html • The “Book name.
  postcode. city. The list of customers Implementing the table of customers To keep the UI simple. each customer will have: • A name • An email address • An address with street name. add the following: <table class="table is-hoverable is-fullwidth"> <thead> <tr> > <td> <input type="checkbox"> </td> <td> <a href="edit-customer.html"> <strong>John Miller</strong> </a> </td> 65 . and country • A list of orders Since there is no image to display. Between the level and the pagination. let’s use a Bulma <table> here to have a higher den- sity of information.
  The table uses two modifiers classes: • is-hoverable: highlights the whole row when hovered • is-fullwidth: forces the table to use the whole width available The cell containing the checkbox is using the is-narrow Bulma modifier to make sure it only uses the minimum width required. You can now focus on the single customer templates. Add two other rows.com</code></td> <td>United States</td> <td> <a href="customer-orders. email addresses.html">Edit</a> <a class="button is-small">Delete</a> </div> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Note: Since the address can be very long. The customers template is ready. CHAPTER 6: Creating tables and selecting dropdowns <td><code>johnmiller@gmail. 66 . and a number of or- ders. This checkbox is often seen in tables for bulk edit functionalities.html">2</a> </td> <td> <div class="buttons"> <a class="button is-small" href="edit-customer. the country is sufficient for the list view. with other names. countries.
  Duplicate the new-book. In the side- bar menu. except the first large input.html file. and the last set of buttons. alexjohn- son@gmail. In the right column’s bread- crumb. New customer template New customer template The new customer template has the same structure as the new book one: a breadcrumb and a list of form fields. <div class="field"> <div class="field"> <label class="label">Full name</label> <div class="control"> <input class="input is-large" type="text" placeholder="e. with an envelope icon.html. move the is-active class to the “Customers” item.g. and rename it to new-customer.” You can now focus on the <form>. Alex Smith" required> </div> </div> </div> The second field is an email one. Remove all fields. The first field can simply be repurposed by changing the label and placeholder.g. <div class="field"> <label class="label">Email</label> <div class="control has-icons-left"> <input class="input" type="email" placeholder="e.com" required> 67 . change any instance of “book” to “customer.
  <div class="columns is-multiline"> <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-tablet is-4-desktop"> <label class="label">Postcode / Zipcode</label> <div class="control"> <input class="input" type="text" placeholder="e.g. Only the first line is required. CHAPTER 6: Creating tables and selecting dropdowns <span class="icon is-small is-left"> <i class="fa fa-envelope"></i> </span> </div> </div> The third and fourth fields are for the customer’s address. 67202" required> </div> </div> 68 . save space by using a set of Bulma col- umns. <div class="field"> <label class="label">Address</label> <div class="control"> <input class="input" type="text" placeholder="Number and street name" re- quired> </div> </div> <div class="field"> <div class="control"> <input class="input" type="text" placeholder="Second address line (op- tional)"> </div> </div> For the postcode/city/country combination. Note how the second line doesn’t require a label.
  Choose a country --</option> <option>Canada</option> <option>United Kingdom</option> <option>United States</option> </select> </div> </div> </div> </div> The last set of buttons only needs to be renamed. New customer template <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-tablet is-4-desktop"> <label class="label">City</label> <div class="control"> <input class="input" type="text" placeholder="e. <div class="field"> <div class="buttons"> <button class="button is-medium is-success">Create customer</button> <button class="button is-medium is-light">Cancel</button> </div> </div> The whole page is ready: 69 .g. San Francisco" re- quired> </div> </div> <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-tablet is-4-desktop"> <label class="label">Country</label> <div class="control"> <div class="select"> <select> <option>-.
  the “Edit customer” is simply the “New customer” template.html. that can be re-used for the “Edit customer” template. and apply a few changes: • Put “Edit customer” in the breadcrumb • Add a value for each required field • Choose a country • Rename the green button to “Save changes” 70 . but populated with values.html file.html template. Edit customer template As with the edit-book. Duplicate the new-customer. CHAPTER 6: Creating tables and selecting dropdowns You now have a “Create customer” form. rename it to edit-customer.
  Choose a country --</option> <option>Canada</option> <option>United Kingdom</option> <option selected>United States</option> </select> Summary You have now learned how to make basic tables. 71 . Summary For the country selection. simply add the selected HTML attribute: <select> <option>-. and in the next chapter you will learn how to make more advanced tables.
  .
  Note: To see the full code of the example used in this book take a look at the book’s accompanying GitHub page. you can use a similar table to the customers table. or “Failed” • A total cost List of orders To display the list of orders. one of “In progress”. if you’ve followed along. and perform a few changes: • Move the is-active class in the sidebar menu • Change the title to “Orders” • Write “2 orders” instead of “3 customers” • Remove the “New” button • Change the search placeholder to “Order #. Creating more tables and selecting dropdowns 7 This chapter is going to continue using tables in dropdowns.. however. Each Order will have: • An id number • An associated customer • A date • A list of books • A status.. a few more things to do. Duplicate customers. rename it orders.” 73 .html. “Successful”. The Order content type connects a Customer to one or multiple Books. customer. There are. At this point. with a focus on more ad- vanced cases. you have created the majority of the application.html.
  html">John Miller</a> </td> 74 . CHAPTER 7: Creating more tables and selecting dropdowns The green “New” button is removed because the UI assumes that an order is automati- cally created when a customer purchases a book on the publisher’s website. The table only requires new columns: • order # • customer • date • number of books • status • total cost > <td> <a href="edit-order.html"><strong>787352</strong></a> </td> <td> <a href="edit-customer.
  17:38</td> <td>2</td> <td> <span class="tag is-warning">In progress</span> </td> <td class="has-text-right">$56. The order status uses a Bulma tag.98</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> • has-text-right: Aligns the text in the element to the right. Renders a small colored element to help relay informa- tion. • tag: A Bulma component. In this case. with different data. Your template is now complete. the default yellow color. 75 . List of orders <td>Nov 18. • is-warning: A modifier used to assign the “warning” color. Each status can have its own modifier: • In progress -> is-warning • Successful -> is-success • Failed -> is-danger Add another order.
  rename it to edit-order.html.html. Each order comes with a unique auto-generated id that can be displayed as the main title. and remove everything in the right hand column. <nav class="breadcrumb"> <ul> <li> <a href="orders.html">Orders</a> </li> <li class="is-active"> <a>Edit order</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <h1 class="subtitle is-3"> <span class="has-text-grey-light">Order</span> <strong>787352</strong> </h1> 76 . just below the breadcrumb. CHAPTER 7: Creating more tables and selecting dropdowns Edit Order Duplicate orders.
  Right column. for order information and customer --> </div> <div class="column"> <!-. 17:38 </p> <p class="heading"> <strong>Status</strong> </p> <div class="buttons"> <button class="button is-small is-warning">In progress</button> <button class="button is-small is-success is-outlined">Successful</button> <button class="button is-small is-danger is-outlined">Failed</button> </div> <p class="heading"> <strong>Customer</strong> </p> <p class="content"> <strong> <a href="edit-customer.com</code> <br> 55 Long Bridge road <br> 78170 Los Angeles <br> 77 . add this code: <p class="heading"> <strong>Date</strong> </p> <p class="content"> Nov 18.Left column. for the list of books --> </div> </div> Order information Most of the information displayed here is read-only. add this snippet: <div class="columns is-desktop"> <div class="column is-4-desktop is-3-widescreen"> <!-.html">John Miller</a> </strong> <br> <code>johnmiller@gmail. the logical way to display this re- lationship is with two columns. The only changeable element is the order status. Following the subtitle. Edit Order Since an order connects a customer to a list of books. In the left column.
  In the right column.html) was a grid of boxes. while the third one is selected. a Bulma table is the best UI choice here. in case the user has to update the customer’s address. The customer’s name has a link to its editing page. while viewing the order. where the is-outlined items are inactive. for example. this list of books chosen by the customer doesn’t need to be as detailed. CHAPTER 7: Creating more tables and selecting dropdowns United States </p> The three buttons act as a mutually exclusive list. List of books While the previous list of books (in books. since this list is editable. add this snippet: <p class="heading"> <strong>Books</strong> </p> <table class="table is-bordered is-fullwidth"> <thead> <tr> <th class="is-narrow">Cover</th> <th>Title</th> 78 . As a matter of fact.
  jpg" width="40"> </td> <td> <a href="edit-book.98</th> </tr> </tfoot> <tbody> <tr> <td> <img src="images/tensorflow. Edit Order <th class="has-text-right is-narrow">Price</th> <th class="has-text-right is-narrow">Amount</th> <th class="has-text-right is-narrow">Total</th> </tr> </thead> <tfoot> <tr> <th colspan="5" class="has-text-right">$42.html"> <strong> Choosing a JavaScript Framework </strong> </a> </td> <td class="has-text-right"> $19.99 </td> <td class="has-text-right"> <input class="input is-small" type="number" value="1" maxlength="2" max="2"> 79 .99 </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <img src="images/js-framework.99 </td> <td class="has-text-right"> <input class="input is-small" type="number" value="1" maxlength="2" max="2"> </td> <td class="has-text-right"> $22.jpg" width="40"> </td> <td> <a href="edit-book.html"> <strong> TensorFlow For Machine Intelligence </strong> </a> </td> <td class="has-text-right"> $22.
  Add a small form as the last row in the tbody: <tr> <td colspan="5"> 80 .99 </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Each row is a book purchased by the customer. and the amount is editable. The last row sums up the cost. but the user needs a way to add a book that is not in the list yet. Row Form There are many reasons why an order would need to be altered: • A book ran out of stock • The customer wants the same book twice instead of once • The customer purchased the wrong book and wants to replace it • Another book is added to the order This is why the amount of books is editable. CHAPTER 7: Creating more tables and selecting dropdowns </td> <td class="has-text-right"> $19. It links to the book itself.
  js Edge</option> <option>Learning Swift</option> <option>Choosing a JavaScript Framework</option> <option>Deconstructing Google Cardboard Apps</option> </select> </div> </div> <div class="control"> <input class="input is-small" type="number" value="1" placehold- </div> <div class="control"> <a class="button is-small is-link">Add book</a> </div> </div> </td> </tr> For such a small horizontal form. Summary <div class="field is-grouped is-grouped-right"> <div class="control"> <div class="select is-small"> <select> <option>TensorFlow For Machine Intelligence</option> <option>Docker in Production</option> <option>Developing a Gulp. a Bulma grouped field is used: it combines multiple control elements on a single line. Summary The template is now complete. 81 . thanks to the field is-grouped class combination.
  CHAPTER 7: Creating more tables and selecting dropdowns
  It is time to revisit the top-level template: the Dashboard.
  82
  Creating notifications and cards 8
  At this point, you’ve explored a decent amount of what the Bulma framework has to offer.
  There are a lot of component and modifier classes that you can choose from. We hope you
  can see how you are able to create clean and structured user interfaces without custom CSS
  code. That’s pretty cool. Of course, you can always modify Bulma with your own variables
  or add your own custom styles.
  There are a few aspects of Bulma that this book hasn’t explored yet: notifications
  and cards. Let’s wrap up the application, and in later chapters of the book, you’ll learn
  about using Bulma with Vanilla JavaScript as well as the Angular, Vue, and React frame-
  works.
  Note: To see the full code of the example used in this book take a look at the book’s
  accompanying GitHub page.
  The dashboard is the page the user lands on after logging in. It is usually the last page to
  be designed because it acts as both a summary of and a shortcut to the other pages of the
  admin area. Hence, why building the dashboard is the last step of this chapter; the idea is
  to take content of the other pages, and present them in a succinct way.
  The layout will be a grid of components, each of them related to one or multiple content
  types:
  • The most important metrics
  • A list of the latest orders
  • The most popular books
  • The most loyal customers
  By using standard Bulma components, you can easily build a dashboard with a wide
  range of use cases.
  Title, time range
  The dashboard’s main purpose is to provide a rapid overview within a certain timeframe,
  so that the user can, at a glance, get a grasp of the state of the admin area.
  83
  CHAPTER 8: Creating notifications and cards
  Duplicate books.html and remove everything in the main right column (from the
  “Books” title to the pagination), so only the navbar at the top and the sidebar menu on the
  left remain. Move the is-active class as well:
  In this now empty right column, start with a level component that will combine a title
  and a select dropdown.
  <div class="level">
  <div class="level-left">
  <h1 class="subtitle is-3">
  <span class="has-text-grey-light">Hello</span> <strong>Alex Johnson</
  strong>
  </h1>
  </div>
  <div class="level-right">
  <div class="select">
  <option>Today</option>
  <option>Yesterday</option>
  <option>This Week</option>
  <option selected>This Month</option>
  <option>This Year</option>
  <option>All time</option>
  </div>
  </div>
  </div>
  • has-text-grey-light: A helper class for typography. Assigns the text with a light
  grey color.
  84
  Important metrics The title mentions the user’s name. has a rapid look-around. they are the perfect candidates for high-level metrics.678</p> <p class="subtitle is-4">Visitors</p> </div> </div> <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-desktop is-3-widescreen"> <div class="notification is-success has-text"> <p class="title is-1">20. which acts as a confirmation after the user has log- ged in. The right part has a select dropdown that allows the user to change the timeframe of the dashboard they are viewing (similarly to most analytics dashboard). add these columns: <div class="columns is-multiline"> <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-desktop is-3-widescreen"> <div class="notification is-link has-text"> <p class="title is-1">232</p> <p class="subtitle is-4">Orders</p> </div> </div> <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-desktop is-3-widescreen"> <div class="notification is-info has-text"> <p class="title is-1">$7. and navigates to the part that caught their attention. That is why the UI should provide information al- most instantly. Combined with titles with a bigger font size.648</p> <p class="subtitle is-4">Revenue</p> </div> </div> <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-desktop is-3-widescreen"> <div class="notification is-primary has-text"> <p class="title is-1">1. After the level component.756</p> <p class="subtitle is-4">Pageviews</p> </div> </div> </div> 85 . Important metrics The dashboard is a transient page: the user sees it. Bulma provides notification elements that come in various colors.
  but still within the <div class="columns is-multiline">. Right after the last <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-desktop is-3- widescreen">. you can sim- ply append more column items at the end.html">John Miller</a> </small> </div> </div> 86 . Because the columns implemented for the high-level metrics are multiline. two on desktop. and four on widescreen. since they come from the website.html">787352</a> </p> <small> Nov 18. be- fore navigating to the “Orders” page. 17:38 by <a href="edit-customer. Latest orders The orders is the content type that is most likely to be frequently populated. That is why it makes sense to show its latest state right away. CHAPTER 8: Creating notifications and cards The columns are multiline so you can have one column on mobile and tablet. add this new column: <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-desktop is-4-fullhd"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-content"> <h2 class="title is-4"> Latest orders </h2> <div class="level"> <div class="level-left"> <div> <p class="title is-5 is-marginless"> <a href="edit-order.
  with different data: 87 . and push the total and status to the right.98 </p> <span class="tag is-warning">In progress</span> </div> </div> </div> <a class="button is-link is-outlined" href="orders. Latest orders <div class="level-right"> <div class="has-text-right"> <p class="title is-5 is-marginless"> $56. and customer on the left.html">View all or- ders</a> </div> </div> </div> The level component here allows you to save vertical space by displaying the order id. Between the first level and the “View all orders” button. add a couple of other orders in this list. date.
  image here --> <div> <div class="card-content"> <!-. Usually. Cards are very common and are especially common with eCommerce websites. but use a media component in- stead of a level one: 88 .content here --> <div> </div> For this example. The list of the most popular books is one such item. Basic structure of a card <div class="card"> <div class="card-image"> <!-. However. Let’s move on. like an image or a video. let’s create some cards with our in-progress book applica- tion. you’ll be using Bulma’s media component for the card’s content. CHAPTER 8: Creating notifications and cards Most popular books with cards In this section you’ll be creating cards. Cards are a Bulma component that are great at con- veying information in a smaller amount of space. The dashboard should contain items that are likely to change over time. You can reuse the same layout as the previous column. cards have visual elements with them.
  html">View all books</a> </div> </div> </div> 89 . Most popular books with cards <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-desktop is-4-fullhd"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-content"> <h2 class="title is-4"> Most popular books </h2> <div class="media"> <div class="media-left is-marginless"> <p class="number">1</p> </div> <div class="media-left"> <img src="images/swift.html">Learning Swift</a> </p> </div> <div class="media-right"> 146 sold </div> </div> <a class="button is-link is-outlined" href="books.jpg" width="40"> </div> <div class="media-content"> <p class="title is-5 is-spaced is-marginless"> <a href="edit-book.
  CHAPTER 8: Creating notifications and cards Two media-left elements are used here. add the following: <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-desktop is-4-fullhd"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-content"> <h2 class="title is-4"> Most loyal customers </h2> 90 . you can provide an overview of the last content type: customers. Right after the previous column. which allows the UI to place multiple narrow elements side-by-side (the ranking and the cover image). Now add a second and third book to the list: Most loyal customers For the final column.
  Defaults to a blue color. but with different data. The Bulma media component is versatile enough to be re-used here. Most loyal customers <div class="media"> <div class="media-left is-marginless"> <p class="number">1</p> </div> <div class="media-content"> <p class="title is-5 is-spaced is-marginless"> <a href="edit-customer. 91 . Much like is-primary. • is-outlined: Removed the background color of the button. Adds base styles for buttons.html">View all customers</a> </div> </div> </div> • button: Bulma component.html">John Miller</a> </p> <p class="subtitle is-6"> United States </p> </div> <div class="media-right"> 7 orders </div> </div> <a class="button is-link is-outlined" href="customers. • is-link: Modifier class for buttons. Adds a colored border and colored text based on the other modifier. and with one fewer media-left.
  CHAPTER 8: Creating notifications and cards Add the second and third most loyal customers to the list: The dashboard is now complete! Play with the content. change the modifier clases. 92 . and add more columns.
  they like to customize their Bulma setup by providing their own colors and modifying the initial variables. notification..) Most Bulma users like to combine all of these parts in a plethora of different ways. menu. But most importantly.. card. Summary Summary As you have seen in the building of this admin area. Bulma components come in various forms: • Layout utilities (section. columns. media.) • Helper classes (has-text-grey-light... is-hidden-tablet-only.. input.) • Single elements (box. level. pagination. to build the UI their website needs.. In the next chapter we will focus on using Bulma with Vanilla JavaScript. button. 93 .) • Multipart components (navbar...
  .
  you need the following components: • A Button element • Bulma’s Modal component • Bulma’s Notification element Note: To see the full code of the example used in this book take a look at the book’s accompanying GitHub page. For our example you need a button with data-target pointing to the id of the modal. this chapter will be covering the follow- ing components that are used in the admin template: • Report a Bug Modal • Mobile Menu Toggle • Notifications • Dropdowns • Delete a book • Delete a customer Report a Bug .Modal In order to create the Report a Bug modal. In this chapter. you will learn how to control different components of the admin template using Vanilla JavaScript. however. Using Vanilla Java- script you can add and remove the is-active class using the classList property.trigger button markup --> <button class="button is-white open-modal-button" data- <span class="icon"> <i class="fa fa-bug"></i> 95 . <!-. target- ing the unique modal component id on the button click. In Bulma. If you’ve been following along. modals can be shown and hidden using the is-active class.Using Bulma with Vanilla JavaScript 9 Bulma does not come with any JavaScript implementation out of the box.
  Close Button --> <button class="delete close-modal-button" aria-</ button> </header> <section class="modal-card-body"> <!-. <!-. <!-. <button class="delete close-modal-button" aria-</button> Lets combine all of the different pieces of the Modal component. </div> <textarea class="textarea" placeholder="Let us know what prob- lems you faced.modal markup --> <div class="modal" id="report-a-bug"> <div class="modal-background"></div> <div class="modal-card"> <header class="modal-card-head"> <p class="modal-card-title">Report a Bug</p> <!-. Here is the HTML markup for the close button. In order to close the Modal via JavaScript you have to give the button close-modal-button class."> </textarea> </section> <footer class="modal-card-foot"> <button class="button is-success send-bug-report">Send</button> 96 . </div> In order to close the modal you need to add a button with the delete class. CHAPTER 9: Using Bulma with Vanilla JavaScript </span> <span> Report a bug </span> </button> You can also add a notification element to show success/error notifications on sub- mission. Here is the markup of the notifiction element you will be using inside the Mo- dal. Your bug has been reported. which will become a cross icon. Your bug has been reported.Notification Element --> <div class="notification is-success is-hidden modal-success-notification"> <span class="fa fa-bug"></span> Thank You. which you will use to close the Modal through the JavaScript code.Notification Element --> <div class="notification is-success is-hidden modal-success- notification"> <span class="fa fa-bug"></span> Thank You.
  var modalButtons = document.forEach(closeButton => { closeButton.getElementById(this.add('is-hidden'). This is not just for a single modal.forEach(message => { message. } // Adding event listeners to all the close buttons if (modalClose.addEventListener('click'. // Getting all the modals.addEventListener('click'. }).modal-success- notification'). function() { successMessages.close-modal-button').modal').dataset.remove('is-active').length > 0) { modalButtons. Report a Bug . function() { document. // For Success Message Notification var successMessages = document. }).open-modal-button').Modal <button class="button close-modal-button">Cancel</button> </footer> </div> </div> The JavaScript code for Report a bug modal is next. }). }). function() { modals.classList. var modalClose = document.classList. but it will take care of all modals you want to create throughout the application. You can also add a notification using Bulma’s notification component and show/hide according to your requirements.querySelectorAll('. }).target). close and trigger buttons var modals = document.forEach(modal => { modal.forEach(button => { button.querySelectorAll('.addEventListener('click'. // Adding a event listener to all the trigger buttons if (modalButtons.querySelector('. // hiding success notification on closing the modal successMessages. }).length > 0) { modalClose.querySelectorAll('. } // For Showing the Success Notification var sendBugReport = document.classList.send-bug-report'). if (sendBugReport !== null) { sendBugReport.querySelectorAll('.add('is- active').forEach(message => { 97 .
  Your bug has been reported. }). <div class="notification is-success is-hidden modal-success-notification"> <button class="delete close-notification"></button> <span class="fa fa-bug"></span> Thanks. var menu = document.classList. which has a class of open-modal-button. you can have a notification added to the Report a Bug modal. function() { burger. menu. Mobile menu toggle Bulma changes the navbar into a mobile menu with a burger icon at a specific breakpoint.querySelector('. So.burger'). in order to close the notification. Here is the code you will need to add the functionality: 98 . } Now let’s explain the JavaScript code.toggle('is-active').querySelector('. } ` Notifications Notifications can be used in many places to give users some extra information about the operations they perform. You will create an event listener and toggle the is-active class. For the report a bug modal.navbar-menu') if (burger !== null) { burger.close-notifiction class and re- move the notification. For example. CHAPTER 9: Using Bulma with Vanilla JavaScript message. var burger = document. }). In order to make it workable you need to add some JavaScript code. Once the Modal is open we are then closing the Modal using the close-modal-button class. you can click on the close icon inside the notification.toggle('is-active'). we are adding even- tListener to the trigger button. To remove the notification you can create an event listener on the close icon using the . }).classList. You also have to toggle the burger ele- ment’s class to is-active to change the burger icon to close the icon. </div> The notification shows up when you click send.classList.remove('is-hidden').addEventListener('click'.
  The code next will make every dropdown item without the is-hoverable class active on click.addEventListener('click'.classList.stopPropagation().length > 0) { closeNotification. }). dropdown.querySelectorAll('. if (closeNotification.is-hoverable)').close-notification').remove().addEventListener('click'. }).To make any menu open on hover. you have to add the is-hoverable class to the toggle element. } Dropdowns You can have both hoverable dropdowns and clickable dropdowns using Bulma. event => { event.querySelectorAll('. if (dropdowns.forEach(dropdown => { dropdown.forEach(closeIcon => { closeIcon.toggle('is-active'). }).dropdown:not(. var dropdowns = document. }). <div class="dropdown is-hoverable"> <div class="dropdown-trigger"> <button class="button" aria- <span>Hover me</span> <span class="icon is-small"> <i class="fa fa-angle-down" aria-</i> </span> </button> </div> <div class="dropdown-menu" id="dropdown-menu" role="menu"> <div class="dropdown-content"> <div class="dropdown-item"> <p>You can insert <strong>any type of content</strong> within the dropdown menu. Dropdowns var closeNotification = document. 99 . () => { closeIcon.notification').length > 0) { dropdowns.closest('.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> You can also change the functionality from hover to click. To use the click for dropdown you need to create an event listener on the button and toggle the is-active class.
  length > 0) { deleteItem.addEventListener('click'. } Delete a book item from books page You can also delete a book item from the book’s list on the book’s page. }). if (deleteUserButton.column').forEach(button => { button. }).forEach(dropdown => { dropdown.addEventListener('click'. }).remove().closest('tr').querySelectorAll('. CHAPTER 9: Using Bulma with Vanilla JavaScript document. }) } Delete a customer from customer page To delete a customer from the customer list on the customer’s page you can use the code below. }). // for delete an item var deleteItem = document. You have to add an event listener on the delete button. function() { button. } Summary You should now have a basic understanding about how to control different components of the Admin Template in Bulma using Vanilla JavaScript. You need to create an event listener on the delete button with each book and remove the closest column. //for deleting a customer var deleteUserButton = document.length > 0) { deleteUserButton.querySelectorAll('.forEach(button => { button.delete-item'). 100 .remove('is-active'). if (deleteItem. Here is the code you will need to achieve it.closest('.classList.delete-user'). and remove the closest row. function() { button. }).addEventListener('click'. In the next chapter we use Bulma with Angular. event => { dropdowns.remove().
  js Website:. end-to-end tooling. dependency injection. As illustrated in examples of using Bulma with JavaScript. mkdir my-repos cd my-repos 101 . Node. Using Bulma with Angular 10 As you know.js • Angular CLI If you don’t have these installed. Angular combines declarative templates. You simply just need to download Node. Angular is a platform that makes it easy to build applications with the web.js from the official website and follow the installation instruc- tions.org/en/ # Install Angular CLI npm install -g @angular/cli Project preparation Now let’s create a brand new Bulma and Angular project with those step-by-step instruc- tions. • Navigate to your project directory and create a folder. it’s really easy right? Now let’s integrate our Bulma templates with the Angular framework! So. and integrated best practices to solve developmental challenges. This is where Bulma comes in. you need to install the Angular CLI via NPM. But it does not provide you with a rich UI experience. After Node is installed. what do you need? • Knowledge of CLI • Node. Don’t worry though. this chapter will document the commands needed to get your project up and running. This chapter is going to rely on the command line pretty heavily. it’s easy to get up and running with Angular.
  angular-cli. ". customers. you have everything that is needed for such functionality! 102 ...sass". and or- ders lists. "styles. ng new sample-application --style scss --routing cd sample-application • Add Bulma to your Angular application. Angular CLI is going to install of the dependencies needed to get the local environment up and running. ./node_modules/bulma/bulma. but if you want to learn more fea- tures. and then add the books’ catalog..scss The styles section of your . Let’s begin with a dashboard. Is it possible to achieve all of this with Bulma? Sure./node_modules/font-awesome/scss/font-awesome./node_modules/bulma/bulma.json file by adding Bulma and Font Awesome to the styles section. Let’s start the application by running: npm start or ng serve --open Remember. • You’re almost there.json file should resemble this: "styles": [ ".json file. you can customize these commands later on in the package. CHAPTER 10: Using Bulma with Angular • Creating a new application is not too complicated.angular-cli. you can read about them at cli. • Let’s edit the .. npm install bulma --save npm install font-awesome --save Note: This project is also using Font Awesome.scss".angular./node_modules/font-awesome/scss/font-awesome.sass .scss" ].io. Make sure you check out their documen- tation for more information. Application The application that you will be building is a simple book store for a book publishing com- pany.
  let’s create a top menu.component. You will most likely use this same console command frequently in the future.html and fill it in with html markup. navbar-start.png"> </a> <div [ngClass]="{'is-active': active==true}" class="navbar-burger burger" (click)="active=!active"> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> </div> </div> <div [ngClass]="{'is-active': active==true}" class="navbar-menu"> <div class="navbar-start"> <div class="navbar-item"> <small>Publishing at the speed of technology</small> </div> </div> <div class="navbar-end"> <div class="navbar-item has-dropdown is-hoverable"> <div class="navbar-link"> Alex Johnson </div> <div class="navbar-dropdown"> 103 . First. and navbar-end classes will help you do the job. ng g component components/[component-name] Please remember that this is a common way to create any component. It will look like this: What will you need? navbar. or something similar to this: <nav class="navbar has-shadow"> <div class="navbar-brand"> <a class="navbar-item"> <img src="assets/images/logo. Components All you need is to generate the components. This compo- nent will be responsible for navigation throughout the application. navbar-brand. Components Now you can open the app. By combining these classes you should have this markup. navbar-item.
  and menu-label classes. CHAPTER 10: Using Bulma with Angular <a class="navbar-item" (click)="action()"> <div> <span class="icon is-small"> <i class="fa fa-user-circle-o"></i> </span> Profile </div> </a> <a class="navbar-item" (click)="action()"> <div> <span class="icon is-small"> <i class="fa fa-bug"></i> </span> Report bug </div> </a> <a class="navbar-item" (click)="action()"> <div> <span class="icon is-small"> <i class="fa fa-sign-out"></i> </span> Sign Out </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> As for the sidebar. menu-list. it will simply need the menu. <section class="section "> <div class="columns "> <div class="column is-4-tablet is-3-desktop is-2-widescreen"> <nav class="menu"> <p class="menu-label"> Menu </p> <ul class="menu-list"> <li> <a [routerLinkActive]="['is-active']" [router- Link]="['/dashboard']"> <span class="icon"> <i class="fa fa-tachometer"></i> </span> Dashboard </a> </li> <li> <a [routerLinkActive]="['is-active']" [router- Link]="['/books']"> <span class="icon"> 104 .
  module After the component gets generated. You can do it manually or by run- ning a command. Components <i class="fa fa-book"></i> </span> Books </a> </li> <li> <a [routerLinkActive]="['is-active']" [router- Link]="['/customers']"> <span class="icon"> <i class="fa fa-address-book"></i> </span> Customers </a> </li> <li> <a [routerLinkActive]="['is-active']" [router- Link]="['/orders']"> <span class="icon"> <i class="fa fa-file-text-o"></i> </span> Orders </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <main class="column "> <router-outlet></router-outlet> </main> </div> </section> You should replace the content container with <router-outlet></router-outlet>. Remember that you are inserting only the content part of the markup.html and write some custom markup. 105 . To see the full code of the example used in this book see the books accompanying Git- Hub page. It should look something like this: <main class="column "> <router-outlet></router-outlet> </main> Now let’s add a child component to the application. go ahead and open the dashboard. Angular CLI can generate a component for you.compo- nent. the book is going to use the example above. For the sake of this chapter. ng g component components/dashboard -m routing.
  revenue}}</p> <p class="subtitle is-4">Revenue</p> </div> </div> <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-desktop is-3-widescreen"> <div class="notification is-primary has-text"> <p class="title is-1">{{statistics[0].visitors}}</p> <p class="subtitle is-4">Visitors</p> </div> </div> 106 .orders}}</p> <p class="subtitle is-4">Orders</p> </div> </div> <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-desktop is-3-widescreen"> <div class="notification is-info has-text"> <p class="title is-1">${{statistics[0]. CHAPTER 10: Using Bulma with Angular • Content Header <div class="level"> <div class="level-left"> <h1 class="subtitle is-3"> <span class="has-text-grey-light">Hello</span> <strong>Alex Johnson</strong> </h1> </div> <div class="level-right"> <div class="select"> <select [(ngModel)]="filter" (ngModelChange)="onChange($event)"> <option>Today</option> <option>Yesterday</option> <option>This Week</option> <option>This Month</option> <option>This Year</option> <option>All time</option> </select> </div> </div> </div> • The Summary Tiles <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-desktop is-3-widescreen"> <div class="notification is-link has-text"> <p class="title is-1">{{statistics[0].
  status }}</span> <span *{{ order.customer }} </small> </div> </div> <div class="level-right"> <div class="has-text-right"> <p class="title is-5 is-marginless"> ${{ order. let i = index"> <div class="level-left"> <div> <p class="title is-5 is-marginless"> <a [routerLink]="['/orders-edit']" [queryPar- ams]="{id: order.id }">{{ order.status }}</span> <span *View all orders</a> </div> </div> 107 .pageviews}}</p> <p class="subtitle is-4">Pageviews</p> </div> </div> • Content Cards <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-desktop is-4-fullhd"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-content"> <h2 class="title is-4"> Latest orders </h2> <div class="level" *{{ order.date }} by {{ order.status === 'Successful'" class="tag is-success">{{ order.total }} </p> <span * <div class="notification is-success has-text"> <p class="title is-1">{{statistics[0].
  id }">{{book. CHAPTER 10: Using Bulma with Angular </div> <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-desktop is-4-fullhd"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-content"> <h2 class="title is-4"> Most popular books </h2> <div class="media" * <div class="media-left is-marginless"> <p class="number">{{i + 1}}</p> </div> <div class="media-content"> <p class="title is-5 is-spaced is-marginless"> <a [routerLink]="['/customers-edit']" [queryPar- ams]="{id: customer.name }}</a> </p> 108 .image}}" width="40"> </div> <div class="media-content"> <p class="title is-5 is-spaced is-marginless"> <a [routerLink]="['/books-edit']" [queryPar- ams]="{id: book. let i = index"> <div class="media-left is-marginless"> <p class="number">{{i + 1}}</p> </div> <div class="media-left"> <img src="assets/images/{{book.id }">{{ customer.title}}</a> </p> </div> <div class="media-right"> {{ filter }} </div> </div> <a class="button is-link is-outlined" [routerLink]="['/ books']">View all books</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-desktop is-4-fullhd"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-content"> <h2 class="title is-4"> Most loyal customers </h2> <div class="media" *ngFor="let customer of customers.
  component. Components <p class="subtitle is-6"> <td>{{ customer.module Now you can open the orders.number = ''"> 109 .orders }} orders </div> </div> <a class="button is-link is-outlined" [routerLink]="['/cus- tomers']">View all customers</a> </div> </div> </div> Let’s add an Orders component to the application.html and fill it in with some custom HTML markup.country }}</td> </p> </div> <div class="media-right"> {{ customer.number"> </p> <p class="control"> <button class="button" (click)="userFilter. Header <h1 class="title ">Orders</h1> <nav class="level"> <div class="level-left"> <div class="level-item"> <p class="subtitle is-5"> <strong>2</strong> orders </p> </div> <div class="level-item is-hidden-tablet-only"> <div class="field has-addons"> <p class="control"> <input class="input" type="text" placeholder="Order #â €¦" [(ngModel)]="userFilter. Again. There will be three main parts. you can create a component manually or by running a command. 1. ng g component components/orders -m routing.
  id }"><strong>{{ order. CHAPTER 10: Using Bulma with Angular Clear </button> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="level-right"> <p class="level-item" (click)="userFilter. Grid  * <td> <a [routerLink]="['/orders-edit']" [queryParams]="{id: or- der.status = ''"><a><strong>All</strong></a></p> <p class="level-item" (click)="userFilter.status = 'In pro- gress'"><a>In progress</a></p> <p class="level-item" (click)="userFilter.number }}</strong></a> </td> <td> 110 .status = 'Success- ful'"><a>Successful</a></p> <p class="level-item" (click)="userFilter.status = 'Failed'"><a>Failed</a></p> </div> </nav> 1.
  date }}</td> <td>{{ order. 1.total }}</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> 1.customer }}</a> </td> <td>{{ order.status === 'In progress'" class="tag is- warning">{{ order.status }}</span> </td> <td class="has-text-right">${{ order. Components <a [routerLink]="['/customers']">{{ order.module Now you can open the customers.status }}</span> <span *{{> Let’s add a customers component to our application.html and fill it in with some more cus- tom HTML. Header 111 . It will be similar to the previous components. ng g component components/customers -m routing.
  CHAPTER 10: Using Bulma with Angular <h1 class="title ">Customers</h1> <nav class="level"> <div class="level-left"> <div class="level-item"> <p class="subtitle is-5"> <strong>{{ (customers | filterBy: userFilter).name"> </p> <p class="control"> <button class="button" (click)="userFilter.name = ''"> Clear </button> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="level-right"> <p class="level-item" (click)="userFilter.hasOrders = false"> <a>Without orders</a> </p> </div> </nav> 1. Grid <table class="table is-hoverable is-fullwidth"> <thead> <tr> 112 .length }}</ strong> customers </p> </div> <p class="level-item"> <a class="button is-success" (click)="add()">New</a> </p> <div class="level-item is-hidden-tablet-only"> <div class="field has-addons"> <p class="control"> <input class="input" type="text" placeholder="Nameâ€¦" [(ngModel)]="userFilter.hasOrders = true"> <a>With orders</a> </p> <p class="level-item" (click)="userFilter.hasOrders = ''"> <a> <strong>All</strong> </a> </p> <p class="level-item" (click)="userFilter.
  Components  * <td> <input type="checkbox"> </td> <td> <a [routerLink]="['/customers-edit']" [queryParams]="{id: customer.country }}</td> <td> <a [routerLink]="['/orders']">{{ customer.orders }}</a> </td> <td> <div class="buttons"> <a class="button is-small" [routerLink]="['/customers- edit']" [queryParams]="{id: customer.id }"> <strong>{{ customer.id }">Edit</a> <a class="button is-small" (click)="delete()">Delete</a> </div> </td> </tr> 113 .email }}</code> </td> <td>{{ customer.name }}</strong> </a> </td> <td> <code>{{ customer.
  length }}</strong> books </p> </div> <p class="level-item"> <a class="button is-success" (click)="add()">New</a> </p> <div class="level-item is-hidden-tablet-only"> <div class="field has-addons"> <p class="control"> <input class="input" type="text" placeholder="Book ti- 114 .> Continuing on.html and fill it in with HTML markup that you want. 1. let’s create a books component to your application.component. Remember that this code snippet below is only the content part of the markup.module Now you can open the books. CHAPTER 10: Using Bulma with Angular </tbody> </table> 1. ng g component components/books -m routing. Header <h1 class="title ">Books</h1> <nav class="level"> <div class="level-left"> <div class="level-item"> <p class="subtitle is-5"> <strong>{{ (books | filterBy: userFilter).
  title"> </p> <p class="control"> <button class="button" (click)="userFilter. Components tle.pages}} pages <br> ISBN: {{book." [(ngModel)]="userFilter.ISBN}} <br> 115 .price}} </p> <div class="content is-small"> {{book.title = ''"> Clear </button> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="level-right"> <div class="level-item"> Order by </div> <div class="level-item"> <div class="select"> <select [(ngModel)]="order"> <option value="title">Title</option> <option value="price">Price</option> <option value="pages">Page count</option> </select> </div> </div> </div> </nav> 1.image}}" width="80"> </aside> <div class="media-content"> <p class="title is-5 is-spaced is-marginless"> <a [routerLink]="['/books-edit']" [queryPar- ams]="{id: book.title}}</a> </p> <p class="subtitle is-marginless"> ${{book.id }">{{book... Tiles <div class="columns is-multiline"> <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-desktop is-4-widescreen" * <article class="box"> <div class="media"> <aside class="media-left"> <img src="assets/images/{> Summary Now you can run the application. 116 . As you can see it is really easy to use the Bulma frame- work with Angular! I hope you understand why you use Bulma classes with Angular instead of how you use them.id }">Edit</a> <span>Â·</span> <a>Delete</a> <p></p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> 1. The next chapter covers using Bulma with VueJS. CHAPTER 10: Using Bulma with Angular <a [routerLink]="['/books-edit']" [queryPar- ams]="{id: book.
  This is one of many templates that you can choose to download when creating your Vue application with vue-cli. Before you jump into setting everything up. If you need more help with VueJS head over to the VueJS official documentation. Make sure you replace <template> with webpack-single during the vue-cli setup. Routing is essential for every single page application. it’s more about implementing Bulma with your VueJS application. run the following commands: npm install -g vue-cli vue init <template> <project-name> cd <project-name> npm install npm run dev This chapter will be using the webpack-simple template. vue-cli. there are some prerequisites for this chap- ter. Note: There are a total of six different templates to choose from with the CLI. To get started with vue-cli. Installing Vue-CLI In this chapter. Rather. This chapter is also going to make use of Vue-Router to easily handle navigating between “pa- ges” on the dashboard. With it. you can mount a single parent component with its child components based on a URL. In order to have a basic understanding of integrating Bulma with Vue. you need the fol- lowing installed: • Node 117 . which like Bulma’s documentation is very good and is an easy read as far as documenta- tion is concerned. Using Bulma with VueJS 11 In this chapter we implement parts of the admin dashboard from earlier with the progres- sive JavaScript framework VueJS. To find out what they include check out the Vue CLI github repo. you will be using Vue’s command line tool. It’s important to keep in mind that this is not a tutorial on VueJS itself.
  Create a new pages/ directory inside the src/ folder. As mentioned earlier. The directory structure should look similiar to this: • bulma-dashboard [project name folder] ◦ node_modules/ ◦ src/ ■ assets/ ■ App. but if not.vue. Orders. CHAPTER 11: Using Bulma with VueJS • NPM • Vue CLI Setting up the Vue project Let’s start by installing vue-cli with a fresh VueJS project.js Preparing pages Before continuing with implementing vue-router you should set up skeletons for all of your components. Your text editor of choice might be able to create .vue.json ◦ README.vue file should include: <template> </template> <script> export default { name: [ INSERT NAME OF COMPONENT ] } </script> <style> </style> 118 . this chap- ter uses the webpack-simple template with “bulma-dashboard” as the name of the project.vue files already.vue ■ main. and Login.vue. create . Books.vue files for the components: Dashboard. Next. here’s a little snippet for what the every .md ◦ webpack.js ◦ index.config.vue.html ◦ package.
  For example. Your routes object should con- tain an array of components and their names.js file and add it when initializing Vue.. import VueRouter from 'vue-router' • Feed the routes:{} object to the new Router().use(Router). }.vue". inside the new vue() instance..js file. export default new Router({ routes: [ { path: "/". Your router/index. redirect: '/dashboard' }. There are a few different ways of doing this. inside your main. import Vue-Router with components you want to route to./pages/Dashboard. “Books. import /*.(rest of pages) */ 119 . component: Dashboard. Setting up the Vue project Note: If you have a Sass loader installed and configured with Webpack.. import Router from "vue-router". • Inside the file. add vue-router to the project. import Dashboard from ". • Create a file named index. • Install vue-router: npm install vue-router • Create a folder named router/ to the root folder.js inside this new router/ folder. add the lang="sass" attribute to your style tag.(rest of pages) */ Vue.js file should resemble something close to this: import Vue from "vue". • Lastly.” Vue-Router Now. name: "Dashboard". Here is one way of installing it while keeping the code organized. { path: "/dashboard".. /*.. Switch out [ INSERT NAME OF COMPONENT ] for your page name. import the new router index.
  adding it via a <link> tag might suffice. That is it for the simple router./App.cloudflare.js file should resemble something like the following: import Vue from "vue"./router".com/ajax/libs/bulma/0. Option 1: Adding Bulma via a CDN In case you are only testing out Bulma and you know you won’t need any customization. }).vue". There are two main ways that this can be done: Adding it via a CDN with a <link> tag or adding it via NPM. router. <link href=". render: h => h(App). /* other stuff */ new Vue({ el: "#app". The main.6. linkActiveClass: 'is-active' /* change to Bulma's active nav link */ }). let’s add the latest version of Bulmas CSS to the Vue project. CHAPTER 11: Using Bulma with VueJS ].2/css/ bulma.min. import App from ". You should now be able to run the application with the following command: npm run dev Installing Bulma To round off this setup section. In that case. and inside the <head> tag add Bulma via a CDN just like any other stylesheet in a website. open the index.css" rel="stylesheet"> 120 .html file inside your project root. import router from ". but if you wish to learn more check out the Vue-Router docs.
  Adding Bulma via NPM will add the CSS framework and will bundle it in your build.. import '. open up your build/webpack. Then change the import in the main.. BONUS: CREATING AN ALIAS FOR YOUR BULMA DEPENDENCY As stated before./node_modules/bulma/sass/utilities/functions'././router"./node_modules/bulma/bulma'. import the main bulma file. with one caveat. From here. In order to customize any Bulma variables unique to your application.dev... you import Bulma./. you can start importing the initial variables and function files.css'.css file inside your src/assets/ directory. this path needs to be a relative link. alias: { 'bulma': resolve('node_modules/bulma/css/bulma. To create an alias in Webpack./.css']. This is easy and simple. When creating your project with vue-cli you are also installing Webpack with configurations al- ready made./node_modules/bulma/sass/utilities/initial-variables'.scss'. @import '. import router from ". $primary: #ffb3b3. if you import Bulma with NPM./assets/custom.js file to the custom styles file instead. Then add your customizations. and finally. resolve: { extensions: ['./node_modules/bulma/css/bulma. /* changes primary color to pink */ @import '.js and from here.js file and paste the following code above the module object.js INSTALL BULMA THROUGH NPM npm install bulma --save Then open up main./. @import '.css').. 121 . You can easily make this absolute with a Webpack alias. Installing Bulma Option 2: Adding Bulma via NPM (Recommended) This is the recommended way of adding external libraries in single page applications.. you need to create a styles.conf.. import '. However. one way to use it is with an ES6 import statement.
  js ◦ index.js ■ App. import 'bulma'.png ■ pages/ ■ Books. Open your index. you’ll want to use Font-Awesome fonts in the app.min. Make use of Font-Awesome Finally. CHAPTER 11: Using Bulma with VueJS } } This will create the alias. there are several Vue+Bulma packages around the web to install.vue ■ Dashboard.html ◦ package. all with their own pros and cons.vue ■ main.vue ■ Login.vue ■ Customers.cloudflare. Note: As with everything in JavaScript.vue ■ Orders.com/ajax/libs/font- awesome/4.scss ■ logo.7.0/css/font-awesome.html file and add the following to the <head>section.vue ■ router ■ index. so for this you can simply link to Font-Awesome from a CDN.css"> The final folder structure looks something like this: • bulma-dashboard [main project folder] ◦ node_modules/ ◦ src/ ■ assets/ ■ images/ ■ styles. From here you can now import Bulma with an absolute link that is a little easier to read. <link rel="stylesheet" href=" 122 .
  <div id="app"> <nav class="navbar has-shadow"> <div class="navbar-brand"> <a class="navbar-item" href="#"> <img src="logo.vue file. you can skip to the next section where this chapter will explain im- plementing more Bulma functionality. Admin skeleton Let’s start with moving a little bit of code from /html/dashboard.vue file and then create some of the components from the previous chapters inside the pages folder. Now it’s time to move over the HTML from previous chapters into the .vue file.png" alt="Bleeding Edge Press"> </a> <div class="navbar-burger burger"> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> </div> </div> <div class="navbar-menu"> <div class="navbar-start"> <div class="navbar-item"> <small>Publishing at the speed of technology</small> </div> </div> 123 . but for full code see the books accompanying GitHub page.html to the App. You will start with setting the main template in the App. you will finish off a few components with more interactive functionality. you should pull in the base skeleton and templates for the app in the earlier HTML section. In the last chapter you setup Vue with routing and installed Bulma. The snippets from now on might not be complete. Setting up components with Vue ◦ README.md ◦ webpack.config. One thing to note is that we remove all “content” from the file because that code re- sides in each component’s own .vue files. Later. Setting up components with Vue Note: Depending on your Vue knowledge and whether or not you are following along with the previous examples.js In the next section.
  CHAPTER 11: Using Bulma with VueJS <div class="navbar-end"> <div class="navbar-item has-dropdown is-hoverable"> <div class="navbar-link"> John Doe </div> <div class="navbar-dropdown"> <a class="navbar-item"> <span class="icon is-small"> <i class="fa fa-user-circle-o"></i> </span> Profile </a> <a class="navbar-item"> <span class="icon is-small"> <i class="fa fa-bug"></i> </span> Report bug </a> <a class="navbar-item"> <span class="icon is-small"> <i class="fa fa-sign-out"></i> </span> Sign Out </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <section class="section"> <div class="columns"> <div class="column is-4-tablet is-3-desktop is-2-widescreen"> <aside class="menu"> <p class="menu-label">Menu</p> <ul class="menu-list"> <li> <router-link <span class="icon "> <i class="fa fa-tachometer"></i> </span>Dashboard</router-link> </li> <li> <router-link <span class="icon"> <i class="fa fa-book"></i> </span> Books </router-link> </li> <li> <router-link <span class="icon"> <i class="fa fa-address-book"></i> 124 .
  The <span class="icon"> <i class="fa fa-file-text-o"></i> </span> Orders </router-link> </li> </ul> </aside> </div> <main class="column"> <router-view></router-view> </main> </div> </section> </div> Let’s take a closer look at the snippet above to see what’s different compared to the pure HTML version.. }. you can mount and render a certain component. name: "Dashboard". You might have noticed two things. which you installed with Vue in the last section. especially <router-link> and <router-view>. this makes the app a single page application. routes: [ { path: "/dashboard".js file (snippet below). By visiting a route or URL. The <router-link></router-link> tag translates into a plain <a href="#"></a> tag. this makes Vue able to handle routing.. So after you have logged into the site. component: Dashboard.
  vue file. In this file you will add the code from the main area from the HTML version. <div class="columns is-multiline"> <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-desktop is-3-widescreen"> <div class="notification is-link has-text"> <p class="title is-1">{{ selectedStats.orders }}</p> <p class="subtitle is-4">Orders</p> </div> </div> <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-desktop is-3-widescreen"> <div class="notification is-info has-text"> 126 . So. and inside that folder you should have an empty Dashboard. Let’s start with the top part of the Dashboard page. the changeStats() method gets fired and it changes the stats on display. CHAPTER 11: Using Bulma with VueJS Implementing the dashboard In your file structure you should have a pages/ folder. together with a data object. so that you can change the stats. which contains the logged in users name and a dropdown used to filter results. When you select a different option. except the values on the <option> and a @ <div class="level-left"> <h1 class="subtitle is-3"> <span class="has-text-grey-light">Hello</span> <strong>Alex Johnson</strong> </h1> </div> <div class="level-right"> <div class="select"> <select @ <option value="today" selected>Today</option> <option value="yesterday">Yesterday</option> <option value="week">This Week</option> <option value="month">This Month</option> <option value="year">This Year</option> <option value="alltime">All time</option> </select> </div> </div> </div> There is nothing really different from the HTML version here. That is Vue code for listening on the change event of the select. let’s implement the stats section next.
  month: {.. visitors: "1..556" }.} } } } } 127 .756" }. export default { name: 'Dashboard'. al- so known as string interpolation.465". data() { return { stats: { today: { orders: "232".400"..visitors }}</p> <p class="subtitle is-4">Visitors</p> </div> </div> <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-desktop is-3-widescreen"> <div class="notification is-success has-text"> <p class="title is-1">{{ selectedStats.revenue }}.revenue }}</p> <p class="subtitle is-4">Revenue</p> </div> </div> <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-desktop is-3-widescreen"> <div class="notification is-primary has-text"> <p class="title is-1">{{ selectedStats.678". Go ahead and add the following data object inside the data() {} method. revenue: "7.pageviews }}</p> <p class="subtitle is-4">Pageviews</p> </div> </div> </div> Here you are introduced to Vue’s template syntax {{ selectedStats. The text inside the curly-brackets {{ }} are variables from your data object.}.. allTime: {. Implementing the dashboard <p class="title is-1">${{ selectedStats. visitors: "1. week: {.. pageviews: "18.. pageviews: "20. yesterday: { orders: "200".648".}. revenue: "5.
  methods: { changeStats(event) { this. and status of the order. }.class">{{ order. let’s take a closer look at the first column of three with the latest orders.selectedStats = this.or has-.date }} by <router-link{{ order. key) in orders"> <div class="level" : <div class="level-left"> <div> <p class="title is-5 is-marginless"> <router-link{{ order. Note: Modifier classes in Bulma begin with is.stats[event. It con- tains a list of the latest orders with ordernumber.price }}</p> <span class="tag" : <div class="has-text-right"> <p class="title is-5 is-marginless">${{ order.label }}</span> </div> </div> </div> </template> <router-linkView all orders</router-link> </div> 128 . The order status code contains Bulma’s .sta- tus. } } Lastly. CHAPTER 11: Using Bulma with VueJS Now that you we have some data and code in place for the stats boxes.value]. mounted: function(){ this. price. Below the data() method you can add the following piece of code. date.selectedStats = this.stats. This is what the template code for the LatestOrders list looks like: <div class="column is-12-tablet is-6-desktop is-4-fullhd"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-content"> <h2 class="title is-4">Latest orders</h2> <template v-for="(order. you can imple- ment the changeStats() method.id }}</router-link> </p> <small>{{ order.
  {. Here it is a page. status: { label: "In Progress". However. while the second one has is-success. Let’s get started. This is a special Vue attribute that let’s you manipulate the class list by binding to your da- ta. The thing to point out here is the :class="" attribute. You want all of the status to be<span> tags. the status itself is a variable that is depending on each order. price: "56.html page and convert that into a Vue com- ponent..} ] As you can see. date: "Nov 18. Note: A colon (:) is shorthand for v-bind:.. 129 . or page if you will.tag class. Note: More on loops in Vue.. but technically each page is just another Vue component. 17:38".class of is-warning. { id: . the first order has a status.. Vue gives you a simple way of toggling CSS classes with the :class="" attribute binding. What does this mean? Let’s look at a shortened example of the data object for an order. So. status: { label: "Successful". First Vue template: Login page </div> </div> So what is happening here is that Vue is looping through the orders array and for each order.98". Vue print’s out its details. class: "is-warning" } }. purchasedBy: "John Miller". so give them the . First Vue template: Login page In this chapter we take the code from the login. orders: [ { id: 787352. the :class="" above could also be v- bind:class="". In the snippet above we bound it to an orders status class value. class: "is-success" } }.
  This is available when importing vue-router. you should now see the same page as your static version. This is because you use App. you can add <nav> <!--navigation code--> </nav> <section> <!--main content--> </section> </template> <div v-else><router-view/></div> Note: Inside template code (HTML) we can skip this and just write out the variable. <template v-if="$route. you can check a global variable named this.
  you’ll want to make use of Vue’s class-bindings. or an error message in red text. Check if username/password is correct. } if(this. 3. } this. 4. Show errors if any. To toggle the .Oops! Can't find user. That’ll be up to you to implement if you so wish. Both inputs will only have one toggla- ble class.form. if(this. add a new methods object and the tryLogin() method. You are almost done. }. this chapter won’t be con- necting to a real authentication service.push('dashboard').is-danger to show a small help. Bulma has modifier classes that can be used in many sit- uations.is-dangerclass is perfect in this case. On the <button>.resetErrors().email}" and :.</p> Then add a second one below the div. but you get to see some Bulma classes in action. For the sake of simplicity.resetErrors(). They look like this :class="{'some-class': someVariable}".email !== 'user@bulma. the . Reset possible errors. On each <input> add. methods: { tryLogin(){ } } The tryLogin() method will do the following: 1.control of the password. This could be something like: <p class="help is-danger" v-if="error.$router. Nothing very fancy is going on here.password}" respectively.password !== 'password'){ return this. The finished method looks like this: tryLogin() { this. Down in the <script> section. First Vue template: Login page light the input with a red border.password = true.help class combined with .error.error.
  In the components fold- er. This is what you will be creating: • Create a BugReport component. Creating a component Let’s get going with the first point and create the new component. CHAPTER 11: Using Bulma with VueJS resetErrors(){ this.email = false. The modal will contain a simple text input and will display a success notification if your imaginary request is suc- cessfully completed. • Add the modal’s HTML. • Add Vue awesomeness. Add a nice heading inside 132 . You can access this modal from the user menu in the top-right corner of the topbar. this. This is because you don’t want any dangling error messages hanging around after the field has been validated.error.vue file and start with the following snippet: <template> </template> <script> export default { name: "BugReport" } </script> <style> </style> You can go ahead and copy the code for the Modal card from the Bulma documentation and insert it between the <template></template> tags.password = false. • Import the component in the App.vue file. Hopefully you learned how to show error messages on forms and also toggle a class on elements to highlight errors on input fields. Creating the “Report a Bug” component This chapter will recreate the functionality for the Report a Bug modal.error. create a BugReport. } Note: We reset the errors both before and after the if checks. This pretty much covers the Login component.
  You can achieve this be sending down a property from the parent. which we’ve discussed earlier.modal-card-body you have the input and no- tification. And finally. and if this property is true.is-active modifier class. </p> <p>We will do our best to fix it as soon as possible</p> </div> <p class="help" :The following mes- sage was sent</p> <textarea class="textarea" placeholder="Let us know what problems you faced. hideNotification: true. export default { name: "BugReport". data() { return { reportMessage: "". So when hideNotification is false. the help-text is displayed and the textarea is disabled. 133 . Let’s create the data-objects you’ll need for the BugReport component. it’s assumed that the bug-report has been sent and that the success notification is displayed.is-hidden to the notification wrapper. Creating the “Report a Bug” component the . Bulma modals are shown by toggling the . and also the little help text above the <text-area>." :</textarea> There are a few things going on here. Inside the . If the variable hideNotification is true then set the class . <div class="notification is-success" : <p> <span class="icon"><i class="fa fa-bug"></i></span> Thanks. textarea also uses this variable. Likewise. First let’s modify the <script> to incorporate the incoming props. So the user won’t be able to type any new text. The notification makes use of Vue’s class-attribute binding :class="".modal-card-title tag. This is so that you can grab that text from the data object and send it off to where it needs to go. } } } Since this component will be used for other components. Your bug has been reported. you will toggle the is-active class. As you may know. When it is. but when the oppo- site is true. it will be the “parent” compo- nent’s responsibility to open the modal. the textarea has a v-model for data-binding.
  use the same class attribute binding as above to toggle the . • Submitting or cancelling the bug-report. } }. You do not want to duplicate code. so make a closeModal() method. you can simply add a @ <!-.modal wrapper. CHAPTER 11: Using Bulma with VueJS export default { name: "BugReport". whichever way you choose to close it. This gives you the following closeModal() method. where you can simply $emit a close event that the parent handles. data() { return { reportMessage: "". props: { showModal: { type: Boolean.$emit('close'). Communication from child to parent is done through events in Vue. You need to let the parent know that the modal should be closed. default: false } }. you need to change the showModal’s property from true to false. } The first way to close the modal is implemented in the same fashion. hideNotification: true.delete button. Now. Given this.Modal code --> </div> Now that it is possible to open and show the modal. 134 . a simple call to the closeModal() method will get the job done. • Clicking the close icon. you’ll want to make sure it can close or be dismissed too. There are three ways to close the modal: • Clicking outside the modal (the dark background). } Secondly. which will be re- sponsible for closing the modal. closeModal() { this. On the .modal- background element and the .is-active class on the .
  closeModal(). }.vue'. <button class="button is-text" @Cancel</button> <button class="button is-success" @Send</button> Our modal is done! Add the Modal to the App Template Now that your modal itself is done. So the above click event could be v- on:click="closeModal". 4000). For the cancel and submit buttons. Next. sendReport() { /* Do some ajax request to send and save data. after which you hide the notification again and call the resetModal()meth- od.resetModal(). this. First. resetModal() { this. The final thing to do is add click events on the buttons. import the new component and add it to the compo- nents object. }. import BugReport from '. Creating the “Report a Bug” component Note: The at sign @ is short hand for v-on:. To make it a bit more interactive. Switch over to the App. create the new functions for sending the bug-report and resetting the textarea. You can start with the resetModal() method. set the reportMessage variable to an empty string and then call the closeMo- dal() method from earlier.hideNotification = true. What’s happening here is that the status of hideNotification changes to false so the notification will show up. this. you can make it functional from the top bar user menu.vue file. */ this. }. because it will also be used by the sendReport() method. export default { 135 .hideNotification = false setTimeout(() => { this. put in a setTimeout() of four (4) seconds./components/BugReport.reportMessage = "". The second method sends the bug-report as follows.
  components: { BugReport }. Change this piece of code in the usermenu. which is for Books.vue page for this next part. Books page We gave you some homework from the Home.vue and the rest of the listings pages. You remember how that is the prop that you check for in the BugRe- port component. <report-bug :</ report-bug> Here you can see we are passing along the value of openBugReport to the :showModal property attribute. so the modal closes. When that happens. the application sets openBugRe- port to false. <a class="navbar-item"> <span class="icon is-small"> <i class="fa fa-bug"></i> </span> Report bug </a> So it instead looks like this: <a class="navbar-item" @ <span class="icon is-small"> <i class="fa fa-bug"></i> </span> Report bug </a> Add the collectjs package to the project so that you can easily work with arrays and objects. CHAPTER 11: Using Bulma with VueJS name: 'app'. Lastly. Your code should also listen for the close event that you emitted from the closeModal() method earlier. data: function() { return { openBugReport: false } } } Then add the component to the bottom of the HMTL template. add a click-handler on the “Report Bug” link. We hope you have managed to create “data- 136 . above the last </div>.
  { name: "Docker in Production". It is almost an exact JavaScript port of Laravel’s Collections. import Collect from "collect.jpg". allBooks: [] } } The book’s page has some simple functionality for filtering and sorting the books on the page. and here is a small snippet of how this looks. it is very simple to add event listeners right in your HTML either with the v-on:event="" attribute or with shorthand: @event="".js package at the top of your <script> block.jpg". The latter is just the original array of books you started with when the page loads. add the collect. price: "$22./assets/images/docker.js package to the project so that you can easily work with arrays and objects. coverImage: ". With Vue.99". 137 . }. you will be very fa- miliar with this package. price: "$22. coverImage: ". For simplicity sake. Books page objects” for the books on this page. ]. publishDate: 2017. There needs to be a way to keep tabs on when a change is made on the select drop- down.. ISBN: "9781939902351". pageCount: 156..js". ISBN: "9781939902184". Sorting books Sorting the books is really easy. you will have two arrays of books in the data-object to start with: books and allBooks.99". but let’s start with importing the collect. data() { return { books: [ { name: "TensorFlow For Machine Intelligence". pageCount: 270. }. Next./assets/images/tensorflow. For the complete code check the books github repo. publishDate: 2015. If you have ever worked with the Laravel PHP-framework.
  sortedBooks. so that the package can do its magic with the objects. this.js and the sortBy(key) method.value). Next. which simply sorts the collection by the given key. ISBN…" v- </p> <p class="control"> <button class="button" @Search</button> </p> The search button click and keyup will trigger the same method. One caveat here to keep in mind is that this will change the casing of both the search- 138 . The next step is to create the sortBooks method and sort the books. which does the filter- ing. let’s see if we can make the filtering/search- ing just as simple.target.sortBy(selectValue). let sortedBooks = collection. Here is the complete sortBooks method: sortBooks(event) { let selectValue = String(event. it is even simplier than our sorting above. Let’s start with adding event han- dlers to the Search button and to the <input> field itself. The <input> field will also require a v-model attribute for da- ta binding. let collection = Collect(this. And yes. <p class="control"> <input class="input" type="text" placeholder="Book name. which will trigger on keyup to make it seem more “active”. First.target. transform the books array into a Collection. Then create a new collection with the sorted books and finally set that as our books array. save the currently selected options value in a new variable: let selectValue = String(event.all()). Filtering books Now that you have the sorting out of the way. use collect.books).assign([]. CHAPTER 11: Using Bulma with VueJS So let’s change the select element to look like the snippet below: <select @ <option value="publishDate">Publish date</option> <option value="price">Price</option> <option value="pageCount">Page count</option> </select> Notice that we also added explicit value attributes to all the options.value). Inside the method.books = Object. }.
  However. ]. this.books. publishDate: 2014.filter((book) => { return book..toLowerCase(). To make a Bulma modal visible.assign([]. if you want to add that functionality yourself..includes(this. Inside the <div class="modal-card-body">. })... Besides that. . because you don’t want it to display all of the time. At this point.jpg". coverImage: ". data() { . the focus of this book is Bulma and not VueJS. so this will be a brief and simple ex- planation on how to do it. which name includes the searchWord method. Now you should have the base HTML ready to go.books = Object.toLowerCase()).searchWord) { this. Again. paste the <form></form> from the new-book.html page. searchWord: ""..searchWord. } else { this. Start by making sure you can open up the modal. ADD A NEW BOOK To start you shoud copy the ModalCard code from Bulma and add to the <template> part before the last closing </div>. Implement a modal on the page. This modal could also be used to edit a book as well. go for it! There is an empty method for this with some notes to get you started. This modal will will open a form so the user can add a new book. } } Also don’t forget to add the searchWord to the data object.name. There are two main ways to 139 . it needs the is-acitve" modifier class. it will run the books array through a Vanilla JS filter() method and return the books. the modal only has the modal on it as it should.allBooks). }. so that your filtersearch will be somewhat case-insensitve./assets/images/gulp. } Creating and editing a book The final part of the books pages is creating a new book and editing the ones in the list. Books page Word and the bookname. This chapter won’t go over that.books = this. searchBooks() { if (!this.
  let’s focus on the input and saving the new book. There should be a div with n class of . change the code to the following: <div class="modal" : What is happening here is that we are using Vue’s v-bind: directive and hooking it into the class attribute. The v-if method might be preferable here because it will remove the markup from the DOM when it is set to false. CHAPTER 11: Using Bulma with VueJS show/hide this modal with Vue. add aNew</a> So I guess you noticed that there is one tiny little problem--there’s no way to close the modal. the is-active class is added to the mo- dal div. On each <input> element on the form. pageCount. you should have a re- setNewBookForm() method. Now set the showNewModal variable in your data object with a default value of false: showNewModal: false. create this method to close the modal: resetNewBookForm() { this. Instead. Where [input-variable] corresponds to one of title. 140 . which is the black background of the modal com- ponent. Again let’s use use v-model to get the value bound to the data. price. But let’s do it another way by toggling the is-active class itself. You’ll create this soon. You can do this: <div class="modal-background" @</div> The problem with this is that it will not clear the fields. so for now. Then add a click event on the new book button. } Now that you have that in place.showNewModal = false. When showNewModal is true. and ISBN on the book object. Let’s create a new empty data object variable: book: {}. For publishDate and coverImage you should hard code these on the save- Book() method. let’s just change the code to: <div class="modal-background" @</div> And inside the methods: object. This is a great place to add a second click-event to close out the modal.modal-background on the line after your opening tag for the modal. On the modal wrapper. The first is to just include the is-active class on the mo- dal by default and show/hide it by toggling the elements v-show="" or v-if="" attribute. You should now be able to open the modal by clicking the green “New Book” button. so let’s fix that. since we won’t be covering uploads in this book.
  Books page Each of the inputs should look something like this: <input class="input" type="number" placeholder="e. You’ll pass along the books index in the array: <a @Delete</a>. First. And now if you try adding a new book you should see it appear on the page.resetNewBookForm().push(this. add the click-event to the . and then use the array push() method to add the new book object to the book array(s).99" value="" re- quiredz At the bottom of the form.push(this. REMOVE A BOOK To remove a book.jpg". 141 . this.book. 1) }. <button class="button is-success" type="button" @Save Book</button> <button class="button" type="cancel">Cancel</button> </footer> The final thing to do is set the static variables as mentioned above.book). this.
  You can either create a new edit-book page or use a modal like we did here to add a new book. you should extract the modal into it’s own compo- nent to be re-used across your application. for example. with Vue’s <slot>. Summary That wraps up this chapter on integrating Bulma with VueJS. The next chapter covers using Bulma with React. Switching the content inside a modal can be done. As mentioned in the begin- ning. there are some snippets of the code up on GitHub where you can start to implement the editing form for a book. 142 . CHAPTER 11: Using Bulma with VueJS Note: In a fully fledged application.
  Overall. we will be using NPM. Note: This chapter will also use React best practices and best practice naming conven- tions. we should go over some of the prerequisites and expectations. npm install -g create-react-app create-react-app <project-name> 143 . React also has it’s own CLI. React (or React Native). Installing “Create React App” Much like Angular and VueJS. Instead it will focus more on the user interface. view a collection of books and view book details. It’s worth nothing that this chapter will not be using state management with Redux or tips of server side rendering. Using Bulma with React 12 In this chapter. it’s called Create-React-App. React Documentation:. you’ll need to jump start the React applica- tion by running a few commands. you will be integrating Bulma with React. You should have some basic knowledge of JavaScript (ES6).org Before you dive too deep into this chapter. and NPM or Yarn (Facebook’s package manager). By the end of this chapter. What you will be making In this chapter you will be making a collection browser for Bleeding Edge Press. React is a popular JavaScript framework created by Facebook to create user interfaces. For this chapter however. you should know how to properly integrate Bulma with React and leverage the Bulma library to create your application’s user interface. React Router. Be- fore we start creating our interface with Bulma. users will be able to login with an email and password. For this app. it is a pretty simple application. Create React App (React CLI).
  CHAPTER 12: Using Bulma with React
  cd <project-name>
  npm start
  A local server will start and your React app will initialize.
  Quick overview of Create-React-App
  Create-React-App already does all of the hard work of setting up a development environ-
  ment for you. From here, you just need to create the components and stylesheets (if any).
  For this chapter, we’re going to keep all components and their children in their own di-
  rectory.
  src/
  - components/
  - Login.jsx
  - LoginForm.jsx
  - styles/ (if any)
  - Login.css
  Login.jsx will act as the container with LoginForm.jsx nested inside it. Setting up
  the components this way will let you move or add your login form anywhere in the applica-
  tion.
  The app structure
  You are going to be renaming some files, creating directories for your assets, and creating
  directories for your components. At a very high level, your directory structure inside the
  src folder should resemble this...
  src/
  - assets/
  - actions/
  - components/
  - ComponentName/
  - ComponentName.jsx
  - ComponentNameChild.jsx
  - ComponentNameOtherChild.jsx
  - styles/
  - ComponentName.css
  - App.css
  - App.js
  - App.test.js
  - index.js
  144
  Installing Bulma
  - index.css
  - registerServiceWorker.js
  Installing Bulma
  There are a few ways that you can initialize Bulma inside the React app. You can certainly
  add it to your index.html file inside the _public/ directory, or...you can add it via NPM
  and import it with ES6.
  Note: You will want to add Bulma globally to refer to it once and use it throughout the
  entire application.
  Option 1: Adding Bulma via a CDN
  After Create-React-App is done installing, start the application with npm start and open
  the files in a text editor. In your project structure, you will see a public/ directory. Navi-
  gate to the public/ directory and open the index.html file.
  You can remove the pre-rendered comments if you’d like, but these aren’t too impor-
  tant.
  Inside the <head>, add Bulma via a CDN just like any other stylesheet in a website.
  <link href="
  bulma.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  Option 2: Adding Bulma via NPM
  This is the recommended way of adding Bulma, since it’s considered best practice to im-
  port React dependencies with JavaScript.
  After Create-React-App is done installing, start the application with npm start and open
  the files in a text editor.
  To install Bulma via NPM run...
  npm install bulma --save
  Let’s open up the index.js file inside our main src/ directory and add the following
  with the rest of the import statements...
  import './../node_modules/bulma/css/bulma.css';
  That’s it. You can start using Bulma in your JSX!
  145
  CHAPTER 12: Using Bulma with React
  Routing with React Router 4
  This example application is using React Router 4, which allows you to visit different ren-
  dered components based on the URL. This chapter will briefly go over the basics of React
  Router 4. However, it’s strongly recommended to check out their documentation.
  React Router 4 Documentation:.
  First, you’ll want to install React Router 4 with the following command:
  npm install react-router-dom --save
  Next, import two specific components of react-router-dom and those are Browser-
  Router and Route. You can do that with an ES6 import statement in your App.js file.
  import { BrowserRouter, Route } from 'react-router-dom';
  Next, import your components that you will create. You can actually import these later
  once you create them. If you import them before, you’ll get an error. Just be sure to refer-
  ence this section later when you’re ready to tie routes to components.
  BrowserRouter
  <BrowserRouter> is a wrapper for each <Route>. Think of BrowserRouter as a compo-
  nent itself that get’s it’s “child” component injected into when a certain condition is met
  like, let’s say...a URL address?
  Like all other components, <BrowserRouter> needs a single root element. You will get
  an error if you try to place many routes in there. So, you’ll need to follow it directly with a
  <div>.
  At this point, your JSX should look something like this:
  <BrowserRouter>
  <div>
  {/* Routes will go here */}
  </div>
  </BrowserRouter>
  Route
  Inside your single <div>, you should add a <Route>. Remember, <Route> is a component
  that was imported with React Router 4. The basic structure of a route is:
  <Route exact path="/" component={Login} />
  146
  On this level. class App extends Component { render() { return ( <BrowserRouter> <div> <Route exact path="/" component={Login} /> <Route exact path="/collection" component={Collection} /> <Route name="collectionDetail" path="/collection/:id" compo- nent={CollectionSingleBookDetail} /> </div> </BrowserRouter> ). Route } from 'react-router-dom'. Creating the Login component Let’s create a folder and name it “Login./App. If it’s confusing now. id. we will be creating a dynamic route. don’t worry. import CollectionSingleBookDetail from '. } } export default App. You want to keep UI layout separate from the child components. // Import Components for Routes import Login from '. Dynamic routes have variables that you can add to the route in order to assign a unique route to a component with unique data. { Component } from 'react'.js With Routes import React. Creating the Login component At some point in this chapter. import '. let’s create a JSX file and name it “Login. this folder will contain all of our component’s code. import { BrowserRouter. it’ll make more sense soon.css'./Login/Login'.” As stated above.jsx will act as a container and will do nothing but “contain” the child com- ponents. Variables in dynamic routes begin with a colon : followed by the variable name like. This Login./Collection/CollectionSingleBookDe- tail'. you can control the overall layout of the component. Inside this folder.jsx”. Final App. 147 ./Collection/Collection'. import Collection from '.
  <section className="hero is-primary is-fullheight"> </section> Your browser window should be completely green. That way you can reuse the form itself any- where in the web application if you choose to do so. For every new component we want to import a few things into it using ES6 and then render our component.js file earlier. So you don’t need to add it again. All of our JSX will be written inside the component that extends Component. Bulma has some nice utility classes out-of-the-box that you can leverage to create that full height “green” background. Those classes are: • hero: Defines a large area for hero images or important information. Remember. • is-primary: Adds the primary background color. you’ll want to create a single ele- ment and assign it a few classes: a base class and two modifiers. Tip: Modifier classes in Bulma begin with is. CHAPTER 12: Using Bulma with React Login. • is-fullheight: Applies a minimum height of 100% of the viewport’s height. create the user interface that contains the form. the primary color is the green color we want. specifically used in tandem with the hero class. CREATING THE LOGIN FORM CONTAINER First. { Component } from 'react'. you’ll notice that it’s not vertically aligned. import React. However. } } export default Login. Luckily. Bulma was added globally into the index.or has-. class Login extends Component { render() { return ( {/* JSX Goes Here */} ).jsx Remember. if you add some arbitrary content. there’s a Bulma class that does this. and that is hero-body. In Bulma. so let’s create the first React component with Bulma. In order to achieve that. you should keep the ac- tual form separate from the Login component. 148 .
  </p> </div> </section> If you add some generic text now. • is-5-tablet: Column is 5/12 columns wide on tablet devices.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> • container: Contains the child elements in a pre-defined width. • is-4 desktop: Column is 4/12 columns wide of desktop devices.</p> </div> </div> </div> 149 . FINAL LOGIN. { Component } from 'react'.JSX import React. Creating the Login component <section className="hero is-primary is-fullheight"> <div className="hero-body"> <p>I am generic text. class Login extends Component { render() { return ( <section className="hero is-primary is-fullheight"> <div className="hero-body"> <div className="container"> <div className="columns is-centered"> <div className="column is-5-tablet is-4-desktop is-3- widescreen"> <p>I am generic text. you’ll notice that your text is now vertically centered! You still need to add a few more lines of JSX with Bulma classes to achieve the container’s desired user interface. • columns: The “row” that contains our individual columns. • is-3-widescreen: Column is 3/12 columns wide on larger. widescreen devices. <section className="hero is-primary is-fullheight"> <div className="hero-body"> <div className="container"> <div className="columns is-centered"> <div className="column is-5-tablet is-4-desktop is-3-widescreen"> {/* Our form code goes here */} <p>I am generic text.
  The image will be wrapped with some Bulma classes to a <div> so it can be cen- tered at the top of the form. Creating the Login form Now that the container is complete.png'./. Every form needs a few things. <div className="field has-text-centered"> <img src={Logo} </div> 150 . import Logo from '. has-text-centered does just that. What box does is adds a white background with a slight drop shadow to our form. but most importantly.. LoginForm. If you haven’t already. We’re going to give it a Bulma class of box. Most of this JSX is standard form inputs and checkboxes. the <form> element. CHAPTER 12: Using Bulma with React </div> </section> ). } } export default Login.jsx as a child component. import the logo with an ES6 import state- ment. <form className="box"> </div> Next.jsx import React. The Bulma class.. let’s create the login form itself.jsx component will be imported into Login. Let’s add this JSX into your return statement in the LoginForm component. {/* Logo Image */} class LoginForm extends Component { render() { return ( {/* JSX Goes Here */} ). } } export default LoginForm. This LoginForm./. This form element will be our single root element in this example. { Component } from 'react'. add the logo./assets/logo-bis.
  As you can probably guess. which are text SVG icons. These are used to get the styling of our form consistent.g. So. we are going to be leveraging Bulma for our input fields. dave@parsecdi- gital. is-small. More importantly though. Note: This form is using Font Awesome. has-icons-left. it’s pretty awesome. You should definitely check out their documentation. it’s just a matter of creating the rest of the form inputs for the email and password fields as well as the submit button.io" required/> <span className="icon is-small is-left"> <i className="fa fa-envelope"></i> </span> </div> </div> You’ll notice a few extra classes like label. and is-left.io/ <form className="box"> <div className="field has-text-centered"> <img src={Logo} </div> <div className="field"> <label className="label">Email</label> <div className="control has-icons-left"> <input className="input" type="email" placeholder="e. with that class. As the name suggests.g. Creating the Login component From here.io" required/> <span className="icon is-small is-left"> <i className="fa fa-envelope"></i> </span> </div> </div> <div className="field"> <label className="label">Password</label> <div className="control has-icons-left"> <input className="input" type="password" placeholder="********" re- quired/> <span className="icon is-small is-left"> <i className="fa fa-lock"></i> </span> </div> </div> 151 . Bulma adds some padding to leave room for an icon. has- icons-left tells the form input that it is supposed to have icons to the left of the input. Font Awesome Documentation:. dave@parsecdigi- tal. <div className="field"> <label className="label">Email</label> <div className="control has-icons-left"> <input className="input" type="email" placeholder="e.
  • control: A form input container.g. Note: It’s worth noting that we are not going to be adding validation or a form handler to this form. • checkbox: Styling for form checkboxes.JSX COMPONENT import React. CHAPTER 12: Using Bulma with React <div className="field"> <label className="checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" required/> Remember me </label> </div> <div className="field"> <button className="button is-success"> Login </button> </div> </form> • box: Adds a white box to contain child elements. • input: Styling for form inputs. FINAL LOGINFORM. { Component } from 'react'. • has-icons-left: Adds padding to left of input field to allow room for an icon. • field: Contains <form> elements for consistent spacing. • is-small: Modifier that decreases the size of the element. • is-left: Aligns the icon to the left. dave@par- secdigital. Write a function that redirects the user to the /collections route when submitted correctly. This section is to illustrate how easy it is to create a web form with Bulma. Optional: Feel free to add validation and a form handler.io" required/> <span className="icon is-small is-left"> <i className="fa fa-envelope"></i> 152 . class LoginForm extends Component { render() { return ( <form className="box"> <div className="field has-text-centered"> <img src={Logo} </div> <div className="field"> <label className="label">Email</label> <div className="control has-icons-left"> <input className="input" type="email" placeholder="e.
  /LoginForm. This collection is the meat- and-potatoes of this chapter’s example. } } export default LoginForm. Creating the collection </span> </div> </div> <div className="field"> <label className="label">Password</label> <div className="control has-icons-left"> <input className="input" type="password" placeholder="********" required/> <span className="icon is-small is-left"> <i className="fa fa-lock"></i> </span> </div> </div> <div className="field"> <label className="checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" required/> Remember me </label> </div> <div className="field"> <button className="button is-success"> Login </button> </div> </form> ).jsx component with import LoginForm from '. import it into your Login. You can further enhance this form on your own with validation. Users can click on a cover and get routed to a “details” component where they cab “buy” or “share” the book. and replace your generic text with <Login- Form />. 153 . you’ll be “redirected” to a collections view. After your form is complete. The collection will display various Bleeding Edge book covers.jsx'. Creating the collection Once you “login”. and by routing the Col- lections component when valid.
  CHAPTER 12: Using Bulma with React The Header Every web application needs a header. Bulma has classes that we can use that make this very easy. <header> <nav> </nav> </header> 154 . You’re final header should look something to this when done: Create your Header.jsx component and place the JSX file in the src/components/ Header/ directory. Header. This Header component will be the header “container”. Inside that <header> will be a <nav> with some Bulma classes.jsx The base element for this component will be <header>. As you’ve probably guessed.
  You should also add the navbar class to add the default nav bar styles in Bulma. The reason is that if you want to show a navigation bar on desktop. So. } } export default Header. import HeaderBrand from '.JSX import React. Navbar-start is used for the left section of the navigation bar. <div className="navbar-menu"> <div className="navbar-start"> <div className="navbar-item"> <small>Publishing at the speed of technology</small> </div> </div> </div> FINAL HEADER. import HeaderUserControls from '. navbar-menu is needed for the navigation bar especially for the desktop. 155 . As you can see. { Component } from 'react'.> ). but we want some separation between it and the rest of the webpage. but not mobile. You’ll make those soon./HeaderUserControls'. Navbar-item is used to define each single item in the navigation bar. Creating the collection This header is great so far. Your header’s JSX should resemble this. add the has-shadow class to the <nav> to add a slightly drop shadow. use the navbar-menu class./HeaderBrand'. Next. Don’t worry about the HeaderBrand and HeaderUserControls. it’s time to add the JSX for the nav bar itself.
  which appears next to the navbar brand on desktop. CHAPTER 12: Using Bulma with React • navbar: Full width. Create three <span> tags and wrap those in navbar-burger and burger. { Component } from 'react'. Bulma makes this very easy. • navbar-item: Each single item of the navbar. navbar-brand is used because it is always visible across all devices. You should wrap your logo image with navbar-item and navbar-brand.. responsive vertical navigation bar with a structure.JSX import React. This class is typically used for branding./.. create the mobile navigation icon for mobile devices.jsx HeaderBrand is a child component of Header and is used for our branding. • has-shadow: Modifier that adds a box-shadow to the element./assets/logo. including the logo! Create a new file and name it HeaderBrand./.jsx. placing it inside your src/compo- nents/Header directory. • navbar-start: The left part of the menu. import Logo from '. like for logos or mottos. <div className="navbar-brand"> <a className="navbar-item"> <img src={Logo} /> </a> </div> Next in this component. <div className="navbar-burger burger"> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> </div> Hamburger icons have never been so easy! FINAL HEADERBRAND. the main con- tainer. The class. which can either be an a or a div.png'. as shown be- low. make sure you import the logo as a com- ponent dependency. Our base element is going to be a <div> with some Bulma clases attached to it. Once you import React. class HeaderBrand extends Component { 156 . HeaderBrand.
  mobile navigation icon. HeaderUserControls. • burger: We wish.jsx HeaderUserControls. You can probably already guess what these modifiers do. Add a nest <div> inside of it and assign the Bulma classes has-dropdown and is- hoverable. Jokes aside. It makes it easy to create a dropdown that displays on hover. <div className="navbar-end"> <div className="navbar-item has-dropdown is-hoverable"> <div className="navbar-link"> Dave Berning 157 . } } export default HeaderBrand.jsx inside of our src/components/Header directo- ry. The base element of this component is going to be a <div>. • navbar-brand: Always visible and usually contains the logo and optionally some links or icons. <div className="navbar-end"> </div> Navbar-end is used because this will be at the end or the right of our navigation bar. Create a new file and name it HeaderUserControls. Creating the collection render() { return ( <div className="navbar-brand"> <a className="navbar-item"> <img src={Logo} /> </a> <div className="navbar-burger burger"> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> </div> </div> ). This is just a simple dropdown with additional links for things like “Profile” and “Sign Out”.jsx is our final component for the header. which toggles the navbar menu on touch de- vices. this is a container that contains the three <span> tags that’ll render a hamburger. • navbar-burger: The hamburger icon.
  • is-hoverable: The dropdown will show up when hovering the parent navbar- item. • navbar-link: A link as the sibling of a dropdown. CHAPTER 12: Using Bulma with React </div> </div> </div> As you can see. make sure you wrap them with the navbar-item class. With each dropdown item. > The JSX for the dropdown should be under the navbar-link with user’s name. So you’ll need to create that next. Your dropdown menu should always be wrapped in the navbar-dropdown class. FINAL HEADERUSERCONTROLS. In this case. this a great but there is no dropdown. which appears at the end of the navbar.JSX Your final HeaderUserControls component should look similar to this: 158 . “Dave Berning.” • navbar-end: The right part of the menu. with an arrow.
  class HeaderUserControls extends Component { render() { return ( <div className="navbar-end"> <div className="navbar-item has-dropdown is-hoverable"> <div className="navbar-link"> Dave Berning </div> > </div> </div> ). { Component } from 'react'. Creating the collection import React. } } export default HeaderUserControls. 159 .
  All Rights Re- served</p> </footer> 160 .jsx The Footer is a much simpler component than the header./HeaderUserControls'. import HeaderUserControls from '.jsx. Your JSX for this is very simple: <footer className="footer"> <p className="has-text-centered">Copyright ©. and a footer naviga- tion bar. it’s time to import them into Header.jsx. Footer. images. Your final header should resemble something like this: import React./HeaderBrand'. } } export default Header. 2018. { Component } from 'react'. CHAPTER 12: Using Bulma with React Putting the header together Now that you have your header child components done. text. placing it into the src/Footer/ direc- tory. import HeaderBrand from '. However. Create a new JSX file and name it Footer.> ). you can certainly try out your new Bulma skills and add additional columns.
  you’ll import the header and footer into the collections and collections detail components.jpg". { Component } from 'react'. "name": "Developing a React. & Simon Hojberg".. Nested inside of that base <div> is going to be another with the class of container. } } export default Footer. The base element in this component is going to be a <div>. "details": "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. The data object looks something like this: { "id": 5. You can have any element. The book collection body This body will control the layout of the collection as well as iterate through data and render a single component that you’ll pass data into. • has-text-centered: Center aligns text. "cover": "react-edge. the data is coming from a JSON file with generic data called.jsx and place it into the src/components/ Collection/ directory. Your final footer component should resemble this: import React. 161 .. or image in this element. For this section. This component will act as our container and contain all child components. list. Frankie Bagnardi. All Rights Reserved</p> </footer> ). You have your footer already constructed.js Edge". The book collection body • footer: Used for footers. "author": "Richard Feldman." } Create a JSX file called Collection. books.json in the src/data directory. This container class is used to “contain” our content in a fixed width and be centered. 2018. Later. class Footer extends Component { render() { return ( <footer className="footer"> <p className="has-text-centered">Copyright ©.
  import styles from './styles/Collection.. To achieve this. } render() { 162 . make sure you pass down you data via props.css'. pass props down.. { Component } from 'react'.id} book={book} /> { /* Creating this soon! */ } </div> ))} </div> FINAL COLLECTION.map((book) => ( <div className="column is-3"> <CollectionSingleBook key={book./data/books. this./. add some JSX to fill in the component. You want to iterate through that data and the container CollectionSingleBook com- ponent with a column that is 3/12 columns wide. When referencing the CollectionSin- gleBook component. <h1 className="title is-2">Your Collection</h1> {/* Iterates through data (books) */} <div className="columns is-multiline"> {this. CHAPTER 12: Using Bulma with React Collection..state = { books: BookData }.. The end goal of this component is to show all of the book covers with one single component.JSX import React. which was discussed in other chapters.jsx <div> <div className="container"> </div> </div> Next. and write corresponding JSX with Bulma to achieve this.state. we want to loop through data./. import BookData from './Header/Header' import Footer from './Footer/Footer'./CollectionSingleBook'./. class Collection extends Component { constructor() { super(). Create a <div> with the class of columns. import Header from '. This of course is the base of Bulma.json'./. Following that columns <div> there should be another <div> with the class of column.books. import CollectionSingleBook from '.
  Import it with import { Link. Element is 3/12 columns wide. the col- umns will repeat past it’s container without wrapping.jsx This is a smaller component.. • is-3: Based on a 12 column layout.props. With no size restriction on the single book itself. Wihout this. <div> <Link to={{pathname: `/collection/${this. This component really illustrates why you should break up components into small./assets/" + this. digestible bits.book }}}> <img src={require(".jsx is simply going to be our book cover with a link to the detail component.state. To elaborate. Note: Link is part of React Router 4. or in this case. CollectionSingleBook. } } export default Collection.props. • is-multiline: Defines the columns row to wrap column items. state: { single- Book: this. you can add it anywhere and control the size using other parent components. withRouter} from 'react-router-dom'.id} book={book} /> </div> ))} </div> </div> <Footer /> </div> ).book.books.props.book. The book collection body return ( <div> <Header /> <div className="container has-gutter-top-bottom"> <h1 className="title is-2">Your Collection</h1> {/* Iterates through data (books) */} <div className="columns is-multiline"> {this. the container.id}`./. the CollectionSingleBook component is restricting the size of the cov- er to a third of the browser window.map((book) => ( <div className="column is-3"> <CollectionSingleBook key={book..cover)}/> 163 . Element is 2/12 columns wide. • title: Defines a title (much like an <h1>) • is-2: Based on a 12 column layout. CollectionSingleBook./.
  jsx. you are simply constructing the dynamic link and passing a single “book” object down via props to the next component the CollectionSingleBookDe- tail. The left column is nothing but the book cover while the right is nothing but information about the book as well as a nested columns row for the “share” and “buy” buttons.jsx. the other sibling columns automatically adjust their size. <div className="container"> <div className="columns"> <div className="column"> <h1 className="title is-2">{singleBook. the route is always different but uses the same component. } } export default CollectionSingleBook././assets/" + this. withRouter} from 'react-router-dom'. { Component } from 'react'.jsx. We are using the book’s id to determine which book info get’s loaded into this component.props.book. The route is what defines which data gets passed down to this.name}</h1> 164 . state: { singleBook: this. class CollectionSingleBook extends Component { render() { return ( <div> <Link to={{pathname: `/collection/${this. You need to restrict the width of that column to a certain size otherwise the cover image will be way too large. When you see singleBook.. it is referencing the data directly via props from Collec- tion.props.jsx This is a dynamic component. import { Link.book }}}><img src={require(". You access this component by clicking on the CollectionSingleBook.JSX import React. it’s two columns. CHAPTER 12: Using Bulma with React </Link> </div> In this component. This component’s layout is pretty simple./. After that left column.cover)}/></Link> </div> ). Make sure your add the contain- er class to the wrapper <div> so it restricts the content to a fixed width and centers it.book.id}`.. Meaning. The left column needs to have the is-one-third modifier class. CollectionSingleBookDetail.props. FINAL COLLECTIONSINGLEBOOK.
  ..singleBook.location./. The book collection body <p>By: {singleBook.details}</p> <div className="columns"> <div className="column"> <button className="button is-primary is-large is-fullwidth">Buy Book</button> </div> <div className="column"> <button className="button is-secondary is-large is- fullwidth">Share Book</button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> Your final component should resemble something similar to this: import React./Header/Header'. class CollectionSingleBookDetail extends Component { render() { const singleBook = this.state./. */} return ( <div> <div className="container"> <div className="columns"> <div className="column"> <h1 className="title is-2">{singleBook./.props.cover)}/> </div> <div className="column"> 165 ./.cover)}/> </div> <div className="column"> <p>{singleBook. import Header from '.. import Footer from '. { /* just mak- ing our JSX easier to read./. This is optional././assets/" + singleBook.. { Component } from 'react'.author}</p> </div> </div> <div className="columns"> <div className="column is-one-third"> <img src={require(".author}</p> </div> </div> <div className="columns"> <div className="column is-one-third"> <img src={require("./Footer/Footer'./assets/" + singleBook..name}</h1> <p>By: {singleBook..
  /..title. Comparable to a <h2>.jsx component. add <Header /> and <Footer /> above and below the ././Header/Header' import Footer from '. you should start importing the headers and footers into your Collection. Other columns fill in the rest of the space. In your Collections./Footer/Footer'./. { Component } from 'react'. import Header from '.jsx components. • is-large: Increases the size of the button to a larger size. • is-fullwidth: Makes the <button> 100% width. Your final code should resemble the following: Collections../. • title: Adds heading styles to text. Tying the Collections Component Together Now that you have all of the collection components completed.jsx (Container) import React. • is-one-third: Defines the column to be one-third of the container.container respectively. • is-2: Different size of the .. import Footer from '.details}</p> <div className="columns"> <div className="column"> <button className="button is-primary is-large is- fullwidth">Buy Book</button> </div> <div className="column"> <button className="button is-secondary is-large is- fullwidth">Share Book</button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> ). 166 . } } export default CollectionSingleBookDetail./ Footer/Footer'. CHAPTER 12: Using Bulma with React <p>{singleBook./Header/Header'.jsx and CollectionSingleBookDetail. • is-secondary: Uses the secondary color for the <button>.. import Header from '.
  /. this.map((book) => ( <div className="column is-3"> <CollectionSingleBook key={book.id} book={book} /> </div> ))} </div> </div> <Footer /> </div> ). you can click on each book cover and it’ll take you to /collection/<id>. you should see the login screen! This form doesn’t have any functionality./CollectionSingleBook'. 167 .json'. you should run the fol- lowing command to build your project locally: npm start Assuming that it builds correctly. you’ll need to navigate to it via the URL bar with /collection. } render() { return ( <div> <Header /> <div className="container has-gutter-top-bottom"> <h1 className="title is-2">Your Collection</h1> {/* Iterates through data (books) */} <div className="columns is-multiline"> {this... import BookData from '. Running the application If you haven’t been building the example throughout this chapter. class Collection extends Component { constructor() { super().state = { books: BookData }.state. but to see the Collections component. You should see a grid of Bleeding Edge Book covers! From here. } } export default Collection. Each one of these detail screens is a single component that gets data passed into it.books. Running the application import CollectionSingleBook from './data/books./.
  CHAPTER 12: Using Bulma with React Summary Bulma is a powerful CSS framework that you can use in your next React project to quickly prototype and or create it’s user interface. Follow along in the next and final chapter to learn how to customize Bulma. Since Bulma is built on Flexbox. some of these concepts you can take with you if you decide to build a native mobile application with Re- act Native! You should now have a strong understanding on how to integrate Bulma with React and why you might decide to use a specific Bulma CSS class in a specific case. 168 .
  First. You need to have NodeJS installed on your computer. Secondly. Setting up node-sass Bulma is built with Sass. which provides binding for Node. and it can be done in several ways: 1. Although it’s originally written in Ruby (and available as a Ruby gem). Overriding Bulma’s styles 5. Overriding Bulma’s component variables 3. where branding guidelines have already been defined and need to be strictly followed. And one design can’t satisfy everyone! Luckily.js to LibSass. you’ll still want to add your own personal touch. Overriding Bulma’s initial and derived variables 2. because you probably already have defined colors and typography rules. a CSS preprocessor. you probably don’t want your website to end up looking like every other Bulma instance. Adding your own variables 4. which is especially true when you are using Bulma in a busi- ness context. This is the library we’re going to use here. and you’ll see that Bulma is a tool that can be the solu- tion to any type of design. Customizing Bulma 13 Bulma comes with default styles that are carefully chosen to satisfy most users. you need to follow at least one of these steps. you need to set up Sass on your computer. and ensure that any interface built with Bulma looks great. it’s recommended to use the faster C/C++ compiler LibSass. 169 . But even if the layout of the page is naturally balanced and the components are clear enough to be used straight out of the box. Adding your own styles To define your own customized interface. because no matter what the purpose of the website you’re building with Bulma. Bulma is a CSS framework that is very easy to customize. Most developers actually use node-sass. First. Have a look at the Bulma Expo.
  css as the output. Creating a sass/custom.7.css"> 170 . "start": "npm run build -. go to the folder where you’ve saved your HTML files (alongside books.html.css"> Since you want your own custom version. The most important script here is the build one: it takes the file sass/custom. etc.6.com/ajax/libs/bulma/ 0.cloudflare.json: "devDependencies": { "bulma": "^0. Replace that script with the following list: "scripts": { "build": "node-sass --output-style expanded --include-path=node_modules/ bulma sass/custom.json With your terminal. in all of your HTML files replace that <link> tag with this new one: <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/custom.min. and creates the css/custom. the list of scripts only has one called test.css".scss file So far. CHAPTER 13: Customizing Bulma Creating package. customers.).1/css/bulma. which simply echos an error mes- sage and exits. "node-sass": "^4. The start script simply turns the build into a watch script.html. This will create a package. and type the following: npm init Follow the instructions. Then type the following: npm i bulma node-sass --save-dev This will add the dev dependencies to your package.scss css/custom.6.--watch" }.json file. you’ve been importing the Bulma CSS via the CDN: <link rel="stylesheet" href="".2" } Right now.scss as an input.
  json file.css file: • You removed the Bulma styles • You added your own styles You can now remove this CSS rule so custom. saving .css file.sass files. While Bulma itself uses .. In the latter.css Open up your page and you should see the following: By using your own custom. You should see the following out- put: Rendering Complete.scss file.. hence why we’re using it here.scss is empty. To see if your setup is working. write the following in custom. create a /css and a /sass folder.css file don’t exist yet! In the same directory as your package. } Then open up your terminal and run npm run build. Wrote CSS to /path/to/html/css/custom. most developers prefer the syntax . add a custom. Setting up node-sass The /css folder and the custom.scss: html { background: red. 171 .scss files be- cause it’s easier to understand.
  Since a change in the file has occurred. saving .css Everything is back to normal.scss file. The first step to create your custom design is to import new font families. add: @import "node_modules/bulma/bulma". Since you haven’t made any changes yet. In your empty custom. you are importing the Sass version of Bulma into your custom. which then generates the custom. but you are not using it yet. 172 .. run npm start instead: this will watch the file for changes.scss file quite frequently from now on. Because you are going to update the . Save the file.css file. Wrote CSS to /path/to/html/css/custom. Instead of importing the generated .css file from the CDN.scss file.scss Rendering Complete. you will see this output in the ter- minal: => changed: /path/to/html/sass/custom.css.. CHAPTER 13: Customizing Bulma Importing Bulma You have installed Bulma locally on your machine. you can’t see any differences.
  Introducing your own variables While Bulma uses a single font family. you will have to add the new Sass snippets just before the @import "node_modules/bulma/bulma". Since it’s going to be re-used a lot. sans-serif. add: @import url('. line. 53%) • derived variables either reference an initial variable like $link: $blue. it’s better to store it as a variable too: $large-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(#000. 0. You need to create a new variable to store this second family. and refer- ence either a previously defined variable. Importing the Google fonts Importing the Google fonts The new design uses two Google fonts: Karla and Rubik.700'). After importing the fonts but before importing Bulma. So at the top of custom. You import the fonts before importing Bulma. or use a Sass function to determine their value like $green-invert: findColorIn- vert($green) • component variables are specific to each Bulma element or component.500. it’s important to import them first. While it’s possible to import them via a <link> tag. add: // New variables $family-heading: "Rubik".05). BlinkMacSystemFont. or a new literal 173 .scss file. Until further notice. it’s easier to import them in a single location from your CSS file. -apple-system. Understanding Bulma’s variables Bulma comes with three sets of variables: • initial variables are a collection of Sass variables that are assigned a literal value like $blue: hsl(217. "Helvetica". The design will also heavily use a new type of shadow. "Arial".com/css?family=Karla:400. 71%. Rubik will be used as font for headings mainly.700|Rubik: 400. the new design uses two. Since the fonts are a third-party dependency. The other font families act as a fallback in case Rubik doesn’t load.
  CHAPTER 13: Customizing Bulma This can create a chain. the breadcrumb items’ color use that link color: $breadcrumb-item-color: $link This provides Bulma users with a lot of flexibility in terms of customization: • You can update the $blue value and it will be reflected throughout the website • Or you can set $link: $green to update all links. BlinkMacSystemFont. write the following: // Initial variables $turquoise: #5dd52a. and the changes will be reflected throughout the website. $yellow: #FFF200. $blue: #525adc. "Helvetica". $radius: 5px. and the breadcrumb items too • Or you can only choose to update the breadcrumb items to be red instead: $breadcrumb-item-color: $red • Or you can do both: make all links green. $red: #D30012. In custom. For example: • In initial-variables. 53%) • In derived-variables. $green: #24D17D. Remember to add this before importing Bulma. 174 . sans-serif. the color blue uses a literal value: $blue: hsl(217. 71%.sass.sass. -apple-system.sass. "Arial". and a bigger border ra- dius. but have all breadcrumb items red The purpose of this setup is to both: • Make it easy to update a single value everywhere (since $blue is defined in a single location) • Still allow elements and components to be styled individually Overriding Bulma’s initial variables The new design comes with new brand colors. a second font Karla. $family-sans-serif: "Karla".scss. the $link color uses that shade of blue: $link: $blue • In breadcrumb. Using this new branding is straightforward: update their respective variables with their new values.
  175 . in this case $body-background-color. Overriding Bulma’s component variables The new design has a slightly darker page background.sass. Overriding Bulma’s component variables The colors have been updated. After having imported the initial variables. and the new brand colors are preserved. You can use one of Bulma’s initial variables: $white-ter. This is defined in the gener- ic. Instead of writing a new CSS rule. It’s a Sass feature that means a variable’s value will be assigned a default value unless it has been assigned one before. That’s why importing Bulma after having set the new variables still works. To access it. reas- sign this variable: $body-background-color: $white-ter. and the body font is now Karla. but before importing the rest of Bulma. you need to im- port it: // Import the rest of Bulma's initial variables @import "node_modules/bulma/sass/utilities/initial-variables". you only need to update the appropriate vari- able. All Bulma variables use the !default flag. All initial variables are now accessible and can be used to update the component vari- ables.
  $box-shadow: $large-shadow. and the box also requires a bit more padding: $box-padding: 2rem. Both the Bulma box and the card can use it. 176 . $card-shadow: $large-shadow. CHAPTER 13: Customizing Bulma The next step is to make use of the $large-shadow created earlier.
  0. 0.1). the new design is more spaced out. $input-focus-box-shadow-color: rgba($black. 177 .1). Overriding Bulma’s component variables In general. combined with a red dropdown arrow: $button-focus-box-shadow-color: rgba($black. Increase the gap between columns: $column-gap: 1rem. A gray one looks better here. Button and inputs still have blue shadow when focused. $input-arrow: $red.
  5em.75em 1. These values will turn it grayscale: $menu-item-color: $grey. 178 . CHAPTER 13: Customizing Bulma The sidebar menu is a bit too prominent. $navbar-dropdown-border-top: none. $menu-item-active-background-color: $white. The navbar and the table also need more breathing space: $navbar-height: 6rem. $menu-item-active-color: $black. $navbar-item-img-max-height: 3rem. $table-cell-padding: 0. $menu-item-radius: $radius. $menu-item-hover-background-color: transparent. $table-cell-border: 2px solid $white-ter. $navbar-item-hover-background-color: transparent.
  png with the icon.5" height="21"> <br> <small>Publishing at the speed of technology</small> </div> </div> 179 . and better spacing.png" width="250. and without writing any CSS. But the logo is too wide: To save horizontal space. split the icon and the type. Updating the HTML By simply overriding Bulma’s variables. the design has al- ready changed a lot: new color scheme. Replace the logo.png"> </a> Move the type with the tagline: <div class="navbar-item"> <div> <img src="images/type. Updating the HTML The taller navbar is now more prominent.png: <a class="navbar-item"> <img src="images/icon. additional font.
  After @import "node_modules/bulma/bulma".. so it’s better to define a new variable: 180 . So you have to write your own CSS rules. } This is a Sass placeholder: this allows you to combine multiple selectors into a single rule.. with no inner shadow or border. inputs. Luckily. the classes are easy to extend. Bigger controls The Bulma controls (buttons.) are redefined in this new design: slightly bigger. All of the code from now on has to be written at the end of the file. To customize the design even more. pagination links. select dropdown.. after having impor- ted Bulma. you can use extends and nesting. write the following: %heading { font-family: $family-heading. CHAPTER 13: Customizing Bulma Custom rules Because Bulma is written in Sass. Second font Bulma doesn’t have a second font family. The new control size will be re-used a few times. font-weight: 500. you can use all of the language’s features: • variables • nesting • mixins • extends You have already used new variables.
  height: $control-size. box-shadow: none. } } . } } 181 . . . . padding-left: 1em.is-multiple) { height: $control-size.75em.input.pagination-link { border-width: 0. } The controls with icons and the select dropdown have to accomodate for these bigger controls: .button.control.select select { &:not([multiple]) { padding-right: $control-size.icon { height: $control-size. . Custom rules $control-size: 2.pagination-next.select { &:not(. } } . padding-right: 1em. } .has-icons-left { .pagination-previous.select select.select select { padding-left: $control-size.input. . A few Bulma elements have to be updated at once: . width: $control-size. .
  is-outlined { border-width: 2px. The button borders have been removed. Change the button’s default background. CHAPTER 13: Customizing Bulma The use of a Sass variable is very useful here. labels.file-name { background-color: $white. } } The last controls to update are the file upload ones: . and make them bolder with uppercase letters: 182 . } Using the Rubik font The Rubik font is bold and modern. and interactive elements like buttons. but the outlined buttons still need one: . which makes it a perfect contender for titles. .file-cta. If you change your mind about the $control-size. you only need to update the value in one location.button { &. border-width: 0.
  05). use Rubik as well and remove the bor- ders: . 0. . background-color: rgba(#000.pagination-link { background-color: $white. } 183 .pagination { @extend %heading. } .button { @extend %heading. } The breadcrumb can follow the same rule: .breadcrumb { @extend %heading. min-width: $control-size. text-transform: uppercase. } To make the pagination items look like buttons. text-transform: uppercase. .pagination-next.pagination-previous. Custom rules . border-width: 0.
  you can style the menu list items and its icons very easily: . margin-right: 0. Instead of updating all HTML files.is-active { 184 .menu-label { display: none. just hide it with CSS: . } By using Sass nesting. But the menu still lacks emphasis. . Rubik in uppercase is the solution: .75em 1em.menu { @extend %heading. CHAPTER 13: Customizing Bulma Updating the sidebar menu The menu’s component variables have already been updated to make it grayscale. and doesn’t fit with the rest of the design anymore. } &.5em.icon { color: $grey-light. } The menu label is not really required anymore. text-transform: uppercase.menu-list { a { padding: 0.
  Fixing the navbar The $large-shadow introduced in the beginning has been used throughout the design.navbar-link { padding: 0. while bigger.5rem. . 185 . } } } } The new shadow.has-shadow { box-shadow: $large-shadow. The only shadow left is the navbar one.navbar { &. and gives emphasis to the active menu item. Update it with the new one: .navbar-item.icon { color: $red.75rem 1. } } The navbar has already been customized through Bulma’s component variables. is still subtle. but some additional spacing and sizing fixes need to be applied: . . Custom rules box-shadow: $large-shadow.
  looks flat compared to the rest of the interface.navbar-start { . Add a shadow and increase the font size: . Better tables The table. } } This brings all elements closer together.navbar-item { font-size: $size-5.table { box-shadow: $large-shadow.navbar-link { padding-right: 2. with its white background. al- though it’s where the primary content lives. } 186 .125rem. CHAPTER 13: Customizing Bulma } . } .navbar-item { line-height: 1.5em. font-size: 1. } . padding-left: 0.
  Since they tell the user on which page they are. some of its components are styled according to the viewport size. it’s better to emphasize them and provide a hierachy in the content: . 187 . because they only occur before or after certain breakpoints. Responsiveness with Bulma mixins Bold titles The last elements to update are the titles. text-transform: uppercase. Since Bulma is fully responsive. } Responsiveness with Bulma mixins The last design fixes required are harder to spot.title { font-weight: 700.title { @extend %heading. } h1.
  } } 188 .html combine four elements side by side: • 2 media-left • 1 media-content • 1 media-right This makes the components squashed on mobile screens. CHAPTER 13: Customizing Bulma Media The media items in dashboard. Instead.media-left { margin: 0 0 0. layout the four elements vertically: @include mobile() { .5rem. } .media { flex-direction: column.
  75rem 1. As a result. using this mixin instead of writing your own media query ensures that the responsiveness you write here is synchronized with Bulma’s own responsive behavior. .5rem.navbar-item { padding: 0.sass.icon { margin-right: 1em. It uses the $mobile variable breakpoint defined in initial-variables. Responsiveness with Bulma mixins The mobile() mixin comes from Bulma itself. The last task is to fix the navbar dropdown on desktop screens: @include desktop() { .navbar-dropdown . } } } 189 .
  Final Summary Thanks to being written in Sass. By overriding a few vari- ables. you can quickly turn the default design into your own branded one. Each component comes with its own set of variables. instead of importing the rest of Bulma. you can choose to import specific components individually. Adding your own personal touch is simply a matter of updating colors. adding some fonts. Lots of developers have used Bulma as a framework to build upon because it comes with sensible defaults that ensure a visually balanced and easy to understand interface. Bulma is also modular: with the same setup. Learn more about modularity. CHAPTER 13: Customizing Bulma The desktop() mixin also comes from Bulma and uses the $desktop variable. Bulma is very easy to customize. and tweaking the spacing. We hope you have enjoyed this book and are ready to implement Bulma in your own creations! 190 . Check out the Bulma Expo to get inspired.