Split (1)

train · 7.56M rows

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conversations listlengths 2 2
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.\nYou are given a sentence in Hebrew. Your job is to translate the Hebrew sentence into Farsi.\n\nזו סיבה אחת מדוע היא לא הפכה לגלובלית.\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "این اولین دلیل جهانی نشدن جنبش است." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.\nGiven a paragraph about movies, and a set of conversational question answers about the paragraph, generate a relevant question to the topic of the paragraph. The paragraph has the prefix 'CONTEXT:'. Each conversation question has a prefix `Q:` followed by the answer prefix `A:`.\nExample: CONTEXT: The balance of power had shifted considerably since the first set of quotes. King Joffrey is dead, and his younger brother Tommen is now king. Unlike his wild card of an elder brother, Tommen is gentler and more prone to manipulation by his new bride. The Lannisters impeccable image has also been shattered. They failed to prevent the assassination of their king in the midst of his own wedding day, and the suspected assassin is the king's Lannister uncle. Not only do they look incompetent, they are divided among themselves. On the other hand, the Tyrells' situation is much stronger now. Tommen is already wrapped around Margaery's pretty little finger, and she knows that the assassination was orchestrated in part by her own family. In Margaery's eyes, the Lannisters look disoriented and lost. Putting on a show trial for one of their own, whom she knows is innocent of any wrongdoing. Whatever power Cersei held over Margaery has now been diminished. <sep> Q: What was Margaery's motivation to call Cersei 'sister' again? A: Whatever power Cersei held over Margaery has now been diminished.\nOutput: Why has it been diminished?\nThe question is valid since it is on the same topic and a follow-up of the previous answer in the conversation. The question asks about the reason why the power held over Margaery by Cersei have diminished.\n\nNew input case for you: CONTEXT: Having seen the movie several times, I don't think anything was \"dragging\" the girl (Carina, possibly?) towards the Infinity Stone other than her own desire. She had just finished listening to Tanleer explain how powerful the stone is, and earlier in the movie we had seen how he verbally abuses her and forces her to do very menial and back-breaking work. She saw the stone as a possibility to escape. What you're interpreting as her being pulled toward the stone, I think, is actually her being very hesitant to touch it. Her own internal conflict between the need to escape her situation vs. her fear of the stone is what makes her take so long to try and grab it, but obviously, her desire to be free wins out. <sep> Q: What dragged the Collector's servant towards the Infinity Stone? A: She saw the stone as a possibility to escape \nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Why was she in a trance like state?" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you will be shown a passage. You need to write a fill-in-the-gap question based on your understanding of the events that might be inferred from the passage. Your question should be answerable based on the passage and only have one correct answer. Show the gap in your question with a _ .\n\nLet me give you an example: For four years we have waited expectantly for the pitter patter of tiny paws. Soon, that wait could finally be over. Tian Tian, the UK's only female giant panda, has conceived and could give birth to a cub as early as August. However Edinburgh Zoo, where the pandas live, have warned people 'not to get too excited' as the process is 'extremely complex'. Moreover, on the two previous occasions keepers inseminated Tian Tian - whose name means 'Sweetie' - she has failed to produce a panda cub. She was artificially inseminated again in March this year, but keepers at the zoo say implantation - when a fertilised egg attaches to the uterus - has not yet occurred.Tian Tian has conceived and could give birth to a cub as early as August. She has been inseminated twice before but so far failed to produce a cubTian Tian and Yang Guang arrived in 2011 from China to great fanfareOn loan at £600k a year, became first giant pandas to live in UK for 17 years\nThe answer to this example can be: Under the terms of the agreement any cubs will return to _ at the age of two, the age at which they would normally leave their mother in the wild.\nHere is why: This is a good example. Based on the passage you can answer this question.\n\nOK. solve this:\nWhile every aspiring actor dreams of Hollywood stardom, an A-list career doesn't always show up. For actors hovering somewhere between the big time and the dole queue, there is the comforting world of the British soap opera, where stars are guaranteed regular work and a spot in the nation's living room three times a week. If long-running series such as EastEnders, Coronation Street and Emmerdale have been a launchpad for many an acting career, it's also provided a safe haven for those looking to side-step from a different career or reinvigorate their public profile. Scroll down for video Gracing the cobbles: After first achieving fame with Girls Aloud, Sarah Harding has turned her hand to acting, signing up to appear in four episodes of Coronation StreetSarah Harding and Denise Van Outen are the latest big-name signings to agree to contracts with British soap operasThey join a long line of stars who've looked to soaps to boost their careersBarbara Windsor, Patsy Kensit and Danny Dyer all saw their profiles rise after taking to the small screen\nAnswer:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "_ and Denise aren't the only names to sign on the dotted line for soaps at an interesting stage in their careers." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you are given a context and four options. Each option is a suggested ending for the context. You should read the context and pick the best ending for the context. Please answer with \"A\", \"B\", \"C\", and \"D\". \n\nThere's a woman dressed in black playing billiards in front of some spectators. after she <sep> (A) knocks down 6 pins, a person comes and jack by. (B) finishes her game, she begins knocking down fifty and counts it. (C) 's done rolling the ball, she puts on a red shirt and grabs her purple racquet. (D) 's done another lady takes her turn and hits a few shots.\nD\n\nA small group of people are seen lifting a large object into the back of a van and close ups of them and a building. The people are seen riding around a large gymnasium on roller blades performing various flips and tricks. the boys <sep> (A) continue skating around and interacting with one another and performing impressive tricks. (B) continue riding around a sports stadium and performing tricks. (C) play the drums while riding around on bouncy chairs that run in a tight group. (D) ride around again in the end with more people watching on the side.\nA\n\n[header] How to sleep with carpal tunnel syndrome [title] Wear a brace. [step] One of the easiest things you can do to make sleeping easier if you have carpal tunnel syndrome is to wear a wrist brace to bed. This will prevent you from bending and flexing your wrist while you sleep. <sep> (A) Plastic wrist braces are also commonly worn for sleep. [substeps] You can find wrist bands at surgical facilities. (B) [substeps] You may want to wear a brace during the day as well, depending on what kinds of activities typically cause you pain. You can buy a brace at any drug store, or your doctor may suggest that you have a custom one made for you. (C) [substeps] Place the wrist brace over your wrist and secure it with a school strap on the wrist. Wrap a string or a binder clip around the wrist and secure it with a school strap on the wrist. (D) [substeps] If you don't want to take your wrist brace off after bed, you can use an arm brace instead. An arm brace is made of thin wire.\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "B\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Part 1. Definition\n In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether, as a result of the Head, PersonX may feel what is mentioned in the Tail or not. In this task, the feeling is an emotional reaction on the part of X or other participants in an event. For example, as a result of gift-giving, X might feel good about [one]self. Classify your answers into \"Yes\" and \"No\". The phrase may also contain \"___\", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action.\nPart 2. Example\nHead: PersonX arrives home<sep>Tail: satisfied\nAnswer: Yes\nExplanation: This is a good example. As a result of the Head, PersonX will feels satisfied.\nPart 3. Exercise\nHead: PersonX cooks bacon<sep>Tail: satisfied\nAnswer:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Yes" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you are given a sentence in the English and Japanese language. Your task is check if the Japanese sentence is translation of English. if the translation is correct than generate label \"Yes\", otherwise generate label \"No\".\n--------\nQuestion: English: The U.S. Supreme Court today ruled that Internet file sharing networks can be sued for copyright infringement. \n Japanese: センサーは、発射の後エンジン安全器を起動させるのに用いられる４つのうちの1つである。\n\nAnswer: No\n\n\nQuestion: English: Frederick Omiah, a member of the same society, believed the government's actions would \"make an already delicate and volatile situation worse\", expressing concern that demonstrations may continue in the capital Nairobi, amongst other locations. \n Japanese: 同じ協会のメンバーであるFrederickOmiahは、デモが他に場所がある中で首都ナイロビで続けられるかもしれないという懸念を表明して、政府の行動が”すでに扱いにくく不安定な状況をより悪くする”と信じていた。\n\nAnswer: Yes\n\n\nQuestion: English: The oldest newspaper group in Malaysia is owned by the Media Prima group, which is in turn owned by the United Malays National Organization, the leading party in the government. \n Japanese: そのマレーシア最古の新聞社は、MediaPrimaグループに所有されており、MediaPrimaグループは政府与党の統一マレー国民組織に所有されている。\n\nAnswer:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Yes\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given a sentence in English. Your job is to translate the English sentence into Galician.\n\nExample Input: It's a civil rights problem.\nExample Output: É un problema de dereitos civís.\n\nExample Input: So as we go in here, what we start to see, apply the physics engine again, we see what's one conversation is actually composed of many smaller ones.\nExample Output: En canto nos adentramos aquí, o que comezamos a ver, aplicade o mecanismo da física outra vez, vemos que unha conversa está formada realmente por moitas conversas máis pequenas.\n\nExample Input: And then there are just daily disasters that take place in these buildings, financial problems and mismanagement and equipment failures, and all kinds of things, and every time something like this happens, it means extinction. We lose diversity.\nExample Output:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "E despois están os sinistros cotiáns que acontecen neses edificios, problemas financeiros, mala xestión e fallos nos equipos, e todo tipo de problemas. E cada vez que algo así acontece, significa extinción. Perdemos diversidade.\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Q: You are given a sentence in Galician. Your job is to translate the Galician sentence into Hebrew.\nPois tiñan que ir e encontrar ás mulleres e conseguir que llo explicasen.\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "אז היה עליהם להגיע ולמצוא את הנשים ולקבל מהן את ההסבר." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a hateful post in Bengali that expresses hate or encourages violence towards a person or a group based on the protected characteristics such as race, religion, sex, and sexual orientation. You are expected to classify the post into two classes: personal or non-personal depending on the topic.\nProblem:ঐ বেডি তুর বুকে পশম আছেনি?\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "personal" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given a sentence in the Lao, provide an equivalent translation in Japanese that retains the same meaning through the translation. In translation, keep numbers as it is.\nExample: ອິຕາລີໄດ້ເສຍໃຫ້ປ໊ອກຕຸຍການ 31 ຕໍ່ 5 ໃນພູລ C ຂອງ ການແຂ່ງຂັນຣັກບີ້ລະດັບໂລກປີ 2007 ທີ່ ປາກເດແພຣັງ ປາຣີ ປະເທດຝຣັ່ງ.\nExample solution: フランスのパリ、パルク・デ・プランスで行われた2007年ラグビーワールドカップのプールCで、イタリアは31対5でポルトガルを下した。\nExample explanation: The Lao sentence is correctly converted into Japanese because the converted sentence holds the message that Italy defeated Portugal 31–5 in Pool C of the 2007 Rugby World Cup at the Parc des Princes in Paris, France. Also, translated sentence preserves the numbers as it is.\n\nProblem: ຄະນະກຳມະການໄດ້ເວົ້າວ່າ ບາງເຕັກນິກຂອງສະຫະລັດໄດ້ສົ່ງຜົນໃຫ້ເກີດຄວາມຕາຍ ໃຫ້ແກ່ນັກໂທດ ໃນເວລາຂະບວນການການສອບສວນ.\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Solution: 委員会はアメリカの尋問中に捕虜が死亡したこともあったと述べた。" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you are given a sentence in English, and your task is to translate it into Persian.\n\n;Eight threes,; the Trunchbull shouted, swinging Wilfred from side to side by his ankle, ;eight threes is the same as three eights and three eights are twenty four!" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "در همان حال که پسرک را سر و ته تاب می‌داد، فریاد کشید، هشت سه تا همان سه هشت تا است و سه هشت تا می‌شود بیست و چهار تا!" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "instruction:\nIn this task, you're given a statement, further information available on a particular linked term from the statement, and a question. Your job is to generate the answer to the question by using the information provided. If there is no clear answer obtainable, output 'none'.\nquestion:\nContext: On 1 January 1996, Manchester United were beaten 4–1 by Tottenham Hotspur and when Newcastle beat Bolton Wanderers 2-1 at home on 20 January 1996 they established what most presumed to be an insurmountable 12-point lead over their title rivals. Link Information: none Question: Which team had the better record between the Bolton Wanderers and the Tottenham Hotspur the year that Manchester United were beaten 4–1 by Tottenham Hotspur and when Newcastle beat Bolton Wanderers 2-1 at home?\nanswer:\nAnswer: none\n\n\nquestion:\nContext: Andrew Yarranton and Ambrose Crowley (a Stourbridge blacksmith and father of the more famous Sir Ambrose) visited Dresden in 1667 Link Information: Andrew Yarranton (1619–1684) Question: How old was Andrew Yarranton when he visited Dresden?\nanswer:\nAnswer: 17\n\n\nquestion:\nContext: he and his wife were ensnared Link Information: nd arrested by the Soviet secret police, the NKVD Question: What is the full name for the enforcement body that arrested Ottwalt and his wife?\nanswer:\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Answer: The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: Given a sentence in the Japanese, provide an equivalent translation in Bahasa Indonesia that retains the same meaning through the translation. In translation, keep numbers as it is.\nQ: それは、風速毎時１８０キロメートルのサイクロンが５月２日の夜、午後８時と真夜中の間のいつかミャンマーの南西海岸を横切ると警告した。\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Dalam buletin tersebut dicantumkan peringatan bahwa siklon dengan kecepatan angin 180 kilometer per jam akan melanda pantai tenggara Myanmar sewaktu-waktu antara pukul 8 malam hingga tengah malam pada tanggal 2 Mei malam." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you are given a sentence in the Romanian language. Your job is to translate the Romanian sentence into the English language.\n\n[Q]: Persoana feliază brânză.\n[A]: The person is slicing cheese.\n\n\n[Q]: United deja a achitat orașului penalități în valoare de 34 milioane de dolari deoarece nu a reușit să îndeplinească primul tur de obiective în ceea ce privește angajările.\n[A]: United already has paid the city $34 million in penalties for not meeting the first round of employment targets.\n\n\n[Q]: Un câine alb-negru ține un băț în gură.\n[A]:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A black and white dog is carrying a stick in its mouth.\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: Given a sentence in the Japanese and Lao language. Your task is check if the Lao sentence is translation of Japanese. if the translation is correct than generate label \"Yes\", otherwise generate label \"No\".\nQ: Japanese: モロッシア共和国の首都、エスペラで開催予定の会合の他に、ボー大統領は彼らを国内とその周辺地域を観光に連れていくつもりだ。 \n Lao: ອາການບາດເຈັບລວມເອົາຄວາມເສຍຫາຍຢ່າງຮຸນແຮງຂອງອະໄວຍະວະພາຍໃນ.\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "No" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you will be given a short story. One sentence from the story is chosen. Consider the likely emotions of the participants in the sentence and those affected by it. Is any of these emotions caused by the sentence? You should write your answer in the form \" A >Causes> B\". Try to use phrases and sentences from the story to compose your answer when possible. For the sentence describing the result, you must use the verb feel(s).\n\n[Q]: story: Jerry wanted to make some fresh lemonade. He had a recipe from his mother that she gave him a long time ago. After Jerry remembered the recipe he started to make the lemonade. To Jerry's surprise it was very easy! After he was done making his lemonade he sat down and enjoyed a glass.\n selected sentence: Jerry wanted to make some fresh lemonade.\n[A]: Jerry wants to make lemonade >Causes> Jerry feel(s) desire\n\n\n[Q]: story: Joey was excited that a new family was moving in next door. He took his basketball over when he saw there were two boys. The three kids went to the playground and played hoops for an hour. Joey invited them over for dinner since they hadn't unpacked boxes. The three boys became the best of friends that first day.\n selected sentence: Joey invited them over for dinner since they hadn't unpacked boxes.\n[A]: Joey invites his new neighbors to dinner >Causes> His new neighbors feel(s) welcome\n\n\n[Q]: story: Victor pushed his son's stroller. He then looked into the stroller to check on his son. He didn't see any child in there. He looked back at the car. The son was still in the car seat.\n selected sentence: He didn't see any child in there.\n[A]:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "He doesn't see any child in there >Causes> He feel(s) worried\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the task definition, example input & output, solve the new input case.\nIn this task, you are given a sentence in either Spanish or English. Your task is to determine the language of the input sentence. Input sentences can only be in Spanish or English, and they cannot be in two languages at the same time.\nExample: All of us here are pleased that the courts have acquitted him and made it clear that in Russia, too, access to environmental information is a constitutional right.\nOutput: English\nInput sentence is in English language.\n\nNew input case for you: We consequently accept this principle.\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "English" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given a sentence in Portuguese. Your job is to translate the Portuguese sentence into Japanese.\n\n[Q]: É diferente de ser tímido.\n[A]: これは内気とは違います内気というのは\n\n\n[Q]: WK: Sim.\n[A]: WK: でしょう\n\n\n[Q]: Tudo nos EUA é muito maior do que na Europa.\n[A]:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "アメリカは何事においてもヨーロッパより大きいですからね\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given news headlines, an edited word and funniness labels. The original sentence has word with the given format {word}. Create new headlines by replacing {word} in the original sentence with edit word. Your task is to generate answer \"Yes\" if an edited sentence matches funniness label, otherwise generate answer \"No\". \n--------\nQuestion: News Headline: Trump ’s {Moore} endorsement sunk the presidency to unplumbed depths \n Edit: mongoose \n Label: Not Funny\n\nAnswer: No\n\n\nQuestion: News Headline: U.S. launches dozens of missiles in response to {chemical} weapons attack \n Edit: marshmallow \n Label: Funny\n\nAnswer: Yes\n\n\nQuestion: News Headline: Suspected rebel-planted {mine} hits Yemeni ship , kills 2 \n Edit: milkshake \n Label: Not Funny\n\nAnswer:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "No\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a sentence in the Hindi language and a corresponding English translation of the Hindi sentence. Your task is to generate a label \"Yes\" if the translation is correct, otherwise generate label \"No\". In the translation, English sentence should preserve the number as it is and it should be in sentence case (capitalize only the first word of each sentence and noun).\nProblem:Hindi: इसपर भी उन्हें अपनी ओर से सर्वश्रेष्ठ टीम का चुनाव करना चाहिए और अपनी आलोचना का मुक़ाबला बहादुरी से करना चाहिए । \n English: During the Japanese occupation , the road construction programme received some attention .\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "No" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task your given a passage and a question in Catalan, you must answer the question based on the passage. The answer to the question can be extracted directly from the passage. The question will have a single correct answer. The answer will be a continuous span of text from the given passage. The correct answer will be short; it will not be more than a few words.\n\nQ: Passage: Solimà també va ser conegut per sustentar una sèrie de desenvolupaments arquitectònics monumentals en el seu imperi. Va intentar transformar Istanbul en el centre de la civilització islàmica amb una sèrie de projectes que incloïen ponts, mesquites, palaus i diferents edificis amb finalitats socials i de caritat. La major part van ser construïts pel principal arquitecte del sultà, Mimar Sinan, amb el qual l'arquitectura otomana va assolir el seu zenit. Sinan va ser el responsable de més de tres-cents monuments repartits per tot l'imperi, que inclouen les seves dues obres mestres, la mesquita de Solimà i la mesquita de Selim, aquesta darrera construïda a Edirne durant el regnat del fill de Solimà, Selim II. Solimà també va restaurar la Cúpula de la Roca a Jerusalem i els murs de la ciutat de Jerusalem, que actualment encara limiten la Ciutat Vella. També va renovar la Kaaba de la Meca i va construir un gran complex arquitectònic a Damasc.[46]\nQuestion: Quina ciutat pretenia Solimà que fos el centre de la civilització islàmica?\n\nA: Istanbul\n**\nQ: Passage: Un percentatge significatiu de les preses eren mascles, que a la primavera havien abandonat el seu cau i havien marxat a altres zones a la recerca de nous territoris per preparar-hi la temporada reproductiva estival. També queien preses dels visons rates mesqueres juvenils que no trobaven prou aliment al seu territori; en canvi, els exemplars adults ben alimentats només eren caçats rarament pels visons.[16] Per tant, es pot descriure la dinàmica de poblacions de les rates mesqueres com a dependent de la densitat. En condicions ambientals favorables, els rosegadors tenen una vida més o menys tranquil·la.\nQuestion: Com eren un percentatge significatiu de les preses?\n\nA: mascles\n\nQ: Passage: El tractament acurat dels detalls que fa Campin fa difícil poder diferenciar on acaba la simple realitat i on comença la simbologia. Un exemple són els petits lleons tallats al banc on es recolza Maria. Es pot suposar que formen part de la decoració d'un moble d'una estança benestant o com una iconografia del poder de Déu que situaria el banc com a Sedes sapientiae o tron de Salomó. Aquesta interpretació seria vàlida segons els místics que desitjaven veure a Maria com la «Reina del Cel», un ésser que estava al pensament de Déu des que Eva va cometre el pecat original. Però, de forma contrària, Maria ha estat presentada per les Escriptures com una donzella humil i senzilla, elegida per a ser la Mare de Déu precisament per aquesta discreció. Un perfil que s'assembla més al personatge que ens presenta el pintor, amb una Maria asseguda a terra, fora del banc, amb una vestimenta sense brodats ni pedreries –només un petit fistó–; i tota l'escena esdevé dins del saló d'una llar, no dins d'un temple com molts altres exemples d'aquest tema, fins i tot del mateix Campin.[19]\nQuestion: Què fa difícil diferenciar on acaba la realitat i on comença la simbologia en l'obra de Campin?\n\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "El tractament acurat dels detalls\n**\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.\nGiven a sentence in the Japanese, provide an equivalent translation in Bahasa Indonesia that retains the same meaning through the translation. In translation, keep numbers as it is.\n\n初め、気象庁は津波の深さが3フィート（1メートル）であると予測した。\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Pada mulanya Badan mengira kedalaman dari tsunami adalah 3 kaki (1 meter)." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.\nIn this task, you are given a sentence in English, and your task is to translate it into Persian.\n\nI heard enough of what she said to you last night to understand her unwillingness to be acting with a stranger;\nSolution: دیشب شنیدم به تو چه می‌گفت. فهمیدم که دوست ندارد با یک غریبه این نقش را بازی کند.\nWhy? This is a good example. The above sentence is correctly translated from English to Persian.\n\nNew input: don't tell him, and make Jo and Laurie hold their tongues.\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "چیزی به او نگو مادر، و جو و لاری را هم وادار کن تا زبانشان را نگه دارند." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: In this task, we have Spanish and Catalan tweets for automatic stance detection. The data has three labels Against, Favor, and Neutral which express the stance towards the target -independence of Catalonia. If the tweet criticizes the independence of Catalonia then it's 'Against' and if the tweets support it then it will be labeled as 'Favor' also if the tweets state information or news rather than stating opinion then it will be characterized as 'Neutral'.\nQ: Tweet: 📻 @toniroldanm \"Torra vol dinamitar la convivència per la via violenta. Hem demanat a Sánchez que apliqui el requeriment previ a l'article del 155. No podem tindre a un radical i fanàtic amb el control de la policia autonòmica\" @ElmatiaRadio4 https://t.co/wtqJmK7QIN\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Against" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Instructions: Given a sentence in the Sinhala language, translate it into the English language.\nInput: ප්‍රංශ පොලිස් පද්ධතිය, නැපෝලියානු යුද්ධ හා ප්‍රංශ යටත් විජිත අධිරාජ්‍යය හරහා අනෙකුත් රටවලට පැතිර ගියේය. \nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": " The French policing system spread to other countries through the napoleonic wars and the French Colonial Empire. " } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "instruction:\nYou are given a sentence in Arabic. Your job is to translate the Arabic sentence into English.\nquestion:\nالشيء الأخير الذي أريد أن أقوله بالنسبة لهذا ، وهو موقع جميل من الهند يسمى IPaidABribe.com.\nanswer:\nThe final thing I want to say is in relation to this one, which is a lovely website from India called IPaidABribe.com.\n\n\nquestion:\nلماذا نحن نرجسيون ؟\nanswer:\nWhy are we such narcissists?\n\n\nquestion:\nلقد حاربنا بقوة ضد الدكتاتورية في لحظة كان من الضروري بالنسبة لنا: إما الذهاب إلى فخها مع الأسلحة في متناول اليد أو مغادرة البرازيل. كنا صغار جداً ومنظمتنا أعتقدت أنه من الأفضل لنا أن نذهب إلى الخارج ولقد ذهبنا إلى فرنسا حيث حصلت على درجة الدكتوراة في الاقتصاد (ليليّ) أصحبت مهندسة معمارية.\nanswer:\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "We fought very hard against the dictatorship, in a moment it was necessary to us: Either go into clandestinity with weapons in hand, or leave Brazil. We were too young, and our organization thought it was better for us to go out, and we went to France, where I did a PhD in economics, Léila became an architect.\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Q: In this task, you are given a tuple, comprising Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether, as a result of the Head, PersonY or others will be affected as mentioned in the Tail or not. These effects are social actions that may occur after the Head event. For example, X may get hugged, and Y may blush in response. Classify your answers into \"Yes\" and \"No\". The phrase may also contain \"___\", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action.\nHead: PersonX asks ___ if PersonY could have one<sep>Tail: hesitant\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "No" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "This task is about creating an unanswerable question based on a given passage. Construct a question that looks relevant to the given context but is unanswerable. Following are a few suggestions about how to create unanswerable questions:\n(i) create questions which require satisfying a constraint that is not mentioned in the passage\n(ii) create questions which require information beyond what is provided in the passage in order to answer\n(iii) replace an existing entity, number, date mentioned in the passage with other entity, number, date and use it in the question\n(iv) create a question which is answerable from the passage and then replace one or two words by their antonyms or insert/remove negation words to make it unanswerable.\n\n[Q]: Passage: BSkyB utilises the VideoGuard pay-TV scrambling system owned by NDS, a Cisco Systems company. There are tight controls over use of VideoGuard decoders; they are not available as stand-alone DVB CAMs (conditional-access modules). BSkyB has design authority over all digital satellite receivers capable of receiving their service. The receivers, though designed and built by different manufacturers, must conform to the same user interface look-and-feel as all the others. This extends to the Personal video recorder (PVR) offering (branded Sky+).\n[A]: What is the name of the TV scrambling system BSkyB couldn't use?\n\n\n[Q]: Passage: The internal cavity forms: a mouth that can usually be closed by muscles; a pharynx (\"throat\"); a wider area in the center that acts as a stomach; and a system of internal canals. These branch through the mesoglea to the most active parts of the animal: the mouth and pharynx; the roots of the tentacles, if present; all along the underside of each comb row; and four branches round the sensory complex at the far end from the mouth – two of these four branches terminate in anal pores. The inner surface of the cavity is lined with an epithelium, the gastrodermis. The mouth and pharynx have both cilia and well-developed muscles. In other parts of the canal system, the gastrodermis is different on the sides nearest to and furthest from the organ that it supplies. The nearer side is composed of tall nutritive cells that store nutrients in vacuoles (internal compartments), germ cells that produce eggs or sperm, and photocytes that produce bioluminescence. The side furthest from the organ is covered with ciliated cells that circulate water through the canals, punctuated by ciliary rosettes, pores that are surrounded by double whorls of cilia and connect to the mesoglea.\n[A]: What are the tentacles lined with?\n\n\n[Q]: Passage: On 8 June 1856, the next settlement began on Norfolk Island. These were the descendants of Tahitians and the HMS Bounty mutineers, including those of Fletcher Christian. They resettled from the Pitcairn Islands, which had become too small for their growing population. On 3 May 1856, 193 persons left Pitcairn Islands aboard the \"Morayshire\". On 8 June 194 persons arrived, a baby having been born in transit. The Pitcairners occupied many of the buildings remaining from the penal settlements, and gradually established traditional farming and whaling industries on the island. Although some families decided to return to Pitcairn in 1858 and 1863, the island's population continued to grow. They accepted additional settlers, who often arrived with whaling fleets.\n[A]:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Who were the next settlement of people on Norfolk Island restricted from?\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given a sentence in Japanese. Your job is to translate the Japanese sentence into Hebrew.\nQ: 面白いことに私たちはダーウィンの説く形状的進化の連続性は受け入れてきたのですが\nA: " }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "כעת, זה מעניין, משום שאימצנו את התפיסה הדרוויניסטית של המשכיות באבולוציה פיזית, המשכיות פיזית זו." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "instruction:\nIn this task, you are given Wikipedia articles on a range of topics as passages and a question from the passage. We ask you to answer the question by classifying the answer as 0 (False) or 1 (True)\nquestion:\nPassage: Melting point -- For most substances, melting and freezing points are approximately equal. For example, the melting point and freezing point of mercury is 234.32 kelvins (−38.83 °C or −37.89 °F). However, certain substances possess differing solid-liquid transition temperatures. For example, agar melts at 85 °C (185 °F) and solidifies from 31 °C (88 °F; 304 K); such direction dependence is known as hysteresis. The melting point of ice at 1 atmosphere of pressure is very close to 0 °C (32 °F; 273 K); this is also known as the ice point. In the presence of nucleating substances, the freezing point of water is not always the same as the melting point. In the absence of nucleators water can exist as a supercooled liquid down to −48.3 °C (−55°F, 224.8 K) before freezing. The chemical element with the highest melting point is tungsten, at 3,414 °C (6,177 °F; 3,687 K); this property makes tungsten excellent for use as filaments in light bulbs. The often-cited carbon does not melt at ambient pressure but sublimes at about 3,726.85 °C (6,740.33 °F; 4,000.00 K); a liquid phase only exists above pressures of 10 MPa (99 atm) and estimated 4,030--4,430 °C (7,290--8,010 °F; 4,300--4,700 K) (see carbon phase diagram). Tantalum hafnium carbide (TaHfC) is a refractory compound with a very high melting point of 4215 K (3942 °C, 7128 °F). At the other end of the scale, helium does not freeze at all at normal pressure even at temperatures close to absolute zero; pressure greater than twenty times of atmosphere of normal one is necessary.\nQuestion: will the melting and freezing point of any pure substance be the same\nanswer:\n0\n\n\nquestion:\nPassage: German Shepherd -- The German Shepherd (German: Deutscher Schäferhund, German pronunciation: (ˈʃɛːfɐˌhʊnt)) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany. The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as GSD). The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland. The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899. As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep. Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting. The German Shepherd is the second-most registered breed by the American Kennel Club and seventh-most registered breed by The Kennel Club in the United Kingdom.\nQuestion: is there a difference between alsatians and german shepherds\nanswer:\n0\n\n\nquestion:\nPassage: Book of Leviticus -- The Book of Leviticus (/lɪˈvɪtɪkəs/) is the third book of the Torah and of the Old Testament. Most of its chapters (1--7, 11--27) consist of God's speeches to Moses, in which he is commanded to repeat to the Israelites. This takes place within the story of the Israelites' Exodus after they escaped Egypt and reached Mt. Sinai (Exodus 19:1). The Book of Exodus narrates how Moses led the Israelites in building the Tabernacle (Exodus 35--40) based on God's instructions (Exodus 25--31). Then in Leviticus, God tells the Israelites and their priests how to make offerings in the Tabernacle and how to conduct themselves while camped around the holy tent sanctuary. Leviticus takes place during the month or month-and-a-half between the completion of the Tabernacle (Exodus 40:17) and the Israelites' departure from Sinai (Numbers 1:1, 10:11).\nQuestion: is the book of leviticus in the new testament\nanswer:\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "0\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether, as a result of the Head, PersonX wants what is mentioned in the Tail or not. In this task, wanting is a postcondition desire on the part of PersonX, respectively. As a result of PersonX giving PersonY gifts, PersonX may also desire to hug PersonY. Classify your answers into \"Yes\" and \"No\". The phrase may also contain \"___\", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action.\nExample: Head: PersonX arranges a date<sep>Tail: to find a nice restaurant.\nExample solution: Yes\nExample explanation: This is a good example. As a result of the Head, PersonX wants to find a nice restaurant.\n\nProblem: Head: PersonX becomes PersonY's wife<sep>Tail: go on honeymoon\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Solution: Yes" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "A text is given in Gujarati. Translate it from the Gujarati language to the Telugu language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.\nOne example: મંત્રીમંડળનાં આ નિર્ણયનો લાભ કેન્દ્ર સરકારનાં આશરે 48\nSolution is here: క్యాబినెట్ల ఈ నిర్ణయం యొక్క ప్రయోజనం కేంద్ర ప్రభుత్వానికి సుమారు 48\nExplanation: Correct translation for given sentence. Input sentence means 'The advantage of this decision of the cabinets is approximately 48 of the central government' which is the same as the output sentence.\n\nNow, solve this: આ એમઓયુનાં અમલ પર નજર રાખવા અને સમજૂતી અંતર્ગત અન્ય વિગતો માટે સંયુક્ત કાર્ય જૂથ સ્થાપિત કરવામાં આવશે.\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "ఈ ఎమ్ఒయు అమలును పర్యవేహక్షించేందుకు మరియు సహకారానికి సంబంధించిన వివరాలను విస్తరింపచేయడానికి ఒక సంయుక్త కార్యాచరణ బృందాన్ని ఏర్పాటు చేస్తారు." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the task definition and input, reply with output. You are given a sentence in Hebrew. Your job is to translate the Hebrew sentence into Arabic.\n\nלמעשה, רוב המושתלים מתקשים נורא ומתעבים מוזיקה כי היא נשמעת להם כלכך גרוע.\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "في الواقع, معظم من خضع للزراعة يعانون ويكرهون الموسيقى لأنها تبدو لهم سيئة جدا." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.\nGiven a sentence in the Lao, provide an equivalent translation in Japanese that retains the same meaning through the translation. In translation, keep numbers as it is.\n\nອິຕາລີໄດ້ເສຍໃຫ້ປ໊ອກຕຸຍການ 31 ຕໍ່ 5 ໃນພູລ C ຂອງ ການແຂ່ງຂັນຣັກບີ້ລະດັບໂລກປີ 2007 ທີ່ ປາກເດແພຣັງ ປາຣີ ປະເທດຝຣັ່ງ.\nSolution: フランスのパリ、パルク・デ・プランスで行われた2007年ラグビーワールドカップのプールCで、イタリアは31対5でポルトガルを下した。\nWhy? The Lao sentence is correctly converted into Japanese because the converted sentence holds the message that Italy defeated Portugal 31–5 in Pool C of the 2007 Rugby World Cup at the Parc des Princes in Paris, France. Also, translated sentence preserves the numbers as it is.\n\nNew input: ອີງຕາມ ເລວິສ ພີອາ ຄອມພິວເຕີ້ ແມ່ນເປັນເຄືອຂ່າຍຫລັກຂອງກະຊວງປ້ອງກັນປະເທດ ໄດ້ຖືກຫ້າມບໍ່ໃຫ້ເຂົ້ານໍາໃຊ້ເວັບໄຊທາງສັງຄົມ.\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "ルイスPRによると、国防省の主要なネットワークの上のコンピュータは、ソーシャル・ネットワーキング・サイトにアクセスするのをブロックされる。" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Translate from English to Hindi.\n\n[Q]: Red?\n[A]: रेड?\n\n\n[Q]: About six months left to go,\n[A]: निकलने को छह महीने बचे थे,\n\n\n[Q]: Where was it stolen?\n[A]:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "कहाँ से चोरी हुई?\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Teacher: A text is given in Hindi. Translate it from the Hindi language to the Oriya language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.\nTeacher: Now, understand the problem? If you are still confused, see the following example:\nଏହି ପ୍ରସଙ୍ଗରେ ନୀତି ପ୍ରଣୟନ ସମୟରେ ଉଚ୍ଚସ୍ତରୀୟ କମିଟିର ସୁପାରିସଗୁଡ଼ିକୁ ପେଟ୍ରୋଲିୟମ ଏବଂ ପ୍ରାକୃତିକ ବାଷ୍ପ ମନ୍ତ୍ରଣାଳୟ ବିବେଚନା କରିବ ବୋଲି ସୂଚନା ମିଳିଛି ।\nSolution: इस घटना की जानकारी को निजी समिति को जानकारी के रूप में पाया गया है, उच्च स्तरीय समिति की सिफारिश प्राप्त की जाएगी।\nReason: Correct translation for given sentence. Input sentence means 'The information in this event have been found private committeeers as information, the recommendation of the high-level committee will have been obtained.' which is the same as the output sentence.\n\nNow, solve this instance: ଇଦୁଲ ଫିତର ଅବସରରେ ରାଷ୍ଟ୍ରପତି ଶ୍ରୀ ରାମ ନାଥ କୋବିନ୍ଦ ଦେଶବାସୀଙ୍କୁ ଶୁଭେଚ୍ଛା ଜଣାଇଛନ୍ତି ।\nStudent:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "प्रधानमंत्री ने कहा कि पंक्ति में अंतिम स्थान पर खड़े लोगों की पहचान करना अहम है जिससे कि अभिशासन के लाभ उन तक पहुंच सकें।" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "instruction:\nThis task is about translating a given French language sentence to English.\nquestion:\nCe doit être reconnu dans le coeur, et instantanément, la pression, la peur de l'échec, la pression pour réussir, tout cela disparait puisque totalement illusoire.\nanswer:\nIt has to be recognized in the heart, and immediately the pressure, the fear of failure, the pressure to succeed, all of this drops away as totally illusory.\n\n\nquestion:\n'Les Acieries grecques' disposent de deux usines, l' une à Aspropyrgos et l' autre à Volos.\nanswer:\nThe Volos trade union immediately accepted the company's demands.\n\n\nquestion:\nC'est pour cette société d'architecture dont je crois t'avoir parlé.\nanswer:\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "It's for that architecture firm I think I told you about.\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.\nYou are given a sentence in English. Your job is to translate the English sentence into Persian.\n\nIt is my belief that to create these rare game changers requires you to pull off at least five miracles.\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "من بر این عقیده ‌ ام که برای ایجاد این تغییر دهنده بازی نادر حداقل به پنج معجزه شما نیاز دارید." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Teacher:You are given a sentence in Italian. Your job is to translate the Italian sentence into Polish.\nTeacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: Ma siamo in un mondo nuovo adesso. Siamo in un mondo completamente nuovo.\nStudent:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Ale żyjemy teraz w zupełnie nowym świecie. Zupełnie nowym." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Teacher:You are given a sentence in Hebrew. Your job is to translate the Hebrew sentence into Polish.\nTeacher: Now, understand the problem? Solve this instance: מכיוון שכאשר אנשים כולם חולקים את אותם ערכים, כאשר אנשים חולקים כולם את אותה מוסריות, הם הופכים לקבוצה, וכאשר נכנסים לפסיכולוגיה של קבוצות, זה סותם את הגולל על פתיחות מחשבתית.\nStudent:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Bo gdy ludzie podzielają wartości i zasady moralne, stają się grupą, a kiedy zaczyna działać psychologia grup, zamyka się otwarte myślenie." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "A text is given in Telugu. Translate it from the Telugu language to the Urdu language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.\n\nQ: 26 علی پور روڈ پر واقع ڈاکٹر امبیڈکر مہا پَری نِروان استھل کو دسمبر 2003 میں اُس وقت کے وزیراعظم جناب اٹل بہاری واجپئی کے ذریعے ملک و قوم کے نام وقف کیا گیا تھا۔ وزیراعظم نریندر مودی نے 21مارچ 2016 کو اِس میموریل کی تعمیر کے لئے سنگ بنیاد رکھا تھا۔ آئین ہند کے معمار بابا صاحب امبیڈکر کے اِس میموریل کو کتاب کی شکل میں تعمیر کیاگیا ہے۔\n\nA: ఈ స్మార‌కం లోని గ్రంథాల‌యం స్టాటిక్ మీడియా, డైన‌మిక్ మీడియా, ఆడియో-విజువల్ కంటెంట్ తో పాటు మ‌ల్టి మీడియా టెక్నాలజీలను విరివిగా వినియోగించుకొంటూ డాక్ట‌ర్ ఆంబేడ్ కర్ యొక్క జీవ‌న ఘట్టాలను మ‌రియు భార‌త‌దేశానికి ఆయ‌న అందించిన‌టువంటి తోడ్పాటు ను కళ్లకు కడుతుంది.\n**\nQ: پربل چکرورتی\n\nA: ప్రబల్ చక్రబర్తి\n\nQ: اس مفاہمت نامے کا مقصد دونوں ملکوں کے درمیان سڑک ٹرانسپورٹیشن ، سڑکوں شاہراہوں کے بنیادی ڈھانچے کی ترقی، بندوبست، انتظامیہ، سڑک کے تحفظ اور انٹلی جنٹ ٹرانسپورٹ نظام کے شعبے میں باہمی تعاون کے لئے ایک مؤثر فریم ورک تشکیل دینا ہے۔\n\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "ర‌హ‌దారి సంబంధిత మౌలిక స‌దుపాయాల క‌ల్ప‌న రంగం లో సాంకేతిక విజ్ఞాన స‌హ‌కారం అంశం పై భార‌త ప్ర‌భుత్వ రోడ్ ట్రాన్స్ పోర్ట్ & హైవేస్ మంత్రిత్వ శాఖ కు, ఆస్ట్రియా ప్ర‌భుత్వ ర‌వాణా, నూత‌న ఆవిష్క‌ర‌ణ మ‌రియు సాంకేతిక విజ్ఞాన మంత్రిత్వ శాఖ కు మ‌ధ్య అవ‌గాహ‌న పూర్వ‌క ఒప్పంద ప‌త్రం (ఎంఒయు) పై సంత‌కాల‌ కు ప్ర‌ధాన మంత్రి శ్రీ న‌రేంద్ర మోదీ అధ్యక్ష‌త న జ‌రిగిన కేంద్ర మంత్రివ‌ర్గ స‌మావేశం ఆమోదం తెలిపింది.\n**\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Part 1. Definition\nIn this task, you will be shown a prompt from a judicial decision and multiple holding statements derived from citations following text in a legal decision. Holdings represent the governing legal rule when the law is applied to a particular set of facts. There are five answer choices for each citing text. The correct answer is the holding statement that corresponds to the citing text. The four incorrect answers are other holding statements. You should find the correct option. There is a <HOLDING> token in the position of the citing text prompt where the holding statement was extracted.\nPart 2. Example\nDrapeau’s cohorts, the cohort would be a “victim” of making the bomb. Further, firebombs are inherently dangerous. There is no peaceful purpose for making a bomb. Felony offenses that involve explosives qualify as “violent crimes” for purposes of enhancing the sentences of career offenders. See 18 U.S.C. § 924(e)(2)(B)(ii) (defining a “violent felony” as: “any crime punishable by imprisonment for a term exceeding one year ... that ... involves use of explosives”). Courts have found possession of a'bomb to be a crime of violence based on the lack of a nonviolent purpose for a bomb and the fact that, by its very nature, there is a substantial risk that the bomb would be used against the person or property of another. See United States v. Newman, 125 F.3d 863 (10th Cir.1997) (unpublished) (<HOLDING>); United States v. Dodge, 846 F.Supp. 181,, Holding statements: (A) holding that possession of a pipe bomb is a crime of violence for purposes of 18 usc 3142f1 (B) holding that bank robbery by force and violence or intimidation under 18 usc 2113a is a crime of violence (C) holding that sexual assault of a child qualified as crime of violence under 18 usc 16 (D) holding for the purposes of 18 usc 924e that being a felon in possession of a firearm is not a violent felony as defined in 18 usc 924e2b (E) holding that a court must only look to the statutory definition not the underlying circumstances of the crime to determine whether a given offense is by its nature a crime of violence for purposes of 18 usc 16\nAnswer: (A)\nExplanation: It's a good example. Based on the given prompt, option (A) is correct.\nPart 3. Exercise\nthe application portion of the charge, it did not include them in the abstract portion of the charge setting forth the substantive law of indecency with a child. Moreover, the charge included the required specific intent to arouse or gratify in the application portion, along with the erroneous “intentionally and knowingly” language. The charge also correctly addressed extraneous offense evidence, the indictment, statements of the court and of counsel, the presumption of innocence, the credibility of witnesses and weight to be given their testimony, and the burden of proof. Consequently, within the context of the entire jury charge, the erroneous application paragraph appears less harmful. See id.; see also Fulcher v. State, 274 S.W.3d 713, 718-19 (Tex.App.-San Antonio 2008, pet. ref'd) (<HOLDING>). Regarding the state of the evidence, the \n Holding statements: (A) holding that charge error that allowed jury to convict appellant for an unindicted offense caused egregious harm (B) holding that sentencing error did not affect defendants substantial rights because error did not result in longer term of imprisonment (C) holding that error in omitting requisite mental state from application paragraph of charge did not result in egregious harm (D) holding charge error which authorized jury to convict without finding every requisite element of the offense beyond a reasonable doubt was egregious based on the entirety of the charge the contested evidence and the arguments of counsel (E) holding jury charge error consisting of disjunctive submission of three separate sexual assault offenses without unanimity instruction caused egregious harm to defendant\nAnswer:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "(C)" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given a sentence in Hebrew. Your job is to translate the Hebrew sentence into Galician.\n\nInput: Consider Input: וכך כולם משתמשים במולקולה הזו עבור תקשורת בין-מינית.\n\nOutput: Todas usan esta molécula para comunicarse entre especies.\n\n\nInput: Consider Input: אבל הם גם ידועות לשמצה בתופעות הלוואי שלהן, אבל בעיקר רעות, בגלל שהן מדוללות עד הזמן שהן מגיעות לדם, וגרוע יותר, עד הזמן שהן מגיעות למקומות בהן הן משנות הכי הרבה: לתוך מאגרי וירוס ה HIV.\n\nOutput: Pero tamén son coñecidas polos seus efectos secundarios adversos na súa maioría malos porque se dilúen cando chegan ao sangue e peor aínda, cando cheguen ao lugar onde máis importa: nas reservas virales do VIH.\n\n\nInput: Consider Input: (מחיאות כפיים) תמונה זו, של שלושה גברים הלובשים מסכות גז צולמה במקור בצ 'רנוביל, והדבקתי אותה בדרום איטליה, היכן שהמאפיה קוברת לעיתים את האשפה תחת הקרקע.\n\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Output: (Aplausos) Esta imaxe de tres homes con máscaras de gas foi tomada orixinalmente en Chernobyl, e pegueina no Sur da Italia, onde as veces a mafia enterra o lixo baixo o chan.\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: In this task, you are given a tuple, comprising Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether, as a result of the Head, PersonY or others will be affected as mentioned in the Tail or not. These effects are social actions that may occur after the Head event. For example, X may get hugged, and Y may blush in response. Classify your answers into \"Yes\" and \"No\". The phrase may also contain \"___\", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action.\nProblem:Head: PersonX accepts happily<sep>Tail: to throw a party\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "No" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given a sentence in Portuguese. Your job is to translate the Portuguese sentence into Farsi.\n\nInput: Consider Input: Mas, logo que uns ténis saem do mercado de retalho,\n\nOutput: اما به محضی که یک جفت از کانال خرده فروشی خارج شد ، غرب وحشی بپا می ‎ شود.\n\n\nInput: Consider Input: Em 2013, fizemos o primeiro teste de um carro autónomo em que deixámos pessoas vulgares usá-lo.\n\nOutput: در سال ۲۰۱۳ ، اولین آزمایش یک خودرو خودران انجام شد و اجازه دادیم مردم عادی از اون استفاده کنند.\n\n\nInput: Consider Input: Fiquei sem poder respirar.\n\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Output: جوری که نفسم بالا نمی اومد.\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given a sentence in Japanese. Your job is to translate the Japanese sentence into Arabic.\nQ: ここまで愛と恋愛関係においてどのように数学が役立ちうるか３つの秘訣をお伝えしました\nA: " }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "إذن ، فتلك نصائحي الثلاثة المفضلة لكيف يمكن للرياضيات أن يساعدك على إيجاد الحب والعلاقات الحميمية." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Part 1. Definition\nYou will be given a context and a question in Spanish. Your job is to generate answers that are at least THREE words long.\n The answers need to be context specific and can not be general knowledge or a random guess.\nPart 2. Example\nCONTEXT: La historia de Japón (日本の歴史 o 日本史, Nihon no rekishi / Nihonshi?) es la sucesión de hechos acontecidos dentro del archipiélago japonés. Algunos de estos hechos aparecen aislados e influenciados por la naturaleza geográfica de Japón como nación insular, en tanto que otra serie de hechos, obedece a influencias foráneas como en el caso del Imperio chino, el cual definió su idioma, su escritura y, también, su cultura política. Asimismo, otra de las influencias foráneas fue la de origen occidental, lo que convirtió al país en una nación industrial, ejerciendo con ello una esfera de influencia y una expansión territorial sobre el área del Pacífico. No obstante, dicho expansionismo se detuvo tras la Segunda Guerra Mundial y el país se posicionó en un esquema de nación industrial con vínculos a su tradición cultural.\nQUESTION: Â¿CuÃ¡ndo se detuvo el expansionismo de JapÃ³n?\nAnswer: tras la Segunda Guerra Mundial\nExplanation: The answer is more than 3 words and it is taken from the context provided. Also, the answer is precise indicating the time without duration as mentioned in the context.\nPart 3. Exercise\nCONTEXT: 8 de enero de 2015 Este jueves se informó que el Comité Olímpico Estadounidense (USOC, por sus siglas en inglés) seleccionó a Boston, Massachusetts, como su ciudad candidata a los Juegos Olímpicos de Verano de 2024. Así, Boston se impuso a Los Ángeles (dos veces olímpica), San Francisco y Washington en la selección interna. \"Estamos emocionados por nuestros planes de presentar una candidatura a los Juegos del 2024 y sentimos que tenemos a un socio increíblemente fuerte en Boston que trabajará con nosotros para presentar una postulación atractiva\", destacó en comunicado el presidente del USOC, Larry Probst. Boston competirá contra Roma y una ciudad alemana, Berlín o Hamburgo, quienes hasta ahora han expresado sus intenciones de competir por la sede olímpica. Las dos últimas candidaturas estadounidenses (Nueva York 2012 y Chicago 2016) tuvieron malos resultados. La propuesta de Boston ante el USOC se centró en un plan de gastos moderados y en la capacidad de aprovechar las más de 100 universidades localizadas en el área para realizar algunas pruebas y albergar a atletas. Asimismo, la ciudad destacó la posibilidad de realizar el evento olímpico con tecnología avanzada. Además de que el 70% de sedes serían de carácter temporal. Se espera que Estambul, París, Doha y alguna ciudad africana también compitan en la carrera olímpica. Será en septiembre cuando finalice el periodo de presentación de candidaturas, con lo que el Comité Olímpico Internacional (COI) dará inicio oficial al Proceso de Candidatura 2024. Dos años después, los miembros del COI seleccionarán la ciudad sede de los Juegos.\nQUESTION: ¿Quién es Larry Probst?\nAnswer:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "el presidente del USOC" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you are given a sentence in the Gujarati language and your task is to convert Gujarati sentence into the English language.\n\nગ્રીન ટ્રાફિક લાઇટ પાર્કિંગની નજીક અને સફેદ બિલ્ડિંગની નજીક આવેલું છે." }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "A green traffic light sits near a parking lot and a white building." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.\nTranslate from Hindi to English such that it preserves the original meaning Perform complete translation (partially translated sentences are considered incorrect).\n\nइस घर में ये बात मत करो.\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Do not ever talk about it in this house." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the task definition and input, reply with output. You are given a context, a pronoun, and a noun in this task. The given pronoun is shown in the context within parentheses. You should determine if the pronoun refers to the given noun or not. Please answer with \"True\" and \"False\".\n\nEvery day after dinner Mr. Schmidt took a long nap. Mark would let him sleep for an hour, then wake him up, scold him, and get him to work. (He) needed to get him to finish his work, because his work was beautiful <sep> Pronoun:He <sep> Noun: Mark\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "True" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Q: You are given a sentence in Portuguese. Your job is to translate the Portuguese sentence into Japanese.\nQual é a sua opinião quanto ao corte de 70% para 2070?\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "2070年に70 ％の排出量削減という数字をどう思いますか" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Write a fact related to the given fact, based on the given topic word. Note that, your fact should have at least one word in common with the given fact. All facts in this task refer to scientific facts. Your related fact must form a chain with the given fact. Chains form when two facts connect together to produce the third fact. An example of a chain is: \"pesticides cause pollution\" (given fact) + \"pollution can harm animals\" (related fact) → \"pesticides can harm animals\" (connected chain). Avoid creating simple paraphrases of the given fact. While your generated fact should be related to the input fact, they must describe slightly different scientific phenomena. It's okay if your related fact includes some irrelevant information, provided that it has some overlap with the given fact and it contains some words corresponding to the provided topic.\nQ: Fact: Cells have multiple repair mechanisms to fix mutations in DNA. \nTopic: mutations.\nA: " }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Genetic Mutations Genetic mutations occur frequently." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Compose a new way to ask the same question. The new question must be asking the exact same thing as the original question does. Without any other information, you should be able to tell that the original question and the new question are the same. Preserve bracketed phrases in your new question. You can change the rest of the question provided the above requirements are satisfied. The new question must have a natural, fluent formulation, as if it were composed by a native English speaker. You will be given three pieces of information to help you create better questions. Those are: \"Answer\": the answer to the question, e.g., \"Honolulu\". \"Answer Type\": the type of the answer, e.g., \"Location\". \"Auxiliary Information\" is a detailed description of some concepts mentioned in the question, if any.\n\nEx Input:\noriginal question: Who did the [Porcelain Tour]?\nanswer: matt cardle\nanswer type: Musical Artist.\nauxiliary information: The Porcelain Tour was a 19 date concert tour by Matt Cardle in support of his 2013 album Porcelain. It took place over Ireland and the UK through April 2014, ending in Telford on 25 April.\n\nEx Output:\nThe [Porcelain Tour] was held by who?\n\n\nEx Input:\noriginal question: What subatomic particle is part of the same family of particles as the [Strange quark]?\nanswer: down antiquark, up antiquark, bottom quark...\nanswer type: Subatomic particle.\nauxiliary information: The strange quark or s quark is the third-lightest of all quarks, a type of elementary particle. Strange quarks are found in subatomic particles called hadrons. Example of hadrons containing strange quarks include kaons, strange D mesons, Sigma baryons, and other strange particles. Along with the charm quark, it is part of the second generation of matter, and has an electric charge of ‚àí¬π‚ÅÑ‚ÇÉ e and a bare mass of 95+5 ‚àí5 MeV/c¬≤. Like all quarks, the strange quark is an elementary fermion with spin-¬π‚ÅÑ‚ÇÇ, and experiences all four fundamental interactions: gravitation, electromagnetism, weak interactions, and strong interactions. The antiparticle of the strange quark is the strange antiquark, which differs from it only in that some of its properties have equal magnitude but opposite sign. The first strange particle was discovered in 1947, but the existence of the strange quark itself was only postulated in 1964 by Murray Gell-Mann and George Zweig to explain the Eightfold Way classification scheme of hadrons. The first evidence for the existence of quarks came in 1968, in deep inelastic scattering experiments at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center.\n\nEx Output:\n[Strange quark] is in the same family of particles as which subatomic particle?\n\n\nEx Input:\noriginal question: Which football player plays the [Forward] position(s)?\nanswer: gonzalo pavone, ahmed gaafar, null...\nanswer type: Football player.\nauxiliary information: Forwards are the players on an association football team who play nearest to the opposing team's goal, and are therefore most responsible for scoring goals. Their advanced position and limited defensive responsibilities mean forwards normally score more goals on behalf of their team than other players. Modern team formations generally include one to three forwards; for example, the common 4‚Äì2‚Äì3‚Äì1 formation includes one forward. Unconventional formations may include more than three forwards, or none.\n\nEx Output:\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The [Forward] position(s) are played by which football player?\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given Yelp reviews. The task is to classify a review as \"POSITIVE\" if the overall sentiment of the review is positive or as \"NEGATIVE\" if the overall sentiment of the review is negative.\nPROBLEM: Been going to this spot for a few years now. It's always a good place to eat. It's small and the selection is really good. The \\\"\"all you can eat\\\"\" covers pretty much the whole menu, which is a plus. \\n\\nThe wait staff is fantastic. The place is clean and the prices are just right. Top it off with it just being down the street from home and that's a win-win. If it's not too busy, the chefs can make you some really nice 'off-the-menu' items...very much like the secret menu at In-and-Out.\\n\\nOne thing to note though, on a trip to the bathroom, I did hear one of the new chefs just totally berating the staff and being an uber douchebag. From what i found, he's not even a senior guy...he's a new guy barely there a month and already acting like he owns the place. \\n\\nDEAR OWNER: keep your eye on this guy. I'd hate for your place to start getting that unhappy vibe if the wait staff is under oppression by a tyrant sushi chef. Otherwise, keep up the good work. Business all around are shutting down and you guys are going strong. I'm a loyal customer. See on the next round....\n\nSOLUTION: POSITIVE\n\nPROBLEM: Ok, so I went here on a Saturday morning last weekend and it was awful. I loved that it was tucked away and had ample parking even though the lot was pretty full. I was seated right away. I ordered the cinnamon sugar french toast even after having my doubts from seeing it brought out to someone else. Ugh I hate when I don't go with my gut instinct against something!! It wasn't soaked with the batter all the way through so it was like dry bread on the inside. There wasn't enough cinnamon either. Not sure why it is allowed to carry that name or be on their favorites list! There was plenty to eat though, so if you don't require flavor, it will be filling.\\nI began talking to a couple sitting next to me during the meal and they too were out hunting for a good breakfast in the east valley. He ordered a skillet. It didn't come out in a skillet and it was more like a stew than a skillet. It was so wet and disgusting. I hadn't gotten to her before they ordered so she had the french toast as well and it was just a bland for her. She covered hers in syrup and said it was much better that way but I believe if a steak is good you don't add A1 and if a pancake, french toast or waffle is good it doesn't need it either!! Not sure why everyone else had such a great experience here! Probably just all of my bad luck!\n\nSOLUTION: NEGATIVE\n\nPROBLEM: I really wanted to like this place cause it's close to home, nice people and small biz. But now on 2 visits I cant say that I particularly do. Ribeye and steak Salad were ok, nothing special. Buffalo Chix wrap was gross. Buff sauce was way salty and overpowering. I couldnt finish it. Good fries. Nice service. but I dont think I will be back unfortunately.\n\nSOLUTION:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "NEGATIVE\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether the Head is used for the Tail or not. The usage describes everyday affordances or uses of objects and includes both typical and atypical uses. For example, a popcorn bucket can typically be used to hold popcorn, but it could also serve as a hat in atypical situations. Classify your answers into \"Yes\" and \"No\". The phrase may also contain \"___\", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action.\n\nExample input: Head: basket<sep>Tail: carry laundry\nExample output: Yes\nExample explanation: This is a good example. The basket is used for carrying the laundry.\nQ: Head: basket<sep>Tail: put the shopping in\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Yes" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: This task is to translate the English language Input to Telugu Language Output\nSee one example below:\nProblem: I am very happy\nSolution: స్నేను చాలా సంతోషంగా ఉన్నాను\nExplanation: The translation is correct with meaning of the sentence not being impacted.\n\nProblem: 0.5m Mini USB Cable – A to Up Angle Mini B\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "0.5M మినీ USB కేబుల్ - అప్ యాంగిల్ మినీ B A" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.\nGiven a sentence in Chinese, generate a new Chinese sentence by performing small changes on the sentence. Here, make sure that the changes are semantically related and syntactically similar to the input. And the generated sentence should have high commonsense plausibility, that is to have reasonable probability of it being true.\n\n静音开关用于激活灯光。\nSolution: 使用灯开关命令取出针头。\nWhy? This is a good example of a change in the input. The created sentence is semantically similar to the input as both are talking about the lights and the changes in the sentence follows the commonsense knowledge.\n\nNew input: 你可能会在洗衣房里装一篮子的洗衣房\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "你在茶间找一篮洗衣服是错的" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a review of a movie and a boolean question whether this review has positive sentiment or negative sentiment. Your task is to generate answer \"yes\" when the tweet has that particular sentiment, otherwise generate answer \"no\".\nPROBLEM: Review: I have not seen the first film and if it anything like this have no great desire to. Having just watched it a few hours ago I am struggling to remember a thing about it. From what I remember it's main plot seems to be a group of very annoying people stay at a house with that dodgy old woman from Friday the 13th and are stalked by plank of wood man.Some people die, the film ends, I am starting a law suit against the person who sold me this film as I want compensation for the missing time in my life. I will pay u £1 to take this film off my hands......oh wait I already gave it away to a \"friend\". Question: is it a positive review?\n\nSOLUTION: no\n\nPROBLEM: Review: \"Gandhi as a husband and father?\" has always been discussed by people in India. 'Gandhi...my father' is a story that only a few would have known to such details. Surely an insight into Gandhi's personal life.Overall, I liked the movie for story and cinematography. Jariwala, Akshay Khanna, and Shefali Shah have all done a good job. Most scenes of the movie would be nice desktop wallpapers...commendable job. Traditional Indian folk music as background score during certain parts of the movie gives a good feel of the happenings.However, what I didn't quite like was the narration style. At several points, I found the tone over-dramatized.Overall, good work by Anil Kapoor Productions. I would recommend it as \"must-watch-once\". 8/10 Question: is it a positive review?\n\nSOLUTION: yes\n\nPROBLEM: Review: This Showtime movie really deserves a far better viewer rating than a 4.5; I gave it a 10 based on the story and the acting of the two stars. After reading the viewer comments, I was surprised at how many folks expected this movie to be a comedy. Yeah, I see that IMDb lists it as Comedy/Drama under Genre. That sure is misleading, isn't it? Fortunately, I saw the movie before logging onto this website so I did not have that expectation. In fact, based on the synopsis of what I heard, I fully expected it to simply be a Drama. I'm wondering if disappoint at this not being a funny movie caused so many low votes.Another factor that might have caused low votes is that this movie is very much 'character-driven'. 'Driving Miss Daisy' is an example of another character-driven movie that comes to mind. Someone's previous comment complained about a boring trial. Tom's (Danny Glover) work scenes seemed to distract from the real plot of the movie. That is, how he was engineering the upward social climb of his family - or his personal troops, if you will. However, they served to establish credibility and justification as his right to move to Greenwich and move 'up' in the world.Tom's obsession became a compulsion. He proved that he would stop at nothing to blend into the white neighborhood. His chagrin when another black person moved next door was not due to skin color. It was because of everything the 'interloper' represented; everything that Tom had left behind. In essence, Tom had become an Oreo cookie: Black on the outside but White on the inside.The last 20 minutes of this movie are among the most powerfully written, directed and acted (by Whoopi Goldberg) I have ever had the pleasure to witness. I realized that the climax of the film was not the obvious event that happened next door (don't want to give it away). The climax is verbal and Whoopi delivers it. I am still not clear if it is the conversation when she informs Tom which college Tom -Two is going to or when she releases it, all in the middle of the night and Tom wakes up. Nevertheless, the denouement is great. You know that life on that street will never be the same.My favorite kind of character-driven flick: people go through problems, some pain, do their dance, they grow, they change, and life goes on. As an audience member, I may learn something or be inspired. Question: is it a positive review?\n\nSOLUTION:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "yes\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Instructions: In this task, you will be shown an extract from a movie plot and a question. You need to provide the correct answer for it. Short answers containing words that are present in the passage are preferred.\nInput: In 2005, scholarly student Morton Schmidt (Jonah Hill) and popular underachieving jock Greg Jenko (Channing Tatum) miss their school prom; Schmidt being rejected by the girl he asked to be his date and Jenko being barred from attending because of his grades. Seven years later, the duo meets again at the Police Academy and become friends and partners on bicycle patrol. They catch a break when they arrest Domingo (DeRay Davis), the leader of a one-percenter motorcycle gang, but are forced to release him after they failed to read him his Miranda rights.The duo is reassigned to a revived scheme from the 1980s, which specializes in infiltrating high schools. Captain Dickson (Ice Cube) assigns them to contain the spread of a synthetic drug called HFS (Holy Fucking Shit) at Sagan High School. He gives them new identities and enrolls them as students, giving them class schedules fitting their previous academic performances; Jenko taking mostly arts and humanities, and Schmidt taking mostly science classes, but the duo mixes up their identities. Schmidt gets a lead on HFS from classmate Molly (Brie Larson), and he and Jenko meet the school's main dealer, popular student Eric (Dave Franco). The two take HFS in front of him to maintain their cover. After experiencing the drug's effects, the duo discovers that Schmidt's intelligence now makes him popular, while Jenko's lax attitude is frowned upon.Eric takes a liking to Schmidt, who develops a romantic interest in Molly. Jenko becomes friends with the students in his AP Chemistry class and finds himself becoming more interested in geeky hobbies and academic pursuits. Schmidt and Jenko throw a party at Schmidt's parents' house, where they are living during the course of their assignment, and invite Eric. During the party, a fight breaks out between Schmidt, Jenko, and some party crashers. Schmidt wins the fight, solidifying his social status and gaining Eric's trust. Jenko's friends hack Eric's phone to enable them to listen in on his conversations.At a party at Eric's house, using the phone hack, Jenko and his friends overhear information about an upcoming meeting between Eric and his supplier, but also catch Schmidt making disparaging comments about Jenko. The rift between the duo grows as their new school life invades upon their official police work. Schmidt and Jenko track Eric to a money exchange with the distributors of HFS â the motorcycle gang from the park â and a chase ensues on the freeway. They return to school, argue, and eventually begin fighting, which disrupts the school play. They are expelled from school and are removed from the Jump Street program.Eric, stressed and terrified, recruits Schmidt and Jenko as security for a deal taking place at the school prom. While dressing for the prom, Schmidt and Jenko rekindle their friendship. At the prom, they discover that the supplier is the physical education teacher, Mr. Walters (Rob Riggle), who created the drug accidentally and started selling it to the students to supplement his teacher's salary. Having caught Eric smoking marijuana, he was able to persuade him into being his dealer.The motorcycle gang arrives for the deal but Molly interrupts them and starts arguing with Schmidt. As a result, the gang leader recognizes Schmidt and Jenko, and orders his men to kill them. Two of the gang members reveal themselves as undercover DEA agents Tom Hanson and Doug Penhall (Johnny Depp and Peter DeLuise). In the ensuing gunfight, Hanson and Penhall are fatally wounded. Mr. Walters and Eric escape with the money and Molly as a hostage; the gang, Schmidt, and Jenko follow close behind. Jenko creates a homemade bomb and uses it to kill the gang. Mr. Walters shoots at Schmidt but Jenko takes the bullet to his arm, sparing Schmidt's life. In response, Schmidt shoots Mr. Walters, unintentionally severing his penis. As they arrest Mr. Walters and Eric, Schmidt and Jenko reconcile their relationship.Both officers are congratulated and reinstated in Jump Street as Dickson gives them a new assignment: infiltrating a college., Question: Who escapes with the money?\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Answer: Mr Walters and Eric" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you are given a hateful post in Bengali that expresses hate or encourages violence towards a person or a group based on the protected characteristics such as race, religion, sex, and sexual orientation. You are expected to classify the post into two classes: personal or non-personal depending on the topic.\n\nEx Input:\nখন্দকার মোশাররফ এর বক্তব্য খুবই লজ্জা জনক। এখন বিএনপির উপর গ্রেনেড মেরে এধরনের কথা বললে কেমন লাগবে। \n\nEx Output:\nnon-personal\n\n\nEx Input:\nকুত্তা আল্লাহ যে গর্তে মূত্র ত্যাগ করতে আসে সেটার পাশে আমার বাড়ি ।\n\nEx Output:\nnon-personal\n\n\nEx Input:\n যে মন্ত্রী মালাউন বলে গালি দিল সেই মন্ত্রী কোন দলের মিঃ হানিফ \n\nEx Output:\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "non-personal\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given a sentence in Galician. Your job is to translate the Galician sentence into Spanish.\nOne example is below.\nQ: Grazas.\nA: Gracias.\nRationale: The Galician sentence is correctly translated into Spanish, because the meaning is preserved.\nQ: en lugar de 180 inmediatamente aforro 200.000 dólares.\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "en lugar de 55 m2, me ahorré de inmediato 200 mil dólares." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given a passage classify if the passage has a definite objective/aim/goal or not. Output '1' if the passage has a defininte objective/aim/goal and output '0' if the passage does not have a definite objective/aim/goal.\n--------\nQuestion: Immunologic abnormalities have been found in bipolar disorder but pentraxin 3, a marker of innate immunity, has not been studied in this population.', 'Levels of pentraxin 3 were measured in individuals with bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and non-psychiatric controls. Linear regression models were used to compare the pentraxin 3 levels in each of the psychiatric groups to that in the control group, adjusting for demographic and clinical variables. Logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratios associated with levels of pentraxin 3 which differed from specified levels of the control group.', 'The sample consisted of 831 individuals: 256 with bipolar disorder, 309 with schizophrenia, and 266 without a psychiatric disorder. The levels of pentraxin 3 in the bipolar disorder, but not in the schizophrenia, group were significantly lower than those of controls, adjusting for age, gender, race, maternal education, smoking status, and body mass index (t = -3.78, p < 0.001). The individuals with bipolar disorder also had significantly increased odds of having low levels of pentraxin 3 relative to both the 10th and 25th percentile level of the controls and significantly decreased odds of having a level greater than the 75th and the 90th percentile level of the controls, adjusting for the same covariates.\n\nAnswer: 1\n\n\nQuestion: ♦', 'The quality of the peritoneal membrane can deteriorate over time. Exposure to glucose-based dialysis solutions is the most likely culprit. Because peritonitis is a common complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD), distinguishing between the effect of glucose exposure and a possible additive effect of peritonitis is difficult. The aim of the present study was to compare the time-course of peritoneal transport characteristics in patients without a single episode of peritonitis-representing the natural course-and in patients who experienced 1 or more episodes of peritonitis during long-term follow-up. ♦', 'This prospective, single-center cohort study enrolled incident adult PD patients who started PD during 1990-2010. A standard peritoneal permeability analysis was performed in the first year of PD treatment and was repeated every year. The results in patients without a single episode of peritonitis (\"no-peritonitis group\") were compared with the results obtained in patients who experienced 1 or more peritonitis episodes (\"peritonitis group\") during a follow-up of 4 years. ♦', 'The 124 patients analyzed included 54 in the no-peritonitis group and 70 in the peritonitis group. The time-course of small-solute transport was different in the groups, with the peritonitis group showing an earlier and more pronounced increase in the mass transfer area coefficient for creatinine (p = 0.07) and in glucose absorption (p = 0.048). In the no-peritonitis group, the net ultrafiltration rate (NUFR) and the transcapillary ultrafiltration rate (TCUFR) both showed a steep increase from the 1st to the 2nd year of PD that was absent in the peritonitis group. Both groups showed a decrease in the NUFR after year 3. A decrease in the TCUFR occurred only in the peritonitis group. That decrease was already present after the year 1 in patients with severe peritonitis. The time-course of free water transport showed a continuous increase in the patients without peritonitis, but a decrease in the patients who experienced peritonitis (p < 0.01). No difference was observed in the time-course of the effective lymphatic absorption rate. The time-courses of immunoglobulin G and α2-macroglobulin clearances showed a decrease in both patient groups, with a concomitant increase of the restriction coefficient. Those changes were not evidently influenced by peritonitis. The two groups showed a similar decrease in the mesothelial cell mass marker cancer antigen 125 during follow-up. ♦\n\nAnswer: 0\n\n\nQuestion: Severe malaria (SM) is classically associated with Plasmodium falciparum infection. Little information is available on the contribution of P. vivax to severe disease. There are some epidemiological indications that P. vivax or mixed infections protect against complications and deaths. A large morbidity surveillance conducted in an area where the four species coexist allowed us to estimate rates of SM among patients infected with one or several species.', 'This was a prospective cohort study conducted within the framework of the Malaria Vaccine Epidemiology and Evaluation Project. All presumptive malaria cases presenting at two rural health facilities over an 8-y period were investigated with history taking, clinical examination, and laboratory assessment. Case definition of SM was based on the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria adapted for the setting (i.e., clinical diagnosis of malaria associated with asexual blood stage parasitaemia and recent history of fits, or coma, or respiratory distress, or anaemia [haemoglobin < 5 g/dl]). Out of 17,201 presumptive malaria cases, 9,537 (55%) had a confirmed Plasmodium parasitaemia. Among those, 6.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.7%-6.8%) fulfilled the case definition of SM, most of them in children <5 y. In this age group, the proportion of SM was 11.7% (10.4%-13.2%) for P. falciparum, 8.8% (7.1%-10.7%) for P. vivax, and 17.3% (11.7%-24.2%) for mixed P. falciparum and P. vivax infections. P. vivax SM presented more often with respiratory distress than did P. falciparum (60% versus 41%, p = 0.002), but less often with anaemia (19% versus 41%, p = 0.0001).\n\nAnswer:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "0\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Indicate if the following Polish tweet contains cyber-bullying content with 'Yes'; otherwise, respond with 'No'.\n\nTweet: @anonymized_account Przecież są w Polsacie :D , Question: Is the tweet free of any cyberbullying (harmful) content?\nYes\n\nTweet: @anonymized_account Bardzo słusznie. Nigdy więcej PiSu. , Question: Is the tweet free of any cyberbullying (harmful) content?\nYes\n\nTweet: @anonymized_account Dziennikarza?? Niejaki Tomasz Lis dawno już przestał spełniać standardy dziennikarstwa. , Question: Does the tweet contain cyberbullying (harmful) content?\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "No\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a sentence that describes a restaurant. You will also be given a few categories of information regarding that sentence. Your task is to fill each of the categories with the appropriate information from the sentenece.\n\nSentence: xname is an expensive coffee shop for families. It gets great ratings and is in the centre of the City. ; Categories: price, location, rating" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "price[more than £30], location[riverside], rating[5 out of 5]" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Instructions: A text is given in Oriya. Translate it from the Oriya language to the Panjabi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.\nInput: ଶ୍ରୀ ପ୍ରଧାନ କହିଲେ ଯେ ଏବେ କେବଳ ମହିଳାମାନଙ୍କୁ 11ଟି କେନ୍ଦ୍ର ସରକାରଙ୍କ ଦ୍ୱାରା ପରିଚାଳିତ ଅନୁଷ୍ଠାନମାନଙ୍କ ନେଟୱାର୍କ ଏବଂ ରାଜ୍ୟମାନଙ୍କର 1408 ଟି ମହିଳା ଆଇଟିଆଇ ଓ ସାଧାରଣ ଆଇଟିଆଇ ମହିଳା ଶାଖା ଦ୍ୱାରା ପ୍ରଦାନ କରାଯାଉଛି । ଏହା ବ୍ୟତୀତ ଅଧିକାଂଶ ରାଜ୍ୟରେ ସାଧାରଣ ଆଇଟିଆଇରେ 30 ପ୍ରତିଶତ ସିଟ ମହିଳାଙ୍କ ପାଇଁ ସଂରକ୍ଷିତ ରଖାଯାଇଛି । ସବୁ ରାଜ୍ୟ ବିଭାଗ ଓ ଅନ୍ୟ ସଂସ୍ଥା ଏ ଦିଗରେ ଆବଶ୍ୟକ ସାହାଯ୍ୟ ସହଯୋଗ ଯୋଗାଇ ଦେବା ଖୁସିର କଥା । ହାଇଦ୍ରାବାଦର ଶ୍ରମଶକ୍ତି ସାରା ବିଶ୍ୱର ମାନବ ସମ୍ବଳ ଚାହିଦାକୁ ପୂରଣ କରୁଛି । ତେଣୁ ହାଇଦ୍ରାବାଦଠାରେ ଏକ ଆରଭିଟିଆଇ ସ୍ଥାପନ କରାଯିବା ଲାଗି ଆମର ପ୍ରୟାସ ତାର ଲକ୍ଷ୍ୟ ସାଧନ କରିବ । ତାଲିମ ପାଇ ସେମାନେ ଜୀବନଜୀବିକା ପାଇଁ ଅଧିକ ରୋଜଗାରକ୍ଷମ ହୋଇ ପାରିବେ । ସମାଜରେ ସେମାନଙ୍କୁ ଉପଯୁକ୍ତ ସମ୍ମାନ ମିଳିବ । ଶ୍ରୀ ବନ୍ଦାରୁ ଦାତ୍ତାତ୍ରେୟଙ୍କ ସମର୍ଥ ନେତୃତ୍ୱରେ ଆମେ ସଭିଏଁ ଏପରି ବ୍ୟବସ୍ଥା ରେକର୍ଡ ସମୟ ମଧ୍ୟରେ ହାସଲ କରିପାରିଛୁ । ତେଣୁ ହାଇଦ୍ରାବାଦଠାରେ ଆରଭିଟିଆଇ ସ୍ଥାପନ ପାଇଁ ଶ୍ରୀ ପ୍ରଧାନ ତାଙ୍କୁ ଧନ୍ୟବାଦ ଜ୍ଞାପନ କରିଥିଲେ ।\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "ਅੱਜ ਮੈਨੂੰ ਉਸ ਦੀ ਨੀਂਹ ਰੱਖਣ ਦਾ ਅਵਸਰ ਮਿਲਿਆ ਅਤੇ ਦੂਜਾ ਹਿੰਦੁਸਤਾਨ ਦੇ ਕਿਸੇ ਵੀ ਕੋਨੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਜਾਓ ਤਾਂ ਸ਼ੁਭ ਕੰਮ ਦੇ ਅੰਦਰ ਮਿਠਾਈ ਖੁਆਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ, ਗੁਜਰਾਤ ਇਕੱਲਾ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਸ਼ੁਭ ਅਵਸਰ 'ਤੇ ਆਈਸਕ੍ਰੀਮ ਖੁਆਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਅਮਰੇਲੀ ਡੇਅਰੀ ਆਈਸਕ੍ਰੀਮ ਦਾ ਵੀ ਪਲਾਂਟ ਲਗਾ ਰਹੀ ਹੈ। ਦੋਵੇਂ ਨਵੀਆਂ ਯੋਜਨਾਵਾਂ ਲਈ ਵੱਲੋਂ ਬਹੁਤ ਸ਼ੁਭਕਾਮਨਾਵਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਲਗਪਗ ਚਾਰ ਸੌ ਲੱਖ ਰੁਪਏ ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੋਨੋਂ ਯੋਜਨਾਵਾਂ ਲਈ ਭਾਰਤ ਸਰਕਾਰ ਦੀ ਤਰਫ਼ ਤੋਂ ਮਿਲਣਗੇ, ਤਾਂ ਕਿ ਇਹ ਕੰਮ ਅੱਗੇ ਵਧੇ।" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.\nGiven a sentence in the Japanese, provide an equivalent translation in Bahasa Indonesia that retains the same meaning through the translation. In translation, keep numbers as it is.\n\nBBCは北アイルランド出身のサッカー選手GerardCavlanが闘犬に関する刑で有罪宣告を受けた後、独自の調査を開始した。\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "BBC sendiri memulai penyelidikannya setelah Gerard Cavlan, seorang pemain sepak bola dari Irlandia Utara, dihukum atas dakwaan terkait dengan adu anjing." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Detailed Instructions: You are given a sentence in Arabic. Your job is to translate the Arabic sentence into Hebrew.\nProblem:وكنت قادرة ايضا علي معرفة الاحتفالات التي كانوا يستخدمونها. الاحتفالات التي لم تكن تستخدم في 29 عام.وكانت بارسال بعض الرجال أرسل معلم فونج تشوي رجالاً للعالم السفلي على صهوة جياد أشباح.\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "הצלחתי לגלות גם על הטקס שהם ניהלו, טקס שלא נעשה בו שימוש כ-29 שנה. וזה היה לשלוח מספר גברים — מאסטר בפנג שואי שלח גברים אל עולם השאול על גבי רוחות סוסים." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you are given a sentence which is either in the Swedish language or English language. You task is to identify the language of input sentence. Input sentence can be in Swedish or English language only and also it cannot have two languages at a time.\n\nQ: I think that you must have done so, because you have not mentioned it.\n\nA: English\n**\nQ: Vi måste således se över bestämmelserna, och jag tackar er, fru kommissionär, för att ni pekade på alla de nuvarande bristerna i de europeiska bestämmelserna.\n\nA: Swedish\n\nQ: Eftersom Frankrike då mycket starkt ställde undantagsregeln i förgrunden, kompenserades man av eftergifter inom jordbrukspolitiken.\n\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Swedish\n**\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Part 1. Definition\nYou are given a sentence in Portuguese. Your job is to translate the Portuguese sentence into Polish.\nPart 2. Example\nOs \"\" media \"\" interligavam-se connosco.\nAnswer: Media łączyły się z nami.\nExplanation: The Portugese sentence is correctly translated into Polish, because the meaning is preserved.\nPart 3. Exercise\nMas, claro, não é exatamente assim, porque não podemos considerar só a forma.\nAnswer:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Tak się jednak nie dzieje, zatem nie powinniśmy brać pod uwagę wyłącznie kształtu." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given a sentence in Polish. Your job is to translate the Polish sentence into Farsi.\n\nEx Input:\nAby wydajniej działać, Aby wydajniej działać, musimy lepiej poznać samych siebie.\n\nEx Output:\nخب اگر ما می خواهیم بطور موثری در جهان عمل کنیم ، می بایستی خودمان را بهتر بشناسیم. خب اگر ما می خواهیم بطور موثری در جهان عمل کنیم ، می بایستی خودمان را بهتر بشناسیم. خب اگر ما می خواهیم بطور موثری در جهان عمل کنیم ، می بایستی خودمان را بهتر بشناسیم.\n\n\nEx Input:\nDzisiejsza opowieść to właśnie taka błyskawiczna podróż razem z ludźmi, którzy zasiedlili Ziemię podczas wielkiej paleolitycznej wędrówki.\n\nEx Output:\nحالا ، این داستانی که برای شما حکایت کردم درست مانند یک گردش سریع ‌ السیر بود از اینکه ما چگونه در جهان سکنی گزیدیم ، کوچ باشکوه پارینه سنگیِ گونه ‌ ی ما.\n\n\nEx Input:\nA prawda jest taka: bazgranie to niesamowicie potężne narzędzie, o którym musimy pamiętać i którego musimy na powrót się nauczyć.\n\nEx Output:\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "و حقیقت اینه: \"\" نقاشی بي ‌ هدف \"\" یک ابزار قدرتمنده ، و ابزاریه که ما برای یادآوری و یادگیری ‌ دوباره بهش نیاز داریم.\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given a sentence in the Japanese, provide an equivalent translation in Lao that retains the same meaning through the translation. In translation, keep numbers as it is.\n\n全国電力系統網は、電気網は損害を受けなかったと言った。\nອົງການຕາຂ່າຍໄຟຟ້າແຫ່ງຊາດ ໄດ້ກ່າວວ່າ ບໍ່ມີຄວາມເສຍຫາຍໃດໆ ຕໍ່ກັບເຄືອຂ່າຍໄຟຟ້າ.\n\n3月14日には、執行委員の推薦が行われる。\nໃນວັນທີ່ 14 ມີນາ ການສະເໜີຊື່ຄະນະບໍລິຫານຈະເກີດຂຶ້ນ.\n\n飛行安全社は、ジャカルタインターナショナルが5年間のライセンスを与えられていたが、いくつかの条件を満たさなければ、12か月後に取り消されるところだったことが判明したと発表した。\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "ບໍລິສັດFlight Safety ຕອນນີ້ໄດ້ປະກາດວ່າ ພວກເຂົາໄດ້ພົບວ່າ ເດີ່ນຍົນສາກົນ Yogyakarta ໄດ້ຖືໃບອະນຸຍາດຫ້າປີ ແຕ່ນີ້ອາດຖືກຖອນຫຼັງຈາກສິບສອງເດືອນ ຖ້າເງື່ອນໄຂບາງຢ່າງຍັງບໍ່ພຽງພໍ.\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given a sentence in Italian. Your job is to translate the Italian sentence into Spanish.\n\nExample input: Qui c'è la medusa mortale con le ali ad X.\nExample output: Aquí esta la medusa ala-x de la muerte.\nExample explanation: The Italian sentence is correctly translated into Spanish, because the meaning is preserved.\nQ: Beh, se stiamo per farlo per l'epilessia, perché diavolo non provarlo per qualcos'altro?\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Bien, si vamos a usarlo para la epilepsia, ¿por qué diablos no probarlo con algo más?" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Definition: In this task, you are given a context tweet, a question and corresponding answer of given question. Your task is to classify this question-answer pair into two categories: (1) \"yes\" if the given answer is right for question, and (2) \"no\" if the given answer is wrong for question.\nInput: Context: Anna Wintour stares solemnly out her office window. \"Excellent.\" A voice shrills from the room's corner. Kris Jenner emerges from darkness.— Christian (@csweda) March 21, 2014 Question: who reveals themselves from the shadows? Answer: russian intel\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "no" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the task definition and input, reply with output. You are given a sentence in Italian. Your job is to translate the Italian sentence into Portugese.\n\nI genitori, forse un po 'presi dal lavoro, in ritardo e affaccendati, vorrebbero poter riprendere i bambini qualche minuto in ritardo.\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Entretanto, os pais — talvez um pouco ocupados com o trabalho, atrasados, a fazer algumas tarefas — querem uma pequena folga para irem buscar os seus filhos tarde." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, given a sentence in the Chinese language, your task is to convert it into the English language.\n\n[EX Q]: 这座横跨西藏和尼泊尔边界的山有好几个名字。\n[EX A]: The mountain straddles the border between Tibet and Nepal, and is known by several names.\n\n[EX Q]: 危地马拉一位Notisiete的电视台记者阿尼巴尔·阿奇拉，星期四正在报道帕卡亚火山喷发的时候身亡。\n[EX A]: Aníbal Archila, a Guatemalan reporter for Notisiete, was killed Thursday night as he was reporting on the eruption of the Pacaya volcano.\n\n[EX Q]: 维基新闻的尼克莫罗就他的价值观，经历和竞选活动采访了他。\n[EX A]:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Wikinews' Nick Moreau interviewed him regarding his values, his experience, and his campaign.\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "TASK DEFINITION: You are given a sentence in Arabic. Your job is to translate the Arabic sentence into Hebrew.\nPROBLEM: الكتاب أسمه \"\" الاضطرابات المباركة \"\" وعندما ظهر علناً ، سلسلة من مواقع المشاركة المعلوماتية ويكي تحت عنوان \"\" أكثر حكمة \"\" ، أنها ستطلق في نفس الوقت\n\nSOLUTION: הספר קרוי \"\" תסיסה מבורכת \"\". וכשהוא ייצא לאור, סדרת אתרי \"\" ויקי \"\" תחת השם \"\" ווייזר \"\", יעלו בו-זמנית לרשת.\n\nPROBLEM: ثالثا ، وربما الطريقة الأكثر إثارة لاستخدام هذه الطائرات هو أن يتوجه منها إلى أماكن بعيدد جدا ، لم يسبق استكشافها من الغابات الممطرة مخبأة في مكان ما في المناطق المدارية ، ونسقط ميكرفون تنصت صغير جدا مع براشوت التي سوف تسمح لنا بالتنصت على استدعائات الثدييات والطيور والبرمائيات ، حيوان اليتي ، مخلوق يشبه القرد ، أو ما يطلق عليه بيج فوت (ذو القدم الكبيرة) ، أيا كان.\n\nSOLUTION: דרך שלישית, ואולי המרתקת ביותר של השימוש במזל \"\" טים הללו הוא להטיס אותם למקום באמת מבודד, יער גשם שטרם נחקר אי-שם באזורים הטרופיים, ולהצניח מיקרופון מרגלים זעיר שיאפשר לנו לצותת לקריאות של יונקים, ציפורים, דו-חיים, הייטי, סאסקואץ ', ביגפוט וכדומה.\n\nPROBLEM: إذن هل كان عليهم الاستمرار في نقل البضائع باستخدام الأحصنة ، على الأرض ، طالما أنها بالنهاية ستصل ؟\n\nSOLUTION:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "אז האם היו צריכים להמשיך לסחוב מצרכים על עגלות סוסים, על האדמה, כך שהם בסוף יגיעו?\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given a sentence in the Thai, provide an equivalent translation in Japanese that retains the same meaning through the translation. In translation, keep numbers as it is.\n\nLet me give you an example: อิตาลีได้เอาชนะโปรตุเกสด้วยคะแนน31ต่อ5 ในกลุ่มc ของการแข่งขันรักบี้เวิลด์คัพปี2007 ที่สนามปาร์กเดแพร็งส์ ที่กรุงปารีส ประเทศฝรั่งเศส\nThe answer to this example can be: フランスのパリ、パルク・デ・プランスで行われた2007年ラグビーワールドカップのプールCで、イタリアは31対5でポルトガルを下した。\nHere is why: The Thai sentence is correctly converted into Japanese because the converted sentence holds the message that Italy defeated Portugal 31–5 in Pool C of the 2007 Rugby World Cup at the Parc des Princes in Paris, France. Also, translated sentence preserves the numbers as it is.\n\nOK. solve this:\nความรุนแรงที่ยังมีอยู่ในตะวันออกกลาง ทำให้ราคาน้ำมันดิบในเดือนกันยายน สูงขึ้นอีก 1.23 ดอลลาร์สหรัฐเป็น 75.99 ดอลลาร์สหรัฐต่อบาร์เรล ในตอนช่วงบ่ายของการค้าขายเอเซียที่การแลกเปลี่ยนทางการค้านครนิวยอร์ก\nAnswer:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "中東での継続的な紛争に加え、ニューヨーク・マーカンタイル取引所でも午後早い時間のアジア取引において9月の軽質のスイート原油の市場価格は1.23ドル上昇し、1バレル当たり75.99ドルとなった。" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you are given a context tweet and an answer. Your job is to generate a question for the given answer based on the given tweet paragraph. Note that your question should be answerable based on the given tweet, and the answer to your question should be the given answer.\nQ: Context: #AntMan trailer has a lot of promise in it, i'm kinda excited to see it :)— !nfame_u$DeCaru$ (@SoNortori_us) January 7, 2015 Answer: excited\nA: " }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "how was the tweeter feeling after watching the trailer?" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.\nGiven a sentence in the Japanese, provide an equivalent translation in Lao that retains the same meaning through the translation. In translation, keep numbers as it is.\n\n今回の訪問は今月始めのテロ直後で、イギリスの観光業界では訪英観光客の減少が恐れられていた中だった。\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "ການຢ້ຽມຢາມທ່ອງທ່ຽວເກີດຂື້ນພາຍຫຼັງທີ່ເກີດເຫດການໂຈມຕີລອນດອນໃນກ່ອນໜ້າຂອງເດືອນນີ້ ເຮັດໃຫ້ເກີດຄວາມຢ້ານກົວໃນບັນດາອຸດສາຫະກໍາ ທ່ອງທ່ຽວວ່າ ນັກທ່ອງທ່ຽວທີ່ຈະເດີນທາງມາລາຊະອານາຈັກ ຈະຫຼຸດລົງ." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you're given passages that contain mentions of names of people, places, or things. Some of these mentions refer to the same person, place, or thing. Your job is to write questions that evaluate one's understanding of such references. Good questions are expected to link pronouns (she, her, him, his, their, etc.) or other mentions to people, places, or things to which they may refer. Do not ask questions that can be answered correctly without understanding the paragraph or having multiple answers. Avoid questions that do not link phrases referring to the same entity. For each of your questions, the answer should be one or more phrases in the paragraph, and it should be unambiguous.\nOne example is below.\nQ: Passage: Nearing London, Oliver encounters Jack Dawkins, a pickpocket more commonly known by the nickname the \"Artful Dodger\", and his sidekick, a boy of a humorous nature named Charley Bates, but Oliver's innocent and trusting nature fails to see any dishonesty in their actions. The Dodger provides Oliver with a free meal and tells him of a gentleman in London who will \"give him lodgings for nothing, and never ask for change\". Grateful for the unexpected assistance, Oliver follows the Dodger to the \"old gentleman's\" residence. In this way Oliver unwittingly falls in with an infamous Jewish criminal known as Fagin, the gentleman of whom the Artful Dodger spoke. Ensnared, Oliver lives with Fagin and his gang of juvenile pickpockets in their lair at Saffron Hill for some time, unaware of their criminal occupations. He believes they make wallets and handkerchiefs.\nA: Who believes Fagin's gang make wallets and handkerchiefs?.\nRationale: This question is based on the following sentence in the passage \"He believes they make wallets and handkerchiefs\". It evaluates the understanding that the pronoun \"he\" refers to name \"Oliver\". You can ask questions like this one about most pronouns in a paragraph.\nQ: Passage: Peace between England and the Netherlands in 1688 meant that the two countries entered the Nine Years' War as allies, but the conflict—waged in Europe and overseas between France, Spain and the Anglo-Dutch alliance—left the English a stronger colonial power than the Dutch, who were forced to devote a larger proportion of their military budget on the costly land war in Europe. The 18th century saw England (after 1707, Britain) rise to be the world's dominant colonial power, and France becoming its main rival on the imperial stage.The death of Charles II of Spain in 1700 and his bequeathal of Spain and its colonial empire to Philippe of Anjou, a grandson of the King of France, raised the prospect of the unification of France, Spain and their respective colonies, an unacceptable state of affairs for England and the other powers of Europe. In 1701, England, Portugal and the Netherlands sided with the Holy Roman Empire against Spain and France in the War of the Spanish Succession, which lasted until 1714.\nAt the concluding Treaty of Utrecht, Philip renounced his and his descendants' right to the French throne and Spain lost its empire in Europe. The British Empire was territorially enlarged: from France, Britain gained Newfoundland and Acadia, and from Spain, Gibraltar and Menorca. Gibraltar became a critical naval base and allowed Britain to control the Atlantic entry and exit point to the Mediterranean. Spain also ceded the rights to the lucrative asiento (permission to sell slaves in Spanish America) to Britain.\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "What is the full name of the person who renounces his and his descendants' rights to the French throne?" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then some input of the task.\nIn this task, you are given a sentence in the English language and your task is to convert it into the Hindi language. In the translation, keep numbers as it is and make it sentence case (capitalize only the first word of each sentence and noun).\n\nयह उन्हें यकीन हो गया था कि यह कदम पश्चिमी शिक्षा की ओर उठाया जाना चाहिए , बिना उस तालीम के उनकी बिरादारी और भी पिछड़ती और कमजोर होती जायेगी ।\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "This step , he was convinced , must be in the direction of Western education ; without that education his community would become more and more backward and powerless ." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You will be given a definition of a task first, then an example. Follow the example to solve a new instance of the task.\nDetermine whether there has been any questions asked by the speaker in the dialogue or not. If there has been a question in the dialogue then the output Yes otherwise output No.\n\nAre things still going badly with your houseguest ? Getting worse . Now he ’ s eating me out of house and home . I ’ Ve tried talking to him but it all goes in one ear and out the other . He makes himself at home , which is fine . But what really gets me is that yesterday he walked into the living room in the raw and I had company over ! That was the last straw . Leo , I really think you ’ re beating around the bush with this guy . I know he used to be your best friend in college , but I really think it ’ s time to lay down the law . You ’ re right . Everything is probably going to come to a head tonight . I ’ ll keep you informed . \nSolution: Yes\nWhy? In this dialogue, there has been question present in the conversation so its ouput is Yes. So this is a positive example.\n\nNew input: These are new arrivals . Let me have a look . Try them if you like . I like the fabric , but I don ’ t like the style . What about that one over there ? They are too bright . \nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Yes" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you are given two phrases: Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether the Head happens before the Tail or not. Classify your answers into \"Yes\" and \"No\". The phrase may also contain \"___\", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action.\n\nInput: Consider Input: Head: PersonX achieves PersonY end<sep>Tail: to make it first\n\nOutput: No\n\n\nInput: Consider Input: Head: PersonX achieves one 's ___<sep>Tail: to train hard\n\nOutput: No\n\n\nInput: Consider Input: Head: PersonX sees an advertisement<sep>Tail: PersonX cuts out the advertisement for later\n\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Output: Yes\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you are given a tuple, comprising Head and Tail, separated with <sep>. The Head and the Tail events are short phrases possibly involving participants. The names of specific people have been replaced by generic words (e.g., PersonX, PersonY, PersonZ). PersonX is always the subject of the event. You have to determine whether, as a result of the Head, PersonY or others will want what is mentioned in the Tail or not. In this task, wanting is a postcondition desire on the part of PersonY and others, respectively. For example, as a result of PersonX giving PersonY gifts, PersonY may want to open the gift. Classify your answers into \"Yes\" and \"No\". The phrase may also contain \"___\", a placeholder that can be an object, a person, and/or an action.\n\nHead: PersonX learns quickly<sep>Tail: none\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Yes" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Part 1. Definition\nIn this task, you're given a passage, further information available on a particular linked term from the statement, and an answer term. Your job is to generate a question that can use the information provided to obtain the given answer. You should use the information on both passage and link information to create the question. Note that the answer to the question should be exactly the given answer, and if the answer is none, the answer to the question shouldn't be obtainable from the passage or linked information.\nPart 2. Example\nPassage: The group was occasionally diverted from strategic missions to carry out air support and interdiction missions. It supported Operation Overlord, the invasion of Normandy by attacking transportation targets, including bridges, along with airfields and strong points in France. On D Day, the squadron and the rest of the 446th Group led the first heavy bomber mission of the day. The 446th aided ground forces at Caen and Saint-Lô during July by hitting bridges, gun batteries, and enemy troops. During Operation Market Garden, the attempt to seize a bridgehead across the Rhine in the Netherlands, the 704th dropped supplies to allied troops near Nijmegen. It struck lines of communications during the Battle of the Bulge. During Operation Varsity in March 1945, it supplied ground and airborne troops near Wesel. The squadron flew its last combat mission on 25 April 1945 against Salzburg, Austria. The group had flown 273 missions and had lost 58 aircraft during the war,\n. Link Information: Operation Market Garden was a failed World War II military operation fought in the Netherlands from 17 to 25 September 1944. Answer: from 17 to 25 September 1944\nAnswer: When did the operation during which the 704th dropped supplies to allied troops near Nijmegen begin?\nExplanation: The passage describes the 704th's actions during Operation Market Garden, and the answer specifies when the operation happened.\nPart 3. Exercise\nPassage: Helped by his association with The Guardian, Cannon was able to contribute more substantial articles to the Los Angeles Times and the Chicago Sun-Times, and to underground magazines such as Creem. He wrote the 1970 documentary film London Rock, focusing on the UK's counterculture movement. He recalls that, together with Rolling Stone journalists David Dalton and Jonathan Cott, he joined Granada Television documentary-makers such as Jo Durden-Smith, John Sheppard and Michael Darlow in devising \"prime-time networked shows designed as anthems of the revolution\". Among these late-1960s projects, he says that the Johnny Cash at San Quentin TV special was his idea, and he \"share[s] credit\" for the ideas behind the concert films The Doors Are Open and The Stones in the Park. He also directed the film of Frank Zappa's performance at the 1970 Palermo Pop Festival, for RAI, Italy's national public broadcaster.\n Link Information: Cannon was able to contribute more substantial articles to the Los Angeles Times and the Chicago Sun-Times Answer: Chicago Sun-Times\nAnswer:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Which publication that Cannon contributed more substantial articles to came into existence first?" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you will be presented with a question having multiple possible answers in Arabic language. And you should choose a most suitable option out of \"A\", \"B\", \"C\", \"D\", and \"E\" based on your commonsense knowledge.\nExample: Question: ارتفعت صوت المروحة الكهربائية كثيرًا وكانت تزعج الآخرين ، على الرغم من أنهم سمحوا بالعديد من الأشياء الشخصية على المكاتب التي كان مطلوبًا منها إيقاف تشغيلها؟ \n Options: (A) خزانة (B) المدخل (C) غرفة ساخنة (D) الصفحة الرئيسية (E) مكتب. مقر. مركز \nExample solution: E\nExample explanation: The predicted answer is correct as the prahse, they allowed personal things on the desk, suggests that fan is in the office.\n\nProblem: Question: طُلب من جميع الطلاب الجلوس بهدوء ، وظل الطفل المتاعب هادئًا ولكن ليس ماذا؟ \n Options: A استمع B اجلس C وحده D يتأمل E ارقد \n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Solution: B" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given a sentence in Italian. Your job is to translate the Italian sentence into Spanish.\n\nQ: E quello che facciamo, in pratica, è insegnare al cane … lasciamo che il cane pensi che sia lui ad addestrare noi.\n\nA: En esencia lo que hacemos es enseñar al perro... haciéndole creer... que el perro nos está entrenando a nosotros.\n**\nQ: Vuoi comprare una vocale, Barry?\n\nA: ¿Quieres comprar una vocal, Barry?\n\nQ: e questo significa è che le decisioni sono ciò che sostiene la nostra bolla percettiva. La tiene in vita.\n\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "y lo que esto ilustra es que las decisiones son elementos clave que mantienen nuestra burbuja perceptiva. La mantiene viva.\n**\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given a statement written in Kannada. Choose the most logical word from the given 4 options which can be used to replace the <MASK> token in the statement. Output the word from the correct option .\n\n[Q]: Statement: <MASK>, ವ್ಯಾಸತೀರ್ಥರು ಹಾಗು ವಾದಿರಾಜತೀರ್ಥರನ್ನು \"ಮೂರು ವ್ಯಾಪಕದ ಸಂತರು\" (ಯತಿ ರಾಜ ತ್ರಯರು, ಸನ್ಯಾಸರಾದರು ಇವರಿಗೆ ಸಮಕಾಲೀನ ರಾಜರು ವಿಶೇಷ ಸಹಾಯವನ್ನೀಡಿದರು) ಎಂದು ಹರಿದಾಸ ಚಳುವಳಿ ಭಾವಿಸಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ ಆದರೆ \"ವೈಷ್ಣವ ಕವಿ ತ್ರಿಮೂರ್ತಿ\" ಗಳ ಪಟ್ಟ ಶ್ರೀಪಾದರಾಯ, ಪುರಂದರದಾಸ ಹಾಗು ಕನಕದಾಸರದ್ದು. \n\n Option A: ವಾದಿರಾಜತೀರ್ಥರು\n\n Option B: ವ್ಯಾಸತೀರ್ಥರು\n\n Option C: ಶ್ರೀಪಾದರಾಯರು\n\n Option D: ವಾದಿರಾಜತೀರ್ಥ\n[A]: ಶ್ರೀಪಾದರಾಯರು\n\n\n[Q]: Statement: ವಿವಿಧ ಮೊಬೈಲ್ ಫೋನ್ ಸಾಧನಗಳ ಒಂದು ದೊಡ್ಡ ಸಂಖ್ಯೆಯ ಮತ್ತು <MASK>ಗಳು ಸಾಧನದ ಯಾವುದೇ ರೀತಿಯ ಮೇಲೆ ಮೊಬೈಲ್ ಬ್ಯಾಂಕಿಂಗ್ ಪರಿಹಾರ ನೀಡಲು ಇದು ಒಂದು ದೊಡ್ಡ ಸವಾಲು . ಈ ಸಾಧನಗಳು ಕೆಲವು ಜಾವಾ ಮಿ ಮತ್ತು ಇತರರು ಸಿಮ್ ಅಪ್ಲಿಕೇಶನ್ ಟೂಲ್ಕಿಟ್ , ಒಂದು ವ್ಯಾಫ್ ಬ್ರೌಸರ್ನ್ನು , ಅಥವಾ ಕೇವಲ ಎಸ್ಎಂಎಸ್ ಬೆಂಬಲಿಸುತಾದೆ.ದಕ್ಷಿಣ ಆಫ್ರಿಕಾ ಪ್ರದೇಶಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಗಮನ ಸಾಧಿಸಬಹುದಾದ ಸಂವಹನದ ಆಧಾರವಾಗಿ ಯು.ಸ್.ಸ್.ಡಿ ಪೂರ್ವನಿಯೋಜಿತಗೊಳಿಸಲಾಗುತ್ತದೆ ಹಾಗೆಯೇ ಪ್ರಾಥಮಿಕ ವಹಿವಾಟನ್ನು ಏನೇ ಆದರೂ, ಕಡಿಮೆ ಕೊನೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಜಾವಾ ಆಧಾರಿತ ಫೋನ್ ಮಿತಿಗಳನ್ನು ಸಕ್ರಿಯಗೊಳಿಸಲು \" ಆರ್ ವರ್ಲ್ಡ್ \" ನಂತಹ ಪೋರ್ಟಲ್ ಬಳಸಿಕೊಂಡು ಭಾರತದಂತಹ ರಾಷ್ಟ್ರಗಳೊಂದಿಗೆ , ಕೇಂದ್ರೀಕೃತವಾಗಿರುತ್ತವೆ ಮಾಡಲಾಗಿದೆ ಯಾವುದೇ ಫೋನ್ .\n\n Option A: ಕೀನ್ಯಾ\n\n Option B: ಬ್ಯಾಂಕ್\n\n Option C: ಆಸ್ಟ್ರೇಲಿಯಾ\n\n Option D: ಆಪಲ್\n[A]: ಬ್ಯಾಂಕ್\n\n\n[Q]: Statement: ಫಿಲಿಪ್ಸ್ ಫಿಲಿಪ್ಸ್ ಎಲೆಕ್ಟ್ರಿಕಲ್ ಕಂ. ( ಎಂಬ ಹೆಸರಿನಲ್ಲಿ 1930ರಲ್ಲಿ ಭಾರತದಲ್ಲಿ<MASK> ಎಂಬಲ್ಲಿ ತನ್ನ ಕಾರ್ಯಾಚರಣೆಗಳನ್ನು ಆರಂಭಿಸಿತು.(ಇಂಡಿಯ) ಪ್ರೈ.ಲಿ , 75 ಮಂದಿ ಸಿಬ್ಬಂದಿಯನ್ನು ಹೊಂದಿತ್ತು. ಇದು ವಿದೇಶದಿಂದ ಆಮದುಮಾಡಿಕೊಂಡ ಫಿಲಿಪ್ಸ್ ವಿದ್ಯುದ್ದೀಪಗಳಿಗೆ ಮಾರಾಟದ ಹೊರಮಾರ್ಗವಾಗಿತ್ತು.\n\n Option A: ಥೈಲ್ಯಾಂಡ್‌‌\n\n Option B: ಇಂಡೊನೇಶಿಯ\n\n Option C: ಕೊಲ್ಕತ್ತ(ಕಲ್ಕತ್ತ)\n\n Option D: ಇಸ್ರೇಲ್‌\n[A]:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": " ಕೊಲ್ಕತ್ತ(ಕಲ್ಕತ್ತ)\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "In this task, you're given text messages in natural language. Your task is to classify those text messages based on their content into two classes: (1) Spam and (2) Ham messages. If the content of the given message is irrelevant to the receiver or is equally relevant to many other potential recipients then it must be labeled as ‘spam’, otherwise, it should be labeled as ‘ham’.\n\nExample input: Free entry in 2 a wkly comp to win FA Cup final tkts 21st May 2005. Text FA to 87121 to receive entry question(std txt rate)T&C's apply 08452810075over18's\nExample output: spam\nExample explanation: Given text message promises to give free tickets.\nQ: Hey leave it. not a big deal:-) take care.\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "ham" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given a statement written in Telugu. Choose the most logical word from the given 4 options which can be used to replace the <MASK> token in the statement. Output the word from the correct option .\nOne example: Statement: ఇది మండల కేంద్రమైన నాతవరం నుండి 8 కి. మీ. దూరం లోను, సమీప పట్టణమైన <MASK> నుండి 26 కి. మీ. దూరంలోనూ ఉంది. 2011 భారత జనగణన గణాంకాల ప్రకారం ఈ గ్రామం 198 ఇళ్లతో, 651 జనాభాతో 246 హెక్టార్లలో విస్తరించి ఉంది. గ్రామంలో మగవారి సంఖ్య 323, ఆడవారి సంఖ్య 328. షెడ్యూల్డ్ కులాల సంఖ్య 16 కాగా షెడ్యూల్డ్ తెగల సంఖ్య 69. గ్రామం యొక్క జనగణన లొకేషన్ కోడ్ 585743.పిన్ కోడ్: 531115.\n\n Option A: నాతవరం\n\n Option B: కొనియాల్\n\n Option C: తుని\n\n Option D: నర్సీపట్నం\nSolution is here: తుని\nExplanation: The most suitable word from the given options to replace the <MASK> token is తుని, as the town Tuni matches all the demographic data mentioned in the statement while the other towns don't .\n\nNow, solve this: Statement: <MASK>లో జానా కృష్ణమూర్తి తరువాత భారతీయ జనతా పార్టీ అధ్యక్ష పదవిని చేపట్టి 2004, అక్టోబర్ 18 వరకు ఆ పదవిలో తన సేవలందించాడు. రెండు సార్లు ఉదయగిరి అసెంబ్లీ నియోజకవర్గం నుంచి ఎన్నికైనాడు. భారతీయ జనతా పార్టీకు చెందిన అనేక రాష్ట్ర, జాతీయ పదవులను పొంది దేశవ్యాప్తంగా మంచి పేరు సంపాదించాడు. ఆ తరువాత రాజ్యసభకు ఎన్నికై ఆ పదవిలో కొనసాగుతున్నాడు. 2010 మే 8న శాసనసభలో, రాజ్యసభలో, భారతీయ జనతా పార్టీ అధ్యక్ష పదవిలో ఉన్నప్పుడు చేసిన ప్రసంగాలను ఆయన మిత్రబృందం \"అలుపెరుగని గళం విరామమెరుగని గళం.\" పేరుతో సంకలనం చేసి విడుదల చేయించారు..\n\n Option A: 2005\n\n Option B: 2000\n\n Option C: 2002\n\n Option D: 2004\nSolution:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "2002" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Instructions: This task is about translating a given Spanish language sentence to English.\nInput: Así que incluso si su meta es pasar el fin de semana preparando para los exámenes e incluso si ahora, desde la perspectiva de\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "So even if your goal is to spend the weekend preparing for exams, and even if now, from the perspective of" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "instruction:\nGenerate an explanation for the given claim using the provided supporting material from the paragraph. Please consider the following points while generating an output. 1) The claim will always have supporting proof in the paragraph, and the paragraph will have a clear point of view supporting the claim. 2) There can be instances where direct correlation to the claim is not available. Make use of the sentences in the paragraph to provide a corresponding output supporting the claim. 3) The explanation should be at least one and at most twelve sentences long.\nquestion:\nParagraph: Cuomo’s cautiously upbeat report at a daily briefing came as the daily death toll across the state, the epicenter of the pandemic in the United States, dropped to 540 on April 17, down from 630 a day earlier and the lowest in more than two weeks. The governor said total hospitalizations of patients being treated for COVID-19, the respiratory illness caused by the coronavirus, came to 16,967, a drop of more than 1,300 over the past three days. Intubations and admissions to intensive care units also continued on their downward trend. “If you look at the past three days, you could argue that we are past the plateau and we’re starting to descend which would be very good news,” Cuomo said. He said, however, that about 2,000 infected people were newly admitted to hospitals on Friday, which he characterized as “still an overwhelming number,” and reiterated that he would take a cautious approach to reopening businesses and schools. Cuomo repeated a call for the federal government to help coordinate and provide funding for the mass testing that he and other governors have said is needed to determine when it is safe for people to go back to work. Providing new details on the challenge, Cuomo said a survey of labs in his state revealed an inability to procure the chemical reagents needed to run the tests on machines supplied by private manufacturers like Roche Holding AG. “They bought the machine, they have the machine, they have the test, but they need the reagents to do a higher volume of tests,” Cuomo said, adding that makers like Roche are struggling to get the reagents from China. “That’s the logjam we are in.” New York disclosed 7,090 new positive cases over the last 24 hours for a total of 236,732 cases, while deaths increased by 540 to 13,362, marking by far the largest number of fatalities of any state. Even with stabilizing numbers, Cuomo said the pandemic was taking a severe emotional and economic toll on people, and estimated the impact on society would prove to be the biggest challenge facing the country since World War Two. “On every level this is a terrible experience, Cuomo said. “It is as tumultuous a time as we have ever seen.” Claim: New York Governor sounds optimistic note as coronavirus numbers improve.\nanswer:\nNew York Governor Andrew Cuomo said on Saturday that a recent drop in hospitalizations and other improving metrics indicated the state may be past the peak of its coronavirus crisis and on a path toward stabilizing its battered healthcare system.\n\n\nquestion:\nParagraph: Trinity Lewis had asked Judge Sandee Bryan Marion to issue an injunction in Tarrant County district court to ensure that Cook Children’s Medical Center doesn’t end her daughter Tinslee Lewis’ life-sustaining treatment. Texas Right to Life, an anti-abortion group that is advocating for Tinslee, said the girl’s mother will appeal the judge’s decision. Doctors at the Fort Worth hospital had planned to remove Tinslee from life support Nov. 10 after invoking Texas’ “10-day rule,” which can be employed when a family disagrees with doctors who say life-sustaining treatment should be stopped. The law stipulates that if the hospital’s ethics committee agrees with doctors, treatment can be withdrawn after 10 days if a new provider can’t be found to take the patient. In a statement issued by Texas Right to Life, which opposes the “10-day rule,” Lewis said she was “heartbroken” over the judge’s decision. “I feel frustrated because anyone in that courtroom would want more time just like I do if Tinslee were their baby,” she said. The hospital said in a statement Thursday that in order to keep Tinslee alive, she’s on a constant stream of painkillers, sedatives and paralytics. She currently has severe sepsis, which isn’t uncommon when patients require deep sedation and chemical paralysis, it said. “Even with the most extraordinary measures the medical team is taking, Tinslee continues to suffer,” the hospital said. Efforts to find another facility to take her have been unsuccessful. The hospital said it has reached out to more than 20 facilities. Texas Right to Life and Protect TX Fragile Kids have also been trying to find a facility to take her. Prior to Thursday’s ruling, both sides agreed that if Marion denied the injunction request, the hospital would wait at least seven days before taking Tinslee off life-support. In her decision, Marion said the seven-day period would give the girl’s mother time to file a notice of appeal and a motion for emergency relief with a state court of appeals. Tinslee has been at Cook Children’s since her premature birth. The hospital said she has a rare heart defect and suffers from chronic lung disease and severe chronic high blood pressure. She hasn’t come off a ventilator since going into respiratory arrest in early July and requires full respiratory and cardiac support. Lewis testified at a hearing last month that despite her daughter’s sedation, she has a sense of the girl’s likes and dislikes, describing her as “sassy.” She said Tinslee likes getting her nails done but doesn’t like having her hair brushed. “I want to be the one to make the decision for her,” Lewis said about removing her daughter from life support. At the hearing last month, Dr. Jay Duncan, one of Tinslee’s physicians, described the girl’s complex conditions and Cook Children’s efforts to treat her, which have included about seven surgeries. The cardiac intensive care doctor said that for the first five months of Tinslee’s life doctors had hope she might one day at least be able to go home. But Duncan said there came a point when doctors determined they had run out of surgical and clinical options, and that treatment was no longer benefiting Tinslee. Duncan said last month that the girl would likely die within half a year, and noted the hospital has made “extraordinary” efforts to find another facility for her. “She is in pain. Changing a diaper causes pain. Suctioning her breathing tube causes pain. Being on the ventilator causes pain,” he said. Duncan said there had been “many, many” conversations with Tinslee’s family about her dire condition. Tarrant County Juvenile Court Judge Alex Kim issued a temporary restraining order to stop the removal of life support on Nov. 10. But Kim was removed from the case after the hospital filed a motion questioning his impartiality and saying he had bypassed case-assignment rules to designate himself as the presiding judge. After his removal, Judge Marion, who is chief justice of Texas’ Fourth Court of Appeals, was assigned to hear the request for an injunction in Tarrant County district court. The case has become a rallying point for Republicans in Texas, with the attorney general stating his opposition to the “10-day rule” and GOP state Rep. Tan Parker saying it “doesn’t fit with Texas values.” The 1999 law that shields from lawsuits doctors who follow the process of going through an ethics committee was crafted by a task force that included lawmakers, attorneys, doctors and anti-abortion groups. Supporters of the law passed when George W. Bush, a Republican, was governor include the Texas Alliance for Life, the Texas Catholic Conference of Bishops and the Texas Medical Association. Supporters say the law provides a framework for doctors and hospitals to resolve differences and ensures that doctors can’t be forced to perform medical interventions that cause harm or suffering. Claim: Texas judge: Hospital can remove baby from life support.\nanswer:\nA Texas judge on Thursday sided with a hospital that plans to remove an 11-month-old girl from life support after her mother disagreed with the decision by doctors who say the infant is in pain and that her condition will never improve.\n\n\nquestion:\nParagraph: The one present Roy Collette wasn’t looking forward to getting for Christmas 1988 was those damned pants. Yet he knew he was in trouble as soon as the flatbed truck bearing a concrete-filled tank off a truck used to deliver ready-mix rolled up. Sure as God made little green apples, those pants had to be in there. And he was going to have to fish them out, else declare his brother-in-law the winner of a rivalry that had then spanned 20 years. Being the sport he is, brother-in-law Larry Kunkel thoughtfully supplied the services of a crane to hoist the concrete-filled tank off the flatbed. What’s this game, you ask? What was the significance of these pants, and why were two grown men going to such efforts year after year to retrieve them, only to send them off again? It all began in 1964 when Larry Kunkel’s mom gave him a pair of moleskin pants. After wearing them a few times, he found they froze stiff in Minnesota winters and thus wouldn’t do. That next Christmas, he wrapped the garment in pretty paper and presented it to his brother-in-law. Brother-in-law Roy Collette discovered he didn’t want them either. He bided his time until the Christmas after, then packaged them up and gave them back to Kunkel. This yearly exchange proceeded amicably until one year Collette twisted the pants tightly and stuffed them into a 3-foot-long, 1-inch wide pipe. And so the game began. Year after year, as the pants were shuffled back and forth, the brothers strove to make unwrapping them more difficult, perhaps in the hope of ending the tradition. In retaliation for the pipe, Kunkel compressed the pants into a 7-inch square, wrapped them with wire and gave the “bale” to Collette. Not to be outdone, Collette put the pants into a 2-foot-square crate filled with stones, nailed it shut, banded it with steel and gave the trusty trousers back to Kunkel. The brothers agreed to end the caper if the trousers were damaged. But they were as careful as they were clever. As the game evolved, so did the rules. Only “legal and moral” methods of wrapping were permitted. Wrapping expenses were kept to a minimum with only junk parts used. Kunkel next had the pants mounted inside an insulated window that had a 20-year guarantee and shipped them off to Collette. Collette broke the glass, recovered the trousers, stuffed them into a 5-inch coffee can, which he soldered shut. The can was put in a 5-gallon container filled with concrete and reinforcing rods and given to Kunkel the following Christmas. Kunkel installed the pants in a 225-pound homemade steel ashtray made from 8-inch steel casings and etched Collette’s name on the side. Collette had trouble retrieving the treasured trousers, but succeeded without burning them with a cutting torch. Collette found a 600-pound safe and hauled it to Viracon Inc. in Owatonna, where the shipping department decorated it with red and green stripes, put the pants inside and welded the safe shut. The safe was then shipped to Kunkel, who was the plant manager for Viracon’s outlet in Bensenville. The pants next turned up in a drab green, 3-foot cube that once was a 1974 Gremlin. A note attached to the 2,000-pound scrunched car advised Collette that the pants were inside the glove compartment. In 1982 Kunkel faced the problem of retrieving the pants from a tire 8 feet high and 2 feet wide and filled with 6,000 pounds of concrete. On the outside Collette had written, “Have a Goodyear.” In 1983 the pants came back to Collette in a 17.5-foot red rocket ship filled with concrete and weighing 6 tons. Five feet in diameter, with pipes 6 inches in diameter outside running the length of the ship and a launching pad attached to its bottom, the rocket sported a picture of the pants fluttering atop it. Inside the rocket were 15 concrete-filled canisters, one of which housed the pants. Collette’s revenge for the rocket ship was delivered to Kunkel in the form of a 4-ton Rubik’s Cube in 1985. The cube was made of concrete that had been baked in a kiln and covered with 2,000 board feet of lumber. Kunkel “solved the cube,” and for 1986 gift-giving repackaged the pants into a station wagon filled with 170 steel generators all welded together. Because the pants have to be retrieved undamaged, Collette was faced with carefully taking apart each component. News accounts didn’t record the form in which the pants were passed in 1987, and their 1988 packaging (concrete-filled tank) was mentioned at the beginning of this page. Sadly, 1989’s packaging scheme brought the demise of the much-abused garment. Collette was inspired to encase the pantaloons in 10,000 pounds of jagged glass that he would then deposit in Kunkel’s front yard. “It would have been a great one — really messy,” Kunkel ruefully admitted. The pants were shipped to a friend in Tennessee who managed a glass manufacturing company. While molten glass was being poured over the insulated container that held them, an oversized chunk fractured, transforming the pants into a pile of ashes. The ashes were deposited into a brass urn and delivered to Kunkel along with this epitaph: “Sorry, Old Man Here lies the Pants … An attempt to cast the pants in glass brought about the demise of the pants at last.” Claim: For twenty-five years, two brothers-in-law traded the same pants back and forth between them as a Christmas gift, each time finding more inventive ways to wrap them.\nanswer:\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "The urn now graces the fireplace mantel in Kunkel’s home.\n\n\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the task definition and input, reply with output. You are given a statement written in Bengali. Choose the most logical word from the given 4 options which can be used to replace the <MASK> token in the statement . Output the word from the correct option .\n\nStatement: <MASK> মহাভাষ্য এবং পাণিনির অষ্টাধ্যায়ী গ্রন্থে পুষ্যমিত্র শুঙ্গকে ভারদ্বাজ গোত্রভুক্ত বলে উল্লেখ করা হয়েছে, আবার হরিবংশ পুরাণে তাকে কাশ্যপগোত্রীয় ব্রাহ্মণ বলে বর্ণনা করা হয়েছে। ঐতিহাসিক জে সি ঘোষ পুষ্যমিত্রকে দ্বৈয়মুষ্যায়ন (द्वैयमुष्यायन) বা দুই গোত্র বিশিষ্ট ব্রাহ্মণ বলে উল্লেখ করে এই সমস্যার সমাধানের চেষ্টা করেছেন। তার মতে পুষ্যমিত্রের পিতা ও মাতা ভারদ্বাজ ও কাশ্যপ দুই ভিন্ন গোত্রের ছিলেন বলে পুষ্যমিত্রের গোত্র দুইটি। অপস্তম্ভের প্রবর খণ্ডে শৌঙ্গশৈশিরি গোত্রের উল্লেখ রয়েছে। বিশ্বামিত্রকে পূর্বপুরুষ হিসেবে গণনা করে শৈশিরি গোত্র উদ্ভূত হয়েছে।\n\n Option A: বৃহদ্রথকে\n\n Option B: বিশ্বামিত্র\n\n Option C: পাণিনির\n\n Option D: পতঞ্জলির\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "পতঞ্জলির" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Instructions: A text is given in Marathi. Translate it from the Marathi language to the Panjabi language. The translation must not omit or add information to the original sentence.\nInput: ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰੀ ਯੁੱਧ ਸਮਾਰਕ ਦੀ ਸੰਰਚਨਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਚਾਰ ਸਮਕੇਂਦਰੀ ਸਰਕਲ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹਨ, ਜਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੇ ਨਾਮ ਹਨ ‘ਅਮਰ ਚੱਕਰ’, ‘ਵੀਰਤਾ ਚੱਕਰ’ ‘ਤਿਆਗ ਚੱਕਰ’ ਅਤੇ ‘ਰਕਸ਼ਕ ਚੱਕਰ’।\nOutput:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "राष्ट्रीय युद्ध स्मारकात 4 वर्तुळ असून, त्यांना ‘अमर चक्र’ ‘वीरता चक्र’ ‘त्याग चक्र’ आणि ‘रक्षक चक्र’ अशी नावे देण्यात आली आहेत." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Q: You are given a sentence in Japanese. Your job is to translate the Japanese sentence into Spanish.\n症状が行動に表れる 10年以上前に脳に変化が表れるんです症状が行動に表れる 10年以上前に脳に変化が表れるんです\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Hay cambios en el cerebro una década o más antes de ver los primeros signos de un cambio de comportamiento." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "The task is about translation from Telugu to English. While performing the translation you must preserve the original meaning. Do not include any words which are only limited to your native place.\n\nఅక్కడ మీ D.N.A. యొక్క" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "THERE'S YOUR D.N.A." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the task definition and input, reply with output. You are given a question-answer pair. Answer with their type. Pay attention that there may be more than one correct type, but you only have to choose one. In your responses, use of the following types: \n(1) Humans: Any individual or group of humans, including fictional ones (e.g., a group or organization of persons , an individual, title of a person, description of a person); \n(2) Event: Any phenomenon natural or artificial (e.g., named hurricanes, Battles, Wars, Sports events, Terrorist attacks); \n(3) Entity: A thing with distinct and independent existence (Animals, Organs of body, Colors, Inventions, books and other creative pieces, Currency name, Diseases, and medicine, Food, Musical instrument, Languages, Plants, Products, Religions, Sports, Elements and substances, Symbols and signs, Techniques and methods, Equivalent terms, Vehicles); \n(4) Facility: Something built for a particular purpose (Buildings, Airports, Highways, Bridges); \n(5) Location: A place (Cities, Countries, Mountains, States); \n(6) Law: Named documents made into laws (e.g., “the first amendment”, \"civil rights act\"); \n(7) Organization: an organized body of people with a particular purpose (Company names, e.g. Google, Cults or terrorist groups, e.g. Al Qaeda); \n(8) Date: Absolute or relative dates or periods, bigger than 1 day (Years, Range, e.g. from Monday to Tuesday, or during the 20th century, Approximate time); \n(9) Time: Any temporal range/unit that is shorter than a day (e.g., 2 o'clock, 1 pm); \n(10) Money: Monetary values, including unit (e.g., \"$26\", \"914$\"); \n(11) Quantity: postcodes or other codes, the number of sth, Ranks, fractions, speed, temperature, size, area, and volume, weight (e.g., \"26 degree\" \"17 inch\"); \n(12) Description: description and abstract concepts (e.g., the definition of something, the manner of an action, reasons); \n(13) Abbreviation: expression abbreviated (e.g., AMT = abbreviation of Amazon Mechanical Turk). Don't generate any word that is not mentioned in the list of types (Humans, Event, Entity, Facility, Location, Law, Organization, Date, Time, Money, Quantity, Description, Abbreviation). If you can not associate any of the given types with the provided question and answer pair, respond \"Other\".\n\nQuestion: What are some of the diverse range of fields scholars come to Anthrozoology from? (Answer: anthropology, sociology, biology, and philosophy).\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Entity." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "You are given a sentence in Italian. Your job is to translate the Italian sentence into Portugese.\n\nExample input: Ora, lungo il percorso, George segnala che la sua tecnologia, la tecnologia della biologia sintetica, sta accelerando molto più velocemente del tasso previsto dalla Legge di Moore.\nExample output: Ao longo do livro, George chama a atenção de que a sua tecnologia, a tecnologia da biologia sintética, está atualmente a acelerar a uma taxa 4 vezes superior à Lei de Moore.\nExample explanation: The Italian sentence is correctly translated into Portugese, because the meaning is preserved.\nQ: Io non posso promettere a mio figlio una vita priva di influenze - tutti noi veniamo influenzati - ma prometto di influenzare mio figlio con molteplici punti di vista.\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Sabem, não posso prometer a uma criança uma vida sem preconceitos — todos temos preconceitos — mas prometo influenciar a minha criança com múltiplas perspectivas." } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Generate an appropriate single-sentence summary for the given text such that it includes the main topic of the text.\n\nQ: By John SudworthBBC News, Shanghai And in the early part of this year, much of the gossip among the shop owners and stall holders centred on the goings on, and the money to be made, not far away on the other side of the dirty old Huangpu River, at the Shanghai Stock Exchange. \"I hadn't done any stock market investments before,\" Lin Jinxia tells me, \"but I was influenced by all the talk.\" Ms Lin lives at the top of seven flights of stairs, the landings of which are littered with dusty old bicycles, in a tiny apartment with her husband and her four-year-old son. They're migrant workers who arrived from Fujian Province five years ago and, through hard graft in their shop selling buttons to a bustling garment industry, they've saved themselves a tidy fortune. Then in May this year they ploughed a large chunk of it into the stock market, investing more than 200,000 RMB ($32,000: £20,000) into four separate stocks. It seemed a sensible enough spread with picks from the electronics, fashion and car-sales industries. But the timing was terrible. They all tanked, collectively standing now at just half of their original purchase price, amounting to a combined loss for Ms Lin and her husband of 100,000 RMB. \"I've lost so much of the money that I've worked so hard for,\" she says. \"Now I'm having to save and cut down on my spending. We don't earn much, it was all money from our hard work.\" In China, unlike in the European or US markets, individuals make up around 80% of the investors. Many of them are new and inexperienced, often following whim and rumour to make decisions and so the market is arguably more vulnerable to quick turnarounds in herd behaviour. Having been marching share prices up the hill for well over a year, on 12 June the crowd suddenly veered back down again and three weeks later almost a third of the value - $3.2 trillion - had been wiped away in three short weeks. 'I knew there were risks' Chen Zhihui's small tailors shop can be found - although not that easily - down a passageway close to Lin Jinxia's home. And like his neighbour, he too acted on the advice of all those who had, until recently, been making nice fat paper profits, not realising he was entering the fray at the worst possible moment. \"To me, personally, I knew there were risks,\" he tells me from his tiny workspace with his sewing machine whirring away beside us. He bought just one company, 10,000 RMB's worth of a Chinese steel-maker, only to find his shares suddenly trading at around half their original value. And while his losses are relatively small, Mr Chen is well aware that in almost every other shop and home in this district and beyond, there are others in a similar predicament, or fearing that they soon might be. \"If everyone lost 5,000 RMB it could add up to a big amount,\" he says. For many analysts that explains why the Chinese government has been so keen to stop the market sliding any further. Economic impact Once it saw a buoyant stock market as a key part of its strategic shift to a consumer society with rapidly increasing share ownership having the twin benefits of both recapitalising the country's big debt-laden firms and, at the same time, making the small punter feel richer. Now the Communist party faces the frightening prospect of the very opposite effect; as savings vanish into thin air, millions of investors are simultaneously tightening their belts with potentially chilling impacts for the Chinese economy and beyond. For now, it is only the late arrivals to China's stock market binge that have been burned, with the recent, sharp depreciation in value still comfortably outweighed by longer term gains going back a year and more. But the slew of measures the authorities have unleashed in the past few days are part of an attempt - perhaps futile - to stop things getting any worse. It has been criticised by outside observers, of course, as dangerous political meddling in the workings of the markets and their ability to put a proper price on risk. But then, it could be argued, that exact same charge could be levelled at the attempts to pump up the markets in the first place. Politics not economics Some analysts dismiss the fear that a full blown stock market collapse could precipitate a wider economic shock. \"The stock market is too small, too tiny, completely irrelevant,\" Chen Long, China economist at Gavekal Dragonomics tells me. \"It accounts for just 5% of Chinese household wealth and anyway the market is still up on where it was last year.\" Much more could yet be wiped off the value of Chinese shares, it would follow, before anyone needs to panic, least of all the government. So perhaps, if this view is correct, Beijing's actions are motivated by the need to contain the political fallout, rather than the economic. In the middle of an already tricky slowdown in GDP growth the last thing it needs is hordes of mom and pop stock traders taking to the streets. And so far, at least, that part of the strategy might be working with little sign of any anger. Despite her already heavy losses, Lin Jinxia's plan is to hang onto her massively devalued stock in the hope it rises again. \"I believe the government will come up with the right strategies,\" she tells me. Confident investor Liu Changrong is a restaurateur, selling noodles, pork chops and sticky rice a block or so's walk from Mr Chen the tailor. He is either canny or lucky, or both. \"You just need to buy at the right point,\" he tells me. He did exactly that, buying 200,000 RMB worth of shares in a large Chinese conglomerate last year and then selling them all in May, just below their peak. He made a very nice profit indeed, coming out more than 50%. You might think that would be a good place to call it a day. But despite the cautionary tales of his neighbours all around him he's still confident the government will turn things around. \"When the market improves, I'll get back in again,\" he tells me as he puts a big pan of water on to boil.\n\nA: Shanghai's old town - with its narrow alleys, pungent street food and tiny single room homes - may be being swept away by new development, but enough of it remains to sustain a vibrant community.\n**\nQ: Sayfullo Saipov, 29, said he intended to kill as many people as possible and \"felt good\" about the Halloween attack. The Uzbek immigrant, who faces federal terrorism charges, says he was inspired by so-called Islamic State. He was shot and injured by police at the scene. US President Donald Trump tweeted that he should receive the death penalty. The charges filed against Mr Saipov are federal, which means the government can override New York state's ban on capital punishment. What did the suspect say? Mr Saipov appeared in court in a wheelchair 24 hours after mowing down cyclists and pedestrians on a bike lane in Lower Manhattan on Tuesday. Six people died at the scene and two more in hospital. Twelve people were injured, four of whom remain in critical condition. Prosecutors say Mr Saipov spoke freely to them, waiving his right to avoid self-incrimination while in custody. According to federal court papers, he said: Mr Saipov was charged with one count of providing material support and resources to IS and another count of violence and destruction of motor vehicles. New York Police's Deputy Commissioner John Miller said the suspect appeared \"to have followed almost exactly to a 'T'\" IS instructions on how to carry out such an attack. The FBI says they have located a second Uzbek man, 32-year-old Mukhammadzoir Kadirov, who was wanted for questioning in connection with the attack. Who is the suspect? Sayfullo Saipov had reportedly lived in Tampa, Florida, before moving to Paterson, New Jersey. He arrived in America from Uzbekistan in 2010 and is a legal resident of the country. Uber confirmed he had been working as a driver for them. CBS News quotes an intelligence source as saying he was known to US authorities after his name was associated with the subjects of FBI counter-terrorism investigations in 2015. The source says he had some contact with individuals who were considered radicalised extremists, at least one of whom was Uzbek. It is unclear whether those being investigated were in the US or overseas. It is not known if Mr Saipov, who was not the main focus of the investigation, was interviewed at that time by the FBI. What has been the reaction? New York has increased the police presence at key transport hubs, and there will be additional uniformed and plain-clothes police on duty at Sunday's New York Marathon. President Trump said he was taking steps to end the diversity lottery programme - the immigration system under which the suspect entered the country. But on Thursday, the US president drew back from an earlier call to send the suspect to the US military prison at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, suggesting it would take too long. The administration says it has not ruled out adding Uzbekistan to a list of countries in the president's proposed travel ban. The mayor of New York City and the governor of New York state have both praised the resilience of New Yorkers - and urged people not to \"politicise\" a tragedy that took eight lives. Governor Andrew Cuomo and Mayor Bill de Blasio also suggested New York's strict gun control laws had ensured that high-powered weapons could not get into the hands of terrorists. How did the attack unfold? The attacker rented the truck from a New Jersey branch of retailer Home Depot on Tuesday afternoon before driving to New York City and entering the bike lane, police said. Video cameras show the van driving at very high speed, appearing to target bike riders and pedestrians. After the truck collided with a school bus, the truck driver emerged and brandished what appeared to be two weapons. Mr Saipov was shot and wounded at the scene by an NYPD officer who was alerted to the attack by witnesses. Knives, a paint gun and a pellet gun were recovered from the scene. It was the deadliest terror attack in the city since 11 September 2001. Who were the victims? A group of five Argentine friends celebrating the 30th anniversary of their college graduation were among the dead. The men - all aged 48 or 49 - were named as Hernán Diego Mendoza, Diego Enrique Angelini, Alejandro Damián Pagnucco, Ariel Erlij and Hernán Ferrucci. Belgian officials said Anne-Laure Decadt, a 31-year-old from Staden in Flanders, was also killed. Three Belgians were wounded. Two other victims, both Americans, have been identified as Darren Drake, 32, and Nicholas Cleves, 23.\n\nA: The main suspect in the New York truck rampage that killed eight people on Tuesday has told investigators he began planning the attack a year ago.\n\nQ: Jonathan MarcusDiplomatic correspondent@Diplo1on Twitter It has ensured the survival of the Assad regime at the same time expanding its own small military footprint in the country. But the diplomatic ramifications too have been considerable. It, not the United States, is the \"go to\" player. Russia is marshalling a loose alliance of Iran and Turkey to try to plot Syria's future. Even the Saudis have had to beat a path to Moscow's door. Russia drew its own lessons from a series of Western military interventions over the past two decades. It watched with alarm as the US and its allies hailed the upheavals of the Arab Spring as the dawn of a new era of democracy in the Middle East. Russia's conclusions were more pragmatic and more pessimistic. And it subsequently applied those lessons in Syria. Russia did not see the popular rebellion there as the positive harbinger of a new democratic order. Rather it was seen as part of a wider tide of instability rising across the region that threatened to lap over Russia's own borders. Crucially, it made a pragmatic assessment of the situation. It chose to stick with its long-time ally, Mr Assad. It defined its strategic goals quite narrowly and, crucially, it deployed sufficient military force to carry them out. In short, it saw an opportunity and acted. Russian air power, special forces and equipment gave a military backbone to President Assad's crumbling forces, with Iran's allies like Hezbollah and various other Shia militias providing badly needed foot soldiers. Together they allowed President Assad to defeat both rebel forces and so-called Islamic State across a significant part of the country. Syrian government forces and their allies have taken back all of Syria's major population centres. The opposition is not totally destroyed but it is largely demoralised. As Prof Joshua Landis, a Syrian expert at the University of Oklahoma, told me: \"There remain a number of militias that have not given up and continue to win foreign backing, but they are almost uniquely arranged along the border with Turkey. \"They will continue to give Assad a hard time, until he crushes them or comes to terms with Turkey about their disposition. \"Otherwise,\" he argues, \"the opposition has been largely dismantled. It is possible that secret cells will try to carry on with strikes on government buildings and explosions in crowded markets, but the Assad government demonstrated considerable skill and ruthlessness in rolling up such terror organisations before the uprising broke out.\" Russia has achieved this \"victory\" - if you want to call it that - by the simple exercise of realpolitik with little concern about what its many critics would call the morality of its actions. Russia sided with a regime that many people believe was not just turning its guns on its own people but was carrying out war crimes. It has shielded the Syrian government from pressure over strongly based allegations that it has used banned sarin gas and other chemical weapons. The Russian air campaign obeyed its own rules and typically used large numbers of \"dumb\" or unguided bombs and missiles. The US and its allies have tended to use largely precision-guided weapons in their operations over Iraq and Syria. (These, of course, still kill innocent civilians, often far more than the military spokesmen are prepared to admit.) But the fact remains that Western air power, mindful, not least, of public opinion at home, does go to great lengths to minimise civilian casualties as far as possible. Russia's leaders have no such constraints. And to the extent that Russian domestic opinion is a factor, Mr Putin has achieved success in Syria with relatively few Russian casualties and with a relatively limited military deployment. So is it all over for the Syrian opposition? Prof Landis says that \"it will be very hard for those that live in exile to maintain a serious military option in the future so long as Syria's neighbours are unwilling to sponsor them and provide them safe havens as they were in the past. \"Of course,\" he notes, \"millions of Syrian opposition members now living as refugees or outside the country revile Putin and Russia and continue to look to Western governments to destroy the Syrian regime and return them to their country. \"Like the White Russians of 100 years ago, (the exiled conservative opponents of the Bolshevik Revolution) they are likely to be disappointed.\" Russia has secured a military victory but can it win the \"peace\"? Well it emerges from this crisis with its diplomatic hand strengthened. In many ways it outplayed the Obama administration - Washington's efforts to build and arm a coherent Syrian opposition collapsed a number of times - and it has run rings round President Trump's team. Some of Washington's allies like Turkey, who had long called for President Assad's removal, ultimately decided that they needed to secure their own strategic interests. For Ankara this is the prevention of the emergence of any autonomous Kurdish entity and thus they have thrown in their lot with Moscow and Tehran. The Trump administration is yet to elaborate a coherent policy towards Syria or indeed for its broader goal of containing Iran's rising regional influence. It has few levers to pull. The only successful element of US strategy has been its support for and arming of Kurdish fighters. If the US maintains its support for the Kurds then Joshua Landis says Washington \"will be able to beggar the Syrian government and maintain leverage in the region. The US has helped the Kurds take control of most of Syria's oil and gas fields. This means that Syria will have a much harder time rebuilding. \"The US effort to keep Damascus weak and poor\", he says, \"will also limit the victory of both Russia and Iran in the region. But strategically, by choosing to side with the Kurds, Washington will continue to alienate Turkey, Syria and Iraq.\" But Mr Trump's stance towards the Kurds seems clouded in uncertainty with reports emerging that he has assured the Turks that arms supplies to Kurdish fighters will now be halted in the wake of IS's defeat. As so often with this presidency the news seems to have caught other members of the administration off balance. Such a stance may help to pacify Ankara but it will be seen as a betrayal by the Kurds and may weaken them if the Syrian government decides to go onto the offensive. Russia too may face diplomatic problems ahead. Moscow, Damascus, Ankara and Tehran may be united for now, but their medium-term strategic goals may differ. Russia is under pressure from the Israelis to curb Iran's influence in Syria. Israel may not be able to bring much diplomatic pressure to bear on Moscow but it clearly has the military power to seek to influence developments in Syria if it feels threatened. And will Turkey, Russia and Iran continue to see eye-to-eye ? Russia's real plans for Syria's future are unclear. It has assiduously worked with some opposition groups to bring them into local ceasefire arrangements. But this is essentially short-term. Will these hold? Will the Syrian regime have the manpower to maintain its control over the areas it has recaptured? Will the Shia militias and Hezbollah remain in the country? And whose interests will they be serving, Syria's or Iran's? Russia's \"victory\" - if you want to call it that - is far from complete. If Moscow really has a plan for Syria, few details have been provided so far. Russia certainly has a whip hand over the developing peace process, but its goals remain opaque. Will President Assad himself remain a fixture or merely the regime that he represents? For now though, Mr Putin has many achievements that he can bank. Russia has been shown to be a reliable ally. Its military forces have shown their ability to mount a complex expeditionary operation. Syria has provided a \"shop-window\" for many of Russia's most modern weapons systems. Russia is again a significant diplomatic player in the Middle East in a way that it has not been since the early 1970s. Indeed then it was probably already a waning force. Today it is a rising one facing a US diplomatic effort that is largely incoherent. Russia is back on the world stage. And if you set aside the misery and suffering in Syria to which all of the external actors have contributed, that ranks as an achievement in Mr Putin's playbook.\n\nA:" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Russia has emerged from the Syrian crisis with its military and diplomatic reputation significantly enhanced. But this has been achieved amid huge controversy over the means used and amid much international criticism.\n**\n" } ]
[ { "from": "human", "value": "Given the task definition and input, reply with output. In this task, you are given a sentence in the English language. Your job is to translate the English sentence into the Romanian language.\n\nChildren looking a sheep.\n" }, { "from": "gpt", "value": "Copiii căutând o oaie." } ]

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