---
id: 587d7790367417b2b2512ab0
title: Use tabindex to Add Keyboard Focus to an Element
challengeType: 0
videoUrl: 'https://scrimba.com/c/cmzMDHW'
forumTopicId: 301027
dashedName: use-tabindex-to-add-keyboard-focus-to-an-element
---

# --description--

The HTML `tabindex` attribute has three distinct functions relating to an element's keyboard focus. When it's on a tag, it indicates that the element can be focused on. The value (an integer that's positive, negative, or zero) determines the behavior.

Certain elements, such as links and form controls, automatically receive keyboard focus when a user tabs through a page. It's in the same order as the elements come in the HTML source markup. This same functionality can be given to other elements, such as `div`, `span`, and `p`, by placing a `tabindex="0"` attribute on them. Here's an example:

```html
<div tabindex="0">I need keyboard focus!</div>
```

**Note:** A negative `tabindex` value (typically -1) indicates that an element is focusable, but is not reachable by the keyboard. This method is generally used to bring focus to content programmatically (like when a `div` used for a pop-up window is activated), and is beyond the scope of these challenges.

# --instructions--

Camper Cat created a new survey to collect information about his users. He knows input fields automatically get keyboard focus, but he wants to make sure his keyboard users pause at the instructions while tabbing through the items. Add a `tabindex` attribute to the `p` tag and set its value to `0`. Bonus - using `tabindex` also enables the CSS pseudo-class `:focus` to work on the `p` tag.

# --hints--

Your code should add a `tabindex` attribute to the `p` tag that holds the form instructions.

```js
assert($('p').attr('tabindex'));
```

Your code should set the `tabindex` attribute on the `p` tag to a value of 0.

```js
assert($('p').attr('tabindex') == '0');
```

# --seed--

## --seed-contents--

```html
<head>
  <style>
  p:focus {
    background-color: yellow;
  }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <header>
    <h1>Ninja Survey</h1>
  </header>
  <section>
    <form>


      <p>Instructions: Fill in ALL your information then click <b>Submit</b></p>


      <label for="username">Username:</label>
      <input type="text" id="username" name="username"><br>
      <fieldset>
        <legend>What level ninja are you?</legend>
        <input id="newbie" type="radio" name="levels" value="newbie">
        <label for="newbie">Newbie Kitten</label><br>
        <input id="intermediate" type="radio" name="levels" value="intermediate">
        <label for="intermediate">Developing Student</label><br>
        <input id="master" type="radio" name="levels" value="master">
        <label for="master">9th Life Master</label>
      </fieldset>
      <br>
      <fieldset>
      <legend>Select your favorite weapons:</legend>
      <input id="stars" type="checkbox" name="weapons" value="stars">
      <label for="stars">Throwing Stars</label><br>
      <input id="nunchucks" type="checkbox" name="weapons" value="nunchucks">
      <label for="nunchucks">Nunchucks</label><br>
      <input id="sai" type="checkbox" name="weapons" value="sai">
      <label for="sai">Sai Set</label><br>
      <input id="sword" type="checkbox" name="weapons" value="sword">
      <label for="sword">Sword</label>
      </fieldset>
      <br>
      <input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit">
    </form><br>
  </section>
  <footer>&copy; 2018 Camper Cat</footer>
</body>
```

# --solutions--

```html
<head>
  <style>
  p:focus {
    background-color: yellow;
  }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <header>
    <h1>Ninja Survey</h1>
  </header>
  <section>
    <form>


      <p tabindex="0">Instructions: Fill in ALL your information then click <b>Submit</b></p>


      <label for="username">Username:</label>
      <input type="text" id="username" name="username"><br>
      <fieldset>
        <legend>What level ninja are you?</legend>
        <input id="newbie" type="radio" name="levels" value="newbie">
        <label for="newbie">Newbie Kitten</label><br>
        <input id="intermediate" type="radio" name="levels" value="intermediate">
        <label for="intermediate">Developing Student</label><br>
        <input id="master" type="radio" name="levels" value="master">
        <label for="master">9th Life Master</label>
      </fieldset>
      <br>
      <fieldset>
      <legend>Select your favorite weapons:</legend>
      <input id="stars" type="checkbox" name="weapons" value="stars">
      <label for="stars">Throwing Stars</label><br>
      <input id="nunchucks" type="checkbox" name="weapons" value="nunchucks">
      <label for="nunchucks">Nunchucks</label><br>
      <input id="sai" type="checkbox" name="weapons" value="sai">
      <label for="sai">Sai Set</label><br>
      <input id="sword" type="checkbox" name="weapons" value="sword">
      <label for="sword">Sword</label>
      </fieldset>
      <br>
      <input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit">
    </form><br>
  </section>
  <footer>&copy; 2018 Camper Cat</footer>
</body>
```
