---
id: 587d78b0367417b2b2512b05
title: Tengeneza Ukurasa wa Hati za Kiufundi
challengeType: 14
forumTopicId: 301146
dashedName: build-a-technical-documentation-page
---

# --description--

**Lengo:** Unda programu ambayo inafanya kazi sawa na <a href="https://technical-documentation-page.freecodecamp.rocks" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">https://technical-documentation-page.freecodecamp.rocks</a>

**Maelekezo:**

1. Unaweza kuona kipengele cha `main` chenye `id="main-doc"`, ambacho kina maudhui kuu ya ukurasa (hati za kiufundi)
1. Ndani ya kipengele cha `#main-doc`, unaweza kuona vipengele kadhaa vya `section`, kila kimoja kikiwa na class ya`main-section`. Kunapaswa kuwa na angalau tano
1. Kipengele cha kwanza ndani ya kila `.main-section` kinapaswa kuwa na kipengele cha `header`, ambacho kina maandishi yanayofafanua mada ya sehemu hiyo.
1. Kila kipengele cha `section` chenye class ya `main-section` lazima pia kiwe na `id` ambayo inalingana na maandishi ya kila `header` zilizomo ndani yake. Nafasi zozote zinapaswa kubadilishwa na mistari chini (k.m. Sehemu iliyo na kichwa "JavaScript na Java" inapaswa kuwa na `id="JavaScript_and_Java"` inayolingana)
1. Vipengele vya `.main-section` vinapaswa kuwa na angalau vipengele kumi vya `p` (si kila kimoja)
1. Vipengele vya `.main-section` vinapaswa kuwa na angalau vipengele vitano vya `code` (si kila kimoja)
1. Vipengele vya `.main-section` vinapaswa kuwa na angalau vipengele vitano vya `li` (si kila kimoja)
1. Unaweza kuona kipengele cha `nav` chenye `id="navbar"`
1. Kipengele cha navbari kinapaswa kuwa na kipengele kimoja cha `header` ambacho kina maandishi yanayoelezea mada ya hati za kiufundi
1. Zaidi ya hayo, navbar inapaswa kuwa na viungo (`a`) vipengele vilivyo na class ya `nav-link`. Lazima kuwe na moja kwa kila kipengele chenye class ya `main-section`
1. Kipengele cha `header` katika `#navbar` lazima kije kabla ya kiungo chochote (`a`) kwenye navbar
1. Kila kipengele kilicho na class ya `nav-link` kinapaswa kuwa na maandishi yanayolingana na maandishi ya `header` ndani ya kila `section` (k.m. ikiwa una sehemu/kichwa "Hello world", navbar yako inapaswa kuwa na kipengele ambacho kina maandishi "Hello world")
1. Unapobofya kipengele cha navbar, ukurasa unapaswa kuabiri hadi sehemu inayolingana ya kipengele cha `#main-doc` (k.m. Ukibofya kipengele cha `.nav-link` ambacho kina maandishi "Hello world", ukurasa husogea hadi kwenye kipengele cha `section` chenye kitambulisho hicho, na kina kichwa sambamba)
1. Kwenye vifaa vya ukubwa wa kawaida (laptop, kompyuta za mezani), kipengele chenye `id="navbar"` kinapaswa kuonyeshwa upande wa kushoto wa skrini na kinapaswa kuonekana kwa mtumiaji kila wakati
1. Hati zako za kiufundi zinapaswa kutumia angalau media query moja

Timiza maelezo na upite majaribio yote hapa chini ili kukamilisha mradi huu. Ipe muundo wako wa kibinafsi. Happy Coding!

**Kumbuka:** Hakikisha umeongeza `<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">` katika HTML yako ili kuunganisha stylesheet yako na utumie CSS yako

# --hints--

Unapaswa kuwa na kipengele cha `main` chenye `id` ya `main-doc`.

```js
const el = document.getElementById('main-doc')
assert(!!el)
```

Unapaswa kuwa na angalau vipengele vitano vya `section` vyenye class ya `main-section`.

```js
const els = document.querySelectorAll('#main-doc section')
assert(els.length >= 5)
```

Vipengele vyako vyote vya `.main-section` vinapaswa kuwa vipenegele vya `section`.

```js
const els = document.querySelectorAll('.main-section')
els.forEach(el => {
  if (el.tagName !== 'SECTION') assert(false)
})
assert(els.length > 0)
```

Unapaswa kuwa na angalau vipengele vitano vya `.main-section` ambavyo ni vizazi vya `#main-doc`.

```js
const els = document.querySelectorAll('#main-doc .main-section')
assert(els.length >= 5)
```

Mtoto wa kwanza wa `.main-section` inapaswa kuwa na kipengele cha `header`.

```js
const els = document.querySelectorAll('.main-section')
els.forEach(el => {
  if(el.firstElementChild?.tagName !== 'HEADER') assert(false)
})
assert(els.length > 0)
```

Hakuna kati ya vipengele vyako vya `header` vinavyopaswa kuwa tupu.

```js
const els = document.querySelectorAll('header')
els.forEach(el => {
  if (el.innerText?.length <= 0) assert(false)
})
assert(els.length > 0)
```

Vipengele vyako vyote vya `.main-section` vinapaswa kuwa na `id`.

```js
const els = document.querySelectorAll('.main-section')
els.forEach(el => {
  if (!el.id || el.id === '') assert(false)
})
assert(els.length > 0)
```

Kila `.main-section` inapaswa kuwa na `id` inayolingana na maandishi ya mtoto wake wa kwanza, na nafasi yoyote katika maandishi ya mtoto ikibadilishwa na underscores (`_`) kwa id's.

```js
const els = document.querySelectorAll('.main-section')
els.forEach(el => {
  const text = el.firstElementChild?.innerText?.replaceAll(' ', '_')
  if (el.id?.toUpperCase() !== text?.toUpperCase()) assert(false)
})
assert(els.length > 0)
```

Unapaswa kuwa na angalau vipengele 10 vya `p` (jumla) ndani ya vipengee vyako vya `.main-section`.

```js
const els = document.querySelectorAll('.main-section p')
assert(els.length >= 10)
```

Unapaswa kuwa na angalau vipengele vitano vya `code` ambavyo ni vizazi vya vipengele vya `.main-section`.

```js
const els = document.querySelectorAll('.main-section code')
assert(els.length >= 5)
```

Unapaswa kuwa na angalau vipengele vitano vya `li` ambavyo ni vizazi vya vipengele vya `.main-section`.

```js
const els = document.querySelectorAll('.main-section li')
assert(els.length >= 5)
```

Unapaswa kuwa na kipengele cha `nav` chenye `id` ya `navbar`.

```js
const el = document.getElementById('navbar')
assert(!!el && el.tagName === 'NAV')
```

`#navbar` yako inapaswa kuwa na `header` kimoja ndani yake.

```js
const els = document.querySelectorAll('#navbar header')
assert(els.length === 1)
```

Unapaswa kuwa na angalau kipengele kimoja cha `a` chenye class ya `nav-link`.

```js
const els = document.querySelectorAll('a.nav-link')
assert(els.length >= 1)
```

Vipengele vyako vyote vya `.nav-link` vinapaswa kuwa na vipengee (`a`).

```js
const els = document.querySelectorAll('.nav-link')
els.forEach(el => {
  if (el.tagName !== 'A') assert(false)
})
assert(els.length > 0)
```

Vipengele vyako vyote vya `.nav-link` vinapaswa kuwa katika `#navbar`.

```js
const els1 = document.querySelectorAll('.nav-link')
const els2 = document.querySelectorAll('#navbar .nav-link')
assert(els2.length > 0 && els1.length === els2.length)
```

Unapaswa kuwa na nambari sawa ya vipengele vya `.nav-link` na `.main-section`.

```js
const els1 = document.querySelectorAll('.main-section')
const els2 = document.querySelectorAll('.nav-link')
assert(els1.length > 0 && els2.length > 0 && els1.length === els2.length)
```

Kipengele cha `header` katika `#navbar` kinafaa kuja kabla ya vipengele vyovyote vya kiungo (`a`) katika `#navbar`.

```js
const navLinks = document.querySelectorAll('#navbar a.nav-link');
const header = document.querySelector('#navbar header');
navLinks.forEach((navLink) => {
  if (
    (
      header.compareDocumentPosition(navLink) &
      Node.DOCUMENT_POSITION_PRECEDING
    ) 
  ) assert(false)
});
assert(!!header)
```

Kila `.nav-link` inapaswa kuwa na maandishi yanayolingana na `header` maandishi ya `section` yake inayohusiana (k.m. ikiwa una sehemu ya "Hello world", `#navbar` yako inapaswa kuwa na `.nav-link` ambayo ina maandishi "Hello world").

```js
const headerText = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('.main-section')).map(el =>
  el.firstElementChild?.innerText?.trim().toUpperCase()
)
const linkText = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('.nav-link')).map(el =>
  el.innerText?.trim().toUpperCase()
)
const remainder = headerText.filter(str => linkText.indexOf(str) === -1)
assert(headerText.length > 0 && headerText.length > 0 && remainder.length === 0)
```

Kila `.nav-link` inapaswa kuwa na sifa ya `href` inayounganishwa na `.main-section` inayolingana (k.m. Ukibofya kipengele cha `.nav-link` ambacho kina maandishi "Hello world", ukurasa husogea hadi kwenye kipengele cha `section` chenye kitambulisho hicho).

```js
const hrefValues = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('.nav-link')).map(el => el.getAttribute('href'))
const mainSectionIDs = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('.main-section')).map(el => el.id)
const missingHrefValues = mainSectionIDs.filter(str => hrefValues.indexOf('#' + str) === -1)
assert(hrefValues.length > 0 && mainSectionIDs.length > 0 && missingHrefValues.length === 0)
```

`#navbar` inapaswa kuwa juu ya viewport kila wakati.

```js
const el = document.getElementById('navbar')
const left1 = el?.offsetLeft
const left2 = el?.offsetLeft
assert(!!el && left1 >= -15 && left1 <= 15 && left2 >= -15 && left2 <= 15)
```

Hati zako za kiufundi zinapaswa kutumia angalau media query moja.

```js
const htmlSourceAttr = Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('source')).map(el => el.getAttribute('media'))
const cssCheck = new __helpers.CSSHelp(document).getCSSRules('media')
assert(cssCheck.length > 0 || htmlSourceAttr.length > 0);
```

# --seed--

## --seed-contents--

```html

```

```css

```

## --solutions--

```html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css" />
    <title>Technical Documentation Page</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <nav id="navbar">
      <header><br />Algebraic Concepts</header>
      <hr />
      <a href="#introduction" class="nav-link">Introduction</a><br />
      <hr />
      <a href="#definitions" class="nav-link">Definitions</a><br />
      <hr />
      <a href="#examples" class="nav-link">Examples</a><br />
      <hr />
      <a href="#solving_equations" class="nav-link">Solving Equations</a><br />
      <hr />
      <a href="#solving_equations_ii" class="nav-link">Solving Equations II</a
      ><br />
      <hr />
      <a href="#solving_equations_iii" class="nav-link">Solving Equations III</a
      ><br />
      <hr />
      <a href="#system_of_equations" class="nav-link">System of Equations</a
      ><br />
      <hr />
      <a href="#try_it_yourself!" class="nav-link">Try it Yourself!</a><br />
      <hr />
      <a href="#more_information" class="nav-link">More Information</a><br />
    </nav>
    <main id="main-doc">
      <section class="main-section" id="introduction">
        <header>Introduction</header>
        <p>
          Welcome to a basic introduction of algebra. In this tutorial, we will
          review some of the more common algebraic concepts.
        </p>
      </section>
      <section class="main-section" id="definitions">
        <header>Definitions</header>
        <p>
          To start with, let's define some of the more common terms used in
          algebra:
        </p>
        <ul>
          <li>
            <b>Variable:</b> A variable is an unknown value, usually represented
            by a letter.
          </li>
          <li>
            <b>Expression:</b> Essentially a mathematical object. For the
            purpose of this tutorial, an expression is one part of an equation.
          </li>
          <li>
            <b>Equation:</b> An equation is a mathematical argument in which two
            expressions result in the same value.
          </li>
        </ul>
      </section>
      <section class="main-section" id="examples">
        <header>Examples</header>
        <p>
          Sometimes it is easier to understand the definitions when you have a
          physical example to look at. Here is an example of the above terms.<br /><br />
          <code>x + 5 = 12 </code><br /><br />
          In this above example, we have:
        </p>
        <ul>
          <li><b>Variable:</b> The variable in the example is "x".</li>
          <li>
            <b>Expression:</b> There are two expressions in this example. They
            are "x+5" and "12".
          </li>
          <li>
            <b>Equation:</b> The entire example, "x+5=12", is an equation.
          </li>
        </ul>
      </section>
      <section class="main-section" id="solving_equations">
        <header>Solving Equations</header>
        <p>
          The primary use for algebra is to determine an unknown value, the
          "variable", with the information provided. Continuing to use our
          example from above, we can find the value of the variable "x".<br /><br />
          <code>x + 5 = 12 </code><br /><br />
          In an equation, both sides result in the same value. So you can
          manipulate the two expressions however you need, as long as you
          perform the same operation (or change) to each side. You do this
          because the goal when solving an equation is to
          <b
            >get the variable into its own expression, or by itself on one side
            of the = sign.</b
          ><br />For this example, we want to remove the "+5" so the "x" is
          alone. To do this, we can <em>subtract 5</em>, because subtraction is
          the opposite operation to addition. But remember, we have to perform
          the same operation to both sides of the equation. Now our equation
          looks like this.<br /><br />
          <code>x + 5 - 5 = 12 - 5</code><br /><br />
          The equation looks like a mess right now, because we haven't completed
          the operations. We can <b>simplify</b> this equation to make it easier
          to read by performing the operations "5-5" and "12-5". The result
          is:<br /><br />
          <code>x = 7</code><br /><br />
          We now have our solution to this equation!
        </p>
      </section>
      <section class="main-section" id="solving_equations_ii">
        <header>Solving Equations II</header>
        <p>
          Let us look at a slightly more challenging equation.<br /><br />
          <code>3x + 4 = 13</code><br /><br />
          Again we can start with subtraction. In this case, we want to subtract
          4 from each side of the equation. We will also go ahead and simplify
          with each step. So now we have:<br /><br />
          <code>3x = 9</code><br /><br />
          "3x" translates to "3*x", where the "*" symbol indicates
          multiplication. We use the "*" to avoid confusion, as the "x" is now a
          variable instead of a multiplication symbol. The opposite operation
          for multiplication is division, so we need to
          <b>divide each expression by 3</b>.<br /><br />
          <code>x = 3</code><br /><br />
          And now we have our solution!
        </p>
      </section>
      <section class="main-section" id="solving_equations_iii">
        <header>Solving Equations III</header>
        <p>
          Now we are getting in to more complex operations. Here is another
          equation for us to look at:<br /><br />
          <code>x^2 - 8 = 8</code><br /><br />
          Our very first step will be to <b>add</b> 8 to each side. This is
          different from our previous examples, where we had to subtract. But
          remember, our goal is to get the variable alone by performing opposite
          operations.<br /><br />
          <code>x^2 = 16</code><br /><br />
          But what does the "^2" mean? The "^" symbol is used to denote
          exponents in situations where superscript is not available. When
          superscript <b>is</b> available, you would see it as x<sup>2</sup>.
          For the sake of this project, however, we will use the "^" symbol.<br />
          An exponent tells you how many times the base (in our case, "x") is
          multiplied by itself. So, "x^2" would be the same as "x*x". Now the
          opposite function of multiplication is division, but we would have to
          <b>divide both sides by "x"</b>. We do not want to do this, as that
          would put an "x" on the other side of the equation. So instead, we
          need to use the root operation! For an exponent of "2", we call this
          the "square root" and denote it with "√". Our equation is now:
          <br /><br />
          <code>x = √9</code><br /><br />
          Performing a root operation by hand can be a tedious process, so we
          recommend using a calculator when necessary. However, we are lucky in
          that "9" is a
          <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_number"
            >perfect square</a
          >, so we do not need to calculate anything. Instead, we find our
          answer to be:<br /><br />
          <code>x = 3</code>
        </p>
      </section>
      <section class="main-section" id="system_of_equations">
        <header>System of Equations</header>
        <p>
          As you explore your algebra studies further, you may start to run
          across equations with more than one variable. The first such equations
          will likely look like:<br /><br />
          <code>y = 3x</code><br /><br />
          An equation like this does <b>not have one single solution</b>.
          Rather, there are a series of values for which the equation is true.
          For example, if "x=3" and "y=9", the equation is true. These equations
          are usually used to plot a graph. <br />
          Getting more complicated, though, you may be given a <b>pair</b> of
          equations. This is called a "system of equations", and CAN be solved.
          Let's look at how we do this! Consider the following system of
          equations:<br /><br />
          <code>y = 3x | y - 6 = x</code>
          A system of equations IS solvable, but it is a multi-step process. To
          get started, we need to choose a variable we are solving for. Let's
          solve for "x" first. From the second equation, we know that "x" equals
          "y - 6", but we cannot simplify that further because we do not have a
          value for "y". Except, thanks to the system of equations, we DO have a
          value for "y". We know that "y" equals "3x". So, looking at our second
          equation, we can replace "y" with "3x" because they have the same
          value. We then get:<br /><br />
          <code>3x - 6 = x</code><br /><br />
          Now we can solve for "x"! We start by adding 6 to each side.<br /><br />
          <code>3x = x + 6</code><br /><br />
          We still need to get "x" by itself, so we subtract "x" from both sides
          and get:<br /><br />
          <code>2x = 6</code><br /><br />
          If this confuses you, remember that "3x" is the same as "x+x+x".
          Subtract an "x" from that and you get "x+x", or "2x". Now we divide
          both sides by 2 and have our value for x!<br /><br />
          <code>x = 3</code><br /><br />
          However, our work is not done yet. We still need to find the value for
          "y". Let's go back to our first equation:<br /><br />
          <code>y = 3x</code><br /><br />
          We have a value for "x" now, so let's see what happens if we put that
          value in.<br /><br />
          <code>y = 3*3</code><br /><br />
          We perform the multiplication and discover that "y=9"! Our solution to
          this system of equations then is:<br /><br />
          <code>x = 3 and y = 9</code><br /><br />
        </p>
      </section>
      <section class="main-section" id="try_it_yourself!">
        <header>Try it Yourself!</header>
        <p>Coming Soon!</p>
        <p>Keep an eye out for new additions!</p>
      </section>
      <section class="main-section" id="more_information">
        <header>More Information</header>
        <p>Check out the following links for more information!</p>
        <ul>
          <li>
            <a href="https://www.wolframalpha.com/examples/mathematics/algebra/"
              >Wolfram Alpha</a
            >
            is a great source for multiple mathematic fields.
          </li>
          <li>
            <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebra"
              >Wikipedia's Algebra page</a
            >
            for more general information.
          </li>
        </ul>
      </section>
    </main>
  </body>
  <footer>
    <a href="../">Return to Project List</a> |
    <a href="https://www.nhcarrigan.com">Return to HomePage</a>
  </footer>
</html>
```

```css
* {
  background-color: #3a3240;
}
a {
  color: #92869c;
}
a:hover {
  background-color: #92869c;
  color: #3a3240;
}
#navbar {
  border-style: solid;
  border-width: 5px;
  border-color: #92869c;
  height: 100%;
  top: -5px;
  left: -5px;
  padding: 5px;
  text-align: center;
  color: #92869c
}
@media (min-width: 480px) {
  #navbar {
    position: fixed;
  }
}
main {
  margin-left: 220px;
  color: #92869c
}
header {
  font-size: 20pt;
}
code {
  background-color: #92869c;
  border-style: dashed;
  border-width: 2px;
  border-color: #92869c;
  padding: 5px;
  color: black;
}
footer {
  text-align: center;
}
```
