/**
 * Copyright (c) 2012, JGraph Ltd
 */
package com.mxgraph.io;

import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Map;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;

import com.mxgraph.model.mxCell;
import com.mxgraph.model.mxCellPath;
import com.mxgraph.model.mxICell;
import com.mxgraph.util.mxDomUtils;

/**
 * XML codec for Java object graphs. In order to resolve forward references
 * when reading files the XML document that contains the data must be passed
 * to the constructor.
 */
public class mxCodec
{

	/**
	 * Holds the owner document of the codec.
	 */
	protected Document document;

	/**
	 * Maps from IDs to objects.
	 */
	protected Map<String, Object> objects = new Hashtable<String, Object>();

	/**
	 * Maps from IDs to elements.
	 */
	protected Map<String, Node> elements = null;

	/**
	 * Specifies if default values should be encoded. Default is false.
	 */
	protected boolean encodeDefaults = false;

	/**
	 * Constructs an XML encoder/decoder with a new owner document.
	 */
	public mxCodec()
	{
		this(mxDomUtils.createDocument());
	}

	/**
	 * Constructs an XML encoder/decoder for the specified owner document.
	 * 
	 * @param document Optional XML document that contains the data. If no document
	 * is specified then a new document is created using mxUtils.createDocument
	 */
	public mxCodec(Document document)
	{
		if (document == null)
		{
			document = mxDomUtils.createDocument();
		}

		this.document = document;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the owner document of the codec.
	 * 
	 * @return Returns the owner document.
	 */
	public Document getDocument()
	{
		return document;
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the owner document of the codec.
	 */
	public void setDocument(Document value)
	{
		document = value;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns if default values of member variables should be encoded.
	 */
	public boolean isEncodeDefaults()
	{
		return encodeDefaults;
	}

	/**
	 * Sets if default values of member variables should be encoded.
	 */
	public void setEncodeDefaults(boolean encodeDefaults)
	{
		this.encodeDefaults = encodeDefaults;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the object lookup table.
	 */
	public Map<String, Object> getObjects()
	{
		return objects;
	}

	/**
	 * Assoiates the given object with the given ID.
	 * 
	 * @param id ID for the object to be associated with.
	 * @param object Object to be associated with the ID.
	 * @return Returns the given object.
	 */
	public Object putObject(String id, Object object)
	{
		return objects.put(id, object);
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the decoded object for the element with the specified ID in
	 * {@link #document}. If the object is not known then {@link #lookup(String)}
	 * is used to find an object. If no object is found, then the element with
	 * the respective ID from the document is parsed using {@link #decode(Node)}.
	 * 
	 * @param id ID of the object to be returned.
	 * @return Returns the object for the given ID.
	 */
	public Object getObject(String id)
	{
		Object obj = null;

		if (id != null)
		{
			obj = objects.get(id);

			if (obj == null)
			{
				obj = lookup(id);

				if (obj == null)
				{
					Node node = getElementById(id);

					if (node != null)
					{
						obj = decode(node);
					}
				}
			}
		}

		return obj;
	}

	/**
	 * Hook for subclassers to implement a custom lookup mechanism for cell IDs.
	 * This implementation always returns null.
	 * 
	 * @param id ID of the object to be returned.
	 * @return Returns the object for the given ID.
	 */
	public Object lookup(String id)
	{
		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the element with the given ID from the document.
	 * 
	 * @param id ID of the element to be returned.
	 * @return Returns the element for the given ID.
	 */
	public Node getElementById(String id)
	{
		if (elements == null)
		{
			elements = new Hashtable<String, Node>();
			addElement(document.getDocumentElement());
		}
		
		return elements.get(id);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Adds the given element to <elements> if it has an ID.
	 */
	protected void addElement(Node node)
	{
		if (node instanceof Element)
		{
			String id = ((Element) node).getAttribute("id");
			
			if (id != null && !elements.containsKey(id))
			{
				elements.put(id,  node);
			}
		}
		
		node = node.getFirstChild();
		
		while (node != null)
		{
			addElement(node);
			node = node.getNextSibling();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Returns the ID of the specified object. This implementation calls
	 * reference first and if that returns null handles the object as an
	 * mxCell by returning their IDs using mxCell.getId. If no ID exists for
	 * the given cell, then an on-the-fly ID is generated using
	 * mxCellPath.create.
	 * 
	 * @param obj Object to return the ID for.
	 * @return Returns the ID for the given object.
	 */
	public String getId(Object obj)
	{
		String id = null;

		if (obj != null)
		{
			id = reference(obj);

			if (id == null && obj instanceof mxICell)
			{
				id = ((mxICell) obj).getId();

				if (id == null)
				{
					// Uses an on-the-fly Id
					id = mxCellPath.create((mxICell) obj);

					if (id.length() == 0)
					{
						id = "root";
					}
				}
			}
		}

		return id;
	}

	/**
	 * Hook for subclassers to implement a custom method for retrieving IDs from
	 * objects. This implementation always returns null.
	 * 
	 * @param obj Object whose ID should be returned.
	 * @return Returns the ID for the given object.
	 */
	public String reference(Object obj)
	{
		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * Encodes the specified object and returns the resulting XML node.
	 * 
	 * @param obj Object to be encoded.
	 * @return Returns an XML node that represents the given object.
	 */
	public Node encode(Object obj)
	{
		Node node = null;

		if (obj != null)
		{
			String name = mxCodecRegistry.getName(obj);
			mxObjectCodec enc = mxCodecRegistry.getCodec(name);

			if (enc != null)
			{
				node = enc.encode(this, obj);
			}
			else
			{
				if (obj instanceof Node)
				{
					node = ((Node) obj).cloneNode(true);
				}
				else
				{
					System.err.println("No codec for " + name);
				}
			}
		}

		return node;
	}

	/**
	 * Decodes the given XML node using {@link #decode(Node, Object)}.
	 * 
	 * @param node XML node to be decoded.
	 * @return Returns an object that represents the given node.
	 */
	public Object decode(Node node)
	{
		return decode(node, null);
	}

	/**
	 * Decodes the given XML node. The optional "into" argument specifies an
	 * existing object to be used. If no object is given, then a new
	 * instance is created using the constructor from the codec.
	 * 
	 * The function returns the passed in object or the new instance if no
	 * object was given.
	 * 
	 * @param node XML node to be decoded.
	 * @param into Optional object to be decodec into.
	 * @return Returns an object that represents the given node.
	 */
	public Object decode(Node node, Object into)
	{
		Object obj = null;

		if (node != null && node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE)
		{
			mxObjectCodec codec = mxCodecRegistry.getCodec(node.getNodeName());

			try
			{
				if (codec != null)
				{
					obj = codec.decode(this, node, into);
				}
				else
				{
					obj = node.cloneNode(true);
					((Element) obj).removeAttribute("as");
				}
			}
			catch (Exception e)
			{
				System.err.println("Cannot decode " + node.getNodeName() + ": "
						+ e.getMessage());
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}

		return obj;
	}

	/**
	 * Encoding of cell hierarchies is built-into the core, but is a
	 * higher-level function that needs to be explicitely used by the
	 * respective object encoders (eg. mxModelCodec, mxChildChangeCodec
	 * and mxRootChangeCodec). This implementation writes the given cell
	 * and its children as a (flat) sequence into the given node. The
	 * children are not encoded if the optional includeChildren is false.
	 * The function is in charge of adding the result into the given node
	 * and has no return value.
	 * 
	 * @param cell mxCell to be encoded.
	 * @param node Parent XML node to add the encoded cell into.
	 * @param includeChildren Boolean indicating if the method
	 * should include all descendents.
	 */
	public void encodeCell(mxICell cell, Node node, boolean includeChildren)
	{
		node.appendChild(encode(cell));

		if (includeChildren)
		{
			int childCount = cell.getChildCount();

			for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++)
			{
				encodeCell(cell.getChildAt(i), node, includeChildren);
			}
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Decodes cells that have been encoded using inversion, ie. where the
	 * user object is the enclosing node in the XML, and restores the group
	 * and graph structure in the cells. Returns a new <mxCell> instance
	 * that represents the given node.
	 * 
	 * @param node XML node that contains the cell data.
	 * @param restoreStructures Boolean indicating whether the graph
	 * structure should be restored by calling insert and insertEdge on the
	 * parent and terminals, respectively.
	 * @return Graph cell that represents the given node.
	 */
	public mxICell decodeCell(Node node, boolean restoreStructures)
	{
		mxICell cell = null;

		if (node != null && node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE)
		{
			// Tries to find a codec for the given node name. If that does
			// not return a codec then the node is the user object (an XML node
			// that contains the mxCell, aka inversion).
			mxObjectCodec decoder = mxCodecRegistry
					.getCodec(node.getNodeName());

			// Tries to find the codec for the cell inside the user object.
			// This assumes all node names inside the user object are either
			// not registered or they correspond to a class for cells.
			if (!(decoder instanceof mxCellCodec))
			{
				Node child = node.getFirstChild();

				while (child != null && !(decoder instanceof mxCellCodec))
				{
					decoder = mxCodecRegistry.getCodec(child.getNodeName());
					child = child.getNextSibling();
				}

				String name = mxCell.class.getSimpleName();
				decoder = mxCodecRegistry.getCodec(name);
			}

			if (!(decoder instanceof mxCellCodec))
			{
				String name = mxCell.class.getSimpleName();
				decoder = mxCodecRegistry.getCodec(name);
			}

			cell = (mxICell) decoder.decode(this, node);

			if (restoreStructures)
			{
				insertIntoGraph(cell);
			}
		}

		return cell;
	}
	
	/**
	 * Inserts the given cell into its parent and terminal cells.
	 */
	public void insertIntoGraph(mxICell cell)
	{
		mxICell parent = cell.getParent();
		mxICell source = cell.getTerminal(true);
		mxICell target = cell.getTerminal(false);

		// Fixes possible inconsistencies during insert into graph
		cell.setTerminal(null, false);
		cell.setTerminal(null, true);
		cell.setParent(null);
		
		if (parent != null)
		{
			parent.insert(cell);
		}

		if (source != null)
		{
			source.insertEdge(cell, true);
		}

		if (target != null)
		{
			target.insertEdge(cell, false);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * Sets the attribute on the specified node to value. This is a
	 * helper method that makes sure the attribute and value arguments
	 * are not null.
	 *
	 * @param node XML node to set the attribute for.
	 * @param attribute Name of the attribute whose value should be set.
	 * @param value New value of the attribute.
	 */
	public static void setAttribute(Node node, String attribute, Object value)
	{
		if (node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE && attribute != null
				&& value != null)
		{
			((Element) node).setAttribute(attribute, String.valueOf(value));
		}
	}

}
