itextpdf-master/itext/src/main/java/com/itextpdf/text/pdf/CFFFont.java
/*
 *
 * This file is part of the iText (R) project.
    Copyright (c) 1998-2022 iText Group NV
 * Authors: Bruno Lowagie, Paulo Soares, et al.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License version 3
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation with the addition of the
 * following permission added to Section 15 as permitted in Section 7(a):
 * FOR ANY PART OF THE COVERED WORK IN WHICH THE COPYRIGHT IS OWNED BY
 * ITEXT GROUP. ITEXT GROUP DISCLAIMS THE WARRANTY OF NON INFRINGEMENT
 * OF THIRD PARTY RIGHTS
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
 * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
 * See the GNU Affero General Public License for more details.
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses or write to
 * the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor,
 * Boston, MA, 02110-1301 USA, or download the license from the following URL:
 * http://itextpdf.com/terms-of-use/
 *
 * The interactive user interfaces in modified source and object code versions
 * of this program must display Appropriate Legal Notices, as required under
 * Section 5 of the GNU Affero General Public License.
 *
 * In accordance with Section 7(b) of the GNU Affero General Public License,
 * a covered work must retain the producer line in every PDF that is created
 * or manipulated using iText.
 *
 * You can be released from the requirements of the license by purchasing
 * a commercial license. Buying such a license is mandatory as soon as you
 * develop commercial activities involving the iText software without
 * disclosing the source code of your own applications.
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 * serving PDFs on the fly in a web application, shipping iText with a closed
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 * address: sales@itextpdf.com
 */

/*
 * Comments by the original author, Sivan Toledo:
 * I created this class in order to add to iText the ability to utilize
 * OpenType fonts with CFF glyphs (these usually have an .otf extension).
 * The CFF font within the CFF table of the OT font might be either a CID
 * or a Type1 font. (CFF fonts may also contain multiple fonts; I do not
 * know if this is allowed in an OT table). The PDF spec, however, only
 * allow a CID font with an Identity-H or Identity-V encoding. Otherwise,
 * you are limited to an 8-bit encoding.
 * Adobe fonts come in both flavors. That is, the OTFs sometimes have
 * a CID CFF inside (for Japanese fonts), and sometimes a Type1 CFF
 * (virtually all the others, Latin/Greek/Cyrillic). So to easily use
 * all the glyphs in the latter, without creating multiple 8-bit encoding,
 * I wrote this class, whose main purpose is to convert a Type1 font inside
 * a CFF container (which might include other fonts) into a CID CFF font
 * that can be directly embeded in the PDF.
 *
 * Limitations of the current version:
 * 1. It does not extract a single CID font from a CFF that contains that
 *    particular CID along with other fonts. The Adobe Japanese OTF's that
 *    I have only have one font in the CFF table, so these can be
 *    embeded in the PDF as is.
 * 2. It does not yet subset fonts.
 * 3. It may or may not work on CFF fonts that are not within OTF's.
 *    I didn't try that. In any case, that would probably only be
 *    useful for subsetting CID fonts, not for CFF Type1 fonts (I don't
 *    think there are any available.
 * I plan to extend the class to support these three features at some
 * future time.
 */

package com.itextpdf.text.pdf;

import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedList;

import com.itextpdf.text.ExceptionConverter;

public class CFFFont {

    static final String operatorNames[] = {
        "version", "Notice", "FullName", "FamilyName",
        "Weight", "FontBBox", "BlueValues", "OtherBlues",
        "FamilyBlues", "FamilyOtherBlues", "StdHW", "StdVW",
        "UNKNOWN_12", "UniqueID", "XUID", "charset",
        "Encoding", "CharStrings", "Private", "Subrs",
        "defaultWidthX", "nominalWidthX", "UNKNOWN_22", "UNKNOWN_23",
        "UNKNOWN_24", "UNKNOWN_25", "UNKNOWN_26", "UNKNOWN_27",
        "UNKNOWN_28", "UNKNOWN_29", "UNKNOWN_30", "UNKNOWN_31",
        "Copyright", "isFixedPitch", "ItalicAngle", "UnderlinePosition",
        "UnderlineThickness", "PaintType", "CharstringType", "FontMatrix",
        "StrokeWidth", "BlueScale", "BlueShift", "BlueFuzz",
        "StemSnapH", "StemSnapV", "ForceBold", "UNKNOWN_12_15",
        "UNKNOWN_12_16", "LanguageGroup", "ExpansionFactor", "initialRandomSeed",
        "SyntheticBase", "PostScript", "BaseFontName", "BaseFontBlend",
        "UNKNOWN_12_24", "UNKNOWN_12_25", "UNKNOWN_12_26", "UNKNOWN_12_27",
        "UNKNOWN_12_28", "UNKNOWN_12_29", "ROS", "CIDFontVersion",
        "CIDFontRevision", "CIDFontType", "CIDCount", "UIDBase",
        "FDArray", "FDSelect", "FontName"
    };

    static final String standardStrings[] = {
        // Automatically generated from Appendix A of the CFF specification; do
        // not edit. Size should be 391.
        ".notdef", "space", "exclam", "quotedbl", "numbersign", "dollar",
        "percent", "ampersand", "quoteright", "parenleft", "parenright",
        "asterisk", "plus", "comma", "hyphen", "period", "slash", "zero", "one",
        "two", "three", "four", "five", "six", "seven", "eight", "nine", "colon",
        "semicolon", "less", "equal", "greater", "question", "at", "A", "B", "C",
        "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R",
        "S", "T", "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z", "bracketleft", "backslash",
        "bracketright", "asciicircum", "underscore", "quoteleft", "a", "b", "c",
        "d", "e", "f", "g", "h", "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p", "q", "r",
        "s", "t", "u", "v", "w", "x", "y", "z", "braceleft", "bar", "braceright",
        "asciitilde", "exclamdown", "cent", "sterling", "fraction", "yen",
        "florin", "section", "currency", "quotesingle", "quotedblleft",
        "guillemotleft", "guilsinglleft", "guilsinglright", "fi", "fl", "endash",
        "dagger", "daggerdbl", "periodcentered", "paragraph", "bullet",
        "quotesinglbase", "quotedblbase", "quotedblright", "guillemotright",
        "ellipsis", "perthousand", "questiondown", "grave", "acute", "circumflex",
        "tilde", "macron", "breve", "dotaccent", "dieresis", "ring", "cedilla",
        "hungarumlaut", "ogonek", "caron", "emdash", "AE", "ordfeminine", "Lslash",
        "Oslash", "OE", "ordmasculine", "ae", "dotlessi", "lslash", "oslash", "oe",
        "germandbls", "onesuperior", "logicalnot", "mu", "trademark", "Eth",
        "onehalf", "plusminus", "Thorn", "onequarter", "divide", "brokenbar",
        "degree", "thorn", "threequarters", "twosuperior", "registered", "minus",
        "eth", "multiply", "threesuperior", "copyright", "Aacute", "Acircumflex",
        "Adieresis", "Agrave", "Aring", "Atilde", "Ccedilla", "Eacute",
        "Ecircumflex", "Edieresis", "Egrave", "Iacute", "Icircumflex", "Idieresis",
        "Igrave", "Ntilde", "Oacute", "Ocircumflex", "Odieresis", "Ograve",
        "Otilde", "Scaron", "Uacute", "Ucircumflex", "Udieresis", "Ugrave",
        "Yacute", "Ydieresis", "Zcaron", "aacute", "acircumflex", "adieresis",
        "agrave", "aring", "atilde", "ccedilla", "eacute", "ecircumflex",
        "edieresis", "egrave", "iacute", "icircumflex", "idieresis", "igrave",
        "ntilde", "oacute", "ocircumflex", "odieresis", "ograve", "otilde",
        "scaron", "uacute", "ucircumflex", "udieresis", "ugrave", "yacute",
        "ydieresis", "zcaron", "exclamsmall", "Hungarumlautsmall",
        "dollaroldstyle", "dollarsuperior", "ampersandsmall", "Acutesmall",
        "parenleftsuperior", "parenrightsuperior", "twodotenleader",
        "onedotenleader", "zerooldstyle", "oneoldstyle", "twooldstyle",
        "threeoldstyle", "fouroldstyle", "fiveoldstyle", "sixoldstyle",
        "sevenoldstyle", "eightoldstyle", "nineoldstyle", "commasuperior",
        "threequartersemdash", "periodsuperior", "questionsmall", "asuperior",
        "bsuperior", "centsuperior", "dsuperior", "esuperior", "isuperior",
        "lsuperior", "msuperior", "nsuperior", "osuperior", "rsuperior",
        "ssuperior", "tsuperior", "ff", "ffi", "ffl", "parenleftinferior",
        "parenrightinferior", "Circumflexsmall", "hyphensuperior", "Gravesmall",
        "Asmall", "Bsmall", "Csmall", "Dsmall", "Esmall", "Fsmall", "Gsmall",
        "Hsmall", "Ismall", "Jsmall", "Ksmall", "Lsmall", "Msmall", "Nsmall",
        "Osmall", "Psmall", "Qsmall", "Rsmall", "Ssmall", "Tsmall", "Usmall",
        "Vsmall", "Wsmall", "Xsmall", "Ysmall", "Zsmall", "colonmonetary",
        "onefitted", "rupiah", "Tildesmall", "exclamdownsmall", "centoldstyle",
        "Lslashsmall", "Scaronsmall", "Zcaronsmall", "Dieresissmall", "Brevesmall",
        "Caronsmall", "Dotaccentsmall", "Macronsmall", "figuredash",
        "hypheninferior", "Ogoneksmall", "Ringsmall", "Cedillasmall",
        "questiondownsmall", "oneeighth", "threeeighths", "fiveeighths",
        "seveneighths", "onethird", "twothirds", "zerosuperior", "foursuperior",
        "fivesuperior", "sixsuperior", "sevensuperior", "eightsuperior",
        "ninesuperior", "zeroinferior", "oneinferior", "twoinferior",
        "threeinferior", "fourinferior", "fiveinferior", "sixinferior",
        "seveninferior", "eightinferior", "nineinferior", "centinferior",
        "dollarinferior", "periodinferior", "commainferior", "Agravesmall",
        "Aacutesmall", "Acircumflexsmall", "Atildesmall", "Adieresissmall",
        "Aringsmall", "AEsmall", "Ccedillasmall", "Egravesmall", "Eacutesmall",
        "Ecircumflexsmall", "Edieresissmall", "Igravesmall", "Iacutesmall",
        "Icircumflexsmall", "Idieresissmall", "Ethsmall", "Ntildesmall",
        "Ogravesmall", "Oacutesmall", "Ocircumflexsmall", "Otildesmall",
        "Odieresissmall", "OEsmall", "Oslashsmall", "Ugravesmall", "Uacutesmall",
        "Ucircumflexsmall", "Udieresissmall", "Yacutesmall", "Thornsmall",
        "Ydieresissmall", "001.000", "001.001", "001.002", "001.003", "Black",
        "Bold", "Book", "Light", "Medium", "Regular", "Roman", "Semibold"
    };

    //private String[] strings;
    public String getString(char sid) {
        if (sid < standardStrings.length) return standardStrings[sid];
        if (sid >= standardStrings.length+stringOffsets.length-1) return null;
        int j = sid - standardStrings.length;
        //java.lang.System.err.println("going for "+j);
        int p = getPosition();
        seek(stringOffsets[j]);
        StringBuffer s = new StringBuffer();
        for (int k=stringOffsets[j]; k<stringOffsets[j+1]; k++) {
            s.append(getCard8());
        }
        seek(p);
        return s.toString();
    }

    char getCard8() {
        try {
            byte i = buf.readByte();
            return (char)(i & 0xff);
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            throw new ExceptionConverter(e);
        }
    }

    char getCard16() {
        try {
            return buf.readChar();
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            throw new ExceptionConverter(e);
        }
    }

    int getOffset(int offSize) {
        int offset = 0;
        for (int i=0; i<offSize; i++) {
            offset *= 256;
            offset += getCard8();
        }
        return offset;
    }

    void seek(int offset) {
        try {
            buf.seek(offset);
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            throw new ExceptionConverter(e);
        }
    }

    short getShort() {
        try {
            return buf.readShort();
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            throw new ExceptionConverter(e);
        }
    }

    int getInt() {
        try {
            return buf.readInt();
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            throw new ExceptionConverter(e);
        }
    }

    int getPosition() {
        try {
            return (int)buf.getFilePointer();
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            throw new ExceptionConverter(e);
        }
    }
    int nextIndexOffset;
    // read the offsets in the next index
    // data structure, convert to global
    // offsets, and return them.
    // Sets the nextIndexOffset.
    int[] getIndex(int nextIndexOffset) {
        int count, indexOffSize;

        seek(nextIndexOffset);
        count = getCard16();
        int[] offsets = new int[count+1];

        if (count==0) {
            offsets[0] = -1;
            nextIndexOffset += 2; // TODO death store to local var .. should this be this.nextIndexOffset ?
            return offsets;
        }

        indexOffSize = getCard8();

        for (int j=0; j<=count; j++) {
        	//nextIndexOffset = ofset to relative segment
            offsets[j] = nextIndexOffset
			//2-> count in the index header. 1->offset size in index header
            + 2+1
			//offset array size * offset size
            + (count+1)*indexOffSize
			//???zero <-> one base
            - 1
			// read object offset relative to object array base
            + getOffset(indexOffSize);
        }
        //nextIndexOffset = offsets[count];
        return offsets;
    }

    protected String   key;
    protected Object[] args      = new Object[48];
    protected int      arg_count = 0;

    protected void getDictItem() {
        for (int i=0; i<arg_count; i++) args[i]=null;
        arg_count = 0;
        key = null;
        boolean gotKey = false;

        while (!gotKey) {
            char b0 = getCard8();
            if (b0 == 29) {
                int item = getInt();
                args[arg_count] = Integer.valueOf(item);
                arg_count++;
                //System.err.println(item+" ");
                continue;
            }
            if (b0 == 28) {
                short item = getShort();
                args[arg_count] = Integer.valueOf(item);
                arg_count++;
                //System.err.println(item+" ");
                continue;
            }
            if (b0 >= 32 && b0 <= 246) {
                byte item = (byte) (b0-139);
                args[arg_count] = Integer.valueOf(item);
                arg_count++;
                //System.err.println(item+" ");
                continue;
            }
            if (b0 >= 247 && b0 <= 250) {
                char b1 = getCard8();
                short item = (short) ((b0-247)*256+b1+108);
                args[arg_count] = Integer.valueOf(item);
                arg_count++;
                //System.err.println(item+" ");
                continue;
            }
            if (b0 >= 251 && b0 <= 254) {
                char b1 = getCard8();
                short item = (short) (-(b0-251)*256-b1-108);
                args[arg_count] = Integer.valueOf(item);
                arg_count++;
                //System.err.println(item+" ");
                continue;
            }
            if (b0 == 30) {
                StringBuilder item = new StringBuilder("");
                boolean done = false;
                char buffer = 0;
                byte avail = 0;
                int  nibble = 0;
                while (!done) {
                    // get a nibble
                    if (avail==0) { buffer = getCard8(); avail=2; }
                    if (avail==1) { nibble = buffer / 16; avail--; }
                    if (avail==2) { nibble = buffer % 16; avail--; }
                    switch (nibble) {
                        case 0xa: item.append(".") ; break;
                        case 0xb: item.append("E") ; break;
                        case 0xc: item.append("E-"); break;
                        case 0xe: item.append("-") ; break;
                        case 0xf: done=true   ; break;
                        default:
                            if (nibble >= 0 && nibble <= 9)
                            	item.append(String.valueOf(nibble));
                            else {
                                item.append("<NIBBLE ERROR: ").append(nibble).append('>');
                                done = true;
                            }
                            break;
                    }
                }
                args[arg_count] = item.toString();
                arg_count++;
                //System.err.println(" real=["+item+"]");
                continue;
            }
            if (b0 <= 21) {
                gotKey=true;
                if (b0 != 12) key = operatorNames[b0];
                else key = operatorNames[32 + getCard8()];
                //for (int i=0; i<arg_count; i++)
                //  System.err.print(args[i].toString()+" ");
                //System.err.println(key+" ;");
                continue;
            }
        }
    }

    /** List items for the linked list that builds the new CID font.
     */

    protected static abstract class Item {
        protected int myOffset = -1;
        /** remember the current offset and increment by item's size in bytes. */
        public void increment(int[] currentOffset) {
            myOffset = currentOffset[0];
        }
        /** Emit the byte stream for this item. */
        public void emit(byte[] buffer) {}
        /** Fix up cross references to this item (applies only to markers). */
        public void xref() {}
    }

    protected static abstract class OffsetItem extends Item {
        public int value;
        /** set the value of an offset item that was initially unknown.
         * It will be fixed up latex by a call to xref on some marker.
         */
        public void set(int offset) { this.value = offset; }
    }


    /** A range item.
     */

    protected static final class RangeItem extends Item {
        public int offset, length;
        private RandomAccessFileOrArray buf;
        public RangeItem(RandomAccessFileOrArray buf, int offset, int length) {
            this.offset = offset;
            this.length = length;
            this.buf = buf;
        }
        @Override
        public void increment(int[] currentOffset) {
            super.increment(currentOffset);
            currentOffset[0] += length;
        }
        @Override
        public void emit(byte[] buffer) {
            //System.err.println("range emit offset "+offset+" size="+length);
            try {
                buf.seek(offset);
                for (int i=myOffset; i<myOffset+length; i++)
                    buffer[i] = buf.readByte();
            }
            catch (Exception e) {
                throw new ExceptionConverter(e);
            }
            //System.err.println("finished range emit");
        }
    }

    /** An index-offset item for the list.
     * The size denotes the required size in the CFF. A positive
     * value means that we need a specific size in bytes (for offset arrays)
     * and a negative value means that this is a dict item that uses a
     * variable-size representation.
     */
    static protected final class IndexOffsetItem extends OffsetItem {
        public final int size;
        public IndexOffsetItem(int size, int value) {this.size=size; this.value=value;}
        public IndexOffsetItem(int size) {this.size=size; }

        @Override
        public void increment(int[] currentOffset) {
            super.increment(currentOffset);
            currentOffset[0] += size;
        }
        @Override
        public void emit(byte[] buffer) {
            int i=0;
            switch (size) {
                case 4:
                    buffer[myOffset+i] = (byte) (value >>> 24 & 0xff);
                    i++;
                case 3:
                    buffer[myOffset+i] = (byte) (value >>> 16 & 0xff);
                    i++;
                case 2:
                    buffer[myOffset+i] = (byte) (value >>>  8 & 0xff);
                    i++;
                case 1:
                    buffer[myOffset+i] = (byte) (value >>>  0 & 0xff);
                    i++;
            }
            /*
            int mask = 0xff;
            for (int i=size-1; i>=0; i--) {
                buffer[myOffset+i] = (byte) (value & mask);
                mask <<= 8;
            }
             */
        }
    }

    static protected final class IndexBaseItem extends Item {
        public IndexBaseItem() {}
    }

    static protected final class IndexMarkerItem extends Item {
        private OffsetItem offItem;
        private IndexBaseItem indexBase;
        public IndexMarkerItem(OffsetItem offItem, IndexBaseItem indexBase) {
            this.offItem   = offItem;
            this.indexBase = indexBase;
        }
        @Override
        public void xref() {
            //System.err.println("index marker item, base="+indexBase.myOffset+" my="+this.myOffset);
            offItem.set(this.myOffset-indexBase.myOffset+1);
        }
    }
    /**
     * TODO To change the template for this generated type comment go to
     * Window - Preferences - Java - Code Generation - Code and Comments
     */
    static protected final class SubrMarkerItem extends Item {
        private OffsetItem offItem;
        private IndexBaseItem indexBase;
        public SubrMarkerItem(OffsetItem offItem, IndexBaseItem indexBase) {
            this.offItem   = offItem;
            this.indexBase = indexBase;
        }
        @Override
        public void xref() {
            //System.err.println("index marker item, base="+indexBase.myOffset+" my="+this.myOffset);
            offItem.set(this.myOffset-indexBase.myOffset);
        }
    }


    /** an unknown offset in a dictionary for the list.
     * We will fix up the offset later; for now, assume it's large.
     */
    static protected final class DictOffsetItem extends OffsetItem {
        public final int size;
        public DictOffsetItem() {this.size=5; }

        @Override
        public void increment(int[] currentOffset) {
            super.increment(currentOffset);
            currentOffset[0] += size;
        }
        // this is incomplete!
        @Override
        public void emit(byte[] buffer) {
            if (size==5) {
                buffer[myOffset]   = 29;
                buffer[myOffset+1] = (byte) (value >>> 24 & 0xff);
                buffer[myOffset+2] = (byte) (value >>> 16 & 0xff);
                buffer[myOffset+3] = (byte) (value >>>  8 & 0xff);
                buffer[myOffset+4] = (byte) (value >>>  0 & 0xff);
            }
        }
    }

	/** Card24 item.
     */

    static protected final class UInt24Item extends Item {
        public int value;
        public UInt24Item(int value) {this.value=value;}

        @Override
        public void increment(int[] currentOffset) {
            super.increment(currentOffset);
            currentOffset[0] += 3;
        }
        // this is incomplete!
        @Override
        public void emit(byte[] buffer) {
        	buffer[myOffset+0] = (byte) (value >>> 16 & 0xff);
            buffer[myOffset+1] = (byte) (value >>> 8 & 0xff);
            buffer[myOffset+2] = (byte) (value >>> 0 & 0xff);
        }
    }

    /** Card32 item.
     */

    static protected final class UInt32Item extends Item {
        public int value;
        public UInt32Item(int value) {this.value=value;}

        @Override
        public void increment(int[] currentOffset) {
            super.increment(currentOffset);
            currentOffset[0] += 4;
        }
        // this is incomplete!
        @Override
        public void emit(byte[] buffer) {
        	buffer[myOffset+0] = (byte) (value >>> 24 & 0xff);
        	buffer[myOffset+1] = (byte) (value >>> 16 & 0xff);
            buffer[myOffset+2] = (byte) (value >>> 8 & 0xff);
            buffer[myOffset+3] = (byte) (value >>> 0 & 0xff);
        }
    }

    /** A SID or Card16 item.
     */

    static protected final class UInt16Item extends Item {
        public char value;
        public UInt16Item(char value) {this.value=value;}

        @Override
        public void increment(int[] currentOffset) {
            super.increment(currentOffset);
            currentOffset[0] += 2;
        }
        // this is incomplete!
        @Override
        public void emit(byte[] buffer) {
            buffer[myOffset+0] = (byte) (value >>> 8 & 0xff);
            buffer[myOffset+1] = (byte) (value >>> 0 & 0xff);
        }
    }

    /** A Card8 item.
     */

    static protected final class UInt8Item extends Item {
        public char value;
        public UInt8Item(char value) {this.value=value;}

        @Override
        public void increment(int[] currentOffset) {
            super.increment(currentOffset);
            currentOffset[0] += 1;
        }
        // this is incomplete!
        @Override
        public void emit(byte[] buffer) {
            buffer[myOffset+0] = (byte) (value >>> 0 & 0xff);
        }
    }

    static protected final class StringItem extends Item {
        public String s;
        public StringItem(String s) {this.s=s;}

        @Override
        public void increment(int[] currentOffset) {
            super.increment(currentOffset);
            currentOffset[0] += s.length();
        }
        @Override
        public void emit(byte[] buffer) {
            for (int i=0; i<s.length(); i++)
                buffer[myOffset+i] = (byte) (s.charAt(i) & 0xff);
        }
    }


    /** A dictionary number on the list.
     * This implementation is inefficient: it doesn't use the variable-length
     * representation.
     */

    static protected final class DictNumberItem extends Item {
        public final int value;
        public int size = 5;
        public DictNumberItem(int value) {this.value=value;}
        @Override
        public void increment(int[] currentOffset) {
            super.increment(currentOffset);
            currentOffset[0] += size;
        }
        // this is incomplete!
        @Override
        public void emit(byte[] buffer) {
            if (size==5) {
                buffer[myOffset]   = 29;
                buffer[myOffset+1] = (byte) (value >>> 24 & 0xff);
                buffer[myOffset+2] = (byte) (value >>> 16 & 0xff);
                buffer[myOffset+3] = (byte) (value >>>  8 & 0xff);
                buffer[myOffset+4] = (byte) (value >>>  0 & 0xff);
            }
        }
    }

    /** An offset-marker item for the list.
     * It is used to mark an offset and to set the offset list item.
     */

    static protected final class MarkerItem extends Item {
        OffsetItem p;
        public MarkerItem(OffsetItem pointerToMarker) {p=pointerToMarker;}
        @Override
        public void xref() {
            p.set(this.myOffset);
        }
    }

    /** a utility that creates a range item for an entire index
     *
     * @param indexOffset where the index is
     * @return a range item representing the entire index
     */

    protected RangeItem getEntireIndexRange(int indexOffset) {
        seek(indexOffset);
        int count = getCard16();
        if (count==0) {
            return new RangeItem(buf,indexOffset,2);
        } else {
            int indexOffSize = getCard8();
            seek(indexOffset+2+1+count*indexOffSize);
            int size = getOffset(indexOffSize)-1;
            return new RangeItem(buf,indexOffset,
            2+1+(count+1)*indexOffSize+size);
        }
    }


    /** get a single CID font. The PDF architecture (1.4)
     * supports 16-bit strings only with CID CFF fonts, not
     * in Type-1 CFF fonts, so we convert the font to CID if
     * it is in the Type-1 format.
     * Two other tasks that we need to do are to select
     * only a single font from the CFF package (this again is
     * a PDF restriction) and to subset the CharStrings glyph
     * description.
     */


    public byte[] getCID(String fontName)
    //throws java.io.FileNotFoundException
    {
        int j;
        for (j=0; j<fonts.length; j++)
            if (fontName.equals(fonts[j].name)) break;
        if (j==fonts.length) return null;

        LinkedList<Item> l = new LinkedList<Item>();

        // copy the header

        seek(0);

        int major = getCard8();
        int minor = getCard8();
        int hdrSize = getCard8();
        int offSize = getCard8();
        nextIndexOffset = hdrSize;

        l.addLast(new RangeItem(buf,0,hdrSize));

        int nglyphs=-1, nstrings=-1;
        if ( ! fonts[j].isCID ) {
            // count the glyphs
            seek(fonts[j].charstringsOffset);
            nglyphs = getCard16();
            seek(stringIndexOffset);
            nstrings = getCard16()+standardStrings.length;
            //System.err.println("number of glyphs = "+nglyphs);
        }

        // create a name index

        l.addLast(new UInt16Item((char)1)); // count
        l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)1)); // offSize
        l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)1)); // first offset
        l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)( 1+fonts[j].name.length() )));
        l.addLast(new StringItem(fonts[j].name));

        // create the topdict Index


        l.addLast(new UInt16Item((char)1)); // count
        l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)2)); // offSize
        l.addLast(new UInt16Item((char)1)); // first offset
        OffsetItem topdictIndex1Ref = new IndexOffsetItem(2);
        l.addLast(topdictIndex1Ref);
        IndexBaseItem topdictBase = new IndexBaseItem();
        l.addLast(topdictBase);

        /*
        int maxTopdictLen = (topdictOffsets[j+1]-topdictOffsets[j])
                            + 9*2 // at most 9 new keys
                            + 8*5 // 8 new integer arguments
                            + 3*2;// 3 new SID arguments
         */

        //int    topdictNext = 0;
        //byte[] topdict = new byte[maxTopdictLen];

        OffsetItem charsetRef     = new DictOffsetItem();
        OffsetItem charstringsRef = new DictOffsetItem();
        OffsetItem fdarrayRef     = new DictOffsetItem();
        OffsetItem fdselectRef    = new DictOffsetItem();

        if ( !fonts[j].isCID ) {
            // create a ROS key
            l.addLast(new DictNumberItem(nstrings));
            l.addLast(new DictNumberItem(nstrings+1));
            l.addLast(new DictNumberItem(0));
            l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)12));
            l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)30));
            // create a CIDCount key
            l.addLast(new DictNumberItem(nglyphs));
            l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)12));
            l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)34));
            // What about UIDBase (12,35)? Don't know what is it.
            // I don't think we need FontName; the font I looked at didn't have it.
        }

        // create an FDArray key
        l.addLast(fdarrayRef);
        l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)12));
        l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)36));
        // create an FDSelect key
        l.addLast(fdselectRef);
        l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)12));
        l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)37));
        // create an charset key
        l.addLast(charsetRef);
        l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)15));
        // create a CharStrings key
        l.addLast(charstringsRef);
        l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)17));

        seek(topdictOffsets[j]);
        while (getPosition() < topdictOffsets[j+1]) {
            int p1 = getPosition();
            getDictItem();
            int p2 = getPosition();
            if (key=="Encoding"
            || key=="Private"
            || key=="FDSelect"
            || key=="FDArray"
            || key=="charset"
            || key=="CharStrings"
            ) {
                // just drop them
            } else {
                l.add(new RangeItem(buf,p1,p2-p1));
            }
        }

        l.addLast(new IndexMarkerItem(topdictIndex1Ref,topdictBase));

        // Copy the string index and append new strings.
        // We need 3 more strings: Registry, Ordering, and a FontName for one FD.
        // The total length is at most "Adobe"+"Identity"+63 = 76

        if (fonts[j].isCID) {
            l.addLast(getEntireIndexRange(stringIndexOffset));
        } else {
            String fdFontName = fonts[j].name+"-OneRange";
            if (fdFontName.length() > 127)
                fdFontName = fdFontName.substring(0,127);
            String extraStrings = "Adobe"+"Identity"+fdFontName;

            int origStringsLen = stringOffsets[stringOffsets.length-1]
            - stringOffsets[0];
            int stringsBaseOffset = stringOffsets[0]-1;

            byte stringsIndexOffSize;
            if (origStringsLen+extraStrings.length() <= 0xff) stringsIndexOffSize = 1;
            else if (origStringsLen+extraStrings.length() <= 0xffff) stringsIndexOffSize = 2;
            else if (origStringsLen+extraStrings.length() <= 0xffffff) stringsIndexOffSize = 3;
            else stringsIndexOffSize = 4;

            l.addLast(new UInt16Item((char)(stringOffsets.length-1+3))); // count
            l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)stringsIndexOffSize)); // offSize
            for (int stringOffset : stringOffsets)
                l.addLast(new IndexOffsetItem(stringsIndexOffSize,
                stringOffset-stringsBaseOffset));
            int currentStringsOffset = stringOffsets[stringOffsets.length-1]
            - stringsBaseOffset;
            //l.addLast(new IndexOffsetItem(stringsIndexOffSize,currentStringsOffset));
            currentStringsOffset += "Adobe".length();
            l.addLast(new IndexOffsetItem(stringsIndexOffSize,currentStringsOffset));
            currentStringsOffset += "Identity".length();
            l.addLast(new IndexOffsetItem(stringsIndexOffSize,currentStringsOffset));
            currentStringsOffset += fdFontName.length();
            l.addLast(new IndexOffsetItem(stringsIndexOffSize,currentStringsOffset));

            l.addLast(new RangeItem(buf,stringOffsets[0],origStringsLen));
            l.addLast(new StringItem(extraStrings));
        }

        // copy the global subroutine index

        l.addLast(getEntireIndexRange(gsubrIndexOffset));

        // deal with fdarray, fdselect, and the font descriptors

        if (fonts[j].isCID) {
            // copy the FDArray, FDSelect, charset
        } else {
            // create FDSelect
            l.addLast(new MarkerItem(fdselectRef));
            l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)3)); // format identifier
            l.addLast(new UInt16Item((char)1)); // nRanges

            l.addLast(new UInt16Item((char)0)); // Range[0].firstGlyph
            l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)0)); // Range[0].fd

            l.addLast(new UInt16Item((char)nglyphs)); // sentinel

            // recreate a new charset
            // This format is suitable only for fonts without subsetting

            l.addLast(new MarkerItem(charsetRef));
            l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)2)); // format identifier

            l.addLast(new UInt16Item((char)1)); // first glyph in range (ignore .notdef)
            l.addLast(new UInt16Item((char)(nglyphs-1))); // nLeft
            // now all are covered, the data structure is complete.

            // create a font dict index (fdarray)

            l.addLast(new MarkerItem(fdarrayRef));
            l.addLast(new UInt16Item((char)1));
            l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)1)); // offSize
            l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)1)); // first offset

            OffsetItem privateIndex1Ref = new IndexOffsetItem(1);
            l.addLast(privateIndex1Ref);
            IndexBaseItem privateBase = new IndexBaseItem();
            l.addLast(privateBase);

            // looking at the PS that acrobat generates from a PDF with
            // a CFF opentype font embedded with an identity-H encoding,
            // it seems that it does not need a FontName.
            //l.addLast(new DictNumberItem((standardStrings.length+(stringOffsets.length-1)+2)));
            //l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)12));
            //l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)38)); // FontName

            l.addLast(new DictNumberItem(fonts[j].privateLength));
            OffsetItem privateRef = new DictOffsetItem();
            l.addLast(privateRef);
            l.addLast(new UInt8Item((char)18)); // Private

            l.addLast(new IndexMarkerItem(privateIndex1Ref,privateBase));

            // copy the private index & local subroutines

            l.addLast(new MarkerItem(privateRef));
            // copy the private dict and the local subroutines.
            // the length of the private dict seems to NOT include
            // the local subroutines.
            l.addLast(new RangeItem(buf,fonts[j].privateOffset,fonts[j].privateLength));
            if (fonts[j].privateSubrs >= 0) {
                //System.err.println("has subrs="+fonts[j].privateSubrs+" ,len="+fonts[j].privateLength);
                l.addLast(getEntireIndexRange(fonts[j].privateSubrs));
            }
        }

        // copy the charstring index

        l.addLast(new MarkerItem(charstringsRef));
        l.addLast(getEntireIndexRange(fonts[j].charstringsOffset));

        // now create the new CFF font

        int[] currentOffset = new int[1];
        currentOffset[0] = 0;

        Iterator<Item> listIter = l.iterator();
        while ( listIter.hasNext() ) {
            Item item = listIter.next();
            item.increment(currentOffset);
        }

        listIter = l.iterator();
        while ( listIter.hasNext() ) {
            Item item = listIter.next();
            item.xref();
        }

        int size = currentOffset[0];
        byte[] b = new byte[size];

        listIter = l.iterator();
        while ( listIter.hasNext() ) {
            Item item = listIter.next();
            item.emit(b);
        }

        return b;
    }


    public boolean isCID(String fontName) {
        int j;
        for (j=0; j<fonts.length; j++)
            if (fontName.equals(fonts[j].name)) return fonts[j].isCID;
        return false;
    }

    public boolean exists(String fontName) {
        int j;
        for (j=0; j<fonts.length; j++)
            if (fontName.equals(fonts[j].name)) return true;
        return false;
    }


    public String[] getNames() {
        String[] names = new String[ fonts.length ];
        for (int i=0; i<fonts.length; i++)
            names[i] = fonts[i].name;
        return names;
    }
    /**
     * A random Access File or an array
     */
    protected RandomAccessFileOrArray buf;
    private int offSize;

    protected int nameIndexOffset;
    protected int topdictIndexOffset;
    protected int stringIndexOffset;
    protected int gsubrIndexOffset;
    protected int[] nameOffsets;
    protected int[] topdictOffsets;
    protected int[] stringOffsets;
    protected int[] gsubrOffsets;

    /**
     * TODO Changed from private to protected by Ygal&Oren
     */
    protected final class Font {
        public String    name;
        public String    fullName;
        public boolean   isCID = false;
        public int       privateOffset     = -1; // only if not CID
        public int       privateLength     = -1; // only if not CID
        public int       privateSubrs      = -1;
        public int       charstringsOffset = -1;
        public int       encodingOffset    = -1;
        public int       charsetOffset     = -1;
        public int       fdarrayOffset     = -1; // only if CID
        public int       fdselectOffset    = -1; // only if CID
        public int[]     fdprivateOffsets;
        public int[]     fdprivateLengths;
        public int[]     fdprivateSubrs;

        // Added by Oren & Ygal
        public int nglyphs;
        public int nstrings;
        public int CharsetLength;
        public int[]    charstringsOffsets;
        public int[]    charset;
        public int[] 	FDSelect;
        public int FDSelectLength;
        public int FDSelectFormat;
        public int 		CharstringType = 2;
        public int FDArrayCount;
        public int FDArrayOffsize;
        public int[] FDArrayOffsets;
        public int[] PrivateSubrsOffset;
        public int[][] PrivateSubrsOffsetsArray;
        public int[]       SubrsOffsets;
    }
    // Changed from private to protected by Ygal&Oren
    protected Font[] fonts;

    public CFFFont(RandomAccessFileOrArray inputbuffer) {

        //System.err.println("CFF: nStdString = "+standardStrings.length);
        buf = inputbuffer;
        seek(0);

        int major, minor;
        major = getCard8();
        minor = getCard8();

        //System.err.println("CFF Major-Minor = "+major+"-"+minor);

        int hdrSize = getCard8();

        offSize = getCard8();

        //System.err.println("offSize = "+offSize);

        //int count, indexOffSize, indexOffset, nextOffset;

        nameIndexOffset    = hdrSize;
        nameOffsets        = getIndex(nameIndexOffset);
        topdictIndexOffset = nameOffsets[nameOffsets.length-1];
        topdictOffsets     = getIndex(topdictIndexOffset);
        stringIndexOffset  = topdictOffsets[topdictOffsets.length-1];
        stringOffsets      = getIndex(stringIndexOffset);
        gsubrIndexOffset   = stringOffsets[stringOffsets.length-1];
        gsubrOffsets       = getIndex(gsubrIndexOffset);

        fonts = new Font[nameOffsets.length-1];

        // now get the name index

        /*
        names             = new String[nfonts];
        privateOffset     = new int[nfonts];
        charsetOffset     = new int[nfonts];
        encodingOffset    = new int[nfonts];
        charstringsOffset = new int[nfonts];
        fdarrayOffset     = new int[nfonts];
        fdselectOffset    = new int[nfonts];
         */

        for (int j=0; j<nameOffsets.length-1; j++) {
            fonts[j] = new Font();
            seek(nameOffsets[j]);
            fonts[j].name = "";
            for (int k=nameOffsets[j]; k<nameOffsets[j+1]; k++) {
                fonts[j].name += getCard8();
            }
            //System.err.println("name["+j+"]=<"+fonts[j].name+">");
        }

        // string index

        //strings = new String[stringOffsets.length-1];
        /*
        System.err.println("std strings = "+standardStrings.length);
        System.err.println("fnt strings = "+(stringOffsets.length-1));
        for (char j=0; j<standardStrings.length+(stringOffsets.length-1); j++) {
            //seek(stringOffsets[j]);
            //strings[j] = "";
            //for (int k=stringOffsets[j]; k<stringOffsets[j+1]; k++) {
            //	strings[j] += (char)getCard8();
            //}
            System.err.println("j="+(int)j+" <? "+(standardStrings.length+(stringOffsets.length-1)));
            System.err.println("strings["+(int)j+"]=<"+getString(j)+">");
        }
         */

        // top dict

        for (int j=0; j<topdictOffsets.length-1; j++) {
            seek(topdictOffsets[j]);
            while (getPosition() < topdictOffsets[j+1]) {
                getDictItem();
                if (key=="FullName") {
                    //System.err.println("getting fullname sid = "+((Integer)args[0]).intValue());
                    fonts[j].fullName = getString((char)((Integer)args[0]).intValue());
                    //System.err.println("got it");
                } else if (key=="ROS")
                    fonts[j].isCID = true;
                else if (key=="Private") {
                    fonts[j].privateLength  = ((Integer)args[0]).intValue();
                    fonts[j].privateOffset  = ((Integer)args[1]).intValue();
                }
                else if (key=="charset"){
                    fonts[j].charsetOffset = ((Integer)args[0]).intValue();

                }
//                else if (key=="Encoding"){
//                    int encOffset = ((Integer)args[0]).intValue();
//                    if (encOffset > 0) {
//                        fonts[j].encodingOffset = encOffset;
//                        ReadEncoding(fonts[j].encodingOffset);
//                    }
//                }
                else if (key=="CharStrings") {
                    fonts[j].charstringsOffset = ((Integer)args[0]).intValue();
                    //System.err.println("charstrings "+fonts[j].charstringsOffset);
                    // Added by Oren & Ygal
                    int p = getPosition();
                    fonts[j].charstringsOffsets = getIndex(fonts[j].charstringsOffset);
                    seek(p);
                } else if (key=="FDArray")
                    fonts[j].fdarrayOffset = ((Integer)args[0]).intValue();
                else if (key=="FDSelect")
                    fonts[j].fdselectOffset = ((Integer)args[0]).intValue();
                else if (key=="CharstringType")
                	fonts[j].CharstringType = ((Integer)args[0]).intValue();
            }

            // private dict
            if (fonts[j].privateOffset >= 0) {
                //System.err.println("PRIVATE::");
                seek(fonts[j].privateOffset);
                while (getPosition() < fonts[j].privateOffset+fonts[j].privateLength) {
                    getDictItem();
                    if (key=="Subrs")
                    	//Add the private offset to the lsubrs since the offset is
                    	// relative to the beginning of the PrivateDict
                        fonts[j].privateSubrs = ((Integer)args[0]).intValue()+fonts[j].privateOffset;
                }
            }

            // fdarray index
            if (fonts[j].fdarrayOffset >= 0) {
                int[] fdarrayOffsets = getIndex(fonts[j].fdarrayOffset);

                fonts[j].fdprivateOffsets = new int[fdarrayOffsets.length-1];
                fonts[j].fdprivateLengths = new int[fdarrayOffsets.length-1];

                //System.err.println("FD Font::");

                for (int k=0; k<fdarrayOffsets.length-1; k++) {
                    seek(fdarrayOffsets[k]);
                    while (getPosition() < fdarrayOffsets[k+1]) {
                        getDictItem();
                        if (key=="Private") {
                            fonts[j].fdprivateLengths[k]  = ((Integer)args[0]).intValue();
                            fonts[j].fdprivateOffsets[k]  = ((Integer)args[1]).intValue();
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        //System.err.println("CFF: done");
    }

    // ADDED BY Oren & Ygal

    void ReadEncoding(int nextIndexOffset){
    	int format;
    	seek(nextIndexOffset);
    	format = getCard8();
    }
}
