diffusers/docs/source/en/using-diffusers/image_quality.md

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# Controlling image quality

The components of a diffusion model, like the UNet and scheduler, can be optimized to improve the quality of generated images leading to better image lighting and details. These techniques are especially useful if you don't have the resources to simply use a larger model for inference. You can enable these techniques during inference without any additional training.

This guide will show you how to turn these techniques on in your pipeline and how to configure them to improve the quality of your generated images.

## Lighting

The Stable Diffusion models aren't very good at generating images that are very bright or dark because the scheduler doesn't start sampling from the last timestep and it doesn't enforce a zero signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The [Common Diffusion Noise Schedules and Sample Steps are Flawed](https://hf.co/papers/2305.08891) paper fixes these issues which are now available in some Diffusers schedulers.

> [!TIP]
> For inference, you need a model that has been trained with *v_prediction*. To train your own model with *v_prediction*, add the following flag to the [train_text_to_image.py](https://github.com/huggingface/diffusers/blob/main/examples/text_to_image/train_text_to_image.py) or [train_text_to_image_lora.py](https://github.com/huggingface/diffusers/blob/main/examples/text_to_image/train_text_to_image_lora.py) scripts.
>
> ```bash
> --prediction_type="v_prediction"
> ```

For example, load the [ptx0/pseudo-journey-v2](https://hf.co/ptx0/pseudo-journey-v2) checkpoint which was trained with `v_prediction` and the [`DDIMScheduler`]. Now you should configure the following parameters in the [`DDIMScheduler`].

* `rescale_betas_zero_snr=True` to rescale the noise schedule to zero SNR
* `timestep_spacing="trailing"` to start sampling from the last timestep

Set `guidance_rescale` in the pipeline to prevent over-exposure. A lower value increases brightness but some of the details may appear washed out.

```py
from diffusers import DiffusionPipeline, DDIMScheduler

pipeline = DiffusionPipeline.from_pretrained("ptx0/pseudo-journey-v2", use_safetensors=True)

pipeline.scheduler = DDIMScheduler.from_config(
    pipeline.scheduler.config, rescale_betas_zero_snr=True, timestep_spacing="trailing"
)
pipeline.to("cuda")
prompt = "cinematic photo of a snowy mountain at night with the northern lights aurora borealis overhead, 35mm photograph, film, professional, 4k, highly detailed"
generator = torch.Generator(device="cpu").manual_seed(23)
image = pipeline(prompt, guidance_rescale=0.7, generator=generator).images[0]
image
```

<div class="flex gap-4">
  <div>
    <img class="rounded-xl" src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/diffusers/no-zero-snr.png"/>
    <figcaption class="mt-2 text-center text-sm text-gray-500">default Stable Diffusion v2-1 image</figcaption>
  </div>
  <div>
    <img class="rounded-xl" src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/diffusers/zero-snr.png"/>
    <figcaption class="mt-2 text-center text-sm text-gray-500">image with zero SNR and trailing timestep spacing enabled</figcaption>
  </div>
</div>

## Details

[FreeU](https://hf.co/papers/2309.11497) improves image details by rebalancing the UNet's backbone and skip connection weights. The skip connections can cause the model to overlook some of the backbone semantics which may lead to unnatural image details in the generated image. This technique does not require any additional training and can be applied on the fly during inference for tasks like image-to-image and text-to-video.

Use the [`~pipelines.StableDiffusionMixin.enable_freeu`] method on your pipeline and configure the scaling factors for the backbone (`b1` and `b2`) and skip connections (`s1` and `s2`). The number after each scaling factor corresponds to the stage in the UNet where the factor is applied. Take a look at the [FreeU](https://github.com/ChenyangSi/FreeU#parameters) repository for reference hyperparameters for different models.

<hfoptions id="freeu">
<hfoption id="Stable Diffusion v1-5">

```py
import torch
from diffusers import DiffusionPipeline

pipeline = DiffusionPipeline.from_pretrained(
    "runwayml/stable-diffusion-v1-5", torch_dtype=torch.float16, safety_checker=None
).to("cuda")
pipeline.enable_freeu(s1=0.9, s2=0.2, b1=1.5, b2=1.6)
generator = torch.Generator(device="cpu").manual_seed(33)
prompt = ""
image = pipeline(prompt, generator=generator).images[0]
image
```

<div class="flex gap-4">
  <div>
    <img class="rounded-xl" src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/diffusers/sdv15-no-freeu.png"/>
    <figcaption class="mt-2 text-center text-sm text-gray-500">FreeU disabled</figcaption>
  </div>
  <div>
    <img class="rounded-xl" src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/diffusers/sdv15-freeu.png"/>
    <figcaption class="mt-2 text-center text-sm text-gray-500">FreeU enabled</figcaption>
  </div>
</div>

</hfoption>
<hfoption id="Stable Diffusion v2-1">

```py
import torch
from diffusers import DiffusionPipeline

pipeline = DiffusionPipeline.from_pretrained(
    "stabilityai/stable-diffusion-2-1", torch_dtype=torch.float16, safety_checker=None
).to("cuda")
pipeline.enable_freeu(s1=0.9, s2=0.2, b1=1.4, b2=1.6)
generator = torch.Generator(device="cpu").manual_seed(80)
prompt = "A squirrel eating a burger"
image = pipeline(prompt, generator=generator).images[0]
image
```

<div class="flex gap-4">
  <div>
    <img class="rounded-xl" src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/diffusers/sdv21-no-freeu.png"/>
    <figcaption class="mt-2 text-center text-sm text-gray-500">FreeU disabled</figcaption>
  </div>
  <div>
    <img class="rounded-xl" src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/diffusers/sdv21-freeu.png"/>
    <figcaption class="mt-2 text-center text-sm text-gray-500">FreeU enabled</figcaption>
  </div>
</div>

</hfoption>
<hfoption id="Stable Diffusion XL">

```py
import torch
from diffusers import DiffusionPipeline

pipeline = DiffusionPipeline.from_pretrained(
    "stabilityai/stable-diffusion-xl-base-1.0", torch_dtype=torch.float16,
).to("cuda")
pipeline.enable_freeu(s1=0.9, s2=0.2, b1=1.3, b2=1.4)
generator = torch.Generator(device="cpu").manual_seed(13)
prompt = "A squirrel eating a burger"
image = pipeline(prompt, generator=generator).images[0]
image
```

<div class="flex gap-4">
  <div>
    <img class="rounded-xl" src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/diffusers/sdxl-no-freeu.png"/>
    <figcaption class="mt-2 text-center text-sm text-gray-500">FreeU disabled</figcaption>
  </div>
  <div>
    <img class="rounded-xl" src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/diffusers/sdxl-freeu.png"/>
    <figcaption class="mt-2 text-center text-sm text-gray-500">FreeU enabled</figcaption>
  </div>
</div>

</hfoption>
<hfoption id="Zeroscope">

```py
import torch
from diffusers import DiffusionPipeline
from diffusers.utils import export_to_video

pipeline = DiffusionPipeline.from_pretrained(
    "damo-vilab/text-to-video-ms-1.7b", torch_dtype=torch.float16
).to("cuda")
# values come from https://github.com/lyn-rgb/FreeU_Diffusers#video-pipelines
pipeline.enable_freeu(b1=1.2, b2=1.4, s1=0.9, s2=0.2)
prompt = "Confident teddy bear surfer rides the wave in the tropics"
generator = torch.Generator(device="cpu").manual_seed(47)
video_frames = pipeline(prompt, generator=generator).frames[0]
export_to_video(video_frames, "teddy_bear.mp4", fps=10)
```

<div class="flex gap-4">
  <div>
    <img class="rounded-xl" src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/diffusers/video-no-freeu.gif"/>
    <figcaption class="mt-2 text-center text-sm text-gray-500">FreeU disabled</figcaption>
  </div>
  <div>
    <img class="rounded-xl" src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/diffusers/video-freeu.gif"/>
    <figcaption class="mt-2 text-center text-sm text-gray-500">FreeU enabled</figcaption>
  </div>
</div>

</hfoption>
</hfoptions>

Call the [`pipelines.StableDiffusionMixin.disable_freeu`] method to disable FreeU.

```py
pipeline.disable_freeu()
```