Instruction: create a high quality summary of the given input

Input:
Trump executive order paves the way for delivery drone expansion
 Drone deliveries got a step closer to reality as the White House issued an order giving local governments more authority to conduct tests of the burgeoning new technology.

President Donald Trump on Wednesday is signing an executive order designed to speed the approval of drone flights over crowds and for longer distances. The administration says it wants to open new commercial uses for the aircraft and create jobs.

"In order to maintain American leadership in this emerging industry here at home, our country needs a regulatory framework that encourages innovation while insuring airspace safety," Michael Kratsios, a deputy assistant to the president at the Office of Science and Technology Policy, said in a briefing with reporters.

Trump’s order, a response to calls from companies making and using drones, will allow local governments to apply to the Federal Aviation Administration for waivers allowing them to conduct tests of deliveries, drone air-traffic systems, long-range flights and other uses generally prohibited under current rules, Kratsios said.

The move is the latest attempt to jump start an industry in which technology has moved at a rapid clip—only to be held back by regulatory and safety concerns. The government adopted rules allowing routine commercial flights last year, but with rare exceptions it limited operations to short distances and ordered that they be kept away from people.

While U.S. companies have been among the industry’s leaders, some have complained that restrictive federal regulations have slowed their ability to move forward. Companies including Amazon.com Inc. and Alphabet Inc.’s Project Wing have at times had to test their drone-delivery systems in other countries. Project Wing is now testing Mexican food delivery via drone in Australia.

In addition to deliveries, drones can be tested for such uses as rushing medical supplies to emergencies, performing inspections of pipelines and power grids, and filming news events. Earlier this month, CNN was granted an FAA waiver allowing routine drone flights over people.

This program will give state, local and tribal governments "a voice and a stake in the development of a federal regulatory framework for aviation," Kratsios said. Details of how far the local agencies could go to press the federal regulators weren’t released, but their programs must be approved by the FAA.

The new program helps resolve some of the tensions over which governmental agencies will ultimately control drone operations by giving the FAA and its parent, the Department of Transportation, the ultimate authority, said Michael Drobac, executive director of the Small UAV Coalition.

"This is a good step," Drobac said. "We needed to have some clarity and the administration needed to act."

In its announcement, the White House was at times critical of federal regulators and may pit Trump’s top officials against some of federal agencies, including national security offices and the FAA. Kratsios said uses of drones have grown rapidly and more than a million were registered with the government, far exceeding the number of traditional aircraft.

"However, our aviation regulatory framework has not kept pace with this change," he said.

One of the main reasons the FAA has moved slowly to allow expanded drone flights has been reservations by the FBI and security agencies concerned about them being used as terrorist weapons or for criminal activity. As a result, the FAA is trying to craft rules that would require at least some drones to broadcast their identity and position at all times.

Similarly, the FAA is grappling with growing safety concerns about drones. The first mid-air collision between a drone and a traditional aircraft occurred Sept. 21 near New York City. Earlier this month, the FAA cited growing numbers of reported safety incidents as justification for rapidly moving to a new system for approving flight waivers.

The data gathered in test flights will help with both this issues, according to the White House.

Output: The White House has issued an order that allows local governments greater autonomy over the conduction of drone flight tests. Michael Kratsios, deputy assistant to the President at the Office of Science and Technology Policy, said “our country needs a regulatory framework that encourages innovation while insuring airspace safety”. The order also allows greater exploration of delivery tests, drone air traffic systems, overcrowd flights and greater distances covered.


Instruction: create a high quality summary of the given input

Input:
WeWork takes 450,000 sq ft in California shopping centre
 WeWork, a shared-office space startup, has obtained more than 450,000 square feet in a Mountain View shopping center that is currently under construction.

The New York company will take over a lease from LinkedIn at The Village at San Antonio Center, according to May Chow, a LinkedIn spokeswoman. The center — which is set to be completed in late 2017 — will also feature cafes, restaurants, a boutique hotel and a movie theater, according to its website.

“LinkedIn has reassigned its lease at The Village at San Antonio Center, and will not be setting up offices there,” Chow said in an email.

WeWork could not be reached for comment.

WeWork, founded in 2010, offers flexibility to companies that are too small, or have too many remote employees, to justify leasing an entire office. Its business model involves renting out large office spaces and then leasing out smaller spaces to other companies.

Lenny Siegel, the vice mayor of Mountain View, applauded this move. He said it will open up more space for startups to grow in the city, which is dominated by tech giants such as Google, LinkedIn and Symantec.

“This is still the best place in the world for start a company, but the squeeze in real estate created by growth of our largest companies has made it difficult for companies to find space here,” he said.

“We’re looking for a diverse commercial ecosystem here,” Siegel added.

WeWork currently has more than 160 locations worldwide, 14 of them in the Bay Area.

On Tuesday, Hudson’s Bay, the company that owns retail giant Lord & Taylor, said it is selling its flagship store in New York City to WeWork, which will use the space for its headquarters. The Lord & Taylor building on Fifth Avenue in Manhattan is considered a landmark.

Trisha Thadani is a San Francisco Chronicle staff writer. Email: tthadani@sfchronicle.com Twitter: @TrishaThadani

Output: Office space provider WeWork has taken up a lease for 450,000 sq ft in a California shopping centre. The space in the Mountain View mall south of San Francisco, which is still under construction, was originally taken by business social media site LinkedIn. Lenny Siegel, vice mayor of Mountain View, said WeWork's move would help attract more start-ups to the region, which is dominated by technology giants Google, Symantec and LinkedIn.


Instruction: create a high quality summary of the given input

Input:
Kensington and Chelsea 'buy-to-leave homes' amass £85,000 in fines
 The gains to London property investors from leaving homes empty has far outstripped the penalties they face doing so, a Guardian investigation has learned.

Owners of homes with a combined value of over £500m in the ultra-rich borough of Kensington and Chelsea were fined a total of just £85,000 for leaving them empty last year, a survey of vacant properties suggests.

The figures can be reported due to the accidental release earlier this year of a confidential database, which for the first time identified hundreds of properties left empty for at least two years, as well as their owners.

The single largest penalty imposed on any of the 89 properties examined for the survey was just £1,426, even though the property – a £9m, six-storey mansion in the Notting Hill area – has increased in value by approximately £1.1m since it was acquired three years ago.

Polly Neate, the chief executive officer of the housing charity Shelter, said the data revealed how the empty homes premium – a penalty measure of an additional 50% council tax for long-term empty properties – was effectively “meaningless”.

“It’s much easier for [owners] to just incur the penalty,” Neate said. “That’s actually the easiest option for them; it should be the hardest option. It should be harder for them to keep the home empty than to do something with it.”

'It should be harder for them to keep the home empty than to do something with it' Polly Neate, Shelter

The problem of buy to leave, whereby investors acquire property and deliberately leave it empty so as not to incur any of the costs of renting, is not limited to Kensington and Chelsea. A buyer for the property company Savills described buy to leave as “endemic” in the capital’s most desirable areas. During the leadup to London’s mayoral election last year, both candidates pledged to clamp down on the problem.

No official figures on the practice is compiled. However, it is in the city’s most expensive boroughs that house prices have risen most sharply. While UK house prices rose by an average of 20% over the last decade, according to the Office for National Statistics, prices in Kensington and Chelsea rose by 65% over the same period.

Earlier this month it was reported that only ten of the households left homeless by the Grenfell Tower disaster had been permanently rehoused.

Investors examine a scale model of London at Mipim, the real estate trade show in Cannes on 14 March 2017. Photograph: Yann Coatsaliou/AFP/Getty

To assess the scale of the potential profits earned by owning empty homes, the Guardian compared the purchase price of the list of empty properties accidentally released by Kensington and Chelsea council with Zoopla estimates for what those properties are currently worth. The estimates are based on recent sales from other properties in the local area. Both data points were available for 89 of the properties on the list.

The data also reveals how much the owners of the properties were charged in empty homes premium as a penalty for leaving them empty for longer than two years.

The properties, which were bought for a combined total of £395m at different times, are currently worth £504m. The average increase in value was £1.2m; those who owned larger properties, or held them for longer periods, enjoyed even more lucrative returns.

One flat, worth £99,000 in 2001, is now worth an estimated £1.5m. Yet the owner of the property, an apartment in the attractive ward of Courtfield, was charged just £1,077 last year for leaving it empty.

In another case, a four-storey property in the Campden ward worth £1.8m in 2001 is now estimated to be worth over £6m. Neighbours said the house, a few hundred metres from Kensington High Street, had been empty “for years”. The owner was fined £1,062 last year for leaving it empty.

In total, the owners of the 89 properties now worth an estimated half a billion pounds were charged just £85,373 in empty homes premium last year, or 0.02% of the properties’ current combined estimated value.

Kensington’s recently elected Labour MP, Emma Dent Coad, accused prime property buyers and developers of profiteering from the country’s housing crisis. “This is a deliberate thing, to inflate prices ever further while shoving people on low incomes out on to the edges, next to railways lines, next to busy roads and at the end of industrial estates,” she said. “That’s not right for anybody.”

Calls for tougher sanctions have been made for some time from both Conservative and Labour politicians. In 2014, then mayor Boris Johnson said he thought 1,000% tax rates should be imposed. A report for the Greater London Authority earlier this year also called for central government to permit larger fines.

Such calls have thus far been unsuccessful. The government’s position is yet to change from the one expressed in a 2013 letter from then housing minister Brandon Lewis to Camden councillor Theo Blackwell, implying that tougher sanctions would be too severe a penalty for owners of empty properties. “The government believes the current empty home premium is appropriate and has no plans to make the changes you suggested,” he wrote, before going on to criticise “the last government’s punitive approach to empty homes” as “counterproductive”.

Additional reporting by Niamh McIntyre

Follow Guardian Cities on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram to join the discussion, and explore our Archive here

Output: Owners of long-term empty properties with a combined value of over £500m ($655m) in one of London's wealthiest areas, Kensington and Chelsea, incurred fines of just £85,000 last year, according to the Guardian. The figures came to light after the accidental release of a confidential database. A buyer for estate agent Savills said the buy to leave issue, in which owners leave their properties vacant to avoid renting costs, was "endemic" across London's most attractive areas. Polly Neate, the CEO of charity Shelter, said the government's buy to leave penalty – charging an extra 50% council tax – was "meaningless".


Instruction: create a high quality summary of the given input

Input:
Swiss insurer Elvia launches robo-adviser
 Elvia insurance company has launched a robo adviser in Switzerland, adding to the growing number of automated banking providers. Elvia eInvest’s CEO told finews.com what targets he aims to achieve with the new service.

Elvia eInvest is the first Swiss insurer to launch its own robo adviser. The unit of Allianz Suisse today announced that the service, which will be available online only, comes with a fee of 0.55 percent of the average deposit.

The fee also includes trading commissions, payment services and changes to the portfolio allocation. The cost of exchange traded products of 0.25 percent will be added to the basis 0.55 percent fee.

Cautious Forecast

Klaus Thaler (pictured below), in charge of Elvia eInvest since July, remains cautious in his forecast: «We aim to manage 1 billion Swiss francs in client assets within a ten year period,» he told finews.com in an interview.

His caution is understandable, given the difficulties that robo advisers in Switzerland had to acquire assets, despite the low fees charged. Part of the reason may be a certain skepticism about the reliability of the technology and a lot of potential investors have other priorities.

Cause for Optimism

Thaler still sees an «enormous» demand for simple and cheap investment solutions, not least for pension provisions.

The advantage of Elvia eInvest may be the large customer base of its owner Allianz Suisse. The company has more than 1 million clients in the country and a network of about 120 branches across Switzerland, making it easier to acquire customers for the new service.

ETF's First

Elvia developed the robot with Additiv, the Zurich-based fintech. The identification of a customer is video-based and contracts are signed electronically. The minimum deposit is 5,000 Swiss francs.

Exchange traded funds (ETFs) provide the backbone of the service, which are divided up into nine categories covering bonds and equities across the world.

«We are investing client assets in the ETFs with the highest score in relation to cost and liquidity,» Thaler said. Each portfolio contains at least six ETFs for reasons of diversification.

Output: Elvia has become the first Swiss insurer to launch a robo-adviser. The platform was developed with Swiss fintech company Additiv, and will use video recognition and electronic signatures to verify client information. The service, which uses exchange-traded funds, will cost clients 55 basis points, plus a 25 point fee for the ETF products. The minimum investment is CHF5,000 ($5,045).


Instruction: create a high quality summary of the given input

Input:
Groundbreaking DNA editor could have life-changing effects
 Sign up for a full digest of all the best opinions of the week in our Voices Dispatches email Sign up to our free weekly Voices newsletter Please enter a valid email address Please enter a valid email address SIGN UP I would like to be emailed about offers, events and updates from The Independent. Read our privacy notice Thanks for signing up to the

Voices Dispatches email {{ #verifyErrors }} {{ message }} {{ /verifyErrors }} {{ ^verifyErrors }} Something went wrong. Please try again later {{ /verifyErrors }}

A new gene editing breakthrough allows scientists to easily snip out problems in genetic code, potentially removing thousands of deadly inherited diseases.

The new technique could allow doctors to make changes to people's DNA and alter the molecular machines that help create us – and bring about problems in the form of genetic diseases.

It would allow them to remove the mutations blamed for inherited conditions ranging from genetic blindness to sickle-cell anaemia, metabolic disorders and cystic fibrosis. And it could also be used to "write in" useful mutations, according to the scientists who made the discovery.

The "base editor" is a molecular machine that directly converts one building block of DNA into another. DNA sequences contain four "base" chemicals that pair up on the molecule's twin-stranded double helix in specific ways.

As such, edits made to the DNA using the new tools are far more precise than the leading and most famous technology, CRISPR. "CRISPR is like scissors, and base editors are like pencils," said David Liu, the chemical and molecular biologist who led the study.

Science news in pictures Show all 20 1 / 20 Science news in pictures Science news in pictures Pluto has 'beating heart' of frozen nitrogen Pluto has a 'beating heart' of frozen nitrogen that is doing strange things to its surface, Nasa has found. The mysterious core seems to be the cause of features on its surface that have fascinated scientists since they were spotted by Nasa's New Horizons mission. "Before New Horizons, everyone thought Pluto was going to be a netball - completely flat, almost no diversity," said Tanguy Bertrand, an astrophysicist and planetary scientist at NASA's Ames Research Center and the lead author on the new study. "But it's completely different. It has a lot of different landscapes and we are trying to understand what's going on there." Getty Science news in pictures Over 400 species discovered this year by Natural History Museum The ancient invertabrate worm-like species rhenopyrgus viviani (pictured) is one of over 400 species previously unknown to science that were discovered by experts at the Natural History Museum this year PA Science news in pictures Jackdaws can identify 'dangerous' humans Jackdaws can identify “dangerous” humans from listening to each other’s warning calls, scientists say. The highly social birds will also remember that person if they come near their nests again, according to researchers from the University of Exeter. In the study, a person unknown to the wild jackdaws approached their nest. At the same time scientists played a recording of a warning call (threatening) or “contact calls” (non-threatening). The next time jackdaws saw this same person, the birds that had previously heard the warning call were defensive and returned to their nests more than twice as quickly on average. Getty Science news in pictures Turtle embryos influence sex by shaking The sex of the turtle is determined by the temperatures at which they are incubated. Warm temperatures favour females. But by wiggling around the egg, embryos can find the “Goldilocks Zone” which means they are able to shield themselves against extreme thermal conditions and produce a balanced sex ratio, according to the new study published in Current Biology journal Ye et al/Current Biology Science news in pictures Elephant poaching rates drop in Africa African elephant poaching rates have dropped by 60 per cent in six years, an international study has found. It is thought the decline could be associated with the ivory trade ban introduced in China in 2017. Reuters Science news in pictures Ancient four-legged whale discovered in Peru Scientists have identified a four-legged creature with webbed feet to be an ancestor of the whale. Fossils unearthed in Peru have led scientists to conclude that the enormous creatures that traverse the planet’s oceans today are descended from small hoofed ancestors that lived in south Asia 50 million years ago A. Gennari Science news in pictures Animal with transient anus discovered A scientist has stumbled upon a creature with a “transient anus” that appears only when it is needed, before vanishing completely. Dr Sidney Tamm of the Marine Biological Laboratory could not initially find any trace of an anus on the species. However, as the animal gets full, a pore opens up to dispose of waste Steven G Johnson Science news in pictures Giant bee spotted Feared extinct, the Wallace's Giant bee has been spotted for the first time in nearly 40 years. An international team of conservationists spotted the bee, that is four times the size of a typical honeybee, on an expedition to a group of Indonesian Islands Clay Bolt Science news in pictures New mammal species found inside crocodile Fossilised bones digested by crocodiles have revealed the existence of three new mammal species that roamed the Cayman Islands 300 years ago. The bones belonged to two large rodent species and a small shrew-like animal New Mexico Museum of Natural History Science news in pictures Fabric that changes according to temperature created Scientists at the University of Maryland have created a fabric that adapts to heat, expanding to allow more heat to escape the body when warm and compacting to retain more heat when cold Faye Levine, University of Maryland Science news in pictures Baby mice tears could be used in pest control A study from the University of Tokyo has found that the tears of baby mice cause female mice to be less interested in the sexual advances of males Getty Science news in pictures Final warning to limit "climate catastrophe" The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has issued a report which projects the impact of a rise in global temperatures of 1.5 degrees Celsius and warns against a higher increase Getty Science news in pictures Nobel prize for evolution chemists The nobel prize for chemistry has been awarded to three chemists working with evolution. Frances Smith is being awarded the prize for her work on directing the evolution of enzymes, while Gregory Winter and George Smith take the prize for their work on phage display of peptides and antibodies Getty/AFP Science news in pictures Nobel prize for laser physicists The nobel prize for physics has been awarded to three physicists working with lasers. Arthur Ashkin (L) was awarded for his "optical tweezers" which use lasers to grab particles, atoms, viruses and other living cells. Donna Strickland and Gérard Mourou were jointly awarded the prize for developing chirped-pulse amplification of lasers Reuters/AP Science news in pictures Discovery of a new species of dinosaur The Ledumahadi Mafube roamed around 200 million years ago in what is now South Africa. Recently discovered by a team of international scientists, it was the largest land animal of its time, weighing 12 tons and standing at 13 feet. In Sesotho, the South African language of the region in which the dinosaur was discovered, its name means "a giant thunderclap at dawn" Viktor Radermacher / SWNS Science news in pictures Birth of a planet Scientists have witnessed the birth of a planet for the first time ever. This spectacular image from the SPHERE instrument on ESO's Very Large Telescope is the first clear image of a planet caught in the very act of formation around the dwarf star PDS 70. The planet stands clearly out, visible as a bright point to the right of the center of the image, which is blacked out by the coronagraph mask used to block the blinding light of the central star. ESO/A. Müller et al Science news in pictures New human organ discovered that was previously missed by scientists Layers long thought to be dense, connective tissue are actually a series of fluid-filled compartments researchers have termed the “interstitium”. These compartments are found beneath the skin, as well as lining the gut, lungs, blood vessels and muscles, and join together to form a network supported by a mesh of strong, flexible proteins Getty Science news in pictures Previously unknown society lived in Amazon rainforest before Europeans arrived, say archaeologists Working in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso, a team led by archaeologists at the University of Exeter unearthed hundreds of villages hidden in the depths of the rainforest. These excavations included evidence of fortifications and mysterious earthworks called geoglyphs José Iriarte Science news in pictures One in 10 people have traces of cocaine or heroin on fingerprints, study finds More than one in 10 people were found to have traces of class A drugs on their fingers by scientists developing a new fingerprint-based drug test. Using sensitive analysis of the chemical composition of sweat, researchers were able to tell the difference between those who had been directly exposed to heroin and cocaine, and those who had encountered it indirectly. Getty Science news in pictures Nasa releases stunning images of Jupiter's great red spot The storm bigger than the Earth, has been swhirling for 350 years. The image's colours have been enhanced after it was sent back to Earth. Pictures by: Tom Momary

Together guanine (G), adenine (A), thymine (T) and cytosine (C) make up the letters of the genetic code. The new system converts the DNA base-pair A-T to G-C, a microscopically small effect that has massive implications for science and medicine.

Roughly half the 32,000 single-letter changes in the genetic code known to be associated with human disease involve a change the other way, from G-C to A-T.

The technique employs a modified form of the "molecular scissors" gene-editing tool CRISPR-Cas9, which has transformed genetics research since its power was first demonstrated in 2012.

But unlike standard CRISPR-Cas9, it does not make changes by slicing through the double helix.

Professor Liu, from Harvard University said: "We developed a new base editor, a molecular machine, that in a programmable, irreversible, efficient and clean manner can correct these mutations in the genome of living cells.

"When targeted to certain sites in human genomic DNA, this conversion reverses the mutation that is associated with a particular disease."

The "machine", called an Adenine Base Editor (ABE), was tested in the laboratory by correcting the mutation responsible for hereditary haemochromatosis (HHC), a disease that causes iron overload in the body.

ABE was also used to install a beneficial mutation that protects against blood diseases including sickle cell anaemia.

The results are reported in the journal Nature.

Dr Liu said a lot more work needed to be done before the technique could be used to help human patients.

"We still have to deliver that machine, we have to test its safety, we have to assess its beneficial effects in animals and patients and weigh them against any side effects, we need to do many more things," he added.

British scientists called the research "exciting" and "incredibly powerful".

Professor Robin Lovell-Badge, group leader at The Francis Crick Institute, London, said: "This is both clever and important science ..

"Many genetic diseases are due to alterations (mutations) where a single base pair has been substituted for another.

"This makes these new base editing methods of great value in both basic research to make disease models and, in theory, to correct genetic disease.

"Much more research will be needed to show the methods are entirely safe and, perhaps, to find ways to increase their efficiency, which is already at an impressive 50 per cent, but this is an exciting development."

Dr Helen O'Neill, reproductive science programme director at University College London, said: "The ability to now directly alter all four base-pairs with such specificity adds more ammunition to the genome editing artillery and will be incredibly powerful in the research of diseases and future restoration of disease-causing mutations."

Darren Griffin, professor of genetics at the University of Kent, said: "The work represents another step change in the Crispr story."

Another ground-breaking study reported in the journal Science showed how a new version of Crispr could be used to target and edit RNA, the molecule that carries genetic instructions to protein-making machinery in cells.

The system, called Repair, has the potential to render single-letter disease-causing mutations in DNA harmless.

David Cox, a member of the US team at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Broad Institute, said: "Repair can fix mutations without tampering with the genome, and because RNA naturally degrades, it's a potentially reversible fix."

Additional reporting by agencies

Output: A new technique in gene editing could allow scientists to cut out faults in the genetic code, thus removing thousands of serious inherited diseases such as cystic fibrosis, genetic blindness and sickle-cell anaemia. "When targeted to certain sites in human genomic DNA, this conversion reverses the mutation that is associated with a particular disease," said Professor Liu at Harvard University. The new "base editor" is more precise than the current Crispr technology, according to Liu.


Instruction: create a high quality summary of the given input

Input:
Oman's insurers may struggle with move to compulsory health cover
 The implementation of a compulsory healthcare insurance scheme in Oman will boost growth in the country's under-penetrated insurance market, S&P Global Ratings says in a new report. But the market will need to address technical and operational weaknesses in order to bolster incomes and make the most of the growth opportunities, says the international rating agency.

Output: Oman's insurance industry will need to overcome operational deficiencies, including underdeveloped claims management infrastructure, in order to respond to incoming rules requiring mandatory health insurance for the country's population. If this can be achieved, however, gross written premiums in the country are forecast to increase by roughly 10% in the next two years, according to S&P Global Ratings. The health insurance rules will begin to be implemented in January and will be rolled out in phases, with expatriates the first to be enrolled.


Instruction: create a high quality summary of the given input

Input:
Huawei hires dedicated team of digital marketers to crack Europe
 Chinese mobile phone maker Huawei is hiring a dedicated team of digital marketers to boost its awareness in Europe, its first specialized marketing team outside China.

The team will report to Huawei Europe’s chief marketing officer, Andrew Garrihy, and be tasked with developing strategies in 10 markets, including the U.K., France and Germany.

Job descriptions are still being finalized, but Huawei is looking for performance marketers, analytics experts and social media strategists. Future roles will likely focus on the internet of things, artificial intelligence and mobile connectivity. Functions such as AI, which has been built into Huawei’s current flagship phone, could turn software rather than hardware into the differentiator for smartphone makers in the West, as it’s done for their counterparts in China.

“While we will try and do as much integration with the likes of Facebook and Snapchat via the team, its aim is to take advantage of how the way people use their phone is changing,” Garrihy said. “It’s about coming up with answers to questions like, ‘What does a site look like in 12 months from now when we have AI-enabled handsets that can do voice processing and recognition?’”

Creative is another skill Huawei wants to build in the team. While the company has no plans to ax its agencies by bringing in digital marketing and creative, it wants more control over creative. But whereas other advertisers have taken certain tasks in-house due to concerns over how their ads are bought, the smartphone maker’s desire for control is tied to its contrarian marketing strategy.

The most important part of Huawei’s marketing lies in its partnerships with the likes of Dazed Media for Project Possible and public relations campaigns rather than paid media. The company has spent millions to recruit top talent such as football star Lionel Messi and actress Scarlett Johansson to promote its high-end lines. It only pays to promote content that has already done well organically or has strong creative, though, which helps the company keep costs down and monitor success. Huawei’s Western Europe business has increased the number of PR campaigns it runs by 300 percent over the last six months compared to the same period in the previous year.

The investments appear to have worked to an extent. This year, the company surpassed Apple to become the second-largest smartphone manufacturer by shipment in countries such as Finland, Italy, Spain and Poland, according to research firm Canalys. In larger EU markets such as the U.K., the brand still has limited awareness.

YouGov BrandIndex data reveals that in terms of Impression score, which indicates whether or not someone has a positive impression of the brand, Huawei is around the +4 mark, comparable to brands such as Motorola (+5). Perhaps this is to be expected, as a smaller number of people have interacted with the brand, said Russell Feldman, director of digital, media and technology research at YouGov.

Garrihy said he expects awareness in the U.K. and elsewhere in Europe to grow in the coming months, though, with “significant payback” in sales on the increased marketing it plans to do across Western Europe within the next two years.

Image courtesy of Huawei.

Output: Chinese smartphone manufacturer Huawei is out to grow awareness of its brand in the UK and major European countries, and is putting together a team of digital marketers to get the job done. Positions advertised include social media strategists and analytics experts, while other roles are set to focus on artificial intelligence and the internet of things. In the past six months, Huawei has increased its PR campaigns in Western Europe by 300%, and signed stars including Scarlett Johansson and Lionel Messi to help raise its brand profile.


Instruction: create a high quality summary of the given input

Input:
Target uses mobile-based augmented reality tool to sell furniture
 Discount retailer Target has added AR technology to its mobile site, so customers can see how furniture will look in their home before purchasing the product.

With ‘See It In Your Space’, customers shopping with Target’s new Project 62 line can are able to select proper scale 3D versions of home products and move them around a room – through their phone’s camera – to see how well it goes.

The mobile web feature is currently available for 200 Project 62 Target home products. The retailer says it will roll the functionality out to hundreds more products by the end of the years and thousands more in 2018.

See It In Your Space follows in the footsteps of Swedish furniture store Ikea’s app of a similar nature. Ikea Place, built on Apple’s ARKit, enables customers to scan the floor of their home in the iOS app, then browse for products, and move them into the position they want it to sit in their home. It automatically scales products based on room dimensions.

Join us at the 2017 Effective Mobile Marketing Awards Ceremony, taking place in London on Thursday 16 November, to mix with the industry's best and brightest, and raise a glass to the year's best campaigns and solutions. To find out more, and to book your place, click here.

Output: US retailer Target is set to take on Swedish rival Ikea with the launch of augmented reality tool See It In Your Space. The feature allows customers browsing Target's Project 62 line to see scaled, 3D representations of products and position them in their homes, using a mobile phone. Target currently has 200 Project 62 home products available for See It In Your Space, and is aiming to increase that figure to thousands by 2018. Ikea recently launched similar tool Place.


Instruction: create a high quality summary of the given input

Input:
The elderly as well as the young suffer from housing shortage
 Britain’s housing shortage is never far from the top of the political agenda. But the narrative focuses almost entirely on first-time buyers when there is an even more serious and overlooked shortage in suitable housing for older people.

This paucity affects both older homeowners stuck in unsuitably large family properties and unable to find smaller homes, and people renting social housing when they need sheltered or supported accommodation. In both cases, government policy is stifling the supply of the kind of housing older people want and need, while at the same time increasing the bill for health and social care.

Developers specialising in housing for older people have to grapple with a planning system that works against them. These homes tend to have higher build costs, more communal facilities and support services to arrange, making it hard for developers to bid against mainstream house builders for plots of land. There is little recognition of the need for older people’s housing in local planning rules, and the outcome of planning applications varies from local authority to local authority. It’s a bureaucratic, volatile system that leaves developers and their investors uncertain about the future and struggling to expand.

To make matters worse, the government is set to draw supported housing into the quagmire of universal credit by extending a blanket housing benefit cap to everyone receiving it, regardless of whether they live in private, social or supported homes. This means that from April 2019, those living in supported housing, 70% of whom are older people [pdf], will have their housing benefit capped at local housing allowance levels. A ringfenced, top-up fund is intended to cover costs that go above this – likely to be about a third of the total amount. “Ringfenced”, however, is no guarantee of sustained funding. The previous supporting people fund lasted all of six years before the ringfence was removed [pdf] and some housing schemes lost 50% of their funding within a year. That experience has taught providers to be wary of promises of sustained financial support that are vulnerable to the whims of new governments and changes in priorities.

Less sheltered housing is being built, with the current shortage of 17,000 properties set to double by 2020. The uncertainty generated by the LHA proposals have exacerbated this, putting the brakes on investment and planned developments. Yet we know sheltered housing saves health and care services some £486m a year [pdf] by reducing falls, shortening inpatient stays and so on. Denying older people access to this type of housing makes it likely that whatever the Department for Work and Pensions saves in welfare spending will be outstripped by the increase in NHS and social care costs.

Any housing policy that looked beyond the plight of first-time buyers would recognise the self-defeating nature of the LHA policy. There have been reports that the government is considering a U-turn on plans to cap housing benefit for people in supported housing. But we seem a long way from tackling the chronic shortage of older people’s housing.

Claudia Wood is chief executive of the thinktank Demos and gave evidence to the Commons communities and local government committee inquiry on housing for older people on 22 October.

This article was amended on 24 October 2017, following a government announcement that it has dropped plans to cap housing benefit for social housing and supported accommodation

Sign up for your free Guardian Housing network newsletter with comment and sector views sent direct to you on the last Friday of the month. Follow us: @GuardianHousing

Looking for a housing job, or need to recruit housing staff? Take a look at Guardian Jobs.

Output: The UK government and media are both overlooking the serious shortage of suitable, affordable housing for older people, wrote Claudia Wood, the CEO of think-tank Demos. She warned the shortfall added to health and social care costs, cancelling out any savings made by the Department for Work and Pensions, while planning rules and bureaucracy have made it harder for developers to build sheltered or supported accommodation. Wood also criticised the government's plan to extend the housing benefit cap to take in supported homes (which it since dropped) and said sheltered housing saved health and care services £486m ($635m) annually.


Instruction: create a high quality summary of the given input

Input:
Reality TV star Marnie Simpson breaches ad code on Snapchat
 The UK's Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) has its work cut out for it as the line between legitimate online content and ads gets ever blurrier. Social media "influencers" regularly flout the rules and despite the sheer volume of posts across different platforms, the ASA occasionally issues slaps on the wrists for offending Tweets and Instagram campaigns. And today, the ASA has wagged a stern finger at Snapchat posts that weren't appropriately labelled as ads for the first time.

The ASA received complaints about the June 20th Snapchat Story of Marnie Simpson, of Geordie Shore and Celebrity Big Brother fame. In one update, the TV personality promoted a 50-percent off sale for Diamond Whites tooth polish. The company argued Simpson had been a brand ambassador for many years, and thus the commercial relationship was well established. Despite the post obviously being promotional in nature, the ASA effectively concluded that it didn't matter and it still needed an "#ad" tag, making it clear to her followers it was a paid-for post.

In a less cut-and-dry case, another update showed off a new, unreleased colour "coming soon" to Simpson's iSpyEyes brand of tinted and novelty contact lenses. On the basis that the product was not available to buy and the brand itself was not specifically mentioned, Simpson's PR agency argued it wasn't exactly promotional in nature. The ASA disagreed.

In cases like this, the ASA typically demands that offending posts are amended or deleted, but since Snapchat Stories self-destruct after 24 hours, there's nothing to be done at this point. Diamond Whites and Simpson's PR agency have graciously promised, however, to be stricter regarding their client's application of the #ad identifier in the future.

It's unlikely the ASA will be able to divert too much resource towards policing disappearing Snapchat posts. On the other hand, it's important complaints are followed up considering the social app has a primarily young and arguably impressionable user base -- as well as no built-in feature that clearly labels ads, as yet.

Earlier this year, the ASA complained that "hidden" advertising on social platforms was "taking up more and more of our time." And you'd have thought the lengths the regulator went to a few years ago to explain to vloggers what an advert was would've done the trick.

Output: The UK Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) has criticised two Snapchat Story posts made by reality TV star Marnie Simpson for not being clearly labelled as advertising. Complaints were filed with the ASA in June, after Simpson, best known for her appearances on Geordie Shore and Celebrity Big Brother, endorsed a 50% off sale for Diamond Whites tooth polish, and showed off a forthcoming addition to Simpson's own range of coloured contact lenses. The ASA concluded both posts should have carried an '#ad' tag.


Instruction: create a high quality summary of the given input

Input:
Poor mental health costs 300,000 jobs and £99bn in UK each year
 We published the government response to this independent review on 30 November 2017.

Thriving at Work sets out what employers can do to better support all employees, including those with mental health problems to remain in and thrive through work.

It includes a detailed analysis that explores the significant cost of poor mental health to UK businesses and the economy as a whole. Poor mental health costs employers between £33 billion and £42 billion a year, with an annual cost to the UK economy of between £74 billion and £99 billion.

The review quantifies how investing in supporting mental health at work is good for business and productivity. The most important recommendation is that all employers, regardless of size or industry, should adopt 6 ‘mental health core standards’ that lay basic foundations for an approach to workplace mental health. It also details how large employers and the public sector can develop these standards further through a set of ‘mental health enhanced standards’. The review also makes a series of recommendations to government and other bodies.

Output: Approximately 300,000 people in the UK with long-term mental health issues lose their jobs each year, 50% more than do so due to physical health, according to a government-commissioned study. The Thriving at Work report, published on Thursday, estimates that poor mental health costs the UK economy up to £99bn ($131bn) annually, £42bn of which employers bear. The report calls for employers to support six core principles, including increasing awareness and monitoring staff well-being. Research by Deloitte suggests businesses could receive returns of between £1.50 and £9 for each £1 invested in health interventions.


Instruction: create a high quality summary of the given input

Input:
Poor mental health costs 300,000 jobs and £99bn in UK each year
 Insert Custom CSS fragment. Do not delete! This box/component contains code needed on this page. This message will not be visible when page is activated.

+++ DO NOT USE THIS FRAGMENT WITHOUT EXPLICIT APPROVAL FROM THE CREATIVE STUDIO DEVELOPMENT TEAM +++

Output: Approximately 300,000 people in the UK with long-term mental health issues lose their jobs each year, 50% more than do so due to physical health, according to a government-commissioned study. The Thriving at Work report, published on Thursday, estimates that poor mental health costs the UK economy up to £99bn ($131bn) annually, £42bn of which employers bear. The report calls for employers to support six core principles, including increasing awareness and monitoring staff well-being. Research by Deloitte suggests businesses could receive returns of between £1.50 and £9 for each £1 invested in health interventions.


Instruction: create a high quality summary of the given input

Input:
Poor mental health costs 300,000 jobs and £99bn in UK each year
 About 300,000 people with a long-term mental health problem lose their jobs each year, a review commissioned by Theresa May has found.

The Thriving at Work report, published on Thursday, puts the annual cost to the UK economy of poor mental health at up to £99bn, of which about £42bn is borne by employers.

The authors – the Mind chief executive, Paul Farmer, and the mental health campaigner and a former HBOS chair, Dennis Stevenson – said they were shocked to find the number of people forced to stop work as a result of mental health problems was 50% higher than for those with physical health conditions.

Farmer said the evidence suggested it is still a taboo subject in many workplaces. “The picture is that there are very significant numbers of people in work with mental health problems but there are significant numbers who are not,” he said.

“We think that the reasons for that are a combination of a lack of support, lack of understanding within some workplaces and a lack of speedy access to mental health services. Sometimes in organisations people feel themselves excluded as a result of their mental health issues and sometimes people don’t necessarily spot that somebody is struggling.”

Farmer and Stevenson said that the challenge was bigger than they had envisaged when instructed by the prime minister, but that with action dramatic changes could be achieved over the next 10 years. They said they hoped that the number of people with long-term mental health problems who lose their jobs could be reduced to the same level as those with physical conditions.

They found that about 15% of people at work have symptoms of an existing mental health condition, which they said illustrates the fact that given the right support they can thrive in employment.

Farmer described the economic case as overwhelming and the authors link current failures to the UK’s relatively poor productivity. An analysis by Deloitte examining existing workplace interventions identified potential to generate a return to business of between £1.50 and £9 for every £1 invested.

Among examples of good practice highlighted by the report are the mental health first aid courses at Thames Water and, at Aviva, the promotion of e-learning modules to help identify and self-identify when people need support.

Farmer and Stevenson said they want all employers to commit to six core standards around mental health, including having a plan in place, increasing awareness among employees, stipulating line management responsibilities and routinely monitoring staff’s mental health and wellbeing. “What we feel is really important is that organisations take responsibility for the mental health of their staff,” said Farmer.

“As the stigma around mental health begins to shift, I think the area of mental health in the workplace is becoming much more visible. Employers are recognising that this is an issue, but they don’t know what to do. That’s why we’ve recommended these core standards.”

Highlighting further benefits for companies, he said that some young people were now asking employers about their mental health policies in the same way they might have asked about their green credentials a decade ago.

“The most progressive organisations in this area are already being quite open in terms of their internal reporting and what they put on their website in terms of how they support their staff,” he said.

Large employers are expected to go further and the report calls on the government and public sector to lead by example. It says the government should also ensure that the NHS provides high quality mental health services, quick and convenient to fit around employment, and consider enhancing protections for employees with mental health conditions in the Equality Act 2010.

The report makes 40 recommendations and Stevenson urged the government to accept them all. “We need the right leadership among employers in the public, private and voluntary sectors, and a mandate from policy-makers to deliver our ambitious but achievable plan,” he said.

Stephen Martin, director general of the Institute of Directors, welcomed the review which he said shows “mental health is not just a moral issue, but a business one too. Business leaders must put themselves at the frontier of addressing these challenges.”

Case study: ‘I was using work in a quite self-destructive way’

Andrew Omerod: ‘I’d been living with depression a very long time already; work happened to be the way it was expressed.’

Andrew Omerod, 35, from London, operations director at GrantTree, says he has experienced both sides of the coin when it comes to mental health problems at work. “When I was working for my previous employer, I was using work in quite a self-destructive way. Overworking is a way of acting out the pain you’re experiencing that you don’t know how to express. It’s also a way of escaping it in the short term – but it’s harmful in the long term.

“It was work that led to me having a breakdown. I’d been living with depression a very long time already; work happened to be the way it was expressed. I had to take time off, about a year.

“The thing that was disappointing for me more than anything else was that when I was ready to go to work my employer became quite disruptive. They basically said: ‘You can come back to us but rather than reporting directly to the MD [managing director] you’re going to have to report to someone else who we’ve promoted in your absence.’ So we agreed that I would leave.

“The experience at GrantTree has been very different. I am very passionate about my job, I get caught up in it and here I have colleagues who say to me: ‘You seem to be staying late and taking on quite a lot of stuff, is that sustainable?’ [They are] people who recognise I can fall into this kind of behaviour.”

Output: Approximately 300,000 people in the UK with long-term mental health issues lose their jobs each year, 50% more than do so due to physical health, according to a government-commissioned study. The Thriving at Work report, published on Thursday, estimates that poor mental health costs the UK economy up to £99bn ($131bn) annually, £42bn of which employers bear. The report calls for employers to support six core principles, including increasing awareness and monitoring staff well-being. Research by Deloitte suggests businesses could receive returns of between £1.50 and £9 for each £1 invested in health interventions.


Instruction: create a high quality summary of the given input

Input:
Superbug MRSA found to be spreading outside UK hospitals
 Antibiotic-resistant MRSA is spreading outside hospitals having left its usual breeding grounds, new research reveals.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which kills up to one-fifth of infected individuals, is affecting people throughout Britain by going undetected in communities, a study found.

Although the infection is typically associated with hospitals, many sufferers are unaware they carry MRSA, which is symptomless unless it enters the bloodstream. This allows them to spread the life-threatening bacteria through skin-to-skin contact when out and about, the research adds.

Despite patients being routinely screened for the bacteria upon hospital admission, the test is fairly inaccurate, which further encourages the infection to spread.

Dr Jonathan Pearce, head of infections and immunity at the Medical Research Council, who was not involved in the study, said: 'This study sheds light on MRSA transmission within and between hospitals and the community, which could help strengthen infection prevention and control measures.'

Antibiotic-resistant MRSA is spreading outside hospitals into communities (stock)

WHAT IS MRSA? Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a type of bacteria that is resistant to several widely-used antibiotics, which makes it particularly hard to treat. Catching the infection early could prevent it spreading and infecting others. Approximately 30 per cent of people carry the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria even in their nose, armpits, groin or buttocks without realising it. This can invade the body's bloodstream and release poisonous toxins that kill up to one-fifth of infected patients. MRSA is most commonly associated with hospitals. As well as being highly drug resistant, current screening methods are fairly inaccurate, which allows the infection to spread as a patient moves around both within and outside hospitals. Even when the infection is successfully treated, it doubles the average length of a patient's hospital stay, as well as increasing healthcare costs. The WHO recently classified MRSA as high priority on its list for the Research and Development of new drugs. Advertisement !- - ad: https://mads.dailymail.co.uk/v8/ru/health/none/article/other/mpu_factbox.html?id=mpu_factbox_1 - ->

How the research was carried out

Researchers from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute in Cambridgeshire mapped MRSA transmission rates among 1,465 people in eastern England over one year.

They sequenced the DNA of at least one MRSA strain from the study's participants based on samples that are routinely collected from infected individuals and sent to labs.

The lab involved in the investigation serves three hospitals and 75 GP surgeries.

Some 173 MRSA outbreaks were detected, which occurred in hospitals, the community, GP surgeries and people's homes.

Cases were linked by assessing the participants' hospital admissions, ward transfers and home addresses.

MRSA goes undetected in the community

Results reveal the infection is transmitted in the community after going unrecognised by doctors.

This contradicts the assumption MRSA infections solely occur in hospitals with outbreaks being confined to single wards.

Specific individuals are thought to help spread the infection if they frequently visit different healthcare-related buildings.

Earlier this year the World Health Organisation warned antibiotic-resistant superbugs pose an enormous threat to human health.

The researchers detected MRSA strains native to the UK, Taiwan and the US, which suggests their findings could apply to other regions around the world.

They aim to initiate a second study next year to investigate new MRSA cases and how it spreads to help improve treatments.

Study leader Professor Sharon Peacock said: 'Our study has shown sequencing all MRSA samples as soon as they are isolated can rapidly pinpoint where MRSA transmission is occurring.

'If implemented in clinical practice this would provide numerous opportunities to catch outbreaks early and target these to bring them to a close, for example by decolonising carriers and implementing barrier nursing.

'We have the technology in place to do this and it could have a really positive impact on public health and patient outcomes.'

Dr Jonathan Pearce added: 'Antibiotic resistance poses a global challenge to healthcare.

'To tackle it we need to prevent infections, preserve existing antibiotics and promote the development of new therapies and interventions.

'This study sheds light on MRSA transmission within and between hospitals and the community, which could help strengthen infection prevention and control measures.'

The findings were published in the journal Science Translational Medicine.

Output: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), one of the superbugs that are resistant to antibiotics, is spreading out of hospitals and into the UK population at large, according to research. Hospitals are the usual breeding grounds for MRSA; however, although patients are routinely screened for MRSA, the test is fairly inaccurate. Also, carriers of the bacteria can spread the disease, which is symptomless until it enters the bloodstream, unknowing, which allows it to be passed on through skin-to-skin contact.


Instruction: create a high quality summary of the given input

Input:
Chinese crypto-miner Bitmain to provide AI training hardware
 Beijing-headquartered Bitmain, the world’s largest Bitcoin Bitcoin While some may still be wondering what is Bitcoin, who created Bitcoin, or how does Bitcoin work, one thing is certain: Bitcoin has changed the world.No one can remain indifferent to this revolutionary, decentralized, digital asset nor to its blockchain technology.In fact, we’ve gone a long way ever since a Florida resident Laszlo Hanyecz made BTC’s first official commercial transaction with a real company by trading 10,000 Bitcoins for 2 pizzas at his local Papa John’s.One could now argue that While some may still be wondering what is Bitcoin, who created Bitcoin, or how does Bitcoin work, one thing is certain: Bitcoin has changed the world.No one can remain indifferent to this revolutionary, decentralized, digital asset nor to its blockchain technology.In fact, we’ve gone a long way ever since a Florida resident Laszlo Hanyecz made BTC’s first official commercial transaction with a real company by trading 10,000 Bitcoins for 2 pizzas at his local Papa John’s.One could now argue that Read this Termmining hardware producer, today announced its first products for accelerating artificial intelligence (AI) applications.

Gadi Glikberg

Earlier this year Finance Magnates exclusively reported that Bitmain decided to enter the AI market after we visited the offices of Bitmaintech Israel - the company’s first R&D center outside of China. Today the head of Bitmaintech Israel, Gadi Glikberg, told us: "We are very proud to be part of the software development effort of the Sophon products. Our AI researchers are focused on creating computer vision and NLP solutions that are optimized for the Sophon platform."

The new products are a customized tensor computing ASIC ASIC The Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) is the prime regulator in Australia for corporate, markets, financial services, and consumer credit. It is empowered under the financial service laws to facilitate, regulate, and enforce Australian financial laws. The Australian Commission was set up and is administered under the Australian Securities and Investment Commission Act of 2001. ASIC was initially the Australian Securities Commission based on the 1989 ASC Act. Initially, the The Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) is the prime regulator in Australia for corporate, markets, financial services, and consumer credit. It is empowered under the financial service laws to facilitate, regulate, and enforce Australian financial laws. The Australian Commission was set up and is administered under the Australian Securities and Investment Commission Act of 2001. ASIC was initially the Australian Securities Commission based on the 1989 ASC Act. Initially, the Read this Term (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) optimized for training functions for deep learning networks and an advanced fan-cooled module that combines it into a compact, easy-to-integrate package. These can be applied in a variety of use cases including image and speech recognition, autonomous vehicle technology, enhanced security camera surveillance, robotics, the Internet of Things (IoT), and more.

“Deep learning is very intensive computationally and our experience in creating high-performing hardware for Bitcoin has absolutely prepared us for this exciting area of computing,” notes Micree Zhan, Bitmain CEO. “AI hardware is an area that Bitmain is proactively developing to power the next generation of AI applications.

Bitmain saw trends in the AI business that were similar to the early days of Bitcoin, and so we started to explore AI toward the end of 2015. Now after only a year and a half, we have the mass-production chips in hand.”

The developers explain that the new products, called BM1680 and SC1, feature full compatibility with popular AI platforms, including mainstream Caffe, Darknet, Googlenet, VGG, Resnet, Yolo, Yoto2 and other models.

Output: Less than two years after first entering the artificial intelligence (AI) sector, Beijing-based Bitmain has unveiled its first AI hardware products. The advanced fan-cooled module and customised tensor computing Application Specific Integrated Circuit are fully compatible with several AI platforms, and can be applied to products ranging from autonomous vehicles and robotics to the internet of things. The company's experience building hardware for bitcoin enabled the smooth transition into AI, said Bitmain CEO Micree Zhan.


Instruction: create a high quality summary of the given input

Input:
Indian insurers should increase focus on female clients
 In OTT

While Disney+ Hotstar is eyeing to double its reach during the World Cup and a 50% increase in viewership during the Asia Cup, marketers are expecting a 10-15% reduction in CPM along with improved demographic plus device price-based targeting

Output: Insurers and other financial institutions in India should adjust their outreach campaigns to reflect societal changes and an increased prominence of women making more financial decisions, according to Best Media Info. The number of women making investment decisions independently has risen from 37% to 52% between 2015 and 2016, according to a report from Nielsen. Institutions can no longer assume men are making the majority of financial decisions within a family, with some companies suggesting marketing should look to be inclusive of the whole family unit.


Instruction: create a high quality summary of the given input

Input:
No plans to charge pages to appear in news feed: Facebook
 A controversial test of Facebook’s new feature in several countries has news publishers very worried about their business—but the company is adamant that there is nothing to fret about.

Facebook recently rolled a new feed called “Explore,” which aggregates content that it thinks you might like, but that you don’t necessarily follow (the results are…not great, at least for Quartz journalists). In Sri Lanka, Bolivia, Slovakia, Serbia, Guatemala, and Cambodia, the company pushed all content from Facebook Pages, which includes news publishers, into the hard-to-find Explore feed, leaving only posts from friends and sponsored content in its most read News Feed.

Advertisement

A post on Medium from Slovakian journalist Filip Struharik, started the panic among news organizations, who have come to depend on Facebook to drive a large share of their traffic. He said that the organic reach of some news pages fell by two-thirds. Immediately, speculation began that Facebook would ask publishers to pay to stay within the News Feed, which could upend many business strategies in the industry.

Facebook denied this was the case, with the head of News Feed, Adam Mosseri, saying in a post: “There is no current plan to roll this out beyond these test countries or to charge pages on Facebook to pay for all their distribution in News Feed or Explore.” At a media event in New York Tuesday, he said Facebook runs thousands of tests every day, and this was just one of them, which would “inform” a number of ideas for Facebook. Still, the prospect of Facebook de-emphasizing news is looming over publishers worldwide.

The Explore test comes amid the social media’s newly tense relationship with legitimate publishers. Fake news has been crowding out real news—during the 2016 presidential election in the US, such posts got higher engagement than those of all top news outlets combined. Although more and more people access news from Facebook and it makes all its money from ad revenue, the company maintains it’s not a media company and, of course, shouldn’t be regulated like one. Yet, small changes in its algorithm, as seen earlier this year, can significantly affect traffic to news sites and, thus, publishers’ bottom lines.

Perhaps adding insult to injury, Facebook on Tuesday introduced new guidelines for publishers. Mosseri said that “clickbait and sensationalism are the number one complaint about News Feed.” In its guidelines, the company is encouraging publishers to post content that’s “meaningful and informative,” since that is what users value, rather than hyped-up headlines.

Output: Facebook has denied that it plans to charge publishers to remain in its news feeds, despite having run tests of such a system. The company introduced trials of its new "Explore" feed in a number of countries including Sri Lanka, Bolivia and Serbia, but a senior executive has now said it will not be extended worldwide. The experiment relegates non-promoted page content to a separate, less-prominent feed, raising concerns amongst publishers that they will in future have to pay to maintain their visibility to users.


Instruction: create a high quality summary of the given input

Input:
Sea levels to rise by 1.3 metres unless coal power ends by 2050
 Coastal cities around the world could be devastated by 1.3m of sea level rise this century unless coal-generated electricity is virtually eliminated by 2050, according to a new paper that combines the latest understanding of Antarctica’s contribution to sea level rise and the latest emissions projection scenarios.

It confirms again that significant sea level rise is inevitable and requires rapid adaptation. But, on a more positive note, the work reveals the majority of that rise – driven by newly recognised processes on Antarctica – could be avoided if the world fulfils its commitment made in Paris to keep global warming to “well below 2C”.

In 2016, Robert DeConto from the University of Massachusetts Amherst revealed that Antarctica could contribute to massive sea level rise much earlier than thought, suggesting ice sheet collapse would occur sooner and identifying a new process where huge ice cliffs would disintegrate.

But that paper only examined the impact of Antarctica on sea level rise, ignoring other contributions, and didn’t examine the details of what measures society needed to take to avoid those impacts.

The new paper by Alexander Nauels from the University of Melbourne and colleagues uses simplified physical models that allowed them to explore all known contributions to sea level rise, and pair them with the new generation of emissions scenarios which the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) will use in the next set of reports.

Under all scenarios we are going to have to adapt Sea level expert John Church

They found that if nothing is done to limit carbon pollution, then global sea levels will rise by an estimated 1.32m. That is 50% more than was previously thought, with the IPCC’s AR5 report suggesting 85cm was possible by the end of the century.

But the extra contribution from Antarctica would not kick in if warming was kept at less than 1.9C above preindustrial levels, the researchers found. Temperatures above that threshold risked triggering the additional processes in Antarctica identified in the 2016 paper, causing much greater sea level rise.

“The 1.5C limit in the Paris Agreement is a much safer bet to avoid this additional contribution than only achieving 2C,” Nauels said.

The work, published in the journal Environmental Research Letters, showed that the current carbon reduction pledges which governments have made as part of the Paris Agreement by 2030 – their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) – are so weak they would require very deep cuts between 2030 and 2050 to avoid triggering those extra processes in Antarctica.

Since the authors used the next generation of emissions scenarios (the “Shared Socioeconomic Pathways”), which include assumptions about socioeconomic factors that are driving emissions – such as energy demand, energy generation, population growth and GDP – they were able to examine what actions could be taken to avoid the sea level rise.

Those scenarios suggested coal could only make up 5% of the world’s energy mix by 2050 if sea level rise is to be limited to about half a metre.

Similarly, those scenarios suggested a global carbon price would have to be well over US$100 per tonne, since at that cost, sea level would rise by 65cm by 2100.

John Church, a leading sea level rise expert from the University of New South Wales who was co-convening lead author of the chapter on sea level in the third and fifth IPCC Assessment Reports, told the Guardian the work was further confirmation that the world needed to prepare now for substantial sea level rises.

“Under all scenarios we are going to have to adapt,” Church said. “We cannot stop all sea level rise.”

He said the research community was not in consensus yet about the accelerated contribution of Antarctica to sea level rise, identified in the 2016 paper and modelled in this study, but examining the implications of those findings was still important.

DeConto, the lead author of the landmark paper from 2016, said it was important to recognise the good news in his original findings and this extension of that work.

“In the aggressive mitigation pathways, where we assume that the global community gets its act together and we reduce emissions, it’s a much rosier picture. There’s a much reduced risk of dramatic sea level rise from Antarctica,” he told the Guardian. “This study fully reinforces that.”

Nauels said his team’s work assumed that Antarctica would contribute to sea level rise as was suggested by the 2016 paper by DeConto, but more work was needed to confirm those findings.

“We still have to find out what’s going on in Antarctica,” he told the Guardian. “We can’t base all future sea level rise projects on just one paper. And the Antarctic ice sheet community are frantically working on the new insights.”

Output: Coastal cities could be severely affected by a 1.3 metre rise in sea levels within this century, unless coal-generated electricity is all but eradicated by 2050, according to research from the University of Melbourne. The study drew on the latest understanding of the role played by Antarctica in sea level rises, combined with up-to-date emissions projections. The predicted rise is 50% more than that stated in previous estimates by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The research suggested the majority of the newly predicted rise could be avoided by limiting global warming to less than 1.9C above preindustrial levels.


Instruction: create a high quality summary of the given input

Input:
Twitter to stop accepting ads from Russia Today and Sputnik
 Twitter has announced that it will stop taking advertising from all accounts owned by RT and Sputnik, effective immediately as US lawmakers continue to investigate the impact of foreign-sponsored fake news on the 2016 election.

In a blogpost on Thursday the company said it had taken the decision following its own investigations and the US intelligence community’s conclusion that both RT, formerly known as Russia Today, and Sputnik attempted to interfere with the election on behalf of the Russian government.

“We did not come to this decision lightly, and are taking this step now as part of our ongoing commitment to help protect the integrity of the user experience on Twitter,” the company said.

Russia’s foreign ministry vowed to retaliate, saying that the move flouted international and domestic laws on free speech, the RIA news agency reported.

“We see this as an aggressive move,” Russian Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Maria Zakharova told the RIA Novosti agency.

“This is the result of pressure from the American establishment and intelligence services. Retaliatory measures will of course follow,” she said.

RT’s editor-in-chief, Margarita Simonyan, attacked the move on Twitter, asking whether Twitter’s chief executive, Jack Dorsey, would explain to Congress why the company had asked the Russian service to invest in advertising around the election.

“I never thought that Twitter is under the control of the US security services – it seemed like a conspiracy theory,” she was quoted as saying. “But now Twitter appears to have admitted it.”

RT called Twitter’s statement “groundless and greatly misleading” and said that it had “never pursued an agenda of influencing the US election through any platforms, including Twitter”.

The Russian news service said Twitter had pushed RT to “spend big” during the campaign and offered it access to exclusive tools to get its message across.

The company will donate the $1.9m it has received from the Russian news sources to support external research into the “use of Twitter in civic engagement and elections”.

Twitter, Facebook and Google have all come under pressure for their roles in propagating fake news ahead of Donald Trump’s election. The company had previously announced plans to make political advertising more transparent. Those changes come as a Senate intelligence committee investigates the Kremlin’s potential meddling in US politics.

Sputnik said on its website that Twitter’s move was regrettable, “especially now that Russia had vowed retaliatory measures against the US media.” It did not elaborate.

The news came as Twitter announced it is close to posting its first ever profit after making deep cuts to jobs and expenses and finding new sources of revenue.

But growth at the social media company loved by celebrities and Trump has remained sluggish and Twitter announced it had found an error in its accounting that had overestimated the number of its users.

The social media company has never had a profitable quarter but now believes it “will likely” be profitable in the fourth quarter of this year. The good news sent the company’s share price soaring over 12% in early trading.

For the third quarter, Twitter had a revenue of $590m, down 4% from $616m a year earlier, a fall the company blamed largely on the previously announced decision to wind down its TellApart advertising product.

But the good news on profits came as Twitter once again revealed disappointing growth in the US. Twitter had 330 million monthly active users (MAUs) in the quarter ending on 30 September, up just four million from the previous quarter.

In the US the number of users rose to 69 million from 68 million.

Twitter also said that it had uncovered an error in the way it has calculated the size of its user base since 2014 and has revised its estimates downward, but that the difference amounted to less than 1%.

Twitter said the error in past user estimates was caused when it wrongly counted people who logged into applications associated with the company’s Fabric software platform, which Twitter sold this year to Alphabet’s Google.

“Yes, they grew four million MAU sequentially, which is good enough for the stock to stay at current levels, but revenue growth remains a problem,” said Michael Pachter, managing director, equity research at Wedbush Securities.

Investors and analysts have at times criticized Twitter for how it describes the size of its user base, which is a key metric for social media companies. Unlike Facebook, Twitter does not disclose how many daily active users it has.

Dorsey said in a statement that the business was making progress growing its audience and returning to revenue growth. “We’re proud that the improvements we’re making to the product continue to bring people back to Twitter on a daily basis,” he said.

Twitter’s net loss narrowed to $21m, compared with $103m, a year earlier.

The company has stepped up efforts to keep people hooked through live-streaming deals, including broadcasts of concerts, news and sports. Last month, Twitter began a test of tweets that are as long as 280 characters, double the existing cap, to allow people to better express themselves.

Output: Twitter will no longer accept advertising from accounts owned by Russia Today and Sputnik. The decision comes in the wake of allegations that foreign-sponsored fake news was used to interfere in the 2016 US Presidential election. The company will also donate the $1.9m it has received from these two sources to externally conducted research into the “use of Twitter in civic engagement and elections”.


Instruction: create a high quality summary of the given input

Input:
The Reason Your Dental Work Isn't Covered by Medical Insurance
 I was at the dentist recently for a toothache. He snapped some X-rays, gave my mouth a quick lookover, said I appeared to have cracked the tooth (likely from my severe TMJ) and would need a root canal. He forwarded me to an endodontist. The endodontist discovered I had a strange mass in my jaw that appeared unrelated to the cracked tooth. He put me on antibiotics to prevent infection and forwarded me to an oral surgeon, who confirmed the mass was harmless. Now I’m going back to the endodontist for the root canal, and then back to the dentist for the crown. I have spent over $500 and about eight hours in dental chairs to get this far. It will be thousands more dollars and dozens more hours before I solve this problem. None of it is covered by medical insurance.

I should have gotten dental insurance, right? That’s what I kept telling myself, until I actually looked into the dental plans for which I qualify (more on that in a moment). But the real question here: Why is dental not covered under medical insurance? The same may be asked of vision, but at least there if you have a serious eye problem (like glaucoma or cataracts) you go to an ophthalmologist, which is covered by medical. Such isn’t the case with dental.

The oral cavity is a gateway to your body. A lot of stuff in the mouth can indicate kidney disease, heart disease, diabetes, HPV, cancer, etc.

The partition between dental and medical makes little sense given that “oral health is directly related to general health,” says Dr. Gary Glassman, an endodontist based in Toronto, Canada who also practices in the U.S. “The oral cavity is a gateway to your body. A lot of stuff in the mouth can indicate kidney disease, heart disease, diabetes, HPV, cancer, etc. Your dentist can be your first line of defense.”

The Barbaric History Of Dentistry

Despite it being a plainly medical issue, oral health has always been an outlier. Until the 1800s, dentistry was the domain of barbershops, practiced in the same chair and usually by the same guy who shaved your beard.

“How would you feel if you went to your hairdresser and they pulled your tooth or lanced your abscess?” asks Dr. Glassman.

It’s so bizarre and frightful an image that it’s almost comical, but the history of our teeth and jaws being treated as something as incidental as our hair and nails still haunts us.

“Dentistry has always had a disconnect to medicine,” says Dr. Michael Tischler who specializes in reconstructive dentistry and the implant editor for Dentistry Today. “In 1840 dentistry was proposed as a medical specialty to the University of Maryland in Baltimore and rejected.”

We may have since greatly evolved in how we regard and understand dentistry, but we haven’t embraced it as a primarily medical issue; if we had, it would be covered under medical insurance, or at least, things like a root canal would be, because if you need a root canal and don’t get one, you could end up with all kinds of lethal problems that lead to hospitalization. It is rumored that Queen Elizabeth died from blood poisoning as a result of an untreated tooth infection. That was a long time ago, but hey, it happens.

Why isn’t a health problem so serious it can be deadly, not considered medical? To an extent, it’s because it’s not that common to end up in the hospital as a result of a tooth or gum problem — not if you’re keeping up with preventative dental care.

The Insurance Game of Risk

“The reason dental is separate from medical is that the nature of the risk is fundamentally different as is the deferability of the care,” says Dr. Adam C. Powell, president of Payer+Provider Syndicate, a management advisory and operational consulting firm focused on the managed care and healthcare delivery industries. “If you’re having a heart attack you'll go to the ER right away. Dental problems can often wait and unfortunately often do. The problem may deteriorate, but often it’s not necessarily life-threatening.”

Yes, dental problems often do wait. Mine is waiting until my next paycheck (or three). But the argument that dental problems are less severe than “medical” ones doesn’t quite hold up, not when you look at the numbers of ER visits for which dental-related problems account.

“More than 800,000 annual ER visits arise from preventable dental problems,” says Dr. Allena Willis Kennerly, an orthodontist. Dr. Glassman adds that this year alone 50,000 people will be diagnosed with oral cancer, adding, “Probably 10,000 of those people will die, but these are things that if caught really early can be better treated, before they spread and metastasize.”

Dental Insurance Is Like ‘Triple A For Your Mouth’

Now, let’s say you do have dental insurance. That’s certainly more favorable than the alternative, but it’s hardly ideal. If you undergo a serious procedure, you’ll likely still be left with a hefty bill.

“Dental insurance, unlike medical, is not regulated and it tends to be very constrained,” says Powell. “The annual maximum benefit is not that high, and there’s usually some sort of deductible.”

And it’s a relatively new type of insurance, with Dr. Bobbi Stanley, a dentist, noting that it was first introduced some 60 years ago. “Dental work was a fee for service agreement until the mid-50’s when dental insurance was introduced in California,” says Dr. Stanley. “[Plans] rose in popularity throughout the ‘60s and had a reimbursement of about $1000.”

Inflation may have catapulted the worth of the dollar over the decades, but the reimbursement rate for dental insurance hasn’t budged much. “Most dental insurance companies have an [annual] maximum of $1,500.00,” says Dr. Anil Dwivedi, a general dentist with a specialty in anesthesiology.

Clearly the purpose of dental insurance is not to cover dire issues, but to prevent them — by encouraging regular maintenance. Dr. Powell likens dental plans to “Triple A for your mouth," highlighting that "it's not like car insurance [which covers catastrophes], but it includes a few free oil changes.”

A few oil changes can go a long way (to stick with Powell’s disturbingly apt analogy), and preventative care does have a terrifically positive impact on one’s oral health. But it doesn’t prevent every problem. Take me for example. I need a root canal because I cracked a tooth from clenching and grinding — even though I wear a $600 bite guard at night (which was made for me by a dentist when I had dental insurance, and which was not covered by my dental insurance). Problems like mine are, evidently, not so rare.

“Unfortunately we see extreme situations like this all the time,” says Dr. Tischler. “So even though I preach prevention, prevention, prevention, it won't save you from serious dental emergencies. And that is compounded by the fact that while dental insurance will cover preventative aspects of dental care it doesn’t always cover major dental procedures for adults. This is something that people need to be aware of from a financial planning standpoint.”

Dr. Powell asserts that one major reason dental plans tend to be so minimal in what they cover, is because people don’t want to shell out higher premiums.

“If [dental plans] were more inclusive, that could be a problem because then premiums would be higher, and if premiums were higher, plans would be less appealing to people,” says Powell. “I buy the dental plan because it’s a good rate and it’s cheaper than paying directly out of pocket. If it started covering these high claims it would not be $400 a year dental plan, it would be a $700 a year plan, and then I wouldn't buy it.”

The Case To Merge Medical and Dental

There are still a lot of people not buying dental insurance, even when many plans costs less than a Netflix subscription. No judgments, people, I’m in the same camp.

“Some 74 million Americans had no dental coverage in 2016,” says Dr. Tischler. “The dentally uninsured rate has increased to about four times the medically uninsured rate — even with dental coverage expansions. In part, this is due to the lack of dental coverage in traditional Medicare. Those over 65 may still have coverage through an employer, be able to purchase individual dental coverage or obtain dental coverage as a supplemental benefit through a Medicare Advantage plan; however only 52.9 percent reported having dental coverage on the 2016 NADP consumer survey while virtually 100 percent of seniors have medical coverage under Medicare.”

Dentists are trying to decrease the separation between dentistry and medicine because we are doctors of oral medicine.

It doesn't look like interest in dental insurance will pick up in 2017, but someday we might not have to worry about it. There is a glimmer of hope that dental will eventually be covered under medical in the future.

“It's widely accepted that dental and medical are separate, but the gap is closing as we move forward,” says Glassman. “Dentists are trying to decrease the separation between dentistry and medicine because we are doctors of oral medicine.”

There’s also the mounting data that the healthcare industry could benefit from covering dental as part of medical. Consider those 800,000 ER visits per year for dental-related problems. Wouldn’t more people get the preventative dental care if it were covered by their medical insurance? Couldn’t medical insurance companies ultimately save oodles of money on emergency care if the problem were nipped in the bud free of charge?

Dr. Glassman certainly thinks so.

“It would be more affordable for medical insurance to include basic dentistry,” says Dr. Glassman. “Not only would it save a lot of lives, it would save a heck of a lot of money.”

Want more tips like these? NBC News BETTER is obsessed with finding easier, healthier and smarter ways to live. Sign up for our newsletter and follow us on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram.

Output: Why is dental care not under the jurisdiction of medical insurance, despite similar problems with eyes being covered? Oral health is “directly related” to general health, with the oral cavity being “a gateway to your body”, according to Dr. Gary Glassman, an endodontist. The first line of defense against cancer, kidney disease, heart disease, HPV and diabetes can start with dentists, but oral health has long been divided from general health. Dentistry in the 1800s was taken care of in barbershops, but teeth were treated in a similar way to hair and nails. In 1840, the University of Maryland in Baltimore rejected dentistry as a medical division. One reason why it has not been placed within the remit of health care may be because of the rarity of patients ending up in hospital beds as a result of tooth or gum issues, with risk a considerable factor. Dental treatment can often be delayed, not necessarily being life-threatening in nature. However, over 800,000 annual ER visits are caused by preventable dental issues, with 50,000 people likely to be diagnosed with oral cancer in 2017 alone. 10,000 of these patients will likely die, but earlier treatment can reduce that number. With dental insurance being unregulated and fairly limited, there is still a significant likelihood of being left with steep bills. Dental insurance is also relatively new, being introduced only 60 years ago. Reimbursement is poor, with an average annual maximum of $1,500. Dental insurance, then, is designed to be used as a preventative measure for routine maintenance, rather than dealing with serious issues. However, this is often not enough, leading to extreme situations where a relatively serious issue has escalated. Major dental procedures are not often covered by insurance, leading to larger problems down the line. If dental plans included further treatments and procedures, premiums would increase; but with this increase, dental plans would lose interest for many citizens, who prefer to pay a lower fee for a less comprehensive plan or have no plan at all. Around 74 million Americans did not have dental coverage in 2016, partly due to the fact that dental coverage in traditional Medicare benefits is limited. Adding preventative dental care to general health care insurance could reduce pressure on emergency departments and save lives, whilst also being more affordable.